Yale University Library 39002014374095 ¥J1.t> ^*^ m iT'fe-?;'l)^'-'V-^:'^'!^wi)'''>''jy'^^^^^ yiB»j!yA*jgaBfe'M^ C^oAjsu^i i8K6_ c A HISTORICAL ADDRESS DELIVERED IN FRANKLIN, CONNECTICUT, OCTOBER 14th, 1868, on the Two Hundredth Anniversary of the Settlement of the Town, One Hundred and Fiftieth Anniversary ECCLESIASTICAL ORGANIZATIONS. By ashbel woodward, m. d. Second Edition, TuTTLE, Morehouse & Taylor, Printers, new haven. ' 1870. Note. — The accompanying map gives the location of the first settlers of Franklin. It covers a period extending from 1663, when the lands of West Farms were partly apportioned among the Original Proprietors of Norwich, to 1725, by which time the population had become tolerably numerous. In the Historical Address and in its appended notes, the reader will find the time and order of arrival of these settlers. The present inhabitants will alsr'- ceive by a glance at the map who were the first owners of the farms, they now occupy, and, if they are curious to follow up the clue thus furni they can, by consultation of the records, trace the succession of owners do>, to themselves. The various names of places then in vogue are also g've Some of these are still retained, while others have been long in disuse. The preparation of this map has involved a vast amount of labor. It is the result of investigations extending over a series of years, and to which the writer was led in connection with other historical studies. In its preparation the early deeds of the town of Norwich have been minutely explored, as well as a great number of private papers and deeds in the possession of diflferent families. The series of papers on file in the State Library have also afforded valuable assistance. Not a little information has also been obtained from the examination of the ordinary records of the same date, which, in their records of votes respecting particular sections of the town, of allotments to different individuals, of the location of roads, of the running of district lines, &c., &c.. Have incidentally furnished decisive evidence. By the collation of these dif ferent authorities facts have been elicited which could not have been obtained from any single source. No location has been given which is not sup ported either by the direct evidence of the deeds or by strong collateral evidence. The map may claim, therefore, to present a truthful representation of the town during the first half century of its history, and the writer ventures to hope that this study of a former generation will afford to the present one a pleasure equal to that which it has given to himself. A. W. CONT E NTS. Preliminary Meetings, - - 5 Opening Hymn, by Miss F. M. Caulkins, ''^ress of Welcome, by Ashbel Woodward, M.D., 9 jorical Address, by Ashbel Woodward, M.D., 1 1 ^loTEs TO Historical Address — Note A. — Indian Deed of Norwich, 45 Note B. — Indian Names, - 46 Note C. — List of original Proprietors of Norwich, 48 Note D. — Brief Notices of the principal original Settlers of West Farms, now Franklin, 49 Note E. — College Graduates, - 64 Note F. — List of Clergymen raised up in Franklin, with brief sketches of some that have deceased, . - 65 Note G. — Physicians of West Farms, now Franklin, ¦]¦] Note H. — Sketches of individuals not included in clerical and medical professions, 83 Note I. — List of Missionaries, - - 88 Note J. — Portipaug Society, 89 Index of Names, - - "93 ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS. On page 23, the 16th line from the top, for 1610 read 1710. On page 37, the 5th line from the top, for 1608 read 1708, On page 43, the 7th line from the top, for Edward read Ezra. On page 51, the 16th line from the top, for Get-once read Yet-once. On page 56, the 19th line from the top, for she read he. On page 78, the last line, add the character & so as to read £3, Preliminary Meetings. At a meeting of the Congregational church of Franklin, Conn., August 30th, 1867, it was voted to celebrate the approaching one hundred and fiftieth anniversary of its organization with appropriate exercises, and the follow ing committee were appointed to make the necessary arrangements : — Ashbel Woodward, M. D., Chairman ; Joseph I. Hyde, Clerk ; P. O. Smith, H. W. Kingsley and Dan Hastings. The Ecclesiastical Society voted unani mously, September 30th, 1867, to commemorate its own organization in conjunction with the celebration of the one hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the church. At a subsequent meeting of the committee of arrange ments, Ashbel Woodward, M. D., was invited to deliver the Historical Address. It was also' voted to hold the anniversary celebration on Wednesday, October 7th, 1868.* As the Two Hundredth Anniversary of the settlement of the town had but shortly elapsed, it was afterwards thought proper to include the history of the town within the scope of the Historical Address. * It subsequently became known that the American Board of Commis sioners for Foreign Missions were to hold their annual meeting at Norwich city during the first week of October, i858, and it was, therefore, deemed advisable to defer the anniversary exercises till the second Wednesday of October. Fortunately the organization of the church took place on the second Wednesday of October, 1718, and we were thereby enabled in a certain sense to celebrate upon the anniversary of the date of its organization, although there was an actual discrepancy of one week ; the celebration occurring October 14, while the organization took place October 8th. September 13th, 1868, the committee of arrangements appointed the following special committees : On Collation. — Herman H. Willes, Amos F. Royce, Wm. M. Converse, Charles A. Kingsley, James C. Wood ward, Ezra L. Smith and E. Eugene Ayer. On Fi?iance. — William B. Hyde, John O. Smith, Bela T. Hastings, Amos F. Royce, and Lavius A. Robinson. Oji Reception. — Henry W. Kingsley, Oliver L. Johnson, Lovell K. Smith, Samuel G. Hartshorn, Owen S. Smith, Ezra L. Smith, Dan Hastings and Charles A. Kingsley. On Music. — Hezekiah Huntington, Prentice O. Smith, and Rev. F. C. Jones. Anniversary Exercises. The morning of October 14th, 1868, opened with threat ening clouds and damp, cutting winds. But, notwithstand ing the inauspicious weather, the church was crowded at an early hour with the returning sons and daughters of Franklin, some of whom had journeyed from beyond the Mississippi to join in the festivities of the day, while others had come back gray-haired men to once more grasp hands with the playmates with whom they had parted half a century before. At half-past ten o'clock, the Hon. Ephraim H. Hyde, of Stafford, Lieutenant Governor of Connecticut, was introduced as president of the day, by the pastor, and the exercises of the occasion were opened with an invocation by Rev. E. W. Oilman. The following hymn, written by Miss F. M. Caulkins, of New London, was then sung by the Choir, OPENING HYMN For the Celebration of the 1 f^oth Anniversary of the first Organization of Religious Worship in Franklin, Conn, BY MISS F. M. caulkins. Church of our fathers, hail ! Long on this sacred height. Thy shining courts o'er hill and dale Have shed celestial light, A few worn pilgrims here Their altar reared to God : Here first the Burning-bush they saw. Here bloomed the Almond rod. The watchmen of the land. Like stars before us rise : — For seventy years one faithful hand Was pointed to the skies. And still thy garments shine. With plenteous grace bedewed : Rich are the clusters of thy vine. Thy sons a multitude. For blessings so supreme. Our grateful songs we raise ; Lift high, sound deep the joyful theme. Awake, O voice of Praise ! Now, Lord, in triumph come ! Here shed thy spirit free. That each may bear a blessing home From this, our jubilee. After the singing of the opening hymn, the chairman of the committee of arrangements, Ashbel Woodward, M. D., delivered the following Address of Welcome. Sons and Daughters of Franklin :^ In behalf of the committee of arrangements for cele brating this anniversary occasion, I greet you with a cordial welcome. It affords me no ordinary gratification to welcome you to a full participation in all the pleasant memories and amenities which this hallowed re-union is suited to call forth. I welcome you to the hospitalities of our homes, which were once the homes of your fathers and your fathers' fathers. And to all who have upon this auspicious morning favored us by your presence, I would extend the warmest welcome of our hearts. It is profitable to turn aside occasionally from the stir ring scenes of the hour to contemplate the virtues of those who have lived before us. No people can become per manently great and prosperous unless they revere the memory of a virtuous ancestry. This feeling underlies the sentiment of patriotism and inspires the self-devotion of the hero. If the Roman of the empire was not ashamed to acknowledge his descent from the robber band who founded the eternal city ; if the Briton proudly traces his lineage to the Danish and Saxon pirates of the mediasval period, surely we may well rejoice that our blood is de rived from a religious, heroic, God-fearing ancestry. Amid perils and privations they sowed the precious seed, upborne by a lofty faith even in the darkest hours of trial and adversity. Reflecting upon the piety, and courage. ID and resolution of our fathers who laid the foundations here, we shall not only appreciate more fully the greatness of their work, but be the better fitted to carry it onward toward final fulfillment. Our town, secluded and sparsely settled by an agricul tural people, has borne an unconspicuous part in history. Yet she has given to the country not a few who have risen to high positions of honor and usefulness. Trained in the virtues of the puritans, her sons and their descend ants have ennobled this, their birth-place. But not to detain you with further words, allow me to extend to you, one and all, the earnest and sincere wel come of our hearts. The address of welcome was succeeded by reading of the scriptures, Isaiah xxxv, and prayer by Rev. H. P. Arms, D. D. After further singing by the choir, came the Historical Address. Historical Address, BY AsHBEL Woodward, M. D. Introductory Note. The author of the following address is unwilling to permit this memorial volume to go to press without acknowledging that its tardy appearance is due almost entirely to himself. Actively devoted to a profession which precludes all system in the improvement of moments devoted to non-professional research, he has only been enabled to seize upon detached fragments of time to accomplish the little that was originally contemplated. In preparing the accompanying notes, almost constant recourse has been had to the local records, which fortunately are full and in a good state of preservation. All the early papers now on file in the public offices at the State Capitol, relating to our history in colonial times, have been examined and much valuable information has been obtained there from. The late Miss F. M. Caulkins, in collecting materials for her invalu able LListory of Norwich, availed herself of all known sources of infor mation, and left comparatively little for other gleaners. Frequent refer ence has been had to her writings, which have afforded very valuable aid in the preparation of these sketches. The writer also feels greatly indebted to the late chancellor Wal worth, not only for information which he kindly furnished as a corres pondent, but for many important statistical facts embodied in his Genealogy of the Hyde Family, a work involving vast labor, and including in its scope many of the families resident in this place. He also feels under great obligations to Rev. Dr. Sprague, of Albany, for information communicated by letter, and for the aid afforded by his printed volumes. He would also acknowledge information furnished by Rev. Jesse Fillmore, of Providence, Rev. E. B. Huntington, of Stamford, Prof. Gilman and F. B. Dexter, of Yale College, and others. He would also add that he feels under great obligations to Hon. J. H. Trumbull, President of the Conn. Historical Society, for assistance upon the obscure subject of Indian names. The mechanical execution of the accompanying map was entrusted to Mr. Andrew B. Smith, Post Master at Franklin. Franklin, April 14th, 1869. Historical Address. The Society whose anniversary we celebrate to-day, embraces territory purchased of the Indians in the month of June, 1659. Originally this region lay within the domain of the Narragansett, but he, at some unknown period, was driven back by the irruption of a fierce tribe from the north, who swept down with an impetuosity which even his might could not withstand. These new comers, settling upon the banks of the stream afterwards called by their name, the Pequot or Thames, issued forth from thence conquering and to conquer, a living terror far and near, until overwhelmed in the memorable de struction of 1637. The Mohegans, an uneasy clan of the Pequots and a traitorous aid in their overthrow, rose Phoenix-like from the ruins of their race, and had become in 1^59 a powerful tribe dwelling about the headwaters of the Thames and extending thence into the interior. Their territory was the fairest in New England. Nature here lavished in stream and vale the means of easy sub sistence, while in scenes of rugged grandeur ceaselessly blending with others of quiet repose, she spoke in such tones of captivating eloquence to her first children as she does to-day to those who have ears to listen. But nowhere in this broad domain was her hand more generous or her smile more winsome than over the region which greets the eye from the spot whereon we stand. Here pure streams, flowing with increased volume beneath the shade of the 14 primeval forest, sparkled through valleys from whose genial soil the three sister spirits, guardians of the red man's board, the spirit of Corn, of the Bean and of the Vine, drew the kindliest support. Over the hills above, ranged the deer, bear, wolf and fox, while the encircling streams furnished still choicer food in their abundant supplies of salmon, shad and trout. Here, then, was joy to the full for the red man, and the abundant remains of his art join with tradition in pronouncing this his favorite abode. In these valleys, long before they felt the white man's tread, the summer wind rustled through the com plaining corn, the woods re-echoed to the huntsman's joyous shout, or anon the war-whoop rung out from hill to hill, and the streams ran red with blood. Again, where, perhaps, this very church rears heavenward its spire, weird companies have circled round the council fire in celebration of their mystic rites, or in the golden harvest time, led by the gratitude which yearly draws us hither, have gathered from far and near to return thanks to the Great Spirit for bounteous seasons, and to bespeak his continued kindness. But this aboriginal form of society, with its bright alike with its dark side, be it spoken, van ished so quickly away that only the faintest glimpses of it are preserved for us, and we hasten on into more certain periods. Doubtless the people of Saybrook were familiar with the charms and advantages of this region long before a colony was actually led hither. Major John Mason, the leading spirit in that settlement, had had abundant oppor tunity in his frequent expeditions through the wilderness and his long intimacy with Uncas, to learn the nature of the sachem's possessions ; and it was doubtless the enthu siastic admiration of this tireless man that prevailed upon his fellow colonists to abandon their homes, just beginning IS to requite the toil of years, and plunge again into the heart of the wilderness. In May, 1659, the General Assembly authorized the planting of a colony in the Mohegan country ; and the following month Uncas and his brother Wawequa, for the consideration of seventy pounds, ceded a portion of their domain nine miles square, and including within its limits the present towns of Norwich, Franklin, Bozrah, Lisbon and Sprague, with small portions of adjoining towns. Preliminary arrangements are at once effected, and the next spring the thirty-five proprietors, under the guidance of Major Mason and Rev. James Fitch, remove from Saybrook hither, and establish themselves at what is now known as Norwich Town. The first year or two are busily employed in erecting dwellings and subduing the wilderness about them. These done, other matters press upon the attention. Young men are growing up in their midst, full of the energy begotten by struggles with nature in a new land, who will quickly be ready to plunge still deeper into the shades of the forest, there to hew out their own fortunes. New comers, also, from abroad must soon be crowded onward beyond the existing bounds, while the needs of the present population suggest the clearing up of outlying lands for pasturage and culti vation. The meadows and uplands of West Farms, as this portion of Norwich was long known, are most accessible and inviting. Accordingly, in Sixteen Hundred and Sixty-Three, the desirable portions are parcelled out among the occupants of the Town Plot, to be improved by them, or, if they see fit, passed over into other hands. Nor is it long before the smoke curls up here and there from the center of a little clearing, in indication of actual occupation. Soon John Ayer, the famous hunter, Indian fighter and guide, pushes up the Beaver brook and pitches, i6 his tent in the gap of the hills, a wild and solitary place exactly to his taste and perpetuating by its name the memory of his many daring exploits in its vicinity. Job Hunnewell, William Moore and others, follow in his footsteps, and settle up and down the different streams. These first comers, unused to the restraints of civilization, when, in a few years, neighbors begin to crowd upon them, sigh again for the freedom of the forest, and most of them pass on into the unbroken wilderness. Yet these same men were the actual pioneers in the settlement of West Farms, and carry back the history of this portion of the nine miles square almost to the days of the original settle ment at the Town Plot. Nearly coeval with the arrival of these men here, Samuel Hyde, John Birchard, John Johnson and John Tracy move out from the Town Plot and settle upon the lands that fell to them in the division of 1663. Two hundred years ago ! Who of us can realize the change, or depict the life of those adventurous men, here in the very heart of the wilderness, shut in on every side by the gloom of the primeval forest, and environed by countless perils ? From the surrounding shades savage beasts are ready to pounce upon their herds and trample down their crops, or, at some unguarded moment, the war-whoop may ring out the death knell of unpro tected wives and children. Life is a constant struggle with hardship and danger. Scarcely are the toilsome beginnings over and a slight degree of comfort attained, when King Phillip's war bursts forth, to rage with unin terrupted fury for many months, The compacted settle ments are stricken with deadly fear. Young and old rush to arms. Heavy guards are maintained night and day. Yet with the utmost vigilance a forlorn dread settles upon ¦every heart ; dread lest their stoutest defences avail not 17 against the wiles of the Narragansett chief. What, then, must be the feelings, the sickening despair of the lonely family upon the frontier, cut off from the assistance of neighbors and friends, and to whom the appearance of the foe is the precursor of inevitable death ; death, too, under all the tortures that devilish cunning can devise ? We, whose fortunes have fallen upon peaceful times, but faintly realize the horrors of those early days. No woman in the absence of her husband at his daily toil, could feel sure that in his stead a mangled corpse would not come back to her at night. No father in parting from his wife and children could shake off the dread that his returning footsteps might bring him to smouldering ruins and the charred remains of dear ones. Life was a burthen, to be flung off with joy but for the interests of others bound up in it. Amid such scenes did the fathers lay the founda tions of our goodly town, and many of our richest bless ings are due to the heroic spirit that could endure and grow strong by battling with adversity. With the downfall of King Phillip, in 1676, sank the last great Indian power in New England, Peace is now assured, and under her fostering influences the West Farms receive fresh life. The next year Joshua Abel removes from Dedham hither, and establishes himself at the foot of the hill, directly below our present church. Benjamin and John Armstrong, Nathaniel Rudd and others follow rapidly, and the place soon begins to wear the air of civilization. Before 1690, crops of grain wave over many a field but lately torn from the embrace of the forest, wood-paths have expanded into highways — one leading to Portipaug, one up the central valley and over Middle hill, and another along the long and elevated crest, then known as Little Lebanon — and the victories of civili zation over barbarism appear on every hand. A glance at the surrounding country will, perhaps, place the antiquity of the West Farms in clearer light. While they already boast a thriving and populous community, rapidly extend ing their conquests over nature, other ancient towns that hold early and honorable place in the annals of the State, have not yet come into existence. Windham is still Nau- besetuck, or, at most, contains but a single log cabin, and Lebanon is an unbroken wilderness. Even over the nine miles square, save about the Town Plot, there are else where only a few straggling settlers. In this vicinity Franklin claims an actual history, antedated only by the settlement at the Town Plot. Each returning year brings its additions to the popula tion. Among others, one after another, the names of Hyde, Birchard, Edgerton, Smith, Waterman, Hunt ington, Tracy, Royce, Gager and Mason are added to the list, all sons or connected with the first pro prietors, and so many links to bind more closely together the communities of the Town Plot and the West Farms, though, in fact, they are already as one people, gathering in the same church, forming a single civil body, and marching forth shoulder to shoulder wherever the duties •of those warlike days might call. Indeed, until the final separation in 1786, though to a less degree after the for mation of this Society, the history of Franklin is to be found in the history of Norwich. Her inhabitants consti tute no small portion of the body politic, have a voice in all civil matters, bear off their portion of the offices and their full share of the heavy burthens consequent upon early citizenship. If their history be merged in the his tory of the older and larger town, we must not forget that they have a history,^ nay, occupy an important place in the annals of the period. Yet, in face of these blending influences, it will not 19 seem strange that the people of the West Farms should Soon tire of a straggling existence upon the outskirts of a distant society, and long for greater independence. After several years of fruitless effort, their wishes are at length gratified by permission, in 1716, to organize a separate Ecclesiastical Society. But, before passing to the new organization, shall we hastily glance at this locality a cen tury and a half ago? It is jocularly called the " Place of the Seven Hills," and though most of their different names have long been in disuse, the hills still tower up in silent witness of the peculiar fitness of the term. On the east stands Portipaug hill, flanked on one side by Pleasure hill and on the other by Hearthstone hill, so called from its excellent hearthstones ; from the center rises Center or Middle (now Great) hill, noted for its Dragon's Hole* and the picturesqueness of the surrounding scenery ; west * We subjoin the following description of this natural curiosity from a manu script account by Rev. Dr. Nott. " August 5, 1800, I went, in company with Rev. John Ellis and four students, to view the Dragon's Hole. The ascent of the mountain from the east is laborious for about a quarter of a mile. The mouth of the cavern is between two ledges of rocks, that on the right being about 35 feet in height and the left one about 20. The space between them is about 30 feet, and covered with rocks of various shapes and sizes thrown together in such a manner as to bring to mind those lines more celebrated for wit than piety — ' Nature, having spent all her store, ' Heaped up rocks — she could do no more.' The descent from the general surface of those promiscuous rocks to the mouth of the cavern is about 10 feet. The first room, which is something in the form of a parallelogram, is 12 feet in length, 9 in breadth, and 6 in height. The passage from the first to the second room is 9 feet long, 3 1-2 high, and 2 wide. The second room is not so large. Its length is 9 1-2 feet, wid^th 4, and height 6 feet. From the second room there is an opening to two others, one on the right, the other on the left. The one on the right is 5 feet high, 7 1-2 long, and 3 1-2 wide. The room on the left is 5 feet high, 9 long, and 4 wide. From this there is a narrow passage on the left into which my son entered, 12 feet in length and 2 in width. From one extremity of the cavern to the other is about 40 feet." 20 of Middle is what is now known as Meeting House hill, looming up above its neighbors, in seeming forgetfulness of the doubtful honor of the sobriquet of Misery hill, sometimes applied to its southern terminus ; beyond this lies Little Lebanon, and still farther west, Blue hill com pletes the mystic seven. To one gazing off from this Meeting House hill, or journeying hence in different directions, the prospect is essentially that which greets the eye to-day. True, the roads are not so easy, or the lands so smooth, or the dwellings so comfortable and commodious as now. Blackened stumps still protrude from many a clearing. The log cabin has not yet begun its westward march, and occasionally a wigwam peeps out from some sunny nook, or Ashbow and his clan are seen pursuing their game across the fields. No church spire bids the dwellers in these valleys lift their thoughts toward heaven. No grave-yard whitens yonder plain. Nor are there school houses yet at every turn. New England's mighty enginery, destined in the course of time to revolutionize the world. Perhaps one of us transported back to this early day would be struck most by the Great Pine Swamp, an immense extent of pines skirting the eastern base of Meeting House hill, and spreading out through the whole length and breadth of the valley. Yet, after all, the changes which these hundred and fifty years have wrought, are not so great that we should fail to recognize our honored town or cease to feel at home within her borders. The cultivated lands are, mainly, the same as now ; the farm houses occupy the same positions ; nay, if we knock for entrance, a cordial welcome awaits us from the grand fathers and great-grandfathers of those who preside over the self same hearths to-day. Starting near the Society line and going north, the traveler first passes the residence !''bjrG£Periiie-. rev: sa}£UE]_: NO' i^ASrCROFTHE :Ot-!r.RE'".A^ r 21 of Capt. Joseph Tracy, a grandson of Lieut. Thomas Tracy, and ancestor of the late Dr. Philemon Tracy, If he chances to take the Portipaug road he will soon pass the residence of Serj. Nathaniel Rudd; then that of Samuel Hartshorne, situated upon the spot occupied by successive generations of the family to the present day ; next that of Lieut. Thomas Hazen, under the family name till recently ; and at the head of the lane, upon the right, the homestead of Dr. David Hartshorne, father of Samuel Hartshorne below, the first physician of the society, and a most exemplary man ; he then passes successively, the houses of Benjamin and John Arm strong ; and if he still keeps to the right he will pass the place of Capt. John Fillmore, ancestor of President Fillmore, and noted for his encounter with the pirates ; and, near by, the residence of Samuel Griswold ; and finally cross the Shetucket at Elderkin's (now Lord's) bridge, near which lives John Elderkin, and are located the saw and gristmill for that section ; or, taking the left hand road, winding around through Portipaug, he passes, among others, the places of Increase Mosely, Doctor John Sabin, and Joseph Ayer and his son Joseph ; and climbing upon Pleasure hill, finds there the farms of Jacob Hyde and David Ladd. Returning to the start ing point and following the Windham road, our traveler passes at Rudd hill what soon became the residence of Nathaniel Rudd, Jr. ; soon observes at a short distance upon the right, that of the ist Thomas Hyde, and a little farther off that of John Pember, afterwards society sexton, as were his son and grandson after him ; and still farther on in that direction, upon Birchard's plain, the residence of James Birchard ; reaches at the foot of Middle hill the house of Joshua Abell, and, climbing the hill by the old and tortuous way, the more direct 22 route being yet unopened, passes on the ascent John Badger, at the top, the Kingsbury Mansion, and so successively, Serj, Winslow Tracy, William Hogskin, John Gager, Jonathan Hartshorne, a brother of David, Joseph Downer and Joseph Reynolds, Returning south ward and journeying up Lebanon road, our traveler first passes the home of Serj, Obadiah Smith, and still farther along, at the foot of Little Lebanon hill, that of Jabez Hyde, first clerk of the society ; ascending the hill, that of Samuel Crocker, from whom that portion of the hill now takes its name ; at the top of the hill, the Huntington mansion, then occupied by Christopher Huntington ; farther on, John Tracy ; next, Joseph Edgerton ; and farther on, at the other end of the hill, the first Jeremiah Mason, Returning into West Farms by the Blue hill road, he passes on Blue hill the farms of Samuel Pettis, Serj, Israel Lathrop and Ebeneezer Johnson ; then, descending through the Hollow, and passing the mill of Thomas Sluman, and on the ascent, the farm of the mysterious Micah Rood, he finds on the brow of Meeting House hill, the Capt, John Lothrup place, and still farther on, in front of our present parson age, the then Arnold place, afterwards occupied by Rev, Henry Willes, and upon the opposite corner, the dwell ing of Benjamin Peck, Nor are these all. During his tour the dwellings of many others have caught his eye, some of them not unknown to us, though of less interest to the present generation, the rest long since forgotten. More than once, perhaps, in his walk, he has been startled by the warning of the rattlesnake ; or, if his visit fall in springtime, urged to join in the annual expeditions against these terrible pests of the settlement,* Lingering awhile, * Rattlesnakes were for many years the pest of the settlement. It is said that they nearly frightened away the first settler at Portipaug by their frequent 23 he will find ample chance for nobler sport in the frequent forays against the bears and wolves, still numerous enough to endanger the safety of the herds. Would that in his stead we might tarry for a time, and, gathering round some cheerful hearth, observe the homely, though genial customs of the day, learn of the topics that interest our sturdy sires, and be quickened in fidelity to conviction, by the story of their own and their fathers' heroic struggles to maintain the truth. It will be seen from this survey, that the West Farms are at length fully prepared for a more independent exis tence. They now number nearly fifty families,* and the burthens of connection with a society whose center is so distant are far greater than would be those of maintaining a separate organization, while the benefits are correspond ingly less. As early as 1610 the discontent with the existing arrangement creates a strong desire for a new township, and finds actual expression in a petition to the town for leave to organize a separate society. For some reason no definite action is taken upon this petition. But six years later the project is crowned with success. On the nineteenth of September, 1716, the inhabitants of the town of Norwich agree in general town meeting, " that the West Farmers be allowed to be a society by themselves, "t The next step is to secure incorporation by the General Assembly, and to this end the following petition is preferred to that body : — visits to his cabin. For a long time a large bounty was offered for their destruction, and several of the early days of May were annually devoted to hunting them. * Several families are known to have been here at this time who are unrep resented on the petition to the General Assembly. f Upon ye petition of ye West Farmers in Nowich, pleading to be a society by themselves, the inhabitants now met in general Town meeting, September 19th, 1716. And having considered sd Petition, do agree yt ye sd West 24 To the Honour^'" the Govern'", Council & Representatives in General Court, assembled at New Haven, Octo ber nth, 1716. May it please y"" Hon''^ We, the inhabitants of the town of Norwich, comonly called the West Farmers of Norwich, Having obtained the consent of sd town, to be a distinct society, after having the allowance of this Hon^'" Court ; as appears by their vote dated Septemb'' 19th, 1716, Do now pray y'^ Hon''^ to grant and constitute us a distinct society, according to the line agreed upon in the above referred to vote, with those privileges and imunities, which to y'^ wisdom shall seem needful to the promoting the end of our being a separate society. And herein we have great hopes of the favor of this Hon^'® Assembly, forasmuch as the flourishing of re ligion is our only motive, upon the publick institutions of which it is scarce possible for us to attend in Norwich, being several of us seven or eight & but two or three within four miles of the place of publick worship. And to this application to y' Hon" we are also encour aged by the smiles of Providence in increasing our inhab itants to the number of above forty families & trust that by the continuance of the same divine favour we shall increase yet much more, & especially, if we have the smiles of heaven to incline y'^ Hon" to grant this, our hum ble request, which will remove the great discouragement to sober inhabitants settling among us. Y"" Petitioners shall ever Pray, &c. Farmers be allowed to be a society by themselves, destinct from ye Town Plot. [The bounds of sd society ; to begin at the mouth of Beaver brook, then by a line to Doct. Hartshorne's house, thence to Scotch Cap gate, then to ye river, then by ye river to Lebanon line and by Lebanon to Shoatuck (Shetucket) river, by ye river to ye first station.] A True Coppy of Record, Test : R. BUSHNELL, Clerk. 25 Daniel Wicom, John Elderkin, Jun"^, lucres Mosely, Thomas Wood, John Waterman, Thomas Hazzen, Obadiah Smith, Israll Lothrup, Joseph Kingsbery, Jun"", Ebeneezer Johnson, Joseph Baker, Joseph Downer, Jr., Joseph Downer, Johnathan Hartshorne, Johnathan Roice, Thomas Hide, Thomas Hazzen, Benjamin Armstrong, Samuel Raymond, John Armstrong, John Johnson, Jacob Hazzen, Joseph Edgerton, Christopher Huntington, Daniel Rockwell, John Hazen, Tho : Stoder, Samuel Edgerton, Joseph Kingsbery, Winslow Tracy, Nathaniel Badger, John Badger, Joseph Renalls, Jun"", Samuel Lad, Nathaniel Lad, david Lad, Thomas Sluman, Samuel Hide, Jur, Joseph Ayer, Joseph Ayer, Jr., Johnathan Lad, ' Sims Langly. This petition is readily sanctioned by the legislature, and our society therefore dates its existence from October, 1716, it being the second society organized in the old nine miles square, and so designated till the division of the town in 1786. At first its territorial limits were quite extensive. In addition to most of the present town of Franklin, it also embraced the western half of the present town of Sprague, and the eastern part of New Concord, afterwards known as Bozrah, in all about three times its • extent at the abolition of the territorial jurisdictions of ecclesiastical societies. Measures are at once taken to put the new society into. active operation. The first meeting is held November 26 1st ; Serj. Nathaniel Rudd, Lieut. Thomas Hazen and Serj, Obadiah Smith, are chosen society committee, and Jabez Hide (by a remarkable coincidence direct ancestor of our present clerk) society clerk ; it is voted to proceed to the erection of a church edifice ; to call a minister, and, till the building is ready, to meet for divine worship at pri vate dwellings. The services thus held alternate between the houses of James Birchard and Dr. David Hartshorne. Meanwhile, work upon the new edifice is pushed forward as rapidly as possible. The timber is felled upon the hill, and the frame set up near by, " down att ye walnut bush where ye path comes up ye hill," and in the locality occu pied by the two following churches. The land was the gift of Joshua Abel. But with the limited means at the command of the society, progress is necessarily slow, and it is not till the next summer that the building receives its outside covering and floors ; this done, the pulpit and seats of the old church at the Town Plot are pro cured for temporary use, and the first services held within its walls. During the warm weather up to this time, the congregation had gathered in Benjamin Peck's barn. Hungering for the living truth, they stripped off" the dry husks of form, having not yet learned the faith which feeds upon external things alone. Two years after, the lower portion of the house is finished off", and in 1729 galleries are added, when the edifice, slowly erected out of scanty means by sacrifice and self-denial, can, at length, be pro nounced complete. The early gatherings in private dwellings and the unfinished church, are under the exclusive control of the society. It is not till the second Wednesday of October, 1 71 8, one Hundred and Fifty years ago to-day, on oc casion of the ordination of Rev. Henry Willes, that a church is organized as co-ordinate with the society in the 27 management of religious affairs.* This society, therefore, is two years older than the church connected with it — not an uncommon occurrence in the early history of our State. The society supplies the more material elements which come first in point of time. Being an incorporate body, it can purchase and hold property, and is especially designed to provide a place for public worship and to defray the cost of maintaining the gospel ordinances therein, matters which the church, a body unrecognized at law, cannot well arrange, though they are of the first importance. Naturally, then, the organization of a society is the first step, and frequently, in primitive days, the church was not gathered till long afterward ; the society maintained all the ordinances except the com munion and baptism, for which the people had to resort to some neighboring church. Thus, for instance, in Lyme the society ranked some thirty years prior to the church. But other concerns besides the building of a meeting * We subjoin the following petition extracted from the Archives of Con necticut. To the Honbt^ Gurdon Saltonstall, Governr in and over his Ma^^ colloney of Connecticut in New England. And .... The Honb^s the councill and the Representatives in General Court Assembled at Hartford this eighth of May, 1718. The Humble Petition of the Inhabitants of that Part of Norwich which is called or ... . known by the name of West Farmers within the Colloney of Connecticut Aforesaid, Humbly Sheweth. That whereas this HonWe Court at their Session at New Haven In ye month of October In ye year 1716, In answer to ye petition, To us sd Inhabitants Did Grant us Liberty to be a society by ourselves, which Petition or Liberty being granted, we have Invited The Rev"* Mr. Henry Willes to preach ye gos pel Amongst us ; who having been with us some time on probation — we have now mutually agreed with him In order to settlement Amongst us In the work of The Ministry. Signed in ye behalf of ye Society, David Hartshorne, Thomas Sluman. Wherefore we, your most Humble Petitioners, crave and earnestly desire this HonM« Court's Ap probation And Consent to proceed to ordination, and an allowance to Imbody ourselves Into Church Estate. 28 house and engagement of a pastor demand immediate attention. In former days the interests of education were entrusted to the care of the different societies, and with the happiest results. The same conscientious fidelity to duty which impelled our fathers to maintain the ordinances of religion at any sacrifice, impelled them also to stud the land with school houses, that an intelligent faith might be within grasp of all, and that the state might be planted on the sure foundation of popular education. One of the first acts of the society relates to a society school. This school is located upon Meeting House hill and kept open six months of the year. A portion of the cost is defrayed by the state, but the society also contributes freely, voting annually to this object twenty-five or thirty pounds. Yet the best endeavors could provide the youth of that day with no royal road to learning. However able the in structor, or diligent the scholar, the want of cheap and systematic text books was a formidable barrier to high attainment. Not infrequently the teacher owned the only arithmetic or grammar to be found in the school. In this society the distant scholars encountered the additional obstacle of a walk of three or four miles morn ing and night. This inconvenience led, in 1727, to the division of the society into four school districts ; Porti paug, Upper Windham road. Lower Windham road and Lebanon road. But the population was too scanty for the maintenance of separate schools, and the division re mained inoperative till, in 1 729, this difficulty was curiously obviated by a school which traveled from district to dis trict, keeping six weeks in each. This migratory school proved a complete success. All were delighted with it, and for many seasons the pedagogue continued his itin erant sway. Still other matters press upon the attention from the 29 very outset, some of them trivial in themselves, though highly important as illustrations of the extensive functions of the early societies. Thus, our own society had dele gated to it additional powers which resembled those of our present town government. While it could impose taxes upon the entire community and had control of schools, its records show that it also engaged in such civil affairs as the laying out of highways, and even went so far as to build a public pound. Burying grounds were also under its charge, and the society early took care to provide a suitable cemetery. The spot selected was upon "the playne "* where Benjamin Peck had previously buried a daughter. This ground, twice afterward en larged, is the one in use at the present day. For many years it was the only regular cemetery in the society, though a few graves were dug, at an early day, upon a sandy knoll jutting into the Great Pine Swamp, and now commonly called the Indian Burying Ground. All in all, for the first few years the young society flourished finely. The tide of prosperity, however, could not flow on forever, and in 1734 tbe current changes. That year the General Assembly permit the people of New Concord (the western part of the society) to procure preaching by themselves, and two years later incorporate them into a distinct society. Deprived thereby of a fifth of her territory, the parent society resists the movement vigorously, and, could she have foreseen the endless troubles destined to follow in its train, would, doubtless, have staked her all upon the issue ; for this secession proved the first cause of twenty years of the most turbu lent commotion, and of a second more vital change. The society had, by this time, outgrown the first chUrch, which The Plain was then usually called " Birchard's Plain.'' 30 was probably a rude affair, and were nearly agreed upon the propriety of building a new one, when the withdrawal of New Concord gave an unexpected turn to the matter. Before her withdrawal the church had stood in the exact center of the society, but now it was thrown a mile to one side, and this trifling change proved sufficient to develop a bitter controversy as to the location of the new church, and to arouse an ^tna of feeling which twenty years were powerless to assauge. About half of the society contend for the old location, while the other half strenuously main tain that the new building ought to stand farther east, in the real center. It is voted to build upon the old spot, rescinded, voted again, and then, as a temporary com promise, to repair and enlarge the present building ; but this proposition shares the fate of the rest, and at the end of several years of constant agitation, the society finds itself at a perfect standstill. Finally, as the only egress, a majority petition the General Assembly for a committee to come and settle the disputed point. The committee sent in response to this petition, visit West Farms in the fall of 1 741, spend two days in hearing the opposing parties, and report : " (i). That it is necessary that a new meeting house should be erected in said society ; (2), that it will best accommodate the greater part of the people there, and tend most to peace to have the same built on the hill where the old meeting house stands, and as follows, viz. : that the south-westerly corner be laid about twenty feet west of an old chestnut stub yt is about forty feet from the southwest corner of the old meeting house, and to extend toward ye old meeting house in ye length as far as may be convenient, and to the northward of sd stump in ye width." This report meets the approval of the legislature, and the society is directed to build upon the spot selected. Though the disputed points have now been authorita- 31 tively settled, the troubles are by no means at an end. Old jealousies and animosities still lurk behind, and render the erection of the new edifice as difficult as was the se lection of the spot on which it should stand. The sound ing board used to bear in bold, black figures, the date of 174s, but the reports of the clerk to the General Assembly show that it was not completed till after 1747. Not a few of the audience will readily recall this second church, with its immense sounding board, the wonder of boyish days, its double row of high backed pews running around the sides, and enclosing in the center two tiers of slips, between which ran the broad main aisle, leading up to the Deacons' Seat, and the little antique pulpit, cush ioned with gray and hung round with long, black tassels, that used to sway in the summer wind like a pall. In the center were seated the aged people, husbands and wives on opposite sides, while the younger families gathered in the surrounding pews, and the young unmarried people ranged themselves in pert, prim rows in either gallery, the men on the right and the women on the left. Behind these were the wall pews of the galleries, so lofty that their chance occupants seemed, as it were, suspended in huge boxes from the ceiling. Conspicuous in front was the Deacons' Seat, and high above it the pulpit, from which for many years successive pastors had proclaimed the word of life. All was plain, simple, and tinged, per haps, with a sombre air. The church was plain, the people were plain, and the message of the preacher fell with a plain earnestness that went direct to every heart. Alto gether, it was a fair type of the puritan congregation as it had earlier existed over all New England, and yet a con gregation how worthy of imitation in their devout attention, and their religious zeal, that worked like leaven through the entire community, bringing «'rr)/ man, woman 32 and child unto the house of God, and fairly realizing the words of ancient writ, " All the people praised the Lord." But hark, the roll of a drum announces the approaching hour of worship, and along the converging roads the people may be seen climbing to the sanctuary. From the South, the Hydes, Hartshornes, Rudds and Rogerses ; from the East, the Barkers, Fillmores, Ayreses, Ladds, Elderkins, Birchards, Armstrongs and Pembers ; from the North, the Kingsburys, Edgertons, Badgers, Downers, Gagers, Barstows and Tracys ; from the West, the Hunt- ingtons, Johnsons, Slumans, Roods, Lathrops, Crockers, Pettises, Tracys and Masons are drawing near. The men on horseback with their wives behind them, the children and poorer people on foot, slowly and thoughtfully are wending their way to the house of God. As they approach, glance at them. The men are arrayed in pow dered wigs, ruffled shirts, elaborately embroidered waist coats with white lappels, knee breeches, silk stockings and silver buckled shoes. Their wives; with hair piled up " in curls on curls before and mounted to a formidable tower " appear entirely in garments of domestic fabrica tion, cut in a manner betokening an eye in their wearers for the prevailing fashion, which certainly will compare favorably in capriciousness with post-colonial days. En tering, in either corner is posted a tything man, with long slender rod in hand, to preserve order, while the deacons are already standing in their conspicuous pew. But see, the drum has ceased its roll, and the pastor approaches across the green, and with slow and measured step enters the church. Instantly all noise is hushed, the deacons quietly and reverently take their seats, the tything men lay aside their rods, and the congregation waits in order for the opening of the service. Rev. Mr. Willes calls out the number of a Hymn and reads : — 33 " Hierusalem, my happy home ! When shall I come to thee ! When shall my sorrowes have an end, Thy joyes when shall I see? " Immediately Deacon Kingsbury, (as books were not abundant at that day), "deacons off" the line, Artemus Downer, the schoolmaster, strikes up some favorite tune, and the entire congregation, young and old, perhaps with not the best of harmony, but yet with earnest tones, respond — " Hierusalem, my happy home ! When shall I come to thee ! " The hymn concluded, the people rise and stand during the prayer that follows. This finished, they resume their seats, the pastor sets up his hour glass, announces his text, and reads on from a cramped and dingy manuscript till the sands are run, to the great edification of his hearers, who listen with unabstracted gaze, save when the tything man, Judah Smith, comes up the aisle to reprove Talatha Morgan for " laughing and playing,"* A short prayer * To Ebenr Hartshorne, of Norwich, in New London County, one of his Majesty's Justices of the peace for sd county, comes Judah Smith of sd Norwich, one of the Tything men chosen by ye sd Town of Norwich for ye west Society in said Norwich, and Informs and upon oath presents that Talatha Morgan of sd Norwich, single woman, Did on ye 24th day of Feb ruary last, it being ye Sabbath or Lord's day, prophane sd Lord's day in ye meeting house in ye west society in ye time of ye forenoon service on sd day by her Rude and Indecent Behaviour in Laughing and playing in ye time of sd service, which Doings of ye sd Talatha is against ye peace of our Sovereign Lord, the King, his Crown and Dignity, and contrary to the Statute in such case made and provided. Dated at Norwich, ye 19th Day of April, A. D. 1747, and in ye 20th year of his Majesty's Reign. Take for evidences, Judah Smith, Tything Man, Cibel Waterman ye wife of Ebenr Waterman, Jun' , and Judah Smith. Both of sd Norwich. 1747, April 28, the above named Talatha Morgan appeared personally and pleaded guilty to ye above presentment, and sentenced to pay a fine £0, 3, o, and £0, I, o, cost for her above transgression, by me ye above named Justice. which fine and cost is paid. 34 follows the sermon, ending in the benediction, the closing word of which has barely fallen from the pastor's lips, when, from his corner, the tything man cries in sharp, quick tones, " James Elderkin and Betty Waterman intend marriage;" and so the congregation break up, and wend their way homeward, to meditate upon the lessons of the sermon, though some, perhaps, to wonder why and when Miss Betty Waterman is to become Mrs. James Elderkin, And here we will linger a moment over a custom long since abandoned ; the custom of seating the church. In early times, the expenses of the society were met by a direct tax, instead of a levy on the pews and slips, and these were consequently free. But to preserve the gravity and decorum of the assembly, to secure the nearer and conspicuous seats for aged listeners, and to prevent assur ance from pushing aside honest worth, a committee was annually appointed to assign permanent seats to the con gregation, in accordance with their ideas of propriety, though in conformity to the general rule of " age and estate." This office of virtually pronouncing upon the worth and respectability of the different members of the community was no enviable one, and many were the jealousies enkindled by it, not infrequently resulting in sev eral seatings of the church before a satisfactory one could be obtained. It is related that a certain worthy individual, entering the society under unfavorable prejudices, was assigned an obscure seat in a remote corner, and, that though he afterwards proved a most valuable acquisition to the society, he always clung to his humble seat, to the great discomfiture of the committee who had put so low an estimate upon his worth. "Very fortunately, a number of the reports of these committees have been preserved, and we are thereby 35 furnished with the exact arrangement of the congrega tions of a century ago. These seatings also show us, seated side by side, year after year, the immediate ancestors of such a galaxy of distinguished men as probably few other country towns in the land can boast of as her own. Here were habitually seated the ancestors of Hon. Millard Fillmore, late President of the United States ; the father and grandfather of Hon. Uriah Tracy, United States Senator from Connecticut and President of the Senate ; the ancestors of Hon. L. F. S. Foster, United States Senator from Connecticut and also President of the Senate ; of Hon. Jeremiah Mason, United States Senator from New Hampshire ; of the Hon. Abel Huntington, Uri Tracy, Phineas L. Tracy and Albert H. Tracy, mem bers of Congress from the State of New York ; of Hon. Alfred P. Edgerton, member of Congress from Indiana ; of Hon. John Tracy, Lieut. Governor of New York ; of Hon. Ephraim H. Hyde, present Lieut. Governor of Connecticut ; of Rev. Azel Backus, Pres't of Hamilton college ; of Rev. Charles Backus, Professor of Divinity in Yale college ; and of several other distinguished members of the clerical profession, as well as of many more who have attained honorable eminence in the different walks of life. These persons were generally to the manor born, but when otherwise, their ancestral homes can all be pointed within our territorial limits and most of them have blood relatives in our midst. It is a favorite theme of congratulation among the sons of Connecticut, that their state has given birth to so many of the men who have been prominent in the history of the nation ; and surely, no town of our extent, in this grand old state of Connecticut, can furnish a prouder list than our own. Our society, then, may well rejoice that she has helped to form the characters of men who have been 36 so potent in moulding our country's destiny, and that through them her humble influence has been felt through out the length and breadth of the land. We have already stated that the action of the committee sent out by the General Assembly in 1741, failed to quiet the troubled elements of the society. The feelings and convictions of the contending parties were too firm to be easily yielded, and the eastern party, believing as they did, that their rights had been wholly ignored, became even more dicontented than before. The next year, 1742, a large number of memorialists, headed by John Durkee and Jacob Hyde, petition the General Assembly, saying that the church now being erected by the Assem bly's order, is unjustly located on one side of the society, at an unreasonable distance from their homes, and that the inconvenience of journeying thither to church will be far greater than the burthen of maintaining a separate organ ization, and praying, therefore, for liberty to withdraw and form a separate society. The Assembly, unwilling to reflect upon the action of its committee, negative the petition. Nothing daunted, two years after, the same memorialists prefer the same petition, and again fail. Two petitions sent in in 1745 from the north-eastern and south-eastern parts of the society, meet a similar fate. But the popular mind is too deeply roused to be disheart ened by these continued rebuff's, and the next year sixty voters renew the petition, and this time so far prevail that Jonathan Trumble, John Ledyard and Christopher Avery are sent out to West Farms to adjust their difficulties. The efforts of this committee prove ineffectual, though after their visit the controversy takes an unexpected turn. Thomas Dennison, an itinerant preacher, had entered the society some time before, and in the prevailing distraction gathered a goodly number of disciples. What his par- J.A.o:^^elIL. k t OF FRANKLIN, CONN TO^. rOB.TYTEAB.S, IK COMMI SSIOW, IN THE MILITAB_T SERVICE 37 ticular tenets were, is uncertain, but it is evident that he added fresh fuel to the strife, and contributed in no small degree to the change which it assumed soon after his arrival. It seems that Rev. Henry Willes stood upon the Cambridge Platform of 1608, in which we may presume he received the tacit support of the society, as no opposi tion to his views had ever appeared. Of a sudden, how ever, we find half of the society in arms against their pastor for his adhesion to the Cambridge Platform, and the other half as zealous in his support. The old proposition for a division, which doubtless lay at the bottom of this theo logical war, now starts up in a new form. In 1748 the General Assembly is petitioned to divide West Farms into two societies, one to be planted on the Cambridge, the other on the Saybrook Platform. In response to this novel memorial, a committee is sent out, who recommend no change. Four years later, another committee is sent out for the same object, and with the same result. The society had now for fifteen years been engaged in uninter rupted strife, during which the arbitration of the legisla ture had been continually invoked, but always with unsat isfactory results, and both parties wisely concluded that their troubles, if ever settled, must be settled by them selves and not by the interference of a higher power. Accordingly, we find no more petitions to the General Assembly. Yet the bitterness and ill will, the discord and dissension, are in no wise at an end. For a while the seceders, being in the minority, accomplish no visible result. But after a few years the majority apparently become convinced that separation alone can restore peace and tranquillity, and in March, 1758, consent to the for mation of a new society, provided a boundary line and the number of inhabitants to be setoff, can be agreed upon. Such is the testy temper, however, that it is as difficult to 3 38 agree upon the boundary line as it has been upon sep aration, and it is not till 1761 that this point can be arranged, when, upon the 23d of March, a line is at length fixed upon.* These proceedings receive the ready sanc tion of the legislature, and the new society is incorporated as the Norwich Eighth or Portipaug society. Thus, after twenty years of constant strife, at length dawned peace. These years may be called, emphatically, the stormy period in the history of our society. Before, as after, its proceedings were invariably marked by har mony and unanimity, but during the interval there was a display of feeling unparalleled for bitterness and persist ency in the ecclesiastical annals of Connecticut. The issue was doubtless best for all concerned, for the existing breach was too wide to be ever healed. Yet the loss to our society in territory and numbers was a serious one. New Concord and the Eighth Society combined, stripped her of over half of her territory, and quite half of her grand list. * " The dividing line shall be as follows ; to begin in the Dividing Line between the first society in sd Norwich and sd west society at such a place that to run to the Grist Mill of Mr. Timothy Ayer, will pass near the south side of the Dwelling House of David Ladd, then from sd Grist Mill to the Dwelling House of Mr John Squire in sd society, then the same course to sd Norwich Town Line." Petition to the Legislature. The signers of this petition were ; — Joseph Bingham, John Fillmore, Joseph Tenney, Joseph Rudd, Joseph Hide, Saml Badger, Daniel Ladd, Jabez Rous, Benajah Sabin, James Elderkin, Saml Raymond, Eliphalet Fox, Asa Armstrong, David Lad, Simon Abel, Saml Kingsley, Andrew French, Saml Ladd, Junr, Jeremiah Armstrong, Alpheus Abell, Wm. Brett, Joseph Ayre, Jr., Johnathan Pitcher, Benja Armstrong, Simon Chapman, Thomas Hazen, John Kingsley, Ephraim Brett. Ezekiel Ladd, Joseph Ayer, John Barker, Jacob Hide, Jr., John Squire, Abner Ladd, Barnabus Lothrup, Timothy Ayer, Richard Haskin, Josiah Wood, Leander Lothrup, Simon Peck, Daniel Story, 39 Scarcely are domestic troubles at an end, when public calamities break upon the land, and the men of our society are called upon to shoulder arms. Through the French war and the long and toilsome Revolution that followed, they shrank not from their share of the heavy burthens. As Connecticut was first among the states in her contribu tions of men and money, as Norwich was second to no town in Connecticut, so West Farms, an integral por tion of the old town of Norwich, met manfully the duties of those trying days. Having then no political existence, her deeds were swallowed up in those of the larger com munity to which she was attached, and hence receive little mention in the local histories. Her volunteers marched forth as Norwich volunteers; as citizens of Norwich, her inhabitants met the heavy levies which the necessities of the time so often imposed. Why may we not, then, also claim a share in the laurels which Norwich won ? But we may also point with pride to particular individuals. Our society can boast of having furnished, perhaps, the only chaplain. Rev. John Ellis, who remained in the war from its beginning to its close. Mr. Ellis hastened to join the army at Roxbury, in the fall of 1775, and faithfully followed it through all its vicissitudes, especially doing much to cheer the drooping spirits of his comrades during the long and gloomy winter at Valley Forge. Here Lieut. Jacob Kingsbury began his long and honorable military career, serving with distinction during the entire seven years of the war. Captains Asa Hartshorne, Ebenezer Hartshorne and Joshua Barker were also in the army for different periods, while upon the water. West Farms was well represented by the exploits of Captain James Hyde. Dr. Luther Waterman was attached as surgeon to the forces under Colonel Knowlton in the campaign of 1776. 40 The close of the Revolution left the society in a greatly embarrassed condition. During its progress she had con tributed freely of her men and means, entering into the contest with such absorbing enthusiasm as left no room for the consideration of private or local interests, and at its close she found herself utterly prostrated, her school houses decayed, the education of her sons neglected, (says Dr. Nott, " so far as I can recollect, there was not a man that pretended to understand grammar or geography,") her farms run to weeds, and her people heavily loaded with debt. At no time in her history had her prospects been more wretched. A fortunate concurrence of circum stances, however, soon placed her upon her feet, and restored her wonted prosperity. In 1782, Rev. Samuel Nott, at the unanimous request of both church and society, was settled as their pastor. Mr. Nott was a wise, judicious man, eminently fitted to harmonize any discord ant feeling which might exist, and fitted by his energy to infuse fresh life into the prevailing stagnation. Another happy event was the incorporation of the West and Eighth societies as a separate town, which severed the connection of West Farms with Norwich, and ensured a more efficient management of local affairs than they had before received. Perhaps too much praise cannot be bestowed upon the efforts of Rev. Mr. Nott to ameliorate the condition of his people. Scrupulously faithful in the discharge of pastoral duties, he also did a vast deal toward the education of the younger members of his parish, affording them opportuni ties of which they gladly availed themselves. During his long ministry more than forty young men were fitted for college under his care, twenty of them belonging to this town, and " between two and three hundred gentle men, ladies or children " were educated in whole or in 41 part.'''" As an instructor, Dr. Nott was popular and singularly successful, and Franklin became the place where quite a galaxy of distinguished men received their education. Here were gathered under his charge at different times, Dr. Eliphalet Nott, President of Union college, the brilliant but erratic General Wm. Eaton, Lieut. Gov. Tracy, of New York, and many others who have since achieved distinguished success in the different walks of life. Though moving in a humble sphere, Dr. Nott, by means of his teachings and wholesome counsels, wielded a power for good in the land which it has been the privilege of few to surpass. It was mainly due to his influence that the Franklin Library was established, in 1794, an institution which flourished for forty years and furnished, for the times, a good collection of miscellaneous works. Under these different salutary influences the society rapidly retrieved her lost ground, and by the beginning of the present century was, perhaps, as flourish ing as ever. During the present century the society has witnessed few changes. At its commencement she had attained a settled state, and since then her affairs have flowed on smoothly and prosperously, but so quietly that few marked events arrest the attention. One after another, of her ex tended civil powers have dropped from her grasp, so that she is now a purely voluntary organization, but the loss is more than compensated by the steadily increasing pros perity of her community, and we may safely say that her condition was never more hopeful than to-day. The lib erality of former members and friends has also helped to to build up her walls, and we cannot pass on without a tribute to their memory. Deacon Dyer McCall died May * Dr. Nott's Half Century Sermon. 42 19th, 1838, crowning a life of benevolence by bequeath ing the bulk of his fortune to various charitable organiza tions, of which this society was the recipient of one quarter, a sum amounting to Two Thousand dollars. Eleven years later his wife, Lucy, dying, added a similar sum to the fund of the society.* In 1838, also. Miss "Yelina Sanford bequeathed her entire estate to the society, thereby adding another thousand to its funds. In 1863, Ezra Chappel, Esq., of New London, a gentleman of whole- souled benevolence, generously stayed our hands in a time of difficulty by contributing Fifteen Hundred dollars for building purposes. In this connection we cannot omit to mention David Edgerton who died in 1768, leaving all his real estate forever to be improved for schooling youth in this society to the latest generation. Mr. Edgerton was a strong pillar of the society in his own day, and the rich blessings flowing from his gift are a proud monument to the wisdom and foresight of the giver. Joshua Abel was another donor to the society, he having given the ground on which our first three churches stood. Let us ever hold in grateful remembrance the memory of these different benefactors, the fruits of whose benevolence we enjoy to-day, and whose charity, the noblest of all human qualities, certainly entitles them to the highest place in our calendar. But the different churches afford the surest landmarks for denoting the successive epochs of our history. The second church, erected in 1745, battled from its bleak eminence with storms and winds for nearly a century, but finally had to yield, and, in 1836, gave wa}' to a more modern structure, located midway between the places of * This 1 idy also made a small bequest for the support of the poor of the church, 43 the first and second churches. This third church had barely attained a quarter of the age of its predecessor, when in its turn it had to make wa}^ for the fourth church, the one in which we are at present assembled, and which was erected in 1863, a short distance below the location of the other churches. The same year the society was enabled, by the generosity of the late Edward Chappel of New London, (to whom allusion has already been made), a chris tian gentleman of unmeasured benevolence, and grand father of our present pastor, to erect a parsonage. This parsonage affords convenient data for locating our first three churches. The second church appears to have stood upon the exact location of the parsonage, the first church immediately East, and the third church imme diately West. We have thus followed the history of this community from the time when the first settlers pitched their tents in these valleys, down through two centuries to the present day. We have seen the solitude of the wilderness broken by the first log cabin, we have seen the forests gradually recede before the advance of civilization, and the rugged wildness of nature slowly exchanged for a more peace ful beauty, till at length our hills have been crowned with the ameliorations of progress, our valleys filled with the hum of industry, and the echoes of the war whoop drowned in the shriek of the locomotive and the clatter of machinery. Through all these mighty changes, this society has been working potently for good. Through all these years she has kept a beacon fire alive upon this hill top, and drawn up hither generation after generation, to wor ship God. By the inspiration of her presence, she has made this community ever a virtuous, Heaven-fearing people, and rendered those who have gone forth from 44 here valiant to do battle for the right. Surely, then, her part has been well done. Within her own sphere she has faithfully discharged her duties, and who shall measure her influence through those sons reared up and sent forth to fill exalted stations in other and wider spheres. Let us see to it that she declines not in our hands. Notes to the Historical Address. Note A, INDIAN DEED OF NOR"WICH, Deed from Onkos, and his sons Oneco and Attawanhood, Sachems of Mohegan, of a tract of Land nine miles square, for the settlement of the town of Norwich, Anno Domini 1659, As this Deed covers every foot of territory now within the limits of the town of Franklin, and as portions of this ancient domain have never been alienated, but are still in the occupancy of the descendants of the original Proprietors, it has been deemed proper to insert it in this place. DEED. Know All men that Onkos, Owaneco and Attawanhood, Sachems of Mohegan, have bargained, sold and passed over, and doe by these presents, bargain, sell and pass over unto the Towne and Inhabitants of Norwich, nine miles square of lands, lyeing and being at Moheagen and the partes thereunto adjoyning, with all ponds, rivers, woods, quarries, mines with all Royalties, privileges and appurtenances thereunto belong ing, to them the sayd Inhabitants of Norwich, their heirs and successors forever — the sayd lands are to be bounded as followeth, (viz.,) to the southward on the west side (of) the Great River commonly called Mon- heag River, ye line is to begin at the Brooke falling into the head of Trading Cove, and soe to run west norwest seven miles ; — from thence the line is to run nor-noreast nine miles ; and on the east side of the foresayd River to the southward, the line is to joyne with New-London Bounds as it is now laid out and soe to run east Two miles from the foresayd River, and so from thence the line is to Run nor-noreast nine miles, and from thence to Run nor-norwest nine miles to meet the western line. In consideration whereof the sayd Onkos, Owaneco, and Attawanhood doe acknowledg to have received of the parties aforesayd, the full (and juste) sum of seventy pounds, and doe promise and engage 46 ourselves, heirs and successors, to warrant the sayd Bargain and sale to the aforesayd parties, their heirs and successors and them to defend from all ciaimes or molestations from any whatsoever. In witness whereof wee have hereunto set our hands this sixth day of June, Anno 1659. Onkos, his C'^ marke. Witness hereunto, John Mason, / Owaneco, his ^^^v^ marke. Thomas Tracy. Attawanhood, his <>A marke. (This Deed is Recorded in the Country Booke^ August 20th, 1663 : as Atteste, JOHN ALLYN, Sec'y.) Note B, INDIAN NAMES, Almost the only enduring memorials of the Aborigines are the few geographical names which survived their decay, and which still remain, constantly reminding us that our streams and hills were once the haunts of a different race of men. Too often these names fall meaningless upon the ear, charming us by their mellifluence but wholly unintelligible. Yet we may be sure that they were primarily significant, and in many cases, like so much else in Indian thought, the products of bright fancies, so that, could we once arrive at their hidden meaning, its poetry would often prove delightful and offer pleasant glimpses into that form of so ciety of which they are the only remnants. But the difficulties in the way are very great. The early scribes wrote Indian as lawlessly as they wrote English, and unquestionably our pronunciation of many names of places is very different from the Indian pronunciation. They are clipped at one end or both, — anglicized or euphonized — until their identity is sometimes quite lost. To decipher the meaning of confused words in a dead and but imperfectly recorded language is surely no easy or certain task. Thus premising, we offer the following suggestions upon the Indian Names in this vicinity.* * For these suggestions the writer is indebted to Hon. J. Hammond Trum bull, of Hartford, a gentleman who has given much time and talent to the study of the Indian language, and who is our best authority in all questions pertaining to it. 47 1. Shetucket. The termination shows this to be the name of a place, not of the river. In the old records it is sometimes written SJiowtackett (Conn. Col. Records, iii, 479) and Showattukkct. In Owaneco's Res ervation, (1669), " Shawtuck river " is named. Shawtuck — et n' on' or ' near 't\ie Shawtuck. Tuk signifies ' n'wr.' The first syllable, Shaw or She, means either 'three' or 'between.' It is impossible to say which ; for the form is a corrupt one, — and the two words have in Indian (as in many other languages) the same radical. Shetucket \She — tuck — et) signifies " at the three rivers," (the place of the three rivers), or " at the between rivers " (the place between rivers) ; more probably the latter. Either name would be appropriate, as the reader will perceive. Roger Williams mentions the ^ -amxiishowatuck-oogi, who lived at "Wunnaj-Z/fTwa^KCy^-gut or, as elsewhere written, showaiuck-gxxt. These were " the furthermost Nipnet men," and lived, probably, among the rivers, or " between the rivers," north of the Massachusetts line, Shetucket is with little doubt another form of the same name, in its contract form. 2. Yantic. Old forms, Yantuck, Yontahque and (in record of Uncas's deed) Yomtacke. We incline to derive it from yan, ' four ' and tuk, ' river '; but there is nearly an equal probability that it is from Yode, on, or • at that side '; the river [which comes in] at that side, [or, according to the locus of the speaker, at this side] of the main river; i. e., 'The river from one side,' or lateral tributary. The mode of entrance of this stream into the Thames might very naturally suggest this name. 3. Susquetomscot. Otherwise, Sukskotumskot. The two last syl lables, omscot, mean, certainly, ' at the rock,' — but the prefix, susquet, is doubtful. This prefix qualifies ompsk [^lomsc,) 'rock.' For exam ple, soggohtunkan-ompsk, the flint rock ; tomheganompsk, the axe rock (or rock from which tomahawks were made,) &c. But we cannot fix confidently the meaning of susquet or sukskot. The Susquetomscot is our wildest and rockiest stream, and it would be highly interesting to know from what circumstance connected with its rockiness it drew its name. We naturally infer that the name is in some way connected with the rocky gorge near the Peck Hollow Railroad Station. 4, Pootapaug or Pautipaug. This name was also given to a part of, or place in, what is now Essex, — and is written Pauta-, Porti- and Petti- -paug, -pog, and -pawag. Eliot has almost the exact word, pootuppog iXiA. pootuppag, for ' a bay,' in Joshua xv : 2, 5. The primary significa tion seems to be, a recess or ' corner ' of water. Foot sai means a cor ner, i. e., interior, not salient ; the space included. Literally, pootup- paug, which Ehot translates ' bay,' signifies ' corner-water,' nearly equiv alent perhaps to our word 'cove.' In Essex this name is appropriate, but why it should have been attached to any portion of Franklin is difficult to see. Note C. The following is a complete list of the Thirty-five Original Proprie tors who settled Norwich in 1660. These names necessarily occur so often under note D, that a pub lished list will doubtless be found convenient for reference. When not prefixed by an asterisk, they were surviving in January, in the year 1700, Rev, James Fitch, the first minister of Norwich, *Major John Mason, afterwards Lt, Gov, of Connecticut, Deacon Thomas Adgate, Lieut, William Backus, Jr,, 'Stephen Backus, brother of Wm., Jr., above, *John Baldwin, *John Birchard, *Thomas Bliss, Morgan Bowers, *Richard Edgerton, *Francis Griswold, 'Christopher Huntington, Deacon Simon Huntington, brother of Christopher, above, * William Hyde, *Samuel Hyde, son of William, above, Lieut. Thomas Leffingwell, 'Doctor John Olmstead, John Post, son-in-law of Wm. Hyde, Thomas Post, John Reynolds, *Lieut. Thomas Tracy, *Thomas Bingham, a minor in 1660, 'Stephen Gifford, a minor in 1660, 'Thomas Howard, a minor in 1660, John Tracy, a minor in 1660, son of Lt. Thomas Tracy, 'Josiah Reed, a minor in 1660. These settlers came from Saybrook and East Saybrook (now Lyme), to Norwich, Anno Dom ini 1660. 49 'Robert Allyn, *Deacon Hugh Calkins, *John Calkins, son of Dea. Hugh, above, 'Jonathan Royce, son-in-law of Dea. Hugh Calkins, 'John Gager, 'John Pease, 'Nehemiah Smith. These settlers came from New London to Norwich, Anno Domini 1660. 'John Bradford, 'Ensign Thomas Waterman, a minor in 1660, These settlers came from Marshfield, Mass,, to Norwich, Anno Dom ini 1660, Note D, Brief notices of the principal original settlers of West Farms, now Franklin, Abell, yoshua, came hither from Dedham, Mass., before 1670. He settled in the valley east of Meeting House hill, and became a very considerable land holder. His dwelling was near the present residence of Henry W. Kingsley, but upon the opposite side of the highway. The lot upon which the first Meeting House was erected, and which is now connected with the parsonage, was a gift from him to the society. He married Mehetabel, a daughter of Nehemiah Smith, one of the original Thirty-Five (35) Proprietors of Norwich. He had six daugh ters, several of whom were married to first comers. He died March 17th, 1724, in the 77th year of his age. He left no son. His brothers Caleb and Benjamin came to the Colony with him, but settled in other parts of Norwich. Armstrong, Benjamin, son of Jonathan of Westerly, R. I., became a settler in 1682. His dwelling was nearly opposite to the entrance to the lane leading to the residence of Geo. E. Starkweather. He died Jan. loth, 1717-18, leaving sons Benjamin, John, Joseph and Stephen. y^ohn Armstrong married, in 1710, Anne Worth and remained upon the paternal homestead, where he had twelve children. His descend ants have been numerous and most of the families in the vicinity bearing the name are of his line. He was often entrusted with office in the Society which he always worthily filled. He died in 1748. Arnold, J^ohn, was a land holder both by grant and purchase, as early as 1683. After a long occupancy he finally alienated his estate and so removed to Windham. The "Arnold Place" afterwards became the homestead of Rev. Henry Willes. It is now occupied by Dr. Stephen Sweet. Ayer, yohn, born in England, was brought to this country while an infant, in 1630, by his parents, who located at Haverhill, Mass. He married. May 5, 1646, Sarah Williams, of Haverhill, and had by her five children. He married for second wife, at Haverhill, March 26, 1663, Mary Moodam, by whom he had one child. Soon after his second marriage he became involved in serious personal difficulties with the Massachusetts Indians, and to save his life moved secretly and alone to West Farms, The exact year of his arrival is uncertain, but without doubt it was as early as 1665, and he maybe safely called the first white settler of the town. His location was Ayer's Gap, Here he hved by himself for many years, pursuing his favorite vocation of hunting and trapping with great success. It is said that in the chase and all the mysteries of woodcraft, his skill and sagacity fully equalled that of the Indians, between whom and himself there was, indeed, a constant rivalry, which not infrequently ripened into open warfare. Many are the tra ditions of this strange man, lingering around the scenes of his life, and his adventures with Indians and wild beasts still form the theme of numerous stories related with zest around the winter's fire. These stories, without exception, delineate him as a man of striking eccentri cities, butwitha), of great endurance, heroic fortitude and a rare presence of mind that never forsook him in time of danger. Rattlesnakes were the only foes whom John Ayer feared. These swarmed into his cabin in such numbers from the surrounding ledges, that he was almost in despair, and thought of abandoning the place. But a friend in Massachusetts urged him first to try the efficiency of hogs in destroying the reptiles. Accordingly, Ayer procured several hogs from the nearest settlement, and these soon effectually rid his premises of his troublesome visitors. His son Joseph, born at Haverhill, March 16, 1658, married, Nov, 24, 1686, Sarah Corliss, of Haverhill, where he continued till about the year 1700, when he removed to West Farms to reside with his father, now well stricken in years, bringing with him his youngest two sons, Joseph and Timothy, The descendants of Mr, Ayer still remain in Franklin, Backus, Lieut. William, yr., the Proprietor, had sons William, John, Joseph and Nathaniel. Nathaniel Backus married Elizabeth Tracy and settled at West Farms. 51 His dwelling was where Col. T, G. Kingsley now resides. Jabez, their fourth child, born in Aug. 1712, married Eunice Kingsbury and remained upon the paternal homestead. He was the father of Rev. Charles Backus, D. D., the acute and able theologian. The Rev, Azel Backus, D, D., first President of Hamilton College, also descended from him through his eldest son Jabez, being his grandson. Badger, yohn, came early to West Farms from Newbury, Mass, His place was on Center Hill on the old road leading north from the resi dence of the late Backus Smith. He had a son, Samuel, but the name has long been extinct in the town. For site of dwelling see accompany ing map. Barstow, yob, a son of John, of Scituate, Mass, was born March 8, 1679. He came hither early in life and settled where Joseph I. Hyde now resides. This place had previously been in the occupancy of Joseph Reynolds. He married Rebecca, a daughter of Joseph Bushnell, and had sons Jonathan, Ebenezer and Get-once, and daughter Jerusha. His name often appears upon the records of the Society in honorable relations. Bingham, Dea. Thomas, an original Proprietor of Norwich in 1 660, and the common ancestor of the Connecticut families of the name, was the son of Thomas and Mary Bingham, of Shefiield, England, and was born about 1642. He married Mary Rudd and became an early resident of Windham, His son, Thomas, born December 11, 1667, married Hannah Backus and succeeded to the privileges of his father as a proprietor in Norwich, Their eldest son Thomas, of the third gen eration, born Nov, 20, 1692, married Hannah Edgerton and settled at West Farms, His dwelling was located where the late Tommy Hyde resided. The name is not to be found upon the records of a later date than 1737, Birchard, yohn, was born on the other side of the water in 1628, and emigrated to the New World with his father, Thomas Birchard, at the age of seven years. After residing successively at Hartford and Saybrook, he came to Norwich in 1660 as one of the original thirty-five Proprietors, He was much esteemed by his fellow townsmen and by the citizens generally, serving as Town Clerk, Justice of the Peace, Deputy to the General Court and, for a time, Clerk of the County Court, He married Christian Andrews, July 1st, 1653, by whom he had fourteen (14) children. He married for a second wife Jane, the widow of Sam- 52 uel Hyde, the Proprietor, and became the guardian of her minor chil dren. He resided for a time at West Farms upon the original Hyde domain where O, L, Johnson now lives. He subsequently removed to Lebanon where he died in 1702. Birchard, yames, son of the above, was born in Norwich, July 1 6th, 1665, He early became a resident in West Farms. His dwelling was on " Birchard's Playne " a short distance south of the Franklin Cemetery and upon the same side of the highway. Public worship was sometimes held at his house on the Sabbath, before the completion of the First Church, He seems to have been an estimable member of society. He married Elizabeth Beckwith, by whom he had ten children. His long and useful life was ended here, but none of his name or blood now reside within the limits of the town. Crocker, Samuel, was a son of Thomas, of New London, where he was born in 1677. He early purchased twenty acres of land of Capt. Joseph Tracy, on Little Lebanon hill, now Crocker hill. His dwelling was located upon the slope of the hill, about midway from the base to the summit, upon the west side of the highway. He seems to have been an active and influential member of the settlement. In 1716 he served on an important committee, and his name often appeared upon the records of the society at later dates. In 1722 he served as a selectman. He had children, Samuel, John, Jabez and Hannah, but his descendants of the name have long since ceased to be residents of the place. Downer, yoseph, Seii., settled at West Farms before 1700, His res idence was upon the old road in the north part of the Society, wfiich is now discontinued. For site of dwelling see accompanying map. He had sons, Andrew, Richard and Joseph, who were active at the organization of the Society. They all married and probably all settled at West Farms, where their names are to be found as late as 1737. Durkee, Dea. yohn, son of John, of Ipswich, Mass., was born Nov. 23d, 1689. He at first settled at Gloucester in his native state, but about 1720 removed to West Farms. He purchased lands of John Waterman, Jr., upon Portipaug hill, and his dwelling was located a short distance south of where Charles T. Hazen now lives, and upon the same side of the highway. His wife, Mary, died in 1732. He married for a second wife in 1738, Hannah Adgate. In 1735, he was elected to the office of deacon in the West Farms church. His descendants have not been numerous. 53 Elderkin, yohn, Carpenter and Millwright, we find successively at Boston, Dedham, New-London, and finally at Norwich, in 1664, He was termed one of the second class of Proprietors, and had two home lots granted to him. yohn Elderkin, yr., eldest son of the above, early became a settler upon the west bank of the Shetucket river near Lord's (then Elderkin's) Bridge, and his dwelling was located upon the precise spot that is now occupied by the large boarding house of the Messrs. A. & W. Sprague, in the village of Baltic, He was the proprietor of the saw and grain mills near by. He often acted officially in the new society, and was particularly designated to direct in the layout of suitable highways or roads from the outskirts of the settlement to the church. The name long since disappeared from our records, Edgerton, Samuel, was the third son and fifth child of Richard, another of the Thirty-Five Proprietors of Norwich. He was born in May, 1670, and probably settled at West Farms before 1700. He erected his dwelling where James C, Griswold now lives. He was a petitioner for a separate ecclesiastical organization in 1716, and afterwards was frequently elected to fill important offices in the gift of the society. In 1703 he married Alice Ripley, of Windham, David, his sixth son, born Aug, 28, 1718, was the founder of the Edgerton School Fund, For his place of residence see accompanying map, Edgerton, yoseph, was a younger brother of the above, being the fourth son of Richard, He also settled at West Farms shortly before 1 700, His location was upon Lebanon Road and his dwelling was where the late Guilbert Lamb formerly resided. He was also a petitioner for a new ecclesiastical organization and was often entrusted with office. He married, in 1702, Experience Pratt, and had several children. He was the ancestor of Bela Edgerton, Esq,, and of Hon, Alfred P, Edgerton, late member of Congress from Indiana, Fillmore, Capt. yohn, son of John Fillmore, "Mariner," of Ipswich, Mass,, was born March 18, 1702. At an early age he was apprenticed to a ship carpenter in Boston, where, constantly meeting with seafaring men, he soon imbibed a longing for their mode of life. After several years of pleading he at length wrung from his mother a reluctant consent, and shipped in the spring of 1723 for a fishing voyage upon the sloop "Dolphin," of Cape Ann, The following August the " Dolphin " was surprised and captured off Newfoundland by the notorious pirate, Capt. John Phillips. One of the 4 54 pirate's crew happening to be an old acquaintance of Fillmore, repre sented to the Captain that he would prove a valuable acquisition to the crew if he could be induced to join them. Accordingly, young Fillmore was taken oftj but promised his liberty after two months of faithful service. At the expiration of the appointed time, he demanded his liberty, which was denied him for some frivolous reason. The Captain, however, promised upon his honor to liberate him at the end of three additional months. But at the expiration of these months, Phillips positively refused to release him, and Fillmore determined to effect his own escape at the earliest opportunity. One night, about nine months after his capture, the pirates had a grand carousal and retired at a late hour. This seemed a favorable opportunity, and Fillmore determined to secure posession of the ship with the assist ance of three fellow prisoners, one of whom, however, was overcome with fear at the decisive moment, so that but three individuals were left to cope with the entire crew. They knew that the pirates after their drinking would not rise till late in the morning, and made their arrange ments to attack them when they should first come upon deck, making use of the carpenter's tools for weapons. About noon the Captain, Master, Boatswain and Quartermaster came upon deck. Soon the Master pro ceeded to take an observation, the Captain and Boatswain engaged in conversation and the Quartermaster returned to the cabin. Now was the moment. The three officers upon deck are felled by unexpected blows, and the Quartermaster rushing from the cabin meets a similar fate. The officers being thus disposed of it is a comparatively easy matter to compel the surrender of the crev/ who are still all below. The vessel was taken direct to Boston by this little band of heroes, where they arrived May 3, 1724. The crew were convicted of piracy by a court of admiralty. This court presented Mr. Fillmore with a gun, silver hiked sword and curious tobacco box which belonged to Captain Phillips, and also with the silver shoe and knee buckles, and two gold rings which he used to wear. These trophies of a worthy ancestor are still preserved among his descendants, Mr. Fillmore never returned to the sea. He married, Nov, 24, 1724, Mary Spiller, of Ipswich, and removed to Norwich West Farms. Here he continued to reside through a long life, strong in the confidence of his townsmen. He died Feb. 22, 1777. Gager, yohn, the Proprietor, was the son of Dr. William Gager, who came to this country with Gov. Winthrop in 1630, and died the same year, John Gager, the original Proprietor as above, had sons John and Samuel, besides six daughters, John, the eldest son, died without issue. 55 Samuel removed to New Concord, John, the eldest son of Samuel, settled at West Farms, and his dwelling was where Henry L, M. Ladd now resides. He married Jerusha, a daughter of Job Barstow, and has had a good number of descendants who have been useful and reliable members of society. Griswold, Samuel, son of Capt, Samuel, and grandson of Lieut. Francis Griswold, an original Proprietor of Norwich, was born about 1689, When a young man, he settled in the eastern section of West Farms in what is now the village of Baltic, and his dwelling was located where the Baltic House now stands. He was the ancestor of the late Caleb Griswold, Hartshorne, Dea. David, was the sixth son of Thomas, of Reading, Mass,, where he was born Oct, 18, 1657, He married, 1680, Rebecca, daughter of John Batchelor, and had four sons and one daughter. His latest residence in the Bay State was at Medfield, He purchased lands at West Farms in 1697, of Ensign Thomas Waterman, and removed thither soon afterwards. His place of residence was where Geo, E, Starkweather now lives. He was one of the original deacons of the church, selectman in 1 709, and foremost in civil and ecclesiastical affairs till his death, in 1738. His descendants have been numerous and respectable. Of their number maybe mentioned the brave Capt, Asa Hartshorne, who was slain at the battle of the Miamis, Aug, 20, 1794, See Note G. Hartshorne, yonathan, was an elder brother of the above, and they accompanied each other to the new settlement. His place of residence was upon the old Windham road where Horatio Hyde now lives. His name often appears upon the records of the society in connection with official trusts. The late Dr, Elijah Hartshorne was one of his descend ants, Hazen, Lieut. Thomas, emigrated from Boxford, Mass,, to West Farms near the commencement of the last century, and settled upon the place which is now in the occupancy of E. P. Ladd, and which was held and improved by his descendants for several generations, and which has been but recently ahenated. He was one of the Society Committee in 1716, and frequently held office thereafter. At this period, men of ma ture years and ripe experience had the preference for important official positions. His wife Mary died in 1727, and he himself eight years later. He now has descendants in the place and vicinity. 56 Huntington, Christopher , one of the original Thirty-Five Proprietors of Norwich, was born in England about 1630, and emigrated to this country with his parents a few years later. He was a son of William and a grandson of Simon Huntington and Margaret Baret, He married, 1652, Ruth Rockwell of Windsor, and Christopher, his fourth child was born Nov, 1, 1660. This was the first male child born in Norwich, Christopher, son of the first born male of Norwich and grandson of Christopher the Proprietor, settled at West Farms upon domain now in the occupancy of Azariah Huntington, his great-grandson. He was a pillar in the church and society in his day. Several of his descendancs have held official positions in the church. Rev. Asahel, of Topsfield, Mass., the father of Judge Huntington of Salem was of his line of descent. Hyde, Samuel, another of the Thirty-five Proprietors, was the only ¦ son of William, also a Proprietor, and was born at Hartford in 1636. He married, 1659, Jane, daughter of Thomas Lee, of East Saybrook, now Lyme, and in the month of August of the year following, had daughter Elizabeth, who was the first female child born in Norwich of English descent. Shortly afterward she removed to West Farms, where, probably, his six remaining children were all born. He settled in the valley east of Meeting House hill and his dwelling was upon the site where O. L. Johnson, one of his descendants, now lives. He died in 1677. Hyde, yohn, second son of the above, born at West Farms 1667, Married Experience Abell and settled at Wawekus Hill, But his fourth son, Capt. Matthew Hyde married Elizabeth Huntington and returned to West Farms which became permanently his place of residence. For site of his dwelling see accompanying map. His descendants have been numerous and respectable. The late Rev. Eli Hyde was of the number. Hyde, Thomas, fourth son of Samuel, born at West Farms in July, 1672, married Mary Backus arid remained upon the paternal homestead. He was familiarly called the First Thomas Hyde. His eldest son born in 1699 the Second, and Capt, Thomas, firstborn of the "second'" Thomas, and father of the late Jared Hyde, the Third Thomas Hyde. He was a useful member of society and his descendants have been nu merous and highly respectable. Of some of the more distinguished may be mentioned the names of Rev. Alvan Hyde, D. D., of Rev. John Hyde, of Rev. Lavius Hyde and of the Hon. E. H. Hyde, present Lieut. Gov. of the State, 57 Hyde, Capt. yabez, the fifth and youngest son of Samuel, was born at West Farms, 1677, He married Elizabeth, youngest daughter of Captain Richard Bushnell, and had his dwelling at the foot of Crocker Hill upon Lebanon road, where Dwight Fargo now resides. He was the first Clerk of the society, and continued to hold the office for a long term of years. He was also a Justice of the Peace and represented the town of Norwich thirteen sessions in the Colonial Legislature, He was the owner of a large landed estate and was accounted a prosperous farmer. He died Sept 5, 1762, His descendants have been numerous and have filled an important place in society here and elsewhere. The late Judge John Hyde, and Lewis Hyde, Esq,, both of Norwich, were of his line of descent. yohnson, yohn, was at West Farms as early as 1677, His place was in " Lebanon Valley," and his dwelling upon the site now occupied by the mansion of Bela T, Hastings. William and Ebenezer were probably his sons, and Dea. Isaac Johnson was his grandson. His de scendants, though not numerous, have filled no unimportant place in society, Kingsbury, Dea. yoseph, came early from Haverhill, Mass., to West Farms, with wife Love (Ayer) and sons Joseph and Ephraim. He erected his dwelling upon Middle of Center Hill on domain that has never been alienated by his descendants of the name. He was chairman of the meeting at which the society was organized in 1716, and was chosen one of the first deacons of the church two years later. He died in 1741, His son, Capt. Joseph Kingsbury, succeeded him as an officer of the church in 1735, and also held other important trusts, being selectman in 1723, and a representative to the General Court five sessions, from 1731 to 1742. He married Ruth Dennison, who, at the time of her decease at the age of 93 years, left 231 descendants. The descendants of Joseph Kingsbury, Sen,, have been numerous and have done not a little to shape the history of the town, Andrew, of Hartford, for a long time State Treasurer, and the late Col, Jacob, of Franklin, and Judge John, of Waterbury, were of the number, Ladd, David, was an early settler and resided upon Pleasure Hill on the same premises that were owned and occupied till very recently by his descendant, Joseph D. Ladd. He married Mary Waters and had sons, Samuel, Ezekiel and Joseph, Ladd, Nathaniel, was also an early settler and resided upon the place lately occupied by Benjamin Blackman. He was an individual of con 58 siderable prominence in civil and ecclesiastical affairs, having served as selectman in 1721 and having been chosen to important offices in the society. He married and had several children born here, but ceased to be a resident about 1728. This place was subsequently owned and improved by David Ladd, probably a brother of Nathaniel. Lathrop, Israel, third son of Samuel, who emigrated to Norwich as one of the second class of Proprietors in 1668, and grandson of Rev. John, an Independent minister in London, and afterwards in Scituate and Barnstable, had seven sons who, according to tradition, settled upon seven hills, William Lathrop, second son of Israel, settled on Plain Hill and had ten sons. The late Jesse Lathrop of this place was his grandson, John L, Motley, the Historian, descended from him through Rev, John Lathrop, D, D,, of Boston, Serj. Israel Lathrop, yr., another son of Israel, came to West Farms early and settled upon Blue Hill, His dwelling was upon the eastern declivity of the hill. For its particular site see accompanying map, Capt. yohn Lathrop, also son of Israel, Sen,, settled early upon Meeting House Hill. His dwelling was near the present residence of Joseph A. Griffin. Clergymen and distinguished individuals from abroad were often his guests during their temporary sojourn in the place. The names of Serj. Israel, Jr., and Capt. John Lathrop often appear upon the records of the Society, which would indicate that they ren dered important services which were duly appreciated. Those bearing the name of Lathrop in this vicinity at this day, de scended from William and Israel, Jr. Mason, yeremiah, son of David and Dorothy (Hobert) Mason, grandson of Lieut. Daniel, and great-grandson of the famous Major John Mason, early settled at West Farms upon lands bordering upon Lebanon, This estate is still in the name, and his dwelling was upon the same site if it is not the same structure that is now occupied by his lineal descendant, James F, Mason. His name often appears upon the records and always in relations that would show him to be a leading man. He was the ancestor of the late Hon. Jeremiah Mason, United States Senator from New Hampshire. Mosely, Increase, was an early settler at West Farms. He probably resided where the tenant house of John Frink now stands. He was one 59 of the petitioners for a society organization in 1716, and his name there after occasionally appears upon the early records. He died in 1731. Had a son Increase, born in 1712, who married Deborah Tracy, of Windham, and removed to Woodbury about 1740 where he became a distinguished civilian. Also had a son Peabody, born in 1724, who. married Mary, the eldest daughter of Captain Jacob Hyde, and became a Baptist clergyman. His field of labor was first at Norwich. He afterwards preached at Mansfield and Granby in this State. About the year 1780 he joined the society of Shakers at New Lebanon, New York. Peck, Benjamin, was a descendant of Henry, of New Haven, and came hither before 1700, His dwelling was where the house of H. H, Willes now stands. The stated worship on the Sabbath was held at Benjamin Peck's house in the winter and at his barn in the summer, till the first church was ready for use. In 1720 the Society ""Voted Benjamin Peck 1; shillings for half an acre of land on Birchard's Playne, where he buried his daughter Eliza beth, for a Burying Place." This early action of the Society resulted in the permanent location of the Franklin Cemetery, which has been twice enlarged since. The selection proved to be most judicious. He died in 1742, His offspring has been somewhat numerous — the late Capt, Bela Peck, of Norwich, being of the number, Pember, yohn, was the son of Thomas and Agnes Pember, of New London, where he was born in 1698, He married, 1716, Mary, daughter of the First Thomas Hyde. He became the first sexton at West Farms, This office was successively filled by his descendants for several generations. His dwelling was where Col. G. Pendleton now resides. He died in 1783. Although his descendants have not been numerous, the name is still to be found in the town. Pettis, Samuel, was an early settler on Blue Hill, His descendants have successivaly improved the same estate till recently. The late Peter Pettis, who inherited both the homestead and the peculiarities of his ancestor, was the last to bear the name. Reynolds, yoseph, son of Joseph and grandson of John, the Proprie tor, was an early settler at West Farms, and had his dwelling where Joseph I, Hyde now resides. He married in 1717, Hannah Bingham. In 1723 he served as a member of the Prudential Committee of the Society but soon afterwards alienated his estate to Job Barstow, and the name disappeared from the records. 6o Rood, Micah, the youngest son of Thomas Rood, who was an early settler upon the east side of the Shetucket, removed in 1699 to West Farms, and located in Peck Hollow. Micah had upon his farm an apple tree which bore large, fair fruit, but always with a red globule, like a clot of blood, near the center of each apple. The apple, which has become a great favorite in this vicinity^ and is called the Mike apple, from its originator,* still retains this peculiarity and is the object of much curious inquiry. The drop of blood invariably found in every apple is a standing wonder in childhood's days, and the story of its origin handed down from father to son for over a hundred years, has at length grown to be a fixed tradition, implicitly received. As the story runs, a pedlar entered town, vending such costly and luxurious wares as had never before been seen in the settlement. The simple Micah, dazzled by the display, invited the pedlar to his house, and at an evil moment plunged a knife to his heart beneath this very tree, so that his life blood flowed down and mingled with its roots. The next spring its blossoms changed from snowy white to red, and in August when the apples came tumbling down, large and yellow and juicy, hor ror of horrors, there hung in every one a drop of blood. There they lay before the terrified Micah, the evidences of his now never to be forgot ten deed. With nature in springtime and autumn so strangely promp ting the goadings of his conscience, who shall wonder that the simple- hearted Micah should change into a morose and melancholy man, and lead an accursed life } Such was the fact. Time went for naught but the memory of his crime, business was neglected, and soon from a pros perous farmer he became a pauper, dependent upon the charities of the community. In 1717 he was glad to increase his slender means by assuming charge of the meeting house, receiving therefor a peck of corn yearly from each family in the society. | Of his last years and pauper's death the records tell briefly but sig nificantly : — July 5, 1727. The inhabitants do now, by their vote, agree to allow to each man that watches with Micah Rood, two shillings per night. Also to those who have attended sd Rood by day, three shillings per day. December 17, 1728, , To Jacob Hyde for digging Micah Rood's grave, £0, 4s, od. * Thirty years ago it was called indifferently the Mike, or the Rood apple, but now the former name has generally obtained. t October ye first day, 1717. Ye society agreed by their vote yt each family shall give Micah Rood a Peck of Corn for sweeping ye Meeting House one year. 6i In face of the facts, who shall pronounce the story of Micah Rood a fiction, or think it too strange that Nature should thus record her horror of human crime .' Rudd, Serj. Nathaniel, was a son of Jonathan, of Saybrook. He early settled at West Farms, and his dwelling was on the Portipaug Road a short distance north of Smith's Corners. He was chairman of the first committee elected by the society after its organization, and besides, took a prominent part in the civil affairs of the settlement. By first marriage in 1685 to Mary Post, he had son Jonathan and three daughters. By second marriage in 1705-6 to Abigail Hartshorne, had son Nathaniel and other children. He died in 1727. Rudd, yonathan, eldest son of the above, was born at West Farms, May 22, 1693. He married, Oct. 27, 1720, Joanna Gregory of Strat ford, and had five children. His name often occurs upon the records of the society in official relations. His almost life -long residence was in a rural situation on the hill in a north-westerly direction from that of his father. He died in 1772. Five years afterwards his late dwelling was used as a pest house where soldiers from the army were inoculated and treated for small pox. It was then that his son Jonathan, at the time the occupant of the premises, fell a victim to that disease. It was in this secluded retreat, with wild surroundings, that the young and talented Ebenezer Hartshorne first met the amiable and accomplished Miss Miriam Gregory, of Stratford, whom he afterwards wedded and with whom he lived for a period of sixty-five years in the enjoyment of domestic bliss unalloyed. Their early and romantic correspondence is still extant. Rudd, Nathaniel, yun., son of Serj. Nathaniel, had his dwelling where John Q. Cross now lives. He married, Dec. 22, 1730, Mary Backus, and had a numerous family of children. Sabin, Capt. yohn, was born in Pomfret, Conn., 1696. He came to West Farms soon after the organization of the society, and had his res idence where John Frink now lives. He acted a prominent part in civil and ecclesiastical affairs in his time. His death occurred March 28, 1742. He was a maternal ancestor of Hon. L. F. S. Foster. See Physicians, Note G, Sluman, Thomas, son of Thomas and Sarah (Bliss) Sluman, was an ear^y settler at West Farms, and had his residence and place of busines near the Peck Hollow station on the -New London and Northern Rail 62 Road, where he had a saw and corn mill for this part of the settlement. His name is on the petition for the organization of a new society in 1716, and two years later he acted upon a committee which petitioned the General Assembly for the organization of a church. Although he took an active part in ecclesiastical affairs in his day, the name has long since ceased to be found upon the records. Smith, Serj. Obadiah, afterwards called Captain, was a son of Edward, and a grand-nephew of Nehemiah Smith, the Proprietor. He married a daughter of Joshua Abell, and early settled at West Farms. His dwelling was where Edward A. Allyn now resides. He was one of the petitioners for the organization of a new society, and a member of the first committee of the society after its organization. He was active and useful in the settlement to the time of his death in 1727, at the age of 50 years. His descendants, though not numerous, have ever been found in the place. He was the ancestor of the late Rev. Joshua Smith, and of A. B. Smith, now Postmaster of Franklin. Tracy, Lieut. Thomas, the Proprietor, came from Tewksbury in Glou cestershire, to New England in 1636. After residing for a short time at Salem, Mass., he removed to Wethersfield, Conn., and a few years later to Saybrook. When a resident at this place in 1645, he, with others, relieved Uncas, the Sachem of Mohegan, with provisions when he was besieged at Shattuck's Point by Pessechus, Sachem of the Narragansets ; which led to the subsequent grant of the town of Norwich in 1659. In 1660 he came to Norwich as one of the pioneer settlers. He was evidently a leading man in this new locality, for in addition to other important appointments which he received, his name is on the roll of the Legislature as a representative from Norwich at twenty-seven sessions. By his first marriage to the widow of Edward Mason, at Wethersfield, he had six sons and a daughter. He died Nov. 7, 1685, at the age of 75 years. Tracy, Capt. yohn, eldest son of the above, born about 1643, was also classed as one of the Thirty-five Proprietors of Norwich. He settled very early at West Farms and had his dwelling where the late Almond Tracy resided. He was a Justice of the Peace, and represented the town of Norwich six sessions in the Colonial legislature. He married, June 10, 1670, Mary Winslow, a niece of Gov. Edward Winslow of Plymouth, and had sons John, Joseph and Winslow. He died in 1702, leaving an estate of between three and four thousand acres of land. 63 Tracy, yohn, zd, eldest son of the above, born 1673, married Eliza beth Leffingwell, and settled upon the paternal homestead where his descendants continue to reside to the present time. He was the ances tor of Hon. Uri Tracy, a member of Congress from the State of New York, and of Hon. John Tracy, for six years Lieut. Gov. of the same state. Governor Tracy was the sixth John Tracy, each of his prede cessors of the name representing a generation. These six John Tracys were in the line of primogeniture, and all natives of West Farms, except the first, who was the Proprietor, Tracy, Capt. yoseph, second son of John, the Proprietor, was born at West Farms, April 20, 1682, and had his dwelling near the residence of the late J, W, Kingsley, He was a Justice of the Peace and repre sentative of the town several sessions in the Colonial legislature. He married, Dec. 31, 1705, Mary, daughter of Caleb Abell, and had ten children. His second son, Dr, Elisha Tracy, graduated at Yale college in 1738, became a distinguished physician and settled near the Town Plot ; was the father of the late Dr, Philemon Tracy and the ancestor of the Honorables Phineas Lyman Tracy and Albert Haller Tracy, both of whom were members of Congress from the State of^ New York, Tracy, Serj. Winslow, third son of John, the Proprietor, was born . at West Farms, Feb. 9, 1689. He married Rachel Ripley, and had his dwelling upon Windham road a short distance north of the Kingsbury mansion. He was a petitioner for a new ecclesiastical organization, and was for a long time an active and influential member of society. Col. Uriah Tracy, member of Congress and United States Senator from Connecticut, was his grandson. Waterman, Thomas, the Proprietor, was the second son of Robert, of Marshfield, where he was born, 1644. He married Miriam, daughter of Lieut. Thomas Tracy, and had sons Thomas and John. Thomas, the eldest, married, June 20, 1691, Elizabeth Allyn, and had seven sons and two daughters. Ensign Thomas Waterman, the eldest, settled at West Farms, and had his residence on the old Waterman road north west of the church. His name often appears upon the early records, and his homestead was successively occupied by several generations of his descendants, but none of his name or blood remain in the place. Other individuals early appeared in the settlement whom we have not been able definitely to locate. Of these we would particularly mention William Moore, Jonathan Crain and Peter Cross. These persons were at most but temporary residents. The last two probably removed to that part of Windham which is now Mansfield. 64 Thomas Wood, the carpenter, Jonathan Roise (Royce), John Harris, Ebenezer Case and John Hutchens appeared at a later day. These individuals, also, after a residence of a few years, removed to other localities. Note E, COLLEGE GRADUATES, This list is designed to include the names of those graduates of the different colleges of the country who have been raised up in Franklin, and who are generally natives of the place. When not to the manor born, their immediate and generally more remote ancestors have been so identified with the history of the town as to make it proper that their names should find a place in our catalogue, Yale College, 1738 — Doctor Elisha Tracy, 1763 — Sanford Kingsbury, 1767 — Jonathan Kingsbury, 1769 — Reverend David Avery, 1769 — Reverend Charles Backus, D, D,, 1777 — John Barker, M. D., 1778 — Honorable Uriah Tracy, 1786 — Reverend Jonathan Ellis, 1786 — Honorable John Kingsbury, 1787 — Reverend Azel Backus, D. D., 1 788 — Honorable Jeremiah Mason, LL. D., 1789 — Honorable Uri Tracy, 1803 — Reverend EU Hyde, 1803 — Reverend John Hyde, 1806 — Doctor John Hazen, 1815 — Reverend Elijah Hartshorne, 1 8 1 7 — David Nevins Lord, 1819 — Honorable Asahel Hiintington, 1833 — Reverend Joshua Smith, 1843 — Reverend Robert Palmer Stanton, 1846 — Reverend Joseph Willes Backus, I 850 — Reverend George Sherman Converse, 1855 — P. Henry Woodward, 1867 — Richard William Woodward, 65 Dartmouth College, 1785 — Reverend Alvan Hyde, D, D,, 1786 — Reverend Asahel Huntington, 1788 — Reverend Oliver Ayer, 1794 — Reverend Jabez Munsell, 1815 — Elisha Huntington, M. D, Middlebury College. 1809 — Bela Edgerton, Williams College, 1813 — Reverend Lavius Hyde. Brown University. 1795— Reverend Eliphalet Nott, D. D., LL.D,, 1 828 — Honorable LaFayette S. Foster, LL,D, Amherst College, 1824 — Reverend Beaufort Ladd, Union College, 1808 — Reverend Samuel Nott, Jr,, 1809 — Reverend David Huntington, 1822 — Reverend Stephen Tertius Nott, 1831 — Orsamus H. Marshall, A. M., 1834 — Reverend Albert T. Chester, D, D,, 1846 — Reverend John W. Nott, 1849 — Anson Gleason Chester, A. M. Note F, A list of the Clergyman who have been raised up in Franklin, with brief sketches of some that have deceased, Avery, Rev. David, son of John and Lydia (Smith) Avery, was born at West Farms, April 5, 1746. He became hopefully pious at an early age under the preaching of Whitfield, and shortly afterwards en tered Moor's Indian Charity School in Lebanon with special reference to a collegiate education. By close application while here he was enabled to enter college a year in advance, and graduated at Yale in 66 1769. While in college he improved his vacations in instructing Indian youth in various localities. His theological education was under the direction of Rev. Eleazer Wheelock, D. D., of Dartmouth College, This having been completed, he was ordained as a missionary to the Oneida Indians, Aug, 29, 1771, As the result of an accident he was compelled to abandon this field of labor and return to New England, Two years later, March 25, 1773, he was installed at Gaysboro', (now Windsor, Vt.,), and from April 18, 1776 to Feb. 1, 1780, he served as a chaplain in the army. After leaving the army he lived and preached at Wrentham, Mass,, and various other places, till in 1 8 1 7 he was invited to settle at Middle- town, Va, On the evening of a day of fasting, preparatory to his in stallation, he was seized with typhus fever which soon carried him off. He married, Oct. 10, 1782, Hannah Chaplain of Mansfield, (now Chaplain), who with several children survived him. Mr, Avery is said to have been tall, portly and commanding in appearance, with a prominent Roman countenance. In his disposition he was generous and warm hearted, being emphatically a gentleman of the old school. He preached extemporaneously, using at most but short notes. His language was copious and diffuse, his voice clear and sono rous, and his articulation so distinct that it was a common saying in the army that every soldier in the brigade could hear all that he said. Ayer, Rev. Oliver, son of Joseph, Jr., and Mary (Bailey) Ayer, was born at West Farms, Nov. 14, 1765. He fitted for college under the instruction of Rev. Samuel Nott, his pastor, and graduated at Dart mouth in 1788. Having completed his theological course also with Rev. Samuel Nott, he was ordained at West Stockbridge, Mass., May 29, 1793, Here he remained, greatly beloved by his people till June 14, 1807, when he was dismissed. He was subsEquently settled at Au gusta, Richland and Sandy Creek, all in the State of New York, and was everywhere held in esteem for his ministerial fidelity. He died at Richland in July, 1832, at the ripe age of 6j years. While at West Stockbridge he married Phebe, a daughter of Elijah Brown of that place, who survived him. Backus, Rev. Azel, D. D., of the sixth generation from William Backus, Sen., the Proprietor, was born at West Farms, October 13, 1765. He was the son of Jabez, Jr., and Deborah (Fanning) Backus, both of whom are said to have been persons of great excellence of character. His father dying when he was only five years of age, be- bueathed to him a farm, which he says, " I wisely exchanged for an education in college." He graduated at Yale in the class of 1787. 67 While in college he had sceptical tendencies ; but his uncle. Rev. Charles Backus, D. D., by his faithful efforts won him from infidelity and reared him up for the ministry. He was ordained April 6th, 1791, as the immediate successor of Dr. Bellamy, at Bethlehem, where he not only labored faithfully as a pastor, but also instituted and con ducted a school of considerable celebrity, at which a large number of young men were prepared for admission to college. In Sept., 1812, Dr. Backus was elected first President of Hamilton College. His mature experience in the instruction and management of young men was doubtless greatly auxiliary to his success in this some what similar, though more extensive field of labor. He was a man of an original cast of thought, distinguished by sus ceptibility and ardor of feeling ; was possessed, withal, of brilliant talents and rose rapidly in popular favor, for while comparatively a young man he was selected by the senior Gov. Oliver Wolcott to preach the annual election sermon before the Legisluture of Conn. This appoint ment was fulfilled with very marked ability in 1798. In June, 1808, he was chosen moderator of the General Association of Conn., and two years later he was honored with the degree of Doctor of Divinity from the college in New Jersey. Duyckinck remarks, that " His biography remains to be written in a manner worthy of the part which he sustained in caring for the first wants of a college," etc., and adds, that " A careful memoir written somewhat after the manner of Xenophon's Memorabilia, or Boswell's Johnson, would be welcomed by. many readers." Dr. Backus died Dec, 9, 1817, of typhus fever, which then prevailed in the college and vicinity. He married, in 1791, Melicent Demming, of Wethersfield, who with five children survived him. His daughter, Mary Ann, became the first wife of Hon. Gerret Smith, of Peterboro. For a list of his publications reference may be had to Dr. Sprague's Annals of the Pulpit, Vol. II, page 283. Backus, Rev. Charles, D. D., of the fifth generation from William Backus, Sen., the Proprietor, was born at West Farms, Nov. 4, 1749. He was the third son of Jabez, Sen., and Eunice (Kingsbury) Backus, both of whom he lost in childhood, but through the assistance of friends he was enabled to obtain a thorough classical education, and graduated at Yale in 1769, While in college he had a high reputation both for scholarship and deportment, Pres't Dwight, his classmate, said of him, "I have not known a wiser man," His theological education was under the direction of Levi Hart, D, D., of Preston, In 1775 he was 68 ordained to the pastoral charge of the congregational church in Somers, Conn,, in which place he remained till his death, Dec, 30, 1803. The sermon at his ordination was preached by Rev, John Ellis, of West Farms, His high reputation as a theologian procured for him invitations from Yale and Dartmouth Colleges to occupy the chair of Theology in each of these institutions. These in each instance he modestly declined. But his eminence as an instructor drew around him many who were designed for the ministry. Nearly fifty young men were at different times members of his theological school. Among them were Dr. Woods, of Andover, Dr, Hyde, of Lee, Dr, Cooley of Granville, Pres't Moore, of Amherst College and many others of nearly equal dis tinction. In 1801 he received the honorary degree of D, D., from Williams College. Shortly after his settlement at Somers he was married to Bethia, daughter of Jacob Hill, of Cambridge, Mass. Jabez, their only child, died suddenly while a member of Yale College, March 16, 1794, in his seventeenth year. The publications of Dr. Backus were numerous. From 1785 to 1798, he published twelve distinct sermons, besides five discourses on the divine authority of the scriptures, in 1797. For a more particular description reference may be had to Dr. Sprague's Annals, Vol. II, p. 62. Backus, Rev. yoseph W., is now pastor of the Congregational Church at Thomaston, Conn, Chester, Rev. Albert T., D. D., is a Presbyterian clergyman ; resides in Buffalo, N. Y., and is Principal of a flourishing female academy located in that city. Converse, Rev. George S., is an Episcopal clergyman and at the present time is Rector of St. James' church, at Roxbury, Mass. Ellis, Rev. yonathan, sixth son of Rev. John Ellis, was born at West Farms, April 1 1, 1762. He fitted fur college under the instruc tion of his father and graduated at Yale in the class of 1786. Devoting the requisite period to a theological course of reading, he was ordained pastor of the congregational church at Topsham, Maine, in 1789, This connection continued till 1810, when he was dismissed, and on the following year deposed from the ministry on account of charges against his moral character. He was actively interested in the estab lishment of Bowdoin College and a candidate for the Professorship of Languages, and would probably have succeeded in securing the situation except for the " Harvard " influence which was brought to bear upon X'-tfS:-; -^s> 69 the appointment. He was a good linguist and quite a number of scholars were prepared for admission to college under his instruction. It is said that he was also something of a poet. He published a eulogy in verse on Washington, delivered Feb. 22, 1800. After residing a few years at Bath, he left his eastern home unaccom panied by any merftber of his family, and never returned. Previous to 1827, letters were occasionally received from him, but later his family had no trace of his whereabouts. For a time he was engaged in teaching in Pennsylvania, but when last heard from was in Delaware. He married, in 1790, Mary Fulton, of Topsham, by whom he had ten children. She lived to an advanced age. One son, Asher Ellis, re ceived the degree of M. D., at Bowdoin College in 1832, and settled at Brunswick, Maine, Another son. Rev, Robert Fulton Ellis, became a Baptist clergyman, Ellis, Rev. Stephen, son of Stephen and Rebecca (Huntington) Ellis, was born at Franklin, April 16, 1801, At an early age his parents removed to Pennsylvania, Shortly afterwards he left his home and entered the school of a maternal cousin. Rev, John C. Rudd, D. D,, at Elizabethtown, New Jersey, where he remained as pupil and assist ant teacher for about ten years. Having thus acquired a tolerably thorough preliminary education, he entered upon the study of theology under the direction of a Presbyterian clergyman in Elizabethtown, where by close application he made rapid progress. In 1830 he was licensed by the New London Association at New London, and soon thereafter preached his first sermon at Franklin. After preaching three years at West Stafford, Conn., where he declined an invitation to settle permanently in the ministry, and two or three years in Susque hanna county, Pennsylvania, he was finally ordained at Great Bend, Pa., in 1836, After several years of faithful service at this place, he removed to Delaware county. New York, first to the town of Meredith, and finally to the village of Davenport, where he died Aug. 13, 1848, of dysentery. He was everywhere esteemed as a faithful pastor. He also labored actively and heartily to advance the benevolent enterprises of the age, even to the end of life. In 1831, he married Lydia A, Mott, a resident of his native place, who with one daughter survives him, Fillmore, Rev. Amaziah, eldest son of Comfort and Zerviah (Bos- worth) Fillmore, and grandson of the famous Capt. John Fillmore, was Dorn at West Farms, Sept, 26, 1765, and early became a local preacher of the Methodist Episcopal church. He was licensed as an exhorter, 5 JO March 2, 1799, at Norwich, by Shadrich Bostwick, Presiding Elder, ordained Deacon June 6, 1810, by Bishop Asbury, and ordained an Elder June 13, 1823, at Providence, by Bishop George, He preached many years before he was ordained Deacon or Elder, but his labors were then and afterwards confined to his native town and the immediate vicinity. He died April 5, 1 847, Fillmore, Rev. Comfort Day, youngest brother of the above, was born at Franklin, July 8, 1792, and also became a local Methodist preacher. He took ministerial license about 1828, and Deacon's orders in 1834, from Bishop Hedding. He also received from the same prelate. Elder's orders in 1845. His field of labor was in his native town and vicinity. His services were particularly sought for upon funeral occasions. In 1848 he removed to the adjoining town of Lis bon, and again in 1859, to Norwich, where he died July 9, 1867. Fillmore, Rev. Daniel, eldest son of Rev. Amaziah Fillmore, was born at Franklin, Dec. 29, 1787. Having well improved such advan tages as the common district schools of Connecticut then afforded for an education, he joined the Methodist Itinerancy in June, 1811, and was appointed to the Falmouth circuit in Maine. He early rose to an honorable position among his brethren, and filled many of the most important stations in New England, as at Portland, Me., Portsmouth, N, H,, Boston, Charlestown, Lynn, Nantucket and New Bedford, Mass., and Providence, R. I. To each of these stations he was re-ap pointed and remained two years at each term. He was for many years Secretary of the New England Conference, the duties of which office he discharged with distinguished ability. He was also an ardent and active friend of education in the chuirch, and for several years performed the duties of financial agent of the Wesleyan University for the Prov idence Conference, As one of the founders of Methodism, he most cheerfully shared in the labors, struggles and poverty of its early years, and lived to witness its successes and triumphs ; and to but few men in New England is this branch of the church more indebted for its present prosperity. In 185 2 ^^ "^^^ P*^' upon the superannuated list. It may be said of him, that he was one of the first generation of Methodist preachers in New England, most of whom have passed away. He died at Providence, R, I,, Aug, 13, 1858, leaving an example of christian faithfulness and ministerial fidelity worthy of imitation. Fillmore Rev. Hiel, fourth son of Rev, Amaziah Fillmore, was born at Franklin, July 27, 1795, and became a local preacher of the Metho ¦ 71 dist Episcopal Church, as did his father before him. In 1823 he was authorized to exhort and hold meetings, by Isaac Jennison, a circuit preacher. In 1832 he was ordained a Deacon at Proyidence, by Bishop Hedding, and in 1846 was ordained an Elder at Norwich Falls, by Bishop Waugh. He preached and performed other ministerial labors in his own town and neighborhood as his services were required. He died at Norwich, whither he had removed a few years previous, July 27, 1862. Fillmore, Rev. yesse, is a Methodist clergyman, who now resides at Providence, Rhode Island. Hartshorne, Rev. Elijah, yr., son of Doctor Elijah Hartshorne, was born at Franklin in 1 790, Under the instruction of his pastor. Rev, Samuel Nott, he was prepared for college and graduated at Yale in the class of 1815, A few years later he was licensed as a preacher, and temporarily supplied many pulpits in the vicinity, but was never or dained. He died at Franklin, Sept. 19, 1840, unmarried, Huntington, Rev. Asahel, son of Barnabas and Anne (Wright) Huntington, of the sixth generation from Simon Huntington, the emi grant ancestor of the family, was born at West Farms, March 17, 1761. He was prepared for college under the teaching of his pastor. Rev. Samuel Nott, and entered Dartmouth where he graduated in 1786 with the i rst honors of his class. His theological studies were pursued under instruction of the Rev. Doctors Backus, of Somers, and Hart, of Gris wold. He was ordained and settled as pastor of the congregational church at Topsfield, Mass., Nov. 12, 1789, After a faithful ministry of nearly twenty-four years to a devoted people, he died suddenly at this plac , April 22, 1813, of malignant sore throat. He married, June 2, 1791, Alethea, daughter of Doctor Elisha Lord, of Pomfret, Conn. The late Doctor Elisha Huntington, of Lowell, and the Hon. Asahel Huntington, of Salem, were his sons, Huntington, Rev. David, son of Ezra and Elizabeth (Huntington) Huntington, of the sixth generation from Simon Huntington, the im migrant ancestor of the family, was born at Franklin, April 24, 1788. He was prepared for college under the instruction of Rev. Samuel Nott, and entered Union at Schenectady, where he graduated in 1809. He studied theology, and was ordained Deacon of the Protestant Episcopal Church, by Bishop Hobart, in Trinity church. New York City in 1812; and was ordained Priest in St, Paul's church, at Charlton, N. Y., three 72 years later. He was a devoted Episcopalian, though it is said that he did not class himself either with the High Church or Low Church party, maintaining that those who went beyond, or fell below the accepted standards of the church, were equally in error. For several of his last years he resided at Harpersville, N. Y., without parochial charge. He died at this place, April 9, 1855. Hyde, Rev. Alvan, D. D., son of Joseph Hyde by his first wife, Abigail Abell, being of the sixth generation from William Hyde, the Proprietor, was born at West Farms, Feb. 2, 1768, He was prepared for college by his pastor. Rev, Samuel Nott, and graduated at Dart mouth in the class of 1788, In the autumn of 1789, he placed him self under the instruction of the Rev. (afterwards Dr.) Charles Backus, of Somers, as a theological teacher, and was licensed to preach by the Tolland Association of Congregational ministers the year following. At the earnest solicitation of the church and society in Lee, Mass,, he was ordained to the work of the gospel ministry in that place, June 6, 1792, The sermon on the occasion was preached by Rev, (after wards Dr,) Samuel Nott, It is said that Dr, Hyde's manner in the pulpit was solemn, grave and earnest, but never impassioned. He spoke as one who felt that " he must give account," and whose only aim was to win souls to Christ by a clear and simple presentation of gospel truth. He had a high reputation as a theological teacher, and assisted, at different times, be tween thirty and forty young men in their preparation for the ministry. He was also an active friend and patron of Williams College, and was in some way officially connected with that institution for more than thirty years. He died at his post, at Lee, Dec. 4, 1833, after an eminently successful ministry of more than forty-one years' continuance. An interesting memoir of him was published in 1835, In April, 1703, he was married to Lucy, daughter of Benjamin Fessenden of Sandwich, Mass, Of their eleven children only six survived the father. Of his publications a list may be found in Dr, Sprague's Annals, Vol, II, page 303, Hyde, Rev. Charles, is a Congregational clergyman who has retired from the pastoral office and now resides at Ellington, Conn, Hyde, Rev. Eli, third son of Eli and Rhoda (Lathrop) Hyde, and great-grandson of John Hyde of the third generation, was born at West Farms, Jan. 20th, 1778, He was prepared for college by his pastor. Rev, Samuel Nott, and graduated at Yale in the class of 1803. 73 After a thorough theological course of reading under the instruction of Rev, Doctors Calvin Chapin, of Wethersfield, and Ciprian Strong, of Chatham, he was ordained as a Presbyterian clergyman, at Oxford, N. Y., in the spring of 1808. After a ministry of about four years at this place, he was dismissed, and afterwards, in the summer of 1 8 1 2, he de voted several months to missionary labor in northern New York, then but sparsely settled. The next year he was installed in the ministry at Amenia in the same State, and subsequently at Salem, Conn., and Salis bury, Vt. As a religious teacher, he was eminently sound and scrip tural in his theological views, and as a pastor, faithful and devoted to his consecrated work. He died at Franklin, Oct. 3, 1856. In Nov. 1807, he was married to Sarah, daughter of Rev. Samuel Nott, who still survives him, Hyde, Rev. yohn, eldest son of Vaniah and Rebecca (Barker) Hyde, and great-grandson of Thomas Hyde of the third generation from William, the Proprietor, was born at West Farms, July 7, 1776, Having been prepared for college by his pastor. Rev, Samuel Nott, he entered Yale, where he graduated in the class of 1803, After devoting the usual period to a theological course under Rev, Asahel Hooker, then of Goshen, but afterwards of Norwich, Conn,, he was ordained pastor of the Congregational church at Hamden, Conn., in April, 1806, which charge he resigned after a ministry of about five years. He was installed in 1812 pastor of the church in Preston, Conn., where he remained fifteen years. He was then dismissed, and in the spring of 1828 was again installed at North Wilbraham, Mass., where he re mained about five years. After this he preached in various places, but did not again become a settled pastor. Mr. Hyde died at Franklin, much respected and beloved, Aug. 14, 1848, aged 72 years. He mar ried, April 22, 1806, Susan, daughter of Rev. Samuel Nott. She died at West Killingly in 1842. Hyde, Rev. Lavius, third son of Joseph Hyde by his second wife, Julitta Abell, and great-grandson of Thomas of the third generation, being the sixth from William Hyde, the Proprietor, was born at Frank lin, Jan. 29, 1789. He graduated at Williams College in 1813, studied theology at Andover, and was ordained pastor of the Congregational church at Salisbury, Conn., in 1818, In 1824 he was installed over the church in Bolton, Conn., and was afterwards pastor at Ellington, Conn., Wayland and Becket, Mass., and was finally re-settled at Bolton, When 70 years of age, in accordance with a previously expressed pur pose, he retired from the pastoral office and became a resident at Vernon, Mr, Hyde was a man of extensive research and of rare attainments. 74 He was the author of an interesting memoir of his half-brother. Rev, Alvan Hyde, D. D., published in 1835, and was the friend and literary executor of Carlos Wilcox, and published his biography, with selections from his writings. He was possessed of much warmth of religious feeling, and was everywhere regarded as a faithful and devoted pastor, He died at Vernon, April 3, 1865. He was married in 1818, to Alice Bradley, of Stockbridge, Mass., who, with one son and three daughters, survives him. Ladd, Rev. Beaufort, is a retired Congregational clergyman who, at the present time, resides at Victory, Cayuga county, N. Y. Moseley, Rev. Peabody, son of Increase and Mary Moseley, born at West Farms, Aug. 19, 1724, became a Baptist clergyman and resided and preached successively at Norwich, Mansfield, and Granby, Conn. He married Mary, eldest daughter of Capt. Jacob Hyde, Aug. 2, 1748. About the year 1780, he and his wife and a part of his children, joined the society of Shakers at New Lebanon, N. Y,, where he died in Sept,, 1791, Mrs. Moseley survived him about 25 years, and finally died with the Shakers at New Lebanon. Munsell, Rev. yabez, youngest son of Henry and Sarah (Hyde) Munsell, was born at West Farms, about 1769. He was prepared for college under Rev. Samuel Nott, and graduated at Dartmouth in the class of 1794; took a second degree at Yale in 1799; was settled as a Congregational minister at Gill, Mass., in 1802 ; resigned his charge in 1805, and removed to Richmond, Va., where he died in 1832. Nott, Rev. Eliphalet, D. D., son of Stephen and Deborah (Selden) Nott, being of the fifth generation from John Nott, Sen., of Wethers field, was born at Ashford, Conn., June 25, 1773, but Frankhn early became his adopted home. It is said that he was favored with an ex cellent mother ; and it is, doubtless, due to the fostering care of this tireless woman, that the foundations for his future eminence were early and securely laid. His subsequent preliminary education was acquired mainly under the instruction of his brother. Rev. Samuel Nott, D. D. Although he received the degree of Master of Arts from Brown Uni versity in 1795, he had not the benefit of a regular collegiate course of instruction ; but the want of this, however, was compensated by a natural facility in acquiring knowledge. Having studied theology under the Rev. Joel Benedict, D. D., of Plainfield, Conn., he was licensed and sent out as a Missionary to Central New York. Not long after wards, he established himself as a clergyman and principal of an acad emy at Cherry Valley, then a frontier settlement in that state. In 75 1 798 he become pastor of the Presbyterian church, in Albany, where he remained for the next six years, and at this period he had few equals in pulpit eloquence in the country. In 1804 he delivered his very eloquent discourse upon the death of Hamilton which, doubtless, secured his appointment in that year, as fourth President of Union College, He continued to manage the affairs of this Institution with extraordi nary ability for a period of more than sixty years, and under his guid ance such men as Francis Wayland, William H, Seward and Judge Kent, were raised up to shed luster upon the present age. President Nott, in his intercourse with his pupils, had the rare faculty of inspiring in them a sense of self-respect, and o calling forth their earnest, manly qualities of head and heart. Of an original cast of mind, developed by elaborate culture, he had large inventive powers, which I e did not fail to devote to useful purposes, for he took out, at different times, more than thirty patents for the generation and application of heat, including that for the celebrated stove bearing his name. He died at Schenectady, Jan, 29, 1866, aged 92 years. His published works are. Addresses to Young Men, Temperance Ad dresses, and a volume of Sermons, Nott, Rev. yohn W., is an Episcopal clergyman; resides at Frost- burgh, Md,, and is without parochial charge. He is at present employed in teaching, Nott, Rev. Samuel, yr., son of Rev. Samuel Nott, D. D., and Lucretia (Taylor) Nott, was born in Franklin, Sept. 11, 1788. He was prepared for college by his father, and entered Union, where he graduated in 1808. He then entered the theological seminary at Andover, where he remained about one year. Having obtained a min isterial license, he preached in various pulpits during the next two or three years, after which he was ordained in the Tabernacle church, at Salem, Mass., Feb. 6, 1812, with Newell, Judson, Hall and Rice, and the same month sailed for Calcutta to enter the foreign field as a mis sionary to the heathen, being one of the little band of pioneers sent forth by the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions, then but recently organized. He returned from India to this country in Aug., 1816. Shortly afterwards he took charge of a school composed of young ladies, in the city of New York, which he continued to con duct till the spring of 1823, when he removed to Galway, in the same state, and became the pastor of the Presbyterian church in that place. This relation was dissolved in 1829, when he removed to Wareham, Mass., and became the pastor of the Congregational church in that 76 town. He was dismissed from this charge in 1846, but continued to reside in the place for the next twenty years, employed much of the time in teaching. The last year of his life was passed at the residence of his son, in Hartford, Conn., where he died June 1, 1869. He mar ried, Feb. 8, 1812, Roxanna Peck, also of Franklin, who with their seven children survives him. His published works, most of which appeared at an early date, are "Sermons for Children," 3 vols. ; " Sermons from the Fowls of the Air and Lilies of the Field "; " Sermons on Public Worship "; " Appeal to the Temperate "; " Temperance and Religion "; " Freedom of the Mind "; " The Telescope "; " A Sermon on the Idolatry of the Hindoos "; " A Discourse on the Death of President Harrison "; etc. Nott, Rev. Stephen T., youngest son of Rev. Samuel Nott, D. D., was born at Franklin, June 20, 1802. He fitted for college under the instruction of his father, and graduated at Union in 1822. He also acquired a competent knowledge of theology under the paternal roof; obtained a ministerial license from the New London Association of Congregational ministers, and preached in a number of pulpits in this and the adjoining States, but was never ordained. He died at the family mansion in Franklin, July 23, 1828, unmarried. Prentice, Rev. Erastus L., is a Methodist clergyman ; belongs to the New York Conference, and resides at Poughkeepsie in that State. Rudd, Rev. yohn Churchill, D. D., son of Jonathan and Mary (Huntington) Rudd, was born at West Farms, May 24, 1779, He was prepared for Yale College by Rev, Samuel Nott, but from adverse circumstances he was prevented from taking a collegiate course. He was educated a congregationalist, but it is said that he felt some difficulty, even at an early period, respecting the distinctive features of Calvinism, and the result of his reading and reflection was only to establish him in the Episcopal system ; and he was accordingly admitted to Deacon's Orders, by Bishop Moore in 1805, and to Priests' Orders by the same venerable prelate the year following. After a few months of missionary labor on Long Island, at the suggestion of Bishop Moore, he took charge of St, John's Parish, Elizabethtown, N. J., and shortly afterwards was instituted its rector. While at this place, he edited the " Churchman's Magazine," a religious periodical. In 1826 he resigned his charge in consequence of failing health and voice, and removed to Auburn, N. Y., to take charge of an academy. The year following he commenced another religious periodical, " The Gospel Messenger," which he con- 77 tinned to conduct to the end of his life. In 1822 he received the honorary degree of D, D,, from the University of Pennsylvania, Dr, Rudd died at Utica, N, Y,, Nov, 15, 1848, He married, in 1803, Phebe Eliza, daughter of Edward Bennet, of Shrewsbury, N, J,, but had no children. Smith, Rev. yoshua, second son of Joshua and Elizabeth (Harts horne) Smith, was born at Franklin, March 1, 1809. After a thorough preparation for college, he graduated at Yale in the class of 1833, He was subsequently employed for some time in teaching, and then entered the theological seminary at Alexandria, Va., to qualify himself for the ministry of the Protestant Episcopal Church. After graduating at the seminary, he was ordained Deacon by the Rt. Rev. Richard Channing Moore, Jan. 10, 1840, and shortly after went as a missionary of the Protestant Domestic and Foreign Missionary Society, to Cape Palmas, Western Africa, He returned to the United States in 1844, and re sided successively at Batavia, Rochester and Buffalo, N. Y., and finally removed to Newark, N, J,, in 1853, He was ordained Priest by Bishop Doane, April 28, 1863, and took charge of a colored congregation in Newark, where he died Aug. 19, 1865, unmarried. Stanton, Rev. Robert P., is now pastor of the Congregational church at Greenville, Conn, Willes, Rev. Daniel, E., is an Episcopal clergyman, and resides at Hobart, Albany county, N. Y, Note G. PHYSICIANS OF WEST FARMS, NOW FRANKLIN. The medical profession in ancient Norwich was more than respectable ; was distinguished. As practitioners, several of its members had few ¦superiors in the country, and West Farms had her full proportion of men of ability. The first that we shall notice as coming under our observation, was Dr. yohn Olmstead, or Holmstead, who came to Norwich from Saybrook with the colony of settlers in 1660, and was classed as one of the Original Proprietors. Though originally located at the Town Plot, he was, for a considerable time, the sole physician of the settlement at West Farms. He was something of a surgeon, and is said to have had considerable skill in the treatment of wounds, particularly those caused 78 by the bite of the rattlesnake. He was fond of frontier life and enjoyed in a high degree the sports of the chase. He died in 1686. Dr. Solomon Tracy was the next physician in the order of time. He was the fifth son of Lieut. Thomas, and came to Norwich in 1660 with his father, at the age of nine years. When of suitable age he was in structed in the healing art by Dr. Olmstead, and located in business at the Town Plot. As his elder brother, John, had settled at West Farms, he was drawn thither, and for a considerable time was the sole physician in this section. He died July 9, 1732. Dr. David Hartshorne was the earHest physician who actually settled at Norwich West Farms. Dr. Hartshorne was born in Reading, Massa chusetts, 1656. He first located in business in his native town, where he continued till about the year 1700, when he removed to this place. In his new field of labor he was highly esteemed as a physician, and was a leading man both in civil and ecclesiastical affairs. He was also one of the original deacons of the church, and generally held in trust the funds of the society. Dr. Hartshorne died November 3d, 1738. Dr. Robert Bell, from Ipswich, father-in-law of Capt. John Fillmore, was a cotemporary of Dr. Hartshorne, and was located near the present village of Baltic. He died Aug. 23, 1727, Dr. yohn Sabin was born in Pomfret, Windham county, Connecti cut, 1696. Removing early to Portapaug, he acquired an extensive practice. Upon his tombstone it is stated that he was captain of one of the Norwich foot companies. The fact that he was several times deputed as agent to transact important business with the legislature, shows that he was held in estimation. He married for second wife, Nov. 3d, 1730, Hannah Starr, of Dedham; died March 2d, 1742. Dr. Sabin was the ancestor of Hon. LaFayette S. Foster, U. S. Sen ator from Connecticut and Vice President of the Senate. Dr. Thomas Warden should certainly be noticed as among the early physicians at West Farms. He was a son of Samuel Worden, read medicine with Dr. Hartshorne, and resided upon the hillside a short dis tance south-west from the village of Baltic. Although his advantages were slender and his location obscure, and although his death occurred more than a century ago, (1759,) yet his name has been handed down to our own time in connection with a prescription which he originally used in his practice. Dec. 17, 1728, the town voted to Dr. Thomas Worden " for travel and Medisons applied to Ebenezer Hunter's child, 3-" 79 As indicating the public solicitude early manifested for the unfortu nate poor, we add a few items from the records. — "Jan. 4, 1726-7, voted to allow Dr. David Hartshorne, for services to Gaylor, £0. 7s. od." "To Thomas Blythe, for tending Gaylor, £2. 2s. od." "To 13 watchers with Gaylor, 2S. each per night, £2. 2S. od." December 19, 1727, "To Thomas Blythe, for digging Gaylor's grave, £0. 5s. od." July 5, 1727, "The inhabitants do now by their vote, agree to allow to each man that watches with Micah Rood, two shillings per night. Also to those who have attended said Rood by the day, three shillings per day," "Dec. 17, 1728, to Jacob Hyde, for digging Micah Rood's grave, £0. 4s, od." Dr. Theophilus Rogers was born at Lynn, Massachusetts, October 4th, 1699, the sixth in descent from John Rogers, the proto-martyr, who was burned at Smithfield, February 4th, 1555. Dr. Rogers studied his profession, and practiced for a while, in Boston. Afterwards he removed to Norwich West Farms, where he entered upon a wide sphere of usefulness. Dr. Roger's name has come down to us in connection with striking eccentricities. While he possessed firmness and good judgment as a physician, his natural timidity was excessive. It is said that he built his house, which is still standing, [the residence of the late Jason W, Kingsley] very low between joints in order to avoid danger from high winds, and covered the windows with wooden shutters, to keep out the glare of lightning. Whenever called abroad in the night, he preferred to have some one accompany him. He died Sept. 29, 1753. His wife died on the 17th of November, of the same year, and both sleep in one grave. Dr. Ezekiel Rogers, eldest son of the above, was born October 2, 1723. Talented and amiable, he entered upon his professional career with bright prospects. But the hopes of many friends were doomed to disappointment, for in the flower of youth he died, Nov. 11, 1745. Dr. yohn Barker, whose residence was located in the eastern part of the West Farms Society, was the eldest son of John and Hannah (Brewster) Barker, and was born in Lebanon, Connecticut, in 1729. The ordinary school advantages of that day he carefully improved. As a medical student in the office of Dr. Joseph Perkins, his close appHca- tion, keen insight into the mysteries of disease, and particularly his 8o quick and accurate interpretation of equivocal symptoms, gave certain promise of future success. Commencing business in 1750, he labored in the same field for more than forty years, till stricken down by sudden death. As a physician. Dr. Barker enjoyed an enviable popularity, both with the public and the profession. He was extensively employed in consultation throughout eastern Connecticut, and great deference was yielded to his opinions. He was one of the original memorialists who petitioned the legisla ture for a medical society. Not discouraged by that attempt, he and his compeers persevered till, ten or twelve years later, their efforts resulted in the organization of a voluntary association, with Dr. Barker for its first President. To this position he was annually re-elected so long as he lived. Many anecdotes of Dr. Barker are still preserved. For these we have no room. But even without collateral evidence, these would show that he was a man of sparkling wit, quick perceptions, sound common sense, and not least, generous heart. It was to these strong and noble traits of character that he owed his success, for he was not graced with elegance of person or polish of manner, nor did his pointed repartees derive their force from any fastidious selection of words. His careless and slovenly habits led a cotemporary to remark, — " Barker, a. diamond, was both coarse and rough. But yet a diamond was, of sterling worth." He died June 13, 1791, of cholera morbus. On the 1 9th of September following. Dr. Philemon Tracy, by appointment, delivered a eulogy on his life and character, before the New London Co. Medical Society. Dr. Obadiah Kingsbury, son of Ephraim Kingsbury, was born at West Farms, 1735. He studied with Dr. Barker, and located in his native parish. Though dying in 1776, at an early age, he accumulated, by his industry, a handsome estate. Dr. Nathaniel Hyde was born at West Farms, 1 746, and was the fourth son of Abner Hyde. He studied with Dr. Barker, who had mar ried his sister, and located in West Farms near the residence of the late Tommy Hyde. He was a judicious practitioner, though his remedies were chiefly of a domestic character. His field of labor was limited, and he had abundant leisure, which was devoted to reading and medita tion. The English classics were his favorite field, and he could recite the whole of Paradise Lost from memory. He is said to have done most of his business on foot. Dr. Hyde never married; died 1832, Dr. Benjamin Ellis, son of Rev. John Ellis, was born at West Farms, 1752, He studied with Dr. Joshua Downer of Preston, and settling at West Farms, acquired an extensive practice, particularly in the department of obstetrics. Dr, Ellis died in 1825, Dr. Elijah Hartshorne was born at West Farms, 1754. He studied with Dr. Phillip Turner, and located in the southern part of his native society. Dr. Hartshorne was a careful and judicious practitioner. His field was a circumscribed one, and he did his business on foot. His death occurred in 1839, These three cotemporaries were succeeded by Dr. Reuben Burgess, who died in 1833. The Writer located in Franklin, in 1829, and has been the sole practitioner of the place since 1833. Thus much for the resident physiciaijs of Franklin. We subjoin brief notices of those natives of Franklin who have located as physicians in other places : — Dr. Christopher Huntington was the eldest son of Christopher, of West Farms, and grandson of Christopher, the first male child born in Norwich, Dr, Huntington located in Bozrah, and appears to have been the sole phy sician of New Concord, during its early history; died in 1800, He married, September 29, 1748, Sarah Bingham, and had six chil dren, of whom the youngest, Christopher, became a physician. Dr. Theophilus Rogers, yr., was the son of Dr. Theophilus Rogers, of West Farms, with whom he studied his professson. He located at Bean Hill. The labors of an extensive practice, he performed, accord ing to the usual custom, on horseback. In the revolution. Dr. Rogers was a staunch whig, a member of the committee of safety, and very active in the cause of liberty. He married, March 25, 1754, Penelope Jarvis, of Roxbury, and had one son and three daughters. He died, September 29, 1801, aged 70, He was noted for rigid adherence to etiquette and nicety in matters of dress and appearance. Habitual courtesy, gracefiil manners, and skill in the winsome play of conversation, threw a charm around his presence which was felt alike by young and old. The name and family have been distinguished in both the medical and clerical professions, on each side of the Atlantic, Dr. Elisha Tracy, son of Captain Joseph Tracy, was born at West Farms., in 1712, and graduated at Yale College in 1738, It was the 82 wish of his friends that he should enter the ministry, but yielding to his own predelictions, he commenced the study of medicine under the di rection of Dr. Theophilus Rogers, Sen., and settled in business in Nor wich. He possessed thorough classical scholarship, and was well versed in medical liierature. In 177s, Dr. Tracy was appointed one of the members of a commit tee to examine all candidates applying for situations in the army, either as surgeons or assistant surgeons. For his earnest advocacy of inoculation for small pox, he encountered a storm of prejudice and persecution. By two grand jurors of the county he was presented "for communicating the small pox, by inocu lation, to Elijah Lathrop and Benjamin Ward, both of Norwich, afore said, and sundry other persons, against the peace, and contrary to the laws of this state." Pleading guilty to the charge, he was held in a recognizance of sixty pounds, to appear and answer before the county court. He was fortunate, however, in living to see his own views very generally adopted by the community. Dr, Tracy was the author of the inscription in memory of Samuel, Uncas,* that brought to light the obscure Indian word, " Wauregan," which has since acquired great local popularity. After an active Hfe of forty-five years, he died, in 1783, widely be loved and lamented. Dr. Samuel H. Barker, son of Dr. John Barker, born at West Farms, in 1753, studied medicine with his father, and located in busi ness at Lebanon Crank, now Columbia, where he died, June 11, 1794, much lamented. In an obituary notice by one of his pupils, we find the following : — " If worth and merit from death's jaws could save. Barker, our friend, had always shunned the grave." Dr. Phineas Hyde, son of Phineas Hyde and maternal grandson of Dr. Theophilus Rogers, was born at West Farms, 1 749, He practiced successively at Poquetanock and ystic. During the Revolution he was a surgeon in the service both in the army and navy, i e died in 1820, * The epitaph is as follows : — " For beauty, wit, for sterling sense, For temper mild, for eloquence, For courage bold, for things wauregan, He was the glory of Moheagan — Whose death has caused great lamentation Both in ye English and ye Indian nation." 83 Dr. Luther Waterman was born at West Farms about 1750. He married Jerusha, daugherof his preceptor. Dr. Barker, He was attached as surgeon to the forces under Colonel Knowlton, during the campaign of 1776, After the war he removed to the west. Dr. Gurdon Huntington, son of Dea. Barnabas, was born at West Farms, in 1768, His preliminary studies were under the direction of his pastor. Rev, Samuel Nott, and in medicine he was the pupil of Dr, Lord, He located in business at Unadilla, N, Y,, where he died, July 13, 1847, Dr. Asher Huntington, son of Ezra, was born at West Farms, Feb. 25, 1770, He studied medicine under the direction of Dr. Philemon Tracy, and commenced practi e i 1 Preston, Conn., but not very long afterwards removed to Chenango, N, Y,, where he died, in 1833, Dr. Abel Huntington was born at West Farms, 1777. He located at East Hampton, Long Island, was a member of the New York senate, and from 1833 to 1837 represented his district in congress, be sides filling other offices from time to time, and always worthily. Died, 1858, Note H, Biographical sketches of individuals not included in the clerical or medical professions. Foster, LaFayette S., LL.D., was born at Franklin, Nov. 22d, 1806, being a direct descendant of the famous Capt. Miles Standish, and also a lineal descendant of Doctor John Sabin, an early phy sician at West Farms. He graduated at Brown University in 1828; became a lawyer by profession, and located in business in Norwich, where he now resides. He was a member of the General Assembly of Connec ticut for six sessions, between 1839 and 1854, during three of which he was Speaker of the House ; was Mayor of the city of Norwich several years, and was chosen a senator in congress for a term o' six years fro i March 4, 1855, Having been re-elected to that office, he remained in the senate for a period of twelve years, during the last two of which h was President of that body, and acting Vice President of the United States, and in the event of a vacancy would have become President by virtue of his office. He has recently been elected to the Professorship of Law, in Yale College, 84 Fillmore, Hon. Millard, eldest son of Nathaniel Fillmore, and great-grandson of Captain John Fillmore, (of whom a brief notice has already been given,) was born, Jan, 7, 1800, not in Franklin, but Sum mer Hill, N, Y, Though not a native of Franklin, the Fillmore fam ily has so long resided in this locality, and been so identified with its history, that by common consent we claim this distinguished individual as belonging to us. At the age of nineteen years he commenced the study of law, and four years later was admitted to the bar and entered upon his profes sional career at Aurora, N, Y. His political life commenced with his election to the State Assembly in 1829, at about which period he removed to Buffalo, where he now resides. In 1832, he was elected to Congress, and continued to hold a seat in the national legislature, with one or two short interruptions, till 1843, when he declined a re-election. In 1847 he was elected to the office of Comptroller of the State, and the next year was nominated by the whig party as their candidate for Vice President, and was elected to that office in the autumn following. In March, 1849, he assumed the duties of his new position, where he remained till the death of President Taylor, in July, 1850, by which event he was elevated to the presidential chair. His term of office expired in 1853, after which he retired from public life, Hyde, Lieut. Governor Ephraim H., was born at Stafford, Conn, He is a lineal descendant of the first Thomas Hyde of West Farms, now Franklin, who was of the third generation from William the Proprietor, Gov. Hyde's tastes naturally incline to agriculture, and he has devoted the greater part of his life to this pursuit. He has probably been the pioneer of scientific agriculture in this state. He was one of the earliest breeders of Durham stock, and in 1851 began to breed the celebrated Devon stock, and is now the largest breeder in New England, if not in the United States. When Gov. Hyde began breeding imported stock, the sentiment of farmers generally was strongly against it. But, with one or two associates, he persevered, and soon fully established the superiority of the new animals. It is not too much to say that this demonstration of the ca pabilities of stock culture has revolutionized the ideas, if not yet the practice, of the entire farming community of the state. Gov, Hyde also early advocated a greater application of scientific knowledge to the culture of crops, and has been an earnest worker in this field, where the majority of our farmers strangely reject the aid which science stands ready to offer. He was one of a few who received a charter for the Conn. State Agricultural Society, in 1852, and has been connected with the Society in an official capacity since its organization, and since 1859, as president. ^c ^rZ^o^i? LIEUT. " DV. OF CON 85 He was also active in securing the organization of the State Board of Agriculture, in 1866, and has been Vice President of the Board from the first. He was also zealous in forming the Tolland Co, Agricultural Society, and has been its chief officer for a majority of the years. Gov, Hyde is not an active politician, though he has often been called to political office. He was several times the representative of Stafford in the legislature, and in 1867 was elected Lieutenant Governor of the State, to which office he was re-elected the following year. Kingsbury, Col. yacob, was born at Norwich West Farms, June 6, 1756, and was a great-grandson of Joseph Kingsbury, Sr., one of the first deacons of the West Farms church. This ancestor was a resident at Haverhill, Mass., at the time of the Indian massacre in 1708, whence, in June of the same year, he removed with his wife. Love (Ayer,) to West Farms, We may presume that he was drawn hither by the influ ence of the veteran, John Ayer, a kinsman of his wife. On the ma ternal side Col, Kingsbury was descended from Gen. Daniel Dennison, Gov. Thomas Dudley and Sir Richard Saltonstall, prominent members of the early colonies. The ringing call that sounded from Concord over the land, met a quick response from him, and he at once hastened to join the army at Roxbury, and enlisted in the company commanded by his cousin, Capt, Asa Kingsbury, He remained constantly in service, and was, in 1780, commissioned Ensign, in which capacity he served till the end of the war. At its close he was promoted to a Lieutenantcy, and assigned to the western army, where he continued uninterruptedly for fourteen years. During the last nine years of this period, to use his own words, he was "not absent from military duty one hour." This frontier service in those days of ambuscades and massacres, when the posts were weak and widely separated, but the foe numerous and ever on the alert, was one of the greatest toil and danger. Ceaseless vigilance was the only price of safety. He here received the well earned promotions of Captain and Major. The following General Order bears witnesss to the soldierly qualities of Lieut, Kingsbury, and well illustrates the exigencies of the early border service. Fort Washington, 14th January, 1791. Extract of General Orders : The General is highly pleased with the cool and spirited conduct displayed by Lieutenant Kingsbury in repulsing a body of about 300 savages, who surrounded Dunlap's station on Monday morning last and 6 86 besieged it, endeavoring to set it on fire with their arrows, and keeping up a heavy fire against his small party for the space of twenty-five hours, ##**## This spirited defence made by Lieut, Kingsbury, with so small a force as 35 men total, old and young, sick and well, and in such bad works, reflects the greatest credit upon him and his party. The General returns his thanks to him, and directs that the Adjutant transmit him a copy of these orders by the first conveyance, JOS, HARMAR, Brig. General. In 1799 he returned to Connecticut upon a furlough, where he spent the two following years in the recruiting service, and married his wife. Miss Sally P, Ellis, But in 1802, he was again ordered to the frontier, and stationed among the Creek Indians, in Georgia, Toward the close of the following year he was appointed Lieut, Colonel, and transferred to the western army, whence he was shortly transferred to the south western army, where he remained for several years, and in 1809 became Colonel. His services in the south-west covered the years in which Aaron Burr figured largely in that section. Burr called several times at the headquarters of Col. Kingsbury, and was evidently anxious to enlist his sympathies. But the two never met. Col, Kingsbury regarded him with suspicion, and was unwilling to compromise his own honor by intercourse with him. Very early in the war of 1812, Col, Kingsbury was stationed at Detroit, and, as he once stated to the writer, was offered the command at that post which subsequently devolved upon Gen, Hull, and which he himself could not accept, as he was unable to leave his quarters on account of sickness. He was afterwards assigned to the command of Fort Adams, in Newport harbor. While in command at this post, he was appointed Inspector General of the New England forces, in which capacity he served till the close of the war, when he retired to his home in Franklin, He died at Franklin, July 1, 1837, Colonel Kingsbury was a man of unswerving honor and integrity, and followed unflinchingly the path of duty. These qualities were strikingly exemplified throughout the nearly fifty years of his military life, and won for him universal respect and esteem. In the Senate of the United States, Gen, William H, Harrison, mentioning him as the first Captain under whom he served, truly remarked, that neither "Rome nor Sparta ever produced a better soldier," Mason, yeremiah, LL.D., was born at Lebanon Conn,, April 27, 1 768, but his father and several of his elder sisters were born at West 87 Farms, at the old family mansion. He was the second son of Col, Jeremiah Mason, and a lineal descendant of Major John Mason, Des tined for an education and for professional life, he entered Yale College, where he graduated with high honors in 1788, After devoting several years to study in the law office of the Hon, Stephen Rowe Bradley, of Vermont, he was admitted to the bar in that state in 1791, and shortly afterwards commenced his professional career at Walpole, N, H., but was soon inclined by his rapidly growing popularity to seek a broader field for practice, and removed to Portsmouth in the same State, where he became the personal and, as the event proved, life-long friend of Daniel Webster, In 1802 he was appointed Attorney General of that State, and from 1813 to 1817 was a leading member of the United States Senate, but resigned his seat for the purpose of devoting himself more exclusively to his profession, in which he was profoundly learned, particularly in the department of common law. He removed to Boston in 1832, where he died in 1848, He will be remembered by many as the learned and successful advocate of Rev, Ephraim K, Avery, when on trial for the murder of Sarah Maria Cornell, Tracy, Hon. Uriah, son of Eliphalet and great-grandson of John Tracy, the Proprietor, was born at West Farms, Feb. 2, 1755, Being destined for professional life he entered Yale College, where he gradu ated in 1778 ; afterwards read law in Litchfield; settled in that town, and soon rose to eminence in his profession. He often represented his town in the State Legislature, and in 1793 was Speaker of the House. He was a representative in Congress from 1793 to 1796, and from that time onward to 1807 was a leading member of the United States Senate, and a part of the time President pro, tem. of that branch of Congress. He was also a Major-General of militia, and is said to have been an instructive and agreeable companion, ' He died at the national capitol, July 19, 1807, and was the first to be interred in the congressional burying ground. Note I. We append a list of missionaries raised up in Franklin. As the lists heretofore published have been more or less inaccurate, we extend the present list so as to embrace the whole of the original town of Norwich, Year. Narae. Mission. 1761- —Rev. Samson Occum, Oneida, 1766- —Rev. Samuel Kirtland, Oneida. 1771- —Rev. David Avery, Oneida. 1795- -Rev. Eliphalet Nott, D. D., Central Kew York, 1806- -Rev. John Churchill Rudd, D D., Long Island, 1812- -Rev. Samuel Nott, Jr., Mahratta, 1812- -Mrs. Nott, (Roxana Peck,) Mahratta, 1812- -Rev. Eli Hyde, Northern New York 1819- —Rev. Miron Winslow, Ceylon, l8lg- —Mrs. Winslow, (Harriet L. Lathrop,) Ceylon, 1820- -Rev. William Potter, Cherokee, 1825- —Rev. William H, Manwaring, Cherokee, 1826- —Rev, Anson Gleason, Choctaw. 1826- -Mrs. Gleason, (B. W. Tracy,) Choctaw. 1827- -Mrs. Gulic, (Fanny H. Thomas,) Sandwich Islands, 1827- -Mrs. EH Smith, (Sarah L. Huntington,) Syria, 1835- -Mrs. Perry, (Harriet L. Lathrop,) Ceylon, 1835- -Rev. James T. Dickinson, Singapore, 1836- -Rev, William Tracy, Madura, 1836- -Mrs. Cherry, (Charlotte H. Lathrop,) Madura. 1839- -Mrs. Brewer, (Laura L. Giddings,) Oregon. 1839- -Mrs. Cherry, (Jane E, Lathrop,) Ceylon. 1840- -Rev, Joshua Smith, Africa, 1844- -Miss Lucinda Downer, Choctaw. 1844- -Miss Susan Tracy, Choctaw. 1848- -Mrs, C, C, Copeland, (Cornelia Ladd,) Choctaw, 1849- -Miss Eunice Starr, Choctaw, 1852- -Miss EHzabeth Backus, Choctaw, 1852- -Mrs. H. B. Haskell, (Sarah J, Brewster,) Assyrian Mission. 1852- -Rev, Nathan L, Lord, M, D,, Ceylon. 185s- -Rev, William Aitchison, China, 1860- -Rev. WilHam F. Arms, Bulgaria, 89 Note J, The Portipaug, or Norwich Eighth Society, A history of West Farms, or the second society in Norwich, would evidently be incomplete without further allusion to the ecclesiastical history of the eighth society, and a brief sketch of that organization will now be attempted. We have seen that a bitter sectional contro versy existed in the second society for a period of about twenty years, during which time the second church edifice was erected, near the site of the first, in the face of fierce and constant opposition; the factious minority adding to their other opposition, threats of separation, and frequently petitioning the society and General Assembly to that effect. At length, both parties having tired of agitation, it was voted in society meeting', in 1758, "that a number of inhabitants in the north-east part of the Society have leave to withdraw and form a separate organization." This action of the society was confirmed in 1761, when what was ori ginally the north-eastern section of the second, became the eighth society in Norwich. The boundary lines were essentially the same as those that have existed in our own day. The eighth society held its first meeting, June 29, 1761, at which Capt, Jacob Hyde was chosen Moderator, William Brett, Clerk, and Capt, Jacob Hyde, Capt, Benajah Sabin and Capt, John Fillmore, a committee. As the individuals constituting the disaffected party counted upon a final separation as only a question of time, they were careful to secure the material composing the first church edifice when it was removed to make room for the second. This was subsequently erected upon a rise of ground a short distance south-east of the residence of Austin Ladd, upon the opposite side of the highway. A church evidently had been organized, which adopted the peculiarities of the Separatists of that day, a number of years anterior to the legal division of the society ; for, as early as Oct, 29, 1746, Thomas Denison was ordained their pastor, which office he continued to hold for about twelve years. This Thomas Denison is said to have been the owner of the ground upon which this first meeting house was erected. Within one month after its organiza tion, July 21st, 1761, the society voted "to concur with the church in extending an invitation to Rev, Isaac Foster to settle in the work of the gospel ministry among us on the conditions mentioned in the warning," This vote was rescinded January 19th, 1762, But outside troubles have hardly ceased before domestic feuds threaten still greater difficulty. On the nth of June, 1762, the society find it necessary to join with 90 the church in mutual council concerning the difficulties existing in their midst, and also to invoke the arbitration of the General Association, On the 12th of September, 1763, the vote of invitation to Rev, Isaac Foster to become their pastor, was renewed and a committee was appointed to repair to Harvard and Ipswich, Mass,, where Mr. Foster had formerly resided, to enquire concerning his moral character. The investigations of their committee resulted in a second rescission of the invitation to Mr. Foster*. It was next voted. May 9th, 1764, to invite some licensed orthodox candidate that hath been liberally educated, to preach the gospel in said society. Soon afterwards. Rev. Joseph Denison was employed for a number of Sabbaths to supply the pulpit. Mr. Denison had graduated at Yale College the year previous and stood well with the Separates, This might have led to his employment here. For the succeeding two years quite a number of young men were employed to temporarily sup ply the pulpit rather than as candidates for settlement. Of the num ber may be mentioned Reverends James Treadway, Ambrose Collens, Ephraim Judson, Abner Johnson and Thomas Welles Bray, aU of them recent graduates of Yale College, — also Rev, Joseph Lee, a graduate of Harvard, It is thus evident that they were in favor of an educated ministry. In 1766, Rev. Jesse Ives, also a graduate of Yale, was invited to preach, on probation, and subsequently settled as their minister with an annual salary of ninety-five pounds, one half in money and the remainder in provisions. To this sum was added thirty cords of good fire wood delivered at the door of his dweUing. Although Mr, Ives was the only settled pastor ever enjoyed by the eighth society as such, his min istry was of short duration, for in 1770 his salary was withheld by a vote of the society, and shortly afterwards he removed to Monson, Mass, At this period the church, which partook largely of the Separate element, became very feeble, and ere long, it is said, ceased to exist as a distinct organization. And although ttie society had early manifeste.d an earnest purpose by its oft repeated votes to supply the stated minis trations of the gospel, their zeal had so declined that in 1784 a vote was passed to dispose of the meeting house to raise the sum of four pounds, lawful money, to pay the remaining liability of the society to Rev. Jesse Ives. Two years later. May, 1786, this eighth society in * It is not stated what the charges were that were preferred against Mr Foster. He received an honorary degree of A. M. from Yale College in 1739, and from Dartmouth in 1778. He died in 1794. 91 Norwich became the second society in Franklin, It retained a nominal organization by meeting annually at private dweHings for the choice of society officers, tiH the close of the last century, and perhaps somewhat later, but this community does not appear to have enjoyed, during this period, any considerable religious privileges. In 1798 an initial move ment was made in the right direction, to which reference will again be made. If the society, as an ecclesiastical organization, was barely possessed of vitality sufficient to keep it in being, it did not fail to exert a salutary / influence upon the four school districts within its limits. These were v respectively called the " Jockey Island," or 1st district, " Portipaug," or 2d, "Woodtown," or 3d, and "Great HiU," or the 4th. These were solely under its charge and supervision, and it is believed that the society herein faithfully discharged its obligations to the community. The society also voted in 1767 to instruct the committee to treat with Capt. Benajah Sabin for a plot of land for a burying ground. This purchase was to enlarge a plot where graves had already been opened. It was again enlarged in 1792, This cemetery, the only one now in use in this section of the town, has recently been enlarged and greatly improved. The church, which was taken down and sold to Com fort Fillmore, in 1784, and which was used by him in the construction of his dwelling, was substantially the same building that had, at an earlier period, stood upon Meeting House Hill, and parts of this same rude edifice were brought to Meeting House Hill from the Town Plot where they had originally been used in constructing an early church in that locality. It will thus appear that the same building materials which constituted an important part of the meeting house built by John Elderlan, at the Town Plot in 1673, entered somewhat largely into the first church built upon Meeting House Hill more than forty years subsequent to that date. This, in turn, was taken down and re-erected in 1746, in what was afterwards the eighth society in Norwich, and after battling with the elements for nearly forty years longer, it had to succumb a third time, and parts of it were finally converted into a dwelling house, where very possibly some remnants may be found at the present time. But a day of more promise is destined to dawn upon this community, for in 1798, a committee was appointed to select a site for another meeting house. This committee reported in favor of the corner of land then belonging to the Fox heirs, over against the dwelling of Josiah Tracy, 3d, and that one acre of land should be secured. This move resulted in a free church that was erected here a few years later by the voluntary 92 contributions of individuals,* The seats were not only to be free, but the pulpit was to be open for all denominations of christians. Before this house was ready for use, and perhaps for a considerable time anterior to that period, pubHc worship had been more or less regularly held at private dwellings on the Sabbath, Although, as already stated, the pulpit was to be open for aH denom inations, it was almost uniformly and uninterruptedly improved by the Methodists till the village of Baltic sprung up upon the eastern border of the town. After the incorporation of the town of Sprague, in i86i, which included within its limits a large portion of the original eighth society, a new center was not only formed for business, but for public worship on the Sabbath also. As a result, the meeting house which had been statedly occupied on the Sabbath for more than forty years, was deserted, and finally removed and its foundations razed to the earth. * This church was completed in 1815. About thirty years afterwards, (in 1844,) the late Bailey Ayer generously presented the society with the means for procuring a bell. After this bell had pealed forth its familiar sounds from the church tower for one-fourth of a century, and after it had ceased to be heard in its original locality, it was secured by the committee of the first society and transferred to the church on the Hill, where it now regularly breaks the stillness of each returning Sabbath. Index of Names Abell, Abigail, 72; Alpheus, 38 ; Benjamin, 49; Caleb, 49; Experi ence, 56; Joshua, 17, 21, 26,40, 42, 62; Julietta, 73; Mary, 63 ; Simon, 38. Adgate, Hannah, 52 ; Dea. Thomas, 48, AiTCHisoN, Rev, William, 88, Allyn, Edward A,, 62; Elizabeth, 63; Secretary John, 46; Rob art, 48, Andrews, Christian, 51, Arms, Rev, Hiram P,, D.D., 10 ; Rev. Wm. F., 88, Armstrong, Asa, 38; Benjamin, 17, 21, 25, 49; Benjamin, 2d, 38; Jeremiah, 38; John, 17, 21, 25, 49; Jonathan, 49; Joseph, 49; Stephen, 49. Armstrongs, 32, Arnold, John, 49. Arnold Place, 22, 50, Ashbury, Rev, Bishop Francis, 70, Attawanhood, son of Uncas, 45, 46, * Avery, Christopher, 36 ; Rev, David, 64, 65, 66^ 68 ; Rev Ephraim K,, 87 ; John, 65 ; Lydia (Smith), 65. Ayer, Bailey, 92; E, Eugene, j; John, 15, 50, 85; Joseph, 21, 25, 38; Joseph, Jr,, 25, 38, 50, 66; Love, 57, 85; Mary (Bailey), 66; Rev, Oliver, 65, 66; Timothy, 38. Ayerses, 32. Ayer's Gap, 50. B Backus, Rev, Azel, D,D,, 35, 51, 64, 66, 67; Rev, Charles, D.D,, 35, 51, 64, 67, 68, 71, 72; Deborah (Fanning), 66; Miss Elizabeth, 88; Eunice (Kingsbury), 6j ; Hannah, 51; Jabez, Sen., 51, 67; 10 94 Jabez, Jr„ 66; Jabez, 3d, 68 ; John, 50; Joseph, 50; Rev, Joseph W,, 64, 68 ; Mary, 56 ; Mary Ann, 67 ; Nathaniel, 50 ; Stephen, 48 ; William, Sen,, 66, 67; Lieut, William, Jr„ 48, 50; William, 3d, 5°- Badger, John, 22, 25, 51 ; Samuel, 38, 51, Badgers, 32. Baker, Joseph, 25. Baldwin, John, 48. Baltic House, 55, Baret, Margaret, 56, Barker, Hannah (Brewster), 79; Jerusha, 83; John, Sen., 79; Doct, John, 38, -jg, 80, 82, 83; Doct, John, 2d, 64; Capt, Joshua, 39; Doct, Samuel H., 82, Barkers, 32. Barstow, Ebenezer, 51 ; Jerusha, 55 ; Job, 51, 55, 59; Jonathan, 51 ; Yet-once, 51, Batchelor, John, 55 ; Rebecca, 55. Beckwith, Elizabeth, 52. Bell, Dr, Robert, 78, Bellamy, Rev, Joseph, D,D., 6-]. Benedict, Rev, Joel, D.D., 74. Bennet, Edward, 77 ; Phebe EHza, 77. Bingham, Joseph, 38; Mary, 51 ; Sarah, 81 ; Thomas, Sen., 51 ; Dea. Thomas, 48, 51. Birchard, James, 21, 26, 52; John, 16, 48, 5 1 ; Thomas, 51. Birchards, 32. Blackman, Benjamin, 57. Bliss, Thomas, 48. Blythe, Thomas, 79. Bostwick, Rev. Shadrick, 70. Bowers, Morgan, 48. Bradford, John, 48. Bradley, AHce, 74 ; Stephen Rowe, 87. Bray, Rev. Thomas Welles, 90. Brett, Ephraim, 38 ; William, 38, 89. Brewer, Mrs. (Laura L. Giddings), 88. Brown, Elijah, 66 ; Phebe, 66. Burgess, Dr. Reuben, 81, Burr, Aaron, 85, Bushnell, Elizabeth, 57; Joseph, 51; Rebecca, 51 ; Capt, Richard, 24> 57- 95 C Case, Ebenezer, 64, Caulkins, Miss F, M,, 7, 12 ; Dea, Hugh, 48 ; John, 48, Chapin, Rev, Calvin, D,D,, 73, Chaplain, Hannah, 66, Chapman, Simon, 38, Chappel, Ezra, Esq,, 42, 43. Cherry, Mrs, (Charlotte H, Lathrop), 88 ; Mrs. (Jane E. Lathrop), 88, Chester, Rev, A. T,, D,D,, 65, 68 ; Anson G,, 65. Collins, Rev, Ambrose, 90. Converse, Rev. Geo, S., 64, 68 ; Wm. M., 5, Cooley, Rev, Timothy Mather, D,D,, 68. Copeland, Mrs, C, C, (CorneHa Ladd), 88, Corliss, Sarah, 50, Cornell, Sarah Maria, 87. Grain, Jonathan, 63. Crocker, Hannah, 52; Jabez, 52; John, 52; Samuel, 52; Samuel, Jr., 52. Crockers, 32, Cross, John Q., 61 ; Peter, 63, D Demming, Melicent, 67, Dennison, Gen. Daniel, 85 ; Rev. Joseph, 90 , Ruth, 57; Thomas, 36, 89. Dexter, F. B., 12, Dickinson, Rev, James T,, 88. Doane, Rt. Rev. Bishop, jj. Downer, Andrew, 52; Artemas, the Schoolmaster, 33; Joseph, Sen , 22, 25, 52; Joseph, Jr., 52; Dr, Joshua, of Preston, 81; Miss Lucinda, Missionary, 88; Richard, 52, Downers, 32, Dudley, Gov. Thomas, 85. Durkee, Dea, John, 36, 52 ; John, of Ipswich, 52, Dwight, Rev, Timothy, D,D., 67, Duyckinck, 67. Eaton, Gen. William, 41, Edgerton, Hon. Alfred P,, 35, 53; Bela, 53, 65; David, 42, 53; Hannah, 51 ; Joseph, 22, 25, 53; Richard, 48; Samuel, 25, 53 96 Edgertons, 32. Elderkin, James, 34, 38 ; Mrs. James, 34 ; John, Sen., Carpenter and Millwright, 53 ; Sergt, John, Jr„ 21, 25, 53, Elliot, 47, 48. Ellis, Asher, M,D., 69; Dr. Benjamin, 81 ; Rev. Jonathan, 64, 68; Rev. John, 19, 39, 68, 81; Rebecca (Huntington), 69; Rev. Robert F., 69; Sally P., 85 ; Rev. Stephen, 69 ; Stephen, Sen,, 69. F Fargo, Dwight, 57, Fessenden, Benjamin, of Sandwich, 72 ; Lucy, 72. Fillmore, Rev. Amaziah, 69, 70 ; Comfort, 69 ; Rev. C. D., 70 ; Daniel, 70; Rev. Hiel, 70; Rev. Jesse, 1 2, 7 1 ; John, " Mariner," of Ipswich, Mass., 53; Capt. John, 21, 38, 53, 69, 78, 84, 89; Hon. Millard, 21, 35, 84; Nathaniel, 84; Zerviah (Bosworth), 69. Fillmores, 32. Fitch, Rev. James, 15, 48. Foster, Rev. Isaac, 90; Hon. L, F, S,, 35, 61, 65, 78, 83, Fox, Eliphalet, 38 ; Fox Heirs, 91, French, Andrew, 38. Frink, John, 58, Fulton, Mary, 69. Gager, John, the Proprietor, 49, 54; John, the original settler at West Farms, 22, 55; John, 54; Samuel, 54; Dr. WilHam, 54. Gagers, 32. Gaylor, 79. * George, Rev. Bishop, 70. Gifford, Stephen, 48. Oilman, Prof. D. C, 12 ; Rev. E. W., 7. Gleason, Rev. Anson, 88; Mrs. (B. W, Tracy), 88. Gregory, Joanna, 61 ; Miss Miriam, of Stratford, 61, Griswold, Caleb, 55 ; Lieut, Francis, the Proprietor, 48, 55 ; James C, S3 ; Samuel, the Settler, 21, 55 ; Capt. Samuel, 55. Griffin, Joseph A., 58. Gulic, Mrs. (F. H. Thomas), 88, H Hall, Rev. Gordon, 75. Harmar, Gen. Joseph, 85. 97 Harrison, Gen. Wm. H,, 76, 86, Hart, Rev, Levi, D.D,, 67, 71. Hartshorne, Abigail, 61 ; Capt, Asa, 39, 55; Dea, David, 21, 22, 24, z6, 27, 55 ; Doct, David, 78, 79 ; Capt. Ebenezer, 39; Ebenezer, ¦Esq., 33, 61 ; Doct. Elijah, 55, 71, 81; Rev. Elijah, 64, 71; Jonathan, 22, 25, 55; Samuel, 21; Samuel G., 6; Thomas, of Reading, Mass., 55, Hartshornes, 32. Harris, John, 64, Haskell, Mrs, H, B,, 88. Hastings, Bela T., 6, 57; Dan, 6, Hazen, Charles T,, 52; Jacob, 25; John, 25; Dr, John, 64; Mrs. Mary, 55 ; Lieut. Thomas, 21, 25, 26, 55 ; Thomas, Jr., 25. Hedding, Rev. Bishop, 70, 71, Hill, Bethia, 68 ; Jacob, of Cambridge, Mass,, 68. Hobart, Rt. Rev, Bishop John Henry, D,D., 71, Hogskin, William, 22. Hooker, Rev, Asahel, 73, Howard, Thomas, 48, Hull, Gen, William, 86, Hunnewell, Job, 16, Hunter, Ebenezer, 78. Huntington, Hon, Abel, M.D,, 35,83; Anne (Wright), 71; Hon, Asahel, 56, 64, 71; Rev, Asahel, 56, 65, 71 ; Dr, Asher, 83; Azariah, 56; Dea. Barnabas, 71, 83; Christopher, the Pro' prietor, 48, 56; Christopher, the first white male child born in Norwich, 56; Christopher, the early Settler, 22, 25, 56; Dr. Christopher, 81 ; Rev, David, 65, 71 ; Rev, Elijah B,, 12; Dr. Elisha, 65, 71; Elizabeth, 56; Elizabeth (Huntington), 71 ; Ezra, 71; Dr, Gurdon, 83; Hezekiah, 6; Simon, the Immi grant, 56; WiHiam, 56. Huntingtons, 32, Hutchens, John, 64. Hyde, Abner, 80; Rev. Alvan, D.D,, 56, 65, 68, 72, 74; Rev, Charles, 72; Eli, 72; Rev. EH, 64, 72, 88; Elizabeth, the first white child born in Norwich, 56; Hon, Ephraim H., 7, 35, 56, 84; Horatio, 55; Capt, Jabez, 22, 56, 57; Capt. Jacob, 21, 59, 60, 79, 89 ; Jacob, Jr., 38 ; Capt. James, 39 ; Jared, 56 ; John, 56,72; Judge John, 57; Rev. John, 56, 64, 73; Joseph, 38, 72, 73; Joseph L, 5, 51, 59; Rev, Lavius, 56, 65, 73; Lewis, Esq,, 57; Capt, Matthew, 56; Mary, daughter of 1st Thomas, 10* 98 59; Mary, daughter of Capt. Jacob, 59, 74; Dr. Nathaniel, 80; Phineas, Sen., 82 ; Dr, Phineas, 82 ; Rebecca (Barker), 73 ; Rhoda (Lathrop), 72 ; Samuel, the Proprietor and first Settler, 16, 48, 52, 56; Samuel Jr., 25; 1st Thomas, 21, 25, 56, 59, 73, 84; 2d Thomas, 56; 3d, or Capt. Thomas, 56; Tommy, 51 ; Vaniah, 73 ; William, the Proprietor, 48, 56, 72, 73, 84; William B., 6, Hydes, 32. I Ives, Rev. Jesse, 90, J Jarvis, Penelope, 81. Jennison, Rev. Isaac, 71. Johnson, Rev. Abner, 90; Ebenezer, 22, 25 ; Dea. Isaac, 57; John, 16, 25, 57; O. Lewis, 6, 52, 56; WilHam, 57, Johnsons, 32. Jones, Rev. Franklin C, 5, 6. Judson, Rev. Adoniram, 75 : Rev. Ephraim, 90, K Kingsbury, Andrew, 57; Capt. Asa, 85; Ephraim, 57, 80; Eunice, 51 ; Col, Jacob, 39, 57, 85, 86; Hon, John, 57, 64; Jonathan, 64; Dea. Joseph, Sen.; 25, 57, 85 ; Dea, Joseph, Jr., 25, 33, 57 ; Dr, Obadiah, 80; Sanford, 64, Kingsburys, 32, Kingsley, Charles A,, 5, 6; Henry W., 5, 6, 49; Jason W., 63, 79; John, 38; Samuel, 38; Col. Thomas G., 51, Knowlton, Col. Thomas, 39, 83. Ladd, Abner, 38; Rev. Beaufort, 65, 74; David, 21, 25, 38, 57; David, 38, 58; David, 38; Erastus P., 55; Ezekiel, 38, 57; Henry L. M., 55; Jonathan, 25; Joseph, 57; Joseph D., 57; Nathaniel, 25, 57; Samuel, 25; Samuel, Jr., 38, Ladds, 32. Lamb, Guilbert, 53. Langly, Sims, 25. Lathrop, Barnabas, 38 ; Elijah, 82 ; Israel, Sen., 58 ; Sergt. Israel, Jr., 22, 25, 58; Jesse, 58; Capt. John, 22, 58 ; Rev. John, of Lon don and afterwards of Scituate and Barnstable, 58; Rev, John, D.D., of Boston, 58; Leander, 38; Samuel, 58; WiUiam, 58. 99 Lathrops, 32, Ledyard, John, 36, Lee, Jane, 56; Rev, Joseph, 90; Thomas, 56. Leffingwell, Elizabeth, 63 ; Lieut, Thomas, 48, Lord, Alethea, 71 ; David N,, 64; Dr, EHsha, 71 ; Rev. Nathan L., M.D., 88. M Manwaring, Rev. William H., 88, Marshall, O, H,, 65, Mason, Dorothy (Hobert), 58 ; Edward, 62 ; James F., 58 ; Jeremiah, 22, 58; Col. Jeremiah, 87; Hon, Jeremiah, 35, 58, 64, 87; Major John, 14, 15, 46, 48, 58, 87, Masons, 32, M'Call, Dea, Dyer, 41 ; Lucy, 41, Moodam, Mary, 50, Moore, Rt, Rev, Bishop, 76; Rt. Rev. Richard Channing, 77; Wil liam, 16, 63; Zephaniah S., D.D., 68. Morgan, Tabatha, 33. Moseley, Increase, 21, 25, 58, 74; Increase, Jr., 59 ; Mary, 74; Rev. Peabody, 59, 74. Motley, Hon. John L,, the Historian, 58. Mott, Lydia A., 69, Munsell, Henry, 74 ; Rev, Jabez, 65, 74 ; Sarah (Hyde), 74, N Newell, Rev, Samuel, 75, Nott, Deborah (Selden), 74; Rev, Eliphalet, D.D., 41, 65, 74, 75; John, 74; Rev, John W,, 65, 75 ; Roxana (Peck), 76, 88; Rev. Samuel, D.D., 19, 40, 41, 66, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 16, 83 ; Rev. Samuel, Jr., 65, 75, 88; Sarah, 73; Stephen, 74; Rev. Stephen, T., 65, 76; Susan, 73. O Occum, Rev, Samson, 88, Olmstead, Dr. John, 48, i"] , 78. Oneco, or Owaneco, son of Uncas, 45, 46, Pease, John, 48, Peck, Capt, Bela, 59; Benjamin, 22, 26, 29, 59; Elizabeth, 59; Hen ry, 59 ; Simon, 38, 100 Pember, Agnes, 57; John, 21, 57; Thomas, 57. Pembers, 32. Pendleton, Col. Gurdon, 59, Perkins, Dr. Joseph, ig. Perry, Mrs., (H, L. Lathrop), 88, Pessechus, Sachem of the Narragansetts, 62, Pettis, Peter, 59; Samuel, 22, 59, Pettises, 32, Philip, son of Massasoit and Sachem of Poknoket (usually known as "King Philip,") 16, 17, Phillips, Capt. John, the Pirate, 53, Pitcher, Lieut, Jonathan, 38, Portipaug, 47, Post, John, 48 ; Mary, 61. Potter, Rev. William, 88, Pratt, Experience, 53. Prentice, Rev, Erastus L,, 76. R Raymond, Samuel, 38, Reed, Josiah, 48, Reynolds, John, 48 ; Joseph, 22, 25, 51, 59; Joseph, Sen., 59. Rice, Rev. Mr., an early Missionary of the A, B, of C, for F, M,, 75. Ripley, Alice, 53; Rachel, 63. Robinson, Lavius A., 6. Rockwell, Daniel, 25 ; Ruth, 56. Rogers, Dr. Ezekiel, 79 ; John, the proto martyr, 79 ; Dr. Theophilus, 79, 82; Dr, Theophilus, Jr,, 81. Rooerses, 32, Rood, Micah, 22, 60, 61, 79; Thomas, 60. Roods, 32, Rous, Jabez, 38, Royce, Amos F,, 5, 6 ; Jonathan, 48; Jonathan, Jr,, 25, 64, Rudd, Rev, John C, D,D., 69, 76, 77, 88; Jonathan, 61 ; Jonathan, Jr,, 61; Jonathan, 3d, 76; Joseph, 38; Mary, 51; Mary (Hun tington), 76; Sergt, Nathaniel, 17, 21, 26, 61; Nathaniel, Jr,, 21, 61. Rudds, 32. Sabin, Benajah, 38, 89, 91 ; Dr. John, 21, 61, 78, 83. Saltonstall, Gov. Gurdon, 25 ; Sir Richard, 85. lOI Sanford, Miss Velina, 42. Shetucket River, 47. Sluman, Sarah (Bliss), 64; Thomas, Sen., 61; Thomas, 22, 25, 27, 61. Slumans, 32. Smith, Andrew B., 12, 62; Backus, 51; Edward, 62; Mrs. Eli (Sarah L, Huntington), 88 ; Elizabeth (Hartshorne), 77 ; Ezra L., 5, 6; Hon. Gerrit, of Peterboro, 67; John O., 6; Rev. Joshua, 62, 64, 77, 88; Joshua, Sen., 77; Judah, 33; Lovell K., 6; Mehetabel, 49; Nehemiah, 48, 49, 62 ; Sergt. Obadiah, 22, 25, 26, 62; Owen S., 6; Prentice O., 5, 6. Spiller, Mary, 54, Sprague, Messrs, A, and W,, 53; Rev. WilHam B., D.D. , 12, 6-j, 68, 72, Squire, John, 38, Standish, Capt, Miles, 83, Stanton, Rev, Robert P,, 64, 77, Starkweather, George E,, 49, 55, Starr, Miss Eunice, 88 ; Hannah, 78, Stoddard, Samuel, 25. Story, Daniel, 38. Strong, Rev. Cyprian, D.D,, 73. Susquetomscot River, 47. Sweet, Dr, Stephen, 50. Tenney, Joseph, 58. Tracy, Hon, Albert HaHer, 35, 63; Almond, 62; Deborah, 59; Eliphalet, 87; Dr, Elisha, 63, 64, 81 ; Elizabeth, 50; Capt. John, the Proprietor and Settler, 16, 22, 48, 62, 63, 78, 87 ; John, 2d, 62, 63; Hon, John, 6th, 35, 41, 63; Capt, Joseph, 21, 52, 62, 63, 81 ; Josiah, 3d, 91 ; Miriam, 63 ; Dr, Philemon, 21, 63, 80, 81 ; Hon. Phineas L., 35 ; Dr. Solomon, 78 ; Lieut. Thomas, 21, 46, 48, 62, 63, 78; Hon, Uri, 35, 63, 64; Hon, Uriah, 35, 63, 64, 87; Rev, WiHiam, 88; Sergt, Winslow, 22, 35, 62, 63. Tracys, 32. Treadway, Rev, Joseph, 90, Trumble (Trumbull), Jonathan, 36, Trumbull, J, Hammond, 12, 46, Turner, Dr, Phillip, 81. 102 U Uncas, Sachem of the Mohegan Indians, 14, 15, 45, 46, 62 ; Samuel, 82, W Walworth, Hon. R. H,, LL,D,, 12. Ward, Benjamin, 82. Waterman, Miss Betty, 34 ; Cibel, 33 ; Ebenezer, Jr., 33 ; John, 25 ; John, 63 ; John, Jr,, 52 ; Dr, Luther, 39, 83 ; Robert, of Marsh field, 63 ; Ensign Thomas, 49, 55, 63 ; Thomas, 63, Waters, Mary, 57, Waugh, Rev. Bishop, 71. Wawequa, brother of Uncas, 15. Wayland, Rev. Francis, D.D., 75. Wheelock, Rev. Eleazar, D.D,, 66, Whitfield, Rev, George, 65, WicOM, Daniel, 25, Wilcox, Carlos, 74, Willes, Rev, Henry, 50 ; Herman H,, 5, 59, Williams, Roger, 47, Winslow, Gov, Edward, 62 ; Mary, 62 ; Rev, Miron, 88 ; Mrs. Rev, Miron (H, L. Lathrop), 88. Winthrop, John, first Governor of Massachusetts, 54. Wolcott, Sen., Gov. Oliver, 67, Wood, Josiah, 38 ; Thomas, 25, 64, Woods, Rev, Leonard, D,D,, 60. Woodward, Dr. Ashbel, 5, 8, 11, 81; James C, 5; P. Henry, 64; Richard William, 64, Worden, Samuel, 78 ; Dr, Thomas, 78, Worth, Anne, 49, Y Yantic River, 47, YALE UNIVERSITY I ^ ^ lll!isS«i*lft..*Wi,(«g&*,i'. .n - .V^'jf fv^:';.^^^-- r jl,.** II -' ', - ¦ ~ ? 1 1 I. OfVjMiHVnafwiifin - aril!