YALE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY Gift of LOUIS M. RABINOWITZ MONTGOMERYSHIRE WORTHIES MONTGOMERYSHIRE WORTHIES RICHARD WILLIAMS Fellow of the Royal Historical Society SECOND EDITION "Yn mhob gwlad y megir gle-w"—Wdsh Proverb NEWTOWN : Phillips & Son, Peintebs, "Express & Times" Ofeice preface. ¦ N THE YEAR 1875 I commenced the publication in the Mont gomeryshire CoUectior.s of the Powysland Club of a series of " brief " sketches of men identified by birth or long residence, property or office, "with Montgomeryshire and its borders, and whose names are still ' ' remembejed in connection with literature, religion, politics, the arts "and sciences or otherwise." In 188i, such of these sketches as had appeared up to that time were reprinted and published in a, collected form ; but all the copies were soon taken up and for several yeats the work has been out of print. In response to very numerous applications this second edition is now brought out and opportcmity has been taken uot only to thoroughly revise the original edition but also to make very extensive and important additions to it. Prom the nature of the work itself I have necessarily drawn very largely upon others for my facts, but have spared no pains to be strictly accurate, fair aud impartial , aud to put together in a concise and accessible form all that is known of interest or importance relating to the persons whose lives are briefly recorded in these pages. It would be simply impossible for me to enumerate all the sources from which information has been ob+ained or all the kind friends who have so readily and so generously assisted me — "their name is legion " — I trust, therefore, this general acknowledgment of my gratitude will be accepted by them all, and that I may venture to hope that the same kind and indulgent reception which was given to the first edition will also be extended to this. E. WILLIAMS. Celynog, Newtown, 9th August, 1894. ontgam^tlK^^tr^ Pmrf^t^^. ABLHAIAEN. — A saint who lived in the sixth century, and a brother to Llwchaiarn and Cynhaiarn — all three being sons of Hygarfael, son of Cyndrwyn, prince of Powys, " of Llystin- " wennan in Caereinion," probably identical with the Township of Llyssyn, Llanerfyl. The parish church of Guilsfield is said to have been originaUy founded by Aelhaiarn. ALO. — A chieftain of Powys and head of one of the five plebeian tribes of Wales. The others were Gwenwys, Heilyn, Blaidd Ehudd, and Adda Pawr. Why he should be placed at the head of one of the plebeian tribes is not. clear : he was lineally descended from lestyn ab Gwrgant, head of the Tourth Eoyal Tribe of Wales. For arms he bore Or, three lions' heads guardant erased gides, within a bordure engrailed azure. AEDDUlSr BENASGELL ("the wing-headed ").— A daughter of Pabo Post Prydain. She lived in the sixth century, and became wife of Brochwel Tsgythrog, who, having succeeded to the principality of Powys, lived till after the time of St. Augustine, and commanded the reserve left to protect the monks of Bangor Iscoed against Ethelfrith, where, however, he was defeated, with great loss. Arddun was the mother of St. TysiUo, and is by some herself reckoned among the Welsh saints. It is stated also that several Welsh churches are dedi cated to her, but it does not appear where they were situated. Dolarddun, in Castle Caereinion, probably takes its name from her. AEWTSTL. — A son of Cunedda Wledig, who, with his brothers, drove the Irish out of Wales in the fourth century, and settled in that part of Montgomeryshire called after him ArwystU. AEWTSTLI, HUW.— A poet who flourished between 1540 aiid 1590. Some say that he Uved till 1594. He is known to have written at least one hundred and fifty-five poems, most of which are still to be found in manuscript in the British Museum, at Peniarth, and in other collections. In the heading of one of them he is called Huw Arwystli "of Trefeglwys." Another curious MS. in the British Museum gives an account of him, and of the manner in which he waa endowed with the poetic faculty, of which the following is a translation :— " Huw Arwystli was a poor despised cripple, and sometimes for want of lodging was accustomed to turn aside into the cburoh at Llandinam, in Montgomeryshire, to sleep when he came that way on his travels. And it chanced that he came that way one May eve and slept there that night, and while he was in deep slumber he in his sleep saw one cojning to him and putting something into his head, and, next morning when he awoke, it happened that a maiden came by who had been gathering may and bearing an armful of may, and she said to those who were with her in passing by the window under which Huw was lying these words, ' Not one of you wiU give any may to this cripple ; I will give him some,' and she tossed to him through the window a branch of fresh gathered may, and he thanked her in verse, who had never before composed or known how to compose a single stanza ; and the song that he sang to her foUows thus in this Englyn. And from this time he began to compose poetry, and made many masterly odes, and was in favour with the gentry of Wales during the rest of his life, and what he saw entering his head was the poetic faculty which Grod gave him, and which excelled any that existed in the age in which he lived." Lewys Dwn, the Welsh herald, places the names of " Hugh " Arwystli and Morgan Elvael, chief musicians " among those "of the generation which I saw aged and grey-headed, and who " were perfect poets, duly authorised, and all graduated." And William Lleyn thus compUments him : — " Dysg ag addysg go weddol — o gywydd Ag awen ysbrydol ; Odid un nad ydyw'n ol Huw Arwystli naturiol." According to a British Museum MS. quoted in the Bryihon vol. iu. p. 137, he was buried at St. A.saph. BAUGH, EOBEET, of LlandysiUo, and for many years parish clerk of Llanymynech, was a clever engraver. Born about 1748, he died the 27th December, 1832, aged 84 years. Among other instances of his ability and skill as an engraver may be named the large Map of North Wales, published in 1795, by his friend and neighbour Mr. John Evans, of Llwyny- groes. In 1809 the Society of Arts awarded to Mr. Baugh their silTer medal and fifteen guineas in money for a map of Shrop shire. The following sketch, written by an admiring friend, appeared soon after his death in the Cambrian Quarterly Magauine : — "Died aged 84, near Llanymynech, the ingenious, cheerful and benevolent Mr. Eobert Baugh, weU known as the accurate and perspic uous engraver of the great and small Maps of North Wales, published by the late John Evans, Esq., and of his own great Map of ShropsTiire, together with the vignettes that adom these elaborate works. The sensitive affections of mind and heart in this truly good man were at all times singularly alive to the playful and pathetic, and with such rapid alternations that the writer of this short and transient tribute _ has seen him both laugh and weep in the same moment at a passage of Shakespeare when read by their venerable friend, the amiable and eloquent poet. Dr. Evans. He loved music iu the depth of his soul most cordiaUy, and to him the rich and varied tones of an organ were preli- bations of heaven. He rarely ever omitted his sincere and reaUy pious doctrines of gratitude in the viUage ohuroh, where he presided over the Jjsalmody which he enthusiastically aooompanied on the bassoon With happiness and length of days heaven never blessed a kinder creature. TraveUers have frequently expressed surprise at the excellence of the prints and maps at the viUage inns of Llanymynech, and stUl greater when informed that tliey were all selected by the taste, and many etched and engraved by the ingenious talents of the parish clerk, the unassuming and merry-hearted Robert Baugh." BAXTEE, GEORGE EOBEET WYTHEN, of the Upper Bryn, Llanllwchaiarn, was tho only son of George Trotmaa Baxter, Esq., of Hereford, and was born in the year 1815. He was a member of an old family long settled in the neighbour hood of Newtown, and claimed among his ancestry the cele brated Nonconformist divine, Eichard Baxter, and Hugh Baxter of Ystradfaelog (1687) and Eichard Baxter (1690), the names of the two latter being recorded as benefactors to the poor of Trefeglwys and Llanwnog. He was the author of The Booh of the Bastiles, an attack upon the Poor Law, the " Bastiles " being the Workhouses ; Humour and Pathos, and several other works. He died on the 17th January, 1854, in the 39th year of his age, and a handsome marble tablet was erected to his memory by his mother in Llanllwchaiarn Church. BAXTEE, WILLIAM, the eminent phUological writer and antiquary, and also nephew and heir of the stiU more eminent Nonconformist divine, Eichard Baxter, was born at Llanllugan, in 1650, of humble but respectable parents. He first went to school at Harrow, when he was 18 years of age, and was, according to his own account, so ignorant that he knew not one letter in a book, nor understood a word of any language but Welsh. By dint of great industry and perseverance, however, he made such progress that he soon became possessed of great and extensive knowledge, more particularly in the departments of philology and antiquities. During the greater part of his Ufe Baxter was engaged in the tuition of youth. For some years he kept a boarding school at Tottenham, Middlesex, from which he was chosen master of the Mercers' School, London. This appointment he held for over 20 years, and resigned but a short time before his death, which took place May 31st, 1723, in the 73rd year of his age. He was buried at Islington. He left two sons and three daughters. The following is a Ust of his prin cipal works : — De Analogia, seu Arte Latince Linguce Com- mentariolus, a Grammar published in 1679 ; a new and corrected edition with notes of Anacreon in 1695, reprinted with considerable additions and improvements in 1710 ; an edition of Horace in 1701, reprinted with additions in 1725 ; a curious and learned Dictionary of British Antiquities, under the title of Glossarium Antiquitatum Brittanicarum sive Syllabus Etymolo- gicus Antiquitatum veteris Britannice atque Hibernice tem/porihus Romanorum (1719), of which a second edition with a fine portrait of the author was pubUshed by his son in 1733; a Glossary of Eoman Antiquities pubUshed after the author's death in 1726, under the title Eeliqui " black haired and bearded, as aU my ancestors on his side are said to have been, of a manly or somewhat stern look but withaU very hand some and weU compact in his limbs and of a great courage whereof he gave proof when he was so barbarously assaulted by many men iu the church yard at Llanervil at what time he would have apprehended a man who denyed to appear to justice; for defending himself 'against them aU, by the help only of one John ap Howel Corbet, he ohaced his adversaries untiU a viUain coming behind him did over the shoulders of others wound him on the head behind with a forest biU untiU he f eU down, tho' recovering himself again nothwithstanding his skuU was cut through to the Pia Mater of the brain, he saw his adversaries fly away, and after walked home to his house at Llyssyn, when after he was cured he offered a single combat to the chief of the family by whose procurement it was thought the mischief was committed ; but he disclaiming wholy the action as not done by his consent which he offered to testifie by oath, and the villain himself flying into Ireland, whence he never retumed, my father desisted from prosecuting the business any farther in that kind and 97 attained notwithstanding the said hurt that health and strength that he returned to his former exercises in a country life and became the father of many children." His mother was a woman of great gifts and rare piety. The sub ject of this notice, when he became nine years of age, was placed under the care of Mr. Edward Thelwall, of Plasward, Denbigh shire, to learn Welsh " as believing it necessary to enable me to " treat with those of my friends and tenants who understood no " other language." He made very Uttle progress, however, in Welsh or any other study during the nine months he remained under Mr. Th^lwaU's roof, having suffered from tertian ague most of the time. Thence he was removed to Didlebury, Salop, and placed there under the eare of a Mr. Newton, who taught him Greek and logic so successfully that at fourteen years of age he was considered fit to enter the University of Oxford. While he was at the University his father died, and family reasons induced his friends to "bring about a match between him and Mary, the daughtor and heiress of Sir WUliam Herbert, of St. Julians, he being seventeen and the bride twenty-one years of age. The marriage took place on the 28th February, 1598, and soon afterwards he retumed to Oxford with his wife and mother (who took a house there) and for three years applied himself closely to his studies. His mother then removed to London, and from that time until he was twenty-one he passed his time mostly between London and Montgomery Castle, having in that time several children bom to him. Besides Greek and Latin he had by this time mastered French, Italian, and Spanish, and acquired a good knowledge of music. He also applied himself to the study of medicine, fencing, and " the manner of fighting " a duel on horseback," and other exercises. About the year, 1600 he made his first appearance at court, and on King James the First's accession received the honour of knighthood. In 1605, while he was yet but 24 years old, he served the office of Sheriff for Montgomeryshire. In 1608, he proceeded to the Continent with the object of seeing foreign parts, but his love of adventure induced him to join the English army then serving in tbe Netherlands, where he soon distinguished himself by his reckless daring and intrepidity, though some of his enterprises were of a very Quixotic character. He afterwards traveUed for some time through parts of Switzerland, Italy, and Prance. On his return to England he was 'well received at Court, where he distinguished himself by his gallantry a.id learning, and in 1619 was appointed ambassador and commissioner to Prance to sign the treaty of alliance between King James I. and Louis XIIL He also received private instructions to intercede for the perse cuted Protestants ; and with that object in view he had an audience of the King's favourite, the Due de Luines, Constable of Prance. Luines had hidden behind a curtain in his audience chamber a gentleman of the reformed reUgion to report to his friends, as an ear witness of the interview, how little was to be hoped from the intercession of England. But he had mistaken ct 98 the chai acter of the ambassador, who fulflUed his mission with an undaunted spirit, so that the Constable remarked that if he were not the ambassador he would use him after another fashion. Sir Edward at once repUed that as he was an ambassador, so he was also a gentleman, and laying his hand upon the hilt of his sword, told him that there was that which should make him an answer. This interview being misrepre sented in England, occasioned his recall in 1621. but he cleared himself so satisfactorily to the King that he was very soon sent back again to the Prench Court, where he remained for two years longer, being again recalled in 1624. His autobiography, containing a highly interesting and often amusing account of his adventures in Court and field, his duels and chivalrous enter prises, as well as his somewhat pecuUar views of men and things, concludes before the end of his embassy. His embassies, though they brought him honour, were very costly to him, for he was obliged to sell estates worth ^60,000 to pay the expenses. Besides this, .£10,000 of his salary remained unpaid. On his return he was created Lord Herbert of Castle Island, in the peerage of Ireland, December 31st, 1625 ; and Lord Herbert of Chirbury, in the peerage of England, May 17th, 1629. His conduct during the civil war has been much blamed, and indeed is scarcely consistent with the chivalrous and fearless character borne by him in his younger days, unless, indeed, we assunie that his heart was with the ParUament before he thought it prudent to declare himself on that side. He, in 1644, was summoned by Prince Eupert to Shrewsbury, the latter being afraid, it would appear, of the safety of Montgomery Castle in the hands of its lukewarm and eccentric, but able, lord ; but instead of going he wrote on the 23rd of August, 1644, to the Prince saying, " that though I have the ambition to kiss your " most valorous and princely hands yet because I am newly " entered into a course of physic, I do humbly desire to be " excused for the present." But a few days afterwards, on the Sth of September, 1644, he surrendered the castle, without striking a blow, to a troop of the ParUamentary army under the command of Sir Thomas Middleton, he for a short time continu ing to reside in it. The castle was immediately besieged by the Eoyalists under Lord Byron, but after a stubborn fight was reUeved by the Parliamentarians. Lord Herbert's conduct on this occasion has been much blamed, and it must be owned, has never been satisfactorily explained, though original documents lately published by the Powysland Club, tend to exonerate him from blame. Sir Thomas Middleton suddenly marched on Montgomery with 800 soldiers and captured the outworks of the Castle which commanded the entrance. The aged Lord, sick, infirm, and half blind, deserted by his panic-stricken servants, seems to have had no alternative, indeed, but to capitulate on the best terms he could secure, which were not very hard. Subse quently, Lord Herbert removed to London, where he died August aOth, 1648, aged sisty- seven, and was buried in the Church of 99 . St. GUes-in-the-Pields. He had issue, Eichard (second lord), Edward and Beatrix, who both died unmarried. Of his writings, his Autobiography is perhaps the best known. It is said to be the earliest instance of autobiography in the English language. It was privately printed by Horace Walpole in 1764, and several editions of it have since appeared. His philosophical treatise in Latin, De Veritate, first published in Paris in 1624, has been translated into several languages. An enlarged edition appeared in 1633, and another in 1645, accompanied with another work called De Religione Gentilium. After his death two posthumous works were published; one, An Account of the .Expedition to ihe Isle of Rhe (of which a Latin translation was published in 1656, but the ofiginal work remained in manuscript until 1860, when 40 copies only were privately printed by the late Earl of Powis) ; the other. The Life and Reign of King Henry the Vlllth — considered by far his best and ablest work. His Occasional Verses were published in 1665 by his youngest son Edward Herbert. A new edition was published in 1881. Eleven volumes of his manuscripts are in the library of Jesus College, Oxford. There are three portraits of him at Powis Castle. Lord Herbert, though vain and- eccentric, " and not exempt from passion and ¦ choler," infirmities to which, as he tells us, all his race was subject, was a man of considerable learning, as well as a pro found and original thinker, and all his works display much talent and ability. His reUgious opinions were peculiar and not such as would be generally considered orthodox. He maintained the theory of innate ideas, and made a ' certain instinct of the reason to be the primary source of all human knowledge. He compared the mind to a closed volume, which opens itself at the soUcitation of outward nature acting upon the senses. No man (he argues) can appeal to reve lation as an immediate evidence of the reasonableness of his faith, except those to whom that revelation has been directly given ; for aU others, the fact of revelation is a matter of mere tradition or testimony. These views were ably controverted by Locke, Baxter, Gassendi, and others. HEEBEET, Eev. GEOEGE, M.A., "the poet of the " Temple," was the fifth son of Eichard Herbert, Esq., of Mont gomery, by Magdalen his wife, and a younger brother of the celebrated Lord Herbert of Chirbury. He was bom on the 3rd of AprU 1593, at Montgomery Castle, according to his biographer, the gentle Tzaak Walton, but more probably at Black Hall, a quaint old family residence, described by Lord Herbert which stood between the castle and the town, but was destroyed by fire many generations ago. In his fourth year, tbat is in 1697, his father died, so that, with his brothers and sisters, he was left under the sole care of his mother, an admirable woman, who subsequently married Sir John Danvers, and who brought up Uer young family with great care. I have already noticed 100 Edward, afterwards Lord Herbert. Of the others Walton says, " The second and third brothers were Eichard and William, who " ventured their lives to purchase honour in the wars of the Low " Countries, and died officers in that employment. Charles was " the fourth, and died Fellow of New College, in Oxford." Henry and Thomas we shall notice further on. His three sisters " were all married to persons of worth and plentiful " fortunes, and lived to be examples of virtue, and to do good in " their generations." George, about his twelfth year, was sent to Westminster School, where he acquired a good knowledge oif Greek and Latin, and gained a scholarship at Trinity College, Cambridge. He entered the University on the 6th May, 1609, took his B.A. degree in 1612-13, gained a FeUowship 16th March, 1616, and his M.A. degree the foUowing year. At the University he made himself a name for varied and sound learning, becom ing proficient in French, Italian, Spanish, and Hebrew. On the 18th January, 1618-9, he was appointed Public Orator of the University — a post in those days of considerable importance, the duties of which he discharged, with some interruptions, for about eight years. He was diligent in his attendance at Court, expecting to succeed in due time, as his two immediate pre decessors had done, to the office of Secretary of State. He was on terms of friendship with Lord Bacon, and many of the prin- cipalnobility ; and the King, who highly esteemedhim, gave him in 1623 the lucrative sinecure of Whitford, Flintshire, so as to secure his attendance wheresoever the Court was. The death of the King and of several of his powerful friends, however, affected him much, and dispelled his hopes of Court preferment, so he retired into Kent, •' Where he lived very privately, and was such a lover of solitariness, as was judged to impair his health more thau his study had done. In this time of his retirement he had many conflicts with himself, whether he should retum to the painted pleasures of a Court Ufe, or betake himself to a study of divinity aud enter into sacred orders, to which his dear mother had often persuaded him. These were such conflicts as they only can know that have endured them ; for ambitious desires and the outward glory of the world are not easily laid aside ; but at last God incUned him to put on a resolution to serve at His altar." The conflict was, it would seem, long and severe. In the mean time the prebend of Layton Ecclesia, in the diocese of Lincoln, carrymg with it the living of Leighton Bromswold, had been bestowed upon him while he was still a layman. To add to his other losses, his mother died in 1627, and this bereavement finally decided him to resign the PubUc Oratorship, and quit the University. On the 5th March, 1628, he married Jane, daughter of Mr. Charles Danvers, of Bainton, Wilts., a near relative of his stepfather. The romantic circumstances attending this marriage are thus related by Walton : — " These and other visible vertues begot him so much love from . . Mr. Charles Danvers .... that Mr. Danvers having known him long and famiUarly did so much affect him that he often and pub licly declar'd a desire that Mr. Herbert would marry any of his nine loi cUughters (for he had so many), but rather his daughter Jane than any other, because Jane was his beloved daughter ; and he had often said the same to Mr. Herbert himself, and that if he could like her for a wife, and she him for a husband, Jane should have a double blessing ; and Mr. Danvers had so often said the like to Jane, and so much commended Mr. Herbert to her, that Jane became so much a Platonick as to fall in love with Mr. Herbert unseen. This was a fair preparation for a marriage ; but, alas ! her father dyed before Mr. Herbert's retire ment to Dauntsey ; yet some friends to both parties procured their meet ing, at which timo a mutual affection entered into both their hearts, as a conqueror enters into a surprised city ; and love having got such possession govem'd, and made there such laws and resolutions as neither party was able to resist ; insomuch that she chang'd her name into Herbert the third day after this flrst interview. This haste might in others be thought a love freuzie or worse, but it was not." Indeed, the union proved in every respect a happy one ; so happy that " there was never any opposition betwixt them, unless it were " a contest which should most incline to a complyance with the " other's desires." A few months after his marriage his kinsman, the Earl of Pembroke, obtained for him from the King the important living of Bemerton, but he was for a month or more very undecided as to accepting it owing to the apprehension he felt " of the last great account he was to make for the cure of so " many souls," for be had not yet entered the priesthood. The Bishop of London (Laud), however, so convinced him " that it was a sin, that a tailor was sent for to come speedily from Salisbury to Wilton to take measure, and make him canonical clothes against next day; -vvhich the tailor did; and Mr. Herbert being so habited went with his presentation to the leamed Dr. Davenant, who was then bishop of SaUsbury, and he gave him institution immediately (for Mr. Herbert had been made deacon some years before) ; and he was also the same day (which was AprU 26, 1630) inducted into the good, and more pleasant than healthful parsonage of Bemerton, which is a mile from Salisbury . . . When at his induction he was shut into Bemerton Church, being left there alone to toll the beU, as the law requires him, he staid so much longer than an ordinary time before he returned to his friends that staid expecting him at the church door, that his friend Mr. Woodnot looked in at the church window, aud saw him Ue prostrate on the ground before the altar ; at which time and place (as he after told Mr. Woodnot) he set some rules to himself for the future manage of his Ufe ; and then and there niade a vow to labour to keep them ... I have now [continues Walton] brought him to the parsonage of Bemerton and to the thirty-sixth year of his age, and must stop here, and bespeak the reader to prepare for an almost incredible story of the great sanctity of the short remainder of his holy life ; a life so f uU of charity, humility, and all Christian virtues that it deserves the eloquence of St. Chrysostom to commend and declare it." Consumption, however, had marked him for its own ; and in his case the sword was too keen for its scabbard. Like his great Master, he went about continuaUy doing good, and into a public ministry of about the same duration as His, there was crowded so much of holiness and devotion as the world has seldom witnessed. Loving hands and hearts waited upon him as he gently walked down into " the valley of the shadow of death." He died without issue about the end of February, 1632, aged 39, and was buried at Bemerton the 3rd of March following. His 102 eldest brother. Lord Herbert, of Chirbury, describes him " as not " without passion and choler, being infirmities to which all our " race is subject " ; but if this was ever the case, he had in his latter years completely conquered this infirmity. He was gifted as a musician, and sang with taste his own exquisite hymns to the lute and viol, of which he was a master. But his immortality' rests upon the productions of his pen as a poet and prose writer ; particularly his famous work The Temple, or Sacred Poems, first pubUshed in 1633, soon after its author's death, and of which within a few years 20,000 copies were sold. He was also the author of numerous other poems, sacred and secular, many of them being in Latin and Greek. His prose compositions con sist of A Priest to the Temple; or, The Country Parson, his character and rule of holy life; a collection of Outlandish Proverbs ; a translation of Cornaro on Temperance ; Orations ; and Letters. Many editions have appeared of his best known works, but the only complete one, I beUeve, is that in three volumes printed for private circulation in the " FuUer Worthies Library" (1874). Izaak's Walton's Lives, of which that of George Herbert is one, and from which I have quoted rather freely, is one of the most charming of English classics well deserving of Wordsworth's eulogy : " There are no colours in the fairest sky So fair as these. The feather whence the pen Was shaped, that traced the Uves of these good men, Dropt from an angel's wing." Herbert, it has been well said, was " pre-eminently a poet of the " Church of England ; his similes are drawn from her ceremonial ; " his most solemn thoughts are born of her mysteries ; his " tenderest lessons are taught by her prayers " ; but nowhere has he found more ardent admirers than among the Nonconfor mists, HEEBEET, Sie HENEY, sixth son of Eichard Herbert, Esq., of Montgomery, and a younger brother of the first Lord Herbert of Chirbury, was born at Montgomery in 1695, and after receiving a good education in his own country, was sent in early youth to France, where he became master of the French language. Lord Herbert says of him, " Henry came to Court and was made " gentleman of the King's Privy Chamber and Master of the " Eevels, by which means as also a good marriage he attained to " great fortunes for himself and posterity to enjoy." He was made Master of the Eevels in the reign of James I. by whom he was knighted August 7th, 1623. He continued 50 years in that office, and was also one of the gentlemen in ordinary to the Court of Charles I., by whom he was much esteemed. On account of his loyalty to the King, his estates were sequestered by the Parlia ment, and he was forced to pay £1,350 on compounding for them On the Eestoration he "became Member of Parliament for Bewdley, and held his old post at Court. He married Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Eobert Offley, by whom he had issue, 103 Henry, his son and heir, and two daughters. He died in 1673 at Eibbesford, in Worcestershire, where also he was buried. He was a good scholar, a brave soldier, and an accompUshed courtier, and much beloved in the domestic and social circle, and Walton bears testimony to '¦ the diligent wisdom with which God had blessed " him. HEEBEET, Capt. THOMAS, was the seventh and a posthumous son of Eichard Herbert, Esq., of Montgomery, having been born some weeks after his father's death in 1597. His illustrious brother, Lord Herbert of Chirbury, gives the following account of him : — " He also being brought up a while at school, was sent as a page to Sir Ed.ward Cecil, Lord GeneraU of his Majesty's auxiliary forces to the Princes in Germany, and was particularly at the siege of Juliers Anno Dom. 1610, where he showed such forwardness, as no man in that great army before him was more adventurous on all occasions. Being returned from thence, he went to 'the East ludias under the command of Captain Joseph, who in his way thither, meeting with a great Spanish ship was tmfortunately kiUed in fight with them, whereupon his men being dishearted, my brother Thomas encouraged them to revenge the lossj and renewed the fight in that manner (as Sir John Smyth, Governor of the East India Company told me at several times) that they forced the Spanish ship to run a ground where the EngUsh shot her through and through so often that she run herseU a ground, and was left whoUy- unserviceable. After which time he with the rest of the fleet came to Suratte, and from thence went with the merchants to the Great MoguU, where after he had stayed about a twelvemonth, he retumed with the same fleet back again to England. After this he went in tKe Navy, which King James sent to Argier [Algiers] under the command of Sir Eobert Mausell, where our men being in great want of money and victuals, and many ships scattering themselves to try whether they could obtain a prize whereby to relieve the whole fleet ; it was his hap to meet with a ship, which he took, and in it to the value of eighteen hundred pounds, which it was thought saved the whole fleet from perish ing. He conducted also Count Mansfelt to the Low Countreys in one of the King's ships, which being unfortunately cast away not far from the shore, the Count together with his company saved themselves in a long boat or shallop, the benefit whereof my said brother refused to take for the present, as resolving to assist the master of the ship, who endeavoured by aU means to clear the ship from the danger ; but finding it impossible he was the last man that saved himself in the long boat ; the master thereof yet refusing to come away, so that he perished together with the ship. After this he commanded one of the ships that were sent to bring the Prince from Spain, where upon his return, there being a fight between the Low Countrymen and the Dunkerkers, the Prince who thought it was not for his dignity to suffer them to fight in his presence commanded some of his ships to part them, whereupon my said brother with some other ships got betwixt them ou either side, and shot so long that both parties were glad to desist. After that he had brought the Prince safely home, he was appointed to go with one of the King's ships to the Narrow Seas. He also fought divers times with great courage and success with divers men in single fight, sometimes hurting and disarming his adversary, and sometimes driving him away. After aU these proofs given of himself, he expected some great command, but finding himself as he thought undervalued, he retired to a private and melancholy life, being much discontented to find others preferred to him; in which suUain humour havuig lived many years, he died and was buried in London', in St. Martin's, near Charing Cross." 104 In his various adventures he shewed, as Walton observes, " a " fortunate and true English valour." HEEBEET, EICHAED, second Lord Herbert of Chirbury, I was a staunch Eoyalist and devoted adherent of King Charles I. / In 1639 he cominanded a troop of horse against the rebelUous Scots ; and on the breaking out of the Civil War in England he was a colonel in the king's service, and at his own charge raised a full regiment of 1 , 500 foot and a troop of horse. In 1643 he was one of those who conducted the Queen on her arrival at Bur lington from Holland to the King at Oxford. The defection of his father from the royal cause produced no change in his attachment to the king, nor did the latter cease to trust him as one of his most faithful followers. When the Parliamentary party had carried all before it, he was permitted to compound for his estates, and paid a large fine; but on the 16th June, 1649, Montgomery Castle was ordered to be demolished. He suffered much, and was reduced to great straits through his loyalty. He died 13th May, 1666, and was buried in the chancel of Montgomery Church. By his wife Mary, daughter of the first Earl of Bridgwater, he had issue four sons and four daughters. HEEBEET, EDWAED, third Lord Herbert of Chirbury, was the eldest son and heir of the second Lord Herbert, and, like his father, was a zealous EoyaUst. He was one of the earUest to join the movement for the restoration of Charles IL, and soon after that event was bronght about he was appointed Custos Eotulorum of Montgomeryshire, and subsequently of Denbighshire also. He luilt Lymore in 1663, Montgomery Castle having been demolished in his father's Ufetime. He appears also to have resided partly at Llyssin. He was twice married ; first to Anne, daughter of Sir Thomas Middleton, and, secondly, to Elizabeth, daughter of George, sixth Lord Chandos, but he left no issue. He died on the 9th December, 1678, in his 46th year, and was buried in St. Edmund's Chapel in the Collegiate Church, at Westminster. HEEBEET, HENEY, fourth Lord Herbert of Chirbury, was a younger brother of the third lord, whom he succeeded in the title on his dying without issue in December, 1678. He had preriously followed the profession of arms, and attached himself to the party of the Duke of Monmouth. He was appointed Custos Eotulorum of Montgomeryshire December 20th, 1679. He subsequently used his utmost endeavours to promote the cause of the revolution, and on the abdication of James II. voted for the filling of the vacant throne by the election of the Prince and Princess of Orange. He married Lady Catherine Newport, danghter of Francis, first Earl of Bradford, but died without issue in 1691, whereupon the title became extinct. 106 HEEBEET, Sir EDWAED, Knight, Attorney-General to King Charles I., and afterwards Lord Keeper of the Great Seal to King Charless II. in his exile, was the eldest son of Charles Herbert, Esq., of Aston (Sheriff in 1608), by his wife Jane, only daughter and heiress of Hugh ap Owen, of Aston. He married Margaret, daughter and heir of Sir Thomas Smith, by whom he had three sons, all of whom became famous. His eldest son Arthur became Admiral of the Fleet, and took a leading and distinguished part in the Eevolution of 1688, for which he was created Baron Torbay and Earl of Torrington. His second son Edward became Attorney-General in Ireland, and then Chief Justice of Chester, and subsequently Lord Chief Justice of the King's Bench, from which for his independence he was removed, but was afterwards appointed Lord Chief Justice of the Common Pleas, and subsequently Lord Chancellor , to James II. in his exile. His third son Charles was a Colonel in King William III.'s army in Ireland, and distinguished him self at the battle of Aughrim, but was taken prisoner, and bar barously murdered by the Irish. Sir Edward Herbert died at Paris in December, 1657. HEEBEET, EICHAED, of Meifod, was son of Eichard Herbert, Esq., of Park (Sheriff of Montgomeryshire in 1576 and 1584), and was Sheriff in 1667. For his devotiog. to the Eoyal cause he was one of the intended Knights of the' Eoyal Oak — his estate being valued at £700. He sold his estate in Meifod, and this branch of the Herbert famUy is now extinct. HEEBEET, HENEY, first Lord Herbert of Chirbury of the second creation, was the son and heir of the Sir Henry Herbert, younger brother of Edward, Lord Herbert of Chirbury, already noticed. He was elected Member of Parliament for the borough of Bewdley in 1676, and subsequently for the city of Worcester. He engaged with great alacrity in the cause of the Eevolution, and in 1688 went over to Holland to offer his per sonal assistance and influence to the Prince of Orange, and returned with him to England. For these services, and being also the last heir male of the last Lord Herbert of Chirbury, who died in 1691, he was on the 28th April, 1694, raised to the peerage as Baron Herbert of Chirbury. The following year he was appointed Custos Eotulorum of Brecon, and in 1705 one of the Lords Commissioners of Trade and Plantations. He was a man of considerable ability, and distinguished for his affabiUty and politeness. His judgment and capacity were so highly thought of in the House of Lords that he was elected Chairman ¦of a Committee on a very critical occasion. He married Anne, daughter of Alderman Eamsay, of London, by whom he had issue Henry, his only son and heir. He died January 22nd, 1708-9, and was buried in St. Paul's Churchyard, Covent Garden, London. His son, the second Lord Herbert of Chir- 106 bury of the second creation, dying without issue in April, 1738, that title again became extinct. HEEBEET, Sie EDWAED, Knight, of Powis Castle, was the second son of the Earl of Pembroke of the second creation — his brother, the eldest son, being the ancestor of the present line of the Earls of Pembroke. His mother was sister to Catherine Parr, Queen of Henry VIIL, and he inherited exten sive estates in Northamptonshire and Westmoreland, which his father had acquired by his marriage with her. In 1687 Sir Edward purchased the lordship and Castle of Powys from Edward Grey, illegitimate son and devisee of Edward Grey, last Lord of Powys of that line. He married Mary, only daughter and heiress of Thomas Stanley, Esq. (Master of the Mint in 1570), of Standen, in the county of Hertford, by whom he had William, his successor, and three other sons and eight daughters. He died March 23rd, 1594, and was buried in the chancel of Welshpool Church, where in 1597 a handsome marble monu ment was erected to his memory by his widow, which remains there to this day. Lady Herbert and some at least of hei children were Eoman Catholics. In 1594 she and three of her sons and two daughters were presented at the Sessions by the Vicar and Wardens of the parish church of Pool "npon their " othes, to have been absent from the foresaide church upon the " Sondaies and Holidaies at the tyme of Divine Service for the "space of this twelve monethes last paste." Lady Herbert was again presented for the same offence in 1611. HEEBEET, Sie WILLIAM, first Lord Powis of Powis Castle, was the eldest son and successor of the foregoing Sir Edward Herbert, and was born about 1572. He was made a Knight of the Bath at the coronation of James I. In 1613 he served the office of Sheriff of Montgomeryshire, and in 1616 obtained a grant of the Manors of Kerry and Cedewain, and the borough and castle of Montgomery. He was a firm Eoman Catholic, and brought up his children in that faith. He married Eleanor, third daughter of the Earl of Northumberland. There are portraits of both at Powis Castle On the 2nd April, 1629, Sir William was created Baron Powys of Powys by Charles I. During the civil war King Charles came with his army to Welshpool, where Lord Powis had the honour of receiving him under his roof, and the room in whieh he slept is still called King Charles's room. Powis Castle was afterwards besieged by Cromwell's forces, and forced to submit, the Castle being fortu nately aUowed to stand on condition that its fortifications should be demoUshed. Colonel Mytton and Sir Thomas Middleton had previously on the 10th of August, 1644, defeated Prince Eupert at Welshpool, and " did also face Eed Castle, in which is at least " 200 Welsh and Irish Papists, which they intend to caU shortly " to a strict account for all their insolencies and traitorous prac- I'tices." Sir Thomas Middleton on the 2nd of Oclober foUow ing took the castle, and sent Lord Powis prisoner to the garrison 107: of Wem, thence to the garrison of Stafford, and thence to London upon his parol, where he remained " at his lodging in " the Strand," his estates being sequestrated, and ^84 per week being allowed him for his maiutenance by the Committee of Sequestrators. The Burning Bush not Consumed gives the following account of the taking of Powis Castle : — " About the 6th of this instant [October, 1644] letters from Welchpool were brought to London which certified that renowned Sir Thomas Middleton had taken Eed Castle, a place of very greate consequence, and one of the enemies' strongest holds in North Wales. The manner of the taking of it was to be thus : — the enemie in this castle (whereof be the lord Powis a great Papist and most desperate aud deviUish blasphemer of God's name, was Governor, and the owner also) did often oppose and interrupt the bringing in of provisions into our forces at Montgomery Castle ; whereupon Sir Thomas Middleton summoned the whole country thereabouts to come in unto him, and presently upon it [on Monday, 30th September] advanced from Montgomery to Pool with 300 foote and 100 horse, where they quartered on the Monday and Tuesday night foUowing, and on the Wednesday morning next at two of the clock even by moon light, Mr. John AruudeU, the master gunner to Sir Thomas Middleton, placed a petard against the outer gate, which burst the gate quite in pieces, and (notwithstanding the many showers of stones thrown from the castle by the enemy) Sir Thomas Middleton's foote, commanded by Capt. Hugh Massey and Major Henry Kett, rushed with undaunted reso- lucion into the enemies workes, got into the porch of the castle, and so stormed the castle gate, entered it, and possessed themselves of the old and the new castle, and of all the plate, provisions, and goods therein (which was a great store), which had been brought from all parts there about ; they also took prisoners therein, the Lord Powis and his brother with his two sons, together with a seminary priest, 3 captains, 1 Ueu tenant, and 80 common souldiers, 40 horse, and 200 armes. The place is of great concernment, for before the taking of it it did much mischief to the country, and almost blockt up the passages from Oswestry to Mont gomery Castle, so that now the strongest forts in aU North Wales are iu the possession of the Parliament ; this castle being conceived to be of strength sufficient to hold out a year's siege, aud to be able to keepe out at least 10,000 men for a whole twelvemonth, it having at that present sufficient provisions in it of aU sorts for such a continuance of time. Besides, by this means, noble Sir Thomas Middleton hath now the com mand of North Wales, and can rai.se men there at his pleasure." Lord Powis died 7th March, 1656, aged 83 years, and was buried at Hendon, Middlesex. He left issue behind hiin Percy (created a baronet in his father's Ufetime), who succeeded him in the title ; and two daughters, Katherine, wife of Sir Tames Palmer, and Lucy, wife of William Abingdon, Esq. HEEBEET, Sie PEECY, second Lord Powis, is described in the Archeeologia as " a noble author overlooked by Horace " Walpole ; a loyal sufferer unnoticed by David Lloyd ; a "Welshman omitted from the useful biographical dictionary of " the Eev. Eobert WiUiams ; and a Eoman Catholic apparently "unknown to Dodd." He was the son and heir of Sir William Herbert, K.B., first Lord Powis, by Eleanor, youngest daughter of Henry Percy, eighth Earl of Northumberland. He was, in February 1620-21, elected to fill one of the vacancies in Parlia ment for Shaftesbury caused by the expulsion of its two 108 members. On the 7th November, 1622, he received the honour of knighthood, and on the 16th of the same month was created a baronet, this being in the lifetime of his father. In 1628 he assisted in raising the trained bands in this county ; on the 12th May, 1633, he was appointed one of the Council for Wales and its marches ; and in 1639 he was collector for Montgomeryshire of the moneys contributed by the Eoman Catholics for carrying on the war against the Scots. He was subsequently convicted of recusancy, and his lands were forfeited for treason, and ordered to be sold in July, 1661. He bore this and other hardships with great fortitude, and in 1662 pubUshed a book, now extremely scarce, with the following title :— " Certaine concep- " tions or considerations of Sir Percy Herbert upon the strange " change of people's dispositions and actions in these latter times, " directed to his sonne. Deus primum, honos proxime. London : " Printed by E. G., and are to be sold by Eichard Tomlins, at "the Sun and Bible, near Pie Corner. 1652." [4to.] He succeeded to the title of Lord Powis on the death of his father on the 7th March, 1655-6. In April, 1660, the order for demolishing Powis Castle was rescinded, " otherwise than the " demolishing the outworks about the said Castle, to the end it " might thereby be made indefensible in case of any trouble or " insurrection that might thereafter happen, which, being done, " the sayd Castle was to be at the disposall of such persons who " had right to and property in .the same" Lord Powis headed the petition of the nobility, knights, and gentry of North Wales, presented to Charles II. about June, 1660, praying that the regicides and others who concurred in the death of the late king might be brought to justice and punished. He married EUzabeth, daughter of Sir WilUam Craven, Alderman of London, by whom he had issue, William, his successor, and Mary, who married George Lord Talbot. He died on the 19th January, 1666-7, and was buried in the chancel of Welshpool Church. HEEBEET, WILLIAM, 3rd Lord Powis, and first Earl, Marquis and Duke of Powis, succeeded to the Barony of Powis on the death of his father, the second lord in 1666. He was a zealous Eoman Catholic and royalist, and a devoted adherent of James IT. in all his adversities. He married Lady EUzabeth Somerset, daughter of the Marquis of Worcester, by whom he had one son and five daughters. Charles II., on the 4th April, 1674, created him Earl of Powis as a reward for his loyalty. He was generally regarded as the chief of the Eoman Catholic aristocracy in England, and, according to litus Oates, was to have been Prime Minister if the popish plot had succeeded. He, however, shewed great kindness and sympathy towards Quakers and other Nonconformists, and on several occasions used his influence on their behalf. Eichard Davies, the Quaker, refers to him and his lady as " my particular friends." Hugh Owen, of BronyclydwT, another eminent Nonconformist, was confined 109 for some time at Powis Castle, but was treated with remarkable kindness. Lord Powis, on hearing him pray, said to his priest, " Surely this is a good Christian," and on his discharge engaged him to come to Powis Castle every Christmas. TJpon Titus Oates's information, Lord Powis and four other lords were impeached for high treason and committed to the Tower, where he remained for nearly four years, that is until 1683. Soon after the accession of James II. the Earl of Powis was created Viscount Montgomery and Marquis of Powis, and Lady Powis became Lady of the Bedchamber to the Queen and her most confidential and intimate companion. In July, 1686, the Marquis of Powis was made a Privy Councillor, and by the moderate Catholics his appointment as Viceroy of Ireland was urged, but the more violent Tyrconnel obtained the post. Lady Powis was one of the witnesses present at the birth of the Prince of Wales, 10th June, 1688, and the king placed the infant Prince under the charge of the Marquis and Marchioness. By the king's direction they took him as far as Portsmouth on the way to France, but were obliged to return to Whitehall, which, aiter a narrow escape of capture by some of the Prince of Orange's soldiers they reached in safety. Subsequently, Lord and Lady Powis accompanied the fugitive Queen and her infant to France, and were followed a few days afterwards, on the llth December, 1688, by the king himself. On the 12th of January, 1689, the king in his exile at St. Germains created the Marquis of Powis, Marquis of Montgomery, and Duke of Powis as a reward for his unswerving fidelity. Meanwhile his house in Great Queen-street, Lincoln's Inn Fields, was attacked by the mob ; he himself was outlawed for not returning within a certain period and submitting to the new Govemment, and all his estates were confiscated. In 1690, the Duke of Powis accom panied kiug James on his ill-fated expedition to Ireland, and after the battle of the Boyne returned with him to France, where shortly afterwards he was made Lord Chamberlain and invested with the Order of the Garter. On the 2nd June, 1696, " having " broke a vein as riding from thence to Boulogne," he died at St. Germains, where also he was buried. The Duchess had died in 1692. There is something touching and truly admirable in the pure, disinterested and tenacious aUegiance of this moderate and amiable nobleman to his king— one of the most bigoted, intolerant and worthless monarchs who ever sat on the English throne. HEEBEET, WILLIAM, 4th Lord Powis, and second Duke, Marquis and Earlof Powis, was the only son of the 3rd Lord Powis of that Une whom he succeeded on the death of the latter in 1696. Some years before this a proclamation had been issued for his apprehension on suspicion of abetting the Prench in a threatened invasion of England. To prevent his outlawry he surrendered himself in December, 1696, and was committed to Newgate, where it seems he remained for half a year, after which 110 he was baUed out. In 1715, he was committed to the Tower on suspicion of abetting the cause of the Pretender. In 1 722, he obtained restitution of his estates and of all his titles except the dukedom, and was called to the House of Lords by writ on the 8th of October. He married Mary, daughter of Sir Thomas Preston, by w^hom he had issue two sons, WiUiam, his successor, and Edward. He died in 1745. His son William, third Duke of Powis, died unmarried in 1748, whereupon the dukedom and all minor honours became extinct. Under the will of the last duke his large estates devolved upou Henry Arthur, Lord Herbert of Chirbury of the third creation, who was the same year created Earl of Powis. HEEBEET, Ladt LUCY THEEESA, was the fourth daughter of William, first Duke of Powis. She was born in the year 1669, and took the veil in June, 1693, at the Convent of English Augustine Nuns at Bruges, of which she eventually became Lady Abbess. She bore a very high character for devo tion and the sanctity of her life, and wrote several books of devotion of which several editions have been published. These appear to have been collected and published in 1791 under the title : — Several excellent methods of hearing Mass. with fruit and benefit according to the institution of that divine sacrifice, and the intention of our Holy Mother the Church, with motives to induce all good Christians, particularly religious persons, to make use of the same. Lady Lucy Herbert died 14th February, 1744, aged 76 years. HEEBEET, Ladt WINIFEED, (afterwards Countess of Nithsdale) was the fifth and most celebrated daughter of the first Duke of Powis. The date of her marriage is not known; but her husband, William Maxwell, Earl of Nithsdale, took a prominent part in the Jacobite rising of 1715, and was amongst those who were compeUed to surrender at Preston. Soon after- wa.rds he was tried and condemned to death and sent to the Tower of London to await execution. From this fate the Countess with true wifely devotion determined to save her lord at all hazards. She travelled night and day, mostly on horse back through deep snow and tempestuous weather, that she might solace him in the dark hour of his need, appeal to the king for his pardon, or if aU other means of saving his life failed, plan and carry out his escape from prison. Having failed to obtain his pardon or a reversal of his sentence, she, with amazing coolness, skiU, and audacity, took two women with her to the Tower, one of whom was her maid Grace Evans, of Welshpool, (see ante, p 65), and disguising the Earl partly in their and partly in her own clothes she most cleverly deceived the guards, and brought her husband safely out of prison on the 23rd of February, 1716, being the day before that fixed for his execution. Part of the female apparel in which Lord Nithsdale escaped was formerly in the possession of the " Ladies of Llangollen." She. Ill afterwards with much skill carried out his escape to France, where she finally joined him. They took up their residence at Eome, where the Earl died on the 20th March, 1744. His noble and heroic wife also died there m 1749, but her remains were brought to this country, and deposited at Arundel Castle A graphic and highly interesting account of the cleverly planned and accomplished escape of the Earl was written by the Countess herself under the title of — A Letter from Winifred Herbert, Countess of Nithsdale, to her sister, the Lady Lucy Herbert, Abbess of the English Augustine Nuns at Bruges, containing a circumstantial account of the escape of her husband, William Maxwell, fifth Earl of Mithsdale, from the Tower of London on Friday, the 23rd of February, 1716. It was first printed with remarks by Sheffield Grace, Esq., P.S. A., for private circulation in 1827, and has been re-printed at length with a steel engraving of the Countess in the fifth volume of the Montgomeryshire Collections, but is too lengthy for insertion here. HEEBEET, HENEY AETHUE, Eari of Powis, was the son of Francis Herbert, of Dolguog, and Oakley Park, by Dorothy, daughter of John Oldbury, Esq., of London. He was elected member of Pariiament for Ludlow in 1727, and represented that borough in three Parliaments. On the 21st December, 1743, he was created by letters patent. Lord Herbert of Chirbury {third creation). On the death in March, 1748, of WilUam, Marquis of Powis, leaving him his whole estate, he was further advanced to the dignity of Baron Povris, of Powis Castle, Viscount Ludlow and Earl of Powis by letters patent, dated 27th May, 1748. In 1745 he was appointed Lord Lieutenant and Custos Eotulorum for Shropshire, and in 1745 was one of the thirteen peers commissioned to raise each a regiment of foot to suppress the rebeUion — a task which, so far as he was concerned, he com pleted in a very short time. On the 16th October, 1749, the King granted him the dignity of a Baron of Great Britain by the title of Lord Herbert, Baron Herbert of Chirbury and Ludlow. On the 22nd May, 1761, he wasappointed Comptroller of the Household to King George III., and shortly afterwards sworn a member of the Privy Coniieil. In October the same year he resigned the ComptroUership, and was appointed Treasurer of the Household, which he also resigned in July, 1765. On the 23rd July, 1761, he was appointed Lord Lieu tenant and Custos Eotulorum of the County of Montgomery. He was also Eecorder of Shrewsbury, and a Lieutenant-General. He married March 30th, 1 761, Barbara, sole daughter and heir of Lord Edward Herbert, only brother of William, last Marquis of Powis. On this marriage it was arranged that the eldest son and daughter should be brought up in their father's faith as members of the Church of England, and the younger children as Eoman Catholics, being their mother's reUgion. They had one son, George Edward Henry Arthur, and three daughters, of 112 whom two died in infancy, leaving one only surviving, the Lady Henrietta Autonia, who accordingly was brought up a member of the Church of England. Thus the family of Herbert ceased to be Eoman CathoUc. Lord Powis died at Bath, September llth, 1772, aged 70, and was buried at Welshpool. His only son, George Edward Henry Arthur, died unmarried, January 17th, 1801, aged 46, when the titles again became extinct. The estates passed to his only surviving sister. Lady Henrietta Antonia, who in 1784 had married Edward, second Lord CUve, who on the 12th May, 1804, was created Earl of Powis— the first of the present line— and died May 16th, 1839. HEEBEET, EDWAED, K.G., second Earl of Powis of the present creation, was the eldest son and heU of the above-named Edward, second Lord Olive, and first Earl of Powis of the present line, He was born 22nd March, 1785, and married 9th February, 1818, Lucy, third daughter of James, third Duke of Montrose. On the 9th March, 1807, he adopted the surname of Herbert instead of that of Clive. On coming of age he, in 1800, entered Parliament as member for Ludlow, which he continued to repre sent until his accession to the peerage in 1839. His Lordship dis])layed much public spirit and liberality in carrying out improvements in Montgomeryshire : for instance, he built the tower of the Parish Church, and enlarged the Town HaU at Montgomery entirely, and the Town Hall at Welshpool mainly at his own cost. He was President of the Eoyal Cambrian Literary Institution, and of the Welsh School, Gray's Inn-road, London, and in 1824 an Eisteddfod on an extensive and mag-. nificent seale was held at Welshpool under his presidency, and largely by his munificence. He also joined the Eoxburghe Literary Club in 1828, became its Chairman in 1834, and the following year contributed to its publications a most curious and valuable volume — English metrical Lives of the Saints by the Monk of Clare, written in 1443. He was Lord Lieutenant of Montgomeryshire, and Chairman of the Shropshire Union Eail ways and Canal Company. In 1846 the Knighthood of the Garter was conferred upon him. But the two events for which Lord Powis's public life will be best remembered were, first, his uncompromising and successful opposition in 1846 to the proposed union of the Sees of St. Asaph and Bangor ; and secondly, his candidature in 1847 for the Chancellorship of the University of Cambridge, in opposition to Prince Albert, who, however, defeated him by 964 to 837 votes, a majority of 117. The foUowing clever epigram was written on the occasion : — " Prince Albert on this side. Lord Powis on that. Have claims than which none can be slighter, — The Prince's consist in inventing a hat. The Peer's in preserving a mitre. Then why, O collegiate Dons, do ye run Int6 all this senate-house pother ? Can it be that the youth who invented the one Has some share in dispensing the other ? 113 Lord Powis died on the 17th January, 1848, from the effects of a lamentable accident having been shot in the thigh by one of his own sons while shooting in the preserves adjoining Powis Castle. His death was universally moumed, for his amiability and gentleness, no less than his high and dignified character had won the hearts of all who knew him. He was buried in the chancel of St. Mary's Church, Welshpool, where a beautiful monument was afterwards erected to his memory by the Countess of Powis, with a Latin inscription of which the follow ing is a translation : — " Here sleeps in Christ, Edward Herbert, " Earl of Powis, conservator of the See of St. Asaph. He died " the 17th day of January, 1848, in his 63rd year. Show Thy " servant the light of Thy countenance, and save me for Thy " mercy's sake." His lordship had issue, Edward James, who succeeded to the title and estates. Sir Percy Egerton Herbert, K.C.B. ; Very Eev. George Herbert, Dean of Hereford ; Hon. Eobert Charles Herbert ;- Major- General the Hon. William Henry Herbert ; Lady Lucy Caroline Calvert and Lady Harriett Jane Herbert. The Countess of Powis died in September, 1876. HEEBEET, EDWAED JAMES, third Earl of Powis of the present creation, was the eldest son and heir of Edward Herbert, the second Earl, K.G., by his wife Lady Lucy Graham, third daughter of James, third Duke of Montrose, K.G., and was born on the 5th November, 1818, at the Angel Inn, Pershore, Worcestershire, where his mother, then Lady Clive, was taken ill and confined on her way to London. He was educated at Eton and at St. John's College, Cambridge, where he came out eleventh in the first class in classics in 1840, and the same year took his M.A. degree. His private tutor was the late Bishop Selwyn. In 1842, he obtained the degree of LL.D., and in 1867, he received the honorary degree of D.C.L. at Oxford. He took great delight in the classics, the study of which he continued throughout his Hfe, and often corresponded with distinguished scholars on points of classical criticism. In 1863, his University of Cambridge elected him without opposition to the office of High Steward. He gave annually a prize for the best copy of Latin hexameter verses on a given subject, and in other ways was a munificent benefactor to his College and University. On the death of his grandfather in May, 1839, he became Lord Clive, and in the November following came of age, when there were great rejoicings at Welshpool and various parts of Montgomery shire and Shropshire. At Welshpool the chief event was the ceremony of laying the foundation stone of a church (Christ Church) erected by subscription to commemorate the occasion. In 1843, Lord Clive was elected one of the Members of Parlia ment for North Shropshire, and continued to represent the same constituency until his father's death in 1848, when he succeeded to the Earldom of Powis. In 1840 he joined the South Salopian Yeomanry, and continued his connection with the regiment untU 1871, when it was united with the North Salopian. He was 114 placed on the Commission of the Peace for Montgomeryshire, Shropshire, and Herefordshire, and took great interest and an active part in the administration of the affairs of the two former. In 1855, he was elected Chairman of Quarter Sessions for Montgomeryshire, in succession to Sir Baldwyn Leighton, Bart. He attended the Sessions with gi-eat regularity up to the time of his death, and displayed marked ability and business capacity in the discharge of his duties. On the first election of County Councils in January, 1889, Lord Powis was elected one of the CouncUlors for Welshpool. In 1877, on the death of Lord Sudeley, Lord Powis was appointed Lord Lieutenant of Mont gomeryshire. He at all times evinced great interest in the cause of education and the study of archaeology. He was a Uberal supporter and the first President of the University CoUege of Bangor, and his inaugural address was one of the most memor able of his public speeches. He was President of the Powysland Club, and a Uberal supporter of it from its establishment in 1867 up to his death. He was also a patron of the Cambrian Archaeological Association, and filled the office of President in 1856 ; also a member of the Cymmrodorion Society, and in 1885 elected its President. He was one of the members of the Committee appointed by Government to frame the Intermediate Education Scheme for Montgomeryshire, and took an active part in its deUberations. These are but a few of the many societies and organizations for promoting education and culture which owed much to his intelligent and liberal support, though quietly and unobtrusively given. But, perhaps, it was in connection with the Church of England that Lord Powis's liberality was most frequently displayed. He was a patron of 16 Uvings, and he every year gave large subscriptions towards the erection of new churches or the restoration of old ones, the building of parsonages and schools, and the augmentation of livings as weU as to the various Church Societies in which he took a great interest. He was always an elegant and effective but not a fluent speaker — a certain hesitancy in searching for the most appropriate word, detracted from the effect of his speeches as pieces of oratory. But they always read weU. At the laying of the first stone of the Great Vyrnwy Lake at Llanwddyn, for supplying Liverpool with water, he made a singularly happy use of the classical legend of Arethusa. He said — " Tou wiU recoUect that the nymph Arethusa disappeared from the middle of the Peloponnesus under-ground, and passing under a portion of the Mediterranean, bubbled up in the sacred island of Ostygia. This theme exercised the imagination of the poet SheUey. It gave to the navy, in the days when ships were not gigantic tea-kettles, one of the most dashing of its frigates, and inspired Dibdin with one of the most successful of his nautipal baUads. Vou wUl recoUect the first lines of SheUey's ' Ode to the Nymph Arethusa,' which I think wUl still typify what wiU soon be the triumphant progress of the nymph of the Vyrnwy to Liverpool : — ' Arethusa arose from her couch of snow On the Acrocerauuian mountains. 116 From cloud and from crag With many a jag. Shepherding her bright fountains.' " The above is a fair sample of Lord Powis's style — a happy com bination of classical lore and " modern instances." Lord Powis was the owner of about 72,000 acres of land in the counties of Montgomery and Salop, of the estimated annual value of £72,694, and he was an excellent landlord. In addition to the pubUc offices already mentioned, he was Chairman of the Shrop shire Union Eailway and Canal Company ; Governor of Queen Anne's Bounty ; Vice-President of the Sons of the Clergy Institution ; President of the Eye, Ear, and Throat Hospital, Shrewsbury ; a Trustee of the Salop Infirmary and of the Shrop shire Provident Society, Millington's Hospital, &c., &c. Lord Powis died in London on the 7th May, 1891, in his 73rd year, and was buried in the chancel of Welshpool Church, where a handsome recumbent statue in alabaster, resting on a plinth of black marble, has been placed to his memory. A Church House has also been erected by public subscription at Welshpool to his memory. Lord Powis was never married, and he was succeeded in the title and estates by his nephew, George Charles, the son of the late Eight Hon. Sir Percy Egerton Herbert, K.C.B., by Lady Mary Petty Fitzmaurice, only child of William Thomas, Earl of Kerry, and grand-daughter of Henry, third Marquis of Lansdowne. Lord Powis, in 1860, edited and printed for private circulation among the members of the Philobiblon Society a work by his ancestor Edward, first Lord Herbert of Cherbury, entitled The Expedition to the Isle of Rhe, He also presented a volume of Herbert Papers and Correspondence to the members of the Powysland Club. By his will he directed 100 copies of his speeches and selections from his MS. Greek and Latin compositions to be printed on good paper and neatly bound iu one good sized, octavo volume. This has since been carried out by his executors. HEEBEET, Eev. GEOEGE, M.A., Dean of Hereford, was the third son of Edward, second Earl of Powis. He was bom 25th November, 1825, and was educated at Eton and St. John's College, Cambridge, where he graduated in 1848. Two years later he was ordained by the Bish®p of Worcester, and appointed to the Curacy of Kidderminster, which he served for five years. In 1865, he was appointed to the family Uving of Clun, and the Bishop of Hereford conferred on him the Prebend of Putron Manor in Hereford Cathedral. He did admirable work as a parish priest. In 1867, Mr, Disraeli nominated him to the Deanery of Hereford, where he did much to develope the i];ifluence and popularise the services of the Cathedral. In 1863, he married Elizabeth Beatrice, fourth daughter of Sir Tatton Sykes, by whom he had two daughters. Mrs Herbert died in 1883. Dean Herbert died on the 15th of March, 1894, in his 69th year. 116 HEEBEET, Lieut. Gen. the Eight Hon. Sie PEECY EGEETON, K.C.B., was the second son of Edward, second Earl of Powis. He was born at Powis Castle, 16th April, 1822, and educated at Eton, whence he proceeded to Sandhurst, and obtained his flrst commission in the army as ensign in the 43rd Eegiment in January, 1840, becoming Captain in 1846, Major 27th, and Lieut.-Col. 28th, May, 1853, Colonel and Aide-de-Camp tothe Queen 29th June, 1856, Major-General in 1868, Lieut.- General 1875, Colonel 74th Highlanders 1876. He served in the Kaffir War in 1851-53, also in the expedition of the Orange Eiver Territory, and was engaged in the battle of Berea, and was promoted for his services by the recommendation of the Commander in Chief. He also served during the Eussian War as Assistant Quartermaster General of the Second Dirision of the Army of the East from its formation to November, 1866, and subsequently as Quartermaster General of the Army of the East until June, 1866. During his active serrices he was present at the battle of the Alma (where he was wounded), the affair of the 26th October, the battle of Inkerman and the siege and fall of Sebastopol, where he was again wounded. On his return home from the Crimea, his old neighbours at Welshpool, in August, 1866, gave Colonel Herbert a magnificent reception. On the llth of the following month there was also a grand county demonstration in his honour at Shrewsbury. There were also great rejoicings at Ludlow, where hewas presented with a sword by his constituents. Por his distinguished services in the Crimea, Colonel Herbert was made Aide-de-Camp to the Queen and nominated a companion of the Order of the Bath. He was also made an officer of the Legion of Honour and a Commander of the second class of the Sardinian Order of St. Maurice and ' St. Lazarus. He received the third class of the Order of the Medjidie, the Turkish medal, and the Crimean medal with three clasps. He afterwards commanded the 82nd Foot during the Indian Mutiny, and was present at Eohilcund under Lord Clyde in 1858, and in various affairs and skirmishes at Bareilly and Shahjohampore. He commanded the districts of Cawnpore and Puttehpore till the spring of 1859, and a force in pursuit of Ferozeshah, and a rebel force to the banks of the Jumna. Shortly after his retum from' India, Colonel Herbert was appointed Deputy Quartermaster General at headquarters, an office which he filled for two years. As a campaigner probably few officers have ever exhibited greater powers of enduring fatigue and privation than Colonel Herbert. This was especiaUy the case during the Crimean campaign. He was always foremost where there was danger, and for this earned from his men (by whom he was greatly loved) such nicknames as " Fire-ball," " Ball-proof," and " Danger." For nine months he was never undressed during the night, but wore his clothes, and was booted and spurred night and day. Many anecdotes are related of his coolness, endurance, and personal bravery. At the battle of Inkerman, Col. Herbert especially distinguished himself. It had 117 long been his habit to go out to the pickets at two o'clock in the morning, seldom retuming till noon, and sometimes not until the evening. Being apprehensive of an attack, he had ordered his servant to wake him should he happen to be asleep whenever he heard any firing. He had been out the whole of the night previous to that eventful day, and had just returned to his tent about a quarter past five o'clock in the morning, when he heard the sound of firing. He immediately sprang to his charger, telling his servant to be at a particular point of the hUl with another horse at a time he named, adding, " If I be alive I shall be there." He then shook his servant by the hand and gaUoped off, being first on the hiU. He was met with a volley from tie foe, who were partially concealed by the fog. He gaUoped back and fetched up his Division, urging them to double up as quickly as possible. Here he was joined by General Peime- f ather, and the two officers used their utmost efforts to get the troops into action. He remained with his dirision which kept retiring and advancing up the hill till half-past ten o'clock, when the Guards came to their relief. Colonel Herbert used extra ordinary efforts to get up the artillery. His division kept a portion of the hill for hours notwithstanding that all their ammunition was expended. At one o'clock the Prench came up at a quick pace, and were received with loud cheers by the now nearly exhausted British troops. After this the battle was soon over. Colonel Herbert entered Parliament in February, 1854, as Conservative member for Ludlow, and continued to represent that borough untU September, 1860. In July, 1866, he was elected for South Shropshire, and he sat for that constituency up to the time of his death. In spite of increasing indisposition he took an active part in the discussion of the Army Purchase BiU in Parliament, advocating vigorously the claims of the Officers of the Army. He also acted as the Eepresentative of the various classes of Officers before the Army Purchase Commission. Col. Herbert married on the 4th October, 1860, Lady Mary Petty Fitzmaurice, only daughter of the Earl of Kerry, son of the third Marquis of Lansdowne, K.G., by whom he had issue a son, George Charles, the present Earl of Powis, and two daughters. In 1866 he was made a Knight Commander of the Bath, and in March, 1867, Treasurer's of Her Majesty's Household (an office held by him till December, 1868) being at the same time made a Privy Councillor. Sir Percy Herbert suffered much during the last two years of his Ufe from a painful disease brought on by his arduous services, and which resulted in his death on the 7th October, 1876, in the 65th year of his age. He was buried at Moreton Say Church, Salop, where his great grandfather, Eobert Lord Clive, K.B., was also buried. Of General Herbert it may with truth be said that he was a brave and true soldier, who worthUy sustained the military traditions of his famUy, and the honour attached to the iUustrious name he bore, and that dis tinctions such as were bestowed upon him for his services have seldom been better earned or more worthUy conferred. 118 HEEBEET, JOHN MAUEICB, County Court Judge of the Monmouth Circuit, was the son of John Lawrence Herbert, Esq., of New HaU, Kerry, Montgomeryshire, by his marriage with Joyce Susannah, daughter of Charles Thomas Jones, Esq., of Fronfraith, Llandyssil, in the same county. He was born on the 15th July, 1808, his father having died shortly before. His mother subsequently married Thomas Maddy, Esq., of Moreton House, near Hereford," and went to reside there. The subject of this notice was educated at the Cathedral School, Hereford, and afterwards entered St. John's College, Cambridge, where he distinguished himself by taking the Wright's Prize in the years 1828 and 1829 successively, and graduated as eighth Wrangler in 1830. He proceeded M.A. in due course, and subsequently became a Fellow of his CoUege. During his College days Mr. Herbert was an active member of his College Boat Club, and it may be noted as an interesting fact that he was requested to steer the University boat in the first race rowed between the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge — an office which he prudently declined, because he thought it undesirable to reduce himself to the required weight. He was throughout life fond of sport, especially of fishing. Mr. Herbert chose the law for his profession, and was called to the Bar by the Honourable Society of Lincoln's Inn in Easter Term, 1835, joining the Oxford Circuit. His business, however, principally lay in London, wheie he practised with success for some time as an equity draftsman and conveyancer. Shortly after the passing of the Tithe Com mutation Aet he was appointed an Assistant Tithe and Copy hold Commissioner, — an office which he filled for some years. In 1844 he was appointed a Commisioner for enfranchising the assessionable Manors of the Duchy of Cornwall, and to enable him to fulfil his duties as such he went to reside for two years in that county. In 1847, Mr. Herbert was one of the first Judges appointed for the new County Courts established, or rather remodelled, under an Act of the previous year, and this office he continued to hold up to his death. The Circuit assigned to him comprised the towns and districts of Presteign, Knighton, Leominster, Hereford, Abergavenny, Chepstow, Monmouth, Newport, Ponty pool, Eoss, Tredegar, and Usk. The absence of railway communication between most of these towns in those days necessitated his driving from town to town in his ovm carriage, — a four-wheeled dogcart, drawn by a pair of horses called by him " Justice " and " Cottenham." In 1868, his Circuit was considerably altered, the towns of Presteign, Knighton, Leominster, and Hereford being taken away, while CrickhoweU and the important town and district of Cardiff were added to it. Mr. Herbert brought to the discharge of his duties an enthusi astic disposition, great industry, and a wide and extensive know ledge of law,-vqualities which combined to make him a most able judge. He was moreover a good speaker, and expressed him self with great clearness and force. His decisions T^ere rarely 119 appealed against, and more rarely reversed ; and as shewing the estimation in which his judgment was held, trial by jury had become almost obsolete in his Courts. In an appeal against one of his decisions, the Lord Chief Justice of the Common Pleas remarked that the judgment of Mr. Herbert was a masterly exposition of th« law, and that it would be an honour to his Court to have it entered upon its records. His familiarity with accounts was extraordinary, and the unravelling of mathe matical problems and arithmetical puzzles was a great deUght to him. He had, moreover, a keen sense of humour, and many anecdotes are related of his pleasantries and witticisms. Mr. Herbert was also a Magistrate for the counties of Hereford and Monmouth, and, I believe, also of Eadnor and Glamorgan. In the first named county he for many years acted as Deputy- Chairman of Quarter Sessions. Himself an erudite scholar, he took great interest in educational and other movements for pro moting the welfare of what may be called the lower middle, and poorer classes. He was a Fellow of the Geological Society, and had some knowledge of music, being himself a fairly good per former on the flute. His knowledge of agriculture and agricul tural customs was very extensive. For many years he himself farmed somewhat extensively, and for the last thirty-one years of his life he was a Fellow of the Eoyal Agricultural Society. He was eminently social in his habits, and while himself throughout life an exceedingly moderate and abstemious man, he was always one of the leading spirits at any festive gathering he attended, ever full of fun and joke. Mr. Herbert was twice married — first, in 1840, to Mary Anne, eldest daughter of Thomas Johnes, Esq., of Garthmyl isaf, Montgomeryshire, who died in 1876 ; and, secondly, in 1877, to Mary Charlotte, fourth daughter of the Eev. Thomas Philpotts, Porthgwidden, CornwaU, who survived him. His last illness was very brief. He presided in the Cardiff Court, with his usual ability and with undiminished mental faculties, on Saturday, the 28th October, 1882, but he died on the following Friday, the 3rd of November, at his resi dence, Eocklands, near Eoss (where he lived the greater part of his judicial life), and, on the 7th of the same month, was buried in the churchyard of Goodrich, Monmouthshire. HEEEING, Eev. JULINES (oe JULIUS), an eminent Puritan divine and preacher, was bom at Llanbrynmair in 1582. When he was but three years old his father, according to Puller, " returned hence to Coventry, in which he was highly related ; " whose ancestors for the space of nearly 200 years had been in " their course chief officers of that city." He was educated at Morechurch, Salop, and at the Coventry Grammar School, and when 16 years old his parents, " pereeiring a pregnancy in their " son bred him in Sydney College in Cambridge," where in due time he proceeded M.A. Eeturning home, he studied divinity, and though he objected to subscription, he obtained orders from an Irish bishop, and became a frequent and popular preacher at 120 Coventry. He afterwards obtained the living of Calk, in Derby shire, where he remained about 8 years, attracting so many hearers that the church would not hold them. At this time he married a Miss GelUbrand, by whom he had 13 children. This living he had to resign apparently owing to his scruples as to ceremonies. In 1618 he hired the hall of the Drapers Company at Shrewsbury for preaching, and the same year was appointed Tuesday lecturer and preacher at the Sunday mid-day serrice at t.S Alkmond's Church in that town. Here his Puritanism attracted the attention of Archbishop Laud, who said he " would pickle that Herring of Shrewsbury." Complaints of his Nonconformity were made to his bishop, who was unvriUingly obliged to suspend him. The Vicar of St. Alkmond's, however, was said to be " no preacher," and therefore Herring's preaching appears to have been often connived at by the authorities. In 1635 he left Shrewsbury and went to reside at Wrenbury, Cheshire, where for a few months he taught from house to house, but the following year he accepted an invitation to become co-pastor with one Eulice of the English Chureh at Amsterdam. He had much difficulty, however, in evading the prohibition to ministers to leave the country, and he did not arrive in Holland until the 20th September, 1637. He was warmly welcomed, the magistrates of Amsterdam paying the expenses of his journey. He died there on 28th March, 1644. Fuller says of him that " he was a profitable and painsful preacher, being " one of a pious life, but in his judgment disaffected to the " English church discipline," and Samuel Clarke describes him "as a hard student, a solid and judicious divine, and in life " a pattern of good works." HINDE, Majoe General CHAELES THOMAS EDWAED, was the second son of Capt. Jacob William Hinde, of the 16th Hussars, by Harriet, daughter of the Eev. Thomas Youde, and granddaughter of Jenkin Lloyd, Esq., of Cloehfaen, Llangurig. He was born at Plas Madog, near Euabon, in 1820, and entered tha service of the East India Company in 1840. On the outbreak of hostilities between Eussia and Turkey in 1853, he volunteered his services to Omar Pasha, then commanding the Turkish army on the Danube, and was appointed a Ueutenant-colonel under the name of Beyzad Bey. Shortly afterwards he acted as adjutant-general to the force under General Cannon (Bairam Pasha), which was despatched from Shumla for the relief of SiUstria. He took part in the heroic defence of the latter town, and was lying side by side in an embrasure at Eedout Kale with Capt. Butler at the time he received his death wound. In July, 1854, he took an active part in the passage of the Danube and the battle of Giurgevo. He accompanied the army of the Danube to Bucharest, thence to Eupatoria, and was present at various skirmishes before Sebastopol in the years 1865-66. From the Crimea he accompanied the force of Omar Pasha to Mingrelia, 121 and was present at the battle and passage of the Ingur. Por these various services he received the English Crimean medal, the Turkish medals for SiUstria and the Danube, and the Order of Medjidieh, together with his brevet majority and honorary lieutenant-colonelcy. He retumed to India in 1857, and was at once appointed to a command in the state of Eewah, where, during the great mutiny, he raised and organised a force of 800 men, and, at their head in January, 1858, opened the grand Deecan road by capturing six forts with forty guns and two mortars from the mutineers, for which serrice he received the thanks of the Governor-General in Council. Twice more during the mutiny he received similar thanks. He was promoted to the rank of Colonel in 1862, and to that of Major General in January, 1870. He married Harriette Georgina, only daughter of Capt. Souter, by whom he had issue a daughter, Harriet Julia Morforwyn, now the wife of Lieut.-Col. Verney, and whose eldest son, James Hope Verney, is heir presumptive to the Cloehfaen estates. Major General Hinde died at Brussels on the 15th of May, 1870, and was buried in the cemetery of Ixelle. HOWELL, ABEAHAM, was the son of WUliam and EUnor HoweU, of Bontdolgadfan, Llanbrynmair, where he was born on the 4th of April, 1810. He was one of a family of twelve, ten sons and two daughters. His father, who was a flannel manu facturer, found it hard work in those dear and hard times preceding and immediately following the downfall of Napoleon to bring up so large a famUy. He was unable to give them a better education than that afforded by the village school, and the boys had aU to go out into the world at a very early age to earn their bread. Before he was ten years old the subject of this memoir had begun to eam his living at Machynlleth. Having entered the office of Messrs. Owen and Jones, soUcitors in that town, his industry, intelligence, and integrity soon won the confidence of his employers, one of whom (Mr. Joseph Jones) was Clerk of the Peace for the County of Montgomery. About the year 1833 he accompanied the latter to Welshpool on his transferring his practice to that town, and there he spent the rest of his life until he took up his residence at Ehiewport, Berriew, in 1866. After some years he was articled, and in 1840 admitted a solicitor. Soon afterwards he was admitted into partnership with Mr. Joseph Jones and Mr. WiUiam Yearsley, under the style of Jones, Yearsley, and Howell. On the death of Mr. Jones in 1848 the partnership was dissolved, and he practised alone for some years. Subsequently he took into partnership his brother-in-law, Mr. Edward Jones (the present Town Clerk of Welshpool), and again his two sons, the firm being known as HoweU, Jones, and Howell. Mr. Howell, in addition to a large private practice, held for many years the offices of County Treasurer, Clerk to the Tumpike Trustees, and to the Justices of the Hundreds of Mathrafal, Deuthur, Caurse 122 and Pool Upper. Soon after he began to practice at Welshpool he was elected a member of the Town CouncU, and in 1848 was chosen Mayor of the town. He was again elected Mayor in 1860, re-elected in 1861, and again in 1863. During his mayor- aUties, and in great part through his efforts, sewerage and waterworks and a smithfield were prorided, and as long as he lived he took the greatest interest in every project for promoting the welfare of his adopted town. But the chief work of his life was the promotion o_f the various schemes for supplying Mont gomeryshire and Central Wales with railway communication. In this he took a leading and important part. The Oswestry and Newtown, the Shrewsbury and Welshpool, the Oswestry, EUesmere and Whitchurch, the Aberystwith and Welsh Coast, and the Mid- Wales Eailway Acts and the Cambrian Eailways Amalgamation Act were the most important of the many Acts of ParUament which he successfuUy carried through in spite of enormous difficulties. Subsequently he became associated with the late Mr. Darid Davies, of Llandinam, and other gentlemen in the profitable development of the coal fields in the Ehondda VaUey and eventually in forming the Ocean Collieries Company of world-wide celebrity. In 1874 Mr. Howell was placed on the Commission of the Peace, and in 1889 elected a member of the County Council for Welshpool, from which, owing to the infir mities of age, he retired in 1892. He was also a member of the CouncU of the Powysland Club. Few men possessed such an untiring capacity for work, and he retained his vigour and deep interest in public affairs almost to the last. Mr. Howell had married Mary, daughter of Mr. Edward Jones, surgeon, of Welshpool, by whom he had a family of three sons and four daughters, all of whom survive him. After a very short illness his long and laborious Ufe came to a peaceful end on the 12th November, 1893, in the 84th year of his age. In private life Mr. HoweU was greatly esteemed by all who knew him for his kind, gentle, and generous disposition, and his name will always be honourably associated with the history and progress of Montgomeryshire. HOWELL, DAVID, was a younger brother of the above- named Abraham Howell, and was born on the 31st of March, 1816. At an early age a situation was found for him in a solicitor's office at Machynlleth. After some years he was articled, and in 1845 he was admitted a solicitor and taken into partnership by Mr. Hugh Davies. Prom this time until within a couple years of his death he led a very busy life in the active pursuit of his profession, enjoying a very extensive practice, and being highly respected and trusted by aU who knew him. Mr. Davies died very suddenly in. 1850, when Mr. Howell succeeded to his appointments as Clerk (now Eegistrar) to the County Court, Clerk to the Guardians, Superintendent Eegistrar and Steward of the Manor of Cyfeiliog. He had been for some years Secretary of the Machynlleth Savings Bank, and he held 123 that office until the business was transferred to the Post Office Savings Bank about twenty years later. About the beginning of 1865 he was a]ipointed Clerk to the Justices of the Hundreds of MachynUeth and Estimaner. In 1857 he promoted, and successfully carried through Parliament, a BiU for making a railway . to Machynlleth from the Llanidloes and Newtown EaUway at Moat Lane, and was secretary and solicitor to the Company untU its amalgamation with others, in 1864, under the name of the Cambrian Eailways Company. Subsequently he successfully promoted a BUl for making another line of railway from Cemmes Eoad to Dinas Mawddwy, called the Mawddwy Eailway, and for some years acted as its secretary. In November, 1876, he was appointed coroner for the Machynlleth district of Montgomeryshire. Mr. HoweU, who always took great interest in archaeological matters, was a member of the Powys-land Club from its formation up to his death. In 1857 he married Isabella Jane, daughter of the late Matthew Lewis, Esq., of Llanfair Caereinion, and a niece of his former partner, Mr. Hugh Daries, by whom he had four sons and three daughters, aU of whom, as well as Mrs. Howell, survive. Mr. Howell had for some years resided at Craigydon, Aberdovey, and for a considerable time his health had been graduaUy failing. About the beginning of August, 1890, he went to Llandudno for the benefit of his health. On Saturday, the loth of the same month, he died very suddenly at that place in the 75th year of his age, and the following Thursday, the 21st, was buried at Penegoes, near Machynlleth. Mr. Howell, at the time of his death, owned considerable property, and he was a most kind and considerate landlord. His high integrity, kind ness of disposition, and genial manner endeared him to a large circle of friends, by whom his memory will long be affectionately cherished. HOWELL, GWILYM, oe WILLIAM, was a native of Llangurig, where he was born in 1705, but he spent the greater part of his life at Llanidloes, holding the post of steward or agent of the BerthUwyd estate for many years, and at one time serving the office of Mayor of that borough. He was a poet of some merit, but is best known as a pubUsher of a series of Welsh almanacks or annuals, containing, in addition to the astronomical notes and other intelligence usually comprised in such publications, original poetry and other literary matter of much interest. These annuals (ten of which were published under Mr. Howell's editorship) attained great popularity, but are now extremely rare. They were printed at Shrewsbury. Several local Eisteddfodau were held under his auspices at Llanidloes. He died on the 4th of March, 1775-6, and was buried under the yew-tree near the entrance to the churchyard there. The following Englyn by himself, and composed apparently shortly before his death, is engraved on his tomb stone ; — 124 " Er gwychion|gwynion eu gwedd, — er p'lasau, Br pleser, anrhydedd j Br dewrion do'n o'r diwedd Br daued y bo'n i dy'r bedd. Ot, H., 1755." HUET, Eev. THOMAS, D.D., the Welsh BibUcal scholar' was bom in 1544, and was educated at Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, where he took his B.A. degree in 1562. He became Master of the Holy Trinity at Pontefract, and on its dissolution received a pension. On the 20th November, 1560, the Queen gave him the living of Trefeglwys. From 1562 to 1588 he was precentor at St. David's Cathedral. He was a strong Protestant. He signed the thirty-nine articles in the Convocation of 1562-3, and in 1571 dismissed the Eoman Catholic sexton at St. David's for concealing Popish Mass books. These books he pubUcly burned. Bishop Davies, of St. David's, in 1565, recommended him for the Bishopric of Bangor, but though supported by Parker he failed to obtain it. He, however, received the rectories of Cefnllys and Dyserth, in Eadnorshire, and about the same time the degree of D.D. was conferred upon him. Huet died on the 19th August, 1691, and was buried at Llanafan Church, Breconshire, from which the author of Llyfryddiaeth y Cymry conjectures that he may have been a native of that parish, and that it was the burial place of his family. He himself resided for some time, it appears, at Aber Dihoew, near Builth. He was one of the translators of the Greek Testament into Welsh, which was published by William Salesbury in 1667, the portion done by him being the Book of the Eevelation, to which his initials, T.H.C.M., ihat is, Cantor Menevise, are attached. HUGAEFAEL, one of the sons of Cyndrwyn, Prince of part of Powys, who lived early in the sixth century. HUGHES,. Eev. DAVID, M.A., was a native of South Wales. He was brought up at Jesus College, Oxford, and was an excellent scholar. In 1808 he obtained the rectory of Hirnant, and in 1813 that of Llanfyllin, which he held for 37 years. He was one of the public examiners at his University in 1810-11, and was corrector of the University Press when the corrected edition of the Bible was brought out in 1809. He also published a visitation sermon, and a small volume of poems under the title, Pigian o Salmau a Hymnau wedi eu casglu allan o waith amryw Awdwyr, (Llanfyllin, 1820). He died April llth, 1850, and was buried in Llanfyllin Churchyard. HUGHES, EZEKIEL, the first Welsh settler in Ohio, was the second son of Eichard and Mary Hughes, of Cwmearnedd, Llanbrynmair, where he was born August 22nd, 1767. His father was a respectable freeholder, whose family had been settled at Cwmearnedd for more than two centuries. Ezekiel was placed in a school at Shrewsbury for some time, and after wards, when he was eighteen years old, apprenticed to a clock- maker and jeweller at Machynlleth. Having served out his 125 apprenticeship and learnt his trade, he by the advice of his father determined to seek a home in the far West, and accord ingly he in April, 1795, in company with his cousin, Edward Bebb (whose son, the Hon. WiUiam Bebb, became Governor of Ohio), set sail from Bristol for Philadelphia in the American ship Maria. After a stormy and adventurous voyage of thirteen weeks duration, they arrived at their destination. Ezekiel Hughes remained about a year at PhUadelphia, where the American Congress was then sitting, and made the acquaintance of Washington and other leading American statesmen. After risiting several of the Welsh settlements in Pennsylvania he and his friend Bebb early in 1796 turned their faces westward, and after spending a few weeks at the infant settlement of Beulah (now Ebensburg) pushed on through the wilderness to Pittsburg, then a very smaU town. From Pittsburg they pro ceeded in an open boat, and reached Marietta in three days. After inspecting the lands in that neighbourhood the two friends pushed on in their boat to Mays VUle, Kentucky, and thence to Port Washington, now Cincinnati. That great Ohio city, now nearly as large as Birmingham, was founded December 28th, 1788, and incorporated as a city in 1819. The first white child was born there March 17th, 1790, being only six years before Ezekiel Hughes's settlement there. Here he purchased by way of experiment 80 acres of land for two dollars and a quarter (about nine shUlings) per acre, and finding the land well adapted for the cultivation of potatoes and com he subse quently in 1801 made other large purchadcs. When he settled there he writes that he had three neighbours within a moderate distance. His friend Bebb settled in the fruitful valley of Paddy's Eun, Ohio. In 1802 Hughes visited his native country, and married Miss Margaret Bebb, of Brynaere Mawr, Llan brynmair, with whom he returned the following year to his log house on the banks of the great Miami river. His wife, how ever, died in about a year's time, and was the first to be buried in the Berea Cemetery. In ] 808 he was married again to Miss Mary Ewing, of Pennsylvania, by whom he had seven children. In 1805 he was appointed by the Govemor of Ohio with two others to plan and make a road from the mouth of the Miami to Hamilton, Oldo, and the following year was appointed a Justice of the Peace. President Harrison was one of his intimate friends and a near neighbour, and both laboured together as teachers in the same Sunday School. He divided his estate into large and convenient holdings, which he let out to respectable tenants on fair leases, and he so arranged that each of his children inherited a good farm. In 1820 he sus tained a fall in descending the steps of a church at Cincinnati, which caused him to be lame the remainder of his days. He died on the 2nd of September, 1849, aged 82 years, having lived to see one of the largest and most important of American cities occupying the spot which fifty years before he had found almost a wilderness, Throughout life he cherished with great 126 fondness his native Welsh language, and the reUgious principles of his youth. He delighted in reading Welsh books, and was always particularly kind to Welsh emigrants, hundreds of whom owed much to his timely assistance and advice. HUGHES, Eev. JOHN, of Pontrobert, was born on the 22nd of February, 1776, at Y Figyn, in the parish of Llanfi hangel. His parents were poor, and he lost his father when he was about seven years old. Like John Poster, he was brought up to the trade of a weaver, but, like him, he did not greatly prosper in that calling. He, for a time, kept a day school at various places,»and having in his 22nd year joined the Calvin istic Methodists, he, in 1800, began to preach. He was ordained to the full work of the ministry at Bala, in 1814. Having had but few educational advantages in early youth, he, by dint of hard study, not only mastered the English language, but acquired some knowledge of Greek, Latin, and Hebrew. He, indeed, partly compiled for his own use a Welsh-Greek dictionary, which still remains in MS. He was long considered one of the leaders of the Calvinistic Methodists in Wales. His sermons (many of which were published) were vigorous, terse, and lucid. His appearance was uncouth and ungainly, his personal habits were slovenly and forbidding, and his voice unmusical and somewhat harsh, but, notwithstanding these dis advantages, he often displayed much power in the pulpit, and he undoubtedly possessed great influence over his brethren. He wrote and published several religious biographies, several able articles in the Welsh Quarterly Y Traethodydd, and also many hymns in Welsh, some of which wUl long retain their popu larity, such as " Bywyd y meirw tyr'd i'n plith " " Duw ymddangosodd yn y cnawd " &c. A smaU collection of his hymns under the title Hymnau i'w canu yn yr Ysgolion Sabbothol was published at Bala in 1821. It is chiefly to him and his wife that Wales owes the preserva tion of Ann Griffiths's seraphic poetry. He worked hard, and travelled many thousands of miles on horseback during his long ministerial life. In his younger days he made several journeys to London on horseback, and he used to say that each night on his way he managed to find lodging with a Welshman. He died at Pontrobert, Meifod, where he spent the greater part of his life, on the 3rd of August, 1854, in the 80th year of his age, and was buried in the chapel graveyard there, where a monu ment vrith a suitable inscription has been erected to his memory. HUGHES, JOHN CEIEIOG, though not a native of Montgomeryshire, was born not very many miles outside its borders, and lived long and died and was buried within the county, so that on these grounds we may be allowed to claim him as a "Montgomeryshire Worthy." John Hughes, in after Ufe universally known among his countrymen by his bardic 127 name Geiriog, was the youngest of eight children of Eichard and Phcebe Hughes, of Penybryn, in the lonely and romantic vale of Llanarmon, Denbighshire, where he was bom on the 25th of September, 1832. His parents were thrifty, industrious, and highly respected among the farming class to which they belonged. His mother, in particular, was rather superior in intelUgence and attainments to most of her neighbours, and doubtless made up in some degree for the want of local advan tages for the education of children. John attended the village school until he was about fifteen, and then for a time assisted his father on the farm. It soon became evident, however, that he would never make a farmer. After trying a printer's office at Oswestry for about three months, and a grocer's shop at Manchester for about the same period, he found a situation as clerk in the railway goods office at London Eoad Station, Man chester, where he remained for sixteen years, and finally attained a responsible position. He was at this time of a very studious tum of mind, and before he was twenty wrote several pieces of poetry which attracted some attention. He won his first prize at a Uterary meeting held in Grosvenor Square Chapel, Man chester. 'This was about 1852, and for the next fifteen or sixteen years he was a constant competitor, and generally a winner, at Welsh Eisteddfodau. It was, however, at the great Llangollen Eisteddfod, in September, 1858, that he at once secured a foremost position among the lyric poets of Wales, by his successful pastoral poem on " Myfanwy Fychan " — an exquisite composition of not quite 400 lines. This is generaUy considered his masterpiece, and its chaste and simple beauty cannot be matched by any other poem of its kind in the Welsh language. In 1860 a small volume of his poetry was published under the title Oriau 'r Hwyr (Evening Hours), which has since gone through many editions In 1862 his second volume of poems appeared under the name of Oriau 'r Boreu (Moming Hours). Another volume came out in 1863 under the title of Cant o Ganeuon (One hundred Songs), and this was foUowed ere long by Y Bardd a'r Cerddor (the Poet and Musician), and some years later by Oriau Eraill (Other Hours, 1868) and Oriau 'r Hdf (Summer Hours, 1870). He also pub Ushed a collection of choice extracts from his own and other works, adapted for public recitation, under the title of Gemau'r Adroddwr (the Eeciter's Gems). Besides these his published works include the librettos of a cantata on "The Siege of Harlech," for the Swansea Eisteddfod, and another on " The Prmce of Wales " for the Carnarvon Eisteddfod, 1862. This last led to the composition of the popular air and words, " God Bless the Prince of Wales " As there has been some mis apprehension on the subject, it may not be out of place to give here Ceiriog's own account of the circumstances : — " The National Bisteddfod, held in Camarvon Castle, August 26th to 30th, 1862, was brought to. a close by performing Owain Alaw's 'Prince of Wales Cantata.' I had written this cantata at the request of the 128 General Council of Tr Eisteddfod, to commemorate the birth of the first Prince in that castle, referring to the coming of age of His Boyal Highness Albert Edward, our present illustrious Prince. On the morning following the Eisteddfod Mr. Brinley Richards and myself happened to oaU at the same time at the offices of the Carnarvon and Denbigh Herald to obtain .that day's paper containing a full report of the National Festival aUd the evening concerts. He congratulated me for having written the words of the cantata, which he stated had given him some satisfaction. I repUed that my share of honour could be but smaU, and attributed the immense success of its performance — firstly, to the com poser of the music ; secondly, to the enthusiasm then existing generaUy throughout the United Kingdom on the advent of the coming of age of H.E.H the Prince of Wales. 1 he abiUty of the choir and the historical associations of the place where the cantata was performed were also referred to. This led to further conversation, during which one of us said that His Royal Highness was not only coming of age but w;a3 reported in the papers to be married shortly to the Princess Alexandra of Denmark. The Principality since its union with England had no appro priate National Anthem, but the high tide of overwhelming enthusiasm was approaching, and we decided to have something to launch, for there was a tide for songs as weU as fortunes. I then expressed a wish that Mr. Richards would kindly compose music suitable to words for a national song, which I would endeavour to furnish him. The words were forwarded in due oours.e, and were shortly returned to me with the music. Llew Llwyfo and' several friends of mine saiig them in public concerts for two -months - before the EngUsh version was written. In fact, the. song was intended to be a purely Welsh one, and the idea of obtaining an English version was an after-thought, which naijuraUy suggested itself to the composer when he was about arranging with the pubUshers to buy the copyright. Mr. Brinley Richards and myself had many EngUsh versions to select from before we decided on Mr. George Linley's, and I beUeve Mr. Richards himself wrote the whole of the chorus part commencing " Among our ancient mountains,' &c. A writer in the South London Press, February, 1870, asserts the ameruie has to be made to Mr. George Liuley, the real author of the words, or rather the gentleman who ' did them out of the Welsh,' and hence the reason I have entered into these detaUs, showing that the song existed for some time purely' as a Welsh one, and was becoming popular in the Princi- paUty before the English version was coniposed. • The third verse was written at the request of the pubUshers, and has only appeared in their latest editions of the music." ¦ Mr. Eichards, it seems, received .£10 for the copyright of the song, and, in consequence of its popularity, was subsequently presented with ^8100 by the publishers . He presented Ceiriog with a ring, which was all he obtained for his share in it. In a similar way Ceiriog wrote a great many other songs and lyrics, some of them very charming, for old Welsh melodies, arranged by Messrs. John Owen, Brinley Eichards, and other popular musicians, as well as for new compositions. About fifty of his songs are published in Brinley Eichards's Songs of Wales, which first appeared in 1873. He thus rendered to the national airs of Wales service similar to that done by Burns to those of Scotland, and by Moore to those of Ireland. Several of his compositions appeared also in the Trdtethodydd and other Welsh periodicals. Arnoiig Ceiriog's prize compositions, not already mentioned, are an epic poem' oh " Sir Ehys ap Thomas," written for the Carmarthen Eisteddfod, 1867, and a love-song, Catrin 129 Tudor, for Bangor Bisteddfod, 1874. He also wrote a heroic poem on Helen Luyddawg, These, and a few songs, appear to be about all the poetry he wrote during the last fourteen years of his life. During all that time, much to the regret of his countrymen, his muse was nearly silent. His hitherto unpub lished works were after his death collected and published in a smaU volume under the title of Yr Oriau Olaf (The Last Hours, 1888). Ceiriog was also a facile and vigorous prose writer when he liked, as his excellent article on Dafydd ab Gwilym, in the Owyddoniadur ; his frequent contributions to Baner Cymru, as its regular correspondent fpr twenty-seven years, and one article on Dyffryn Ceiriog Folk-lore, which appeared in the Mont gomeryshire Collections, abundantly testify. Ceiriog married, on the 22nd February, 1861, Anne, daughter of Thomas Eoberts, chemist, the Lodge, Chirk. Of this union there were two sons and two daughters, all of whom are Uving. Tired of city life, and longing for a home among the Welsh mountains, he in 1866 sought and obtained the appointment of station- master at Llanidloes. In 1870 he removed to Towyn, but did not remain long at that place. The following year he was appointed manager of the Van Eailway, then just opened, and took up his residence for a short time at Trefeglwys, and after wards at Caersws, where he spent the remainder of his days. In November, 1886, he went up to London to take part in the ceremonies attending the proclamation of the National Eistedd fod to be held there in 1887. His last pubUc appearance was at the Holborn Town HaU, on the llth November, 1886, when he received quite an ovation from the large gathering of his countrymen who were present. During his stay in the metropolis he caught a severe cold, which, unhappily, developed into a serious and painful illness, which finally proved fatal. He was confined to his house for several months. He died at Caersws on Saturday, the 23rd of April, 1887, and was buried the foUowing Tuesday, at the parish church of Llanwnog. Wales has produced during the last fifty years four eminent lyric poets — Talhaiarn, Mynyddog, Islwyn and Ceiriog — but the greatest of these undoubtedly, and perhaps the greatest of all Welsh lyric poets, was Ceiriog. Some of his poems have been trans lated into English by himself and others ; but such translations necessarily convey but a faint idea of the charm and beauty of the originals. A few months after his death the Government recognised his claims to the gratitude of the nation for his eminent services to Welsh literature, by granting to his widow a Civil List pension of ^£50 per annum. HUGHES, Eev. THOMAS, a Wesleyan minister of some eminence, and the author of several works, was the son of a poor quarryman at Llangynog, where he was born during the third decade of the present century. His parents removed, when he was young, to the neighbourhood of Llangollen, and there in 1842 he began to preach. In spite of many difficulties 130 he mastered the English language, and beame an influential and acceptable minister in several important circuits. He was the author of the following works: — (1) 'Ihe Ideal Theory of Berkeley and the Eeal World (1865) ; (2) The Human Will, its Functions and Freedom (1867) ; (3) The Economy of Thought (1876); (4) Knowledge: the fit and intended furniture of the mind ; (5) The Great Barrier, a delineation of prejudice in its different phases ; (6) Sermons; The Divine and the Human in Nature, Revelation, Religion and Life; (7) Prayer and the Divine Order, or the Union of the Natural and Supernatural in Prayer; (8) Things New and Old relative to Life, being Sermons on different subjects ; (9) The Condition of Membership in the Christian < hurch viewed in connection with the Class Meeting in the Methodist Body, and eight or nine smaller works, chiefly sermons on special occasions. The last-named work, dis approving of the devotional meeting* known among Wesleyan Methodists as " Classes," brought upon its author the displeasure of his brethren in the ministry. Tn his latter years he became a supernumerary, aud lived at Morton, near Oswestry, where he died January 31st, 1884. HUGHES, WILLIAM, the harpist, was a native of Llan santffraid, where he was born in 1798. He was a brilliant player on the Welsh or triple harp. He unsuccessfully competed with Benjamin Connah and others at the Wrexham Eisteddfod in 1820. At Carnarvon Eisteddfod in September, 1821 (the Marquis of Anglesey presiding), we find him again competing with Connah (his old master and nine others, and carrying off the silver harp with twenty guineas. His success was received with great enthusiasm, although it seems that some of the judges wished to award the prize to Connah. He competed again at Welshpool in 1824, but giving way to habits of intem perance he never distinguished himself again in public. At the time of his death, which took place in Liverpool in 1866, he was engaged to play the harp at an hotel there. HUGHES, EDWAED {Eos Maldwyn), son of the above-named William Hughes, was also an accompUshed harpist. Among many other eisteddfodic honours he won a grand Welsh harp at the Abergavenny Eisteddfod with a silver medal, presented by Lady Hall (now Llanover). He died of consumption at Liverpool on the Oth of December, 1862. HUMPPEAY, The Hon. JOHN BASSON, was born a,t Newtown on the 17th April, 1824, and when a young man emigrated to Australia, where he settled at Ballarat in the colony of Victoria. Here he soon gained a prominent position, and took the lead in the town of his adoption in the constitutional struggle for poUtical reform. He was elected the first member for West Ballarat in the Eeformed ParUament, and was appointed the first Minister of Mines for the Colony of Victoria, fie died at Ballarat on the 18th March, 1891, in his 67th year. 131 HUMPHEEY, «aFJ5¥lEFPEP DAFYDD AB IFAN, was an excellent poet and parish clerk of Llanbrynmair, who flourished in the seventeenth century. He was on terms of friendship with William Phylip, of Ardudwy, another eminent poet of that age, who, it is said, on one occasion paid a visit to the village of Llanbrynmair, and asking a lad to shew him the house of Wmffre Dafydd, the lad led him to the churchyard, and, pointing to a fresh grave, said, "This is the house of " Wmffre Dafydd ab Ifan." This circumstance greatly affected W. Phylip, and caused him to write his "Ode to the Grave." Several of Wmffre Dafydd ab Ifan's poems were published in Ffoulke Owen's Oerdd lyfr, published at Oxford in 1686, subse quent editions of which were pablished at Shrewsbury under the name of Carolau a Dyriau Duwiol, by Thomas Jones in 1696, and by Sion Ehydderch in 1729. Others have appeared in the Gwyliedydd and other magazines, and some still remain in manuscript in the Hengwrt, the Ceniarth, and other collections. HUMPHEEYS, HENEY, the harpist, of Welshpool, was the son of Henry Humphreys of the same place, an excellent trumpet player. He unsuccessfully contested for the silver harp with several eminent players at the Carmarthen Eisteddfod in July, 1819, when Thomas Blayney was declared the victor. One of the airs played by him was a beautiful one, not so well known as it should be, called " HoU leuenctyd Cymru" (All ye Cambrian youth). His father having died about Ihis time, leaving a widow and eight children in indigent circumstances, this air, with Humphreys' variations, and with a monody on the death of Sir Thomas Picton by the Eev. Walter Daries, was published, with the assistance of the Eev. J. Jenkins, of Kerry, for their benefit. He afterwards unsuccessfully competed on the triple harp, with nine others, at the Wrexham Eisteddfod on the 14th September, 1820, when he executed "Pen Ehaw " with variations in a very masterly manner. At a bardic meeting held at the Eev. John Jenkins' house at Kerry, on the 20th January, 1820, the Eev. Walter Davies addressed the following Englyn to Humphreys : — " Poed heb loes hir oes a hedd — i'r if ano, Er afiaeth a mawredd ; Bydd Harri, goleuni gwledd, Cywir dSn, cured Wynedd." He won the silver harp at the Brecon Eisteddfod in 1822, and again at Welshpool in 1824. HUMPHEEYS, JAMES, an eminent conveyancing counsel, was born at Montgomery about the year 1768, his father being Mr. Charles Gardiner Humphreys, a solicitor in good practice there. He received his early education at Shrewsbury School, after which he was articled to Mr. W. Pugh, of Caerhowell, a solicitor in very extensive practice, father of the late Mr. W. Pugh, of BrynUywarch, and grandfather of Mr. W. Buckley 132 Pugh, DoUor HaU, and Patrington. Leaving Mr. Pugh's office, he was for a short time at that of a Mr. Yeomans, at Worcester, and then proceeded to London, where in 1787 he entered as a pupil the chambers of Mr, Charles Butler. At this period of his life he imbibed those liberal political principles to which he was a steadfast adherent ever afterwards, and which brought him into association and intimacy with Home Tooke, Dr. Parr, Sir Samuel Eomilly, and other leading men of the day. On leaving Mr. Butler's chambers, Mr. Humphreys commenced practice as a conveyancer, in which, though slowly, he established a high reputation and a lucrative business. He contributed several articles to the Supplement to Viner' s Abridgment; but the work which at the time made him famous was one published by him in 1826 under the title. Observations on the actual state of the English Laws of Real Property with the Outlines of a Code, This publication produced numerous pamphlets for and against his views, one of his principal opponents being Sir Edward Sugden, afterwards Lord St. Leonards. A second edition of the Observations came out in 1827. This work, undoubtedly, did much to place the subject of law reform in the prominent position it occupied soon after that date, and to bring about the amendments in the law of real property afterwards made by the legislature. In 1822 he married Charlotte, daughter of Bartlett Goodrich, Esq., of Saling Grove, Essex. His health, which had long been delicate, gave way in the autumn of 1829, and his illness was aggravated hy a fall from his horse about that time. He lingered, however, until the winter of 1830, when he died at Upper Woburn Place, London, aged 62 years. Shortly after his death an interesting memoir of him, written by his nephew, the late Erskine Humphreys, Esq., appeared in the Cambrian Quarterly Magazine, HUMPHEEYS, Eeae-Admieal Sie SALUSBUEY PEYCE. E.N., a brave naval officer, was a grandson of the Eev. Dr. Salusbury Pryce, who was Vicar of Meifod for the long period of 63 years. Tt was he who committed the bold yet, as some think, justifiable error of firing on the Chesapeake, American ship of war. He was the son of the Eev. Evan Humphreys, rector of Montgomery and Clungunford, by Mary, daughter of the Eev. Dr. Salusbury Pryce, and he was bomin November, 1778. He was an officer of some distinction, and saw a good deal of service during his short career up to the time when he attained the rank of Captain '; but will best be remembered as Captain of the Leopard, when in 1807 at Halifax, Nova Scotia, under orders, he boarded the Chesapeake American frigate, for the seizure of some naval deserters, which led to loss of life on both sides, an angry correspondence between both Governments, and to his own ultimate retirement on half-pay. He became, never theless, a Eear-Admiral of the White, and was made a C.B. in 1831, and. K.C.H. (Knight Commander of the Eoyal Hanoverian Guelphic Order) in February, 1834, He married firstly, in 1806, 133 Jane Elizabeth, daughter and co-heir of John Tixel Morin, Esq., of Weedon Lodge, by whom he had a son, the Eev. Salusbury Humphreys, who inherited tbe Weedon estate ; secondly, in 1810 Maria Brooke Vel Davenport, natural daughter and heir of William Davenport, Esq., of Bramall, Cheshire ; and by sign manual he in 1838 assumed the name and arms of Davenport. Sir Salusbury Pryce Humphreys Davenport died on the 15th November, 1845, and was buried at Leckhampton. HUW CAE LLWYD was probably a native of ArwystU. He was a poet who flourished from 1450 to 1480. He presided at the Glamorgan Gorsedd in 1470. There are at least eight of his poems preserved in the British Museum. One, with a trans lation, is printed in the second volume of the " History of Powys Fadog." He was buried at Llanuwchllyn. HYWEL AB SYE MATHEW, an eminent poet, herald, and genealogist, who flourished between 1530 and 1560, or a little later perhaps. Lewis Dwnn wrote an elegy upon his death, dated 1581. Some of his poems are, it is said, still preserved in MS. According to a Memorandum attributed to Ehys Cain, dated about 1570, he wrote a " History of all Britain," and his books were seen by him, and pronounced fair, valuable, and intelligent. Lewis Dwnn inspected his MSS. also, and bore testimony to their great value The latter was also a pupil of his, and had many of his books. The celebrated WilUam Lleyn was also one of his pupils. His name would imply that he was the son of a Protestant clergyman. HYWEL SWEDWAL, an eminent poet and historian of Cedewain, who wrote between 1430 and 1460. He was bailiff of Newtown in the years 1454-5 and 6. He is also said to have Uved at Machynlleth. According to a manuscript apparently written by 'Ehys Cain about 1570, found by Mr. Edward Jones {Bardd y Brenin) in the possession of Mr. Evan Bowen, Penyrallt, Llanidloes, and by him translated and pub lished in his Relics of Welsh Bards, Hywel Swrdwal was " a " Master of Arts, and a chief of song, wrote the history of the " three principalities of Wales from Adam to the first king in a "fair Latin volume; and from Adam to the time of King " Edward the I. ; also he wrote a Welsh Chronicle, which is now "with Owain Gwynedd, chief bard, and a teacher of his " science." According to another old MS. in the British Museum, quoted in the Brython (vol. iu , p. 137), he was buried at Llanuwchllyn, in Merionethshire. There is in the Library of Ballioi College, Oxford, a volume of Welsh poetry containing a curious English poem, "An ode to the Virgin Mary," written in the Welsh mode of alliterarion and orthography by way of a challenge to certain Englishmen who alleged that no Welshman could possibly be made as good, as learned, and as wise a scholar or as skilful a versifier as an Englishman.. It begins — 134 " O michti lady, our leding ; — to haf At hef n our abeiding j Tntw thei ffest everlasting , I set a braints ws tw bring." (O mighty lady our leading — to have At heaven our abiding ; TTnto thy feast everlasting I set a braynts [branch] us to bring.) This is sometimes attributed to Hywel Swrdwal and sometimes to his son, leuan ab Hywel Swrdwal. It is given at length in Arch, Camb. vol. i. (second series), p. 304. See also Cam. Journal iv. 39. IDLOES, the founder of the church of Llanidloes, was a saint living in the early part of the seventh century. He was the son of Llawvrodedd Varvog (or Varchog) Coch, and was famed for his piety. A saying of his is preserved in Englynion y Clywed : — " A glywaist ti a gant Idloes Gwr gw4r hygar ei einioes, Goreu cynnydd cadw moes." (Hast thou heard what- Idloes sang, A man of a peaceful and amiable disposition ; The best [road to] prosperity is by observing civUity.) A slightly different version is given of , the saying in Chwedlau'r Doethion (the Sayings of the Wise), namely — " Goreu oynneddf yw cadw moes " (The best quality is that of maintaining morals). lEUAN AB BEDO GWYN, a poet who flourished from about 1530 to 1570. He lived at Llyssyn (of which he was also the owner) in the parish of Llanerfyl. Some of his poems remain in manuscript. TEUAN AB HUW CAE LLWYD, a poet who flourished between 1470 and 1600. His compositions remain in manu script. TEUAN AB HYWEL SWEDWAL, a son of Hywel Swrdwal, already noticed, was also an eminent poet and his torian. The manuscript already quoted describes him, too, as a Master of Arts, and states that he " wrote a fair book in Welsh " of the three principalities of Wales, from the time of " CadwaUader to that of King Henry VL, and" was a primitive "bard of transcendent merit." He flourished between 1450 and 1480, and some of his poems are preserved in manuscript. lEUAN DYPI, another eminent poet, who wrote between 1470 and 1600, and whose compositions remain in manuscript. lEUAN TEW, otherwise called leuan Tew Hen, or leuan Tew Hynaf, was an eminent poet of Arwystli who flourished from about 1400 to 1440, He presided at the Glamorgan Gorsedd in 1420, and was buried at Llanidloes. Some of his poems remain in manuscript. 136 IFAN, SYE o Garno, a clergyman and an accomplished poet who Uved at Carno about 1630 to 1570. A " Stanza to the " Snake" and a few other short compositions of his are found in the Greal. Among his other works still extant is a poetical correspondence carried on by him with his neighbour Huw Arwystli. INGE AM, EOBEET, was Ihe son of Mr. Edward Ingram, of Old Hal], Glynhafren, Llanidloes, where he was born about the year 1784. He was taU, finely-built, and handsome, full of restless activity, and sought at an early age congenial work for his adventurous spirit by joining the navy. On the 1st Septem ber, 1798, he went on board the Formidable, 98, under Captain Whitshed, then stationed in the Channel. Tn the following November he joined the Triton, 32, as midshipman ; was in the Medusa, 32, on the home and Mediterranean stations until July, 1802, and, when in company off Cape Finisterre with the Naiad and Alcmene, witnessed the capture of the Santa Brigada, a Spanish 36-gun frigate, having on board 1,400,000 dollars, besides a cargo of equal value. He was also at an attack made by Lord Nelson in 1 801 on the Boulogne flotilla After serving for some time in the Mediterranean on board the Cyclops and Termagant sloops, Mr. Ingram rejoined the Medusa in February, 1804, and on the 5th October following was present at the capture of three more Spanish frigates laden with treasure, and the destruction of a fourth off Cape St. Mary. In the course of the following year he successively became lieutenant of the Fervent and the Rebuff gun-brigs, and also of the Favourite sloop, stationed on the coast of . Africa, where he displayed an eminent degree of zeal and perseverance in the latter vessel, during an arduous chase of three days in December, ] 805, which terminated in the capture of Le General Blanchard, a privateer of 16 guns and 130 men. He was made full lieutenant 1st September, 1806, tO the Princess of Orange, 74, fiagship in the Downs of Vice-Admiral Hollo way ; and after he had been for a short time re-attached to the Favourite, he was in May, 1807, appointed to the Medusa sloop, which formed part of the force employed in the Walcheren expedition. Tn 1808 he left the navy and returned to his native place, where he led a prodigal sort of life, selUng portions of the family estates to supply himself with money, and finally, in 1826, disposing of the Old Hall itself — the residpnce of his ancestors for nearly 200 years. He was then appointed to the Gloucester, which formed part of the fieet sent to assist the Portuguese. On the 28th October, 1829, he was advanced to the command of the Mina bomb, and paid her off 26th May, 1830, after which he was not employed. Com mander Ingram married 7th September, 1806, Miss WUmot, of Portsmouth. He died on the 13th August, 1860, aged 76, at 92, St. Thomas-street, Portsmouth, and was buried at the Ports mouth Cemetery, at Southsea. 136 lOEWEETH AB BLEDDYN AB CYNFYN, a Prince of Powys, "the honour and comfort of Britain," (" Decus et solamen Britanniae." —Ann. Camb.) Having in 1101 joined Eobert de Belesmo, Earl of Salop, and Arnnlph, Earl of Pembroke, in rebellion against the King (Henry I.), the latter '' was counselled to send priuiUe to lorwerth ap Blethyn, promising him great gifts, if hee would forsake the Barle and serve him, remembring what wrongs the Earles father Roger [de Montgomery] and his brother Hugh had doone to the Welshmen. Also the King to make him more wiUing to sticke vnto him, gave him aU such lands as the Barle and his brother had in Wales without tribute or oth; which was a peece of Powys, Cardigan and halfe Dyuet. * * * lorwerth being glad of these offers received them wUlinglie, and then coming himself to the king, he sent his power to the Earles land, which doing their maisters comandement, destroied and spoiled aU the countrie for the Earle had caused his people to conveie aU their cattoU and goods to Wales, Utle remembering the mischiefs that the Welshmen had received at his fathers and brothers hands. But when these newes came to the Earle to Cadogan, and Meredyth lorwerths brethren, they were all dismaid and despaired to be able to withstand the king ; for lorwerth was the greatest man of power in Wales. * # * * After this [1102] when the king was returned home, lorwerth took his brother Meredyth and sent him to the kings prison : for his brother Cadogan agreed with him to whome lorwerth gave Caerdhydh and a piece of Powys. I hen lorwerth himselfe went to the kings court, to put the king in remembrance of his promise : but the king when he saw all quiet, forgate the service of lorwerth, and his own promise, and contrarie to the same took Dyuet from lorwerth, and gave it to a knight caUed Saer ; and Stratdtywy, Cydewen and Gwyr he gave to Howel ap Grono ; and so lorwerth was sent home emptie. * * * * In the end of this year the king did send diuerse of his counceU to Shrewesberie, aud wUled lorwerth ap Blethyn to come to meete them there to consult about the kings busines and affaires. Now when he came thither, aU the consultation was agaiust him, who contrarie to aU right aud equitie, they condemned of treason, because the king feared his strength, and that he would reuenge the wrongs that he had received at the king's hands, and so they committed him to prison. * * * * Then [1109] also the king remembered lorwerth ap Blethyn, whom he had kept long in prison, and sent, to know of him, what fine he would paie to haue his Ubertie ; and he promised the Mng 300 pound, or the worth thereof in catteU or horses : then the king set him at Ubertie, and gave him his land againe. * * * * [1110.] And shortlie after Madoc ap Eiryd returned from Ireland, because he could not weU awaie with the maners and conditions of the Irishmen, and being arriued came to the countrie of his vncle lorwerth, who hearing that, and fearing to lose his lands (as his brother Cadogan had done) made proclamation that no man should doo for him, but take him for his enemie. Which when Madoc understood, he gathered to him a number, of unthrifts and out lawes, and kept himself in the rockes and woods, deuising aU the means he could to be revenged upon lorwerth, for that vnkindness and discourtesie as he tooke it, and so entred friendship priuily with Lhywarch ap Trahaem, who hated lorwerth to the death. Then iaving knowledge that lorwerth laie one night at Caereneon, they two gathered aU their strength, and came about the house at midnight, then lorwerth and his men awoke, and defended the house manf uUie, untU their foes set the same on fire : which when lorwerths men saw, every one shifted for . hiinselfe so that some scaped through the fire, and the rest were either bumt or slaine, or both. Then lorwerth himselfe seeing uo remedie, adventured rather to be slaine than bumed and came out; but his enemies receiued him vpon sharpe speares, and overthrew him in the fire, and so he died a orueU death." — (Powel). 137 JAMES, JOHN, a brave soldier, at one time Colour-sergeant in the 50th Eegiment of Foot, was bom at Buttington Green, Welshpool, in 1774. He enlisted in the Montgomeryshire MUitia in 1 798, volunteered into the 63rd Eegiment of the line in 1799, and went to Holland with the Duke of York, where he was wounded in the left leg. He volunteered into the 50th in 1801, to go to Egypt with Sir Ealph Abercrombie ; in 1807 went to Copenhagen to take the Danish Fleet, came home and was equipped to go to Spain ; was at the battle of Corunna, and present at the death of Sir John Moore ; was through the whole of the Peninsular War, and wounded on July 25th, 1813, at Mayo, in the Pyrenees, through both thighs, and was sent to the hospital at Vittoria to be discharged, when he was sent to England. Total years' service, 14; pension, Is. 10d. per day. The following character was given to him by Sir Charles Napier, Lieut.-Col. 60th .- — " Sergeant James is a good and brave soldier, "- and has always received a high character from the officers " under whom he has served. He stood by his captain when " every other had left him or been killed ; nor did he forsake " that gallant and lamented officer tUl ordered to save himself " by his captain, who expired as he spoke." Lieut.-Col. C. Hill, 50th Eegiment, also recommended him for a pension as " A " brave, well-conducted soldier." He wore a medal with two clasps, on which were inserted the following battles : — " Toulouse, Pyrenees, Vittoria, Fuentes-d-Onor, Talavera, Vimiera." His wife, who died about a dozen years before him, was with him through the whole of the Peninsular War. She was a brave woman, and at Mayo, where he was last wounded, she found him lying on the field of battle, had his wounds roughly dressed, lifted him on a mule herself, and held him there for some miles tiU they overtook the army, when he was properly attended to. After his return to England, Sergt. Jaines became lock-keeper on the Shropshire Union Canal at Pool Quay, which berth he held till about ten years before his death, when the Company granted him a pension, and he went to reside at Cefn Buttington, where he lived tiU his death. After his retirement from the Army, Sergeant James suffered great pains from the wounds in his thighs, and also from asthma notwithstanding which he attained the great age of more than 100 years. He died May 25th, 1875, and was buried at Welshpool. JENKINS, Eev. JOHN, M.A., of Kerry, was the second son of Mr. Griffith Jenkins, of Cilbronau, in the parish of Llangoed- mor, Cardiganshire, and was born April 8th, 1770. He received his early education at a neighbouring school and at the Academy at Carmarthen. Tn 1789 he was admitted a member of Jesus College, Oxford, from which after a time he removed to Merton College. After the usual lapse of time he took his B.A. degree, and the same year (1791) was ordained deacon, and became curate to his uncle Dr. Lewis, rector of Whippingham, Isle of Wight. He officiated there over six years, but in 1799 138 became chaplain on board the Agincourt man-of-war on the the West Indies station. The fleet on that station was under the command of Admiral the Hon. William Waldegrave, who was the same year, for his distinguished services in the great naval battles of St. Vincent and others, raised to the peerage under the title of Lord Eadstock. In March, 1802, Mr. Jenkins was transferred from the Agincourt to the Theseus, which with other ships was occupied in watching the Island of Jamaica. Here he remained until July, 1804. In that year the blacks of St. Domingo rose in insurrection, took possession of the island and massacred a large number of the white inhabitants at Cape Francis. The third day after the massacre, Mr. Jenkins with Lieut. Muddle ventured on a mission to De-Salines, the leader of the insurrection, with the object of interceding for, and pre venting the massacre of, the remaining whites in other parts of the island. , The two arrived at the residence of the President, and were led into a dark room, where they were kept for many hours in suspense as to the safety of their own lives. At last they were liberated without gaining their object, and with some difficulty regained their ship in an open boat upon a dark and stormy night. The information they had obtained, however, enabled the fleet to save the lives of about a thousand of the white population of Monte Christi, who were conveyed in safety to Cuba. Fearlessness was, indeed, throughout life one of Mr. Jenkins' chief characteristics. The insalubrity of the climate, however, soon told upon his health, and in September, 1804, he was obliged to return on board the Bellerophon to his native country. When his health was sufficiently restored he in the following summer undertook clerical duties at Manor Teivi in Pembrokeshire. Having during his naval chaplaincy gained the warm estimation of the Admiral, Lord Eadstock, the latter obtained for him the appointment of a chaplain to H.E.H. the Duke of Clarence, afterwards King William IV., and he now used his influence with Dr. Burgess, bishop of St. David's, to obtain promotion for him, in which he succeeded, for the bishop soon conferred upon him the valuable living of Kerry in Mont gomeryshire. Mr. Jenkins took up his residence at Kerry in 1807, and there spent the remaining 22 years of his life. Having found the Vicarage and other buildings in a ruinous state, he in a short time rebuUt them at considerable expense. He soon formed an acquaintance with several gentlernen in the neighbourhood of literary tastes including the Eevs. Walter Davies, David Eichards, David Eowland, and others, who frequently met at his house in social converse on topics relating to Wales, its literature, and poetry. Dr. Burgess was present on one of these occasions in August, 1818, and his interest in such matters was greatly awakened. The result was that it was determined if possible to revive the ancient Eisteddfodau on a worthier scale than they had lately been held, and arrangements were made for holding the first of a new series of such national gatherings in July, 1819, at Carmarthen, under the 139 presidency of Lord Dynevor. Others were held annually for sonie years afterwards in various parts of Wales— of most of which Mr. Jenkins was the heart and soul. He, however, gradually became so disgusted with the Anglicising tendencies of sonie persons _ connected with the movement, and the neglect of native talent in favor of the importation of singers and musicians from England, that he did not attend the great eisteddfod held at Denbigh in 1829. The first week of every new year was observed by him as a kind of bardic festival, during which time his house and table were open to all-bards and minstrels. On April 8, 1823, he married Miss Elizabeth Jones, second daughter of the Eev. Edward Jones, vicar of Berriew, and niece and heiress of Edward Heyward, Esq., of Crosswood, GuUsfield,— a lady of kindred tastes with his own. The only issue of this marriage was one son, John Heyward Jenkins (who has since exchanged the name of Jenkins for Heyward), born April 4th, 1824. Mr. Jenkins was a frequent contributor on antiquarian and other subjects to the Cambrian Quarterly Magazine, and under the name of Hooker to the Gwyliedydd. Oue or two sermons and some poetry of his were also published. He was also an accomplished musician and contributed not a Uttle to rescue some of the old Welsh tunes from oblivion. Besides the Vicarage of Kerry, he held the Eural Deanery of Maelienydd, the prebend of Mochdre in the collegiate church of Brecon, and latterly a prebendal stall in the Cathedral of York. There is a touch of romance in connection with his promotion to the latter dignity. While he was on board the '/ heseus on the West India station a young man named Vernon, a son of the Bishop of Lichfield, who served in the same ship as midshipman, was struck down by yellow fever. His bed being in a close ill- ventilated part of the ship, Mr. Jenkins thought that unless he could be removed to a healthier part his death would be certain. He therefore interceded with the captain, but, failing in his attempt, he resolved to give up his own bed to the patient, whom he afterwards tended with affectionate care. The young man to his great joy recovered, -and subsequently forsook the navy and entered the church. Mr. Jenkins had almost forgotten this incident, when in 1828 he received a letter from his old friend, Mr. Vemon, informing him that there was a prebendal stall in the Cathedral of York worth ^6600 a year in the gift of his father (then Archbishop of York) at his service. Mr. Jenkins went to Oxford and took his degree of Master of Arts to qualify him to hold his new office, which, however, he was destined to occupy but a short time. The tropical cUmate of the West Indies had doubtless seriously injured his constitution. He was taken ill on the 2nd November, 1829, and on the twentieth of the same month, he died. Tn 1830 a marble tablet to his memory was placed in the church of his native parish, Llangoedmor, Cardiganshire, and subsequently another was placed over his tomb in the chancel of Kerry church with the following inscrip tion : — " Sacred to the memory of the Eev. John Jenkins, M.A., 140 " Prebendary in the diofeses of York and St. David's, chaplain " to His Eoyal Highness, the Duke of Clarence, and twenty-two " years vicar of this parish ; who in every relation of life, whether " clergyman, magistrate, son, husband, father, brother, friend, " was most exemplary. He departed this Ufe November 20th, " 1829, aged fifty-nine years, leaving a mournful widow, an " infant son, and a numerous circle of relations and friends, to " lament his loss." JOHNES, AETHUE JAMES, Judge of County Courts, was the son of Edward Johnes, Esq., M.D., of Garthmyl isaf, Berriew, by Mary, daughter of Thomas Davies, Esq., of LUfior. He was born on the 4th of February, 1809, and at an early age was sent to Oswestry Grammar School, of which Dr. Donne was then Master. Thence he proceeded to the London Univer sity, where he had the advantage of studying law under Pro fessor Andrew Amos, and in 1829 won the chief honours in the law examination — gaining the first prize for law ever given by the University. The writings of Bentham exercised a great influence on his mind, in particular the views of that great writer as to the fusion of law and equity. In 1834, while yet a student, Mr. Johnes published a pamphlet entitled Suggestions for a Reform of the Court of Chancery by a union »/ the Jurisdiction of Equity and Law. This work, which at once attracted much attention, he modestly inscribed to his old tutor and friend. Professor Amos. Possibly the merit and honour of originating the idea of the fusion of law and equity cannot be claimed for Mr. Johnes, but must be ascribed to Bentham, or perhaps, indeed, to Lord Mansfield. It, however, lay dormant, but Mr. Johnes saw that it waa rational and must eventually prevail at a time when the Sugdens and Lyndhursts looked upon it as a revolutionary folly. He, therefore, took it up, and by his pam phlet he in reaUty started that agitation, which brought about the important changes effected in 1875 by the Judi cature Acts. On the 30th January, 1836, Mr. Johnes was called to the bar by the Honourable Society of Lincoln's Inn, adopting the practice of equity and conveyancing as his special pursuit. In 1847 he was appointed a Joint Commissioner to report on several Bills relating to certain Gas Companies in various towns in England. Mr. Johnes wrote much in favour of providing a more easy method for the recovery of small debts, by reforming and conferring additional jurisdiclion upon the County Courts. This much-needed reform was brought about by the passing of the Act of 9 and 10 Vict., cap. 95, which came into operation on the 16th March, 1847. Mr. Johnes was appointed one of the first Judges under the Act — his Circuit extending at one time from Holyhead to Hay, and comprising the whole of North- West Wales and a part of South Wales. This office he con tinued to hold until within a few months of his death, but during his tenure of it several changes were made in the area of his Circuit. It is not too much to say that few men ever 141 devoted themselves with greater earnestness and singleiiess of purpose than did Mr. Johnes to the conscientious discharge of his duties. The wide extent of his circuit necessitated incessant toil in travelling in all sorts of weather, for except during the last 9 years of his judicial life railways were unknown throughout the whole of his district. He was not satisfied, however, with the mere discharge of the duties of his judicial office, but laboured constantly to bring about such further reforms in County Court procedure as his experience taught him were necessary. To this end he kept up for many years a correspondence with Lord Brougham and other law reformers, and published numerous pamphlets on the subject. As a Judge, Mr. Johnes was, it need hardly be said, upright, thoroughly impartial and conscientious, and his decisions were universally respected. Very few, if any, were ever reversed or even appealed against. After 23 years of judicial life he, in consequence of ill-health, retired in December, 1870, upon a well-earned pension of ^1,000 a year, having the satisfaction of seeing the County Court system greatly developed and improved by the adoption of most of his own suggestions. Early in life Mr. Johnes imbibed a taste for Welsh literature, and often associated with that energetic band of Welsh clergy men, who then lived in the immediate neighbourhood of his home — the Eevs. Walter Davies, J. Jenkins, of Kerry, T. Eichards, of Berriew, and others. Under their inspiration he determined to leam Welsh, and very soon acquired a critical knowledge of the language. Tn 1834 he pubUshed an elegant translation into English of the Poems of Dafydd ab Gwilym, He was also one of the promoters of the Cambrian Quarterly Magazine (-1829-1833), and contributed several articles to its pages, chiefly under the signature " Maelog." During the first 30 years of the present century the Church of England was nowhere in so deplorable a condition as in Wales. Pluralism, nepotism, and absenteeism were rampant ; many of the best livings, and those entirely Welsh-speaking parishes, were held by clergymen utterly ignorant of the Welsh language, while the incumbents of others were men of grossly immoral character. As a natural consequence, the parish churches were well nigh deserted, and the Welsh became a nation of Dissenters. Under these circum stances, the Cymmrodorion Society offered in 1831 the Eoyal medal for an Essay on the Causes which in Wales have produced Dissent from ihe Established Church, whieh Mr. Johnes gained under the nom de plume oi ( aractacus. Of this essay the adjudicator (Dr. Owen Pughe) spoke in the following terms : — " No. 2, " signed Caractacus, is an elaborate and valuable treatise and "explains the real ground of dissent in a most satisfactory " manner, bringing forward proofs to awaken conviction, and " made interesting by pertinent remarks upon the history of the " Welsh church. It would be highly desirable that this Essay " should be printed by the Cymmrodorion under the sanction of " its author." In accordance with this recommendation, the Essay was soon afterwards published at the expense of the 142 Society. In the following year, 1832, a second edition was pub lished with copious historical and statistical details, which, not withstanding various attempts made through the press to impugn their correctness, were eventually accepted by unpreju diced men, whether Churchmen or Dissenters, as accurate and truthful. In 1870 Mr. Pryse, of Llanidloes, brought Out a third edition. Happily, most of the abuses exposed and con demned by the writer are things of the past ; but this reform was brought about in no small degree by the force of public opinion created by the publication of Mr. Johnes's essay. Some of the parties who benefitted by the abuses dragged into light by Mr. Johnes, winced under the exposure, and violently attacked him in the press. Mr. Johnes addressed an able letter to Lord John EusseU on the state of the Welsh Church, and the subject was debated in Parliament. In 1837 .«ome of the Correspondence on the subject of the Church in Wales, with reference to " A Letter "from A. J, Johnes, Esq., to Lord John RusseU " was pub lished in a pamphlet. By an Order in Council published in the London Gazelle, October, 1838, the sees of St. Asaph and Bangor were to be united on the next vacancy in either, and the Bishop of Manchester was then to be created without any addition to the spiritual peers.' of the realm. This measure encountered very strenuous opposition on the part of the Earl of Powis and others. A deputation of members connected with the Principality (Mr. Johnes acting as their Secretary) waited upon Lord, John Eussell at the Home Office, who undertook to investigate the subject with a view to the preservation of the revenues of the Church in Wales. The order was subsequently annulled by Act of Parliament. Mr. Johnes, for the informa tion of his Lordship, published Statistical iUustrations of the Claims of the Welsh Dioceses to augmentation out of the Funds at the disposal of the Ecclesiastical Commissioners, i,i a Letter to Lord John Eussell, 1841. Mr. Johnes was a member of the Genealogical Society, the Powysland Club, and several other literary societies, fie at all tiraes took a particular interest in ethnological and philological researches, and was himself a diligent and painstaking student. Tn 1846 he published Philological Proofs of the original unity and recent origin of the human race (Svo.) — an important work, displaying a great amount of research and labour. Tn 1 862 Mr. Johnes offered for competition at the Swansea Eisteddfod a Prize of Fifty Guineas for " the best Essay on the origin of the English nation, more " especially with reference to the question how far they are " descended from the Ancient Britons." This was eventuaUy won by the late Dr. Nicholas, who afterwards published his essay under the title of The Pedigree of the English people. The uprising of the oppressed nationalities of Europe in 1 848-9 aroused much sympathy among Uberty-loving EngUshmen ; in particular the struggles of the fiungarian patriots for the emanci pation of their country from the Austrian yoke. When, after a gaUant but futile struggle, Kossuth and others sought and 143 found an asylum in England, the utmost enthusiasm was evoked on their behalf throughout the length and breadth of the land. A national subscription was got up for the Italian refugees, and Mr. Johnes issued a stirring Address to the Inhabitants of Wales on their behalf. In the same year the Papal Bull for the establishment of a CathoUc hierarchy in Great Britain greatly exercised the public mind. Mr. Johnes, in December, addressed an able Letter to the Rev, Lewis Edwards, M.A,, on the Mutual Claims and Duties of Protestants and Roman Catholics at the present juncture. The want of railway com munication had long been severely felt in Montgomeryshire and Central Wales. At length a band of local gentlemen, among whom Mr. Johnes was one of the most active, succeeded in obtaining in 1855 an Act for making a railway from Oswestry to Newtown, and the following year one for making a line from Shrewsbury to Welshpool. Mr. Johnes was one of the first directors, and his advice and services in the early history of these undertakings were of very great value. The cause of temperance also found in him a very warm advocate. He took great pains to gather a large mass of valuable information and facts, which he made use of in evidence given by him as a witness before a committee on the subject appointed by Convo cation. He also kept up for years a correspondence with other leading temperance reformers, and wrote frequently in the news papers with a view to bring about reforms in the licensing system, and in particular the restriction of the sale of intoxi cating Uquors on the Lord's Day. Some of these reforms he had the satisfaction of seeing carried out in his own day ; others have since been adopted. It may be said, indeed, that what ever movement was set on foot for promoting a social or moral reform of any kind, especically if it related more particularly to Wales, it was sure to find in Mr. Johnes a warm friend, and an able and untiring advocate. In private life Mr. Johnes was one of the most amiable, kind, and charitable of men, ever ready to give a helping hand to struggling merit. For many years his health had been precarious, and during last nine or ten months of his life he suffered much. He died unmarried at Garthmyl on the 23rd of July, 1871, and was buried at the parish Church of Berriew. JONES, Sie CHAELES THOMAS, Knt., was the third son of Charles Thomas Jones, Esq., of Fronfraith, near Aber- mule. He was bom in the year 1778, and married in 1817 the daughter of Gilbert Saltoun, Esq., collector of customs at Bermuda, by whom he had several children. He entered the navy in May, 1791, and was present in the action of 1st June, 1794 ; also in that of 23rd June, 1795, when he was wounded. He was knighted by the Duke of Eichmond when Lord Lieutenant of Ireland in 1809, in recognition of his public services. He was a magistrate and deputy-lieutenant of Montgomeryshire, and served the office of sheriff in 1832. He became a retired rear admiral in 1861. 144 JONES, DAVID, (of Llansantffraid), was born at Llan fyllin, December 2nd, 1797, and was the youngest of thirteen children of Mr. Eobert Jones, a respectable tradesman. In November, 1817, he married Miss Elizabeth Griffiths, of Llan santffraid, and in May, ) 819, removed to that place, where he carried on business as a shopkeeper until his death. In 1827, mainly through his exertions, a chapel was built in the village by the Independents, with whom Mr. Jones was an active member. He at this time carried on also an extensif^e business as maltster ; but about the year 1836, when the teetotal move ment first began in Montgomeryshire, Mr. Jones became one of its earliest and most zealous adherents and advocates ; and not only so, but at a considerable pecuniary sacrifice he gave up the malting business, and converted his malthouse into a temperance house. He travelled, spoke, and wrote much during the rest of his life on behalf of total abstinence. He was also an eamest promoter of Sunday Schools and other religious movements, and, for the last ten years of his life, an acceptable lay preacher with the Ipdependents. He died August 6th, 1848, in his 61st year, and was buried in accordance with his own wishes, under the communion table at the Independent Chapel, Llansantffraid. He left a widow and five children. He was the author of a tract in English, entitled A Teetotaler's Defence. Shortly after his death a memoir of Mr. Jones was pubUshed by the Eev. Hugh James. JONES, Eev. EDWAED, M.A., rector of Llanmerewig, from 1635 to 1643, translated into Welsh the Churchman's Companion in the Visitation of the Sick, of which editions appeared in 1699, 1700, and 1738. He had previously held the vicarage of Nantglyn for some time, but had been ejected. JONES, Eight Eev. EDWAED, D.D., bishop of St. Asaph, was born at Llwyn Eirid, in the parish of Forden. He was the son of Eichard Jones, Esq., by Sarah, his wife (daughter of John Pyttes, Esq., of Marrington), and was baptised 24th July, 1641. He was educated at Westminster School, whence he was elected to Trinity CoUege, Cambridge, where he was elected Fellow in 1667. He obtained a doctor's degree, became Master of the KUkenny College, and Dean of LIsmore in Ireland, and in 1682 was raised to the bishopric of Cloyne, from which, on 13th December, 1692, he was translated to St. Asaph. His promotion is said to have been entirely owing to his being a native of the country, and thereby quaUfied to be made a plausible competitor, in order to defeat the claims of a person in nomination of the same country, and of great learning, integrity, and experience. But this worthy person had given offence by appearing in the Convocation of 1689 against the measures of Dr. Tennison, then Archdeacon of London, and afterwards Archbishop of Canterbury. The contrast between his and his eminent prede cessor's (Bishop Lloyd) administration of his diocese was sad and painful in the extreme. That of Bishop Jones was marked 145 by so much corruption, negUgence, and oppression, that in 1697 an address, signed by thirty-eight of the principal beneficed clergy, was sent to the Archbishop, representing their com plaints under no less than thirty-four heads, and praying for an inquiry. These charges the Bishop was summoned to answer on the 20th July, 1698. By his own confession he had been guilty of gross neglect of ecclesiastical discipline, not only in not punishing a ease of known drunkenness, but even in promoting to a canonry one who had been accused to him of crimes and excesses ; he had permitted laymen to perform the office of curates at Abergele and Llandrilio ; he had been guilty of .a simoniacal contract in the disposal of some of his preferm(mts, and had allowed his wife to receive money, by way of earnest, for certain promotions. . Besides which, he had been .in the habit of appropriating to himself a year's profits of vacant livings, on the plea of carrying on the lawsuit for the recovery of the advowson of Llanuwchllyn — a plea never put into prac tice. After much delay the Archbishop's sentence was pro nounced in June, 1701. It was that the Bishop be suspended from his episcopal office, administration, and emoluments for the space of six months, " et ultra donee satisfecerit." He died May 10th, 1703, at Westminster, and was buried in the parish church of St. Margaret's. He had been married to Elizabeth, eldest daughter of Sir Eichard Kennedy, Bart., of Mount Kennedy, Wicklow, by whom he had several children. One of his grand sons, Eichard Jones, was mayor of Shrewsbury in 1753. JONES, EDWAED {Hebog), a skilful poet and musician, was born at Penygarnedd, near Llanfyllin, about the year 1825. He competed atthe Tremadoc Eisteddfod in 1851 for the prize offered for an Anthem on Habaccuc's Prayer ; and at Llangollen Eisteddfod in 1858 for Cywydd ar y Gweddnewidiad (Ode on the Transfiguration). Tn 1860 he pubUshed a long Awdl of about 7,000 lines on David, King of Israel. He also was a frequent contributor to the Welsh Wesleyan magazines. He died on the 8th December, 1 868, at LlanfyUin, where he had for some years carried on the business of a draper, and was buried at Llan rhaiadr. JONES, HUGH, of Maesglasau, in the parish of MaUwyd, was born in that parish in the year 1749. He was one of a family of 9 children, he being the fifth. In his chUdhood and youth he and his brothers and sisters had to walk four miles each way daily to school at Mallwyd and home again. How ever, by making the best use of all the means at his disposal, he acquired so fair an amount of useful knowledge, that he came to be considered among his neighbours an excellent scholar. He deUghted in music, and among his closest friends there was one John Williams, of Dolgelley, also a good musician, whom he frequently visited, and on those occasions the two friends would frequently sing together all through the night, utterly oblivious of the flight of the small hours. He also taught psalmody in many of the surrounding villages, and wrote several Psalm- 146 tunes and interludes which obtained popularity, in his own neighbourhood. When he was about 23 years of age he wrote his first book — Cydymaith yr Hwsmon (The Husbandman's Companion), consisting of meditations on the seasons and on other occasions, with songs and Englynion to relieve the monotony of the work. This was published in 1774, under his own superintendence in London, whither he had gone and obtained a situation as usher in a school, with the object of perfecting his acquaintance with various branches of knowledge. After a residence in London of about two years he leturned to his native place, bringing with him for sale the printed copies of his book — a work remarkable for its pure idiomatic Welsh, as well as for the excellence of its contents. His first Uterary venture proving successful, Mr. Jones decided on devoting his life thenceforth to literary labour for the benefit of his country men. He was the author or translator of the following works : Gardd y Caniadau (The Garden of Songs, 1776), Myfyrdod ar Ddamhegion a Gwyrthidu ein Harglwydd lesu Grist (A medita tion ou the parables and miracles of our Lord Jesus Christ, 1777); a Welsh work on Arithmetic: Cysuron Dwyfol; neu Addewidion gwerthfawr er anogaeth i gredinwyr (Dirine Conso lations or precious promises for the encouragement of believers, 1781), Ateb i bob un a ofyno reswm am y gobaith sydd ynom mewn ffordd o Holiad ac Ateb, gan Joseph Humphreys (An answer to everyone who may ask for a reason for the hope that is in us, by way of question and answer, 1781), Gair yn ei Amser, neu Lythyr-anerch i'r cyffredin Gymry, &c, (A word in season, or an address to the common Welsh people, 1782), Hanes Daeargryn ofnadwy a ddigwyddodd yn Itali ac a barhaodd lawer 0 ddyddiau yn mis Chwefror diweddaf, &c. (An account of a terrible earthquake that took place in Italy, aud lasted for several days in February last, f him. His ambitious and Utopian scheme for " the reconstriidfion^Qf society " had proved a failure, and gradually his existence was almost forgotten by the world outside the rather small circle of co-operators or Socialists, as they came to be called, who still looked to him as their prophet, and from time to time assembled to do him honour 226 He never took much interest in any political reforms. He crossed the Atlantic several times, and was still busy as ever with tongue and pen, but the leading newspapers took no note of his proceedings and his publications were not to be seen on the counters of respectable booksellers or newsvendors. Lord Melbourne, however, presented him at Court in 1840, — a proceed ing which drew forth from the redoubtable Bishop of Exeter (Dr. Philpotts) one of his bitterest philippics. During this period Mr. Owen also published a work called The Book of the New Moral World, containing the Ratinrtal System of Society, with a dedication to King WiUiam IV. About the year 1853 he became a convert to spiritualism — a defection upon which his disciples looked with shame and confusion. Por forty years and more he had denounced Christianity and all the other religions of the world, as unfounded and mischievous ; had dissuaded men from spending their time and efforts in preparing for the next life ; had declared it absurd to offer God services which could not possibly benefit Him ; had even doubted the existence of a personal divinity ; had denied the Bible and classed Jesus of Nazareth with Mother Lee and other impostors; — but now in the last years of his long life he, who had done all this, had become extremely credulous — a firra believer hi apparitions and spirit rapping. He asserted that he received frequent visits from the spirits of the Duke of Kent and others of his old friends — that he had been specially selected by them to reveal their secrets to a wretched world, to convince it of error, and to save it from that chaos into which it had fallen. In alleged obedience to an urgent recommendation from the spirit world he, in December, 1856, commenced to write an account of his ovm eventful life, of which two volumes were published in the author's lifetime, entitled, '/ he Life of Robert Owen, written by himself, with selections from his Writings and Correspondence, 2 vols. (London: Effingham Wilson, 1857). Of this work there is a copy in the Powysland Library at Welshpool, with the foUowing characteristic inscription in the autograph of the vener able author: — "Presented, to his Excellency the Saxon " Ambassador to Great Britain by the author, who has written '' these works with a view to open a new Book of Life to man and " a greatly superior existence to the human race. — Sevenoaks " Park, Sevenoaks, 20 April, 1858." The Museum also contains an engraved portrait of Mr. Owen. His last public appearance was at a meeting of the Social Science Congress in Liverpool in October, 1858. He was very feeble at this tirae and after the meeting was for a fortnight confined to his bed at the Victoria Hotel. He and his secretary (Mr. Eigby), however, paid a hurried incognito visit to Newtown, arriving one day and depart ing the next, not above one or two persons knowing who they were. They returned again in about a fortnight arriving at Newtown on the Sth November, and putting up at the Bear's Head Hotel 227 " And as an hare, whom hounds and horns pursue, Pants for the place from whence at first it flew," SO Mr,_ Owen this time came fully resolved to spend his few remaining days in his native town and to die there. This happened sooner than he or his friends anticipated. He died on the 17th of the same month (November, 1858) aged 87 years. By his own desire, his body was placed, awaiting burial, in the room where he was bom at Mr. David Thomas's, where hundreds of persons went to see it. The funeral took place in a few days, and was attended by twelve chief mourners, and twelve of the oldest men in the town, two of whom had been his schoolmates. Then came twelve little boys, aft^r whom came twelve tradesmen of the town, followed by any others who wished to join the pro cession — nearly the whole population of the town lining the streets to witness the funeral. He was buried in the old Church yard. The day of the funeral was one of the foggiest and darkest ever known at Newtown— a phenomenon considered by not a few to be one of ominous significance. Thus after a long Ufe of nearly 88 years spent mostly far from his birthplace, Eobert Owen was permitted to spend the last nine days of his eventful life, and to die within a few yards of where he was born, and to have his ashes mingled with those of his own kindred, in the old churchyard of his native town. Besides The New Views of Society and on the Formation of Character already referred to, first published in 18 L3, and which subsequently passed through several editions, Mr. Owen also published An address delivered to the Inhabitants of New Lanark on the 1st Jan,, 1819, at the opening of the Institution established for the Formation of Character (1819) ; A Letter to the Archbishop of Canterbury on the Union of Churches and Schools (1818) ; Observations on ihe Cotton Trade of Great Britain, and on ihe late Duties on ihe Importation of Cotton Wool (1803) ; Observations on the Cotton Trade (1815) ; A Bill for regulating the hours of work in Mills and Factories (1815) ; Observations on the effect of the Manufacturing System (1815) ; Letter to the Earl of Liverpool on ihe Employ ment of Children in Manufactories (1818) ; Letter to British Master Manufacturers, on the same subject (1818) ; Two Memorials on behalf of the Working Classes (1818) ,- Aw address to the Working Classes (1819) ; and several other tracts and addresses on these and kindred topics. By his wife, who pre deceased him many years, Mr. Owen had eight children. His eldest son, Eobert Dale Owen, at one time had a political appointment under the United States Government at one of the EuropeanCourts, and wrote Debateable Land between this world and the next: Twenty-seven years of Autobiography — threading my way ; and other works on Spiritualism and kindred subjects. Proposals have been made on several occasions by Eobert Owen's admirers to erect a monument to his memory at Newtown, but these have been coldly received by the inhabitants, whose religious sensibilities have been shocked by his outspoken scepticism. In 1861, a plain tombstone of blue flag was placed 228 over his own and his parents' graves, enclosed within a neat railing, with the following inscriptions : — " In memory of Eobert " Owen, the philanthropist. Born at Newtown, May l4th, "1771; died at Newto77n, November 17th, 1858. Erected by " public subscription, 1861, — Eobert Owen, father of the phUan- " thropist, died March 14, 1804. Aged 65 years. Anne Owen, "mother of the philanthropist, died July 13th, 1803. Aged 68 " years." Eobert Owen possessed, undoubtedly, rare abilities as an administrator ; and as a man, as a citizen, and as a thinker, it is but justice to say that he had many exceUencies. He was the founder of infant schools, and practically of co-operation in commercial undertakings, and some of his poUtical projects and schemes which inhis day were condemned as visionary, impractic able, and revolutionary, have been adopted. But as a theorist his views on religion were crude and pernicious and he was a most erratic, unsafe, and dangerous guide to those who took him for their leader on religious and moral questions. No one has ever doubted his utter unselfishness and honesty of purpose, the sincerity of his convictions, or the disinterestedness of his motives ; but his openly confessed infidelity destroyed his infiuence and baffled his schemes. But while he disbelieved and denounced all his life what the generality of his countrymen believed and held sacred, he, in his own person, offeied to the world another remarkable instance of a man rushing from one extreme to another— from openly avowed infidelity to that most absurd and infatuated of all superstitions— Spiritualism. OWEN, Capt. WILLIAM, E.N., was the fourth and youngest son of David Owen, of Cefnhavodau, Llangurig, by Frances, daughter of John Eogers, of Cefnyberain, Kerry. He entered the Eoyal Navy, in 1750, when very young, fie was present at the battle of Plaspej, June 23rd, 1757, and in the year 1760, while yet but a midshipman, greatly distinguished himself at the taking of Pondicherry from the Prench, losing his right arm in the action. He was a lieutenant in 1766, and about 1770 was promoted to the command of H.M.S. Cormorant, in which he again distinguished himself. Capt. Owen was bringing home despatches when he lost his life by an accident at Madras in 1778. He was the father of two distinguished naval officers— Admirals Sir Edward W C E. Owen and WUliam P. Owen. He kept a very full and interesting diary of his adventures by sea and land between 1760 and 1771, very full extracts from which have been published in the Montgomery shire Collections, and in Byegones. OWEN, Vice-Admieal WILLIAM FITZWILLIAM, was the younger son of the above-named Captain William Owen, aud was born at Manchester in 1773. Having been educated with his brother at Hanway School, Chelsea, where he attained the first rank, he entered the Eoyal Navy, in the Summer of 1788, on board the Culloden, 74 guns, commanded by his 229 relation. Sir Thomas Eich, and was present at the great battle of the ist June, 1794, Shortly afterwards he sailed in the Ruby (64) for the Cape of Good Hope, where he witnessed the capture of a Dutch squadron of three sail of the line and six frigates and sloops in Saldana Bay, in August, 1796. Eeturning to England after this exploit he joined the London (98), bearing the flag of Admiral Colpays, with whom he quitted that ship during the mutiny at Spithead in May, 1797. For his firmness on that trying occasion he was in the foUowing month promoted to the rank of lieutenant, and placed in command of the Flamer gunbrig. In this and other vessels he saw much active and harassing service till the close of the first Prench revolutionary war. At the comraencement of hostilities he was among the foremost to offer his services, and in July, 1803, he was appointed to the command of the Sea Flower, a brig of 14 guns. Very shortly afterwards he sailed for the East Indies, where he was employed upon various missions by the Commander-in- Chief. Tn 1806 he captured Le Charle, a French vessel, and by the exploration of several of the channels between the eastern islands, contributed greatly to the improvement of the charts. Towards the close of the same year he piloted Sir Edward Pellew's squadron through an intricate navigation into Batavia Eoads. fiere his bravery and skill were conspicuous in the command of a division of armed boats at a successful attack on a Dutch frigate, seven men-of-war brigs, and about twenty armed vessels, for which he was honourably mentioned in the Gazette, The following year he assisted in the capture and destruction of the Dutch dockyard, stores, and fleet at Griessik, in Java. In 1808 his ship, the Sea Flower, was captured by the French in the Bay of Bengal, and he himself taken prisoner, and carried to the Isle of Prance, where he was detained until June, 1810, when he was exchanged. Tn May, 1809, the rank of Commander was conferred upon Mr. Owen, and on his liberation and retum to India he assisted in organising the expedition against the Isle of France, which was taken in December, 1810. He subsequently commanded the Barracouta, and took part in the operations which led to the surrender to the British forces of Batavia . in August, 1811, having in May of the same year been advanced to post rank. After acting in command of the Piedmontaise for a short time, he was appointed Captain of the Cornelia, 32 guns, in which he sailed from Batavia Eoads in March, 1812, with a small squadron to take possession of the commissariat dep6t at the Eastern end of Sumatra. Having accomplished this, he retumed to England in charge of a valuable convoy from China in June, 1813. In addition to his other arduous serrices, Capt. Owen materiaUy assisted his friend, Captain Horsborough, in compiling his well- known Oriental Navigator, and employed his leisure time in cor recting charts, and translating from the Portuguese Franzoni's Sailing Directions. In March, 1815, he was appointed to the corvette Leven (24 guns), in which, accompanied by the Barra- 230 couta, he was for four years employed on the west and east coasts of Africa, and during that period rendered effective aid to General Turner in the Ashantee war. In February, 1827, he was commissioned to the Eden (26 guns), for the purpose of forming a settlement in the island of Fernando Po, and to com plete his surveys of that coast, which occupied him until the close of 1831. He then retired on half-pay, but continued his labours in correcting charts and improving the means of mari time surveying. He and his brother. Sir Edward Owen, haring on the death of their relative, the Eev. Darid Owen, become owners of the island of Campo Bello, in Passamaquoddy Bay, New Brunswick, and desiring to settle there. Sir Edward sur rendered to him his portion. Capt. Owen accordingly brought his wife and two daughters there, and for some time energetically occupied himself in the improvement of his estate. He repre sented the island in the fiouse of Assembly at Fredericton, where he exposed various abuses, and shewed himself to be a staunch reformer. Being still anxious to pursue his hydro- graphical labours, he was appointed to the Columbia, a fine steam vessel of 100-horse power, to survey the Bay of Pundy, and the coast of Nova Scotia. Tn December, 1847, he was pro moted to flag rank, and continued the rest of his life on half- pay. Vice-Admiral Owen had been for many years prior to his death an active Fellow of the Eoyal Astronomical Society. He was in conduct and bearing flrm of mind, shrewdly sensible and unostentatious, his manner sometimes bordering on the eccentric ; a man of steady resources and unremitting zeal ; and a fluent, though blunt, speaker. He died at St. John's, New Brunswick, on the 3rd of November, 1857, at the advanced age of 84 years. OWEN, WILLIAM, King's Counsel, of Glansevern, was the third son of Owen Owen, of Cefnhavodau, Llangurig, and was born in the year 1758. He was educated at the Free Grammar School, Warrington (then conducted by his uncle, the Eev. Edward Owen, M.A.), from which he proceeded to Trinity CoUege, Cambridge. In 1782 he took his degree of B.A., and was fifth wrangler. Among the merabers of his own college who graduated at the same time were Professors Person and Hailstone, Drs. Eaine and Wingfield. Mr. Owen and these four gentlemen were afterwards elected Fellows of Trinity College. He subsequently entered upon the study of the law, and was called to the Bar by the Honourable Society of Lincoln's Inn, of which eventually he becarae a bencher. For several years he traveUed the Oxford and Cheshire Circuits, but afterwards confined his practice chiefly to the Courts of Chancery and Exchequer. He was appointed Commissioner of Bankrupts and (7th August, 1818) a King's Counsel. About the year 1821 he reUnquished his practice, and retired into the country to reside upon his estate at Glansevern inherited from his brother. Sir Arthur Davies Owen, where he became a magistrate and 231 Deputy Lieutenant. During the rest of his life he took an active part in all the public business of the county, and gener ally presided as Chairman of Quarter Sessions. Mr. Owen was chiefly instrumental in abolishing the Great Sessions and the old system of Welsh judicature by the important eridence he gave on the subject before a Committee of the House of Commons in 1817 and 1820, and otherwise. He was a staunch Whig (or what would be now called a Liberal) in poUtics, and took a leading part in Montgomeryshire in the great reform agitation which preceded the passing of the Eeform Bill in 1832. The County of Montgomery was the first to petition in support of that Bill. He stoutly opposed the original proposal to give the representa tion of the Montgomery Boroughs to Llanfyllin alone, and it was in a great measure through his exertions that Newtown, Llanidloes, MachynUeth, and Welshpool were admitted to share the representation with LlanfyUin and Montgomery. In 1823 Mr. Owen married Anne Warburton, only child of Captain Sloughter, and relict of the Eev. Thomas Coupland, of the Priory, Chester, but there was no issue of the marriage. Mr. Owen died on the 10th of November, 1837, aged 79, and was buried in Berriew Church. A handsome marble monument was there erected to his meraory by his widow, testifying that " he left behind him a name without reproach." The following Grant of Aims was made 3rd April, 1838, to Mrs. Owen " to be " placed on any monument or otherwise to the memory of her " late husband, the said WiUiam Owen deceased " : — Sable a tilting spear erect or, the head proper imbued gules, between three scaling ladders argent, on a chief ermine a fort triple towered also proper ; and for a crest, on a wreath of the colours a wolf salient proper, supporting a scaling ladder as in the arms. Motto, Toraf cyn plygaf." (I wUl break before I bend.) OWEN, WILLIAM {Gwilym Ddu Glan Hafren), a talented schoolmaster, poet, preacher, and musician, was the son of Owen Williams, of Wern Dwn, Llangybi, Carnarvonshire, his mother being a descendant of the Eev. Edward Samuel, of Llangar, well known as a Welsh poet and translator. He was born about the year 1788. Having received what was then considered a good education, he for a few years kept school- in various parts of South Carnarvonshire, one of his pupils being Ebenezer Thomas, who afterwards becarae an eminent poet known as Eben Fardd, Before he was thirty he opened a school at Welshpool, to which young raen from all parts of the county flocked, for he was an excellent teacher. Some years afterwards he removed to Newtown, where he spent the remainder of his days, and where he died on the 8th October, 1838, aged 49 years. For many years he was an acceptable lay preacher with the Calvinistic Methodists, both at Welshpool and Newtown, but had ceased to be so for some time prior to his death. He was a very good poet, and many of his productions may be found in the "Welsh magazines of those days. He competed at the 232 Welshpool Eisteddfod of 1824 with his old pupU Eben Fardd for the prize offered for the best Awdl ar Ddinystr Jerusalem (Ode on the Destruction of Jerusalem), and the adjudicator, the Eev. Walter Davies, is said to have admitted that in some respects his Awdl was decidedly the best, but tbat unfortunately after "destroying" Jerusalem he proceeded to " re- build " it, which was outside the limits of the competition, and conse quently he had forfeited his claim to the prize. He was also one of the best musicians of his day in Wales. In 1828 he pubUshed 3' Caniedydd Crefyddol (The Sacred Songster), an elementary work on music dedicated to the Eev. John Jenkins, of Kerry. . He also published in Welsh a Memoir of Mr. John Bebb, jun,, a highly promising young medical student, of a well- known Welshpool family, whose Ufe was prematurely cut off. This little volume contained among others the foUowing beautiful Englyn, which shews what a gifted poet Mr. Owen was : — " Angau ddaw a bra-t/n ei bryd, — O ! gwyUa Ei golyn dychrynUyd ! Tro dy fyw, trwy dy fywyd. Fore a hwyr i farw o hyd," OWEN, WILLIAM, was the son of poor parents living at Meifod, his father, of the same name, being a plasterer. He was brovght up to the same trade, and up to the age of seven teen knew no Latin, but being an intelligent youth he attracted the notice of the Vicar (the Eev. Hugh Wynne Jones), who took him in hand. He first had him instructed by the Curate, and then sent him for two years to Bangor, under the charge of the Eev. Morris WiUiams {Ni^nder), He used to walk to and from Bangor, and during the vacation he gave lessons to John Evan Davies, the present Eector of Llangelynin, Merionethshire. He was next sent, through the generosity of Mr. Wynne-Jones, to Oswestry School, under the Eev. Dr. Donne, and from thence to Shrewsbury, under Dr. Kennedy, where he became Captain of the School, and was distinguished for the elegance of his scholarship, especially his Latin verses. From Shrewsbury he went to St. John's CoUege, Cambridge, of which he became a scholar. In 1848 he was St. John's Port Eoyal Latin Exhi bitioner ; in 1849 he won the Camden medal for a Latin heroic poem, and was promixe accessit for the Craven. In 1850 he gained the " Person "— the blue riband of the University. In those days it was necessary that in order to take honours in Classics honours should first be taken in Mathematics also, and as he hated Mathematics he only took a plain B.A. degree in 1851. But a career which had opened so briUiantly and so full of promise was soon afterwards clouded and ruined by the demon of intemperance, and the last years of his life were spent in Colney Hatch Asylum, where he died on the 26th of May, 1892, at the age of 68. He was buried on ihe 31st of the same month in the Great Northern Cemetery, London. 233 PALMEE, EOGEE, Earl of Castlemaine, was the eldest son of Jaraes Palmer, of Dorney, Bucks, of the ancient family of the Palmers of Sussex, by Katherine, daughter of William, first Lord Powis, and was born at Dorney, 3rd September, 1634, He spent his childhood chiefly with his mother in Montgomeryshire, owing to the civil war troubles, but returning home in 1647. he was the following year sent to Eton, and thence at Lady-day, 1662, to King's College, Cambridge. In 1656 he was admitted to the Inner Temple. On the 14th April, 1659, he married, andthe following year was elected to represent Windsor in Parliament. In 1661 he was created Earl of Castlemaine and Baron Limerick, and for some time travelled abroad. His wife became notorious as King Charles TI.'s mistress, and was by him created Duchess of Cleveland. Castlemaine himself is charged with having pur chased his title by his wife's dishonour and his own. On the 2nd November, 1679, Lord Castlemaine, who was a Eoman Catholic, was committed to the Tower, on the information of Titus Oates and his confederates, on a charge of haring been con cerned in the alleged Popish Plot. He was tried at the Old Bailey on the 23rd of May following, but was acquitted. In 1686 he was sent by King James IL, Ambassador to the Pope — ^the object being to try to reconcile this kingdom to the Church of Eome, and to demand a Cardinal's hat for Father Petre. He was well acquainted with Eome, and, for a layman, deeply versed in reUgious controversy. His salary was fixed at a hundred pounds a week, but the embassy was carried on in so costly a manner that Castlemaine declared that thrice that sum would hardly suffice, and that he was a loser by it. He was accom panied by several young gentlemen of the best Eoman CathoUc families in England, and was sumptuously lodged in a stately palace in Eome. He was early admitted to an interview with Pope Innocent, but the public audience was long delayed. Castlemaine's preparations for that great occasion were indeed on so large a scale that though commenced at Easter, 1686, they were not complete till the foUowing November, and then the Pope had, or pretended to have (for his feelings towards James and his ambassadors were anything but friendly), an attack of gout, which caused another postponement. The following is Macaulay's account of the public ceremony : — "In January; 1687, at length, tbe solemn introduction and homage were performed with unusual pomp. The state coaches which had been built at Eome for the pageant were so superb that they were thought worthy to be transmitted to posterity in fine engravings, and to be celebrated by poets in several languages. The front of the ambassador's palace was decorated on this great day with absurd allegorical paintings of gigantic size. There was Saint G-eorge with his foot on the neck of Titus Oates, and Hercules with his club crushing CoUege, the Protestant joiner, who in vain attempted to defend himself with his flail. After this pubUc appearauce Castlemaine invited all the persons of note then assembled at Bome to a banquet in that gay aud splendid gallery, which is adorned ¦vflth paintings of subjects from the .Eneid by Peter of Cortona. The whole city crowded to the show, and it was with difficulty that a company of Swiss guards could keep order among the spectators. The nobles of 234 the Pontifical state iu return gave costly entertainments to the ambassador ; and poets and wits were employed to lavish on him and on his master insipid and hyperbolical adulation such as flourishes most when genius and taste are in the deepest decay. Foremost among the flatterers was a crowned head. * * * Christiana, the daughter of the great Gustavus. * * She now composed some ItaUan . stanzas in honour of the EngUsh prince who, sprung Uke herself from a race of kings heretofore regarded as the champions of the Eeformation, had Uke herself been reconciled to the ancient church. A splendid assembly met in her palace. Her verses set to music were simg with universal applause, and one of her Uterary dependents pronounced an oration on the same subject in a style so. florid that it seems to have offended the taste of the EngUsh hearers. The Jesuits, hostile to the Pope, devoted to the interests of France, and disposed to pay every honour to James, received the English embassy with the utmost pomp in that princely house where the remains of Ignatius Loyola Ue enshrined in lazuUte and gold. Sculpture, painting, poetry, and elociuence were employed to compliment the strangers. * * * * In the midst of these festivities Castlemaine had to suffer cruel mortifications and humUiations. The Pope treated him with extreme coldness and reserve. As often as the ambassador pressed for an answer to the request which he had been instructed to make in favour of Petre, Innocent was taken with a violent flt of cough ing, which put an end to the conversation. The fame of these singular audiences spread over Eome. Pasquin was not sUent AU the curious and tattling population of the idlest of cities, the Jesuits and the prelates of the French faction only excepted, laughed at Castlemaine's discomfit ure. His temper, naturaUy unamiable, was soon exasperated to violence, and he circulated a memorial reflecting on the Pope. He had now put himself in the -wrong. The sagacious ItaUan had got the advantage, and took care to keep it. He positively declared that the rule which excluded Jesuits from ecclesiastical preferment should not be relaxed in favour of Father Petre. Castlemaine, much provoked, threatened to leave Eome. Innocent replied with a meek impertinence wliich was the more provoking because it could scarcely be distinguished from simpUcity, that his ExeeUency might go if he liked. ' But if we must lose him,' added the venerable Pontiff, ' I hope that he wiU take care of his health on the road. 'EngUsh people do not know how dangerous it is in this country to ¦ travel in the heat of the day. The best way is -to start before da-wn, and • to take some rest at noon.' With this salutary ad-vice and with a string of beads, the unfortunate ambassador was dismissed. In a few months appeared, both in the ItaUan and English tongue, a pompous history of the mission magnificently printed in folio and iUustrated with plates. The frontispiece, to the great scandal of all Protestants, represented Castlemaine in the robes of a Peer, with his coronet in his hand, kissing the toe of Innocent." On his return he wa^ sworn a member of the Privy Council. After King WiUiam' s accession he was arraigned before the House of Commons in 1689 " for high treason in going as an " ambassador to Eome," He made a long speech in his own defence, and to account for his not surrendering sooner he explained that as soon as the King (James II.) first left White haU he " thought it decency to go out of town, and therefore three days after I took coach for Montgomeryshire where of late I used to reside in the summer time. On the borders of that coimty, at a smaU Corporation called Oswestree, I was stopped by the rabble, and afterwards detained by a strong guard at my inn by the Mayor, though nobody he confessed made any oath against me, and though he had no orders as he said from London for it ; nay after a month's restraint he denied me my Uberty 236 upon bail notwithstanding two neighbouring la-wyers, whom I sent for, assured him he could not justify the refusal by law. * * * After a confinement of seven weeks, I was sent for up and brought hither by a party of horse." The trial resulted in his discharge. After this he led a retired life, part of which was spent at the Hall, LlanfylUn, the residence of the Prices "the Papists." By his will dated 30th November, 1696, he expressed his desire " as to the place of my buriaU, if I " die in Wales, 1 may be buried in ye parish churche of Pole, " near my unkle Powis and others of my mother's family." He died at Oswestry, July 21st, 1706, in the 71st year of his age, and was buried in Pool " chapel " amongst his mother's relations. His portrait is at Powis Castle. PAEEY, HAEEI, an eccentric bard, was born at Craigygath, near Dolanog, Llanfihangel, in 1709. Few of his compositions have been printed. Sion Prys's Almanack for 1744 gives an account of an Eisteddfod at Llansaintffraid Glyn Ceiriog, the proceedings being opened by Parry -with the following Englyn : — - Eisteddwch, ceisiwch ein c^n — ^Uu clauar. Lie clywir ymddiddan ; Gosodiad fel gwe' sidan Cu rwym glos — y Cymry glin. He greatly disliked the Methodists and all Dissenters. In W. Howel of Llanidloes's Almanac for 1774, there are 19 Stanzas by him under the title Ceryddiad difrifol i'r Methodistiaid, &c. (A Serious Eeproof to the Methodists, &c.) As for himself, he said — Nid a Harri Parri per — i wrando Ar Eoundhead na Chwacer ; ^ Y dynion sydd dan y ser, Yn peidio dweyd eu pader. He was of diminutive stature, and was a sawyer by occupation. The celebrated Walter Davies finding him in his old age at this laborious work, thus addressed hira : — Teithiais anturiais at Harri,— mi wela' Wr penlas yn poeni ; O resyn, ar ol hir oesi, Wel'd hen wr Uwyd yn tynu'n y Ui'. To which he replied : — Walter heb gymhar, fel Gamer, — Dafls Lla-wn djrfais a doethder ; Ehaid i Harri Parri pSr Capio Ue byddo'r o-wper. During the last 30 years of his life he was in the habit of going about the country clera, that is to say, singing and vending songs, carols, and other poetical effusions of his own. In April each year he began to sing his May Carol recounting the events of the past twelvemonth. He died at LlanfyUin, and was buried at Llanfihangel. At the time of his death he was nearly 90 years of age. 236 PAEEY, EOBEET, a poet of considerable merit, was the son of a clergyman of the same name, and was bom near Machyn lleth. During his childhood he removed with his parents into Denbighshire, his father having been promoted in 1810 to the Vicarage of Eglwysfaeh, in that county. He received a university education, being intended for the church, but preferring the life of a farmer, he relinquished the idea of taking Orders, and passed the greater part of his life as a respectable farmer at Plas Efenechtyd and Plas Towerbridge, near Euthin. He died at the latter place in 1863, and was buried at Eglwysfaeh. His poem on Belshazzar's 2^'easi, the Chair subject at the Denbigh Eistedd- .fod of 1828, was aljudged to be second best. It is printed in The Gwyneddion, being an Account of that Eisteddfod, and many of his compositions may be found in the Welsh magazines of those days. PAEEY, THOMAS, the third son of Edward Parry, of Leighton, near Welshpool, and Anne his wife, was bom in the year 1768. At the age of 21 he went to Madras, in the East Indies, and for about four years held Govemment appointments, being at one time private secretary to the Governor, General Meadows. In 1792 he embarked upon the business of a mer chant in the shipping of produce from Madras to this country, and founded the eminent mercantile firm of Parry and Co., which remains to this day. His active interest in the affairs of the native princes rendered him obnoxious tc the authorities at the fort, and for a time he was banished from Madras. He is said to have been an accomplished man of unblemished character, who might have amassed an enormous fortune had he been unscrupulous in the mode of making wealth ; as it was, it would appear from his will (of which a copy was published in Mont, Coll, XIX,, p. 247) that he died a rich man. In the month of February, 1824 (being only six months before his death) the native inhabitants of Madras -presented him with a gold cup, accompanied by an address expressing their warmest gratitude for the interest he had taken in the welfare of the natives during a protracted career in India of 36 years. While travelling between Porto Novo and Cuddalore he was attacked by cholera, and died on the 14th August, 1824, aged 66 years. He was buried at Cuddalore. At Madras a handsome monu ment by Chantry, with a finely .executed figure of a Hindoo, was , erected to his memory in St. George's Cathedral. PICKMEEE, JOHN EICHAED, was born in 1794 at Warrington, where he practised as a solicitor for many years. He purchased the Mount, in the parish of Llanfair, in 1862, and resided there until his death. He was the author of a work bearing the foUowing strange title : — Being, analytically described in its chief respects and principal truths, in the order of this Analysis, fully stated, with a detail of man's spiritual and chief relations. He Iohn Powell Pryce, and the rest was apparently very heavily mortgaged at the time of his death. He gave his Organ to St, David's Cathedral, where also he desired to be buried, " with the burial service composed by "the late WilUam Croft, Doctor of Musick," but his wishes were not carried out. He died the 28th of October, 1761, at Haverfordwest, and om the 31st of the same month was buried at the church of St. Mary's in that town. Hulbert states that at the time of Sir Johns death his estates produced a rental of over £40,000 a year, evidently a gross exaggeration. He must have been, indeed, comparatively poor. Miss Harries was therefore induced to renounce Probate, and to accept probably a moderate lump sum for all her interest under the Will. Elizabetti and Mary Pryce each accepted £500 in lieu of their ^61,000 and £600 ' legacies. On the 7th December, 1761 Administration with WiU annexed was granted to his son Sir John Powell Pryce, and his daughters Diana Evors, Mary Pryce 260 and EUzabeth Pryce. The chapter of St. David's renounced their claim to the Organ. Sir John Pryce's portrait or what purports to be such, was sold by auction with the other famUy portraits and furniture many years ago. Soma of the pictures were bought by Mr. Herbert, and taken to Dolforgan, and are said to be now at Eood Ashton, Wiltshire. Sir John's portrait was purchased in a very dilapidated state by Mr. John Gittins, flannel merchant, who had it "restored." Afterbis death it was sold by auction to the late Major Drew, of MUford HaU. PEYCE, Sie JOHN POWELL, the sixth baronet, of New town Hall, was the only son of Sir John Pryce, the eccentric fifth baronet, by his first wife, Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Thomas Powell. A few years after his father's third marriage, in December, 1741, he, by Deed of Settlement or family arrange ment, was admitted into possession of the Newtown Hall estates, and became the occupier of the mansion, and a County Magistrate. He married EUzabeth, daughter of Eichard Manley, Esq., of Carleigh Court, Berkshire. His ancestors had large estates, not only in Montgomeryshire, but also in the counties of Brecon, Carmarthen, Berks, Wilts, Chester, Oxford, and Flint. Some of these had been squandered away or heavily mortgaged before his time, and he managed to get through a good deal of what remained- He succeeded to the title on the death of his father in October, 1761. His fate was a melancholy one. Having by some accident severely injured his eyes, his wife was induced in the hope to facilitate his recovery to apply some powerful spirit or acid which entirely destroyed his sight. Yet he is said to have been accustomed, though blind, to follow the hounds, and seldom to be the last in the chase. Want of prudence, litigation, and accumulated misfortunes also deprived him of the bulk of his fortune, and he died in the King's Bench Prison, where he was imprisoned for contumacy, on the 4th of July, 1776 He was buried at Newtown, but not, it seems, until nearly six weeks after his death. His wife also spent many years with him in prison. She had been, apparently, a good and faithful companion to him, but he rewarded her constancy by bequeathing to her one shilling. She died in London in very reduced circumstances in 1806. There is at Newtown Hall an oil painting, supposed to be her portrait, dated 1752. After Sir John Powell Pryce's death most of the property was sold under a Decree in Chancery — the park fencing having previously been taken down, and the deer sold. PEYCE, Sie EDWAED MANLEY, the seventh and last baronet, of Newtown Hall, succeeded his father. Sir John Powell Pfyce, in the title, and what remained of the property. He was all officer in the Guards, and squandered a good deal, and was fleeced by BiU brokers of the remnant left to him of the once fine estate of his ancestors. He was found dead in a field at Pang- 261 bourne, near Eeading, on the 28th of October, 1791, and was buried there, He is said to have died in great destitution, having left not even the means to pay the expense of his inter ment ; and his body consequently remained unburied for forty- five weeks, when at last some benevolent persons had it buried at their cost. Some say that he had married a daughter of a Mr. Flinr, of Norfolk Street London, and had by her an only son, who died an infant in his father's life-time. At any rate some years after his death a coffin, enclosing the remains of a child, was discovered over the ceiling in the roof of a house at Chiswick, with the foUowing inscription on a plate nailed to it : — " Edward " Manley PoweU Pryce, Esq., only son and heir of Sir Edward " Manley Pryce, of Newtown HaU, Montgomeryshire, Bart., died " the 28th of AprU, 1 788, aged five years and a half." Yorke, however, says he died unmarried. The title became extinct at his death. Early in the present century the Eev. George Arthur Evors, a son of Diana, second daughter of Sir John Pryce, the fifth baronet, came to an agreement with the creditors, and obtained possession of the small portion that remained of the Newtown Hall estate, which, by ca-eful management for many years, he greatly improved in value. At his death, in September, 1844, it passed under his Will to his nephew, Arthur Brisco, Esq., in whose family it remains. The arms of the Pryce family were : — Gules a lion rampant regardant or, PEYCE, MAJOE JOHN, was the son of John Pryce, of Gwestydd, Llanllwchaiarn, by Anne, his wife, (widow of. . . Meredith, of Munlyn, previously " Anne Baxter of the Bryn.") Having entered the army he distinguished himself at the battle of Dettingen (1743), became a Major, and was killed at the battle of Fontenoy in 1745. His estate of Gwestydd became vested on his death without issue and intestate in his three sisters, Jane, wife of John Pryce of Penygelly, Elizabeth, wife of Eichard Baxter, of the Bryn, and Anne, wife of Andrew Owen, of GellidywyU, Llanbrynmair, as coparceners, PEYCE, MATTHEW, M.P., of Park, Llanwnog, was the eldest son of John Pryce, of the same place, who represented a junior branch of the Pryces of Newtown HaU, and was born in the year 1639. He sat in Parliament for the Borough of Montgomery frora 1678 to 1685. He married Hester, twelfth daughter of John Thelwall, Esq., of Bathafarn, Denbighshire, but left no issue. He died on the 23rd of January, 1699 — the tradition being that he was drowned in Afon Garno in going home to Park from Penstrowed Hall. A handsome marble monument was placed to his memory by his widow in Llanwnog Church, with the following long inscription : — " Here lieth interr'd the Body of Mathew Pryce of Park-pen price in the county of Montgomery Esqr who was the Eldest Son of John Pryce of Park aforesaid Esqr (by Mary, daughter of WiUiam Eead of Castle Bromshill in the County of Gloucester Esqr) who was only Son of Matthew Pryce of Park Esq (by Catherine Eldest daughter of Lewis 262 Gwynne of Llanidloes, Esqr) who was second Son of John Pryce of Newtown HaU in ye County of Montgomery, Esqr. As He had the Happiness to be descended from an Antient and Wor- shipfnll Family, so he took Care to improve ye Advantages of his Birth & Fortune, that he might be able to distinguish himself No less by his o-wn personal Worth and Merits than by the Dignity and lustre of his Ancestors. His kno-wn AbiUties & Integrity recommended him to the Service of his Prince & Country. In several Imployments and Important Trusts at ye Barr an Able & Leamed CounceUour, on ye Bench an ITp- right and Vigilant Justice of ye Peace. In ye MiUtia a Loyal & Active Deputy Livetenant & Captain of ye County Troop. Aud in Parliament where He had the Honour to serve as Burgess for Montgomery, In ye two last Parliaments of Charles ye Seconds' Eeign. He shew'd himseU a good Patriot & True Lover of his Country In all these Honourable Trusts He acquitted himself with Inviolable Fidelity to his Prince with eminent Care & zeal for ye good and Prosperity of his Country & with Singular Duty aud observance to his Mother ye Church of England, of which he always approved himself A True & obedient Son & A zealous and steady Defender of her Eights & Constitution. Nor was He less Exemplary in ye Vertues that adorn a private Life in respect of which he Worthily sustain'd ye Character of A Wise and truly Honest Man & of A Sincere & Hearty Christian. He married Hester ThelwaU ye Twelfth Daughter of John Thelwall of Bathavern Park in ye County of Denbigh Esqr. who surviving Him and desireous to transmitt His deserved Character to Posterity at her sole Charge Erected this Monument as well to be a Publick & lasting Mark of that true Love & Affection She had for him when aUve, as for ye Eespect & Veneration She retains for the memory of her deceas'd Husband. He died ye 23rd of Jan., A.D., 1699. Annoque .Stat, suas 60." This monument was originally placed against the southern wall of the Church over the piscina. On the so-called restoration of the Church, some thirty years ago, it was taken down and cast into the churchyard, where it lay neglected for some time, and small portions of it were chipped off. At last John Pryce Davies, Esq. (a descendant of Matthew Pryce's sister and co-heiress, Mary, wife of John Edwards, Esq., of MeUnygrug), took charge of it, and had it removed to Bronfelen, and subsequently care fully put up again on the left side of the altar, where it now is. The Benefaction Table has the following inscription : — " Hester Pryce widdow and Eelict of Matthew Pryce of Park " Esqr. gave A Large Silver Challiee and salver to the use of this " Church in ye year of our Lord One Thousand seven Hundred and seven." There is a similar inscription on the Cup itself. PEYCE, Capt. EICHAED, of Gunley, was, the son of Edward Pryce, of Gunley, and Bridget, his wife. He became an active and distinguished officer in Cromwell's army, and was Sheriff of Montgomeryshire in 1651-2. He demoUshed Mont gomery Castle by warrant, dated 16th June, 1649, and was one of the Commissioners who sat at Euthin to assess the amount of an indemnity to the inhabitants of Montgomery for their losses in the Civil War. He was twice married, but left no issue, and was succeeded at Gunley by his brother, Edward Pryce, of Pont-y-perchyll. His portrait is at Gunley. I iLi^ 263 PEYCE, EOBEET DAVIES, was the eldest son of Pryce Jones of Cyfronydd, and Jane his wife, daughter of John Davies, E-,r. W., 12, Finsbury Pavement, London, E.C. [2 copies] M organ, Mr. David, Llanidloes Morgan, Mr. Ed., BahaiUon, Kerry Morris, Mr. T. E., Welshpool Morris, Mr. Thomas, Bodlondeb, Llanidloes Morris, Mrs. E. E., Weylea, Cecil-road, Harlesden, London [6 copies] Morris, Mr. A. J., Trade HaU, Llanidloes Mytton, Capt. D. H., Garth, Welshpool Oliver, Mr. Ll. S., Gas-street, Newto-wn Owen, Mr. John, Llandinam HaU Owen, Eev. EUas, M.A., F.S.A., Llanyblodwell Vicarage, Oswestry | Owen, Eev. Thomas, Christchurch, 'Wellington, Salop ,; Owen, Mr. Morris, Carnarvon Owen, Dr. Isambard, 40, Curzon Street, London, W. . • Owens, Mr. John, Broad-street, Ne-wtown , Owen, Eev. O. Lloyd, Llanwyddelan , Owen, Mr. Eufus, Tafolwern MiU, Llanbrynmair Palmer, Mr. Joseph, The Cross, Newtown Park, Mr. M. E., The Cross, Newto-wn , Parry, Eev. Edward, M.A., Ne-wtown [6 copies3' Parry, Kev. G., D.D., Dolafon, Carno Parry, Mr. David, 78, Grauby-street, Prince's-road, Liverpool Phillips, Mr. LleweUyn, PlasjTidre, Newtown Phillips, Mr. Lloyd, 46, Mulgrave Street, Liverpool PoweU, Mr. Edward, Plasybryn, Newtown PoweU, Mr. Evan, PoweUto-wn, Virginia, U.S.A. Price, Principal John. M.A., Normal College, Bangor Pritchard, Mr. Wm , Garthmyl, Mont. Pritchard, Mr. John, Broad-street, Newtown. Pryce, Mr. Thomas, New-road, Ne-wtown Pryce, Mr T. Davies, 39, Peachy-terrace, Nottingham Pryce, Mr. D. Gaerfawr, Welshpool Pryce, Mr. John, Pool Eoad, Ne-wtown Pryce, Mr. John, Highgate, Bettws Pryce-Jones, Lady, Dolerw, Ne-wto-wn Pugh, Mr. W. B., Patrington, Hull [3 copies] Pugh, Miss, 69, Morpeth-street, Spring Bank, Hull [2 copies] 340 Eedman, Mr. Wm., Gas Works, Ne-wto-wu Eees, Mr. Thoinas, Canal Shop, Ne-wtown Eees, Mr. John, jxmr., Goron, Newtown Eees, Mr. Edward, MachynUeth Eees, Mr. Eichard, (Maldwyn), Machynlleth Eeese, Mr. E., 23, WoodviUe-road, Cardiff Eoberts, Mr. T. D., PenraUt, Ne-wport, Mon. Eoberts, Mr. T. F., Manchester House, MachynUeth Eoberts Mr. J. H., Lla-wr Penegoes, Machynlleth Eowlands, Eev. Daniel, M.A., Normal CoUege, Bangor Rowlands, Mr. B. B,, Severn Square, Newto-wn Eowlands, Mr. T., The Cross, Newtown Eowlands, Eev. David, M.A., Memorial CoUege, Brecon Euck, Mrs. M. A., PantUudw, MachynUeth Hhuker, Mr. Charles, Havelook House, Welshpool Smith, Mr. Henry Lester, Llanbrynmair Spencer, Mr. J. D., LadyweU-street, Ne-wtown Stable, Mr. D. Wintringham, L.L.B., Llwyn Owen, Llanbrynmair Story, Mr. W., Llanfair Swain, Mr. A., High-street, Ne-wto-wn Swift, Mr. W. H. B. Crescent House, Ne-wtown Taylor, Mr. T. Mark, Eock, Ne-wto-wn Taylor, Mr. CecU T. M., Crescent-street, Ne-wto-wn Taylor, Mr. H. Carl, Bridge-street, Newtown T( eological CoUege, Bala • Thomas, Ven. Archdeacon, M.A., F.S.A., Llandrinio Thomas, Mr. J. Evans, Crescent ViUa, Ne-wtown Thomas, Mr. T. S., New-road, Ne-wtowu Tiljley, Mr. Eichard, Caersws Trevor, Eev. Canon, M.A., MachynUeth Tudor, Mr. A., Ocean Collieries, Ton Pentre, Pontypridd Tudor, Mr. E., Chapel-street, Ne-wtowu Vaughan, Mr. E., Staylittle Vaughan, Mr. T. H., Hafod, Llanerfyl Wace, Mrs. F., Linden House, Abbey Foregate, Shrewsbury Watkin, Mr. Isaac, Nantma-wr, Llynclys, Oswestry WiUiams. Eev. T. Powell, Glascoed, Aberhafesp WUliams, Eev. Evan, Bethesda, Llandyssil WUliams, Mr. W., M.A., H.M. Chief Inspector of Schools, Aberystwith WiUiams, Mr. WiUiam, Council House, LlanfyUin fS copies] WiUiams, Eev. T. E., Brynllys, Newtown WiUiams, Eev. John, B.A., Moel View, DolgeUey [2 copies] 'W'iUs, Mr. T. F., Woodside, Newtown "WdodaU, Mr. Edward, " Advertizer " Office, Oswestry Woodhouse, Mr. James, Shrewsbury Woosnam, Mr. George, Bryn Bank Villas, Ne-wto-wn Woosnam, Mr. Martin, Fron, Newto-wn Woosnam, Mr. E. B., 29, Wolborough Street, Ne-wton Abbot