r ffv^'" &^5¦v WV'' ifi ,.J# •Jl ^ Sp^ Y .^' m r r iii- J^^. ,?¦ ffivvi !..v.' ri«,':>y'?.-i' Nr/, '."..•.¦ ..•'¦'.. t*;^| V :'ifwys, in the deep ravines south of Moel-y-bocced. 38 EECOEDS OP DENBIGH Bishopeswall. — There is, also, there a certain waste called Bis shopeswaUe, which contains one thousand, one hundred and twenty- seven acres, three and a half roods — with the hamlet of Berebowe and Havotlum adjoining — the pasture of which is sold yearly to the community for twenty shiUings. And yet if it should be apportioned, every acre would be worth one penny yearly at least. And so the apportionment would be made seventy- three shUlings and nine pence, three farthings, per annum. And if the lord thought proper to oc cupy the said pasture vrith his own animals, then he might sustain (maintain) there eight buUs, and one hundred and four score and twelve cows, in winter as well as in summer, and have sufficient fod der in the same waste for the sustenance of the said animals in vrinter. The pasture and herding of these cattle, De Beekele estimates at eight pence per head for the year. Total value of Bisshopeswall, one year with another, twenty shUUngs. TOWNSHIP OP POSTU. Proceeding with an abridgement pf the " Extenta,"* we cpme to the tpwnship pf Ppstu (now called Postyn) which is said to contain one thousand and ten acres, three roods, and ten perches, of land, wood, and waste, in the tenure of natives. Postu, vrith Kolforn and Ky wedyk (Kilford and Cliciedig, properly Oilcedig) in the time of the princes, consisted of twenty-three gavels, each of whieh, if evenly proportioned, would have fifty -three acres, and three perches ; of which eleven gavels, and a half, and the third part of a gavel, aU in the township of Postyn, remain in the holding of " living tenants,", (natives still in possession,) comprehending six hundred and twenty- seven acres, one rood, two perches of land, wood, and wa^te, i&c. And twenty-one gavels, and the sixth part of a gavel, in the said three townships, have fallen, as escheats, into the hands of the lord. Eight natives hold one gavel each, and five others hold each half a gavel. Three other (Welsh) tenants hold portions of two other gavels. Each of these gavels pays seven pence one farthing tung yearly at the feast of AU Saints. Aud each tenant performs aU other services * Made expressly for this work by Mr J. Birtt, ofthe Chapter-house, Westminster; AND ITS LOEDSHIP. 89 in»the same manner as those of Segroit. Total amount of tung from the township of Postu, seven shUlings, and one penny three farthings per annum ; total amount of provision for the prince's servants, twenty -eight shiUings, and ten pence, three farthings yearly. The part escheated to the lord contains three hundred and eighty- three acres, one rood and a half, and eight perches ; of which six tenants, hold thirty-eight acres, one rood and a half, ten perches, paying, altogether, twenty shillings per annum. The only English name aiaong them is that of John de Swynemore. And there remain in Postu three hundred and forty-four acres, three roods, thirty-eight perches, of woodland and waste, of which the lord takes no annual profit, except five shillings for the year's herbage. But a portion of the underwood might be cut every year, and so produce four pounds, three shilHngs, and eleven pence half penny. And there is a wood there called Coydragheyn, whieh occupies one hundred and fifby-eight acres, one rood and a half, whereof the lord takes (receives) no yearly profit, by reason of the thickness (density) of the great oaks there, and because all the tenants of Postu claim common of pasture there, in consideration of the five shiUings aforesaid. TOWNSHIP OF SKEYBEON. The township of Skeybeon (Sceibion, Ysceilion, Ysgeihion) con tains eight hundred, and forty-seven acres of land, wood, and waste, and is entirely an escheat of the lord. Probably, aU the native ten ants " died contrary to the peace," and hence this township became principaUy an EngHsh settlement. Here foUows the Hst of tenants : — Tevan ap Tevan Siewe. ' WiUiam le TaUlour. Hugh de Spen. Eobert de Postu. Eignon Ove. Eichard be Hale. WUHam Mody, and Henry de Plesynton. Marg. his wife. Henry Cosyn. Elias de Plesynton. Jor. son of Wm. le Cartwright. Stephen del Grene. Thomas de Oweleye. John del Spen. Ken. Loyt. Ealph de Wode. Eobert de Lacheford. Eichard de Paunton (Panton). Lawargh Gogh. 40 EfiCOEDS OF i)ENBiGH Henry de Bolde. Eobt. son of Wm. le Seijauat. Eobeit de Chaddesleye. Eichard del Spen. Jevan Goth (Ifan Goch). WiUiam de Plesynton. Jor. Vagh. Mad. le TaiUour. John Pygot. [Hurt ?). Adam de Eccleston. David Hurt fqy. Hurst, or Dafydd Katherine SpUloponne, Tpckin Duy. ' Henry de Toxhale. John de Swynmor. ' [forry ?) David le TaiUour. Eignon de Botuarre (qy. of Bod- Eichard le Turnur. Henry de Sutton. Eignon Heen (Einion HSn). William le Cartwright. David ap Edene. Weyn. John le Eode. Tockyn, Groom of theFgresters. Eobert the MiUer. Eoger le Haiward (Hayward). Alan le Eede. Eeginald de Hale. Adam WUdyng. Eobert de Hale. William Staleworthman. Eden. Ove. David Siewe. John del Spen. Avisia, ") Agnes, and > daughters of Eobt. de Eccleston. Anabeila, ) These hold (collectively) six Tuthyns (tyddynod), one " place," and two hundred and seventy-seven acres, ten perches of land ; for which they pay nineteen pounds, three shiUings, and eight pence, one farthing, per annum. And there are there one hundred and sixty-nine acres, three and a half roods, ten perches, of land and wood, for which the lord takes no yearly profit, but the aforesaid tenants claim common of pasture there for all their beasts. And there is a water-mill there rendering annually twenty shil Hngs ; but formerly it produced forty shilHngs. TOWNSHIP OF MAGHENBET. The township of Maghhenbet (Bachymbyd) contains eight hun dred and forty acres, three roods and a half, of land, wood, and waste, in the holding of free tenants. Thereof Ealph ap Meredith and Jeuaf ap Meredith held the third-part of the township, which third part fell " entire" to the lord, as so much escheat, because all the tenants rose contrary to the peace in two wars.* And the sisth- • We are left uninformed to what " two wars " De Beekele alludes. Oould they be the insurrection of Madoc (ap Llewelyn) in 1294, and the revolt of Sir Griffith Lloyd in 1322? or the commotions of Edward the Second's reign the rebellion of Thomas Flantagent, then. Lord of Denbigh \ AND ITS LOEDSHIP. 41 part of the same township was in the tenure of the descendants of " Gruff ap Meryd," (Griffith ap Meredith, Gruffydd ab Meredydd) And thereof one-half feU to the lord as escheat, by reason of the afpresaid insurrections. Thirty-seven tenants, all of whom, except " Eobert Griffuth," who holds just one acre and a quarter, appear to be English : inclu ding five Spens, seven Suttons, two Hales, ten Plesyntons, five Boldes, two Peeks, and one of each of the foUowing names, Haiward, Wode, Staleworthman, Chadeleye, Le Mercer, and Lonnesdale, who hold four hundred and forty-eight acres, one rood and a half, of land; nineteen acres, ten perches, of meadow ; and two " places ;" rendering eighteen pounds and three pence, three farthings, annuaUy in season. And there are there also sixty-two acres of land and wood of which the lord takes no profit, &c. And there is a certain water-mill there rendering thirty-four shUlings and four pence annuaUy in season. Total rental of Bachymbyd, sSxli. xiijs, viji^. ob. q. That is £19 13s. 7f d. per annum. T0V7NSHIP OP THLOEN. The township of Thloen (Llwyn) contains one hundred and thirty-seven acres, three and a half roods, twelve perches, of wood and waste. And in the time of the princes it was wholly in the tenure of the famUy of Owen Goch ; but the eighth part ofthe same tovmship fell to the lord as an escheat, by reason of the tenants having died contrary to the peace ; and that eighth part is held in heritage by William de Swynmor, (in virtue of a charter from the Earl,) whose services are fully detailed among (those of) the tenants who hold by military service in the township of Lowenny, in the commote of Isalet, &c. TOWNSHIP OP LAVASSOK. The tovwiship of Lauassok (Llewesog, Llawesog, having outskirts, probably so caUed from its wppdy glen and rarines, forming the outskirts of the ancient forest of Postyn) contains four hundred and seventy-eight acres, three and a half roods of land, wood, and waste. The whole township was, in the time of the princes, held by free and native tenants : but the greater part has fallen to the lord as escheat, by reason of the tenants having died contrary to the G 42 EECOEDS OP DENBIGH peace. Three remaining natives render eight-pence yearly as tung, and perform the same services as those of Segroyt. Total amount of provision for the prince's servants : — Twenty-one pence. Three farthings. Half a farthing, and The fourth part of a farthing Tearly, at Christmas, Mid-Lent, Midsummer, and the Exaltation of the Holy Cross. Margaret, daughter of John de Kylford, Thomas de BiUyng, Eobert Gruffuth, John Pygot, John his son, John de Swynmor, Eobert de KUford, Adam, spu of Michael, and Jphn del Grene, to gether, hold two hundred and twenty-four and a half acres, and thirty-flve perches of land ; besides fifty-nine acres, one rpod, sis perches of waste, &c. for which they render seven pounds, twelve BhUHngs, and one penny yearly in season. And there are there forty-five acres and eleven perches of (inclosed) land ; and twenty-six acres, three roods, five and a half perches, of common from which the Idrd takes no yearly prefit, but the whole is left to the advantage of the tenants. And John de Wyberlee, Jor. ap Lewell, (lorwerth db Llewelyn^ and Cadug' Bueton, hold a water-mUl there, vrith the miU of Seg- foyt, rendering for the same nine pounds annually in season. And Jor. ap Lewell, pays twelve shiUings yearly for having a water-course to his mUl at Brenthluer. TOWNSHIP OP BEENTHLTTEE. And the township of Brenthluer (Brynllttarth), which contains two hundred and twenty-two and a half acres, is in the holding ol two free tenants, one of whom holds only fifteen acres. These ren der twenty pence tung yearly, and perform other smaU services, like the rest of the free tenants ol" the commote. And there is one water-mUl there held free by Jorwerth ap Llewelyn. TOVTNSHIP OP GAESHEEEWYT. The township of Garesherewyt (Garthserwyd, now Caserwyd, er roneously Caeserwyd) contains one hundred and fifty-eio-ht acres of wood and waste, held by free native tenants. This township i» AND ITS LOEDSHIP. 43 described by De Beekele as existing in five divisions, and a third part of those divisions (three-fifths) is held by the family of Audoen Goth (Addwyn Goch). The portions of this township which have faUen into the lord's hands as escheat, are two houses buUt upon the common-ground, which are let at two pence per annum ; and thirty-six acres, one rood and a half, of wood and waste of which the lord takes no annual profit, except twenty pence fpr the year's herbage. TO"WTrSHIP OP LUGHHEEN. The township pf Lughhern (Leghheme, Llechyrne, Llechyrnau, now caUed Lleeh and Talyrne) contains one hundred and forty-five acres, and one rood, of wood and waste. Out of the five divisions of the same township, the third part is in the tenure ofthe progeny of Audoen Gogh. Sixty-seven acres and one rood of land, fallen into the lord's hands as escheat, are held by Eobert del GriSneS, Adam de Penketh, John de Macelesfeld, Agnes de WeUeford, John Pygot, John de Swynemor, John de Eeved, WUliam de Cader, and Wil Uam de Brymleye, who render fifty-seven shUlings and nine pence, three farthings, annually in season. And there are inclosed in the Park of Segroyt two acres and a half, and thirty-two perches, be longing to this township. There are also ten acres, three roods, of waste, of which the lord takes no profit, but the tenants have that advantage. TOWNSHIP OP KILKEDYOK. The township of KUkedyk (Oilcedig, corruptly Cliciedig) con tains one hundred and twenty-eight acres, twelve perches, of land ; and is faUen whoUy to the lord as escheat, &c., of which ninety-two acres, and three roods, are held by WUliam and John de Swynmor, by charter from the Earl of Lincoln, in entaU, for service as guards of the castle, &c. as appears in detaU, among the tenants who hold by mUitary service, in the vUl of Loweny, in tjie wapen take of Issalet. Thomas de BiUynge and John de Swynemor hold twenty-seven acres of land, rendering annuaUy in season, fourteen shUlings, and ten pence. And there are nine acres, one rood, twelve perches, of land ; of which the lord takes no yearly profit, but it is aU to the advantage of the tenants. 44 EECOEDS OF DENBIGH TO"WlirSHIP OP KYLPOEN. The tpwnship of Kylforn (Kilford) contains six hundred and seventeen acres, one rood, seventeen perches, of land, wopd, and waste ; out of whieh the lord has a manor containing five hundred and seventy eight acres, one rood, seventeen perches. The remain der is held by Ealph de Grenolf, arid Adam de Grenolf, who render thirty- six shilHngs and eight pence annuaUy in season, for thirty-nine acres of land. TOWNSHIP OP ASTEET OWENE. The township of Astrett Oweyne ( Ystrad Owain) was always in demesne, as a manor ; besides a cottage, with two crofts, held by bond tenants who did diverse services to the prince. Total customs of native bondmen, eighteen pence yearly in season. Madoc Kan- nok held formerly a messuage here, but now he has an aUowance of waste, rendering for the same eight pence per annum. And ItheU le Coupere (the cooper), also held formerly a messuage here, &c. Here follows an account of the famUies of native freemen of this commote, and their services, viz. — Gavael Owen Goch, 1 Mad. ap LeweHn Vaghan 4 Eirid and Madoc, his brothers. 2 LeweUinandEden.his brothers. 5 Eignon ap Kerewet. 3 Cadug. ap Owen Vaghan. 6 Gruff.Eden.&Tudorhisbrothers. Gavael Griff, ap Meredith. Mad. Vaghan ap Mad. ap Grono, and Lewellin, his brother. Gavael Grono ap Morgan. Jor. ap Egn. ap Jor. ap Egnon Loyd. David ap Eden, his brother. David ap Mad. Goz. (Goch) Jevan his brother. Gavael Ithel Pengwern. David Loid ap Jor. ap Jevan. Jevan Vaghan ap Jevan ap Mad. Amount of provision for the prince's attendants, &c., from the free tenants : — Thirty-six shillings. One halfpenny, and Two parts of one farthing. And they render five pence annuaUy for buUding houses. AND ITS LOEDSHIP. 45 GENEEALITIES. Common Customs. — Every free tenant, not having an under tenant, pays for provision for dog-trainers, (pro pastu luctrarii cum canihus) and for provision for the penmackewe, and waisson bagheyn, three halfpence annually ; but a free tenant having an under-tenant is quit thereof. And this custom is worth eight shil lings and three halfpence per annum, taking one year with another. And eachbond tenant shall render for the same (custom) three halfpence. All tenants pay the lord for provision for staUions and grooms, and this amounts to six shilHngs and eight pence yearly. And for provision for two " satellites"* two pence per day, or find them sufficient food and drink. This custom is worth sixty shil Hngs and eight pence annuaUy, and is coUected from all the tenants, including those of the bishop, according to their chattels, and should be paid at the Pentecost and the feast of St. Michael. If a married tenant dies intestate the lord has half his goods ; excepting of com, which goes to the raglot. If unmarried, the lord takes all, saving the rights of the raglot and the church. The son of a free tenant gives ten shUlings to the lord, as reUef, to have his father's land, upon the death of the latter. Descendants in the third degree pay twenty shillings : beyond that degree they have it only at the lord's will, at a valuation. Daughters of free tenants, convicted of wantonness or adultery (super transgressione luxuries vei adulterii) pay ten shillings ; wives to give ten shUlings (pro morceto). If they have it not, their nearest relatives are to pay. The son of a bond tenant to pay five shiUings for relief; other descendants, to the third degree, ten shillings. Daughters and vrives of bond tenants to pay five shillings when convicted upon charges of unehastity. Bees or honey found in the lord's wood to belong to the lord ; if in that of tenants to belong to those tenants ; and so also in the case of sparrow-hawks. The office of raglot of the commote is worth sixty-two shiUings per annum ; ringuild, fifty shilHngs ; judge, twenty-three shillings and four pence ; forester, sixty shUHngs ; serjeant-of-the-peace, and sateUite, thirty-two shiUings ; " advocar." twenty shillings ; amobr. * Serjeants-at-mace, rather than yeomen of the guard. 46 EECOEDS OP DENBIGH four pounds, per annum. Total, sixteen pounds, seven shUlings, and four pence. Forests. — The lord has the forests ; but the tenants have house bote and haybote by view of the foresters (see Ancient and modern Denbigh, page 307.) The fall-wood and dead-wood are estimated at twenty shUlings per annum ; pleas and perquisites of the forest- court at sixty-six shUlings and eight pence ; customs of the bond tenants for brushwood to repair their hedges, at two shillings yearly. Total, four pounds, eight shillings, and eight pence, taking one year "with another. Perquisites of (other) courts, reliefs, Jines, and escheats from both EngHsh and Welsh tenants, thirteen pounds, six shUlings, and eight pence ; besides other smaU items. Total annual value ofthe commote of Caymerch : — £243 14s. 7id. and the fourth part of a farthing. And it might be increased by £23 12s. Hid. yearly. CONCLUDING EEMAEKS. Upon reference to the Ppstmprtem Inquisitipn of De Lacy, in a subsequent part of this work, the reader must be struck with astonishment to find this bommote tripled in value, in the short space of twenty-three years — from £80 5s. 3|d. per annum, to £243 4s. 7Td. This arose, probably from numerous escheats, or confiscations, consequent upon the rebellion of Thomas Planta genet. From the crown (virtually) these passed to Montacute, now (1334) lord of Denbigh. The foregoing survey vriU enable us to trace, upon the ordnance map, the limits of the ancient commote of Ciamerch, with consider able accuracy. On the north and west, it was bounded by the river Tstrad or LHwen, except near the confluence of that stream with the Clwyd, where De Lacy, in making for himself the manor pf KU ford, made a diversion from the priginal and natural boundary, inclosing certain portions of land on the north side, in the immediate neighbourhood of Brookhouse, Whitchurch, Kilford, and Cotton HaU. On the east, we have the Clwyd for a short distance, and the course of the Clywedog for a considerable way, untU we tum at Pontuchel, up the branch coming down from GyfiyUiog • thence' 'p AND ITS LOEDSHIP. 47 another branch-stream to Nant Niwlyg, in the moorland, near the source of the Clwyd. Here, for some half a mUe, we have no natural boundary ; until we come to a smaU stream emptying itself into the Alwen, a little below the ancient camp of Caerddunod. Thence, proceeding up the Alwen, for some way, we turn northward up a mountain-stream caUed the Brennig, and an eastern branch caUed Bechan. From this water-course, there is, for a few hundred yards, no natural boundary-line, untU we come again to the source of the LHwen ; having made a circuit of more than thirty mUes. Thus, the whole commote is nearly surrounded by the aforementioned streams, and is weU watered throughout. Perhaps, no tract of country is more diversified in its physical and geological features, considering its extent. From the elevated desert of Hiraethog in the south-west, we come down to a cultivated undiUating region, with picturesque glens and woodlands, dipping into the fertUe and famous Vale of the Clwyd, tpwards the east and nerth-east. The geology of the district is equally interesting. The new and old red sandstone, the limestone, and clay-slate formations seem here to be almost blended together, and it is beUeved that a coal-field exists under Segroit Park. Beautiful specimens of agate, jasper, and chalcedony are found in the rocks above Llanrhaiadr. There is a cave near Prion, which is several hundred feet long, and very lofty, terminating, so far as human ingress can penetrate, in a natural chamber of a circular form, the diameter of which is about twenty feet. From this point the passage is so narrow that it is impossible to make any further progress. The descent is steep and unpleasant, owing to a stream of water which appears in various places. The same stream, as is believed, pursues a subterranean course of some two miles, and emerges in an ancient bath, called St. Dyfhog's Well, near Llanrhaiadr Church. This " holy weU" was celebrated in popish ages for the aUeged miraculous efficacy of its waters. Nor have miracles ceased at Llanrhaiadr in Methodist times. Towards the close of the last century, a female of the name of Mrs Anne Parry, who was the first person in this neighbourhood to open her door to itinerant preachers, and to keep a Sunday school at her house, died and was interred here. " Forty-three years after her decease, on the occasion of her son's burial in the 48 EECOEDS OF DENBIGH same tomb, her coffin was opened, and the body of this exceUent woman was found to be in a perfect state of preservation, undecayed in the sUghtest degree, and her countenance bearing the hues of Hving health. The very flowers which had been strewed upon her body, it is said, were as fresh in colour, and as fragrant in odour, as when they were first plucked from their native boughs. The body of this lady was exhumed about three years afterwards (1841), and was in the same state of preservation." See Boscoe's Wanderings in North Woles, Davis' Handbook to the Vole of Clwyd, and the numerous Methodist and other Welsh publications aud papers of the time. The story is certainly " marvellous," more especially since the miracle extends to the preservation of the flowers, shroud, and timber of the coffin, though imbedded in soU. The church is a white-washed edifice, with a low square tower, half hidden in a wood. But internally it possesses much to interest the archaeologist and ecclesiologist. The date of the great eastern window, of the north aisle, and the tradition connected therewith, have been the subject of antiquarian debate. The painting, which : fills it, is a genealogical tree, representing the lineage of the Messiah, springing from the Eoot of Jesse, including all the kings of the House of David. It is in a finestate of preservation, and the pen- cUUngs are masterly ; with this drawback, that the figures are so stunted in stature, (from au absurd whim common among the later mediseval painters,) as to give the whole group a grotesque effect, which is utterly at variance with the artistic taste of the present age. The daite is, " m,iitammi" — 1533.* On the corresponding window in the south aisle, " mMtabixx." — 1508. On a carving, 1597. According to tradition the " Jesse window" was twice " piously" preserved from dempHtion : the first time, at the dissolution of Basingwerk Abbey, when it was purchased with the offerings of pU- grims to St. Dyfnog's Well, and placed here ; and the second time, • In 1854, the Eev. H. Longueville Jones, an excellent antiquary, pointed out to the members of the Arohseologicsl Society, an earlier date and inscription, nearly effaced, w hich stated that the glass waa inserted by a rector of the pariah. AND ITS LOEDSHIP. 49 on the outburst of CromweU's Eebellion, when, to save it from the fanatical fury of the Eoundheads, the glass was taken out, placed in the almonry-chest, (a primitive coffer, of rather formidable strength and size, being formed of the trunk of an oak-tree, squared with the axe, and hoUowed out with the chisel and adze,) and secretly buried in a neighbouring wood, where it was discovered after the Eestoration, and refitted into its legitimate place. There are some fine modern monuments in this church, and many sepulchral inscriptions around, relating to various famiUes of dis tinction, besides the Myddeltons, to whom we have already made aUusion ; as the Lloyds of Pentre Llech, Llwyn, and Eossa ; as. JOHANNIS LLOTDE DE PENTEE GENEEO w PVLVEEIS. IN. LECTO. JACEO. MODO. MOXQ. EESVEGAM. CHEISTE. VIGOEE. TVO. CAENE. VIDEEE. DEVM. JAM. TEE- EENVS. EEAM. MOD. . . SVM. C^LESTIS. lESV. MOETVVS. AC. VIVVS. SVM. MAN- EOQ. TWS. A. ME. DISCE. MOEL LECTOE : QVO. VIDEEE. POSSIS. MOES. FVIT. EN. MI. HODIE. CEAS. TIBI. FOESAN. EEIT. HIC. JACET. COEPVS. EDWAED. LLOTD DE LLECH. GENOVI. MOETEM. OBIIT 1665. 0391 "Hoa ONNV siasHaoaa oiJiHax David Lloyd of Llwyn died in 1671, Ac. Also, " Hicjaeet corpvs Johannis Lloyd de Bossa, et Annce Vxoris sva Thomas, &c., 1678 and 1697." In an outhouse at Eossa, there is a date vrith armorial bearings, and the initials H. K. : C. K. 1650. At Llanrhaiadr, is the tomb of Edward Wynne, of Tstrad, esquire ; (son of Maurice Wynne, of Gwydir, Esquire, by Catherine of Beren ;) who had four sons and seven daughters. He died the 20th of Oct. 1640. His son, Capt. Wnyne, was slain at the siege of Denbigh, in 1646, and buried here with military hpuours. The foUowing exhibits the " pride of ancestry :" — Here Lyeth the Bpdy of JOHN AP EOBEET of POET : AP DAVID AP GEIFFITH AP DAVID VAVCHAN AP BLETHTN AP GEIFFITH AP MEEEDITH AP JEEWOETH AP H 50 EECOEDS OP DENBIGH LLEWELTN AP JEEWOETH AP HEILTN" AP COWETD AP CADVAN AP ALAWGWE AP CADELL KING OF POWIS, whp departed this life the 20th day ef March, in the year of our Lord God 1642, and ofhis age 95. As reminiscences of popish times and evidences of the Eeforma tion, and the utiHtarian age that followed, the rood-screen has been removed to the west end of the church, and buUt up into the present gaUery, or organ-loft, and the stoup used up as one of the coping- stones of the churchyard waU. There is an hospital adjoining the churchyard for aged pppr ; and pther charitable endowments are coimected with this extensive parish, a part of which is comprehen ded within the " Liberties" of the ancient borough of Denbigh ; a rivulet called Aberham, or Aber Ham, on the road to Denbigh, form ing the boundary-Hne. Here the late Venerable and' excellent Archdeacon Newcome, author ofthe Memoirs of Gabriel Goodman, Sketches ofthe Histories of Denbigh andButhin, Sfc, spent the evening ofhis days. A neat Httle district church, in the early English style, and dedi-' cated to St. James the Apostle, has lately been-buUt at Prion, frpm the design of Eichard Lloyd WiUiams, Esq., of Denbigh, upon land given by J. Parry Jones, Esq., then Mayor. It is a substantial buUding in perfect keeping with the natural features ofthe landscape. Llanrhaiadr had, from time ijnmemorial, belonged to the diocese of Bangor, when, after the demise of the late Bishop BetheU, it was transferred to the see of St. Asaph. In Brown Willis's Survey ofthe Diocese ofBangor, we find the foUowing notices of Llanrhaiadr : A quotation (as from Pope Nicholas's Taxation,) shewing that this church belonged to Bangor in A.D. 1291, and was then worth six marks and a half yearly. " Toxatio Bonorum Spirit, et Temp, in Dice. Bongor. Anno 1291. Ecclesia de Llanrhaidr vjire. et dimid." (p. 200.) " Thomas Cheryton, Bp. of Bangor, in (A. D.) 1441. procured the restitution of Llanrayader Eectory to the Chapter of Bangor." The patent is printed in thc^^'i'^'*'^** — "Llanrayader in Kinmersh." AND ITS LOEDSHIP. 51 " Summa Valorum, Sfc. Episcopatus Bangoriens. facta in Anno 26 Hen: VIII. — 1534. — Denbigh Land, Manerium de Llanray- der et Kenmerch valet adfirmam,per annum, cum pertinentiis. 8( sic dimittitur Henrico Salisbury, Generoso, ivii. vis. Od. " Beprisolia. — Feoda Willhemi Saleshury, Seneschalli, in Llan rhaidr Sf Kinmerch, per annum, xiijs, ivd." — 13s. At page 272, " Names of all the Churches and Chapels in the Diocese of Bangor ***** " Llanrhaidr^ Eectory sinecure. Tythes settled on the Bishop rick. Fcmum prope vei ad cataracfam aquarum. Bhaiadr (rhaiadyr, but generaUy pronounced with the last r sUent, as rhaiad, and Llanrhaiad,) signifies a cataract ; hence cataract-church, from a cascade or fall on the passing torrent. In Bishop Merick's Beturn of this diocese, in A. D. 1561, we have the names of aU the Parsons and Vicars within the diocese, and " D (Dominus) Hugh Davies, alias Johns, Prist. Vicar of Llan- rayder [Llanrhaidr-Tngheinmerch] forsaid, and kepeth house." (p. 268.) " Llanrhayador-in-Kinnerch," occurs in an Act 1 James 2, (A.D. 1685,) for the Eepairof the Cathedral Church ofBangor." (p.291.) Tsceibipn and Bachymbyd are in the parish of Llanynys. Bach ymbyd was formerly one of the numerous seats and " wide estates" of the Salusburies, (see Ancient and Modern Denbigh, p. 166, 213, 230.) Llewesog, which once belonged to the same Ulustrious fainily, stands on the verge of an ornamental lake unbosomed in a deep woody glen. Dispute. In conclusion, it should be remarked that upon the appearance of the author's former work, he was favoured with numberless commu nications from archaeologists, in Wales and England, both in the shape of commendations and criticisms. Two or three antiquarian gentlemen, of most respectable standing, gave expression, privately and pubUcly, to their doubts as to the correctness of the statement that Henry de Lacy was succeeded in this lordship by Thomas Plantagenet, Earl of Lancaster. They enquired pf certain copyists at the Eecord Office, and examined the postmortem inquisition of the estates of the Earl of Lancaster, and not finding in that 52 EECOEDS OF DENBIGH document any mention of Denbigh, they were convinced that this was an historical error into which the author had faUen, in fpUowing Camden and ethers. Consequently, in a paper upon Denbigh Castle, &c., read before " the Architectural, Archseolegical, and Histprical Society of Chester, and published in the Journal ofthat body, for 1856, and afterwards in a separate pamphlet, we find — " Henry de Lacy &e., is said to have been succeeded, in 1310, by Thom-as Plantagenet, Earl of Lancaster, but it appears doubtful whether Denbigh ever passed into the possession of the Earls of Lancaster; and it is suggested that this supposition has arisen either from a miswrithig or misreading of the Earldom of Lincoln, abbreviated as beth titles constantly were in the Latin deeds, into Liner, and Lancr., vrith a contracting mark over the words." This objection De Beekele has, in the foregoing pages, set for ever at rest. But the most remarkable fact is the decay and extinction of the "English Colony of Caymerch." The social revolutions of five centuries have not left of it " a wreck behind." The only surnames associated with reminiscences of its departed existence, which came down to times within our recoUection, were Wilding, Peake, Bwr- chenshami, and one or two " doubtfuls" ; and these are no longer bome by any residents of the commote. The Peakes are noticed else where. The Burchenshaws spread to Isaled, where they have just the vestige of " a local habitation and a name." But ages have passed since they ceased to be " EngHsh." The most iUustrious member of this famUy was John Burchenshaw, Abbot of Chester at the close of the fifteenth century. Brpwn WUHs takes hun to be a native of Wales, from the fact of his name appearing upon the great bell at Conway ; and the following Welsh ode written three hundred and fifty years ago, proves him to have been a Welsh man, conversant with the old British tongue, and weU versed in Welsh poetical lore. He was appointed, by the Pope, Abbot of St. Werburgh, on the 4th day of October, 1493. He is said to have been opulent, generous, and high-minded ; whUst his history proves him to have been no less ambitious. Indeed, his panegyrist describes his deportment and bearing as that ofa "prelate and pontiff;" his hospitality and profuseness excelling the bountifulness of a hundred barons, famous for his affabiUty and benignity ; talent, learning, AND ITS LOEDSHIP. 53 and erudition ; excelling as a linguist, classical scholar, and divine. He was chaplain to Henry VII., and the aUusion to St. Saviour's points, probably, to a previous connection with the celebrated Monastery of Bermondsey ; and he may have held canonries at Dur ham and Bath ; and ecclesiastical manors or preferments in Angle sea and at Dwygyfylchi. He built the great western porch of Chester Cathedral, which he intended to flank with corresponding towers, the foundation-stone of pne pf which he actuaUy laid in 1508. The poet speaks of his buUdings. Some attribute to him the haU of the manor oflnce ; and he " beautified" the manor-house of Saughton. These, probably were his " casteU-dai," casteUated houses " kept by his sword and bow." In the sixth year of Henry VIII., he obtained a royal license to- convert to parks (for the chase) one thousand acres of land in Huntingdonshire and at Cheveley and Saughton ; and, at the same time, a charter granting to him freedom of chase over all his lands in the county of Chester that did not form a part of the king's forests. In 1511, when one Thomas Smith was mayor of Chester, a bitter contention broke out between the citizens and the Abbot, and Thomas HighhiU and Thomas Marshull were appointed to act successively in his stead. This quarrel lasted for years, but Bm-chenshaw was restored to his abbacy about the year 1530, and is supposed to have held it untU his death, which took place in 1537. It would appear that he assumed something Hke archiepiscopal dignity, for in 1516, a com mission was issued from Eome authorizing Thomas (Cardinal) of Tork to hear and decide the dispute between Geoffrey, bishop of Litchfield, and John Burchenshagh, Abbot of Chester, touching the right of wearing the mitre and pall, and of cai^rying the crosier. AWDTL MOLIANT I SION ABBAD CAEELLEON. Vn tad yn abbad wynebwr — grassvs A groesses Sain' Saviwr ; T gwaed o'r gwin geidw'r gwr,' Jessv'n evrbyrth Sain' Werbwr.^ Sain' Wer bwr ? — pwy'r gwr piav'r gerpn — avr T' Nvram ^ nev Vaddpn,* A chadw braint kwvaint kyvion Ar gledd a saeth ? — Arglwydd Sion.* 1 An allusion to transubtantiation. 2 St. Werburgh's. 3 Durham. 4 Bath, 54 EECOEDS OF DENBIGH Sion — gwr val Uysievyn gwyrdd, A wyr ein ffydd ar jawn ffordd ; Vrddas vydd ar ddewis vardd I abbad Kaer wybod kerdd. Wynebwr o jawn wybod A 'dnebydd Duw yn abbad : Ni roed 'i ras ar dy wrid, Sion, heb v?yneb Sain' Bened.' Sain' Bened, Berned, ' gyda'r Barnwr — mawr, Mab Mau*, vo dy nerthwr : Ar dy Dduw'r wyd weddiwr, A Duw a'th wnaeth dithav'n wr. Oesswr, kedrannwr kydrieni — maer Mon a'r Ddwygyfylchi ;' Arvon a'i chyffion, y chwi ' T' nhir y Brenin Harri.' Gwr gweddi Harri hiroes — a'i siaplen, Sy aplaf i ddwyn kroes ;" Gwr a ynnUl gair vnoes, Gwr ni chyU gair yn yeh oes. Oes dvr ac avr pvr gorav pery — rhai'n Ar yr hwnn a'i dyly ; Jessv 'n hyn oes no hynny Gwneled d'oes i gynnal ty. Ty dy glych yn wych a wnai — yn gavell, Tn gyvoeth, ac ossai ; A chadw gwledd modd y gweddai, A chadw 'ch tir a chodi 'ch tai. Tai, tir, ni threissir, na'th ras— er beUchion Ni cheir bylchv d'vrddas ; Gwynn yw d'enw gan a dinas, Ni bytho gwynn neb o'th gas. Tn gwynn dy vyw ynn dyveinwyr — ^kavell Kwfaint ac Eglwysswyr ; Vn nid gwell, enaid y gwyr, Neithr pah neb athro pybyr. Pybyr nerthwr Pob Uawenydd Pob dierthwr," Hyd VUienydd,'= Pab aberthwr, Pob awenydd, Pawb a berthed. Pawb a aned. 5 Lord ofthose manors above. 6 St. Bennet, founder of the Benedictines. 7 St. Berna-d, founder of the Cistercians. 8 Carnarvonshire. 9 Henry VIL 10 Than Geoffrey of Litchfield. 11 Stranger. 12 Maelienith, South Wales. AND ITS LOEDSHIP. 55 Pan ganassant, T traethassant Jaith y passant," A'th happvsed. Mavrr y'm noddaist T'm gwahoddaist, Maeth a roddaist Tm a thrwydded. Ar bysc eigiav O v6r greigiav, Ae ar seigiav, Tm gwressoged, Ac avr lestri Ar ffenestri, A'r ryvestri" Avr a vwstried,'^ A nul am wys I'r vro ar vrys A droes i'r Uys A'i drws ar Ued. Am yn Uessv A'n kynnhessv T'th beirch Jessv A'th barehvssed. Angel ffeiriav'^ Vchel greiriav" A gar geiriav T gwr gwared. Tn kanoHc Ffydd GathoUc, T Nadolic, Tn dy weled. Ni ddarparwn, Ac ni oharwn O'r kann barwn Wr kynn bvred. Ni rydd, ni roes, Nid yw, nid oes, Ni bu'n yr oes Neb enw a red. Ar vinteiav O'r gwindeiav, O'r kann rriav Wr kynn rrywied. 13 Feasant. 14 Revestiary. Am dy roddion Aeth gormoddion Tmadroddion Am dy rwydded. A'th ddaioni, Heb ddigUoni, A'th haeUoni, A'th lawened. Ac yn orav Dy gydghorav, A'th ragorav Wythryw giried.'' Ar gaUineb, Heb ervrineb, A'th ddoethineb — Awr dda 'th aned. Ar wyr koethion, T cyvoethion, Vwchben doethion T'ch beudithied. Ar hoU ieithiav T taleithiav Gwnewch od weithiav, Gan y'ch doethed. Ar Ev vein wyr," A darlleinwyr, A'r dyveinwyr,^" . Avr dy vonedd. Tn aU Siarom^^ T darparom Enw a garom Tn agored. Vn vodd yn vab, Vn bwyll yn bab, I'th bair sythvab Harri Seithfed. Vn Dvw yn d'oes, Ar hwnn a'i rroes TnnUl y groes Wrth wynn hoU gred. Wrth gyflenwi Kaer o'th henwi — Kyvion d'envri, Kefh y dwned. 15 Mustered. 16 Perise, holidays. 17 Relics. 18 Bounty. 19 Latinists. 20 Divines. 21 St. Jerome; 56 EECOEDS OP DENBIGH Tn berffeiddiaf, Mynych mae yno Tn sancteiddiaf, Ordr Van: dra vo ; Abbadeiddiaf, Mal bro Sain' Bevno T'ch bedyddied. Nev Sain' Bened. Tn breladaidd, Aed ystod Jestin,^ Offeiriadaidd, Aeth i fam i'th vin, Jaith abbadaid, Awstin parth gwerin I'th wyboded. Pyrth agored. Mae 'ch tir, mae 'ch tyrav, Aeth y dref i'th dras, Mal braint Kaint yn cav, A thabl avr i'th bias, Mannav gwinUannav ; A thi ydyw gras Mae 'n gynn Uowned. A thad y gred. TtTDUE Aled a'i Kant. This ode, a masterly composition so far as rhyme and harmony (oynghctnedd) are concerned, was first pubUshed by the editor of this work in 1857, in a local journal. It is an exceUent picture of the sentiments and manners of the age. It is needless to say that our poet's prediction that his patron should, through the influence of king Henry VIL, be raised to the pontificate, was never fulfiUed. The Church of Llanynys, situated on the other side of the Clywedog, stands pn what may be called a peninsula — uppn a per fectly level, but weU-cultivated and richly- wppded plain, almost surrounded by the Clwyd and Clywedog rivers. The Welsh word ynys was formerly used to denote a peninsula (now caUed gorynys) as well as an Island, as " Tnys Tudno ;" or as Leland tells us, " Llctneinys is not aU in Kynmarth, but part in Defiryn Cluid. It, is cauUid Llaneineis by cause the Chirch is setbetwix the Eivers Cluid and Cluedoc, as in an Isle." — Vol. v. p. 57. The church, which is said to be dedicated to St. Seem, is a double-aisled structure, devoid of a tower, except a lantern turret for two beUs, and the in ternal design has been utterly ruined by a barbarous admixture df Grecian with Gothic architecture. This " improvement" was in troduced some time in the last century, before the revival of " the masonic art." In vain we look around for ancient epitaphs ; that in memory of " Morris Cadwaladr, of Bachymbyd, buried the 7tli day Nov. 1687," has been copied for the author as the oldest. Indeed, it is a very remarkable fact that nowhere do we find such memorials dating before the Eeformation. 22 Justinian. CHAPTER IV. DE EECKELB'S SUEVET CONTINUED — THE COMMOTE OF ISALED — THE CASTLE AND BOSOUGH OF DENBIGH — CONDITION OP TEN ANTS, SEETICES, ETC. UNDEE THE ANCIENT PEINCES OF WALES. " CASTEtTM DE DYNBIEGH." And the Lord WUHam de Monte Acute holds the Castle of Den bigh, which is situated in the commote of Issalet, And that is not surveyed by reason of the greatness of its charges,* (Et quod non extenditv/r propter magnam ejus reprisam?') And he holds that castle, with the honour, from the Lord the ICng in capite. Parks and Pools, Sfc. — And there is a large inclosed park there, which comprehends two hundred three score and four acres, of land and wood, reckoning by the perch of eighteen and a half feet of as size. And another park caUed the GalghuU, (Galch-hill, lime-hiU,) which is Hkevrise inclosed, and contains, by the same standard measure, three score and two acres. Also, another large inclosed park, which contains four hundred two score and two acres, of land and wood, caUed MoUlewyk (Moelewig.) And the underwood, if cut dovm, might be worth eleven pounds, eight shilHngs, yearly. And the herbage there is worth twenty-one pounds, six shUlings, per annum. In aU, thirty-two pounds, fourteen shUUngs. Charges (deducted) ten pounds, ten shillings ; so (making) the clear annual value twenty-two pounds, four shUHngs. And there is a manor there, near the Castle, the site pf which cpntains sixty-four perches. ^And there is a dovecot there, and two great fish-ponds there which are not surveyed, (" Et sunt ibi duo magna vivaria quce non exten- * " Reprisa, — Doduetio ex proveniibus aUeujus preedii, pro sohendis penaita- tionibus, quibus obnoxium esse potest, quacunque ex causa. . . Salva reprisa ultra rationibiles reprisas." — Du Ganges. What these charges -were, in tbe case of Denbigh Castle, we are not told ; pro bably, the keep of so many archers, men-at-arms, &c. So in the JPosimort. Inquis. Sen. de Zaci, we are told that it was of no value beyond its charges. I 58 EECOEDS OP DENBIGH duntur, Sfc") besides arable lands, and (grass) fields, werth, iu all, six pounds, seven shiUings, and one halfpenny, per annum, £ s. d. 2btoZ.— Parks, 768 acres, ... 22 14 0 Manor and farm, &c. . . 6 7 0^ So, making annuaUy . . 29 1 0| " BrEGrS DE DTNBIEGH." And there is the burgh (borough) of D'nbiegh within the walls, together with the market tpvm (villa mercatoria, the suburban mart) without the Walls. And the burgesses of the town within the waUs hold of the lord by foeffment (ad feodum firmam, in other words, by feudal tenure) the whole of the aforesaid burgh, and the whole of the said viU, \rith the advantages (privUeges, or profits) arising therefrom, (cum omnibus exitibus) rendering yearly to the lord twenty pounds for the same : that is to say, one half therepf at the Pentecost, and the pther mpiety at the feast of St. Michael. " Capella de Dynbiegh." — And they find pne chaplain tp celebrate Divine serrice in the Chapel cf Dynbiegh, within the walls, (St. HUary's) for the Iprd, his predecessprs and successprs in perpetuity. ' The erectien and reparation of this chapel, as appears hereafter, de volved upon the free and native tenantry of Taldrach, from the time ofthe sovereign princes of Wales ; as weU as to buUd and re pair, for the prince, a haU, a chamber, a wardrobe, domestic offices, &c,, at Dynbiegh ; and to construct and keep in repair the fences there round the court of the prince. Denbigh, in the time of the princes consisted (originaUy) of two gavels ; the first, caUed in Welsh, according to De Beekele, " Gavell Eethe ;" (Gafael Bhydd,) the other " Gavell Kaythe" (Gafael Caeth) Gavell Eethe. was so called because it was free ; and the . other GaveU Kaythe, because it was not free ; ("fuit de vilioribus and de pluribus servitutibiis quam prima gavella;) the tenantry being subject to more and viler services. GaveU Eethe was afterwards subdivided into six gavels, viz :— Gavel Waspatrik A moiety of which is held hy Ithell ap Grono Loyd, Jevan, and Eden, his brothers, who render for ardreth (rent) two shillings, and six pence per annum. AND ITS LOEDSHIP. 59 David ap Bleth' Saser (D. ab Bleddyn y Saer) holds the third part of another moiety in Tyrpryd, rendering for the same ten pence per annum, Jevan ap David, Jor' and David, his brothers, have an eighth part of the same half gavel, rendering for the same three pence, three farthings, yearly. Mad. ap Ken' Voyle holds a tweUth part, at the rent of two pence, one halfpenny, per annum. A fourth part of the same gavel, minus a twelfth part, is a pure escheat of the lord, and is arrented with the rest of the escheats. Gavell Seynyon. Jevan ap Ithel, pannour, (y pannwr, the fuUer,) and Eignon, his brother, hold a moiety of Gavell Seynyon, rendering for the same two shUlings and six pence yearly. Jevan ap David, Tuder and Jevan Duy, his brothers, hold two parts of another moiety of the same gavel, rendering twenty pence for the same, yearly. Jevan ap Mad' Goz, Eignon and Jevan, his brothers, pay ten- pence yearly for a third part of the same gravel ; and Jevan ap Mad' Creche (qy. Crydd or Craoh ?) and David his brother, render ten-pence yearly for a third part of the same ; but they say they have notliing from it. Gavell Osbern. John de Wyberleye holds the whole of this gravel (quce est jus Eignon ap Ith' ap Gron ;) which is the right of Einion ab Ithel ab Goronwy, (but held by Wyberley) because the said Einion is "impo^tent," (labouring under disabiUty, quia dictus Eignon est impotens), at the rent of five shilHngs per annum. Gavell Iskethlin Has fallen altogether into the hands of the lord, because Eignon ap Kendale ap Gron., who is the right heir to the same, is " im potent." — Eent, five shUHngs per annum. Gavell Gwynnot. Atha (Adda, Adam) ap Madok ap Gwynnot (Gwymiod), Eignon and Jevan, his brothers, hold a moiety of this gavel — Eent, two shUHngs and, sixpence per annum. The other mpiety is arrented along with the acreages. 60 EECOEDS OP DENBIGH Gavell Gwassane. Jevan ap Mad. ap Gwassane, Grono ap Eignon ap Mad., and Gwen his brothers, hold four parts of this gavel, &c., rendering fom- shillings yearly. They also hold one eru (erw) of the fifth part thereof, at a rent of ten pence per annum. Also Jevan ap Mad. ap Gwassane holds one eru thereof at ten pence per annum. So the whole of these six gavels now render twenty -two shUlings, and ten pence, one farthing, yearly in season, for " ardreth." And the tenants give ten shiUings for relief and amobrage, like other free tenants of the commote. Ofthe three gavels into which Gavell Caithe has been subdivided — Gavell Vernath. Eignon Lloid ap Eignon ap Tonas holds the third part of the moiety of GaveU Vernath, at the rent of twelve pence per annum. Mad. ap Eign. ap Tonas holds another third part (treian) at the same rent. The other third part, which Gronou Bondus ap Eignon ap Tonas (once) held, has ccme inte the hands of the lord. Ga/eell Cadug' ap Ken'. One half of this gavel, and the sixth part of the other moiety, which Mad. ap. Cad. ap Ken. (once) held for seven shillings per annum ; together with the five (remaining) parts of the other moiety, which Gron. ap Cadug. held, for five shiUings per annum have come entirely into the hands of the lord. Gamell Ithel Wolewen. Cadug. ap Eign. ap Ithel holds the third part of this gavel, for four shUHngs per annum. Jevan ap Mad. ap Cad. ap. Ithel (once) held a moiety thereof, at six shiUings, and eight pence, per annum. It afterwards came into the lord's hands, and was demised to Henry Moder Soule, but is again in the hands of the lord. A sixth part thereof is in Denbigh (town), and is an escheat, &c. And all the heirs of the three (last-mentioned) gavels, gire two shiUings for relief, or " amobrage," and do no other services, as they say. And be it known that the whole " vUl " of Denbigh, which was formerly in the hands of the tenants of the two original gavels, came into the hands of the Earl of Lincoln, partly by escheat and partly by exchange And it contains in the whole, eight hundred E. p. s. d. 0 0 . .. 5 8 11] XX . .. 3 4 0 0 . .. 10 0 0 0 . .. 0 8 1 0 . .. 1 6 2 0 . .. 1 6 0 0 . .. 4 0 0 0 . .. 9 0 AND ITS LOEDSHIP. Q^ and eighteen acres, and three roods of land, wood, and waste. Acreages of Denbigh. — And nine tenants hold forty-one and a half acres, eighteen perches of land, rendering for the same thhty- six shUHngs and five pence, at Hocktide and Michaelmas ; yearly, in equal portions ; namely, A. Hugh de Hulton vui Thomas Pygot iv Ditto, and Alice his wife x Henry del Spen i Eichard de Eossyndale ii JuUana and IsabeUa daughters of Henry ) de HaUum j ' John Bost (qy . Sion Bost, John the Postman ?) iv Thurstan de Orell ix- John Bost also holds one curtUege, with its appurtenances, and one clough, containing three roods, eighteen perches, for nine-pence per annum. And there is a null there broken down by the fiood, in lease to WUHam Waleys vrith that of Astret Oweyn ; so nothing is rendered there. Total annual value of the vill of Denbigh, with the manor, &c., £56 6s. 6id. CONCLHDING EEMAEKS. The reader should, perhaps, be reminded that De Beekele does not enumerate the burgesses of Denbigh, who held burgages, cur- tUages, and oxgangs of land, by charter from the Earl of Lincoln and his successors. These numbered six score, in A. D. 1310, and it is certain that they were more numerous by this time. Nor can the reader have any correct conception ofthe extent ofthe English settlement untU we have gone over Lleweny, and the surrounding townships, in their order. In the present chapter, De Beekele has completely refuted the supposition that Denbigh derives its name and origin from De Lacy, its first lord after the Conquest of Wales. Had it been so, it is absurd to suppose that, writing his Extenta just twenty-four years after the demise of the (now) aUeged founder, he could have been ignorant of that fact, and have described the place as existing, un der the name of " Dynbiegh," (which could be nothing else but the Welsh Dimbych, in its old orthographical form Dynbeich) from the 62 EECOEDS OP DENBIGH times of the princes of Wales — times immemorial — and a place where the prince had a court, hall, chapel, apartments, wardrobe, &c. It is incredible that this matter-of-fact man, who is correct in his statements to the smaUest fraction of a farthing, could have penned a fiction purporting to be a " survey" upon oath, when his noble employer might have found hundreds of Hving witnesses to disprove it. And that De Lacy could have " first given it the name Betibigh, after Deneby, a manor which he possessed in York shire," is as improbable, the former being written " Dynehieghe" in his Charter, (A. ^ M. Denbigh, p. 301,) and " Dynebegh " in. the Inquisition given hereafter. Indeed, that is impossible ; unless it can be proved that he was in possession of this " honour" hefore the actual Conquest of Wales and faU of " the Last Llewelyn.'',! This is evident from the foUowing quotations, made for the author by W. Wynne Foulkes, esq., barrister-at-law, historic secretary of the Chester Archseological Society, frpm Ayloff's Calendar of Welsh cmd Scotch Bolls, p. 82 : the marginal notes by Ignatius WUliams, esq., of Denbigh, or by the author. EOTULUS WALLIiE, ANNO 10 EDWAEDI PEIMA, " De oonductu (oceasione guerra) pro fratn 1 Deputed ^^^*o'?; Johanne le Waleys,^ transmissio ab archiepiscopo cation °*^''^jj^|p^^ Cantuar' ad exequendem offcium spirifudle Mi Wallia.— Apud Dynbey, 25 Octobris." (1282.) " De protectione et conductupro quibusderttin sions for'^thl 'army ducendo victuoUa ad exercitum' Wallia,— iii in Wales. ,, supra. " Castrum de Rutthin, et Oantredmn de Bes- frencloyt, et terra WencheUonce de Lascy, con- 3 Buthin Castle, firmato Beqinaldo de Grey? ver manum Regis. the Tale of Clwyd, &o. •' -f ^ confirmed to Reginald — Apud Dmby, 23 Octohris. i Parson of Bun- " De protectione pro David persona Eeclesiis bury, Cheshire, oaUed , tj j. - A 4 j, ii BomiehttT. - Pope de Bonow, ofc* — ut supra. 'Kin'h T3.X " Q-uod Nicholous de Monte-forte^ is ohsegm 5 Peter de Monte . . forte waa employed regis, non ponotur m assists mratis, seu in the Welsh Wars. ., J ' recogmtwmbus altqmhus. — Apud Dinhey^ 26 Octobris." AND ITS LOEDSHIP. 63 " Abbas et conventus de Basingwerk habent proteciionem, dum tamen non concomitent cum Walensibus rehellibus,^ Sfc." Hs'sApp.st Asaph. " Johannis Bonquer in ducendo victualia ad exercitum Walliw, ut supra." Membrana 1. " De Rogers Extraneo' (morieote Roqero de 11 Eoger lo Strange __ . . Baron of Ellesmere. Mortuo-mart) constituto capitaneo in munitioni- bus Abhi Monasterii Oswaldestre, ' et Montes Gomeri. — Apud Dynbegh, 30 Octobris." Membrana 5, dorso. " De capiendo manum regis costro et terris Boqeri de Mortuo-mar^ senioris, defuncti. in * The Baron Mor- -^ tr 1 . . ¦, ¦, timer, of Wigmore. Wallia et Marchia. — Apud Dynbey, 29 Octobris. " De levando curiale subsidium in civitate Hereford, promissum ratione' expeditionis Wal- lice, Apud Dynbey, 28 Octobris." Quod Rogerus,^ filium Bogeri de] Mortuo-mari, 9 Baron Mortimer faciet ea quce Rogerus Extraneus capitaneus ' munitionmn in partibus Wollice, dicet ex parte reqis. — Apud Dynbiich,^" 31 Octobris. , i" The unmista- -^ -^ n J J liable Welsh name Membrana 1. " Dinbych." De protectione et conductu pro WilUam de la Chambre^^et Ricardo deBannf eld, Sfc, in ducendo ii See notice of victualia ad exercitum Wallice. — Apud Denbeghj """ 3 Novembris. Here we find the king personally at Denbigh, before the Conquest, directing the movements of his army, and conducting other affairs of his kingdom. Nevertheless, all who have written upon the his tory of Wales, tell us that after the death of Llewelyn, which took place on the Ilth day of the foUowing December, the Welsh nobles naet at Denbigh, and proclaimed David ap Griffith their prince. Was Edward occupying or merely besieging Denbigh in October and November ? If in possession of the place, it seems very in credible that David could have " summoned the Welsh chieftains to meet him at Denbigh" in December, or afterwards. (See War rington's History of Wales, Lond. Edit. (1788), p. 485. Hanes Cymru, p. 730. Prydnawfigwaith y Cymry, p. 129, and others.) CHAPTER V. MUNICIPAL HISTOET — COEPOEATE EECOEDS — EECOEDEES, TOTVH- CLEEKS, ETC. Leating De Beekele for a whUe, we turn to certain facts and events in the municipal and parliamentary history of this ancient borough, which are not narrated in " Ancient Sf Modern Denbigh" Since the passing of the Municipal Eeform Act, the office of recorder, or judge of the borough sessions, has been vacant, although it was not actually annuUed by that statute, and may be again rerived. The " governing charter" 14 Charles II, prorides that Denbigh might for ever thereafter " have one honest and discreet man, who should be called the Eecorder of the said Borough," and also that " one court of record should be held on Friday, in every second week, throughout the year, for aU pleas, actions, suits, and demands of aU sorts of transgressions, by force and arms, or otherwise, done, &c.; and of aU manner of debts, accounts, bargains, frauds, detaining of deeds, writings, and muniments; taking away and detaining of beasts, cattle, or goods ; and all contracts, whatsoever, &c.'' But the office of recorder of the borough had been in existence for many generations previous to the reign of Charles, probably since the second year of Eichard II., A.D. 1378. Eecorders of the Lordship, commonly called " recorders of Denbigh," existed from Norman times,, long before " Ehys ap Llewelyn Chvrith, of Chwibren, assas sinated Dean Pemberton, the recorder of Denbigh." In the reign of EUzabeth, John Panton, Esq., " designer," of New Foxhall, in the vicinity ofthe tovpn, (the " ivy-mantled" ruin of which forms so fine a subject for the pencil,) held this office, and whilst he sat in parliament for the borough, his brother, Foulk Pan- ton, acted as deputy recorder. His name appears at the foot of the foUovring curious old table of "Ffees. Lymited and appoynted for the Eecorder, alowed by y' Ald'men, & balifs, and other the Capitall Burgs., of the Borow and towne of and its LOEDSHIP. 65 Denbigh xxviij° Die maij, A° Ene. * * Elizabethe ec. xliiij— 1002. Imprimis, for the entrie of eu'y ac^on. (action) vndre ") .. , the some of C' & for eu'y varant of atturney . 5 "^ ' Itm. — for eu'y declara9on in all acfons, of a Deapt") .. , vndre xls 3 Itm. — for eu'y warant of atturney i]d. Itm. — for eu'y answere, Eeplic. & Joininge to issue') .. , vndre xls 3 Itm. — for the etrie of eu'y ac9on. of a C'° (£100) . . xijc?. Itm. — ^for th' entrie of declarofon, answere EepHc, ) Ee . . . gder & surre . . . gder in aU acfons. of xls. > iiij Caymerth. ass'io Hbor. ten. Wallens' xx li. viij.d. o' ad festa Natal, Dni. Aplor Sci. Petri & Oim. Scor. equis (/) Qy. whether St. Mere for Hilary, the patron Saint of Denbigh-withia- the-Walls, whose Chapel still stands as the principal place of worship— or Holy Cross Fair ? * It is almost certain that this was Berain. AND ITS LOEDSHIP. 101 porcoibz. Et der. assi'o nativor. Wallens' ibid'm. l.iiij.s. iiij.d. ad eosde. t'minos ad eosde' t'minos & est ibide' q'dam consuetude que vocat' Amobr' que val. p. annu' xl.s. pH'ta & p'quisit. Cur. WaUens' . . Sm" xxx],li, uij.s. ob. (xviii, omitted,) Idm huit ibidem de r. assi'o Hbor. ten. Wallens' xx,li. ad quatuor p'dcos fos & r. assi'o natior. ibide' lx. . . ad uthaiet. eosde' t'ios Et p. advocacoibz ad eosde' t'ios Et sunt ibide' duo Molend. ad feodi firma' dunissa p. V. m'rc, p. annu' ad eosde' t'ios Et su't ibidem. . . . . . . custuma que vocat' Amobr'. Et est ibid. qMa' oustuma que vocat' Tung' tam de libis. ten. q"m de viUanis q" val. p. annu' 1 . . s. ad eosd plita & p'quisita Cur. ibide' val. p. annu' x.li. Sm" xlv.Z*. vj.s. viij.tZ. C^j.li. x.s. omitted) Id'm h'uit in Eosveynok de r. assi'o tam Ubor. ten, q"m E^weynok, villanor. xv.li. ad p'd'cos iiij. ti'os equis p'coibz. Et de ad- vocac'oibz. xx.s. ad eosd Id'm h'uit Ix.s. tam de lib'is q'm de nativis p. quada' custuma que vocat' Tung' ad eosde' t'ios & p. custuma que Tocat' .... t'ios. Et dicu't qd. pU'ta & p'quis. Cur. ibide' valent p. annu' vUj.Z*. Sm° XX. . . . li. (rectius xxviii) Idm. Comes h'uit in p'ria de Eoos in Com'oto de Istulas „ , . . in viUa de Dynrobin vj""- acr. terre arrabil' in d'nico que Istulas.' val. p. annu' vj. marc' p'c acr' vUj.t?. Et est in d'co Com'oto de r. assi'o Hbor. ten. WaUens' Ix.s. ad festa. Aplor. Phi' & Jacobi S'ci Petri ad vincla' & Oim. Scor' equis porc'oibz. solvend. Et est ibide' q'da' custuma que vocat' Tung' que val. p. annu' xlvj.s. vUj.J. Et est una alia custuma que v Porthian que val. p. annu' xl.s. ad festa Natal' D'ni solvend. Id'm h'uit apd. Kilmeyl de r. ass'io Hbor. t . . ide' xl.s. Et de ejusdem viUe vj.s. Id'm h'uit in Kilmeyl de r. assi'o Hbor. ten. xxx.s. Id'm h'uit in Kilkydok de r. assi'o Hbor. ten. x. . . s. (xxs.?) Id'm .... in Dynorbyn Vacham de r. assi'o Hbor. ten. viij.s. Id'm h'uit in Meymoc de r. assi'o Hbor. ten. xiUj.s. Et de pastura|in eadem viUa (jJi.s..'') .... Id'm h'uit in Boderhen- wynder. assi'o Hbor. ten. xvj.s. Id'm h'uit in Hendregeda de r. assi'o Hbor. ten. xx.s. It'm de pastura ville iiij.s. Id'm h'uit in Abergel' de r. assi'o Hbor. ten. xl.s. Et de pastur. vUj.s. Id'm h'uit in Dynhengren de r. assi'o x.s. Et de' pastura' iiij.s, Id'm h'uit in Brunssant de r. assi'o Hbor. ten xUj.s. Id'm h'uit in Seritor der, assi'o li- bor, ten. xx.s, Id'm h'uit in Massawith de r, assi'o Hbor, ten. xx.s. v],d, Id'm h'uit in Tulgard der, assi'o Hbor, ten. vs. i].d, (qy. iy,dL,?) Id'm h'uit in Garthewynt de r, assi'o Hbor, ten, vi,s'. vn],d. Id'm h'uit in Toronoth de r. assi'o Hbor. ten. xx.s. iij.cZ. Id'm h'uit Kilkewyn de r. assi'o Hbor. 102 EECOEDS OF DENBIGH. ten. xx.s. vii].d, ob. Id'm h'uit in Bod minori da r. assi'o Hbor. ten. viij.s. ob. Id'm h'uit de r. assi'o duor. Mo lend. in code' Com'oto x.H ob. Et de redditu Nativor. ej'dem Com. xxvj.s. vUj.^. Et de quada' custuma q. vocat' Amobr' ej'dem Com' oti Ix.s. Et de advocacoibz. ej'de' Co- mo'ti xx.s. viij.d. Item dicu't qd. p'lita & p'quis' Cur. ibidem valent p. annu' x.libr. Sm" liij.ZJ. xUij.s. v.d. ob. I' dm. h'uit in Com'oto de Ughdulas in p'ria de Eoos de Hghtiuias. r. assi'so tam Hbor. ten. q"m nativor xvij.Z*. vuj.(Z. (xviij) Et est ibidem defirma acr. der. assi'o xyj. m°rc'. Et om'es isti reddit" custume solvi debent ad festa Aplor. Phi' & Ja cobi. Ad vincla' Sci. Petre Oim Scor. & Natal, D'ni Id'm h'uit. de r. assi'o Molend. xxvuj. s. Et est ididem queda' custuma que voca' Amobr' que val. p. annu' Ix.s. Et de advocac'oibz' xx.s. Et solvi debent ad t'ios p'd'cos equis porcoi'bz. Id'm dicu't qd. p'Uta & p'quis Cur' val. p. annu' viij.ZJ. Sm" xlj.Zi. ij.s. Id'm h'uit q'dam vUlaM'cator' que voca' Abergelen in qua sunt xx"- Uij°'- Burgens' qui xxiiij"' Burgag' tenent & reddunt p. annu' v.s. iij.d. Et iidem tenent ferine' ten. p. quibz. reddunt p. annu' vuj.li. Et solvi debent ad festa Pentecost' & Sci. Mi'chs. Et est ibidem de r. assi'o cuj'- dam Molend xxx.s. ad t'ios p'dcos. Et tolnet' ibidem valz. p. annu' xxx.s. sic t*dit' ad firma' solvend' ad eosdem t'ios. Et est ibide' queda' feria que val. p. annu' xxviij.s. m].d. ob . solvend' t'is p'deis. Id'm Comes h'uit ibide' advo- cac'om cuj'dam eccl'ie qui vocat"^ Kikedok' que valz. p. annn' X. m"rc, Et dicu't qd. p'lita & p'quis Cur. valent ibide' p. annu' lx s. Et dicu't qd. Alesia filia d'ce Henr' de Lacy. Comitis Line, ux' d'ne Thome Com' Lancastr' est p'pinquior h'es & fuit etatis xx."-ix. annor. die Natal D'ni ultima p't'to. In cuj' rei testimoniu' p'd'ci lur. huic Inquis' sigilla sua apposueru't Sm" xv.li. xiij.s. viij.tZ. (viid.?) ob. .... quidam Herwardus dns. de Deminel. qui tenet unu' feod mUit' in Comoto' de Eoos & valz. cu' acciderit xx.li, it. ' ^ " Et h'uit advocac'om eccl'ie de Kikedok & valz, p. annu' X. m"rc. Sm" toci' ccclxxvij.Zi. xx.d. ob.' I hereby certify the above to be a true and authentic copy pf the original Eecord in the custody of the Master of the EoUs, pre served in the Public Eecor(^ Ofiice, pursuant to stat. -102, Vict. c. 94 ; the same being sealed with the Seal of the said PubHc Re cord Office, pursuant to the said statute.JOSEPH EEDINGTON, Assistant-Keeper 5 August 1859." of the PubHc Eecords. AND ITS LOEDSHIP. 108 (Translation, by the ^uthor of this work) DENBIGH. " An inquisition touching the lands and tenements of which Henry de Lacy, Earl of Lincoln was in possession in his lordship, by feoff ment, on the day that he died ; to wit, how much land the same Henry held of the lord the king, in chief, and how much otherwise. And for what services ; and how much those lands and tenements are worth yearly altogether, (in omnibus excitibus, in all things arising therefrom.) And who may be his nearest heir, and whose age being shown, before the escheator at Denbigh, (on the Lord's Day next before the feast of St. Peter,) in the chair, in the fourth year of King Edward II., upon the oath of Thomas de Pontefract, Adam de Swinemor, Llewelyn ap lorworth, Madoc ap Gronow, Grif fith ap Eees, Kenevert Lloyd, Yorwerth Duy, (Ddu) Yorwerth . . . . . . Tuder arwet. Ken. Lloyd, and Ivan ap Ithel, jurors who say upon their oath that the said Henry held in right of his lordship as by covenant (in feoff.) on the day that he died, the territory of Ehos and Ehyfoniog, and the commote of Cinmerch, vrith the Castle of Denbigh, ofthe lord the king in chief, for miUtary serr'ce. And the castle there is of no yearly value, beyond its char ges, (ulirar reprisas,) and otherwise it would be worth, annuaUy, ten pounds. And there are four score acres of arable land there be longing to the Lordship, which are worth four pounds per annum, price twelve pence per acre. And there are three parks there, of which one park is worth ten pounds per annum ; and another worth sixteen marks per annum, and the thbd park is worth one hundred shUlings per annum. The King's Mills. — And there is a certain water mUl there, which is worth four pounds per annum. And there is a certain dovecot there, which is worth four shUHngs a year, and a fish pond there, worth four shUHngs per annum. Denbigh Town. — And there is a certain market town there, in which are six score burgesses, and they render forty shUlings per annum, each of them four pence ; and the tolls ofthe same town are worth sixty shillings per annum. And there is there a certain fair upon the day of St. " Elere" (Hilary) annually, and it is worth sixty shiUings per annum. And there is there from the lent-charge of free English tenants around (forinsecus, from without) forty shil lings and eight pence. And they say that the government fees and perquisites of the court are worth four pence per annum.* Total, foity-four pounds, two shUlings and four pence. Ystrad Owain. — And they say the same Earl had there from the rents of free EngHsh tenants, eight pounds. Segrwyd. — And there is there a certain park, which is caUed "Segruit," whose profit is worth forty shUHngs per annum. And there is there a certain water mill, worth forty BhUHngs and six pence per annum. Total, thirteen pounds, and six pence. * This is mt, however, reckoned in summing up the total. Perhaps this four pence was allowed to some officer, or keeper of the court. 104 EECOEDS OF DENBIGH. Kilford. — The same Earl had there from the rent-charge of free tenants, twenty shillings. Llewesog. — Also the Earl had at " Lauuassok," from the rents of free tenants, thirty shUlings. And there is there one water miU, and it is worth twenty shUlings and fimr pence, per annum. Oilcedig, or Gliccedig. — He had also at Cilcedig, from the rents of free tenants, eight shiUings and four pence. Casyth or Cathus, y Felin Hen-Coder. — The same (Earl) had there sixty-eight shillings from the rents of free tenants. And there is at the same place the moiety of a certain water miU, worth twenty shilHngs per annum. And he had there, from the rents of free tenants, sixty-six shiUings and five pence. Tetal, eleven peunds, thbteen shUlings, and one penny. Bachymbyd, effaced, ij.M. xix.s. viij.d. Ysceibion, Llwyn (?) and Kilford. — The same Earl had there four hundred acres of arable land, belonging to the lordship, which are worth twenty pounds per annum, price per acre, twelve pence. And there are at the same place, sixteen acres of meadow land, which are worth twenty-four shUlings per annum, price per acre, sixteen pence. And there is a certain dovecot there, which is worth four shilHngs per annum. Total twenty-one pounds, eight shiUings. Ystrad Canon. — And the same Earl had there, from the rents of free tenants, forty pounds. And there is a certain water miU there, which is worth twenty shillings and four pence, per annum. (With Lleweni^ — And there is a park there, whose profit is worth twenty shillings per annum. Total, forty-two pounds and fpur pence. Galltfaenan, Henllan, " Bremship." — The same Earl had there, from the rents of free English tenants, twenty shilHngs and four pence. And there is one mill there, which is worth ten shUlings per annum. Total, thbty shilHngs and four pence. Gwaenyuog, Gwaenynog, Wyntus. — ^And the same (Earl) had, from the rents of free English tenants there, thirty-three shillings, and four pence. Total, thirty-three shiUings, and four pence. Berain ? — And the same (Earl) had, from the rents of free Eng Hsh tenants, ten pounds, thirteen shiUings, and four pence per an num. And there is there a certain water mUl, which is worth forty shilHngs per annum. Total, twelve pounds, thbteen shUlings and four pence. Talybryn, Body sg aw. — He had also from the rents of free Eng Ush tenants, ten pounds. And there is there a certain water mill, which is worth twenty shiUings per annum. And they say that the fees and perquisites of the EngUsh court, are worth forty shillings per annum. And all ought to pay the aforesaid rents at the feasts of the Apostles St. Philip and St. James, and Michaelmas, .... . . (the rest is effaced, but thefe can be no doubt that it was equis portionibus, in equal proportions. Total, thbteen pounds. Cinmerch. And they say that the said Earl had in Cmmerch, from the rents AND ITS LOEDSHIP. 105 of free Welsh tenants, twenty pounds, and eight pence halfpenny, at the feasts of Christmas, of the Apostles (names lost) St. Peter, and AU Saints, in equal portions. And from the rent- charges of Welsh natives there, sixty-three shUHngs and four pence at the same seasons ........ (effaced, but there is Httle doubt that it was to the effect that he had the profit of a custom called twng,) at the same seasons. And there is there a certain custom called Amober, which is worth forty shUlings per annum. The fees and perquisites of the Welsh court* .... (effaced) Total, thirty- one pounds, four shiUings, and one halfpenny. Uchaled. And he had there, from the rents of free Welsh tenants, twenty pounds, at the four aforesaid seasons, and from the rent-charges of natives there, forty at the same seasons. And by advocations at the same seasons. And there are two mills there, held ou lease for five marks per annum, at the same seasons. And there are at the placet a custom which is caUed Amober. And there is a custom which is caUed ttmq, as weU from' free tenants as from villains (bondmen or serfs) which is worth fifty shilHngs per annum, at the same (seasons, no doubt.) And the fees and perquisites ofthe court there, are worth ten pounds per annum. Total, forty-five pounds, six shUlings, and eight pence. Bhyfoniog. And he had in " Ehiweunog" (Ehiwoniog) from the rents of free tenants, as well as of " viUains," fifteen pounds, at the aforesaid terms, in equal portions. And from advocations twenty shiUings, at the same (seasons, no doubt.) And he had fprty shUlings, from free tenants as well as natives, by a certain custom which is called tvng, at the said seasons. And by the cus- tpm caUed (amober ?) at the same seasons. And they say that the fees and perquisites of the court there are worth eight pounds per annum. Total, twenty-six pounds. Commote of Isdulas. ¦ The same Earl had in the territory of Ehos, in the Commote of Isdulas, in the township of Dinorben, six score acres of a,rable land in the Lordship, which are worth six marks per annum, price . . . eight pence per acre. And there is belonging to the Lordship iu the com mote, from the rents of free Welsh tenants, sixty shUUngs, to be paid at the feasts ofthe Apostles St. Philip and St. James, St. Peter ad Vincula, and AU Saints, m equal portions. And there is a certam custom there, caUed tung, which is worth forty-six shUlrngs, and eight pence, per annum. And there is another custom which is called porthiant, worth forty shUlings per annum, to be paid at the feast of the Nativity of the Lord (Christmas) * These, with the tung, must have amounted to six pounds. t This, with the rents and advocations, amounted to six pounds, ten shillings. P 106 EECOEDS OF DENBIGH. Kinmel. — And he had at Kinmel, from the rents of free tenants there, forty shUlii^s. Ajid from the .... of the same township six shiUings. The same Eail had in Kinmel, from the rents of free tenants, thbty shUHngs. Cegidog or Cihedog. — The same (Earl) had in Cegidog (St. George), from the rents of free tenants, twenty-six shUlings. Dimorben BCtch. — And he had in Dinorben Pechan, from the rents of free tenants, eight shUUngs. Meivod.—Ajadi he had at Meivpd, from the rents of free tenants, fourteen shillings, and from the pasture in the same township , . , Bod/yrhenwyni — And he had in Bodyrhenwyn, from the rents of free tenants, sixteen shiUings ; (qy. Bodrochwyn, or Bodoryn ?) Hendregyda. — And he had in Hendregyda, from the rents of free tenants, twenty shUlings. Also from the pasture of tpwnship, fpur shiUings. Abergele. — And he had at Abergele, from the rents of free tenants, forty shillings. And from pasture, eight shiUings. Dinhengron.-^AxidL he had in Dinhengrpn, from the rents of free tenants, ten shillings. And from pasture, four sBillings. Brynsant. — And he had in Brynsaint, from the rents of free ten ants, thirteen shilHngs. (Place unknown.) Serior. — And he had in Serior, from the rents of free tenants, twen* ty shiUings. Maesegwick. — And he had in Maesegwick, from the rents of free tenants, twenty shilHngs and six pence. Tylgarth. — And he had in Tylgarth, from the rents of free tenants, five shilHngs, and three pence. Garthewin. — And he had in Garthevrin, from the rents of free tenants, six shiUings, and eight pence. Trovarth. — And he had in Trpvarth, from the rents pf free ten ants, twenty shillings, and three pence. Kilkennin. — And he had at Kilkennin, frpm the rents pf free tenants, twenty shUlings, and eight pence. Bodlemmon. — And he had at Bodlemmon, from the rents of free tenants, eight shUlings, and one halfpenny. And he had from the rents of two miUs in the same commote, ten ppunds and pne half penny. And from the rents of the natives of the 'same commote, twenty-six shillings, and eight pence. And from a certain custom, which is called Amober, in the same commote, forty shilHngs. And from Advocations in the same commote, twenty shUlings and eight pence. And they say that the fees and perquisites ofthe court there are worth ten pounds per annum. Total, fifty-three ppunds, four teen shiUings, and five pence halfpenny. — (But perhaps Bod rochwyn Bach ?) Uchdulas. — And the same (Earl) had in the commote of Uchdulas in the territory, from the rents, as well of free tenants as of natives, forty-eight (?) pounds, and eight pence. And there is there from the rents of certain farms of land, sixteen marks. And should pay AND ITS LOEDSHIP. 107 those rents hy custom at the feast ofthe Apostles Philip and James, St. Peter and Vincula, AU Saints, and Christmas. And he had from the rent of a mUl, twenty-eight shiUings, And there is a certain custom there called amober, which is worth forty shilHngs per an num : and from advocations twenty shillings. And they should pay at the aforesaid seasons, in equal portions. And also they say that the fees and perquisites of the court are worth eight pounds per annum. Total, forty-one pounds, two shiUings. ABEEGELE. The same (Earl) had a certain market town, which is caUed Aber gele, in which are twenty-four burgesses, who hold twenty-four burgages, and pay five shiUings and three pence. And the same (burgesses) hold tenements around the town, for which they render eight pounds per annum. And they should pay at the feasts of Pentecost and St. Michael (Michaelmas). And there is therefrom the rent of a certain mill, thirty shUlings at the aforesaid seasons. And the tolls there are worth thbty shillings per annum. So the whole is said to be payable by agreement, at the same seasons. And there is a certain fair there, which is worth twenty-eight shUlings, and four pence halfpenny, payable at the aforesaid seasons. The same Earl had there the advowson of a certain church, which is cal led Cegidog (St. George) which is worth ten marks per annum. And they say that the fees and perquisites of the court there, axe worth forty shiUings per annum. And they say that the Lady AHce, daughter of Henry de Lacy, Earl of Lincoln, wife of Thomas Earl of Lancaster, is the nearest heb, and her age was twenty-nine years, upon Christmas Day last aforesaid. In testimony whereof the afpresaid Jurors to this inquisition afiix theb seals. And there is a certain Herward, Lord of Dinmel, (Dinmael,) who holds a miUtary feodary, the value of which comes to twenty pounds. And he had the advowson of the Church of Cegidog, and its value is ten marks per annum. Sum total, three hundred and seventy- seven pounds, and twenty pence, halfpenny. Summary. Denbigh, parks, miU, town toUs, &c., Ystrad, Segrwyd, park and null, Llewesog, with mill ; CUcedig, Cassyth, Cader,&c. Ysceibion, Llwyn ? KUford, Lleweni, Ystrad (Canon) GaUtfaenan, HeiUlan, Ac Gwaenynog ....... (Berain) . ; . . . Talybryn, Bodyscaw, Cinmerch ........ Uchaled .....••• £ s. d. 44 2 4 13 0 6 11 13 1 21 8 0 42 0 4 1 10 4 1 13 4 12 13 4 13 0 0 31 4 o\ 45 6 8 108 EECOEDS or DENBIGH. £ s. d. Ehyfoniog, or Isaled, 26 0 0 Isdulas, 53 14 5i Uchdulas 41 2 0 Abergele, tolls, fairs, miU, &c. . . . . 15 13 7^ The total in Survey , . £377 1 84 Total above .... £374 2 0^ £374 2 Qi Bachymbyd, the value effaced in manuscript, . . 2 19 8 Total, as per survey corrected, . . . £377 1 8f Thus De Lacy's revenue, fi-om Welsh freeinen, natives, and bondmen, who were subject to the payment of the vai-ious customs described above, amounted to £197 7s. Id. annually ; and £179 14s. 9id. from the free EngHsh colony, spreading, more or less densely and compactly, from Denbigh, as a nucleus, over the surrounding parishes — down the Vale of Clwyd, and up the Western hiUs — with the smaUer put-lying English settlement at Abergele, as described hereafter. CHAPTER X. DENBIGH UNDEE EOBEET DUDLEY — CONTINHED. In the 12th Chapter, page 98, of the author's former work, a quotation is given from Pennant, stating that the tenants made the Earl of Leicester a present of £2,000, at his first entrance into the lordship. And further, that he raised the old rents of £250 a year to £800 or £900. Some time back, whUst the author was examin ing a great number of old documents, kindly shown to him by the late Eobert Myddelton, Esq., at Gwaenynog, he accidentally fell upon the very " deed " of agreement made between the Earl and his tenants — a most interesting document, highly characteristic of the notpripus royal favourite's rapacity and hypocrisy. Here it is — " Apud Denbigh in Northwalia xxvj. Die Septembris, Anno BegincB, Elizahethe, Sfc, sexto."* " Whereas by reasone of the yearely revenue of the Seignory or Lordshippe of Denbighe, whereof the Eight hon' able the Lorde Eobert Dudley, Kniglit of the most noble order of the Garter, one of the Queenes mats. P'vie CounceU, and m' of her highenes horses, is rightfuU honor and hath estate, of inheritance in fee simple, being pre sently in great decaye, w""" hath heretofore, in ancient time, bene an swered vnto the Lords & owne" of the said seignorie or Lordship yearly of a greater some then is p'sently answered over and besides demayne landes, Parkes, fforests, chases, woodes, wasts and co'mons, fiishings, ffowlings, wards, mariadges and EeUefes, vrith aU other Eialties, in the manuaU occupation of the owners and Lords of the said Seignory and Lordship, for theb best vse, Comoditie, and profite, w* owght to bee issuinge, and yearely payable out of and by such por9ons of landes w"'n the said Lordship, as the nowe tenants of the said Lordshipp doe occupie at this p'ent albee it they nowe p'tende to have the same parceUs of landes of inheritance; by the Stewards grauntes of the said Seignory discharged from the said rents nowe decayed as by the records of the p'misses evidently appeareth, ffur- thermore, hy the Colome of a Charter which the said tenants and inhabitants seeme to have of the graunt of the Late King henry the vij"-- as they do pretend, alleaging them thereby to be discharged of divers customable rents, duties, and seruices hereafter mem9oed. At Denbigh, in Korth 'Wales, on the 27th day of September, in the sixth year of Queen Elizabeth,— 15&3, 110 BECOEDS OF DENBIGH. Dowbting the vaUtite thereof in Lawe, w""" are comonly caUedby the names of amV- woodwarderth, forestwoorth, p. pastu, forestarij, als, arian woodward, Tel arian brestai, aut arian, pro pastur. jrith lech deniel, havodelwy, Egyrchyd, pewnant, llwyufrits magou, et bonds de Denmell,&\s.vooe arian tervyn Dimaell,arianporva, velarian manerij voce gwaithllys, de construfoe omor, et als. voc. trethgaer de kvlohde pastur Stalion, et gartois als. voc. porthiant stalwynd, de pastw lucrar. cm. canibus, qu de molend. de pastur. eg Raglog, et de pastw, S' . . nts pach, als voc. kylch enkys, vei arian de pastur pennarlion, et gwestion byohain, et de aduocat. als. voc. arderk etdenar. als. voc. arian arderk, w"*" should amount vnto the some of two hundreth forty poundes and aboTe. And whereas also a greate part and quantity of the Lords Compns are inclosed, incroched, and converted to the privat pccupa9on, compditie, and prpfite of divers the tenants and inhabitants pf the said Lprdshipp without Usence, or any maner of Eent to his L. answered. Therefore, for refprma9on thereof to the end the said Seignorie and Lordshipp with the possessions. Land, and Eent, Eialaties, and interest of the same, aswell one the behalfe of the said Lord Eobert as of the particuler tenants and occupiers of the same, may be reduced and brought to a certain perfection accor dingly. The lord Eobert greatly desiringe not only certentie thereof but also the favourable entreatie and great increase of the tenants dwelling within the Lordshipp, and also for the Zeale and care w"' he hath of his said tenants, is wel contented and pleased not only to remitt a greate part of the said decayes, but utterly for ever to re lease and discharge them of aU the said straits, costomes, and exactions, and mynding also to forbeare rigour of Lawe to bee oo'- menced againts the said tenants, and for performancie thereof Ms Lordshipp his hon' able goodwiU and carefulnes of them hath favour ably sent by his Comission, and authorised, nominated, and appointed his trvstie servants and frindes, John Dudley, WUHam Glasvor, Thomas Eeese, Esquiers, and tp every of them to survey, viwe, and travaUe the same by aU such lawfall and favourable meanes, as for reforma9on of the p'misses apppinteth, w"*" now be in execution ac cordingly. The Ecu' end father in God Thomas Bushopp of St As- saphen,* ordinary of the same place, S' John Salesbury; knigM,t ElHs Pryce, doctor of Lawe, and Eobert vryn ap Cad''- Esquier, and aU other the tenants and inhabitants of the said Seignorie and Lordshipp, with one whole minde and assent, humblie submittinge themselves to a reasonable conformitie and reforma9on of the same, by the travaile and labour of the said Eeverend father, S' John Salesbury, ElHs pryce, and Eobert -wja ap Cadd', who beauthorized by, and appointed by Comission of all the said tenants, to travaU in the p'misses, have most instantly desired and prayed the said John Dudley, and others the Comissioners of the said L. Eoberi;, to accept * Dr. Thomas Davies conaecrated May 26th, 1561. Died Michaelmas, 1573; interred as aome say at Abergele. t Intereed at 'Whitchurch. — See Ancient and Modern JDenUgh, d. 1, 164, 165, 344, and 345. AND ITS LOEDSHIP. 1X1 and Eeceive for the vse and behoof of the said L. Eobert, not only their faithfull and most assured harts and goodwiUs, but also theb Duties, services, and powers vnto his bono' most redy and vnfaynedly offered at his honors Co'mandment and appointment in all lawfuU respects, the Duties and aUeagence, vnto the Queenes Heighnes, her graces hebs and Successors, Kings and Queenes of England, alwayes reservede And for the accomplishment of the p'misses the said sutors and peti'90'rs, by the said atturneys,* factors, and travaUers, have most hartely desbed and requested the said John Dudley and others the comissioners aforesaid, one the behalfe and for the vse of the said L. Eobert, to accept and take by these p'ntes, they for them and theb hebes and executors doe now freelie give and graunt vnto the said L. Eobert, and his hebes, not only the some of one Thow- sande Poundes to be paied in maner and forme foUowinge. That is to say in the vigUl of St. Andrewe nowe next to come, five hundreth pounds ; the twentieth daye of m'ch then next ensuinge an other fyve hundreth Poundes in fiiU payment of the same thowsande poundes for the release and discharge of the said chargeable Eents and bond- aiges and welsh customes and services imagined to be discharged by the aforesaid persons. But also freelie give and graimt, for them and thebe hebes, one yearlie Eent of three hundreth thbtie and three pounds, sixe shUlings and eight pence to be received vpon the lands and tenements w"*" the said tenants have and claim to have as their inheritance within the said Seignory or Lordshipp ; savinge such as hould by speciall Charters and doe pay the ould and accustomed rents reserved vpon the same ; euery tenant to pay his particuler parte and and por9on yearely at the feasts of thanun9ia9on of our Ladie and St. Michaell tharchangell for ever, from the feast of St. Mi- chaeU tharchangeU next cominge, and to continew the same payment yearely vnto the said L. Eobert and his heires for ever, after and by a rate w""" amongst theme selves, with the assistance of the L. stewards or Comissioners aforesaid, or any of them shaUbe reduced and appointed over and besides the yearely Eents abedie payed ; and w""" is now in yearely revenue and charge within the said Seignorie and Lordshipp. And other the EeUefes, services, and Eoialties. And for the better performance of the same Eents partlie revived vnto the said L . Edbert, and his heires, the atturneys and factors, one the behalf and for the said tenants have, hartely desbed that vpon the said Eates for particuler payment thereof. It wpuld please the said L. Eobert to accept and take the same to be reserved chargeable and issuinge out of the particuler p' cells of the p'misses in their seu'all occupa9ons, by such seuerall writings as by such Councell leamed, w""" the said L. Eobert and the said atturneys for the said tenants and inhabitance shaU nominate and appointe, shalbe devised and advised. The said tenants by theb said attorneys and them selves personally by these pa'ties do promise one theb partes to p'forme the same, aU which suits, peti9ons and requests ; And also the offers, gifts and gra.unts before men9oed. The said Comissioners * EUiB Pryce, doctor of laws, and Robert Wynn ap Cadwaladr. 112 EECOEDS OF DENBIGH. one the behalf of the said L. Eobert havinge hearde, and pondering deeply the considera9ons & cbcunstances thereof, not only for thaug- menta9on of the honor of the said L. Eobert within theb sbcuite in this behalf but also for the great benefit, wealth, and comoditie of the said tenants, w'"* they greately desbe to be encreased, and chiefly in accompHshment of the will and pleasure of the said L. Eobert, ac cording to the greate trust in them reposed for the altera^on of such bondages and extremities which the said tenants p'sently stande in danger of and to remove from them and their assignes hereafter such bondages, feeblenes of estate, scruplenes, and doubtes as are mani festly obiected against their dissents and inheritance of the said landes in euery of their possessions which they now claime to have by inheritance before recited. And most of all for the performance of their better goodvrills and services vnto his honor, to be firmely obliged and assured for ever, vpon deliberat consideta9on and good advisement have agreede and assented one the behalfe, and for the said L. Eobert and in his Lordshipps name to accept receive and take for his Lordships vse the said offers, gifts, and grauntes, before men9oed. And also the said Cemissioners, in behalfe and for the said L. Eobert, and in his Lordshipps name doe promise that vpon a particular booke or verdict to bee made and yealded vpp by the verdict of the Juries now sworne for the surveing of the premisses or some other Sufficient Jurye within the said Lordshipp vnto the said Steward pr vnto the said Comissioners of every tenants lands and po'ssions within the said Lordshipp, w''' they have by title or colour of any estate of inheritance, and whereof they bee now in po'ssion ac cordingly tp gether with such inoroachments and incroached landes as they and every of them have made vpon that pretended estate of inheritance. That the said L. Eobert shaU make vnto every tenant soe to be named and men9oned in the said bepke pr verdict see good, sure, and perfeict conveiance in the Lawe, in ffee simple, as the Coun cell learned to be appointed as is before recited shalbe devised and advised, with a reasonable Comon of Pasture as by the said Charter is graunted and given reserving vnto the said L. Eobert and his heires and assignes such Eents in every of the said assurances as the booke of verdict shaU expresse, soe that in the whole the same Eents doe and wiU amount yearlie of revival vnto the some of three hundreth thbtie an three poundes sixe shillings and eight pence p. ann. over and above the yearely rents and p'misses now answered and payed. And that the Seignories and services ofthe said tenants and other the reservagons Eoialties, suits of Court, and service before menaced for the vse of the said L. Eobert and his heires. And soe that the demeasne landes, the Parkes of moelewig, Snodiock, Castell parke, and Postyn paike, fforests, Com' ons, woods,' water-pooles, fishings, and aU other lands, called escheate lands, and pther hereditaments whatsoever which nowe bee in lease or haue bene ui lease since the first daye of the Eaigne of the Late king Henry the vij"', and therby possessed or enioyed be not touched or intcrmedled. And the said Com'issioners aforesaid in the behalfe and for the said L. Eobert AND ITS LOEDSHIP. 113 doe also promise that euery bondeman, vUlain, bonde woman, and wifes, nowe beinge within the same Seignorie and thebe sequeUs shall have, at his or theb reasonable request and suite to bee made vnto the said Lorde Eobert or the said Comissioners, a sufficient manu9on or dip- charge of their bonde for them and theb sequells for ever ; without any fine or some of money to be payed thereforr, other then theb contributions for theb partes vpon the rates before recited. Jn wit- nesse of the faithful, true, and vnfayned performance of all and si'gular the p'misses and euery part before menfoed to bee well and truly performed observed and kept, asweU the said Comissioners, one the behalfe and for the said L, Eobert, haue to the one parte of this wri tinge indented put to their seales and subscribed theb names : As also the said atturneys and factors, one the behalfe and for the said tenants and inhabitants, haue putto theb seales and subscribed their names the said sixe & twentieth daye of September in the sixt yeare of the Eeigne of our said souereigne Lady Elizabeth by the Grace of God of Englande, ffrance, and Irelande, Queene defender of the faithj'etc." The reader wUl perceive that although Pennant is correct as to a gift being made, and the raising of the rents, these facts have been exaggerated very greatly ; the gift being only one thousand pounds, instead of two thousand ; while the augmentation of rent could not have been much more than pne half the amount laid down by Pennant. Q CHAPTER XL PAETIOTJLAES OF DENBIGH — EXTENT AND TALUE OF THE LOEDSHIP, AFTEE THE DEATH OF THE EAEL OF LEICISTEE, A. D. 1590. (Lansdowne MS. No. 62,/ 218, — Brit. Museum.) Eighte honorable and my good L., my dewtie moste humbly re- membred. Maye it please yo' good L. tobe advertyzedthatsythence the delyverye of the laste bookes for Denbighe unto yo' L. Ther is come to my hands a p'fecte survaye of the tearme lands and de- measnes tantum w"'in everie severall co'mott, w"*" booke, so soone as gpd shaU make me hable to attende yo' E. I vriUdelyveruntDyo'L, In the meane tyme I have thoughte good to advertyze yo' L. that the number of acres as they ar su'med upp in this survaye doo amounte unto vj"" dcc Ixvij acres besydes DCCO or a thowzande acres more w""" weare founde by Inquisi9on to be deteyned from my L. of Leicester not longe before his L. deathe, for w""" the ten'nis entered into coveunte by Indentur w"^*" his L. to paye unto him xij-^li, (£1200.) Theise tearme lands wyU yelde xx"'' yeares p'chase at the leaste, excepte it be some smale quantetye w"'" is of late ymproved to an extreame racte rente. And a greate deale of money wyU be made thereof towards the purchase of y' Lordshipp' (if hir Ma"° please to depte w"" the inherytance thereof to the p'ticuler ten'nts thereof) and yet the rente nowe answered maye be reserved uppon their charters, and see the yeerlye valew styll helden on foott. But my good L. I wishe not that anye p'te ofthe demeasnes nor these terme lands w""" adjoyne to the castell shold be severed from the howse, for it weare pyttye so to dysmember a Seignprye pf so greate state, mauredd (mowreddy), precincte, and jurisdic9on. I humblye prase yo' good L. to favor and remember my suyte made unto yo' h. towchinge my ofiice an the reaste, wherin my good La. and Mris the Cowntes pf Leicester hathe sundry tymes enteeated yo' honorable favor, for the w""" hir La. wyll be beholdinge and my selfe in aU dewtie greatUe bownden to yo' good L. doo moste hum blie take my leave of yo' B. Lynolones Jnne 24 Aug. 1590. Yo' good L. readie at co'maundem' W. Spaeke. AND ITS LOEDSHIP. 115 Bobti. nup. nup. Qre' what was ye old rents of assise, what was y« new rents made by. ye Brl. ofLicest'. • Dominiu' de Denbighe val. in. Nota.— nl- ye. rent is xx.'- ret. for Kilforn p'ke claymed by Th. SaUsbury. A Court called ye town Court. A Court baro' and lete for ye lord. DCCCX.'i. iij.s. viij.d. (a) COM. DENBIGHE. — Parccll. terror, et possessionu. Comitis Leicestr. ac quond'm p'cell. terror, et Gomit. Marchie. "Bedd. assie' Ubor. tenentiu' infra bur-" gum et villam de Denbighe . . vj."- iij.s, Bedd. assie' Ubor. tenentiu' infra como- tum de Kymm,erche cxxj.Zi. Bedd. assie' Ubor. tenentiu' infra co'motum de Issallett ceviiij.''- Bedd. assie' infra sep'ales co'motos de Istulas. Ucholett. et Uchdulas Ubor. tenentum' ib'm . . cccxiUj.Z?'. Ui.s. viij.cZ. Bedd. terror, dnicaliu' dimiss. tenen' ib'm ad termin' annor. Sf ad volunta' tem ac aliar. terror, ad termin' annor. dimissor cxI.Zj. '^vij.s. Perquisit. Our. infra ¦villam et dniu' de Denbieghe co'ibz annis .... xx.Z«'.^ whereof (2%MS.) — To be deducted for Tho. Manneryngg annuetie who marryed M'garet o' of j" heares of Edw. bullar, yf the chardge be good in lawe-xxTJ"- xUj.s. Uij.eZ. More for the rente of Penmen and LlysTayen recPTcred from the Lordeshipp by hir Ma"' the laste tearme v"- for y' this was not p'cell of y° manor Et sic of Denbighe. Eemanet Clare . . . Dcc.uj.^"- xviij.Zi. x.s. m^.d. (b) Towardes the supplye of the said valewe deducted owt of the totall. 1. — It is to be considered that the escheated landes in the chardge of thexcheator of the said Lordeshippe (as I ame euformed) weare never accompted for in the chardge of the of the revenew afforesaid, but only in the p'tioaler accompte of the said Excheator. The valewe of the escheated lands (beinge settled) wyU o( Denbtgrye wcU be .worthe xv"- p' annum. Moste p'te of theise landes wyU be concealed except the said escheator be weU looked intp, for my selfe haue hadd thexamyna;9on pf the badd praotyze aUreadie used by the said Esoheatpr & pthers tp ccnceale the said lands, besydes it is thoughte j" mpste p'te pf the arrerag's of the sayd lands wyll faU owt to be in thexcheators hands. 2. — ^Also the proffytts of the ffaiers and marketts w*in the said towne of Denbighe in toU and stallage beeinge at the leaste worthe xx"- p' annu'. The said towne have aUwaies receyved the same, ¦ali. Qr.fora ^ut I coldo never see that they hadd warrant eyther by ii.tfattu'to. hordes of theb charter or otherwise to receyve the same. * The marginal notes and the memoranda at the end are in Lord Burleigh's handwriting, and not always clear. 116 EECOEDS OP DENBIGH. And if they hadd it by force of theb charter, yet nowe their charter is overthrowen by judgem'- in a Quo warranto and so cleerlye tbe proffitts of the said fai ers and m'ketts in hb Ma"'- 3. — Also ther was founde by verditt in my Lorde of Leicesters lyefe tyme, diverse tearme lands concealed by diverse of the free- landscOTceaiea holdcrs for w""" the ten'nts hy composicon shold have '"''"¦ payed my L. xij."^"- In considera9on whereof my L. was to have passed to the ten'nts the feesymple of the said landes. But before anye estate made unto them, or before the money paid by them, Therle (c) dyed, and so theise lands maye be disposed towards" the supplye of the said valewe deducted. 4. — Memorand. that the advowson ofthe p'sonage of Denbighe is in her Ma" gyfte (as I ame euformed) And is end'wedpf avicoar, w""", as I ame alsp enfprmed, is of the presenta9on of the Bysshopp. what they ar in valewe I knowe not. (d) 5. — Memorand. also y' the p'ke of Gorsnodiocke p'cell ofthe said demeasnes was stored w* deere in my L. lyefe tyme and at the tyme of his deathe and the ten'nt thereof bownde tp keepe a nomber of deere certen over & aboTC his rente. 6. — Nota, y' I have not sett dovme the ofiicers fees amongeste the rents and chardges resclute & payable owt of the sayde manner, for that the said officers hadd no patents or other securitye thereof but at wyll, and also for that moste of the said officers & fees maye weU be removed & deducted if the Lordeshipp, come to hb Ma"- Tho. sariebury hauds. ffor fyrstc whear the offycer of Eeceyver had a recener. fgg ^f xiij"- vj»- vUj*- p' aunu' the said Lordeshipp maye xiji. VJJ.TI.J . ^^.^g i^g ^ .j.^g receipte of hb Ma'*- Eeceyver of North Wales & so the said fee saved. If exte thexcheator, who had v"- fee Tho. chaiiyuer p' anuu' mayc be dischardged and that place supplyed by Each'etr, vK. j^jg jy^g^ts. exchcato' of thc Shier or eies by the Bayliffs of the Lordeshipp of Denbighe, and sp hb Ma"°- shaU be beaste D. EUis stewj. awnswered pf aU casuaU prpffytts grpwing by the said iiijii. pffyce. The lyke cprse for other unnecessary offcers. ^^te wiyn xK. j^ota, that the fee of the Stewarde was inj"- p' annu', and MoyceapTho. ^]jg fggg of the bayUffc in all not above x"- W. Spaeee. The Q Maty is to pay to j' M'ohants interest for ye first yer j.m. vj° befor y= x^ of Dece'ber vij,K. 2 yer j,m. vj" befor ye last of March vij.K. di yer viij." I. befor y" last of October viyli. Parks w"- the L of De'high. Gorsnodyoke p'ke w' deare, out of les, (e) j" herbage is let for x"- Castell p'ke disp'ked and lett & Moyelewycke p'ke fro' yer to yer . . 1"- in les to Hutte is xx''- KiUthorn . . AND ITS LOEDSHIP. 117 Midleto' shuld pay to y° m'cha'ts viii.m.") The Q. Ma'^ to pay .... x.m. p™j.»j. ,.mde. iij.OT. befo' y" e'd of hUl. term, and ij.OT. befor' y° end of Ester, and iij.wj. mich' (f) X.""- iij.w. at o' lad. day ") Uj.OT. befor' Trinit. term >¦ Towards iiij,»j. befor' ) this if it x.m. inde ij.m. viij.e. be viij.c. there remayneth vij.m. ij.c. will be ij.m. at o' Lad. daye. and for arr. of a co'posit. viij.c. So must be p*- viij. OT. & vij. w. ... xv.m. (Endorsed) Aug' 1590. Denbighe, A p'ticuler of the yeerly valewe of Denbighe. for viij yers, vij""- iiij"- xHj"- j»- iiij*- (g) for 9 rend j"°- ij"- xxiiij''- xij'" Bememhraunces toching Denbigh cawse. When her Ma"* hath signed her pajt of the Indentur, the same saicsb,4Co'. to bc kept by my L. Tresorer, untiU Mr. SaHsburies and p't. Mr Conwaie have sealed and knowledged theb parte of those Indentures, and sealed a band of m.m"- to p'forme the cove- n'nts and then to passe the seale. That this bonde uppon a new bonde to be taken by the Co'missioners Abo'aotij.m. of thosc parties and other sufficient sureties such and in such so'me as the L. Th'rer shaU aUowe of to her Ma" use, for the p'formaunce of the coven'nts, and retorned into thexcheq', this bonde of m.m"- to be redelyvered. . That yt male please my L. Th'rer to consider of fytt Co'mission's to , comiasonars:, dcalc iu this causc, first to survaie the demeane & terme lands, then to appor9on the rent of ccxxx"- yereUe uppon the de meane and terme lands, according to the Indentures, and such averplus as shall fall out more then that, if anie be, ratably uppon eche ten'nt of that lande. Then to assesse what fine eache ten'nt shaU paie for his demeane & Awess.ojt^rme landes, so as inthe whole yt male amount unto *"''' vUj.m.Z*. for the same. Then that those Co'missioners certifie into the excheq' w"" expedi9on ceiMcatof ye the suTvaie w"" the rates for the fines and rents of Chic'™ ^° everie severall tenement, uppon everie several ten'nt. Then the L. Th'rer to sett downe the time of payment for those Te tymes of fyucs, and to geve ordes for the assuraunce to be geven (y'S,™' °' ^' to her Ma"= for these severall fynes, pcccrding tp thpse * times. And theiuppon the leases to passe. J. Popham. 118 EECOEDS OF DENBIGH. (Endorsed.) To the Eighte Honorable my good Lorde the L. Tresorer of England. A Survay of y" terme lands & demesnes of Denbigh. Aug'- 1590. Eemembrances towching Denbigh cause. Aug'- 1590. (a) £810 3s. 8d. (b) £778 10s. 4d. (c) The Eari. (d) In the former work, (A. Sf M. Denbigh, p. 351,) is a Latin charter transcribed from Brown WilUs, purporting to be a grant of the advowson of Denbigh to the See of St. Asaph, in A. t). 1313, by Philip Mortimer, Earl of March : but since, the author's attention has been called, by two antiquarian correspondents, to the fact that no such perspn as Philip, Earl pf March, (2 Edward II.) ever existed, (e) Lease, (f) £10,000. (g) £1,4,4^2 Is. 4d. CHAPTER XII OEIGINAL CHAETEE, IN NOEMAN FEENOH, PEESEETED AMONGST THE EECOEDS OF THE COEPOEATION OF DENBIGH.— ANTE A.D. 1290. (For a Translation ond history, Sfc. of this Charter, see A. Sf M. Denbigh, p. 301-309. It is interesting also as a fine " legal" speci men of the languoge spoken at the Court of England in Nor man times. The words contracted in the original are given in extenso by the transcriber, Albert Woy, Esq., F.A.S. In the first word, the initial Hhas heen here supplied, a space appearing ob viously left for a rubricated or illuminated initial, which may have become effaced by time. [HJenei de Lacy, Counte de Mcole, Conestable de Cestre, Seig- nur de Eoos et de Eowynioke, A toux ceux qui cest escrit verrount ou orront, salutz. Sachiez nous avoir done et graunte, et par ceste notre presente charfcre conferme, a WiUiame du Pountfreit deux burgages en la vUle de Dynehieghe dedenz les murs, et deux cur- tUages en Dynehieghe dehors les murs, et deux bovees de terre od les apurtenaunces en Lewenny. A Adam de Swynemore un burgage en Dynehieghe dedenz les murs, et un curtilage en Dynehieghe dehors les murs, et un bovee de terre od les apurtenaunces en Astret Canon. A Eichard de Sheresworthe un burgage en Dyne hieghe dedenz les murs, et un curtilage en Dynehieghe dehors les mm-s, et une bovee de terre od les apurtenaunces en Lewenny. A WiUiame Pedeleure un burgage en Dynehieghe dedenz les murs et un curtUage en Dynehieghe dehors les murs, et une bovee de terre od les apurtenaunces en Lewenny. A Adam del Banke deux bur gages en Dynehieghe dedenz les murs, et deux curtUages en Dynehieghe dehors les murs, et deux curtilages en Dyne- bieghe dehors les murs, et deux bovees de terre od les apurtenances en Lewenny. A Johan de Westmerland un burgage en Dynehieghe dedenz les murs, et un curtUage en Dynehieghe dehors les murs, et une bovee de terre od les apurtenaunces en Lewenny. A Thomas de Hultone un burgage en Dynehieghe dedenz les murs, et un cur tilage od les apurtenaunces en Dynehieghe dehors les murs. A meisme celui Thomas un burgage en Dynehieghe dedenz les murs, et un curtilage en Dynehieghe dehors les murs, et une bovee de terre od les apurtenaunces en Lewenny. A Adam de Castelford deux Burgages en Dynehieghe dedenz les murs, et deux curtilages en Dynehieghe dehors les murs, et une bovee de terre od les 120 EECOEDS OF DENBIGH. apurtenaunces en Lewenny. A WUUame le palefraymen un burgage en Dynehieghe dedenz les murs, et un curtUage en Dyne hieghe dehprs les murs, et une bovee de terre bd les apurtenaunces en KUfur. A Pieres le fitz Eobert le clerke un burgage en Dyne hieghe dedenz les murs, et un curtUage en Dynehieghe dehors les murs, et une bovee de terre od les apurtenaunces en Lewenny. A Eichard de Bernesleghe un burgage en Dynehieghe dedenz les murs et un curtilage en Dynehieghe dehors les murs, et une bovee de terre od les apurtenaunces en Astret Canon. A Thomas Pye un burgage en Dynehieghe dedenz les murs, et un curtilage en Dynehieghe de hors les murs, et une bovee de terre od les apurtenaunces en Lewen ny. A Anable de Blakeburne un burgage en Dynehieghe dedenz les murs, et un curtilage en Dynehieghe dehors les murs, et une bovee de terre od les apurtenaunces en Lewenny. A Johan de Swynemore un burgage en Dynehieghe dedenz les murs, et un cur tUage en Dynehieghe dehors les murs, et une bovee de terre od les apurtenaunces en Astret canon. A Wautier le fuitz Egline un bur gage en Dynehieghe dedenz les murs, et un curtUage en Dynehieghe dehors les murs, et une bovee de terre od les apurtenaunces en Astret Canon. A Johan de Adelingtone un burgage en Dynehieghe dedenz les murs, et un curtUage en Dynehieghe dehors les murs, et une bovee de terre od les apurtenaunces en Lewenny. A Eobert fe fitz Thomas du Pountfreit un burgage en Dynehieghe dedenz les murs, et un curtUage en Dynehieghe od les apurtenaunces dehors les murs. A WUUame de Stayneburne un burgage en Dynehieghe dedenz les murs, et un curtUage en Dynehieghe dehors les murs, et une bovee de terre od les apurtenaunces en Lewenny. A Alisaundre de Donecastre un burgage en Dynehieghe dedenz les murs, et un curtilage en Dyne hieghe dehors les murs, et une bovee de terre od las apurtenaunces en Lewenny. A Agneyse la fiUe Eichard de Hickelinge un burgage en Dynehieghe dedenz les murs, et un curtUage en Dynehieghe de hors les murs, et une bovee de terre od les apurtenaunces en Lewenny. A Thomas le fuitz Thomas du Pountfreit un burgage en" Dynehieghe dedenz les murs, et im curtUage en Dynehieghe de hors les murs, et une bovee de terre od ies apurtenaunces en Lew enny. A Johan le fuitz Eoger le Qieu un burgage en Dynehieghe dedenz les murs, et un -curtUage en Dynehieghe dehors les murs, et une bovee de terre od les apurtenannces en Lewenny. A Henri le Clerke un burgage en Dynehieghe dedenz les murs, et mi cm'tUage en Dynehieghe dehors les murs, et une bovee de terre odles apurte naunces en Lewenny. A Johan de WUbreley un burgage Dyne hieghe dedenz les murs, et un curtilage en Dynehieghe dehors les murs, et une bovee de terre od les apurtenaunces en Lewenny. A Pieres le TaUlour un burgage en Dynehieghe dedenz les murs, et un curtilage en Dynehieghe dehors les murs. et une bovee de terre od les apurtenaunces en Lewenny. A Henri du Wyce un burgage en Dynehieghe dedenz les murs, et un curtilage en Dynehieghe dehors les murs, et une bovee de terre od les apurtenaunces en Astret Canon. A Johan de Symundeston un burgage en Dynehieghe dedenz les AND ITS LOEDSHIP. 121 murs, et un curtilage en Dynehieghe dehors les murs, et une bovee de terre od les apurtenances en Wickewere. A Johan de Mostone un burgage en Dynehieghe dedenz les murs, et un curtUage en Dynehieghe dehors les murs, et une bovee de terre od les apurte nances en Lewenny. A mesme celui Johan un burgage od les apurtenances en Dynehieghe dedenz les murs. A Thomas del Peke im burgage en Dynehieghe dedenz les_murs, et un curtilage od les apurtenaunces en Dynehieghe dehors les murs. A WUUame Bas- kete un burgage en Dynehieghe dedenz les murs, et un curtilage en Dynehieghe dehors les murs, od les apurtenaunces. A WUUame le fuitz Griffri un burgage en Dynehieghe dedenz les murs, et un cur tilage od les apurtenaunces dehors les murs. A Adam de Cathertone un burgage en Dynehieghe dedenz les murs, et un curtilage od les apurtenances dehors les murs. A Alayn de Brereleghe un burgage en Dynehieghe dedenz les murs, et uu curtilage od les apurtenaunces en Dynehieghe dehors les murs. A Johan de Eosse un burgage en Dynehieghe dedenz les murs, et un curtUage od les apurtenaunces en Dynehieghe dehors les murs. A sbe "WilUame de la Montaigne, (Montaigne ?) persone, deux burgages en Dynehieghe dedenz les murs, et deux curtUages od les apurtenaunces en Dynehieghe dehors les murs. A meisme celui sbe WUUame un burgage od les apurte naunces en Dynebiegh dedenz les murs. A Eichard de Dokeworthe un burgage en Dynehieghe dedenz les murs, et un curtilage en Dyne hieghe dehors les murs, et une bovee de terre od les apurtenances en Astret Canon. A Eobert de Eccleisale un burgage en Dynehieghe dedenz les murs, et un curtUage en Dynehieghe dehors les murs, et ime bovee de terre od les apurtenaunces en Astret Canon. A Eaufe del Peke un burgage en Dynehieghe dedens les murs, et un curtUage od les apurtenaunces en Dynehieghe dehors les murs. A Eichard Pygote un burgage en Dynehieghe dedenz les inurs, et un curtUage en Dynehieghe dehors les murs, et une bovee de terre od les apurte naunces en Beringe. A Eobert de Chbche une bovee de terre od les apurtenaunces en Lewenny, et a les treis fillies Eynnon de Lode- lowe une bovee de terre od les apurtenances en Lewenny. A avob et a tenb a eaux et a lour hebs, et a lour assignez Engleys de- morauntz en lavauntdite -ville de Dynehieghe dedenz les murs, de nous et de noz hebs par les condicions soutzescrites. Cest assavoir que chescun des avaunditz Burgeis, WiUiame du Pountfreit, Adam de Swynemore, Eichard de Sheresworthe, WiUiame Pedeleure Adam del Banke, Johan de Westmerlond, Thomas de Hultone, Adam de Castelford, WUUame le Palefreimon, Pieres le fitz Eobert le Clerke, Eichard de Bernesleghe, Thomas Pye, Anable de Blakeburne, Johan de Swynemore, Walter le fitz Egline, Johau de Adelingtone, Eobert le fuitz Thomas du Pountfreit, "WiUiame de Stayneburne, Alisaundre de Donecastre, Agneyse la fiUe Eichard de HickeUnge, Thomas le fitz Thomas du Pountfreit, Johan le fuitz Eoger le Qieu, Henri le Clerke, Johan de WUberle, Pieres le TaUlour, Henri del Wyce, Johan de Symundestone, Johan de Mostone, Thomas del Peke, WUUame Baskete, WUliam le fuitz Griffri Adam de Cathertone, Alayn de E 122 :^EGOEDS OF DENBIGH. Brereleghe, Jphan de Eosse, Sire WUHam de la Montaigne, persone Eichard de Dokewortlqe, Eobert de Ecclesale, Eaufe del Peke, et Eichard Pygote, et les hebs ou les assignez de chescun de eaux Engleys, troverpunt un hpmme defensable en lavaundite ville de Dynehieghe dedenz les murs a la garde et al defens de lavaundite ville de Djruebieghe, pur chescun Burgage et curtUage avauntnomez. Et eeaux qui tieneut fors que bovees soulement ferront les sendees qa bovees apendent. Et rendaunt a nous et a noz hebs par an chescun des Burgeys avauntnomez et les heirs de chescun de eaux ou les assignez de chescun de eaux Engleis avaunditz, un doner a Noel en noun de Housgable pur chescun des Burgages et curtUages avaunditz. Hors pris Sbe WUUame de la Mountaigne person, qui paera a Noel avauntnome, pur les Burgages et curtilages avaunditz, cesze deners, Johan de Mostone a meisme le terme pur un Burgage qatre deners, Eichard de Dokeworthe a meisme le terme pur un Burgage et un curtUage dusze deners, B.obert de Ecclesale a meisme le terme pur un Burgage et un curtilage dousze deners, et Eaufe del, Peke a meisme le terme pur un Burgage et un curtilage deux soudz. Et ensement rendaunt a nous et a noz heyrs chescun de eaux avauntditz qui bovees tieneut, et les hebs de chescun de eaux et les assignez Engleis de chescun de eaux avauntditz, pur cheSeune des bovees avauntdites severaument, qaraunte deners par an, Cest as savoir vint deners a la feste de Pentecouste, et vint deners a la feste Seynt Michiel, horspris Eichard de Shoresworth, Adam de Kendale, Johan de Westmerlaund, Johan de Adelingtone, Wautier le fitz EngUne, Henri le Clerce, Eobert de Ecclessale, et Henri del Wyce, les quieux rendront a nous et a noz hebs chescun par sey les deners de housgable avauntnomez par an taunt come il vyveut, et apres lour decesser lour heirs ou lour assignez et les hebs de lour heyrs, et les heyrs de lour assignez Engleis, chescun par sei rendront a nous et a noz heirs par an, pur chescune bovee avauntdite, qaraunte deners a les termes avauntditz, et ja du maynz pur les Burgages et les curtUages les deners de housgable avauntnomez al terme avauntdit. Et ensement fait assavoir qe les heirs et les assignez, et les heyrs de lour assignez Engleis de trestoux les Burgeis aTauntaomez rend- rount a nous et a noz hebs le primier an apres la morte lour auncestres, pur les Burgages et pur les curtilages nn dener en noun de EeUefe. Et les heirs, et les assignez, et les heirs des assignez, de toux ceux qui bovees tienent, rendront a nous et a noz hebs le primier an apres la morte lour auncestres pur chesune bovee qaraunte deners en noun de EeUefe. Hors pris ceo qe les heirs et les assignez de le avauntdit Sire WUUame, et les heyrs de ses assignez, rendront a nous et a noz heirs le primer an apres la morte lour auncestres pur les Burgage et curtilage cesze deners en noun de EeUefe ; les heirs et les assignez Johan de Mostone rendront a nous et a noz hebs le primer an apres la morte lour auncestres pur son Burgage quatre deners en noun de EeUefe ; les heirs et les assignez Eichard de Dokeworthe rendront a nous et a noz heirs le primer an apres la morte lour auncestres pur les Burgage et curtilage dusze deners en AND ITS LOEDSHIP. 123 noun de Eeliefe ; es heirs et les assignez Eobert de Ecclessale rend rount a nous et a noz hebs le primer an apres la morte lour aunces tres pur les avauntditz burgage et curtilage dusze deners en noun de Eeliefe, et les heirs et les assignz Eaufe del Peke rendrount a nous et a noz hebs le primer an apres la morte lour auncestres pur son Burgage et son curtilage deux soudz en noun de Eeliefe. Et si nul des avauntdites Burgeys ou ses hebs ou ses assignez ovauntditz faiUe ou faillent de garder et defendre par lui ou par homme defensable la dite viUe de Dynehieghe sicome est avauntdit, bien lirra a nous et a noz heirs,et a ceaux qui serrount seignurs du ohastel de Dynehieghe, chescun Burgage et cuitilage et bovee de terre avauntditz en noz mayns [ou] en lour mayns seisir et retenir, par la ou le servise desus dit ne soit pas pleynement fait, issi qe si ceaux qui faUlent del aTauntdit servise, ou certein homme defensable pur eaux ne veigne ou ne veignent dedenz lan et le jour al dit servise fabe, et assietz fabe de les arerages del dit servise qarere sount, de- mem-gent les Burgages curtUages et bovees de terre od les apurte nances a nous et a noz heirs, de fabe ent notre volente a toux jours. Et estre ceo nous avoms graunte pur nous et pur noz heyrs qe noz Burgeis avauntditz, et lour hebs et lour assignez avauntditz, eyent housbote, et haybote en le boys quest appele Cardelewenny, cest assavoir du chemin qui va de Denebieghe au pount Griffyn jusques a Elewey, par vewe de noz forestiers. Et estre ceo nous avoms graunte a les avauntditz Burgeis et a lour hebs et a lour assignez avauntditz la commune de pasture a lour propres bestes levauntz et couchauntz en meisme la ville de Dynebeighe, od fraunke entre et issue en lavauntdit boys issi qe eaux en temps vuerte communent od les autres fraunks hommes de Lewenny apres bledz et feyns em- portez. Et nous volom« et grauntoms pur nous et pur noz heirs qe chescun Burgeis qui tient burgage en lavaundite viUe de Dynehieghe dedenz les murs eyt ses pores fraunks de paunage en lavauntdit bpys en temps de paunage, cest assavob de la feste seynt Michiel usque la feste seint Martin, et si pluis de pores eyent, paent come les autres du pays fount. Sauve a nous et a noz heirs notre foreste, notre garenne, et t6tes les choses que a foreste et a garrenne apendent, et tote manere de oyseaux qui autres oyseaux pernent. Et toux les Burgeis manauntz en la ville de Dynehieghe dedenz les murs et lour hebs et lour assignez avauntditz moudrount lour bledz et lour brees a noz molins de Dynehieghe et de Astret al vintisme vassel. Et toux les avauntditz burgeis et lour hebs et lour assignez avauntditz qui naverount propre fiime, furnbont a notre commun furne dedenz meisme la vUk. Estre ceo nous avoms graunte a les avauntditz Burgeis, et a lour hebs, et a lour assignez avauntditz, qUs soyent fraunks de Tolune et de estalage par totes noz terres de Gales et D'Engleterre. Et qils eyent les attachementz de lour burgeis dedenz la vUle, ensemblement od la garde de la prison dedenz la viUe, sauve a nous et a noz heirs les pledz, les amerciementz, les Eaun90uns, et le Juyse, et totes les choses qa Juyse apendent. Et nous et noz hebs les avauntditz Burgages, curtilages, Bovees de terre od les 124 EECOEDS OF DENBIGH. apurtenaunces, communes, et paunages, et totes les autres fraunehises avauntdites, a les avauntditz Burgeys, WUUame, Adam, Eichard, WiUiame, Adam, Johan, Thomas, Adam, WUUame, Pieres, Eichard, Thomas, Anable, Johan, Wautier, Johan, Eobert, WiUiame, Alisaundre, Agneyse, Thomas, Johan, Henri, Pieres, Henri, Johan, Johan, Thomas, WiUiame, WUUame, Adam, Alayn, Johan, Sire WUHam, Eichard, Eobert, Eaufe, Eichard, Eobert, et les treis filUes Eynnon de Lodelowe, et a lour heirs et a lour assignez avauntditz, warauntboms et par lavauntdite servise defendroms autaunt avaunt come notre seignur le Eoy Dengleterre et ses heyrs nous warauntbont noz terres en Gales. En tesmoigne de quieux choses a la partie de cest escrit cyrograffe demoraunte vers les ditz Burgeys et lour heirs et lour assignez avauntditz avoms fait mettre notre seal, et lautre partie demoraunte vers nous et vers nos heirs, les avauntditz Bur geis pur eaux et pur lour heirs unt mys lour seals. A ceaux tesmoignes, Monsbe Johan Grey, Sire Johan Dargentyn, Sire Eobert de Shirlaund, Chivalers ; Sire WiUiame de Nony, Thomas de Eissheburne, Sbe William la persone de Dynehieghe, Eobert de Bynecestre, WUHam de Caldecotes, Gron. Tacch^ Griffr' ap Eees, et autres. [ L.S.] [The seal, now much damaged, is appended by two laces of silk; one red, the other green, forming a plaited cord of four strands ; the impression is on hard white wax. Obteese. — The mounted figure of Henry de Lacy, the inscription lost, hut from other impressions ofhis seal it appeors to have been — " S' Henrici de Loci Comitis Lincolnie et Constahvlor' Cestr'." On the Eeteese, is an impression ^ ofthe SECEETiTM, on bright red wax imbedded in the white — siGii- LTM SECEETI.] A List of Charters granted to the Borough of Denbigh by various Sovereigns. — FVom the evidence ofthe Parliamentary Commissioners. 18 Edward 1 28 August, , 6 Edward III 27 October, . 2 Eichard II 22 February, . 2 Eichard III 10 December, . 1 Henry VII 27 March, . 22 Henry Ylll 20 November,. 5 Edward VI 25 April, 39 Elizabeth 20 June, 14 Charles II 14 May, Several of these are in a fine state of preservation. They are beautiful specimens of ancient penmanship, and the last is Ulumina- -ted with a much admbed miniature portrait of the king. — An abridgement of the " governing charter" is given in A. Sf M. Den- Ugh, p. 119—125. D. .. 1290. '„ 1333. .. 1378-9 .. 1485. .. 1485-6 .. 1531. .. 1552. „ 1597. .. 1662. CHAPTER XIII. COEPOEATE EECOEDS CONTINrED — MUNICIPAL ELECTIONS — CAPITAL BUEGESSES OE COMMON-COUNCILMEN — ALDEEMEN (WHO HAD THE AUTHOEITT OF CHIEF-MAGISTEATES OE MATOES) — BAILIFFS OE BOEOrGH SHEEIFFS — EMINENT PEESONAGES AND FAMILIES IN DENBIGH AND NOETH WALES — MEMOEABLE EVENTS, ETC. The loss of thefirst volume of the Corporate Eegisters, has buried in oblivion the names of the capital burgesses of Denbigh during the long period of three hundred years. The " Second Book" commen ces with A.D. 1596-7. 'The new councU elected under the charter then granted (39 EUzabeth) appears in the author's former work, (A. ^ M. Denbigh, p. 105,) and the Ust of aldermen and baUiffs (at pages 111 and 112, in that vol.) is complete down tp A.D. 1651, so that neither needs repetition here. We, therefore proceed with the long-promised completion of the " Municipal History " — to the passing of the " Corporations' Eeform Act," or rather to the end of Corporation Book II. Section. Common-Councilmen. Insteadof, 1600 John Smythe, vice No record. J602-3 Robert Knowsley, oice Unknown. These two probably succeeded John Mershe and William Knowles, of whose deaths we have no account. 1603, June 27, Robert Salusbury,Bache- graig, vice Alderman Hugh Clough, dead. (See "Life and Times of Sir Thomas Gresham.") 1603, June 27, John Richard Clough,> ^r , ¦ . Aldman.Sc Jao. Matthewe, gent.| ^° ^^'^°'''^ "'"^ ^'"'"'¦ 1604, Jan. 3, Robert Salusbury, son of George Salusbury, viee Alderman Piers Lloyd, deceased. 1605, Feb. 24, John ap Llewelyn, vice Humphrey Doulben, deceased. 1605, Oct. 22, Ffoulke Salusbury, son of Robert Salusbury, gent, vice John Chambres, deceased. 1606, Sept. 29, John Latham, gent, vice Thos. Lloyd Rosindale, deceased. 1606, Dec. 5, Edward Salusbury, vice. . . Hugh Hughes, deceased. The latter was treasurer for the Corporation for nine years. 126 EECOEDS OF DENBIGH. 1607, Dec. 21, John Salusbury, vice ... Alderman Robt. Salusbury, dead. 1611, Sept. 16. Ffoulke Panton, (see p 65,) vice Humffrey Clough, deceased. 1612, Sept. 25, Anthony Mathewe, Unendraper, vice Hugh Piggott, deceased. Lloyd of Wickwer. — John Lloyd, of Wick wern, Esq., swom burgess in 1611. Mem. — Mysterious burial of Sir John Salusbury. — " Uppon Fridaye, being the xxivth daie of July, about ten of the clocke in y« morning, Syr John Salusbrie of Lleweni, in y' County of Den bigh, Knt., ffather of Mr Henrie Salusburie of Beraine, grandson to Catrin Heiress of Beraine , who maried y' daughter of Svr Thomas Myddelton of Chbk Castle, knight, died att his House of Lleweni, and as reporte (d) was buried that night. Mem. — Be itt further remembered, that upon Sondaie the fourthe daye of October, 1612, the Funerall of y" saide Syr John Salsbury was cele brated. — MS. Diary of Piers Roberts of Bron-hwyha, Begistrar of St. Asaph, began 1572." — According to Collin's Baronetage, (Edit. 1720,) " Sb John the Strong died in 1613." But here it is evident that this must involve an anachronism or confusion of persons. " Syr John y Bodiau," the modern Sampson of popular legend, was born in the time of Henry VIL, was a page of the court of Henry VIIL, and died about 20 Elizabeth. See Salusbury Poems, at the close of chapter on Lleweny. WUliam Myddelton, the Poet, was stUl Hving, (not dead ante 1603, A. Sf M. Denbigh, p 161,) as is proved by the wUl of his brother, Eobert Myddelton, of London, merchant, who leaves him a legacy of £50 ; besides his bequests to the GuUds of Mercers, Smiths, Weavers, Glovers, Corvisors, &c., at Denbigh. 1613, April 15, ffrancis Twyston, vice.., Richard Clough, deceased. This ffrancis Twyston appears to have been a leading member of the Company of Mercers, and was the Alderman Twyston of 1620. See notice of the Cloughs at the end of this chapter. In De Beckle's time, Peter de Twysiltoa, was a tenant of the township of Bodeiliog, in the vicinity of Denbigh — probably from the reign of Edward I. And for upwards of 500 years we find tho name, Twiston, Twyston, Twisdon, Twisleton, &o. connected with the military, munioipali and parochial history of Denbigh. The late Lieut. Twiston, eon of John Twiston, Esq., miyor of Den» high, deceased, was the last male representative [of thia very old family. — " A.D. 1618, upon the thirde of Julye, one Jane ffirst wieff of ffrancis Twiston, mercer, havinge XI children (livinge at the time of her deceape) was hurried, and Mr Evan Morrys, vicar of Llanevydd, made a funerall sermon." — P. Roberta Diary, 1613 William Barker, wee John Pryse, aZias Price, aKo» ap Rees, resigned. Pryse was a master smith-— and an enterprising member of the Company of Hammermen — ^but his state became so " decayed," and AND ITS LOEDSHIP. 127 so involved in trpubles and debts, that he was " no longer able to mayntayne the state and dignitie of a cappitall burgesse." 1613 William Merton, mercer, vice ... John Drihurst, gent., deceased. See notice of the Dryhursts in a subsequent page. The Pantons of Senllan.—xvlh of May, 1613, Hugh Panton second sonne to Syr Thomas Panton, clerke, sworn burgess a Evan Panton, sonne of 'William Panton of Henllan, gentleman." — Old Panton Hall, in the town of Denbigh, was in the parish of Henllan ; as well as New Fox Hall. 1613, May 15th, Oliver Lloyd, gent, vice Robert Lathom, deceased. " Lathom Fields," near the town, stiU retain the name. In an old " Cess Book," they are rated with " Payne's Fields near Para dise." — Weavers, mercers, drapers, &c., "assized," with the iron standard yard. " Mem. 1614.— Upon Wednesday, the 1st Feb., 1614, ffoulke Lewys & Elsbeth vch morgan, his wieff were clandestingly married at Denbighe, in y° House of Edward Davydd the Serjiant at mace of y' saide towne." — P. Boberts' Diary. " 1615, Mem. — Upon Saturday, in y" morning of the xxij of Julye, Hugh Pennant, (Brother of Mr Pierce Pennant of Bychdan,) Esq., dyed, being hurt & wounded upon the Head by one Pierce Hughes, upon the mondaie before." — Ibid. These were lawless times, and open acts of atrocity were common. Many wealthy and emiment citizens of London were then proud of the honour of being also freemen of the ancient borough of Den bigh, as " Eobert Myd'elton, cittizen & martchant of London ; Humffrey HaU, citisen, & marchant of London ; Leonard Myd'el ton, cittizen & dier of London ; Benjamin Charke of London, Wil ham Myd'elton, of London, gouldsmyth ; John Eoberts of London, cutler ; Eichard Drihurst of London, haberdasher ; Eobert Newell, cittizen & marchant tayler of London ; John Lewis, cittizen & gouldsmyth of London ; Evan Griffith, cittizen & embroyderer of London ; Edward Pritchard, cittizen & marchant of London ; Ar- beUin Holland, gent., sonne & heire to Hugh HoUand of London, gent.; Moris Lloyd of London, marchant taUer." 1617, Michaelmas, Hugh Drihurst, son of John Drihurst, vice Alderman Eobert Salusbury, dead. This Eobert Salusbury was murdered on the bench, as is said, in the Town HaU, in Denbigh. 1617 Richard Doulben, son of . Humphrey Doulben, vice John Latham, gentleman. 1618, July 22, William Clough, gentle man, vice Alderman William Mereton. " 1618, Mem. — 20 Aprili apud ffliint, the daie & yeare above 12S EECOEDS OF DENBIGH. named, y* Eight Honble. W""- L*- Crompton, Lord President of y" King's marches of Wales, came in Person to view and see the Country, & his trained Souldiers ; beinge in the Assise week there ¦ and soe toDenhighe the nexte weekefoUowinge." — P. Roberts' Diary. 1618, xxvi^A Oct., John Lloyd obtains his freedom gratis, upon the petition of the Eight honourable WiUiam, Lord Crompton, Earl pf Northampton, &c. — Corporate Becords. 1618 John Lloyd, gentleman, vice Unknown. 1618 Thomas Eves, gentleraan, vice ...Unknown. 1619, May 21, John Lloyd, of Wick wer, gent, vice Richard Lloyd, deceased. 1619, Sept. 2-% John Davies, "sonne & eayre" to David Lloyd, ap Evan, gent, vice Richard Donlhen, deceased. 1619 Reynauld Rutter, gent, vice Alderman William Barker, dead. Wynne of Eyafth — " xvjiA Oct. 1619, Thomas 'Wynne of Eyarth, in the county of Denbigh, gent., servant in lyvery to the Eight Wot" Syr Thomas Chamber layne, Knight, chief justice ofChester, &c„ sworn burgess of Denbigh." 1620, March 17, Ffoulk Lloyd, gent. vice Timothie Barker, deceased. 1620 William Davies, viee Unknown. 1621, May 17, Rowland Barker, vice... Charles Myddelton, deceased. " 1621, Mem. — up' Tuesdaie in Easter weeke, beinge the 3rd daie of ApriU, Charles Myddelton, late of the Castle of Denbighe (Bro ther of Syr Thomas Myddelton, Alderman, of London,) was hurried in Eglwys Wen, neere Denbighe. He lefft & bequeathed divers Legacies to charitable uses." — P. Boberts' Diory, Charles Myd delton succeeded his father,. Eichard Myddelton, as govemor of Denbigh Castle, and his will (made in 1620) is a proof of " filial piety" and devptipn, and of the absence of another Christian virtue. He bequeaths five pounds to be laid out on land, to produce five shiUings yearly, to keep in repair the tomb of his fathei* in the south porch of Whitchurch. And if it should not require that out lay every year, the money was to be deposited in the church chest. He leave.; five pounds for the purchase of a sUver communion-cup (still in common use) for the " Chappel of St. Hillary," with the inscription, " Carolus Myddelton, Burgensis Villa de Denbighe, in Honorem Deo me fieri fecit," Also forty shillings for the repair of the church, and forty shillings for four funeral sermons to be preached at Whitchurch in the course of the two years foUovring his death. And also sixty pounds for the poor, to be invested upon security deposited among the archives of the town, the interest to be distri buted to the poor yearly at Christmas. He also left " provision" for his " reputed chUdren," by his concubine, Margaret uch Thomas, alias Salter. He speaks of his (natural) sons Charles and Hugh j his daughter Ann, who was married to John Chambers, and WiUiam his son, whom he appoints his residuary legatee, hoping he would not be compelled to give up his " occupation." AND ITS LOEDSHIP. 129 1621, May 17, William Doulben, mercer, vice ... Oliver Lloyd, deceased. 1621 Nov- 20, Harry Thomas, gent, w'ce Henry Rutter, gent, deceased. 1622, June 13, HughLloydRosindaJe,OTc«Alderman Anthony Mathewe, deceased. Alderman Mathewe left his plate to the corporation for the use of the poor.* 1623, May 27, Ffoulke Salusbury, jun. Unendraper, vice John Mathewe, deceased. 1623, Aug. 14, Richard Drihurst, mercer, vice Ffoulke Salusbury, deceased. 1623 Nov. 20, Robt. Salusbury, sonne of Robt. Salusbury, doctor-at- Lawe vice Richard Price, deceased. In 1619, (xxUj. Sept.) Eobt, Salusbury, esqr., was sworne burgess over " a poteU of wyne," as "sonne of Eobt. Salusbury, esqr., doctor of divynitie." — There was another Eichard Price, holding a seat in the councU in 1625, as " bayUffe," or borough sheriff, of whose election there is no record. The Vaughans, of Groves and Llwydiarth, often figure in the local annals of those times. — Capt. Thomas Vaughan, brother to the Eight Hon'ble Lorde Vaughan, sworne burgesse, xxi Oct. 1623, &c. 1625. — (Bex) mem. — Upon mondaie the iiij. daie of ApriU, our noble Prince Charles was (after the deathe of our late soverigne K. James, King of Engl : ffi-ance, and Irelande, (who dyed upon or about the 27'!' of March laste, as is reported) proclaimed king in the Towne of Denbighe by the Aldermen." — P. Roberts' Diary. At midsummer. Piers Thomas slew his brother, Edward ap Thomas ap John &c., with a bUl-hooke, at Denbighe. 1626. — John Lloyd ap Thomas (Alderman) is supposed to be the same person as " John Lloyd," who was elected capital burgess in 1618, and to be described as " ap Thomas" to distinguish him * The Mathewes of Lleweny, — The notice of the family of Mathewes which ap peared inthe Author's former work, chiefly from Burke s Landed Gentry, has called forth some private criticism, especially from the friendly scrutiniziag pen of Joseph Morris, Esq., of Shrewsbury, who argues that they were in no way con nected with the Mathews of Llandaf, as stated by Burke ; but we have no space 'n this work to open the question, let it suffice that the Author here cancels his "endorsement" of the note, (A. ^ M. Denbigh, p. 113, 114) and has been scru pulously cautious, in the present work, not to draw a fraction upon the credit of Surlie's Landed Gentry, or upon his own " speculations." Others have main tained that the Mathews of Denbigh could have been no more than tenants at Lleweny ; and it has been suggested that, since some of them are described as " of the Forge," they were the first to erect iron-works at Bodfary, as the Mathews of Llandaff were the patriarchal iron-masters of South Wales ; a coincidence which would lead to the inference that they were originally of the same connection. Thi^ however, is mere conjecture, not historical fact. S 130 EECOEDS OF DENBIGH. from his namesake Mr. BaUiff Lloyd of that year, who was " of Wickwer." Dolben of Segrwyd. — xij. Die Augusti, 1626, David Doulben, doc- tor-in-divinitie, one ofthe sonnes o^Eobt. Doulben, of this towne, gent., sworne burgesse, &c. 1629, Jan. 11, William Myddelton, vice Hugh Parry, deceased. 1629, May 3, Richard Doulben, linen- draper vice John Llewelyn, deceased. 1630, Nov. 22, .John Doulben, gentle man, vice Ffoulke Myddelton, Esq, deceased. Ffoulkes Erriviatt. — Piers ffoulkes, gent, sworn burgesses, Sept. 5th, 1630. 1631, Aug. 30, Harry Salusbury, vice Hugh Dryhurst, deceased 1631, Aug. 30, John Eves, gent, vice Ffoulke Panton, deceased. 1631, Oct. 18, Rich. Jjloydivice BaiMRich. Evance, deceased. We have no record of Evance's admission into the councU. 1631,*Dec.l, Hugh Lloyd of Foxhall, Esquire, vice Sir Hugh Myddleton, deceased. Sir Hugh Myddelton, if not the greatest, was certainly one of the best and most eminent men ever connected with the history of London and Denbigh. But will the world believe the fact that Denbigh has proved itself so unworthy of the honour of being the bbth-place of this great and good man, and so ungrateful for all his services, that it has never raised the smaUest " memorial " of him — ^in stone or metal, on glass or canvass ! True it is that his claim to immortality needs no such perishable memorials to ensure its perpetuation, but Denbigh does to preserve the repute of being the place of his nativity. He was, at least, thirty-four years an ac tive member of the councU ; alderman, recorder, and M.P. for the borough, successively. Lloyd of Berthlwyd.— Six Edward Lloyd of " Berth Lloyd," k"'-, Sb Thomas Salusbury, Baronet, Sb Jphn Maynard, K.B., William Eoberts, D.D., Cup-almoner to the King, &e. swom burgesses, Sept. 10th, 1632. 1633, Feb. 18, Sir Thomas Salusbury, Baronet, DJce Reinald Rutter, deceased. * The Wynnes of Nantglyn. — [mem.] 1631. — Upon mondaie the vi""- of ffeb'ry Eobert 'Wyn, gent, (sonn & Heire of ffowk -Wyn, gent, sonn & Heyre of Eobert "Wyn ap Meredydd ap Tudor, all deceased) and one Jane Lhwyd, eldeat dau,: of Hugh Lhwyd, Esq'- nowe one of the Aldermen of Denbighe, were married' in y' Chappel of St. Hillary, in Denbighe, by Thomas Barker vicar of Denbighe, and by force of a Liceneo unto hym directed by Dr. Griffith, Chancellor of Lbanelwy, (St. Asaph) " in y' presence of William Dolben, Esq'- nowe High Sheriff of y' Co : Denbighe, Piers Lhwyd of Llanynys, and divers others, to (the) number of CC." (200) "persons or more." — P. Soberta' Diary, AND ITS LOEDSHIP. 131 1633, Thomas Salusbury baUiff this year, alderman in 1638, no farther record. 1634, June 9, Edmund Vaughan, JEsq. vice „ John Davies, gent, deceased. Wynnes of Ystrad. — " Edward Wynn, of Estrad, sworne burgesse xxxi. MartU, 1634," &c. Thelwall of Plasward. — Symon ThellwaU of Plas Ward, Esq. sworn burgess 31st March, 1634. The Mostyns of Mostyn. — In 1635, Eobert Mostyn, esqube, sonne of S'- Eoger Mostyn, Kt. was swom burgess. 1634. — [mem,] Upon sondaie y' 8'" of June, Thomas Salus burie, Sonne & hebe of Syr Thomas Salusburie, B'^ (sonne of Syr Harrye S., Bart., sonne of Syr John S. all deceased), was borne, & xtened [Christened] upon the xxix"' 1634, March 6, Edward Williams, de puty-recorder »»ce Edmuad Vaughan, deceased. 1634, March 6, John Roberts, Bailiff, gentleman, vice Richard Clough, imprisoned. 1634 Same day, Mathew Salusbury, Esq. vice Richard Price, imprisoned. 1634 Same day, Thomas Shaw, skinner, vice John Lloyd, imprisoned. 1634, March 29, John Myddelton, Esq. vice Robert Knowsley, deceased. Knowsley was thirty-seven years in the councU. Mostyn of Talacre. — Sb Eobt. Mostyn, knt. and John Salusbury, of Bachegraig, steward of Denbigh, made burgesses, 7th July, 1635. 1636, May 1, Robert Ffoulkes, mercer, vice William Clough, imprisoned. 1636 Same day, John Evans vice Richard Doulben, disfranchised. 1636 July 10, John Madocke, gent. vice Hugh Lloyd Rosindale, deceased. It is a singular fact that four menibers of the council were lying in prison at the same time, and were " displaced," having dis continued theb attendance ovring to long imprisonment, and troubles. Most probably they were incarcerated upon poHtical charges, although the troubles pf the reign of Charles had not yet weU commenced. 1638, July 19, John Vaughan, gent. vice John Myddelton, deceased. 1638, Aug. 1, John Salusbury of Bach egraig, Esq. vice (no record.) The Salusburies of Leadhrook. — Thomas Salusbury, the younger of Leadbrook, was swom burgess of Denbigh, in a.d. 1638. 1639, Sep. 21, John Wynn, Esq. viee... (no record.) 1640, Sep. 26, William Chambres, gent. vice William Myddelton, deceased. 132 EECOEDS OF DENBIGH. 1640 Same day, Foulke Jone9,gent. vice William Dolben, disfranchised. "An Act entered January 28, 1639. [Memorand.] 'Whereas Wm. Dolben hath divers ways misbehaved himself towards the officers, counceU & Towne of Denbighe, as hath bein made apparant before vs hereunto subscribed, and whereas att this tyme and euer since .... (1639.) he has stood endited for a common carretor, it is by our g'raU consent thought fit that he be removed from being any longer of the counceU of the saide Tovme, or reputed as a capitall burgess." Signed, Jo. Salusbury. Aldermen, Ffoulke Salusbury, Robert Ffoulkes. — Bailiffs, King Charles had, in the first year of his reign, granted Dolben free parden fpr aU manner of political offences and crimes that man coidd be guilty of, vrithin the reahn of England. — See A. Sf M. Denbigh, p. 207. Mem. — Sir Thomas Salusbury, Bart., was alderman in 1684, 1635, 1636, 1637, again elected m 1839. 1641, March 15, Robert Parry, gent. vice Thomas Dryhurst, deceased. Thomas Dryhurst was forty-four years a member of the Town Council. Thomas Vaughan, gent, was Bailiff this year, but we have no account of his election as town-councUlor. 1642. [mem.] — " The Countie of Denbigh presented his Ma"* (King Charles) a petition for protection ag' the orders &, ordinances of ParUament, & gave the King a compleate Eegim' of Volunteers, and £1000." 1643, Sep. 24, John Hughes, tanner,vice Sir Thomas Salusbury, Bart. deceased. Sb Thomas Salusbury, Bart., was alderman in 1634, 1635, 1636, 1637, and was again elected at Michaelmas, 1639. Denbigh Castle fortified and garrisoned for the King. 1643, Sept. 24, John Jones, mercer, bailiff, ot'c« Unknown 1644. Thomas Taylor, borough sheriff vice , (unknown) The Williamses of Estymcolwyn. — In 1644, " John WilUams of Ystyncolwyn, in the Com. of Montgomery, Esquier, was swom burgess." The Lloyds of Llech.— Also " Peter Lloyd of Llech in the Com. of Denbigh, gent. And Hefiry Salusbury, sonne of Paule Salusbury M' of Arts, Eector of LoweU in Oxfordshbe." 1645. — The Parliamentarians, imder General Mytton, lay siege to Denbigh Castle in April this year : market held at the Elm Tree, near the Abbey. Sept. 25, the King comes to Denbigh, attended by Sb Francis GamuU, Mayor of Chester, Alderman Cowper, and AND ITS LOEDSHIP. 133 others, and takes up his apartments in the tower still called the " King's Tower." He holds a general review of his troops on the 27th, at GeffyUiogXpage 21.) CromweU's camp was at Whitchurch, or the White Church in the Fields by Denbigh, during the sum mer, but towards the end of autumn the rebel infantry took up theb quarters in the suburbs of the town, outside the walls, and the cavaby in the country houses and farms around. — Thomas Taylor and Matthew Salusbury were elected oldermen, and Poulk Salusbury and John Hughes, bailiffs, at the usual Michaelmas municipal election. — The place was straitly besieged, and in October there was a great battle at Denbigh, when the royalists, (except those within the waUs) were routed with considerable loss.— See Great Siege, A. S{ M. Denbigh, p. 208-238. 1646.— The usual municipal election was not held this year. The citadel surrenders at discretion, and the royaUsts evacuate Denbigh. 1647, June 18, Sb William Middelton, Baronet, Governor of Denbigh Castle, wee Hugh Lloyd of Foxhall, deceased. We must, however, observe that something approaching to an anachronism seems at first sight to exhibit itself here, for Denbigh Castle was deUvered up to General Mytton late in the autumn of 1646, and Colonel George Twistleton, was made a capital burgess at Michaelmas, 1648, being then governor of the fortress. He had been one of the commissioners appointed to treat for its surrender, and had distinguished himself at its siege ; whUst not a syUable is before mentioned df this Sb WiUiam Myddelton. But we cannot doubt or contradict the corporate records and memoranda taken at the time. It would, therefore, appear that, on its surrender, the custody of the place was, in the first instance, given to Sb WiUiam Myddelton, probably through the influence of his relative, Sir Thomas Myddelton, whilst his paternal connection with Denbigh, and the respect in which the memory of his father was universally held, rendered his appointment to a post that had been so long and honourably fiUed by his grandfather very politic on the part of those who were newly installed in power vi et armis. But then it remains for us to account how he held the place but for so brief a period. His appointment proves him to have been a ParUamentarian, but most probably he carried his political views no further in that direction than those of his relative (Sb Thomas,) and Hke him was totaUy averse to the extinction of the regal power ; and that as soon as he discovered the "ulterior ends" of the faction with whom he had been hitherto blindly acting, and that, perhaps, from pure reUgious and patriotic motives, he vrithdrew from them with disgust, disdaining to associate himself with such violent repubUeans and determined regicides. Consequently, that he either resigned the command of the fortress, or was displaced to make room for Colonel Twistleton, who was a thorough Cromwellite. 134 EECOEDS OF DENBIGH. 1648, Sep. 29, Col. George Twistleton, vice "... John Salusbury, deceased. This must have been the John Salusbury who was elected capital burgess in 1607, baiUff m 1608, 1614, 1622, and 1628, and alderman in 1610, 1619, 1629 and 1637. Eor a John Salusbury was acting as Twistleton's colleague in the aldermanic office in 1648, and John Salusbury of Bachegraig was aUve in 1657, when he resigned his seat in favour of his son. 1649. No record of any municipal election. — Colonel Twistleton was " in fuU power," having not only the miUtary command of the castle and district, but absoliite control over municipal affabs. The downfal of monarchy and the spoliation of the church, seem to have been the building up of Twistleton's fortune. — Sale qf Church Lands by Cromwell.— M.a3:ch. 25, 1650, the mannours of Landegla, Witherin, and Meliden, with other lordships, mannours, and lauds, sold to John Jones and George Twistleton, Esqrs. for £3,797 : 00 : 00.— M.S. of Thos. Bawlinson, Eiq. of the Middle Temple. At the Michaelmas election, John Jones and John Vaughan were chosen aldermen. 1850 Aldermen, George Twistleton, and John Salusbury. 1651, Jan. 9, Thoraas Shaw, tanner, wee Sir William Myddelton, deceased. 1651, Jan. 9, RowlandPrice, tanner,!;Jce 'William Salusbury, Esq. 1652 Aldermen, Ffoulke Salusbury, and John Madockes.— Bai2j^«, Rich ard Lloyd, and Humffrey Haward. 1653, Sep. 13, Thomas Salusbury, Bart. vice unknown. (See a.d. 1634.) Humphrey Haward and John Madockes, " gentlemen," were in the council in 1650. Twistleton institutes an enquiry into the " Tovsrnes stocke of moneys," which he finds " lying in danger of decaye ;" constituten Mr Bailiff Madockes receiver, with power to prosecute all defaulters, and obtains a decree from Oliver Cromwell touching the pubhc Chari ties. (A. Sf M. Denbigh, p. 245-7, where the date should be 13th July, 1656. This was " Madockes of Brpn-Yew." Wynn of Melai. — Sworn burgess. Dee. 22, 1653. There is no record of the election of aldermen, &c. this year. 1654 Aldermen, Sir John Salusbury, Bart., and John Madockes.— Bat - liffs, Ffoulke Salusburie, and Henrie Parrie. From this date we have no record of the election of any new alderman or baUiff for five years, although we have an account of more than one hundred fresh burgesses, among whom we recognize several ParUamentarians,as Colonel John Carter, Andrew Mills, who desecrated the cathedral church of St. Asaph, and turned it unto a cow-house and piggery. And David Eichardson, of Gresford; WUHam Sumner, Thomas Ball, of Burton, Esq., John Archer, gent. : AND ITS LOEDSHIP. 135 Thomas Ashton, Thomas Turrell, Esq., and Tymothy Tyrrell, of Okeley, Bucks, Esq. GUbert Jackson, of Shotover, in the county of Oxford, gent.. Col. Eobt. Busbridge, Esq., WiUiam Carter of Beachampton, com. Bucks, gent. — 1655. The Stoddards of Denbigh. — The first of the name, on the bur gess rolls, was sworn under the Commonwealth, — " William Stod dard Sonne of William Stoddard, of Carnarvon." 1657, John Salusbury, the younger, of Bachegraig, Esq vice John Salusbury, the elder, re signed 1658-9. — Alderman George Twistleton, " in full power," — sole and absolute tribune. . A curious incident, arising out of official neglect had preserved the names of the bailiffs for that year, viz. — 1659 Eichard Dolben, mercer ; Eobert Dolben, tan ner, [memoeand.] — xxij. of January, 1600. "Eichard Dolben, mercer, and Eobert Dolben, tanner, beinge of late bayliffs w"'in this eorppration, in whose custody the maces were, w'^'' maces of silver coste But forasmuch as the same were negligently loste. It is therefore ordered by th' aldermen and baiUiffs, and counsaUl, that the said Eic' & Eobt. shaU pay for the saide maces the so'me of xxxvij ' XV ''- apeace." CromweU had designated the mace " a child's bauble." There is no record of 1660, further than the admission of common 'burgesses, among whom we find some of the Lloyds of Llanynys, gentlemen ; " Bernard Price of Pullgwynn, gentleman, servant to Sir Jlich. Wynne, of Gwedb," Edward " Thelwall of Ploee-y-Ward, Esq." Sfc. It may be worth remarking that the Hst of aldermen and baUiffs drawn out, in form, by Mr. John Lloyd, of Wickwer, town-clerk, in thetime of Charles H., is left blank from 1651 to 1661. Now, we might very naturaUy infer that no municipal election really took place during that time, and that our local legislators must have held a sort of Long Parliament, in miniature, for ten years. A further investigation, however, convinces us that this remarkable omission is solely ovring to the " culpable or intentional neglect " of ihe then town-clerk, (a Mr. Jphn Eoberts,) who did not enter much of the proceedings of the republicans " in the corporation minute-book, but left them scattered in notes and pages," amonghis own papers. From these sUps and scraps his successor had to supply as much as possible of the municipal history of past years. From 1661 to 1669, the Hst of corporate officers is given in tbe former work, (p. 113.) and the names of all the members of the councU, in the first-named year, from King Charles's charter. See A. Sf M. Denbigh, 121. Nearly one-half of the old council died off during the civil war, and the reign of the repubUcan senate. 1660, Foulke Myddelton, Esq. vice... Colonel George Twistleton, dis franchised. 136 EECOEDS OF DENBIGH. 1661, John Myddelton, Esq. ©ice Unknown 1664, Sep. '29, Capt. John Salusbury, of Llewesog vice Harry Parry, gent, deceased. Wynne of Coedcoch. — Hugh Wynne, tanner, the sonne of Piers Wyn, of Coedcoch, Esquire, sworn burgess in 1661. Williams of Pont-y- Gwyddyl. — John WiUiams, of Pont-y-Gsvyddel, gent., sonne of Edward WiUiams, some time deputy-recorder of this tpwn. 1668. Salusbury of Bug. — WUliam Salusbury, of Euyg, Esq, was burgess in 1661. Lloyd of Penporchell. — See ostentatious letter from WUliam Lloyd, of Penporchell, gent., to aldermen, &c., at the coronation of Charies II.— .4. ^ M. Denbigh, p. 254. The Cottons of Combermere Abboy. — Sir Eobert Cotton, of Com bermere, Knight, sworn burgess in 1665 ; but Charles Cotton, Esq. of Combermere was burgess of Denbigh in 1660. The Davieses of Llannerch — Mutton Davies, Esq., sworn this year. Ashpool of Plas-Ashpool. — John Ashpoole, of Llandyrnog, gent. sworn burgess in 1665. Hewit of Headley — Sir John Hevrit, of Headley HaU, Bart., sworn burgess 4th July, 1665. Mem. The following gentlemen, were at the Eestoration, created knights of the Eoyal Oak (for) the county of Denbigh, the yearly value of of each one's estate being given : — Charles Salusburie, Esq. £1,300 ; HurcaU ThelwaU, Esq., £600 ; Foulke Myddelton, Esq., £600 ; John Wynne, Esq., £600 ; Bevis Lloyd, Esq., £600 ; Sir Thomas Myddelton, Knt., of Chbk Castle, of Westminster afterwards (spent most of his estate,) £600 ; John Lloyd, Esq., £800. — From Wotton's English Baronetage, Ed. 1741. 1666, Aug. 30, Thomas Mathewes, gent. vice John Wynne, Esq 1666 Sep. 19, Foulk Davis, apothecary. vice Thomas Mathewes, gent. 1665. Sir Eichard Wynne, recorder of Denbigh, elected alderman. In 1666, many persons of distinction were admitted burgesses, as John Windebank, Esq., sonne to S' Francis Windebank, Secretarie of-State. Humphreys of Oundles. — John Humphreys, of Oundles, gentle men, in the countie of Montg'^. Grosvenor of Eaton. — Hugh Grosvenor, son of Sb Eichard Gros venor of " Eyton," in the county of Chester, &c. 1667, Aug. 4, Mutton Davies, Esq. vice Richard Hughes, gent, deceased. 1668, March 2, Roger Myddelton, gent vice Alderman John Clough, deceased. 1668 JohnHughes, jun., gent. vice... John Hughes, sen. deceased. 1670, John Lloyd (of Wick wern) town- clerk, vice John Jones, (the elder) deceased. 1670 Thomas Jones, mercer, wee Ffoulk Runcorn, deceased. AND ITS LOEDSHIP. 137 Lloyd of Cfe/%.— Edward Lloyd of Kefn, gent. — Williatns of Trelynniau, " Peeter WUliams, of Trelynnie in the county of flint, gent,, sworn burgesse in 1671." 1672, March 15, Richard Hughes, tan ner, vice Robert Salusbury, deceased. 1672, Sept. 28, Thomas Twyston, tan ner, vice John Salusbury, of Llewesog, de ceased. 1671 Aldermen, John Myddelton, Ffoulke Dii,v\e3,— Bailiffs, Hugh Lloyd, Thomas Jones. Among the common burgesses sworn in 1671, we find " Pennant of Bychtyn, Piers Pennant of Bighton, Esq.; Griffiths of Cwybir, John Griffith of Cwybir, in the com. of fflint, gent.; Salusbury of Bachegraig, John Salusbury of Bachegraig, gent ; Parry of P«jZZ- Xflfoy, Eichard Parry, gent., son and heire app'nt of John Parry of Pwllalog, Esq. ; Vaughan of Llech, Owen Vaughan of Llech, gent. ; Wynne ofVoelas, Cadwalader Wynne, Esq. of Voylas ; Ed wards of Llech, Thomas Edwards of Llech, gent.; Maysmor of Maysmor, John Maesmor, gent." 1672 jiZiiej-OTCJi, Edward Davies, John Hughes. — Bailiffs, Matthew Salus bury, Robert Salusbury: Memorand. — " The sixteenth dayof ffebr. anno regni dm. regis Caroli se'di. Anglic ec. xxiiij"' Ordered that Mathew Salusbury, gent., baylief of the sd. towne, doe find a sergeant-at-mace at or be fore next Co"- to be holden for the sd. towne, on payn of fiue pounds to be leavied of his goodes and catteU." 1673 Aldermen, Humffrey Haward, Thomas Roberts. — Sailiffs, John Salus bury, Thomas Twyston. 1674 Aldermen, Hugh Lloyd, John Salusbury. — Bailiffs, Rowland Pryce, Humfrey Evans. There is no record of Humphrey Evans' previous election as town- counciUor. See A.D. 1682. Among the common burgesses admitted in 1674, we find — Wyrme of Tower, "Mr John Wynne, of the Tower, near the Mould." Wil liams of Carwedvynydd, Edward WilUams, of Carwedvynydd, gent,, sworn burgess. Salusbury of Ystrad, John Piers Salusbury, of Astad, gent. Pennant of Bychtyn, John Pennant, gent., son of David Pennant, of Bighton, Esq. deceased. 1675, Sept. 1 1, Owen Lloyd, mercer, vice Capt. Reynauld Rutter, deceased. 1675, same day, Robert Knowles, silver smith, viee ;. •• John Hughes, deceased. 1675, same day, Eobt. Jones, corvisor, ^ice Richard Hughes, deceased. 1675, same dayj John Ciougii, gent, mee Sir Richard Wynne, Bart,, (of Gwydir,) deceased. 1675 Aldermen, Rowland Pryce, Thomas , 3 onea,— Bailiffs, Owen Lloyd, Robert Knowles. T 138 EECOEDS OF DENBIGH. Common burgesses sworn in 1675 —Myddelton of Chirk Castle, Sb Thomas Myddelton, Baronet, and his servant " Peeter ffoulkes, sonne of ffoulk ap Evan ap Hugh, of Abergeley." Myddelton of Bodlith, Eichard Myddelton, Esq, Llotid of Tyddyn or Farm, Ed ward Lloyd, of Tythen, Esq. Salusbury of Llewetmy, Thomas Salusbury, gent. Lloyd of Gwrych, John Lloyd of Gwrych, Esq., sworn January 24th. 1676, Sept. 29, the Right Worshipful Sir Thomas Myddelton, Baronet, vice Humphrey Haward, gent. dead. 1676, same day, John Wynne, Esq., of Melai, Steward of the Lordship,»«'8, Richard Heaton, Hugh 'ELxi^es.— BaUiffs, Roger Evans,' David Williams, jun., gents. 1727 Aldermen, the bailiffs of last year elected aldermen; and Jolm Humphreys, and Thomas Roberts, Bailiffs, 1728, Aug. 14, Thomas Price of Glynn, Esq. vice Robert Davies of Llannerch, Esq. deceased. Aldermen, Thomas Price, Esq., John Humphreys, gent. — Bailiffs, David Williams, sen., John Knowles. 1729, Sept. 29, Lynch Salusbury Cotton, Esq. vice Richard Heaton, gent, deceased. Aldermen, John Myddelton of Chirk Castle, Esq., Lynch Salusbury Cotton, Esq.— Bailiffs, David Williams of Lodge, jun,, John Myddelton, gent. 1730, April 17, Roderick Lloyd, glover, vice Hugh Hughes, tanner, I Aldermen, John Myddelton, David WWia,ms.— Bailiffs, Roger Evatos, Ro derick Lloyd. But this Roger Evans died in 1731, as we find in a record of the municipal election of — 1731, June 30, Peter "Vaughanjgent.vieg Roger Evans, deceased. AND ITS LOEDSHIP. 147 Aldermen, John Lloyd, and Thomas Price, Esquires. — Bailifs, Daivd Wil liams (of Ruthin), Thomas Eoberts. Vvas not this the younger Williams, of Lodge, Denbigh ? 1732, Aldermen, David Williams, (of Ruthin,) Thoraas Roberts, —Bailiffs Peter Vaughan, of Bodeifiog, gent., Roderick Lloyd. 1733. There were several elections of capital burgesses this year 1733, April 9, William Myddelton, of Denbigh, Esq vice Robert Myddelton, of Chirk Castle, Esq., deceased. Sam^ay, John Griffith, of Den bigh Green, vice JohnFfoulkes, mercer, deceased. 1733 August 20, Robert Maurice, of Astrad, Esq vice Robert Price, deceased. 1733 Michaelmas, Aldermen, John Lloyd aud VVilliam Myddelton, Esqrs. — Bailifs, Thomas Price, John Griffith, Esqrs. 1734. The bailiffs of last year made Aldermen, and WiUiam Knowles and John Hughes, Bailiffs. 1735. Aldermen, John Myddelton, of Chirk Castle, Esq., and John Myddelton, Gwaenynog, Esq. — Bailiffs, Thomas Roberts, David Wil liams, jun. 1736, March 23, Watkin Wynne, of Voylas, Esq vice John Davis, mercer, deceased. 1736 Aldermen, the bailiffs of last year. — Bailiffs, John Myddelton, Ro derick Lloyd. 1737, Aldermen, Thomas Price, Esq., John Hughes. — Bailiffs, John Knowles, Peter Vaughan. 1738, May 23, Edward Heaton, hat- manufacturer* viee David Lloyd, gent,, deceased. 1738, May 23, Thomas Roberts, jun., grazier, butcher, &c wee Roderick Lloyd, deceased. 1738 Sept. 29, Thomas Evans, grocer, vice ,; John Knowles, glover, deceased. 1738 Aldermen, Watkin 'Wynne, Esq., Peter Vaughan.— UaiZi/fs, David Williams, jun., Richard Heaton. 1739, Sep. 29, John Wynne, of Melai, Esq: vice Thomas Eoberts, innholder, de ceased. 1739 Aldermen, the bailiffs of last year. — Bailiffs, Thomas Evans, Thomas Roberts. 1740, Sep. 29, John Hosier, gent., vice John Lloyd, Esq., deceased. 1740 Aldermen, Watkin Wynne and William Myddelton, Esqs.—UaJZJ^jf, David Williams, Peter Vaughan. Mr. Bailiff WiUiams, disfranchised for a season, together with Thomas Shaw, glover ; Humphrey Myddelton, hatter ; and * The manufacture of hats was at this time extensively carried on in Denbigh. Heaton was a gentleman by birlb, but, aecor.Iing to tradition, served his appren ticeship to a Denbigh hatter, worked afterwards aa journeyman in London, aud re turning home, sot up in a large way of business, Maoy entritsin the corporation books are iu his beautiful handwriting. 148 EECOEDS OE DENBIGfH. John Lloyd, tanner.) Mr. D. Williams, ef Lpdge, served 33 baiHff for the remaining part of this year. Mr. John Hosier, made town-clerk, by patent of George IL, given at St. James, 12th March, 1740-1. He seems to have been an entire stranger, active, and perhaps then thought an overbearing and ambitious lawyer. He was three times bailiff and six times alderman. * 1741, Aldermen, David "Williams, (Lodge), Thomas Evana.— Bailip, John Hosier, Thomas Roberts. 1742, 1743, 1744. — It is unacountable that no municipal election took place for three years. Hosier seems to have had all the business to himself ; others apparently refusing to actS|H.th him. Eew attended the councU, or " court of convocation," ' as it was styled, and even at each succeeding Michaelmas, the great election day. Hosier's endeavours " to form a house," proved a failure. 1745, Sep. 21, Richard Myddelton, of Chirk Castle, Esq vice Edward Lloyd, of Gwerclas, Esq. deceased. Was this Mdward Lloyd, Esq. of Love-lane and Plummog ! 1745, Same day, Rees Ffoulkes, gent., vice John Myddelton, gent., deceased. 1745 Same day, John Lloyd, of Coed- accas viee Thomas Roberts. One knight of the cleaver succeeding another. The same year Hosier was alderman, with Eees Ffoulkes as his colleague, and Peter Vaughan and John Lloyd, bailiffs. 1746, Sep, 29, Edward Roberts, tanner, mee John Chambres, of Plas Cham bres, Esq., deceased. 1746 Aldermen, John Griffith, of Garn, Esq., John Romv.—BaMfs, John Lloyd, of Coedaccas, gent., Roberts, tanner. 1747, Sept. 29, Robert Jones, apothe- ,„,.,„ „ cary, vice John Myddelton of Chirk Castle, Esq. deceased. Aldermen, Richard Myddelton and WiUiam Myddelton, Eiqs.—BaUip, Edward Roberts, Edward Heaton. 1748,*Sept. 29, Hugh Clough of Plas Clough, Esq. m'ce Sir Robert Salusbury Cotton, Bart, deceased. Aldermen, Watkin Wynne and Hugh Clough, Esqs,— Bailiffs, David Wil liams, Peter Vaughan. 1749. — No new Aldermen, bailiffs, coroners, leave-lookers, Ac, elected, there being " no house" at the Michaelmas convocation, which had heen summoned as usual. * The rent of Acryforwyn settled upon the Grammar School, in 1726, not paid for twenty-one years. AND ITS LOEDSHIP. 149 1750 John Price, Doctor-of-Divinity, vice JohnHughes, grocer, deceased. Aldermen, John Price, D.D., Thomas Williams, gent. — Bailiffs, John Lloyd, Coedaccas ; Edward Roberts. Dr. Price was Prebendary of Ely, and was appointed Eector of Denbigh in 1749.— See A. ^ M. Denbigh, p. 355. Towards the middle of this century, (the 18th) among the com mon burgesses we find — Conwoy of Cotton Hall, James, John, and Jacob Conway, " gentlemen" ; several Lloyds of Brynygwynt. — Edwards of Glynn, John Edwards of Glynn, Esq. — Davies ofCaer- hrni, Hugh Davies, Esq.^ Yale of Yale, David "Tale, Esq. — Wynne of Leeswood, J ohn Wynne, Esq. — Lloyd of Bhyl, Henry Lloyd, Esq. of EhU — Wright of Plasissa, John Wright of Plasissa,. Esq. — James EusseU Stapleton, Esq., grandfather of the present Field Marshall Lord Viscount Combermere, who is a native of the Borough of Denbigh. — Lloyd of Maeso-nnod, Eobert Lloyd, gentle man. — Jones of Galltfaenan, John Jones, Esn — Paynter of Sum mer Hill, John Paynter, "Eisq.— Lloyd of ^ . ...st, John Lloyd of fforest, gent. — Lloyd of Nantglyn, Peter Lloyd of Nantglyn, gent. —¦Jones of aiygroeslwyd, James Jones of Ceelygroeslwyd, Esq. — Griffith of Cefnymwlch, WiUiam Griffith, Esq. of Ceven Amulch, Caernarvon ; besides several Wynnes of Garthmelio ond Plasnewydd, Madockes of Bron-Yew. In short, some members pf almost every patrician family in this part of the kingdom. 1750 Thomas Williams, gentleman, vice Robert Jones, apothecary, dead. 1751, Aldermen, John Griffith of Garn, Esq., Edward 'B.e&ion.— Bailiffs, David Williams, John Hosier. 1752, Sept. 29, John Rathbone vice ... David WiUiams (of Ruthin.) Eathbone is sometimes described as a plumber and glazier, some times as glass-merchant, and must have been a person "well to do," with some property. He was, probably, promoted by Hosier. .,4We>-OTe», The bailffs of last year. — 5a*;^s, Thomas Williams, and John Rathbone. 1753, Aug. 1, Evan Evans, apothecary, r^ce • William Knowles, deceased. Same day, John Roberts, glover, vice Edward Roberts, deceased. Aldermen, Thomas Williams, Peter N&'n^an,— Bailiffs, David Williams, John Hosier. , 1754, April 22, John Myddelton of Gwaeiiynog, jun. Esq. vice John Myddelton, Esq. sen. dead. Same day, John Conway of Astrad, Esq. vice '.. Thomas Lloyd of Aston, Esq. deceased. Aldermen, the two newly elected councillors.— 5«»'ft;^s, John Lloyd, Evan Evans. 150 EECOEDS OE DENBIGH. 1755, Sept. 23, Hugh Lloyd of Coed-y- daccas, vice David Williams of Lodge, Esq,' deceased. Aldermen, William Myddelton of Gwaenynog, Esq , Thomas Williams. - Bailiffs, Peter Vaughan, John Roberts. Mr BaUiff Vaughan now held the BuU Inn. Harry-ap-Shenkin, and other bellmen, on the night-watch, ordered to go round the town every night, between the hours of eleven o'clock at night and six o'clock in the morning, from the 1st of November to the 1st of March, and use theb utmost endeavours to keep the peace, and take care that no robberies, riots, or other misdemeanors were committed, and to lodge all offenders in safe custody. The town was divided into Wards from time immemorial, at least, in the reign of James I., we read of the High or High-street Ward, Lower Ward, Love- lane Ward, and HenUan-street Ward. These were, apparently, the four original suburban wards ; the Old Town, or " Burg," within the waUs was called the Castle "Ward. 1756, Aldermen, the tribunes for this year were Evan Evans, and John Rathbone, and the Bailiffs, Thomas 'Williams, John Lloyd. 1757, Sept. 25, Thomas Edwards, tan- ner,OTce ¦ Robert Wynne, of Plasnewydd, Esq. deceased. Aldermen, John Myddelton, Esq., John 'Rosier,— Bailiffs, Peter Vaughan, Thomas Edwards. 1757, Nov. 2, John Salusbury, grocer, vice Thomas Evans. 1738, Sept, 29, John Griffith of Garn, Esq. (son) vice John Griffith, Esq. (father)_dead. Aldermen, Thomas Williams, John Salusbury. — Bailiffs, John Rathbone, Hugh Lloyd of Lodge, grazier. This Hugh Lloyd was not in the council before^ unless otherwise " of .Coedaccas." This might be decided by examining tho signatures. 1759, Sept. 29, Rev. Edward Foulkes, clerk, Dice 'William Myddelton, Esq. dead. " Alderman Foulkes" was for many years master of the Granunar School, curate of the parish, and lecturer at St. HUary's Chapel. Aldermen, the Rev. Edward Foulkes, Thomas EA-w&TAs.-Bailiffs, John Hosier, John Lloyd. 1660, Sept. 29, Eobert Myddelton, Esq. viee Hugh Clough of GIanywern,Esq. deceased. Aldermen, John Hosier again tribune with John Lloyd as his colleague.— Rathbone aud Vaughan, Bailiffs. Thc corporate body address King George III. on his accession to the throne. AND ITS LOEDSHIP. 151 1761, Sept, 29, Powell Clough of Glany wern, Esq. vice Thoraas Price of Cefnywern Esq. deceased. The deceased had been elected as " of Glynn." Aldermen, John Price, D.D.. Tbomas '^'OMa.ms.— Bailiffs, Hugh Lloyd, grazier, John Roberts, glover. The corporate body congratulate the King upon'his marriage with the Princess Charlotte, of Mecklenburg Strelitz. 1762, Sept. 29, John Knowles, glover, vice John Rathbone, deceased. Aldermen, Robert Myddelton, Esq. John Hosier. — Bailiffs, Evan Evans, John Knowles. 1763, Sept. 29, Rev. David Price of Chirk, vice Edward Heaton, gent, deceased. Aldermen, Thomas Williams, John Salusbury. — Bailiffs, Thomas Edwards, John Lloyd. 1764, Sept. 29, Edward Edwards, (of Ruthin) grocer, vice John Humphrey of Carregypen- nill, gent, deceased. This John Humphreys was forty-six years a capital burgess, and alderman in 1728 ; probably he had retbed to the country in his old age. But the capital men are almost to a man " called" after their estates, country seats, or birth-places, although we know that many of them were professional or commercial men, who held premises in town, and are sometimes said to be of this " town" or such " street," or places in the immediate vicinity of the town, as Lodge, Tstrad, Cotton HaU, Segrwyd, Gwaenynog, &c., &c., as the reader must have observed. ^ Alderman, the Rev. Edward Foulkes, John 'S.oslex.-Bailiffs, Peter Vaughan, John Roberts; 1765, Aldermen, John Myddelton, Esq., Thomas WilMams.— Bailiffs, Evan Evans, Hugh Lloyd. 1766, Sept. 29, William Simon of Llan gollen, gentleman, vice John Hosier, gent, deceased. Aldermen, John Price, D.D., Peter Vaughan. — BaUiffs, John Lloyd, John Ejiowles. Thomas WiUiams, gent., appointed town-clerk, in place of John Hosier, gent., deceased. 1767, April 23, thelRev. Robert Myddel ton, clerk, vice John Conway of Astrad, deceased. Same day, Peter Vaughan, tanner, vice Thomas Edwards, deceased. 1767, Sept. 29, Hugh Stoddart, apothe cary, we Rees Ffoulkes of Gwemeigron, Esq. deceased. Same day, Thomas Roberta, glover, viee Thomas Williams, deceased. 152 EECOEDS OE DENBIGH. Aldermen, John Myddelton, Esq., Hugh Stoddart. — Bailiffs, John Roberts, glover, Hugh Lloyd of Lodge. 1768, Aldermen, Evan Evans, apothecary, John Salusbury, grocer.— Bai- liffs, Thomas Roberts, glover, Peter "Vaughan, tanner. 1769, Peter Jones (of Ruthin) OT'ee Edward Edwards (of Ruthin) deceased. ^Z&rmew, Rev. John Price, D.D. , William Simon, gent. — Bailiffs.Vei^T: Vaughan of Bodeiliog, John Lloyd of " Coedydaccas." 1770, Aldermen, John Lloyd,John Roberts.— BaiZjjJ'jj, Hugh Lloyd, John Knowles. 1771, Sept. 29, Thomas Myddelton of Denbigh Castle, Esq. vice Hugh Stoddart, deceased. Aldermen, Thomas Myddelton, Esq. Peter Vaughan, i\xn.— Bailiffs, Evan Evans, William Simon, 1772, — The author could find no record, WUliam Simon was then town-clerk, 1773,*Sept. 29, Richard Heaton, Esq. vice Sir John Wynne, 'Bart, deceased. Jomes Owen must have been elected capital burgess this year. Aldermen, the Rev. Robert Myddelton, James O^en,— Bailiffs, Hugh Lloyd, Thomas Roberts. 1774, Aldermen, Evan Evans, Peter Jones. — Bailiffs, John Lloyd, John Roberts. 1775, Sept. 29, Richard Kenrick, of Nantclwyd, Esq, vice Watkin Wynne, Esq., deceased, 3775 Satne day. Rev. EdwardWilliams, clerk vice.... Peter Vaughan, of Bodeiliog, de ceased. This year, Thomas Myddelton, Esq. and 'WiUiam Simon, were elected oldermen, Jphn Knowles and Peter Jones, bailiffs. 1776, Sept. 29, The Honourable Major- General Taylor vice Sir Lynch Salusbury Cotton,Bart' deceased. Sb Lynch was forty-seven years an active member of the council. 1776 Sept. 29, The Rev. Robert Carter Thelwall, clerk vice Powell Clough, Esq., deceased, Aldermen and boiliffs. — This year the same gentlemen were elected as in 1778. 1777, Hugh Vaughan, of Bodeiliog, gent, vice John Lloyd, of Coedaccas, de ceased. Aldermen, Thomas Myddelton, Esq. of Denbigh Castle, Hugh Vaughan Bodeiliog. — Bailiffs, William Simon, John Knowles. * A'salary of £20 per annum settled upon the town-criership, held then by John Morris, " barber aud periwig-maker," \ AND JTS LOEDSHIP. 153 1777, Sept. 29, Thomas Lloyd, grocer, vice EvanEvan3,apothecary, deceased.' It would appear that a Mr Williams (master of the Grammar School ?) entered an action against the corporation respecting " Accar-y-vorwin," in which the latter lost. 'We have a memoran dum " of an order in council " for payment of bills and costs. 1778. This year, the Aldermen were William Simon and Thomas Lloyd, Bailiffs, Hugh Lloyd, John Roberts. 1779, Aldermen, the Rev. Robert Myddelton, James 0-wen,— Bailiffs, John Salusbury, John Knowles. At this time, the town was greatly infested with vagrants, strol lers and sturdy beggars, and an officer called a " ban-beggar" was appointed by the corporation " vrith power and authority to take them up, and bring them before the aldermen." The notices (which sbUl remain) were set up, threatening such characters that they would be taken up and publicly whipped. Note. — In 1779, the following gentlemen were admitted common. burgesses, viz., Eich. Myddelton, jun., Esq. ; John Madocks, sen., Esq.; PhiUp Torke, Esq. ; Bennet WUUams, Esq, ; John Vaughan of Groes, Esq, ; John Ffoulkes, Erriviatt, Esq, ; John Vaughan of BodeiUog, gent,, &c. 1780, Sept, 29, William Williams, vice Thomas Roberts, glover, deceased.' 1780 Aldermen, William Simon, Thomas Lloyd. — Bailiffs, Hugh Vaughan, John Eoberts. Among the common burgesses sworn, we have, Hugh Hughes Lloyd, of Gwerclas, Esq., and Dr. WoodvUle. 1781 Aldermen, James Owen, Hugh Lloyd. — Bailiffs, John Knowles, William Williams. • 1782, Sept. 29, Edward Knowles, inn keeper vice John Eoberts. glover, deceased. 1782 Aldermen, the Rev. R. Myddelton, William Simon,— Bailiffs, John Salusbury, Edward Knowles. 1783, Sept 29, Richard Myddelton, of Chirk Castle, jun.. Esq vice Robert My ddlelton, of Gwaeny nog, Esq., deceased, 1783, Aldermen, John Roberts, tanner, Thomas Lloyd, mercer. — Bailiffs, Hugh Lloyd, William Simon, 1784. Among the common burgesses of this year, we find Wil liams of Bodelwyddan ; John Williams, jun., Esq., of Bodlewithan ; Eichard Tavistock Price ; John Wynne GriSith, and Bennet WiUiams, Esqubes. 1784, Aldermen, John Salusbury, William Simon. — Bailiffs, John Knowles, William Williams, 1785, Aldermen, James Owen, John Roberts. — Bailiffs, Hugh Lloyd, Edward Knowles. X 154 EECOEDS OF DEfTBIGH, 1786. This year the same aldermen were elected, as in 1782 and the same baUiffs as in 1784. 1787, Sept 29, the Rev. Edward Cham bres Jones, clerk «i'c« Peter Jones, gent., deceased. 1787 Aldermen, James Owen, Thomas Lloyd. — Bailiffs, Hugh Lloyd, John Roberts. At this time there were no less than seven clergymen in the council.1787 Same day, Ellis Roberts of Ruthin ' viee John Salusbury, deceased. 1788 The aldermen were the Rev. Robert Myddelton, re-elected, and Richard Heaton, Esq.; the bailiffs were John Knowles, and Edward Knowles. 1789, Sept. 25, James Roberts, glover, vice the Rev.R.Carter Thelwall, dead. Same day, John Roberts of Ruthin, vice Ellis Roberts, deceased. It is a curious fact that Euthin had for a long period a represen tative (if we may so speak) in the town-cpuncU of Denbigh. Aldermen, Rev. Robert Myddelton, Richard Heaton, Esq. — Bailiffs, Hugh Lloyd, William Simon. 1790 Aldermen, Richard Heaton, Esq., James Owen, — Bailiffs, the same as in 1786. 1791 Aldermen, John Roberts of Goppy, Thomas Lloyd. — BailiffifWA- liam Simon, Edward Knowles. 1792, Michaelmas, William Butler, Esq. vice John Myddelton, Esq., deceased. Same day, Edward Roberts, Esq. vice Thos. Alyddelton, Esq., deceased. Same day, William Hughes, ironmonger, vice the Eev. Ed. Foulkes, deceased, Same day, John Williams of Lodge, gentlemen, vice Hugh Lloyd of Coedaccas, dead. Aldermen, William Simon, James Owen, — Bailiffs, John Knowles, James Roberts. 1793 Aldermen, William Simon, Thomas Lloyd.— .Ba^JQfs, Edward Knowles, James Roberts. 1794 Michaelmas, the Rev. Robert Myddelton,Doctor-of-Divinity«ijee General Taylor, deceased. • Same day, the Rev. Thomas Clough, clerk, viee Richard Heaton, Esq., deceased. Same day, John Wynne Griffith.Esq vice late Alderman James Owen,dead. Same day, Thomas Lovatt of Chirk, Esq. vice John Griffith, Esq. deceased. Aldermen, William Simon, John Roberts, Goppy. — Bailiffs, Those of last year re-elected. 1795 AU the chief officers re-elected. 1796 Aldermen, Thomas Lloyd, the Rev. Thomas Clough,— ,Ba»7j^», John Knowles, John Williams. 'ifm^. " J' -1 , , _ _ _ K 1 '¦ " fj' ^^"^^ifej, *. ' AND ITS LOEDSHIP. 155 Muck Dinners. — The right of collecting manure from off the main streets, was declared to be vested in the aldermen for the time being, add this invaluable commodity they farmed to scavengers at &fair annual rent, which they expended upon corporation feasts, called " muck dinners," at which municipal hospitality was exhibited in the richest viands, and loyalty flowed in streams of generous wine. 1797 Aldermen, the Rev. Thomas Clough, James Roberts. — Bailiffs, Ed ward Knowles, William Hughes. 1798 Aldermen, The same as in 1794. — Bailiffs, Edward Knowlea, WU liam Williams. 1798, Sept, , John Moore, nice William Butler, Esq. deceased. Same day, James Owen, vice Robert Myddelton. Same day, Robert Jones, vice Hugh Vaughan, resigned. Same day, John Price, vice Peter Vaughan, resigned. This Peter Vaughan of BodeUiog, gentleman, resigned the dignity of town-councilman for the office of town-crier, and consented to pay the corporation fifteen pounds perannumfor the crier-ship ! 1799 .i4M«r»ree», the Rev. Thomas Clough, Edward Roberts. — Bailiffs, John Knowles, John Price. Inspectors of Eaw Hides appointed. — The corporate body con gratulate the king upon his deliverance from the late atrocious and treasonable attempt upon his Majesty's Hfe. 1800 Aldermen, Dr. Myddelton, James Roberts, — Bailifs, Edward Knowles, John Price. The corporation claim one-fourteenth of Denbigh Green, now about to be inclosed. 1801 The Hon. Frederick West, vice,., (omission) Aldermen, John Roberts, Goppy, the Rev. Thomas C\ou^.— BaUiffs, John Williams, John Moore. 1802, Sept. 15, Robert Myddelton Bid dulph, Esq. CT'ee , ,. . . , Rev. Edward WiUiams, deceased. 1802, Rev- Roger Clough, clerk, w ... Thos. Lovatt, Esq. deceased. 1802, Sept. 29, The Right Hon. Lord Viscount Kirkwall *OTe« James Owen, deceased. Same day, Robert Watkin Wynne, Esq. vice William Williams, deceased. 1802, Nov. 2, John Owen, grocer, vice Eichard Myddelton Biddulph Esq. deceased. Aldermen, Edward Roberts, Esq., Robert Myddelton, D.D. — Bailiffs,John Price, Robert Jones. 1803, April 14, John Copner Williams, Esq. vice Richard Kenrick, Esq. deceased. 1803 Richard Henry Kenrick, Esq. vice William Simon, gent, deceased. * Lord Kirkwall married the eldest daughter of Lord de Blaquiere, who re sided at the mansion in Vale-ftreet, near the Kailway Station, represented in the aooompanyiag engraving — now the property of Dr. E. Pierce, a town-councillor, magistrate, and coroner. 156 EECOEDS OE DENBiaS. Neither of the borough sheriffs being present, the one unable to attend through Ulness, the other out of town, the expedient of swearing in special bailiffs was resorted to, but the legality of this proceeding being afterwards questioned, these two gentlemen were re-elected on the 16th of July following. An address presented to the king on the declaration ofthe French War. Companies of volunteers raised in the borough and surround ing parishes ; " a pubUc subscription for that purpose opened at Mr Eoden's." " The freedom of the borough presented to His Eoyal Highness Prince WUHam Frederick." 1803 Aldermen, John Wynne Griffith, Esq., John Copner 'Williams, Esq. — Bailiffs, William Hughes, John Owen. Common burgesses — Anwyl of Hendregyda, the Eev. Eobert Anwyl of Hendregyda, Abergele. 1804, Sept. 4, Hugh Lloyd, grocer, vice Arthur BennetMesham,Esq.dead. Aldermen, those of last year re-elected. — Bailiffs, William Hughes, Hugh Lloyd. ^Lord Viscount Kirkwall had been elected Alderman, bijt did not appear to take the oaths. 1805 Aldermen, Rev. R. Myddelton, D.D., J. Copner Williams, Esq.— Bailiffs, these seem to have been Hugh Lloyd and John Williams, Lodge. 1806 Sept. 29, John Wynne, Esq. (son) vice Robert Watkin Wynne, Esq. (fa ther) deceased. Same day, John WilUams, tanner, viee Edward Knowles, gent, deceased. Aldermen, John Wynne Griffith, Esq., William Hughes. — Bailiffs, Hugh Lloyd, John Williams, Henblas, (Denbigh Abbey^ The corporate body being opposed to the Eoman Catholic Emancipation, address His Majesty King George IIL, and express the gratitude and admiration with which they were " penetrated '' by the recent instance of His Majesty's firm adherence to the Protestant interest. 1807. — The councU resolve in the first instance, not to divide the rents ofthe lands allotted to the body corporate, under the Aet for Inclosing Denbigh Green, but to expend tbe same upon public im provements ; but having taken high legal opinion, they rescind this resolution, and resolve to divide the money annuaUy among the resident burgesses, as compensation for the loss of the ancient right of common pasture in the Forest of Lleweny, giving each of the baiUffs five pounds in Heu of estrays.* Mr Eoberts of Euthin paid one hundred pounds for his professional services in obtaining the consent of certain parties to the Aet. Mr Shone paid for his plan of supplying the town with water, a project which has never been carried into effect. 1807 Aldermen, The Rev. Thomas Clough, Hugh Lloyd, — BaiUffs, John Williams, Lodge, John Owen. * In 1601, it was agreed that the borougii sheriffs should " paye twentie nobles yearlie into thandes of thaldermen, for am'eim'" aud p'ffittes of oo" houl- den before them," AND ITS LOEDSHIP. 157 1808._ — At this time the pubHc mind was agitated with the ap prehension of a Prench invasion, and at a council meeting held upon the 6th of May, Lord KbkwaU proposed, and the Eev. Eoger Butler Clough supported an address to the King, expressive of a deep sense of the blessings enjoyed under His Majesty's Govern ment, and of the indignation felt at the unprovoked and unwarrant able aggression of those enemies who sought to deprive this country of those blessings, and threatened His Majesty's kingdoms with invasion, and their (the body corporate's) resolution to redouble theb efforts in the national defence. During several years, there was a dispute and certain litigations between the County and Borough, touching the controul of the highways within the Liberties of Denbigh. 1808 Sept. 29, John Heaton, Esq. vice John Owen, deceased. Same day, John Parry, glover, vice James Roberts, deceased. Aldermen, John Copner Williams, John Williams, tanner. — Bailiffs, John Willianis, Lodge, John Parry, glover. 1809, Jan. 7th. — ^A new survey of the boundaries of the borough ordered ; taking Pontfootmor (a bridge over a small rivulet, on the Mold Eoad, near the Clwyd) as the radius of the circle which was to be drawn, on all sides, from the High Cross (by the Town HaU), as the centre of the borough ; with the view of settling disputes as to who were reaUy resident within the Liberties, and entitled to a share of the rents under the Act of Inclosure. 1809 Aldermen, Robert Myddelton, D.D., John Copner Williams, Esq.— Bailiffs, Hugh Lloyd, John Williams, Henblas. This year is remarkable for the great JubUee rejoicings. On the 25th of October, THE GEAND JUBILEE PEOCESSION moved in the foUowing order from the Town HaU, to St. HUary's Chapel or the High Ohurch ; The Eoyal Denbigh MUitia, in mUitary order. The Borough Constabulary, The Leave-Lookers, The Town Crier and Belhnan, The Master of the House of Correction, The Sheriffs, The Eector, Curates, and pther Clergy, The Eecprder, The Sergeants-at-mace, The Aldermen and Common Councilmen, The Free Burgesses, The Charity and other Schools, The Inhabitants and general PubHc. An address was presented to His Majesty upon this joyous oc casion of Ms attaining the fiftieth year of his reign, and the 158 EECOEDS OE DENBIGH. corporation gave a grand banquet to all the burgesses, constabulary, and miUta^y. The Egyptian tower, standing upon the lofty summit of Moel-Vamma, was erected in commemoration of the same event. * 1810, Sop. 29, John Parry of Tynewydd, Esq vice Edward Roberts,Esq. deceased. 1810. — At Midsummer, The Prince of Wales's Own Begvment of Local Militia, then embodied and quartered at Denbigh, under the command of Lord Viscount KirkwaU, receives the thanks of the corporation. 1810, Sept. 29, Aldermen, J ohn Heaton, John WUliams, Henblas. — Bailiffs, John Price, grocer, John Parry, glover. 1811, Sept. 29, David Lloyd, Esq. viee Thomas Lloyd, grocer, deceased. Sarae day, Thomas Twiston, tanner, vice John Knowles, deceased. Aldermen. Rev. Thomas Clough, John Heaton, Esq.— Bailiffs, Hugh Lloyd; John Parry, Tynewydd. 1812, May 12. — The corporate body address the Prince of Wales upon the assassination of the Hon. Spencer Percival, Fbst Lord of the Treasury. A batch of fifty new 'burgesses made, at the expense of the corporation, before the general election, in order to secure, as was thought, the seat of Mr Biddulph ; the result, however, was the return of Lord KbkwaU by a small majority. Aldermen, Rev. T. Clough, Hugh Lloyd BaUiffs, John WiUiams, Hen blas, John Parry, Tynewydd. 1813, Sept. 29, John Hughes, the elder, attorney-at-law, vice John Roberts, Goppy, deceased. Aldermen, John Copner Williams, John Parry, Tynewydd.— So*/«, John Williams, John Parry, glover. 1814, Sept. 29, George Cumming,Doctor- . of-medicine vice Robt. Myddelton Biddulph, Esq. M.P. deceased. Same day, Thomas Hughes, draper, vice Rev. Thomas Clough, deoeated. Aldermen, David Lloyd, John Hughes.— Basft/s, Hugh Lloyd, Tbomas Hughes, draper. 1815 Aldermen, John Hughes, George Gumming, 'hILJD,— BaiUffs, The same as in 1809. 1815, Dec. 9, Robert Myddelton of Gwaenynog, Esq. vice Dr. Myddelton (father) deceased. During the winter, the water-course from Lenten Pool, to the bridge at the entrance into HenUan-street, was covered in, so that fabs and markets for horses and svrine might he held there. StaUions forbidden to be exhibited in the pubHc streets. At this time the town was Ughted (with oil) ¦ by " the Lamp Society," the corporation granting the society a smaU sum annuaUy towards furnishing and repairing and lighting the lamps. Members of the councU to wear gowns of the same colour and quaUty as those worn by the corporation functionaries of the City of Chester, AND ITS LOEDSHIP. 159 1816, Sept. 28, Samuel Edwardes, Esq. attorney-at-law, & town-clerk,DJce John Price, deceased. Aldermen, Those of last year re-elected. — Bailiffs, John Parry, Denbigh town, John Parry, Tynewydd. An address presented to His Eoyal Highness the Prince of Wales, then E,egent, assuring him that they had heard with indig nation and regret of the outrageous attack which had been made upon His Eoyal Highne'ss' person, &c., and their hopes that " the perpetrators of this daring assault " might speedUy receive the punishment " due to sp heineus a transgression." This memorial is only valuable in point of history, so far as the memorialists further assure His Eoyal Highness that although the lower classes of the people in this district were labom-ing under distress in consequence of the late and defective harvest, the great difficulty in procuring employment, through the unexampled depreciation in the price of all kinds of farming stock, and the total stagnation in the sale of all kinds of agricultural produce, yet they were universaUy loyal and steady in theb aUegiance, &c. 1817, Feb. 12, Robert Parry, glover, viee John Parry, glover, deceased. 1817, Feb. 17, Rev. Robert Chambres Chambres of Llysmeirchion, vice Rev. Edward Chambres Cham bres, deceased. 1817, March 17, David Hughe3,surgeon, vice William Hughes, gent, deceased. Aldermen, Hugh Lloyd, Robert Myddelton, Esqrs,— Bailiffs, John Wil liams, Henblas, John Parry. Feb. 17th, 1817. — The court order an application to be made for some ancient charters of the corporation said to have been dis covered by Mr Eobt. Humphreys Jones of Euthin. Nov. 22nd. — ^An address of condolence presented to the Prince Eegent, on the lamented death of the Princess Charlotte of Wales. 1S18 Aldermen, Samuel Edwardes, Esq- Hugh 'L\o-y&.— Bailiffs, David Hughes, Eobert Parry. Dec. 28th, 1818. — An address of condolence presented to the Prince Eegent on the demise of his Ulustrious mother. Queen Charlotte. 1819 Aldermen, John Wynne Griffith, Esq. M.P., John Copner Williams, Eaq,—Bailiffs, John 'Williams, Henblas, John Parry, Tynewydd. 1820 April 15, HoweU PoweU Clough, of Brookhouse, Esq. vice John Moore, deceased. 1820 John Price, Esq. vice .'. Lord Viscount Kirkwall, dead. Here, commencing Corporation Book IIL, we have the usual — Proclamation on the Election of Capitol Burgesses. Oyez ! Oyez ! Oyez ! AU manner of persons are required to keep silence while the' capital and other burgesses of this Borough of 160 EECOEDS OE DENBIGH. Denbigh are proceeding to elect two capital burgesses of the said Borough, in the room and stead of the late John Mopre pf Den- high, surgepn, deceased ; and the late Honourable John HamUton Fitzmaurice, commonly called Lord Viscount KbkwaU, who were capital burgesses of this Borough: , Oyez ! Oyez ! Oyez ! I give this public Notice, that the capital- and other burgesses of the borough of Denbigh, are now proceeding in the Town Hall to elect two capital burgesses of the same borough, in the room and stead of the late John Moore, surgeon, deceased ; and of the late Honourable John Hamilton Fitzmaurice, commonly called Lord Viscount KbkwaU, deceased, who were capital burgesses of this borough ; And that aU persons haring a right tp be present at such election may attend the same, if they think proper. Oyez ! Oyez ! Oyez ! Howell Powell Clough, of Brookhouse, gentleman, having been proposed to be elected a capital burgess of this Borough, instead of the late John Moore of Denbigh, surgeon, deceased, late a capital burgess of the same Borough, I give this public Notice that any burgess demanding a poll may come forward and do so and he shall be heard. - Does any one demand a Poll ? Does any one demand a Poll ? Does any one demand a Poll ? Oyez ! Oyez ! Oyez ! John Price, Esq. of Denbigh, having been proposed to be elected a capital burgess of this Borough, instead of the late Honourable John HamUton Fitzmaurice, commonly caUed Lord Viscount KbkwaU, deceased, late a capital burgess of the same Borough, I give this pu'blic Notice that any burgess demanding a poll, may come forward and do so, and he shall be heard at the Town Hall where the election is proceeding. But Mr CounciUor Price did not take the oaths untU September 13th, 1821. 1820 Aldermen, John Heaton, David Lloyd,— Bailiffs, Howell Powell Clough, Thomas Hughes. The author often takes the returns from the signatures of the parties themselves, in which case " esqube," " gent." or " gentle man," is by etiquette dropped. And frequently the simple hame and surname are given in the case of -all cliief corporate ofB.cers, not being knights or baronets, save when there are two or more indi viduals of the some name " capital men." Dec. 9th, an address presented to King George IV. on his acces sion to the throne. 1821 Sept. 13, Richard Lloyd Williams, doctor-of-medicine, vice Robert Jones, deceased. " Dr. Eobert Jones" was a gentleman of considerable reputation in the medical prpfession, and a capital burgess about twenty-three years. AND ITS LOEDSHIP. 161 This year there was a grand municipal procession in celebration of the coronation of George IV. on the 19th of July. 1821 Aldermen, (at Michaelmas) John Hughes, Esq. George Gumming, '!ill,T>^— Bailiffs. John Williams, Henblas, John Price. 1822 Aldermen, John Williams, Henblas, John Hughes. — BaUiffs, David Hughes, John Price. 1823 Aldermen, John Copner Williams, Howell Powell Clough — BaUiffs, Robert Parry, John Price. In 1824, according to the Blue Books, a capital burgess, who was acting as deputy for one of the aldermen, committed one Eliza Jones to gaol for petty larceny. She brought an action against him for false imprisonment, and on a second trial obtained a ver dict, at Shrewsbury, which cost the corporation about five hundred pounds. Considerable sums were Ukewise spent in litigations, in defending the order of the Couit of Borough Sessions, in the case of Eice and others. 1824 Aldermen, John Williams, John Parry. — Bailiffs, Robert Parry, Richard Lloyd Williams. 1825, March 1 , Thomas Evans, attorney-' at-law, vice John Price, Esq. deceased. Same day, William Chambres Chambres, Esq. vice Richard Henry Kenrick, Esq. deceased. Aldermen. Richard Lloyd Williams, Thomas Evans — Bailiffs, John Wil liams, William Chambres Chambres. Sept, 15th, William Chambres Chambres, Esq, of Plas Chambres, was elected alderman, in place of John WiUiams, Esq., who refused to act as alderman and borough justice, under a new Beer Act, which inflicted a penalty of one hundred pounds on any justice-of-the-peace, being a maltster, who should sit at a meeting for granting licenses to ale-house keepers. It is almost needless to add that the gentle man thus displaced was engaged in the malting trade. 1826 Alderman, John Hughes, Samuel Edwardes.— 5a*y*, Thomas Hughes, David Hughes. July 15th, 1826, JohM Hughes, Esq , elected alderman, in place of Eichard Lloyd WiUiams, Esq., incapacitated by absence. 1827 Aldermen, John Hughes, John Parry. -.BaiZi^s, Those of last year re-elected. 1827.— August 13, WiUiam Ody finds on the burgess-roU the names of one hundred and fifty-three freemen, whose admissions were not filed upon proper stamps, and the councU votes* four hun dred and fifty-one pounds for stamps, to serve a poHtical and party purpose.^ — See Parliamentary Commissioners' Beport on Municipal Corporations. Sept. 29th, the leave-lookers ordered to inspect aU slaughter-houses, which were to be used for that purpose alone, 'carefully cleaned, washed, and properly ventilated ; and that no T 162 EECOEDS OE DENBIGH. animal or beast should he housed therein. Hamilton MaxweU, Esq,, a common burgess, restores, at his ovm expense, the Town Hall clock, puts up a fresh bell, and presents the corporation with new taaps of the Borough and Liberties ; in consideration of which he receives the thanks of the councU and a handsome testimonial of plate and money. The sum of sixty pounds a year voted to the aldermen and baUiffs for ordinary corporation dinners. Indeed, as early as the time of Queen EUzabeth we read of theb aUowances of wine and sugar, for their own refreshment and entertainment of guests. The councU refuse paying the clergy the Oatmeal Toll, because Dr. Howard had discontinued the catechetical lectures at St. HUary's. 1828 Aldermen, Thomas Hughes, Thomas Eva.na.— Bailiffs, Hugh Lloyd, Robert Parry. 1828, Nov. 3, James Vaughan Horne, attorney-at-law, vice David Lloyd, Esq. deceased, Wednesday, Sept. 9. — The aldermen, recorder, baUiffs, and com- mon-eouncU, preceded by the serjeants-at-mace, meet His Royal Highness Augustus Frederic Duke of Sussex, at a place called the Shearer's Well, on the northern confines of the Borough, where the recorder reads the foUowing address ; — " Sie — We, the aldermen, bailiffs, and capital burgesses of the borough of Denbigh, assembled by special convocation, beg leave to congratulate your Eoyal Highness upon your arrival in the Princi paUty. Anxious upon aU occasions to testify our loyalty and attachment to the House of Brunsvrick, under whose mUd and constitutional sway, we have enjoyed so many blessings, we eagerly embrace the opportunity which your Eoyal Highness' viait to us has fortunately afforded to present to your Eoyal Highness, in the most respectful terms, the freedom of our ancient Corporation, as the most appropriate token of personal regard for so distinguished a member of the Eoyal FamUy, we have it in our power to confer. It wpuld have been particularly gratifying tp us upon any pccasion to have marked your Eoyal Highness' visit to our ancient borough vrith every possible respect, but under the peculiar cbcumstances which now occur, we feel ourselves imperatively bound to acquit ourselves of that obligation, by an ardent feeling of gratitude for the truly courteous and liberal spirit in which your Eoyal Highness has condescended to honour our national Festival of Eisteddfod with your presence, and by that means so ppwerfully cpntributed te m- crease in splendour and effect those popular attractions which must ensure its eventual success ; and thus promote the combined objects for which iihis and other meetings of a similar kind have been re cently revived. Signed and passed under the seal of the corporation of and in the said Borough, the tenth day of September, 1828." On the 29th of September, WUHam Lewis Hughes, Esq., (after wards Lord Dinorben,) John Madocks of Glanywern, Esq., and Sb Edward Mostyn of Talacre, Bart., were swom commpn burgesses, AND ITS LOEDSHIP. Igg Sb Edward was president of the Eoyal Eisteddvod at Denbigh as above, and it is observable that he was a Eoman CathoUc. ' 1829, Sept. 29, John WiUiams, Doctor- of-Medicine, vice John Eoberts (of Ruthin) dead. Aldermen, Hugh Lloyd, James V. Horne — Bailiffs, Thomas Hughes Robert Parry. ° ' Five guineas voted annually to the organist and choir of St. Hiiary^s Chapel. 1830, July 1 7, Thomas Hughes, attor ney-at-law, vice John Hughes, Esq. deceased. Same day, Charles Sankey, banker, vice John Parry, Esq. deceased. It is pbservable that Mr Sankey was the only Eoman CathoHo that has sat in the council since the Eeformation. Sept. 21. — The councU decides to give a Grand Coronation Ban quet (on the accession of WiUiam IV.) to aU the resident burgesses, officials, &e, 1830 Aldermen, Samuel Edwardes, John Williams, M.,T>,— BaiUffs, Tho mas Hughes, Charles Sankey. 1831 Aldermen, Samuel Edwardes, Charles Sa,rikey,— BaiUffs, Dr. Wil liams, Thomas Evans. In the same volume we have the names of the recorders, treasurers, coroners, leave-lookers, constables, town-criers, serjeants- at-mace, &c., during the foregoing period of 334 years. CONCLUDING EEMAEKS. These remarks are confined to omissions in, or criticisms upon, the former work. Family of Peake, — This correction of Chapter xxui. (Ancient and Modern Denbigh,) has been forwarded to us by Eichard Peake, Esq., Wbewoods Green, Chepstow. " The burgages (orthe lands whereon buUt) granted hy Henry de Lacy in his charter (o. 1284,) were probably in possession of the family untU 1818, when some cottages in Peake Lane, and a chief rent of eight shUUngs on an adjoining burgage, granted away in 1569, by Hugh Peake, were spld. There can be but Httle doubt that the Peakes and other 'hereditary' tenants of 1334, inherited from private grants of Lacy, lands not alluded to in his charter.* According to Williams' Abereonwy, Hugh, sheriff for Carnarvon shire in 1546 and 1552, and Eichard, sheraff in 1576, were the last Peakes of that place. There appears to be no recorded pedigree of this (no doubt) branch. There is no trace of any Peakes in Lau- * There is, however, no proof of this.— T^e Author, 164 EECOEDS OE DENBIGH. cashbe, though there can be but little doubt that they came thence Theb earUest recorded alUance is with Hulton, deriving thence, from Pontefract and Brierley,, individuals of these three names, and of nine others, derived from Lancashbe or Yorkshire places, had similar grants by the same charter, and the EngHsh families about Denbigh generaUy, had names ofthe same origin, as, Heaton, Eosindale, and Salebury. There is Peck mUl-house, and several Pykes in Lanca shbe ; there was the chace of Peek, and there is the Peak headland in Yorkshbe; and the continuation of the Derby Peak borders Lancashbe, Torkshbe, and Staffordshire. The surname was early in Yorkshbe, but not vrith the Denbigh arms. Peke, Peek, Peek, Peake, simply impHes derivation from a place SO named hy the Saxons. The Derby district Pech became ke, about the time such local surnames became hereditary (c. 1200), but there is no proof of any fainily of Pech, Pic, (surnames existing in 1066- 1121) having become ke, Peche of Kent became Peche, there rebus a Peach with e on it. Eic. de Pek, custos Bolspver, 1190-5, (Leland) was probably Peo. Peche. 1183 is the earUest date of the surname Peke (county Durham) and the arms borne in the counties of York, Derby, Norfolk, Liu- coln, Hereford and Kent, &c., aUude more or less to each other, but not to the Denbigh Arms. The name was in Staffordshbe in 1343, has continued, and is now common there, — tbe arms ' quarterly or a gu, a griffin's head counter-changed;' were possibly there borne, and perhaps allude td Denbigh, as does " cheeky arg. and sab. a saltire ermine," quartered by Patten, for Peake of Bowden, Cheshbe. The Denbigh arms " varied" are assigned in a seventeenth century MS. to Devon and Bedfordshbe, (Edward Peake endowed a school at Biggleswade in 1557) also to Peeke, of Berkshire, vrith the Denbigh crest. The crest of the Eastern Counties family was " a Lion's head erased, pierced vrith an arrow," the Navy famUy's crest is " a Lion's head erased, with across on the neck." " A Lion's head erased," with arms " argt. a saltire gules," is to Peak in dictionaries, all more or less alluding to Denbigh. The Denbigh crest, called " a leopard's face," is on 1600 glass, clearly a Hon's, and is thence copied in the HenUan window. Leopart in old French means ' a lion passant.' The head is, there fore in fact, a lion's front face, as is the mark on plate, ante 1823. (pn plate marks Arch : Journal 1852, by Mr.Octavius Mergan.) For the marriage of Peake and Hulton, p. 194: See pedigrees College of Arms, Sfc. Baines' Lancashire of Hulton of Hulton. Baines (in error) makes Pontefract, the Baron Lacy himself; but it is curious that the arms quartered with Peake in Elizabeth's time for Pontefract are the original " Lacy," without the label, but with a bordure. The arms of Eosindale (traced to 1441,) " quar terly," of Heaton, " bend sable," and Peake " saltire, or one bend crossing another, with more or less sable, (in each EHzabeithan variety) aU point to the same origin, though Henry de Lacy, clearly AND ITS LOEDSHIP. 165 hotfe the Hon rampant purpure. See the beoutiful seal, and Charter, in this work. Perthewig (as suggested by me— Archceologia Cambrensis, 1849, p. 66.) was probably derived, like most other . places, from the nature of its situation, " bush wood," * ' the doe a rebus,' and the tradition from seeing the doe. The nearest tenement is " Berth-bach," and the ground between des cribed by the 1691 deponents, as fuU of thorns, gorse, &c. Coedwig is four mUes west. The deponent, p, 196, was aged 80 ; it- should read " father and mother of H.P. the complainant's grandfather, also to his said grandfather, and after his decease, to H.P., complainant's father, at the time and after complainant was born." The J.C.W. p. 197 calls his grandmother, sister to Mrs. Peake. The Wynnes of Coed Coch, descend from this Throgmorton alUance. See also Anwyl. p. 197 Sf 198. , Page 198. This tablet replaced in 1844, by the writer. This EUzabeth Heaton's daughter was a Garnett, wife of Hugh Peake, the father of the Elizabeth Peake. The last regular resident at Perthewig was Hugh P. who died there S. P. 1697.t — His brother John was in the army at the siege of Tangiers. The three next generations, Hugh, Thomas, and Thomas, where in the profession of the law, the last being the late Mr. Serjeant Peake, the latter's children and grandchildren are the only knpwn descendants ofthe Lleweny, or Perthewig family. ¦ Their early alliances are explained in the Henllan window, and for those further interested in genealogy, a pedigree wiU be found in Burke's Landed Gentry, 1844 & 1857, and at the College of Arms. The quarterings in Henllan vrindow,J are Hulton (from the 1441 authority,) Pontefract, Newport, Brierley, Clare, or Clarke, EUzabethan authority. — ' Garnett,' modern aUiance, ' Budgen' (on an escutcheon of pretence.) The arms of Peake (though only traced to about 1570,) are of the oldest and simplest kind; arms then granted became more compUcated. Peake does not come within the fifty most common names, which hst (Eegistrar's return,) ends with Shaw, and has in it 16th, 19th and 25th, Wood, Green, and HUl, four similar local surnames. Tracings from the signature of every generation, from Hugh Peake, in 1569, shew in favor of Henry of Mayneva, and his brother WUHam,rin 1631, untU 1740. * I cannot see why Ferthewig, may not be simply derived from 'Berth, a bnsh, sbady bush, (for we speak of " cysgod perth, &c) and, ewig a doe ; that is, in strict accordance with the (Welsh) law for the formation of compound words, the doe's bush or doebush, not " bush-doe." But qy. if Perthewig be perth-y-wig, the foreat bush, or brake, as Bachegraig is Baoh-y-graig ? The article g^ anciently was written e. — The Author, t Tablet at Henllan ; part of thia inscription is now worne off; it was "leaving no issue, to continue the name of his ancestors, who has lived there in credit for many generations." X From Ward and Nixohi designed by Charles 'Winston, Esq. 166 EECOEDS OE DENBIGH. This plate illustrates the possible origin of the arms of Peake j the arms of other EngHsh families, in Lleweny, having apparently the same origin. The first shield represents the original arms of Henry dcLacy ; (his grandfather John the first Earl of Lincoln, who died 1240, having had a baton instead of a bend,) Henry certainly Used the "Lion rampant purpure" to Denbigh Charter (1284 ?), and at Carlaverock 1300 ; and it would appear that John had used it ; see Ormerod's Cheshire, 1,^514, and Heylin's Help, ' The second shield is found quartered vrith Peake (time of Eliz^ beth) for John de Pontefract (1284-1300 c), which John, in Baines' Lancashire, the pedigree of Hulton, appears (in error, no doubt) as the Baron John de Looy, grandfather of the first Earl, above ; but Pontefract was the Lacies' property, and these arms are clearly aUusive. The fourth shield exists on glass, and stone, Henllan, Whitchurch, and in MSS., (aU time of EUzabeth) as then used by the fanuly. The sixth was " seen in some " by Holmes in 1625. The seventh exists in glass and MSS., (time Elizabeth) as then used by the famUy, and since that time has been and is now used or gules. The ninth was borne by a Peake ; probably of Staffordshire, and points to the same origin. ¦ The arms of Eosindale and Heaton confirm my suggestion, riz., quarterly or and azure, four roebucks trippant, counterchanged,' Whitchurch, and MSS. (time of Elizabeth), and argent on« herd Sable, three bull's heads, sometimes three deer's heads. Hulton and Salusbury's Lion, may or may not aUude to Lacys. AU the above appear old : are in EUzabethan pedigrees as then inherited ; the seals aUuded to in Lacy's charter possibly had arms on. I trace representations of Hulton's and Eosindale's to 1441. vrith the inscription given, p. 145, {Harl, MSS. 2129.)—^. ^ M. Denbigh. The Chambre Family. — A very pld Latin pedigree of the family, which is now in the possession of Eobert Chambre Vaughan, Esq., of Burlton HaU, Salop, and traces the descent of the Salopian branch up through nineteen generations. " Ex Charta Arthuri de Petton in Com. Salop, Arm. 29 Septembris, Anno 1623." Henricus de Laey, Comes Lincoln. Constabularius Cestrise, Dno. de Eoos & Eewiniock, concessit Johanni Chambre, camerario,_ pro hpmagia & servitip sup. duas , Oaruoatas terrse cum pertinertiis m Lleweny. This Lacy died 1310. " Johannes de Chambre," says our informant, " the first name m the annexed pedigree, is stated in a very old, but exceedingly mu- tUated account of the famUy of Chambre, to have been descended from ' John de la Chambre, a nobelle Normane, whoe ent'red Englaunde in y" traine of Kinge WUUame y' Conqueroure, had two Sonnes, Step * * * * and a da * * * * Mau * * * * ' Much that follows is quite eUegible." Of the first John de Chambre of tn€i^y. ^ W. S. ll?? ir JTa^ ¦ X, AND ITS LOEDSHIP. 167 Denbigh, we read that he came here with De Lacy, and had two aUotments of Land in Lleweny, for his homage and service. JOHANNES DE CHAMBEE, "Who was married to " Ellena dau. of Lodwick de la More." 1 Henricus Chambre,==:Jana filia Blethine Vychan. In the same generation we have Walter Chambre of the county of York. I _ Joshua Chambre,^Katharina filia Edmundi Churl- ton de Powis. His brothers were MUes Chambre, alias Miles the Steward of Scotland, and Ludpvicus Chambre of EUesmere, in Com. Salop. Morgan Chambre,=Anne daughter of Hen : Ferrers. He had four brothers, Henry, Francis, Gawen, and Egidius Chambre, married to a daughter of PoweU de "Whittington. And a sister, CeciUa, wife of Madoc-ap-Evan. Samuel Chambre,=:* * * daughter Tho. Newport MUes. In the same generation we have Stephen, Andrew, Catherine and Dorothy Chambre. | Anthony Chambre=Anne dau. to Peter de Cuw (?) I Hugh Chambre,= * * * dau. of George .Bavens eroft of Denbigh. He had a brother WUliam Chambre. WiUiam Chambre,=Katherine dau. and heir to Jen kin Pigott. He had two brothers ; John Chambre, D.D., Dean of St. Stephen's, Westminster, who died in 1549 : and Hugh Chambres Miles, who espoused * * * dau. and heb to Griffith Vaughan of Powis. Henrv Chambers, son and heb= * * * dau. of WUHam Dutton, •' ofthe Co. of Chester. He had two brothers ; Eobert Chambre, who married EUzabeth Hookes; and Jenkin Chambre, of Burlton, in the Co. of Salop, fa ther of Eichard Chambre of Petton, in the same county, whose descendant afterwards sold Petton estate ; and a sister Margaret, wife of Thomas Conway. iaoberi; Chambres, son and heb=Agneta dau. and heb to Hugh Duckworth. Eobert Chambres,=Margarita, dau. to Foulk Salus bury, second son of Thomas Salusbury, knt. 168 EECOEDS OE DENBIGH. John Chambres,=Dorothy, dau. to Edward Good man, of Euthin. I Henry Chamhres,=Agneta, dau. to Foulk-ap-Tho- mas-ap-Grono. John Chamju-es of Plas Chambres^ Anne, dau. to Charles Myddel ton of Denbigh. Charles Ohambres,^Ellen, dau. to Edward Griffith of HenUan. The Chambres of Salop, are descended from — Jenkin Chambre of Burltpn, third son. Eichard Chambre of Petton:=Maria, dau. to John HiU of Hill Court, Salop, father to Michael Chambre, bailiff of Shrewsbury, in 1583, and 1593. The elder branch became allied to many " famiUes of worship,'' - especially to the Grosvenors, ancestors of the present Marquis of Westminster. John Chambre, son of Jenkin Chambre, abeve named, purchased lands in the Lordships of Lappington, Wem, &c. He lived in 24 Henry VIII. The male lino became extinct in the fifth generation, but the heiress married Philip Vaughan of Burlton, Esq., grandfather of Thomas Vaughan oT Burlton and Plas Thomas, Esq., who married Lowry Nanney, daughter of WUliam Wynne, (Nanney,) Esq., of Maes-y-Neuadd, Co. of Merioneth, by whom he had issue Eobert Chambre Vaughan, Esq., the living inheritor of the estates of Burlton and Woodyate, married to Anna, daughter of the Hon. Edw. Massy : — tissue, John Nanney Chambre Vaughan, eldest son and heb apparent. The Dryhv/rst Family. — There is an emblazoned pedigree of the Dryhursts, drawn up about the year 1629, by some person who evidently understood heraldry. This interesting reUc is now in the possession of J. Jones, Esq., of Groes, and is stiU almost entire. It traces the famUy up through thbteen generations ; and in order to avoid typographical difficulties and " spare our space," we give a part of it in that order. 1st generation.— * * * ert * * * rst of * * * gh lived * * * Ed IIL, 1354. The stars denote the portion torn away. "When en tire, it must, we presume, have been " Eobert Drihurst of Denbigh, lived 27 Edward in." 2nd generation. — Henry Drihurste of Denbigh, lived 5 E. 2 (Eichard II) anno 1382. AND ITS LOEDSHIP. 169 ^d generation. — John Drihurst of Denbigh, lived 9 H. V. A" 1421. ^th generation. — Eawling Drihurst of Denbigh, lived 24 H. VL, A° 1446. He married Emma, daughter of Eobt. fflecher of Denbigh! Uh generation. — Eaphe or Eaffe Drihurst of Denbigh, Hved 23 E. IV. A° 1483. He married Jonnett, daughter and heire to Henry Huntington of Huntington Wood, neere Chester. She was pater- naUy descended from John Wall alias Walley of " Wyrall," in Cheshbe ; and matemaUy from John Warwick, Lord of Upton, in the same county. Qth generotion. — Thomas Drihurst of Denbighe, 24 H. VII. 1509. He married Cicely, daughter and heire to Thomas de Cottingham. She had no land by reason of a gift and composition of her father for being married out of Chester. 1th generation. — Hugh Drihurst of Denbigh, married and had nineteen chUdren by Lucy, daughter and sole heire to Eobt. Grims- diche of Euthland, by Agnes, daughter to Hugh Dutton of Denbigh. %th generation. — 1, Bohert Drihurst of Chester, second sonne, who niarried Margaret, da. and heire of Eobt. * estwick, alderman of Chester, by whom he had one daughter, who had two husbands ; John (Eobt. Holme') Wright of Chester, draper ; Eobt. Jonnes of Chester, glover. The issue of her first marriage was Eobt. Wright of Cheslier ; and of the second marriage John Jonnes, and Alexander Jonnes. 2, Piers Drihurst, fourth sonne, married Sina, daughter of John-ap-Thomas-ap-Eichard of Denbigh, (of Oswestry I£ol7ne,)'bnt died without issue. 3, Bichard Drihurst of Denbigh, fifth sonne, (father of Eichard Drihurst of Chester,) married Janne, daughter and hebe of John Bridlington of Denbigh. 4, Grace Drihurst, who married Henry Conway of Eithland. 5, Janne Drihurst, who mar ried Eichard Myddelton of Denbigh, by whom she had Alderman Sb Hugh Myddelton, Sb Thomas Myddelton, knt., &c. Lord Mayor of London, and several other chUdren ; see monumental brass at "Whitchurch. 6, Thomas Drihurst of Denbigh, (eldest sonne, Hohne.) married Janne, da. to .Tohn Salisbury, Chamberlayne of Northwales, whose descent is given thus : — Salisb * * Leweney (Lleweni) gave th * * in Denb * * Abbey * * * 1304 * * 1389.— Henry Salusbury of Lleweney, s'named the Blacke, whp married Nest, da and heire tp Kenwrick Sais-ap-lthel Vychan pf Northpp. WUliam SaUsbury of Lleweney, whp married Margaret da. and hebe to dd. ap Kenrick- ap-PhUlipe ffichdan. Eaphe SaUsbury of Lleweney,marriedMargaret, da. and heire to Jevan ap Cadowgan ap Llowarch Vychan. Henry Salisbury of Lleweney, Esq. married Agnes, da. and heire to John Cur- ties, Sonne of Sir Arthur Curties, knight. Ould Thomas Salusbury of Lleweney, Esq., married EUzabeth, daughter to S' John Don' rf ¦^^tkington, knight. S' Thomas Salisbury, knighted at BlackfeUd, 4 Z 170 EECOEDS OE DENBIGH. E. IV. married Jannett da. to WiUiam Vaughan of Pentryn, "Esq Chamberlayne of Northwales. John SaUsbury, Chamberlayne of Northwales, father of Janne S. who married Thomas Drihurst. 7, Elizabeth Drihurst, who married Eobt. (Eichard, Hohne) Ashton of Denbigh, father to William Ashton. I 9 th generation. — John Drihurst of Denbigh, who married Janne, daughter to John Lathom of Denbigh. Lucey Drihurst manied John Stanney (Stearmer, Hohne) of Oswestry. 10^^ generation. — 1, Hugh Drihurst, of Denbigh, A° 1629, who married Janne, daughter to Thomas ap John Conway of Potrevan, Esq. 2, Thomas Drihurst of Denbigh, second sonne married Grace dau. to Henry Knowsley of BrynwyUan, * * 3, Bohert Drihurst. 4, John Drihurst. 5, William Drihurst. 6, Richard Drihurst. They had also several daughters, viz : — 1, Janne Drihurst, mai-ried Eoger Conway * * (sonne and heire) to John ayr (?) Conway. 2, Lucy Drihurst, married Eichard Lloid, alias Eossendale of Den bigh. 3, Cicely Drihurst, married to Eichard * * * Esq., by whom she had issue * * * m. Barbara, y* dau. of Jo°- Thelwal of Bath averne, Esq. John, m. y' dau. of Simon Ashpople, and died in HpUand. Bich. Bachelor of Divinitie. Boger * * * * Qaynor m. Jo"- Edds of Keuen-y-wern. Katherine, m. Thomas Knowsley. « * * # jji_ Rich. Blodwel of Oswestrie. Jane, m. Jo"- Lloyd of Bomgay, in Montgomeryshire. Dorithie, m. Eubule Evans, and * * * died younge. Mary Drihurst married Eich. Clough of Lleweney Green, and had issue, Eich. Cloughe of Lleweney Green, who married Jane, daughter to Mr John Lloyd of Moylyrey, hy whom he had Richord, whp m. Luce, da. to Thomas Humphreys, Esq., and John m. dau. of Jo°- Vaughan, Esq. (of Groes). Eich ard Clpugh, sen. had Hkevrise by this Mary Drihurst, Humfrey, WiUiam, John, and Hugh Clough ; Annie, Emme, Mary, Jane, and Grace Clough. Ellen Drihurst married George Langford. Lme Drihurst first married Mr John Lloyd of (Fpx) HaU ; and after to Capt. Piers Salusbury, Esq.; and had issue Jane and Lowry. Jane first married Henry Eoberts, by whom she had issue Jane and EUzabeth ; and afterwards to WUHam Doulben, Esq., by whom she had issue Eichard, (?) John, Mary, David, Barbara, "WUUam, (?) Eichard, (?) Lumley, "WilUam, (?) and Emey. 11*^ generation. — Thomas Drihurst had issue, Thomas, Eichard, John, Grace, and Jane, who married Henry Lathom. Hugh Dri hurst, also son of John, had issue, John Drihurst, sonne and bene, 1629, Hugh and Better Drihurst, and Mary, Lucey, and Anne. Thomas Drihurst, brother to Hugh, was father to Thomas Dri hurst, (of Denbigh,) and Eichard Drihurst of Denbigh, dyer, who married Anne, daughter to Ffoulke Salusbury. The only Uneal male descendant of this famUy now remaining at Denbigh (1859), is Hugh Drihurst, maspn, whp is upwards of eighty AND ITS LOEDSHIP. 171 years of age, who is a son of Eobert Drihurst, son of Edward Dri- liurst, but can trace no higher traditionally. The Clough Family. — In the author's former work, many inter esting facts respecting the Cloughs were omitted. The following is an abridged pedigree of this patrician family — pai^ician so far, at least, as concerns the history of this very old municipality. Eichard Clough, (Missiart Clwch Hen) of Denbigh, who Hved in the reigns of Henry VII. and Henry VIIL, and whose second wife was a daughter of Humphrey HoUand. See notice of the Hollands of Hendrefawr, Abergele, Vaerdre, Kinmel, Terdain, Den bigh, &o. (A. S{ M. Denbigh, p. 200.; Sb Eichard Clough, Knight of the Sepulchre. He travelled much abroad and was Kbighted at Jerusalem, after wards became a partner of Sb Thomas Gresham, (Lord Mayor of London,) and factor to Queen Elizabeth. He "buUt Bachegraig HaU, and Plas Clough, Denbigh, and died at Antwerp, whence his heart was brought in a silver urn to Denbigh. He married the celebrated Catherine (Tudor) of Berain, in the Lordship of Den bigh, a nearer relative of Queen EUzabeth, whp was her guardian. 4 . Roger Salusbury,^ inn, born in 1568, Mary, to whom Sir Richard gave May- son of Sir John y to whom Sir E. gave nan Abbey, now possessed by her de- Bodiau, by Jane Bachegraig, posses- scendant, Spencer "Wynne, third Baron Myddelton. sedbyhercelebrated Newborough. descendant, Hester Lynch Piozzi, Eichard Clough, Born at Antwerp, Sheriff of the Borough of Denbigh in 1596, to whom Sir Eichard gave Plas Clough, possessed by the representative of the famUy in 1856. He was educated at Hart Hall, Oxford, and married Mary, daugh ter of Alderman John Drihurst of Denbigh, by Jane Lathom, dau. of John Lathom of Denbigh. > WiUiam Clough, Borough Sheriff in 1618, and alderman 1620, who married Mary, dau. of John Vaughan of Groes. John Clough, Alderman of Denbigh 1667, who married Susanna, dau. and heb of Owen Smith, Esq. Co. Carnarvon. Hugh Clough of Plas Clough, who married Anne, eldest, dau. of Thomas WUUams, Esq., of Halkin HaU. Hugh Clpugh, educated at Brazenpse CpUege, Oxford, 1726, married Catherine dau, and heb of Henry PoweU, 172 EECOEDS OE DENBIGH. Esq., of Glanywern, by whom he had thirteen chUdrea, three of whom were — Richard, born in 1753, E,oger, born in 1759, Canon Thomas, born in 175S', BA. of Oriel OoU. High of St. Asaph, Eector of Canon of St Asaph, Eeo- Sheriff of Denbigh in Llansannan, 'Vicar of Cor- tor of Denbigh, Vicar of 1782, married Patty, dau. wen, who married Jemima, Nantglyn, who got Hal- of JamesButler,of 'W'arm- dau. and coheir of James kin Hall, died 1 833. Ha inghurst, Esq. Butler, Esq., of Warming- waa married to Dorothea, I hurst Park, Sussex, by dau. of Hedd Lloyd, Esq. Eichard Butler Clough, Martha Dolben, descended of Havodunos, borninl781, Plas Clough from tha Dolbens of Seg- | sold Glanywern. — Miny- rwyd. Thomas Hugh Clough, of don, died in 1844. He | Havodunos, married to was married to Catherine, Tbe last-named Canon Caroline, dau. of R. Price, daughter of the Bev, Eo- Clough had ten children : Esq of Ebiwlas. ger Clough, The Eev. Eoger Butler Clough, 'Vicar of Corwen, born in 1763; James B. Clough of Liverpool, mer chant ; Charles Batler Clough, late Dean of St. Asaph, who was married to Sydney, dau. of Edward Jones, Esq. of 'Wepre Hall, Flint ; Frederic B. Clough, Eecorder of Ruthin ; Alfred Butler Clough, B.D.,F.A.S. Eector of Buranston (1860), born 1796, married Sarah, dau. of E. H. Lamb, Esq., ot Bragborough Hall, Nor thampton, having numerous issue. Among the MSS. in Christ Church Library, Oxford, are some fine poems, by that eminent bard, WUHam Kynwal, in his own handwriting ; as, " Kowyd. marwnad am y Mastr Bhisiart KMch, marchog o Ved. Krist," an Elegiac Ode for Master Eichard Clough, knight of Christ's Sepulchre ; another entitled, " Ko-wyd. i yrru y 'long i nol Mr Bie. Kl-mch a Meistres Katrin adref o Dengmark," an Od'e to send the ship to fetch Mr Eichard Clpugh and Mistress Katherine home from Denmark ; and a thijd, caUed, " Kowyd' i groessawu meistres Katrin adref pa/nfu tu hwnt i'r mor" an Ode to welcome Mistress Katherine home when she was beyond the sea ; \rith an equaUy quaint description of the arms borne by them. — " Pais Maister Bissiart Klwch, marchog o Ved. Krist, a Meistres Katrin i wraic, acres Tudur op Boht. Y Bois honn sy yn her paliyn arwydokaupriodos deilwng rrwngMr Bissiart KMch a Meis tres Katrin. Penn y kiy syd. o rann Kowirdeh yn i wassanaeth dros y pryin's. Y Kroessou o rann santeid'rwyd. pan vu ynghaersalem, Y'lew a'r kled'yf o rann ifenter a chalon." Our translation shaU differ but Httle from that of the immortal Tegid. — " The ' coat,' of Master Eichard Clough, knight of the Sepulchre of Christ, and AND ITS LOEDSHIF. 173 Mistress Catherine his wife, heiress of Tudor ap Eobert : — This coat is per pale, to signify a worthy marriage between Master Eichard Clough and Mistress Catherine. The dog's head because of his sincerity in the service of the princess ; the crosses because of holiness when he was at Jerusalem ; the Hon and sword because of his daring and heart." The silver urn whieh contained the heart of the patriotic knight was coveted and stolen by some Iscariot. N.B. — L and d with a dot, denpte ll and dd, in the original. It is scarcely possible to conceive anything more graphic and humorous than the foUowing description of a ship. I. " Kowyd 'i yrru y 'long i nol m' ric Klwch a meistres Katrin adref o Dengmark," i.e. An Ode to send the Ship to fetch Mr Eichard Clough and Mrs Catherine home from Denmark. (Copied by the late loan Tegid, from the original MS. of WUHam Cynval, in Christ Church Library, Oxford, fol. 11.) Y Uong a geidw Uu yngod : is y mor glas a mavn- glod. KafeU goed' ystafell gau : krud hun uwch kwrr y tonnau. Gwydd heli, gwydd a GoeUpn : gvriber dec aber y donn. Ystyd a chyrt estud chwyrn : -wyd waisc hwyad, wysc heiym Yscw'l ing 'n yscU angor : yscrin mwdwl eithin mor. Yseled wyllt neu 'seeled wyd : yscM ledw, yscol ydwyd. [dw'r. Kafn gorddic kefn y garwddw'r : kwrn uwch gwelw, donn kornchwigl Klwyd ar gais yn kludo 'r gwyr : kist duU sad kasteU sawdwyr. Gwaiso oergnu burw gwascargnwd : gwennol ffrom ar ganol ffrwd. Elor gyrt i lu ar g'oedd : olmari 'n hwyUo moroedd. Klau uwch dw'r, clochdy oerwynt : kassec wyllt yn keissio gwynt. Vn o ffrom wyd, a ffiiw march : a ffroen gau, a ffrwyn gowarch. Prennol a geidw Duw 'r Prynwr: poenffustia 'r daith pennffestr dw'r. Bregia drwy y berw eigiawn : buwch m6r wyd a baich mawr iawn. Taith oervaith, tuthia arw-vor : ty annedd mewn tonnoedd mor. Kyrch burlamp kowarch barlwr : kyfebia 'r daith, kyfrwy 'r dwr. Yna hvryUa vex helynt : a'th hwyl wenn, ac o'th ol wynt. Dos beunydd, bydd Duw 'n dy bart : drossodd at y mastr Eissiart. A thynn oU, ni'th ynnUlb : a markia hafii Dengmark hb. Kyrch wr hael, kowbwyeh hedd : Klwch eginyn kloch Gwynedd, A dwc i'r wlad, na'd yn ol : wawr grysswenn, i wraic rassol. Klaer veistres gynnes i gwedd : Katrin benn kytrann bonedd. Y mae i'r ddau — ^mawredd oedd : ordr maer ar db a moroedd. Pa ynys ? pwy a enwai ? pa sb na bo 'i tb ne 'i tai ? Dithau gida Duw weithian : dec aur Iwyth, a'i dwc i'r lann. Ail wyt, trum heU tremynt : ar y Uanw gwyUt, i'r Uong gynt. Boddes Duw— bu ddwys y die : braw gan wyn berw gwenwynic. Y byd i gyd (bowyd gau) : baich adwyth am bechodau. Ni ddiengodd, hwyliodd helynt : nid doeth, o gof, ond vryth gynt. A Uong Noe wrth oUwng nawdd : wych obaith ! a'i achubawdd. Tithau lestr, taith hwylustec : torr wrth dy fron y donn dec. 174 EECOEDS OE DENBIGH. A novia hwlk henaviaid : y berw o nwyf, heb roi naid. Eiste', — ymddwc yn wastad : escud vodd, a Uusc dy vad. A rred y dwr, 'rryd y donn : a marchog i'r Duw Mebchion. Arwain y mab a rran medd : awdwr gwin i db Gwynedd. A'i da 'n Uawn ynod yn Uwyth : y del i wraig a'i dylwyth. Dof innau, difai annedd : dawn oil ym wyd, dunneU medd. I'th aros draw, uthr ystryd : arth vawr, i berth y Voryd. Siwrneia 'n hawdd nawdd Duw nef : sawdv^raie, a brysia adref. Free Tronslation, Thou ship design'd a crew tp keep, 'Neath the blue surface pf the deep ; Chamber pf wppd, a naiTow ceU, Cradle of sleep, rock'd by the sweU. Goose of the brine, or pinion'd wood ; A spotted viper of the flood ; A duck, which moor'd in eddies rides. With stUts, and cords, and knpts, and slides. A moor-cot in the[^distance lost, A skate on ice, or skUlet toss'd ; An oval dish, a ladder rais'd To climb above the wat'ry waste. A tower on the floods adrift, A lapvring on the waters swift ; A raft which oft a host transports, A coffer buUt like soldiers' forts. A skimmer ofthe foaming deep. As swaUows o'er the cool brooks sweep ; A bier which beams and cords sustain. An ahn-chest, steering o'er the main. The cold wind's belfry of the seas, The ocean-horse that scents the breeze ; A prancing, plunging steed untrain'd, Eestive in hempen halters rein'd. FraU bark ! may God thy treasure save. Belabour on, and stem the wave. Thy course through boUing surges tear, Sea-cow ! thy pond'rous burden bear. Tho' long and rough the passage be. And cold the mansion of the sea. Trim lamps thy canvas parlour Hght, Sit ! saddle of the stream, aright. Dbect thy course through smoother seas. Thy white saU spread to catch the breeze. May God each day thy pUot be To " Master Eichard " o'er the sea ; Pull up ! escape the pbate's hand, Mark weU the hav'n of Denmark's land. AND ITS LOEDSHIP. 175 Bring back in peace that man whose name Is Clough, green branch of Gwynedd's fame. Fetch home to Wales, leave not behind That wife so gracious, fair, and kind. Mistress of hearts so warm and good, Catherine of noblest race and blood. Each has, at pleasure and command A mayor's rule o'er sea and land. "What isle ? what shire ? or who relates Where they've not houses or estates ? Come, O Ship ! at God's command. This golden treasure safely land. Be like that ancient craft of God, On the wUd current of the Flood When vengeance burst upon the world, And men to dark perdition hurl'd ; When boUing seas o'er mountains swept. Eight souls in Noah's ship escap'd. But thou the placid ocean plough In ripples breaking on thy prow ; GUde smoothly on, dark hulk antique, Nor roll in fits, nor leap in freak. On glassy tide-waves sit afloat, And gently tow thy little boat. O'er gUding currents spread thy wing ; The knight to old Dymebchion bring. Safe home that son of Cambria lead, — Dispenser of the vrine and mead.' His wife, and suite, bring back in health. Thy precious cargo — their fair wealth. Then shall my steps to those haUs lead Where gifts abound, and tuns of mead — Yes, I wUl come. Great Northern Bear P To Voryd Port, and wait thee there. Thy course be short ! by God's help come. My Heroine, 0 haste thee home. Glanmoe. The foUowmg is another Elegy by Simwnt Fychan. II. MAEWNAD ElCHAED CLWCH. (O waith Simwnt Fychan) Braw a droes, oer bryder sydd : briw dwfn fal i bu 'r defnydd. Braw anial, briwo Ynys : Brydain a Llundain a'i Uys. 1, Mead, (written in "Welsh medd, but always pronounced " meth," the th as in Seth, sharp,) was a favouiite beverage with the ancients, next to wine in re pute and made of honey. 2, An idea probably suggested by the fact of its being homeward bound from the North Sea ; although its name may have been the Great Bear, or " Tr Arth Vawr." 176 EECOEDS OF DENBIGH. Aeth yr lessu a'i thryssor : a gwres darn o Loegr a'i stor. Marw ddoe hydd, mae 'rwaedd heddyw: MastrClwch,hollWestmi'ster Am Eissiart tymmor yssig : yn mro drwch Cyinru a drig. [a'i clyw. Trist a'r Uif, trostaw ar Ued : trwy gwyn i'w 'r tb i ganed. Y mae dynion am danaw : heb iachau trwy Ddinbych draw. Garw gwyn y' Maehegraig oedd : gan vdlef i genedloedd, Lliaws o'r rhyw Has y rhain : Uesmeiria 'r Uys y' Merain. Troes hiraeth tros i oror : tarrio y mae tu hwnt i'r m6r. Yn Nhroia 'roedd bloedd o'r blaen : a'r eUmodd sy'n yr Almaen. Ein hynys Uas yn unawr : am y braw fu 'n Hambrw fawr. Gwae Anwarp a thb Gwynedd : gau ar bur farchog o'r bedd. Gwae bawb trwy och, gwae bob trem : gau ar sel groes Gaersalem. Ef a'n Uas am wr trasyth : fe aeth y bangc ar feth byth. Hanner marsiant Brenhiniaeth : hynnu yn ol hwnn ai 'n waeth. Hwnn fu 'mddiriaid Uwyrblaid lies : hynod Eas ein Brenhines. Diau rhann fawr p'i dapedd : dann i law yn dwyn elw pedd. Mewn gplud mann i gwelwn : megis Si6b pedd ymgais hwnn. Ni rpe hvwin, heuai 'r henaur — bu ras yw rudd — bris ar aur. E dalodd rhwng i dylwyth : i prdro Ues, aur dri Uwyth. Ifpr ydoedd i frodyr : weithian a wnaeth hwnn yn wyr. A'i genedl hoff, gnawdol had : i gyd a roes ar godiad. Prynodd dboedd, fab breunerth : prynodd a welodd ar werth. Ni fynnodd hyd yn Penis' : un mann heb roe mwy na 'i bris. AdeUodd cyfleodd lys : adaU wenn 9, dal ynys. Gwnai fal Berwig'' neu Fwlen' : gaer galch y' Maehegraig wenn. Main nadd fal y mynnodd fo : main Anwarp y mae 'n yno.~ Main a gwydd mann y gwedda : marblystons* iw 'r mowr-blas da. EiddU wedd, hynn a wyddir : wrth hwnn oedd twr Nimroth' hb. Oes oerfraw y llys eurfron : eissiaw 'n hwy oes yn honn. Troes wedi fyn'd fal trist far : trvyy niwl, i Gatrin alar. Oeres hynn oU Farsia 'n° iaith : acres Tudur wastadiaith. Graddleer wylp ei grudd wyleh : gwiw heulwen frig HeUin Frych. EssyUt dduwipl ddefosiwn : ydoedd hi 'n ddiweddu hwnn. Da, a ni wnaeth Duw o nef: dyn vri wdraul, i ddwyn adref. Da, o'i cyrph eill dau i caid : dwy loer megis daU euraid. Moliant dygiant diogel : mawr i Ann a Mari el. Er marw gwr mawr i gariad : (amhwyUai lu) ymhell o'i wlad. Gyrrodd yw fro, wr gwrdd fraint : ag arwydd att i geraint. I galon (wr haelfron rwydd) wenn a yrrai yn arwydd. Arwydd hael baidd hoewlonn : arwydd haUt i rai oedd honn. Arwydd serch cowbddwys oedd : ar i wlad, gwrol ydoedd. Gwb yw ni yrrwyd o Gred : ag arwydd cynn gywired. I'r Eglwys Wenn, arogl saint : i gyrroedd, galon gowraint. Aed yr enaid, ab wiwnawdd : a fu 'n honn i nef yn hawdd. Transcribed hy W. W. E. Wynn, Esq. of Penniarth, M.P., from the I^orkington MSS., No. 2, a volume containing for the most part 1, "Venice. 2, Berwick-upon-Tweed. 3, Boulogne. 4, Marblestones. 6, Blrs Nimroud. 6, Marsia, queen of Cyhelin, the 24th King of Ancient Britain, AND ITS LOEDSHIP. 177 Elegies and Laudatory Poems upon various ancestors of the Pork- ington famUy, amongst which are several by the celebrated Hugh Morris, not to be found in his printed works. Simunt Vychan, was an eminent poet and gentleman of property of LlaneUdan, who obtained the degree of chief bard, at the Eoyal Eisteddvod, held at Caerwys, in A.D. 1567. III. An Elegiac Poem on the death of Sir Bichard Clough, who was the first of the name. — See his life in Pennanfs Wales, and Fuller's British Worthies. (The original was published some years back, by the Poet Backwell.) O God ! how overflowing this year Are the waters of Noah' over our earth, God has inflicted a stroke upon us : God knows how to impose a heavy penalty, The loss of a saint, who was in unison with good men. Sank Denbigh under a load of ice. Master Eichard, a mighty treasure, Having faUen down, caused a destitute void. Master Clough was great for the munificence of his gifts Even among those who were masters of praise (laudis compotes). I grieve, ah me ! To see the country so sorrowful after him : Alas, alas ! for the hour, a hundred times alas ! Alas ! Jesus ! there is a eause, a great one ; The cotmty is chilled. Duw o'r saig,^ A cold terrible burden to Bachegraig,^ There is after him an increasing sorrow, A chUlness in yonder unhappy Berain,* Alas ! for the surviving Catherine's affliction. The disconsolate appearance of his honourable wife ; The best of women, the daughter of a Squire,* Of the boldness of a hawk* the grandchUd of a knight. Woe to her heart of eminent liberality ; Woe to her fomily of noble'' blood, Her chUdren in prosperity and respect. Prom the same Lion,^ the grandchildren' of Llywarch, May the Divine Jesus long grant them his grace : 1, Cf. Hor. I. a, " Grave ne rediret secnlum Pyrrbse." 2, The dish or cup. 3, Bachegraig, the name of his country seat near Denbigh, built by him A.D. 1567. 4, ^erat'w, the seat of his wife Catherine Tudor, commonly called Catherine of Berain, which place descended with tbe Lleweni estate to tbe beira of her first husband. Sir John Salusbury. 5, Tudyr ap Eobert of Berain. €, Qualem miniatrum, &c.; Sir Roland Veilleville, of Britany, notural son of Hen. 'VIL Governor of Beaumaris Castle, whose only daughter and heiress was mar- ried to Tudyr ap Eobert of Berain.— (/See Note p. US, Angharad Llwgd'sSist. of Anglesea.) 7, She was great granddaughter to Owen Tudor, by Queen Katherine of France, widow of Hen. V. of England, and waa third cousin to Queen Eliz. who was her guardian. 8, Perhaps alluding to the lion rampant, argent, arms of ber 2a 178 EECOEDS OE DENBIGH. And may the two daughters be united to two knights, We praise them ; they are worthy of it : Anne'° and Mary" are our greatness. If long Hfe be granted them, we shall be gratified To hear of Clough's rising posterity. May they prosper more and more : The fame of ancient Llyr's^" daughters was inferior to theb's^ Theb famUy connections, Hke vines," shall be interwoven So as to spread aU over Gwynedd." May the privUege be a comfort to the brothers, To the sisters,'* and theb kindred. Let Eichard depart to Jesus, We shall go to his brother above (he heing gone above.) Master William'^ a mighty dispenser" of hospitality, WUl in his stead gain a noble fame. You shall hear Clough named as a chief. Independent, powerful, and cheerful. The God of heaven in his goodness Gave us, and took away from us, a good man. The age of Jesus the ruler, "^ When the noble chief died, / Oh : July 26, Ten times seven, a perfect number, C A.D. 1570. And a thousand and a half. J I'w'^fyw odiaeth ef ydoedd ') The meaning of these linee Faen tros laenP mor Ventrus oedd, ) -. is to me inapplicable , Some support the weak With theb powerful gold and silver, And then treat them with severity (as heing dependants,) But he treated no one in such a manner, He with his old gold and sUver Assisted the weak, with a truly noble liberality. God unsparingly gave him The goods of this world as a gift. He could command, it was believed, The gold of the Bank,™ with the mere word of his mouth ', family. 9, Or descendants, mpotes. 10, Ann was married to Eoger, eon of Sir John Salusbury of Lleweni, and was heiress of Bachegraig, which was left hy Mrs Piozzi, their lineal descendant, to the late Sir John Salusbury. 11, Mary was married to 'Wm. Wynn of Melai, ancestor of the present Lord Newborough, who inherits from ber the Abbey of Maynan. 12, King Lear. 13, Cf. Psalm 128, 3. 14, North "Wales. 15, Sir Eichard's son married a Drihurst of Denbigh, a family connected with the old Myddeltons, {See Drihurst pedigree in British Museum, p. 8,) and lived at Plas Clongb, Co. Denbigh, possessed by Sir Eichard's descendant in the 7th generation. 16, William was tbe 2nd son. Sir Eichard the Sth sou of Eichard Hea. (or the old) temp. Hen. VIII. The eldest settled at Dunham Massey, Co Cestr. The Srd Humphrey ob. s.p. The 4th Hugh built the Grove House, Denbigh, A.D. 1574 ; and a sister was married to Griff. Sponne or Spenne, of Denbigh. 17, Or bursar. 18, The sense in these lines is not clear. 19, In life he was remarkable ; as a stone over the ice, in enterprise was he. In every adventure he was rapid as a stone over the ice. ¦' raen tros laen," is an old Welsh adage, 20, Pennant states that bis AND ITS LOEDSHIP. 179 His word was firm in grace, (and gracious, courteous.) And was a greater security than a seal for an island. The course of his prosperity^' was full of grace. It is God's grace that bringeth a man prosperity. He was very firm as the Seker^ And unshaken under his Bince.^ He had been at the tomb^^ of Christ, the sight was solemn, Under the sun of Jerusalem. He was very renowned as chief of all At Antwerp-" for a time. How was the object of our regard, our head. The noblest tree of our forest, cut down in Hamhro P^ The north country, the cause of our lengthening regret ! Alas ! for us now : thither he went : A furnace void of Hght is that dbe country, A wrathful furnace, a heUish, cheerless land. God grants the thread of Hfe, And aUots the duration of its existence : No man can prolong Hfe for an hour, Nor his kind friend gain for him two ; He died, — we grieve to know it. And Atropos supplanted him. His body the earth possesses. But his soul, — the Eedeemer. *John Tudoe, one of the Choral of fit. Asaph. Translated from the Welsh, by Morris WUliams, (Niconder,) of Jesus CoUege, Oxford, now Eector of Llanrhyddlad. IV. WELCOME TO CATHEEINE THDOE. " Kowydd i groessawu y meistres Katrin adref pann fu tuwnt ir mor val y kab gwybod wrth y kowydd." Katrin law ruddwin roddiad : Kares wyth lu kroesso i'th wlad. wealth was so great, that "Efe a aeth yn Clough," or be is become a Clough grew into a Proverb, on the attainment of riches by any person. 21, Ful ler says " How much the New Church in Denbigh is beholding to his bounty, I am not as yet certainly informed. Thia is true, that he gave the impropriation of Kilken, in Flintshire, with £100 per annum, to the Free School in Denbigh, and if the same at this day be aliened, I question whether repentance, without restitution, will secure such aa are tbe causers thereof." And Pennant caUa him joint founder of the Eoyal Exchange, with Sir Thos. Gresham. 22, Ex chequer? or Royal Exchange, of which he was oo-founder with Sir Thomaa Gresham. 23, Princess P 24, Having made a pilgrimage to Jerusalem ; he waa created Knight of tbe Holy Sepulchre, and assumed the five crosses for hia arms. 25, Pennant says that he was buried at Antwerp, save bis right band and heart, which were to be placed in an urn in Whitchurch (St. Marcellus, Denbigh), upon the coffin of the last inheritor of his property. 26, Hamburg, and not Edinbro, as a note in the original says. — N'otes chiefly hy the Sev, A, B, Clough, B.D. * Johu Tudor of Wigfair in Ehds, Denbighshire, was ilohn Conway's domestic bard. He was a skilful Herald, and satirised the views of the age very freely. —Note to Wynn's Sist. of Gwydir Family. 180 EECOEDS OE DENBIGH. Dwc y bel, di gel y gwedd : Drwy synwyr, meistres Wynedd. Acres Dudur, loer ebwir" : ap Ehobert hael halbert hb. Wyr Syr Eolant dda i ddm- : 0 Prytaen' dda, frwd dan ddur. Aeth vwch db a'th wych dorriad : Em iaith dee dy vam a'th dad. O du 'r tad gwych' leuad gain, Em wiw bur y mae, Berain. O'th vam reiol merch Eolant : Acres y Buwmares" bant. HwyUaist megis vn helynt : Elen verch GoeP lanfraich gynt. Honn a gerddodd, henw gwbddoeth ; Y mor ar tir, ddyn b ddoeth. Yno, drwy nerth Duw o'r nef : Or daith hydr y doeth adref. Ac val hynn gwiwvawl henwi : Wrth ystad yr aethost di. Gida 'th wr, mewn kyflwr kain, Gwb lendyd, i gaer Lundain. O Lundain, hardd riain hael : I'r Galais,' eurloer gulael. [fawr. A thrwyFfraingk, winvaingk iawnvawr, Hoff lowndres vod, i Pflandis O Prebant,-'' gwarant gebwb : lawn tro peU, i Antwarp hir. Ac y wch wedi, gwych ydoedd : Yn yr Yssbaen wrssib' oedd. Yn Hambrw, uffern henbryd ! 0 vewn Dengmark, bark y byd. Ing die y rhwng i deugwr : Ofer dim ! y bu farw d'wr. Ac i'r ystad at Grist wynn : Yn aeth ef wrth i ofyn. A chwi a ddoeth, eigr goeth gain : I Loegr yn ddyn weddw liwgain.* Yno bu uwch yn unawr : A gwiwras maith groessaw mawr. A'th glod aeth golud weithion, O'r vn sud drwy'r ynys honn, Oddyno yn ddi anab, Oran dyn, heb wyro d'air, Doeth i'th ty (ch) hun, y fun fain, Drwy fovreedd i dre Perain. Llem fu r floedd Ue ir oedd heb wrid, Llann-ufudd yn Uawn ofid. Deubeth oedd, diobaith haint ! Dec eurwawr, ar dy geraint. Eissiau y rrawc yn is Ehos, A hbaeth yn yeh aros. Ness yeh ddyfod i'r frodb, Ni thoddes rhew tew (n) y tb. y gaeaf fu dragowydd, A rhif serch yr haf y sydd. Kyw ffol' yn Ue (r) kyffyloc, Kannaid gwrs, kaned y gog. Yma i(r) 'byd ! bo mawr a bach, 0 lawn bwyU lawen beUach. Iawn drwy Wynedd dbionwych, Ag onpr* klpd ganu (r) klych. Adolwc, bennes dalaur,* Dyn loew wych ! dan wiail aur. Pry na ddos hael linos lan, Vam well o Verain allan. Wiliam Ktnwal. Copied from a Welsh Manuscript (f. 11) in Christ Church Li brary, Oxford, January 29, 1839. (Signed) Tegid. V. ELEOT TO CLOUGH. " Kowydd marwnad am y Mastr Ehissiart Klwch marchog o Vedd Krist." (Although there ore some fine " touches ond strokes," in thefol- a Eobert with the long halberd, b Bretagne in France, c Beaumaris, ofwhich Catherine was heiress, d Helena, mother of Constantine tbe Great, e Calais. /Brebant. g They were worshipped in Spain, h The barbarous word "dynes," was not then used ; dyn waa of both genders, as, " Dyn glan," a handsome man ; " Dyn Uq," a fair woman, i The cuckoo in place ofthe woodcock apring after long winter, j Honour, i With a gold frontlet. AND ITS LOEDSHIP, 181 lowing poem, there is, on the whole, much waste of words. Like the last, it is a wild extravagant effusion, and as such, curious) Bu ddu'r bin, bydd rhew ennyd, Bob rhan o bedwar bann byd ; Mair wyr ! mor Uwyr i'n Uas, Marw dwrn a mur y d'yrnas. O'i restio" bu fawr dristwch — Aes wart clau Mr Eissiart Clwch. Dbwywyd Ue, y mae 'n draoer, Dinbych wenn dau ebwch oer ! Byd hwyrnos, bowyd hirnych, Bryn o ia yw Berain wych. Gwae lu gweled, gwal Gwlen,' Grug o ia 'm Maehegraig wenn. Ni wnn fann, drwy gwynfan draw, Na bo trist y byd trostaw. A fu 'rioed, rhyfawr adwy ! Och lesu ! vyth achos vwy ? Db gyllaeth, drud yw'r goUed, Dbwy, hyU gri, drwy hoU Gred. Gwae o'i gofal gogyfoed, Galon ei wraig lan yrioed. Meistres Katrin, Uin weUau, Merch Dudur, mor wych deidiau. Wylaw, Duw fu ddialwr, Ydyw i gwaith wedi i gwr. lesu a ad a'i had i'w hoi Y Loer ddisseml urddassol. Hon y w 'r iawn, henwer yna, I'w thai teg am ei thad da. Einioes a gaiff, bennaig" gvrin, I'r Uys, bur iarlles Berain. Achwyn i'w ol, gwych iawn oedd. Am Eissiart y mae'r oesoedd. Od aeth Ef i nef, yn war, — I'w genedl yn rhy gynnar, — lawn a roes, y mae'n rasol, O'i Hu Ef oleuni i'w ol : Dwy acres o'r un dorriad, Draw 'n hir i gadw tb i lad. Un y w Ann hael, mae'n wenn hi, Ar elw mawr ; aU yw Mari. Yn vyw hapus, vwy hepU, 0 waed yr rhai'n y daw'r hii. Ni adan', dwy hynodwawr, Uchod Hn Klychiaid i lawr. Dbyfedd iownwedd yna, Dyfu o had i tad da. Ef fynnodd i'w vyw ennyd, WeUau ar bawb oU o'r byd, Yn gedyrn hwnn a gododd, I hobl ; rhoe gan' nobl yn rhodd. I'w frodyr doe, bu frwydr dydd, A chwerw gvryn i'w chwiorydd. Yr oedd deg, hardd diwygiad ! Yn aeron teg o'r un tad. Oed lesu fu, devris fodd, Di gam, pan y degymmodd, Pymtheg cant, tyfiant ofer, Pum saith ddwywaith, mae'n daith deg.* WUliam Klwch a'i lymwaew clau, O'r Uu gwyr yw 'r llew gorau. Bu benn Kapdenn" i'r brenin, Bu ddewr draw, val baedd i'r drin. Iawn ddedly hwn yn ddidlawd, E geidw y fro gwedi i frawd. Tomas, Wmffrai, Huw dduvriol, A Ehobart rwyddwart-'; ar ol. Ann, Alis, rhoen' win eUwaith, Ac EUn deg, Luned iaith. Llyna imp pell a wnai i part, Llawn o ras, now-Uin Eissiart. Dyna wiwlu dan wylaw, Dwyn i brawd a wnai y braw. Gannthaw 'r oedd Ue y gwnaeth i ran, Gowaeth dugset waith diogan, Ni ddug hwnn, o ddig kynnar, Wrth arian rann y gwann gwar. Er hen aur hwnn ni yrrai. Neb yn wb o'i tb ne'i tai. Y da a rodd, nid ar waU, Hael pur i helpio arall. A'i dryssor ef a drwssiawdd, Ei dy 'n y nef, dyna nawdd, [Salem.' Bu'n Ehufain sain',' bu 'n nhref Sem,* Bu 'nghor Sawl' bu 'nghaer a From arrest, arrestio. b Wall of Cologne, e Chief or leader, d A.D. 1570. e Captain, chief captain. / The riches of a duke. g Some of Saints. 7t The town of Shem, probably trefhevt has the old sense, distinct territoiy, pa trimony, &o.; the ity Zama at the head of the Tigris, is by some said to be so called, from the patriarch Shem. i Saul's Chapel, j Or, Gaersalem, Jeruaalem. 182 EECOEDS OE DENBIGH. Bu ar vedd Krist, bur vodd kred, Pell gynnyrch, bu Ue e'i ganed. Ef fu Ue 'r aeth, veUy 'r oedd, Oes nafd lesu i nefoed, Ac ymhob gwlad, breiniad brau, Ufudd wr ef oedd orau. Ei gorff sydd gynnyrch gwynwaith, Obry o vewn Hambrw vaith. A'i galon, hawdd i'n goeUaw, Ebwch drom ! yn Ninbych draw. A'i enaid at frenhinoedd, Aeth i nef, penaeth in oedd. William Ktnwal. The Salusbury Family. — For further notice of this iUustrious family see Lleweuy. But perhaps nothing could be more truly laughable than the foUowing method of proving a man a gentleman. " This is truly coppied from the originali, w""" was made for Mr Foulke Salisbury, to be produced for him in the Earle Marshalls Courte, in a sute betwixt him and Samuel Martyn of Chester Mar chant, there dependinge beinge for scandalous words spoken against the nation in generaU, & the SaHsburies in generaU, & him the sayd Foulke Salisbury in particular, by the said Martyn ; to w""" 1 am wittnesse & procured the same descent." Band. Holme ofChester, aldr.. Deputy to the Office of Armes. To all xtain people to whom this present writing shall come to be seene or read, Greetinge, in our Lord God Everlastinge, Know ye that whereas Mr Foulke SaUsbury, one of the 24 aldermen of the Citty of Chester, and also one of his Majesties Coroners for the sayd citty is desbous to bave a Certyficaie of his descent, that the same . may appeare by good Testimony, for to remayne vpon record for his future posterity, & also to cleare all doubtes and questions, that ether now are or hereafter may arise conserninge his progeny, hath requested vs his kinsmen, beinge descended of the same blood and the lord 13s. 5d. rent of his share, and 8s. for the year's herbage. The township of Boydneskau {Bodysgaw) with the hamlet of Messekay {Maesycae') contains 721f acres. The thbd part, caUed GaveU Kendalo ap Talhaern ( Gavael Cynddelw ap Talhaiarn) held by free tenants, an* the remainder, called Wele Kenrek ap TaUiaem and Wele Tudur ap Talhaern, was in the tenure of bond tenants. Thomas de "Wliitacre, WiUiam de Waverham, Henry de Lynesey, Madoc and Kenet Vaghan, John son of Thomas the MUler, and Eobert son of William de Bulkelegh, paid the lord yearly AND ITS LOEDSHIP. 209 £6 5s. 4fd. for about 318| acres. The services of the bondsmen were valued at 8s. 8|d. per annum. The lord had also 10s. for the year's herbage. And 29s. Old. rent of 73^ acres at Messekay, held by Margaret Brodfot {Broadfoot), John le Fisher, Henry de BiUing, and WUliam de Waverham. The township of Caerueduemuth (Carwedfynydd) consisted of 9 1 gavels, and was whoUy in the hands of free tenants, who paid 10s. OJd. tung, and 69s. 5Jd. as provision for the prince. It contained upwards of 1094| acres, of which 325^ belonged to the lord, who had 47s. 6d. annually. But more than one half was aUowed to the (original) free natives of " Asbret Canon and Beryn." The lord's portion of the herbage was charged at 26s. 8d. per annum to the commonalty. The township of Dyncaduell (Dincadvael) , — One half of this township was mortgaged by Hoydyl ap Ithel to Prince Llewelyn ap lorwerth for £12, &c., and that prince gave this mortgage to a certain lady-love of his called TanguesteU Goch, who sold the same to a certain Canon ap Lauwaroh, whose descendants hold the same moiety to this day. Tune-rent, 2s. 4f d. It contained 263 acres — odd. The lord had 5s. from the waste. The township of Beryn (Berain) contained 737 acres, 22 poles, in 7^ gavels, the whole of which was in the lord's hands, and was an English settlement held by Thomas and Adam Faber, Eobert de Suytale, Eichard Whitacre, John, Eichard, and Eobert Games- ley, John de Symunston, Eoger, Henry, and Adam de Clifton, Eobert de Plesynton, Henry ByUyng, Thomas de Mostone and Thomas his son, WUliam, Henry, and Eoger de Shadde, Eichard de Halton, Eobert de Walton, Thomas de Whitacre, John Wade, WUliam son of Hugh del Broke, Henry de Clyderowe, Adam de Frodesham, WiUiam and John Buckele, Margery and Simon de Hallum, John de Whytacre and his vrife, Thomas de Whytacre, Matilda daughter of Eichard de Golden, John son of Thomas de Heende, Margery and Eichard Brodfot, Eobert de Hulton, sen., and John Shenyngton, who paid £13 9s. O^d. annually for 420^ acres. The (Welsh) bondmen paid £1 3s. 7d. and one mite, in Heu of va rious services. Water-miU rent 66s. 8d., common 6s. 8d. The township ofTalabryn, (Talybryn,) contained 560 acres li rood, 2e 210' EECOEDS OE DENBIGH. 14 perches. Eent £8 6s. OJd., services and tung 4s. S^d., common 6s. 8d.. but which the tenants claimed to have by a grant from the Earl of Lincoln. The township of Penporghethl, (Penporchell,) a purely Welsh settlement, of 1048| acres, tune-rent and services 16s. 5d., acreages 32s. 6Jd., herbage of woods, &c., 25s. Divers "tenants of Lleweny, Astret Canon, Beryn, &c., claimed the rest, in exchange for their inheritances. The township of Tuyssok, (Twysog) was, under the princes, held by bond tenants, who paid 7s. 6d. tung, services 4s. lO^d.; present rent 48s. lOf d. for one messuage, and 104 acres 3f-roods 16 perchesi, the rest was aUowed to the priodorion of Denbigh and Lleweny in exchange. Herbage 12s. yearly. The township of Taldrogh (Taldrach) — In the time of the prin ces, one-half of this township was held by the descendants of Seisel ap Canon, (Seisyllt ah Cynan) and the other half by bond tenants, who rendered 12d. for " tung," and 18s. OJd. annually for services, &c. The lord's portion of the whole " vill," which contained above 3641 acres, was 155 acres 39 poles, besides the portion aUotted to the freemen of Lleweny. Blethin le Bowere, and Eobert de Grene- feld, paid 30s. Id. for 62 acres 1^ rood. The lord took no profit from "the rest, except 10s. yearly for the herbage. GENEEALITIES. It appears that in the time of the princes, it was the custom to make prorision for one staUion and one groomof the prince,for oneday and one night, not only at, or on account ofthe house of every freeman who had no under-tenants ; but, for the house of every free tenant, and also for the house of every native of this commote ; and this custom was valued at 2id. per house, in an old survey. But now they only paid one penny each yearly, at the Feast ofthe Exaltation of the Holy Cross. Nevertheless, in the eighth year of Edward III. there were 126 freemen who " had houses over theb heads," and of these, 13 had 74 free under tenants, so that the custom, was then worth 15s. 7d. per annum. And there were 56 natives who had " houses over their heads," and theb provision was worth 4s. 8d. per annum. The free tenants of Wyryon Pythle, (Wyrion PyUau ? wyrion for descendants,) and Wyryon Eimon, in Prees, AND ITS LOEDSHIP. ¦ 211 were excepted, because they paid this custom in Eos Ughdulas, &c. So also the priodorion of Nantglyn y Saint. And in the time of the princes all the freemen and natives of this oommote, (see error, page 58, in confining the duty to those of Taldrach alone,) were accustomed to construct and maintain at their own cost, a haU, chamber, wardrobe, chapel, wash-house, &c., for the prince at Denbigh. " Omnes liberi et nativi istius commoti solehant construere et sustinere sumptibus eorum, apud Dynbiegh, pro principe, unam aulam, unam cameram, cum gordroha ; et unam capellam, et etiom unam loteleriam, et unam pistrinam. Ef etiam fiecere . ei sustinere sepes circa curiam principis, ^c. And now since the time of the Earl of Lincoln, they paid Id. yearly for buUding houses ; except the grandchUdren of Pythle, and the grand children of Eimon in Prees. Value of other customs, Sfc. — Ofiice and fees ofthe raglot £6 10s., judge 35s., ringUd £6, chief-forester £7 4s. 4d., serjeant of the •peace 64s., raglot of avowries and rent of men in avowry 66s. 8d.,, amobrage, "merchet and heywite," with fees £8 10s. Total, £35 10s. Eeliefs, chattels of intestates, escheats, and perquisites of courts £53 6s. 8d. Perquisites of forest-courts, dead and fall wood, loppings, bees, and honey £6 4s. Herbage of the waste of Hauodelwe, (Hovodelwy,) 650 acres, 20s. Waste of Galgheved, 374 acres, 20s. Total, 40s. Tung 54s. Ofd. and one mite, butter 27s. lOd., castle guard 3s. 7d., prince's servants £6 2s. Ifd. and one-, mite, from free tenants ; and £4 5s. 9|d. from bond tenants ; for two horses and two men 24s. 7d., raglot's horse, stallions and grooms 20s. 3d.; dogs 20s. 5d., penmack and " wession byghain " 10s. 2|d., crunnocks (erynogau) of oats 9s. 4d., buildings, &c., houses 20s., mUls 19s. 8d., " ardreth" 37s. 6id., harvest work 22s. lid., "treth" (tax) 2s. 4|d. Sum total of aU the farms £276 18s. 3|d., forest herbage £4 lis. So the value of the Commote of Issalet was £394 17s. 6id. yearly, which might be raised to £34 lis. 9id. more. CONCLUDING EEMAEKS. Henllan, which should, perhaps, have been noticed in the fore going chapter, is an outlying municipal suburb of Denbigh mentioned in Pope Nicholas's Taxation (a.d. 1291), as a chapel belonging to the Cathedral of St. Asaph. "Henllan est capella 212 EECOEDS OF DENBIGH. Cathedralis Eccl. Prebend. Decane, 20 marc." In the retum made to Archbishop Parker (a.d. 1560), we have "Henllan, Humfredus Martevalls-water, presbyter, vicar, residens." The present church, an ugly modem substitute for the ancient chapel, stands at some distance from the old steeple ; a fact which has afforded some disciple of Dean Swift an occasion to perpetrate a libel upon the peaceable and good vUlagers, thus : — " HenUan church and Henllan steeple. Are true emhlems of the people ; AU at variance — where 's the wonder. When church and steeple are asunder ? " The old chapel contained many very ancient memorials, see A. Sf M. Denbigh, p. 195, and further notice of the Peakes in this work. There are some fine monuments in the present church ; the oldest are those of Hugh Peake a.d. 1601, Agnes Peake a.d. 1618, WUHam Vaughan (of Groes) a.d. 1661. Here also lie past generations of the Ffoulkeses of Eriviatt, Salusburies and Joneses of GaUtfaenan,' Davieses of Llannerch, Griffiths of Gam, Hea- tons of Plas Heaton, &c.* Nantglyn. — In the retum of a.d. 1560, we find " Nanclyn — Dominus Johannes de Nanclyn, presbyter, vicar, residens," There are no old monuments except the foUowing : — Hie jacet Corpus Mar. Wynn uxor John's Wynn de Garthm.' Arm et ffl Owen Price de Garthe" ac Nantmeth.' W. Wynn de Me.'' fil et Mar fil Eic. Clough Merc. Copt. Gresh. et sa. sep. ord. E.Q. et Cathar. de Berain. Sepult. 19 die januar. Ano. Dom. 1682. Hie etiam humat : est corpus ja. fil Johns et Mar. Wynn Supra ex uxor Fulk Wynn de Nantglyn Can. Genek. ib. die Mart Ano. Dom. 1701. E.P. The church is a smaU edifice of no architectural pretensions. * The new district churches of Trefnant and Bylohau, are handsome structures ; indeed, the former is a superb little ediflce. 1, GarthmeUio. 2, Garthewin. 3, Nantmel. 4, Melai. AND ITS LOEDSHIP. 213 Here repose the ashes of the learned and great Dr. Owen Pughe, his eminent son Aneurin Owen, Esq., and excellent grand son WUHam Owen, Esq. ; and the Welsh poet and grammarian Eobert Davies, commonly caUed " The Bard of Nantglyn." This secluded glen also gave bbth to "Dr. David Samwell," who accompanied Captain Cook in his voyage round the world, and to the celebrated actress Mrs. Jordan. LLANNEEYDD, Supposed (by Browne Willis) to be the "Llandyd" ofthe Toxatio (1291) ofwhich it is said— " JJsf capel, Cath, Ecel, Prebend, Athael Vachan," who was then the chancellor. In 1560, "John Lewes (was) vicar of Llanevith." The author had uo reply respecting the monumental inscriptions, &c. The church (lately " restored ") commands a fine view of the distant sea. The old manor-house of Beram is stiU standing, and the remains of a very ancient mUitary work crowning the hiU caUed Moel-y-Gaer. The whole of Isaled is hUly, vrith many fertile little vales and glens, sheltered woody nooks, and some " hungry hUl-tops," as Cam den would have said. It is weU watered, especiaUy the western part, a clay-slate region. There is a broad belt of sheU-Hmestone, and some under-lying free-stone in the neighbourhood of Denbigh, in the eastern and northern parts. Ffoulkes of Eriviatt, — This is a very ancient famUy (descended in the male line from Marchudd, founder of the Eighth Eoyal Tribe of North Wales), now represented by Major Jocelyn Ffoulkes, — married to Mary Anne, eldest daughter of Sb WUHam Beauchamp, Bart., of Langley Park, Norfolk. The surname Ffoulkes was fbst assumed about a.d. 1572, by John Wyn ap Fowk (of Eriviatt) ap Thomas ap Gronwy ap levan ap Einion ap Ednyfed ap David Llwyd ap lorwerth ap Tegwared ap Iddon or Ithon, ap Idnerth ap Edryd ap Jonathan Prince of Abergele, who died A.D. 856. The late John PoweU Efoulkes, Esq., brother to Henry Ffoulkes, D.D., principal of Jesus CoUege, Oxford (ma temaUy descended from the Cloughs of Glanywern,) was also father to the Eev. Henry PoweU Ffoulkes, M.A., of Llandysil, Edmund Salusbury Ffoulkes, late feUow of Jesus CoUege, Oxford ; and to WiUiam Wynne Ffoulkes, Esq., barrister on the North Wales cbcuit, who is weU-known in the antiquarian world. CHAPTER XVI. DE BECKELE'S SUETEY CONTINUED^ — COMMOTE , OE ISDTTLAS — DINOEBEN EAWE, KINMEL, TYLGAETH, BODEOCHWYN, MEIEOD, CEGIDOG, DINOEBEN BACH, EAEEDEE, ST. GEOEGE, HENDEEGYDA, SEEIOE, NANT, PENIAETB:, ABEEGELE — ITS HISTOEY, ANTIQUITIES, ETC. — TALHATION, CUSTOMS, ETC. " EOOS ISDULAS." The lord had nothing anciently belonging to the lordship here, but the manor of " Dynnorbyn Vaur," (Dinorben Fawr.) The tovmship of Wykewere, (now Wigfair,) with Kyhnail and Bodroghyn.— Grono ap Madoc Vaghan, and other free tenants, ap-' parently of the same famUy, paid 6s. ll|d. tune-rent. The Welsh bond tenants paid 18s. 8f d. annually as provision for the prince. Other bondmen of Wyckewere, and Bodroghyn, paid 2s. 3|d. tunc- ' rent. Also for rent of hens at the Nativity of our Lord 8d. or eight hens, forty-two days' work in autumn 5s. 6d., four vessels of butter' or 13s. 4d., for prince's servants 8s. l^d., raglot's horse 13id., other horses and men 8s. 4d., release of offices 10s. The " viU " of Wykewere contained 1072 acres 3^ roods of land, wood, and waste, the hamlet of Kylmail (Kinmel) 160| acres, and Boydroghyn 1340 acres, in aU 2573 acres IJ rood. Of this, the lord's portion by es cheat, was 1638 acres 1| rood. The allowance to divers priodorion of Lleweny and Astret Canon, in exchange for theb old patrimonies, was 175 acres 3 roods. Hugh de Hulton, Llewelyn ap Eignon Goch, Ithel Loyd ap Cad, Eees and Kenet ap MoUler (Meilir or Maelor ?) and Gron. Vaghan, held one " place " of 219 acres 1| rood 15 perches, for which they " rendered " 112s. 2d. The com monalty also paid 13s. 4d. for the herbage of 227 acres 3 roods 15 perches of common. And there was a water-miU there, the eighth part of which belonged to the lord,* held by HeUin ap Watte for 6s. 8d. per annum, besides 8s. 4d. for the attachment of a web. * This mill must have heen on the Elwy. It was probably the " original". of t'he present Wigfair mill. AND ITS LOEDSHIP. 215 At Plasnewydd Ceftimebiadog, said to be the first house in the country " roofed vrith stone," that is, slated, is the foUowing in scription upon a fine oak wainscoting, " Anno Domini 1583, Eta. .Etatis mei Fulconi ap Bob. 43. G. H. Deum Time." Bodrog'^yn. — Here Wladus vergh Edenowyn, Eignon and David Loyd, HeUin ap Eignon Goch, and Eignon Voyl paid 54s. 8d. for 139 acres 1 rood of land, and 26i acres 32 perches of waste, andthe community 55s. for the herbage of the rest of the lord's portion. There was also a water-mUl here, the twelfth part of whieh belonged to the lord, and was let at 16d. per annum. The origin of the Bodrochwyn miU, its small rent, compared vrith that of Wickwer mill, arising no doubt from a deficient supply of water.* Kilmail. — Eignon Loyd and other tenants at Kinmel paid 28s. 9jd. for 46| acres ^ rood of land, and the commonalty 4s. yearly for the herbage of the lord's waste. The township of Meyvyot (Meivod) contained 360 acres, andwas held by free and bond Welsh tenants, who paid 4s.2d. tung, 3 1 vessels of butter or 25s., and 75 dishes of meal or 3s. IJd., and 15 thraves of oats or 53. to the prince, year by year. About 60 acres had faUen to the lord as escheat, and 21 acres by default of tenants. Of this 50 acres g rood were let to Welsh tenants for 15s. 3f d. per annum. The rest of the lord's share brought in 10s. 2d. yearly, as pasture. And there was a water-miU here let at £6 10s. This was the original Meivod MUl, and the high rent (for that age) proves it to have been an important mUl, being then, as now, amply suppUed ¦with water. The township of Kylkydyok (Ceigdog, St. George,) contained 245 acres of land and waste. The Welsh tenants paid 3s. 5|d. tune-rent ; and 3J vessels and the 40th part of a vessel of butter or 10s. lid., and three dishes 3i vessels of meal, 61 thraves of oats or 2s. 2d., and 9 hens worth Id. each, and 27 days' reaping in harvest or 3s. 4id. every year to the prince. The lord's portion containing 98 acres 6 perches, of which one tuthyn (tyddyn), one house, and 4 places— 87 acres 7 perches were let for 54s. 6d. to Eden ap Madoc * Bodrochwyn was ths palace of Braint Hir, founder of one ofthe 'Welsh tribes. The great caves in the Dolben Eocks, and the ruin of Capel Mair, and Bedd y Cawr at Cefnmeitiadog, are worth a visit. 216 EECOEDS OE DENBIGH. and David ap M. Vaghan, Margery de Clyderowe, John de Ponte fract, Leuky wrek (wraig) David, and David Vaghan, Porthour ; and the rest went to the advantage of the tenants. The township of Dynorbyn Vaghan (Dinorben Bach) contained 163 acres, for a part of which certain Welsh tenants paid 14^. tung, and to the prince 4 vessels of butter, the Sth part, the 16th part, and the 32nd part of a vessel, or 14s. Ofd.; and 42 dishes of meal or 21id.; and 8^ thraves of oats, and one-fourth part of a thrave or 2s. lid. yearly. The lord's part consisted of 42 acres 1| rood 10 perches let for 14s. 6d. The community also paid 5s. 6d. annuaUy for the herbage of the rest. The township of Taldragh, (now Tylgarth or Tulgarth,) contain ed 62 acres of land, held by Yockyn de Tilgart, and bond tenantsj whose rents and customs were valued at 2l8. lid. per annum. It appears that in consequence of a dearth (on faUure of crops) the tenants here had migrated, leaving theb tenements in the' lord's hands, who had re-let them to others, at the above rents, payable at the Pentecost, and the Feast of St. Michael the Archangel. The manor of Dynorbyn Vour (Dinorben Vawr). — The site of the manor of Dinorbyn, in which there is one good grange, and another almost laid waste, exeept the green inclosure, one granary or bam, and one byre or cowhouse, and one dUapidated shed for hay and forage, containing altogether 2 acres and 1 perch, and the easements of the houses and court are worth 5s. per annum. And there is one ruinous dovecot here, which if repabed, would be worth 6s. 8d. per annum. Total, lis. 6d. The whole of the arable land was 243 acres 3^ roods 15 perches, which was worth £13 lis. 5d. per annum ; meadow land 22 acres 33 perches, worth 60s. 8d. Other pasture, 72 acres 32 perches, worth £4 6s. Oid.; waste, caUed Pendinas, covered with worthless brushwood, 14s. Adam Anneisone, Adam the son of Eichard, John de Eothlan (John of Euddlan), and Eichard del Nant rented 28 acres 1| rood, at 33s. 6d. a-year. Perquisites of the eourts 13s. 4d. Total value of the manor, £24 lOs. 7id. per annum.— Dinorben was, therefore, an old " decayed " manor, five hundred years back, and is the site of a miUtary fortification or camp, whose origin history has not recorded. All the " dins " or " dyns," are of very high antiquity ; ^hey are rem- AND ITS LOEDSHIP. 217 nantsofthe pre-historic age. Ainong Englynion BedJau Ynys Prydain, we have " Bed Ketin henben f Bedd Cetin unben ? En aeluit Dynorben." ( Yn aelwyd Dinorben: If the last version be the correct one, we may translate it — The grave of king Ketin In the hearth of " Dinorbin." "Hearth" probably alludes to his " funeral pUe," the "burning" made for him. The 'hamlet of Mayrdreve (now Vardre or Y Faerdref) There was also a certain hamlet called Mayrdreve, belonging to the manor of Dynorbyn, which in the time of the princes was wholly in the hands of bond tenants ; and now the occupiers rendered 35s. lOd. annually. And William Cam, John de Eothelon, John de Ponte fract, Eobert de Castleford, and others, paid 25s. 8d. for 38-1 acres of this hamlet. So the manor aforesaid, with this hamlet, was worth £27 17s. l-Jd. per annum. In after ages, this was the patri mony of the Hollands, — also of Hendrevawr and Kinmel.* St. George is a lovely village, resting on the lap of a woody hill, commanding a magnificent view of sea and land. The princely do main of Kinmel with its wooded parks, immediately on the right the extensive plain into which the Vale oL Clwyd spreads seaward, with the navigable and tidal river — from Voryd to Ehudd- lan Castle — the towns of Ehj'l, and Abergele — the long line of the Yale HiUs in the eastern background, and the wide blue sea on the north dotted over with the white sail of ships bound to and from all parts of the world, form a panorama which cannot weU be ex celled in any part of Wales. In the Taxation of A. D. 1291, St. George occurs as " Kegydawc, VI. -marc, and ZOd." ; in the retum of A.D. 1560, as " Ganiat," (Dolga-nad) " alias Kegidoek, Dominus John ap Ellis, rector, residens" The advowson formerly belonged to the Lords of Denbigh, and the living is still in the gift ofthe ¦ Queen as lady of the manor. In the days of bygone superstition, the woods caUed Coedymeibion, Parcymeirch, Nantddu, &c., were the noted haunts of ghosts, sprites, and fairies, and it was popularly * The late "William Lewia Hughes, Eaq. of Kinmel, was created Baron of Dinorben, but leaving no issue male, the title died with bim. The estate pasaed to bis nephew Hu^b Robert Hughea, Eaq , the present proprietor. 2f 218 EECOEDS OF DENBIGH. believed that the " imprint " of the shoes of St. George's horse were left on some of the coping-stones of the churchyard-wall, ever since his terrible confUct here with the dragon. There is a very perfect remnant of an ancient military work crowning the conical hiU, caUed Parc-y-mebch, so named say some of our guide books, (upon what authority we know not,) because Owen Gwynedd's horse (soldiers) occupied this strong post during his war with Henry II. of England, and tradition says that it was the signal station of the Welsh aidecamps, when the battles of Ehuddlan Marsh were fought. There is a remarkable spring in Nantddu, powerful in winter, but cut off in summer. The township of Hendregeda (Hendregyda) contained 1299 acres of land, wood, and waste, held by free tenants in two " lecta " (wele or wely). The first " wele " was divided into six gavels, andthe second into four. These tenants, who were all Welsh, paid 7s. 6d. " tung " yearly. The lord's share, was 275 acres 1^ rood, of which 139 acres 1 rood, and 6 acres of meadow, were let to English and Welsh tenants, among whom were John de Pontefract, Dionisius de Bathe, Henry Talbot, Thomas Brown, Agnes de Stretton, and WenthHan daughter and heir of Eobert de Borehathe, Wenthlian Goz (Goch), David Trewe, and Ithel Coch, who paid 105s. 5f d. yearly. And the cornmonalty paid 17s. l|d. for the herbage of the wastes. ' And there was a mUl there common to the lord and the coheirs ofthe township. The fourth part of this mUl belonged to the lord, and the community held it to farm. There was another mUl caUed (Melin) Bragod, which belonged to the lord and was held by Dionisius do Bagh, and Henry de Clyderowe, at a rent of 66s. 8d. a year. — It becomes a question, Were these two miUs on the rivulet which runs through Abergele town ? It is remarkable that De Beekele does not teU us whether these were water or ¦wind-mUls. Let the original water-mUl called Melin-y-dre be one, and there stands upon the summit of a high hiU to the south-east by south of the town, the remarkable ruin of a smaU round tower, now serving as a landmark for ships at sea, which tradition says was once a wind-miU, and hence the hUl goes by the name of " Allt-y-feUn--wynt," or WindmiU HUl. It has two entrances, north and south, and once had four windows in the upper storey, and a fire-place. It was per- AND ITS LOEDSHIP. 219 haps intended to be thirty feet high, but, unlUte our modern miU towers, it does not taper upwards so as to form the frustrum of a cone. The masonry is rough Umestone rubble, with some brick work imbedded in mortar hardened by the chemical consolidation of ages. There was only one miU in A.D. 1311, and that described as at Abergele. The hamlet of Serior, which formerly belonged to Grono ap Hei- lin Seye, (Sais ?) who died contrary to the peace, contained 206 acres 1 rood of land, wood and waste, now arrented to Welsh tenants, who paid 68s. 9d. per annum, for the whole ; being, for the above reason, the lord's escheat. - The township of Dynhengroen, (or Dynheugron, qy. Dinhengron, the ancient round fort ?) contained 872 acres, held in 24 gavels ; of which 17| gavels were held by free, and the rest by bond tenants — Yevan ap Wylkyn Lloyd, Eignon and Yevan Vaghan, who paid lis. 5fd. tung, and 29s. lljd. for provision for the prince. The bond gavels in the lord's hands, paid 20|d tune-rent, 4d. for hens, and 2s. 4d. for autumn or harvest work. The lord's portion con sisted of 311 acres 25 perches. And of the hamlet palled Dynand, (Dunont, Deunont, othervrise Nant Dinhengroen, now Nant and Nentydd^ containing 120 acres, the lord had 42 acres 3 roods of land, &c. And there was also another hamlet caUed Pennarth, (Peniarth^ containing 477 acres, of which the lord had 170|^ acres 12 perches of wood and waste. Madoc Vaghan, Yevan Goch, Eig non Hydyr, and other Welsh tenants, held one tithin, (tyddyn,) 230 acres 1^ rood 5 perches, for 104s. lid. yearly. The community also paid the lord 10s. yearly for the herbage of one waste, and 5s. for another common. Also in The hamlet of Pennart* 20 aqres 1 rood held by Welsh tenants for 6s. 4|'d. a year, and 149 acres 3 roods 12 perches, belonging to the lord, for which the community paid 16s. 4d. per annum. And there was a water-miU here (which must have been on the river Dulas, or on the tributary stream passing Peniarth Fawr. Query, MeUn y Cwymp ?) the thbd part and the 32nd part of which be longed to the lord, and was held by Eden Duy, who paid 10s. a year for the lord's share. * Now Peniarth Fa-wr and Peniarth Bach. 220 liECOEDS or Denbigh. The townships of Garthewin and Trovarth. — 'Tliese belong to Isdulas, and are given in the Inquisition of a.d. 1811, but omitted here. The former, sometimes called " Trovert," belongs to Llan fair- Talhaiarn, the latter to Eettws-yn-Ehos,* which contains five townships ; — Peniartli, Bodlyman, Maesegwig, Cilcen, and Trovarth. The old church was taken down in 1S83, and the present neat structure raised upon the same site. The oldest decipherable tomb is the one erected in mem ory of John Vaughan of Pantglas, date a.d. 1661. Indeed, there are no antiquities here, except a tumulus, called JBet?(?-y- Cab- TFr, near Frithycastell, Deheufryn, said to be raised overthe remains of one hundred men slain in one of the early wars. There were here, as in many other parishes, some curious customs respecting the col lection of tithes, as described in a terrier of 1791. • " In taking up the tithe-lambs, it has been customary, time out of mind, to have the whole flock in the same fold, and for the owner to choose one first, and the tithe-gatherer the second ; and if there be more than one due for tithe, then the owner chooses another,' and the tithe- gatherer chooses the second, and so on. Out of three pigs at a litter, and out of three young geese in a fiock, one is paid for tithe, and if there be three and twenty young geese or so many pigs, one only is paid for tithe. In dividing lambs or geese between the rector and vicar, the vicar has the odds, as out of thirteen the vicar had nine, and the rector four ; the parish-clerk ' the bell-sheaf.' " * Accoidlng to some philologists, Bettws is an old Celtic word, which signi fied " something between a mountain and a valley," a hollow, a depressed tjble-Iand, an inhabitad hospitable nook among barren hills, aud nobody now tnows wbatelae. Olhera take Bettws, Bettus, Bettous, to be a corruption oi Abbot- houic J or oi Beadhouse, A Boii of oratory, an opeu bouse of prayer, where no priest usually ofiiciated, bnt where wayfarers turned for purposes of devotion. Io after timea, the covered open poro'ies of churchyards, were substituted for tuoh places of prayer, and the beajhousea became regular chapels. So say some. On the roadside, nearly half-way to Abergele, atauds a cottage called Bryn- gwyn, which deserves passiug not;ce, aa the first door Opened to Methodist itin erant preachers in this part ot Wales. And here, a long age back, in times of persecution, they were wont to meet, for private religioua " fellowship,'' then vulgaily called " y weddi dowyll," or the dark prayer. They had then no e'lapels in the country, but weut about preaching repentance, chiefly to gay and riotous Sabbath-breakera; on dancing-banks, gipsey-grounds, and highway crossings. AND ITS LOEDSHIP. 221 At Abergele, egg-tithe was collected in kind, and there was a tra dition that formerly every tenth milking was brought in paUs and placed upon the churchyard-waU. The Eev. Dr. Jones of Penyrallt, Abergele, was the first to lay the foundation of a charity school here, for teaching the principles of the Christian Faith and the Welsh Language for ever. The schoolmaster, (who should be the sexton for the time being, if qualified and willing,) was to have half-a-crown when the child had learned his horn-book, five shUlings when he could master his primer, and 2s. 6d. more when he could read a chapter or psalm, proper names excepted. This was confined to five chUdren, but the vicar and parishioners of Bettws provided for five more, making the master's salary in 1724, £5 per annum ! He was to teach them upon Sundays aud holidays, if they could not come to him on other days, bring them to church twice on the Lord's day, and keep them from all " dancing-banlvs," (tympathau dawnsio,) interludes, and all such unlawful assemblies upon the Sabbath. Every boy who could say his catechism in Lent to have five shiUings. Now there is a large endowment. ABEEGELE. The township of Abbergelleue, (see p. 107,) contained 1831 acres 3 roods of land, wood, and waste, wholly in the tenure of free tenants. To a fourth part of this township belonged two whole hamlets, viz.. The hamlet of Bodleman, containing 152 acres of land, wood, and waste ; and The hamlet of Messegewyk, (Maesegwick,) containing 1226 acres of land, and wood ; held by Jevan ap Cad. Vaghan, Jevan ap Eig non Vaghan, Jor. ap Gr. ap Bleth. YleweU, Gron. ap Beth, and Tudr. his brother, Yevan Vaghan, Mad. ap Tudr. ap Mad., Jevan ap Eign. Vaghan, Yevan ap Mad. Vaghan, Mad. ap Eignon Vaghan, ap Eignon, Ken. Loyd ap Ken. Vaghan, Tudr. Vaghan ap Tudr. Jevan ap Gron. Vaghan ap Gron., and Tudr. his brother, Day ap Tudr., David ap Eign. Vaghan, Mad. ap Eign. Vaghan, who paid 15s. Ifd. tung yearly, and 58s. Sfd. provision for the prince. TheB urg of Abergeleu.— And there werehere twenty-nine burgages (town-houses) and one oven, held by Thomas Brown, John de Pon tefract, Eobert de Castleford, Henry Talbot, Wenthlian daughter 222 EECOEDS OF DENBIGH. of Eobert de Borebach, Dionisius Wa;the, John de Bourghes, Henry de Jockenhale, Jor. ap Griffud, Adam Arnold and his son Eobert, Simon de Bache, EUas de Borebache, William de Doncaster, Eichard de WyrhaUe, Eobert son of Eobert de Pontefract, Leweli ap Pie., Henry de Clyderowe, Eoger de Burches, Agnes de Stratton, and Margaret de Clyderowe, who paid 20s. Id. forthe same yearly. And Eobert de Castleford, Henry Talbot, John de Pontefract, Adam Arnald, and Eobert his son, and David Sayer, held eight "places" of land here, and "tertium partem aule placitorum"*sA, a rent of 16s.lOd. a year. Ajid there was a dovecot near the Pele (the Pil or Peel, from a web or dam) which Denis de Bathe held to farm together ¦with the place ofthe Pele, for 13s. 4d. a year. He also farmed the tolls of the fabs and markets here for £8 10s. a year. And John de Pontefract, Thomas Brown, Margaret de Clyderowe, and the heb of Eobert de Borebathe, WUHam Eussell, Adam Arnald, John de Burches, Henry Talbot, Alan de Cravene, Elias Bourebathe, Denis de Bach, Mad. Martyn, and Eichard de Hoyland, held several par cels of land round the town. GENEEALITIES. The bond tenants rendered 48 hens or 4s. and 36 cribars (cribyn-. aid), of oats or 3s. ; and 864 eggs and 36 lambs or 9s. and 168 days' work in harvest or 21s. The bond tenants who did not give butter, for being exempt from serving the office of reeve, to pay 10s. Ploughing and harrowing by the bond tenants of Meyvyot, KUky- dok, and Dynorbyn Vaghan, on an average, worth 3s.; brushwood for repabs of hedges 2s. All the tenants, bond and free, paid the lord yearly 60s. 8d. for provision for foresters. Total, one year with another, £17 7s. 7f d., and one mite. Office of raglot and fees 100s., ringUd £4 2s., judge 20s., chief forester 40s., servants of the peace 60s., advowries and rents of men in advowry 20s., amobrages £10. Total value of offices £26 2s., perquisites and fines of courts £20, forest courts do. 20s. Valueofthemanorof Dynorbyn, which * The third part of the senate-house, or town hall. The author once saw a very old brass token coined at Abergele. Many yeara back, a large vase con taining ancient coin was found buried near Brynhuddug' on the way to St. George. According to tradition, the " Harp Inn " occupies the site of the ancient jail. AND 1*S LOEDSHIl". 223 was in demesne, £24 10s. 7id.— Total, rent, customs, farms, &c.,in Isdulas £153 7s. 6|d. and one mite yeariy, ploughing, harrowing, brushwood, forest issues, courts, &c., making it £199 3s. 2|d. for the whole commote, and it might be made £17 8s. lid. more yearly. CONCLUDING EEMAEKS. That quaint old writer, Leland, speaking of the region three hun dred years ago, says, " Ise Dulesse is good for corne ; as whete, rye, peasen, and benes, with verie good free pasture and medois." It is almost whoUy a limestone region ; bounded on .the north by the Irish Sea, on the west by the river Dulas, on the south by the romantic Elwy, and on the east by the conventional Hue of boundary which divides Denbighshire from Flintshbe. Immediately to the south of the town of Abergele stands a very high and steep rock_ covered with wood to its summit. On the top of this rock is one ofthe most perfect and almost inaccessible Ancient British (or Eoman) fortifications on this island, called CasteU-y-Cawr, or Giant's Castle, from which a most magnificent view is obtained — of mountain, plain, and ocean. Here, as others have observed, are some of the largest and most perfect Eoman mines in this kingdom. The mountain is cut across by a supposed Eoman fosse caUed Fos-y-bleiddiaid, or the Wolves' fosse, an example of what could be done before the invention of gunpowder, although the chasm may have been produced by prime val earthquake. In driving a level, towards the close of the last century, the miners discovered that the Eomans had been deep in the bowels of the earth. " They had foUowed the vein, where it was large enough to admit a man, and where it opened into a large chamber they had cleared it quite away. Some curious hammers and other tools were found almost decayed to dust, -srith the golden hUt of a Eoman sword." The level which drains these works partly suppUes the tovyn with water. The mines at Cae'rgwaith, at the foot of the same hiU, are comparatively modern, and were, we be Ueve, very productive until the water became too great for the means of drainage then applicable. A few years since, a considerable sum was expended here upon buUdings and powerftU machinery ; but, some how or other, the works, with every prospect of success, were abandoned. The " bowels " of this -great rock have been proved to form a vast magazine of wealth. Some forty years ag-o, lead was 224 EECOEDS OE DENBIGH. raised in solid masses of several hundred- weights each, out ofa shaft about a furlong to the east of the last-named spot, but the specula tors had not the means to compete with the constant influx of water. The old mines of Tyddyn Morgan, in the same hill, were wonderfully productive a century back. It has been handed down to the writer, amongst famUy traditions, that hat-fulls of old guineas were then sported about by the managers on the monthly reckoning days. These worlrings are supposed to be exhausted. Still farther west are the old mines of Cefnogo', so called from one of the largest caverns in Europe, which has a sort of natural Gothic grand entrance from the north. Somb thirty or forty years back, a large sum was ex pended in driving a level under this mountain without meeting with anything worth the research and outlay. There is a remarkable periodical spring at the foot of Castell y Cawr, called Pfynnon Ithel ; and a perennial spring in the Gwern- ydd or Pens, near the beach called Y Pfynnawndol, rising in what is popularly believed to be a bottomless pit. And there was a tradition that a young man was once ploughing near it, when the horses took fright, plunged into this " vasty deep," and neither team nor man was ever more seen. There is also an insignificant old " holy well " near Bryncoch, called Efynnon Eflo, (Elfod?) to which crowds formerly flocked every Easter-Day moming, drank of its sacred water for their soul's health, and practised hydromancy, to know how long they were to Hve. The great cavern at Tanyrogo', was formerly believed to be " enchanted " and to contain hidden treasures, guarded by a great dog of a supernatural species, kept here by the Three Fairy Sisters whose footmarks were always to be seen in the mud of a smaU lodgement of water within the mouth of the cavern. It is also said that many years ago, in quarrying at TwU-Llwynog (fox-hole) the fossil remains of gigantic individuals of the human species " an- tedeluvian giants," were found in crevices of this rock. The ancient circular camps of Gor ddyn Mawr,* and Castell y Cawr (the ancient Dinhengron), overhanging the plain of Abergele, belong to a system of fortifications of very high antiquity, command- * Y Wyddfa, or observatory, an ancient miUtary watch-post. AND ITS LOEDSHIP. 225 ing the hiUs on both sides of the Vale of Clwyd. And there can be no question that the present Castle of Denbigh stands on the former site of one of this series of " camp-works "—the ancient "Dinbych." There was once a small miUtary-work, or tumulus, on the right bank of the brook, at Abergele, near the Peel ; upon which tradition said a " castell-pren," a wooden castle or turret, once stood. It is stUl caUed " the Mount," — rectius mound. " In the time ofthe princes" Abergele gave the title oi Lords to the representatives ofthe "Eoyal House of Brynfanigle." After the Con quest, it was, as we have seen, a smaU EngHsh burg or municipaUty, and held its fabs and markets — no doubt by charter from De Lacy or Edward I. The extraordinary dimensions of the church, and the fact that it had two or more chapebies, would lead us to suppose that it was intended for something more than a mere parish church. We have the name of Elbodius, who was appointed by the Pope, Archbishop of North Wales, (a.d. 750,) connected with an endovnnent of this church — " A'r Escop Elvod a roddes lain o dir i'r Ecclwys ar yr avon Geleu." Bettws-yn-Ehos is commonly caUed Bettws Abergele, and in a MS. of Thomas Prys of Plas Yolyn, an antiquary who flourished about 1560 to 1619, we find " Bettws was formerly (or ever) a chapel to Abergele. Their feast (wakes) is on St'. Michael's Day as weU as in Abergele." It was not so described in a.d. 1291, for in the Taxation we have " Bettwe xiv marc, vicor, ejusdem vi marc. 25d." But Llangystenyn was a chapeby — " Eccl. de Abergeleu, cum capella sua Langustenin annex. Prebend. Archidiaconi, et taxatur inferius cum vedem li marc, vicar, xv marc." The present townships of Abergele are Tre' r dre', Towyn,* Bodoryn, Bottegwal, Hendregyda, Dolganed, Serior, Brynffanigl, Nant, Garthgogo, Gwrych (in which Gvwych Castle Park, &c. is situated), and Penrhyn Dulas. The foUowing is a list of the vicars of Abergele, since a.d. 1537, John Gethyn, 1556 John Eoberts, 1570 Hugh ab Owen, 1582, John * Upper and Lower Towyn, now dotted all over with cottages, farm-houses, watering villas, &c., from Penaarn to 'Voryd, was evidently uninclosed in De Beekele's time — a sandy plain, diversified with small salt-lakes, called "ceinciau," or creeks. 2g 226 EECOEDS OP DENBIGH. 1611 Eichard Lloyd, B.D., 1613 Gabriel Parry, B.D., 1653 Vaughan Thomas Caster (a Presbyterian), 1657 John Connant, D.D., 1662 Henry Pugh, M.A., 1671 David Lloyd, M.A., 1775 WiUiam WUUams, 1684 David Maurice, 1702 Peter WilUams, 1796 John Griffiths, 1716 Thomas Jones, D.D., # * # Lewis Anwyl, * * * * Evan Williams, 1777 Williarn Stoddart,* 1794 Eichard Jackson, ****** James Meredith, M.A., now vicar and honorarj'- canon of St. Asaph. The oldest terrier, only dates from 1710. On the great bell, is the foUowing passage, " Os meum annunciahit latodem tuam," my mouth shaU set forth thy praise. Before the others were recast (in 1844), one of them, at least, bore the names of some of the Lloyds of Gwyrch — maternal ancestors of the present Lloyd Hesketh Bamford Hesketh, Esq. Tradition once spoke of a still older bell, called the Great Crack-bell of Abergele, which was heard aU over the wide spread parish, and from a place on the utmost bounds of the present palish of Bettws — upon the mountain plain going to Eglwysfach — caUed Vownog Bhydd, or the free turbury. A silver goblet, bearing the initials — " H. H. PH. L L. H L., 1601," a silver paten presented by Bishop Barrow in 1685, and two plated flagons with " D. ID. Ecclesio Abergele Gul''"" Stoddart, A.M., Sfc, vicarius, A.D. 1778," constitute the communion service. There are no very old memorials of the dead. Some of the HoUands of Hendrefawr He here. " There is a tradition," says Canon Meredith, " that they originally came from England, and settled first in a house called, after their residence, " Llawendai," from the cbcumstance of their being very mei-ry people, and theb incessant fiddling from moming till night. This house is in the township of Dolganed. There is a memorial of the last male of the race, Eoger HoUand, whose daughter and heb, Catherine Holland, married William Parry, of Llvrjrn Inne (near Wrexham), Esq., &c." There was once in tbe churchyard an ornamental "table- tomb " with the inscription—" EHYS AP DAFYDD AP HOWEL * The clochyddion, or pariah-clerks, aince 1783, — William Parry, previously of Bodoryn, upwards of thirty years, Eichard Smallwood, John 'Vaughan, and William Hughes. AND ITS LOEDSHIP. 227 A GLADDED YMMA— (EDEAN YN HAEGLWYDD 1595." According to tradition, he was owner of Hendre-ucha', and died of the "cornwyd," or great plague; hence no sexton would ever open this grave. The ashes of the celebrated Dr. Maurice of Nant lie here, under a tomb-stone bearing the arms of Owen Gwynedd and a laudatory Latin inscription, date 1702, age 76. Tradition also records that he was a divine of deep learning, a great preacher, and remarkable for his godliness, but not without some chUdish crotchets of faith, one of which was that he should be interred in tbe most eastern corner of the chm-chyard, in order that, as a pastor, he might rise before his fiock at the sound of the trump of judgment. Over his old fire-place at Nant, is the rather odd inscription : M. FVMVS D: A: W: G: MI: 1666. s. The Castle is a princely mansion, erected within the last fifty years, and while the extensive and beautiful park was gradually heing formed, one cottage and farm after another disappeared. Old Gwrych HaU, of which just a fragment remains, stood close on the beach ; and here the celebrated Mrs Hemans spent the days of her childhood. There has always been a tradition, or popular opinion, that the original Abergele was overwhelmed by the sea, a calamity believed ' to have occurred about the eighth or ninth century. " A stone tablet without a date, set in the churchyard wall, close to the north gate, is adduced as a proof of the iuroads of the sea. This stone does not bear on the face of it any signs of great antiquity ; but there a is tradition among old people, that the present one is only a copy of another of far more ancient date. On the other side of the wall, there is to be seen a piece of a very old stone with portions of letters not now decipherable. This is held to be the original. The inscription on the stone at present in existence runs thus : — Yma mae'n gorwedd Yn mynwent Mihangel Gwr oedd ei annedd Dab mUldir yn y Gogledd. The English of which is : 228 EECOEDS OF DENBIGH. Here Hes In the Churchyard of St. Michael A man who had his residence Three mUes to the North." That is, about two and a half mUes out to sea. The second Une is evidently an interpolation. Leave this line out, and you have something like the ancient Welsh verse called " Triban MUwr," The Soldier's Triplet. But might it not have been Yma mae'n gorwedd Gwr oedd ei annedd Yn Mprfa Ehianedd — Dab miUtb i'r gogledd ? Or the thbd Hue might have been the second, for Abergele un doubtedly stands in the remnant of Morfa Ehianedd, a coast plain which once stretched from the Point of Ab in Flintshire, round Orme's Head, to the eastern banks of the Conway. The greater part of this region is now deep sea, known to mariners as the Abergele Eoads. The remains of forest trees and bog-peat have, from time to time, been grubbed up "near low-water mark," and many fishermen's cots, and even green fields over which our grandsbes gamboled, have been washed away by the encroaching sway of the tide. END. CONTENTS. CHAPTER I. The Lordship of Denbigh fifty years after the Conquest of Wales. Da Beekele's Survey. Extent, valuation, tenantry, customs, &o., including the Divisions of the Lordship. Commote of Ceinmyrch, now Cinmerch. Manor of Ystrad Owain. Manor of Cilffwrn, Kilfurn, now Kilford. Tenants, &c. Concluding Remarks, — Boundaries and physical features of the Hundreds of Rhos and Rhuvouiog. Uchdalas and Isdulas, Uchaled and Isaled. The Grays, Lacies, Myddeltons, Cottons, Maurices, and Conways. Antiquities, — Whitchurch or Eglwys- Wenn, Llys Gwenllian, and Hen Ddinbych in the desert 14 CHAPTER II. Ancient Welsh Laws and Customs. The feudal condition of youth un der the Welsh Princes, old statute divisions of land. De Beekele's Survey continued — Segrwyd, tenantry, rents, and services. Segrwyd Park, an English Settlement. Garthynwch, &c. Concluding Remarks. — Genealogy of the Dolbens, &c 31 CHAPTER IU. De Beekele's Survey continued — ^Prion, Brynbagyl, Cernyfed, Esceir- wen, Postyn, Ysceibion, Bachymbyd, Llwyn, Llawesog, Brynlluarth, Caserwyd, Llech, Cilcedig or Clicedig, &c. Tenantry, rents, customs, sferrices, officers, forests, courts, valuation, &c. Concluding Remarks. — Boundaries and natural features, geology, &c., of the " English Commote of Caymergh.'' Llanrhaiadyr ; Cave at Prion, St. Dyfnog's Well, old Church, wonderful preservation of the body of Mrs C. Parry, the Jesse Window and its story, ancient and curious inscriptions, &c. Archseologi cal dispute touching Thomas Plantagenet, Earl of Lancaster, set at rest. Decay and extinction of the English "Colony" here, The Wildings, Peakes, and Bbohenshaws, last surviving descendants of the old English settlers. John Birchenshaw Abbot of Chester. A Poem descriptive of his character and times, written about the close of the fifteenth century. Llanynys, &c 56 CHAPTER IV. De Beekele's Survey continued — Commote of Isaled. The Castle, Parks, and Borough of Denbigh. Tenure of land, &c., in the times ofthe Prince* of Wales. English settlers after the Conquest. Concluding 230 CONTENTS. Remarks. — Edward I. conducting the war, and other affairs of hia king dom at Denbigh 62 CHAPTER V. The Municipal History of Denbigh, Corporate Eecords, Recorders, Town-clerks, &c. Curious Table of Court Fees, &c. Original Letters of Hugh Myddelton, &c 69 CHAPTER VL Representative Burgesses of Denbigh and its contributory constituencies; Ruthin, Holt, and Wrexham, from a.d. 1542 to the present time. Notices of Families, &c. Other original Letters of Hugh Myddelton, &c 78 CHAPTER VII. County Elections. Members of Parliament for Denbighshire, from the earliest record to the present day 82 CHAPTER VIIL A complete List ofthe High Sheriffs of the County of Denbigh, from the reign of Henry VIII. to the present year. Concluding Remarks. — Gutto'r Glynn's laudatory Ode to .John ap Edward of Glynn, upon that chieftain's return from an expedition connected with the Wars of the Roses, (a.d. 1467-72 ) Simwnt Vychan's Eulogy to John Lloyd of Yale, High Sheriff in A.D. 1551. Curious " Marriage List " of the sisters of Henry Salusbury. A laudatory Poem dedicated to William Eyton, of Watstay, now Wynnstay. Welsh Epitaph of John Trevor at Gresford. Ancient Welsh Airs, and composers of Music 98 CHAPTER IX. The Postmortem Inquisition touching the Estates of Henry de Lacy, Earl of Lincoln,— from the evidence taken before the jurors at Denbigh, on Midsummer (Sunday) a.d. 1311, with a Translation, and Summary of Valuation ; including the particulars of all the Commotes ; Denbigh and all the surrounding Townships ; Abergele, and all Isdulas, in detail. 108 CHAPTER X. Denbigh under Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester. The draft of agree ment drawn up between him and the tenants of the Lordship — a curious legal document 113 CHAPTER XI. A Valuation of the Lordship of Denbigh after the death of the Earl of Leicester, and Remembrances of Denbigh by Sir John Popham, with notes by Lord Burleigh, a.d. 1590 118 CONTENTS. 231 CHAPTER XII. The Original Charter in Norman French, preserved amongst the Re cords ofthe Corporation, date ante a.d. 1290 124 CHAPTER XHI. Corporate Records continued — Municipal Elections, Capital Burgesses or Common Councilmen, Aldermen, Borough Sheriffs, Memorable Events, &c., for 334 years, and relating more or less to nearly all the chief families in North Wales. Sketches and Pedigrees of the Peakes, Dri- hursts, Clough's, Salusburies ; including many curious " notices " of Sir Richard Clough, Knight of Sepulchre, and Catherine Tudor of Berain. Odes and Elegies by William Cynval, Sion Tudur, and Simwnt Vychan ; with notes and translations, by Tegid, Nicander, and others 183 CHAPTER XIV. De Beekele's Survey resumed — Liberties of the Borough of Denbigh. Townships of Lleweny, Ystrad Canon, Galltfaenan, Gwaenynog, &c. English Colony, Valuation, Customs, &c. Further notice of the Salus bury Family. Salusbury Poems. Odes and Elegy to Sir Thomas Salusbury, temp. Henry VII. Eulogy upon Sir John y Bodiau. An Ode of praise to Foulk Salusbury, the first Protestant dean of St. Asaph. The Myddelton Family. The Davieses of Llannerch. Mediseval Poems. Ode to the Lord Herbert, upon his military expedition into North Wales in the time of the Wars ofthe Roses. A Poem on the battle of Banbury Field. Lineage of the Eoyal House of Tudor 206 CHAPTER XV. De Beekele's Survey continued — The remaining part of the Commote of Isaled. Nantglyn, Prys, Bodeiliog, Llechryd, Bodysgaw, Maesycae, Carwedfynydd, Dincadfael, Berain, Talybryn, Twysog, and Taldrach. Valuation and Customs. Henllan, Nantglyn, and Llannefydd. Ancient FamiUes, &c. Foulkes' of Eriviatt, &c 213 CHAPTER XVI. De Beekele's Survey continued— Commote of Isdulas. Dinorben, Kinmel, Tylgarth, Bodrochwyn, Meifod, Cegidog, Faerdre, St. George, Hendregyda, Serior, Nant, Peniarth, Abergele. — History, antiquities, natural curiosities, caves, wells, and traditions. Formerly an English municipality, Chapebies of Bettws and Llangystenyn, &c., Gwrych Castle, Old Gwrych. Mrs Hemans. Encroachments of the Sea, &c., &c.... 228 ¦Wrexham : Printed by George Bayley, " Advertiser " Buildings, Hope-street. 3 9002