LincolnBhire Folk Namea for plants. 7. " YJkLIl«'¥]MII¥El^S2ir¥« Lincolnshire Folk Names FOR PLANTS. ? ? ? This short catalogue has been collefted by many workers during the last three years, while I have been making researches concerning the Flora of the County. The names have been taken in part from the few topographical works which contain loca;l plant lists, more rarely from casual notices in the county newspapers, and most frequently from the lips of country people, by one or other of the colledtors for the public Herbar ium and future Flora. Every known source of information has been gone through, including the Glossaries of the late J. E. Brogden, Esq., Edward Peacock, Esq., and the Rev. R. E. G. Cole, as weP as Messrs. Britten and Holland's English Plant Names. Ea,ch of these works has been found a valuable mine of fadis — the latter has been especially helpful in every way. The following gentlemen, also, have kindly read through the whole manuscript, and made additions of names and localities : — H. Wallis Kew, Esq. ; J. Burtt Davy, Esq. ; the Rev. R. E. G. Cole; as well as Miss M. G. W. Peacock and Miss W. Fowler. Will my readers who reinember or hear names not yet included in this catalogue kindly communicate them to me ? It is my intention to republish this list, with any additions that may come in, as an appendix to the Flora of Lificolnshire that I am preparing. To insure absolute accuracy of identification, green specimens of the plants referred to should be inclosed B Supplement to lines. N. & ^., .lipril, 1894. along with the letter giving the new " word-names." The scientific nomenclature is that of Messrs. Britten and Holland, or, where that fails me, of the Sth edition of the London Catalogue. The wapentake, hundred, liberty, soke, borough, or parish in which each name is still commonly used is always given where it is known; in the case of Press notices it is some times found impossible to add them. The name of a parish is always followed by a letter signifying whether it is the division of Lindsey, Kesteven, or Holland. The phrases " a common," or " the general name," explain themselves. For instance, Damson is the general name for the plum, said to have been introduced into this country from Damascus, and which, as far as my present information goes, is called by no other ; while Furze, Gosse, and JVhin are each a common name for one shrub Ulex europaeus, L. In conclusion, I wish to thank all those who have in any way helped me with this catalogue. E. Adrian Woodruffe -Peacock. Cadney Vicarage, Brigg. AARON'S BEARD.— 5/iHn?fl salic'ifolia, L. ; North-west Lindsey.— E. P. AARON'S ROD. — Verhascum Thapsus, L. ; Winterton, L. " So called from its tall straight stem." — B. & H. ARBAHAM, ISAAC, and JACOB. — I, Borago orientalis, L. ; 2, Symphytum iifficinale, L. ; 3, Echium -vulgare, h. ; 4., Pulmmaria offkinaiis, L. i, 3, & 4, Bottesford, L. ; i, Boultham, K. So called from the three shades in the faded, freshly-opened flowers, and buds. — E. A. W.-P. ACORN-TREE.— ^OTBi Rsiur, L. ; Cadney, L. ADAM and EVE. — j^rum maculatum, L. ; North-west Lindsey — E. P. ADAM'S APPLE. — Epihhium hirsutum, L. ; Brandon, K. — J. B. D. ADAM'S FLANNEL.— ^erteiam Thapsus, L. ; North Lines.— B. & H. AGRIMONY. — Agr'momci Eupatoria, L. j Howsham and Sturton-by-Stowe, L. ; Grafl^oe and Fulbeck, K. " Boiled with Wood Betony — Stachys Betmica, Benth — and a root of Dandelion, to make a cooling drink." — R. E. G. C. "An ingredient in Herb-beer." J. B. D. 'AIRIFF.=See Hairiff. AKE. — Quercus Rohur, L. — See Halliwell's Dili'ionary. Obsolete ? ALDER, WILD. — CEgopedium Podagraria, L. ; Grantham, K. ALIWAYS.- Wright's Diaionary says " Aloes." Obsolete ? ALL-GOOD. — Chenopodium Bonus Henricus, L. ; Cadney, L. AMERICAN WEED.— £Wm canadensis, Mich. — General. APOSTOLINE ?— See B. & H. Obsolete. ANISE. — The seeds of Pimpinella Anisum, L. AROMATIC ORCHIS.— flaicnaWa conopsea, Benth. ; Louth, L.— H. W. K. ARSE-SMART. — Polygonum Persicara, L. ; North-west Lindsey. ASH. — Fraxinus excelsior, L. j General. ASH-KEYS.— The fruit of Fraxinus excelsior, L. ; Bottesford and North Kelsey, L. ASH-PLANT. — A sapling, or perhaps rather a young shoot from an old stump, of Fraxinus exeehtor, L. ; Bottesford, L. ASH-WE^D. — CEgopodium podegraria, L. ; Fulbeck, K.— J. B. D. ASPIN. — Tilia parmfolia, L. ; Lea, L. AUTUMN-CROCijS.— Oi/c^icam autumnale, L. ; Ashby and Bigby, L., in which parishes it is found wild now. BACHELOR'S BUTTONS.— i, The garden form of the iiisy— Bellis perennis, L. ; 2, Sometimes a very small garden rose; 3, A small double-flowered form of Ranunculus acris, L. ; 4, Kerria Japonica, L. 1, i, and 3, Bottesford, L. ; 4, South Kelsey, L. BAD-MAN'S-PLAYTHING.— ^f&V/ea Millefolium, L. ; Grimsby,L.— W. R. BALSAM POPLAR.— Populus halsamifera, L. ; Bottesford, L.— F. P. BARBERRY. — Berberis vulgaris, L. ; Bottesford, L. "A tea made from the twigs or bark of this busli is used locally in cases of gall-stone and jaundice." — F. P. BARLEY. — Hordeum vulgare, L. ; General. BASS, BASSWOOD, and BAST.— 77/ia parvifolia, L. ; Lindsey and Kesteven. " Basswood, in Somerby, is probably named from its abounding in this tree ; and the mats made of the bark are called basses." — Adam Stark's Parish of Lea, loith Lea Wood, See., 1841, foot note 1, p. 7. The name is appUed elleptically to various articles made, or once made, from the inner bark of this tree, or any similar article 5 e.g., a mat, a hassock, a flat plaited bag or flexible basket. See Dr. Murray's DiSionary, BASTARD CHICKWEED.—Bufonia tennifolia, L. ; Boston, H.— A "book-name" only used by the late Pishey Thompson. BAUM, and BAWME.— Mefoa officinalis, L. ; Bottesford, L. BAW-TRESS. — Sambucus nigra, L. ; North-west Lindsey. BAY or BAY-TREE.— iaaras nobilis, L. ; of gardens. — General. BEAR'S FOOT.— Hellebo, us fxtidus, L. ; Bottesford and Cadney, L. BEE-FLOWER.— C/5.e/ra«>5aj Cheiri, L. ; Bottesford, L.— F. P. BEE-NETTLE. — i,' Lamium album, L. ; 2, purpureum, L. ; 3, maculatum, L. i & 2 Grafl^De, K. ; 3, Bottesford, L. BENT. — Nardus striffa, L. ; Isle of Axholme.— W. P. BERGAMOT. — Monarda fstulosa, L. j of gardens. Bottesford, L. — F. P. BERRY, BERRY-BUSH, and BERRY-TREE.— The fruit and bush of Ribes Grossularia, L. — General. BESS-O'BELLAM. — Primula Hybrida, i.e., veris X vulgaris; Alford, L. "It is said about Alford, that if you plant them ih the garden 'wrong side up' they will produce pink flowers." — J. B. D. There is a similar wide-spread tradition about the primrose and cowslip, which has originated from the » well-known faft, that change to richer soil produces colour variation of more or less intensity. BETONY and WOOD BETONY.— Stec/Sys Betoniea, Benth. Grafl^oe, K. " Boiled up with Agrimony and Dandelion to make a cooling drink." — R. E. G. C. BIG-BINDER. — Convolvulus sepium, L. ; Howsham, L. BIG-DAISY. — Chrysanthemum Lencanthemum, L. ; Bottesford, L. BILBERRY, and the fruit BILBERRIES. — i, Vaccinium Oxycoecus, L. ; 2, Rubus casius, L. I, Isle of Axholme, W. P. ; 2, Tothill, L. — S. A. BIND, or BIND-WEED. — I, Convolvulus arvensis, L. ; 2, C. Sepium, L. i & 2, Bottesford, L. j i, Fulbeck, K., and Sturton-by-Stowe, L. — J. B. D. BIRD CHERRY.— Pra»as Avium, L. Bottesford, L. BIRD'S-EYE. — A general name for various species of Veronica. Lindsey and Kesteven. BIRDS-IN-A -NEST.— Famana solida, L. ; Lincoln market. BIRD'S TONGUE. — Smecio paludosus, L. ; Boultham, K. — It grew till fifty years ago on the banks of ditches near Braford water, half a mile from Lincoln. — T. V. W. BIRK and BIRKTREE.— 5£«fas lacustris, L. ; Graffoe, K. "Brought from Holland."— R. E. G. C. BUR, BURR, and BURRS. — I, ArBium Lappa, L. ; i, Galium Aparine, L. ; both at Bottesford, L. — F. P. BUx^OCK. — ArSlium Lappa, L. General. " The grated dried stems, administered in pills or in water, are used as a local medicine, and are said to be most useful (for what disease ?)." Mumby, L. — J. B. D. BURNET. — Poterium officinale. Hook. f. ; Tothill, L., "Where the flower-heads are used for making Burnet wine." — S.. A. BURRAGE.— ^ora^o officinalis, L. ; Bottesford, L.— F. P. BUR- REED. — Sparganium ramosum, Huds. } Cadney, L. BUTTER-AND-EGGS.— A garden variety of JVamuai. Bottesford, L.—M.G.W.P. BUTTER-BUR.— P«to/to vulgaris, Desf. ; Bottesford Moors, L. j Brandon, K. BUTTERCUPS. — i, The general name for many species of Ranunculus ; 2, More rarely Potentilla anser'tna, L. At Bottesford, L., they say-the yellow of the Buttercups colours the butter in the month of June. Children in Lindsey -hold the flowers under each others chins, and if there happens to be bright sunlight and the colour is reflected upon their skin, they are said to 'like butter.' BUTTONS. — The double garden form of Bellis perennis, L. ; Graffoe, K. CAMOMILE. — Anthemis nobilis, L. General. CANDLE PLANT >—A window plant from abroad. Kirton, L.— F. P. CANDY-TUFT.— The garden plant Theris umhellata, L. General. CANTERBURY-BELLS.— Cam/.ana/a latifolia, L. ; Holme Wood, L.— F. P. CARRAWAY, CARRAWAYES, and CARRAWAY SEED.— The seeds of Carum Carui, L. It is not a native of England, but has been growing freely wild near Boston and recorded several times for Lincolnshire since "John Ray's Remains " were printed in 1661. It is still with us at Leverton, Benington, &c. CAT-BANDS. — Carex arenaria, L. " A plant that grows with a running under ground root for a yard or more in a straight line. They are about the only thing that can exist on the inland duiies, on account of the wind shifting the sand continually." — W. S. Hardwick Hill, L. CAT-BEB.— Ce»n-a«/iai ruber, DC. ; Kirton-in-Lindsey.- M. G. W. P. CATCH-FLY. — Antirrhinum magus, L, Unfortunately, J made no note at the time, and cannot remember whether I heard, was told, or picked this word out of a local paper. It is curiously uncommon, appearing in no printed work known to me ; and yet the flowers of various species of Linar'ia and Antirrhinum do often contain and (as I imagine) detain small insects as ' every botanist knows. Supplement to Lines. N. fef ^.^ July, 1 8 94. c CAT-HAWS. — The general name for the fruit of Cratcegus Oxyacantha, L. CAT-HEAD.— A kind of apple. Bottesford, L.-!-E. P. CAT-HIPS.— The fruit of Rosa canina, L, ; Graffoe, K.— R. E. G. C. CAT-TAILS, or CAT-O'-NINE-TAILS.— A Lindsey name for lypha latifolia, L., and T. angustifolia, L. It is also applied about Louth, L., to a grass, but which I have yet to learn. CHEATS.— Bromus sterilis, L. " The field is very full of Cheats to-year."— J. E. B. CHEESE-CAKES, or CHEESES.— A common name for the seeds of Malva sylvestris, L. General. CHERRY-PIE. — A general name for the garden plant Heliotropium peruvianum, L. CHICK-WEED, or CHICKEN- WEED.— The general name for Stellaria media, L., and at times of S. aquatica, Scop. CHIMNEY-SWEEPERS.— iaaa/a campestris, Vv"ill. ; Alford, L. See SWEEPS. CHRISTMAS-ROSE. — Helleborus niger, L., of our gardens. CLAY-LEAF. — Tussilago Farfara, L. ; Lindsey. " The flowers of this plant are used for making wine, called Clary-ivine, and very nasty it is." — S. A. CLEATS. — I, Petasites vulgaris, L. ; 2, Tussilago Farfara, L. Both at Bottesford, L. 2, " Wine is made from the flowers of this plant." — M. G. W. P. CLEAVERS. — Galium Aparine, L. " From its habit of cleaving to objects which come in contadt with it." — B, & H. CLOCK. — The head of seed of Leontodon Taraxacum, L., is so called in Lindsey and Kesteven from children blowing the down away to see what o'clock it is. — M. G. W. P. CLOVER. — Red Clover, TrifUum pratense, L., especially. T. repens, L. is always called White Clover. Bottesford, L. — F. P. COB-NUT. — The Lindsey and Kesteven name for Corylus Avellana, L., variety grandis. " It is the name of an old game among the children played with nuts." — Wright's D'lB'ionary. COCK'S-COMB.— Ce/oi/a cristata, L., of gardens ; Bottesford, L.— F. P. CODDLED-APPLE. — Epilobium hirsutum, L. " From the odour of the flowers and young shoots." — B. & H. Confirmed by recent use. — ^J. S. S. CODLINS-AND-CREAM.— As above. Hough, JC, 1892.— J. B. D. COG-WHEEL. — Ranunculus arvensis, L. ; Alford, L.— J. E. M. COLE and COLEWORT.— BraisKa napus, L. North-west Lindsey.— E. P. But is not the common cultivated cabbage — B. oleracea, L. — called so too ? COLOVR.^m'&.—Aquilegia vulgaris, L. ; Bottesford, L.— H. T. COLT'S-FOOT.— A common name for Tussilago Farfara, L. "This is used still in local cough mixtures and for ' Herb beer.' " — ^J. B. D. " A wine i> made from the flowers in spring." — ^J. R. CO'M.E'KEY .—Symphytum officinale, L. ; Bottesford, L.— F. P. CORN -BIND. — Convolvulus arvensis, L. ; Cadney, L. CORNCOCKLE. — i, Lychnis Gitltago,'L7im. ; z, Scabiosa arvensis, L. ; both Bottesford, L. — F. P. But I want other authority for the application of this name to these plants. CORN MARIGOLD. — Chrysanthemum segetum, L. — Reference lost. CORN-POPPLE. — I, Lychnis Githago, Lam. ; 2, Lychnis alba. Mill. i, Kesteven ; 2, Cadney, L. CORN-SOW-THISTLE. — Sonchus arvensis, L. " Used medicinally, according to a labourer, in the Alford, L., district." — ^J. B. D. COTTON GRASS. — Eriophorum angustifoimm. Roth ; Twigmore, L. — F. P. COUCH-GRASS. — Triticum repeus, L., always when I. have heard the name used. COW-GARLIC. — Allium vineale, L. This was from a printed work, but my reference is lost. COW-GRASS. — Trifolium medium, L. ; Bottesford, L. — E. P. COW-MUMBLE.— ifcraciam sphondylium, L.— B. & H. COW-PAP. — Heracleum spliondylium, L. ; Tothill, L.— J. B. D. COW-PARSLEY.— il4>;r/«i odorata, Scop. ; Boston, H.— P. T. Anthriscus sylvestris, Hoffm. is suggested by J. B. D., and this is much more likely. 7 COW-'RAT'TLE.-Rhinanthus Cristagalli, L. ; Bigby, L.— E. P. F. COWS-AND-CALVES.— A common name for Arum maculatum, L. COWSLIP. — Primula veris,L. " This name is pronounced as if spelt Cooslop." — M. G. W. P. " From the flowers while still fresh the well-known wine is made. For ' tea,' the corollas are carefully picked from the calyx and dried, not too thickly spread on trays, in the sun. Hung up in bags in a place free from damp, they come in for winter use." — J. B. D. COW-WHEAT.— OrfomVfs rubra, Pers. ; Cadney, L.— J. G. CRAB, CRAB-APPLE, and CRAB-TREE.— The common name for the fruit and tree Pyrus Malus, L. "The juice of crabs, pressed out by a small machine for the purpose, was used as vinegar, and called ' crabvarjuice.' After most of the juice was pressed out, water was mixed with the pulp to make an acid drink, sometimes called ' Perry.' Compare Tusser's Husbandry, xvii. ' Stamp crabs that may Make verjuice and perry.' Graffiie, K.— R. E. G. C. CRAMMOCK. — Pulicaria dysenterica, Gaert. ; Cadney, L. CRAN-BERRY.— ^araraaffi Oxycoecus, L. ; Isle of Axholme.— W. P., 1815. East Fen, L.— Sir J. B. CREEPING JENNY.— I, Nepeta Glechoma, Benth. ; 2, Lysimachia Nummularia, L. I, Flixborough, L. ; " Used in cases of deafness, and in making Herb-b^er." —J. B. D. 2, Sturton, L.— J. B. D. CRESS.'— Information wanted.— B. & H. CKOW -'REKKY.—Empetrum nigrum, L. ; Isle of Axholme.— W. P., 1815. CROWFOOT, CROWSFOOT, and CROWFEET.— A common name for Orchis masula, L., and 0. morio, L., generally 5 but about Louth applied to Ranunculus Ficaria, L. — H. W. K. CUCKOOS and CUCKOO-FLOWER. — The general name for Cardamine pratensis, L. CUCKOO-PINT. — Arum maculatum, L. ; Bottesford, L. Other authority wanted. CUPS-AND-SAUCERS. — The fruit of Quercus Robur, L. ; Bottesford, L. CURRANTS, CURRANT-BERRIES, CURRAN-BERRIES, and CORRAN- BERRIES, are forms of the name applied, generally to Rives rubrum, L., and R, nigrum, L., of our kitchen gardens. CUSTARD-CHEESES. — The seeds of Malva sylvestris, L. : North-west Lindsey. — E. P. DAFFODIL, DAFFODILLY, DAFFADOWNDILLY.— The commonest name for the double form of Narcissus Pseudo-narcissus L., of our gardens, and old house-places. ^ DAISY. — The common name for Bellis perennis, L. When the under side of the rays are tinged with purple they are said to be stained with Abel's blood. Bottesford, L.— E. A. W.— P. DAMSON. — The common name for Prunus communis, Huds., var. damascena. This plum is said to have first been brought from Damascus. — B. & H. DANDELION. — A name in general use for Taraxacum officinale, Web. Dandelion Tea is made by pouring boiling water on the cut-up root. It should be drunk as soon as made. Dandelion JVine : Pour boiling water on the flowers, and leave to stand two or three days, add sugar, a lemon, and an orange ! — ^W. R. DANE-WORT.— CEfo/.oa/a««i, L. ; Alford, L.— J. B. D. DILL ? — It is used in the county, I know. In Nottinghamshire is applied to tares — Vtcia sepium, L. — " Fetch a load of dills." — J. B. D. DOCK. — A name applied to all our native Rumex. It takes many forms in the county, e.g., DOCKAN, DOCKEN, DOCKIN, and DOCKINGS. " Children at Louth, L., used to apply Docken leaves to their hands after having been stung by nettles, saying, ' Docken go in. Nettle come out.' " — H. W. K. "Where there's a nettle you'll find a dock" ; ;.«., poison and its antidote are found side by side. "Where nettles and docken and thistles will grow, a farmer may scrat a living" ; i.e., they require good soil. DODDER. — I, Spergula arvensis, L. j 2, Cuscuta Irifolii, Bab. I, Brandon, K. — J. B. D. Graffoe, K.— R. E. G. C. 2, Bottesford, L.— E. P. DOG-DAISY.— I, Bellis perennis, L., a general name ; 2, Chrysanthemum Lencanthemum, L.— B. & H. But I have no modern record for 2. DOG-MOUTH and DOG-MOOTH.— .^»rirM;naw majus, L. ; Winterton, L. — W. F." DOG-ROSE.— The wild Roses in contradistin£lion to the garden forms, especially Rosa canina, L. DOGTAIL GRASS.— CyBwaraj cristatus, L. ; Boston, H.— P. T. DOG-VIOLET. — I, yiola sylvatica, Fr. ; and perhaps V. palustris, L. Lindsey, and Kesteven. DOGWOOD ? — Certainly used for some shrub, but not Comus sanguinea, L. I think. DOTHER.— See DODDER (l). DOWBALL.— The field Turnip, Brassica Rapa, L.— J. E. B. DRAGON'S 'iAOMT'a.- Antirrhinum majus, L. ; Winterton, L.— W. F. DRAKE'S-FEET.— Orc/5« mascula, L. ; Bottesford, Alford, and Winterton, all in L. " Drake, perhaps, is short for di'agon here. It is a ' wicked plant' in Lincolnshire !"— M. G. W. P. DUCK-MEAT and DUCK-WEED. — Lemua minor, L., and other species of this genus. General. DWARF-ELDER. — (Egripodrium Podragraria, L. — Reference lost. DUSTY MILLER or MILNER. — I, Cerastium tomentosum, L, ; 2, Primula Auricula, L. I, Bottesford, L— F. P. ; 2, Winterton, L.— W. F. DUTCH MYR.T'LE.—Myrica Gale, L ? ; Kirkby Moor, L. ' In Oaober, 1892, while botanising on this moor, I was given to drink at a cottage a glass of bitterish liquor made from Dutch Myrtle." — J. B. D. EAR-RING FLOWER.— The common garden Fuchsia.— J. E. B. EARTH NUT. — I, Bunium flexuosum. With. ; 2, Plantago major, L. i, Bottesford and Tothill, both L. ; 2, Grimsby, L. — W. R. EGGS-AND-B.4.C0N.— Z,ma«a vulgaris, Mill. ; Louth, L.— H. W. K. Fulbeck, K.— L. B. D. EGGS-AND-CREAM. — Narcissus Pseudo-narcissus, L., var. incomparabilis bicolorata of gardens j Bottesford, L.— M. G. W. P. ELDER, ELLER, and ELLER-TREE.— 5a«iacas nigra, L. General. ELM, EL-EM, ELLUM. — Ulmus campestris, L., and its varieties. General. ENEMY. — Anemone nemorosa, L. ; Graffoe, K. "A mis-pronunciation of the generic ~ name."— R. E. G. C. ESH.— See ASH. EVENING PRIMROSE.— ffinof/5«-a b'lennis, L. General. EVERLASTING PEA.— AU peas that are not annual, especially Lathyrus latifolius, Gcertn.— F. P. EVERLASTINGS. — A name applied to many foreign Composites, from their retaining their shape and colour when dried. — B. & H. EYEBRIGHT.— Veronica Chamtsdrys, L. ; Bottesford, L.— F. P. EYESEEDS.— &fo;a Verbenaca, L. (?) ; Bottesford, L.— E. P. "A decoftion of this plant is locally used for sprains." — M. H. S. FAIRY CUPS.— Pn«a/a veris, L. ; Bottesford, L.— F. P. FAIRY PURSES.— iV/Wa/a/ia campanulata. Sow. ; Bottesford, L.— E. A. W.-P. FAIRY-RINGS. — The circular or semi-circular dark-coloured rings of grass in pasture fields where various Agarics grow ; e.g., A. arvensis, Schaff. ; A. personatus, Fr. ; A. gambosus, Fr. ; A. campestris, L. j and Marasmius oreades, Fr. — -J. B. D. FAT-HEN and FAT-END. — One, if not ifiore, of the species of Chenopodium is so called. Bottesford, L.— M. G. W. P. Sturton-by-Stow, L,— J. S. Brandon, K.— J. B. D. FEATHERFEW.— P^r«,4<-am Parthenium, L. ; Bottesford, L.— M. G. W. P. FEMALE HEMS. — Galeopsis Tetrahit, L. perhaps. — B. & H. More information wanted. See Halliwell's Diaionary, FENKLE or FENKELLE. — Fceniculum vulgare, Gaertn. See Halliwell's Diaionary. FENNEL. — ^The general name for Fisniculum vulgare, Gaertn. FEN OAKS.— Different species of the genus Salix. Graffoe, K.— R. E. G. C. FERRET'S EYE.—Alonzoa incisifolia, L ; Loutheske Hundred, L.— -T. L. FIDDLE. — Daucus Carota, L. ; Bottesford and Yaddlethorpe, L.— M. G. W. P. FIDDLES. — Scrophularia aquatica, L. ; Messingham, L. — G. T. FIMBLE. — The pistiliferous plant of Cannabis sativa, L. North-west Lindsey. — E. P. FINE LEAF ?— Halliwell's Dia. Information wanted. FINE WINDSTRAW.— ^^™«j vulgaris. With. ; Isle of Axholme.— W. P. FIR. — A general name for the commoner species of Abies, Lar'ix, and Pinus. — B. & H. FIR APPLE or CONES.— The fruit of the above. FIZGIGGS.— 5£»rao Jacobaa, L. ; Cadney, L.— E. A. W.-P. FLAG, FLAGS, FLAG-PLANT. — Tr'is Pseudacorus, L., especially, but also as a general term for all 'grass -like ' herbage in or near water. FLAX. — Linum usitatissimum, L. General. FLEABANE. — i, Tnula crithmoidts, L. ; 2, Erigeron acre, L. 1, Boston, H. — P. T. 2, North-west L. — E. P. FLY BENT.— ikfo/mia ccerulea, Moench. ; Isle of Axholme. — W. P. FOAL-FOOT. — A common name for Tussilago Farfara, L. FODDER. — (J/jirena aquatica, Sm. Lindsey & HoUfnd.— W. M. FORGET-ME-NOT. — Applied to field and road-side species of Veronica. Cadney, L.— E.A.W.-P. ^^ 'FOXGLOVE.— Digitalis purpurea, 'L. General. ^^ FOX-POISON. — Daphne Laureola, L. Information wanted. FOX'S BRUSH. — Sedum reflexum, L. ; Graffoe, K. From the bushy shape of its leaf spikes. — R. E. G. C. FRENCH HONEYSUCKLE.- Hedysarum coronarium, L. ; Bottesford, L.-F. P. FRENCH LILAC— Cenlranthus ruber, DC. ; Graffoe, K.— R. E. G. C. FUMITORY. — Fumaria officinalis, L. I have heard this name, but cannot say in what parish. FUR, FUR-BUSH, and FURZE.— Common names for Ulex europoeus, L. "A farm-house near Alford, L., is called Furze-hill, probably because much Ulex grows there." — J. B. D. FUZZ-BALL. — A common name for Lycoperdon Bovista, L. GALE and SWEET GALE.— Myrica Gala, E. ; Twigmore, L.— E. A. W.-P. GALLS. — The excrescences on the twigs of the Oak — Sluercus Robur, L. — produced by the GiW-fiy — Cynips quercus-folii, L. — and on the Dog-rose — Rosa canina, L. — by Rhodites rosa, L. GALLS.— Myr'ica Gale, L. ; Isle of Axholme'.— F. C. (1661). CARLICK. — A common name for Allium ursinum. L. Supplement to Lines. N. & ^., Oaober, 1894. 10 GARTH CRESS.— Lepidium sativum, L. Obsolete. See Halliwell's Diaionary. GENTLEMAN JOHN.— ^o/a tricolor, L., of our own fields. Louthesk Hundred, L.— T. L. GERMAN LILAC— Centranthus ruber, DC. ; North-west L.— E. P. GIBS.— The catkins of various Salix. Bottesford, L. " So called from their downy yellow colour, Gib being the local name for a gosling." — M. G. W. P. ' GILLIFLOWER, GILLIVER.— The single form of Cheiranthus Cheiri, L. I, Bottesford, L.— F. P. 2, Graffoe, K.— R. E. G. C. GLADINE. — Tris Pseudacorus, L. Obsolete. See Diaionaries -. Halliwell's and Wright's. GLODEN. — Helianthus annuus, L. Obsolete. See as above. GOD'S EYE.— Veronica Chamoedrys, L. ; Bottesford, L. " If anyone plucks it, his eyes will be eaten." — E. P. GOGGLES.— The fruit of Ribes Grossularia, L. ; North Lines.— B. & H. GOLD, GOU'D, GOLDING, GOULDINGS, and in other fotms.— Chrysanthemum segetum, L, General. GOLDEN DOCK..— Rumex maritimus, L., Holland.— J. R. (1670). A book-name only, I believe. GOLDEN DROPS.— Cymaj Laburnum, L, ; Bottesford, L.— L. P. GOLDEN ROD. — A name applied to our garden species of Solidago. Bottesford, L.— F. P. GOLmLOCKS.—Polytriehum commune, L. ; Isle of Axholme.— W. P. (1815). GOOSE-AND-GOSLINGS,— The catkins of Willows, especiaUy Salix Caprea, L.— See Brogden's Glossary. GOOSEBERRY.— The general name for Ribes Grossularia, L. GOOSE-GOB.— The ripe fruit of Ribes Grossularia, L. General. GOOSE-GRASS. — Galium Aparine, L. ; Lindsey & Kesteven. Potenilla Anserina, L. ; Holland & Lindsey. GOOSE TAtiSEY.— Potentilla Anserina, L., Lines.— B. & H. GORSE.— Ulex Europaus, L. ; Bottesford and Tothill, both L.— E. P. & J. B. D. GOSLINGS.— The catkins of Willows ; Graffoe, K.— R. E. G. C. GOSS. — Ulex europoeus, L. ; Bottesford, L. " There is a place at Messinghnm, L., Gossacres, and the Linnet — Acanthis cannabina, L. — is known as the Goss- Linnet."—E. P. "A field at Fulbeck, K., is called the Goss-close." — J. B. D. GOVT-WEED.—^gopodium Podagra.ia, L. ; Bigby, L.— F. P. F. GRANNY-HOODS.— -(f^ai/e^ia vulgaris,L. ; Winterton, L.— W. F. GREEN GWGER.— Artemisia vulgaris, L. ; Lincoln City. — B. & H. GREEN-SAUCE. — i, Rurr.ex Acetcsa, L. ; 2, R. Acetostlla, L. General. GROUND-ASH. — I, .Mgopodium. Podagraiia, L. ; ^, A young ash tree — Fraxinus excelsior, L. — when cut down below the ground so that the root makes a walking stick handle.— E. P. & H. W. K. GROUND-ELDER. — I, Mercurialis perennis, L. ; z, .Mgopodium Podagraria, L. i, Bottesford, L.— E. A. W.-P. 2, Graffoe, K.— R. E. G. C. GROUND IVY.— Nepeta Glechoma, Benth. ; Bottesford, L.— F. P. GROUND LILAC— Centranthus ruber, L. ; Bottesford, L.— F. P. Louthesk Hundred, L. GROUND NUT.— Plantago major, L. ; Grimsby, L. GRUNSEL and GRUNSIL.— &««» vulgaiis, L. General. GUANNER-WEED.— £Wea canadensis, Mich.— Bottesford, L.— E. P. GUINEA PLANT or FLO'N ER.— Kerria japonica, DC. ; Bottesford, L.— L. P. HAIRBELL.— See HAREBELL. HAIRIFF, HARRIFF, HAYRIFF, and 'AIRIFF. -Ga/iam Aparine, L. General. "Tothill, L. " Boiled as food for young turkeys." — S. A. Graffoe, K. " Given to ' Gibs,' i.e., young goslings, chopped up with their food." — R. E. G. C. HARD-HEADS.— I, Plantago lanceolata, L. ; Bottesford, L. — M. G. W. P. TothiU, L.— J. B. D. Graffoe, K.— R. E. G. C. j., Centaurea nigra, L. ; Bottes ford, L.— G. T. Cadney, L.— J. R. II HAREBELL, HAIRBELL, or AIRBELL.— Cam^ana/a rotundifolia, L. General. The two last forms " are quite modern, and seem to have been adopted in accordance with a fancied derivation of the name, which, however, is quite without authority." — B. & H. HARE'S-NEEDLE.—Scandixpeaenveneris, L. ; Alford, L.— J. B. D. HARROW-REST.— OBo««aTOB«H, L. ; North-west L.—E. P. HART'S -TONGUE FERN. — Scolopendrium vulgare, Sym. The name wherever this fern grows, but of book origin. HASSOCK, HASSOCKS, and HASSOCK-GRASS.— yiiVa caspitosa, L. General. HAVER and HAV-VER.— ^wna satua, L. General. HAWS. — The fruit of Crataegus Oxyacantha, L. General. HAWTHORN. — Crataegus Oxyacantha, L. ; Bottesford, L., and general, I believe. HAY'WEED.—Asperula odorata, L. ; Winteringham, L.— W. F. HAZEL and HEZZLE. — Corylus .Avellana, L. ; Bottesford, L., and general, I believe. HEADACHE. — Papaver Rhoeas, L., P. dubium, and P. Argemone, L. General, " To smell the flowers is popularly supposed to cause headache." — S. A. "The petals of these plants are fermented into home-made wine at Winterton and in other parishes in L." — M. G. W. P. HEAL-ALL ? — Information wanted. HEART'S EASE.— Viola palustris, L. ; Boston, H.— P. T. A mere book name. HEATH. — Erica Tetralix, L., and E. einerea, L., more rarely Calluna Erica, DC. General. HEATHER.— Ca//a»a Erica, DC. ; Graffoe, K.— R. E. G. C. HELEN. — j^gopodium Podagraria, L. ; Bransby, L. " Used in making a salve." — J. B. D. HELL-WEED. — Ranunculus arvensis, L. ; Alford, L.— J. B. D. HEMLOCK, HUMLOCK, and HU MLECK.—Chofrophyullum sylvestre, L. especially, but, at times, Conium maculatum, L., and the rest of the large Umbellefera. General. HEMP NETTLE. — Galeopsis Tetrahit, L., sometime, but more often G. bifida, Boenn., and G. speciosa. Mill. ; Newstead; L. — J. H. Cadney, L. — ^J. R. HEN-AND-CHICKEN-DAISY.— The proliferous garden variety of Bellis perennis, L. — B. & H. General. HENBANE. — Hyoscyamus niger, L. General where this sporadic plant is found. HENBELL and HE'NKA'M..— Hyoscyamus niger, L. See HalUweU's and Wright's D'la'ioruir'us. HENNE. — Phragmites communis, Trin. Gerard's Herball, 1597, says; — ^'- Gramen harundinaceum panniculatum, called also Calamogrostis. In Lincolnshire it is called Sheere-grasse or Henne -, in other places of the land, Wilde Reede." I am quite satisfied that Phragmites is the species meant. HERBE-GRASS, HERBI-GRASS, and HERBY-GRASS.— A general name for the garden herb Ruta graveolens, L. Chopped fine and made into pills with butter, it is considered a good thing for sick fowls. At Winterton, L., they say : — " It must only be given in the morning, as in the after noon it becomes poisonous, ' You know, Herby-grass is Herby-grass in the morning, but Rue in t' afternoon.' " — W. F. HEZZLE.— See HAZEL. HIPS.— The fruit of Rosa canina, L. General. HOGVfEED.— Polygonum aviculare, L. ; Brandon, K.— J. B. D. HOLLIN, HOLLAND, or more rarely HOLLY. — Tlex Aquifolium, L. General. HOLYHOKE, or HOKE.— Althtxa rosea, L. General. HONESTY. — Lunaria biennis, L. General. HONEYSUCKLE. — The general name for Lonicera Perielymenum, L. At Graffoe, K., for Trifolium pratense, L., too. HOP. — The general name for Humulus Lupulus, L. HOREHOUND. — Marrubium vulgare, L. General. At Cadney, L., Ballota nigra, L., also. 12 HORN-BEAM. — Carpinus Betulus, L. A mere planted alien or escape in Lincoln shire. HORSE CHESTNUT.— ^jca/as Hippocastanum, L. General. "It gets its name from the shape and marks of the scar left by leaf-stalk." Bottesford, L. — G. T., jun. See other explanations in Britten & Holland's English Plant-names. HORSE MINT. — I, Mentha hirsuta, L., and 2, M. arvensis, L. i. General ; 2, Cadney, L. " The leaves, either green or dried, make a wholesome tea, especially useful in heart complaints." Alford, L. — J. B. D. HORSE MUSHROOM. — The general name for Agaricus arvensis, L. HOUSELEEK. — The general name for Sempervivum teaorum, L. A long and well- established alien. HOWLER. — Alnus glutimsa, L. ; North-west Lindsey. — E. P. HUMLOCK or HUMLOCKS.— See HEMLOCK. ICELAND MOSS. — Cetraria islandica, L. ; Rasen, L. — F. A. L. The Naturalist, 1878, p. 97. ICE PLANT ? — A garden and window plant. IRBY-DALE GRASS. — Euphorbia Helioscopia, L. ; Irby-dale, Laceby, L. — R. M. B. IVY, IVIN, or WORY.—Hedcra Helix, L. General. JACK-IN-THE-HEDGE. — Alliar'ia officinalis. Andrzj. ; North-west Lindsey. — E.P. JACK-IN-PRISON. — Nigella damascena, L. ; North-west Lindsey. — E. P. JACK-IN-THE-GREEN. — A garden variety of Primula caulescens, Bab., " having a second larger green -tinted corolla." — Winterton, L. — W. F. JACK-IN-THE-PULPIT. — Arum maculatum, L. ; North-west Lindsey. — E. P. JACK-THISTLE.— CmVas lanceolatus, Hoffn. ; Brandon, K.— J. B. D. TACOB'S LADDER. — Polenionium. caeruleum, L? ; Fulbeck, K.— J. B. D. JENNY- RUN -ITH -GROUND, and JENNY- RUN-BY-THE- GROUND.— Nepeta Glechoma, Benth. i, Flixborough, L. — B. & H. 2, Graffoe Wapentake.— R. E. G. C. JENNY-ON-THE-GROUND, — Veronica agrest'is, L.; Stixwould, L, — J. A. P. JERUSALEM THISTLE. — Onopordium Acanthicum, L. ; Cadney, L. — J . R. JOE-MAUNDERS ?— Cadney, L.— H. A. JUNE LILY .f— North-west Lindsey.— E. A. W.-P. KECK, KECKS, KEKS, KIX, and KEX.— Commonly applied to Heracleum Sphondylium, L., but also to many of the larger Urnbelliferos, more especially to the dead dry stems in winter than the green living plant. General. "I'm as dry as a Kex." Kirton, L. — M. G. W. P. " Miserly and dry as a Kix." — R. Bernard's Terence, 1629, p. 207. KETLOCK. — Brassica sinapsis, Visiani. General. KEWSE and KEWSIES. — Applied to I, Anthriscus sylvestris, Hoffn. ; 2, Heracleum Sphondylium, L. -, 3, Angelica sylvestris, L. — B. & H. See KECK. ¦ lOl^AOl KEYS. — -Generally applied to the seeds of Fraxinus excelsior, L., and more rarely to those of Acer camfestre, L., and A. Pseudo-plat anus, L. — E. P. & H. W. K. KING CUPS.— Caltha palustris, L. ; South Kelsey and Louthesk Hundred, both L. — E. A. W.-P. and T. L. KISS-ME. — The field form of Viola tricolor, L. ; North-west Lindsey. — E. P. KIT BRUSH.— Ranunculus arvensis, L. ; Cadney, L.— W. S. KOUSH and KOUSHLE.— See KEWSE. LADIES and GENTLEMEN. — ^ram maculatum L. ; Winterton, L.— W. F. LAD-LOVE-LASS and LAD'S LOVE. —Artemisia Abrolanum, L. ; North-west Lindsey.— E. P. Graffoe Wapentake. — R. E. G. C. LADY'S CUSHION.— ^rate albida, L. ; North-west Lindsey.- E. P. LADY'S FINGERS. — 1, Lotus cornieulatus, L. General, z, Anthyllis vulncraria,L. ; Bottesford, L.—E. A. W.-P. Louthesk Hundred, L.— T. L. 3, Lotus uliginosus, Schk. ; -Louth, K.— H. W. K. LADY'S HAIR. Br'ma media, L. ; Tothill, L.— J. B. D. Louth, L.— H. W.IK. LADY'S SLIPPER. — Lotus cornieulatus, L : Barton, L.—C. F. Louthesk Hundred, L.— T. L. 13 LADY'S SMOCK. — Cardamine pratensis, L. ; North-west Lindsey. — E.P. LADY'S THIMBLES.— io/Bj cornieulatus, L. ; Winteringham, L.— W. F. LADY'S TUFT.— Arabis alpina, L. ; Winterton and Ashby, both L.— W. F. LADY'S WEDDING.— ff«/>e«i matronalis, L. ; Winterton and North Kelsev both L.— W. F. LAMB'S EAR ?— A garden plant. Bottesford, L.—E. A. W.-P. LAMBSKl'N.-Conferva crispa? ; North-west Lindsey. — E. P. LAMB'S-TOES.— ^f^yas Vulneraria, L. ; Kesteven.— J. S. S. LAMB -TAILS. — A name given by children to the male catkins of Corylus Avellana, L. ; Graffoe, K.— R. E. G. C. Louth,'L.— H. W. K. LAMB-TOES.— Lofai cornieulatus, L. ; Kesteven.- J. S. S. LARCH or LARCH-FIR.— iar« europnea, DC. General. LAREBELL. — Helianthus annuus, L. See Halliwell's and Wright's Diaionaries. LARKSPUR. — Delphimium ajaeis, Reichb. Rarely found in our cornfields ; and the general name for garden species of Delphinium. LAUREL. — Prunus Laureola, L. Of our gardens and shrubberies. LAVENDER. — The general name for Lavandula vera, DC. LAYLOCK.— See LILAC. LEED, WHITE LEED, or LID.— Glyceria aquatica, Lin.; Kesteven and Holland. See MiUer and Skertchly's Fenland Past and Present. The Revd. E. Gillett assigns the name to Poa aquatica, L. See T. O. Cockayne's Saxon Leeehdoms, Stareraft, and Wort Cunning. Modern instances wanted. LEMON PLANT. — Aloysia eitriodora, Kth. Named from the scent of its leaves. LENT-CORN. — " Barley and Oats ; also Beans, if sown in the Spring." — E. P. LENT LILY or LILLIES.— -ZVarasiaj Pseudo-narcissus, L. ; Wrawby, L. An old friend says : — " Quite a modern High-Church name." LENT ROSE or LENT ROSES.— Narcissus Psendo-narcissus, L. See Diaionaries, Halliwell's and Wright's. LID.— See LEED. LILAC or LAYLOCK. — The general name for Syringa vulgaris, L., of our gardens. LIME and LINE. — F^lia europeea, L. General. LINCOLNSHIRE PERENNIAL SPINACH.— A book-name for Chenopodium Bonus-Henricus, L. See Messrs. R. Pennell and Sons' Seed Catalogue, 1892. LINE. — I, The general name for Linum usitatissimum, L. The seed is called Linseed ; and Lin. " is the old-fashioned word for Linen, which is sometimes still heard." — M. G. W.-P. z, A common name for Tilia europeea, L. See LIME. LING. — The general name for Calluna vulgaris, Salisb., but very often used for Erica Tetralix, L. and E. einerea, L. " On asking the way to Stapleford Moor, of some labourers by the roadside, I was asked if I wanted the " Old Ling Moor."— J. B. D. LINTS and LINTINS. — Vicia sativa, L. General, but the second form is rarer, but used at Cadney, L., and elsewhere. LITTLE SUNFLOWER. — Helianthemum vulgare, Gaertn. Grantham, K. LOCKS AND KEYS. — Fruit of Fraxinus excelsior, L. j Bottesford, L.— E. A. W.-P. LONDON PRIDE. — Dianthus barbatus, L., of gardens. Louthesk Hundred, L. — T. L. Howsham, L. — A. C. Saxifraga umbrosa, L., of gardens. Bottesford, L.— H. T. Winterton, L.— M. G. W.-P. LONDON TUFT.— Dianthus barbatus, L. ; Winterton, L.—E. A. W.-P. Louth, L.— H. W. K. LORDS AND LADIES.— ^r«m maculatum, L. ; Lindsey and Kesteven. " The unopened spathes are the Lords : the opened spathes. Ladies." — Fulbeck, K. —J. B. D. LOVE-IN-A-MIST. — Nigella damascena, L., of gardens when in flower. Bottesford, L.— L. P. Sturton-by-Stowe, L.— J. S. See DEVIL-IN-THE-BUSH. Supplement to Lines. N. & ^, April, 1895. 14 LOVE-LIES-A-BLEEDING. — Amaranthus caudatus, L. ; Bottesford, L-— L- P. MADNEPS. — Pastinaca sativa, L. J. Ray mentions this local name in his Historia Plantarum, 1686, Vol. I., p. 410. — ^J. B. D. MAIDEN ASH. — Fraxinus excelsior, L. ; Lindsey and Kesteven. " An ash raised from seed, not one that has grown from the " stool," where a former tree has been felled."— E. P. MAIDEN HAIR. — Briza media, L. ; Boston, H.— P. T. MALL.— See MAUL. MANDRAKE. — Bryonia dioica, L. ; Lindsey and Kesteven. " Used in working charms to this day." — M. G. W.-P. MANGEL-WURZLE. — A cultivate form of Beta Maritima, L., introduced frora Northern Europe. MAPLE. — Acer campestre, L. General. MARES AND STALLIONS. — Arum maculatum, L, ; Winterton, L. — W. F. MARE'S-TAIL. — Equisetum arvense, L. ; Lindsey and Kesteven. " Formerly used for scouring tin vessels." — Fulbeck, K. — ^J. B. D. MARIGOLD or MARYGOWD. — Calendula offkinaiis, L., of gardens. General. "The petals are used for flavouring soup at Fulbeck, K." — ^J. B. D. MARgUERIE, MERCURY, and MARCORY .—Chenopodium Bonus-Henricus, L. ; Lindsey and Kesteven. Cultivated in gardens, and cooked like Spinach, MARRAM or MARRAN. — Psamma arenaria, Beauv. Lindsey coast. MARSH GOOSE-GRASS. — Galium palustre, L . — E. 0. A mere book name, I believe. MARSH MARIGOLD or MARYGOWD.— Ca/Ma palustris, L. ; Lindsey and Kesteven. MARY and JOSEPH. — Garden species of Myosot'is. North-west Lindsey. — E.P. MAST. — The fruit of Fagus sylvatiea, L. General. MAT-GRASS. — Psamma arenaria, Blanv. Lindsey Coast. MAUL, MAWL, MALL, and MAULE. — Malva sylvestris, L., and its seed. Lindsey and Kesteven. " Used to cure dropsy." — North-west Lindsey, — M, G. W.-P. " Good when boiled to foment bruised." — Stixwould, L.— J. A. P. MAY and MAY-TREE. — Cratcequs Oxyacantha, L. General. " It is unlucky to take may-blossom into a house." — M. G. W.-P. " This unluckiness does not apply to the coloured varieties." — F.P. MAY-BLOBS.— Ca/Ma^a/a!(m, L. ; Alford, L. — ^J. B. D. MAY-LILY. — Convallaria majalis, L. ; Highall Wood. MAY-WEED. — Veronica agr'istis, L. ; Alford, L. " Because they grow in May in the corn." — J. E. M. MAYSES or MAZES. — Chrysanthemum Leucanthemum, L. ; Butterwick, L. — M. G. W.-P. Graffoe, K. " Applied indiscriminately to any species of white flowered Matricaria or Anthemis, — R. E. G. C. MEADOW S'WEET. —-Spir,£a Ulmaria, L. Lindsey and Kesteven. MEDLAR or MEDLAR-TREE. — A not uncommon name in Lindsey for Mespilus germanica, L. MEET-H£R-I'-TH'-ENTRY-KISS-HER-I'-TH'-BUTTERY.— ?^o/a<«m/or,L.i North-west Lindsey, — E.P. " This is probably the longest plant-name in the English language." — B. & H. MIL DEW. — Various species of Fungi which affect the leaves and stems of plants. A disease of wheat especiaUy caused by the fungus — Puccinia Graminis, Pers.— B. & H. MILK THISTLE.— Smichus oleraceus, L. ; and 5. asper, Hoffm. Bottesford, L. — L.P. Silybum Marianum, Gaertu. Cadney, L. — ^J. R. MISLETOE. — The general name for Viseum album, L. A decoction made from the twigs of this parasitical shrub is believed at Bottesford, L., to be a palliative for epilepsy. MOCK-ORANGE.- P^i/aA/jd^at cormarius, L. ; Bottesford, L.—E. A. W.-P. MONEY-WORT.— iyiimacA/a Nummularia, L. ; Fulbeck, K.— J. B. D. 15 MONKEY PLANT.— M/ma/as luteus, L., of gardens. Bottesford, L.-F. P. MOON-DAISY. — Chrysanthemum L,eucanthemum, L. iStarton-hy-Stowe L. T B D Epworth, L.—C. C. B. J ¦ • MOO'N'W ORT. —Botryehium Lunaria, Sw. ; Lincoln City. MOSS. -The common name for many species of the classes Lycopodiacea, Musci Hepaticae, with a few fresh water Algas. '^OTHER-OF-THOUSANDS.— Saxifraga sarmentosa,L.-, Winterton, L.-W. F. Linar'ia Cymbalar'ia, Mill. — Lindsey. MOTHERWOOD.— ^rtemis/a Ahrotanum, L. ; Bottesford, L.—E. A. W.-P. MOULD. — A name given to minute thread or down-like Fungi which grow upon organic substances. MOUNTAIN ASH.— A general name for Pyras Aucuparia, L. MOURNING GRASS. — Solanum Dulcamara, L. ; Stixwould, L. " Good for pigs at all times, but especially when they are badly." — J. A. P. MULBERRY. — The general name for Morus nigra, L., formerly much, but now rarely, planted in gardens. MUSK and MUSK-PLANT. — Mimulus moschatus, L., of our own window plants. MUSHROOM. — The general name for the fungus Agaricus campestris, L., ot our meadows. MUZZLE ]IMP. — 7 hlapsi arvense, L. ; Cadney, L. — H, A. A good name made on the spot, quite lately, I believe. "This plant was only introduced into the parish a few years ago with- seed-wheat. From this locality it was spread abroad over the neighbouring fields by a gale of wind, which even blew the mangel-wurzel seed from the land into the ditches, where they grew. It is a troublesome weed, and in some cases has to be plucked by manual labour. It is said greatly to irritate and inflame the skin of hands during the process of gathering. NAKED LADY .—Jasminum nudiflorum, L., of our gardens. Lincoln City. — M. G. W.-P. So named because it flowers before the leaves open out. NAKED 'VIRGIN. -Colchicum autumnale, L. j Louthesk Hundred, L.— T. L. NANCY-NONE-SO-PRETTY. -5a«j^raga umbrosa, L. ; Scawby, L.— B. & H. NEEDLE or NEEDLES.— &a»iacai sylvestris, L. ; Boston, H.— P. T. PRICKLY HOLLY or HOLLIN.- /to aquifol'ium, L. ; Bottesford, L., and EaStoft, L.—E. A. W.-P. PRIEST'S PINTLE.— ^rem maculatum, L. ; Lincolnshire. — B. & H. PRIMP. — Ligustrum vulgare, L. ; Lindsey, Kesteven, and Holland. PRIMROSE.— The general name for Primula vulgaris, L. It is not found in the Carrs and Fens, or as a native on the islands of these distrifts, which have , always been above the fen level. PRINCE'S FEATHER. — Amaranthus hypochondriacus, L., of gardens. Bottesford, L.— F. P. PUFF-BALL. — Various species of Lyeoperdon.—B. &. H. PUSSY-PAUMS.- Catkins of Salices. Graffoe Wapentake, K.— R. E. G. C. QUEEN-OF-THE-MEADO WS. — 5/>;r«a C/teart'a, L. A bookname, but I heard it at Scawby, L. ; and have received a record from Grimsby, L. — W. R. QUICK.— Crataegus Oxyacantha, L. General. Quick here means living, as in the phrase " the quick and the dead." Living thorn hedges are so called to distinguish them from " dead " thorn hedges, not from rails and other fences. " Quick-set hedges." — H. W. K. QUICKEN and QUICKEN-WOOD.— Py«s Aucuparia, L. See WICKEN- TREE. QUICK-GRASS.— Iriticum repens, L. ; Bottesford, L.— F. P. See TWITCH. QUICKWOOD. - Crataegus Oxyacantha, L. ; Bottesford, L.—E. P. A living thorne hedge in contradistinfliion to dead thorns, which are often cut out of the bigger hedges and stuck into the ground, or "laid with stakes," to make a temporary or more permanent fence. QUITCH or QUITCH-GRASS.— ^?ram alba, L., of the Carrs and Fens, and Triticum repens, L., of thc cliff and Wold uplands. See TWITCH. Supplement to Lines. N. & S^^, April, 1896. RABBIT-MEAT.— ^n*/KBi sylvestris, Hoffm. General in Lindsey. Mr. E. Peacock, by a slip of the pen, applied this name to Heracleum Sphondylium, L., in his Manley and Corringham Glossary. I have never heard or received a note that it is used for any plant except Anthriscus. RADISH. — The ordinary name for Raphanus sativus, L., of our gardens. RAGGED ROBIN.— Lychnis Floscuculi, L. ; Louthesk Hundred, L.— T.L. Louth, L.— H. W. K. Fulbeck, K.— J. B. D. I once at Bottesford, L., heard the name applied to a very dark -red flowered form of Lychnis diurna, Sibth. RAGING COWSLIP.- P«ma/a caulescens, Bab. ; Stixwould, L.— J. A. P. RAG-JACK and RAGROSE. — Primula caulescens, Bab. ; Graffoe Wapentake, K. — R. E. G. C. RAMSONS.— A mass of Albuim ursinum, L. ; Bottesford, L.—E. A. W.-P. There is a meadow at the back of the Manor House called the Ramson field. RAPE. — Brassica napus, L. General. RASP and RASPS, the fruit of the RASPBERRY.— Rubus Idcem, L. General. RAT'S-TAIL. — Equisetum arvense, L. ; Bottesford, L. — E. A. W.-P. RATTLE and RATTLE- JACK. — Rhinanthus Crista-galli,L. ; Lindsey and Kesteven. RECKLESS or RECKLAS.— PWma/a Auricula, L.— B. & H. RED-ROBIN.— Famaria officinalis, L. -, Cadney, L.—E. A. W.-P. RED-ROT. — The gonidia bearing stomata of the fungus Neetria cinnobaria, H Mayer ; seen in autumn and spring on the dead bark of branches, sticks and fences. RED-RUST, see RUST. RED-SHANK. — Polygonium aviculare, L. ; P. Persicaria, L. j P. lapathifolium, L. ; Lindsey. REED. — Phragmites communis, Trin, General. REED-GRASS (?).— Perhaps only the last. REGENTS. — A variety of the PotMo^ Solanum tuberosum, L. — grown no longer. REINDEER MOSS.— Cenomyce rangiferina, Hoffm. j Rasen, L. — F. A. L. REST-HARROW. — Ononis arvensis, L. General. RHUBARB. — Of our gardens. Rheum hybridum. Murr. ; of the well-known medicine, R. officinale; Baill. RIBBON-GRASS. — Phalaris arundinacea, h- ; Bottesford, L. — E. P. RIBBON-TREE. — Betula alba, L. " So called because the bark of the young tree can be pulled off in long ribbon-like strips." Bottesford, L. — E. P. RIB-GRASS. — P/a«fa^o Lanceotala, L. ; Lindsey. RICE-PUDDING.— Corya/;j solida. Hook ; Howsham, L.— W. B. ROCKET. — The garden plant, Hesperis matronalis, L. General. ROGATION FLOWER.— Po/y^a/a vulgaris, L. ; Barton, L.- C. F. ROMAN WILLOW. — Syringa vulgaris, L. ; Lindsey and Kesteven, ROS-SOLIS.— -Dresera rotundifolia, L. ; Tattershall, L.— W. Stukley's Itin. Curt, 1724, p. 32. ROSE. — The general name for the genus Rosa. ROSEMARY. — Sonchus arvensis, L. ; Bottesford, L. — L. P. Also the garden plant Rosmarinus officinaUs, L. ROSE-OF -SHARON. —Hypericum calyeinum, L. ; Lindsey and Kesteven. ROSE-WITHOUT-A-THORN.— .K'ema japonica, L. -, South Kelsey, L.— H. C. B. Lychnis Coronaria, L. ; Bottesford, L. — F. P. ROT.—? RUE. — Ruta graveolens, L. General. See HERLY-GRASS. RUE-LEAVED WHITLOW-GRASS.— &;<'i/"raga tr'idactylites, L. ; Boston, L.— W. S. (1724). RUSH. — A general name for various species of Juncus. RUST, or RED-RUST.— Mildew in wheat. The uredo-spores of Puccittta graminis, Pers. [uredo rubiqo, D.C.) RYE, — Seeala eereale, L. General. 19 RYE-GRASS.— Lo/iam perenne, L. General. SAFFERN.— ^aaiferas Sabina, L. ; Lindsey and Kesteven. " Given by farm- servants to their horses to make their coats shine."^ — Graffoe K. R. E. G. C. It is said to be used for other improper purposes, as some of its local names in other counties signify. SAFFRON.— Crocus sativus, L. -, Bourn, K.— J. D. C. nudijiorus, L. ; Lea, L.— C. E. C. Colehicum autumnale, L. ; Lindsey. The first is the true plant ; the other two are so called from their general resemblance to it. SAG or SEDGE. — A name for various species of Carex. — B. ic H. SAGE. — Salvia officinalis, L. General. SAGE-OF-BETHLEHEM.— Me«r/,a veridis, L. ; Winterton, L.—L. P. ST. JAMES'S 'WORT.— Hypericum hirsutum, L.; Bottesford, L. — E. A. W.-P ST. JOHN'S WORT.— Hypericum perforatum, L. -, Bottesford, L. E. A. W.-P. ST. PETER'S CORN. — I understand that Triticum monococcum, L., is still called so in Germany. The Brant Barley [Bri-za monococcus) of T. Johnson's Gerarde, 1636, p. 74, is said to grow in Lincolnshire and is so called. I have not been able to fully explain this reference yet. SALLOW-THORN. — Htppophae rhamnoides, L. ; Mablethorpe, L. A book name. SALSAFY, or SALSIFY.— The garden herb Tragopogon porr'folius, L. A book name. SALTWORT. — Salicornia herbacea, L. On the coast. SAMPHIRE. — Salicornia herbacea, L. ; Holland. Blair's P,«ar. Bot., 1728, p. 318. He says " from the French and Italian words. Saint Piece, as if they meant St. Peter's Herb. It has been certainly used as a pickle for over two hundred years in Lincolnshire. SAND-WEED.— Tasii/a^o Farfara, L. ; Lindsey. SANFOIN.—Onobryehis sativa, L. General. SATIN -FLOWER.— LanaWa biennis, L. ; Bottesford, L.—L. P. Stellar'ia HoloStea, L. ; Washingborough, K.— J. S. S. SAUGH.— Salix Caprea, L. ; North-West Lindsey.— E. P. SAVIN.— ^am^B-as Sabina, L. ; Bottesford, L. — F. P. SAXIFRAGE. — The seeds of Carum- Carui, L., were once so called on the Lincoln shire seacoast. Phil. Trans., xviii.-xix. p. 35 (1695-97). SCAD. — Prunus instititia, L. ? J. E. Brogden says, " A winter plum." SCOOTS.— Ccara virosa, L. ; Boston, H. — B. & H. SCOTCPl FIR.— PJBaj sylvestris, L. General. SCOTCH ROSE.—? Bottesford, L.—E. A. W.-P. SCOTCH THISTLE. — Onopordon Acanthium, L. ; Cadney, L.— J. R. SCRAPE-CLEAN.— &K£ao -faeobcea, L.— B. & H. SCRUBBING-BRUSHES.— iJaaaMa/ai arvensis, L. ; Alford.— J. B. D. SCURVY GRASS.— &c/{/caHa offikinalis, L.; Boston H.— W. S. (1724.) Another plant — ? Bottesford, L.— F. P. SEA LAVENDER.— 5/a«« Limonium, L. ; Boston, H.— P. B. (1726-28). SEAM-CUPS. — Anemone nemorosa, L. ; Wragby, L. " Seam is the local name for lard. The name no doubt arose from the flower being white as against the yellow of Buttercups." — -J. S. S. SEA ORACH, or ARACH.—Atriplex pedunculata, L. ; Skirbeck, H.— Magna Britannia, 1738. SEA-PINK.— Armeria maritima, Willd. ; Humberston, L.-^E. A. W.-P. (1894). SEA WORMWOOD.— Artemisia maritima, L. ; Boston, H.— W. S. (1724). I SEG.— Various species of Carex ; North-West Lindsey. — E. P. Tris Pseudacorus, L. ; the same locality and authority. See SAG- SENGREEN. — StratioUs aloides, L. ; East Fen, H.— W. S. (1724). SHAMROCK. -An alien Oxalis grown as a window plant. SHAR-THACK.— See STAR-THACK. 3HEERE-GRASS or SORGH-GRASS.-C/arf/am germanieum, Schrad. "In Lincolnshire, it is called 5fere-grasse or Henne."— J. Gerarde's Heeboll, ^597. P- 7- The second form is found in W. How> Phyto Bot., 1650. My note under Henne should be replaced by this explanation. 20 SHEPHERD'S DELIGHT.— ^a|;a//« arvensis, L. ; Bottesford, L.— L.P. SHEPHERD'S PURSE.— CafW/a Bursa-pastoris, D.C. j Bottesford, L.—E. P. SHEPHERD'S WARNING and SHEPHERD'S WEATHERGLASS.— ^4Ba^'fl//« arnensis, L. ; Lindsey. SIGNS, or SINES.— Pjamwa arenaria, R. & S. ; Saltfleetby, L.— W. F. See Naturalist, 1880, p. 147. SILVER FIR.-^Pinus Pieea, L. General. So named because the under sides of the leaves are silvery. SIX-O'CLOCK-SLEEPERS.— 0™>%a/Bm umbellatum, L. ; Graffoe Wapentake, K. — R. E. G. C. SLEEPING BEAUTY.— A white-flowered Oxalis grown in pots in window gardens. So called because it dies down in the winter. SLOW, and SLUIES. — The fruit and sometimes the bush Prunus spinosa, L. ; Lindsey and Kesteven. SMALLAGE. — Apium graveolens, L. ; Boston, H. — P. R. (1725). SMALL BUR PARSLEY.— Caaca/is daucoides, L. ; Carlby, K.— T. J. W. SMUT. — Ustilago carbo, Tul. A parasitical fungus. General. SNAKE FLOWER. — Anemone nemorosa, L. ; but more often Stellar'ia Holostea, L. ; Graffoe Wapentake, K.— R. E. G. C. SNAKE PLANT. — Fritillaria meleagris, L. ; Winterton, L. — W. F. ? Another garden plant besides the above. SNAPDRAGON. — Antirrhinum magus, L. General. SNOTS. — A name given by children to the berries of Ta^'as baceata, L. ; Graffoe Wapentake, K.— R. E. G. C. SNOWBALLS and SNOWBALL-TREE.— The barren garden form of Viburnum Opulus, L. General. At times also the next too. SNOW -BERPC^ .^Symphor'icarpus racemosus, Mich. Lindsey. SNOWDROP.-^Ga/a«Mas nivalis, L. General. SNOW-IN-HARVEST. — Cerastium tomentosum, L., but sometimes applied by careless namesters to Arabis alpina, L. ; Lindsey. SOAPWORT. — The name of Saponaria officinalis, L., wherever it is found wild. SOFT-GRASS.— /fc/caj lanatus, L. ; Cadney, L.— J. R. SOFT-LEAF.—? SOLDIERS-AND-SAILORS. — Pulmonaria officinalis, L. ; Stixwould, L. " From the flowers being red and blue." — J. A. P. SOLOMON'S SEAL.— Polygonatum muliiflorum. All. The name in old gardens where it is found. SOLSEKILLE.— ? See Halliwell's Diaionary. SORB. — Pjirai .^;a, L., and its sub-species and varieties. Bottesford, L. (1887). A book name ? SORREL. — Rumex Acetosa, L. General. SOUR-GRASS and SOUR-SAUCE.— iJamej: Acetosa, L. General. SOUTHERN-WOOD.— Artemisia Abrotanum, L. Bottesford, L. — F. P. ,S0 VERSION FLOWER or TREE.— Kerr'ia 'japonica, L. ; Bottesford, L.—L. P. South Kelsey, L. — ^J. B. SOW-DINGLE. — Sonchus oleraceus, L., and S. aspei; Hoffm. ; North-West Lindsey. — E. P. SOW THISTLE.— See last. SPARROW GRASS. -Asparagus officinalis, L.; Bottesford, L. — E. P. Louth, L. — H. W. K. SPINACH or SPINAGE. — Spinacia oleracea, L. The garden plant. SPRUCE or SPRUCE FIR.— Abies excelsa, Poir. General. SPURGE. — The various species of Euphorbia. STAG'S HORNS, or STAG HORN TREE.— A species of Rhus found in old gardens. STALLIONS.— ^ram maculatum, L. ; Bottesford, L. — M. G. W.-P. STAR FLOWER.— Various species of Stellaria. STAR-OF-fiETHLEHEM. — Ornithogalum umbellatum, L. ; Bottesford, L.— E. A. W.-P. 21 STAR-OF-BETHLEHEM. — Hypericum calyeinum, L. ; Willoughton, L. — M. G. W. P. STAR-PUFF-BALL.— iym/)Bv/o« stellatum, L. ; Tumby, L. STAR-SHOT. — A white jelly-like fungus — Nostoc commune, Vauch. — often found in pastures. North West Lindsey. — E. P. STAR-THACK. — Cladiiim mariscus, L. ; Isle-of-Axholme, L.— S. H. Perhaps sometimes used also as a name for Phragmites communis, Trin. See Streatfeild's Lincolnshire and the Danes, p. 231 and 371. STARVE-ACRE, or STAVE-ACRE,- --RawaHcii/as arvensis, L. ; Lindsey and Kesteven. STINGING-NETTLE.— Wwa dioica^ L. j General. - STINKING BILLY.— Senecio Jacobcea, L.— B. & H. STINKING ROBERT.— Geramam Robertianum, L.— Lindsey. STINK PLANT.— Allium ursinum, L. ; Bbttesford, L.—L. P. STINK ROBIN.— Gfram'am Robertianum, L. ; Bottesford, L.— F. P. STOCK.— Afa«^»/a ineana, Br., of gardens. STONE-BRAMBLE.— .Raias saxatilis, L. ; Broughton, L.—E. A. W.-P. A book ¦ name. 3T0NE-CR0P.— .Warn acre, L. General. STONY-ON-THE-W ALL.— Cafif//a Bursa- Pastoris, Mcench. ; Graffoe Wapen take, K.— R. E. G. C. STRAWBERRY, and WILD STRAWBERRY.— Pra|-a«a vesca, L. The GARDEN STRAWBERRY is F. elatior, Ehrh. STRAWBERRY PLANT.— A garden species of Potentilla. Bottesford, L.— L.P. SUN-DAISY.— J/c//a»Me»iam vulgare, Gaertn. ; B. & H. SUN-DEW. — Drosera rotundifolia, L., and D. intermedia, Hayne ; Scotton Common and WoodhaU, both L.— E. A. W.-P. SUN-FLOWER. — The common name for Helianthus annuus, L., of gardens. SWEEPS. — Lu%ula campestris, L. ; Barnetby, L.—E. A. W-P. SWEET-BRIER. -iJoja rubiginosa, L. General. SWEETINGS.— A small apple, the earliest to ripen in Lincolnshire. SWEET MARJORUM.— The strong-scented gard en form of OW^a»a«i;K/jf are, L. j Lindsey. — A.W. SWEET NETTLE.— LamiaM album, L. ; Winteringham, L.— W. F. Cadney, L. J.R. SWEET VIOLET.— Viola odorata, L. General. SWEET WILLIAM.— DiaBMas barbatus, L. ; Bottesford, L.—E. A. W.-P. Cheiranthus Cheiri, L. ; Louthesk Hundred.— H. W. K. Bens Umbellara, L. ; South Kelsey.— J. B. SWORD-GRASS.— Parafwifes communis, Trin. ; North West Lindsey.— E. P. SYCAMORE. — Acer Pseudo-platauus, L. General. SYRINGA.— P^iW.'acas Jj-testrw, L. General. r„„„. TEA-TREE, or TEA-PLANT.— The garden bush Lycium barbarum, L. ; Bottes ford, L,— E. A. W.-P. TENACRE.— Pa»aHra/ai arvensis, L. ; Brandon, K.— J. B. D. , Supplement to Lines. N. & ^., Oaober, 1896. 22 THACK. — Phragmites communis, Trin. Sea-march North-east Lincolnshire. Revo. G. S. Streatfeild's Lincolnshire and the Danes, 1886, p. 371. THICK-LAVER.— Kfea incrassata, L. ; Spalding, H. THISTLE. — The general name for the genera Carduus and Cnicus. THORN, and WHITETHORN.— Crato^as Oxyacantha, L. General. THOROW -W AX.— Bupleurum rotutidifolium, L. ; Carlby, K. A book name only. THRIFT. — Armeria maritima, L. ; Bottesford, L. — F. P. Boston, H,— P. T. (1820). THROCK-NEEDLE.— ? See Halliwell's DiBianary. THYME. — Thymus Serphyllum, L. General. THYME WEED, or WATER THYME.— Elodea canadensis, Michae. A modern name. See MiUer and Skertchly's The Fenland, 1878, pp. 307-315. TIGER LILY. — Lilium tigrinum, L. General. TIMOTHY and TIMOTHY GRASS.— P/i/caw pratense, L. General. TOAD BACK. — Pulmonaria augustifolia, L. ; Cadney, L. — H. A. Fritillaria meleagris, L. ; Willoughton, L. — M. G. W. P. TOAD PIPE. — All the common species of Equisetum. General. TOADSTOOL. — The general name for fungi as distinguished from the edible mushroom. TOBACCO. — Nieotiana Tabacum, L. A greatful herb, which repays for use. TO-DAY and TO-MORROW.— Pa/»i(maria officinalis, L. ; Fulbeck, K. " From the two shades in the freshly-opened and faded flowers." — J. B. D. TOOTHACHE PLANT.— Hyoscyanus niger, L. j Fulbeck, K.— J. B. D. See The Naturalist, 1892, p. 13. TOTTER-BOBS and TOTTER ROBIN.— Priza media, L. ; Graffoe Wapentake, K.— R. E. G. C. TOTTERING TOM.— Briza media, L. j South Kelsey, L.— f. B. TREFOIL. — Medicago lupulina, L. Agricultural. TREMBLING GRASS.— Briza media, L. ; Bottesford, L.—E, A. W.-P. TURK'S CAP, or TURN CAP.— Liliun ehalcedonium, L. ; Bottesford, L. — E. A. W.-P. TURNIP, TURNEP, and TONUP.— .Brasska Rapa, L., and its varieties. TUSSOCK GRASS. — Aira easpitosa, L. General. TUSTAN. — Hypericum datum, L. ; Tattershall Park, L. — W. S. (1724). H. Androseemum, L., has apparently never been a native or escape in Lincoln shire. TWELVE APOSTLES.— A garden species of Passifora. Louthesk Hundred, L. —T.L. TWIKE, TWITCH, TWITCH GRASS, WWYCH, WHICK, and WICK. This great agricultural pest of good land is not one, but two grasses — Triticum repens, L., on the uplands, and Agrostis stolonifera, L., on the fens. VETCH and VETCHES. — Vicia sativa L., especially, but at times other Viiia. General. VINEGAR PLANT.— •' A kind of mould, Penieillium glaueum, formed during acetous fermentation, and used for accelerating the manufacture of vinegar." Treas. Bot. VIOLET. — The general name for the various species of Viola found in the county. VIRGIN MARY.— Pulmonaria offieinalis,L. ; Winterton and Ashby, both L. — W.F. VIRGIN BO'WER.— Clematis vitalba, L. -, Barton-on-Humber, L.— C. F. WAD.— See WOAD. WAKE-ROBIN.— ^ram maculatum, L. ; Boston, H.— P. T. A book name. WALL-FLOWER.— The general name for Cheiranthus Cheiri, L. WALNUT. — The general namefor jfuglans regia, L. WALL-RUE. — Asplenium Rutamuraria, L. ; Somerby, L. — E. S. WART-GRASS an4 WART-WEED.— Emphorbia peplus, L.,and E. Helioscopia, L. ; Howsham, L. — W. B. Kirton, L. — M. G. W. P. From the miUcy juice being used to remove warts from the hands. 23 WATCH -WH EEL. —i?a««w8/as arvensis, L. ; Lindsey. From some supposed similarity between the seed vessel of the plant and a watch wheel. WATER BETONY.— Scrophularia aquatica, L. ; Cadney, L.— H. T. WATER BLEB, or BLOB.— Caltha palustris, L. ; Graffoe Wapentake, K.— R. E. G. C. Louthesk Hundred, L. — T. L. " So called probably from Bleb, I.e., blister or bubble-like shape of its ripening seed vessels. — R. E. G. C. WATER-GERMANDER. — Teucrium Scordium, L. ; Lincolnshire Fens, in Mer- cator's Atlas, ed. 1636. WATER-GRASS. — Agrostis stolonifera, L., and Juncus supinus, Mcench. Both Cadney, L. — E. A. W.-P. But the first is the plant commonly so called. WATER HEMLOCK.— Cirara virosa, L. ; East Fen, K.— J. B. Sium latifolium, L.— Cadney, L.—E. A. W.-P. WATER LILY. — Nymphaea alba, L., and Nuphar luteum, Sm. General. WATER MUSTARD.— Barbarea vulgaris, E. Br. ; Boston, H.— P. T. WATER POPPIES.-Lychnis diurna, Sibth.; Boston, K.— B. & H. WATER SOLDIER.— Stratiotes aloides, L. ; Hatton, L.— W. H. WATER-VIOLET.— /foffonia/ia/aiirii, L. ; Epworth, L.—S. H. WEEPING WILLOW.— 5a/« babyloniea, L. General. WHEAT. — Triticum sativum, L. General. WHICK.- See TWIKE. WHICKEN.— See WICKEN. WHIN, WHINS, and WHIN-BUSH.— i/to europoeus, L, -, Lindsey and Kesteven. WHITE CAMPION.— Lychnis vespertina, Sibth. Bottesford, L.—E. A. W.-P. WHITE CLOVER.— Trj/o/iawr^ensL., in contradistinftion to CLOVER— Trj/o&B; pratense, L. General. WHITE HORSES.— The seeds of the genera Leontodon, Carduus, Cnicus. Winter- ton, L.— W. F. WHITE LEED.— Glyceria aquatica, Sm. See LEED. WHITE POPLAR.— Po/.a/aj alba, L. ; Lea, L.— A. S. WHITE RAGGED ROBIN.- Lychnis vespertina, Sibth. ; Bottesford, L.— F. P. WHITE ROT.— Hydrocotyle vulgaris, L. ; Lincolnshire.— J. B. D. WHITE THORN. — Crataegus Oxyacantha, L., to distinguish it from BLACK THORN. WHITE TOP.— HoUus lanatus, L. ; Cadney, L.— J. R. WHITE WATER LILY .—Nymphaea alba, L., in contradistinaion to the YELLOW WATER LILY. Lindsey. WHITE WILLOW. — 5a& alba, L. Lindsey. WHITLOW GRASS. -Euphorbia Helioscopia, L. ; Howsham, L.— W. B. See WART GRASS. WICK.— See TWIKE. WICKEN, WICKEN-TREE, and WITCHEN-WICKEN.— P^ras Aucuparia, Gaertn. ; Lindsey and Kesteven. " Still in general use for counteracting the spells of witches."— M. G. W.-P. " You make garlands of the branches and hang thera round your pig's neck — more especially when it is first put up to fatten. Then it cannot possibly be bewitched." — F. P. At Doddington, K., this tree is said to be Heder and Sheder, male and female, I hear from R. E. G. C. WILD ALDER. — CEgopodium Podagraria, L. ; Grantham, K. WILD CARROT. — Daucus Carota, L. ; Lindsey and Holland. WILD HEMP. — Galeopsis versicolor, Cu-ch. General. WILD OATS.— Avena fatua, L. ; Bottesford, L.— J. P. WILD RHUBARB.— Pwaste vulgaris, L. ;, Bottesford, L.— M. G. W. P. Louth, L.— H. W. K. WILD SNAPDRAGON.— imaWa vulgaris, L. ; Bottesford L.—E. A. W.-P. WILD WOAD.— See WOAD. , WILLOW and WILLOW TREE.— The general name for various species ot Salix. 24 WILLOW-WEED. — Veronica Beceabunga, L. j Fulbeck and Brandon, both K. — J. B. D. Polygonum Persicaria, L, ; Cadney, L. — T. F. WIND-FLOWER.— ^Beraone nemorosa, L. ; Bottesford, L. — F. P. WINTER BARLEY. — Hordeum vulgare, L., Var. kexastiehum, Lyte. Lindsey. WINTER CHERRY.— The garden plant. Physalis Alkakengi, L. WINTER CRACK. — Prunus domestica, L. ''A small green plum, the fruit of which ripens very late." Lindsey. — E. P. WINTER CRESS.— Pariarea vulgaris, R. Br. Reference lost. WINTER-WEED.— ^cramea a^esfis, L. ; Bottesford, L. — E. A. W.-P. WIRE THORN. — The wood, especially the roots, of the Yew — Taxus baceata, L, — when found buried under peat. Lindsey and Holland. See Sir J. Banks in Journal of Science and Art, Vol. 2, p. 244. WITCHES' BUTTER.—? A fungus, which grows on decaying wood. I have not seen the species for twenty years. Bottesford, L. — E. A. W.-P. WITCH ELM, WYCH EEM.— Ulmus montana, Sm. General. WITHY, or WYTHY.— Various species of Sal'ix. Lindsey. WOAD, or WAD. — Isatis tinBoria, L. General. " The wads, or outlying farm steads, of Great Cotes, are so called, I believe, from the large quahtities of Woad once grown there." — J. C. Reseda Luteola, L., is rarely called WOAD or WILD WOAD, or WAD too. WOMANDRAKE.-rTawas communis, L., in contradistinaion to MANDRAKE. Bottesford, L. — E. A. W.-P. "Used in working charms to this day." M. G. W. P. WOODBIND, WOODBINE, and WOODBIN.— Lonicera Perielymenum, L. -, Lindsey and Kesteven. WOODRUFF.— ^ifeca/a odorata, L. ; Broughton, L.—E. A. W.-P. WORMWOOD. — Several species of Artemisia. General. WOTS.- See OATS. WURZLE.— A cultivate form of Beta, L. A shortened name of MANGEL- WURZLE. WYTCH ELM.— See WITCH ELM. YACK-YARD, YARK-ROD.— &«erio Jaeobaa, L. ; Bottesford, L.—L. P. Cadney, L.—E. A. W.-P. YAR-NUT.— Bunium flexuosum. With. ; Old Bolingbroke, L.— J. B. D. Wragby, L.— J. S. S. YARROW. — Achillea Millefolium, L. General. " It is considered very wholesome if made into tea, after being dried, or while green." This I heard from a labourer, near Alford, L. — J. B. D. YELLOW JESSAMINE.— Jesmmaw nudiflorum, L., of gardens. General. YELLOW NETTLE.— iam/am Galeobdolon, Crantz. ; Tetford, L.— J. B. D. YELLOW SNAP-DRAGON.— imaria vulgaris, L. ; Bottesford, L.—E. A. W.-P. YELLOW WATER-LILY.— .ZVa/;4a»- luteum, Sm. ; Scawby and Cadney, both L. E. A. W.-P. YEW, or YEW-TREE.— The general name for Taxus baceata, L. " 'The oak, the ash, the elm, and yew, are the only trees that ever grew,' that is, that are worth calling trees, because making useful wood." Stixwould, L. — J. A. P. 25 ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS which have come to hand since we printed off the earlier papers. E. A. W.-P. ACORN, ACORNS, and ACORN-TREE.— The fruit and tree of ^^rrai Robur, L. ALDER. — Alnus glutinosa, L. General where the tree is found. See HOWLER. ALIWAYS.— .a/ai/rM, L. ; Boston, H.— G. S., 1825. CRACKERS.— Euphorbia Peplus, L. ; Wyberton, H.— M. L.-C. CRANBERRY. — Vaccinium Oxycoecus, L. "There are about three hundred acres of land in the east Fen where cranberries grow in such abundance as to . furnish a supply for several adjacent counties ; the land is chiefly Common belonging to Wainfleet and Friskney." — Ar. Young's Lines. Agri., 1799, p. 232. A former name of Mr. John Saul's farm in the Fen, Wainfleet St. Mary, was The Cranberry Farm, Mr. Saul told me. CROW-NEEDLES.— &aB/.oB;ea, L. ; not Kerria. WATER FLAG.— Iris Pseudacorus, L. ; Wyberton, H.— M.'L.-C. SNAKE PLANT.— ^ra»! dracuneulus, L. ; Bottesford, L. — E. A. W.-P. SATAN'S BREAD.— ^aMmeas sylvestris, Hoffm. ; Fishtoft and Frieston, H. " It is now well known under this name at Wyberton, H." — M. L.-C. 29 SHEEP-ROT.— Hydrocotyle vulgaris, L. Said to give sheep "the rot," probably because It grows in wet carr pastures, where they are most susceptible to it. — Winterton, L. — W. F. SLOES.— The fruit and tree of Prunus domestica, L., of field hedges.— Wvberton H — M. L.-C. ' SNAKE'S BUTTER.—/™ Pseudacorus, L. -, Moulton Chapel. "It is the usual name there." — M. L.-C. SWEET MARJORAM.— OH|-aBam majorana, L. : of gardens. Cadnev, L.— W. B. TARES and WILD TARES. -AU the species of Vicia, including V. sativa L : Wyberton, H.—M. L.-C. ' Other -words, not exaSlly plant names, which it is as 'well to note as used in Lincolnshire : — AFTERMATH. — The second crop of grass — the grass that grows when the hay is cut ; more commonly called eddish. — E. P. BAWTRY-SALAD.— The herbage cut from the sides of the dykes which comes floating down the river Trent in early summer when the drains and ditches which communicate with the upper part of its course are being cut and cleared. — E. P. BINDER. — A Hazel {corylus avellana, L.) rod, two or three yards long, so called because used for binding the tops of hedges when they are laid or " plashed." -E. A. W.-P. ; R. E. G. C. ; J. B. D. CHRISTMAS. — A word used to signify the winter foliage of Holly, Ivy, Misletoe, Laurel, or any other evergreen, used for decorating churches and houses at Christmas. — ^J. B. D. COSH. — The pods of beans and tares. —Wapentake of Graffoe. — R. E. G. C. CRABVARJUICE. — The juice of Crabs, the apples of Pyrus malus, L., pressed out 'by a small machine for the purpose, was formerly used as vinegar, and caUed "crabvarjuice." — Wapentake of Graffoe. — ^R. E. G. C. EDDISH.— See AFTERMATH. FOG and FOG-GRASS. — Rank, coarse grass not fed off the pastures in summer, or that grows as a second crop after the hay is cut. See AFTERMATH and EDDISH. -E. A. W.-P. FANGS. — ^The runners or stolons of plants. "Strawberry fangs." — Winterton, L. —W.F. FODDER. — Clover alone, or clover and ryegrass, or even sometimes hay, green and in stack, grown for cattle. — ^J. B. D. GREENS. — Any species of the cabbage tribe grown in gardens for the table— though never applied to cauliflowers. — F. P. HAULM.— The straw of Beans, Peas, and Tares. — M. E. W.-P. HERBS. — Plants used for stuffings, medicinal purposes, or cooling summer drink. — F. P. LOUGH. — " Coarse grass on moors." — Halliwell's Diaionary. MOSSY.— Peaty. " Mossy soil is always thinnest where it lies on sand or gravel." W. A. E. Ussher's Geology of North Lines., 1890, p. 155. PERRY. — See CRAB. POT-HERBS. A generic name for all species of plants which should be found on a earden herb-bed. — F. P. ROBIN-HOOD-AND-HIS-SHEEP or ROBIN-HOOD-AND-HIS-MEN.— The Bracken stalk or root just level with the ground, cut slanting so as to show its dark centre.— E. P. ; F. P. ; M. E. W.-P. ROSEMARY and ROBIN-REDBREAST.— The Rose Burr. ROUGH-LEAF.— SeedUngs, especially turnips, when they have got their second leaves are said to be in " rough leaf."— E. P. 3° RUNNER.— rA turnip or mangel..\yurzel which, in autumn, instead of forming a fleshy root, -shoots up a flowering stalk in its -first season. — E. P. SCROG.— ^Literally means a stunted bush, and is conneaed with the word scroggy. — -J. B. There was formerly a common near Gainsborough, now enclosed, caUed Corringham Scrogs. — E. A. W.-P. SEEDS. — Clover and Ryegrass grown for feeding horses and cattle, green or dry. Land used for growing clover or clover and ryegrass in contradistinction to permanent meadow and pasture. — E. A. W.-P. STARTHACK. — Coarse grasses and rushes used for thatching. There is a Star Carr in the Isle or Axholme. — E. A. W.-P. SWAD or SWOD.— A pod of beans, peas, or tares. -E. A. W.-P. THACK. — Coarse grass growing on moors. — E. A. W.-P. TOUCH- WOOD. — The inner decayed wood of large trees destroyed by fungoid growths, easy of ignition, and formerly used in the place of tinder. — E. A. W.-P. WHITE-CORN- Wheat, Barley, and Oats are so called. Graffoe Wapentake.— R. E. G. C. I shall always be happy to receive additions and corredtions for this List. > E. Adrian Woodruffe-Peacock. Cadney,, Brigg. I