YALE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY THE COLLEGE OF MISSIONS LIBRARY at the YALE DIVINITY SCHOOL THE NEW TESTAMENT OUR LORD AND SAVIOUR JESUS CHRIST. (1) THE OLD AND THE NEW COMPARED'. The New Revision of the Bible, BY THE OXFORD PRESS, ENG., COMPAEED WITH THE KING JAMES, AND THE CHANGES INDICATED. By S. L. MARROW. INDIANAPOLIS, IND.: S. L. MARROW & 06* 1881. (ill) COPYRIGHT BY & L. MARROW & GO. 1881. „„„ „„ ELECTROTYPED BY PRESS OF a CAELON & HOLLENBECK, KETCHUM & WANAMAKER, INDIANAPOLIS. INDIANAPOLIS, IND. PUBLISHERS' PREFACE. All students of the Bible will rejoice at the completion and publication of the Revised New Testament. A committee of learned men has given ten years of patient thought and exhaustive research to the accomplishment of this task. Now that the results of these labors are before the public a new interest in Scripture reading and investigation must follow. The New Version will be placed beside the Old for the purpose of comparison and to note the changes made by the revisers. To the end that this comparison maybe conveniently made, and the differences between the Old and the New readily seen, this volume is published. The two versions are here printed side by side in parallel columns. All changes, whether in punctuation, in words, phrases, or passages, will, in the Revised Version, be found in Bold-face type. Omissions are indicated by a *. In the publication of this volume the King James Version is printed from a copy of the New Testament issued by the American Bible Society, 1881, agate, 32 mo., and the New Version from the Oxford Nonpariel Edition. The Revisers' Preface is published herewith. This it seemed advisable to do* since it embraced a brief history of the various revisions made within the past three or four centuries, together with a complete history of the origin, progress and completion of the Revision just given to the public. To this is added, as an appendix, the list of readings and renderings preferred by the American Committee, and recorded at their desire. The Publishers. (v) THE REVISERS' PREFACE. The English Version of the New Testament here presented to the reader is a Revision of the Translation published in the year of. Our Lord 1611, and com monly known by the name of the Authorized Version. That Translation was the work of many hands and of several generations. The foundation was laid by William Tyndale. His translation of the New Testament was the true primary Version. The Versions that followed were either substan tially reproductions of Tyndale's translation in its final shape, orrevisionsof Ver sions that had been themselves almost entirely based on it. Three successive stages may be recognized in this continuous work of authoritative revision : first, the publication of the Great Bible of 1539-41 in the reign of Henry VIII ; next, the publication of the Bishops' Bible of 1568 and 1572 in the reign of Elizabeth; and lastly, the publication of the King's Bible of 1611 in the reign of James I. Besides these, the Genevan Version of 1560, itself founded on Tyndale's translation, must here be named ; which, though not put forth by authority, was widely circulated in this country, and largely used by King James' Translators. Thus the form in which the English New Testament has now been read for 270 years was the result of various revisions made between 1525 and 1611 ; and the present Revision is an attempt, after a long interval, to follow the example set by a succession of hon oured predecessors. I. Of the many points of interest connected with the Translation of 1611, two re quire special notice ; first, the Greek Text which it appears to have represented ; and secondly, the character of the Translation itself. 1. With regard to the Greek Text, it would appear that, if to some extent the Translators exercised an independent judgement, it was mainly in choosing amongst readings contained in the principal editions of the Greek Text that had appeared in the sixteenth century. Wherever they seem to have followed a read ing which is not found in any of those editions, their rendering mav probably be traced to the Latin Vulgate. Their chief guides appear to have been the later editions of Stephanus and of Beza, and also, to a certain extent, the Compluten- sian Polyglott. AU these were founded for the most part on manuscripts of late date, few in number, and used with little critical skill. But in those days it could hardly have been otherwise. Nearly all the more ancient of the documentary au thorities have become known only within the last two centuries ; some of the most important of them, indeed, within the last few years. Their publication has called forth not only improved editions of the Greek Text, but a succession of in structive discussions on the variations which have been brought to light, and on the best modes of distinguishing original readings from changes introduced in the course of transcription. While therefore it has long been the opinion of all schol ars that the commonly received text needed thorough revision, it is but recently that materials have been acquired for executing such a work with even approxi mate completeness. 2. The character of the Translation itself will be best estimated by considering the leading rules under which it was made, and the extent to which these rules appear to have been observed. The primary and fundamental rule was expressed in the following terms :— "The ordinary Bible read in the Church, commonly called the Bishops' Bible, to be followed, and as little altered as the truth of the Original will permit." There was, however this subsequent provision :— " These translations to be used, when they agree better with the text than the Bishops' Bible : Tyndale's, Matthew's, Coverdale's, Whitchurch's, Geneva." The first of these rules, which was substan, (vii) viii THE REVISERS' PREFACE. tially the same as that laid down at the revision of the Great Bible in the reign of Elizabeth, was strictly observed. The other rule was but partially followed. The Translators made much use of the Genevan Version. They do^not however ap pear to have frequently returned to the renderings of the other Versions named in the rule, where those Versions differed from the Bishops' Bible. On the other hand, their work shews evident traces of the influence of a Version not specified in the rules, the Rhemish, made from the Latin Vulgate, but by scholars conver sant with the Greek Original. Another rule, on which it is stated that those in authority laid great stress, re lated to the rendering of words that admitted of different interpretations. It was- as follows: — " When a word hath divers significations, that to be kept which hath been most commonly used by the most of the ancient fathers, being agreeable to the propriety of the place and the analogy of the faith." With this rule was asso ciated the following, on which equal stress appears to have been laid:—" The old ecclesiastical words to be kept, viz. the word Church not to be translated Congrega tion, &c." This latter rule was for the most part carefully observed ; but it may be doubted whether, in the case of words that admitted of different meanings, the instructions were at all closely followed. In dealingwith the more difficult words of this class, the Translators appear to have paid much regard to traditional inter pretations, and especially to the authority of the Vulgate ; but, as to the large residue of words which might properly fall under the rule, they used considera ble freedom. Moreover they profess in their Preface to have studiously adopted a variety of expression which would now be deemed hardly consistent with the ' requirements of faithful translation. They seem to have been guided by the feel ing that their Version would secure for the words they used a lasting place in the language ; and they express a fear lest they should " be charged (by scoffers) with some unequal dealing towards a great number of good English words," which,. without this liberty on their part, would not have a place in the pages of the En glish Bible. Still it cannot be doubted that they earned this liberty too far, and that the studied avoidance of uniformity in the rendering of the same words, even when occurring in the same context, is one of the blemishes in their work. A third leading rule was of a negative character, but was rendered necessary by the experience derived from former Versions. The words of the rule are as fol lows : — " No marginal notes atall to be affixed, but only for the explanation of the Hebrew or Greek words which cannot without some circumlocution so briefly and fitly be expressed in the text. ' ' Here again the Translators used some liberty; in their application of the rule. Out of more than 760 marginal notes originally appended to the Authorised Version of the New Testament, only a seventh part consists of explanations or literal renderings; the great majority of the notes. being devoted to the useful and indeed necessary purpose of placing before the reader alternative renderings which it was judged that the passage or the words' would fairly admit. The notes referring to variations in the Greek Text, amount to about thirty-five. Of the remaining rules it may be sufficient to notice one, which was for the most part consistently followed :— " The names of the prophets and the holy writers, with the other names of the text to be retained, as nigh as may be, accordingly as they were vulgarly used." The Translators had also the liberty, in " any place of special obscurity," to consult those who might be qualified to give an opinion. Passing from these fundamental rules, which should be borne in mind by any one who would rightly understand the nature and character of the Authorised Verson, we must call attention to the manner in which the actual work of the translation was carried on. The New Testament was assigned to two separate Companies, the one consisting of eight members, sitting at Oxford, the other con sisting of seven members, sitting at Westminster. There is no reason to believe that these Companies ever sat together. They communicated to each other, and likewise to the four Companies to which the Old Testament and the Apocrypha had been committed, the result of their labours ; and perhaps afterwards recon- x sidered them : but the fact that the New Testament was divided between two- ' separate bodies of men involved a grave inconvenience, and was beyond all doubt the cause of many inconsistencies. These probably would have been much more serious, had it not been provided that there should be a final super vision of the whole Bible, by selected members from Oxford, Cambridge, and Westminster, the three centres at which the work had been carried on. These * supervisors are said by one authority to have been six in number, and by another twelve. When it is remembered that this supervision was completed in nine , months, we may wonder that the incongruities which remain are not more ,' numerous. The Companies appear to have been occupied in the actual business of revision ' about two years and three-quarters. THE REVISERS' PREFACE. ix Such, so far as can be gathered from the rules and modes of procedure, is the character of the time-honored Version which we have been called upon to revise. We have had to study this great Version carefully and minutely, line by line ; and the longer we have been engaged upon it the more we have learned to admire its simplicity, its dignity, its power, its happy turns of expression, its general accu racy, and, we must not fail to add, the music of its cadences, and the felicities of its rhythm. To render a work that had reached this high standard of excellence still more excellent, to increase its fidelity without destroying its charm, was the task committed to us. Of that task, and of the conditions under which we have attempted its fulfilment, it will now be necessary for us to speak. II. The present Revision had its origin in action taken by the Convocation of the Province of Canterbury in February, 1870, and it has been conducted through out on the plan laid down in Resolutions of both Houses of the Province, and, more particularly, in accordance with Principles and Rules drawn up by a spe cial Committee of Convocation in the following May. Two Companies, the one for the revision of the Authorised Version of the Old'Testament, and the other for the revision of the same Version of the New Testament, were formed in the manner specified in the Resolutions, and the work was commenced on the twenty- second day of June, 1870. Shortly afterwards, steps were taken, under a resolu tion passed by both Houses of Convocation, for inviting the co-operation of American scholars ; and eventually two Committees were formed in America, for the purpose of acting with the two English Companies, on the basis of the Prin ciples and Rules drawn up by the Committee of Convocation. The fundamental Resolutions adopted by the Convocation of Canterbury on the third and fifth days of May, 1870 were as follows : — " 1. That it is desirable that a revision of the Authorised Version of the Holy Scriptures be undertaken. " 2. That the revision be so conducted as to comprise both marginal render ings and such emendations as it may be found necessary to insert in the text of the Authorised Version. " 3. That in the above resolutions we do not contemplate any new translation of the Bible, or any alteration of the language, except where in the judgement of the most competent scholars such change is necessary. " 4. That in such necessary changes, the style of the language employed in the existing Version be closely followed. "5. That it is desirable that Convocation should nominate a body of its own members to undertake the work of revision, who shall be at liberty to invite the co-operation of any eminent for scholarship, to whatever nation or religious body they may belong. ' ' The Principles and Rules agreed to by the Committee of Convocation on the twenty-fifth day of May, 1870 were as follows : — " 1. To introduce as few alterations as possible into the Text of the Authorised Version consistently with faithfulness. " 2. To limit, as far as possible, the expression of such alterations to the lan guage of the Authorised and earlier English Versions. " 3. Each Company, to go twice over the portion to be revised, once provisionally,. the second time finally, and on principles of voting as hereinafter is provided. "4. That the Text to be adopted be that for which the evidence is decidedly preponderating ; and that when the Text so adopted differs from that from which, the Authorised Version was made, the alteration be indicated in the margin. " 5. To make or retain no change in the Text on the second final revision by each Company, except two thirds of those present approve of the same, but on the first revision to decide by simple majorities. " 6. In every case of proposed alteration that may have given rise to discussion, to defer the voting thereupon till the next Meeting, whensoever the same shall be required by one-third of those present at the Meeting, such intended vote to be announced in the notice for the next Meeting. "7. To revise the headings of chapters and pages, paragraphs, italics, and punc tuation. "8. To refer, on the part of each Company, when considered desirable, to Di vines, Scholars, and Literary Men, whether at home or abroad, for their opinions." These rules it has been our endeavour faithfully and consistently to follow. One only of them we found ourselves unable to observe in all particulars. In ac cordance with the seventh rule, we have carefully revised the paragraphs, italics,. and punctuation. But the revision of the headings of chapters and pages would have involved so much of indi-ect, and indeed frequently of direct interpretation, that we judged it best to omit them altogether. Our communications with the American Committee have been of the following x THE REVISERS' PREFACE. nature. We transmitted to them from time to time each several portion of our First Revision, and received from them in return their criticisms and suggestions. These we considered with much care and attention during the time we were en gaged on our Second Revision. We then sent over to them the various portions of the Second Revision as they were completed, and received further suggestions, which, like the former, were closely and carefully considered. Last of all, we for warded to them the Revised Version in its final form ; and a list of those passages in which they desire to place on record their preference of other readings and renderings will be found at the end of the volume. We gratefully acknowledge their care, vigilance, and accuracy ; and we humbly pray that their labours and our own, thus happily united, may be permitted to bear a blessing to both coun tries, and to all English-speaking people throughout the world. The whole time devoted to the work has been ten years and a half. The First Revision occupied about six years ; the Second, about two years and a half. The remaining time has been spent in the consideration of the suggestions from America on the Second Revision, and of many details and reserved questions ^arising out of our own labours. As a rule, a session of four days has been held «very month (with the exception of August and September) in each year from tha. ¦commencement of the work in June, 1870. The average attendance for the whola time has been sixteen each day ; the whole Company consisting at first of twenty. seven, but for the greater part of the time of twenty-four members, many of them residing at gTeat distances from London. Of the original number four have been removed from us by death. At an early stage in our labours, we entered into an agreement with the TJniver- -versities of Oxford and Cambridge for the conveyance to them of our copyright in -the work. This arrangement provided for the necessary expenses of the under taking ; and procured for the Revised Version the advantage of being published by Bodies long connected with the publication of the Authorized Version. III. We now pass onward to give a brief account of the particulars of the pres- •ent work. This we propose to do under the four heads of Text, Translation, Language, and Marginal Notes. 1. A revision of the Greek text was the necessary foundation of our work ; but it did not fall within our province to construct a continuous and complete Greek, text. In many cases the English rendering was considered to represent correctly either of two competing readings in the Greek, and then the question of the text was usually not raised. A sufficiently laborious task remained in deciding be tween the rival claims of various readings which might properly affect the trans lation. When these were adjusted, our deviations from the text presumed to un derlie the Authorised Version had next to be indicated, in accordance with the fourth rule ; but it proved inconvenient to record them in the margin. A better mode however of giving them publicity has been found, as the University Presses have undertaken to print them in connection with complete Greek texts of the New Testament. In regard of the readings thus approved, it may be observed that the fourth rule, by requiring that " the text to be adopted " should be " that for which the ¦evidence is decidedly preponderating," was m effect an instruction to follow the authority of documentary evidence without deference to any printed text of mod ern times, and therefore to employ the best resources of criticism for estimating the value of evidence. Textual criticism, as applied to the Greek New Testament, forms a special study of much intricacy and difficulty, and even now leaves room for considerable variety of opinion among competent critics. Different schools of •criticism have been represented among us, and have together contributed to the final result. In the early part of the work every various reading requiring con sideration was discussed and voted on by the Company. After a time the prece- ' 'dents thus established enabled the process to be safely shortened ; but it was still at the option of every one to raise a full discussion on any particular reading, and \ the option was freely used. On the first revision, in accordance with the fifth rule, 5 the decisions were arrived at by simple majorities. On the second revision, at -which a majority of two-thirds was required to retain or iptroduce a reading at ' variance with the reading presumed to underlie the Authorised Version, many >1 readings previously adopted were brought again into debate, and either re-affirmed i -or set aside. Many places still remain in which, for the present, it would not be safe to ac cept one reading to the absolute exclusion of others. In these cases we have given alternative readings in the margin, wherever they seem to be of suf ficient importance or interest to deserve notice. In the introductory formula, the phrases " many ancient authorities," " some ancient authorities," are used with some latitude to denote a greater or lesser proportion of those authorities which have a distinctive right to be called ancient. These ancient authorities comprise THE REVISERS' PREFACE. xi not only Greek manuscripts, some of whi£h were written in the fourth and fifth centuries, but versions of a still earlier date in different languages, and also quo tations by Christian writers of the second and following centuries. 2. We pass now from the Text to the Translation. The character of the Revision was determined for us from the outset by the first rule, "to introduce as few alter ations as possible, consistently with faithfulness." Our task was revision, not re- translation. In the application however of this principle to the many and intricate details of our work, we have found ourselves constrained by faithfulness to introduce changes which might not at first sight appear to be included under the rule. The alterations wnich we have made in the Authorised Version may be roughly grouped in five principal classes. First, alterations positively required by change of reading in the Greek Text. Secondly, alterations made where the Authorised Version appeared either to be incorrect, or to have chosen the less probable of two possible renderings. Thirdly, alterations of obscure or ambiguous renderings into sucn as are clear and express in their import. For it has been our principle not to leave any translation, or any arrangement of words, which could adapt itself to one or other of two interpretations, but rather to express as plainly as was possible that interpretation which seemed best to deserve a place in the text, and to put the other in the margin. There remain yet two other classes of alterations which we have felt to be re quired by the same principle of faithfulness. These are,— Fourthly, alterations of the Authorised Version in cases where it was inconsistent with itself in the rendering of two or more passages confessedly alike or parallel. Fifthly, altera tions rendered necessary by consequence, that is, arising out of changes already made, though not in themselves required by the general rule of faithfulness. Both these classes of alterations call for some further explanation. The frequent inconsistencies in the Authorised Version have caused us much embarrassment from the fact already referred to, namely, thatastudied variety of rendering, even in the same chapter and context, was a kind of principle with our predecessors, and was defended by them on grounds that have been mentioned above. The problem we had to solve was to discriminate between varieties of rendering which were compatible with fidelity to the true meaning of the text, and varieties which involved inconsistency, and were suggestive of differences that had no existence in the Greek. This problem we have solved to the best of our power, and for the most part in the following way. Where there was a doubt as to the exact shade of meaning, we have looked to the context for guidance. If the meaning was fairly expressed by the word or phrase that was before us in the Authorised Version, we made no change, even where rigid adherence to the rule of translating, as far as possible, the same Greek word by the same English word might have prescribed some modification. There are however numerous passages in the Authorised Version in which, whether regard be had to the recurrence (as in the first three Gospels) of identical clauses and sentences, to the repetition of the same word in the same passage, or to the characteristic use of particular words by the same writer, the studied variety adopted by the Translators of 1611 has produced a degree of inconsistency that cannot be reconciled with the principle of faithfulness. In such cases we have not hesitated to introduce alterations, even though the sense might not seem to the general reader to be materially affected. The last class of alterations is that which we have described as rendered neces sary by consequence; that is, by reason of some foregoing alteration. The cases in which these consequential changes have been found necessary are numerous and of very different kinds. Sometimes the change has been made to avoid tautol ogy ; sometimes to obviate an unpleasing alliteration or some other infelicity of sound ; sometimes, in the case of smaller words, to preserve the familiar rhythm ; sometimes for a convergence of reasons which, when explained, would at once be accepted, but until so explained might never be surmised even by intelligent readers. This may be made plain by an example. When a particular word is found to recur with characteristic frequency in any one of the Sacred Writers, it is obvi ously desirable to adopt for it some uniform rendering. Again, where, as in the case of the first three Evangelists, precisely the same clauses or sentences are found in more than one of the Gospels, it is no less necessary to translate them in every place in the same way. These two principles may be illustrated by refer ence to a word that perpetually recurs in St. Mark's Gospel, and that may be trans lated either " straightway," " forthwith," or "immediately." Let it be supposed that the first rendering is chosen, and that the word, in accordance with the first of the above principles, is in that Gospel uniformly translated "straightway." Let it be further supposed that one of the passages of St. Mark in which it is so xii THE REVISERS' PREFACE. translated is found, word for word, in one of the other Gospels, but that there the rendering of the Authorised Version happens to be " forthwith " or " immediately." That rendering must be changed on the second of the above principles ; and yet such a change would not have been made but for this concurrence of two sound principles, and the consequent necessity of making a change on grounds extrane ous to the passage itself. This is but one of many instances of consequential alterations which might at first sight appear unnecessary, but which nevertheless have been deliberately made, and are not at variance with the rule of introducing as few changes in the Authorised Version as faithfulness would allow. There are some other points of detail which it may be here convenient to notice. One of these, and perhaps the most important, is the rendering of the Greek aorist. There are numerous cases, especially in connexion with particles ordinarily ex pressive of present time, in which the use of the indefinite past tense in Greek and English is altogether different ; and in such instances we have not attempted to violate the idiom of our language by forms of expression which it could not bear. But we have often ventured to represent the Greek aorist by the English preterite, even where the reader may find some passing difficulty in such a rendering, be cause we have felt convinced that the true meaning of the original was obscured by the presence of the familiar auxiliary. A remarkable illustration may be found in the seventeenth chapter of St. John's Gospel, where the combination of the aor ist and the perfect shews, beyond all reasonable doubt, that different relations of time were intended to be expressed. Changes of translation will also be found in connexion with the aorist participle, arising from the fact that the usual periphrasis of this participle in the Vulgate, which was rendered necessary by Latin idiom, has been largely reproduced in the Authorised Version by " when " with the past tense (as for example in the second! chapter of St. Matthew's Gospel), even where the ordinary participial rendering would have been easier and more natural in English. In reference to the perfect and the imperfect tenses but little needs to be said. The correct translation of the former has been for the most part, though with some striking exceptions, maintained in the Authorized Version : while with regard to the imperfect, clear as its meaning may be in the Greek, the power of expressing it is so limited in English, that we have been frequently compelled to leave the force of the tense to be inferred from the context. In a few instances, where faith fulness imperatively required it, and especially where, in the Greek, the sigificance of the imperfect tense seemed to be additionally marked by the use of the parti ciple with the auxiliary verb, we have introduced the corresponding form in En glish. Still, in the great majority of cases we have been obliged to retain the En glish preterite, and to rely either on slight changes in the order of the words, or on prominence given to the accompanying temporal particles, for the indication of the meaning which, in the Greek, the imperfect tense wras designed to convey. On other points of grammar it may be sufficient to speak more briefly. Many changes, as might be anticipated, have been made in the case of the defi nite article. Here again it was necessary to consider the peculiarities of English idiom, as well as the general tenor of each passage. Sometimes we have felt it enough to prefix the article to the first of a series of words to all of which it is pre fixed in the Greek, and thus, as it were, to impart the idea of definiteness to the whole series, without running the risk of overloading the sentence. Sometimes; conversely, we have had to tolerate the presence of the definite article in our Ver sion, when it is absent from the Greek, and perhaps not even grammatically latent • simply because English idiom would not allow the noun to stand alone, and be cause the introduction of the indefinite article might have introduced an idea of oneness or individuality, which was not in any degree traceable in the original. In a word, we have been careful to observe the use of the article wherever it seemed to be idiomatically possible ; where it did not seem to be possible, we have yielded to necessity. As to the pronouns and the place they occupy in the sentence, a subject often overlooked by our1 predecessors, we have been particularly careful ; but here again we have frequently been baffled by«tructural or idiomatical peculiarities of the English language which precluded changes otherwise desirable. In the case of the particles we have met with less difficulty, and have been able to maintain a reasonable amount of consistency. The particles in the Greek Test ament are, as is well known, comparatively few, and they are commonly used with precision. It has therefore been the more necessary here to preserve a gen eral uniformity of rendering, especially in the case of the particles of causality and inference, so far as English idiom would allow. Lastly, many changes have been introduced in the rendering of the prepositions especially where ideas of instrumentality or of mediate agency, distinctly marked THE REVISERS' PREFACE. xiii in the original, had been confused or obscured in the translation. We have how ever borne in mind the comprehensive character of such prepositions as " of " and " by," the one in reference to agency and the other in reference to means, especially in the English of the seventeenth century ; and have rarely made any change •where the true meaning of the original as expressed in the Authorised Version would be apparent to a reader of ordinary intelligence. 3. We now come to the subject of Language. The second of the rules, by which the work has been governed, prescribed that the alterations to be introduced should be expressed, as far as possible, in the language of the Authorized Version or of the Versions that preceded it. To this rule we have faithfully adhered. We have habitually consulted the earlier versions ; and in our sparing introduction of words not found in them or in the Authorized Version we have usually satisfied ourselves that such words were employed by standard writers of nearly the same date, and had also that feneral hue which justified their introduction into a Version which has held the , ighest place in the classical literature of our language. We have never removed any archaisms, whether in structure or in words, except where we were per suaded either that the meaning or the words was not generally understood, or that the nature of the expression led to some misconception of the true sense of the passage. The frequent inversions of the strict order of the words, which add much to the strength and variety of the Authorized Version, and give an archaic colour to many felicities of diction, have been seldom modified. Indeed, we have often adopted the same arrangement in our own alterations ; and in this, as in other particulars, we have sought to assimilate the new work to the old. In a few exceptional cases we have failed to find any word in the older stratum of our language that appeared to convey the precise meaning of the original. There, and there only, we have used words of a later date ; but not without having first assured ourselves that they are to be found in the writings of the best authors of the period to which they belong. In regard of Proper Names no rule was prescribed to us. In the case of names of frequent occurrence we have deemed it best to follow generally the rule laid down for our predecessors. That rule, it may be remembered, was to this effect, " The names of the prophets and the holy writers, with the other names of the text, to be retained, as nigh as may be, accordingly as they are vulgarly used." Some difficutly has been felt in dealing with names less familiarly known. Here our general practice has been to follow the Greek form of names, except in the case of persons and places mentioned in the Old Thestament ; in this case we have followed the Hebrew. 4. The subject of the Marginal Notes deserves special attention. They repre sent the results of a large amount of careful and elaborate discussion, and will, perhaps, by their very presence, indicate to some extent the intricacy of many of the questions that have almost daily come before us for decision. These Notes fall into four main groups : first, notes specifying such differences of reading as were judged to be of sufficient importance to require a particular notice ; sec ondly, notes indicating the exact rendering of .words to which, for the sake of English idiom, we were obliged to give a less exact rendering in the text ; thirdly, notes, very few in number, affording some explanation which the original ap peared to require ; fourthly, alternative renderings in difficult or debateable pas sages. The notes of this last group are numerous, and largely in excess of those which were addmitted by our predecessors. In the 270 years that have passed away since their labors were concluded, the Sacred Text has been minutely ex amined, discussed in every detail, and analysed with a grammatical precision un known in the days of the last Revision. There has thus been accumulated a large amount of materials that have prepared the way for different renderings, which necessarily came under discussion. We have therefore placed before the reader in the margin other renderings than those which were adopted in the text, wherever such renderings seemed to deserve consideration. The rendering in the text, where it agrees with the Authorized Version, was supported by at least one-third, and, where it differs from the Authorized Version, by at least two- thirds of those who were present at the second revision of the passage in ques- A few supplementary matters have yet to be mentioned. These may be thus enumerated,— the use of Italics, the arrangement in Paragraphs, the mode of printing Quotations from the Poetical Books of the Old Testament, the Punctua tion, and, last of all, the Titles of the different Books that make up the New Tes tament,— all of them particulars ou which it seems desirable to add a few explan atory remarks. . , , , . x . . ., ,. , „ (a) The determination, in each place, of the words to be printed in italics has Dot been by any means ea/w ; nor can we hope to be found in all cases perfectly xiv THE REVISERS' PREFACE. consistent. In the earliest editions of the Authorized Version the use of a differ ent type to indicate supplementary words not contained in the original was not very frequent, and cannot easily be reconciled with any settled principle. A re view of the words so printed was made, after a lapse of some years, for the editions of the Authnzed Version published at Cambridge in 1629 and 1638. Further, though slight, modifications were introduced at intervals between 1638 and the more systematic revisions undertaken respectively by Dr. Paris in the Cambridge Edition of 1762, and by Dr. Blayney in the Oxford Edition of 1769. None of them however rest on any higher authority than that of the persons who from time to time superintended the publication. The last attempt to bring the use of italics into uniformity and consistency was made by Dr. Scrivener in the Paragraph Bible published at Cambridge in 1870-73. In succeeding to these labours, we have acted on the general principle of printing in italics words which did not appear to be necessarily involved in the Greek. Our tendency has been to diminish rather than to increase the amount of italic printing ; though, in the case of difference of readings, we have usually marked the absence of any words in the original which the sense might nevertheless require to be present in the Version ; and again, in the case of inserted pronouns, where the reference did not appear to be perfectly certain, we have similarly had recource to italics. Some of these cases, especially when there are slight differences of reading. are of singular intricacy, and make it impossible to maintain rigid uniformity. (6) We have arranged the Sacred Text in paragraphs, after the precedent of the earliest English Versions, so as to assist the general reader in following the cur rent of narrative or argument. The present arrangement will be found, we trust, to have preserved the due mean between a system of long portions which muBt often include several separate topics, and a system of frequent breaks which though they may correctly indicate the separate movements of thought in the writer, often seriously impede a just perception of the true continuity of the pas sage. The traditional division into chapters, which the Authorized Version in herited from Latin Bibles of the later middle ages, is an illustration of the former method. These paragraphs, for such in fact they are, frequently include several distinct subjects. Moreover they sometimes, though rarely, end where there is no sufficient break in the sense. The division of chapters into verses, which was introduced into the New Testament for the first time in 1551, is an exaggeration ol the latter method, with its accompanying inconveniences. The serious obsta cles to the right understanding of Holy Scripture, which are interposed by minute subdivision, are often overlooked ; but if any one will consider for a moment the injurious effect that would be produced by breaking up a portion of some great standard work into separate verses, he will at once perceive how necessary has been an alteration in this particular. The arrangement by chapters and verses undoubtedly affords facilities for reference : but this advantage we have been able to retain by placing the numerals ou the inside margin of each page. (c) A few words will suffice as to the mode of printing quotations from the Poetical Books of the Old Testament. Wherever the quotation extends to two or more lines, our practice has been to recognise the parallelism of their structure by arranging the lines in a manner that appears to agree with the metrical divis ions of the Hebrew original. Such- an arrangement will be found helpful to the reader ; not only as directing his attention to the poetical character of the quota tion, but as also tending to make its force and pertinence more fully felt. We have treated in the same way the hymns in the first two chapters of the Gospel ac cording to St. Luke. (d) Great care has been bestowed on the punctuation. Our practice has been to maintain what is sometimes called the heavier system of stopping or in other words, that system which, especially for convenience in reading aloud sug gests such pauses as will best insure a clear and intelligent setting forth of the true meaning of the words. This course has rendered necessary, especially in the Epistles, a larger use of colons and semicolons than is customary in modern En glish printing. (c) We may in the last place notice one particular to which we were not ex pressly directed to extend our revision, namely, the titles of the Books of the New Testament. These titles are no part of the original text ; and the titles found in the most ancient manuscripts are of too short a form to be convenient for use Under these circumstances, we have deemed it best to leave unchanged the titles which are given in the Authorised Version as printed in 1611. _ We now conclude, humbly commending our labors to Almighty God and crav ing that his favour and blessing may be vouchsafed to that which has been clone in his name. We recognised from the first the responsibility of the undertakine- and through our manifold experience of its abounding difficulties we have felt THE REVISERS' PREFACE. xv more and more, as we went onward, that such a work can ne *er be accomplished by organised. efforts of scholarship and criticism, unless assisted by Divine help. We know full well that defects must have their place in a work so long and so- arduous as this which has now come to an end. Blemishes and imperfections there are in the noble Translation which we have been called upon to revise ; blemishes and imperfections will assuredly be found in our own Revision. All endeavors to translate the Holy Scriptures into another tongue must fall short of their aim, when the obligation is imposed of producing a Version that shall be alike literal and idiomatic, faithful to each thought of the original, and yet, in the expression of it, harmonious and free. While we dare to hope that in places not a few of the New Testament the introduction of slight changes has cast a new light upon much that was difficult and obscure, we cannot forget how often we have failed in expressing some finer shade of meaning which we recognised in the original, how often idiom has stood in the way of a perfect rendering, and how often the attempt to preserve a familiar form of words, or even a familiar cadence, has only added another perplexity to those which already beset us. Thus, in the review of the work which we have been permitted to complete, our closing words must be words of mingled thanksgiving, humility and prayer. Of thanksgiving, for the many blessings vouchsafed to us throughout the un broken progress of our corporate labours; of humility, for our failings and im perfections in the fulfillment of our task ; and of prayer to Almighty God, that the Gospel of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ may be more clearly and more freshly shewn forth to all who shall be readers of this Book. Jerusalem Chamber, Westminster Abbey. 11th November 1880. THE NAMES AND ORDER OF ALL THE BOOKS OF THE NEW TESTAMENT, Page S. Matthew 1 S. Mark 58 S. Luke 94 S, John 155 The Acts 200 To the Romans 259 I. Corinthians 283 II. Corinthians 305 To the Galatians 320 To the Ephesians 328 To the Philippians 336 TO THE COLOSSIANS 341 I. Thessalonians 346 II. Thessalonians 351 Page I. Timothy 354 II. Timothy 360 To Titus 365 To Philemon 367 To the Hebrews 369 James 386 I. Peter 392 II. Peter 399 I. John -403 II. John 409 III. John 410 Jude 411 Revelation 414 for thus it is written 6by the prophet, 6] And thou Bethlehem * land of Judah, Art in no wise least among the prin ces of Judah: For out of thee shall come forth a governor. Which shall be shepherd of my peo ple Israel. 7] Then Herod * privily called the *wise men, and learned of them carefully 8] 'what time the star appeared. And he sent them to Bethlehem, and said, Go and search out carefully concerning the young child ; and when ye have found him, bring me word *, that I also may 9] come and worship him. And they, having heard the king, went their way; and lo, the star, which they saw in the east, went before them, till it came and stood over where the young child was. 101 And when they saw the star, they re- 11] joiced with exceeding great joy. And * they came into the house and saw the 10r, Holy Spirit: and so throughout thia book. 2Gr. begotten. 3Ur. Emmanuel. -Kir. Magi. Compare Esther 1. 13; Uan. ii. 12. GOr, Where is the King of the Jews that us born? BOv, through. 70r tlte time of the star that appeared, S. MATTHEW. the house, they saw the young child with Mary his mother, and fell down, and worshiped him : and when they had opened their treasures, they presented unto him gifts; gold, and frankincense, and myrrh. 12 Andbeingwarnedof Godinadream that they should not return to Herod, they departed into their own country another way. 13 And when they were departed, be hold, the angel of the Lord appeareth to Joseph in a dream, saying, Arise, and •Sake the young child and his mother, and flee into Egypt, and be thou there until I bring thee word : for Herod will seek the young child to destroy him. 14 When he arose, he took the young child and his mother by night, and de parted into Egypt : 15 And was there until the death of Herod : that it might be fulfilled which was spoken of the Lord by the prophet, saying, Out of Egypt have I called my son. 1C 1f Then Herod, when he saw that he was mocked of the wise men, was ex ceeding wroth, and sent forth, and slew all the children that were in Bethlehem, and in all the coasts thereof, from two years old and under, according to the time which he had diligently inguired of the wise men. " • 17. Then was fulfilled that which was spoken by Jeremy the prophet, saying, 18 In Rama was there a voice heard, lamentation, and weeping, and great mourning, Eachel weemng/or her child ren, and would not be comforted, be cause they are not. 19 1| But when Herod was dead, be hold, an angel of the Lord appeareth in a dream to Joseph in Egypt, 20 Saying, Arise, and take the young child and his mother, and go into the land of Israel : for they are dead which sought the young child's life. 21 And he arose, and took the young child and his mother, and came into the land of Israel. 22 But when he heard that Archelaus did reign in Judea in the room of his father Herod, he was afraid to go thither : notwithstanding, being warned of God in a dream, he turned aside into the parts of Galilee : 23 And he came and dwelt in a city called Nazareth: that it might be ful filled which was spoken by the prophets, He shall be called a Nazarene. CHAPTER HI. The preaching of John the Baptist. IN those days came John the Baptist, preaching in the wilderness of Judea, 2 And saying, Repent ye : for the king dom of heaven is at hand. 3 For this is he that was spoken of by young child with Mary his mother ; and they fell down and worshipped him; and opening their treasures they offered unto him gifts, gold and frankincense 12] and myrrh. And being warned of God in a dream that they should not return to Herod, they departed into their own country another way. 13] Now when they were departed, be hold, an angel of the Lord appeareth to Joseph in a dream, saying, Arise and take the young child and his mother, and flee into Egypt, and be thou there until I tell thee: for Herod will seek the young 14] child to destroy him. And he arose and took the young child and his mother by night, and departed into Egypt; 15] and was there until the death of Herod: that it might be fulfilled which was spoken by the Lord through the prophet, saying, Out of Egypt did I call 16] my son. Then Herod, when he saw that he was mocked of the 'wise men, was exceeding wroth, and sent forth, and slew all the male children that were in Bethlehem, and in all the borders thereof, from two years old and under, according to the time which he had carefully learned of the 'wise men. 17] Then was fulfilled that which was spoken 2by Jeremiah the prophet, say ing,18] A voice was heard in Rnmah, * * Weeping and great mourning, Rachel weeping for her children ; And she would not be comforted, because they are not. 19] But when Herod was dead, behold, an angel of the Lord appeareth in a 20] dream to Joseph in Egypt, saying, Arise and take the young child' and his mother, and go into the land of Israel; for they are dead that sought 21] the young child's life. And he arose and took the young child and his mother, 221 and came into the land of Israel. But when he heard that Archelaus was reigning over Judaea in the room of his father Herod, he wasafraid to go thither ; and being warned of God in a dream, he withdrew into the parts of Galilee, 23] and * came and dwelt in a city called Nazareth : that it might be fulfilled which was spoken 2by the prophets, that he should be called a Nazarene. 3 And in those days Cometh John the Baptist, preaching in the wilderness of 21 Judira, * saying, Repent, ye; for the 3] kingdom of heaven is at hand. For this is he that was spoken of 2 by Isaiah the prophet, saying, lGr. Magi. Compare Esther i. 13; Dan. ii. 12. 20r, through. S. MATTHEW. the prophet Esaias, saying, the voice of one crying in the wilderness, Prepare ye the way of the Lord, make his paths straight. 4 And the same John had his raiment of camel's hair, and a leathern girdle about his loins : and his meat was lo custs and wild honey. 5 Then went outtohim Jerusalem, and all Judea, and all the region round about Jordan, 6 And were baptized of him in Jordan, confessing their sins. 7 If But when ho saw many of the Pharisees and Sadducees come to his baptism, he said unto them, 0 genera tion of vipers, who hath warned you to flee from the wrath to come ? 8 Bring forth therefore fruits meet for repentance : 9 And think not to say within your selves. We have Abraham to our father ; for I say unto you, that God is able of these stones to raise up children unto Abraham. 10 And now also the axe is laid unto the root of the trees : therefore every tree which bringeth not forth good fruit is hewn down, and cast into the fire. 11 I indeed baptize you with water unto repentance: but he that cometh after me is mightier than I, whose shoes I am not worthy to bear .• He shall bap tize you with the Holy Ghost, and with fire. 12 Whose fan is in his hand, and he will thoroughly purge his floor, and gather his wheat into the garner; but he will burn up the chaff with un quenchable fire. 13 H Then cometh Jesus from Galilee to Jordan unto John, to be baptized of him. 14 But John forbade him, saying, I have need to be baptized of thee, and comest thou to me ? 15 And Jesus answering said untq him, Suffer it to be so now: for thus it be- cometh us to fulfill all righteousness. Then he suffered him. 16' And Jesus, when he was baptized, went up straightway out of the water: and, lo, the heavens were open unto him, and he saw the Spirit of God descending like a dove, and lighting upon him : 17 And lo a yoice from heaven, saying, This is my beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased. CHAPTER IV. The temptation of Jesus. THEN was Jesus led up of the Spirit into the wilderness to be tempted of the devil. ! 2 And when he had fasted forty days and forty nights, he was afterward a hungered. The voice of one crying in the wilder ness, Make ye ready the way of the Lord, Make his paths straight. 4] Now John himself had his raiment of camel's hair, and a leathern girdle about his loins : and his food was locusts and 5] wild honey. Then went out unto him Jerusalem, and all Judaui, and all 61 the region round about Jordan ; aud tlicy were baptised of him in the river 7] Jordan, confessing their sins. But when he saw many of the Pharisees and Sadducees coming to his baptism, he said unto them, Ye offspring of vipers, who warned you to flee from the 8] wrath to come? Bring forth there- 9] fore fruit worthy of ¦repentance : and think not to say within yourselves, Wo have Abraham to our father : for I say unto you, that God is able of these stones to raise up children unto Abraham. 10] And even now is the axe laid unto the root of the trees: every tree there fore that bringeth not forth good fruit is 11] hewn down, and cast into the fire. I indeed baptize you 2 with water unto re pentance : but he that cometh after me is mightier than I, whose shoes I am not 3 worthy to bear: he shall baptize you 2 with the Holy Ghost and with fire: 12 1 wh,ose fan is in his hand, and he will thoroughly cleanse his threshing- floor ; and he will gather his wheat into the garner, but the chaff he will burn up with unquenchable fire. 13] Then cometh Jesus from Galilee to the Jordan unto John, to be baptized of 14] him. But John would hare hindered him, saying, I have need to be baptized 15] of thee, and comest thou to me? But Jesus answering said unto him, Suffer Ht * * now : for thus it becometh us to fulfil all righteousness. Then he sffuer- 16] eth him. And Jesus, when he was baptized, went up straightway from the water : and lo, the heavens were opened '¦> unto him, and he saw the Spirit of God descending as a dove, and coming upon 17] him; and lo, a voice out of the heav ens, saying, ° This is my beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased. 4 Then was Jesus led up of the Spirit into the wilderness to be tempted of the 2] devil. And when he had fasted forty days and forty nights, he * afterward 3] * hungered. And the tempter came and lOr, your repentance. 20r, in. 8Gr. suffi cient. 40r, me. &Some ancient authorities omit unta him. fiOr, This is my Son; my be loved in whom I am well pleased. Seech xu. hi. S. MATTHEW. 3 And when the tempter came to him, he said, If thou be the Son of God, com mand that these stones be made bread. 4 But he answered and said, It is written, Man shall not live by bread alone, but by every word that proceed- eth out of the mouth of God. 5 Then the devil taketh him up into the holy city, and setteth him on a pin nacle of the temple, 6 And saith unto him, if thou be the Son of God, cast thyself down : for it is written, He shall give his angels charge concerning thee : andin their Hands they shall bear thee up, lest at any time thou dash thy foot against a stone. 7 Jesus said unto him, It is written again, Thou shalt not tempt the Lord thy God. 8 Again, the devil taketh him up into an exceeding high mountain, and shew- eth him all the kingdoms of the world, and the glory of them ; 9 And saith unto him, all these things will I give thee, if thou wilt fall down and worship me. 10 Then saith Jesus unto him, Get thee hence, Satan . for it is written, thou shalt worship the Lord thy God, and him only shalt thou serve. 11 Then the devil leaveth him, and, be hold, angels came and ministered unto him. 12 1f Now when Jesus had heard that John was cast into prison, he departed into Galilee ; 13 And leaving Nazareth, he came and dwelt in Capernaum, which is upon the sea coast, in the borders of Zabulon and Nephthalim : 14 That it might be fulfilled which was spoken By Esaias the prophet, saying, 15 The land of Zabulon, and the land of Nephthalim, by the way of the sea, beyond Jordan, Galilee of the Gentiles : 16 The people which sat in darkness saw great light ; and to them which sat in the region and shadow of death light is sprung up. 17 If From that time Jesus began to § reach, and to say, Repent: forthe king- om of1 heaven is at hand. 18 If And Jesus, walking by the sea of Galilee, saw two brethren. Simon called Peter, and Andrew his brother, casting a net into the sea : for they were fishers. 19 And he saith unto them, Follow me, and I will make you fishers of men. 20 And they straightway left their nets, and followed him. 21 And going on from thence, he saw other two brethren, James the son of Zebedee, and John his brother, in a ship with Zebedee their father, mending their nets; and he called them. 22 And they immediately left the ship and their father, and followed him. lGr. loaves. VGr.winq. Kir, through. 4Gr where. 60r. Jacob: and so elsewhere. said unto him, If thou art the .Son of God, command that these stones become 4] ! bread. But he answered and said, It is written. Man shall not live by bread alone, but by even* word that proceed- 51 cth out of the mouth of God. Then the devil taketh him * into the holy city , and he set him on the 2pinnacle of the 6] temple, and saith unto him. If thou art the Son of God, cast thyself down : for it is written, He shall give his angels charge con cerning thee : And on their hands they shall bear thee up, Lest haply thou dash thy foot against a stone. s 7] Jesus said unto him, Again it is writ ten, Thou shalt not tempt the Lord thy 8] God. Again, (he devil taketh him* unto an exceeding high mountain, and sheweth him all the kingdoms of the 9] world, and the glory of them; and b« said unto him, All these things will I give thee, if thou wilt fall down and 10] worship me. Then saith Jesus unto him, Get thee hence, Satan: for it is written, Thou shalt worship the Lord thy God, and him only shalt thou serve. 11] Then the devil leaveth him ; and be hold, angels came and ministered unto him. 12] Now when be beard that John was delivered up, he withdrew into Galilee , 13] and leaving Nazareth, he came and dweltin Capernaum, which is by the sea, in the borders of Zebnlun and Nnphtali : 14] that it might be fulfilled which was spoken 3by Isaiah the prophet, saying, 15] The land of Zebulun and the land of Naphtali, 4Toward the sea, beyond Jordan, Galilee of the 5Gentilcs, 16] The people which sat in darkness Saw a great light, And to them which satin the region and shadow of death, To them did light spring up. 17] From that time began Jesus to preach, and to say, Repent ye; for the kingdom of heaven is at hand. 181 And * walking by the sea of Galilee, he saw two brethren, Simon who is called Peter, and Andrew his brother, casting a net into the sea; for they were 19] fishers. And he saith unto them, Conn? ye after me, and I will make you 201 fishers of men. And they straight way left the nets, and followed him. 21] And going on from thence he saw other two brethren, 'James the son of Zebedee, and John his brother, in the boat with Zebedee their father, mending 221 their nets; and he called them. And they straightway left the boat and their father, and followed him. The way of the sea. ^Gy. nations; and so else- S. MATTHEW. 23 f And Jesus went about all Galilee, teaching in their synagogues, and preaching the gospel of the kingdom, and healing all manner of sickness and all manner of disease among the people. 24, And his fame went throughout all Syria: and they brought unto him all sick people that were taken with divers diseases aud torments, and those which were possessed with devils, and those which were lunatic, and those that had the palsy; and he healed them. 25 And there followed him great mul titudes of people from Galilee, and from Decapolis. and from Jerusalem, and from Judea, and from beyond Jordan. CHAPTER V. Tlie sermon on tlic mount. AND seeing the multitudes, he went up into a mountain : and when he was set, his disciples came unto him : 2 And he opened his mouth, and taught them, saying, 3 Blessed are the poor in spirit: for theirs is the kingdom of heaven. 4 Blessed are they that mourn: for they shall be comforted. 5 Blessed are the meek : for they shall inherit the earth. 6 Blessed are they which do hunger and thirst after righteousness : for they shall be filled. 7 Blessed are the merciful: for they shall obtain mercy. 8 Blessed are the pure in heart: for they shall see God. 9 Blessed are the peacemakers: for they shall be called the children of QoC. 10 Blessed are they which are perse cuted for righteousness' sake : for theirs is the kingdom of heaven. 11 Blessed are ye, when men shall re vile you, and persecute you, and shall say all manner of evil against you false ly, for my sake. 12 Rejoice, and be exceeding glad : for great is your reward in heaven : for so persecuted they the prophets which were before you. .13 If Ye are the salt of the earth : but if the salt have lost his savour, where with shall it be salted? it is thenceforth good for nothing, but to be cast out, and to be trodden under foot of men. 14 Ye are the light of the world. A city that is set on a hill cannot be hid. 15 Neither do men light a candle, and put it under a bushel, but on a candle stick ; and it giveth light unto all that are in the house. 16 Let your light so shine before men, that they may see your good works, and glorify your Father which is in heaven. 17 "J Think not that I am come to de stroy the law, or the prophets : I am not come to destroy, but to fulfil. 18 For verily I say unto you, Till heav- 23] And Uesus went about in all Gali lee, teaching in their synagogues, and preaching the 2gospel of the kingdom, and healing all manner of disease and all manner of sickness among the people! 24| And the report of him went forth into all Syria: and they brought unto him all that were sick, lioldcn with di vers diseases and torments, 3 * * possessed with devils, and epileptic, and ::t palsied ; 25] and he healed them. And there fol lowed him great multitudes * from Gali lee and * Decapolis and ';c Jerusalem and * Judaea and from beyond Jordan. 5 And seeing the multitudes, he went up into the mountain: and when he had sat down, his deciples came unto him : 21 and he opened his mouth and taught them, saying, 31 Blessed are the poor in spirit: for theirs is the kingdom of heaven. 41 4Blessed are they that mourn : for they shall be comforted. 5] Blessed are the meek : for they shall inherit the earth. 61 Blessed are they that hunger and thirst after rignteousness : for they shall be filled. 7] Blessed arc the merciful: for they shall obtain mercy. 8] Blessed are the pure in heart: for they shall see God. 9] Blessed are the peacemakers: for they shall be called sons of God. 10] Blessed are they that have been persecuted for righteousness' sake: for 11] theirs is the kingdom of heaven. Bles sed are ye when men shall reproach you, and persecute you, and say all manner of evil against you falsely, for my sake.j 12] Rejoice, and be exceeding glad: for great is your reward in heaven : for sft" persecuted they the prophets which werej before you. 13] Ye are the salt of the earth: but if the salt have lost its savour, where with shall it be salted ? it is thenceforth good for nothing, but to be cast out and 141 * * trodden under foot of men. Ye are the light of the world. A city * set 15] on a hill cannot be hid. Neither do men light a lamp, and put it under! the bush el, but on the stand ; and it shin- eth unto all that are in the house.; 161 Even so let your light shine before i men, .that they may see your good works,.] and glorify your Father which is in) heaven.17] Think not that I came to destroy the law or the prophets : I came not to de- 18] stroy, but to fulfil. For verily I say unto you, Til",, heaven and earth pass lfiome ancient authorities read he. 20r,J good tidings: and bo elsewhere. 30r, demo-° niacs. 4Some ancient authorities transpose ver. 4 and 5. S. MATTHEW. en and earth pass, one jot or one tittle shall in no wise pass from the law, till all be fulfilled. 19 Whosoever therefore shall break one of these least commandments, and shall teach men so, he shall be called the least in the kingdom of heaven : but whoso ever shall do and teach them, the same shall be called great in the kingdom of heaven. 20 For I say unto you, That except your righteousness shall exceed the right eousness of the scribes and Pharisees, ye shall in no case enter into the kingdom of heaven. 21 If Ye have heard that it was said by them of old time, Thou shalt not kill ; and whosoever shall kill shall be in dan ger of the judgment : 22 But I say unto you, That whosoever is angry with his brother without a cause shall be in danger of the judgment : and whosoever shall say to his brother, Raca, shall be in danger of the council: but whosoever shall say, Thou fool, shall be in danger of hell fire. 23 Therefore if thou bring thy gift to the altar, and there rememberest that thy brother hath aught against thee ; 24 Leave there thy gift before the al tar, and go thy way ; first be reconciled to thy brother, and then come and offer thy gift. 25 Agree with thine adversary quickly, while thou art in the way with him ; lest at any time the adversary deliver thee to the judge, and the judge deliver thee to the officer and thou be. cast into prison. 26 Verily I say unto thee, Thou shalt by no means come out thence, till thou hastpaid the uttermost farthing. 27 If Ye have heard that it was said by them of old time, Thou shalt not com mit adultery: 28 But I say unto you, That whosoever looketh on a woman to lust after her hath committed adultery with her al ready in his heart. 29 And if thy right eye offend thee, pluck it out, and cast it from thee : for it is profitable for thee that one of thy members should perish, and not that thy whole body should be cast into hell. 30 And if thy right hand offend thee, cut it off, and east it from thee : for it is profitable for thee that one of thy mem bers should perish, and not that thy whole body should be cast into hell. 31 It hath been said, Whosoever shall put away his wife, let him give her a writing of divorcement: 32 But I say unto you, That whosoever shall put away his wife, saving for the cause of fornication, causeth her to com mit adultery : and whosoever shall mar ry her that is divorced committeth adul tery. < 33 If Again, ye have heard that it hath been said by them of old time, Thou away, one jot or one tittle shall in no wise pass away from the law, till all 19] things be accomplished. Whosoever therefore shall break one of these least commandments, and shall teach men so, * shall be called least in the kingdom of heaven : but whosoever shall do and teach them, he shall be called great in 20] the kingdom of heaven. For I say unto you, that except your righteous ness shall exceed the righteousness of the scribes and Pharisees, ye shall in no wise enter into the kingdom of heaven. 21] Ye have heard that it was said to them of old time, Thou shalt not kill ; and whosoevertshall kill shall be in 22] danger of the judgment: but 1 say unto you, that' every one who is angry with his 1brother * # * shall be in dan ger of the judgement ; and whosoever shall say to rfis brother, 2Eaca, shall be in danger of the council ; and who soever shall sav, 3Thou fool, shall be in 23] danger«of the ^liell of fire. If there fore thou art offering thy gift at the altar, and there rememberest that thy 24] brother hath aught against thee, leave there thy gift before the altar, and go thy way, first be reconciled to thy brother, and then come and offer thy 25] gift. Agree with thine adversary quickly, whiles thou art with him in the way; lest haply the adversary deliver thee to the judge, and the judge °de- liver thee to the officer, and thou be cast 26] into prison. Verily I say unto thee, Thou shalt by no means come out thence, till thou have paid the last farthing. 271 Ye have heard that it was said ,* * * * * 28] Thou shalt not commit adultery : but I say unto you, that every one that look eth on a woman to lust after her, hath committed adultery with her already in 29] his heart. And if thy right eye caus eth thee to stumble, pluck it out, and cast it from thee : for it is profitable for thee that one of thy members should perish, and not ':i thv whole bodv be cast 30] into 'hell. And if thy right hand causeth thee to stumble, cut it off, and cast it from thee : for it is profitable for thee that one of thy members should perish, and not * thy whole body go into 311 7hell. It was said also, Whosoever shall put away hiswife, let him give her 32] a writing of divorcement: but I say unto you, that every one that putteth away his wife, saving for the cause of fornication, maketh her an adulteress: and whosoever shall marry her when she is put away committeth adultery. 331 Again, ye have heard that it was said to them of old time, Thou shalt not iMany ancient authorities inseit without cause.. 2An expression of contempt. 3Or, Moreh, a Hebrew expression of condemna tion. 4fir. unto or into. 6Gr . Gehenna of f re. GSome ancient authorities omit deliver (/tee, 7Gr. Gehenna, S. MATTHEW. shalt not forswear thyself, but shalt per form unto the Lord thine oaths: 34 But I say unto you, swear not at all ; neither by heaven; for it is God's throne: 35 Nor by the earth ; for it is his foot stool: neither by Jerusalem ; foritisthc citv of the great King. 36 Neither shalt thou swear by thy head, because thou canst not make one hair white or black. 37 Butletyourcommunicalionbe, Yea, yea ; Nay, nay : for whatsoever is more than these cometh of evil. 38 1[ Ye have heard that it hath been said, An eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth : 39 But I say unto you, That ye resist not evil : but whosoever shall smite thee on thy right cheek, turn to him the other also, ' 40 And if any man will sue thee at the law, and take away thy coat, let him have thy cloak also. 41 And whosoever shall compel thee to go a mile, go with him twain. 42 Give to him that asketh thee, and from him that would borrow of thee turn not thou away-. 43 1f Ye have heard that it hath been said, Thou shalt love tby neighbour, and hate thine enemy. 44 But I say unto you, Love your ene mies, bless them that curse you, do good to them that hate you, and pray for them which despitefully use you, and perse cute vou ; 45 That ye may be the children of your Father which is in heaven : for he mak- eth his sun to rise on the evil and on the good, and sendeth rain on the just and on the unjust. 46 For if ye love them which love you, what reward have ye ? do not even the publicans the same ? 47 And if ye salute your brethren only, what do ye more than others f do not even the publicans so? 48 Be ye therefore perfect, even as your Father which is in heaven is perfect. CHAPTER VI. The sermon on the mount continued. TAKE heed that ye do not your alms before men, to be seen of them : oth erwise ye have no reward of your Fath er which is in heaven. 2 Therefore when thou doest thine alms, do not sound a trumpet before thee, as the hypocrites do in the synagogues and in the streets, that they may have glory of men. Verily I say unto you, They have their reward. 3 But when thou doest alms, let not thy left hand know what thy right hand doeth : 4 That thine alms may be in secret: and thy Father which seeth in secret himself shall reward thee openly. forswear' thyself, but shalt perform Unto 34] the Lord thine oaths: but I say unto you, Swear not at all ; neither by the heaven, for it is the throne of God; 35] nor by the earth, for it is the foot stool of his feet; nor 'by Jerusalem, for 361 His the city of thegreatKing. Neither shalt thou swear by thy head, for thou canst not make one hair white or black. 37] 2But let your speech be, Yea, yea; Nay, nay: and whatsoever is more than these is of 3the evil one. 381 Ye have heard that it was said, An eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth : 39] but I say unto you, * * Resist not ¦'him that is evil : but whosoever smiteth thee on thy right cheek, turn to him the 401 other also. And if any man would go to law with thee, and take away thy 41] coat, let him have thy cloke also. And whosoever shall 6compel thee to go one 42] mile, go with him twain. Give to him that asketh thee, and from him that would borrow of thee turn not thou away.43] Ye have heard that it was said, Thou shalt love thy neighbour, and hate thine, 44] enemy : but I say unto you, Love your enemies, * * * and pray for them 45] * * that persecute you ; that ye may be sons of your Father which is in heaven : for he maketh his sun to rise on the evil and * the good, and sendeth rain 46J on the just and • the unjust. Forif ye'love them that love you, whatrewaid have ye? do not even the °publicansthe 47] same ? And if ye salute your brethren only, what do ye more than others f do 48J not even the Gentiles the same? Ye therefore shall be perfect, '¦¦ as your heavenly Father is perfect. 6 Take heed that ye do not your righteousness before men, to be seen of them : else ye have no reward with youi Father which is in heaven. 2] When therefore thou doest* alms, sound not a trumpet before thee, as the hypocrites do in the synagogues and in the streets, that they may have glory of men. Verily I say unto you, They hare 3] received theirreward. Butwhenthou doest alms, let not thy left hand knof 4] what thy right hand doeth : that thiij alms may be in secret : and thy Fathi which seeth in secret * shall recompeni thee *. 10r, toward. 2Some ancientauthoritiesread But your speech shall be. aOr, evil : as in vet. 30; vi. 13. 40r, evil. 6Gr. impress. What ll, collectors or renters of Roman taxes: and so elsewhere. S. MATTHEW. 9 5 IT And when thou prayest, thou shalt not be as the hypocrites are: for they love to pray standing in the synagogues and in the corners of the streets, that they may be seen of men. Verily I say unto you, They have their reward. 6 But thou, when thou prayest, enter into thy closet, and when thou hast shut thy door, pray to thy Father which is in secret; and thy Father which seeth in secret shall reward thee openly. 7 But when ye pray, use not vain repe titions, as the heathen do: for they think that they shall be heard for their much speaking. 8 Be not ye therefore like unto them : for your Father knoweth. what things yc have need of, before ye ask him. 9 After this manner therefore pray ye : Our Father which art in heaven, Hal lowed be thy name. 10 Thy kingdom come. Thy will be done in earth, as it is in heaven. 11 Give us this day our daily bread. 12 And forgive us our debts, as we for give our debtors. 13 And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil: For thine is the kingdom, and the power, and the glory, for ever. Amen. • 14 For if ye forgive men their trespasses, your heavenly Father will also forgive you: 15 But if ye forgive not men their tres passes, neither will your Father forgive your trespasses. 16 1 Moreover when ye fast, be not, as the hypocrites, of a sad countenance: for they disfigure their faces, that they may appear unto men to fast. Verily I say unto you, They have their reward. 17 But thou, when thou fastest, anoint thine head, and wash thy face ; 18 That thou appear not unto men to fast, but unto thy Father which is in se cret : and thy Father which seeth in se cret shall reward thee openly. 19 fl Lay not up for yourselves treas ures upon earth, where moth and rust doth corrupt, and where thieves break through and steal : 20 But lay up for yourselves treasures in' heaven, where neither moth nor rust doth corrupt, and where thieves do not break through nor steal. 21 For where your treasure is.there will your heart be also. 22 The light of the body is the eye: If therefore thine eye be single, thy whole bodv shall be full of light. , 23 But if thine eye be evil, thy whole body shall be full of darkness. If there fore the light that is in thee be darkness, how great is that darkness ! 24 U No man can serve two masters: for either he will hate the one, and love the other : or else he will hold to the one, and despise the other. Ye cannot serve God and mammon. 5] And when ye pray, ye shall not he as the hypocrites *: lor they love to stand arid pray in the synagogues and in the corners of the streets, that they may be seen of men. Verily I say unto you, 61 They have received their reward. But thou, when thou prayest. enter into thine inner chamber, and having shut thy door, pray to thy Father which is in secret, and thy Father which seeth in 7] secret shall recompense thee * . And in praying use not vain repetitions, as the Gentiles do: for they think that they shall be heard for their much speak- 81 ing. Be not * therefore like unto them: for 'your Father knoweth what things ye have need of before ye ask him. 9] After this manner therefore pray ye: Our Father which art in heaven. Flal- 10] lowed be thy name. Thy kingdom come. Thy will be done, as in heaven, 11] so on earth. Give us this day 2our 12] daily bread. And forgive us our debts, as we also have forgiven our debt- 13] ors. And bring us not into tempta tion, but deliver us from H he evil one. 14] For if ye forgive men their trespasses, your heavenly Father will also for- 15] give you. But if ye forgive not men their trespasses, neither will your Father forgive your trespasses. 16] Moreover when ye fast, be not, as the hypocrites, of a sad countenance: for they disfigure their faces, that they may be seen of men to fast. Verily I say unto you, They have received their 17] reward. But thou, when thou fast est, annoint thy head, and wash thy 18] face ; that thou be not seen of men to fast, but of thy Father which Is in secret: and thy Father, which seeth in secret, shall recompense thee * . 19] Lay not up for yourselves treasures upon the earth, w here moth and rust doth consume, and where thieves "break 20] through and steal: but lay up for yourselves treasures in heaven, where neither moth nor rust doth consume, and where thieves do not&break through 21] nor steal : for where thy treasure is, 221 there will thy heart be also. The lamp of the body is the eye: if therefore thine eve be single, thy whole body 23] shall be full of light. But if thine eye be evil, thy whole body shall be full of darkness. If therefore the light that is in thee be darkness, how great is the 24] darkness ! No man can serve two mas ters: for either he will hate the one, and love the other : or else he will hold to * one, and despise the other. Ye can 25] not serve God and mammon. There- lSomo ancient authorities read God youi Father. 2Gr. our bread for the coming day. 3Or, evil. 4Many authorities, some ancient, hut with variations, add For thine i-s the king. dom, and the pouter, and the glory, for ever, ^inen. 5Gr. dig through, 10 S. MATTHEW. 25 Therefore I say unto you, Take no thought, for your life, what ye shall eat, or what ye shall drink; nor yet for your body, what ye shall put on. Is not the life more than meat, and the body than raiment? 20 Behold the fowls of the air: for they sow not, neither do they reap, nor gather into barns; yet your heavenly Father feedeth them. Are ye not much better than they? 27 Which of you by taking thought can add one cubit unto his stature ? 28 And why take ye thought for rai ment? Consider the lilies of the field, how they grow ; they toil not, neither do they spin : 29 And yet I say unto you, That even Solomon in all his glory was not arrayed like one of these. 30 Wherefore, if God so clothe the grass of the field, which to day is, and to mor row is cast into the oven, shall he not much more clothe you, 0 ye of little faith ? 31 Therefore take no thought, saying, What shall we eat ? or. What shall we drink? or, Wherewithal shall we be clothed ? 32 (For after all these things do the Gen tiles seek:) for your heavenly Father knoweth that ye have need of all these things. ' 33 But seek ye first the kingdom of God, and his righteousness; and all these things shall be added unto you. 34 Take therefore no thought for the morrow: for the morrow shall take tnought for the things of itself. Suf ficient unto the day is the evil thereof. CHAPTER VII. The sermon on the mount concluded. TUDGE not, that ye be not judged. J 2 For with what judgment ye judge, ye shall be judged: and with what meas ure ye mete, it shall be measured to you again. 3 And why beholdest thou the mote that is in thy brother's eye, but consid- erest not the beam that is in thine own eye? 4 Or how wilt thou say to thy brother, Let me pull out the mote out of thine eye ; and, behold, a beam is in thine own eye? 5 Thou hypocrite, first cast out the beam out of thine own eye ; and then shalt thou see clearly to cast out the mote out of thy brother's eye. 6 1f Give not that which is holy unto the dogs, neither cast ye your pearls before swine, lest they trample them under their feet, and turn again and rend you. 7 If Ask, and it shall be given you ; seek, and ye shall find ; knock, and it shall be opened unto you : 8 For every one that asketh receiveth ; fore I say unto you. Be not anxious fo your life, what ye shall eat or what yi shall drink; nor yet for your body what ye shall put on. Is not the lif more than the food, and the body thai 201 the raiment? Behold the birds o the heaven, that they sow not, neithe do they reap, nor gather into barns and your heavenly Father feedeth them Are not ye of much more value thai 27] they? And which of you by beiiij anxious can add one cubit unto his 'stat 28] ure? And why are ye anxious con cerning raiment ? Consider the lilies o the field, how they grow ; they toil not 29] neither do they spin : * yet I sap unto you, that even Solomon in all hi glory was not arrayed like one of these 30] But if God doth so clothe the grass o the field, which to day is, and to mor row is cast into the oven, shall Ik no much more clothe you, 0 ye of litth 31] faith? Be not therefore anxiouH saying, What shall we eat? or. Wha shall we drink ? or, Wherewithal shal 32] we be clothed ? For after all thesi things do the Gentiles seek ; for you heavenly Father knoweth that ye havi 33] need of all these things. But seel ye first his kingdom, and his righteous ness; and all these things shall be add 34] ed unto you. Be not therefore anx ious for the morrow : for the morrov will be anxious for itself. Sufficien unto the day is the evil thereof. 7 Judge not, that ye be not judged 2] For with what judgement ye judge ye shall be judged : and with whatmeas ure ye mete, it shall be measured unt< 3] you *. And why beholdest thou til, mote that is in thy brother's eye, bu considerest not the beam that is in thin 4] own eye ? Or how wilt thou say to th; brother, Let me cast outthe mote out o thine eye; and lo, the beam Is in thin 51 own eye? Thou hypocrite, cast out firs the beam out of thine own eye; am then shalt thou sec clearly to cast ou the mote out of thy brother's eye. 61 Give not that which is holy unto th dogs, neither cast * your pearls before th swine, lest haply they trample them un der their feet, and turn * and rend yon 7] Ask, and it shall be given you ; seek and ye shall find ; knock, and it shall b 8] opened unto you : for every one tha asketh receiveth ; and he that seeketl tor, age, S. MATTHEW. 11 and he that seeketh findeth ; and to him that knocketh it shall be opened, 9 Or what man is there of you, whom if his son ask bread, will he give him a stone ? 10 Or if he ask a fish, will he give him a serpent? 11 If ye then, being evil, know how to give good gifts unto your children, how much more shall your Father which is in heaven give good things to them that ask him ? 12 Therefore all things whatsoever ye would that men should do to you, do ye even so to them : for this is the law and the prophets. 13 ft Enter ye in at the strait gate : for wide is the gate, and broad is the way that leadeth to destruction, and many there be which go in thereat : 14 Because strait is the gate, and nar row is the way, which leadeth unto life, and few there be that find it. 15 K Beware of false prophets, which come to you in sheep's clothing, but inwardlv they are ravening wolves. 16 Ye shall know them by their fruits. Do men gather grapes of thorns, or figs of thistles ? 17 Even so every good tree bringeth forth good fruit; but a corrupt tree bringeth forth evil fruit. 18 A good tree cannot bring forth evil fruit, neither can a corrupt tree bring forth good fruit. 19 Every tree that bringeth not forth igood fruit is hewn down and cast into the fire. 20 Wherefore by their fruits ye shall know them. 21 J Not every one that saith unto me, Lord, Lord, shall enter into the king dom of heaven ; but he that doeth the will of my Father which is in heaven. 22 Many" will say to me in that day, Lord, Lord, have we not prophesied in thy name? and in thy name have cast out devils? and in thy name done many wonderful works ? 23 And then will I profess unto them, I never knew you : depart from me, ye that work iniquity. 24 1f Therefore whosoever heareth these sayings of mine, and doeth them, I will liken him unto a wise man which built his house upon a rock : 25 And the rain descended, and the floods came, and the winds blew, and beat upon that house ; and it fell not : for it was founded upon a rock. 26 And every one that heareth these sayings of mine, and doeth them not, shall be likened unto a foolish man, which built his house upon the sand : 27 And the rain descended, and the floods came, and the winds blew, and beat upon that house ; and it fell : and great was the fall of it. findeth; and to him that knocketh it 9] shall be opened. Or what man is there of you who, if his son shall ask him for 10] a loaf, will * give him a stone ; or if he shall ask for a fish, will * give him a 11] serpent? If ye then, being evil, know how to give good gifts unto your child ren, how much more shall your Father which is in heaven give good things to 12] them that ask him ? All things there- fore whatsoever ye would that men should do unto you, even so do ye also unto them: for this is the law and the prophets.13] Enter ye in by the narrow gate : for wide 'is the gate, and broad is the way, that leadeth to destruction, and many ::- 14] be they that enter in thereby. 2For narrow is the gate, and straitened the way, that leadeth unto life, and few be they that find it. 15] Beware of false prophets, which come to you in sheep's clothing, but in- 10] wardly * are ravening wolves. By their frnits ye shall know ihem. Do men gather grapes of thorns, or tigs of thistles ? 17] Even so every good tree bringeth forth good fruit : but the corrupt tree 18] bringeth forth evil fruit. A good tree cannot bring forth evil fruit, neither can a corrupt tree bring forth good fruit. 19] Every tree that bringeth not forth good fruit is hewn down, and cast into 201 the fire Therefore by their fruits 21] ye shall know them. Not every one that saith unto me, Lord, Lord," shall enter into the kingdom of heaven ; but he that doeth the will of my Father 22] which is in heaven. Many will say to me in that day, Lord, Lord, did \w no't prophesy by thy name, and by thy name cast out 3devils, and by thy name do 23] many 4migbty works ? And then will I profess unto them, I never knew you : depart from me ye that work in- 24] iquity. Every one therefore which heareth these words of mine, and doeth them, shall be likened unto a wise man, which built his house upon the rock. 25] and the rain descended, and the floods came, and the winds blew, and beat upon that house; and it fell not : for 26] it was founded on the rock. And every one that heareth these words of mine, and doeth them not, shall be liken ed unto a foolish man, which built his 27] house upon the sand : and the rain descended, and the floods came, and the winds blew, and smote upon that house ; and it fell: and great was the fall thereof. ISnme ancient authorities omit is the gate. SMnny ancient authorities read Hmonarraw is the gate, i{c. 3Gr. demons. iGr. powers. 12 S. MATTHEW. 28 And it came to pass, when Jesus had ended these sayings, the people were astonished at his doctrine : 29 For he taught them as one having authority, and not as the scribes. CHAPTER VIII. Sundry miracles of Jesus. WHEN he was come down from the mountain, great multitudes fol lowed him. 2 And, behold, there came a leper and worshipped him, saying, Lord, if thou wilt, thou canst make me clean. 3 And Jesus put forth his hand, and touched him. saying, I will; be thou clean. And immediately his leprosy was cleansed. 4 And Jesus saith unto him, See thou tell no man ; but go thy way, shew thy self to the priest, and offer the gift that Moses commanded for a testimony unto them. 5 1f And when Jesus was entered into Capernaum, there came unto him a cen turion, beseeching him, 6 And saying, Lord, my seryant lieth at home sick of the palsy, grievously tormented. 7 And Jesus saith unto him, I will come and heal him. 8 The centurion answered and said, Lord, I am not worthy that thou shouldst come under my roof : but speak the word only, and my servant shall be healed. 9 For I am a man under authority. having soldiers under me : and I say to this man, Go, and he goeth , and to an other. Come, and he cometh ; and to my servant, Do this, and he doeth it. 10 When Jesus heard it, he marvelled and said to them that followed, Verily I say unto you, I have not found so great faith, no, not in Israel. 11 And I say unto you. That many shall come from the east and west, and shall sit down with Abraham, and Isaac and Jacob, in the kingdom of heaven: 12 But the children of the kingdom shall be cast out into outer darkness: there shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth. 13 And Jesus said unto the centurion, Go thy way ; and as thou hast believed, so be it done unto thee. And his servant was healed in the selfsame hour. 14 1f And when Jesus was come into Peter's house, he saw his wife's mother laid, and sick of a fever. 15 And he- touched her hand and the fever left her : and she arose and minis tered unto them. 16 If When the even was come, they brought unto him many that were pos sessed with devils: and he cast out the spirits with his word, and healed all that were sick. 281 And it came to pass, when Jesus ended these words, the multitudes were 29] astonished at his teaching : for he taught them as one having authority, and hot as their scribes. 8 And when he was come down from the mountain, great multitudes followed 2] him. And behold, there came to him a leper and worshipped him, saying, Lord, if thou wilt, thou canst make me 3] clean. And he stretched forth his hand, and touched him, saying, I will ; be thou made clean. And straightway 4] his leprosy was cleansed. And Jesus saith unto him, See thou tell no man ; but go thy way, shew thyself to the priest, and offer the gift that Moses com manded, for a testimony unto them. 51 And when he was entered into Capernaum, there came unto him a cen- 6] turion, beseeching him, and saying, Lord, my ^servant lieth in the house sick of the palsy, greviously tormented. 7] And he saith unto him, I will come 8] and heal him. And tbe centurion answered and said, Lord, lam not Wor thy that thou shouldest come under my roof: but only say 3the word, and my 'ser- 9] vant shall be healed. For I also am a man -hinder authority, having under myself soldiers: and I say to this one, Go, and he goeth ; and to another, Come, and he cometh: and to my 'servant, Do 10J this, and he doeth it. And when Jesus heard it, he marvelled, and said to them that followed, Verily I say unto you, 6I have not found so great faith, no, 11] not in Israel. And I say unto you, that many shall come from the east and the west, and shall 7sit down with Abra ham, and Isaac, and Jacob, in the king- 12] dom of heaven: but the sons of the kingdom shall be cast forth into the outer darkness : there shall be the weep- 13] ing and gnashing of teeth. And Jesus said unto the centurion, Go thy way ; * as thou hast believed, so be it done unto thee. And the iservant was healed in that hour. 14J And when Jesus was come into Peter's house, he saw his wife's mother 15] lying sick of afever. And he touched her hand, and the fever left her ; and she arose, and ministered unto him. 16| And when * even was come, they brought unto him many * 8possessed with devils : and he cast out the spirits with a word, and healed all that were 17] sick: that it might be fulfilled which was spoken 9by Isaiah the prophet, say- 10r, boy, 2Gr. sufficient. 3Gr. with a word. 4Some ancient authorities insert set: as in Luke vii. 8. GGr. bond-servant. SMany an cient authorities read With no man in Israel have 1 found so great faith. IGr. recline. 80r, / S. MATTHEW. 13 spoken by Isaias the prophet, saying, Himself took our infirmities, and bare our sicknesses. 18 If Now when Jesus saw great multi tudes about him, he gave commandment to depart unto the other side, 19 And a certain scribe came, and said unto him, Master, I will follow thee whithersoever thou goest. 20 And Jesus saith unto him, The foxes have holes, and the birds of the auhave nests; but the Son of man hath not where to lay /its head. 21 And another of his disciples said unto him, Lord, suffer me first to go and bury my father. 22 But Jesus said unto him, Follow me ; and let the dead bury their dead. 23 IT And when he was entered into a ship, his disciples followed him. 24 And, behold, there arose a great tem pest in the sea, insomuch that the ship was covered with the waves : but he was asleep. 25 And his disciples came to him, and awoke him, saying, Lord, save us: we perish. 26 And he saith unto them, Why are ye fearful, O ye of little faith? Then he arose, and rebuked the winds and the sea ; and there was a great calm. 27 But the men marvelled, saying, What manner of man is this, that even the winds and the sea obey him ! 28 t And when he was come to the other side into the country of the Ger- gesenes, there met him two possessed with devils, coming out of the tombs, exceeding fierce, so that no man might pass by that wav. 29 And, behold, they cried out, saying, What have we to do with thee, Jesus, thou Son of God ? art thou come hither to torment us before the time ? 30 And there was a good way off from them a herd of many swine feeding. 31 So the devils besought him, saying, If thou cast us out, suffer us to go away into the herd of swine. 32 And he said unto them, Go. And when they were come out, they went into the herd of swine: and, behold, the whole herd of swine ran violently down a steep place into the sea, and perished in the waters. 33 And they that kept them fled, and went their ways into the city, and told every thing, and what was befallen to the possessed of the devils. 34 And, behold, the whole city came out to meet Jesus : and when they saw him, they besought him that he would depart out of their coasts. CHAPTER IX. Sundry miracles of Jesus. AND he entered into a ship, and passed over, and came into his own city. ing, Himself took our infirmities, and bear our diseases. 18] Now when Jesus saw great multi tudes about him, he gave commandment 19] to depart unto the other side. And there came la scribe, and said unto him, 2Master, I will follow thee whitherso- 20] ever thou goest. And Jesus saith unto him, The foxes have holes, and the birds of the heaven have 3nests; but the Son of man hath not where to lay his head. 21] And another of the disciples said unto him, Lord, suffer me firstto go and 22] bury my father. But Jesus saith unto him, (Follow me; and leave the dead to bury their own dead. 23] And when he was entered into a 24] boat, his disciples followed him. And behold, there arose a great tempest in the sea, insomuch that the boat was cov ered with the waves : but he was asleep. 25] And they came to him, and awoke him, saying, Save, Lord ; we perish. 26] And he saith unto thcin, Why are ye fearful, O ye of little faith? Then he arose, and rebuked the winds and the 27] sea; and there was a great calm. And the men marvelled, saying. What man ner of man is this, that even the winds and the sea obey him 1 28] And when he was come to the oth er side into the country of the Gnda- rcnes, there met him two 4possessed with divils, coming forth out of the tombs, exceeding fierce, so that no man could 291 pass by that way. And behold they cried out, saying, What have we to do with thee, * thou Son of God? art thou come hither to torment us before the 30] time? Now there was afar off from them a herd of many swine feeding. 31] And the 6devils besought him, say ing, if thou cast us out, send us away 32] into the herd of swine. And he said unto them, Go. And * they came out, and went into the * * swine : and behold the whole herd * * rushed down the steep into the sea, and perished in the 33] waters. And they that fed them fled, and went away into the city, and told every thing, and what was befallen to them that were ^possessed with devils. 34] And behold, all the city came out to meet Jesus : and when they saw him, they besought him that he would depart from their borders. 9 And he entered into a boat, and crossed over, and came into his own city. lGr. one scribe. 2Or, Teacher 3Gr. lodging. places. 40r, demoniacs. &Gr. demons. 14 S. MATTHEW. 2 And, behold, they brought to him a man sick of the palsy, lying on a bed : and Jesus seeing their faith said unto the sick of the palsy ; Son, be of good cheer ; thy sins be forgiven thee. 3 And, behold, certain of the scribes said within themselves, This man blas- phemeth. 4 And Jesus knowing their thoughts, said, Wherefore think ye evil in your hearts? 5 For whether is easier, to say, Thy sins be forgiven thee ; or to say, Arise, and walk ? 6 But that ye may know that the Son of man hath power on earth to forgive sins, (then saith he to the sick of the palsy,) Arise, take up thy bed, and go unto thine house. 7 And he arose and departed to his house. 8 But when the multitudes saw it, they marvelled, and glorified God, which had given such power unto men. 9 f And as Jesus passed forth from thence, he saw a man, named Matthew, sitting at the receipt of custom : and he saith unto him, Follow me. And he arose, and followed him. 10 1] And it came to pass, as Jesus sat at meat in the house, behold, many pub licans and sinners came and sat down with him and his disciples. 11 And when the Pharisees saw it, they said unto his disciples, Why eateth your master with publicans and sinners ? 12 But when Jesus heard that, he said unto them, They that be whole need not a physician, but they that are sick. 13 But go ye and learn what that mean- eth, I will have mercy, and not sacrifice : for I am not come to call the righteous, but sinners to repentance. 14 H Then came to him the disciples of John, saying, Why do we and the Phari sees fast oft, but thy disciples fast not? 15 And Jesus said unto them, Can the children of the bride-chamber mourn, as long as the bridegroom is with them? but the days will come, when the bride groom shall be taken from them, and then shall they fast. 16 No man putteth a piece of new cloth unto an old garment ; for that which is put in to fill it up taketh from the gar ment, and the rent is made worse. 17 Neither do men put new wine into old bottles : else the bottles break, and the wine runneth out, and the bottles perish : but they put new wine into new bottles, and both are preserved. 18 IT While he spake these things unto them, behold, there came a certain ruler, and worshipped him, saying, My daughter is even now dead : but come and lay thy hand upon her, and she shall live. 19 And Jesus arose, and followed him, and so did his disciples. 2] And behold, they brought to him ft man sick of the palsy, lying on a bed: and Jesus seeing their faith said unto the sick of the palsy, 'Son, be of good 3] cheer ; thy sins are forgiven *. And behold, certain of the scribes said with in themselves, This man blasphemeth. 4] And Jesus 2knowing their thoughts said, Wherefore think ye evil in your 5] hearts? For whether is easier, to say, Thy sins are forgiven * : or to say, Arise, 6] and walk? But that ye may know that the Son of man hath 3power on earth to forgive sins (then saith he to the sick of the palsy), Arise, and take up thy 71 bed, and go unto thy house. And he 8] arose, anbTdeparted to his house. But when the multitudes saw.it, they were afraid, and glorified God, which had given such 3power unto men. 9] And as Jesus passed by from thence, he saw a man, called Matthew, sitting at the place of toll : and he saith unto him. Follow me. And he arose, and followed him.10] And it came to pass, as he 4sat at meat in the house, benold, many publi cans and sinners came and sat down with 11 1 Jesus and his disciples. And when Pharisees saw it, they said unto his disci ples, Why eateth your "Master with the 12] publicans and sinners? But when he heard it, he said * , They that arc "whole have no need of a physician, but they that 13] are sick. But go ye and learn what this meaneth, I desire mercy, and not sacrifice: for I came not to call the righteous, but sinners * * . 14] Then come to him the disciples of John, saying, Why do we and the Phari sees fast 'oft, but thy disciples fast not? 15] And Jesus said unto them, can the sons of the bride-chamber mourn, as long as the bridegroom is with them ? but the days will come, when the bride groom shall be taken away from them, 16] and then will they fast. And no man putteth a piece of undressed cloth upon an old garment ; for that which should fill it up taketh from the garment, and 17] a worse rent is made. Neither do men put new wine into old 8wine-skins : else the skins burst, and the wine is spilled, and the skins perish: but they put new wine into fresh wine-skins, and both are preserved. 18] While he spake these things unto them, behold there came °a * ruler, and worshipped him, saying, My daugh ter is even now dead : but come and lay thy hand upon her, and she shall live. 19] And Jesus arose, and followed 20] him, and so did his disciples. And lGr. child. SMany ancient authorities read seeing. 3Or , authority . *Gr . reclined : and so always. GOr, Teaclier. 6Gr, strong. TBome aucient authorities omit oft. SThat is, skim UKfd ax Itattlpn. 9Gr. one ruler. S. MATTHEW. 15 20 1f And, behold, a woman, which was diseased with an issue of blood twelve years, came behind him, and touched the hem of his garment : 21 For she said within herself, If I may but touch his garment, I shall be whole. 22 But Jesus turned him about, and when he saw her, he said, Daughter, be of good comfort; thy faith hath made thee whole. And the woman was made whole from that hour. 23 And when Jesus came into the ru ler's house, and saw the minstrels and the people making a noise, 24 He said unto them, Give place : for the maid is not dead, but sleepeth. And they laughed him to scorn. 25 But when the people were put forth, he went in, and took her by the hand,' and the maid arose. 26 And the fame hereof went abroad into all that land. 27 1f And when Jesus departed thence, two blind men followed him, crying, and saying, Thou Son of David, have mercy on us. 28 And when he was come into the house, the blind men came to him : and Jesus saith unto them, Believe ye that I am able to do this? They said unto him, Yea, Lord. 29 Then touched he their eyes, saying, According to your faith be it unto you. 30 And their eyes were opened ; and Jesus straitly charged them, saying, See that no man know it. 31 But they, when they were departed, spread abroad his fame in all that coun try. 32 f As they went out, behold, they brought to him a dumb man possessed with a devil. 33 And when the devil was cast out, the dumb spake: and the multitudes marvelled, saying, It was never so seen in Israel. 34 But the Pharisees said, He casteth out devils through the prince of the devils. 35 And Jesus went about all the cities and villages, teaching in their syna- fogues, and preaching the gospel of the ingdom, and healing every sickness and every disease among the people. 36 1f But when he saw the multitudes, he was moved with compassion on them, because they fainted, and were scattered abroad, as sheep having no shepherd. 37 Then saith he unto his disciples, The harvest truly is plenteous, but the labourers, are few ; ,38 Pray ye therefore the Lord of the harvest, that he will send forth labour ers into his harvest. CHAPTER X. The question about divorce. AND when he had called unto him his twelve djsciples, he gave them power behold, a woman, who had an issue of blood twelve years, came behind him, and touched the border of his garment : 21] for she said within herself , If 1 do but touch his garment, I shall be 'made 22] whole. But Jesus turning and seeing her said, Daughter, be of good cheer-, thy faith hath 2made thee whole. And the woman was 'made whole from that 23] hour. And when Jesus came into the ruler's house, and saw the flute- players, and the crowd making a tu- 24] mult, he said*, Give place: for the damsel is not dead, but sleepeth. And 25] they laughed him to scorn. But when the crowd was put forth, he en tered in and took her by the hand ; and 26] the damsel arose. And 3the fame hereof went forth into all that land. 27] And as Jesus passed by from thence, two blind men followed him, crying out, and saying, Have mercy on us, thou son 28] of l)avid. And when he was come into the house, the blind men came to him: and Jesus saith unto them, Be lieve ye that I am able to do this ? They 29] say unto him, Yea, Lord. Then touched he their eyes, saying, According to your faith be it done unto you. 30] And their eyes were opened. And Jesus 4strictly charged them, saying, 31] See that no man know It. But they went forth, and spread abroad his fame in all that land. 32J And as they went forth, behold, there was brought to him a dumb man 33] possessed with a "devil. And when the "devil was cast out, the dumb man spake: and the multitudes marvelled, saying, it was never so seen in Israel. 34] But the Pharisees said, "By the prince of the 'devils casteth he out 'devils. 35] And Jesus went about all the cities and the villages, teaching in their syna- fogues, and preaching the gospel of the ingdom, and healing all manner of dis ease and all manner of sickness. * * 36] But when he saw the multitudes, he was moved with compassion for them, because they were distressed and scat tered, as sheep not having a shepherd. 37] Then saith he unto his disciples, The harvest truly is plenteous, but the la- 38] bourers are few. Pray ye therefore the Lord of the harvest, that he send forth labourers into his harvest. 1 0 And * he called unto him his twelve disciples, and gave them authority over 10r, saved. 2Or saved thee. 3Gr. this fame. 40r, sternly. "Gr. demon. "Or, In. 'Gr. de. 16 S. MATTHEW. against unclean spirits, to cast them out, and to heal all manner of sickness and all manner of disease. 2 Now the names of the twelve apostles are these ; The first, Simon, who is called Peter, and Andrew his brother; James the son of Zebedee, and John his brother ; 3 Philip, and Bartholomew; Thomas, and Matthew the publican ; James tlie son of Alpheus, and Lebbeus, whose sur name was Thaddcus; 4 Simon the Canaanite, and Judas Is- cariot, who also betrayed him. 5 These twelve Jesus sent forth, and commanded them, saying, Go not into the way of the Gentiles, and into any citv of the Samaritans enter ye not: 6 But go rather to the lost sheep of the house of Israel. 7 And as ye go, preach, saying, The kingdom of heaven is at hand. 8 Heal the sick, cleanse the lepers, raise the dead, cast out devils: freely ye have received, freely give. 9 Provide neither gold, nor silver, nor brass in yourpurscs; 10 Nor scrip for your journey, neither two coats, neither shoes, nor yet staves : for the workman is worthy of his meat. 11 And into whatsoever city or town ye shall enter, inquire who in it is worthy ; and there abide till ye go thence. 12 And when ye come into a house, sa lute it. 13 And if the house be worthy, let your peace come upon it: but if it be not worthy, let your peace return to you. 14 And whosoever shall not receive you, nor hear your words, when ye depart out of that house or city, shake off the dust of your feet. 15 Verily I say unto you, It shall be more tolerable for the land of Sodom and Gomorrah in the day of judgment, than for that city. 16 f Behold, I send you forth as sheep in the midst of wolves, be ye therefore wise as serpents, and harmless as doves. 17 But beware of men : for they will deliver you up to the councils, and they will scourge you in their synagogues ; 18 And ye shall be brought before gov ernors and kings for my sake, for a tes timony against them and the Gentiles. 19 But when they deliver you up, take no thought how or what ye shall speak : for it shall bo given you in that same hour what ye shall speak. 20 For it is not ye that speak, but the Spirit of your Father which speaketh, in you. 21 And the brother shall deliver up the brother to death, and the father the child: and the children shall rise up against their parents, and cause them to be put to death. 22 And ye shall be hated of all men for my name's sake: but he that endureth fo the end shall be saved. unclean spirits, to cast them out, and to heal all manner of disease and all man ner of sickness. 2] Now the names of the twelve apos tles are these : The first, Simon, who is called Peter, and Andrew his brother ; James the son of Zebedee. and John his S] brother ; Philip, and Bartholomew ; Thomas, and Matthew the publican; James the son of Alphams, and * Thad- 4] dieus; Simon the 'Cananiean, and Ju das Iscariot, who also 2betrayed him. 5] These twelve Jesus sent forth, and charged them, saying, Go not into tiny way of the Gentiles, ¦ and enter not into any city of the Sa- 6] maritans: but go rather to the lost 7] sheep of the house of Israel. And as ye go, preach, saying, The kingdom 8] of heaven is at hand. Heal the sick, raise the dead, cleanse the lepers, cast out 3devils: freely ye received, freely 9] give. Get you no gold, nor silver, 10] nor brass in your 4purses ; no wallet for your journey, neither two coats, nor shoes, nor * staff: for the labourer is 11] worthy of his food. And into what soever city or village ye shall enter, search out who in it is worthy ; and 12] there abide till ye go forth. And as ye enter into the house, salute it. 13] And if the house be worthy, let your peace come upon it : but if it be not worthy, let your peace return to you. 14] And whosoever shall not receive you, nor hear your words, as ye go forth out of that house or that city, shako off the 15] dust of your feet. Verily I say unto you, It shall be more tolerable for the land of Sodom and Gomorrah in the day of judgement, than for that city. 16] Behold, I send you forth as sheep in the midst of wolves: be ye therefore wise as serpents, and "harmless as doves. 17] But beware of men : for they will deliver you up to * councils, and in their synagogues they will scourge you ; 18] yea and before governors and kings shall ye be brought for my sake, for a testimony to them and to the Gentiles. 19] But when they deliver you up, be not anxious how or what ye shall speak : for it shall be given you in that * hour 201 what ye shall speak. For it is not ye that speak, but the Spirit of your 21] Father that speaketh in you. And * brother shall deliver up * brother to death, and the father his child: and * children shall rise up against * parents, and "cause them to be put to death. 22] And ye shall be hated of all men for my name's sake : but he that endureth to the end, 'the same shall be saved. Mr, Zealot. See Luke vi. 15; Acts i. 13. 2Or, delivered him up: and so always. 3Gr. de- mans. 4Gr. girdles. 50r. simple. "Or, put them to deathf. S. MATTHEW. 17 23 But when they persecute you in this city, flee ye into another : for verily I say unto you, Ye shall not have gone over the cities of Israel, till the son of man be come. 24 The disciple is not above his master, nor the servant above his lord. 25 It is enough for the disciple that he be as his master, and the servant as his lord. If they have called the master of the house Beelzebub, how much more sliall they call them of his household? 26 Fear them not therefore : for there is nothing covered, that shall not be re vealed; and hid, that shall not be known. 27 What I tell you in darkness, that speak ye in light: and what ye hear in the ear, that preach ye upon the house tops. 28 And fear not them which kill the body, but are not able to kill the soul : but rather fear him which is able to des troy both soul and body in hell. 29 Are not two sparrows sold for a far thing ? and one of them shall not fall on the ground without your Father. 30 But the very hairs of your head are all numbered. 31 Fear ye not therefore, ye are of more value than many sparrows. 32 Whosoever therefore shall confess me before men, him will I confess also before my Father which is in heaven. 33 But whosoever shall deny me before men, him will I also deny before my Father which is in heaven. 34 Think not that I am come to send peace on earth : I came not to send peace, but a sword. 35 For I am come to set a man at va riance againsthis father, and the daugh ter against her mother, and the daugh ter inlaw against her mother in law. 36 And a man's foes shall be they of his own household. 37 He that loveth father or mother more than me is not worthy of me : and he that loveth son or daughter more than me is not worthy of me. 38 And he that taketh not his cross, and followeth after me, is not worthy of me. 39 He that findeth his life shall lose it: and he that loseth his life for my sake shall find it. 40 If He that receiveth you receiveth me ; and he that receiveth me receiveth him that sent me. 11 He that receiveth a prophet in the name of a prophet shall receive a proph et's reward ; and he that receiveth a righteous man in the name of a right eous man shall receive a righteous man s reward. 42 And whosoever shall give to drink unto one of these little ones a cup of cold wateronlv in the name of a disciple, verily I say unto you, he shall in. no wise lose )iis reward!, 23] But when they persecute you in this city, flee * into the next: for verily I say unto you, Ye shall not have gone through the cities of Israel, till the Son of man be come. 24] A disciple is not above his 'master, 25] nor a ^servant above his lord. It is enough for the disciple that he be as his 'master, and the 2servant as his lord. If they have called the master of the house 3Beelzebub, how much more shall they 26] call them of his household ! Fear them not therefore : for there is nothing covered, that shall not be revealed : and 27J hid, that shall not' be known. What I tell you in, the darkness, ¦¦'¦ speak ye in the light: and what ye hear in the ear, * proclaim * upon the housetops. 281 And be not afraid of them which kill the body, but are not able to kill the soul : but rather fear him which is able to destroy both soul and body in 291 4hell. Are not two sparrows sold for a farthing? and not one of them shall fall on the ground without your 30] Father: but the very hairs of your 31] head are all numbered. Fear ¦¦¦ not therefore ; ye are of more value than 32] many sparrows. Every one there fore who shall confess "me before men, "him will I also confess before my Father 3:1] which is in heaven. But whosoever shall deny me before men, him will I also deny before my Father which is in heaven.34] Think not that I came to 'send peace on the earth : I came not to 'send peace, 35] but a sword. For I came to set a man at variance against his father, and the daughter against her mother, and the daughter in law against her mother in 36] law : and a man's foes shall be they of 37] his own household. He that loveth father or mother more than me is not worthy of me : and he that loveth son or daughter more than me is not 38] worthy of me. And he that doth not take his cross and follow after mc, 39] is not worthy of me. He that 8find- eth his "life shall lose it; and he that '"loseth bis "life formy sake shall find it. 40] He that receiveth you receiveth me, and he that receiveth me receiveth him 41] that sent me. He that receiveth a prophet in the name of a prophet, shall receive a prophet's reward ; and he that receiveth a righteous man in the name of a righteous man shall receive a right- 421 sous man's reward. And whosoever shall give to drink unto one of these little ones a cup of cold water only, in the name of a disciple, verily I say unto you, he shall in no wise lose his reward. lOr, teacher. 2Gr. bond-servant. 3Gr. Beelze- but: and so elsewhere.