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^U^UUUkUUU\

OdR • RAGE

Its Origin and Its Destiny.

% Stored §tbaieb to tht gtnbv ai ib* Sa*m 'gfo'bU.

Series I.. No. 3. March 30. 1891 .
Annual Subscription 02.OO.

THE ROMANCE
WITHIN THE E0MA1TCE ¦
OR THE
PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.

TEA TEPHI

DAVID'S DAUGHTER,
JEREMIAH'S WARD.

" Tlius soith the Lord God : I will also take of the high
est branch of the high cedar, and will Bet it; I wilt crop
off from the top of his young twigs a tender one, and will
plant it upon an high mountain and eminent :
In the mountain of the height of Israel will I plant it ;
In a land of Trafflck ; In a city of Merchants j In a fruitful
field • By Cli-eat waters."— Ezek. xvti. 22, 23. I, 5.

C A. L. T0TTEN, U. S. A.

' TRUTH AGAINST THE WORLD" (Motto of the ancient KUMREE).
•We can do nothing against the truth" (St. Paul); "Great is Truth,
-. ¦ . . — .  u^i^ngg .. (Esdras); " Buy the Truth and sell it not"
anger than fiction " (Byron); " What is Truth ?"
_M[ RUTH" (Assertion of THE CHRIST).

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YALE UNIVERSITY
LIBRARY Gift Of
Marvin H. Pope

HARVIN H. POPE
HALL OF GRADUATE STU.
YALE UMVERS1TY
HSW HAVSMi SOU*

jpp P?ILOSOP?Y OB HISTORY
OR
Site ^tattenne, of the gtolM people.

DAVID'S DAUGHTER, JEREMIAH'S WARD.
Ebe Romance Within the §t0wan;ce.

BY
CHARLES A. L. TOTTEN,
First Lieutenant Fourth Artillery, U. S. A.; Professor op Military
Science and Tactics, S. S. S. of Yale University:
Author of ,l Strategos; " *l An Important Question; " " Facts,
Fancies, Legends, and Lore of Nativity;" Etc.
Editor of " Our Race," Etc.

" Thus saith the Lord God, I will also take of the highest branch of the high
cedar, and will set it, I will crop off from the TOP of his YOUNG TWIGS a
TENDER one, and will plant it upon an high mountain and eminent. In the
mountain of the height of Israel will I plant it,"— Ezek. xvii. 22-23.

NEW HAVEN, CONK.:
THE OUR RACE PUBLISHING COMPANY.
1891.

Copyrighted,' 1887, 1891,
BY
CHARLES A. L. TOTTEN.
(AU rights reserved.)
British and Colonial Publishers
are requested to courteously honor the integrity
of this copyright; —
de causa Fraternitatis.

COMPOSITION AND ELECTROTYFING PUBM8HED BY
BY THE B. B. SHELDON CO., THE OUR RACE PUB. CO.,
NEW HAVEN, CONN. NEW HAVEN, CONN.

THIS
SIMPLE SKETCH
OF THE
HISTOKY OP THE HOLY PEOPLE,
Culminating in the stoey of
TEA TEPHI,
THE LOVELY PRINCESS FOR WHOM SHE WAS NAMED,
IS DEDICATED
TO THE MEMORY OF MY LITTLE DAUGHTER, —
SLEEPING IN VIRGINIA,
UPON THE BANKS OF THE RIVER DAN,
since New Tear's Sunday, Sept. 22d, 5888 a. m.,—
IN THE TRUST, THAT THE SAME SPIRIT,
WHICH LED ME TO PERPETUATE THE ENDEARMENT
IN THE NAME OF A BELOVED CHILD,
WILL LEAD OUR KACE, WHO HAVE INHERITED
BOTH HER SCEPTRE AND THE HISTORY OF ISRAEL,
TO APPRECIATE THEIR FAR-REACHING
PHILOSOPHY.

" Tlie Sluggard is wiser in his own conceit than seven
men that can render a reason." Prov. xxvi. 16.

Study No. 3

The Our Race series.

The Philosophy of history.

TOTTEN.

" Produce your cause, saith the Lord; bring forth your
strong reasons, saith the King of Jacob.
" Let them, bring them forth, and shew us what shall
happen; let them shmv the former things, what they be,
that we may consider them, and Icnow the latter end of
them : or declare us things to come." Isa. xli. 31-33.

Study Number Three.
THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
TEA TEPHI
David's Daughter, - Jeremiah's Ward.
The Romance within the Romance.

CONTENTS.

Preface, 0
Introduction,

PAGE xiii

PART I. — Historico-Introdttctory.

The Thread of the Romance, 3
The End of Days, 6
The Feast of Kings, . 8
The Battle of the Kings, 10
The Celts, . 11
The Eastern Question, 14
The New School of History, 15
Israel, .... IV
The Magnitude of the Topic, 21
An Age of Faltering Faith, 21
The Scripture Forecast, 23
The Times of the Gentiles, 25
The Cradle Land of many
Creeds, .... 26

The Rival Champions, . 28
Russia versus England, . 31
Is Britain "Israel," . 33
Modern Prophets, 85
The Days of Fulfilment, . 36
Additional Guarantees, . 38
Jacob's Zodiac, . . 40
The Cosmopolitan Land, . 43
The Heart of Empire, 44
The Call from Ur, . 45
The Sceptre and the Birth
right, . 47
Israel becomes a Nation, 49
Schooled in the Wilderness, 51

CONTENTS.

The Conquest op Palestine, . 53
The Nation's Development, 54
A Query  55
Sown in many Waters, . 55
Dan the Pioneer of Israel, . 56
Dan's Ubiquity, ... 58
The Summit Reached, . . 59
The Kingdom Severed, . 61
The Stone Cut Out, . . 62
Cast out but not Forgotten, 63
The Five Empires, . . . 67
Geographical Philology, . 70
Israel Redtvtvus, . . .71
Assyrian Testimony, . . 73
Forging the Chain, . . 74
The Overland Route, . 75
A Wandering Race, . .87
Dan and His Ships, . 89
Meath,  90
The Lost Tribes, . . 91
Gaels from Galilee, . . 94

PAGE
A Resume, .... 99
Aryan versus Shemitic, . . 102
The Jews Never Lost, . 104
David's Sceptre Lost, . . 107
The Saviour's Testimony, . 109
The Tribe of Benjamin, . . Ill
The Scarlet Thread, . . 133
A Crucial Test, . , .134
A Double Dilemma, . . 136
Captors and Captives, . . 130
Contrasted Situations, 131
The Wolf and the Fold, . 13S
An Interim  136
The Shjps of Tarshish, 137
Delenda Est, . 138
The Islands of the Blessed, 143
No More a People, . 145
Unnumbered and Unsealed, . 147
The Rise of Babylon, 150
Picking up the Combination, 152

PART II.— Tea Tephi.

PAGE
Malus Ordo S^clorum, . 157
Jeremiah of Anathoth, . . 159
Jeremiah of Libnah, . . 161
Cemented Frienshd?s, . . 164
Genealogy of Tea Tephi, . 165
Jeremiah Commissioned, . . 167
A New Year's Gift, . 169
The Great Passover. . . 170
The Second Commandment, . 173

PAGE
Zerah versus Pharez, . . 174
Beginning of the End, . 175
Fall of Zebudah's Line, . 178
The Cedars of Lebanon, . 181
Contemporaries of Zedekiah, 187
Not Without Honor, . 190
David's Daughter, . 192
A Mirage en Route, . . 195
Jerusalem Destroyed, . . 202

The Last King of Judah.
The Kingdom,
A Prisoner of State, .
Out of the Pit,
The Sceptre Safe,
Jeremiah Favored,
At the Old Homestead,
Saxon Folk Lore,
Mother Goose for Grown Folk, 227
The Hill House Estate,

:ontents.

XI

PAGE

PAGE

306

Called Back to Ramah,

232

. 209

Flotsam and Jetsam,

. 234

211

Plans and Preparations,

237

. 215

Concealed Treasures,

. 238

218

The Thread Recovered,

241

. 223

Waiting at Mizpah, .

254

234

A Rival Claimant,

246

. 335

Ishmael Usurps the Sceptre

, 349

K, 237

The Daughters Rescued, .

353

. 230

Johanan Revolts, .

353

OUR RACE.

Editorials, .
Miscellaneous,

page . 257 270

©ur fIDotto.

Wt itmx no wan on ©attfc,
m& Irut ©ne Pan tn Wxmvm.

" The words of wise men are heard in quiet more than
the cry of him that ruleth among fools." Eccl. ix. 17.

PREFACE.

To the Agnostic the problem of existence must
remain inscrutable, for so long as he is true to his
own definitions he can no more contemplate himself
than the stream can rise above its fountain head.
Nevertheless his quandary is as repugnant to the
human mind as is the vacuum to Nature, the plain
est evidence of which lies in the fact that the greatest
self-styled Agnostics of the day rank highest among
those who have actually fought their own creed
most desperately in their vain efforts to arrive at
truth by human means alone.
Blind to the inconsistency of their own efforts,
and insistently declining the external assistance of
Revelation, which their own position necessarily
makes the sine qua non of any higher knowledge,
they have been self-doomed, in every age, to play
the roll of " Restless spirits, hedged in, dissatisfied."
We doubt if Dante dreamed of fate more des
perate than the " Shade " of a Philosopher who had
destroyed himself !
Remove, however, the narrow, and unwarranted
limitations of this suicidal school of thinkers, and

XIV . PREFACE.
we may soar at once in unfettered freedom far
above the earth-source of our being. There are
other laws than those of gravity. Water may be
lifted though it cannot lift itself, and in every rain
bow does the sunlight demonstrate how high above
its cradle upon earth the Spirit of the stream may
float. The chief fault of Agnosticism is its unwil
lingness to try this matter by its own inherent rules,
and its obstinate rejection, as unknowable, of all
that will not yield to rules originated by itself.
Upon the same principles the folly of the owl
would dispute the wonders of the spectroscope, and
reject the possibility of analysis conducted upon
methods that it could not understand except by
faith ; for the light of the body is the eye, without
it we were still in darkness though the world were
bathed in sunlight, nor could we have any concep
tion of its character, unless revealed to us by others.
This is the common sense basis of all practical life,
the sum of our experience ; and to resist its applica
tion to the final problem of problems is simply to take
a captious exception at the last moment and array
one's self against the teachings of the whole
sequence that leads up to — God.
Deny these premises and the most ambitious pen
may be defied to offer any logical and satisfactory
solution to the problem of existence ; admit them,
and the outline of its rational treatment is within
our reach.
Now from the modern point of view the outcome

PREFACE. XV
of Human Progress is centered in the Anglo-Saxon
Race, and we have already adduced sufficient alien
testimony (See Study No. i) as to the present fact,
and its future consequences, to admit it calmly as
a premise no longer to be fairly disputed.
But the Philosophy of Our History, its raison
d'etre, is beyond the compass of the broadest intel
lect unless the mind is aided by a true conception
of the Origin and Destiny of " Israel." For if
Agnosticism is logically brought face to face with
the reductio ad absurdum, then " Revelation " is, by
the converse, rendered metaphysically necessary, and
therefore proved. And finally, as upon this recti
fied foundation, two peoples — Israel of Old, and
the modern Sons of Isaac — cannot both occupy the
" Superlative," and remain distinct, it follows that
they must be One, and if so, we must bridge the
" time of punishment and schooling " which divides
their histories, and show that all the chapters of the
scroll are in reality consecutive I

" Then answered I and said, I beseech thee 0 Lord,
let me have understanding. For it was not in my mind
to be curious of the high things, but of such as pass by
us daily, namely, wherefore Israel is given up as a re
proach to the heathen, and for what cause the people
whom thou hast loved is given over unto ungodly nations,
and why the lawof our forefathers is brought to naught,
and the written covenants come to naught.
" And we pass away out of the world as grasshoppers,
and our life is astonishment and fear, and we are not
worthy to obtain mercy.
" What will he then do unto his name, whereby we
are called ? Of these things have I asked.
" Then answered he me, and said, The more thou
searchest, the more thou shalt MARVEL."
II. Esdras (IV. Apoch.) iv. 22-26.

INTRODUCTION.

The mystery of the " Lost Tribes of Israel " hds
for many years formed an enchanting subject of
Anglo-Saxon speculation. No other people have
sought for them so assiduously, nor have any others
had such excellent opportunities to prosecute the
search far and wide, as they have, in their endless
explorations. But all of the inhabitable sections of the Globe
have now been searched, and still the solution of
the mystery has not been reached. To true Bible
students, however, the subject has not yet lost any
of its interest and now that there remain no new
countries for examination, the investigation has
been suddenly forced to take a novel and mpst
startling line of operations.
As a literal fact the period of just 2520 solar
years intervened between the generation of
" Israel's " disappearance, and that which marks her
rediscovery. It was at this time (1837-68 A. p.),
that John Wilson advanced the surmise that per
haps the whole Teutonic race owed its origin to
this missing people, and initiated that subjective
review of the evidence which has narrowed down

xvin INTRODUCTION.
the modern field of search, and has brought to light
so many waymarks of decided weight.
But from the Bible standpoint (and to those most
interested in the study it is a deeply sacred subject
— or else it is of no special account !)«the Teutonic
theory falls short of satisfying the most pressing de
mands of a liberal exegesis. Hence little by little
its limits have been still further narrowed down
until at last it has been focused upon the Anglo-
Saxon race alone. John Wilson was the " forerun
ner" of Edward Hine, to whom forever belongs the
credit of this final circumscription, and whose pub
lic labors date from 1868-70.*
* The author of the present volume was well acquainted with Mr.
Edward Hine, the latter having been his guest for the first several
weeks following his arrival in this country (whither he came in No
vember, 1884, for a brief but unsuccessful lecture tour). Hine heard
Wilson lecture but once, at " Witness Hall," Alderstreet Gate, Lon
don, in 1842. The impression then made was deep and lasting. In
1868 he was induced to begin his own public career, and in 1870 pub
lished his first work, " Twenty-seven Identifications of the English
Nation with the Lost House of Israel."
Coincident with its appearance, the death of Wilson was an
nounced. As Mr. Hine remarks in a note to Vol. I, No. I, of his
" Life from the Dead," 1873 — Wilson " died in ignorance of the fact
that one was prepared to give a fresh start to the work he had com
menced in 1837, the work of his life. From the time I heard his
lecture to the time of my publishing, I had never either seen or
heard of Mr. Wilson (I) a circumstance I much regret, because truth
must give me boldness to declare that I possessed many corrections
to make and many improvements to offer upon his method of hand
ling the subject."
In all such matters dates are of far more importance than men
commonly believe, for they severally ring chimes upon the dial of

INTRODUCTION. XlX
Whatever is demanded and satisfied by the purely
Teutonic theory is equally shared by the Anglo-
Israelitish Identity, while the latter is .pointedly for
tified by facts and arguments which gain increased
force pari passu with the failure of the broader
hypothesis. Indeed in the light which reserves this
possible origin to the English Speaking Race alone,
the early chronicles and traditions of the Western
Isles acquire a new and deep significance.
In our present study we shall endeavor to search
out the Philosophy of Israel's History during the
whole Post-exilic period, and in the more sober col
ors of calm retrospect point out its bearings on her
modern descendants — upon Our Own Race — now
chief among the nations of the earth. In the prog
ress of our investigations we shall linger awhile at
the most enchanting chapter of the whole Romance
— the one which lies intermediate between Israel
Lost and Israel Found, and yet the one which binds
the whole together, and promises to future students
the most absorbing lines of supplementary corrobo
ration.the true chronology which lend them credence and authority with
those who look beneath the surface of History. But even were there
room enough upon the earth to contain the volumes which might be
written upon the infinite phases of truth and inspiration, it is no
place, here, to go further into the matter.

"Prove all things; hold fast that which is good.
" Faithful is He that calleth you, who will also do
it." II. Thess. v. 21, 24.

The Romance Within the Romance
OR
The Philosophy of History.

PART I.
HISTORICO-INTRODUCTORY The Scattering of the Holy People,

" The kingdom is already prepared for you: watch.
" Take heaven and earth to witness; for I have broken
the evil in pieces, and created the good; for I live, saith
the Lord.
"Mother, embrace thy children, and bring them up
with gladness, make them fast as a pillar; for I have
chosen thee, saith the Lord.
"And those that be dead will I raise up again from
their places, and bring them out of the graves; for I
have called my name upon them.
"Fear not, thou mother of children: for I have chosen
thee, saith the Lord.
" For thy help will I send my servants, Esay and
Jeremy, after whose counsel I have sanctified and pre
pared for thee twelve trees laden with divers fruits, and
as many fountains, flowing ivith milk and honey, and
seven mighty mountains, whereupon there grow roses
and lilies, whereby I will fill thy children ivith joy."
II. (IV.) Esdras ii. 16-19.

THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.

The Thread of the Romance.
In the complicated problem of the competition
of races, for whose final solution the Anglo-Saxon
peoples have not only been reared but have been
disciplined so long, and for which end they are with
almost providential partiality still maintained, still
being so severely schooled, the " Eastern Question "
is the dominant factor, — a constant which may not
be eliminated, and one whose weight has always
hitherto been strangely overlooked.
But it is not only the ruling factor in the current
equation of universal history, it has always been
the central topic around which the scheme of
human progress has arranged itself.
A claim so broad naturally sounds strange in
ears that rarely listen with responsive interest to
the details of a question which to Americans, par
ticularly, is foreign and remote ; yet this would not
have been the case had not a partial blindness cir
cumscribed our vision.
If, with the favored glance of inspiration — the
coup d'ail of prophetic foresight, — man could but

4 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
have looked out beyond the age in which he lived,
or with a broad.er statesmanlike induction have
drawn more just conclusions from the records of
the past, he would have understood the philosophy
of his earthly destiny far better, and have seen its
certain trend across the scroll of time.
But the age of darkness has of late been yielding
to a twilight which promises a broader outlook.
Light has infused itself into the mental atmosphere
and its mists are lifting. Already many have been
wise enough to distinguish the main current of
human affairs from its confusing eddies and its
numerous accidental undertows, and with a sharper
vision have been able to look away from where the
stream is influenced by shoals and banks, and by
the entanglements of fen and marsh, and thus to
grasp its surer flow from ages gone, through present
ones, towards the ocean of the future.
To such the story of man's progress now assumes
an altogether new and startling import, and its
whole plot is redeveloped upon novel lines. It is
true, indeed, that its incidents are all familiar ones,
but they seem to work themselves into the compre
hensive mosaic of existence without accident, and
upon the broader scheme of what the gods dispose,
rather than upon the narrow one of human propo
sitions. No nation fits by chance into the plan thus seen,;
each has a special and peculiar place, unique and
suited to itself alone. The crucible tries all alike

THE THREAD OF THE ROMANCE. 5
and whether it be by virtue of some special genius,
or by dint of sore experience, by race proclivity, or
through some neutral trait of sheer endurance, they
all pass through the fire, and each one flows into
the mould prepared for it, and so becomes a nat
ural, necessary element of one great living cyclo-
rama. But the role of " Israel " — -chief among these
nations, and chosen out of all to act as the promi
nent character in the human drama — deserves our
closest study if we wish to catch the ruling motif of
the mystery before us : and to understand this role
we needs must pass in brief review the main chap
ters of the " Controversy of Zion," or those which
deal most intimately with the so called " Eastern
Question." Whatever aspect it may have to others of the
human race, it is to Anglo-Saxons, by inheritance, a
subject of paramount importance, and this is capa
ble of significant demonstration to its halves in
either hemisphere — the Greater Essex arid Wessex
of these modern days.
The subdivisions of this question are, to each of
them, of chief concern among all the military, religr
ious, and social elements of race survival which are
now before mankind in general, and in their true
solution lurks the secret of man's universal future
upon earth.

6 the philosophy of history.
" The End of Days."
It is hardly possible that the nineteenth century
will close before this momentous subject shall have
had its final discussion upon the battle-field.
Yearly it becomes more and more apparent that
" the inevitable conflict " cannot be delayed much
longer, and no one can view the world's growing
unrest over Eastern affairs without feeling some
concern in issues that will surely prove themselves
to be indeed world-wide and everlasting in their
influence, be the ultimate solution either Anglican
or Russian.
It is therefore of vital importance that all who
speak the English language and now enjoy the laws
and liberties of English lands, should dispassion
ately study the bearings of this absorbing topic in
order to be individually convinced whether or not it
is a fact that in its solution hangs the destiny of
their posterity, and what the chances of the conflict
are. If it be indeed a subject of such general Anglo-
Saxon interest, then even we, of Greater Wessex,
who live upon this hither hemisphere, although we
are so far removed from European strife, may haply
find ourselves to be involved when the crisis of that
conflict comes which is to shape the empires that
survive it.
It is the purpose, therefore, of the present volume,
to take up the consideration of this absorbing

" THE END OF DAYS. J
topic, and to discuss it from the standpoint of the
literal identity of the Anglo-Saxon Race with the
descendants of the Lost Tribes of Israel.
From the wide interest already manifested in
"Jeshurun's Pilgrimage Towards Ammi, from Lo
Ammi," and with which we opened this series of
studies upon " Our Race, Its Origin and Destiny,"
and which was preliminary hereto, we do not doubt
that there are many readers who are willing to pro
ceed with us still further, and who will gladly lend
us their assistance to swell the constituency we
desire to reach.
This constituency is as wide as Anglo-Saxondom
itself, and to its members the theme cannot but
come with all the power of a gospel. It is founded
upon two Testaments, the Old and New, and draws
its vitality from their literal interpretation.
The identity thus advocated is by no means a
mere theory. It is rather a belief, firm and wide
sweeping, and one which has a growing school of
thoughtful men already working earnestly thereat,
and anxiously elaborating its messages of truth.
To others it is a subject so new and startling, and
one which accumulates around it so much that is
enticing to the interest, that in it one may almost
hope to find solution to the long vexed problem of
existence. But if " Faith is the substance of things hoped
for," here is certainly the continent whereon true
Faith may build.

8 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
At any rate our theme affords a thread upon
which the events of universal history may be so
consistently and so simply strung, that, to say the
least, it enables one to memorize their sequence,
and to keep them all in. mutual view far better
than upon any other scheme dependent on the
accidents of merely human diplomacy and state
craft. Be this solution then mere romancing or not, it
sheds a light upon the controversy for the " Gate of
Commerce," which bespeaks for it a candid hearing
in every Anglo-Saxon quarter, while for acknowl
edgment as truth it is content to wait.
Upon the other hand, however, if this grand iden
tity be a literal fact, and therefore shall at length
defeat all else which would gainsay it, it is momen
tous beyond all other human issues, and it fills the
Saxon story with a PHILOSOPHY almost too grand
to grasp.
The Feast of Kings. _
" Wheresoever the carcass is there will the
eagles be gathered together ; " and conversely we
may predicate, that wheresoever these hungry birds
of prey are noticed to be congregating, there we
may expect to find a feast prepared.
For years there has been unusual clamor among
the hungry heraldic birds, emblazoned on the stand
ards of European nations nor with uncertain flight
have they winged their way towards the east, and

THE FEAST OF KINGS. 9"
poised or circled round the central lands of all the
earth : —
It is in these regions that " the sick man of
Europe " now lies dying — with his heart on Palestine
and, it is towards these very same regions that the
eyes of " Judah " turn — in these days of the Restitu
tion — in the hope that when once more " the Land "
is repossessed by its rightful owners their wander
ings may end.
Even Science herself becomes an irredentist
when she contemplates this central land, and at
the date of this writing (Feb., 1891), is seriously
proposing to make the longitude of Jerusalem "the
universal zero," and its meridian the " Standard,"
one for time, chronology, and geographical pur
poses.* ["TV. Y. Tribune, February 1, 1891.]
* "RECKONING FROM JERUSALEM.
" The much-vexed question of a primary meridian and universal
standard of time has again been brought to the fore in an interesting
and rather promising form. Last June, it will be remembered, the
International Telegraphic Conference at Paris discussed the matter,
and indirectly intimated that the meridian of Greenwich would not
be acceptable to all nations as the standard. A vote was also passed
approving the efforts of the Academy of Sciences of Bologna, Italy,
to find a satisfactory solution. The Bologna Academy has now for
mulated the results of its studies and deliberations, and the Italian
Government has sent a summary thereof to all the countries inter
ested with a request for judgment on the scheme.
" The plan of the Bologna scientists is, briefly stated, to adopt the
meridian of Jerusalem as the primary, and to make the universal
day begin there at noon. Thus the universal day and the chronolog-

10 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
The fact is the land of Palestine is fatidical, and
it is idle for the world to shut out the recognition
of its growing prominence, or to close its memory
to the place this "land of origines" has always
occupied in human destiny, and to which -it is
assigned in prophecy yet unfulfilled.
Let us examine the matter more closely.
" The Battle of the Kings."
In its very opening chapter military history deals
with the Eastern Question and perhaps with the
Western one when we shall understand its origines
sufficiently! " The Battle of the Kings," five against four in
the vale of Siddim, involved the possession of Pal-

ical day would be made to coincide almost exactly; a result which
has for many years been earnestly desired. One of the strongest
arguments in favor of this scheme is that it would admit of the
establishment of an international observatory on the prime me
ridian." (One possessing a land amplitude of more than 900 run
ning through comparatively accessible regions, and Jerusalem itself
being practically neutral ground and likely to remain so.)
"Thus for practical scientific purposes this meridian is highlv
satisfactory, while from the point of view of international pride and
etiquette it is to be preferred before any other. It would seem odd
to begin saying so many degrees east or west from Jerusalem, and
we should have largely to remake our charts. But once universally
adopted, the system would prove of incalculable convenience. Some
standard of reckoning for all the world is coming to be a necessity,
and, for the reasons we have given, that proposed by the Bologna
Academy seems decidedly preferable to any other that has yet been
offered to the world."

THE CELTS. It
estine. At its outcome the great empire of the
Hittites was weakened and soon after swept away.
But neither the kings who conquered under
Chedorlaomer nor those who failed under Bera, the
King .of Sodom, nor Lot, who suffered in their fall,
considered that the die of war is always weighted
by the God of Battles. Hence Abraham as the
final factor in this opening chapter of terrestrial
conflict, pursued and smote the victors near Da
mascus, and rescued Lot, his persons and all of his
possessions. So decided was this victory that Melchizedec —
mysterious figure on the stage of history — appeared
with bread and wine, and, having blessed Abraham
in the name of the most high God, and ascribed all
victories to him, returned into its gloom forever.
From that day down to this, Palestine has been
concerned, at least remotely, in all the wars of his
tory — in its international conflicts. So, too, accord
ing to the prophets, there, within the limits of the
Holy Land, upon the broad plains of Samaria, is
ultimately to be fought man's greatest, final battle
— that of Armageddon, in whose closing scene
according to the prophets the God of War himself
is yet to take such crushing part.
The Celts.
In the mean time, and while momentarily refer
ring to the disappearance of the Hittites, it is inter
esting to suggest, as a possible solution of the

12 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
Aryan migration, into whose stream in later centu
ries " Israel " in particular was again engulfed and
temporarily " lost," that perhaps in them, the Chetd
or Hittites, already moving westward in these'
Abraham ic days, we shall find the key to the mys=
tery of the Celts themselves.
Their earliest appearance on the stage of history
is through the Caucasus region, but it is more than
probable that the stream which came dowh through
its gates was but a rill deflected from~the broader
one, which, moving up from India in still earlier
days, entirely circumvented Central Asia on its
eastern boundary and thence skirted westward into
Europe. If so it was into a branch of this Aryan current
that even Abraham himself became entangled while
sojourning in Palestine, and it is but a repetition of
history to find the major section of his descendants
passing out, a dozen centuries later, through the
Gate of Dariel, to be sifted on the surface of the
broader and more Lethean stream.
Nor will it necessarily militate against this
scholium to the Aryan hypothesis, to find that the
remnant of the lesser Palestinic rill was driven out
of Heshbon in the days of Joshua, and reappears in
Spain, with Cheto-Aryanic birthmarks 1
That there is some such logical and satisfactory
solution of the Philological difficulty surrounding
Israel's Celtic impress when she reappears with Aryan
vestments in the west, we are confident, and in the

THE CELTS. 1 3
mean time it is to be remembered that one of the
strongest arguments for the identity of OUR RACE
with the " lost one " is its very lapse in language !
It is a mistake to expect, if this identity be
founded upon facts, that a closer study of our
present language will ever reveal its Hebrew origin ;
we should expect the very reverse because, " with
stammering lip " and with " a tongue unknown" to
their ancestors must Israel be found if ever resur
rected in these latter days.
The Philological difficulty is not therefore to
show how closely the elements of early English are
allied to Hebrew and the Chaldee dialects, but
rather how and why they differ.
Some similarities we may expect to find, but to
magnify them is an error and is perhaps to' mis
understand their common use in primitive days.
In the mean time let it be clearly understood
that the vantage ground in this branch of the gen
eral argument is plainly on the side of patent facts
— dissimilarity of speech, and that the nearer we
shall find our An-gael-ish roots accordant with the
Celto Aryan the more literally will the actual predic
tion of the Hebrew prophets be fulfilled. (Isa.
xxviii. n.)
But the Seers of Israel also predict a later day in
which " the tongue of the stammerers shall be ready
to speak plainly " (Isa. xxxii. 4), and our principal
object in the present series of studies is to suggest
the nearness of this period,

14 the philosophy of history.
" The Eastern Question."
When Turkey, now in death throes, yields up
the ghost of national existence, his carcass will
attract as to a carrion feast the imperial and double-
headed eagles that from their lofty eyries have been
watching him so long. With beaks and talons
sharpened for this grim partition they have waited
many days, but " the end of days " draws on apace,
and perchance, at last, the times, themselves, are to
be shortened.
There is to be no casting of lots for whole gar
ments at this funereal feast, for even were impa
tience not to rule thereat, the lack of garments
"would. Long ago the Porte was reduced to sub
lime poverty and has for years but masqueraded in
national affairs. Turkey is to-day a pauper clothed
in borrowed rags, a nation merely suffered to exist,
and how long she will be thus suffered to eke out so
precarious an existence, is but another way of put
ting the many sided " Eastern Question."
In our day, therefore, when the whole world is so
intently waiting for the gauntlet of universal war
to be thrown into the international arena, this sub
ject of the Eastern Question cannot but be one of
general and vital interest, and as exciting news is
ever and anon arriving from the far-off lands
wherein its issues are to be decided, it is opportune
to review the past ere we are hurried into too
absorbing contemplation of its closing scenes. Let

the new school of history. 15
us therefore scan the programme ere the curtain
rises. As we shall treat our topic from a novel stand
point we merely ask the candid sufferance of a brief
and patient attention. For a general, or even a
tacit belief in our propositions we perhaps can
hardly dare to hope, but we may promise at the out
set to enlist the interest in a theme which involves
the whole Romance and Philosophy of History.
The New School of History.
But even more than this ; for as our studies will
culminate at the central era of man's "week of pro
bation," so too their interest concentrates thereat,
for it is at this period that we shall meet the
Romance within the Romance, the story of David's
Daughter and of Jeremiah's Ward.
This charming mysteiy forms the central chapter
of what indeed is all a mystery — man's Origin and
Destiny — nor, until thoroughly cleared up can we
even begin to realize the far reaching philosophy
of the plans of Providence.
Bridging as it does the eastern and western
phases of history, and forming the essential link in
its continuous evolution, assigning, too, unto our
own Race so prominent a part in what was foreor
dained, and what is literally fulfilled to date, it has
always formed the most attractive feature in the gen
eral drama, and ere we proceed further in our stud
ies of the Anglo-Saxon Riddle we must co-ordinate

16 the philosophy of history.
its incidents as fully as the data at present col
lected will allow.
It is our belief that history must be rewritten ab
initio, and upon lines that not only recognize
" Israel " as the chief of nations, but pick her out
among her modern neighbors ; and as we are writ
ing chiefly to, and our efforts are patronized almost
solely by those who are both earnest for the truth,
and are quite as anxious first to try it by the
ancient standards, it is hardly necessary to fortify
our proposition further than by an appeal to the
closing prophecy of Moses.
Standing before his people upon the one hundred
and twentieth anniversary of his birth, with eye
undimmed and unabated natural force, skilled in all
former knowledge, a prophet whom the Lord knew
face to face, and with his prophetic vision rendered
extra keen by the approach of death, he summed
up human history in a sentence which condemns
the entire modern library.
" When the Most High divided to the nations
their inheritance, when he separated the sons of
Adam, he set the bounds of the people according
to the number of the children of Israel.
" For the Lord's portion is his people; Jacob' is
the measure of his inheritance."
This sentence stands as the rock foundation of
the Temple of History — of true history ; if the
walls of the present edifice do not run down there

" ISRAEL." 17
to they are reared in mud with slime for mortar,
and their fate was predicted on the plains of Shinar.
If upon the other hand, the Spiritual Stature of
Moses did not warrant his authority in these prem
ises, if in fact he was not " a prophet " according to
the definitions of more faithful generations, but
merely the Lycurgus of his people, with no other
commission than Genius signed in due time for
a Solon or a Shakespear, if indeed any of the apolo
gies of modern criticism, from whatever school they
emanate, are to be accepted, then it matters little
whether there be a temple of history or not, for at
best it can but be a transient tabernacle of vanities
as ephemeral as the sparks that flash around its
many altars.
In this case one had best be bolder than his
generation and anticipate the philosophy of the
coming one, for if simple "knowing" is no longer
legitimate, why pause we in agnosticism, the logical
tendency of which is, sooner or later far more than
mere negation ?
This barren middle ground will not satisfy the
intellect of coming ages, and already the drift of
agnosticism is into antago-Gnosticism. The process
has always been first doubt, then positive denial !
" Israel."
There ;s but one way to avoid the logical out
come of agnosticism, and that is to retrace out
steps and become even more faithful gnostics than

1 8 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
our ancestors. Already we have light enough to
guide our steps, and with every one retraced it will
increase. The Chaplain of Frederick the Great summed up
the matter in a single word which demonstrates the
superhuman prescience of Moses : —
" Doctor," said the monarch, " if your religion is
a true one it ought to be capable of a very brief and
simple proof ; give me its evidence in a single
word ? "
With unhesitating emphasis the chaplain
answered : "ISRAEL! "
A century has transpired since this conclusive
rind unanswerable reply, — and more than ever is its
force apparent ; for in the interval the scales have
fallen from the eyes of Clio's deeper students, and
they perceive a new significance to the answer.
When given it pointed chiefly to the " Jews,"
and to their standing testimony in favor of the
truth of prophecy.
The instance however was more consummate
than the pastor dreamed, for it comprehended both
" kingdoms " into which Abraham's seed is now
divided, and while meaning " Judah," strong enough
alone to silence if not to satisfy the king, points
out to us the broader section who have since
been found !
The distinction between " Israel " and " Judah "
and a thorough grasp of the shades in which Scrip
ture uses these two terms, must be mastered and be

19
kept in view by students of the new school of
history. The former is the broader term, and
although it sometimes stands for the equivalent of
Hebrew it more often means particularly its " Ten
Tribed Kingdom " — there is no instance in which
"Judah" is made to cover other than the " Two
Tribed Kingdom."
Of the two Kingdoms God speaks collectively
when he says " This people have I formed for
myself, they shall shew forth my praise," and he
prefaces the sentence with their severality. — " Ye
are my witnesses."
It is in the testimony of these two witnesses that
our topic finds its arguments irresistible, and it is our.
particular aim in the present Study to make this
distinction as clear as the historic fact, and thus
shew forth its double weight.
According to Dr. Dice Brown's analysis the
period of " Israel's " blindness as to her own origin
and destiny is naturally divided into three stages :
First, from the time of the early fathers up to a
century after the Reformation ; with much his
torical research he has pointed out by detailed exam
ples and quotations, that the early fathers, without
exception, believed, not in the temporal restoration
of the Jews, but only in the spiritual or allegorical
meaning of the prophecies, referring everything to
the Church. During the second stage, which lasted
down to about 1840, the temporal restoration of the
Jews, and their national conversion, was believed in

20 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
by many writers, and as vehemently opposed by
others. But no writer seemed to have noticed the
distinction between the Houses of Israel and Judah.
The third stage was inaugurated by John Wilson's
book on the Ten Tribes, a little volume which ap
peared during that stirring period when the " Mid
night Cry " of 1837-44, awakened Adventists and
Irredentists of every phase, and set the Saxon Race
particularly, to work at lamp trimming and filling !
In this stage we now live, and beneath the light
of thousands of the volumes that have followed
Wilson's. The distinction between the two Houses
is being admitted by increasing numbers, although
even now the vast majority of the Church and par
ticularly of its ministers are ignorant of this elemen
tary fact. Dr. Brown points out that this blindness
was evidently a part of God's scheme for the tem
porary effacement of Israel, and that it is only in
recent years that OUR Race has so developed as to
correspond in every detail with the prophetic picture
of Israel, and hence the time has arrived for the
complete removal of the blindness. He finally
shows how distinctly this blindness on the part of
the Church and its ministers, God's " messengers
and servants," was prophesied by Isaiah, and the
first opening of the eyes and ears of His servants,
when the time for it had come.
This time has now arrived.

the magnitude of the topic. 21
The Magnitude of the Topic.
It is well nigh impossible to unfold the details
of this subject in a single volume, for whole libraries
may scarcely compass them.
Around it empires rise and fall.
It involves the whole history of the past, and
peers forward into all that, teeming with events, the
future shall unfold.
It comprehends the whole story of man, and is
summed up in his ultimate earthly destiny.
We shall, therefore, merely touch upon a few of
its prominent salients, trusting that by association
of ideas they will in due time expand themselves
into the gigantic proportions which belong to the
topic. We hope merely to sow seeds which later
on may quicken into wide and spreading sugges
tions in such luxuriant soil : for the impression
which this subject makes upon the mind does not
pass away, and the history of events, as in the near
future we opine that they are certain to develop,
will help these seeds to life.
An Age of Faltering Faith.
We all have mental fields that have lain fallow
and uncultivated since very early and religious
childhood. Albeit we were then ignorant of the
so called true and false, we were at least innocent of
disbelief ; our faith had not yet learned to falter.
It is through one of these fields that we now ask

22 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
our readers to pass the harrow, if so be that there
upon some still surviving germs of childlike faith
may quicken into life.
More and more in these practical, modern days it
has become a custom to eliminate God from the
affairs of men, — not only from the minor ones of
personal life, but even from any direct concern with
the incidents of general history.
Rarely, if ever, does the secular press interest
itself at all with policies which look further than
the councils of some European diplomat, and while
its judgments are ostensibly based upon the
moral law, they seek to rest upon a natural one
rather than upon a code which truly came from
Sinai and from the fingers of Jehovah.
Even the religious press stammers as it pro
nounces the dictum, "right prevails; " fights shy of
the prophecies as miry ground, spiritualizes all for
which it cannot find such patent literal footing as
shall satisfy the liberal school, and divides the meta
phors of the Scriptures into the tenets of as many
sects as there are days in the civil year.
Further and further into by-gone days the God of
Scripture is being relegated. That he ever inter
feres with the affairs of men, or condescends to write
between the petty lines of history, but few individ
uals literally believe, and it is certain that no nations,
as such, bow down to such a creed, abiding by it in
all of their concerns.
To most of us, be the kingdom of Heaven what

THE SCRIPTURE FORECAST. 23
it may, that of Earth is like unto a certain ruler who
went into a very far country and decided to remain
there. " Science, so called," has essayed to take out new
naturalization papers for the human race, and has
derived its breath, as well as its body, from the
latent potentialities of dust itself !
If such a process is legitimate, and shall be con
tinued to its logical conclusion, Biblical faith is
already doomed, and inspiration re-defined, must
be admitted as merely a form of poetic imagina
tion. We challenge this whole process, and shall un
dertake to show that events are literally following
the lines already mapped out for them in Holy
Writ, and that they hasten towards the final con
summation which is the solution of the contro
versy of Zion.
The Scripture Forecast.
To review the Eastern Question is to rewrite his
tory itself ; let us, however, glance at the chapter
headings as they are laid down in the Bible, for
there the subject opens, and therein is explicitly
set forth the sequence of events towards which we
are all inevitably trending.
The prominence of Palestine commences with the
call of Abraham. Leaving the idolatrous temples
of Chaldea behind him, he journeys out of Ur and
first at Bethel calls upon the Lord.

24 the philosophy of history.
Isaac and Jacob succeed him in their turn, but, as
strangers, simply sojourned in the promised land.
At last, in the days of famine, Jacob and his sons
abandoned it and went down into Egypt. For
the next 255 years its history is a blank, and in this
interval the vast Hittite empire endeavored to re
unite its scattered monarchies in Palestine.
But in due time Joshua and his hosts appeared,
and its cities, one by one, succumbe'd unto the
Lord of Hosts.
That these cities were mighty, archaeology with
the spade in these our days, has demonstrated to
the echo. They are as true as Troy, and lend cre
dence to the Bible, as at least a history of facts.
The glory of the Hebrew empire culminated
under Solomon, divided at his death, and waned
until it disappeared.
Circa 739, B.C., the era of Nabonassar, the four
great empires of Daniel's vision, arose simulta
neously upon the chart of history. But though
their origines thus synchronize, they were destined
to come into power successively.
Now it is noticeable that around about their sim
ultaneous era of foundation, or, as Daniel puts it,
" In the days of these kingdoms," another kingdom,
stone, and small, and yet the seed of a veritable
mountain of endurance, was also to be set up — if
with King Agrippa we give any heed unto the
prophets. Its establishment was to be effected " without

THE TIMES OF THE GENTILES. 25
hands," that is, without human agency or intention,
and by Him who originally had divided the
Earth among the descendants of Adam, and had
set the boundaries of all people according to the
destined number of the Sons of Jacob.
Of this kingdom we shall speak anon, for it has
been strangely lost to the sight of historians that
just such an empire was at this time actually set up,
in a place apart, and that it has continued indepen
dent of all foreign rule from those days to the present
time, nor ceased thenceforth to grow, expanding
with its endless days.
The Times of the Gentiles.
The four great Gentile Empires of Daniel's
dream have been too plainly manifested to be mis
taken, and in turn each of them has campaigned in
the Holy Land.
The golden hosts of Nebuchadnezzar marched
into Jerusalem. The silvern helms of Media and
Persia glinted in the sunlight of Samaria. The
brazen arms of Alexander came up against the city,
and the iron heel of Rome ground down its very
blocks to powder.
Host and horseman, phalanx and legion divided
the spoil, and while the final destruction delayed
those who were despoiled destroyed their King and
Saviour. They would have robbed him even of his title
had not Pilate curtly prevented it.

26 the philosophy of history.
The truth of his remark — " What I have written,
I have written," was at once hewn into the Gentile
heart, for the " stone kingdom " was already beyond
the pale of Palestine, and the exiled Saxons were
not slow to recognize its purport.
But in the Land of Lofty Origines an era of aban
donment now succeeded, for soon the Romans
sowed the plowed-up land with salt and left it deso
late. Then came to brood upon the land the " abomi
nation of desolation " spoken of by the prophets —
the Mohammedans swarmed into its sacred pre
cincts. The Saracen empire succeeded.
Like an Euphratian flood the Turks flowed in.
Next the Crusaders wrested it from the Infidel.
And from them Saladin took it.
Then the Tartars.
Next the Moguls.
Now the Ottomans.
To-morrow, unto whom shall this land fall ?
The Cradle Land of Many Creeds.
All the dominant creeds of humanity have
sprung, directly or indirectly, from the Holy Land,
or have been cradled there.
Braminism, Judaism, Christianity and Mohamme
danism. Of the three latter there can be no doubt, their
aspect is towards Jerusalem. The Hebrew origin

the cradle land of many creeds. 27
of Braminism is somewhat less apparent. But
in discussing its tenets, and its remarkable tangen-
cies to what all true believers in the Bible consider
to be proofs of its Shemitic origin, and all non-
believers regard as equal proof that it is rather
parent to all modern creeds, we must not forget the
derivative suggestiveness of Bram from A-Bram,
nor fail to couple this with the fact that it was
" eastward, into the east country with gifts, away
from Isaac his son, while he yet lived," that the
Father of the Faithful sent his children by Ke-
turah !
The Indian Empire of Great Britain is of Hebrew
origin through descent from these early Keturan
outcasts, nor have they lacked signal favors of
Jehovah's blessing. They, too, had knowledge of
" the promise," and looked also for the Redeemer,
but they were sent away thus early, lest they should
confuse the inheritance.
Nevertheless, in the fulness of time their wise
men saw the promised Star, and hence they sent
their representatives — the Magi — to Bethlehem,
even kings of the East bearing gifts !
What more natural, if any of these religions be
the true one, if all of them have traces of the truth,
that thither to this primary site of Adam's banish
ment, to Mount Golgotha, where he was buried and
where the second Adam died in expiation of prime
val sin, in God's own time, all men return ?
What wonder if to all, at least in body raised and

28 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
spirit quickened, it shall be, in time to come, the
land of new and truer birth ?
The Rival Champions.
We are in the latter times.
It is idle, be there a God or none, to believe that
the human race, having already tasted the ideas of
modern civilization, Christianity and liberty, is
much longer going to stand the terrible strain of
that eternal vigilance which makes its couch upon
a bed of bayonets.
It is more than idle not to see, as the whole
world does see, that, underlying all the interna
tional animosities of European dynasties, the pri
mary one which lies at the core of all dissension is
rather the one concerned in the ultimate destiny of
the terrestrially central land of Palestine.
It stands at the gate of universal commerce.
It is a land bounded by natural lines of communi
cation, the focus of international trade, and the
world's strategic point !
The people who next win possession of it will
have it to hold forever, and those who hold it will
hold the key to earthly greatness and superiority.
Already do her children think upon her ruins, and
take pleasure in her dust, for the Jews are swarming
thither in unprecedented numbers, and the iron
horses of modern traffic, foreseen of old against the
days in which we live, are gathering there to carry
them from Joppa to Jerusalem.

the rival champions. 29
The world already recognizes that it stands upon
the threshold of events which, when they shall have
yet this once relaid the lines of empire, will have
burned them in far too deeply ever after to be lost
as boundaries that may not be passed, and the irons
are now hot wherewith to do the burning !
Strategically, England must possess Palestine, or
her vast empire will be severed in twain.
But, say the Prophets, its next possessor must be
" Israel," who alone is destined to supplant the
crescent of the Infidel by the Lion of the Tribe of
Judah. Not a spiritual Israel, but a literal one, by
true inheritance, return, and genealogy, or else the
whole Bible, jot and tittle, history, morals and
prophecy, is a fond delusion.
This is a question to be settled by beings who
have flesh and blood ; it must be reasoned on with
common sense, and whether we approach it upon
Scriptural lines or not, there is but one reading to
the signs about us.
The whole trend of modern European politics
points to the ultimate occupation and possession of
the Holy Land, either by Russia or by England,
and the more closely we read the prophecies of old,
the more light do we obtain upon, events which are
now shaping themselves in no uncertain proportions.
But there are numerous other claimants in the
field,. the Jews, the Rothschilds, Rome, and many
private corporations.
From the Biblical standpoint the Jews of course,

30 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY. --
will share the land, but may not hope to rule it and
possess it to the exclusion of the greater Ten-tribed
section of the seed of Abraham (Ezek. xxxvii. 16).
From the secular standpoint they will undoubtedly
form a large element in the population of at least
Jerusalem. But while there are no prophetical
grounds whereon to anticipate the self-erection of a
purely Jewish rule in Palestine, there are positive
international impossibilities against its serious con
templation from a secular one.
So, too, without " the temporal power," which is
forever lost to Rome as at present constituted, the
Palestinic aspirations of the Papacy are futile to
the last degree. Nevertheless, in the transition stage
of Palestine's affairs, we have grounds on which to
anticipate the passing influence of Rome. We
seek things permanent, however, and in this discus
sion must look on beyond the mere events of the
near future to days when the problem of this cen
tral land shall have been solved with the consent of
all concerned.
And so, moreover, are futile all private or incor
porated schemes to colonize, reclaim, and repossess
the Holy Land. All such efforts must be subordi
nate to some great Power — the days of " East India
Companies " and of all similar concerns are past.
Nor can a general international protectorate suc
ceed unless it be in the form of some simple guar
antee to maintain "Israel," as such, in sole and
independent right to her inheritance. " The Land

RUSSIA YERSUS ENGLAND. jl
is mine," saith the Lord God of Israel, and he has
promised it Unto the seed of Abraham for an ever
lasting possession.
Hence, unless we do violence to the united testi
mony of the Scriptures, there can be no doubt
among religious men as to the final lines upon which
the re-assignment must be made.
Russia versus England.
Russia is the only nation in the modern category
that has preserved its ancient name as known unto
the prophets. Its Czar is " Gog, of the land of
Magog, the prince of Rosh, Meshech and Tubal."
Against some descendants of this line of Gogs,
ruling all the Russias from the yet unshaken throne-
seat of his forefathers, God has declared Himself in
no uncertain terms (Ezek. xxxviii., xxxix.), and
identified him as a ruler of " Israel's " most ancient,
most persistent, and final enemy.
In view of these predictions, plainly set forth
upon the pages of the Holy Writ, the present atti
tude of the Czar and of his subjects upon " Jewish "
matters, has already engaged our close attention
in Study No. 2, nor, since the publication of that
volume have we seen any reason to modify our
exegesis, based upon the infallible guidance of the
Scriptures. In the mean time the whole world has awakened
to the enormity of Russian intolerance, and while
its petitions have been treated with disdain, has

33 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
failed to see the Kismet that is overruling Musco
vite designs, and also to heed the only source from
whence the true philosophy of what is going on
may be obtained.
And Russia, at the same time quite as blind as
all the rest, moves heedlessly unto her fate.
Nevertheless, all this is quite in accordance with
the general diagnosis of Insanity. However it
originated, man's disbelief has now become congeni
tal, and it seems to be impossible for him to under
stand and act upon the warnings plainly set forth
in the Word of God.
Russia, in particular, is following out her destiny
to the very letter, and if there be the faintest
shadow of reality to " the strange sequence of co
incidences," — as we perforce designate them, — which
rules her policy, there certainly can be no difficulty
in pointing out her ultimate opponent — nor is there
whether we pay heed to prophecy or not.
The spirit that actuates Russia is fully set forth
in the will of Peter the Great, and whether this
famous paper originated with the great Czar, or
with Napoleon, it should be read over in the light of
these ancient chapters of Ezekiel. Russia, there
fore, cannot be " Israel " herself ; nor by the prem
ises whereon we argue, can Russia enter Palestine
to have it as an everlasting possession.
There remains then simply to discuss the Anglo-
Saxon claims to Hebrew origin, and to determine
whether the eastern Saxons of the modern world

IS BRITAIN " ISRAEL ? " 33
literally possess the "Sceptre" and the "Birth
right " ; — in other words,
Is Britain " Israel ? "
And we have greatly mistaken both our theme,
and audience of Anglo-Saxons, if a topic so exalted
fails to sink into their hearts.
No people upon earth so delight to call them
selves the "spiritual" seed of Abraham as do
Americans and Englishmen, — but surely blood de
scent is better than a dream, no matter how ideal,
and the facts of "literal" identity afford a firmer
continent whereof to form " the Adam " of such as
pirations and wherein to breathe the breath of lives !
Max O'Rell, viewing the English speaking people
through a French Lorgnette, made great sport of
them a year or so ago in a book which created
quite a controversy. In the closing chapters of
" John Bull and his Island," he attempts to ridicule
the pretensions of a growing class of Englishmen,
who, denying they had aught to do with Judah and
the Jews, still arrogantly claimed that they were of
the stock and lineage of Abraham, and inheritors
with the western Anglo-Saxons of the United States
of Joseph's birthright, and that England and Amer
ica have " the double portion " meted out to Ephraim
and Manasseh, the sons of him who was beloved
above his brethren !
But Max O'Rell found little good in anything
outside of Pans. However, his very ridicule awak-

34 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
ened many to the purport of their possible descent,
and forced them to search diligently in the records
if perchance the faith of some might after all be
founded upon fact.
And with the result that the interest in this novel
line of study has won at last the attention of a far
broader and more serious class among the English
speaking race than that which naturally feeds upon
the wonderful alone.
There is certainly more of mystery involved in
our own story than in that of any other race on
earth, except perhaps "the Jews," nor can we rise
from the perusal of the mere badinage of Max
O'Rell without a clearly defined desire to solve, if
possible, the Riddle of the Saxons.
Who are these people, that, dwelling in their
islands and colonies which belt the earth, dwell so
alone as " not to be numbered among the conti
nental nations," although from Dover they can see
Calais ?
Certainly the universities have thus far failed to
answer this with any satisfaction ; nor -can they
blame the laity for taking part in questions of such
moment while they quarrel with each other, nor
will it make any difference to the majority of men
whether they condemn the intrusion or not.
Oxford is not England, nor is England Anglo-
Saxondom, and the matter now before us is not
only Racial, but must be settled by the common
sense and the consensus of those most concerned.

MODERN PROPHETS. 35
In its general aspect we have already discussed
this question in former studies, but have set our
selves the task in this to try it more particularly
against the Philosophy of History.
Modern Prophets.
Some years ago we visited a western town, then
the site of vast and growing railroad interests. We
were the guest of its founder, and one who was
still its largest land owner. He told us the history
of the town. When he first saw its locality he had
been struck with its unique fitness for a railroad
centre. There were no important railroads within
miles of it in those days. But he foresaw, by that
special instinct which makes of some men railroad
potentates, its certain destiny, so purchased the
entire tract, laid out a city there and named it for
his daughter.
Subsequent events have demonstrated the cor
rectness of his judgment. Railroads, population,
and wealth have followed his preliminary surveys,
and to-day the city of Sedalia is one of Missouri's
chief commercial centres. Its founder was the late
General G. R. Smith, whose coup d'osil was re
markable for its piercing business foresight.
Now we take it as indisputable that there is an
underlying scheme of Philosophy in History, that
the story of human progress follows laws which are
as rigid as those that guide a river, and that the
stream has never flowed backwards, but in spite of

36 the philosophy of history.
shallows, sinks, and rapids, forever seeks the sea of
ultimate and universal prosperity.
Let us conceive of one, so gifted in the craft of
statesmanship that he could scan a globe as readily
for settling nations to their best advantage, as men
of even our short years and mental calibre, lay out
the foundations of a railroad metropolis. Such an
one would be a god, and if his foresight were con
ferred upon a mortal the latter would be a prophet.
He could anticipate and write the skeleton of his
tory, particularly if he knew the genius of races.
Assisted by whatsoever that may be which men
have heretofore regarded as inspiration he would
be accepted as a Seer, and his books, preserved and
handed down, would, from their first appearance, be
received as prophecies. Through the years of un-
fulfilment they might remain neglected, but in due
time events would justify their author's foresight,
catch up with his predictions, and keep apace there?
after with him.
Such agreement, moreover could not but con
vince the wise men of concurrent generations that
the credentials of the early prophet were bona fide
and that his collateral advice — the main object
probably of his mission — merited acceptance.
The' Days of Fulfilment.
We are just about overtaking Israel's latter
prophets in these present days, for the lines of his
tory are shaping themselves so noticeably upon the

THE DAYS OF FULFILMENT. 37
Biblical scheme, that so soon as the clue is given
the mind — " sana, in corpore sano" — cannot fail to
accept its own convictions and fall into accord
therewith. We admit the foresight of such an one as General
Smith, the* Prince of Sedalia, because he profited
thereby, and we laud his business tact and financial
ability, nor would we hesitate to follow his advice
within the scope of human ventures.
But, if the vast Bible scheme to subjugate the
earth, and people it with chosen and selected stock,
and thence to draw material for heaven itself ac
cording to some well digested plan foreseen from
the beginning in all its bearings, is after all the
truth, then just such methods as we see about us
may be reasonably expected, will be realized in due
time as the outcome of superior intelligence, and
win our fullest recognition.
The Bible itself gives a most liberal definition to
the object of prophecy. It is chiefly of ex post
facto value, and like as we honor human counsel
and the predictions of mere "old folk" experience
when fulfilled, so credit should certainly be ac
corded to the promulgations of God's prophets
when their words minutely come to pass. " Now I
tell you before it come to pass, that when it comes
to passj^ may believe that I am He," says Christ,
who is himself the spirit of all inspiration.
If history supports prediction it is reasonable to
believe the prophecy was spoken with authority, for

38 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
it is superhuman to speak as Israel's prophets spake,
and have events, foreseen for scores of centuries,
minutely come to pass. Hence when the thing pre
dicted is literally fulfilled the character of the
speaker together with his object in the utterance
must be allowed. Additional Guarantees.
Moreover to increase the weight and support the
claims of authenticity there must naturally extend
between the days of its promulgation and those of
its fulfilment, a suitable period of waiting, and the
longer this period the better may the objection
of collusion be refuted.
Now the volumes of Israel's prophetic writers
have been in existence for at least some 2,520 years,
and have been handed down unaltered in the full
light of corroborating records. They have even
greater age than the works of Homer and Herodo
tus and are at least as intact as the accepted classics
of the Greeks and Romans. To those however who
understand the genius of the Hebrew Cult they are
far more reliable than any classics, even if their
divine origin be called in question, for as "sacred "
volumes they were guarded by the most peculiar
provisions, and a special science charged itself with
maintaining the strict integrity of their letters, no
matter what license may have wrought as to their
spirit and interpretation. The most arrogant
schools of infidelity and the least reverent of the

ADDITIONAL GUARANTEES. 39
Higher Critics have never failed to recognize the
import of these safeguards, and whatever of doubt
they may have endeavored to cast upon the Canon
of the New Testament, they have certainly agreed
in according quite enough of antiquity to the Books
of the Old to satisfy our present demands.
Thus the "waiting time" of Moses and the
Prophets is fully sufficient to guarantee their inspi
ration if it can be shown that they are now, at this
present, being accurately and consummately ful
filled. And the reaction of such a conviction is cal
culated to invest the entire canon with authority,
since jointly and severally the separate volumes of
the whole Bible bear similar testimony, and are
bound together by harmonies which cannot be dis
turbed without logical suicide.
In the opening Study of this Series we took a
general survey of our topic and drew our authority
indiscriminately from the volumes thus involved.
In the Second we developed a few chapters of the
Hebrew Chronology in order to demonstrate the
reliability of the records as to the contemporaneous
history of the events recorded. In a future
Study we hope to set forth this Chronology in a
consecutive chain from the Beginning down to cur
rent times. In our present undertaking we shall
continue to study it, but from a single standpoint
only, and shall endeavor to show that " the Eastern
Question " is primarily concerned in Israel's des
tiny, is a notable theme of her Prophets, and is so

40 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
blended into Anglo-Saxon destiny that the Histo
rians of the latter may be regarded as the succes
sors of the prophets they confirm, and the Saxons
as the sons of those whose history they continue.
Our survey will thus extend backward over many
centuries, but the present generation needs only to
scan them from its own surroundings, for it lives and
moves and has its being in an age of such unpar
alleled fulfilments, as to promise the resurrection of
the very dead in faith if haply they have ears to hear
with those who are to waken first. (Rev. xx. 5, 6).
Jacob's Zodiac.
If therefore we are living in what is not only
the most momentous day of history but in what is
pre-eminently the Age of Fulfilment, the children of
our generation are peculiarly favored, and their
religious responsibilities are vastly augmented.
For upon them and us rests the judicial acceptance
or rejection of the very best evidence which it is
possible to adduce as testimony to a religious
hypothesis. It is evidence which has been pre
pared, elaborated, and sealed up, at the beginning
of the trial ; evidence towards which the whole con
duct of the case has led up and conspired, and evi
dence in which they themselves, who are now called
upon to break the seals ape the prima facie wit
nesses !
Our predecessors sojourned only in the days of
prophecy ; they saw, as in a glass but darkly, and

JACOB s zodiac. 41
blessed was their faith ; but we confront the facts
themselves, and see them face to face.
It is undeniable in so far as Christians are ad
dressed that the eyes of all the generations gone
before have longed to peer into the pages that the
current politics of many nations are now writing,
and shall we still continue to scan them with but
small concern and dwell as carelessly upon this
threshold of " the end of days," as if the pen of
inspiration had never propounded riddles on the
mystery of existence ? And it is a mystery inscru
table, unless one follows in the footsteps of the
prophets. In order, therefore, to better interpret the trend
of hurrying events, we shall invite the reader's
attention to a brief but somewhat closer survey of
the Philosophy of Israel's national development.
This has never been fully, nor indeed to our
knowledge, ever been at all, duly considered in dis
cussing the destiny of nations, and yet it is a field
which promises rich harvests ; for if the Bible be
the Word of God it is the sole treasure house of
that Philosophy which alone can solve the problems
of our destiny, and if it be not this why stand we
in discomfort mid ephemeral things?
From the standpoint, however, whence, accord
ing to our own views, we are convinced the true
scheme of human progress can alone be compre
hended, we reassert that Moses in his closing address
to Israel, consummately summed up the subject.

42 THE PHILOSOPHY OP HISTORY
We have to argue " line upon line, and line upon
upon line, precept upon precept, here a little, there
a little," for so prone are we to overlook the gen
eral aspect of an argument, that unless at times it
is reiterated, the conclusion loses all its force.
Hence our repetition of this comprehensive quota
tion from Moses. His summation is as follows:
When the Most High divided to the nations their
inheritance, When he separated the sons of Adam,
He set the bounds of the people — according to
the number of the children of Israel.
For the Lord's portion is his people. Jacob is
the lot (Zodiac) of his inheritance.
That is, from the very beginning, the end — the
temporal end of a temporal beginning — was in the
cognizance of Him who chose a special people by
whom to mould the destiny of all the rest.
Upon the premise of an overruling Providence,
such a scheme alone is reasonable. For otherwise
all human progress is but an epimethean freak of
accident and chance.
From the Bible standpoint, however, there is no
room for chance, and the plan of regeneration is
promethean. It sweeps onward with unerring con
fidence, and comprehends the whole of travailing
creation. Let us then draw near and overlook the arena
where the earlier scenes were laid, that we may bet
ter understand the significance of the closing acts

THE COSMOPOLITAN LAND. 43
of the human drama which now conspire towards
the same sacred localities.
The Cosmopolitan Land.
The geographical situation of Palestine is
notably striking, particularly to the student of the
modern atlas. In our days of perfect familiarity
with terrestrial geography, it requires no effort of
prophecy or international statemanship to predict
for Palestine an ultimate supremacy over all the
lands of the earth.
It is pre-eminently " the central land."
This is its Hebrew significance. The " Navel" of
the Earth, a land of birth !
Its very name is thus prophetic, for those who
used it at the dawn of history were cramped within
too narrow confines to perceive its central situation
among the then unknown and yet to be inhabited
continents. Moreover this land has always been a central one.
For as the clouds of darkness have rolled back from
off the surrounding terra incognita, before the ex
panding thrust of Empire, and the glance of explora
tion, it has maintained a central place in interest
and locality, and has always been a thoroughfare of
nations. From the days of Abram's call down to the pres
ent one in which the same spirit calls us finally
homeward, the clouds of error have also receded,
continually further and further, from before the

44 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
piercing light of truth's bright constellation set upon
its central hills.
No matter what has been the actual course of
earth's benighted ships of state, Jerusalem has been
the cynosure towards which all the needles of prog
ress have forever pointed. Study the history of the
world, it matters not in what age, and Palestine is
there — a prominent fact and factor, oftentimes, of
course, only as it were accidentally, but none the
less so in reality, and this even though the land
itself lay wholly desolate — a place of Sabbaths.
The Heart of Empire.
All the empires of the old world either fought
there or marched and trafficked through it. This
they were forced to do of sheer necessity — a need
which grows in magnitude once more in these com
mercial days of ours.
Even in the days when Latin pride wrote, " all
roads lead to Rome," the road from Jezreel to Jeru
salem was a central part of the one great central
highway between the two eccentrically located
halves of Caesar's domain.
Jerusalem is, in fact, the very heart of Daniel's
image of universal empire.
Conceive this image stretched out prone upon the
map. Its head on golden Babylon, its silver arms
and breast on the Media and Persia of Darius, its
brazen belly on the Greece of Alexander's day, its
heavy iron legs stretched out on either side of Tra-

THE heart of empire. 45
jan's Rome. Then the heart of this vast image —
made of flesh — throbbed faintly at Jerusalem.
Thence all its arteries went out, and thither did the
poisoned blood return.
Traditionally this land was the chosen home of
Adam, exiled from Eden; there he died. From it,
as in an ever widening circle, the antediluvian orb
was probably completely populated. 'Twas thence
the Dove plucked olive promise when the Deluge
was assuaged, and then, the first of living things to
trust itself upon the earth thus born anew, it lighted
upon Olivet and built her nest in cool Gethsem-
ane. It was the land of Promise and of Peace.
It is the land of Destiny.
Tradition further testifies that after the Deluge
Shem buried there the " chest of Noah," containing
the records of the former earth, and that the
Sabeans, Abraham, and some of the prophets, had
due access to them. There they rest and wait for
re-discovery to-day.
Of course in legends and traditions such a land
abounds; with romance, poetry and prophecy its air
is full. But the land lacks not authentic history of
vastly more importance !
The Call from Ur.
Chaldea for a time became the seat of empire
and the cradle of the race ; but it was also the site
of Babel and confusion,

46 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
However, Nimrod's rebellion was in vain, and the
inevitable laws of progress reasserted themselves.
Babylon, destined to be the head, the intellect
alone, could not compass human government. It
is with the heart only that man believeth, and
therefore ruleth, unto righteousness. So while the
head had precedence, the heart of the Gentile em
pire hardened, until at length upon it as an altar,
the heart of Him who saved the race was broken
at Jerusalem.
In due time, therefore, looking towards the plan
of regeneration. Abraham was called out of Chaldea,
and unto him, in Palestine, the vision and the
promise of its future greatness, and of its ultimate
supremacy and permanent possession by his seed,
was explicitly vouchsafed.
These promises were made to him by Jehovah
full 3,806 years ago. He was then but a sojourner,
dwelling there as in a strange country.
They were repeated, and amplified successively
to Isaac, and to Jacob.
The latter patriarch divided this promise into
thirteen parcels, and, with divine commission, dis
tributed them among his sons. And as a special
favor unto Joseph, he gave to him a "double por
tion," in that he adopted each of the two sons of
the latter as his own first-born — that is " as " or in
lieu of " Reuben and Simeon " — and conferred
upon them, in particular, the signal blessings of the
birthright.

the sceptre and the birthright. 47
The Sceptre and the Birthright.
There is no gainsaying the fact, and the un
broken record of it, as preserved in Holy Writ, that
unto Judah was the Lawgiver promised, a sceptre in
perpetuity, and from generation to generation with
out lapse. It was a temporal sceptre, placed in the
hand of David in due time, and secured to his pos
terity forever ; a sceptre whose de facto retention
was to continue until He came whose right it is
thenceforward to maintain it.
Shiloh as such, the Millennial Prince of Peace,
has not yet come to rule the nations in the sense in
which he is to come. He came to suffer only, and
to leave a sword upon the earth. This is clearly
evident from his very last conversation with the
disciples just previous to his ascension.
# Hence David's Sceptre must be still in existence,
somewhere, and swayed over a temporal, literal,
lineal Israel.
The integrity of Jehovah's oath demands this,
and the confidence of human faith looks for its ful
filment to the very letter. Never through the
darkest chapters of Judah's regal history was this
plain promise doubted, and it was too solemnly
reiterated upon the very eve of the Babylonian cap
tivity to admit of subterfuge and spiritualization
among those who have inherited the Book of life,
and pretend to base their hopes of resurrection
upon collateral promises !

48 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
But in the meanwhile the sons of Joseph were to
inherit all the temporal blessings of general head
ship over his brethren, as well as mediately, in the
universal day, over all the nations of the earth.
Prosperity, financial and commercial, the fatness
of the earth and the fulness thereof was Joseph's
portion, nor can the law, which has also had the ful
filment of this promise in its keeping from the
death of Jacob to the present time, have had its
force abated in a single jot or tittle if so be we are
to preserve our " faith " intact, and have a sub
stance for our " hope."
We do not therefore fear to face the plain and
literal responsibilities involved in such conclusions,
and are satisfied that we can justify our position to
those who will accompany us candidly into the
premises ; and it is manifest to us, as it must be to
all who view the problem of existence from agnostic
standpoints, that unless such plain and uncondi
tional statements in the Holy Writ shall admit of
sometime positive demonstration, it is in vain that
we delude ourselves and say that we believe in
Christ. The history of Joseph in Egypt, a story so dear
and so familiar to Anglo-Saxon childhood, is a type
which we may fairly expect to be repeated in that
of his descendants, and in them we shall certainly
find when we discover them, the genius of their father.
Nor need we prosecute the search beyond our
selves ! for it is remarkable that the story of the

Israel becomes a nation. 49
English speaking peoples who lock up the surplus
of the world's accumulated wealth, exactly counter
parts, upon a grander scale, that of Joseph, whose
financial ability made Pharaoh the literal owner of
the land of Egypt, and who is the Biblical example
of a prosperous man.
But we are not seeking mere counterparts nor the
children of miraculous conception from the stones
beneath the feet of those who throng the thorough
fares of Salem, and if we of Anglo-Saxon parentage
are indeed the lineal descendants of so great an
ancestry, the past is not only earnest of still greater
future, but the present must be related to that past
by links that demonstrate the chain of evidence.
Israel Becomes a Nation.
But a long period of preparation was impera
tively necessary to accomplish so gigantic and far-
reaching a scheme of universal conquest as then lay
mapped out only in the councils of destiny. Let
us therefore continue our review of its clear cut out
lines and development.
With God a thousand years are but a day.
His mills grind slowly,
But they grind exceeding small.
And so, while we poor mortals are lost, amazed
amid the wheels of time, to Him, who hath wound
up the cycles of eternity, the story we are sketching
had but just begun.

50 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
Seventy souls went down with Jacob into Egypt,
and for Joseph's sake were kindly entreated and
favored by the Pharaohs who knew him. The land
of Goshen was assigned to them, and there they
grew into a mighty nation.
Skilled in all the arts and sciences of Egypt, they
became its chief reliance. They formed the bulk of
its army, of its practical artisans and workmen of
every description and industry, and were its actual
wealth producers.
But Egypt grew both jealous and oppressive, for
it soon began to fear the consequences of having so
powerful a foster nation growing up within its bor
ders. Nevertheless, a higher and ever watchful provi
dence had the nation of Heber under its solicitude,
and turned this very change of policy into a bless
ing in disguise. The muscles of virtue are not all
developed in prosperity, and severe discipline was
needed ere successful exodus-could be accomplished.
Hence, when one arose who knew not Joseph, in
oppression's school they learned the "tale of bricks."
But there is a limit to endurance, and Israel was
not chastened beyond it. The lash of the task
master overreached itself and gained for the chosen
people an unlooked for leader out of their adversity.
However, a generation more was added to their
discipline, while their leader himself was taught
new lessons in the wilderness of Midian at Jethro's
feet.

SCHOOLED IN THE WILDERNESS. 5 1
For although skilled in all the wisdom of Egypt,
and polished in all the manners of the court of
Pharaoh, an equally long sojourn in the wilds of
Arabia was essential ere the experience of Moses
was sufficiently ripened for the task before him.
The circumstantial harmony with which the sev
eral independent threads of this story work into the
common plot is beyond criticism, and the unobtru
sive philosophy which binds the whole together is
circumstantial evidence of the highest order that
the facts related are set forth in the literal simplicity
of truth.
At last the day of bondage ceased, " for God
heard their groaning, and remembered his covenant
with Abraham, with Isaac, and with Jacob. SaGod
looked upon the children of Israel and had respect
unto them."
But although the day of their deliverance from
Egypt had arrived, they were not yet equipped to
undertake the conquest of the Central Land.
Schooled in the Wilderness.
Moses, than whom no greater general has ap
peared on earth, though reared to be a king, dis
dained the diadem of Egypt, and now returned to
be the Michael of his people.
He led up out of Egypt three and one-half mil
lions of souls, and successfully convoyed them with
an army of 603,550 fighting men.
For full forty unparalleled years they also trav-

52 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
elled in the wilderness of Arabia, both taught of
God and disciplined by nature.
This pilgrimage was but an advanced and neces
sary grade in their national education, and it was an
essential prelude to the task which lay before them
at their journey's end.
Thereby alone they underwent a course of lessons
whose purpose was of broader scope than mere bond
age compassed, and were also gradually initiated into
the principles of Theocracy arid self-government.
It was prolonged for an entire generation, and
thus an opportunity was afforded for the full devel
opment of their own race peculiarities.
In the mean time they forgot the flavor of Egyp
tian flesh pots.
From the military point of view one cannot
expand too much upon the magnitude of this
march. Indeed men of the so called liberal school
of thought prefer to deny that it occurred rather
than admit it, and perforce explain its deep signifi
cance, its bearing upon the integrity of the Bible,
and its patient, deep laid, confident philosophy.
But to him who had formerly led the ever victo
rious armies of Pharaoh into the heart of Africa so
far as Meroe, which was named for him, organiza
tion, administration, logistics, all of generalship in
fact, was a fully comprehended science.
For this end Moses had- been reared amid the
incidents and opportunities of Egypt and Midian.
His career is a fact in History, nor has there risen

THE CONQUEST OF PALESTINE. 53
since, within or out of Israel, his equal as a states
man and a general.
The Conquest of Palestine.
Joshua, schooled under such a teacher, was his
able successor, and with a host at length fully dis
ciplined and equipped for their undertaking, crossed
the Jordan and made easy conquest of this favored
central land of all the earth.
Was there no philosophy in this?
It was consummate conquest !
Was there no statesmanship therein ?
Certainly it was innocent of all human diplo
macy, for it was a policy that could afford to wait.
The patience of this progress towards the land of
promise proves that its strategy was providential
and its leadership divine.
No mere soldier of ambition would have dared to
waste his years of opportunity beneath the frowns
of Sinai, and the years of Moses were already more
than normal before the Exodus began.
Nor could patriotism alone have compassed such
a tireless undertaking.
It was not merely the migration of a race, nor an
aimless escape of a crude people from bondage.
Far from it, for the whole spirit of the enterprise
marks it as a deliberately planned effort — an exam
ple, without compeer, of national training looking
towards a remote object, and patiently persisted in
unto the time appointed.

54 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
Thus Israel struggled towards the central land and
took her place among the nations of the earth.
Has this vast conquest ceased to far reach yet?
Has the spirit of a people such as this expired ?
Has the seed of Abram lost vitality, and shall
another race inherit Joseph's birthright ?
But if preparation such as this were necessary to
fit Israel for the conquest of the Holy Land, what
limit and what term of years shall one assign
wherein to fit her to possess the earth — her ultimate
inheritance?
The Nation's Development.
But let us continue our review.
The wilderness was Israel's apprenticeship as a
nation. In the next 456 years — from the Elders to the
death of Solomon — they served their time as crafts
men at the science of self-government, and passed
to the degree of " perfect masters."
Under Barak and Debora, Gideon and Samuel,
the people went through a long colonial period.
Under Saul they at last confederated.
Under David they were fully welded into a con
stitutional monarchy and the idea of union became
a fact. And then, at last, came Israel's golden age. The
man of war was gathered to his fathers, Solomon
sat upon the throne of David " and his kingdom
was established greatly."

A QUERY. 55
These were the glorious days of " all Israel."
Solomon's long reign of forty years was profoundly
peaceful and prosperous. "He surpassed all the
kings of the earth in riches and wisdom," and " all
the kings of the earth sought his presence." These
are but stray quotations — one must go to Chroni
cles and Kings for all of them.
A Query.
And why should we not credit them literally ?
Is not such history as this — history which has
come down to us in a sequence widely corroborated
both in sacred and secular annals — as worthy of
belief as what we dig up on a broken brick at
Babylon, or find upon the crumbling obelisks of
Egypt ?
The navies of Solomon made voyages as long as
any that are made to-day. " Once in three years
came his merchantmen, bringing gold and silver,
ivory, apes and peacocks" — all emblems of a civili
zation advanced to the degree of luxury.
These navies sailed about the then known world,
and were a ruling factor in a policy too vast to be
of human origin and too remote in its results to be
intentional.
Sown in Many Waters.
By means of Solomon's navies the borders of the
earth were colonized. This is a literal fact, and the
seed thus sown was planted for a purpose far

56 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
beyond the compass of this great King's merely
human wisdom. One of the most prominent results
and characteristics of Solomon's " reign of com
merce " was the growth and development of this
colonizing idea. And yet it is a feature which has
never been appreciated at its full significance.
From Spain to India we find the traces of Solo
mon's supremacy — his ministers gathered tribute at
all the gates of commerce, and sent the streams
towards the temple at Jerusalem.
" Why did " that most adventurous tribe of Israel,
" Dan, abide in his ships?"
There was philosophy in it — the philosophy of
history — such philosophy as the finger of divine
providence writes between its faintest lines.
We grant that they were blind to this themselves,
but none the less it shaped the very destiny of
" Israel's empire."
The prominent idea of this whole period, 456
years, of Israel's story, is written underneath its
lines in sympathetic characters just appearing in our
days.
Dan the Pioneer of Israel!
This tribe abode in ships in order that, in the
councils of the Almighty, when the day of trouble
came, as shortly come it did, he might escape in
them, reach his colonies abroad, and there regather
strength for the final ' reconquest of his birth inher
itance !

DAN THE PIONEER OF ISRAEL ! 57
The exodus of Dan commenced in Egypt, and
Tanis was his youthful port.
All through the period we have scanned his enter
prise continued, and beneath the fostering care of
Solomon it culminated.
To these same colonies, grown greater as the
centuries rolled on, came also all the other tribes
disguised and lost, not only to each other, but to
themselves as well, and there, too, all renewed their
strength. Meanwhile the isles and colonies kept silence, by
command of God, lest any should betray the secret
till the* end of days. (Isa. xli. i.)
Verily this is a chapter of Israel's history which
has been but poorly comprehended.
Men have not dreamed of its significance, for else
it had been published to the stars.
In it were laid the lines which make the future
return of Israel's sons a glorious possibility — a vital,
growing and momentous certainty, — for they look
towards a greater return, a far more comprehensive
exodus than that which Moses led.
When it shall come to pass, and Israel shall come
up out of the North Country and out of all the
places where her children dwell to-day, the renown
of it shall cause that earlier exodus, in spite of all
its grandeur, to grow pale; nor shall men boast of it
thereafter — but rather of this latter one of which it
was the type — the coming crusade !

58 the philosophy of history.
Dan's Ubiquity.
If in a simple survey such as this we could afford
to devote more space to each chapter of the story,
the present one might be expanded into volumes,
for Dan has left his way marks everywhere, and
from that early age to this, upon the ever widening
ripple of exploration the keels of his ships were first
to find new fields for enterprise.
We might show ample arguments to prove that
Samson, of the tribe of Dan, was Hercules.
That Colchis with its golden fleece was but a
colony of Dan. *
That the Greeks, called Danai by their earlier
historians oftener than by any other name, were
sons of Dan.
That Macedania was another colony of this same
people. That the Lace<f««monians actually acknowledged
their descent, and sent presents and brethren to
Jerusalem bearing letters sealed with the tribal arms,
and that their genealogy was\ acknowledged by Jon
athan, the high priest, as a matter of record in tlie
sacred archives.
That Spain was ruled by Solomon's prime minis
ter, whose tomb is there to-day.
That all the Black Sea region was colonized by
Dan. That Ireland was judged by the Tuatha de Dana-
ans from the Halls of Tara, and that Simeon, his.

THE SUMMIT REACHED. 59
fraternal shipping tribe, was the father of the Welsh,
whose language phonetically is almost Hebrew still,
and who, called by their earliest name, were known
in England as the Simonii !
We can only touch the headlines of this topic
here, but it can be most fascinatingly elaborated, and
conviction thrives upon its study. It is along these
highways which Dan pioneered into the wilderness
that we may trace him to our midst.
We do not claim to " demonstrate " this subject —
it is one which, like all genealogical topics, must
find credence for its locus standi, in arguments that
are sui generis.
With Locke, the great master of ra'tiocination
we are content to try it by its " own rules," and are
confident that if it stands this test, the consensus of
the Saxon Race will follow us at length, and on it
pass their final verdict — Stet, et scire facias !
The Summit Reached.
Thus, seated upon his throne of ivory and gold —
that lion-guarded seat, " the like of which there was
not made in any kingdom " — for it was founded
upon Rock and rendered priceless by a stone not
fashioned with hands, even by Bethel, the Jewel of
Empire — and wielding the perpetual sceptre of
David, his father, Solomon's commerce and enter
prise swept far out beyond the confines of the cen
tral land, and fetched a compass over all the earth.
The vision was an earnest of the future which i$

60 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
our days has materialized ; for Israel's wider, grander
promised land is the earth itself, a land whose cen
tre is everywhere, and whose borders limit every
sea. Solomon's reign was the type of Israel's universal
and millennial one , his commerce and enterprise col
onized the borders of the then known earth with
the hardiest, the most adventurous, and the best
fitted to survive of all his merchant princes — seed
sown in many waters, and yielding fruit each after
its own kind, for God gave it life within itself.
In the midst of all this glory, his mission com
pleted — a mission which even Solomon's great wis
dom failed to penetrate, — he too was gathered to
the dust, and the golden age of Israel ended.
How brief have golden ages ever been ! The
lifetime of a single king and the Augustan age is
over. But how shall it fare with this in which we live
to-day? May we, in spite of all its dangerous
phases, still have faith in Israel's vitality, and trust
that in this Victorian age there is a remnant des
tined to survive its subtle forms of spiritual death,
its fascinating allurements and its wild temptations?
We may and must. The times of trouble spoken
of by the prophets of OUR RACE are close upon
us, but beyond them they have told us of the prom
ised rest.
We are in greater modern Egypt still, but the
preparations for the Exodus are almost made, and

THE KINGDOM SEVERED. 6l
if we would escape the angel of destruction, we
must be girt about and keep the Passover.
The Kingdom Severed.
Taxation of the people had reached its oppres
sive limit at the death of Solomon, and as their
protests met with no redress Israel withdrew into
her tents, and left the house of Judah to itself.
Luxury was the moth that fretted even the pur
ple of Jerusalem, and the finger of Jehovah wrote
the verdict — " Scattered ! "
Neverthless, He tempered the wind unto the
sheep thus shorn and driven from the fold, in that
He caused it to be recorded then. " This thing is
of ME " — i. e., it is for a purpose broad as Adam's
fallen race, — and what that purpose was the Race
to whom I write is pregnant with to-day !
Thus the Davidic empire broke in twain, and
for the next 255 years the Hebrews existed as a
dual kingdom.
These two monarchies were as absolutely severed,
and as politically separated, as are France and
Spain to-day, or as England and America, and we
are distinctly told that this check in Israel's career
was an important part of God's own policy toward
the people whom he had chosen to be his agents in
the regeneration of all mankind.
It is in the light of subsequent events alone that
the motif must be sought, nor short of the explana
tion which the Anglo-Saxon descent from Israel

62 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
offers, can any adequate reason be assigned to the
disaster.
The "Stone" Cut Out.
Revolted Israel — the ten-tribed kingdom — wilful
in idolatry, and schismatic in her rulers and religion,
went from bad to worse until the " Sin of Samaria
was full."
During her 255 years of independent existence
(3029-3284 A.M.), this people gradually lost most of
its Mosaic lore, and exchanged the laws of Jehovah
for those of Baal.
Ephraim had thus returned unto his idols, and the
Lord commanded his prophets to " let him alone ! "
Strange counsel maybe, unless we bear in mind
the fact that some diseases best cure themselves by
running through their periods without medicine.
We are perhaps in such a state to-day ; for, nause
ated with the illogical results of the Higher Criti
cism, the people have almost ceased to study the
sacred writings in the spirit of faith, and are doubt
less being prepared to see the truth anew and from
the standpoint hidden from the pulpit.
At any rate this treatment prevailed with
Ephraim, and as a spoiled child, an unruly heifer,
and a silly dove, left temporarily to his own devices
and ruin, the climax of his rebellious fever quickly
followed. Of course, there was no help in Baal, so at last
the crisis came.

CAST OUT BUT NOT FORGOTTEN. 63
The Assyrian descended upon them, and in the
days circa, 3257-3377 A.M., which chronologically
mark the national — origines of Babylon, Persia,
Macedonia, and Rome, the deportation of the now
famous " Lost Tribes " was begun, continued and
accomplished. Four kingdoms arose, and Israel — the fifth king
dom — was " cut out " of Mount Lebanon, and cast
away upon the mountains of Medes !
But God said, Ephraim is " a pleasant child, a
dear son," " how shall I give him up? "
There was no such intention in Jehovah's plans.
Ephraim was the Prodigal Son ; the Saviour's par
able exactly counterparts this incident in Israel's
history. God foresaw his full conversion in the Isles.
No sooner had the captivity been consummated
than a mutual turning of both Ephraim and Jehovah
towards each other was begun. Omniscience had
foreseen and planned the whole incident for won
drous purposes.
Punishment has no other object than to chasten
and reclaim, then use the chosen instrument, retem-
pered in adversity, for grander and more universal
projects among all mankind.
Cast Out but not Forgotten.
Let us select a few plain statements of Hosea
(whose whole book treats exclusively of the inci
dents and motives of this captivity), in order to sub
stantiate our exegesis.

64 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
" Therefore," saith the Lord, " behold I will
hedge up thy way with thorns.
" And make a wall, — that she shall not find her
paths. " And she shall follow after her lovers — but she
shall not overtake them ;
" And she shall seek them — but shall not find
them :
" Then shall she say, I will go and return to my
first husband :
" For then was it better with me than now! "
*******
" Therefore, behold I will allure her,
"And bring her into the wilderness, and speak
comfortably unto her.
"And I will give her vineyards from thence,
" And the valley of Achor for a door of hope.
" And she shall sing there, as in the days of her
youth. " As in the day when she came up out of the land
of Egypt.
"And it shall be at that day," saith the Loid,
" That thou shalt call me Ishi (i. e. my husband):
" And shall call me no more Baali (i. e. my lord).
" For I will take away the names of Baalim out of
her mouth.
" And they shall no more be remembered by th{:ir
name." *******
" And I will sow her unto me in the earth :

CAST OUT BUT NOT FORGOTTEN. 65
" And I will have mercy upon her that had not
bbtained mercy.
"And I will say unto them that were not my peo
ple, Thou art my people :
" And they shall say, Thou art my God."
*******
" My heart is turned within me, — my repentings
are kindled together ;
" I will not execute the fierceness of my anger, —
" I will not return to destroy Ephraim :
" For I am God and not Man — the Holy One in
the midst of thee."
*******
" O Israel, thou hast destroyed thyself — but in me
is thine help.
" I will be thy king — where is there any other
that may save thee in all thy cities ? "
*******
" The iniquity of Ephraim is bound up, his sin is
hid." *******
"O Israel, return unto the Lord thy God: — for
thou hast fallen by thine iniquity :
" I will heal their backsliding — I will love them
freely. " For mine anger is turned away from him.
" I will be as the dew unto Israel :
" He shall grow as a lily, — and cast forth his roots
as Lebanon.
" His branches shall spread.

66 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
" And his beauty shall be as the olive tree, and
his smell as Lebanon.
" They that dwell under his shadow shall return ;
" They shall revive as the corn, and grow as the
vine: " The scent thereof shall be as the wine of Leba
non. " Ephraim shall say, ' What have I to do any
more with idols.'
" I have heard him and observed him :
"I am like a green fir tree. From me is thy fruit
found. " Whoso is wise — and he shall understand these
things. " Prudent — and he shall know them.
" For the ways of the Lord are right, and the just
shall walk in them.
" But the transgressors shall fall therein."
Wrhat lover ever wrote with more passionate com
passion than is written here to us f
But to return to the days of Israel's captivity.
They went out desolate, with none to help them,
for they had forsaken God, and dreamed not of his
tender mercies. They drank unto its dregs the cup
which they had filled, and bade farewell — a parting
not yet terminated — to the pleasant land of Leba
non. But the Holy One of Israel went with them,
though he walked unseen.

THE FIVE EMPIRES. 6j
The Four Kingdoms and the Fifth.
Let it now be noted that it was to be in these
very days, as Daniel announces, that God was also
to set up the origine of "the Stone Kingdom,"
which at the termination of the times of the Gentile
is yet to succeed to the fourfold image of man's
futile empire.
It was to be small at first and very insignificant ;
erected as it were without the help of human hands,
or rather even in spite of them, for if we judge as
men are prone to do, it seems as if the Kingdom of
Israel had been plucked up by the Assyrians and
blotted out.
It has required more than a score of centuries for
the world to perceive that Assyria was merely an
agent in Jehovah's hand, and was simply charged
with transplanting Israel to the borders of a wilder
ness wherein God's own ulterior purposes were to
be set in operation.
Soon after this transfer came the fall of Assyria
and the revolt of Media, and ere the Medes and
Persians reappeared upon the stage as principals in
the human drama " ISRAEL " had disappeared !
But she had merely walked into the waste places
where her God could plead with her alone, and bet
ter mould the mountain as it grew ; for such indeed
was the unpretentious birth of the Kingdom set up
by the God of Heaven.
The chronological chart of history will be scanned

68 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
across in vain to find that other than these four
great empires took their rise at this important era,
or that other than Israel, the Ten-Tribed Kingdom,
was cut out of any national mountain which could, as
the fifth and final monarchy of earth, have had
aught in common with the Seed of Abraham, and
with what concerns the promise made him by Jeho
vah. Nor could the era chosen for this deportation
have been more beautifully adjusted to circum
stances calculated to further God's remote inten
tions. It was not only necessary to remove Israel to far
off lands, but so to ordain or take advantage of the
subsequent events of general history as to afford
special and local opportunities for her more quiet
disappearance from thence into a wilderness beyond.
Nor was it until fully steeped with oblivion as to
her own lofty origin that the Spirit of God moved
upon the face of the waters, which soon engulfed
her, and bade new continents appear whereon a bet
ter covenant might rest.
Hence, in the shortly succeeding revolt of Media
from Assyria, which followed immediately upon the
murder of Sennacherib, and which God brought
about within a decade after its original subjugation
(vide Study No. 2, page 150), these deported tribes
escaped themselves from Media, whence their exit
was relief, and from Assyria, whose shackles had
been loosened,

THE FIVE EMPIRES. 69
They were not even missed, for all the world was
crazed with war and busy with its own affairs.
" Speechless they stood
And stricken as if every peal announced
The crash of worlds * *
And for one dreadful hour, one of heaven's hours,
None from his seat arose, or station stirr'd
Or moved his lip or trembled. Terror froze
Their hearts insensible, until a sound,
More terrible than thunder, vibrated
Through every spirit, Jehovah's awful laugh,
Mocking their fears and scorning their designs,
The laughter of Eternal Love incensed.
It pass'd ; and then as suddenly the sky
Was clear."
This was God's awful Passover among the nations,
and when the morning dawned " Israel," cut out,
had disappeared ! Her greater exodus was through
the mountains of the Caucasus — the pass of Dariel
and by the fortress still called the " Gate of Israel."
And as they passed they became lost to records ;
that is, consecutiye history, both secular and sacred,
lost them in the northern wilderness, even as Egypt
for a time had lost them through the sea.
But were they lost to Abraham and to the Prom
ise? Did they pcn'sk in the wilderness?
Then from the dust of each of those who fell,
there sprang ten thousand Scuits, and Scots, and
Scythians, and Cymri-Saxons, called indeed " in
Isaac's namely For immediately, and in this very
locality the hordes of " stone-men " (i. e. Saxons)

70 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
began to appear, and from thence, westward, the
course of true " Empire " took its certain way.
They were the sons of God, self-styled, or Gothei.
In the wreck of things they had preserved but
one idea, the unit)- of God, from whose recognized
paternity, they might not wrench themselves.
In it they trusted thenceforth, and born anew
with such a creed at heart, they were prepared
to recognize the Son of God himself, who came in
time to find these "lost sheep " of his Father's
flock. Nor were they hard to find, although in apostolic
times they seemed to have lost every conscious trace
of that form whence they had been hewn.
Yet none the less in every form their many
names reflect the one of " Ammi," and in their new
identity, for temporarily they have a double one,
they cling to its significance !
Thus in God's providence was Israel's little king
dom set up in the days of origines ; and thereafter,
free forever from all Gentile sway, they sought the
Isles where Empire is to stay.
Remarkable Geographical Philology.
In the very centre of Palestine — the land of
Isaac's sons — from which these Ten Tribes had
been deported, lay the tribal inheritance or State of
" Issachar! " And in the very centre of this inheri
tance stretches the already famous, and yet to be
more famous Battle-plains of Jezreel, or Esdraelon,

geographical philology. 71
There, south of lovely Hermon's lesser range, lay the
city of Bethshan.
Why was it also called in elder days Scythopolisf
There, east of dread Gilboa's giddy heights, lay
Succoth — the city of the Scoths or Scots, or " dwell
ers in Booths," so named in commemoration of
those early Scots, or "wanderers " under Moses, —
nay, earlier named by Jacob who called himself
a Syrian — the synonym of " Scythian," and a wan
derer, and founded Succoth when he returned from
Padan-aram. Succoth is to-day called Sak-ut !
There, too, a few miles further to south, lay the
City of " Issackar," quite as phonetic in its Saxon
suggestions as the others.
Is there nothing remarkable in this galaxy of
names and roots, — ancient, mediaeval, and modern,
— all occurring within a radius of five Anglo-Saxon
miles in that very region whence " the wandering
race " set out upon its final pilgrimage, and whither
they must yet return ?
This region was the " objective point " of every
ancient invasion of the Holy Land. It was central,
fertile, broad, and of easy access. Especially in all
operations of Eastern Armies it became the final
base of internal operations.
So too at the termination of such operations it
was the place of concentration and departure.
And here it was that Israel in chains, had seen the
last of her native land.
The ruins of these cities exist to-day. They lie

72 the philosophy of history.
there sconced among the so-called " Mountains of
Israel," in the very site whence the then but lit
tle " Stone Kingdom " was so marvellously " cut
out. These facts are new to the theory which they
support, and they lend to it a credence far too
weighty to be lightly put aside. They are of vast
moment in tracing the Saxon genesis and point us
to the Rock whence we are hewn, if we be worthy
of such lofty genealogy.
Yes, new to-day upon the true mosaic of the
page of history- — but the day will come when they
shall be very old, and for Armageddon's battle,
very famous. Israel Redivivus.
But the centuries rolled on, and we must hasten
with them.
Ring down the curtain then, and shift the scenes.
Return we to our modern standpoint whence to
catch the vista in reverse.
Appear Herodotus — the Father of History, and
all the secular college that sit at his feet.
He tells us that, in his day (450 B. C.), a warlike,
virtuous, and powerful race, called the Cumbri,
lived around the northern coasts of the Black Sea,
and centrally at the Crimea. The Russian muse
ums of to-day are filled with the undoubtedly
Hebrew relics of this people. By a strange coinci
dence the first great Anglo-Russian war, which had

Israel redivivus. 73
its origin in disputes about Jerusalem, was finally
settled in this very region !
Herodotus further tells us that this people had
originally come from Media, the which he adds,
however, had not been their birthplace, and he puts
them there, in Media, i. e. as sojourners only, circa
600 B. C.
Whence came they into Media ?
Who were they ? for they have many names, and
are mysterious in history ?
Assyrian Testimony.
In the explorations of Assyria, the tablets of Tig-
lath-Pileser, Sargon, and Shalmaneser, have been dis
covered. These corroborate the scriptural account
of Israel's deportation. They are now in the Brit
ish Museum. To quote but little from the story of
the monuments, one of them reads to this effect.
" I, Shalmaneser, descended upon the cities of
Samaria," " and took captive the Beth Khumree.'1
" I left none of them," " 27,280 families," " I put
them in the cities of the Medes."
The tablets of all these conquerors refer to Israel
under the name of Beth Khumree — Kumri, Cumri,
or Omri.
Now, Omri was that king of Israel who built the
chief or capital city of Samaria, and did most to
corrupt and centralize this schismatic people.
The city is known to us by the Greek name of
the Land itself — to wit : Samaria ; but it was known

74 THE PHILOSOPHY of history.
to the Babylonians and Assyrians as Khumree.
Thus : to them Khumree was the capital of Beth
Khumree, just as Samaria was the capital of Samaria
to us.
In this connection we should also note that
Omri, the great king of Israel, from whom it thus
took its Assyrian name, was originally a Captain of
the tribe of Issachar to whose central location in
the land of Isaac we have already invited attention.
This tribe of Issachar has a most weighty bearing
upon Israel and her many names, as may be plainly
see.n. Beth is the Hebrew for house ; Cumri is the same
for priest of Baal ; also a very significant deriva
tion, since it was for Baal or Druidic worship, that
the Lord cast Israel out !
Forging the Chain of Evidence.
The Bible sends Israel into captivity for the sin
of Samaria. They were Cymri — hence God cast
them out.
Tiglath-Pileser, Sargon, and Shalmaneser, all knew
these people as the " House of Baal " or the Khum
ree. Herodotus preserves this name, Cumbri, which
links their history, and traces them to where with
united testimony both the Scriptures and the mon
uments place them.
Sharon Turner, " the father of Anglo-Saxon histo
ry," working backward from the western isles, shows

THE OVERLAND ROUTE. 75
us that the Angles, Jutes, Saxons, Danes and
Normans were all kindred, all Cimri, all Scythians,
all Scots, all from the Crimea, and the Asian Minor
and Black Sea region of Herodotus !
The Overland Route.
Little by little the centre of their civilization
worked its way across Europe, " setting up way
marks " as they went, and as they were commanded,
like as "Jack" — the very nickname for Isaac, and
the patronymic of our own section of the Race it
self — did with* his " bag of beans," in the legend
which our Anglo-Saxon ancestors carried with them
into England.
Here and there they rested upon the banks of its
many rivers. And recalling there — these weary
pilgrims in that northern wilderness, with no Sinai,
and devoid of Pillar as a guide — the peaceful Jor
dan, " River of Descent," that still flowed placidly
between its fallowing banks so far away, they strove
perhaps to keep alive the fast fading legends of
their own most lofty pedigree.
But " Israel " had plunged into the Celtic stream
as soon as she had passed the " Gate of Dariel," and
pari passu with her progress west, she lost her own
identity. Not so, however, did the Spirit of Prophecy
which had foreseen the end from the beginning,
lose sight of " Ephraim."
Nor need the children of this " wayward son "

76 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
experience an insurmountable difficulty in their
efforts to unravel the story of their past.
For instance : in discussing the changes in the
names of the tribes who peopled Britain, Yeatman,
in his " Shemetic Origin " (page 208), codifies a por
tion of the testimony; we quote the whole chapter
as follows :
" But if the derivation of one word from another
is a difficult matter to determine, there are some
changes which maybe attested by witnesses of such
a character that we cannot well dispute their
authority ; and in endeavoring to trace the tribes
who settled in England from the northeast, or
rather from the north and east, to their original
homes in Asia, it will be necessary to show the
changes which have been made in their names —
changes which arise sometimes from their advent
into a new country, and sometimes, perhaps, by the
mere lapse of time.
Thus we find that the Galli or Gael, who kept
the name of Gaul in France, retains the Latin name
Gael in Scotland only, assumes the Greek form Kelt
in Ireland, Welsh and Cornish in the west of
England, and Angle in middle and east Eng
land. The Jute or Goth of England went through no
fewer nor less important changes, and we must
trace him in turn through the varieties, Jute, Goth,
Getse, Massagetse, Gothones, Guthes, Skuthes,

THE OVERLAND ROUTE. JJ
Scythae. This is obviously, therefore, a generic, and
not a tribal name. So, again, by a tribal name of
these same Goths, Dannan in Ireland, Dani in Scan
dinavia and England, and also in Ireland Daci,
Thraci, Scythae. And again, Dani, Doni, Donian,
Caledonian, Macedonian, Dones, Tones, Teutones,
etc. So Cymry in Wales to Cimbri in Scandinavia,
Cambri and Sicambri, Cimmerii, and, like Daci, to
Thraci and Scythae. So Sassen, Saxon, Axon,
Ambrones, Sassones, Sacae, Scythae. So Scythae to
Scotas. So the Goths became Jutes, Whites, Fights, Ficti,
Picti each in their turn. Perhaps it will be best to
reverse the order and trace these names from the
Scythians, the name by which they were called
before we knew them.
First, then, to prove that the Scythians and
Goths, or Getae, are identical. Herodotus, writing
450 B.C., at a time when the change had not been
so far distant but that the truth might be known
distinctly, avers that the Goths or Getae are the
Scythians. Strabo, Pliny, Ptolemy all rank the
Getae as Scythians. Thucydides (ii. 96) mentions
the Scythians in connection with the Getae in
Greece. Tragus, who flourished fifty years B.C.,
says Tannas, king of the most ancient Scythae,
fought with Vexores, king of Egypt. Valerius
Flaccus (lib. v.) calls this first-named king, King of
the Getae.
Trebellius Pollio : "In Galliem Scythae autem id

78 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
est pars Gothorum Asiam vastabant id a Claudio
Gothico Scytharum diverse populi Pincini Truhengi
Austro-Gothis praedae."
Dexipus (who Grotius asserts wrote in the reign
of Gallienus) entitled his work the " History of the
Wars between the Romans and the Gotho-Scythic
Nations." Priscus uses the words as if synonymous.
Goropius called the Goths whom Valens placed in
Maesia, Scythians ; they were afterwards called
Maeso-Goths, or Massagetae.
Procopius (temp. Justinian) writes " of all the
other Gothic nations, who were also called Scyth
ians in ancient times."
Anastatius in Hist. Chronograph: "When many
Scythians, who are called Goths, had passed the
river Ister in the time of Decius, they wasted the
Roman Empire."
Ammianus Marcellinus (lib. xxxi.), recording the
death of Decius, calls the Goths " Scythae."
Theophanes, writing A.D. 300 : " For that the
Scythians in their own tongue are called Goths."
Trajanus Patricius states the same thing in his
history of his own time.
Georgius Symmachus : " The Scythians are also
called Goths in their own language."
Jornandes speaks of the Goths, Getae, and Scyth
ians as the same people.
Isidorus, in his chronicle of the Goths in Spain,
thus writes; — "Gothorum antiquissimum esse

THE OVERLAND ROUTE. 79
regnun certum ut quod ex regno Scytharum est
exortum." Procopius (lib. i. c. 2) says the whole Scythae
were anciently called Getic nations ; and he calls
the Fcederati, so well known in the Lower Empire,
Goths ; Suidas calls them Scythae.
Most, if not all of these authorities are taken
from the valuable work of Pinkerton, which con
tains a mine of wealth upon the subject. That
writer is little noticed now, but nearly every histo
rian has utilized his labors, which were immense,
and his work is logically correct, though his deduc
tions are absurd. His great object was to prove
that the modern Germans were identical with the
Goths. He only proved the identity of the ancient
Germans, of which there can be no doubt, for all
historians unite in asserting that the so-called Ger*
man tribes were Galatae or Keltae. Modern re
search, and especially Dr. R. G. Latham, has proved
that the modern Germans are not relatives in blood
to their predecessors of the same name, but are of
Sarmatian origin. With all his learning and powers
of discrimination, Pinkerton fails to understand this
fact, hence his labors were useless for the object he
had in view.
That the Goths and Getae are identical, many
writers combine to prove. So clearly is it es
tablished that there can be no rational doubt
about it.
Suidas, a Greek writer of the tenth or eleventh

80 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
century; states that Dio, writing 230 A.D., called his
history of the Goths " Geticon."
Spartianus (writing about A.D. 300), Vita Cara-
calla, " Gothi Getae dicerentur," Hist. Ang. Scrip.,
p. 419 ; and in his life of Aristum Gela (p. 427) he
writes, " Geticus quasi Gothicus."
Claudian, in his poem on the Gothic war, calls it
"De Bello Getico."
Sidonius Apollinaris in the fifth century calls the
Goths, Getae, and the Ostrogoths, Massagetae.
Ausonius (Idyl. 8) speaks of the Getis.
Orosius (lib. i. c. 6), " Getae qui et nunc Gothi."
St. Jerome (Epis. ad Galat.) says the Goths were
anciently called Getae.
Eunodius, in his panegyric to Theodoricus, king
of the Goths, calls his people Getici.
Procopius, temp. Justinian, says that the Goths
are a Getic race.
Jornandes entitled his history " De Getarum sive
Gothorum." Isidore Origines (lib. xx. c. 2) says the Getae and
the Goths are the same.
That the Getae were Thracians. Dr. R. G.
Latham asserts this to be the case.
Voconius, Ovid, and Strabo all assert that the
Thracians and the Getae spoke the same language.
Ihre proves that the Getae and the Thracians were
known by each other's names. Of course this may
be taken with the limit that the Getae were only a
portion of the Thracians.

THE OVERLAND ROUTE. 8 1
Strabo (lib. vii. c. 3, s. 2), " The Greeks consider
the Getae to be Thracians."
Herodotus (iv. 93), " The Getae are the most val
iant and just of the Thracians."
Menander writes, "All the Thracians truly, and
especially above all the Getae (for I myself glory in
being descended from the race)," etc.
The Getae were living side by side with the Daci,
not only in Thrace but along the whole course of
the Danube, and even in Scandinavia. Strabo
asserts that they spoke the same language in Thrace
(lib. vii. c. 3, s. 12) as undoubtedly they did in Den
mark, and that they were the same people. That
the Daci and the Dani are the same people is clear
from Denmark having been anciently called Dacia.
Dacia is, in fact, Thrace, so called by people who
were unable to pronounce the theta.
Sir Isaac Newton (Chron., p. 1 125) writes, " The
ancient inhabitants of Dacia (Transylvania, Mol
davia, and Wallachia) were called Getae by the
Greeks, Daci by the Latins and Goths by them
selves," — (" Sons of God ! " ).
There can be no doubt that the Daci or Dani, as
well as the Getae or Gothi, were all of the race
called Cimbri. The Cimbri were also Cimmerii,
and so of Thracian origin also, or the Thracians
were Cimmerians, it matters not which.
The Thracians were the widely extended race
called the Pelasgi, a name which it is asserted is
taken from the Stork, and means, like Scythian, a

82 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
wandering nomadic race. It is clear from Homer
that active communications were established be
tween the Thracians and the Trojans, who were
probably of Pelasgic race. The Thracians were
anciently called Peske and Aria, which would inti
mate an Asiatic origin connected with those districts.
In the Trojans, Mysians, Maconians, Mygdonians,
Dolconians, Daci, Bibrice, Scordisci, Edones, Estae,
Cicones, and other Thracian races, may readily be
traced tribes connected with the Cimbri and with
Britain. The Cicones, who were also Galai and Briantes
(British tribes had the same name), fought with
Ulysses after the fall of Troy ; and it is asserted
that the Cimmerian Briges of Thrace went into
Asia Minor and became the Phrygians. They were
the Brigantes of Britain.
The chief part of European Scythia, which in
cludes Thrace, had been possessed by the Cimmer
ians. They possessed all the land on the south of
ancient Scythia, about the Tyra and the Danube.
On the banks of the Tyra lay the monuments of
the Cimmerii who had fallen in the great conflict
with the Scythians.
That the Cimbri were the same as the Cimmerii
is asserted by Plutarch, who states that it is related
that the Cimbri and the Cimmerii were the same
people (Vita C. Marius). He also affirms that the
Teutones, Cimbri, and other nations who were
banded together were all called Celto-Scythian.

THE OVERLAND ROUTE. 83
Strabo (lib. vii. c. 2, s. 2) states that the Greeks
called the Cimbri, Cimmerii.
Herodotus (iv. 13) cites Aristeas the Preconosian,
who lived before Homer, in proof that the Cimmerii
lived on the South Sea till pushed forward by the
Scythae, and he states that they were in Europe
before the Scythians, who subsequently occupied
their territory. The whole of the nations north of
the Greeks were at one time called by them Thra
cians, including the Cimmerii, and the Cimbric
Chersonesus was at one time called the Taurica or
Thracian Chersonese. That portion of the Cim
merii who lived near the Palus Maeotis invaded
Asia Minor, 1284 B.C., and in 624 B.C. they seized
the kingdom of Cyaxares, but after being masters of
it for twenty-eight years they were driven back by
Alyattes, king of Lydia. About 665 B.C. they were
driven out of the Crimea by Scythian hordes, in all
probability the ancestors of the Saxons, then called
the Sacae. It was then called the Chersonesus
Scythica. Soon, or after this date, the Cimmerii
disappear from history, probably to emerge again
as the Cimbri of Scandinavia. In 629 B.C. they
took the city of Sardis.
That the Cimmerii or Cimbri were Kelts, is
proved by the fact that Homer places them where
other writers place the Kelts. Apion, a celebrated
historian, born in Egypt in the reign of Trajan, dis
tinctly calls them Kelts (De Bello Civ., lib. i. p. 265),
and again (in Illyr., p. 1 196) he writes of " those

84 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
Kelts who are called Cimbri." Dion Cassius speaks
of them as Gauls. Plutarch and Lucan call the
slave who was ordered to slay Marius both a Gaul
and a Cimbrian. This, of course, was after their
journey through Gaul. Posidonius, Strabo, and
Plutarch assert that the Cimbri or Cimmerii came
from the German Ocean to the Euxine.
Sallust and Cicero point to Gaul as the home of
the Cimbri. Caesar fixes them south of the Marne
and the Seine (Bello Galli., lib. i. i. lib. ii. 4).
Diodorus Siculus deals with them as a Gaulish
people (s. 32). Strabo, who only wrote from hear
say, places them between the Rhine and the Elbe.
Velleius Patercules had learnt something more ; he
calls them Gallic, and puts them beyond the Rhine.
Ptolemy pushes them northwards ; and Pliny, whose
knowledge was more extended (iv. s. 28), states that
they were as far northwards as Norway.
Appian states that the Teutones, as well as the Am-
brones who accompanied the Cimbri, were also Kelts.
Plutarch relates that the war-cry of the Ambrones
was similar to that of the Ligurians, as both found
to their surprise ; and the Ligurians were undoubt
edly a Keltic race.
Dr. Latham considers them of the Gaulish rather
than the Gothic branch.
Ariovisti spoke Gallic to the Romans, who under
stood it.
Mallet writes, " Les Celts ont ete connus ancien-
nement sous le nom general de Scythes."

THE OVERLAND ROUTE. 85
Aristotle calls the British tin Celtic.
Niebuhr attributes to Johannes Miiller consider
able credit for having proved the Cimbri to be Celts
(Lecture on ancient Ethnography, 1853, ii. 326).
Mr. H. L. Long considers the Cymry as the first
wave in the tide of the human race, which, rolling
continuously from Asia and the East, reached
eventually the coast of Britain.
Zeuss proves that the language of the Gauls and
the ancient Britons, or the Cymry, was identical,
with only dialectical differences ; and philologists
generally agree in attributing the Cymric language
to the Belgae. That this was akin to the Gaelic
branch is admitted by the Irish Kelts, who allege
that all the people who invaded Ireland spoke the
same language (Canon U. J. Bourke).
We see from the accumulated testimony of
Homer, Appian, Posidonius, Strabo, Plutarch,
Sallust, Cicero, Caesar, Diodorus Siculus, Velleius
Paterculus, Ptolemy, Pliny, Dion Cassius, and Lu-
can, that the Cimbri who descended upon Italy
about 100 B.C. came through Gaul, and the country
they possessed above Gaul is bounded by Caesar
southward of the Marne and the Seine, by Strabo
westward of the Elbe, and by successive writers,
as their acquaintance grew, up to Norway on
the north. In fact, each writer places them as
far north as he knows anything of the Northern
country, thus undoubtedly identifying them with
Scandinavia and the Norsemen ; and they concur

86 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
in stating they came down to Italy from the
north. Ihre remarks that the ancients comprised all the
people in the oblique ascent from the Caspian to
the farthest point of Scandinavia under the general
name of Scythians : and our own Bede calls Scandi
navia, Scythia. Their own traditions prove that
they originally came from the south. According to
the Gothic annals, the first migration came to
Scandinavia in the time of Serug, great-grandfather
of Abraham, under their king, Eric. The Welsh
records relate that they came from the summer
country. The chronicles of the Swedish kings com
mence with a people on the banks of the Tanners-
quil, Dannerstrom, or Danube, who were governed
by Odin. The Icelandic Eddas and Sagas state
that Odin, the great god of the Scandinavian Goths,
led his people into Scandinavia from Scythia on
the Dannerstrom.
Herodotus, who lived some four hundred years
before the Cimbric invasion of Italy, places the
Getae on the south of the Danube, and the Scythae
on the other side ; the Tyssa Getae north of the
Euxine (lib. iv. s. 121), and in the heart of Scythia
(s. 1 1) ; the Massagetae, on the north and east of
the Caspian ; Pliny and Strabo all over the west of
the Euxine ; and the latter through half of Ger
many, thus fully corroborating the native tradi
tions. It may be asked how it is that a nation is known

STILL ON— A WANDERING RACE. 87
at one time as the Cimbri, at another as the Scyth
ians, at others as the Getae, the Keltae, the Galli,
the Daci, the Dani, the Gothi, the Saca;, the Saxoni,
Scandinavian, Norsemen, Teutones. It would
seem that there are two reasons which can be given.
Although this people (call them Kelts if you will)
have that general appellation, yet they are a confed
eration of many tribes, each of which has a distinct
name of its own ; and that many of these names
are variations of one and the same, whilst others
differ because, perhaps, as it was a Keltic custom in
time of war to choose one leader over all, his name,
or rather the name of his tribe, became for the
time the name of the whole clan, thus Omri —
Khumree, Cymri. So at one time they are
Cimbri, at another Ambrones or Saxons ; now
Scythae or Skuthes to the Greeks, and Goths or
Getae to the Latins. The mode is explained by
Salmasius (De Lege Helenes, p. 368). Skuthes,
Sguthes ; dropping the s, Guthes, Gethes, Gothes,
are the same words, s in Greek being but a servile
letter, and may be omitted at pleasure, as Skimbri
for Kimbri ; so that Goths, Getae, Scythae, Sacae,
Saxones, etc., are all one and the same name."
Thus far the quotation from Mr. Yeatman, begun
upon page 76, and which from corroborated authors
might be swollen into whole volumes.
Still On— A Wandering Race.
On, thus, by all the Dons and Dans of early Euro-

88 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
pean Geography, and naming them, as it moved
towards the ocean, this stream of pilgrimage de
scended, ploughing its way through the Celtic flood
which had preceded it, and pioneered by sons of
Dan, until at last it paused awhile in the Kymbric
Chersonesus, and on the shores of Denmark — Dan's
last resting place.
In the royal museum of Copenhagen there is, and
has been for more than 275 years, a golden trumpet
known throughout Denmark as the " Danish
Horn." This remarkable relic is said to be a genuine
trumpet of Zion. Its weight is 102 ounces, and it
measures two feet nine inches in length.
The surrounding circumstances, its lily and pome
granate chasing,, and the tracing of its Hebrew in
scription, strongly sustain the position, and up to
the present time there has not been the slightest
scientific doubt as to the genuineness of this relic.
This trumpet was discovered partly concealed in
the ground, by a farmer's daughter in 1630, in the
diocese of Rypeny.
How did it find its way from Jericho to Jutland?
It came with Dan across the continent !
But these wayworn pilgrims, trending ever west
ward, lost and left it there — a " way mark " eloquent
in silence, — for taking ships again they were at
home once more upon the sea, and ploughed the
English channel, free at last to reach their " little
sanctuary," and dwell alone in safety.

upon eagle's wings. 89
Dan and His Ships.
But it was only a very small portion of Dan that
took this weary overland journey to the land of
Britham, which is the Hebrew for " Covenant! "
These were of that small colony that had gone
north before the days of Solomon to hew the cedars
of Lebanon, and the oaks of Bashan for Dan's
navies, and had been caught there, when the
Assyrian came down upon the straying fold of
Israel. The bulk of Dan's tribe was, in those days, upon
the sea, and when the Ten Tribed Kingdom fell,
of which they were a part, they escaped in their
ships. Their base of operations was at once transferred
from Joppa to their several distant colonies.
Chief among these were those of Ireland, where,
long before, the Tuatha de Danaans had already
settled and grown mighty.
On, through the Gates of Hercules, and out into
the Western Sea, these earliest of pioneers had
sought new waters for adventure.
Iceland, Greenland, even America were not un
known to them, nor were the golden halls of Monte
zuma left wholly out. of their wild tales of Ro
mance. Indeed, if we follow the investigations of
Manasseh Ben-Israel, even Peru contributed her
treasures to the Temple of Solomon.
Dan lived in ships ; the ocean was his safe retreat ;

90 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
adventure was the spirit of his life ; to pioneer his
mission, and to plant the flag of Israel's empire
round the world, his well earned reward.
Meath.
But here again Phonetic Hebrew, taken from the
text itself, and treasured in the very place-name of
" the little sanctuary " that Israel found in distant
isles, comes to our aid with remarkable force.
In the eleventh chapter of Ezekiel the Prophet is
informed (vs. 15-16), that although "Israel" had
been driven out by " Judah " with a view to her
obliteration, God had by no means lost sight of her,
but had promised her the perpetual aegis of his
protection. It has been suggested to the writer by one to
whom he owes many interesting identities, that
perhaps to the Hebrew adjective, oj»d, here so
pointedly used (for " little, " and pronounced meat,
the final / having the value of th, — hence meath),
we may trace the original name of that particular
county, or kingdom, of Ireland where Dan already
was, — MEATH, — and to the Capital of which,—
TARA, — the Royal Remnant of Judah was also
soon to be gathered.
It was indeed " a meath sanctuary " (v. 16), situ
ated upon the very " border of Israel " (v. 10),
and to it in due time, for special judgment, as reiter
ated in v. II, the several " Remnants " came (v. 13).
But to return to the days that marked the begin-

THE LOST TRIBES OF ISRAEL. 9I
nings of these judgments ultimately to be changed
into blessings for the entire human race :
The Lost Tribes of Israel.
The Ten Tribes of Israel were " lost" to the
chroniclers of sacred and secular history, as they
passed through the gate of the Caucasus, and en
tered into the northern wilderness beyond. And
there, too, we will leave them in the wilds awhile,
led on by Ephraim, with whom God declared that
he would ultimately plead, as with a son, — " a dear
son," one no longer cast away, — and whom he
swore to regather into final favor, even in spite of
himself, and in a manner that he wot not of.
There are stranger things in Saxon history than
are dreamed of in the boldest flights of human phi
losophy and imagination, and " Israel " went out to
keep a tryst with God as surely as she did in earlier
days when journeying toward Sinai.
The prophecy of Hosea, and the books of Esdras
should be read in this connection ; indeed the bulk
of Hebrew prophecy is occupied with the fate and
future circumstances of this henceforth missing
people. So much so that hitherto, and so long
hereafter as the subsequent ignorance of their fate
and lack of interest in their rediscovery continues,
these books find few perusers and fewer still who
understand them.
Their exodus from Palestine via Media, at this
important juncture in man's affairs, synchronizes, as

92 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
we have elsewhere shown, with the rise of the four
Gentile empires, which were in turn to essay the
problem of human government — and which in turn
have failed to compass it.
In the meanwhile it was expressly predicted both
by the earlier and later prophets that a period of
seven " times " (well known to have signified 7 x 360
= 2520 years) was to pass over "Israel" ere her
incognito should be penetrated, and — she having
already resumed her place of prominence among
the nations, — ere her sons should be fully recog
nized by every one as the manifested " Sons of
God." It has been a long waiting period, but one
not without many remarkable parallels in the his
tory of God's dealing with the seed of Abraham.
This apparent exit of the major part of God's chosen
people from the stage of international politics is as
remarkable as it is complete, while their actual
growth in power and influence among the nations
s>f the earth, which since that day has been un
decked, is even more astonishing.
But this blindness, both of " Israel" and of Gen-
¦tie nations as to " Israel " is not to be final.
Of this we are assured if we but scan the outlines
( their destiny as laid down in the prophecies.
For in the place where they were cast away as
not my people (" Lo-Ammi "), even in the islands
of the North and West, there they are, according
to the same scriptures, to take upon themselves a
new name and be called at length the " Sons of

THE LOST TRIBES OF ISRAEL. 9J
God "(" Ammi ") as well as Saxons — or the Sons
of Isaac !
There they were to stammer till they learned a
new language, but a better one,
" For English is the human voice ! "
And strangely here the very text of the Bible
comes to our aid, in that the Hebrew word trans
lated " stammering" in our version is just that one
which has given Commentators no end of trouble,
whereas, if instead of guessing at the meaning they
had rendered the original, we should have had an
identity upon the very surface of the Bible capable
of silencing ipso facto every philologic difficulty
that centres round the demonstration of our true
descent! Language is no test of race ; it demonstrates
contact only but not origin, and here in plain lan
guage we have the Spirit tell us that,
" With GAELIC lip, and with another (unknown)
tongue will I speak unto this people ! " (Isa. xxviii.
»)• The Hebrew word V? Laeg or Leag, here em
ployed, conceals, in a manner quite common to the
deeper cabalistic uses of the language * the modern
name of the very " lip " or speech for which we
have exchanged our ancient one ; for when studied
* Compare the well known play upon the words Laban and
Nabal, which reverse each other (Gen. xxiv. 29; 1 Sam. xxv. 25).

94 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
in all its aspects, and stammered at as it were in
various ways, behold, upon reversing it, the riddle
solved — Gael !
There, too, they were to be accepted in the bonds
of a far better covenant, and there is but one other
of which Isaac, their ancestral godfather, was the
special type !
Gaels from Galilee.
" We know that the Hebrews differed among
themselves in dialect, as in the case of the Ephra-
imites and of the Galileans, showing that even thus
early they corrupted their speech by contact with
other people. The number of languages must have
been either in accordance with the number of
nations, or of families, or of individuals. Of the
first, there were sixteen, and about seventy families.
"The Irish traditions (Milesian Story) curiously
seem to confirm the latter theory, for it is stated
that Gaelic was derived from seventyftwd) lan
guages."* " There is little doubt," says Yeatman, " that Pales
tine is the cradle of the Gael, for, amongst other di
visions, it contained an Upper and a Lower Galilee,
and a Gaulonitis ; and above, to the north, is Galatia.
Here, too, is to be found Gadeses (whence, later,
*Septuagint! The very number, by the way, of the transcribers
of the Hebrew Scriptures into Greek, from which possibly, not the
tradition is taken, but the number of translators selected, for a com
mon reason.

GAELS FROM GALILEE. Q$
western Gades or Cadiz), probably the original
form of the name Gadhelion, so well known amongst
us." It was perhaps from their familiarity with these
names that " Israel," while in. Media, taught even
the Armenians of those days to call themselves
"Gaels by the Sea, or Galileans;" or else, as
already intimated (page 76) it was a common Celtic
designation, and therefore naturally found wher
ever the Keltic or Chetic, i.e. the Hittite, stream of
population flowed.
" That the Gallic or Gaelic is a dialect of the
primary language of Asia, has received the sanction
of that celebrated philologist, the late Professor
Murray, and in his prospectus of the ' Philosophy
of Language ' he states ' that the Celts were the
aborigines of Europe, and their language the aborig
inal one.' Hence it is that it is found to underlie
all the civilized languages of Europe, and, in fact, to
be the basis of the dominant ^languages of the
world. Like the country from which it comes, it is
at the same time Gael and Punic, Pelasgian and
Etruscan, Latin and Greek, and, as we shall pres
ently show, it is also Cymric, Gothic, and English.
" But are there no means of bridging over the gulf
which separates Galilee from the British Isles ? —
nothing to show by which route the Gael arrived ?
Certainly by careful attention every step of the way
may be indicated by the names of places along the
route — that is, of one route, for the Gael came by

96 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
land as well as by sea. He came along the Mediter
ranean round to Genoa and Marseilles, and then
across France by the Loire and the Garonne, till he
reached the English Channel, and was quickly trans
ported over to the Land of Tin ; and he undoubtedly
entered Ireland through England, as unquestionably
he also reached Ireland by sea — that is, through the
Straits of Hercules and from Cadiz — and overflowed
again into Britain through Scotland, meeting once
more in the heart of Britain, as his kindred branch,
the Cymric, met in the heart of Italy." — Yeatman.
From such a fountain therefore, and out of such
another Gaelic stream, it was, that " Israel " de
rived her " stammering tongue ; " no wonder that
her children lost their way, and finally, were " lost "
themselves, to Judah left behind !
But the days of their concealment have transpired,
and, no longer wholly lost, they stand once more
before the curtain, manifested in a glare of light.
They are identified by language, by religion and
by inheritance ; by geographical way-marks, by race
proclivities, and by prophecies fulfilled.
They bear the sign of the cross not only on their
foreheads but, like as it was made above the heads
of Ephraim and Manasseh when Jacob blessed and
adopted them, so too to-day it marks the centre of
their very name — Saxon — and baptizes them as
veritable sons of him who was the very Son of God.
As truly as they are called in his name Christians
so truly are they called in Isaac's Saxons.

GAELS FROM GALILEE. 97
And they have always called themselves the
" Sons of God."
Ortellius says, " The ten tribes went north and
west of Media, to a country called Arsareth, where
on entering they took the name of Gau-thei" or
GOTHS, i. e. Gau or Ga, " the Sons, or people,"
Thei " of God!"
Rome knew them, and their leader, Alaric — " the
Scourge of God ! "
The Get^e were the same people, i. e. the Deci,
or DACI, from deka, Ten, the number of their tribes!
In " the Isles " they called themselves the GA-ELS,
Wa-ELS, and the An-Ga-ELS, names all derived
from Gdedel " sons of God," like Goths from
Gauthei. And their generic name to-day — " Englishmen "
or An-ga-el-ish-men is rich unto redundancy in its
subtle references to these predictions. It may be
freely read to mean A'N-ish-men, " These men are
indeed," — i. e. an emphatic redundancy — Ga — ¦
"the Sons of," El— "the Living God "— (Hos. i.
io; ii. 16.)
But it is useless to enlarge upon these issues
here ; they have been treated at exhaustive length
by scholars whose works are within easy reach of
all who seek the truth ; our only purpose is to cite
them once in briefest concert that their Hebrew
harmony may be perceived.
These things, however, are of course admittedly
occult, and to the more common school of so called

98 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
"learned men" have only the weight of "foolish
ness." So be it!
But there are two definitions of foolishness, which
like Nabal and Laban are opposites in their estimate
of "the things of the Spirit " (i Cor. ii. 14; iii. 19),
and " because the foolishness of God is wiser than
men " (1 Cor. i. 25, 23, 21, 18) it is not expected
that any save those who are both in Israel and also
of\t (John i. 47), will be wise enough to discern
their significance (Dan. xii. 10) — the rest will " stam
mer " to the end.
It is certain that we cannot become true Gaels —
" Sons of God " — until we learn to reverse our
" stammering lip " (Leag), and when we do, the
very " stammering stone," (the "stan clidden," as
the Gaels sometimes called it, but more often the
LEAG Phail) — "stone wonderful," or "stone of des
tiny," will itself speak Gaelic eloquence to those
who have inherited it, for this stone itself is the
hearthstone of our "little sanctuary." In the mean
time, therefore, we speak in riddles only, but to the
" wise " such parables are plain.
Finally, in this connection, it is a remarkable fact
that another name for this honored heirloom of
Our Race, to wit : the " Leag-Gael," or Gael
Stone, is one of those cabalistic Hebrew compounds
which read the same both forward and backward !
Moreover, — lest even " the wise," themselves,
should be tempted to consider this, also, to be a

A RESUME. 99
"mere coincidence," and so not appreciate as per
haps intended, and as at least significant, it may
also be here disclosed that the most common name
for this very same stone, to wit : — the LlA Fail, is
anagrammatically similar in structure, it being bal
anced about the letter F, and reading the same both
forward and backward, while the letter F, itself, is
the logogram of the English word " a Fish " (Icthus),
which is the most famous symbol of the Scriptures !
A Resume.
We have now brought our survey of Israel's influ
ence over the " Philosophy of History " down to
the days which marked the loss of the " Ten
Tribes," and, from the heights whereon we favored
moderns stand, have endeavored to decipher some
of the more prominent writings on the walls of
time which have escaped all former generations.
The Scroll of History is a vast palimpsest, beneath
whose trivial and superficial details many principles
of progress lie concealed, and where, too, all its Ro
mance lurks. The light of modern thought brings
out these buried lines, wherewith it is in potent
sympathy, whenever those who use it seek the truth,
and are actuated by its spirit. But its rewards are
promised only to the earnest, or the " wise and pru
dent," for this light is but a cause of greater blind
ness unto those who, having eyes still will not see.
What powers of flight are awakened, for instance,
in the wings of thought, by a clear perception of

IOO THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
the central situation of Palestine, still barren and
still waiting for its rightful owners, amid the arable
lands now occupied by man ! And how instinct
ively, in such a light, the mind follows the prophets
in their expectations for the future of such a favored
country! Although at present, almost "no man's
land," yet it is " the desire of all lands."
But for whom is it reserved ?
We have long been wont to admit the sort of in
direct influence exerted through the ages by the
Decalogue and Hebrew Scriptures, and the sharper
one, direct in action, pressed upon modern times by
Christianity — the outcome and fulfilment of the
elder Testament : but now the outlook broadens as
we find in " Israel " the ruling character all through
the drama.
Hence our interest naturally deepens, as this pos
sibility materializes, and as the new skeleton,
whereon her history may be clothed, articulates in
proportions so heroic.
In our sketch, which has necessarily been brief,
we have glanced at her cradling as a nation, her
schooling in the wilderness before the primary occu
pation of the land of destiny, her growth thereafter,
and the dominance of her imprint upon other lands,
thus early, through the colonizing policy of Sol
omon. We have also seen "the Ten Tribes" —
Israel's major portion — vanish from the stage!
Now it cannot be that here their mission was com
pleted, and that thenceforth their posterity were of

A RESUME. IOI
so little concern, as " children of the promise," that
they have been suffered to become, if not extinct,
at least of even less importance than the Sons of
Ishmael, whose trace of Abrahamic blood still pre
serves them, as surely as it does the Jews !
A supposition such as this does violence to Holy
Writ, and to hold it is to apologize for every form
of disbelief !
It cannot be, and Christianity be true. For both
must stand, or both must fall together, since they
each subsist upon absolutely parallel promises and
prophecies. (See Study No. I, p. 51-153.)
Hence more than ever in our day we must find
" Israel," how lost soever she may be, or logically
give up the case — the whole of it — and join the
ranks of utter infidelity as to the matter of Revealed
Religion. But, thanks be to Him who giveth Faith a sub
stance for her hopes, we do not stand in any danger
of so desperate an alternative.
For the thread run through the story of Progress
by the identity of the Anglo-Saxons with these Lost
Tribes, is a cord of no mean strength, and bids fair
to lead us through the labyrinth of History with no
uncertain steps.
Grant the premises, if only a courteous and un
biassed hearing, and the charm of the solution thus
offered becomes irresistible.
But, per converse, may not so entrancing a solu
tion of this long vexed subject, — a solution which

102 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
embraces and harmonizes so many features of his
tory hitherto at hopeless variance, and one which
avoids the reefs whereon so many earnest willing
men have wrecked their faith, — may not such a solu
tion tend in a sense to fortify the premises them
selves, and lead us back to primitive beliefs ?
This we leave our readers to determine.
If the claim is true the consequences which de
pend upon it are inevitable, and the Saxon Race will
be participators in a Crusade, ere the cycles are
much older, which will fill their measure of Re
nown. If it be not, then let it be disproved, and at any
rate the romance of the Saxon myth will lose but
little of its interest, and the search for " Israel "
none of its fervor among Bible students.
To say the least, the finding of such a cluster of
cities as Scythopolis, Succoth, and Issachar, nested
together in the Territory of Issachar the central
State of Isaac's Sons, and whose king, Omri, (Khum
ree in the original Assyrian tablets), gave the name
of Cymria to Samaria, is not a little remarkable.
Aryan versus Shemitic Origin.
It is with " line on line, and precept upon pre
cept, here a little, and there a little," only that
one can storm the walls of conservatism and
prejudice which hedge in every branch of modern
knowledge. A truth so radical as the one which it is our

ARYAN VERSUS SHEMITIC ORIGIN. 103
endeavor to present must fight its way at every
step. Max Muller and the Oxford School have
taught the Aryan genealogy so long, that one who
dares to preach, as true, the Shemitic origin of our
Race stands in imminent danger of whatever fire
can be focused on him ! But the Doctors have
already too many desperate fights upon their hands
and are unequal to them. Their outlook is too
narrow, nor with any patience will they listen to
the questions put by independent students, who
prefer to walk abroad in the unlimited gardens of
philosophy, to sitting with the few who teach in
darkened closets.
The news now comes to us that perhaps we must
rewrite our Astronomies ! Those who sit beside
the focus of the great Lick telescope have made
discoveries so new and startling that they tell us we
are novices in Astral matters and our text-books all
awry ! Meanwhile they keep the secrets which
their great reflector is revealing until with fully for
tified position they can defy attack.
But if astronomy perchance is wrong, which men
have fancied " fixed," why should it challenge ridi
cule and doubt to claim that History is also far
astray, and that its teachers have mistaken by-ways
for the broader paths, and missed the highway
altogether ?
We do not intend to waste time in controversy
with the text-books, for the present is too precious,
^nd we can hardly hope to wjri the current genera-

104 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
tion of " School-men " to our way of writing geneal
ogy- But we do intend to put our case before "the
People f who are most concerned, and let them take
their choice, in freedom.
It is in the ear of the literary laity that we desire
to tell the story of OUR ORIGIN, and to the Bible
reading majority, who belong rather to the humbler
class, that its beauty and its strengthening vigor will
appeal. And finally to Bible disbelievers, who take little
interest in this controversy, we need only say that
we find in a possible descent from the Patriarchs a
far more pleasing prospect, than in a Darwinian
evolution, and an arduous ascent from the dust, to
which, if it be true, the spirit and the body can
but hopelessly return.
The Jews Never Lost.
The Two-Tribed kingdom of " Judah," still ruled
over by one of the descendants of David, continued
as a monarchy in Palestine for 100 years (3306-
3406 A.M.) after the Ten-Tribed Israel became
practically " lost."
To this kingdom the priestly tribe of Levi
cleaved, and unto them, " for David's sake," the
Lord lent temporarily the tribe of Benjamin.
The latter tribe has, since then, agreeably to two
separate and explicit prophecies (Jer. vi. 1 ; Luke
xxi. 20-24), disappeared, and joined the Ten-

THE JEWS NEVER LOST. 105
Tribed kingdom in disguise, but the two tribes,
Judah and Levi, familiarly known as the "Jews,"
are still with us, with no possibility of ever losing
their identity !
They are a marked, identified and special people,
"the shew of whose countenance" is proverbial in
every clime and crowd.
The Prophecy that " Judah " should never be lost,
is as explicitly set forth in Holy Writ, as the one
that " Israel " should be ; and the literal fulfilment
of the former is a standing guarantee to each and
all the other and collateral predictions.
But there was a still more pointed promise made
to this section of Jacob's children, to wit : that
"the Sceptre should not depart from Judah, nor a
law-giver from between his feet, until the Millen
nium," In support of this rendering, or paraphrase of
Jacob's blessing, we refer to Lange and other leading
commentators. The consensus of the most learned
students of prophecy is, that Judah will not, and
may not, " come home to his rest " (or Shiloli),
until that time arrives which we moderns have in
familiar parlance denominated "the Millennium."
It is generally agreed that our translation (King
James' version) is at fault in making Shiloh a
proper name in this connection, so that even if
" Messiah's time " is signified by the word, it is the
time yet future of his second coming rather than the
first, which left a sword and not a Sceptre, and cer-

to6 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
tainly has led the Wandering feet of Judali far from
"home" and "rest!" It is in this way too that
the Jews themselves, following the Targums and
the Rabbinical expositions, understand the text.
But whatever be the correct rendering of the
latter part of this blessing, neither t'he Jewish nor
the Christian doctors have yet explained the failure
of the first part, nor in any way satisfactorily ac
counted for the fact that long before either of these
Messianic- comings, be the latter or the former sig
nified, this Sceptre disappeared !
Has the promise lapsed ?
The Jews must say, Not yet ; and hence the next
question for them to answer is : Where then is the
Sceptre now, and the Law-giver?
Upon the other hand the Christian church says :
The promise was fulfilled at the Saviour's first com
ing. But if so, we not only point to them that they
forget the learned exposition of their own teachers,
but we confront them with the query : If so, from
whom did Christ receive this Sceptre ?
His mother was not a Queen in Judah, nor was
the Sceptre wielded by his legal, and reputed father
Joseph. The latter was a carpenter, not a " Law-giver,"
and the former but a humble Jewish maiden.
This is not a captious question but a vital one,
and we ask it in the spirit of Abijah, " ought ye
not to know that the Lord God of Israel gave The

DAVID S SCEPTRE " LOST. 107
Kingdom over Israel to David FOR EVER, even to
him and to his sons by a covenant of salt ? (2 Chron.
xiii. 4.)
Several times during the five hundred years of
recognized succession from David to Zedekiah, his
seed was threatened with extinction, and the
Sceptre seemed about to depart, but God always
provided a man to sit upon the throne and wield
the emblem of authority.
This occurred in the days of Jehoram (2 Chron.
xxi. 7-17), and again even more notably in the very
next generation (2 Chron. xx. 10-12), when Joash
was so providentially preserved for this oath's sake.
Shall we believe then that in Zedekiah's day the
Sceptre was actually suffered to " depart," and that
Jehovah wearied of his promise?
How can we do so when in this same day, with
even more explicitness than usual, God himself sent
Jeremiah unto this very king with the remarkable
message recorded in chapter xxxiii. of his prophecies?
David's Sceptre "Lost."
But, nevertheless, nothing is so certain as that
the Sceptre disappeared at this particular time !
Josephus, relating the fortunes of Zedekiah,
whom he regarded as the last king of Judah, says
in Book x. 4: "And after this manner have the
kings of David's race ended their lives, being in
number twenty-one until the last king" (i. e. Zede
kiah !).

108 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
Thus even if we listen to the assertion that the
promise to Judah and David was fulfilled at the
time of the Saviour's first Advent, there is a long
hiatus in the sceptral succession which no ingenu
ity of Bible genealogists has ever succeeded in filling.
For the promise demands the perpetual existence
of a child of David's line in true heraldic succession,
and actually holding the sceptre of acknowledged
regality over either a separated part or over all of
Judah's tribe.
It demands a Ruler as such, a crown, a sceptre,
and a people!
That such a line exists we shall in due time show,
a line without a single missing generation, and one
which wields a sceptre second unto none on earth.
There was a " Royal Remnant," that went out of
Jerusalem. It was Davidic, Judaic, and Levitical, and with it
went the whole regalia of the realm, and a child of
Zedekiah so gentle as to be called "the Tender
Twig," and for her guardian one who, chiefest
among all of Jehovah's Prophets and of Judah's
Prime Ministers, was directly commissioned " to
plant " the twig, and " build " the monarchy anew !
If this be so, then is Jehovah's word most won
derfully vindicated, and the History we shall relate
most worthy of consideration in the hearts of all
mankind. While those who shall still find occasion
to reject the truth of what we shall relate, must
bridge the hiatus, from Zedekiah to both the First

THE SAVIOUR S TESTIMONY. 109
and Second Advent, or accept the consequences of
a hopeless dilemma.
Of course we are arguing upon the acknowledged
truth of the Bible as a premise ; but our argument
is double-edged, for its logic tends both to destroy
the purely spiritual interpretation of scripture,
which fills accepted Christian theology with the reduc-
tio ad absurdum, and to fortify the premises them
selves against disbelievers, by demonstrating the
absolute and literal fulfilment of Jehovah's promises.
Nor unto Judah, wandering aimlessly, and hoping
against hope, amid the long historic wreck of prom
ises she has misunderstood, is the announcement of
a Royal Remnant a matter of but small concern,
for it means to her a full renewal of all her shattered
hopes, and replaces the Day Star in her eastern skies !
The Saviour's Testimony.
When the disciples, anxious for the restitution of
all things, and jealous for the sovereignty of David,
asked the Saviour after his resurrection, whether he
would at that time " restore again the kingdom to
Israel," he rebuked them, saying : "It is not for
you to know the times or the seasons which the
Father hath put in his own power." (Acts i. 6-1/.)
Their question has a double significance. It, so
well as the Saviour's reply, recognizes the apparent
lapse in the supremacy of Judah, and both question
and answer imply the expected transfer of the
sceptre to the Ten-Tribed Kingdom.

IIO THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
It was indeed from jealousy and fear of the man
ifestation of this very transfer that the Jews had
urged the Saviour's crucifixion, and that, in earlier
days, Herod had wrought such ^vengeance amid
Rachel's innocents at Ramah.
The Saviour avoided shedding any light upon the
fate, fortunes or whereabouts of the sceptre, or the
throne seat ; nor did he come to occupy them then,
for immediately thereafter he was caught up into
heaven. In the light of this remarkable and final conver
sation of Him who is yet to sit on David's earthly
throne, • and in recognition of the integrity of
Jehovah's " covenant of salt " with David, under
stood, as the entire history of its succession up to
the time of Zedekiah, shows it was understood by
the chosen people themselves, it cannot but be
false policy for any believer in the Bible, to claim
that " Shiloh," as such, and in the meaning of the
promise, has yet come to take the sceptre of David.
The word Shiloh occurs some thirty times in the
Bible, and, in all other cases, is translated to indi
cate Rest, or else as a Place, and as Israel has not
yet returned into its rest, it is ^manifest that the
throne and sceptre of David must be yet in abey
ance somewhere, held by a descendant, and held
over at least a " Remnant " of Judah.
At the time of the Disciples' conversation with
the ascending Saviour it had been safely swaying
over Israel for fujl 595 years. But the time for its

THE TRIBE OF BENJAMIN. Ill
manifestation had not then arrived, and the disci
ples, and all of the tribe of Benjamin, from which
they had been drawn, had other work before
them. They were to bear the light of the new covenant
to these lost sheep of the House of Israel, to which
kingdom they actually belonged.
Simply " lent " to Judah, and " for David's sake, '
the lease had now run out, and they were sent unto
their brethren.
But where to find them ?
They had an unerring guide, the Holy Spirit,
and a searching light, the Gospel, and so absorbed
in its mission was this Christian section of the tribe
that it soon lost the merely material purport of its
origin, while the other section of Benjamin, the one
which was not christianized in Judea, we shall meet
anon as the last addition to the tribes that gathered
in the British Isles.
The Tribe of Benjamin.
The rediscovery of this tribe is so important
to our topic that we must anticipate somewhat of
the outcome of history at this juncture, and sketch
the role assigned to Benjamin ere we proceed ; nor
can we do better than use the words of Mr. Edward
Hine himself, to whose penetration the discovery
of this and numerous other of the fundamental
" identities " of OUR RACE with LOST ISRAEL, arc
chiefly due,

112 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
" I am anxious," says Mr. Hine, in his " Flashes
of Light," " to make much importance of the Tribe
of Benjamin. A. very great deal depends upon
understanding this Tribe. Much error is in vogue
respecting it, and the meaning of many books of
the New Testament is hid from us, because of our
blindness concerning Benjamin. I have not much
space to spare, but in as few words as will be con
venient, let me give a ' Flash of Light ' upon this
Tribe. These are my chief points, upon which I
challenge disproof. Benjamin is a tribe of Israel,
one of the ten, and not a tribe of Judah, one of the
two. The Disciples of Christ were from Benjamin,
therefore Israelites, and not Jews. Paul was an
Israelite, and not a Jew. The conversions at Pente
cost included Israelites from Benjamin, and not Jews
from Judah. I speak plainly, it being important to
be understood.
" The Theocracy of Israel consisted of twelve
tribes, and when Israel first became a Kingdom it
still contained twelve tribes. Of this there can be
no doubt, as also, ultimately, prior to the Second
Coming of Christ, the Nation of Israel will again
comprise twelve tribes ; but now, the House of
Israel only includes ten tribes. Saul, David, and
Solomon were kings over the whole twelve. It was
because ' Solomon did evil in the sight of the
Lord' (t Kings xi. 6), that the Lord said ' I will
surely REND the kingdom from thee, notwith
standing in thy days I will not do it, for David thy

the tribe of benjamin. 113
father's sake ; but I will rend it out of the hand of
thy son. Howbeit I will not REND AWAY ALL
the kingdom, but will give ONE TRIBE to thy
son, for David, my servant's sake, and for Jerusa
lem's sake, which I have chosen.' (v. 12, 13.) The
kingdom here referred to was that of Israel, as dis
tinct from Judah, as subsequent events clearly
prove, so that, though the twelve tribes were
under one head, it is quite certain, that, from the
very first, the divine government recognized the
two divisions.
" The kingdom of Israel was to be rent away from
Solomon's son, not the house of Judah ; yet, ONE
TRIBE, even belonging to Israel, was to remain
with Judah. Jeroboam, who was not Solomon's son,
met Ahijah the prophet; Jeroboam being dressed
in a new garment, Ahijah caught hold of it, and
tore it into twelve pieces, saying to Jeroboam,
' take these TEN PIECES, for thus saith the Lord
the God of Israel, behold I will REND the king
dom out of the hand of Solomon, and will give
TEN TRIBES to thee, but he shall have ONE
TRIBE, for my servant David's sake, and for
Jerusalem's sake, the city which I have chosen,
OUT OF ALL THE TRIBES OF ISRAEL.'
(1 Kings v. 31, 32.) This ONE TRIBE was to be
take* out of the TEN, therefore, Israel would be
left for a time with only NINE ; and for a time
Judah would possess THREE TRIBES. I say,
only for a time ; because, this one tribe was not a

1 14 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
positive gift, but only as a loan, to serve a special
service. "God makes this an important point, by ex
plaining the matter a third time in the 35th verse,
' I will take the kingdom out of his son's hand, and
will give it unto thee, even TEN TRIBES, and
unto his son will I give ONE TRIBE, that David,
my servant, may have A LIGHT ALWAY before
me in Jerusalem, the city which I have chosen me,
to put my name there.' Therefore the mission of
the one Tribe was to be 'a light ' — it was to be
separated from Israel, and to serve this purpose
under Judah ; nevertheless, though with Judah, it
belonged to Israel. This tribe was Benjamin's, and
was with Judah after the revolt (2 Chron. xxv. 5.)
Therefore it is plain that ten tribes of the House of
Israel were not under Jeroboam — only nine tribes of
this House were under him, because, after Hoshea's
captivity, Judah, Levi, and Benjamin were left in
the land, and 122 years later, (590 B.C.*), these
three tribes went into the Babylonish captivity for
* I have altered Mr. Hine's chronology to suit the accurate sys
tem we are employing in this Series of Studies, the 590 B.C. being
before 3996 a.m., i.e. in 3996 A.M.-590 B.C. to 3406 A.M. For further
hereon, vide Study Xo. 2. In the meantime, we announce as almost
complete, " A Continued Calendar for the past 6000 years,"
reversed from the present almanacs, and bv means of whjfh the
whole chronology of the Bible and its accuracy will become apparent
at a glance. Should the present effort to spread the truth of OUR
identity with 'Israel ' meet with the encouragement it deserves, the
almanac referred to will appear as a Study in some future Series.

THE TRIBE OF BENJAMAN. I T £j
70 years. These three tribes returned also from
Babylon. (Ezra i. 5 : x. 9 ; Neh. xi. 4, 7, 31 ; xii. 34.)
" And Ezra even goes so far as to record the
ancestry of the chief men who returned, but only
mentions those of Judah, Levi, and Benjamin. It
must be remembered that the original inheritance
of Benjamin in the land, was a slip north of Jerusa
lem, including Bethel and Jericho, but after they
returned from Babylon, Obadiah distinctly refers to
Benjamin as possessing Gilead, a country extending
very considerably northwards, and near to the Sea
of Galilee. (Obadiah 19.) It would be in these
parts that this, the only tribe of Israel, would be
found in the time of Christ. The Jews, or Judah,
were then still inheriting Judea, southwards ; and
it is important to note that when Christ came, He
did not go in quest of his disciples in Judea,
although He did select Jerusalem as the city to
place His name there. But why should He not
have selected His disciples from the Jews of Judea?
This could not be ; because, having selected the city,
He wanted ' a light.' He could not possibly get
this from the Jews, because Christ — Himself from
Judah — came to His own, but His own (tribe)
received Him not — utterly rejected Him. (John i.
11.) How, then, could Judah supply the wanted
' light,' when they had no light? 'Therefore' said
Jesus : ' Say I unto you, the kingdom of God shall
be taken from you (Judah), and given to a
NATION bringing forth the fruits thereof

Il6 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
[Israel]. (Matt. xxi. 43.) Hence, Christ goes north
ward, to the ' country of Benjamin,' after the ONE
TRIBE OF ISRAEL whose especial mission it was
to be ' A LIGHT ' before Him : and ' by the Sea
of Galilee,' finds Peter and Andrew. (Matt. iv. 18.)
" In this region were His twelve selected, all of
Benjamin, not of Judah — unless, may be, Judas repre
sented Judah, and Barnabas Levi — which is further
proved by his saying to Nathaniel : ' Behold, an
Israelite indeed ' (John i. 47), meaning that he was
not a Jew ; and Peter, when in the hall of the High
Priest, surrounded by Jews, was known not to be a
Jew by his speech. Hence, I maintain it to be a
very grave mistake to speak of these disciples as
Jews, or to hold them up as specimens of Jewish
conversions ; and though done by some ' 'cute '
ministers at a recent Jews' Meeting, they have not
scripture warrant for such assertions, and simply
hold, and perpetuate a delusion. This point is
further substantiated by the fact, that, after the
days of Christ, the great Apostle, the great Light,
the mighty Paul, comes forth and avows himself,
'an Israelite of the seed of Abraham, of the tribe
of Benjamin ' (Rom. xi. 1), the One Special Tribe
purposely left with Judah, until the days came
when they could hold forth the glorious light of the
Everlasting Gospel. This One Tribe was the rem
nant of Israel left in the land, to which" Joel re
ferred, saying: 'In Jerusalem shall be deliverance,
as the Lord hath said, and in the remnant whom

THE TRIBE OF BENJAMIN. II?
the Lord shall call ' (Joel ii. 32) ; bringing us to
the day of Pentecost, when three thousand were
converted, ' and numbers were added to the
Church daily.' But Peter speaking of Pentecost,
says : ' This is THAT which was spoken by the
prophet Joel ' (Acts ii. 16) ; meaning, that Pente
cost was but the fulfilment of Joel's prophecy :
that Joel had foretold of this outpouring of God's
Spirit, and which was but the foreshadowing of a
still more glorious outpouring yet in reserve for
us ; immediately after our Identity, which Paul
declares shall be to us 'as life from the dead.'
" But, upon referring to Joel, it is most evident that
he does not prophesy of the Jews at all, in relation
to this great event. His prophecy of Pentecost is
directed entirely to Israel. He has nothing to do
with Judah, excepting in his last chapter, and then,
is chiefly referring to events yet to take place.
His first and second chapters include Israel only,
and as showing their political relationship with cer
tain Gentiles.
" Properly understood, they are in reality most
important chapters of pure English History; there
fore I maintain that the conversions at Pentecost
were not Jewish, but embraced only the Seed of
Israel, with a portion of the Gentile race, and that,
as Benjamin only was in the land at this time,
belonging to Israel, so Pentecost only included this
' One Tribe ; ' that, as the seven thousand men had
not bowed the knee to Baal in Elijah's time, so

il8 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
now, in Paul's then present time, this ' One Tribe '
was ' a remnant according to the election of grace '
(Rom. xi. 5) and who were, as Paul said, ' Israelites
to whom pertained the adoption and 'the glory and
the covenants' (Rom. ix. 4) ; in whose ' seed shall
all the kindreds of the earth be blessed.' (Acts
iii. 25.) And, as the promises can only be realized
in Christ, and, as the Jews have not been, and are
not yet, in Christ, therefore, they are not in ' adop
tion ; ' neither have the kindreds of the earth
been blessed through them. Hence, it is evident
that the Jews, as a people, had no part in the
conversion of Pentecost.
" Lastly, we come to the fact, recorded by Jose-
phus, that all the Christians of these times escaped
from Jerusalem unhurt, immediately prior to the
Siege of Jerusalem by the Romans. True it is that
the Christians did escape ; and true it is that Jose-
phus refers to them as Christian Jews ; but they
were not. * These Christians were Israelites, of the
tribe of Benjamin ; no harm was done to them ;
they escaped, leaving their brethren of Judah
behind to suffer the punishment of their sins in
rejecting their Saviour. Christ made overtures to
them, but they resolutely denied Him. Paul
preached to them — called himself a Jew, simply in
order to be in common with them — but they would

* Save as Paul styled himself a "Jew, but of the tribe of Ben
jamin!" That is he was a Naaman (i Chron. viii. 4), pronounced
" Norman."

THE TRIBE OF BENJAMIN. 119
not hear him ; some of them for a time received his
good tidings ; but afterwards they forsook him, and
fell back again to Judaism. Hence it was that Paul
turned his attention to the Gentiles instead.
Therefore, the Jews were left behind for punish
ment, to suffer all the horrors of the Roman siege.
" But not so with Benjamin ; they had now fulfilled
their mission ; they had been ' a light alway '
before Christ ; they preached the great Light of
the Gospel ; they alone were used by God to pro
claim the good Tidings to their brethren, the ' lost
sheep,' the nine tribes who were then ' scattered
sheep' (Jer. 1. 17) in the North-West region; and
now, having accomplished the work they were given
to do, the time arrived for them to depart. So,
just as Pentecost was fulfilling prophecy given to
Israel by Joel, so was their deliverance from Jerusa
lem the fulfilment of prophecy given to Israel by
Jeremiah. [The Saviour, speaking of this fall of Jerusalem
to his Benjaminite disciples, repeats this very warn
ing, but refers to Daniel rather than to Jeremiah,
and perhaps purposely ! lest by a too pointed refer
ence to the latter, the philosophy of their Benjamin-
itish origin and mission should be discerned too
early, and its contemporaneous Gentile object some
what thwarted. Matt, xxiv., 15-25.]
"This great prophet comes forth plainly to their
rescue, and says to this ' one tribe,' ' O ye children
of Benjamin, gather yourselves to FLEE OUT of

120 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
the midst of Jerusalem, and blow the trumpet in
Tekoa, and set up a sign of fire in Beth-haccerem,
for evil appeareth out of the north (the Roman
siege), and great destruction' (Jer. vi. i); from
which, by the will of God, they, the * one tribe,'
were to escape. Hence, these were not Christian
Jews, as Josephus tells us they were, but Christian
Israelites, composing the one tribe of Benjamin, and
whose descendants are now numbered with us in
Britain, and to whom we are indebted for the tid
ings of the Gospel.
" This tribe did not [wholly] escape by the North-
West, but [its 'light bearers '] took shipping by the
Great Sea, hence, would come through Italy, by way
of Rome ; that though possibly we might receive
the glad tidings through the medium of Rome, yet,
never through the false Church of Rome, but
through our kindred of Benjamin. They would
then make their way through France, through Gaul
and Normandy, simply directed by the finger of
God to the one point of concentration, where, cross
ing the English Channel, they would meet in Eng
land the other nine tribes of Israel. These tribes
had made their way to England from the North-
West points, where their fathers having previously
had the Gospel proclaimed to them, were the more
ready to receive it, via Benjamin, by way of Rome.
" Hence, I say, our accepted notions of the so-called
Norman Conquest become a great delusion, form
ing part of the ' blindness ' that was to happen to

THE TRIBE OF BENJAMIN. 121
us. That these invaders were not in reality Nor
mans, but positively our own kindred of Benjamin,
adopting this means, by direction of God, to re
unite themselves with the main body. Thus we
get, by this revelation, an entire harmony of Scrip
ture, that can alone explain our Political National
History, and shed light on National Events, as hav
ing been accomplished in accordance with Scripture
Prophecy, and which, otherwise, can never become
really intelligible, or truly comprehensible, compell
ing us to exclaim, ' O the depth of the riches, both
of the wisdom and knowledge of God ! How un
searchable are His judgments, and His ways past
finding out ! ' "
Further than this, at present, we cannot go, in an
" Identity" which has, since Mr. Hine's original
announcement, been most ably supported by nu
merous writers in our school, and all of whom
strengthen the fact that in the Normans (i Chron.
viii. 4), who, with wolves upon the prows of their
ships (Gen. xlix. 27) came into Israel's resting
place and " ravened " " in the morning " of their con
quest, over the spoil, and " divided " it, in the Dooms
day Book, in the evening of their victory, we have
the incoming of that tribe which is always to " dwell
safely" by the Lord's anointed, and be found be
tween the remnants of Ephraim and Judah.
Let us, therefore, return from this digression, and
follow the fortunes of Judah, with whom Benjamin
still dwelt.

122 the philosophy of history.
"The Scarlet Thread."
The history of " Judah " during the century and
a half immediately succeeding the Assyrian captiv
ity of " Israel " is now to engage our close atten
tion, and in order to pursue with unencumbered
judgment, the main thread which the philosophy
of Providence runs through it, we must strip its
recital of every subordinate detail.
This thread, to be followed logically, persistently,
and with singleness of purpose, is the scarlet one,
by means of which the blood line of Judah's scep
tred seed, and of David's royal house, traverses the
era, and to trace its course through a labyrinth so
intricate, is essential to the vindication of Jehovah's
Word. Hitherto, this thread has been believed to termi
nate abruptly. No effort has been made to pene
trate the myth, and with the blindest and most
reckless inconsistency, Faith has disrobed herself of
all defensive armor, lowered her guard, and stood
exposed and naked to the vital thrust of infidelity,
well armed and standing in the vantage ground
thus abandoned.
Some rivers sink in sandy soil, yet none the less
their waters ultimately find the sea : their currents
flow beneath the surface for a while, but down the
valley do they often reappear, and reclaim their
identity borne out by every law of deep analysis, and
by the ample evidence of concurrent circumstances.

"the scarlet thread." 123
The stream we have to trace is such an one, and
that it sinks with Zedekiah's fall, is not at all con
clusive that it nowhere reappears.
But, on the contrary, if at this point, where every
generation since has carelessly presumed it ended as
the Jordan does, in Sodom's lake, it actually does
so, then equally hereat must Faith forever cease to
find a substance firm enough for bottom to its
onward flow.
It is presumed that every devout believer in the
Bible regards Jacob's blessing of Judah to have
been authorized and guaranteed by God Himself.
It is also assumed as indisputable that God there
after voluntarily and without condition, swore to
David, by a covenant of salt and by other oaths,
not the least of which was by Himself, that he,
David, should never want a successor upon his
throne, judging the tribes of "Israel," and made
manifest on earth by all the regalia of Sovereignty.
These promises are as explicit as if all through
the ages we had received them in a runic parallel to
one well known in Anglo-Saxon lore : —

Unless the Prophets faithless be.
And Seer's words be vain,
Where'er is found Jehovah's throne,
Prince David's line shall reign.

Fail then these promises in a single particular,
let jot or tittle lapse in " Moses and the Prophets,"

124 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
and with them vanishes the substance of our hope,
which is the only continent of Faith.
The human race has been endowed by its Creator
with Reason as its most princely prerogative, and it
is to this faculty alone that God appeals in methods
chosen by himself. In all of our deliberations there
fore upon the matter now between us and Jehovah,
touching himself and man's salvation, we are to de
termine the merits of the case solely upon the evi
dence and the burden of proof rests upon the Great
Affirmative. It is our right as well as bounden duty to
confirm all things and to hold fast only to what
is actually able to sustain the test. God him
self has set the standard for the case in point, and
the human mind is justified in repudiating any ex
planation which comes the least bit short of the
established measure.
A Crucial Test.
In order therefore to examine the subject de novo
and with as little inherited bias as possible let us
put ourselves in the position of a candid, earnest,
intellectual heathen, searching after light and
truth. Suppose that after due examination and appreci
ation of the beauty of the Divine plan so far as it is
explained to him, he makes this as a single final
and crucial test of the integrity of the Testaments,
old and new, to wit : — that Jehovah's promise unto

A CRUCIAL TEST. 125
Judah and his consequent oath to David shall be
clearly shown to have been historically fulfilled
— what answer have the Doctors, be they Jewish
Rabbis, or Christian Bishops ?
Literally none !
Our learned stranger, say from India, from China,
or Japan, may put his question thiis concisely:
" If the sceptre, as such, as promised, as under
stood, and as well traced till then, did not depart from
Judah, and the Law-giver from between his feet, and
if David did not thereafter want a successor sitting on
his throne and judging the tribes of Israel, at the
death of Zedekiah and thenceforward, tell me, prove
to me, and show me where it was wielded, and by
zvhom, of Judah's or David's seed from generation
unto generation thereafter — wielded yet — and I
promise you unswerving faith in all the rest."
This question is but part and parcel of a host of
others, similar thereto, and to answer it in a reason
able, direct and demonstrable way is to afford honest
inquiry an earnest of the ability to deal with all of
them in a manner equally as satisfactory, and this it
is our purpose here to undertake.
It is therefore that we must review so carefully
the history of the important era now before us, be
cause if lapse there is in this momentous sequence
of Sovereigns, ruling literally by " divine right of
Kings," it occurs here, and is fatal to Jehovah's
integrity, — and if there be no such failure either in
the promise or the oath, then here alone may we

126 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
recover the missing links of a chain which promises
such ample mooring for our faith in God.
We shall still further preface the discussion with
our " honest infidel," by preparing him for a similar
surprise to the one involved in the rediscovery of
Lost Israel.
The object of Jehovah, in his dealings with this
people, was to remove it from Palestine, obliterate
its paths, cover it with temporary loss of identity,
and then remould it into better shape to further his
designs. And so the object now was to remove the sceptre
from Palestine and replace it over this transplanted
Israel in a way so secretly as to utterly escape
attention, even their own attention, until centuries
had expired.
Hence a consecutive presentation of the chief
incidents in the history of David's line, between the
disappearance of " Israel " and the disappearance of
the " Sceptre," is also essential to a proper under
standing of its broader bearing upon Jehovah's far
more general plan of universal human redemption
and blessing — if so be there is such a plan, and one
founded upon " inspiration."
A Double Dilemma.
The age which led up to Judah's captivity is a
remarkable one, even more so than the one just sur
veyed, and which heralded the downfall of Israel;
it culminated in the actual transplanting of Da-

A DOUBLE DILEMMA. 12?
Vid's throne and lineal seed, and of Judah's royal
sceptre and his tribal standard into a place so ut
terly apart, and in a way so quietly accomplished
that they have been effectually hidden there from
that day down to this, although ever since we have
lived and moved and had our being as a people —
we Anglo-Saxons — amid its far renowned and ever
widening consequences.
Indeed, so consummately is this particular chapter
of Jehovah's Romance written in the Bible, that,
although we (Israel) have held it in our hands for
fully 1260 years, while Judah has held it for double
that length of time, we, both of us, have not only
lost sight of our non sequitor, but have actually al
lowed its most prominent characters to vanish un-
missed, and its chief heroes and heroines, to be com
pletely forgotten.
We have been wont to acknowledge them as dead
and gone !
The broken promises to Judah and David have
made no more impression on us than a tinkling cym
bal, and so we have continued to say, " we hope,"
amid a myriad broken trusts we could not justify.
How could we have more grossly stultified our
reason than by trying to support an irrational belief
after its sworn supports had tumbled in decay ?
Alas, we have only been inconsistent and human ;
we have believed because of other grounds still firm
beneath our tread ; but none the less we have been
doing open and deliberate violence to the direct and

128 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
oft repeated oath of the Almighty, and have thus
not only cut ourselves off from the original supply
of straw but have forced ourselves to build the Ba
bel of our Faith out of bricks almost entirely devoid
of it, since we have not gathered any for ourselves !
Our structure will not stand unless we build. anew
whole sections of its threatening foundations ; for
from Alpha unto Omega, we find ourselves contin
ually having to apologize for the most literal prom
ises of Scripture, and assenting to conclusions which
grope in vain for premises that have been long de
funct. But how, in fact, even those Jews and Christians
who have most prominently asserted the absolute
integrity of the Scriptures, and have most fearlessly
challenged candid investigation, and have most
broadly admitted the supremacy of human judgment
in weighing evidences, have been able to close their
eyes to the fatal hiatus in the special story of David's
seed, his sceptre and his throne, is an example of hu
man irrationality without a parallel in religious cre
dulity. However, such has been the fact, and such is
still the fact, not only among the unthinking, but
among that more confident class who claim to honor
the logic of facts as a means whereby to justify their
faith. Christians can fully appreciate the dilemma of the
Jews of the present day, and freely wonder how they
can retain any faith in any of their scriptures while

A DOUBLE DILEMMA. 1 29
they reject the Messiah whose arrival their own
prophets placed at a specific time long since ex'
pired ! And they moreover profess to understand
quite well, the necessary growth of infidelity and
liberalism in scattered Judah's ranks.
Christians regard the Jewish position as suicidal
to faith, in that it persists in faith long after the
standing guarantee has been withdrawn.
But they in turn must not forget that outside of
their own ranks there is also a truth loving and con
sistent class which is relatively quite as preponderat
ing, and who view with equal wonder the blindness
of both Jewish and Christian ratiocination, and who
look confidently to their certain overthrow unless
far better bulwarks are provided.
Let us therefore strive to re-erect some of the bul
warks whose foundations God himself prepared, and
laid down far too deeply upon solid rock to be longer
clouded over with mere spiritual superstructures.
We have seen " Israel " pass through the fierce
Assyrian furnace, and struggle out into the wilder-
dess beyond ; if our story is to continue, we must
pause awhile to study Judah's preparation for the
still more fiery one of Nebuchadnezzar, and see if
David's sceptre may not have withstood the blast.
We are pointedly told that Judah failed to profit
by the example, aye, we are even told, that " back
sliding Israel justified herself " — (and in captivity
this must have been !) — " more than treacherous
Judah!" In due time, therefore, Judah too was

I30 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
rooted out of Palestine. This was the Babylonian
Captivity.
Captors and Captives.
In order, therefore, the better to read subsequent
events, let us devote ourselves to a rather more care
ful historical survey of the scenes and actors in each
"Captivity." We may not manufacture incidents, of course,
but perhaps we shall be able to present them, in
this novel light, with new significance.
In the days immediately preceding the Assyrian
Captivity, ( i\ e. that of the Ten-tribed Kingdom),
there were but two important sceptres controlling
the central part of Western Asia.
These were the Empire of Assyria and the King
dom of Babylon.
Originally they had both formed parts of a single
dynasty, the old Nimrodic one — ruled from Nine
veh, though of varying dimensions — until the fall of
Sardanapalus. This event, brought about by the united revolts
of Arbaces, the governor of Media, and Belosis, the
governor of Babylon, led to the division of the
ancient dynasty, and Arbaces, the Pul of Scriptures,
became king of combined Media and Assyria, while
Belosis retained the kingdom of Babylon. (See
Study No. 2, page 141-172).
The latter kingdom was at this time but a small
province, and was hemmed in and surrounded by

CONTRASTED GEOGRAPHICAL SITUATIONS. 131
the stronger northern power very much as the
smaller Hebrew Kingdom, Judah, was in the same
day surrounded by the larger territory of the Ten-
tribed Kingdom.
These two groups of internally kindred nations,
and which by the clash of arms and mutual conquest
were about to put into alternate operation a series
of events that have changed the very destiny of
man, present many contrasts and some similiarities
which would well repay our study, and as deeply
excite our admiration But time and space will not
at present permit us to turn aside from what is now
far more demanded of us.
Contrasted Geographical Situations.
Let us therefore endeavor to obtain a clear idea
of their geographical positions in order to appreciate
the full import of what the deportation of the
two Sacred Kingdoms into the two secular ones set
on foot, for it is of primary importance to a proper
understanding of subsequent events, to obtain such
a conception, especially of the territory of Assyria,
which initiated the sequence.
That of Palestine, and the distribution of its sev
eral Tribes, (or states as we may call them), which
constituted the parts of its two kingdoms, is quite
well known. For the geography of the Holy Land
is plainly written in the Bible. Palestine lay north
and south, or erect, as it were, upon the map. Split
by the Jordan into two natural divisions, " Israel "

132 THE philosophy of history.
occupied all of the eastern portion and all of the
northwestern. It also stretched all along the west
ern coast, and back to the central line (Jordan), both
north and south of the little interior kingdom of
Benjamin and Judah, thus leaving but a minimum
of territory to this latter kingdom, and no water
front to either of its states save that upon a dead
and barren inland sea.
Yet the Dead Sea was Judah's barrier to eastern
foes, until Assyria by the captivity of " Israel," had
left its flanks completely unprotected, and open to
the later conquests of Babylon, which followed in
the years of her supremacy.
But the geography of Assyria, while generally
similar, was spread out upon a different scheme ; it
lay upon the map from east to west, or prone upon
it rather than erect, and bounded that of Israel upon
the east.
It was along the northern boundary of this great
empire that deported " Israel " was ultimately lo
cated, after her removal from Palestine ; let us there
fore examine this locality more closely.
It extended nearly from the present Russian Cri
mea (the Chersonesus) to Cabul, in Afghanistan,
and was almost an unbroken line of snow-capped
mountains. These included the Caucasus, the El-
borz and the Hindoo Koosh ranges of to-day.
Spreading from the eastern end of the Black Sea
and a short distance around its northern and south
ern shores, it skirted in a similar way the southern

THE WOLF AND THE FOLD. 1 33
end of the Caspian Sea, and formed a natural fron
tier of doubly military importance to such an aggres
sive power as Assyria then was. For it not only
served as a barrier against incursions into Media
from the northern wilderness, but acted as a prison
wall around those whom conquest had rooted up
from lands far off, and then spread down within its
barren confines.
Shortly subsequent to the captivity of " Israel "
Assyria had captured this Median territory, and the
scattered tribes who dwelt along its conquered
mountain slopes had given her no little trouble, and
were with difficulty, only, retained in uneasy subjec
tion to the Assyrian yoke. It was at this moment
that the results of the conquest of Israel offered an
opportunity for a double stroke of policy rarely lost
by the vast empires of the ancient East.
This was nothing more nor less than a partial ex
change of populations, or at least a displacement
and crowding of the unruly Medians by the newly
conquered Israelites.
We resort to similar measures nowadays when we
exchange, or double up, our own Indian populations,
and Russia has but lately accomplished this very
thing in this same Armenian or trans-Caucasus re
gion !
The Wolf and the Fold.
But the fall of Israel was not effected at a single
blow. It was the result of two separate and distinct

134 THE philosophy of history.
invasions, far apart in time, and of a final phase,
whereby she was in turn, herself, supplanted, in her
own land, by strangers.
In the first invasion, circa 3263 A. M., Tiglath
Pileser descended upon the northern and eastern
parts of Israel's domain and took away the Half
tribe of Manasseh, and the tribes of Reuben and
Gad. At this time he also removed the small ad
venturous colony established by Dan in the remote
northwestern part of Palestine across the Jordan, as
well as the flourishing settlements of Simeon which
had for some time occupied the pasture lands and
slopes of Mount Seir, just south of Reuben's terri
tory. It is important to note that at this same time the
Assyrians also carried away most all of the smaller
Gentile and kindred nations who occupied the con
tiguous eastern borders of Israel. Among them
were the Ammonites, the Moabites, the Midianites.
the Rechabites, the Edomites and most of the Amal-
ekites and Idumeans,
These captives too were eventually placed upon
the southern slopes of the mountain frontiers of
Media, particularly along the farther eastern ranges
of the Hindoo Koosh and Elborz mountains, and
along the plains east of the Caspian Sea.
Now in due time all of these peoples escaped from
their captivity, and became Scythians or " wander
ers," a fact which accounts for the numerous "cen
tres " from which these many moving hordes sprang

THE WOLF AND THE FOLD. 1 35
into simultaneous existence a few generations
later, when the migratory age was at its culmina
tion. Wherever "Israel" is to-day, there, near to her
though quite distinct, or strewn along her pathway,
we may expect to find the descendants of these
Gentile neighbors, and among them, perhaps, the
Dutch posterity of Lot, and the Teutonic children
of the high and low Iranians — that mixed multi
tude of Medes and Persians who followed soon in
Israel's wake. For in the future, if the prophets
wrote with inspiration, these peoples, too, will rise
once more to prominence, become fully identified,
and be gathered into the inheritance assigned them
severally in the days of Peleg, or " division."
The Assyrian captivity was for all of them an
anabasis, but from the wilderness wherein they
wander still, there yet remains for each of them, as
well as Israel, an exodus and a return.
When the Israelites were carried into captivity
they were located principally along the western
part of the Median frontier, some in Albania just
south of the Caucasus, and others in the region of
Gozan, also south of these mountains.
These localities have been fully identified with
those recorded in the Scriptures, although there is
some foundation for the belief that their settlements
were sparsely extended eastward along the frontier
even so far as Cabul, which takes its ancient name
from " the city of the Tribes."

136 the philosophy of history.
An Interim.
During the generation which succeeded this
earliest deportation into Assyria, the several tribes
remaining in the Land of Israel enjoyed compara
tive quiet. These were the tribes of Asher, Nap-
thali, Zebulum, Issachar, the other Half-Tribe of
Manasseh, Ephraim, and the major portions of Dan
and Simeon.
Naturally no regular intercourse between them
and the exile tribes was practicable or allowed.
Nevertheless, communication was not so difficult
nor so absolutely impossible, even under the strin
gent Assyrian prohibition, but that once in a while
reports would arrive from the distant captives, and
return messages work their way slowly back to them.
And so it came about that it was not many years
before news of the circumstances and localities of
their brethren, especially of those about the Black
Sea and Armenian regions, became pretty well dis
seminated through Palestine.
And among the earliest rumors came the informa
tion that the adventurous remnants of the two
small colonies of Dan and Simeon, which as we
have seen had shared the fate of the Tribes with
whom they sojourned, had already escaped from
the Assyrian yoke to the prosperous cojonies of Pan
on the Chersonesus, and to those in famous Colchis.*
* When the Fables and Legends connected with these celebrated
Black Sea regions shaJJ have given up their secrets, to coming

THE SHIPS OF TARSHISH. 1 37
It was also intimated that a movement thence
to the " Isles of the West " was seriously contem
plated by some of their more daring spirits. *
News could arrive from this portion of the exiled
people far easier than from those who were situated
in the interior, for it came readily through the
Euxine and Grecian seas, and was generally brought
direct to Joppa, the great seaport of the tribe of
Dan, and by the hardy mariners and sea faring men
of this now already, almost universal people.
The Ships of Tarshish.
The day arrived in Anglo-Saxon history when
the term, an " East Indian Ship," became synony
mous with a " Merchantman " of any large descrip
tion, whether it traded in the east or west, and so it
had by those days come about in Israel's parlance
that a " Ship of Tarshish " called up similar ideas.
The term signified the ship, rather than any special
destination or foreign ownership, and the large, long
voyaging trading ships of Dan, and of his merchant
princes, and their colonies, primarily gave rise to
this distinction.
generations of students, it will be clearly seen that their teachings
are purely Israelitish, and their history Hebrew!
* Note well that these were the days that led up to the celebrated
" Argonautic Expedition," which set out from these very regions
and made straight for the " Western Isles." And note also that the
very name of the Pilot of this movement, Tiphis was a prophetic
sponsor for Tea Tephi, herself — David's daughter, Jeremiah's
Ward — who led a later and a greater expedition tothelsles I

I38 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
Now it is noticeable that these two correlative
terms, the modern " East-Indiaman," and the Israel-
itish "Ship of Tarshish," were generically the out
growth of the very same trade, since of all places
known in the days of Solomon as Tarshish, India her
self (or " Eastern " Tarshish) was by far the most re
nowned, even as she is still the greatest of all the so
called " Indian " marts attractive to the modern world.
But Western Tarshish was in those days Spain
and the western Isles (i. e. England' and Ireland!).
So long therefore as the " Ships of Tarshish " had in
Palestine a haven, so long the news of what took
place upon the very borders of the then known world
was fairly current. And so while England harbors
" Merchantmen," be they of the East or West In
dian service, there will never be a dearth of infor
mation from her colonial children.
Similar maritime incentives, navies relatively equal
in material and personal, equal enterprise, and com
mon origin, perhaps, account for such a mutual
resort to "India" or "Tarshish" for a distinctive
appellation for Dan's ancient and modern Mer
chantmen !
The genius of a Race outlives vocabularies !
Delenda Est.
But with the final captivity of " Israel," Joppa be
came not only lost to Dan, but so completely
destroyed that Palestine was thenceforth almost in
accessible to maritime intelligence.

deLenda est. 139
This, the second chapter in Israel's uprooting, took
place in 3284-5 A. M. and resulted in the complete
deportation of the remaining tribes of the North
ern Kingdom.
It was accomplished by Sargon, who swept the
land, from the north down to the very borders of
Judea, clear of all its remaining inhabitants, and
transported them to the same localities where their
brethren had been placed.
The Kingdom of Judah was thus left in the soli
tary possession of Palestine, and belted in by a land
whose depopulation was a silent warning that a sim
ilar fate awaited her unless she listened to her
Prophets. But there had been two tribes in "Israel," the
larger, richer and better part of whose population
had escaped this wholesale deportation into Assyria.
These were the shipping tribes of Dan and Simeon.
Not that they had escaped the consequences of
belonging to the doomed kingdom, but rather that
instead of waiting to be taken into captivity, they
had been driven into self-sought exile.
They escaped into it, for it was a voluntary act
of self-expatriation upon their part.
These tribes were most advantageously situated,
as well as provided with means, and educated, for
an immediate escape from the Assyrian wolf so
soon as his approach seemed inevitable and immi
nent. And so they took advantage of their opportunity.

140 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
although by so doing they were quite as effectually
"lost" to their own land, as were their less fortu
nate brethren of the north and east.
Dan's territory lay directly west of " Judah's," and
between it and the Mediterranean Sea, which was
its western limit. Simeon's lay south of Dan's and
also stretched along the coast toward Egypt.
The)r were pre-eminently the shipping tribes of
Israel. Indeed, from days that long preceded
those of Solomon, the tribe of Dan in particular,
had been unequalled in commercial pursuits and in
colonial enterprise.
In the earliest days his children had deserted
even Goshen in large numbers for the ocean's
greater freedom, and this instinct had developed
down the generations. So much so in fact that in
the days of Israel's captivity, Dan's resting place in
Palestine had already been nearly depleted of his
hardiest sons.
He had planted colonies from Colchis on the
Black Sea to Dannia in the " Islands of the west,"
and following a custom which he rarely omitted,
had named them all from his paternal ancestor.
This was his mode of laying claim to new terri
tory. He had left his name in Egypt (Tanais), and
no sooner had he entered into Palestine than, hav
ing established his first small timber-hewing col
ony in the oak and cedar country of Lebanon, he
changed its name from Laish into Dan.
It was in recognition of the colonizing and home

delenda est. 141
depleting policy of this particular tribe that Deb
orah had already taunted it with the question :
" Why did Dan abide in his ships? "
And it was a pointed question, for they were his
very castles of defence, and his constant refuge in all
times of trouble. Whatever else he sacrificed, in
days of crisis, he never burned them, and hence his
children never have been slaves.

So sing the children of Britannia still I
The land that rules the waves I
And Fair Columbia's daughters thrill
The echo, — " Never slaves I"

And so it was that Dan betook himself to them
in this final and most serious emergency.
It was manifest to his merchant princes that
unless they did so speedily, every hope of avoiding
the fate of the northern tribes was in vain.
The Simeonites were a people of similar spirit
and enterprise, and had long been associated with
Dan in maritime adventures. As their territory lay
yet further to the south, extending even to the
coast of Egypt, they were still better protected
from the Assyrian attack, covered as they were by
Judah also. Hence they had a longer time to make
their preparations and set at once about them.
At the first news of the return of the Assyrians to
complete the deportation of the Khumree, and to
bear the remaining tribes into the northern wilds of

142 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
Media,* and remembering that in the opening attack
of these relentless invaders, they had each lost flour
ishing colonies, these two more favored tribes pre
ferred to try the fortunes of a Sea whose very name
implies that it is central to all lands of freedom.
Following, therefore, an example often set to
them in the history of their peoples, they spread
their sails upon the highway of the nations, and per
manently left the Centre of the earth for its Circum
ference !
Their ships were ready.
Almost providentially they had been gathered
there against the day of need, and bore them into
willing exile.
Now it was among these two tribes that the
Canaanites and Philistines principally dwelt, — as ser
vants and in menial positions. (Josh, ix.)
These alien peoples shared in their escape, and
dwell with their descendants yet, — dwell with them
" to prove them," both to reprove and improve them,
perhaps, if that people who most seriously have
thorned the sides and pricked the eyes of both
ancient and modern Israel, be the Fenian Irish
who descend from the Phcenician Canaanites!

* This was of course only threatened in these days, for " Israel "
was at first temporarily located on the far east borders of Assyria
nor moved into Media, bodily, until the days of Esarhaddon, but
Dan knew the policy of the conqueror, and the contemplated sub
jugation of Media, and foresaw the measure in time to avoid being
entangled, jp its consequences,

"THE ISLANDS OF THE BLESSED." 143
"Hewers of wood" and "Haulers of water," for
both peoples, they disturb them still, and fulfil
prophecy to the very letter. (See 58th Identity
page 129, Study No. 1, Our Race.)
And so it came to pass that when the Assyrians
had worked their way, in the process of deportation,
down to the coasts of Dan, they found the land
more empty of inhabitants than Moscow was in
later days unto Napoleon, for Joppa even had been
sacrificed — they had reversed the usual method and
burned their harbor rather than their ships !
Similar surprises met the invaders in the land of
Simeon, so far as they could penetrate into its
wasted interior, for all who had failed to find ship
ping in their own country had made their way to
Egypt, where Tanais was also a favorite haven of
the Danite ships of Tarshish ; and from thence in
due time they also embarked, and soon were on
their way to join the others in the Isles.
" The Islands of the Blessed."
Two routes, there are, from Palestine unto the
Land of Refuge which Jehovah had of old reserved
for Israel in exile : the one direct and underneath
Gibraltar's frown ; the other, long and weary, the
overland route which leads by Arsereth and through
the northern wilderness ; along them both Dan
pioneered the way. But now we have chief interest
with those who chose the way by water.
The two tribes which had thus taken to their

144 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
ships, had agreed beforehand that the islands of the
remote west — " the Yarish Isles " — should be their
refuge and objective point.
En route some of them paused a while in Spain,
but others, and particularly the wealthier ones,
passed through the Gates of Hercules and soonest
reached the British Isles, or " farther Tarshish."
These islands had long been known to them by in
tercourse with Dannite colonists set there by Solo
mon. Their principal commodity of trade was tin,
with which the brass and bronze of the famous
Temple of Jerusalem had been made.
The mines of the Cassiterides were still famous
and the colonies of Tarshish — " a white or precious
stone " (Heb.) set in a silver sea, — were rich and
flourishing. It was then the Ultima Thule, far beyond the
reach of Gentile sway, so thither they set out.
In Hebrew this sanctuary was known as BRITHAM
or " the land of the Covenant," and verily Jehovah
had a covenant therewith ! It has been variously,
in different ages, called the Land of Souls, of Saints,
of Destiny, of Urim, and of Light. It was the Sa
cred Isle, and Evergreen as Beulah is. The land of
Dan or Pridian.
Favored by the God of Abraham, who had " cut
them out," for special and important purposes yet
hidden in the unturned leaves of destiny, they
reached their goal at the appointed time. Dan set
tled in the north of Ireland, and their Phoenician fol-

lost! — "no more a people." 145
lowers and companions gradually spread out in its
south, while Simeon landed in the southern part of
England. In the course of a few generations the greater
part of the Spanish Dannites again migrated, and
joining their Milesian brethren came into Ireland ;
and so at last all the escaped " wandered " there
and called themselves, in general, SCOTS.
The Irish county of Meath was the principal ter
ritory of Scotia Major, and Cathair Crohn (later
Tara) became their famous capital.
These colonies of Dan and Simeon grew in wealth,
enlightenment and civilization, until in later days
their fame excited the cupidity of the Csesars. For
a while the Simonii, (the Britons), fell under the
the shadow of the Roman Eagles, but never com
pletely so ; for they retired into the fastnesses of
Wales while the Dannan Tuaths of Ireland, in Roman
days, always dwelt secure, for by that time in the
history of Innis Fail there had been laid in Ireland,
in the Halls of Tara, a Corner Stone whereon a
Roman hand has never rested, but which was des
tined later, as it since has done, to fall most heavily
on Roman feet !
Lost !— " No More a People."
In a few brief generations, Dan and Simeon, far
away in Hyperborean regions, became wholly lost
and clean forgotten to their brethren — seven of the
ten tribes — who were struggling in the northern

146 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
wilds of Europe ; and to each of them the land of
Palestine became almost a myth, the stories of its
glorious days mere fables.
It was a mutual forgetting, and a double loss of
kinship and identity ; nay more, a triple one, for
Benjamin, the last of the " ten tribes," and Judah,
left in the Holy Land, remembered them in proph
ecy alone, and each of them, so separated were they
by the veil of Baalism from the ties of true religion,
had, long before they even left the land, put Judah
out of mind.
Moreover, the final phase of the Captivity of Is
rael, or the act which sealed it as an " accomplish
ment," was its repopulation by strangers — the Sa
maritans. This took place under Esarhaddon in
3317 A. M., and denied to the original inhabitants,
even had they so desired it, every hope of repos
session or return.
Then Babylon, not long thereafter, descended
upon Judah in her turn, and the captivity of the
latter, and the resulting utter desolation of the Holy
Land, — from Dan to Beersheba ! — increased the pall
oblivion had cast upon the scattered seed of Abra
ham. But long ere this occurred the Median captives had
followed in the footsteps of the small bands of Dan
and Simeon who had first escaped, and all the Israel-
itish tribes in Asia had passed out into the northern
wilderness of Europe through the Gate of the
Caucasus.

Unnumbered and unsealed 147
What likelihood was there that, passing through
such widely separated and contrasted exits, and each
a " wanderer " upon a different element, the Tribes of
Israel should ever reunite !
What proposition so preposterous as that, though
sifted, trodden down, and meted out, yet, one by
one, all should at last be gathered in a little Isle,
" from all the world disjointed," — and there resume
the name, and consciousness of being " Israel," and
find the Flag, the Sceptre, and the Throne of Judah,
the line of David, and the tender mercies of Jehovah!
Unnumbered and Unsealed.
It has often been noticed with surprise that in the
Census of Israel recorded in 1 Chronicles, no men
tion at all is made of Dan, his army, navy, or his
families. It is equally a subject of remark that the name of
this tribe is omitted in Revelations viii. where the
thousands of Israel are " sealed." Nevertheless
Ezekiel, predicting the still future distribution of
the Tribal territories, upon their final return, gives
Dan, as if recovered, a most honorable position.
But in the light now shed upon the special history
of this Tribe, the reason of these omissions is appar
ent. At the making of the Census, Dan was practically
away from Palestine; already he had spread into his
colonies or dwelt upon the sea; his census could not
be taken !

I48 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
Nor was there any need of " sealing " sons of Dan
against the wrath of Rome. His thousands never
came in contact with the danger that menaced all
the other tribes, for even Simeon, the ancient
Welsh, felt need of this protection.
Eldad, an eminent Jewish writer, tells us that,
" In Jeroboam's day. 975 B.C., Dan refused to shed his
brother's blood, and rather than go to war with
Judah (!) left the country, and went in a body to
Greece, to Javan (the British Isles) and to Den
mark. "
The learned Grotius also admits Dan's disappear
ance from the land of Canaan at an early date.
Dr. Wm. Smith, in his " History of Greece "(p. 18),
says, " Of all the heroic families in Greece, none was
more heroic than that of the Dan-ans of Argos."
Keating, in his " History of Ireland " says, "The
Dan-ans were a people of great learning and wealth,
they left Greece (?) after a battle with the Assyr
ians (J) and went to Ireland, and also to Denmark,
and called it Dan-mares, 'Dan's country.' '
In a work called the " Annals of Ireland " it is
said : " The Dan-ans were a highly civilized people,
well skilled in architecture and other arts from long
residence in Greece (?) and their intercourse with the
Phoenicians. Their first appearance in Ireland was
1200 B.C., or 85 years after the great victory of Deb
orah, (Jud. v. 17).
Jeremiah refers to a voice coming from Dan,
(chap. iv. 15) and Mount Ephraim, as if, at that very

UNNUMBERED AND UNSEALED. 149
time, i. e. his own day, Dan dwelt in a " far coun
try." Dr. Latham, in his " Ethnology of Europe " says :
" I think that the Eponymus of the Argive Danaia
was no other than that of the Israelitish tribe of
Dan : only we are so used to confine ourselves to
the soil of Palestine in our consideration of the Is
raelites, that we treat of them as if they were
adscripti-glebce , and ignore the share they may have
taken in the history of the world ! "
Humboldt considered the Greeks as Israelites, and
is very clear that the early inhabitants of Ireland
were pure Hebrews, and that large numbers of them
passed through Lacedaemonia and Spain on their
way to the Western Isles. Attest also, John Wil
son, Colonel Gawler, Fritz-Gerald, Giraldus, Cam-
brensis, Rawlinson's Herodotus, Kennedy's Ethnol
ogy, etc., etc.
" Portellus in his public lectures in Paris derives
the name of Ireland from the Jews, so that Irin is
quasi JURIN, i. e. " the land of the Jews." For he
says that the Jews (forsooth !) being the most skil
ful soothsayers, and presaging that the empire of
the world would at last settle in that strong angle
Angleland ! toward the west, took possession of
these parts, and of Ireland very early, and that the
Syrians and Tyrians also endeavored to settle them
selves there that they might lay the foundations of a
future empire." — Camden's Britannia (i55I_I623
A.D.).

150 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
Verily, all through the ages, has light broken
through the gloom which ha" encanopied God's
purposes, and for a moment, now and then, the
wiser of OUR RACE have caught a ray of truth, albeit
they were not permitted to perceive its full signifi
cance. But unto us on whom " the end of days " is draw
ing near, the unrestricted privilege is now vouchsafed
to read the story consecutively down to the present
day, and, if thereby we gain in wisdom, to be fore
warned of what else shortly is to follow.
The Rise of Babylon.
It was now the turn of Babylon to act as God's
instrument in the human drama. We accordingly
find her rising into prominence amid a sequence of
events and incidents which bear the special impress
of an overruling Providence.
No sooner had the overthrow of "Israel" been
completed, than Sennacherib the Assyrian, carrying
out the policy of his predecessors, Arbaces, Tiglath-
Pileser and Shalmaneser, turned his attention to the
people of "Judah," the remaining Hebrew kingdom.
With the intention, therefore, of destroying it
also, and likewise of eventually placing its captured
tribes in Media, whither the others were soon after
deported, he descended upon them with an over
whelming army.
But the iniquity of " Judah " was not yet full.
This was her day of grace.

THE RISE OF BABYLON. 1 5 1
It was yet to be seen if she would profit by the
fate of " Israel," and turn unto the Lord with a
whole heart.
It was, moreover, contrary to God's purposes,
which looked toward a complete separation of
"Israel" and "Judah," that Assyria should con
tinue her conquests. In the meanwhile, too, As
syria herself had been weighed and found wanting,
and her doom pronounced.
Had Sennacherib succeeded, the two Hebrew
peoples would have been reunited, would soon have
coalesced, and eventually both of them would have
been equally " Lost."
God would thus have been left with no recognized
" witness " among men ; that is, there would have
been no prominent and centrally located custodian
of his Scriptures, and the authority with which
" Moses and the Prophets " have spoken since then,
and still speak unto the present generations, would
have lost its seal and credence.
It was necessary to preserve these writings con
tinually in the full sight of all mankind, and at the
same time to put the several independent sequences
of events into operation, which were destined to
bring about their complete and final vindication in
latter days.
However, it is to the actual plan of history, and
not to what else might have been, that we must
confine ourselves in order to detect its bearing
upon subsequent events.

152 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
Sennacherib's army was completely overthrown
before he reached Jerusalem (3292 A. M., 704 B. C.)
by the direct act of Jehovah, and both Herodotus
and Berosus, corroborate the Bible account of the
calamity. As he groped his way back to Nineveh, dismayed
at the disaster to his arms, the very motions of the
Sun were ominous, for 'ere he reached his Capital,
the shadow had gone back upon the " Dial of
Ahaz," and all the world was, for a moment, awed !
Picking up the Combination.
Upon the failure of his operations against Judea
Sennacherib returned to Nineveh, and, at length,
directing his attention to Media, completed its con
quest. He was as much assisted by Providence in
this undertaking as he had been resisted in the
former one, for it was the subsequent transfer of
" Israel " — " the ten tribes " — into the cities of the
Medes, incident upon this conquest, and completed
by his son Esarhaddon, that prepared their way of
escape into the wilderness beyond — and thus brought
about their complete separation from "Judah" and
eventually led to their loss.
We have already discussed the chronology of
these events in the Second Study of this Series and
have pointed out the deep significance with which
it bears not only upon secular but upon prophetic
history. To that volume we refer the reader. In
the mean time it is necessary to call particular atten-

picking up the combination. 153
tion to the Providential way in which the events
which followed close upon the death of Sennacherib
were co-ordinated, and lent themselves to further
the designs which it is now manifest God had with
reference to the major section of his chosen people.
This catastrophe was the occasion of a double set
of intimately connected sequences of events which
must, therefore, be noted ere their several rapidly
shifting scenes become again confused.
In the first place, incident upon Sennacherib's
death, and immediately thereafter (3316 A. M.,
680 B. C.), Media revolted from Assyria, and there
upon the kingdom of the " Medes and Persians "
began to crystallize. Secondly, as we have already
intimated, and likewise consequent upon this over
throw, " Israel " took simultaneous occasion to es
cape from Media into the northern wilderness, and
thus became " lost " to records (33 1 7 A. M. , 679 B. C.)
In the mean time, the assassins of Sennacherib,
having escaped into Armenia, the kingdom was left
to their younger brother, Esarhaddon, — a king who
was destined to play a further important role in the
double Hebrew drama. It was Esarhaddon who
verified Isaiah's prophecy, given in 733 B. C, upon
the very spot where Sennacherib's invading army
stood, that " within three score and five years shall
Ephraim be broken that it be not a people " (Isa.
vii. compare xxxiii.) in that, in just sixty-five years
he completed the exile of "Israel" by replacing them
with heathen colonists, the Cutheans or Samaritans.

" She is the choice one of her that bare her. The
daughters sate her and blessed her; yea, the queens and
the concubines, and they praised her."
Solomon's Song, vi. 9.

The Romance Within the Romance
OR
The Philosophy of History.

PART II.
TEA TEPHI,
David's Daughter. Jeremiah's Ward,

"Her children arise up, and call her blessed; her
husband also, and he praiseth her." Prov. xxxi. 28.

THE ROMANCE WITHIN THE RO
MANCE.

Malus Ordo S^eclorum.
But not only did Esarhaddon thus accomplish
the final act of " Israel's " deportation ; it is also
with him that the sequence of events which led to
" Judah's " eventual overthrow commences. For at
the same time that he filled up the wasting territory
of " Israel " with strangers, he led Manasseh, the
young and wicked king of " Judah " away into tem
porary captivity to Babylon (2 Chron. xxxiii.).
This however was but a preliminary warning to
Judah, for Manasseh repented, and God in due time
restored him to his kingdom, while the nation not
repenting of their idolatry, was punished for the
sins which he had instigated (2 Kgs. xxi.).
In the mean time Esarhaddon, turning his atten
tion to matters nearer home, had conquered the city
and empire of Babylon, and had given that impetus
to its affairs which, before another century ended,
led to its golden greatness under Nebuchadnezzar.
During the 48 years following his death, two
kings succeeded both Esarhaddon and Manasseh,

158 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
respectively ; and in this interval the second
Empire of Assyria waned in greatness, proportionally
as that of Judah became sunken in idolatry.
In 3371 A.M. 625 B.C. its last king, Bel-zakir-
iskum, or Assur-ebil-ile ascended, and reigned six
years. With him, in 3377 a.m., this "Second Assy
rian Empire " ended. He perished in the .flames of
his palace which he fired when the Babylonians and
their allies entered Nineveh, and from this era the
Assyrians themselves are as much a " lost people "
.as the " Israelites" (vide " Our Race " Study No. 2,
page 153-4).
The " Chaldee Babylonian Empire " thus suc
ceeded, under Nabopolassar, the father of Nebuchad-
nezza, in 3377 A.M., and the instrument for the next
act in the Hebrew drama was made ready. It was
with the accession of this king that the "Times of
the Gentiles," now, thank God ! so nearly run out,
began their course— the Malus Ordo Sceclorum — the
day of evil, evil, EVIL ! and from it also dates the
" Call of Jeremiah."
It is important to bear these matters well in mind,
for thereby alone can we obtain a clear and compre
hensive understanding of Universal History, as co
ordinate and subordinate to that of " Israel," to
that of " OUR RACE," from the Mosaic standpoint. If
the reader will therefore turn to the Chronology of
the"" Chaldee Babylonian Empire," (pages 141-172,
Study No. 2) and use it as a vade mecum in our
further investigations, we shall have no trouble in

JEREMIAH OF ANATHOTH. i$C)
arriving at the gist of what is otherwise iiiefctrie-
able. We are at last writing "true history," and artic
ulating it upon the only skeleton where the ration
ale of every event becomes self-evident at oriee:
The old chronologies are full of errors, since they
are non astronomical, and of codrse there is no
" philosophy," nor raison d'etre, in their dependent
histories.
Jeremiah of Anathoth.
It is now necessary to set forth as clearly as pos
sible, the family relations which existed between
Jeremiah and the reigning house of Judah ; for
unless these relations be thoroughly understood, it
is impossible for the student to appreciate the inti
mate nature of the guardianship he exercised over
Zedekiah's daughters.
In our brief recital we shall generally follow the
data furnished by the Rev. George Hider in his
"Life and Times of Jeremiah," but in the chronol
ogy and genealogy submitted have adhered to the
results of our own studies and investigations, and
shall support them by sufficient references to guar
antee their acceptance.
The birth of Jeremiah occurred during the 40th
year of Manasseh's reign, (3347 a.m.), and he seems
to have been just nine years older than Josiah, (born
3356 A.M.), in the 13th year (3377 A.M.) of whose later
reign he received his " Commission " as a prophet.

too TH£ PHILOSOPHY OE HISTORY.
With this slight difference of years, which enabled
the former to be the tutor of the latter for a time,
these two young men grew up together, and their
constant friendship was eventually cemented by a
romantic marriage which actually made one (Jere
miah) the father-in-law of the other !
Intoxicated by power and poisoned by Phoenician
and Babylonian flattery and idolatry, the early man
hood of Manasseh was stained by cruelty of the
worst kind, in which Isaiah and other prophets and
saintly men and women were massacred. His first
twenty-one years of misrule were followed by his
sudden conversion while temporarily a prisoner of
war, and upon his quickly following release he insti
tuted the final thirty-four years of wise and pious
government, of which we have but scanty records.
" At the birth of Jeremiah nearly nineteen of these
quiet years had already transpired and the ' Daughter
of Zion ' had wiped away the tears shed over the graves
of her martyred prophets, priests and bards, while
piety and wisdom were once more breathing freely.
Instead of the holy fathers who had fallen, had
come up their children, who had become honest and
faithful servants of God and the King, and Idolatry
having concealed her brazen face, the fear of God
again became the stability of the times."
" These godly courtiers and priests were in the
prime of youthful manhood when the young
prophet was born, and many of his near relations
were not only in the service of the throne but were

JEREMIAH OF LIBNAH. l6l
allied by blood and marriage to the royal family.
Among these we find Shallum, the uncle of Jere
miah, whose son, Hanameel, was probably about the
same age as our prophet, and another relative, Ahi-
kam, who was afterwards the prime minister of the
kingdom, and the great champion of Jeremiah and
his family. Neriah, another relative, must have
been somewhat older, as his sons, Baruch and Se-
riah, became subsequently the prophet's pupils."
Jeremiah of Libnah.
According to a Rabbinical tradition quoted by
Plumptre, the whole of this family circle, includ
ing the most prominent courtiers of Josiah, were
lineally descended from the harlot Rahab, and were
therefore closely related to the princes of the house
of David ; but there is not the least worthy founda
tion for Plumptre's unwarranted suggestion that
there were two Jeremiahs and two Hilkiahs con
nected with the same court at the same time ! *
Upon the other hand there is every reason to
conclude that the Hilkiah who was Josiah's High
Priest, and the Jeremiah of Libnah, are identical
with Hilkiah, the Priest, and Jeremiah of Ana-
thoth. In this conclusion we not only agree with Clem-

* This savors of the method of the higher criticism which as
easily finds two Isaiahs (I), and in general multiplies all the characters
of Scripture from lack of faith and patient effort to solve its riddle§.

1 62 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
ent Alexandrinus and Jerome, among the fathers,
but with Eichhorn, Calovrus, Maldonatus, Von
Bolen, and others among later authorities, all of
whom recognize the identity of the two Hilkiahs.
It is more usual, however, to regard Jeremiah as a
member of Abiathar's line, and to rest the matter
solely on the ground that the latter is known to
have possessed " fields " in Anathoth (i Kgs. ii.
26), where Hilkiah for a time was simply an ordi
nary priest (Jer. I. 1). In rebuttal of this error it
is strongly argued that these properties may have
been upon the maternal side in each instance ! In
our own opinion, however, it will be eventually
established that Anathoth was in reality the pater
nal inheritance, and fell to Shallum, Hilkiah's elder
brother, whereupon Hilkiah himself succeeded to the
maternal 'property at Libnah, moved to it, and resided
there until elevated to the High Priesthood, by a
special act. At any rate it is certain that Jeremiah
himself had no legal rights in Anathoth until he
was fifty-six years old, when he purchased them
from Hanameel !-
Both Libnah and Anathoth (1 Chron. vi. 57, 60)
are enumerated among the thirteen cities assigned
to Eleazer's house of Priests and Levites, and Shal
lum, the father of Hilkiah, appears to have inherited
property in each locality — no doubt by inter
marriage. For a while Hilkiah dwelt at Anathoth
where lay the paternal inheritance ; but, upon the
death of his father Shallum, he seems to have

JEREMIAH OF LIBNAH. 1 63
moved to Libnah, relinquishing Anathoth to his
elder brother Shallum.
This was evidently after Jeremiah's birth (Jer. i. 1)
which occurred at Anathoth during the elder
Shallum's High Priesthood, and while Hilkiah
himself was only an ordinary priest in course, but it
seems to have antedated Jeremiah's marriage, and
the birth of his daughter Hamutal (2 Kgs. xxiii.
31) who eventually became the second wife and
Queen-consort of Josiah !
It was not until many years later (3416 A.M.) that
for lack of heirs, Hanameel, the son of Shallum
Jeremiah's uncle, offered Anathoth to the prophet,
who purchased it, and thereupon became the owner
of both properties in his own right. (Jer. xxxii. 7).
In addition to the foregoing considerations, we
must not ignore the intentional element, which,
introduced into this story by the very lack of direct
evidence, has always tended to conceal the true
relationship which actually existed between Jere
miah and his Ward ; nor should we fail to recognize
the probability that this misinterpretation of the rec
ords was expected to continue until the destiny of
OUR RACE had been well worked out in spite of us !
For had the case been different it is almost certain
that the History we are now writing would have long
ago been fully understood, and the lapse in David's
Line have been bridged centuries ago, which would
have thwarted the very intentions of Jehovah !
From these relations it will be apparent that this

164 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
great prophet was born into a social circle of the
highest eminence, and that the confusion which has
hitherto resulted from a misunderstanding of his
double domicile, is completely dissipated.
However, to complete the demonstration, and to
settle this controversy for the future, we submit upon
the opposite page a skeleton genealogy showing
forth the true facts as they are duly recorded in
the Scriptures referred to.
Cemented Friendships.
The parents of Jeremiah, under inspiration of
God, separated him from his birth to the prophetic
office, a calling which, particularly in those days,
demanded spiritual enthusiasm and courage of the
highest order. But the latter were supplied by
One who had foreseen his fitness long before his
parents ! (Jer. i. 5.)
In the year 3359 A.M. Jeremiah married a Levite
maiden of Libnah, whither his parents had moved
upon the death of Shallum, and, at the early age of
thirteen, became the father of Hamutal, who was
thus four years younger than Josiah, whom she
eventually married. Hamutal seems to have been
the Prophet's only child, at least the only one of
whom we have any record.
Two years later, or when Jeremiah was fifteen
years old, Manasseh died, and the kingdom fell to
Amon, the father of Josiah. For a brief period of
Terror the Sceptre of David was wielded by his

THE GENEALOGY OF JEREMIAH, ZEDEKIAH AND HIS DAUGHTERS.

JACOB.

Judah,Pharez,Hezron,Ram,Amminadab,Nahshon,
Salmon,Boaz,Obed,
Jesse, David,Solomon,
Rehoboam, Abijah,Asa,
Jehoshaphat,Johoram, Ahaziah,
Joash, Amaziah,
Azariah,Jotham, Ahaz,Hezekiah,

Manasseh, Shallum

I
Araon,
JOSIAH,- I
ZEDEKIAH,

Levi,Kohath, Am ram, X
Aaron, X
Eleazar, x
Phinehas,Abishna,Buhhi,Uzzi,Zerahiah,
Meraioth,Amariah, Ahitub,
Zadok,Ahimaaz, Azariah,
Johanan,Azariah,Amariah,Ahitub,Zadok,SHALLUM,

Gen. xxix. 34.
Gen. xlvi. 11.
Joehebed. Elisheba. Ex. vi. 20-23.
Daughter of EutieL Ex* vi. 28-25.

*%

Hanameel ^™*of
Jer. xxxii. 7. I,
 X-

HILKIAH

^1. Ch. vt. 18. 2E
HJer. i. 1. II. Ch.

!gs. xxil. 4,.
xxxiv. 9.

Anathoth ^"JEREMIAH ( of Libnah.
Ch. vi. 60. [ 1 L Ch. vi. 57.
 HAMUTAL.
II. Kgs. xxiii. 81. <—
I. Ch. vi. IB. Jehozadak

Azariah.— Ezk. vii. 1.
Seraiah.— I. Ch. vi. 14.
Ezra.— Ezr. vii. 1.

* The King's Daughters: " among whom
TEA TEPHI, as his Ward, went with
her great-grandfather, Jeremiah, to

Jaddua, Jonathan, Joiada. Jeshua, Joiakim, Eliashib.
Neh. 13. 10, 11.

pt, is still remembered there as " the Jew's daughter," and1 having disappeared from thence, re-appears in
i ''Pharaoh's daughter," where her Tomb now is. containing Spoila Opimaf

Irish Chronicles as *

l66 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
drunken hands, and in the delirium of power the
young king's excesses began to realize the worst
days of Manasseh : but happily for the country his
violence was most bitterly felt at his own palace,
where, stung to madness by his unreasonable cruelty,
his own servants struck him to the ground.
The boy Josiah now ascended to the throne at
eight years of age, his ascension being at the com
mencement of 3365 A.M., and the nation began once
more to settle down from the terrible alarm that
had been created by Amon's violence ; for they
knew that the real authority of the government
would be in the hands of the wise and good men
comprising the circle of Jeremiah's relatives.
These tutors under Hilkiah, the father of Jere
miah, and who was soon promoted to the High
Priesthood, were careful in training the young king
in the paths of virtue and goodness, and from this
time we may date the growing friendship of the lat
ter for Jeremiah.
At the age of thirteen Josiah, then in the fifth
year of his reign, married Zebudah, the daughter of
Pedaiah of Rumah. She was his first wife, and
the next year, 3370 A.M., bore to him a son, the un
fortunate Jehoiakim (2 Kgs. xxiii. 36).
The following year the King, who from childhood
had been attracted by the beauty of his playmate
Hamutal, the grand-daughter of Hilkiah the High
Priest, sought her hand in a second marriage. She
was then a beautiful maiden just budding into

JEREMIAH COMMISSIONED. 1 67
womanhood, and we may be confident that her
father, Jeremiah, bestowed her upon his friend most
gladly. She soon became his favorite Queen, and the
intimacy between the two families was still further
cemented, when, under the influence of these re
newed associations, the young king " began to seek
after the God of David his father."
The King's reformation seems to have followed
almost immediately upon this happy marriage, which
marked the seventh year of his reign ; for its public
manifestation is recorded to have occurred in his
eighth year, (2 Chron. xxxiv. 3), which also marked
the birth of Jehoahaz, Hamfflal's eldest son (2 Kgs.
xxiii. 31).
In the twelfth year of his reign the King's enthu
siasm reached its climax, and he became a public
reformer than wh'om few are more famous in his
tory, for in this year " he began to purge Judah and
Jerusalem from the high places and the groves, and
the carved images and the molten " ones that testi
fied to so many former generations of misrule.
(2 Chron. xxxiv. 3-7.)
Jeremiah Commissioned.
In the meantime, we may be sure that the young
Levite, Jeremiah, had been moved to a serious con
templation of the higher calling to which he un
doubtedly knew he was destined, when he should
arrive at the legal age of thirty. He was then but

l68 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
twenty-nine, and no doubt had mapped out a care
ful line of study for the coming year.
But Jehovah's work was of a special nature in
this instance, and contemplated no further delay.
So, as the thirteenth year of Josiah's reign began,
the all important 3377 A.M., the startling sum
mons was issued, — as startling, to the Prophet, as
the " Feast of Trumpets," at the time of which it
seems to have occurred !
It was in vain (Jer. i. 6), that the prophet plead
his "youth," — that is his legal childhood, which ap
parently debarred him, with sevenfold stringency
(Num. iv. 3, 23, 30, 35, 39, 43, 47 !) from exercising
any such vocation, for*at least some months.
He was, indeed, " a lad " in the sense that Ben
jamin was so designated (Gen. xliv. 31) ; for in spite
of the fact of the ten children (Gen. xlvi. 21), with
which the latter entered Egypt, he was, in the eyes
of an eastern custom, already well settled, " a little
one " (Gen. xliv. 20). And it was undoubtedly in
this spirit that Jeremiah himself pleaded rather for
delay, than a release.
But the Maker is greater than the Law ; and,
although he fulfilled it to the letter himself (Luke
iii. 23), he chose to make an exception in the case
of Jeremiah, and so informed the prophet (Jer. i.
7-10). We have already called attention (Study No. 2,
PP- ^S-^), to the supreme chronological importance
of this date in General History and Prophecy ; but

A NEW YEAR'S GIFT. 1 69
a perusal of the II. and several succeeding chapters
of Jeremiah's book, will bear out the statement that
his mission to " Judah " (and to " Israel," in so far
as Benjamin was its representative), began at once.
A New Year's Gift.
His words appear to have been particularly heeded
by Josiah, who prosecuted his general reformations
to their completion (2 Chron. xxxiv. 4-7), and in his
celebrated eighteenth year was busily occupied in
restoring the temple of Jerusalem with the help of
Hilkiah, his energetic High Priest.
It was while carrying out this good work, and
groping "among the treasure chests, that the keen
eyes of Hilkiah discovered a cabinet, the door of
which had probably been unopened since the com
mencement of the great persecution in the days of
Manasseh. When it was opened, it was found to contain a
treasure greater than all the thousands of gold and
silver that were about to be expended in repairing
the ruins of the temple.
This treasure was nothing less than a complete
copy of the Law, with the five books of Moses, the
only copy that had escaped the flames !
This precious discovery was handed by Jere
miah's father to Shapan, the Secretary of State,
who, having showed it to the king, was commanded
to gather all the cabinet ministers, and inquire of
the Lord what was to be the fate of the nation.

170 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
The Prophetess Huldah was appealed to for assist
ance, and declared the approaching downfall of the
nation, but assured the king that it would not oc
cur in his reign.
The result was that a solemn assembly of the
people was called, and all the words of the Law were
read in their ears, it being the season of the New
Year's festival ; and at its conclusion the king re
newed his oath, and (with the people) made a cove
nant upon the ancient Coronation Stone of BETHEL.
(2 Chron. xxxiv., 29-33, 2 Kgs. xxiii.,i— 3\ the same
that figured "as the manner was" in the corona
tion of Joash and of all his fathers (2 Kgs. xi. 14;
2 Chron. xxiii., 13) and SUCCESSORS!
'Among the rest who came to this assembly was
Jeremiah, who listened with a great heart-hunger,
and greedily devoured every word, and who, speak
ing afterwards to the Lord of this meeting, ex
claimed : ' Thy words were found, and I did eat
them, and Thy word was unto me the joy and
rejoicing of my heart ; for I am called by Thy name,
O Lord God of hosts.' "
The Great Passover.
This great discovery was followed by the crown
ing act of the restoration of the simple and primitive
worship of God, namely : the calling of the people
to one of the most famous Passovers ever cele
brated (2 Chron. xxxv. 1-19). It was held in the
same eighteenth year, or about six months after the

THE GREAT PASSOVER, 171
discovery of the Law, to wit, at the beginning of
the Sacred Year, (3382 A. M.)
About the time of this Passover Jehoiakim, the
only son of Josiah by Zebudah, arrived at the age of
twelve. He was duly presented in the Temple, as
was the Hebrew custom, and, being at the espousal
age, he was soon after married.
Thenceforward the king assiduously devoted
himself to the prosecution of the task he had be
gun. Sparing no efforts to make his work com
plete, he even employed detectives to ferret out all
who worked any abominations in the land of Judah,
(2 Kgs. xxiii. 24) and soon succeeded in putting
down at least all open opposition to Jehovah.
Hence it is very justly recorded of Josiah that
" like unto him was there no king before him, that
turned to the Lord with all his heart, and with all
his soul, and with all his might, according to all the
law of Moses ; neither after him arose there any
like him." (2 Kgs. xxiii. 25).
In the mean time the twenty-first year of Josiah's
reign drew near, and at its commencement Hamu
tal gave birth to her second son, the famous Zede
kiah, (3385 A. M.) who, in his own twenty-first
year, (3406 A. M.) the year from which we date " the
Captivity of Judah," became the last monarch of
the Davidic Line, of whom any record is preserved
in Scripture.
However, in the year 3388 A.M. Jehoiachin, the
first and probably the only son of Jehoiakim was

172 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
born, and thus the legal chances of the sceptre
remaining in the hands of Zebudah's branch of Jo-
siah's family seemed to be insured.
During the quiet decade which followed Zede-
kiah's birth Palestine seemed to have fully recov
ered her vitality and strength.
But after all, the reformation was only an en
forced one, and, as all history testifies in similar cases,
the sins of Judah broke out afresh so soon as the
personal influence of Josiah was withdrawn. Nor is
there any doubt that it was on account of her
secret sins, — beyond the reach of any mere human
reformer, — that the fierceness of God's anger con
tinued unappeased.
The Second Commandment.
The penalty for the sins of Manasseh and his
contemporaries obeyed a universal law, and in due
time was literally " visited upon the third and
fourth generation " — upon Jehoiakim and Jehoia-
chin his son, and upon Zedekiah and his sons.
The decree of Jehovah was inevitable, for it had
been based upon the foreseen insincerity of Judah's
protestations, hence also it is recorded, in terms
that expressly recognize the continued distinction
between "the two kingdoms": — that " The Lord
said, I will remove JUDAH also out of my sight, as
I have removed Israel," (2 Kgs. xxiii. 27.)
At the close of this decade the reign of Josiah
had attained the measure of a normal generation,

THE SECOND COMMANDMENT. 1 73
and, as the king was but thirty-eight years old,
would probably have been much longer, had not a
fatal mistake in policy, long foreseen of God,
brought it to a sudden termination.
It was in the latter part of the next, his thirty-
first and final year, that Pharaoh Necho came up
against the king of Babylon, with whom Josiah had
formed an offensive and defensive alliance. For in
spite of Pharaoh's disavowal of any hostile intent
against Judah, Josiah espoused the side of Nabopo-
lassar, the new king of Chaldea.
Probably one of the determinant causes of this
alliance was the unwarranted invasion of neutral
territory by the Egyptians, for their, armies skirted
the western borders of Palestine in order to cross it
far above Jerusalem, and although the land lay
beyond the actual domain of Judah, and had been
practically empty ever since the deportation of
" Israel," Josiah naturally considered it a piece of
bold effrontery.
His army, which shared in his resentment, was in
fine condition, and had long been chafing against
inaction in a day when all the world was far more
familiar with the din of arms than wedded to the
blessings of peace, and so the king went out to meet
the Egyptians at Megiddo, with the plain inten
tion of cutting off their retreat, and unwisely, with
out waiting for a junction with the troops of
Babylon. It was in this short and decisive battle that the

174 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
king received his mortal wound, and died in his
chariot upon the way back to his capital.
All Jerusalem and Judah mourned for his sudden
end, and it is very naturally recorded that Jere
miah, in particular, " lamented for Josiah," his own
son-in-law! (2 Chron. xxxv. 25.)
ZERAH VERSUS PHAREZ.
We must now relate the closing act of " Judah's"
downfall, which commenced with the tragic death
of Josiah. It is divided into several subordinate
scenes, and terminates in a final episode, which, like
the one that consummated " Israel's " fate, effect
ually removed the sceptre of David from Jerusalem,
and from eastern observation.
The House of Pharez, twin to that of Zerah, had,
from its birth, been threatened with a breach (Gen.
xxxviii. 25-30), and the day drew near for making it.
For nearly twelve hundred years, the descendants
of Pharez had successfully usurped the privilege of
Judah's regal birthright, while those of. the twin
brother, Zerah, marked from his birth with the
Scarlet-Thread — emblem of Royalty — had been
Scythians and wanderers.
But the star of Zerah was already glowing brightly
in the zenith, and, by a most remarkable sequence
of events, the leading descendant of this other half
of Judah's tribe, was even then being unconsciously
prepared for the transfer of the Sceptre, in the
Western Isles.

THE BEGINNING OF THE END. 175
It is no part of our present purpose, however, to
attempt to harmonize Keating, Pineda, Feilden and
others, and show how probable and possible it is,
that Fenusia Farsa, Scytha, and Zerah, are one and
the same person, the son of Baal, Jupiter, or Judah,
and that Gadelas, the great Milesian progenitor of
the Irish kings, was his direct descendant, so well as
the forefather of Eochaid, the Heremon, with whom
we soon shall have so much to do.
It is sufficient merely to note this, in passing, as a
strongly mooted side issue, one which possesses pe
culiar merits and attractions for careful antiquarian
research, and one which we shall discuss in the next
Study of our series and fortify with new data.
Whether there is sufficient foundation for the
Milesian descent from Zerah or not, this line be
came closely interwoven with the royal one of the
Tuatha de Danaans, and the twain of them, in
Heremon, were duly joined to that of David's, when
his Royal Remnant escaped through the breach
that Pharez suffered at the hands of Babylon, and
came to " Eron."
The Beginning of the End.
In the confusion incident upon Josiah's sudden
death, it was very natural that the influence of
Jeremiah should have led the people of the land to
take Jehoahaz, Josiah's eldest son by Hamutal, his
favorite Queen, and make him king in his father's
stead, rather than his half-brother Eliakim, although

176 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
the latter was nearly two years older (2 Kgs. xxiii.
30-32)- But the new King was not worthy of this honor,
and as he did evil from the start he was visited with
swift destruction. His downfall was no doubt
brought about by the plottings of the other faction
who turned to Egypt for assistance, as the sympa
thies of Babylon were known to be with Jeremiah's
side of the family.
The death of Josiah had re-awakened the long
slumbering jealousies which existed between the
rival Queens, and now at last, by dint of broader in
fluence Zebudah's son secured the promise of Egyp
tian preferment — thus the secret sins of Judah first
developed into Conspiracy. Let us therefore con
tinue our sketch of the way in which the long threat
ened breach descended upon the House of Pharez.
Immediately after the true meaning of the oc
currences at Jerusalem had been reported to him,
Pharaoh Necho, diverted from his original intention
of seeking battle with the Babylonians, turned aside
to beseige Jerusalem (3395 A. M., 601 B. a), in the
interest of Zebudah's faction, for he by no means
relished the idea of again leaving so, strong a city in
his rear, now that he knew its tendencies were so
decidedly with the Chaldeans.
The city fell without resistance, and Jehoahaz,
the son and successor of Josiah, surrendered him
self to Pharaoh within three months after his acces.
sion to the throne of Judah,

THE BEGINNING OF THE END. 1 77
Necho thereupon made Eliakim, the son of
Zebudah, the king of Judah in his half-brother's
stead, and changed his name to Jehoiakim, laid a
heavy tribute upon the land, and departed for
Egypt, carrying the captured monarch, Jehoahaz,
with him.
The latter appears to have died soon after in
Egypt without any posterity, and Jehoiakim, for the
next three years, faithfully sent annual tribute to
Pharaoh Necho. — (Josephus and the Bible.)
At the time of her overthrow, and of her son's
captivity, Hamutal herself was just thirty-five years
old, while Zedekiah, or Mattaniah as he was then
called, was in the middle of his eleventh year — " ten
years old." For the younger Queen, therefore,
nothing but retirement remained possible, and this
she was not slow to realize. So, withdrawing
almost immediately from public life, she soon
returned to Libnah with her only son. Here she
devoted herself to Mattaniah's education and to the
sorrows of her widowhood, occasionally, only, visited
by Jeremiah, whose time was now spent mostly in
Jerusalem, where his labors as a prophet were daily
increasing in magnitude.
It appears that his own wife was now dead, and that
the Prophet, then forty-eight years old, was contem
plating a second marriage with some one in Jerusa
lem. This, however, he was immediately forbidden
to accomplish (Jer. xvi.), nor does he seem there
after to have again entered the bonds of wedlock.

i78 the philosophy of history.
The Fall of Zebudah's Line.
But this Egyptian king returned no more against
the land of Judah, for the "Chaldee Babylonian
Empire " had now reached its full development,
and Nebuchadnezzar, having destroyed Necho and
his power, at Carchemish, and invaded Palestine With
a powerful army, at last acquired all of its territory
that by previous conquest had pertained to Pharaoh
Necho, " even from the river of Egypt to the river
Euphrates " (2 Kgs. xxiv. 7.)
The Babylonian conqueror now directed his own'
attention to the troublesome city of Jerusalem, and
soon brought it underneath his yoke. Jehoiakim
was at this time bound in chains, and was upon the
point of being carried captive to Babylon, but he
purchased his release with money, and agreed to
pay yearly tribute to Nebuchadnezzar.
The latter contented himself with these promises,
and carried away a part of the vessels of the House
of God, and certain of the kings sons, and of the
princes of the land, who according to previous proph
ecy (Isa. xxxix. 7) became eunuchs in his palace.
Among these were Daniel and his companions.
Jehoiakim now became a vassal of Babylon, and
paid tribute faithfully to Nebuchadnezzar during
the three succeeding years ; but- in 3402 A. M., 594
B.C., upon hearing that the kingof Babylon made
an expedition against the Egyptians, he turned and
rebelled against him.

The fall of zebudah's line. 179
During the four remaining years of his troubled
reign Babylon was too much occupied in other
localities to attend to the minor affairs of Judah,
but in 3406 A. M. 590 B. C. Nebuchadnezzar re
turned to mete out the long delayed punishment.
He was received with open gates and no resist
ance, and breaking all faith with those who kept
no covenants Josephus tells us that "he slew such
as were in the flower of their age, and such as were
of the greatest dignity, together with their king
Jehoiakim, whom he commanded to be thrown
before the walls without any burial." (See Study
No. 2, page 161.)
But a single son still remained to Jehoiakim,
namely Jehoiachin, whom Nebuchadnezzar (previ
ous to his departure for Babylon) placed upon his
father's throne. Then taking with him three thou
sand of the surviving principal persons, among whom
zvas the prophet Ezekiel, he set out for home.
Nebuchadnezzar, however, does not seem to have
gotten further than Hamath, his usual base of
operations against Palestine, before he repented of
his selection. We prefer to discern the possible
influence of Jeremiah, and of Hamutal's party in this
change of Nebuchadnezzar's mind. Josephus, how
ever explains it as follows : " But a terror seized on
the king of Babylon who had given the kingdom to
Jehoiachin, and that immediately, for he was afraid
that he would bear him a grudge because he slew his
father, and thereupon should make the county rebel."

180 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
Therefore, Jehoiachin, or Coniah as he is else
where called, had reigned but three months and ten
days, when another Babylonian army, under Nebu-
zar-adan, as Captain of the Host, returned to
Jerusalem, recaptured it and continuing their devas
tations took from thence the king and his family,
and all the treasures of the House of the Lord, and
of the king's house. He carried away in fact " all of
Jerusalem, and all the princes, and all the mighty
men of valor, even ten thousand captives, and all
the craftsmen and smiths, none remained only the
poorest sort of the people of the land." (2 Kgs.
xxiv. 10-11.) This was the end of the hopes of
Pharez in Zebudah's line — the sceptre of David
fell from its hand forever. The catastrophe oc
curred in 3406 A. M. 590 B. c, and marks the full
commencement of the " 70 year captivity " of
Judah. This date is thenceforth consistently
employed by Ezekiel as an a quo in his Chronicles
and Prophecies, by Jeremiah, and by Daniel in his
calculations. (Dan. ix. 2).
But Jerusalem had yet alloted to her eleven
further years of grace ; and so, before leaving ulti
mately for Babylon with his spoil and captives,
Nebuchadnezzar, who had now himself returned
upon the scene, sent down to Libnah for Hamutal
and her son. Upon their arrival he made Matta
niah, the last remaining son of Josiah, that is the
uncle of Jehoiachin, the tributary king of Judah,
and changed his name to Zedekiah, and he also

THE LOFTY CEDARS OF LEBANON. 181
" made him take an oath that he would certainly
keep the kingdom for him, and make no innovation,
nor have any league of friendship with the Egyp
tians." — (Josephus.)
The Lofty Cedars of Lebanon.
Of Jehoiachin we read (2 Kgs. xxv. 27) that after
he had languished for full thirty-seven years (!) in
Babylonian prisons, Evil-Merodach, then the king of
Babylon, at last " had compassion on him, and set
his throne above the throne of the other captive
kings that were with him in Babylon," and that he
had a daily allowance given him for the remaining
years of his life. These probably were not many,
as he was already fifty-five years of age at the time
of his release. (Compare 2 Kgs. xxiv. 8, xxv. 27.)
Jehoiachin was the eldest son of Jehoiakim, who
was himself born 3370 A. M., and married 'in 3382-83
A. M. Jehoiachin was born in 3388 A. M. The
Record in 2 Chron. xxxvi. 9 is a manifest mistran
scription by the Scribes, the ¦>, in n\ (i. e. 18,) having
been overlooked ! thus leaving n only, i. e. 8 ! If the
latter year is chosen for Jehoiachin's age he was but
forty-five at his release, but the discrepancy remains,
and it is clearly easier to suppose the overlooking
by omission, of the ' than its deliberate addition to
the n. The full account found in the LII. chapter
of Jeremiah concerning this transaction is as follows :
verses 31-34.
" And it came to pass in the seven and thirtieth

182 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
year of the captivity of Jeho.iachin, king of Judah,
in the twelfth month, in the five and twentieth day
of the month, (sacred oi course! as all the years of
the Captivity were) that Evil-Merodach, king of
Babylon in the first year of his reign, lifted up the
head of Jehoiachin, king of Judah, and brought
him forth out of prison. " And spake kindly unto
him, and set his throne above the thrones of the
kings that were with him in Babylon, " And
changed his prison garments : and he did continually
eat bread before him all the days of his life. " And
for his diet, there was a continual diet given him
of the king of Babylon, every day a portion until
the day of his death, all the days of his life."
The above record is of course the work of a
scribe, the whole LII. chapter being of the nature
of a postscript to the scroll ; for every one admits
that Jeremiah himself had disappeared from Egypt
at least fourteen years before this date, and the
chapter makes no pretentions to being a prophecy !
It is also noticeable that while apparently made up
from 2 Kgs. xxv. 27, the latter record makes the
date of the month to have been the 27th. We do
not think, however, that these accounts are essen
tially discrepant.
The order of Evil-Merodach probably bore the
date of the 25th, and the King was released, in due
course, upon the 27th. Similar cases of reprieve
are occurring daily, as our own prison records show!
Finally, from a general calculation, it seems cer-

THE FORTY CEDARS OF LEBANON. 1 83
tain to the author that Evil-Merodach's order was
given on the day which in later years became the
Fast of Esther, and that the king's release fell, by a
similar strange anticipation, upon the Feast of
Purim ! *

* We must be pardoned for this digression in the midst of such
interesting incidents, because it is really of far greater importance
than it seems to be if our surmises, published in Study No. 2 (pp.
82, 203-16), with reference to the superlative importance of. the
period of time comprehended in the current, Civil, and Sacred
Hebrew years, Sept. 1890 to March 1892, a. d., are correct. If so
then the very date of issue of that volume, Autumnal equinox, 1890,
Sept. 15, (Lunar), and 22 (Solar), marks the actual expiration of 2445
Solar years = 2520 Lunar ones, with all the possibilities implied
before us! As a fact that publication did synchronize with most
remarkable Jewish movements, and they still continue unabated !
For the request presented to the President upon March 5, 1891, A.D.
a New Year's Day, in so far as Manasseh's or Jonathan's Adminis
tration is concerned, — and looking towards an International
Congress to devise means for Judah's return to Palestine is
nothing else than the "Jewish Irredentalism " already anticipated
against that date, in the table opposite page 206 in Study No. 2.
The reader is again referred to that Study in this connection ; for
the possibility that we are close upon Prophetical interpretations of
vast import, and the certainty that we are at last upon the only
true scale of Astro-Chronological years, are fully warranted.
H*ence, the table given opposite to Page 206 in the study referred to,
considered as a Prophetic Scale, (column seven), is either used in its
accurate place (as to " shortened " Lunar time) or the 2520 Solar
years must be slipped bodily down and count from some important
date in Nebuchadnezzar's own reign, perhaps his 2nd year, i.e., it can
not be moved below the Soli-Lunar epact of September 23, 1919 A. D.,
or at any rate the whole period cannot begin later than some
date connected with his typical insanity. Time will soon show which
position is correct, and it may be confidently asserted that hereafter

l8"4 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
But to return to Jehoiachin's release in the year
3443 a. M. 553 B. c. The very existence of this
king at a time, which was but thirty-three years be
fore Judah's de jure release from the Babylonian
captivity of seventy years, is a point to be particu
larly noticed, for it is direct evidence that at least
down to the year 3443 A. M. 553 B. c, that is
at the close of the "sacred" year, 3443, David still
had a living representative — " a man to sit upon his
throne." The captured kings whom the Babylonians gath
ered about them were frequently entrusted with
subordinate administrations as to their own co-
patriots in captivity. The text and collateral con
texts imply that at least so long as Jehoiachin
thereafter lived, he held some such recognized posi
tion, and as a duly anointed successor of David, his
sway, though limited, and in a foreign land, gives at
least a color of fulfilment, which extends for twenty-
six years after Zedekiah' s own captivity.
But this is merely of importance to us as a means
of spanning these very twenty-six years, during

no one hazards any reputation in boldly announcing the rapidly ex
piring END OF THIS AGE 1 For if' they do, and if the Suns of
the Coming Century go down without reply to the question of the
waiting ones, " How long, O Lord, How long ? " then it will be surely
said that OUR God himself " is sleeping," even more soundly than
Baal was in the days of Elijah I (i Kgs. xviii. 27.) But we live amid
fulfilments already far too startling not to know, if we be " wise,"
that " Sabbaoth " is not asleep I

THE LOFTY CEDARS OF LEBANON. 1 85
which, as we shall show, Jehovah had regard to
David's interests in an entirely different direction.
For it is quite impossible that any of this man's,
Conialis, posterity should ever after have attained
unto the liberated Sceptre of Judah !
God had already directed Jeremiah (xx. 24-30), to
write him "childless," and had expressly said of him
that " no man of his seed shall prosper sitting upon
the throne of David and ruling any more in fudah."
Jehoiachin, (2 Kgs. xxiv. 6-8), is variously called
Jeconiah (1 Chron. iii. 16), and Coniah (Jer. xx. 24-
30 and xxii. 18, 19, xxxvi. 30); and in view of this
CURSE upon his posterity it can scarcely be that he
is the Jeconiah referred to in Mat. i. 1 1 ! But even if
he is the one, we know, by Matthew's own account
that Joseph — who is the one traced to him for legal
reasons — was only a carpenter in Judah.
It is to Luke, who leads the genealogy via quite
another line, and brings it down to Mary, that the
actual trace of David's blood descends to Christ,
but not his Sceptre, for Christ does not assume
the Sceptre until he comes again !
The daughters of Judah, from the earliest days,
looked forward jealously to some special favor from
on high. It was generally known among them that
some mother of Judah was to save the line of
David, and each maiden of this family aspired to
the distinction in her generation.
God's providence selected TWO of them, the one
—who is the Heroine of our story — to save the lit-

1 86 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
eral Sceptre, — and the other, — Mary, — to be still
more blessed among women !
The former maiden has almost escaped all subse
quent notice, though her seed retains the literal
Sceptre yet, and holds it in abeyance till the Son of
Mary shall return to claim it and to fulfil all cove
nants that shall then be still outstanding.
When Jehoiachin was led away in chains to Baby
lon, this earlier Daughter of the house of David
was as yet unborn, but ere a further week of years
had been numbered to the " withering realm " (Ezek.
xvii. 24), this " Tender Twig," had sprouted in the
nursery of Jehovah !
But that it ever " took root downwards and bore
fruit upward " has strangely escaped attention till
these latter times.
Let us therefore return to the Jerusalem of Zede-
kiah's day, and walk amid the desolated paths
where David's cedars formerly had flourished, and
see if any lofty fir-tree yet remained in Lebanon
whose topmost branches offered twigs of promise to
a grafter's knife.
We have seen the Royal Seed of David reduced
to a last and single hope.
Josiah dead, Jehoahaz dead, Jehoiakim dead, and
his posterity eunuchs in Babylon, Jehoiachin a fet
tered captive and his own seed weighted with a
hopeless curse. Xo chance for Judah's Sceptre
here, nor for the tottering throne of David !
Zedekiah and his own immediate posterity alone

ZEDEKIAH AND HIS CONTEMPORARIES. 187
remain, — a single cedar in the garden of the Lord,
green, and with some few manly boughs, and also
with some tender shoots upon its topmost limbs.
But what were daughters in such dreadful days as
these ?
Perhaps they were the hope of Literal Israel, as
in a later day another one of David's daughters was
the hope of all mankind !
We shall therefore now consider the closing de
cade (in so far as it is recorded !) of this unfortnnate
kingdom.
Zedekiah and his Contemporaries.
Josephus summarizes the incidents of Zedekiah's
reign in as succinct a manner as any of the secular
authorities thereon. The Bible account is found in
the latter parts of Kings and Chronicles, while the
books of Jeremiah, Daniel and Ezekiel afford us
most valuable emendations by the way.
These celebrated men were all contemporaries
and viewed the incidents from diverse standpoints,
and with somewhat different ends in view. And
one other prophet, Habakkuk, perhaps the least of
all the college, in the shortest of his brief histori-
co-prophetic statements, sums up its outcome as if
he were a witness to the fact. We allude to that
often read and opening " sentence " in the Episco
pal Prayer-book :
" The Lord is in His Holy Temple. Let all the
Earth keep silence before Him."

188 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
It has been claimed (by Glover in his Remnant
of Judah) that this is a noticeable mistranslation,
and that when it is read aright, and with the
knowledge that Habakkuk was perhaps a contempo
rary witness of the secret transfer of Jacob's Pillow,
Judah's Coronation Stone, or Jehovah's Bethel, to
a distant, unknown, " Israelitish," Tabernacle in the
West, it is a pean which epitomizes all that can be
said ! For truly at the bottom of the scroll,
whereon the acts of Zedekiah's reign are all tran
scribed, might Habakkuk subscribe with thankful
ness and awe : —
" The Dream-Miracle-Stone has become the
House of God ! Therefore let all the earth keep
silence before Him."
The reference to Bethel is at any rate unmistak
able. But we shall not attempt to follow either of
these authorities, and shall leave to others far more
fitted for the task, the pleasure of combining them
all into one unbroken sequence.
Our own purpose is simply to bring out in promi
nent relief the scarlet thread of David's line, which
each of the ancient writers either blindly overlooks,
considers secondary, or else, assisted by an overrul
ing Spirit, purposely conceals from too noticeable
prominence. Yet none the less the thread is there, in all of
them, and traverses the decade, and goes out be
yond it without any rupture.
Briefly the story of Zedekiah's reign is one of

ZEDEKIAH AND HIS CONTEMPORARIES. 1 89
broken Covenants. Josephus says that he " was a
despiser of Justice and of his duty, for truly those
of the same age with him were wicked about him,
and the whole multitude did whatever unjust and
insolent things they pleased."
He kept faith neither with Nebuchadnezzar, Pha
raoh, Jehovah, Jeremiah, nor even with his own cab
inet. Hence, naturally, he fell at last between the
inevitable circumstances, for which he himself was
alone responsible.
We cannot suppose that the prophet Jeremiah
failed to do anything that would tend to make the
reign of his own grandson prosperous, nevertheless
he knew from the messages of God, that his good
offices were in vain.
The records show that by exhortation and warn
ing and by exposing himself to the imminent danger
of martyrdom, he made every effort that a wise and
patriotic statesman of his age and experience could,
to avert the calamity that was impending.
The three great prophets of Judah, above alluded
to, have left their impress upon this reign and era,
and upon all who figured prominently therein, Eze
kiel and Daniel in Chaldea, and Jeremiah in Jeru
salem. The two former were favored and personal friends
of Nebuchadnezzar, to whom Daniel was a D'Israeli,
and the latter was a Prime Minister of Judah like to
Bismarck, whose knowledge of affairs had extended
from the earlier days of Josiah, down through all

I90 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
the subsequent ones, to the very end of Zedekiah's
reign. These eminent men belonged to the same school
of Ollams and were undoubtedly also known, at
least by statesmanship and reputation, to each
othen
Not Without Honor.
The lot of Jeremiah was the common one of
Prophets, for, save in his own country, he was cer
tainly not without honor. He was personally as
well known to Nebuchadnezzar, as were his captive
confreres, Daniel and Ezekiel, and had so often
been a special recipient of Babylonian clemency,
that he became/tharefor, an object of suspicion to
his own countrymen.
Known by the king of Babylon to be a man
of moderate counsel, and to be unswerving in his
advice to Judah's rulers that they should submit to
the Babylonian yoke, Nebuchadnezzar had met Jere
miah on each of his several descents upon Jerusa
lem, and had always suffered him to remain in his
native country. It was moreover particularly
through Jeremiah's influence with Daniel in the
court of Babylon that the elevation of his grand
son, Zedekiah, had been brought about.
In his private life, as we have seen, this prophet
was so closely allied to the royal family of Josiah as
to have been almost a daily inmate of it, and at
least to have come intimately in and out of the

NOT WITHOUT HONOR. I9I
royal palace during each of the succeeding reigns,
which we have already scanned.
We can only imagine in how far he employed so
favorable an opportunity to mould the minds of
such of its members as were at length destined to
become his special Wards.
It is certain, however, that the chief steward of
Zedekiah Ebed-Melech the eunuch, was Jeremiah's
warm and personal friend, and that they mutually
owed each other debts of supreme gratitude (Jer.
xxxviii. 7 ; xxxix. 15).
It is also more than probable that the children of
Zedekiah grew up upon this prophet's knees, and
his influence upon the younger ones, we may be
sure, was marked, and doubtless was assisted by
Jehovah, acting from within their hearts.
Jeremiah was also personally known to Nebu-
zar-adan, the captain or commander-in-chief of the
Babylonian Host, and had already shared with
him, as a prominent minister of the conquered
Jews, the special adjudications which surrounded the
overthrow of Jehoiakim and of Jehoiachin, and the
original selection of Zedekiah, as the king of
Judah. But as a counsellor to Zedekiah himself, Jeremiah-
was powerless. "While he heard the prophet [his
grandfather !] speak, he believed in him and agreed
to everything as true, and supposed it was for his.
advantage ; but then his friends perverted him,
and dissuaded him from what the prophet advised,

Igi THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY,
and obliged him to do what they pleased." — (jose
phus). But Jeremiah's prophecies were just as futile to
avert the impending disasters as were those of Eze
kiel and Daniel, which also found their way; by
various channels, to Jerusalem.
Now it happened that while the two principal
prophets agreed with one another in what they
said as to all other things, that the city should be
taken, and that Zedekiah himself should also be
taken, nevertheless Ezekiel disagreed with Jeremiah
in the details, for the former said that " Zedekiah
should not see Babylon," while the latter declared
that " the king of Babylon should carry him away
thither in bonds."
Hence as Josephus tells us, " because they did not
both say the same thing as to this circumstance,
Zedekiah also disbelieved what they both appeared
to agree in, and he condemned them as not speak
ing the truth therein. However, all the things
foretold him actually came to pass, and according
to their prophecies," as we shall see anon.
David's Daughter.
The sixth year of the captivity of Jehoiachin now
arrived (341 1-12 A.M.) and as the civil year with the
latter half of which it commenced, drew to its close,
Ezekiel began to receive a remarkable series of
visions. (See page 165, Study No. 2.)
They are detailed at length in the VIII. to the

DAVID S DAUGHTER. I93
XIX. chapters inclusive of his Prophecies and must
all have occurred between the two dates specifically
given in chapter viii. 1 and chapter xx. 1. Among
them the now famous " Riddle," propounded in his
XVII. chapter, deserves a moment's attention as it
concerns Our Heroine!
This particular vision of the sequence seems to have
synchronized with the season of Passover, 3412 A.M.
with which "the seventh year of the captivity"
began, and from certain chronological considera
tions too complicated to explain without tabulation,
and too expensive to tabulate with our present
limited means, serves to fix the birth of Zedekiah's
youngest daughter, who was no doubt the last of
his children.
The king had three sons and two daughters
already, and at the birth of the youngest daughter
was himself twenty-seven years old. He was just
entering upon the seventh year of his reign, which,
as shown in Study No. 2, ran with the years of " the
captivity," and with Ezekiel's chronology.
The event was a pleasure to the king and queen,
who was herself a Princess of the Royal blood, and
as the child was very beautiful, they chose for
her a well known family name Tephi, or Taphath
(1 Kgs. iv. 11), and endeared it by the diminutive
Tea. The full name was Tea Tephi, and familiarly
signified " a Tender Twig."
It was particularly appropriate to " the little girl "

194 the philosophy of history.
which, by the way, is the literal signification of pso,
Taphath (see Cruden's Concordance), while the
addition of the diminutive Tea intensified the sub
tle reference of the entire name to that partic
ular daughter of David referred to by Ezekiel
(xvii. 22).
It is not, however, to be understood that Zede
kiah and the queen had any possible knowledge of
what, at the birth of Tephi, was transpiring, as a
vision only, upon the far off banks of the river
Chedah. Their selection of the name was merely one of
those strange and overruling providences which men
in ordinary parlance called " coincidences," but with
out which every romance would be soulless. Indeed
our interest in the histrionic art itself would flag,
did we not recognize that the essential element in
every human life is the zest begotten out of what we
designate as " chance," while at the same time
with an inconsistency which is a glaring condem
nation of our plain perversity, we never fail to
seek it and expect it, with all the earnestness of
novelists and play wrights.
The root no, taph, of the named Tephi, or Tap
hath, "an ornament" signifies "an infant," and is
the Hebrew word employed for " Little ones " in
numerous places in the Scriptures, (Gen. xxxiv. 29;
xliii. 8; xlv. 19; xlvi. 5; xlvii. 24 ; 1. 8. 21; Exod.
x. 10, 24; Num. xiv. 31 ; xxxi. 9, 17; xxxii. 16, 17,
24, 26; Deut. i. 39; ii. 34; ih\ 19; xx. 14;

A MIRAGE EN ROUTE. 195
xxix. 11 ; Josh, i, 14; viii. 35; Jud. xviii. 21,
etc. etc. See Young's Concordance.) *
The diminutive Tea seems to be derived from
-fws, tsaor, tsair, " little" as employed by Jeremiah
in similar cases, (vide Jer. xiv. 3 ; xlviii. 4, " little
ones,") also Zech. xiii. 7, where this same root is
used in the form of Tsaar).
And, finally, it should be noted even though we
anticipate our tale by so doing, (for our purpose is
not merely as a story teller to develop the Romance
within the Romance of our Origin and Destiny, but
to argue out its Philosophy as we proceed) — that, in
so far as history is concerned, the discovery of the
name of this particular princess is a modern and a
western one.
A Mirage en route.
Hence, as raconteurs, we find ourselves at this
moment in the position of voyagers who are helmed
towards some distant haven, and are suddenly en
couraged by the looming up of ports we long to see !

* It may also be pointed out that the Greek word Taphos (Matt.
xxiii. 29) means a sepulchre, and that unless we can trace the Royal lint
of Judah beyond Tea Tephi, the literal " Sceptre of David " went down
into the tomb with her I Fortunately, however, we can, as it is the in
tention of this Series of Studies to do; and, by another "strange coin
cidence," we shall in due time find reason to expect that our best and
final proof itself will spring from the very Tomb of Tea Tephi at
Tara, where in still inviolated mystery it waits for resurrection !
In the meantime we have other and collateral data, sufficient to
prove that her posterity still sits upon the throne of " Israel."

196 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
In the mirage now before us, the hills of Tara
rise in shadowy outlines ; and her famous Halls —
impatient to respond to melodies as yet in dreams
— lift up their battlements ! With that unrest
which ever quickens latent genius, the soul of
music tries her wings, and although at the present
stage of our own story, it was in visions only, which
were lost when Erin waked, the aspirations still
paint their forms upon our sympathetic sky, and
lure us into pardonable forecasts.
It is only within the present generation that a few
interested scholars, struck with the wealth of He
brew circumstance that clusters about Tea Tephi s
entrance into Irish Chronicles, and impressed with
the significant legends which connect her with the
Spain and Egypt of Nebuchadnezzar's era," have
dreamed of identifying her with the maiden whose
history we are writing.
Of course these efforts have been ridiculed and
belittled ; but at last this very treatment has
resulted, as usual in such cases, in so intensifying
the convictions of a continually growing college of
investigators, that few, except a hide bound group
of "higher critics." conservatists, and extremists, of
the " spiritualizing school " have continued to treat
them with contempt.
It is, therefore, with the utmost pleasure that we
offer to these earnest searchers after truth, a con
secutive outline of this lovely story, and are not
only enabled to show that its Chronology and Gen-

A MIRAGE EN ROUTE. I97
ealogy are impregnable, but to let additional light
in upon some of the hitherto unsolved Hebrew
features of its western chapters.
The derivation of the name, Tea Tephi, of this
oriental " western princess," has always been a
desideratum, — for it is not Gaelic nor yet Celtic.
Hitherto the best students, (I mean among those,
and they number many scholars, who have deigned
to search the matter at all), have been convinced
that the designation is the Phonetic spirit of a
Hebrew name, and perhaps the surmise of Rev. F.
R. A. Glover in his " England the Remnant of
Judah, and the Ephraim of Israel " has deserved the
most consideration.
In a note to his chapter on the Irish Mystery he
says: "Tephi, again HEBREW, a pet-name, like
' Violet, ' denoting the beauty and fragrance of all
delicious fruits. ' Apples of gold in pictures of sil
ver ' (Prov. xxv. ii ; Sol. Song. vii. 8). This word
' Tephi ' appears to be a cognomen — a surname.
Tea Tephi was the surname ; like Eleanor the Be
loved ; Rosamond the Fair, etc. The word does
not occur in Irish at all."
But this controversy, and this interest, is by no
means merely modern, in that we must date it from
the current generation ; far from it, — for " In the
year of our Lord 513, the Irish Kings and Grandees,
-oppressed by a consciousness that something mys
terious existed in the foundation of the ancient
monuments of Tara, assembled, with great circum-

198 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
stance, to inquire into all that Bards and Senarchies
could declare concerning the ancient foundation and
the ancient times.
"They devoted themselves to the pious labor,
with fasting and prayer, for three days continuously,
but, alas ! such had been the destruction of records
in the confusion of the times, and the struggle of
the Baalitish Priests to recover the ascendancy
which they had lost during the time of the Hebraiz
ing of their chief stronghold — this very Tara — that
nothing could be ascertained further on the matter
in hand than that it was a subfect shrouded in deep
mystery, and connected in some way with the exis
tence of a woman from over the great plain — the Sea
— , ' with a Royal Prosperous Smile,' and who — such
had been the intensity of respect of their ancestors
for this illustrious Scion of Royalty, concerning
whom, also, there was some ' mystery ' too deep to
be uttered— was buried in a tomb sixty feet long
and wide," a tomb which unbroken tradition asserts
to be STILL " inviolated ! "
"A Poem or Record was composed upon this occa
sion by one Amergin,* Chief Bard to King Des
mond, monarch of Ireland in the Sixth Century,
from information communicated to him by an old

* Query. — " Does the word Amergin mean Chief Bard in Irish? If
not, either Amergin had a very long life, or the name was common
among Hards." As we shall see the first Amergin was the Chief Druid
and a brother of Heremon, who married Tea I

A MIRAGE EN ROUTE. I99
Sage called Fintan. The following verses are from
a literal translation of this poem as presented to us
in the Notes of the Annals of the Four Masters, p.
294. Temor of Bregia,* whence so called ?
Relate to me, O learned Sages.
********* When was the place called Te-mor ? t
********* Was it in the time of Parlothan of battles ?
Or at the first arrival of Csesaire ? 1
Tell me, in which of these invasions
Did the place obtain the name of Tea-mor ?
O Tuan 1 O generous Finnchadh I
O Bran ! O active Cu-alladh!
O Dublain 1 Ye venerable Five
Whence was acquired the name of Te-mor ?
It appears to have once been called " Hazel-
wood," and three other names in succession, the
last being Cathair Crofin.
" Until the coming of the agreeable Tea
The wife of Heremon of noble aspect."
Then was the name changed.
* The Kingdom of Bregia, subsequently the English Pale, was
part of Leinster, parceled off to constitute the appendage of the
Heremonian-Righ, or Pentarch. Hence, doubtless, the name of the
Kingdom of Bregia, possibly connected with the aspirations of
Raruch ! (Jer. xiv. 5) who is supposed to have married Scotd, the sis
ter of Tea Tephi I
t When was Tea-mair Tea-mair ? — Mr. Petrie's Paper.
% Not Cpesar, but the Queen referred to in Irish chronicles, *

200 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
" A Rampart was raised around her house,
For Tea,* the daughter of Lughaidh."
God's House is Bethel, and this Jewish Prin
cess accompanied Jacob's Pillar, which was "God's
house " (Gen. xxviii. 22) of which she was a daughter
in an especial manner, i. e., a Representative Entity :
the daughter of God's House. Log is Celtic for
" God," and Aidh is " a House," hence Lughaidh is
God's House !
"We accept the fact without the parentage of
Lughaidh assigned in this district," says Mr. Glover
in 1861 ; and we in 1891, can certainly endorse his
position in so far as the literal parentage is con
cerned. Tea Tephi, no doubt, was sung into the
Poems of Ireland as the " Daughter of God's
House," and in the sense of David's Daughter she
most certainly was a daughter " of Zion," "of my
people," " of Judah," " of my dispersed," and " of
the King," while with the most perfect poetic
license, and with the grander license of Prophetic
Inspiration, she was indeed the special child of
" Bethel." There were two Irish kings by the name of Lug
haidh, but not earlier than A.D. 35, and 335, Lughaidh
I. and Lughaidh II., and in later Irish times Lug
haidh seems to have been made a man's name just as
Bethel was similarly used by the Puritans, as for
* Zedekiah's daughter, in Ezek. xvii. 22, Mr. Glover's note in
187

A MIRAGE EN ROUTE. 20 1
instance Sir Bethel Codrington, a Christian name,
and Sir Richard Bethel, a surname.
The poem continues as follows :
" She was buried outside in her mound,
And from her it was named Tea-mur.
The seat of the Kings it was called,
The princes, descendants of the Milesians :
Five names it-had ere that time.
That is from Fordruin to Temor.
I am Fintan the Bard ;
The Historian of many tribes:
In latter times I have passed my days
At the earthen fort above Temor." *
" Such was the substance of the record concern
ing which inquiry was made and, which was declared
(4513 A.M.), about 1082 years after the facts had
occurred, (3431 A.M.).
" Moreover, some 511 years later, in 1024 (Com
mon A. D.), another celebrated bard, Cu-an O'Coch-
lain, a considerable man, and for a time, once,
Regent of Ireland, composed a similar poem upon
Tara, and by means of new data, unearthed in the
interval, gives us no little additional information
on these interesting points. But we reserve select
ing from this latter production until farther along
in our story, as we have already adduced quite
enough to demonstrate that the interest reawakened

(* Which is Trim, or Tara 1)

202 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
in these latter days concerning the story of Tea
Tephi is by no means without honored precedents
all down the ages !
However, for the present purposes of the story
we are writing, such was the birth of Tea Tephi !
It was a simple, family affair, and no one could
have then divined, perhaps not even Jeremiah him
self, with all his favored prescience, that the " ten
der suckling," npjv-pav, the yoneq yoneqeth, born
into the line of David in the year 3412 A. M., was
destined, in the councils of Jehovah, to become, in
later years, the mother of the Western branch of
Judah's line of kings.
In the immediate time the Eastern branch had
reached its fated crisis, and, with every vice that
dooms a political fabric to ruin, it took the final
downward path.
Jerusalem Destroyed.
And thus the priceless years of grace ran on, and
out. Jerusalem was filled with false prophets, confus
ing advisers, iniquity, and utter unbelief; her cup
was full, and so Jehovah bade her drink it to the
dregs. Zedekiah, vacillating in every direction, at
last made the fatal error which caused his speedy
overthrow. Truly whom the Gods have doomed, they first
make mad.
After, therefore, Zedekiah had preserved his com-

JERUSALEM DESTROYED. 203
pact of mutual assistance with the Babylonians for
eight years, he deliberately broke it.
This brought the army of Nebuchadnezzar once
more about Jerusalem, and this time they came in
tent upon its utter devastation.
But Egypt hastened to the assistance of its
newly recovered ally, and invaded Judea with the
purpose of raising the siege.
Nebuchadnezzar was thus diverted from his un
dertaking for a while. Departing therefore from
Jerusalem, he met the Egyptians in battle at Gaza,
utterly defeated them, and drove them out of Syria.
In this interim Jeremiah attempted to escape into
Anathoth, whose title deeds he was later on directed
to purchase, with such pointed ceremony, and to
give to Baruch for concealment (Jer. xxxii.); but he
was captured by the opposing faction, exposed a
while in the stocks, and then cast into prison.
The victorious and determined Babylonian army
now returned to the attack of Jerusalem with com
plete confidence, and renewed their lines of circum-
vallation under the experienced generalship of
Nebuzar-adan. The story of the siege is but a dreadful counter
part of others which have been visited upon the
Holy City, and at last God shortened it.
The city fell, and Zedekiah, true to the last to
his uncertain character, leaving it to its fate, de
serted from it, with his wives and children, a few
of his captains, and his friends.

204 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
The Babylonians, however, pursued and overtook
him not far from Jericho, and encompassed him
about. The account of Josephus is now so graphic
that we shall follow it.
" But as for those friends and captains of Zede
kiah who had fled out of the city with him, when
they saw their enemies near them, they left him
and dispersed themselves, some one way and some
another, and every one resolved to save himself ; so
the enemy took Zedekiah alive, when he was de
serted by all but a few, with his children and his
wives, and brought him to the king [at Riblah].
" And when he was come, Nebuchadnezzar began
to call him ' a wicked wretch, and a covenant breaker,
and one that had forgotten his former words when
he promised to keep the country for him. He also
reproached him for his ingratitude, that when he
had received the kingdom from him who had taken
it from Jehoiachim and given it to him, he had
made "use of the power he gave him, against him
that gave it : but, said he, ' God is great who hateth
that conduct of thine, and hath brought thee under
us.' And when he had used these words to Zede
kiah, he commanded his sons and his friends to be
slain [2 Kgs. xxv. 7 : Jer. xxxix.J, while Zedekiah
and the rest of the captains looked on, after which
he put out the eyes of Zedekiah, and bound him,
and carried him to Babylon.
"And these things happened to him, as Jeremiah
and Ezekiel had foretold to him, that he should be

JERUSALEM DESTROYED. 205
caught and brought before the king of Babylon, and
should speak to him face to face, and should see his
eyes with his own eyes ; and thus far did Jeremiah
prophecy ; but he was also made blind and brought
to Babylon, but did not see it, according to the pre
diction of Ezekiel."
Josephus then winds the moral of the matter
thus: — which as it equally is also moral to our
broader story, we are likewise constrained to tran
scribe now : — " We have said thus much, because it
was sufficient to show the nature of God to such as
are ignorant of it, that it is various, and acts many
different ways, and that all events happen after a
regular manner, in their proper season, and that it
foretells what must come to pass. It is also suffi
cient to show the ignorance and incredulity of men,
whereby they are not permitted to foresee anything
that is future, and are, without any guard, exposed
to calamities, so that it is impossible for them to
avoid the experience of these calamities."
Nebuchadnezzar's army now completed the work
of destruction (3416 A. M., 580 B. c), for Nebuzar-
adan, the captain of his host, " burnt the House of
the Lord, and the king's house, and all the houses
of Jerusalem, and every great man's house burnt he
with fire. And all the army of the Chaldees, that
were with the captain of the guard, brake down the
walls of Jerusalem round about."
" Now the rest of the people that were left in the
city, and the fugitives that fell away to the king of

206 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
Babylon, with the remnant of the multitude, did
Nebuzar-adan carry away. But the captain of the
guard left some of the poor of the land to be vine
dressers and husbandmen." (2 Kgs. xxv. 9-12.)
And the gold, and the silver, and the brass without
weight, the captain also took away. (13-17.)
" And the captain of the guard took Zeriah the
chief priest, and Zeph'aniah the second priest, and
the three keepers of the threshold, and out of the
city he took an officer that was set over the men of
war, and five men of them that were in the king's
presence, which were found in the city, and the
principal scribe of the host, which mustered the
people of the land, and threescore men of the peo
ple of the land that were found in the city ; and
Nebuzar-adan, captain of the guard took these, and
brought them to the king of Babylon in Riblah ;
and the king of Babylon smote them, and slew
them at Riblah in the land of Hamath."
" So Judah was carried away out of their land"
(2 Kgs. xxv. 18-21.)
This was the consummation of the Captivity
which had begun, as we have seen above, in 3406
A- M- ''The Last King of Judah."
And thus the threatened end had come. " Israel "
had gone into obscurity, but " Judah " had failed to
profit by the example. We are even told that
"Backsliding Israel had justified herself" (and in

"THE LAST KING OF JUDAH." 207
captivity this must have bee?i !) " more than treacher
ous Judah," so in due time she too, — "Judah," —
was rooted out of Palestine.
After the death of all his sons, the branches of
the lofty cedar, the royal trunk itself was felled and
left to wither and dry up. Zedekiah, taken blind
and bound in brazen fetters unto Babylon, at length
died in its prisons, and with him, so far as Bible
Records go, and so far as the Jews now with us, or
those marshalled by Josephus, can explain by un
broken records or by any records, the Sceptre disap
pears, for according to all adopted records " he was
the last king of Judah !
From that day unto this there has never been a
child of David, sceptre in hand, seated as king, and
ruling as such, in Jerusalem, nor can believers in
the promise, outside the pale of those who. accept
the Anglo-Saxon identity with Israel, bridge this
hiatus, in the Sceptreed line of David and Judah,
even to the Saviour's day !
However much they may assent to the force and
verity of such moralizing as just quoted from Jose
phus, they are utterly unable to make aught but an
apology for God !
And here too we must press the assertion that
Jesus Christ did not come, at that time, to rule, nor
did he take the Sceptre when he at length did
come. He positively refused it, although he admitted
unto Pilate that it was his of right,

208 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
At his future return, however, it is universally
predicted and believed by all the faithful that he
will assume this Sceptre !
There is a mystery here and its solution is the
Anglo-Saxon Riddle!
What became of David's Sceptre ?
Where was it during the " Sixty-nine weeks,"
the while the Star of Bethlehem delayed ?
Hath rest (Shiloh), yet come to " Israel," or
"Judah," and if not where is that Sceptre NOW?
The covenant of Salt was unconditional, the
blessing of Judah was of grace,-hath Jehovah never
theless forgotten David and repudiated his own
eternal oath?
Shall a man plead for the meaning of the Al
mighty? Hath He this need, forsooth, who hath disposed
the course of history?
Is Jehovah a man that he should lie? or a Son of
Earth that one should wrench interpretation for his
plainest words?
May God, may even man himself so long as rea
son is retained, forbid the thought, and argue log
ically if in earnest to convince !
But Mr. Ingersoll would tell us there is no Jeho
vah, and that this oath and blessing were but the
.breath of Hebrew vanity and fiction.
Mr. Ingersoll's credentials, however, have no seal
nor signature; we must go elsewhere for author
ity, and we prefer to follow in the leadership of

" THE KINGDOM." 509
one* who after Mr. Ingersoll's late and most beautiful
eulogy on President Lincoln, so pointedly reminded
him that he had left God entirely out of that life
which, while it saved the integrity of Manasseh's
union, gave up its own, from first to last, in con
scious trust to Providence.
" THE KINGDOM."
As we correct the final proof for this present
study, there comes to hand the most succinct pre'cis
of the Origin and Destiny of Our Race which it has
been our good forturre to have seen. It is from the
pen of Dr. Beverly O. Kinnear, and appears in the
Jewish Messenger of March 20, i89i,f and is sig
nificantly entitled " An Epistle from ' Israel ' to
'Judah.'" In this concise article the doctor makes a very
strong point as to " THE Kingdom," which, as it is
not only unique but a fresh premise in the general
argument merits an immediate recognition, with
due credit to the writer and the Jewish Periodical
which admits it into its columns.^
* Senator Joseph R. Hawley.
t A date of note, in that it is the Vernal Equinox, or the first day
of Solar New Year (Sacred Hebrew calendar) 5651 A. M.
J In a leading editorial the Messenger refers to this letter as fol
lows : " Dr. Kinnear's views on the identity of Israel and the Anglo-
Saxon are at least interesting from their novelty and should arouse
some spirited debate.'' Verily, yes, my Jewish Brethren, " should "
and WILL, and the end of this debate will be a decision in the affirm
ative I C. A. L. T.

210 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
The point made by Dr. Kinnear is as fol
lows :
" David's throne was promised in perpetuity over
Israel alone; not over Judah. Judah's Sceptre
was never to depart from over ' Israel ' and Israel
alone was called ' The Kingdom' (i Kings ix. 5 ;
2 Chron. xiii. 5-xxi. 7.) These show perpetuity
of the throne over Israel ; and not Judah.
"1 Kings ii. 1 r— 13 ; xiv. 11-16, etc., demon
strate that the Ten Tribes, or Israel, were alone
called The Kingdom. They were the larger portion
of the chosen race, and from "the time of David
forward, the prophecies to Israel, are distinct from,
and entirely opposed to, those of Judah, until
' Shiloh come ; ' when the two kingdoms are to be
come One upon the mountains of Palestine, FOR
EVER (Ezekiel xxxvi. and xxxvii.).
" The promises given to Abraham, Isaac, and
Jacob ; the prophecies of dominion and strength,
through Jacob to Ephraim and Manasseh ; those of
the same order through Moses and the prophet
Balaam, would all seem to point to their fulfilment.
in the larger nationality, viz., ' The Kingdom ' or
the Ten Tribes — and not to their realization in the
single tribe of Judah."
It is thus clear that although Judah was to hold
the Sceptre it was destined to be swayed over
" Israel " in particular, and so long as the uberty of
might remains in the Word of Jehovah, it is mani
fest that the mere disappearance of the sceptre from

A PRISONER OF STATE. 21 i
among the " Jews " by no means precludes the pos
sibility of its translation elsewhere.
Down to the overthrow of Zedekiah it was
indeed wielded among, and over, the Jews, — but
also over Israel by representation ! — for which ex
press purpose among others, Benjamin had beeri
left behind the other Nine tribes of THE KINGDOM."
It is the express purpose of our present labors td
set forth the modus operandi of this transfer:
A Prisoner of State.
Let us therefore now review a bit of the internal
political history of these days of Judah's downfall,
for its ruling thread will lead us onward into the
path we shall have to follow.
When the Babylonians finally conquered Jerusa
lem its dungeons held a most important prisoner of
state. (Jer. xxxviii. 25.)
This was Jeremiah, the Chronology of whose
career has been already set in order in the preced
ing Study of this Series, and of which it now re
mains to point out the Philosophy.
To such as are following us in our effort to vindi
cate the history of "Our Race" it is already patent
that its most important chapter is covered by the
life and times of this Prophet, and that unless we
can follow him subsequently to the events recorded
in his own writings we are faced with a dilemma
from whose horns we cannot escape.
It is essential to the integrity of our faith in Inspi-

212 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
ration that the full mission of this prophet shall be
shown to have been literally CONSUMMATED;
and, as by far the most important clause in his com
mission was " to Build and to Plant," it is certainly
not to the credit of those who long ago should have
taken the proper measures to fortify " Israel "
against the logical outcome of so serious a lapse in
the fulfilment of prophecy, that unto this day they
have given themselves no concern as to what event
ually became of " the Prophet of the Nations."
But failing in this they have most naturally also
failed to perceive the inconsistency of continuing to
preach, — thereafter more than ever "foolishness"
(Prov. xiv. 24) upon premises so undermined !
Fortunately the true history of "Our Race"
comes to their relief, and with a vigor not to be
suppressed hereafter ; and although it begets but
little recognition from the pulpit, thus far, it is grati
fying to know that the seed which we are sowing
finds a welcome soil among " Israelites indeed," and
that the " wave sheaves " already gathered are an
earnest of the Saxon Harvest soon to tax the garn
ers of the modern Joseph to their utmost capacity.*

* In this connection we may be pardoned for quoting at length an
editorial from Frank Leslie's Weekly, Feb. 7, 1891, in that it not
only shows how generously this topic is treated by the representa
tive secular press, but cannot fail to encourage many who like the
author have in days gone by felt the full burden of a truth despised.
In the meanwhile it is significant that we have secured so little inter
est from the editors of the so-called sacred press I Perhaps they

A PRISONER OF STATE. 213
It is around the story of Jeremiah and his Ward,
— the " daughter of David " — that this interest
chiefly centers, and if its mystery is ever to be
solved, as we opine it is, the latter part of Jere
miah's life must be searched out and written.
"His "times" begin with, and completely span
those of " the Gentiles ; " they form the skeleton
of Prophecy ; but they also comprehend the syn-
dare not recognize the rounded beauty of a theme whose Justification
bodes no good to the recognized theology of the Pulpit and the
Higher Critics, and yet from our own experience we assure them that
a fairer attitude upon this theme would interest and swell their con
stituencies. ,,
" THE ANGLO-SAXON RIDDLE.
" If Professor Totten, of Yale University, has accomplished noth
ing else in his popular book entitled, ' Our Race,' referred to in the
recent editorial contribution of the Rev. James H. Ross, he has at
least succeeded in rescuing his subject from the supreme contempt
with which all the efforts of those who for years have striven to iden
tify our genealogy with ' Lost Israel ' have hitherto been stifled, and
has certainly forced its discussion into an arena where it can confi
dently expect the opportunity of a fair fight, and where an audience
awaits it that will demand fair play among the contestants.
"The subject of the identity of the Anglo-Saxon Race with the
' Ten Lost Tribes of Israel ' has thus, at last, passed its probationary
stage, and it is now high time to call a truce to mere ridicule, and to
admit the hearing into the sober atmosphere of calm and deliberate
investigation. Let us change the venue, therefore, and have no more
sneers upon this matter ; but if any man has facts which can be
arrayed against the claims set up by this certainly growing school of
genuine students, let him duly produce his case in the same dignified
manner in which its adherents justify their own position, or let him
hold his peace in the audience.
" No one can arise from the perusal of this present treatment with-

214 ™E PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
chronology of "the little Stone " which is to sud-
ceed, as the "fifth " and final empire, to its metallic
predecessors. It is as absurd as it is futile to study Daniel's
prophecies without considering the testimony of
Jeremiah ; and to beg the question of Jeremiah's
failure to realize all that he was charged to accom
plish, is ipso facto to waive all right to credence in
the exegesis of the writings of his collaterals in the
school of Ollams.

out according to the topic a place entitled to the respect it has now
fairly won, and which (if wealth of historic, legendary, and genealog
ical facts, logic, and arguments both sui generis and well-arrayed be
any criterion) it seems destined to maintain against all opposition.
" Henceforth the question of the real origin of the Anglo-Saxons,
who constitute a race indubitably destined to dominate in future
ages, merits only the most earnest and searching study from the best
and ablest truth-seekers of our day, and the People whose dictum in
the premises must be the final one will no longer tolerate a sneer un
justified by reasons to which they can accord their common credence.
" The very possibility that we have sprung from an Arcadia so lofty,
and which is so strenuously maintained by all who seem to have
given this subject any study worthy of the name, adds a zest and a
solemnity to it which but reacts upon all who have no other condem
nation to advance except their own ipse dixits. Hence one can fully
appreciate the spirit of Bishop Niles, who says concerning it that:
' If the case can be fairly made out, nothing so noble has crowned all
the scientific, historic or scriptural research of these wonderful days
of ours ' and at the same time understand how so genuine a scholar
as ' Ik Marvel ' has caught the writer's enthusiasm.
" We bespeak for earnest willingness, particularly among the
Pharisees, to give this full-grown school of original thinkers a chance
to state their case before a race which is deeply concerned in the
issue." — Frank Leslie's Weekly, Feb. 7, 1891.

OUT OF THE PIT. 2.1 5
It is therefore necessary to resume the critical
study of Jeremiah's life at the time of Zedekiah's
fall, and to see if we cannot recover the thread so
long neglected, for it is by no means our intention
in the present Series of Studies to neglect issues of
such vital importance.
Out of the Pit.
Hated for his fateful prophecies, and through
their wilful misconstruction accused of secretly fa
voring the Babylonians (Jer. xxxvii.), Jeremiah had
at last, as we have seen above, been cast into
prison, had soon after been adjudged worthy of
death (Jer. xxxviii. 4-5.), and, in the furtherance of
this sentence, had been thrown into the deepest and
most loathsome dungeon in the city.
Here, starving, and sinking into the mire up to his
neck (Josephus), he was about to perish, when Ebed-
Melech his Ethiopian friend came to his- assistance.
This steward of Zedekiah reported the facts to
his master, and by his direction having procured
assistance, rescued the prophet from his perilous
predicament. In return for this kindness Jehovah commissioned
the prophet to convey a message of special safety to
Ebed-Melech (Jer. xxxix. 15-18), on account of
which the Jews have a tradition that he did not die,
and still count him among the eight referred to in
the Talmud, as translated !
This legend arose not only from a misunderstand-

216 the philosophy of history.
ing of the message, but principally from coupling it
with the fact that the Eunuch's place of burial has
always been unknown to them !
We ourselves shall probably arrive at a far differ
ent conclusion ere we close the present recital, but
in the mean time it is fitting here to accord due rec
ognition to this tradition by admitting that Ebed-
Melech was not buried in the East !
Soon after this episode it appears that the princes
were conspiring to have Jeremiah recommitted to
the house of Jonathan, and appealed to Zedekiah
for permission. They evidently intended to dis
pose of him. (Jer. xxxviii. 26.)
But in the mean time Zedekiah sent for Jeremiah
and held an important and final interview with him
in the principal entry of the Temple (Jer. xxxviii.
14-26) after which the Prophet was recommitted to
the court of the prison. (Jer. xxxviii. 28.)
The princes of the hostile faction now attempted
to investigate this interview, but were misled, and
thereafter were too much occupied with other mat
ters, now at a crisis, to concern themselves about
the incarcerated Prophet (Jer. xxxviii. 27), who was
thus left in the court of the general prison where he
abode in quiet until Jerusalem was taken, and
where he was eventually discovered by the Baby
lonians. (Jer. xxxix. 13-14.)
The peculiar clemency with which Zedekiah
continued to treat Jeremiah throughout his long
period of political trouble, is of course to be

out of the pit. 2.17
largely attributed to the close relationship existing
between them, and as we now know that Jeremiah
was actually the grandfather of the king upon his
mother's side, no little light is shed upon the mat
ter. It was in vain that the Prophet's enemies con
spired against him under such circumstances, and
although, as we have seen, the vacillating monarch
was frequently forced to yield apparently to their
importunities, nevertheless it is quite natural that
the stronger bonds of consanguinity always con
spired to save the old man's life.
However, the prophet's life was in the keeping of
far higher powers than merely earthly ones, for he
had himself been favored with a similar guarantee of
safety from his enemies, at the very commencement
of his career (Jer. i. 18-19), with one which ultimately
proved to be as potent a safe-conduct out of East
ern affairs, as if in the legend of Ebed-Melech he
too had been translated !
It was in these closing days of Zedekiah's reign
and while in this comparative quiet, that an impor
tant word came to Jeremiah from the Lord. It led
to a notable transaction and to one whose pro
phetic significance is yet future. (Jer. xxxii.)
This was his purchase of Anathoth as a " goel ;"
for he was the heir at law.
He conveyed the deeds both sealed and unsealed,
to Baruch his Scribe, for burial " in an earthen ves
sel," expressly stating that in later generations the

218 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
"heirs" of Israel should recover them, and imply
ing that these documents should bear witness to
their rights.
There is little room for doubt in the light of sub
sequent developments that these valuable papers
will yet be found in the land of the " Goels," even
in " Meath," " the little sanctuary " far in the West,
where their very descendants now exist, and where
these "Goels" speak with "Gaelic" lips fulfilling
thus another equally significant prophecy.
The Sceptre Safe!
But as the day of Judah's doom drew on, no
doubt early in the eleventh and last year of Zede
kiah's reign, a second, final and superlatively signifi
cant prophecy concerning the impending consum
mation of the Captivity, and the eventual return
from Babylon came straight from God. (Jer. xxxiii.)
This chapter is of vital importance in our investi
gations ; hence, for fear that some of our readers
may fail to look it up, and read it on the spot, we
shall now transcribe it in full. It is as follows:
" Moreover the word of the Lord came unto Jeremiah the second
time, while he was yet shut up in the court of the prison, saying,
" Thus saith the Lord the maker thereof, the Lord that formed it,
to establish it ; the Lord is his name ;
"Call unto me, and I will answer thee, and shew thee great and
mighty things, which thou knowcst not.
" For thus saith the Lord, the God of Israel, concerning the houses
of this city, and concerning the houses of the kings of Judah, which
»re thrown down by the mounts, and by the sword ;

THE SCEPTRE SAFE! 219
"They come to fight with the Chaldeans, but it is to fill them with
the dead bodies of men, whom I have slain in mine anger and in my
fury, and for all whose wickedness I have hid my face from this city.
" Behold, I will bring it health and cure, and I will cure them,
and will reveal unto them the abundance of peace and truth.
" And I will cause the captivity of Judah and the captivity of
Israel to return, and will build them, as at the first.
"And I will cleanse them from all their iniquity, whereby they
have sinned against me; and I will pardon all their iniquities,
whereby they have sinned, and whereby they have transgressed
against me.
" And it shall be to me a name of joy, a praise and an honor
before all the nations of the earth, which shall hear all the good
that I do unto them : and they shall fear and tremble for all the
goodness and for all the prosperity that I procure unto it.
" Thus saith the Lord ; Again there shall be heard in this place,
which ye say shall be desolate without man and without beast, even
in the cities of Judah, and in the streets of Jerusalem, that are deso
late, without man, and without inhabitant, and without beast.
"The voice of joy, and the voice of gladness, the voice of the
bridegroom, and the voice of the bride, the voice of them that shall
say, Praise the Lord of hosts : for the Lord is good ; for his mercy
endureth for ever : and of them that shall bring the sacrifice of
praise into the house of the Lord. For I will cause to return the
captivity of the land, as at the first, saith the Lord.
" Thus saith the Lord of hosts ; Again in this place, which is
desolate without man and without beast, and in all the cities thereof,
shall be an habitation of shepherds causing their flocks to lie down.
" In the cities of the mountains, in the cities of the vale, and in the
cities of the south, and in the land of Benjamin, and in the places
about Jerusalem, and in the cities of Judah, shall the flocks pass
again under the hand of him that telleth them, saith the Lord.
" Behold, the days come, saith the Lord, that I will perform that
good thing which I have promised unto the house of Israel and to
the house of Judah.
"In those days, and at that time, will I cause the Branch of right
eousness to grow up unto David ; and he shall execute judgment
and righteousness in the land.

220 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
" In those days shall Judah be saved, and Jerusalem shall dwell
safely ; and this is the name wherewith she shall be called, The
Lord our righteousness.
" For thus saith the Lord ; David shall never want a man to sit
upon the throne of the house of Israel ;
" Neither shall the priests the Levites want a man before me to
offer burnt offerings, and to kindle meat offerings, and to do sacri
fice continually.
"And the word of the Lord came unto Jeremiah, saying,
" Thus saith the Lord; If ye can break my covenant of the day,
and my covenant of the night, and that there should not be day and
night in their season ;
" Then may also my covenant be broken with David my servant,
that he should not have a son to reign upon his throne ; and with
the Levites the priests, my ministers.
" As the host of heaven cannot be numbered, neither the sand of
the sea measured : so will I multiply the seed of David my servant,
and the Levites that minister unto me.
" Moreover the word of the Lord came to Jeremiah, saying,
" Considerest thou not what this people have spoken, saying, The
two families which the Lord hath chosen, he hath even cast them
off ? thus they have despised my people, that they should be no
more a nation before them.
" Thus saith the Lord ; If my covenant be not with day and night,
and if "I have not appointed the ordinances of heaven and earth:
" Then will I cast away the seed of Jacob, and David my servant,
so that I will not take any of his seed to be rulers over the seed of
Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob ; for I will cause their captivity to
return and have mercy on them."
It is noticeable that this prophecy was accompa
nied by a thrice repeated GUARANTEE as to the
PERPETUITY of David's Throne, which prophecy
meant naught, or else meant all that "Anglo-Israel
ites " maintain it does as to " Our Race," and to its
line of monarchs,

THE SCEPTRE SAFE ! 221
At any rate it was a significant echo of Ezekiel's
triple doom (Ezek. xxi. 25-27), pronounced upon the
same Sceptre (vide Our Race, No. 1, pp. 200-1)
about three and a half years before, and it is as es
sential to reconcile the meanings of these two
prophecies, as it was to harmonize the apparent dis
crepancies between the fates assigned to Zedekiah
by these same Ollams and so fully explained by
Josephus. The reader is now referred to the XX., XXL,
XXII. and XXIII. chapters of Ezekiel, which should
be read in this connection, as a broad survey of what
God then designed as to " Israel," and " Judah " and
"the Sceptre " ; thereafter he may pursue more nat
urally the incidents which Jeremiah's prophecy re
ferred to, and whose sequence his own after-history
initiated. In the chapters mentioned Ezekiel is re
plying to a commission of Elders sent to him out of
the land beyond Media (verse 1, chap, xx.) where
" Israel " then was.
Those who are not utterly incapable of perceiving
the plain distinctions between " Israel " and
" Judah " will take special interest in examining the
contrasted answers given by this Prophet to the
delegations of Elders, who, upon several occasions
visited him, for instance ; in chapters viii.-xiii. the
visit of a committee of Elders from the kingdom of
Judah is described, while in chapter xiv. a similar
visit is described from Israel. The latter had come
down from beyond the Caucasus where the rear

222 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
guard of the Tribes was retiring westward so rapidly
into the wilderness — that after the visit described in
the XX. chapter we hear no more of them.
Nevertheless this particular prophet, and all of
the minor ones, sent many prophecies after them,
although some of these messages, probably, failed
to reach them ere they had themselves forgotten
whence they sprang ! They were soon utterly lost,
both to themselves and all concerned, in that long
sojourn wherein the bulk of them abode so long
" without a King ! "
There is something extremely pathetic in this
solicitude — God's yearnings for his wayward peo
ple ! — when its truth begins to dawn upon the mind,
and something stirring, also, in the colors with
which it emblazons the Philosophy of History !
Jeremiah Favored.
The City of Jerusalem now fell, with Jeremiah
still incarcerated in its dungeons. But he was
quickly liberated by the Babylonians so soon as his
identity and situation were discovered, and al
though the Sceptre of David was apparently shat
tered we shall see in time that Jehovah had it still
in his keeping, and that Jeremiah himself was
charged with its peculiar guardianship.
The captain of the host treated him with marked
consideration, and he was allowed to go and come,
and to save and preserve, in the general wreck and
pillage, whatsoever he would, all of which was done

JEREMIAH FAVORED. 223"
by the express command of Nebuchadnezzar him
self !
Jeremiah's own account of his liberation, and its
implied latitude, is as follows: " Now Nebuchadnez
zar, the king of Babylon, had given special charge
concerning Jeremiah to Nebuzur-adan, the captain
of the guard, saying, Take him, and look well to him,
and do him no harm ; but do unto him even as he
shall say unto thee.
" So Nebuzar-adan, and the other generals, and all
the princes of Babylon, [each one of whom thus
seems to have had Jeremiah's safety a matter of
special concern !] sent and took Jeremiah out of the
court of the prison."
But by some misunderstanding these emissaries
brought him to Ramah, still bound in chains,
among the other captives. Here, however, the
error was amply rectified, and the captain of the
guard, who, like Nebuchadnezzar himself and most
all of Babylon, under Daniel's teaching, was by this
time a firm believer in Jehovah," "took Jeremiah ^
and said unto him : The Lord thy God hath pro
nounced this evil upon this place. Now the Lord
hath brought it, and done according as he hath
said, because ye have sinned against the Lord, and
have not obeyed his voice, therefore this thing is
come upon you. And now behold, I loose thee
this day from the chains which are upon thine
hands. If it seem good unto thee to come with me
unto Babylon, come ; but if it seem ill unto thee to

224 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
come with me Unto Babylon, forbear; behold, all
the land is before thee ; whither it seemeth good and
convenient for thee to go, thither go." (Jer. xl.2-4.)
It seems probable, from the double account given
of this transaction, that Jeremiah's first act upon
being released, was to repair to his own "home"
(Jer. xlix. 14), Libnah, some twenty-five miles south
of Mizpah, where his daughter Hamutal probably
resided ; for the Prophet had no doubt already se
cured the release of "the king's daughters," who
figure so prominently in the subsequent portion of
our story, and, if so, would certainly have been
anxious to place them in the immediate hands of
their own grandmother, who at this time could not
have been more than fifty-six years old.
This journey was made under the immediate pro
tection of Gedaliah himself (Jer. xlix. 14), but upon
Jeremiah's election to remain at Libnah the Gover
nor seems to have repaired to Mizpah and reported
the facts to the Commander of the Guard.
At the Old Homestead.
Hamutal's residence was probably in the suburbs
of the town, — not in its busy centre, — some ances
tral estate of the house of Levi which had come
down to Hilkiah from generation to generation since
the days of Joshua himself, and it is interesting to
note that a little place of this very character, only a
few miles to the southeast of Libnah, still lies
warmly sconced upon the southwestern slopes of

SAXON FOLK LORE. 225
the vine-clad foothills of the so-called mountains of
Judea. Its name upon the maps of Palestine is " Beth
Tappuah," a term that almost irresistibly suggests a
corruption from an original " House of Taphath "
or Tephi ! and which with equal force reminds us
of the well-known stanza so often used to ridicule
the Welsh, and beginning
" I went to Taffie's House
And Taffie wasn't home 1 "
Indeed, this good natured pleasantry, from which
the Welsh as a people became known as " Taphs "
or " Taffies is actually reputed to have owed its ori
gin to their great veneration for the Irish Queen
Tephi herself ! — for she was also theirs as well !
But in the earlier days with which our story is at
present most concerned, there did arrive, in grave
reality, a time when " Taffie wasn't home ! " a
time, too, when both the " Beef " and " marrow
bone " of Judah's monarchy had vanished with her !
Saxon Folk Lore.
The whole of this old folk rhythm is as follows :
" Taffie was a Welsh man !
Taffie was a thief I
Taffie came to my house,
And stole my piece of BEEF I
I went to Taffie's house,
But Taffie wasn't home,
For Taffie was at my house
An4 stole my jjarrqw Bojjb I ''

226 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
The soubriquet " Taffie " is usually derived from
David (Hebrew, Beloved), one of the most common
Welsh names, and even from this western stand
point is equally significant, particularly if we bear
in mind the fact that our own little Tephi, or
" Tephi the Beloved " was herself the " daughter of
David," * and in her own generation was the very
" marrow bone," or last hope, of "the Kingdom,"
" or Beef " of Ephraim (himself " a Heifer ") i. e. of
The Ten Lost Tribes !
Moreover, continuing to read the rhythm as a
mediaeval and even modern myth, it has still further,
and perhaps quite as significant teachings, in its west
ern applications, where the Welsh alone of all the
Tribes preserve the ancient name of Khumree, once
common to the whole Kingdom, and where in spite
of all the vicissitudes of so called theft, that have
loaded the pages of our history, " the Sceptre " is
still David's, and " the Prince of Wales " its perpet
ual inheritor, and where, finally, the indomitable
Ephraim, or " John Bull," in his collective capacity,
has written on the very arms of England his title to
the double honor ! (Gen. xlviii. 22.)
"Dieu et mon droit f " God and my right"
What "right"?
My BIRTHRIGHT first! (i Chron. v. 1-2), and
finally my " right " to all the blessings which flow
in with David's rule ! (2 Chron. xiii. 5.)
* The very " Beloved of the Beloved," or the tp of ""H.

MOTHER GOOSE FOR GROWN FOLK. 227
There is a Hebrew fitness to the Folk lore of our
Western Isles that has often caused a warranted
surprise ; but perhaps when we come to read more
clearly our title to an Eastern origin, so lofty as the
one now urged, we shall perceive far more of
truth and history in such tales as the " House that
Jack built," and in " Little Bo Peep," in "Jack and
his bag of beans," in " Jack Sprat and his Wife," in
the " Lion and the Unicorn," in " Jack and his
Bean-stalk," in the "Song of a Sixpence," in "Jack
the Giant Killer," and in all the other Indo-
European legends that survive among us, than we
dream of now in our philosophy! At any rate,
whether these nursery tales conceal the Saxon Myth
or not, — and they are all older than tradition, —
they at least afford a ready means of interesting
children in our actual story, and, if properly ex
plained, of fixing it correctly in the minds of even
grown folks ! They will yet furnish texts for many
a sermon to be delivered on the mountains of the
Heights of Israel, while many a sermon, preached
there nowadays, had better far have ended at the
reading of its text !
Mother Goose for Grown Folk.
For instance, the story of "Jack and Jill" ex
actly illustrates the successive fates which befel the
" crowns " of " Israel " and " Judah."
In " Little Boy Blue," we still see " Israel " fast
asleep ! — blind to the Rock whence he is hewn — his

228 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
flocks astray. How pointed then this call from out
the Saxon past: «* Come blow your horn 1 "
For surely it is time to wake ! And
" Dickery dickery dock 1 "
Has not the mouse been long enough in " Israel's"
clock? (i Sam. vi. ; Levit. xi. 29; Isa. lxvi. 17.)
Yea, verily, for it is " one o'clock," and high time,
at last, for all the rodents to be driven out!
And again ; have we not fumbled amid the be
ginnings of history, and to our own discredit, quite
sufficiently? Our Japhetic " John-a-Nory," and his
Aryanic Gentiles, have monopolized the pages hith
erto. But never fear, the nursery story has only
just begun. We Saxons are about to tell the world another,
" About Jack and his Brother I "
And when told the story's donel
But we hear, perchance, some startled reader say :
" does he pretend to claim that " Mother Goose "
herself was inspired ?
Of course not ; she too is but the modern phasis
of a myth. But none the less, these tales, that form
her present repertoire, represent those which the
latent wisdom of OUR Race has deemed worthy of
survival. And I do maintain that there is Provi
dence in it, through and through. Mother Hubbard
may be modern, the soubriquet of last century's

MOTHER GOOSE FOR GROWN FOLK. 229
editor, perhaps, but the tales are not ; they are as
old as " Punch and Judy " — still the delight of
Arabs, and indigenous to the very East, where the
" modern " " sons of Isaac " also spent their youth !
However, in the inner sense which recognizes
that there are no accidents in human life, — and on
this basis do we pen these Studies, — these fables of
our youth conceal the deepest wisdom of our ances
tors, and this, perchance, is why they do not die ;
they certainly have historical applications of deep
portent, and they have lessons to impart of the ut
most beauty and solemnity.
Take, for instance, as a final example, the follow
ing well known rhyme :
" Little * Jack Horner, t
Sat in the Corner, \
Eating a Christmas § pie ;
He put in his thumb, ||
And drew out a plum, IT
Saying, What a big** boy am 1 1 "
* Dan'l. ii. ; Ezek. xi. 16; Hos. i. 10, etc.
t See 31st Identity, page 97, Study No. I.
{ Angleland, French Angle-terre, The corner land, The land or
Island in the Northwest Corner of the Earth, " The Strong North
west Corner," etc. Deut. xxxii. 26; xxxiii. 17; Isa. xxiv. 15; xiii.
4; xlix. 19; Hos. xi. 10; Zech. viii. 7; Jer. iii. 12, 18; xxiii. 8, etc.
§ What other nation does, or can, keep Christmastide as Saxons
do? || The Hand an Emblem of Might, and the thumb the strength
thereof !
1 Matt. xv. 24, 1 Sam. xxv. 18, xxx. 12, 2 Sam. xvi. 1, 1 Chron.
xii. 40.
**"Big,'' contracted from beichog, beichiazvg, burdened, loaded.

230 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
As a matter of fact, we have in this rhyme, con
densed into a nutshell, the very gist and philosophy
of " Israel's " present favored circumstance among
the nations of the earth ! It clearly represents her
as the " Little Stone Kingdom " of the " Sons of
Isaac," seated in the "angle of the earth," — eating
in gladness her " Christmas pie " ; for to her ALONE*
of all the nations, came that first and blessed Christ
mas present ; f that through her at length, in God's
good time, all other nations might be also blessed %
— and, whether intended or not (for no prophet
writes of his own genius, nor comprehends the scope
of all he utters §), yet none the less, the fitness and
the application will endure forever !
" The Hill House Estate."
But we must crave our reader's pardon for this
long digression, and hasten back to Jeremiah and his
visit to Beth Tappuah. The connection of Tephi
with Tappuah is by no means far fetched ; nor is it
a derivation merely ferreted out in order to bolster
up a false position ; it is just the opposite, — a fact,

pregnant; Webster says, "figuratively, pregnant as with something
portentous ; ready to produce, etc. Its ancient meaning was full of
Josephetic significance (Gen. xlviii. xlix. 22-26; Deut. xxxiii. 13-17).
It is only in these latter times that it has obtained a baser value.
* Matt. x. 26 ; xviii. n ; Luke xv. 4, 6, 24, 32, etc.
t Luke ii. 1-20.
{ Gen. xxii. 18.
§ 1 Peter i. 2.

"the hill house estate." 231
found without leaving our path, and one sufficiently
verified by the map itself. In Young's Concor
dance, Tappuah is derived from man, an apple —
the very word from which Mr. Glover derives
Tephi. But as already set forth on page 194,
we prefer to obtain it from the stem root itself, <p,
Taph, Taff, or Teff, " a little one." Young also
gives the signification of " Hillplace " to Tappuah,
more literally Hill House.
As we learn from Black's Atlas it is now called
Tef-fuh : Tel Tef-fuh — still quite as near to the
House of Taphah, Teffie, Taffy, or Tephi, as we
should expect after the lapse of 2472 years since it
derived this especial name from having really been
the " house of refuge" of our little Heroine — then
but a child of four !
Nor can even this be regarded as a mere surmise,
or a groundless assumption, when it is fairly
weighed against several parallels found in the life of
this very maiden. Indeed, wherever either history or
tradition tells us that she sojourned, there they are
equally explicit in stating that the place itself was
actually named for honor of her presence. For in
stance, we shall soon trace her from this Beth Tap
hah, to Taphanes, still known to Arabs, only for
her sake, and shall follow her from thence to Tea-
mur, which, as already intimated (page 201) takes
its greatest honor from her residence and tomb.
She must indeed have been as fair as Solomon's de
scription of his well Beloved ;

232 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
" An apple-blossom — beautiful as gold":
And set withal in silver,"
For her fame has never waned wherever she was
known, and her very name has ever been a word
most .fitly spoken. (Prov. xxv. n.)
All of these places have many names, but. none of
them are " common " ones, that is, familiar with the
people, save those that point directly to the Princess
Tea Tephi. So, therefore, while the doctors wran
gle, as they still do over all these names, and none
of them agree, we are confident that the people will
at once recognize the truth and prize it at its worth.
Called Back to Ramah.
Well, straight out to Tappuah from Libnah went
our Prophet, — either with his wards, or to them, or
at least to one of them, the sweetest of the group ! —
and was greeted by Hamutal, whose retired dwelling
place had thus far been secure from every molesta
tion. Of course, the future destiny of Tea Tephi, —
" the little Apple-blossom," — was as much beyond
the ken of Jeremiah, as it was beyond that of her
elder sisters. She was, at this time, hardly old
enough to be a " Cinderella," and many years were
destined to transpire before a Prince appeared to
claim her hand. Whether the Prophet intended to
remain there or not we have now no means of
judging, for circumstances made his stay too short
to furnish us with any data.

CALLED BACK to ramah. 233
It is probable that Nebuzar-adan did not wholly
like this extremely independent act upon the
Prophet's part, for immediately upon finding out
that he had not gone back with Gedaliah, i. e. to
Mizpah, as he had expected, he seems to have sent
for him a second time, and to have urged upon him
this far more prudent step.
For as the land was now full of robbers, and his
own preparations to leave for Riblah were almost
completed, the Babylonian Captain felt perhaps
some natural hesitancy in leaving either Jeremiah
himself, or the elderly Queen mother, or " the daugh
ters of Zedekiah," so far beyond the protection of
the special military guard that he intended to place
at Mizpah with Gedaliah ere he departed, and subse
quent events fully justified his wisdom.
Jeremiah's own account of this second interview
is as follows: "Now while he was not yet gone
back, Nebuzar-adan advised him, Go back also to
Gedaliah, the son of Ahikam the son of Shaphan,
whom the king of Babylon hath made governor over
the cities of Judah, and dwell with him among the
people ; or go wheresoever it seemeth convenient
unto thee to go."
" So the Captain of the guard gave him food, and a
reward," \^' rich presents f (Josephus)], and let him go.
Then went Jeremiah unto Gedaliah, the son of
Ahikam, to Mizpah, and dwelt with him among the
people that were left in the land." (Jer. xl. 2-6.)
Josephus, relating the same story, adds ; that Jere-

234 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
miah " desired of Nebuzar-adan that he would set at
liberty his disciple Baruch, the son of Neriah, one
of a very eminent family, and exceeding skilful in
the language of his country," which was done at his
request ; and it is highly probable that Jeremiah at
the same time extended similar good offices in be
half of Ebed-Melech and with equal success, for
these men had been expressly singled out by Jeho
vah for purposes not yet apparent.
And so at any rate, it came about, that, however
we interpret the several accounts of his two inter
views with Nebuzar-adan at Ramah, Jeremiah with
his party set out under Babylonian protection, and
came to Mizpah.
And we shall keep within the bounds of every
Biblical and historical probability if we consider the
party to have been composed as follows: Jeremiah
himself, his daughter Hamutal, the three daughters
of Zedekiah, Baruch, and Ebed-Melech.
Flotsam and Jetsam.
And for the further purposes of our Romance, as
we shall see all in good time, it is important here to
note how opportune his arrival was at Gedaliah's
headquarters. It seems that the Babylonian escort, which had
preceded his, had learned of the distress of a
foreign vessel in the harbor of Joppa, had proceeded
thither, and but just returned with the unoffending
crew in chains.

flotsam and jetsam. 235
The prophet seemed to be strangely exercised so
soon as he? obtained the details of the matter, and
having diligently listened to all the Babylonians
could impart he persuaded the officer in charge of
the prisoners to delay his return to Ramah, assuring
him that on the morrow Nebuzar-adan himself
would arrive at Mizpah to give his final instructions
to Gedaliah previous to his approaching departure
for the North.
In the mean time he interviewed the strangers,
who appeared to be Merchants of Tarshish on their
homeward way from the ports of Egypt, and assured
them of his good offices in their behalf.
Among them was a young Tartesian of striking
and commanding presence by whom the Prophet
seemed to be particularly attracted, and divining
that he was probably the owner of the western
merchantman he used his influence with the Baby
lonian officer to ameliorate his lot at once. Indeed,
the Babylonians themselves began to perceive their
error and were not slow in releasing all the captives
from their chains, although they continued to keep
the party under strict surveillance.
Upon the following day Nebuzar-adan himself
arrived upon the scene, and the circumstances
were duly reported to him by his now somewhat
perturbed subordinates who also related the
manifest interest Jeremiah had taken in the
matter. So the Captain of the Guard sent for the Prophet,

236 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
who admitted his concern, and soon explained the
situation to the satisfaction of the chief.
It Seems that the ship and its crew had been
originally taken for an Egyptian cruiser, manned by
Pharaoh Hophra's order for hostile purposes against
the Babylonians, a very natural mistake for those to
make who had no seaboard of their own. Jeremiah,
however, had at once perceived the error, and now
easily explained it to Nebuzar-adan, who, moreover,
was personally cognizant of his Monarch's ultimate
intent to visit Tarshish itself if not to spread his
conquests thither.
The strangers were now brought before them, and
singling the young Tartesian out of' the group, the
Hebrew Seer surprised the latter by addressing him
in a dialect of his own language, and by evincing a
mysterious knowledge of his late disastrous voyage.
In the mean time the latter disclaimed that any
hostile intent had led him into the port of Joppa,
but rather stress of weather only had forced him to
seek shelter there ; nor had he visited Egypt, save
by accident, for said he, " The ships of farther Tar
shish, whence I come, rarely trade with nations east
of Port Getulia ; we leave the commerce of this
inner sea to the Phoenicians, and prefer to guard the
Secrets of the West."
At the further instance of the Hebrew Seer the
rest of the party were now led away, leaving in the
captain's tent only the Prophet, the Babylonian
commander and the young Norseman, Formorian,

PLANS AND PREPARATIONS. 237
or whatever title best seems to suit the distant land
from whence he evidently hailed.
What thereafter occurred, however, was not gen
erally divulged, but upon the close of the interview
Nebuzar-adan gave orders for the immediate release
of all the prisoners, and even assisted them to com
plete their preparations for departure.
It seems that he, Nebuzar-adan, had been fully
persuaded not only that the success of Nebuchad
nezzar's arms lay in the haste with which this par
ticular party of strangers was dismissed, but that his
own personal fortunes were in some way myste
riously wrapped up in their immediate safety.
In a few days, therefore, and to every one's re
lief, the Babylonians who had accompanied them
back to Joppa returned to Mizpah, en route to
Ramah, and reported that the vessel had departed
on her way.
Plans and Preparations.
In the mean time Jeremiah and his party had set
tled down to their surroundings, and although fur
ther from his actual base of operations than he
would have been at Libnah, still he was quite as
free to make and complete such final preparations
1 as were necessary to further the far-reaching proj
ects of Jehovah, with reference to David's Sceptre;
and concerning which by this time he must have
been to some extent enlightened.
Nevertheless, while there are plenty of intima-

238 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
tions scattered in Hebrew literature, which go to
show that he and Baruch were deeply involved in
affairs which concerned the future of God's people,
whatever they accomplished was done so quietly,
and with such a consummate tact and Free Ma
sonry, as to awaken no suspicions among the unini
tiated while they were in operation, and to leave no
trace of anything unusual behind them when they
disappeared from the stage of Palestine's affairs.
But we, who now may watch them, as it were in
spirit, going in and out among the unsuspecting
people of the land, too poor and worried with their
own misfortunes to observe them closely, we, who
know they had a secret, and were weighed down
with a deep and anxious responsibility, perchance
by closely studying their actions may detect at least
its general purport.
Granted the suspicion, even at a day so late as
this, that such a secret existed, and we may be con
fident it will in due time be discovered and tran
scribed upon pages which history has left blank for it.
" It is the Glory of God to conceal a thing,
But the honor of kings is to search a matter out."
Concealed Treasures.
For instance, we read in 2 Maccabees ii. 2 that in
view of what was coming upon Jerusalem, Jeremiah
had already hidden the Ark, the Tabernacle, and
the Altar of Incense; and probably in the same

concealed treasures. 239
place he concealed all the other evidences of regal
ity essential to the mission he had yet to fulfil.
The whole of this suggestive fragment is as follows :
"It is also found in the records that Jeremy the
prophet commanded them that were carried away
to take of the sacred fire, and how that the prophet,
having given them the law, charged them not to
forget the commandments of the Lord, and that
they should not err in their minds, when they saw
images of gold and silver with their ornaments.
And with other such speeches exhorted he them,
that the law should not depart from their hearts.
" It was also contained in the same writing that
the prophet, being warned of God, commanded the
tabernacle and the ark to go with him, as he went
forth into the mountain where Moses climbed up
and saw the heritage of God.
" And when Jeremy came thither, he found an hol
low cave, wherein he laid the Tabernacle, and the
Ark, and the Altar of Incense, and so stopped the
door. " And some of those that followed him came to
mark the way, but they could not find it. Which,
when Jeremy perceived, he blamed them, saying,
As for that place it shall be unknown until the time
that God gather his people again together, and re
ceive them unto mercy.
" Then shall the Lord shew them these things,
and the glory of the Lord shall appear, and the
cloqd also, as it was shewed under Moses,"

240 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
We also know that Jeremiah had charged Baruch,
his scribe, with the concealment of similar instru
ments — the title deeds of Anathoth — sealed and
authenticated with the utmost ceremony, and that
they were buried by Baruch in an earthen vessel for
the purpose of remaining hid for many days (Jer.
xxxii.), and of being brought out eventually, in the
latter times, as evidences of God's integrity. (Isa.
xli. 22, et al., xiii. 9, xliii. 9.)
Certain also of Jeremiah's writings have been sim
ilarly missing ever since his own day, fragments of
which are referred to by Josephus, and in the Macca
bees, and by Christ himself, and complete copies of
which are undoubtedly preserved among these valu
able archives yet to be produced in the light of all
the world.
The learned Rabbi Schwartz, of Cologne, substan
tiates, from the sources of Hebrew law, the state
ment of Rev. F. R. A. Glover* that " Jacob's Pil
low " had the chief place of honor in the Temple,
and was used by the High Priest as the Altar of
Incense, upon which he placed the Censer after
using it before the Lord.
All Jewish tradition implies the express sanctity
of this Venerable Stone, and its preservation down to
the time of the Babylonian captivity.
And we further know that el Sakhrah, over which

* See " England the Remnant of Judah, and the Ephraim of
Israel."

THE SCARLET THREAD RECOVERED. 24 1
the Mohamedans have erected the " Dome of the
Rock" (or the Mosque of Omar), originally gained
from the Caliph Omar its chief veneration from
having been the last known resting place of this
muniment of Empire, Israel's ancient Coronation
Stone. We shall reserve for a special number in these
Studies, the detailed history of this stone, denomi
nated Phail, or " WONDERFUL ; " it being sufficient
to relate here, that it was the veritable " Coronation
Stone," or "King's Pillar," whereon "it was the
manner " of David's line to take their coronation
oath (2 Kgs. xi. 14, xxiii. 3, etc.), and that it was
undoubtedly that very " Altar of Incense," which
Jeremiah took such pains to conceal, against the
day of his ultimate departure for the Western Isle
named by himself Eron, or Erin, from the Ark he
at that same time took to it ! (See Josephus, B.
iii. cvi. 5).
These that we know of, and all other prepara
tions which were necessary, did Jeremiah, and those
who were with him in the secret, make with all due
care and diligence during the while they waited for
the occasion which was to offer them an unhindered
passage to "the Land of Destiny."
The Scarlet Thread Recovered.
But with all these preparations fully made, may we,
the modern Race of Isaac's sons, recall the anxious
question of our lofty ancestor, as faithful by the

242 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
side of still more faithful Abraham, he struggled to
the summit of Moriah.
" Behold the fire and the wood : but where is the
lamb for a burnt offering ? "
Behold the Throne and Sceptre, Ark, and Ar
chives, but where is the " Seed of David " for a
Ruler?
Yet, let us still go on together in the faith of
Abraham and Isaac, for God who is "Jehovah
Jireh," had not left a link so necessary out of calcu-
tion, and if we turn and look about us we shall find
the chosen " Goel " * caught in the thicket by a
Saxon crown of golden locks.
A gentle maiden, beautiful and fair, appears upon
the scene.
She is the loveliest and youngest of the several
daughters of Zedekiah, whom, as we have seen,
the Babylonian King had generously spared, as
though in deference to an inward intimation from on
high. Nebuchadnezzar was not wholly unmindful of the
designs of the Almighty, as conveyed to him not
only by self consciousness, but by the darker say
ings of Ezekiel and Daniel.
Like Cyrus and like Alexander, who in turn suc
ceeded him in swaying the temporary Gentile
Sceptre, he was let into light enough to feel con
vinced that of a truth " the Most High ruleth in the
* Hebrew, heir.

THE SCARLET THREAD RECOVERED. 243
kingdom of men, and giveth it to whomsoever he
will." Suffice it, however, now to reiterate that he spared
these children, only the Daughters of Zedekiah, and
that they were the last hope of David and Pharez.
From this time onward they are frequently men
tioned by Josephus and the Bible, until all of a
sudden the records come to an abrupt termination.
They are also always coupled in connection with
Jeremiah and Baruch, and, indirectly, all of them
with a chosen remnant ; and they all disappear at
once, together with all trace of the Royal Regalia,
and of the sacred things of Israel, so far as Jewish
records (Talmud), Scriptures, (the Bible), and His
tory (Josephus et al.) afforded us any light.
Now a queen in Israel was as eligible to rule as a
Victoria in Britain, — there is no Salic law entailed
upon the Saxon crown ; indeed, the earliest promise
to the human race is curtailed by a limitation, the
very reverse of the Salic one, and confers the height
of favor on the female sex.
Like then, as Mary, in a later day, was reared of
God in David's line to ratify the earlier promise
unto Eve, so now, for David's sake, and in a kin
dred sense, this maiden was selected to save the
Royal line, and rear a man to sit upon his earthly
throne. And so we crave continued patience of our read
ers, while we thread once more the beads upon the
scarlet cord we have recovered.

244 the philosophy of history.
Waiting at Mizpah.
But the affairs of the disturbed Remnant of Judah,
which Nebuchadnezzar had suffered to remain be
hind him under Gedeliah, as Governor of the Land,
did not run smoothly save upon their surface.
Quite unbeknown to Jeremiah, there was another
scheme at work in an entirely different quarter, and
one whose dominating treachery arrived at an un-
looked for crisis just as his own more peaceful prep
arations to plant anew the seed of David in a fertile
soil were ripening for final action.
In the disastrous outcome which resulted, all of
Jeremiah's secret plans were threatened for a while
with complete frustration. However, in the long
run, as we shall see, this contretemps reduced itself
merely to the proportions of a serious delay, and in
effect turned out to be an important and providential
disposition.which enabled their plans to beeventually
prosecuted to their consummation without any far
ther risk of detection, although the final debarkation
for an unknown, far off country, took place in the
most open manner.
All this has since conspired to assist in the better
concealment of Jeremiah's ultimate movements, and
has so blinded research ever since, by throwing it
entirely off of the actual scent, as to stifle even its in
ception. These incidents, which we shall therefore now
consider, form a special chapter in a story already

Waiting at mizpah. 245
so full of remarkable ones, that, were it possible to
enhance what the very spirit of interest has supple
mented, could only add more and more to the over
flow of its unusually romantic character.
While Jeremiah, Baruch, and Ebed-Melech were
therefore engaged in their absorbing labors, the
daughters of Zedekiah abode quietly at Mizpah,
(suggestive name !) with Hamutal and Gedeliah un
der whose more immediate protection they had been
left by Nebuzar-adan.
It is not at all likely that they were as yet in
formed of Jeremiah's plans with reference to them,
although they could not but have seen, with wo
man's penetrating instinct, how solicitous these well-
beloved and venerable men were for their comfort
and protection, and must have welcomed, in such
dreary times, the somewhat rare occasions when cir
cumstances brought them all together into closer in
tercourse in Gedeliah's house.
Entrusted with such weighty concerns one or
more of the three had frequently to be away, but it
had been arranged between them that at least one
of them should always remain with these children as
a sort of special guardian.
This lot seems generally, and most naturally to
have fallen upon the aged eunuch, whose constant
presence could not have been sufficiently obtrusive
to attract attention, since they had been used to it
from early infancy.
In this way it came about that only Ebed-M<?

246 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY;
lech was personally with them during an exciting
sequence of incidents which we are now to relate,
and which took place while Jeremiah and Baruch
were temporarily away, at Anathoth perhaps, or in
other quarters where their treasures were con
cealed. A Rival Claimant to the Throne!
So soon as the Babylonian Army of Invasion had
departed, leaving only a small guard behind them to
support Gedeliah in the execution of his governor
ship and the collection of the tribute, quantities of
the Jews who had fled away into the nations border
ing upon Judea, began to come together unto him,
as did also many of the scattered squads of Jewish
soldiery under their respective captains, and who
having been in the fields as outlying pickets, and ob
serving parties, had escaped the general surrender
and disaster.
And when the ability and humanity of Gedeliah,
who was of noble qualities and family, became ap
parent to the people, he quickly won the honor and
esteem of all about him, so that with the utmost ar
dor they had set about preparing for the coming win
ter, and the getting of their sorrowful affairs in bet
ter order. (Jer. xl. 7-12).
In general harmony they labored at the task of re
habilitation, and separated into bands, collecting
wine, and summer fruits, and oil, and dwelling in
the several cities they had taken.

a rival claimant to the throne ! 247
But the Serpent had no pity even upon this dis
ordered Eden.
For it happened that there was a very wicked and
orafty man named Ishmael, who during the siege
had fled away from Jerusalem to Baalis, King of the
Ammonites, and, having remained with him until
the days of Gedaliah's governorship, now returned
with the secret intention of slaying Gedeliah that he
might seize the kingdom over Judah.
In this design he was clandestinely supported by
Baalis, who, together with Ishmael, had already at
tempted to win over several of the Jewish captains,
among whom were Johanan and others, but who
had indignantly resented their propositions.
Now this Ishmael was of the so called " Royal
Seed," but simply because he was a direct descend
ant of Pharez, and of a wealthy, and formerly most
influential family.
But his claim to the throne of Judah was only of
the very faintest color, he not being at all of
David's line, but rather having descended from
Hezron, eight ancestral generations before David,
and even this only by a very distant and collateral
offshoot !
Nevertheless the mere setting up of a "claim,"
by this man, to the sceptre of Judah, is not only
as curious an instance of " the right by reversion "
as we have ever had, even in complicated English
history itself, but it is thus, and also, a powerful
indirect and circumstantial evidence that the state

248 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
of affairs with David's Seed at this critical juncture,
was even as we have already represented it, to wit :
that all of its male issue must have been dead, save
such as were then hopelessly languishing in Baby
lonian prisons, and that Zedekiah's daughters were
the sole remaining vital hope of David, and thus an
object worthy of Jeremiah's most anxious solici
tude. Ishmael's evident intention was to seize and
marry the eldest of these daughters and so secure
his own assumed right to the sceptre of Judah by
adding to it the sceptre of David.
Hence, although the effect of Ishmael was ulti
mately futile, it is a chapter in our story well merit
ing close attention, and one which, down to the
present occasion, has entirely escaped the due con
sideration and analysis that it demands.
It is curioUs, too, to note in passing, how com
plete the genealogies of the Bible always are, down
to those generations which require such special
study, as the present case suggests. Thus, in 1
Chronicles ii. 5, 21-41 supplemented by the three
generations given in Jeremiah (xli. 1) and which
enable us to make the junction, we find the com
plete genealogy of this ancient " Pretender" Ish
mael, and though its study is a tedious diversion in
our story, which from its thrilling novelty and in
terest is naturally impatient for the climax, yet
we must not fail to do it fullest justice, nor forget
the patience with which Jeremiah, interrupted in

ISHMAEL USURPS THE SCEPTRE. 249
the still more engrossing scenes of its actual prose
cution, was forced to possess his soul, already
wearied to the utmost limits !
This chapter of the Story of David's seed is suf
fered to be interpolated at this anxious era by
Jehovah Himself, and breaks into the Bible account
just as it does into our far less graphic modern tale,
and it will surely occupy but moments of our time,
compared with the months and years of further
waiting that it caused his little Remnant, and the
centuries through which he has himself been view
ing the slow unrolling of the perfect plan of which
it is so small a part.
Ishmael Usurps the Sceptre.
This Ishmael came twice to visit Gedaliah. Upon
the first occasion in the intucalary month of 3416
A. M., he merely improved his opportunity to spy
out the condition of affairs, and to approach some
of the subordinate captains with his treacherous
designs. After his departure Johanan and others, who
were exceedingly in love with Gedaliah, at once
reported the whole matter to him, and entreated
him that they might be allowed to take the initia
tive, and slay Ishmael, before he could put his own
projects into operation.
But to this proposition Gedaliah would not listen,
and, following the version of Josephus he frankly
told them " that he did not believe what they said

250 THE philosophy of history.
when they told him of such a treacherous design in
a man who had been well treated by him, because
it was not probable that one who, under such a
want of all things, had failed of nothing that was
necessary for him, should be found so wicked and
ungrateful towards his benefactor ; that when it
would be an instance of wickedness in him not to
save him, had he been treacherously assaulted by
others, to endeavor, and that earnestly, to kill him
with his own hand [would be worse]; that, how
ever, if he ought to consider this information to be
true, it was better for himself to be slain by the
other,* than to destroy a man who fled to him for
refuge, and entrusted his own safety to him and
committed himself to his disposal."
" So Johanan and the rulers that were with him,
not being able to persuade Gedaliah, went away ;
but after the interval of thirty days was over, Ish
mael came again to Gedaliah, to the city of Mizpah,
and ten men with him ; and when he had feasted
Ishmael, and those that were with him in a splendid
manner at his table, and had given them presents,
he became disordered in drink, while he endeavored
to' be very merry with them ; and when Ishmael
saw him in that condition and that he was drowned
in his cups to the degree of insensibility, and had
fallen asleep, he rose up on a sudden with his ten
friends, and slew Gedaliah, and those that were
with him at the feast ; and when he had slain them
he went out by night and slew all the Jews that

ISHMAEL USURPS THE SCEPTRE. 25 1
were in the city, and those soldiers also that were
left therein by the Babylonians.
" Now upon the next day fourscore men came
out of the country [from Samaria], with presents to
Gedaliah, none of them knowing what had befallen
him ; and when Ishmael saw them he invited them
in to Gedaliah, who when they were come in, he
shut up in the court and also slew them, and cast
their bodies into a certain deep pit that they might
not be seen, though some of them he ransomed for
reward. " Then Ishmael took captive all the residue of
the people that were in Mizpah, and the women and
the children, among whom were the daughters of
king Zedekiah, and the Eunuchs [among whom was
Ebed-Melech] and departed to go over to the Am-
morites." (Consult Josephus and Jer. xli. 10-17.)
In discussing the Chronology of this matter (vide
Study No. 2, page 195), we have already shown that
it was at the New Year's feast of 3417 A. M. that the
traitor Ishmael slew Gedaliah, in the hope that by
seizing the King's daughters he could support his
own pretentions to the succession by an alliance which
would have guaranteed them !
And it was a very important new year's festival in
that it began the new cycle of fifteen years by
which the Hebrew calendars were harmonized.
All of this is still further corroborated by the un
broken custom of the Jews, who ever since the
events recounted have kept the Fast of Gedaliah

252 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
upon the third day of Tishri, which upon every
fifteenth year (as in 1892 A. D.), falls still, as then,
upon the autumnal equinox, and the very institu
tion of this fast bears tacit evidence to this day, of
what was probably, though now wholly lost sight
of, the real occasion of its institution — to wit, the
risk that David's line then ran of serious mishap !
The King's Daughters Rescued.
" But when Johanan and the rulers with him
heard of all the evil that Ishmael had done they
took with them all their men and pursued him, with
the intention of fighting with him ; and they over
took him by the great waters that are in Gibeon.
"And it came to pass that when all the captives
which were with Ishmael, saw Johanan and his
forces, they cast about and deserted in a body, and
Ishmael with his eight remaining companions es
caped to Baalis."
In the meanwhile Johanan took those whom he
had rescued, even the whole residue of the people,
and the women, and children, and KING'S DAUGH
TERS, and Eunuchs, and Ebed-Melech and his men
of war, and hastened to Mandra, near Bethlehem,
where they abode that day. For it was now deter
mined to fly into Egypt, for fear of the Babylo
nians, whom they believed would certainly slay
them because of all that had occurred.
Now while they were under this deliberation,
Johanan, and, the rulers that were with him, came

JOHANAN REVOLTS FROM JEHOVAH. 253
upon Jeremiah, who, with Baruch, had apparently
just returned from the final one of his several
long and secret journeys into the wilderness, and
had learned with consternation only a part of what
had happened in his absence.
The Prophet, delighted with the safety of his
special wards, over whom Ebed-Melech's charmed
life (Jer. xxxix. 15-18) had been a talismanic guar
dian, and confident for his own and Baruch's for
similar reasons (Jer. xiv. and i. 17-19), and even
more so for the safety of the chosen seed, listened
attentively to a full account of all that had transpired
and of their determination to escape into Egypt.
Johanan Revolts from Jehovah.
Jeremiah, however, was confident that no harm
would happen to them from the Chaldeans, for
what so clearly was not their fault, and was equally
convinced that he could explain the affair to Nebu
chadnezzar's agents so that Baalis and Ishmael
would be speedily punished.
He was opposed to the Egyptian proposition, but
nevertheless, at their earnest instance promised to
make direct supplication to the God of Israel for
them, and keep nothing back from them of His
reply. And they in turn took upon themselves a solemn
oath, to obey in all respects the answer — be it what
it might.To make now the long and interesting matter

254 THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY.
short, which is detailed at length in Jeremiah xiii.,
the answer of Jehovah came to him in ten days,
and was a pointed injunction against the proposi
tion to escape to Egypt, coupled with a positive
doom pronounced upon any and all who should set
their hearts to disobey.
But in spite of all this, Johanan and the rulers
gained over the majority, and recklessly determined
to disobey the voice of the Lord.
So they took by force all those who were op
posed, and all who were undetermined, saying unto
Jeremiah " Thou speakest falsely," and " Baruch
setteth thee against us."
And they seized him, and Baruch, and Ebed-
Melech, and the King's daughters, and, together
with all the men, and women and children, and
every person that Nebuzar-adan had left with Geda
liah, they set out for Egypt.
And behind them Judea was as desolate of inhab
itants, and Ramah of the children of Rachel, as
Samaria had been a century before. (Jer. xliii. 5, 7,
2 Kgs. xxv. 26, Josephus et al.).
" And so they came into the land of Egypt : for
they obeyed not the voice of the Lord ; thus came
they even to Tahpanhes."
This double wickedness which added wilful per
jury to bold defiance, was the final act that filled
their measure of persistent disobedience, and for it,
long foreseen of God, the breach descended upon
Pharez's house.

JOHANAN REVOLTS FROM JEHOVAH. 255
By it these " children of Taphanhes broke the
crown (Jer. iii. et al.), and as they crossed the river
of Egypt, the throne of Judah began to " over
turn " for the first of those momentous THREE
times mentioned in Ezekiel * (xxi. 26, 27).
But not all were guilty; God had reserved a Royal
Remnant for his servant David's sake.
It was by God's command that Joseph, in a later
day arose with Mary and her young child and fled
from this same Bethlehem to Egypt, nor was it
without his protection that Jeremiah and his friends
and special Wards were taken there despite them
selves. * " I will overturn, overturn, overturn," etc. i. e. from Palestine
to Erin, from Erin to Scotland, and from Scotland to England,
where it waits for him whose right it is to rule the Nations I See
Study No. 1, page 200.

TO BE
C0NTI1TOED. Vide Page
*71-

A PROPHETIC RIDDLE.
"As for me, I spake in the day, and I held not my
tongue by night. In forty days they wrote ninety-four
books. And it came to pass, when the forty days were ful
filled, that the Highest spake, saying; The first that
thou hast written publish openly, that the worthy and
unworthy may read it; but keep the seventy last that
thou mayest deliver them only to such as be wise among
the people; for in them is the spirit of understanding,
the fountain of wisdom, and the stream of knowledge.
And I did so." II. (IV.) Esdras, xiv. 43-80.

OUR RtfGE:
ITS ORIGIN, ITS DESTINY.

EDITORIALS.

" He who knows not, and knows not that he knows
not, is a fool — shun him !
He who knows not, and knows he knows not, is simple;
—TEACH him!
He who knows, and knows not he knows, is ASLEEP;
—WAKE him!
He who KNOWS, and KNOWS he KNOWS, w
WISE; FOLLOW him!"
Arabian Proverb.

ITS ORIGOOT AITI> its r>3esTi:jsrx-.

SERIES 1. MARCH, 1891. No. 3.
EDITORIALS.
FROM the thoroughness with which we are en
deavoring to discuss our present topic, we are con
fident that the necessity of its overflow into another
volume will be apparent. In Study No. 4 we shall
continue the Story of Tea Tephi, and offer our
solution of The Secret of History. It will deal par
ticularly with the Flight of David's Line, and ex
plain the Manner in which Empire took its West
ward way.
We bespeak for it an immediate constituency, as
its issue must depend upon the advanced help of
the little clientele that has already gathered to our
standard. Thanking, therefore, the earnest men
and women who have thus far upheld us with their
generous patronage, we crave a continuance of their
good offices, and in return will engage to supple
ment their interest by conducting them, via the
next Study through one of the most intricate as
well as important chapters in the Labyrinth,

260 OUR RACE.
In this connection it is only fair to recall atten
tion to the fact that while our theme has already
enlisted the good will of the Secular press, we have
made but few friends among the so-called Religious
periodicals ; nor have we as yet succeeded in over
coming the unnatural prejudice of the general Book
Trade, properly so called. We are thus thrown en
tirely upon the individual support of those whom
Providence shall lead to read these Studies. We
depend upon them to spread the knowledge of this
effort among their personal friends, and to secure
orders and subscriptions for us without recourse to
intermediate agents.
In this way perhaps we may ultimately gain our
independence. In the mean time it is to be borne
in mind that although a Serial, the Quarterly parts
of this Library are believed to possess the inherent
vitality of cereals themselves, and are by no means
liable to be treated like the back numbers of a mag
azine. It is our hope that Study No. I will be as
fresh for spreading truth in years to come as it was
in the Easter-tide a year ago that saw it launched
upon the Saxon waves. We gather this from the
fact that the demand for it is on the increase rather
than the opposite, and it is on this account that we
are anxious to float at least the first Series as soon
as possible. This, too, will be more fully appre
ciated when the uncertainties of the Profession of
the Editor himself are taken into consideration !
#
* *

EDITORIALS. 26 1
Our aim is to place a working Library of Refer
ence in the hands of fellow students, to afford them
a convenient means of spreading the truth to others,
and particularly to provide a permanent repository
for the more important facts and arguments which
will be incident to the thorough discussion of a
pedigree so lofty as the one we are prepared to
maintain. But while we are treating its several
broader sub-heads in a systematic manner we shall
by no means abandon our original intentioh of en
abling vital Notes and Queries to receive conven
ient attention.
The present Study is already too crowded to ad
mit the large quantity of this material now in hand,
but in Study No. 4, with which the Series ends, we
hope to find space for all that has thus far accumu
lated. *
* *
We are certainly at " the end of days ; " and, as
the eyes of all the world are being fixed once more
upon Jerusalem, as " many " of her children are
already thither bound, as, true to prophecy, the
hills of the Holy Land are being levelled, and her
valleys lifted up against the day of His preparation,
when, borne upon modern chariots, with steam and
electricity subdued, " the Sons of God " are destined
to return and be at rest, it certainly behooves all
earnest Anglo-Saxons to give ear to those who can
discuss the coming issues upon the premises of
broad Philosophy.

262 OUR RACE.
Hitherto our labors, as a Race, have been purely
missionary, but the days of merely " witnessing " are
almost over. We have blindly given our testimony
among the "Goiim" of the earth, and like bread upon
the waters it obeys a general law of Providence, for
it is fast returning to our shores. It is now our
duty to gather up the fragments, and when this is
done we shall find there is a basketful for every
Tribe !
The scales are falling from our eyes, the Saxon
Race is " Israel indeed." Let us then turn our con
templation inward during the brief remaining hours
of the present dispensation, and with well trimmed
lamps concern ourselves with matters nearer home.
The day has come when oil is priceless, and cannot be
spared, lest haply there be not enough to go around !
*
# *
In no line of study is this more apparent than in
ours, and all whose hearts have been prepared for
the acceptance of the Identity of Israel and the
English Speaking Race, must have frequently expe
rienced the hopelessness of getting into touch with
such as see no beauty in the theme. Upon the
other hand there is but one answer now to those
who manifest an interest in this matter. " Go to
those who sell and procure this knowledge for your
selves ! " That is, it is impossible to empty one's
own heart into that of another, nor does the spirit
of truth well up into the soul, save through the
God-implanted springs within itself.

EDITORIALS. 263
We have, in so far as our own efforts and publica
tions are concerned, only limited means, but to
their full extent we are glad to sell this truth, with
out money and without price, to such as are poor in
the Coin of Caesar; we have also to acknowledge
the generosity of many earnest co-workers who at
sundry times have added to our strength in this
particular. We need the most generous pecuniary
assistance in this field and have faith that it will
come. *
* *
The History of Our Race is an ex post facto com
mentary upon Prophecy, enough of which is already
fulfilled to guarantee the rest as certain. We can
well afford, therefore, to study what is yet future,
and can certainly tell spring from winter when we
see the bursting buds !
Just think of it ! In a few weeks the three
American steam engines now impatient at Joppa
will be puffing their fierce breath into the streets of
Zion ! Electric lights are already beginning to dis
pel its gloom. Out of 70,000 inhabitants, 40,000
are Jews, 20,000 of whom have arrived for perma
nent residence during the past pentad. Bologna
proposes the meridian of Jerusalem as the Interna
tional Standard one for Time and Chronology ; and
now, from far beyond the rivers of Ethiopia, the
Land of Shadowing Wings appeals unto the Nations
in behalf of Jewish Irredentalism. With multitudes
of Eastern Jews gravitating towards Christ through

264 OUR RACE.
the Rabinowitz movement, with at least 1,500 Jews
joining the Church of England every year, with
already some 15,000 lately led to the Saviour
merely through reading Dr. Delitzsch's Hebrew
translation of the New Testament, with the whole
Jewish population, outside of Anglo-Saxon lands,
possessed with strange unrest, how can one read
such chapters as the XVIII. of Isaiah, the XVI. of
Jeremiah, the XXXVII. of Ezekiel, the XII. of
Daniel, the VI. of Hosea, the III. of Joel, the IX. of
Amos, the VII. of Micah, the XII. of Zechariah, or
the III. of Malachi, without perceiving where we
stand ? #
* #
Alas, we do not read ! That is the very trouble,
and the fault lies at the door of the " Higher
Critics," whose iniquitous deductions have encour
aged us to leave the dust upon the Word God !
Is it not time, then, for some modern Hilkiah to
search amid the rubbish that has been suffered to
accumulate in the Temple, and, having found an
authentic copy of the Law, to produce it, that it
may be read in the ears of the people?
Indeed the time is verily at hand; there is
another "Great Passover" just ahead of us! — the
most momentous one Our Race has ever seen ! In
reality the book of the Law has been found ; it is
the Bible, pure and simple, the unadulterated Word
stripped of all human commentary and studied in
the light it sheds upon itself ! It has already been

EDITORIALS. 265
shown to " Huldah, the Prophetess," and her final
warning has gone forth ! Let, therefore, those who
heed it, hasten to renew their vows, for lo ! He
cometh in the clouds ! * *
In the mean time the constituency of this little
Quarterly have much for which to congratulate
themselves, and far more for which to return thanks
unto the Giver of all increase. This effort to spread
the TRUTH is certainly growing. Not fast enough,
perhaps, to suit us who are circumscribed by human
horizons, but none the less with a hardiness that
more than promises an answer to the L' Envoy e with
which we bade the first Study of this Series " God
Speed ! " (vide page 238, Study No. 1).
The first edition of that Study is now almost ex
hausted and in spite of all adverse predictions we
already find ourselves busy at its revision, while at
the same time we are reading the final proof sheets
of the Fourth Study with which we hope to close
this Opening Series at an early date ! The effort
has begotton a correspondence of overwhelming
proportions, so long as we are single handed, and
has already elicited an interest that we were confi
dent was only latent in the sleeping Giant whom we
hoped to wake ! * #
The truth of the Anglo-Israelitish identity is the
one hopeful theme in days otherwise dark for relig
ion. Many write that the beauty of the subject has

266 OUR RACE.
awakened hopes they hardly dare to entertain. Of
course it does — but why not dare to welcome sun
light — we who have groped so hopelessly into the
miasmatic gloom of higher criticism ? It is strange
too that the most heartfelt enthusiasm is elicited
from such as have been furtherest led astray ! Yet
not so strange after all — for most of all such have
partaken of the husks in strange places, far from the
father's house. They of all others are fain to fill the
famished vitals of their faith with what the hired
servants eat amid the scene ol easy life. The more
one's honest search for truth has been confused, the
farther one has wandered, the more certainly has
the soil of his heart been harrowed with a fitness for
the primitive belief ! It is in fallow land that crops
renew their youth — Let us go back to the old Bible
meadows. The Anglo-Israel truths are suited to
our wants, and, when duly co-ordinated, explain
what is taking place about us in a philosophical and
satisfactory manner, not to be counterparted by any
fictions of human theory ; they reach out and absorb
everything. Perhaps it is hardly time as yet for
their universal acceptance, yet " the set time " is near.
The stork knoweth her appointed season, and is
flying east, the children of the dispersed take pleasure
in the stones of Zion, and it pitieth her sons and
daughters to see her in the dust. We are bruiting
the news as witnesses anyway, and there are signs
about us to show that it is being hurtled far and
wide. The days come when wings, and flocks, and

EDITORIALS. 267
fleets, and Saxon Sails — and crusades, will be actu
ated by souls stirred homewards, and then Israel
will waken with a shout ! We are on the edge of
great things and days, but it may be that the
threshold is wide ; at any rate the open rooms be
yond are far wider — mansions prepared and gar
nished ; and blessed, too, are all those who are
called to dwell therein ! #
* *
In the meanwhile it is idle not to see that " the
second Advent " is to be a central feature in the
Scenes before us. As to its chronology we have no
means of predicating anything at all. For the
elect's sake we are told that the time of its first
phase — the coming in the clouds — will be shortened,
but there is every reason to believe that, in the
interval between "the ecstacy" and "the descent
upon the Mount of Olives," the full "times" of
"Judah" will run out, even as those of "Israel"
have already done, in complete years, — Lunar let us
hope, their final " week " will be !
*
* *
( To-day,
\ 1st of Nisan, 5651 A. M.
( Sacred (Jewish) New Year day.
Finally we submit the following ominous exegesis
or chronological sermon, upon a text which has
deeply concerned all former generations of Chris
tians :

268 OUR RACE.
THE TEXT.
"Now WHEN these things BEGIN to come to pass,
THEN look up, and lift up your heads ; for your re
demption draweth nigh.
" Verily I say unto you, THAT GENERATION*.^//
not pass away till ALL be fulfilled." Luke xxi. 28, 32.
(The foregoing is the correct rendering of the
Greek original. The word translated "this" in the
authorized version is a mistranslation as its collat
eral use and translation elsewhere throughout the
Scripture provesj.
A generation is " three score years and ten," or 70
years ; 57 generations are 3,990 years.
Hence the 58th generation began in  3991 a. M.
N. B. — When this 58th generation was
17 years gone, the Saviour, a lad of
* The proof sheets of the final pages of this Study are at this mo
ment before us, and, this calculation having been made to-day, we
submit it as a final editorial. We reserve a full explanation of the
matter for a later date, but in its general aspect regard the subject as
of too great moment to be denied immediate publicity. It is well
known to the regular subscribers of this Study that its plates have
been in process of materialization for some months, and have been
prosecuted as funds came in. To explain the several dates connected
with the issue we should state that the Body of the work was com
pleted March 20, 1891. Hence the date upon the cover. The
labors of to-day (April 9, 1891), complete the editorial and miscel
laneous matter. It is therefore to be noted, for chronological pur
poses connected with our undertaking, that the completion of the
work has been literally consummated in the Soli-lunar Epact which
extends between these two important dates. C. A. L. T.

EDITORIALS. 269
12, was presented in the Temple.
(Vide table opposite page 112, Study
No. 2.)
Now consult Matthew xx. 1-16— The
hours are supposed to be "one hun-
dred and fifty and three " years each
plus a small fraction.
12 X 153 + =  + 1836^ + years

58271^ + A. M.
Add 1 generation (i. e., the one re
ferred to in our text as "THAT
generation ")  yo years

589/^ + A. M.
This corresponds to our March, 1899, A. D.
(To perceive the full significance of this calcula
tion vide "The end of the Age," i. e. The table op
posite page 206, Study No. 2.)
Who can doubt that THE generation referred to
as "THAT generation" is THIS GENERATION?
If so, it has but eight years more to run, and the
year ahead of us [from this day, April 9, 1891,
A. D., which is the first day of the new sacred (Jew
ish) year, 5651, A. M.] is a year of the Lord, a day
of Grace, a year of prayer! At its termination,
Tuesday, March 29, 1892, A. D., the final week of
Anti-Christ begins ; its final three and one-half
years constitute the period of " Jacob's trouble ! "
and during its final three literal days the two wit-

270 OUR RACE.
nesses will lie dead in the streets of Babylon !
"Whoso is wise will ponder these things." When
human calculations fail, they do so because of our
inability to catch in the net of our understanding
the smaller fish which pass through the meshes of
the mind. If we are able to catch the "hundred
and fifty and three" Great Fishes (John xxi. 1-11)
the draught is surely ominous enough to make us
feel the nearness of One whose advent we expect,
although, like the Apostles, we may not dare to ask
him, "Who art thou?" (John xxi. 12.) It is con:
perning these things that we conjure Our Race to
think, for never in the history of man stood Adam's
posterity upon so ominous a threshold !
C. A. L. Totten.

MISCELLANEOUS.

She Qaxon Jbcntitn Association of America.
Joseph Wild, Bay Ridge, N. T., President.
Chas. S. Butleb, New Haven, Ct., Vice-President.
Matthew Bunker, Brooklyn, N. Y., I mreetorg
Chas. W. Cabpentee, New York City, i
Chas. A. L. Totten, | Gene!al s^etary
' | and Treasurer.
Form a " Chapter " in your own locality.
The Saxon Identity Association has been organized
to spread the truth of the Identity of the Anglo-Saxons
with the Ten Lost Tribes of Israel. It begins its work
with the present volume, which is merely intended to
be a brief and popular summary of the truth set forth
in Prophecy and reflected in the History of the English-
speaking peoples. It will be followed up by other
Studies in the Series as rapidly as the means come in
from interested believers. It is earnestly hoped that
branches of the Association will spring up throughout
the length and breadth of our land, and help to spread
these rays of light to its remotest borders. It is the
desire of the Association to spread its publications broad
cast, and to beget an earnest study of the Sacred Scrip
tures upon the hignest basis, and in the light of History
and Fact, so that this topic may be canvassed in all its
pros and cons in the full light of all concerned. For
this end funds are now sorely needed, and it is trusted
that all who may be interested in so grand a theme, and
upon whom its true import shall begin to dawn, will
lend it their most generous support. All donations re
ceived will be at once applied to the gratuitous circula
tion of "Our Race," and, unless other channels are
suggested by contributors, will begin with clergymen of
all denominations in Israel aud Judah.

A CARD.
Had we the means, we would willingly give a
copy of these works to every human being, but
while this current dispensation lasts, we are un
fortunately forced to '¦'¦sell the truth,'" (Matt
xxv. 1-3), to those who know its present value.
{Prov. xxiii; 23) /
THE OUR RAGE PUBLISHING CO.

MISCELLANEOUS.

FIRST SET, 1891.
OUR RACE =, SERIES,
By PROF. C. A. L. TOTTEN, Tale University
and U. 8. Army.
Study No. One. The Romance of History; Lost Israel Found.
Study No. Two. The Voice of History; Joshua's Long Day.
Study No. Three. The Philosophy of History; Tea Tephi.
Study No. Four. The Secret of History; The King's Daughters.
Seventy-five cents each, $2.00 for the Series.
Professor Totten's works are attracting wide attention. The price of each
Study is 75 cents, or $2.00 for the whole Series of Four volumes. The First
Series being now complete their perusal will enable the reader to obtain a
comprehensive survey of the New School of History, of which Professor
Totten is a pioneer. It is founded upon a rigid Chronology as its basis, and
the latter upon an Astronomy still current in our Almanacs. These are vol
umes which should be speedily read by all who wish to keep up with foreign
events, and with those upon our own continent.

SECOND SET, 1892.
OUR RACES, SERIES,
By PROF. C. A. L. TOTTEN, Yale University
and U. S. Army.
Study No. Five. The Renewal of History; Eochaidh the Heremonn.
Study No. Six. The Fact of History; The Deluge, and the Adventl
Study No. Seven. The Hope of History: The Crisis, and Millennium I
Study No. Eight. The Skeleton of History; The Chronology of All
Past Time!
Seventy-five cents eacb, $2.00 for the Series.
As the interest in Professor Totten's works appears to be steadily increas
ing we are rejoiced to announce the approaching readiness of the new-
Series. Studies Nos. 5, 6, and 7, are almost " cast," and will go to press suc
cessively, commencing with Study No. 5, in January, February and March,
which dates they will bear. Study No. 8 is also about one-third completed,
we mean electrotyped ! Thanking our little constituency for former interest
—and some of them for extreme generosity— we wish to guarantee tlie in
trinsic value of the forth-coming issue, and trust that such as have not
already sent us their subscriptions will hasten to do so at once. It is mani
fest that a Host in Israel are. waiting to respond to this effort to vindicate
the truth with fearless pen (a mightier agent than the sword!) Please,
therefore, value this little circular and pass it to your neighbors. We want
all sorts of help, and intend faithfully to prove worthy of it.
"Truth against the World!" The Our Race Publishing' Co.,
The Motto of our Ancestors. .New Haven, Conn.
N. B. Posters, Special Circulars for distribution, and Book Lists for cot
lateral reading furnished on request.

* SUPPLEMENT TO THE SECOND SEHIES #
A RECRUITING SONG
FOR TIMES OF PEACE AND TIMES
OF STRIFE.
BearraiLgea zEr-om. am. Old. fragment,
By C. A. L. TOTTEN, U. S. A,
SIX PAGES, PRICE 40 CENTS.

This supplement Is mailed free only to Subscribers, whose names are upon
our own Books. Parties who have obtained a set of the Second Series
through outside parties can procure this supplement at one-half price (30
cents) by sending their full address to us. Our main object is to secure the
whereabouts of our constituency in order to keep them'posted as to new
publications. It is not to be understood that this piece of music has other
than an indirect bearing upon the matters treated in these Studies. It was
written some years ago, by Lieut. Totten, from a purely military standpoint,
and anticipates the times ahead of us! for facts are facts and we live upon
the threshold of a military age ! The piece, however, is in itself a Gem resur
rected out of our own Past and its inspiriting motif looks through the com
ing Crisis to the Peaceful days beyond. It is a song worth singing anri
whistling, for its distinctive charm and novelty is a whistling chorus iv
imitation of the fife.
The Our Race Publishing Company,
NEW HAVEN, CONN.

WORKS BY THE SAME AUTHOR.

YALE Ml LI TARY LEC TURES. Selected from Series of 1890. First
Section : National and International. I. (Introductory)
Lecture — The Military Outlook at Home and Abroad.
II. Military Economy, and the Policy of America. III.
The Military Problem of America, with Notes on Sea-
coast Defence. IV. Organization, Disorganization,
Reorganization, Mobilization. 1 Vol. With Illustra
tions and Tables. 1890. Price 50 cts. Send orders to
Editor of " Our Kaee," P. O. Box 1333, New Haven, Ct.
STRATEGOS. To which is appended a collection of studies
upon Military Statistics as applied to war on Field
or Map. 2 vols. Illustrated. D. Appleton & Oo. 1880.
Price, $3.00.
AN IMPORTANT QUESTION. A study of the Saei-ed Cubit of
the Hebrews, as the undoubted origin of Anglo-Saxon
measures. 1 vol. Illustrated. John Wiley & Sons, 53
East 10th St. N.Y. 1887. Price, $2.50.
THE FACTS AND FANCIES, LEGENDS AND LORE, OF NATIVITY.
Illuminated by Tiffany & Co. Oblong 8vo, cloth, gilt
edges, bevelled boards. Price, $5.00. An elegant gift-
book. John Wiley & Sons, 53 East 10th St. N.Y. 1887.
INSTRUCTIONS IN GUARD DUTY. Complete, and for use upon
the spot. Prepared for the C. N. Guard. 1887. Lim
ited, Vest-Pocket Edition. Price 25 cts. Address the
Author, 77 Mansfield Street, New Haven, Ct.

OIF1 THE
OUR RAGE, us destiny, SERIES,
WE WISH TO CALL ATTENTION TO
STUDY NUMBER ONE,
ENTITLED
THE ROMANCE OF HISTORY:
" LOST ISRAEL FOUHD."
By Prof. C. A. L. TOTTEN, {Tale Univ.): with Introduction by
Prof. (7. PIAZZI SMYTH, (late Astron. Royal, Scot.)

A I'nique 12mo; 2S8 Paces; PRICE 75 CENTS.
@nttc|ue QBin&ittg.

This is pre-eminently THE volume of the HOUR which is striking upon
the dial of the AGES. It treats of the Emergency questions which now lie
at the Anglo-Saxon Door, and its clarion summons should arouse our "Royal
Race" from apathy and 6leep, and accelerate the consummation of its Mission.
With significant arithmography the author has concentrated the destiny of this
dominant people into an acrostic composed of the vowels of their universal
language, A. E. I. O. U. Y.
Angliae Est Ijiperare Orbi Untverso Yisraelae.
It iB for the Anglo-Israelites to dominate the Universe I
Like the Race, of whose history this volume treats, the book itself has a, past,
a present, and a FUTURE, and wc want earnest agents to put it into earnest
hands. The first edition, a limited one, is being rapidly exhausted, and almost
every volume called for seeds down an immediate demand fornumcrous others.
All who have read "Our Country," by Josiah Strong, should make haste to
secure this still more comprehensive survey of our Origin and Destiny. They
will save time and icsure personal attention by ordering it directly from the
publishers. Our Company has been incorporated under the laws of Con
necticut for the express purpose of spreading the truth broached in this open
ing volume; the unusual incidents leading up to this step are fully set forth in
the book itself; they will be a revelation to many 1

The volume is popularly written, and its rhythm Is in touch not only with its
ownmofr/, but with the Zeit-Geist or " spirit of the times." From amorg the
commendations of the few to whom Its " Advance Sheets " were submitted we
select the following x*
"It is so new, so strange, bo startling."— Joseph P. Bradley (Justice TJ. S.
Supreme Court). "But little short of Inspiration."— Rev. Emerson Jessup.
" I would not have believed that you could have put mc-a country outaider given
to chopping and literary excursus— into such quick and lively rapport v. 1th the
Issues you discuss. Your enthusiasm is catching, and I am sure must catch readers
In abundance."— Donald G. Mitchell (Ik Marvel). "The most readable book
for the general public yet published."— Rev. Geo. W. Greenwood (late Ed
itor of The Heir of the World). "Will be widely read."— Hon. Edward J.
Phelps (Ex-MInlster to Great Britain). "I have learned sufficient to make mc
ponder end search."— Rabbi A. P. Mendes (Touro Inst., Kewport, R. 1.,
"Nobly written and scripturally f onnded."— Prof. C. Piazzi Smyth. "Just
the thing needed.*'— Edward Hine. " Tour theme Is a noble one, and cue which
ought to engage our reverend, careful, humble, long study. If the case can be
fairly made out, nothing so noble has crowned all the Scientific, Historic or Scrip*
tural research of these wonderful days of ours. It would (as docs the presence of
the Jews as a distinct Race, and far more, I think, than that) afford a wonderful
confirmation of the Sacred Writings. It would bo a proof before our very eyes.**—
W. W. Mies (Bishop of New Hampshire). " Wben your books are ready I shall
try to Eprcad about a score of them; in the meantime please find $25 to render a little
help."— J, W. (This Is but oneof many letters of aslmilar generous nature, and Inan
age who:c mercenary motto Is that " Money talks " speaks with emphasis I) "I will
take Orje Hundred dollars' worth of the boots ; I do not wish them sent to mo j I
will go for them myself, and 1 shall scatter them In every direction."— C. A. G. "L.
 "I am fascinated with the 'Romance of History.' In my opinion God Is
using you to make plain one of His grandest objects in creation."— Chas. W.
Carpenter,. " I am on the second reading of your book, and it ImpreBBes me
more strongly than It did at first."— Thomas Rldjrway (U. S. Army).
Such testimonials continue to pour in, now that the volume has begun Its
pilgrimage, and wo are convinced that they are simply the "wave bheaves " of a
tremendous harvest. Help us to reap It, for we need laborers in tbe vineyard.
The topic is one that comes home to every Anglo-Saxon, and at this juncture, in
a special way to every patriotic American, who hereafter may truly Bay—" I too
am of Arcadia."
Send price (check, money order, or postal note), with your address to
The Our Race Publishing Company,
P.O. BOX 1333. NEW HAVEN, CONN.

OUR RACES SERIES.

STUDY NUMBER TWO.

TKe Voice of li5lory,
^JOSHUA'S LONG DAY and the DIAL OF AHAZ,^
A SCIENTIFIC VINDICATION
and A MIDNIGHT CRY.

By PROF. C. A. L. TOTTEN, Yale Univ.

Illustrated, Copious Tables, Antique Binding, i6mo, 256 pages,
Price, Seventy-five cents.

In this important volume Professor Totten has taken up the cause of Faith
upon " the ancient and original lines," and by the mathematics and logic of
the present age, has placed the two most doubted events in Hebrew history
upon a basis far above the reach of mere ridicule. The subject henceforth
must be argued in the arena and with authorized weapons,--nor should
any one take the non credo of another is so grave a matter.
The days In which we live are pregnant with import to those who an1
"wise in their generation," and it behooves all students of the Bible to
acquaint themselves with the facts now duly arrayed and set in order before
the human judgment. The Mosaic Chronology is above Impeachment. The
alstory of Israel Is founded and written in literal truth I This present vindi
cation ot Moses and the Prophets, therefore, is a most timely one, since
every " sign " upon the horizon points to events now so close at hand, that

those who continue "asleep" will find themselves even more seriously in
danger than the " foolish virgins."
This Volume is particularly important to all who are interested in the
present significant movements towards Palestine, in that several of the
phases of " Jewish Irbedentaijsm " which have already transpired since its
publication, were clearly anticipated by the author's method of studying
Prophetic Chronology. Its copious tables afford valuable information to all,
and to Students of Sacred and Prophetic history are a vade mecum. To all
believers in the Anglo-Israelitish Identity, its vindication of the Chronology
of Jeremiah is of special import and the volume should be incorporated into
their library at once.
Finally there is nothing sensational in this volume, save that alone which
facts and their logical deductions certainly warrant. It is a calm and hon
est presentation of a fair problem, and is confidently submitted to candid
men, — men who, in the search for truth, are honest, earnest, careful and
anxious. We ask them to read it, and to spiead its warnings, and when its
adversaries offer objections and denials we suggest that they be con
fronted with two queries. First, have you read the volume? Second, how
can you disprove the arguments?
THE OUR RACE PUBLISHING CO.,
P. O. Box 1333. New Haven, Conn.
ORDER DIRECT, OR THROUGH YOUR BOOKSELLER

PRO BONO PUBLICO.
" Regular subscribers " may have any volume of this
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THE OUR RACE PUBLISHING COMPANY,
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JUST PUBLISHED.

STUDY NUMBER THREE
OF THE
OUR RACE !}! §SY SERIES
ENTITLED
THE PHILOSOPHY OF HISTORY,
OR
THE SCATTERING OF THE HOLY PEOPLE.

TEA TEPHI.
David's Daughter, Jeremiah's Ward.
lit* fomaaa WitMa ita f omaiu*.

By Prof. C. A. L. Tottest, Yale Univ.

Antique Binding, 16mo, 304 pages, Price 75 Cents.

"Then answered he me and said, The more thou searches!,
THE more thou shalt Marvel 1" — II. (iv.) Esdras iv., 26.

In this Study Professor Totten points out the Philosophy of Israel's
History during the whole Post-exilic period, and in the more sober
colors of calm retrospect shows its bearings on her modern descendants
—upon Our Own Hace— now chief among the nations of the earth.
In the progress of his investigations he lingers awhile at the most
enchanting chapter of the -whole Romance— the one which lies inter
mediate between Israel Lost and Israel Found, and yet the one whioh

binds the whole together,— and ere ho leaves it seals the reader with its
thrilling intorost I The beautiful story of " Tea Tephi, David's Daugh
ter, Jeremiah's IFard" is indeed without a parallel in the aunals of
Romance, and it is with a wonder akin to undisguisod amazement that
its genuine reality begins to dawn upon tho mind. This is no more
story woven with dangorous imagination, but an actual history literally
unwoven from tlie Bible, and given at last, to those whose right it is to
know it, and in the nick of time ! In tlie meanwhile its consummate
discovery promises to futuro students tho most absorbing lines of sup
plementary corroboration, and places thom upon the vory " mountain
of tho Height of Israel," with vistas as from Pisgah strotching out on
every hand.
His introduction closes as follows:
" But the Philosophy of Our History, its raison d'etre, is beyond the
compass of the broadest intellect unless tho mind is aided by a truo
conception of the Origin and Destiny of "Israel." Forif Agnosticism
is logically brought face to face with tho rcductw ad absurdum, then
" Revelation " is, by the converse, rendered metaphysically necessary,
and therefore proved. And finally, as upon this rectified foundation,
two peoples — Israel of Old, and tho modern Sons of Isaac — cannot both
occupy tho "Superlative," and remain distinct, it follows that they
must bo One, and if so, we must bridge the "timo of punishment and
schooling " which divides their histories, and show that all the chapters
of the scroll are in reality consecutive."
This volume, in "style " and " make up," is a companion to the num
bers already in tho hands of the public. It presents tho reader with a
popularly written survey of tho whole topic, while at the same timo it
is scrupulously in harmony with the principles of tho New History,
G-enealogy, and Chronology, which Professor Tottcn is so strenuously
advocating. We guarantco tho intensity of its interest and bespeak for
it an immediato perusal, for truly " The Times begin to wax old and the
world hastoth fast to pass away." (II (iv) Esdras, iv 10 and iv 26.)
The Our Race Publishing Company,
NEW HAVEN, CONN,

YALE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY

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