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DIVINITY SCHOOL
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STUDIES IN THE LIFE OF CHRIST

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STUDIES IN THE UFE
OF CHRIST

BY
H. BURTON SHARMAN

BASED ON
A HARMONY OF THE GOSPELS
BY
STEVENS AND BURTON

NEW YORK: 124 EAST 28TH STREET
LONDON: 47 PATERNOSTER ROW.E.C.
1912

COPYRIGHT, 1896, BY
THE INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE OF
YOUNG MEN'S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATIONS

Studies in the Life of Christ

Study i. Introductions and The Annunciations.
Study 2. The Birth, Childhood and Youth of John and of Jesus.
Study 3. The Opening Events of Christ's Ministry.
Study 4.. The Early Ministry in Judea and Samaria.
Study 5. The Beginning of Christ's Ministry in Galilee.
Study 6. The Hostility of Scribes and Pharisees in Galilee and
at Jerusalem.
Study 7. Review.
Study 8. The Organization of the Kingdom of God.
Study 9. The Second Preaching Tour in Galilee.
Study 10. A Day of Teaching by the Sea of Galilee.
Study ii. The Third Preaching Tour in Galilee.
Study 12. The Crisis at Capernaum.
Study 13. Review.
Study 14. The Withdrawal into Northern Galilee.
Study 15. The Transfiguration and the Final Galilean Discourse.
Study 16. A Visit to Jerusalem at the Feast of Tabernacles.
Study 17. The Final Journey from Galilee to Jerusalem.
Study 18. The Ministry of Jesus beyond Jordan.
Study 19. Into Judea again and the Withdrawal to Ephraim.
Study 20. The Final Journey toward Jerusalem.
Study 21. In the way going up to Jerusalem.
Study 22. Review.
Study 23. The First Days of the Passion Week.
Study 24. The Final Day of the Public Ministry of Jesus.
Study 25. The Discourse on the Last Things and the Last
Supper.
Study 26. The Farewell Discourses of Jesus.
Study 27. Jesus in Gethsemane and before the Jewish Authorities.
Study 28. The Trial before the Civil Authorities and the Cruci
fixion.
Study 29. The Resurrection, Appearances and Ascension of Jesus.
Study 30. Review.

Studies in the Life of Christ

Study i. § i to § 7 inclusive.
Study 2. § 8 to § 17 "
Study 3. § 18 to § 26 "
Study 4. § 27 to § 33 "
Study 5. § 34 to § 40 "
Study 6. § 41 to § 46 "

Study

Review.

StudyStudv 9.
Study 10.
Study ii.
Study 12.
Study 13.
Study 14.
Study 15.
Study 16.
Study 17.
Study 18.
Study 19.
Study 20.
Study 21.
Study 22.
Study 23.
Study 24.
Study 25.
Study 26.
Study 27.
Study 28.
Study 29.
Study 30.

8- §

47 to §
§ 50 to §
§ 55 to §
§ 58 to §
§ 66 to §
Review.

49 5457
65 69

§ 70 to § 76
§ 77 to § 81
§ 82 to § 85
§ 86 to § 92
§ 93 to § 101
§ 102 to § 106
§ 107 to § 112
§ 113 to § 118
Review.§ 119 to § 124
§ 125 to § 130
§ 131 to § 133
§ 134 to § 135
§ 136 to § 138
§ 139 to § 142
§ 143 to § 151
Review.

<«
<<

Studies in the Life of Christ

GENERAL SUGGESTIONS

I. Before commencing these Studies ( i ) read carefully the Pre
face of the Harmony noticing especially what is said on pp.
ix. and x. concerning the typographical features of the book,
(2) make a study of the "Principal Divisions of the Har
mony" as given after the preface, and (3) get a clear idea of
the plan of the work by glancing through the "Analytical
Outline."
2. The Studies are dependent for their highest value upon the
principle of daily study by the individual. This is funda
mental. Complete each day's work as outlined before pass
ing to the next. Do the whole of the day's work within the
day to which it is assigned. The work of some days will be
found shorter than that of others.
3. Give to this study the clearest, brightest moments of the day;
it is best to begin the day with it; in any case have a definite
time and strive to be regular.
4. In using the daily helps do each thing step by step as sug
gested. It is intended that each separate, stated step shall
be taken before there is even a reading of the next. This is
important. It applies not only to each separately numbered
suggestion but to the parts of each suggestion or question.
Do not read through the Section for the day before using the
daily helps. This would take time and often be confusing.
Always read both helps and the text attentively, thoughtfully
and thoroughly.
5. Follow the daily helps closely; do not be led aside from or
beyond the specific day's work; make a note of subjects
which you wish to study more fully and take these up at
other times.
6. Use the map as a book-mark and look up each place every
, time it is mentioned throughout the whole history.
7. Always read carefully at the proper points the marginal
references and the foot-notes.

Studies in the Life of Christ

GENERAL SUGGESTIONS (concluded)

8. Plan from the first to make full notes of the work. All
results should be written out. To do this takes time but it
will be found profitable beyond expectation. Do this with
everything which grows out of the suggestions or questions
of the daily helps that is, carefully write out all answers. It
will systematize and fix what has been gained.
9. Where questions are given it is always possible to find the
answer in the text for the day. Be on guard against framing
answers which do not grow out of the material under study.
10. Form the habit of finding any passage in any one of the four
gospels in its place in the Harmony every time of reference
in regular study and at all other times. Thus will the
knowledge of the Life of Christ become more and more
historical.
11. It would be well to read these "General Suggestions"
through once at the beginning of each week's work.
12. Do not expect too great results at once; be not easily dis
couraged; the work will broaden and deepen as one studies
farther on in the wonderful Life and the profound Teaching.
13. Strive to overcome any tendency to indefinite meditation; in
this, help may be had by centering the meditation about the
"Personal Thought" of the day. Dwell upon it during
study and in the odd moments of the day — not as a means
to morbid self-examination but as a joyous help to a fuller
apprehension of the privileges of the Christian life. Make
each "Personal Thought" a subject of special prayer and
never pass away from one till the life is conformed to its
standard.
14. Precede each separate period of study, however short, by
special prayer that the Holy Spirit may be the teacher, (cf.
John 16:13, 14- )

Studies in the Life of Christ

STUDY 1: INTRODUCTIONS AND THE ANNUNCIATIONS

FIRST DAY: §1. PROLOGUE OF JOHN'S GOSPEL (continued)
i. Read the whole prologue tracing closely the connection and
the progress or change of thought from verse to verse.
2. Discover the three natural divisions of the thought in this
prologue.
3. Read as one connected, continuous statement the contents oi
vv. 1, 2, 14 and 18. What connection is there between the
truth in the last clause of this statement and the significance
of John's choice of the term "Word"?
4. When "the Word was with God" what were his offices and
what relations did he bear to men? When "the Word became
flesh" what was he to men more than he had been before?
5. What gift did the historical Jesus Christ bring which is
dependent upon the will of man? On what conditions is it
bestowed? Exactly what do these conditions mean?
PERSONAL THOUGHT:
As an unquestionable, definite, personal reality do I know the
experience expressed in the 13th verse?

Studies in the Life of Christ

STUDY 1: INTRODUCTIONS AND THE ANNUNCIATIONS

SECOND DAY: § 1. PROLOGUE OF JOHN'S GOSPEL (concluded)
§ 2. PREFACE OF LUKE'S GOSPEL
i. Glance rapidly through John's prologue again and consider
its grandeur as a comprehensive summary of the historical
manifestation of the Word in the world and of the attitudes
taken by the world toward him.
2. Thoughtfully read §2 and determine why Luke wrote his
gospel.
3. Consider the value of each of the three sources of information
which he names.
4. What constituted his especial qualification?
5. Consider the force of the three important words — "fulfilled"
(cf. margin = "fully established"), "accurately" and "cer
tainty."
6. Who was Luke? Read Col. 4:14, Philem. 24 and 2 Tim.
4:11.
PERSONAL THOUGHTS:
1 . Have I regarded and studied this gospel in the spirit in which
it was written?
2. In what measure am I at this time able to trace the course of
the life and teachings of Jesus accurately from the first, and
what relation is there between this knowledge and the present
certainty of my belief?

10

Studies in the Life of Christ

STUDY 1: INTRODUCTIONS AND THE ANNUNCIATIONS

Third Day: § 3. The Two Genealogies
i. Without reading the genealogies refer at once to Mt. 1:1,
i6, 17 and then to Lu. 3:23, 38. What is suggested to your
mind by (1) the difference of order — Matthew descending,
Luke ascending, (2) by the point to which each goes back —
Matthew to Abraham, Luke to God?
2. Trace in Luke's genealogy from the end of v. 38 to first name
mentioned by Matthew in v. 2; then compare step by step
till they diverge. Find in Lu. v. 27 and Mt. v. 12 the
only other likeness of names. How do you account for the
differences from David down? Do not dwell on the difficulty.
It will come up in class study.
3. Read again Mt. 1:1, 17. To what people would a book
opening in this way appeal?
4. Re-read rapidly § 2, Lu. 1:1-3 and § 3, Lu. 3:38 and con
sider what audience Luke must seek?
5. Refer to §1, Jo. 1:1, 14 and turn to §151, Jo. 20:31 and
decide the scope and purpose of this Gospel.
6. Find and dwell upon the ultimate purpose of God in these
records as found in § 2, Lu. 1:4 and § 151, Jo. 20:31.
PERSONAL THOUGHT:
Do I give these records their primary place in my study and
thought? Have I ever really in any worthy sense tested
their power to effect Belief and thus give Life?

11

Studies in the Life of Christ

STUDY 1: INTRODUCTIONS AND THE ANNUNCIATIONS

Fourth day: §4. Birth of John the baptist promised
i. Read vv. 5-9 inclusive carefully; then turn to 1 Chron. 24
and read vv. 1, 7-1 1 and 19 noting especially v. 10. What
evidences have we in these verses of Luke's fulfillment of his
historical promise?
2. It will wonderfully help and purify the apprehension of these
opening narratives if all preconceptions about the form and
offices of angels are cast out of the mind. Let old pictures
go; remember simply that, as the original says, they were
messengers — in these cases from God to men and women.
3. Read w. 10-14 and connect this promise with v. 7 glancing
also forward to vv. 24, 25.
4. Read w. 15-17 and fix clearly in mind each of the five
specific statements about the promised child. We shall have
occasion later to compare these with what was manifested in
his life. Determine (1 ) which of these words express the
central purpose of his life, (2) which characteristic was the
fundamental source of his power.
5. Read vv. 18-23. Do I insist on palpable, material signs from
God? Is there any point in my life at which I am asking for
more evidence where God has already given me a clear reve
lation of His will?
Personal thought:
"They were both righteous before God, walking in all the
commandments and ordinances of the Lord blameless."
Judged by this standard am I where I can see God's visions,
be spoken to by Him, be made to advance His Kingdom?

12

Studies in the Life of Christ

STUDY 1: INTRODUCTIONS AND THE ANNUNCIATIONS

Fifth day.- § 5. The annunciation to Mary
i. Before taking up the section for the day turn to 2 Sam. 7:12-
14 and read the great promise around which all Jewish hopes
centered.
2. Thoughtfully read through the whole section and consider ( 1)
the reticence, (2) the exquisite delicacy, (3) the simplicity
and (4) the majesty of this scene.
3. The qualities of this scene will stand out with an especially
impressive clearness and beauty if step by step it be closely
compared with the annunciation to Zacharias, that is vv. 1 1-20
with w. 26-38. Few comparisons will yield so much. Find
all the contrasts. Contrast, for example, the almost faithless
"whereby shall I know this?" with the faith- implying question
"How shall this be?" and notice in the following verse God's
treatment of the difference — "Thou shalt be silent" against
the sweet assurance "No word from God shall be void of
power."
4. Again consider the great foundation principle upon which
God's use of men and women is based. As to Mary, re-read
w. 28, 30, 38, dwelling especially on the last clause of the
first sentence of v. 38.
PERSONAL THOUGHT:
To every message from God which has come into my life have
I answered unreservedly — "be it unto me according to thy
word"? Is anything less than this acceptable to Him?

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Studies in the Life of Christ

STUDY 1: INTRODUCTIOiNS AND THE ANNUNCIATIONS

Sixth Day: § 6. The annunciation to Joseph
i. This passage comes up again under "Birth of Jesus the
Christ." Study it now from the standpoint of the genera
tion (margin on v. 18) and as one of the annunciations.
2. Before reading the section it should be known: (i) that in
Palestine betrothal took place as much as a year before mar
riage, (2) that it was regarded as a very significant cere
mony, (3) that it could not be dissolved except by regular
divorce.
3. Remembering the above facts read the section to end of v. 2 1 .
4. Read Matthew's comment in w. 22, 23 and refer to Isa.
7:14. To what people would such a comment appeal? What
light does this throw on the purpose of Matthew's book?
5. Read the remaining verses of the section.
6. What light on the genealogies comes from the fact that
Matthew records the annunciation to Joseph but Luke that to
Mary?
PERSONAL THOUGHT:
In othei forms and with other messages than that to Joseph
the angel of the Lord has quiedy but unmistakably spoken to
me. Joseph "being a righteous man" "did as the angel of
the Lord commanded him." Havel? Even now am I will
ing to obey every message? Am I fearful of messages about
certain things in my life?

14

Studies in the Life of Christ

STUDY 1: INTRODUCTIONS AND THE ANNUNCIATIONS

SEVENTH DAY: § 7. MARY'S VISIT TO ELISABETH
i. Connect the last verse of § 5 with the first of § 7 and read to
the end of v. 45.
2. Realizing ( 1 ) the significance of Elisabeth and Mary in the
purposes of God (cf. § 4, v. 13 and last clause of v. 17 and
§ 5i v- 31 an<i first part of v. 32), (2) their character as we
have learned it (cf. § 4, v. 6 and § 5, v. 38) and (3) the
consequent place of the Holy Spirit in the life and mission of
each, consider the special manifestations of the presence of
God their meeting makes possible.
3. Thoughtfully read the song of Mary in vv. 46-55 and deter
mine the three parts into which it naturally falls. How
would you designate each? For a better understanding of v.
55 refer to Gen. 22:15-18. Complete the reading of the
section.
4. What one line expresses the principle which determines the
several truths of the whole song?
PERSONAL THOUGHT:
Penetrating to its inner meaning, do I find in myself that fun
damental religious characteristic expressed in the second line
of v. 50? Find the secret of the life of the Son in the last
clause of Heb. 5:7.

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Studies in the Life of Christ

STUDY 2: THE BIRTH, CHILDHOOD AND YOUTH OF
JOHN AND OF JESUS

First Day: § 8. Birth of John the Baptist
i. Take up the section to the end of v. 66. Then, recalling the
contents of § 4, Lu. 1:10, 21, 22, consider what thoughts
these events would awaken in the minds of a people who, in
common even with heathenism, were at this period in a state
of agitated expectancy.
2. Having referred to the covenant in Gen. 22:15-18 and the
promise in 2 Sam. 7:12-14 read the song of Zacharias
(vv. 67-79), determine its two natural divisions, and decide
upon a suitable designation for each.
3. What was the specific salvation which Zacharias expected?
4. Consider the worthiness of Zacharias' hope in view of the
ulterior object of this salvation as here expressed by
Zacharias.
5. Verse 80. What prophecy of the type of the man and his
preaching do you find in the strong spirit developing in the
desert surroundings?
Personal Thought.-
Does every choice, aspiration, act, prayer, hope of my life
center in the one purpose of perfect service to God? So it
was with Zacharias (w. 74, 75) — political deliverance as
a means to perfect service. With me is it intellectual equip
ment as a means to perfect service?

18

Studies in the Life of Christ

STUDY 2: THE BIRTH, CHILDHOOD AND YOUTH OF
JOHN AND OF JESUS

Second day: §9. Birth of Jesus the Christ
1. Thoughtfully read the account given by Luke.
2. Having studied Matthew's narrative under § 6 merely read
rapidly through it now connecting with it the first verse of §
13 for Matthew's statement of place and time.
3. Observe in the first two verses of Luke's account the fulfill
ment of the historical promise of his preface.
4. Consider (1) the naturalness, (2) the simplicity and (3) the
grace of the narrative by Luke.
5. Dwell upon the thoughts suggested by the circumstances
of Jesus' birth.
PERSONAL THOUGHT:
Do I take my standards of social estimate from Jesus, as set
by the facts of His birth? or have I pride in or envy for the
things which were not a part of His life?

17

Studies in the Life of Christ

STUDY 2: THE BIRTH, CHILDHOOD AND YOUTH OP
JOHN AND OF JESUS

THIRD DAY: § 10. THE ANGELS AND THE SHEPHERDS
i. Read through the whole section thoughtfully.
2. Glance back to the accounts of the appearance of the messen
ger of God to Zacharias, Mary and Joseph and considering
them with this to the shepherds notice in each case (i) the
effect of the presence and (2) the reassuring, gracious open
ing words of the messenger.
3. Contrast the greatness and significance of the One to be
recognized (v. 11) with the humbleness and simplicity of the
sign by which he was made known (v. 12).
4. Consider the contrast in the effect of these things on the peo
ple and on Mary as indicated in w. 18, 19.
5. What does v. 19 suggest as to Luke's sources for these early
events?
6. Dwell upon the infinite contrasts this scene presents —
despised shepherds, a lowly mother, a stable, a manger,
a helpless babe; an angel of the Lord, a multitude of the
heavenly host, the very glory of God.
Personal thought:
Has the "good tidings" announced by the angel and sung
by the host been realized in my life as "great joy"? Or
is the Christian life slavish duty-doing with me? Have I ever
paid the price for peace and freedom?

18

Studies in the Life of Christ

STUDY 2: THE BIRTH, CHILDHOOD AND YOUTH OF
JOHN AND OF JESUS

fourth day: § 11. the circumcision
§ 12. The Presentation in the temple
I. That certain parts of the sections for the day may be under
stood, read rapidly through the 12th Chapter of Leviticus
and glance at Ex. 13:1, 2. Then read § n, and § 12 to
end of v. 24. As an indication of the circumstances of
Jesus' parents read again Levit. 12:8 and follow by v. 24
of § 12.
2. Read w. 25-35. Make a careful study of the character of
Simeon as here stated, noticing especially each mention of
the place of the Holy Spirit in his life. Discover the par
ticular statements made by him in which his special prophetic
insight reveals truth opposed to the then current conceptions.
3. Read w. 36 to the end. Dwelling upon what is said of the
character of Anna, recall what we have learned of the char
acter of each of the other persons (Zacharias, Elisabeth,
Mary, Joseph, Simeon) to whom we have thus far been
introduced. Contrast this circle with the religious leaders of
the Jewish people at this time as you already know them.
Personal Thought:
Does the last clause of v. 25 express a vital reality of my
life ? Do I meet such conditions for this high gift as are
stated in the first half of the second clause ? Or does the
call to this possible possession lead me through more sacri
fices than I am willing to make ?

19

Studies in the Life of Christ

STUDY 2: THE BIRTH, CHILDHOOD AND YOUTH OF
JOHN AND OF JESUS

Fifth Day: § 13. The Wise men from the East
I. Glance rapidly through Esther 1:13 and Daniel 2:i, 2, 10-
12, and in addition to what is stated there keep in mind that
the Magi of the East were teachers of religion and of science
and that they had especially developed astronomy in the
form of astrology.
2. Read to the end of v. 6. Then refer to Micah 5:2 for the
prophecy.
3. Read vv. 7 to the end. Knowing that Herod (1) was a
usurper, (2) represented and was supported by Roman
power, read again through the whole section tracing his
actions and determining his motives. What characteristics
of the man do you discover ?
4. Contrast the persons studied previously with those introduced
in this section as to (1) character, (2) motives, (3) ambitions.
Personal Thought:
Does the Herod spirit lurk in my life ? Do I seek place and
power and recognition? Have I ever been jealous at the
larger recognition and more rapid advancement of another
Christian worker ?

20

Studies In the Life of Christ

STUDY 2: THE BIRTH, CHILDHOOD AND YOUTH OF
JOHN AND OF JESUS

sixth day: § 14. the flight into egypt and return to nazareth
§ 15. Childhood at Nazareth
I. Recall or look up the geographical relationship of Palestine
to Egypt; read § 14 to end of v. 15; then refer to Hosea
11:1.
2. Recall what was learned yesterday of Herod; remember that
Bethlehem was a very small village and that the closing years
of Herod's life were marked by many most atrocious acts;
then read to the end of v. 18, referring for the prophecy to
Jer. 31:15.
3. Now read the other verses of the section. In view of these
many references to prophecy in Matthew, for whom does it
seem that his book was primarily intended ?
4. Read Matthew and then Luke in § 15. Rapidly gather the
suggestive hints contained in the passages given as foot-notes.
Dwell thoughtfully on each statement in § 15, Lu. 2:40.
Personal thought:
"Whence then hath this man all these things ? " Is there
anything in my life which a close analysis might not account
for on natural grounds ? — a test of my Christ-likeness.

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Studies in the Life of Christ

STUDY 2: THE BIRTH, CHILDHOOD AND YOUTH OF
JOHN AND OF JESUS

seventh day: § 16. visit to jerusalem when twelve years old
§ 17. Eighteen Years at Nazareth
I. It should be known (i) that at about 12 years of age the
Jewish boy began to be responsible for legal observances, (2)
that the people journeyed to and from the feasts in caravans
or festive bands and (3) that an Eastern boy at twelve is more
mature and has larger liberty than with us.
2. Read thoughtfully all of § 16 endeavoring to rid the mind of
conceptions about these events, and allowing them to make
in every detail their own fresh, natural impression.
3. Try to realize the thoughts and feelings of a Jewish youth
on his first visit to Jerusalem ; consider now the boy Jesus in
this new atmosphere.
4. Read § 17. Recalling facts already known, consider v. 50
and the last clause of v. 51 as indications of the original
source of these narratives.
5. Compare § 15, Lu. 2:40 and § 17, Lu. 2:52. Vividly
having in mind the character of Joseph and Mary and the
statement about Jesus' occupation given in § 62, Mk. 6:3
dwell much upon these years of home-life and of develop
ment
Personal Thought:
Is my whole being so absorbed in the things of God that
every tendency, every impulse of it is towards the places and
the influences which will increase my knowledge of Him and
equip my powers for His service? — "Wist ye not that I
must be in the things of my Father ? "

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Studies in the Life of Christ

STUDY 3: THE OPENING EVENTS OF CHRIST'S MINISTRY
First Day: § 18. The ministry of John the Baptist (continued)
i. That the exact historical setting may be had, read the first
two verses of Luke's account in § 18 and refer to the map,
especially the lower right-hand corner, for the different dis
tricts as named. Recall Luke's prefatory promise.
2. Turn now and read the ist verse of Mark's narrative.
Recall (i) how and (2) at what points in the history the
other gospels opened and consider the differences of the four
gospels in these respects. What inferences may be drawn?
3. Read vv. 2 and 3 of Mark; then Mai. 3:1 and Is. 40:3.
4. Now read the remaining verses of Mark's account. Give
special thought to ( 1 ) the exact meaning of the words in
v. 4 expressing what John preached, (2) the significance of
the few words of John preserved for us by Mark (vv.
7 and 8 ).
5. Read rapidly the first six verses of Matthew's account
Thoughtfully re-read v. 2 and endeavor to form some exact
conception of what "Kingdom of heaven" means.
6. Read Matthew's account from v. 7 to the end. By what
words would you characterize John's preaching as instanced
here?
Personal thoughts:
"We have Abraham to our father": On what ultimate
reality do I base my acceptance with God ?

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Studies in the Life of Christ

STUDY 3: THE OPENING EVENTS OF CHRIST'S MINISTRY

Second Day: § 18. The ministry of john the Baptist( concluded)
i. After reading w. 3-6 of Luke's account refer to Is. 40:3-
5. Why does Luke make a longer quotation than either
Mark or Matthew ? What answer do the contents of v. 6
suggest ?
2. Glancing through w. 7-9 carefully read w. 10-14. What
characteristics of John's preaching are here evident?
3. Read to the end of Luke's account. Here notice especially
(1) the helpful explanation in v. 15, (2) the comprehensive
statement in v. 18.
4. Compare the character and ministry of John with the five
special prophetic promises previously found in § 4, vv. 15-17.
Was each of the promises fulfilled?
5. Reconsidering these accounts of the ministry of John : ( 1 )
Form a clear conception of his personal appearance, his
habits, his message, his method, and ( 2 ) in each of these
particulars contrast him with what you already know of
Jesus.
PERSONAL THOUGHT:
As a personal reality have I been baptized with the Holy
Ghost ? Or is my conscious experience limited to a baptism
with water ? Am I, in truth, of John or of Christ ?

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STUDY 3: THE OPENING EVENTS OF CHRIST'S MINISTRY

Third day: § 19. The baptism of jesus
§ 20. The Temptation in the WiLDERNESS(continued)
1. In § 19 read the account by Mark. (1) Did Jesus repent
and confess as others ? ( 2 ) Why was he baptized ?
2. Read Luke's account in § 19. ( 1 ) Was Jesus baptized early
or late in John's ministry? (2) What highly significant cir
cumstance does Luke add in v. 21? Dwell upon the relation
between this attitude and these manifestations.
3. Read Matthew's narrative of the Baptism. (1) How did
John know the character of Jesus before he had baptized
him ? (2) Find here the answer to the questions raised in
the mind by Mark's account.
4. In § 20 read the first two verses of each narrative — Matthew,
then Mark, (here refer to Matthew, v. 11), then Luke. Dwell
upon the phases of this experience especially expressed in
"driveth," "with the wild beasts" (Mark); "afterward
hungered" (Matthew); "when they were completed he
hungered' ' ( Luke) .
5. Endeavor to realize in some degree the significance to Jesus
himself of the events of his baptism, and its connection with
the temptation.
Personal Thought:
Am I attempting Christian work without a Christ-like prepa
ration ? If the sinless Jesus, the Master, must needs receive
the Holy Spirit, shall I, the disciple, do the work of God
without ? Or am I choosing to lose the gift because I shrink
from that other baptism wherewith his whole life was bap
tized — which is the cost ?

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STUDY 3: THE OPENING EVENTS OF CHRIST'S MINISTRY

Fourth Day: § 20. The Temptation in the WiLDERNESS(concluded)
i. These temptations can never be understood and their signifi
cance appreciated unless there be penetration through the
form and setting of their expression.
2. Recall the circumstances of the temptation as learned yester
day. Read the account of the first temptation in Lu. 4:3, 4
and then in Mt 4:3, 4. Refer to Deut. 8:3. Precisely to what
sin was Christ tempted by this first suggestion? Test your idea
very closely by Christ's reply; do not be satisfied with a mere
surface thought.
3. Now read of the second temptation taking Mt. 4:5-7 and after
wards Lu. 4:9-12. Refer to Ps. 91:11, 12 and Deut. 6:16
for the quotations. What is the underlying law which a yield
ing to this suggestion would have violated?
4. Study the third temptation in Mt. 4:8-10, then in Lu. 4:5-8.
Refer to Deut. 6:13. What one significant word does Christ
add in the quotation?
5. Think carefully upon the principle involved in each tempta
tion and determine the kind and degree of relationship
between the temptations.
PERSONAL THOUGHTS:
First Temptation: "My meat is to do the will of him that sent
me" (§ 33, Jo. 4:34). Is my life so set to this same single
end that I am never found in any place or circumstance other
than that to which God has led me; in which, therefore, I can
trust God absolutely?
Second Temptation: ' 'If any man willeth to do his will, he shall
know of the teaching, whether it be of God" (§82, Jo. 7:17).
Do I tempt God by this supreme test which Christ gives and
urges me to use?
Third Temptation: "I do always the things that are pleasing
to Him" (§ 84, Jo. 8:29). Does God have absolute sway in
every inmost part of my life? — ' 'and him only shalt thou
serve." 26

Studies in the Life of Christ

STUDY 3: THE OPENING EVENTS OF CHRIST'S MINISTRY

FIFTH DAY: § 21. JOHN'S TESTIMONY BEFORE THE PRIESTS ANDLEVITES
§ 22. JESUS THE LAMB OF GOD
I. Refer to the previous reading from John in § i and connect
with § 21 by reading again from v. 14 to the end. Then read
through § 21. For the scriptural basis for the questions in v.
21 refer to Mai. 4:4-6 and Deut. 18:18; for that in v. 25 see
Ezek. 36:25 and Zech. 13:1, interpreted by Jews as connected
with the work of the Messiah.
3. See § 4, v. 17. Compare this interpretation of Mai. 4:5, 6
with that implied in § 21, v. 21 and notice in v. 23 how John
met the difficulty. Why the statement in v. 24?
3. Read thoughtfully all of § 22. Again read v. 25 in § 21 and
follow it immediately by v. 31 § 22. In the light of this
explanation, consider now the indirect answer of John in
v. 26.
4. Compare § 18, especially Lu. 3:15-17 with § 21 and determine
how one account supplements the other.
5. Make a comparison of § 22 with § 19. Why four Gospels?
PERSONAL THOUGHT:
"That he should be made manifest" (v. 31). Is this the
supreme purpose of my life? Is any other acceptable to God?

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Studies in the Life of Christ

STUDY 3: THE OPENING EVENTS OF CHRIST'S MINISTRY

sixth day: § 23. the first three disciples
§24. Philip and Nathanael
i. Read through § 23. Refer back to § 4, last clause of v. 17
and connecting it with § 23 determine the relationship of the
ministry of John to that of Jesus.
2. "One of the two" (v. 40). Who was the other? What
answer is suggested by such minute details as "on the mor
row," "turned," "it was about the tenth hour," "he findeth
first his own brother' '?
3. Why does the writer explain words in vv. 38, 41, 42?
4. Read through § 24. Why introduce the statement of v. 44?
Precisely what does the promise in v. 51 mean?
5. Trace the relationships to one another of the members of this
group of disciples — § 23, 24.
6. Find in order all the different words and phrases in § 23 and
§ 24 by which Jesus is designated by others; consider the
meaning of each, and compare the conception gained from
the whole with that expressed by the name applied by Jesus
to himself (v. 51).
Personal Thought:
"He brought him unto Jesus" (v. 42). Have I ever brought
any one? How is it with reference to those nearest to me in
my college life? Is there some Simon whom Christ would
transform into a Peter if my part were done? Am I doing
the work of Andrew?

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Studies in the Life of Christ

STUDY 3: THE OPENING EVENTS OF CHRIST'S MINISTRY

Seventh day: § 25. The First miracle: water Made Wine
§ 26. Sojourn in Capernaum
i. Read thoughtfully through § 25 and then the verse mak
ing § 26.
2. For an appreciation of the suggestion and expectancy
expressed in v. 3, recall the circumstances of Jesus' con
ception and the events immediately following His birth and
refer especially to § io, v. 19 and § 17, last clause of v. 51.
3. Give some special thought to v. 4. What did Jesus mean?
Test your interpretation by the contents of v. 5.
4. What precisely is expressed by "manifested his glory"
(v. 11)? What answer does § 1, v. 14 (parenthesis) suggest?
5. "His disciples believed on him" (v. 11). Had they not
already done this? What is meant?
6. Rememberingthat Nathanael was of Cana in Galilee (§ 148,
v. 2 ) refer back to § 24, v. 44 for the home of the others and
locate it on the map, noticing especially its relation to Cana
and also to the place to which all now went (§ 26, v. 12).
Personal Thought:
"Whatsoever he saith unto you, do it" (v. 5). Do I make
it possible for Christ to manifest his glory in and through my
life by placing myself absolutely at his disposal in a full
obedience.

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Studies in the Life of Christ

STUDY 4: THE EARLY MINISTRY IN JUDEA AND SAMARIA

tmST DAY: § 27. FIRST CLEANSING OF THE TEMPLE
§28. DISCOURSE WITH NICODEMUS (continued)
I. Oxen, sheep and doves were sold within the temple enclos
ure in one of the outer courts for the purposes of sacrifice,
and at the passover the traffic was very great; the gathering
of Jews from all parts of the world and the requirement that
the Temple tribute of a half-shekel be paid in exact half-
shekels of the Sanctuary made necessary the presence of
money-changers in Jerusalem.
a. Read through § 27. Refer to Ps. 69:9 for the quotation
of v. 17. Determine exactly what Jesus meant by his answer
in v. 19; find help in understanding it by considering what
relation it bears (1) to his act, (2) to the question, (3)
to the interpretation given by the writer. The scripture
meant in v. 22 is probably Ps. 16:10.
3. Compare this visit to Jerusalem with the one previously
recorded (§ 16); consider the attitude of Jesus as manifested
on each occasion; what explanation of the difference is sug
gested by § 17, v. 52 and § 19, Mk. 1:11? Is the essential
spirit any different as expressed in § 16, v. 49 and § 27,
v. 16? What is this spirit? Dwell upon the thought. Have
I any share in such a consciousness?
4. Read the first paragraph of § 28. Since they believed on his
name (cf. § 1, v. 12) why did not Jesus trust himself unto
them? Compare his treatment of the two disciples of John
the Baptist in § 23. Recall his penetrating discernment in
the case of Simon and of Nathanael.
Personal Thoughts:
1. "The zeal of thine house shall eat me up" (v. 17). "Now
let me burn out for God!" — entry in Henry Martyn's diary
on his arrival in India. Are the intensities of my life simpli
fied and vitalized by some divine principle? For what the
zeal that eats me up — Self or God? From whence the pas
sion that burns me out — the flesh or the spirit, Satan or God?
2. Has Jesus trusted himself unto me ( § 28, v. 24)? Or is my
belief too superficial, traditional, reserved — a belief and not a
surrender? 30

Studies in the Life of Christ

STUDY 4: THE EARLY MINISTRY IN JUDEA AND SAMARIA

SECOND DAY: §28. DISCOURSE WITH NICODEMUS (continued)
i. Read very thoughtfully through the second paragraph of the
Section (Jo. 3:1-15) noticing first its connection with Par. 1
by the reference to "signs" in 2:23 and 3:2.
2. It will be helpful here to learn more of Nicodemus by refer
ence at once to § 82, Jo. 7:45-52; § 130, Jo. 12:42, 43 and
§ 141, Jo. 19:39.
3. How do you account for the apparent lack of connection
between the words of Nicodemus in v. 2 and those of Jesus in
v. 3? When a man acknowledges much about Jesus and has
belief of a kind which does not enable Jesus to trust Himself
to him how shall Jesus deal with him?
4. Make a close study of vv. 3-8. Compare (1) the thought in
"anew" with that in "of water and the Spirit," (2) that in
"cannot see" with "cannot enter into." For the significance
in "of water" to Nicodemus read § 18, Mt. 3:11 and § 52,
Lu. 7:30. For the reason of the "cannot," read again v. 6.
Be helped to apprehend the reality by dwelling much upon
the figure in v. 8. "Kingdom of God" (vv. 3, 5), compare
§ 18, Mt. 3:2. Do these terms accurately express my con
ception of that which Christ founded?
5. Now read again w. 9-15. Taking "these things" as the
subject, find ( 1 ) the supposed and the real relation of Nico
demus to them, ( 2) the connection between their acceptance
and a fuller knowledge of the Truth, (3) the source of
Christ's knowledge of these earthly and other heavenly
things; and consider thoughtfully (1) the consequent value
and convincing force of the words and witness of Jesus and
those who have learned from Him and (2) the death- destroy
ing, life-bringing power of the faith which is centered upon
Him.
PERSONAL THOUGHT:
Does my actual experience enable me to make my Christian
profession in the terms of Jesus? that is, have I entered into
the Kingdom of God by being born anew? Or do these
terms disturb me by their penetrative touch? ' 'Art
thou" a Christian, "and understandest not these things?"
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Studies in the Life of Christ

STUDY 4: THE EARLY MINISTRY IN JUDEA AND SAMARIA

THIRD DAY: §28. DISCOURSE WITH NICODEMUS (concluded)
i. Take a few moments to review any part of yesterday's study
which was not then satisfactorily concluded.
2. Having in mind that the words are very probably the com
ments of the writer and not a continuation of the conversation
read through the third paragraph of § 28.
3. In what ( 1 ) two negative forms, (2) two positive forms is the
mission of Christ here stated?
4. In what sense is it true that Christ does judge the world? In
whom lies the condition of the judgment — God or man?
5. Taking as an analysis of the paragraph the following, —
"Every one that doeth ill" : "He that doeth the truth" :
( 1 ) Loveth the darkness ( 1 ) Loveth the light
(2) Hateth the light (2) Cometh to the light
(3) Hath not believed (3) Believeth on Him
(4) Hath been judged (4) Is not judged
(5) ? (5) Shall be saved
(6) Shall perish (6) Shall have eternal life
contrast (1) with (1), (2) with (2) and so onto the end.
Trace them downwards from the attitude to sin to the out
come in destiny in each.
Personal Thought:
Is there anything in my life which I am unwilling to submit
to the purest and strongest light God would throw upon it?
Do I shun the light in any quarter, for example, refuse to
study foreign missions in the fear that God may use the
knowledge to call me to this service? Do I pray that every
motive, purpose and activity of my life may be penetrated by
and tested in God's keenest light? * * * "cometh not
to the light lest his works should be reproved" (v. 20).
"Look therefore whether the light that is in thee be not
darkness" (§55, Lu. 11:35)- 32

Studies in the Life of Christ

STUDY 4: THE EARLY MINISTRY IN JUDEA AND SAMARIA

Fourth day: §29. Christ Baptizing in Judea
§ 30. john's testimony to christ at /enon
§31. the departure from judea
I. Having in mind that the Jews made a geographical distinc
tion between the land and its capital read § 29.
2. Carefully read the first paragraph of § 30. The location of
.<Enon is difficult of determination; refer to the map for
a supposed site.
3. Connect the passages from Matthew and Maik in § 31 with
those which immediately precede them as given in § 20.
What possible conclusion from these accounts of Matthew
and Mark is corrected by v. 24 of this day's study? What
does this suggest as to the relation of the Gospel of John to
the other gospels?
4. To what precisely does the "therefore" of v. 25 refer? From
what follows determine the substance of the discussion
between John's disciples and the Jew.
5. "Can receive nothing" (v. 27) of what class of gifts? What
principle to guide judgments of men and methods of Chris
tian work is expressed in v. 27?
6. In the Jewish ceremony "the friend of the bridegroom"
(v. 29) corresponded in some degree to our groomsman but
with many additional duties before and during the wedding.
Interpret and dwell in thought upon the significant imagery
of v. 29. Taking with this the statement of v. 30 endeavor
to appreciatively apprehend the spirit of John the Baptist
Contrast it with that of his disciples (v. 26).

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Studies in the Life of Christ

STUDY 4: THE EARLY MINISTRY IN JUDEA AND SAMARIA

FOURTH DAY:(conc'd)§29. CHRIST BAPTIZING IN JUDEA
§ 30. john's testimony to christ at >enon
§31. The Departure from Judea
7. Now read the second paragraph of the Section noticing that
these are very probably the reflections of the writer and not
the words of the Baptist. It contains many references to the
words of Jesus.
8. Study in vv. 31 and 32 the two witnesses as to (1) origin,
(2) message, (3) rank. Compare with § 28, vv. ir-13.
9. Follow closely in vv. 34 and 35 the truths stated and the
reasoning given upon which the significant statement of v. 33
is based. In view of this, consider how inevitable it is that
the issues should be those of v. 36.
10. From the three statements of § 31 determine precisely why
Jesus withdrew into Galilee.
PERSONAL THOUGHTS:
1. "He must increase, but I must decrease" (v. 30).
Is Christ increasing —
( 1 ) in His control over every inmost motive and act of
my life?
(2) in the extent of His Kingdom among men by my
unreserved committal to its interests?
Am I decreasing —
( l ) by giving over the unsurrendered places in my life
to the sway of Jesus?
( 2 ) by losing all of the interests of Self in the service of
others through loyalty to the Kingdom of God?
2. "He that obeyeth not the Son shall not see life" (v. 36).
Do I accept and rest in the beliefs about Jesus, or do I obey
the Son? Which? 34

Studies in the Life of Christ

STUDY 4: THE EARLY MINISTRY IN JUDEA AND SAMARIA

FIFTH DAY: §32. DISCOURSE WITH THE WOMAN OF SAMARIA (continued)
i. Connect the last verse of § 31 (Jo.) with the first of § 32
and refer to map for explanation of "must needs." Read
v. 5 and the first sentence of v. 6 and locate both city and
well; the latter is one of those sites of which there is no
question. Refer to Gen. 33:18-20 and also Jos. 24:32.
2. Carefully read vv. 6-9. Dwell on the evidences of the
humanity of Jesus. Note the minute touches — ' 'sixth hour, ' '
"disciples were gone." To understand more fully the
explanatory note of the writer, ("for • • • Samaritans" v. 9),
refer to 2 Kings 17:24 for the origin of the Samaritans and
to Ezra 4:1-6 for their attitude at the temple-building. Even
Gentiles were less detested by the Jews.
3. Very thoughtfully read vv. 10-15. Recall the conversation
with Nicodemus and dwell on its likeness to this in ( 1 ) the
abrupt transitions of thought, (2) the misinterpretations, (3)
the appropriateness of Christ's language ("given thee living
water" ) to the occasion of it ( "Give me to drink" ).
Personal Thoughts:
1. "If thou knewest"
2. "thou wouldest have asked"
3. "he would have given"
1. Do I know the gift? or are my thoughts of it petty, legal,
judicial, scholastic — out of harmony with the conception of
Jesus as expressed in "living water" and "eternal life"?
2. Have I asked of Him? or do I distrust the simplicity of His
condition and seek to attain by Relieving rather than by
asking?
3. Has He given? How may I know? Christ's test: "Whoso
ever drinketh of the water that I shall give him shall never
thirst." Do I thirst? 35

Studies in the Life of Christ

STUDY 4: THE EARLY MINISTRY IN JUDEA AND SAMARIA

SIXTH DAY: §32. DISCOURSE WITH THE WOMAN OF SAMARIA (conc'd)
I. Again fix the locality in mind by a reference to the map for
Jacob's well; notice now that it is at the foot of Mt. Gerizim
— "this mountain" (v. 20). Here the Samaritans had
erected a temple as a rival to that at Jerusalem. It was
destroyed B. C. 129. They, however, worship there to the
present day.
2. How do you explain the transition from v. 15 to v. 16 ? Now
read thoughtfully to the end of the section.
3. As a help to understand how naturally the question of v. 20
would, with a Samaritan, follow the acknowledgment of v. 19
refer to v. 25 for their conception of the office of the greatest
prophet, Messiah — "he will declare unto us all things." The
Jews expected a conqueror; the Samaritans a perfect law
giver.
4. What exactly is meant by the worship of God "in spirit and
truth"?
5. Now study through the whole of § 32 with the one thought
of rightly interpreting step by step the spirit of the Samaritan
woman. Was Jesus effective in this personal work? Give
thought to the significance of v. 25. What answer does the
exceptional statement of Christ in v. 26 suggest.
PERSONAL THOUGHTS:
"Shall worship the Father in spirit and truth" (v. 23).
"Must worship (God) in spirit and truth" (v. 24).
Do I worship God "in spirit" if at any point my spirit
refuses absolute obedience to the promptings of His Spirit ?
and can I worship in truth while "the Spirit of truth" (§134,
Jo. 16:13) is absent — "the Holy Ghost whom God hath
given to them that obey Him " (Acts 5:32) ?
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Studies in the Life of Christ

STUDY 4: THE EARLY MINISTRY IN JUDEA AND SAMAFUA

SEVENTH DAY: § 33. THE GOSPEL IN SYCHAR
i. In explanation of the first verse of the Section it should t>e
said that to speak with a woman in a public place was one of
the six things forbidden to a Rabbi. Moreover, they taught
that it was ' 'better that the words of the law should be burnt
than delivered to women." Contrast Gal. 3:28.
2. Read on through to the end of the Section.
3. Why "yet no man said"? Was there that in the very
appearance of the Teacher and the taught which forbade
questioning? As to the state of the woman notice especially
the first clause of v. 28; the holy exaltation which marked
Christ is expressed by Himself in v. 32.
4. Does v. 29 probably fully express the basis of the woman's
faith and the point it had reached, or did she adapt her mes
sage to her hearers ?
5. To understand ' ' the fields ' ' to which Jesus referred in v. 35
connect w. 30, 35 and 40. They "were coming to him"
(v. 30) and they "came unto him" (v. 40) but "in the
meanwhile" (v. 31 ) "I say unto you, Lift up your eyes, and
look" (v. 35).
Personal Thought:
What is the absorbing passion and controlling principle of
my life? That of Jesus: " My meat is to do the will of him
that sent me, and to accomplish his work" (v. 34). My
relations to His purpose: " Have this mind in you, which
was also in Christ Jesus" (Phillip. 2:5). Does the desire for
indulgence in certain sins, or self-advancement, or high intel
lectual attainment or success in the work I have chosen
stand out in my consciousness more clearly than the passion
to know the will of God for my daily life and the life-work
He would choose for me ? 37

Studies in the Life of Christ

STUDY 5: THE BEGINNING OF CHRIST'S MINISTRY IN
GALILEE

First Day: § 34. Imprisonment of John the Baptist and Begin
ning OF CHRIST'S GALILEAN MINISTRY
i. Turn to the Section for the day and notice, by the headings
of the page, the period of Christ's life to which this study
introduces us. Glance back to where- the three synoptists
are last used together, and notice the last event they record.
Find, in the second half of § 34, the statements of the synop
tists which immediately follow their records of the Tempta
tion. What impression as to the movements of Jesus is made
by § 34: Mt. 4:12, Mk. 1:14 and Lu. 4:14? Find how John
corrects this possible misunderstanding by § 30, v. 24.
2. Why did Jesus leave Judea for Galilee? Refer to § 31, Jo.
4:1-3, and follow it immediately by § 34, Jo. 4:43-45. "His
own country" here means Judea, the place of his birth. For
force of "hath no honour" recall the reception given to Jesus
at Jerusalem. Contrast this with the statement in v. 45.
3. Read now § 34, Lu. 4:14, 15. What relation is there
between "a fame went out" and the early Judean ministry of
which Luke gives us no account? Compare § 34, Jo. 4:45.
Why four gospels?
4. Now read again § 34: Mt. 4:12 and Mk. 1:14. Turn then
to the account of the imprisonment given in the first half of
§ 34, and first read Luke's account. Look back to the end
§ 18 for the place of this passage in Luke's narrative. Read
Mark's account, then Matthew's, and, turning to § 65, notice
the connection of these accounts in the narrative.
5. What characteristics of the preaching of John the Baptist are
here evidenced? See in § 34, Mt. 14:5, the impression he
made upon the people. Find in the narrative of the day the
fulfillment of that desire of John expressed in § 30, v. 30.
Read the estimate of John by Jesus in § 52, Mt. 11 :n.
6. Thoughtfully read the summary of Jesus' preaching given in
§ 34, Mt., v. 17. Compare it with that of John in § 18, Mt.
3:2. Now read the somewhat more complete summary of
Mk. as given in his 15 th verse, § 34.
PERSONAL THOUGHT:
"In the power of the Spirit" (Lu., v. 14) — is that the power
in which my Christian work is done? have I any power
beyond what is natural to me? Do I desire other power?
Would I win in the Temptations (§ 20) which perfect the
possession of such power? 38

Studies in the Life of Christ

STUDY 5: THE BEGINNING OF CHRIST'S MINISTRY IN
GALILEE

SECOND DAY: §35. THE NOBLEMAN'S SON
i. Thoughtfully read through the whole of § 35.
2. Recall the problem suggested by the synoptic narratives as
considered under 1. of yesterday. Now notice the "again,"
"again," "again" of § 35, vv. 46, 54, and of § 31, Jo. 4:3;
also "the second. . . .having come" of § 35, v. 54. What is
John's purpose here?
3. Refresh the memory by glancing rapidly through § 25 again.
What disciple lived at this place? — (§ 148, v. 2. ) What was
his opinion of the place where Jesus lived? — (§ 24, v. 46.)
What do these suggest in explanation of the "therefore"
(§35, v. 46)?
4. Accept, rather, the translation given in foot-note 2 on v. 46.
Who was the Tetrarch [popularly, "king" (§ 65, Mt. 14:9)]?
(cf. § 18, Lu. 3:1). Who was the officer? — possibly answered
in § 54, v. 3 — a ministry of love.
5. Why had the officer the hope implied in his request? Is the
answer suggested by § 25? or by § 26 (with which cf. § 36,
v. 23)? or by § 34, Jo. 4:45?
6. How do you explain the perplexing reply of Jesus in v. 48?
Was the officer concerned at this time about belief?
7. Distinguish clearly the belief implied in the request (v. 47);
that which he had when Jesus spake (v. 50); and that
affirmed of him in v. 53. With the last compare § 25, v. 11.
PERSONAL THOUGHT:
"The man believed the word that Jesus spake unto him"
(v. 50) — do I absolutely believe all that Jesus has said? What
answer does my life give?

Studies in the Life of Christ

STUDY 5: THE BEGINNING OF CHRIST'S MINISTRY IN
GALILEE

THIRD DAY: § 36. FIRST REJECTION AT NAZARETH
Look at the map for the geographical relation of Cana to
Nazareth.
I. In § 36 read vv. 16 and 17. Recall what has been learned
concerning the thirty years of private life at Nazareth.
Notice the habit of these years followed now — "as his cus
tom was. ' ' In the synagogue service it was the custom to
invite any distinguished or competent person who happened
to be present to read or preach (cf. Acts 13:15). The first
lesson was always from the Pentateuch; the second for this
day was from the Roll of Isaiah.
2. Read vv. 18 and 19 and compare with Isaiah 61:1, 2. This
has been called "The Program of Christianity." Find the
invitation in § 87, Mt. 11:28-30. In § 52: Mt. 11:4, 5 and
Lu. 7:22 find the historical fulfillment. Compare this with
what John promised (§ 18: Mt. 3:12 and Lu. 3:17).
3. Read vv. 20-22. "Sat down" (v. 20), which was the Jewish
attitude for the sermon. Let the impression made be real
ized through "all," "fastened," "all," "wondered,"
"grace." "In your ears" because (v. 18) "preach," "pro
claim," "proclaim." Find the decisive turning-point, in the
last clause of v. 22.
4. Read vv. 23-30. "Done at Capernaum," when? (cf. § 26,
also § 35. v. 46). For the work of Elijah refer to 1 Kings
17:1, 8, 9 and 18:1; for that of Elisha, to 2 Kings 5:1-14.
Of what great fact realized in the life of Jesus are these
examples the prophecies? — (cf. "Sidon" and "Syrian").
By what power was the result in v. 30 brought about? —
before coming to a conclusion compare this with § 82, vv. 30,
45. 46; § 92, v. 39 and § 137, Jo. 18:6.
PERSONAL THOUGHT;
"Is not this Joseph's son?" (v. 22) — upon what do I base
my estimate of the worth of others? Has God brought me
to full freedom from false thoughts about birth, wealth,
station? 40

Studies in the Life of Christ

STUDY 5: THE BEGINNING OF CHRIST'S MINISTRY IN
GALILEE

FOURTH DAY: §37. REMOVAL TO CAPERNAUM
§38. THE Call OF THE FOUR (continued)
i. In § 37 read Luke and then Matthew. For the prophecy
turn to Isa. 9:1, 2. Glance back to § 34 for Matthew's pass
age in its connection. In §§ 35, 36 find how Matthew's
account is supplemented.
2. Refer to the map for the two supposed sites of Capernaum.
The location is in question. In a Bible, find map of "Canaan
as divided among the Tribes" for "Zebulun and Naphtali."
3. "Came and dwelt in." Read in § 26 of the visit made.
For what it was henceforth to be, read § 41, Mt. 9:1, with
which compare § 41, Mk. 2:1.
4. Thoughtfully read the account of "The Call of the Four" in
§ 38 as given by Mark. Glance rapidly through Matthew's
statement.
5. Concerning "Simon and Andrew the brother of Simon," see
§ 23, vv. 40-42. In § 23, v. 40 "one of the two" is named;
who was the other? What "one" did is told in v. 41; what
did the other probably do? — what answer does § 38, Mk.
w. 19, 20 suggest? What hint of the circumstances of
James and John in "with the hired servants? "
6. How do you account for so direct a call — "Come ye after
me," and for so immediate a response— "they straightway
left"? Compare § 25, vv. 2, 11; § 26; § 27, v. 17, 22; § 29;
§ 32, v. 8; § 33, v. 27. After the return to Galilee where
do we find the first mention of the disciples? What had
they been doing in the meantime? What new relationship
to Jesus does the present call involve?
Personal thought:
"Left the nets" — possessions, "left their father" — relatives,
1 in answer to "Come ye after me." Would I? Have I?
41

Studies in the Life of Christ

STUDY 5: THE BEGINNING OF CHRIST'S MINISTRY IN
GALILEE

Fifth Day: § 38. The Call of the Four (concluded)
I. Now read through the account in § 38 by Luke, carefully
noting the details. How would you harmonize this with the
narratives of Mark and Matthew? Suggested: (1) "casting
a net in the sea" (Mk. and Mt., cf. Lu. 5:5); (2) "washing
their nets" (Lu. ); (3) "let down your nets" (Lu.); (4)
"their nets were breaking" (Lu. ); (5) "mending their nets"
(Mk. andMt.)
2. As Luke's supplement to 6. of yesterday, take: "which was
Simon's" (v. 3); "Master" (v. 5); "partners" vv. 7-10 — ,
especially 10.
3. Make a character study of Peter as he is here revealed by
Luke. Take the fifth and eighth verses as the basis. Analyze
his words and acts and find what thoughts and emotions they
express. Enter into the differences of spirit exhibited.
Recall how much Peter had seen of Jesus. Name the several
characteristics of the man which this event makes prominent.
4. "They were fishers" — consider the humbleness of their occu
pation; "fishers of men" — dwell upon the grandeur of the
mission to which they were called; "followed him" —in what
degree did they at this time realize that to which they were
called?— (cf. § 64, Mt. 10:16 and § 87, Lu. 10:3).
PERSONAL THOUGHT:
' 'At thy word I will' ' (v. 5 ) — even against convictions and
my evidences (v. 5). Has Jesus such full obedience from me?
Will He accept anything less?

42

Studies in the Life of Christ

STUDY 5: THE BEGINNING OF CHRIST'S MINISTRY IN
GALILEE

Sixth day: § 39. A Day of Miracles in Capernaum
i. First read w. 21 and 22 of Mark's account "Go into"
from whence? For an interesting fact about "the synagogue"
see § 50, Lu. 7:5. "Not as the scribes" — how did the
scribes teach? What made their teaching lack authoritative-
ness? Other like testimony: § 36, v. 22 and § 82, v. 46.
Now glance through Luke's first two verses.
2. Read in Luke vv. 33-35 and with these compare Mark, vv.
23-26, noticing the interesting differences in points of detail.
3. Take Luke's 36th and 37th verses step by step with Mark's
27th and 28th. Endeavor to bring the scene vividly before
the mind. In this conception, join the new, authoritative
teaching with the powerful working. In Lu., v. 37 and
Mk., v. 28 find the larger results of that morning in the
synagogue.
4. Read Mark, w. 29-31, and compare 1 Cor. 9:5. "Into the
house" — who made up the company? Glance rapidly
through Mark from v. 21 to 31 and find his uses of "straight
way." Read Lu., vv. 38, 39. "A great fever" — compare
Mk. v. 30 and Mt. v. 14, and see Col. 4:14. Read Mt, w.
14, 15; then find the differences in the three accounts of what
Jesus did with the sick woman.
5. Read Luke, vv. 40, 41. "When the sun was setting" — why
not before? — (cf. § 44, v. 10.) The Jewish day began and
ended at sunset. "Suffered them not," why? — (cf. § 55, Mt.
12:24 and § 61, v. 34). Take up Mark's account. "At the
door" — what door? By this detail be helped to a vivid reali
zation of this most remarkable scene. Read Matthew's nar
rative, and refer to Isa. 53:4. In what sense may this be said
of Christ?
Personal thought:
"He taught them as having authority, and not as the scribes"
(Mk. , v. 22.) — do I know what Jesus himself taught? with
which am I better acquainted, the teaching of Jesus or that
teaching which has grown up about His?
43

Studies in the Life of Christ

STUDY 5: THE BEGINNING OF CHRIST'S MINISTRY IN
GALILEE

Seventh Day: § 40. First preaching Tour in Galilee
i. Recalling the life of Jesus in that marvelous, probably
typical day considered yesterday, the demands made upon
not only his physical nature but also his sympathy and
power, read Mark, vv. 35-39.
2. From what is here revealed, study the prayer-life of Jesus:
(1) His physical condition, as following the previous day; and
yet, (2) time — not only "in the morning", but "a great while
before day"; (3) as to company — "followed after" ; (4) as to
place — "a desert." Thus: (1) in a quiet place, (2) alone,
(3 ) in the early morning, ( 4) in the midst of a busy life.
3. Read Lu., vv. 42-44, and find wherein it differs from Mark.
"The multitudes" of Luke have their spokesman in the
"Simon" of Mark. "That he should not go" (v. 42) — why
did they wish Jesus to stay?
4. Read Mt, v. 23, and again Mk., v. 39 and Lu., v. 44. What
was the extent of this first tour? What was the subject of
Jesus' preaching? (cf. § 40: Lu., v. 43 and Mt, v. 23 with
§ 34: Mt, v. 17 and Mk., v. 15).
5. There is now given a specific instance of Jesus' activity dur
ing this tour. Read how Mark records it (vv. 40-45). "If
thou wilt, thou canst" — how did he know? "See thou say
nothing" (v. 44) — why? With this compare § 60: Lu. , v. 56
and Mk., v. 43; § 61, v. 30; § 47: Mt, v. 16 and Mk., v. 12;
§ 71, Mk., v. 36; § 74, v. 26. Find the unfavorable result
in v. 45; and refer to the rejected climax in § 66, Jo., v. 15.
6. Glance rapidly through Luke's account of the cleansing of
the leper. "Shew thyself," etc. (v. 14) — refer to Lev.
14:1-7; "for a testimony" — cf. § 49, Mt. 5:17. "Great mul
titudes came" (v. 15) but "he prayed" (v. 16)! Glance
very rapidly through Matthew's statement and find what
additional touches he gives.
PERSONAL THOUGHT;
Are the habits of my prayer-life like those of Jesus? Do I
need prayer less than He who was the Son of God? Can I
do with less favorable conditions of place, associates and
time than He? 44

Studies in the Life of Christ

STUDY 6: THE HOSTILITY OF SCRIBES AND PHARISEES
IN GALILEE AND AT JERUSALEM

First Day: §41. The Paralytic Borne of Four
i. How had Jesus been received in Judea? in Samaria? in Gali
lee, to the present?
2. In § 41, read Mk., vv. i, 2. What had occupied Jesus since
he was last in Capernaum? "The house "-cf. footnote, and
§ 39, Mk., v. 29. "About the door"-cf. § 39, Mk., v. 33.
Now read Lu., v. 17. See § 31, John, for previous mention
of Pharisees. Have we met them up to this time in Galilee?
"Out of every village"! What does their presence now
suggest?
3. Read Lu., vv. 18, 19, and from Mk., vv. 3, 4, gather addi
tional, graphic touches. "The bed" was probably merely a
thickly-padded quilt; ' 'the roof ', a low, flat one, of a hum
ble, one-storied, fisherman's cottage.
4. Read now to the end of Mark. "Thy sins are forgiven"—
was that what the man sought? was there any relation
between his sins and his present state? (cf. § 44, v. 14).
5. Was the question raised by the scribes and Pharisees a rea
sonable one? Can any objection be taken to their attitude on
this occasion?
6. By what term does Jesus designate himself here? With this
cf. § 24, v. 51 and § 28, vv. 13, 14. Compare what Jesus
calls himself on so significant an occasion with what others
have called him (cf. § 39, Lu., v. 41).
7. What does the word "authority" (Mk., v. 10; cf. Mt, v. 6
and Lu., v. 24) suggest concerning the form in which Jesus
possessed the power to forgive? By what power did he heal?
(cf. Lu., v. 17, last clause). What was his primary work on
this occasion? (cf. Mk., v. 2, last clause, and Lu., v. 17, first
part).
8. Luke and Matthew add nothing important. Glance rapidly
through the remainder of Luke and all of Matthew. For the
effect of this event, take the last verse of each account. "We
never saw it on this fashion" -what was there new? How
would such events affect the religious leaders of the day?
Personal thought:
"That ye may know" (Mt, v. 6; Mk., v. 10; Lu., v. 24)-
can Jesus give me more than He has, by which to know who
He was? Can I conceive of anything which could add to the
testimony He has left? Do I know Him?
45

Studies in the Life of Christ

STUDY 6: THE HOSTILITY OF SCRIBES AND PHARISEES
IN GALILEE AND AT JERUSALEM

Second Day: § 42. The call of Matthew
i. The publicans were collectors or renters of Roman taxes.
They were hated and despised by the Jews, most intensely so
when, as in the instance to be considered, the tax-gatherer
was himself a Jew. Capernaum was on the road leading from
Damascus to the Mediterranean, and would therefore have a
tax-office of some importance.
2. Read the account by Mark. Compare the last clause of
v. 13 with § 41, Mk., v. 2, last clause, and with § 39, Mk., '
v. 22, and consider how much fuller record we have of events
than of teaching.
3. How do you explain the sudden call and prompt decision of
Levi? Recall the case of the first four disciples, and remem
ber the relation of Jesus to Capernaum.
4. Recall the attitude of the religious leaders as found in yester
day's study. What position do they now take? What char
acteristics of themselves do they here reveal?
5. For the popular estimate of the place of publicans, find the
classes associated with them as given in § 81, Mt, v. 17, and
§ 124, Mt., vv. 31, 32. What characteristics of the spirit of
Jesus are revealed by his willing association with them?
6. Were the scribes and Pharisees "whole" and "righteous"?
Learn here Jesus' method of dealing with the self-satisfied.
What is His message for such?
7. Glance very rapidly through Luke's account. Take "a great
feast" (v. 29) as an indication of what was involved in the
"forsook all" (v. 28).
8. In Matthew's narrative, study the important addition in v. 13,
referring to Hosea 6:6, and there noticing the margin (R. V.)
on "mercy." Why "Levi" (Mk. and Lu. ) but "Matthew"
(Mt.)? Suggested: "named Levi" (Lu. ) but "called Mat
thew" (Mt.); with which cf. § 48, Mt, v. 2, "Simon, who is
called Peter." In § 48, find what Matthew adds after his
name which Mark and Luke omit.
Personal thought:
"They that are whole have no need of a physician" -am I
satisfied with myself? Of the sick one it is said: "He for
sook all" (Lu., v. 28)-am I willing to pay this price which
Jesus asks for my healing? What do I still lack of giving
"all"? 46

Studies in the Life of Christ

STUDY 6: THE HOSTILITY OF SCRIBES AND PHARISEES
IN GALILEE AND AT JERUSALEM

Third Day: § 43. The Question about Fasting
i. Recall the study of yesterday and consider how naturally the
participation in "a great feast" would lead to "the question
about fasting."
2. Thoughtfully read Lu., v. 33; then Mk., v. 18; then Mt,
v. 14. Contrast the practices of the religious leaders and
even of the reformer with those of the new Teacher. Whose
religion has the greatest freedom and reality?
3. Take up Mk., vv. 19, 20; with these compare Lu., vv. 34, 35
then Mt, v. 15. By "the sons of the bride-chamber" is
meant simply the guests invited to a wedding. Dwell upon
the beauty of the figure Jesus here uses. Consider its appro
priateness as related to John's last testimony to Christ (cf. §
30, vv. 29, 30 and see again § 43, Mt, v. 14). Passing from
the figure to the reality, definitely determine Christ's law
with reference to fasting.
4. Read Luke's 36th verse. First understand and appreciate
the literal truth stated. Now read together Mt, v. 16 and
Mk., v. 21, and find wherein they differ from Luke.
"Undressed cloth" shrinks when it becomes damp. Recall
the question which gave rise to this parable, and from that
determine what those things are for which these figures stand.
5. Read and compare Lu., vv. 37, 38, Mk., v. 22, Mt, v. 17.
New wine in old skins once used and afterwards exposed to
the air will ferment. Of what is the "new wine" a figure? of
what, the "old wine - skins' '?
6. Now read thoughtfully Luke's 39th verse. What is meant
by "old wine"? Who of all those mentioned in Luke's 33rd
verse were still drinking the "old wine"? What evidences
do they give that they did not desire the new?
7. From these four germ -parables determine: ( 1 ) the general
spirit of the religion which Jesus brought; (2 ) the relation it
was to bear to the existing religion; (3) His expectation con
cerning the reception of what He brought by that which
already was.
Personal thought:
Is there any practice in my Christian life which is purely
external, which does not spring from a corresponding inward
and spiritual reality? What is Christ's law for all that is
external? 47

Studies in the Life of Christ

STUDY 6: THE HOSTILITY OF SCRIBES AND PHARISEES
IN GALILEE AND AT JERUSALEM

Fourth Day: § 44. The Infirm Man at the Pool of Bethesda
(continued)
§ 45. The Disciples Plucking Grain
i. In § 44, read vv. 1-18. For other references to the "sheep
gate" see Neh. 3: 1, 32; 12:39. For explanation of "water
is troubled" (v. 7) see the Jewish tradition given under
foot-note4. The "it is not lawful" (v. 10) of the Jews
would be based upon some such passage as Jer. 17:21, 22.
2. In considering "sin no more" (v. 14), refer to § 41, Mk., v.
5, but have a possible misconception as to cause of all disease
corrected by § 00. vv. 1-3.
3. Find the first recorded open hostility to Jesus in vv. 16, 18.
Upon what two charges was this based?
4. Give much thoughtful study to the meaning of v. 17. Was
Jesus here "making himself equal with God" (v. 18)?
5. That the Sabbath controversies may be immediately con
nected in study pass, for the present, over the remainder of
§ 44 and read in §45, Mt, v. 1. Find in footnote6 the
detail added by Mark; and also that added in the last clause of
Luke's ist verse. Find in Deut. 23:25 what the law allowed.
6. Read Mt. vv. 2-4. Luke adds nothing; find the addition of
Mark in v. 26. The Jews said that plucking was reaping
and rubbing was threshing. Refer to 1 Sam. 21:1-6, and
compare v. 6 there with Levit. 24:5-9 for the day. Upon
what principle did David and the high-priest act?
7. Read Mt, vv. 5, 6. Refer to Num. 28:9, 10, 18, 19, for the
scriptural justification. What was the principle here? Read
Mt., v. 7; refer to Hosea 6:6, and § 42, Mt, v. 13. What
does this O. T. passage mean, and what is its application?
8. Read Mt, v. 8; cf. Lu. v. 5; Mark adds what (vv. 27-28)?
What is Jesus' name for himself here? (cf. § 41, Mk., v. 10).
9. Trace the development in Jesus' argument as given by Mat
thew. Suggested: (1) history shows it a necessity at times
(vv. 3, 4); (2) it is allowed even by the letter of the law
(vv. 5, 6); (3) it is permitted by the spirit of scripture (v.
7); (4) He who has the Spirit without measure has liberty
above even the spirit of law (v. 8).
Personal thought;
Do I live in any particular on the sabbath as though I was
made for the sabbath? Have I yet learned Jesus' law con<
cerning my sabbaths? 48

Studies in the Life of Christ

STUDY 6: THE HOSTILITY OF SCRIBES AND PHARISEES
IN GALILEE AND AT JERUSALEM

Fifth Day: § 46. The man with the Withered Hand
i. Read Mt, v. 9 and first clauseof to, Mk., v. 1 and Lu., v. 6.
What does the "again" (Mk.) and "the synagogue" ( Mk.
and Lu. ) suggest as to the place? ( cf. § 47, Mk. , v. 7 and see
§ 39, Mk., v. 21; § 41, Mk., v. 1). What does Luke say
was the primary work of Jesus on this day? (cf. § 39, Mk., v.
21; §41, Mk., v. 2, last clause; §42, Mk., v. 13, last clause).
2. Thoughtfully read through the remaining verses of Luke.
Glance rapidly through Mark as a unit; then through Mat
thew. Now gather, in order, all that the three writers con
tribute, by reading as one continued narrative the following:
Lu., vv. 6-8; Mt, v. 10, "and they" etc.; Lu., v. 9; Mt,
vv. 11, 12; Mk., v. 4, last sentence and v. 5; Mt, v. 13,
last clause; Lu., v. 11; Mk., v. 6.
3. Endeavor to realize this whole scene from the vivid descrip
tions which are given. Especially: (1 ) the effect of the man
standing "in the midst" while Jesus questioned; (2) that
which is suggested by "he looked round about on them all";
(3) Jesus' "anger" as defined by "grieved".
4. Why was it that "they held their peace"? Were they afraid
to discuss principles? What reason was there for being
"filled with madness"?
5. Recall the events of the Sabbath day in Capernaum (§ 39).
What was the effect of that day? Were any objections
raised? Were the Pharisees present? Now pass to Jerusa
lem (§44), what effect did this healing have (v. 16)? Com
ing back after this to Galilee (§ 45), who are the critic
(Lu., v. 2)? Passing to Capernaum (§ 46), what spirit is,
manifested (Lu., v. 7)? In all these cases what is the great
subject of controversy?
6. Having in mind the title of this Study, read: § 41, Lu., vv.
17, 21; § 42, Lu., v. 30; § 43, Mk., v. 18; § 44, v. 16;
§ 45, Lu., v. 2; § 46, Lu., v. 7. Now read of the culmina
tion in § 46, Mk., v. 6, with which compare § 44, v. 18.
PERSONAL THOUGHT:
Is my sabbath life spent in those activities which do actual
good to myself and to others, or in that rest which by its
purely negative character does harm? do I save my life and
that of others by sabbath doing, or do I destroy life by a
negative wasting? 49

Studies in the Life of Christ

STUDY 6: THE HOSTILITY OF SCRIBES AND PHARISEES
IN GALILEE AND AT JERUSALEM

Sixth Day: §44. The Infirm Man at the pool of Bethesda
(continued)
I. Recall the particulars of the healing of the infirm man, and
read again w. 16 18 in § 44. We now take up Jesus'
development of, "My Father worketh even until now, and I
work."
2. Make a thoughtful study of § 44, vv. 19-30. This will
require more than ordinary clearness and concentration of
mind and spirit.
3. It is suggested that the thought of the paragraph be centered
about: (1 ) "The Son can do nothing of himself, but what he
seeth the Father doing" (v. 19); (2) "I can of myself do
nothing: as I hear, I judge" (v. 30). Read down the para
graph till the subject changes from (1) to (2); then study
the paragraph in its two parts as dealing with (1) "works,"
and (2) "judgment."
4. Endeavor to apprehend something of the consciousness of
Jesus with reference to the relation of His life to that of God,
through what he reveals concerning the source of His works
(w. 19-21).
5. Is a true, vital service of God possible by any individual in
whom there is a denial of Christ? (v. 23).
6. Make a clear and detailed contrast of the event of v. 25 with
that of vv. 28, 29. Is the resurrection a time of judgment
for all, or for some only? (see v. 29 and cf. v. 24).
7. In what terms does Christ express that act of the human will
by which the individual passes away from any judgment,
present or future? What precisely do these terms mean?
For an understanding of the significance of that act, read
together "hath eternal life" , "hath passed out of death into
life" (v. 24) and "unto the resurrection of life" (v. 29).
8. Give much thoughtful study and consideration to the reason
Jesus gives why His judgment is absolutely just (v. 30).
(cf. § 33. vv. 32, 34.)
Personal Thoughts:
1. "Hath passed out of death into life" (v. 24)-do these words
express an experience which has been mine? or do they go
beyond anything I have personally known?
4. "I seek not mine own will" (v. 3o)-is this true of me?
Whose will is supreme in my life?
50

Studies in the Life of Christ

STUDY 6: THE HOSTILITY OF SCRIBES AND PHARISEES
IN GALILEE AND AT JERUSALEM

SEVENTH DAY: § 44. THE INFIRM MAN AT THE POOL OF BETHESDA
( concluded )
i. Recall that part of Christ's discourse studied yesterday. Its
substance being declarations about himself, objection may
be taken by his hearers to such self-testimony. Jesus now
meets these anticipated positions.
2. Thoughtfully read through vv. 31-47. Find and separate the
several (6) sources of witness to Jesus which he here names.
Concerning Christ's statement about his witness of himself,
compare v. 31 with § 84, vv. 13, 14. Wherein does the
truth in the latter differ from that in the former?
3. To whom does the "another" of v. 32 refer? Have a possi
ble misinterpretation corrected by v. 34, first clause, and v.
36, first clause. By what several ways has that Other who
beareth witness to Christ brought his witness before men?
4. In connection with vv. 33-35, refer back to §§ 21, 22, and
glance rapidly through them; then read § 1, vv. 6-8, 15 afid
§ 30, v. 30.
5. When considering v. 36, recall such of the "works" of Jesus
as have been already studied. For the Pharisaic interpreta
tion of them see § 55, Mt, v. 24 and § 61, v. 34.
6. Gather from the reference Jesus here makes to the Old Testa
ment what his thought was concerning its place as a revela
tion of himself.
7. By contrasting v. 41 with v. 44 discover that fundamental
characteristic of the spirit of Christ's hearers which separated
them from him. In this connection read again that other
expression of the essential spirit of Jesus (v. 30, last clause).
PERSONAL THOUGHT:
"Ye have not his word abiding in you" (v. 38).
"Ye think that in them ye have eternal life" (v. 39).
Since Jesus condemns both of these attitudes toward the
scriptures what is that which He would have me take? Am
I pleasing Him in this regard? 51

Studies in the Life of Christ

STUDY 7: REVIEW

First to Seventh Day: §§ 1-46. A Review of Studies 1 to 6
i. Having considered the first six Studies in some detail, we
may now profitably take a backward look, for the purpose of
tracing the history in an even more general way than was
done in the class hours of study.
1. The work for the week is divided as follows:-
First Day: Review of Study I
Second Day: Review of Study 2
Third Day: Review of Study 3
Fourth Day: Review of Study 4
Fifth Day: Review of Study 5
Sixth Day: Review of Study 6
Seventh Day: Review of Reviews
3. It is suggested that the study of each day be done in this
order and with these aims:
( 1 ) Commit to memory the exact title of each Section
in the Study for the day, so that they may be quickly named,
in their order, at any time.
( 2 ) Make such a reading of each Section, that you are
able to go mentally through the Section from first to last
giving the substance of its contents.
(3) Write out in the note-book, from memory, the fol
lowing: (a) The exact title of the Study, (b) the exact titles
of the Sections within the Study, (c) the briefest possible
summary of the contents of each Section. State this in one
sentence where it can be so condensed.
4. It may seem that this suggested method of review is
mechanical and uninspiring. It is certainly a week's work
which is primarily mental. It will be found, however, to
amply repay for the effort. We seek a mastery of the Life
of Christ.
5. In each Study aim constantly to trace and fix in mind: (1 )

52

Studies in the Life of Christ

STUDY 7: REVIEW

First to Seventh Day: §§ 1-46. A Review of Studies l to 6
the connection of events, (2) the growth or progress of the
history. This will aid the effort to memorize the subjects,
and will likewise give a more intelligent conception of the
Life as a whole.
6. On the Seventh Day each student should test his knowledge
by endeavoring to answer to himself, mentally, the following
questions: ( 1 ) Give the exact titles of the first six Stu
dies. (2) Name the "Part" of the Harmony within which
each Study is found. (3) State the exact titles of the
Sections within each of the seven Studies. (4) Taking each
Study as a unit, trace the connection of the events with which
it deals. (5) Follow through the history and explain its
development, that is, give reasons for all changes in the place
or form of the life, teaching, or activities of Jesus.
The above work should be done on the Seventh Day as com
pletely as possible without the book. But at points where
the memory is not certain, it should be refreshed by a glance.
f. This work on the part of each student will form the basis for
a class hour which should be of exceptional interest and pro
fit, and for an intelligent consideration of the succeeding
periods of the history.
Personal Thoughts:
In a week of work so predominantly mental, there will be
special need to hold steadily before the mind the ultimate aim
of the study-the upbuilding of Character. Each day give
time for final meditation upon the "Personal Thoughts" of
the Study under consideration. Never pass over any ques
tion which comes to the life without answering it Were it
not better, if necessary, to spend the week conforming the
life to the messages which the Gospels bring for me, than
upon any study of any kind, Biblical or collegiate?
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FIRST DAY: § 47. THE WIDE-SPREAD FAME OF CHRIST
I. As the narrative of Mark in § 47 is continuous from § 46,
first read all of his statement thoughtfully. Where did the
event of § 46 happen? Make a careful study of the map for
all the places Mark mentions in § 47. In those gathered
about Jesus distinguish, "his disciples," the "multitude"
which "followed," the "multitude" which "came." Com
pare this occasion with others at Capernaum : ( 1 ) the quiet
of the first entrance (§ 26), and of the second (§ 37); ( 2 ) the
"many" from a limited territory and the leaders from all
Jewish Palestine who were there at a later return (§41);
those who "watched him" when He came back again (§46).
Make a comparison of an early event (§38, Lu., w. 1-3)
with a later one (§ 47, Mk., w. 9, 10), and find the differ
ence of reason for the multitude's interest Why did Jesus
do what is stated of Him in v. 1 2? Did He noc desire recogni
tion and acceptance?
2. Luke connects his statement of Jesus' fame with the choos
ing of the twelve. But read it now in §47. With this great
day (v- 19), compare that wonderful evening (§ 39, p. 45).
What advance is suggested by "to touch him"?
3. Having noticed Matthew's 23rd verse under § 40, read now
w. 24, 25. What additions does he make to the extent of
the fame of Jesus as stated by Mark and Luke? Dwell on
his list of the sick ones. Now connect § 47, Mt, 12:15 with
§ 46, and read the rest of Matthew in § 47. To all the other
reasons why Jesus "charged them," add this of Mt, taking
his central thought from v. 19. Refer to Isa. 42:1-4, and
cf. § 87, Mt, v. 29.
4. Having thus learned of the present fame of Jesus, refer to the
earliest statement (§ 34, Lu., vv. 14,15), to a later one
(§ 39. Mk., v. 28), to that made after the first preaching
tour (§ 40, Mk., v. 45). Make comparisons.
PERSONAL THOUGHT:
"As many as had plagues pressed upon him"-do I seek
Jesus only when the plagues of life-of body, mind or spirit-
are upon me? or does He also have the strength, the vigor,
the power of my life, in a continuous, unbroken service?
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Second Day: § 48. The Choosing of the Twelve
i. The important act of Jesus which we study today (The
Choosing of the Twelve) will be better understood if the last
verse of each account in § 46 be read again. The situation
there described marks the transition to a new "Period" in His
ministry.
1. In § 48, thoughtfully and reverently read Lu.,v. 12. For what
was this a preparation? Refer to § 19, Lu.,v.2i; § 40, Mk.,
v- 351 § 4°> Lu., v. 16, and study in each instance, (1 ) what
events preceded the prayer, (2) what followed it. What
places did Jesus choose for prayer?
3. Now read Luke's 13th verse, and follow it by Mk.,vv. 13-15.
Why did Jesus choose these twelve men at this particular
point? What is suggested by "that they might be with
him"? Were they ready "to preach"?
4. Read the names of the apostles as given by Matthew. Then
compare the names and their order with those of Mark, and
again, of Luke. Find the three pairs of brothers. Bar
tholomew is probably the same person as the Nathanael of
John's Gospel. Recall all that has been learned of those
seven of the twelve who have been mentioned before. Of
the others, no incident is recorded of Jam'es, nor of Simon.
Each evangelist here characterizes Iscariot. Concerning
Thomas, see § 105, v. 16; § 134, Jo. 14:5; § 146, Jo.,vv. 24,
25> § T47- The only mention of Judas Thaddeus is in § 134,
Jo. 14:22.
5. Think over the apparent qualifications of the members of this
group, and against them consider the situation as stated in the
last verse of each account in § 46.
Personal Thoughts:
1. Mark and Luke say: "Matthew and Thomas"; Matthew says:
"Thomas and Matthew the publican." Do I so hide Self?
2. "He continued all night in prayer to God"-what is the
longest time I have ever prayed privately? Do I precede and
follow all important events in my life with prayer? Have I
likeness to Him in the most vital habit of life?
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Third Day: §49. The Sermon on the Mount (continued)
i. Recall the circumstances which led to the choosing of the
twelve; consider how much they needed to be "with him"
before they were ready "to preach"; we shall expect them to
be instructed in the principles of the kingdom which they
were chosen to serve; we now listen to the inaugural dis
course on the Kingdom of God.
2. In § 49, read Luke's first verse. Whom does Jesus address?
Glance back to the last verse of Matthew's fourth chapter in
§ 47, and follow it by reading his first two in § 49. Whom
does he say Jesus taught?
3. Thoughtfully read the first three beatitudes of Luke (w.
20, 21). What virtue is there in being poor, in being
hungry, in weeping? Read the contrasted woes of w. 24,
25. What wrong is there in being rich, in satisfying hunger
in laughing? Now read v. 22, and follow it by v. 26.
Determine precisely the limits within which being hated is an
indication of worth. Are all the poor, the hungry, the sor
rowing, the hated ones blessed; and all the rich, the satisfied,
the laughing, the respected ones under a woe? What is meant?
4. Read in Matthew (vv. 3, 6, 4, 10-12) those beatitudes
which correspond to the four of Luke, and study the differ
ences in statement. How many of those of Luke are
addressed to a present audience? how many of Matthew?
What does this difference suggest as to the form of the
report? Discover that beatitude of Matthew which has a
double statement-general, then personal. Which evangel-

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Third Day: §49. The Sermon on the Mount (continued)
ist preserves these beatitudes in the form in which Jesus gave
them? are there any essential differences in meaning? What
is the effect of Matthew's additional words-"in spirit,"
"after righteousness," "for righteousness' sake"?
5. Now read the remaining beatitudes of Matthew (vv. 5, 7-9),
and thoughtfully consider in each, ( 1 ) the exact quality
described, and (2) the precise result which its possession
brings.
6. Dwell thoughtfully upon the sum of the characteristics here
described, as a partial expression of the life required in those
who are members of the Kingdom of God. Do I find each
one of these within myself?
7. Read Matthew's 13 th verse. Consider the place of salt in all
organized life, and as a preservative from corruption. Now
read vv. 14-16. Whose are the "works"? But whose
the glory? (cf. Lu., v. 26). Dwell in thought upon the
high mission of the Christian as expressed in these figures.
Personal Thoughts:
1. "Ye are the salt of the earth"-is this certainly true oi me?
Am I a saving force? or does my sin destroy my possible
power?
2. "Ye are the light of the world" -is there any light in me
which I have not derived from the world? "Look therefore
whether the light that is in thee be not darkness" (§55,
Lu., v. 35).

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Fourth Day: § 49. The Sermon on the Mount (continued)
I. The character ( Mt. 5:3-12) and mission (Mt. 5:13-16) of
the members of the Kingdom of God having been stated, the
relation of the new to the old may follow. Recall the accu
sations upon which the opposition to Jesus was based, and
then read § 49, Mt. 5:17-20. Remember who watched,
accused, and plotted against Jesus, and then re-read v. 20.
Who is the true guardian of the sanctity of the law, and its
right interpreter?
2. But Jesus came "to fulfil", to make full, to complete, hence:
"Ye have heard that it was said" (w. 21, 27, 33, 38, 43),
"but I say unto you" (w. 22, 28, 32, 34, 39, 44). Let us
examine how Jesus fills full the law.
3. Read Mt. 5:21-26 taking it in three parts: (1) vv. 21, 22;
(2) w. 23, 24; (3) vv. 25, 26. From the several instances
mentioned by Jesus, determine the moral law He here enun
ciates, compare it with the law already known, and consider
the advance Jesus makes.
4. Read Mt. 5 :27-3o. For an estimate of the marked emphasis
Jesus places upon purity, thoughtfully read again v. 29, and
then v. 30. To know something of what His purity brings,
read again v. 8. The Rabbinical saying was, "If any man
hate his wife, let him put her away;" what Moses says is
given in Deut. 24:1; read Mt. 5:31, 32 for the law of Jesus.
5. Read Exodus 20:7, Deut. 5:11, Lev. 19:12, for the basis of
Jesus' statement about oaths. Then read § 49, Mt. 5:33-37
for His law. Precisely what is that law?
6. For the law of retaliation read Ex. 21:23-25. Now consider
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Fourth Day: § 49. The Sermon on the Mount (continued)
the position taken by Jesus in § 49, Mt. 5 :38-42. To under
stand in what sense He here speaks, examine His course in
§ 138, Jo., v. 22, 23 as a commentary on § 49, Mt. 5:39.
7. Read § 49, Mt. 5:43. The law of Moses concerning the
neighbor is given in Levit. 19:18; "and hate thine enemy"
was a Rabbinical inference. To know the spirit of a true
disciple of Jesus, read § 49, Mt. 5 :<4-48.
8. Since Luke did not write for Jews in particular, he does not
give these especial references to Jewish ideas. But he reports
the general instructions on the supreme law of the Kingdom
of God. Read in § 49, Lu., w. 27-36. Find the points
wherein he enlarges on Matthew's statement, and dwell on
the profound rule of Jesus as expressed in the 31st verse.
9. What shall we now say of the Pharisaic charge that Jesus was
a destroyer of the law?
Personal thought:
Is my life wholly free from malignant anger? Have I attained
to Jesus' standard of purity? Do I so habitually speak the
truth that an oath has no meaning for me? Is the spirit of
retaliation absent from my life? Do I love my personal
enemies? The judgment of Jesus: "except. .. .ye shall in
no wise enter into the kingdom of heaven."

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Fifth Day: §49. The Sermon on the Mount (continued)
i. In § 49, Mt. 5:20, read again Jesus' general statement.
Yesterday we studied points wherein the righteousness Jesus
taught exceeded that taught by "the scribes." He then
leads us to a consideration of some of the practices of "the
Pharisees." For His general principle, read § 49, Mt. 6:1.
2. Now read the first particular instance taken by Jesus, vv.
2-4. What precisely is the "reward" which comes to an
ostentatious giver? Determine as clearly as possible the
exact form of the "recompense" which follows giving in the
way of Jesus.
3. Concerning prayer, first read w. 5, 6. Wherein does the
"recompense" from secret prayer differ from that which
comes through secret giving? Now read vv. 7, 8. Does
Jesus condemn repetitions in prayer?-(cf. § 136, Mt, v. 44).
Does He discourage much praying?-(cf. § 48, Lu., v. 12).
4. Thoughtfully read the prayer Jesus gave (w. 9-13).
Re-examine it, and consider, (1) the simplicity and conden
sation in its language, (2) the variety of its applications, (3)
the vastness and comprehensiveness of its scope.
5. Again read the petition expressed in v. 12. To learn the
only condition upon which that prayer will be answered, read
vv. 14, 15. Do I constantly fulfil this condition?
6. Recall what we have learned from Jesus concerning fasting.
Read vv. 16-18. What is the "recompense" which comes
from fasting? Does Jesus require His disciples to fast?
7. What is the essential spirit, manifest throughout these several
instances, which Jesus condemns?
Personal Thoughts:
1. Is my religious life entirely free from all ostentation?
2. ' 'Enter into thine inner chamber, and having shut thy door,
pray"-have I this secret life to which Jesus calls me?
3. "Thy kingdom come" -am I willing to give my life to the
establishment of that kingdom in the darkest part of the
earth? Should I so pray, if I am not?
4. "Thy will be done"-am I doing the will of God in my life?
or do I oppose it still at some points?

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Sixth day: §49. The Sermon on the mount (continued)
I. Having dealt with the advances of His teaching beyond that
of the Scribes, and with the contrasts between the practices
of the Pharisees and those which He would enjoin, Jesus
passes to the consideration of the ideal relation of man to
God.
2. In Jesus' time, as now, love of wealth was characteristic of
the Jews. In § 49, read Mt. 6:19-21. What principle con
cerning the relation of man to God is expressed in this con
crete statement?
3. Now read w. 22, 23. Thoughtfully consider the office of
the eye to the life, and the results of any defect in it. What
is meant, in the application of this figure, by the "single"
eye?
4. Remembering that in v. 24 "serve" means "be the slave
of," read the verse. Being here given the explicit statement,
re-examine w. 22, 23, and determine what is meant by the
"single" eye. What then is the principle in vv. 19-21?
5. But the supreme service of God, when it is accepted, brings
with it a "therefore" for the quieting of the life. Read vv.
25-34. What is the great lesson which Jesus here teaches?
To whom precisely are "all these things" assured? That the
principle stated in several forms in vv. 19-24 may not be
obscured, find how Jesus re-stated it in v. 33.
6. Man bears relations to man as well as to God. What Jesus'
message is for that relation, let us examine. In § 49, read

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Sixth Day: § 49. The Sermon on the Mount (continued)
Mt. 7:1,2, then Lu. 6:37, 38. Now read Mt. 7:3-5, and with
it compare Lu. 6:41, 42. In what way is the parable (w.
39, 40 ) connected with what precedes and with what follows?
7. But if judgment is forbidden, what of discrimination? Read
§49, Mt. 7:6. But from whence shall come the wisdom? Read
§ 49, Mt. 7:7-11. Thoughtfully consider the gracious incen
tive to prayer which Jesus gives (v. 11).
8. Jesus sums up the several precepts concerning our relations
to others in a principle. Read v. 12, and consider the trans
formation which would be wrought in the world if this were
practised by all.
Personal Thoughts:
1. "All things therefore whatsoever ye would that men should
do unto you, even so do ye also unto them"-do I make this
law of Jesus the actual basis of my relations to others?
2. "Seek ye first His Kingdom, and His righteousness" -do I
seek the interests of Self first, and those of His Kingdom
only where they do not cross those of Self?

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Seventh Day: § 49. The Sermon on the Mount (concluded)
i. Jesus has spoken of (i) the character, privileges and mission
of the subjects of the kingdom, (2) the relation of His teach
ing to that of the Scribes, (3) the contrast of the practices
He would have to those of the Pharisees, (4) the right rela
tion of man to God, (5) the ideal relation between man and
man. The standards are high, the requirements are rigor
ous! But He has a last, clear call.
2. In § 49, read Mt. 7:13, 14. Dwell thoughtfully on the two
words used to describe the two different ends.
3. Not all religious teachers point to the straitened way. Study
the caution of Jesus in vv. 15-20. What is the test He gives
in w. 16, 20? But what shall be our standard of the fruits?
how high shall we set it? Find Jesus' answer in v. 21.
Then read vv. 22, 23. Now compare § 49, Lu. 6:43-45.
4. Jesus has spoken; the truth is known; the issue is now with
His hearers. Read § 49, Mt. 7:24 27. Now compare § 49,
Lu. 6:46-49. Consider the appropriateness of these words
as the conclusion of the discourse.
5. Having spent these days with Jesus, listening to His teach
ing, what impression has He made upon us? For that in
Galilee, read § 49, Mt. 7:28, and compare with § 39, Mk.,
v. 22. Read § 49, Mt. 8:1, and compare with § 47,
Mt, v. 25.
Personal thoughts:
1 . "Not every one . . . but he that doeth the will of my Father' '
—am I deceiving myself concerning what it means to be a
Christian? Am I believing myself a disciple of Jesus while
refusing to obey God in certain parts of my life?
2. "Every one therefore which heareth these words of mine and
doeth them"-is my life founded upon this rock? Have I
"digged and gone deep, and laid a foundation upon the
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STUDY 9: THE SECOND PREACHING TOUR IN GALILEE

FIRST DAY: §50. THE CENTURION'S SERVANT
1. Recall where the Sermon on the Mount was spoken. Read
Luke's first verse in § 50. After what different previous
events had Jesus entered into Capernaum? What inference as
to the place of Capernaum in His ministry?
2. Thoughtfully read all of the remaining verses of Luke's ac
count (vv. 2-10). Find in Mt. , v. 6 the nature of the sickness.
3. The centurion: commander of a company of one hundred
men, probably in the army of Herod Antipas, Tetrarch of
Galilee; a Gentile (v. 5), perhaps a Roman.
4. His attitude toward the Jews though a foreigner (w. 4, 5).
Being without Jewish prejudices, how will such an one as
Jesus impress him-in view especially of his receptive spirit?
What characteristic is revealed by the method of his
approach to Jesus (v. 3 and first sentence of v. 7 )?
5. What impression did the request, with its particulars, make
upon Jesus (v. 9, first sentence)? Was it His custom to go
to others to heal? Have we any previous instance?
6. The spirit of the centurion: apprehend it by thoughtfully
reading again in vv. 6-8. Just what conception of Jesus does
this reveal? Consider what reception Jesus had met with
previous to this from the Jews: (1) from the people-a throng
ing it is true, but because "power came forth"; (2) from
the religious leaders-they "took counsel against him. " Now
realize how the centurion's testimony would touch Jesus.
7. The effect upon Jesus: (1) the striking personal testimony
(v. 9); (2) but the event has a deeper significance; it
points to a future (§ 50, Mt, vv. 11, 12). The natural
"sons of the kingdom" were the Jews. Had Jesus ever be
fore intimated that His message was for a world beyond the
Jews? What thoughts and feelings would fill His mind on
the occasion of this incident!
8. Rapidly read Matthew's narrative as a whole. It is held:
"He who does a thing through another does it himself."
PERSONAL THOUGHT;
"I have not found so great faith"-what measure of faith does
Jesus find in me? What am I thinking it means to have
faith in Jesus? Do I, by my faith in Him, make it pos
sible for Him to do great things for me, and through me for
others? "As thou hast believed, so be it done unto thee."
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Second Day.- § 51. The raising of the Widows Son at Nain
i. By a reference to the map, find the geographical relation
ship of Capernaum to Nain. Nain is twenty-five miles from
Capernaum. Since Jesus' permanent removal to Capernaum,
what places have been named as visited by Him? Nain is
now a squalid and wretched village.
2. Read v. n. Vividly picture to the mind the movement of
this company over this distance. What would be the effect
upon the people of the country traversed by them?
3. Jewish burying- places were always outside cities. The
approach to Nain is by a narrow rocky path. Read v. 12.
"The only son"-into what places of need Jesus comes! cf.
§ 60, Lu., v. 42; § 78, Lu., v. 38.
4. Read v. 13. For the feelings of Jesus in the presence of
bereavement, read also § 105, vv. 33-37. In Jewish funerals
the body was carried open on a bier or in an open coffin.
Read vv. 14, 15. "And he gave him to his mother"-dwell
in thought upon the scene!
5. Recall the works which the people had previously seen from
the hands of Jesus. What were some of the effects which
they produced? Were any of the preceding works as great
as this? Read v. 16.
6. Calling again to mind all that has already been learned of the
fame of Jesus, read v. 17. Look at the map for that part of
"the region round about" which is east of the Dead Sea.
What place of interest is there marked?
Personal Thought:
"Young man, I say unto thee, Arise" -is there a death from
which Jesus thus calls me? Let me read § 44, vv. 24, 25.
Having heard, have I responded? The way of response,
according to Jesus: § 49, Mt 7:21.

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Third Day: § 52. JOHN the BAPTIST'S LAST MESSAGE (continued)
i. Recall the time and the cause of the imprisonment of John
the Baptist (§ 34). What effect did it have upon the minis
try of Jesus? Trace rapidly in memory the course of Christ's
ministry since John was ' 'shut up in prison' ' . Find again
on the map the location of the prison of John.
2. Read the confident last-recorded testimony of John to Jesus
(§ 3°> vv- 27"3°) • Realize the effects upon John of months
of imprisonment in the fortress of Herod at Machaerus.
3. Having in mind the effects of the event of § 51, read Luke's
1 8th verse in § 52, and follow it by the 2d of Matthew. What
had the disciples of John previously told Jesus ( § 43, Mt. ,
v. 14)? What indication of John's spirit does this give? What
impression would these differences likely make upon John?
4. In § 52, read Lu., vv. 19, 20. Why did John ask this
question? What was his announcement about Jesus (§ 18,
Mt, vv. 10-12)? Was Jesus fulfilling John's conception
(cf. § 47, Mt, vv. 19, 20)? Was the Kingdom of God com
ing in the ways John expected (cf. § 108, v. 20)? What
effect would the calm and noiseless movement of the Kingdom
have upon him?
5. What then was Jesus doing? Read v. 21. But how will He
answer the very direct and far-reaching question of John?
Read v. 22. Did not John already know these things? Had
John been anticipating in accord with prophetic utterances
(cf.§ 36, vv. 17-19)?
6. Learn John's profoundest wish for Jesus (§30, v. 30); in
what relation does the prophet now stand to the Master
(§52, Lu., v. 23)?
7. Read rapidly through § 52, Mt., vv. 2-6.
PERSONAL THOUGHT;
"Blessed is he, whosoever shall find none occasion of stum
bling in me"-has Jesus thus far been an occasion of stumbling
to me at any point? or have I accepted and fulfilled each moral
demand as He has made it? do I stumble at His teaching
concerning how much of my life He asks? Jesus expects me
to find "none occasion of stumbling" in Him. "Blessed is
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FOURTH DAY: § 52. JOHN THE BAPTIST'S LAST MESSAGE (concluded)
i. We have made a study of the testimony of John to Jesus
(§ 3°, vv. 27-30); Jesus now bears testimony to the moral
worth of John. Read the high testimony so charmingly
expressed in § 52, Lu., vv. 24-28.
2. Is there any reason suggested why Jesus spoke after the mes
sengers were gone (v. 28, last sentence)? For an answer to
Jesus' question in v. 24, think over the character of the
preaching of John (§ 18, Lu., vv. 10-14), recalling especially
theaet which led to his imprisonment (§ 34, Mk., v. 18).
For a contrast with the apparel and living of which Jesus
speaks in v. 25, read again § 18, Mk., v. 6. What had John
done when he was "in kings' courts" ? John was "a prophet"
of whom there had been a prophecy; refer to Mai. 3:1.
3. What is meant by the last sentence of Lu., v. 28? Be helped
to an understanding of it by recalling John's conception of the
Kingdom of God as revealed in yesterday's study. Consider
this as Jesus' explanation of John's perplexity.
4. This reference to John awakens thoughts of the reception he
had received. Read Lu., vv. 29, 30. For: "the people,"
"the publicans"; against: "the Pharisees," "the lawyers."
What of Jesus' reception?
5. Those against the ministry of each have reasons. Read Lu.,
vv- 3I_34- Consider the beauty of the figure taken from the
children playing at games in a public place. Recall how
John lived; and the occasion when this charge was brought
against Jesus (§§ 42, 43). Neither pleased the religious lead
ers; both (Lu., v. 35) pleased God and the rightminded.
6. Matthew's narrative is substantially the same, except for the
addition in vv. 12-15. Glance rapidly through it and make a
second reading of w. 12-15. F°r tne reference to Elijah,
read Mai. 4:5. The Jews interpreted this to mean that he
would come to life again (cf. § 21, v. 21, and § 4, v. 17).
What is meant by "the Kingdom of heaven suffereth violence"?
PERSONAL THOUGHT:
"They which are gorgeously apparelled, and live delicately,
are in kings' courts"-how did Jesus dress and live? how do
I dress and live? have I likeness to Him in these things? do I
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Fifth Day: § 53. Anointing of Jesus in the House of Simon
the Pharisee (continued)
i. What attitude had the Pharisees as a class assumed toward
Jesus? Is it probable that all individuals of the sect had the
same feelings about Him? In § 53, read v. 36. What was
the probable purpose in this invitation? ' 'Sat down to meat, ' '
that is, reclined resting on the elbow with unsandalled feet on
the couch.
2. Eastern hospitality led to houses being left open; any one
might enter during a meal. Read vv. 37, 38. The name of
"the city" is not known; it may have been Magdala. "Sin
ner' ' was the Jewish term for a harlot.
"She sat and wept beside His feet. The weight
Of sin oppressed her heart; for all the blame
And the poor malice of the worldly shame
To her were past, extinct, and out of date:
Only the sin remained-the leprous state.
She would be melted by the heat of love,
By fires far fiercer than are blown to prove
And purge the silver ore adulterate.
She sat and wept, and with her untressed hair
Still wiped the feet she was so blest to touch;
And He wiped off the soiling of despair
From her sweet soul, because she loved so much."
3. But there was another spirit in the room than the compassion
ate one of the pure Jesus. Read v. 39. The Jewish Rabbis
had contempt for all women, and would not have allowed a
sinful woman to touch them. "To speak with a woman" was
one of the six things which a Rabbi might not do. What
spirit toward Jesus does this Pharisee here reveal?
4. The Pharisee had need of teaching. Jesus' method is full of
beauty. Read vv. 40-43. What touch of the spirit of
Simon comes in "I suppose"?
5. "Thou hast rightly judged"-but there is to be an application
which will be most searching. That for the study of
tomorrow.
Personal thought:
"Simon, I have somewhat to say unto thee"— am I anxious
to listen to, learn, and obey the messages of Jesus by which
He would correct the faults of my life?
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STUDY 9: THE SECOND PREACHING TOUR IN GALILEE

Sixth Day: § 53. anointing of Jesus in the House of Simon
the Pharisee (concluded)
I. Simon has judged rightly of the parable; is he prepared for
the significance of its application? Read vv. 44-47. ' 'Seest
thou this woman" -as a Pharisee he would scarcely have
deigned to look at her. Which is the more attractive, the
penitent sinner or the self-righteous? Water for the feet
was one of the commonest courtesies. "With her tears" :
"The most priceless of waters." "She poured forth tears,
the blood of the heart." The kiss was a customary mark of
respect; to anoint with oil, usual in the case of an honored
guest. What does Simon's treatment of Jesus suggest as to
the spirit which prompted the invitation?
2. To what state in the woman does Jesus attribute the forgive
ness of her sins (v. 47)? Is love a means of pardon? Must
one have sinned much and been forgiven much in order to
love much? Godet: "What is wanting to the best of us, in
order to love much, is not sin, but the knowledge of it."
What was Simon's state?
3. Read vv. 48-50. Compare the statement of v. 50 with that
of v. 47. What is the distinction? With vv. 48, 49, com
pare the incident of § 41, Mk., vv. 5-7.
4. Consider the restfulness in Jesus' last words to the woman.
Now read through § 53 from the first to the last. Gregory
the Great: "As oft as I think over this event, I am more
disposed to weep over it than to preach upon it."
Personal thought:
"She loved much"-does this express my feelings toward
Christ? or have I yet allowed Him place enough in my life
to awaken such a relationship? "To whom little is forgiven,
the same loveth little."

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STUDY 9: THE SECOND PREACHING TOUR IN GALILEE

Seventh Day: § 54. Christ's Companions on His Second
Preaching Tour
i. Trace the movements of Jesus since he last left Capernaum.
Now read § 54. Starting with the removal to Capernaum
(§ 37 )> discover what events made up the history between
each subsequent return to that city. Between what two
times of entrance into Capernaum was the first tour of Galilee
made? Read again the account of the first tour (§ 40, Mt.,
v. 23). What did Jesus do on the first tour? What on the
second?
2. What significance is there in the statement, "and with him the
twelve" (v. 1 )? What would this tour mean to them?
3. For the need Jesus had of being ministered to by these
women, see § 86, Lu., v. 58. It is elsewhere mentioned,
§ 140: Mt, vv. 55, 56; Mk., vv. 40, 41. For other mention
of Mary Magdalene, see § 141, Lu., v. 55; § 143, Mk., v. 1;
§ 143, Jo., v. 11-18. Joanna is spoken of again in § 143,
Lu., v. 10. We know nothing more of Susanna.
4. What was the subject of Jesus' preaching (v. 1 )? What is
meant by "the Kingdom of God"? Determine this by a
study of: § 5, v. 33; § 18, Mt, v. 2; § 28, vv. 3, 5; § 34:
Mk., v. 15; Mt, v. 17; § 40: Mt, v. 23; Lu., v. 43; § 49,
Mt. 5:3 (cf. Lu., v. 20), 10, 19, 20, Mt. 6: 10, 33, Mt 7:21;
§ 50, Mt, w. 11, 12; § 52, Mt, vv. 11, 12; Lu., v. 28;
§ 54. v. 1.
Personal thought;
"Which ministered unto them of their substance" -am I
doing all that Jesus would have me do to advance the King
dom of God in the giving of my substance?
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STUDY 10: A DAY OF TEACHING BY THE SEA OF
GALILEE

First Day : § 55. Warnings to the Scribes and Pharisees:
"An Eternal Sin" (continued)
i. The last Study was on The Second Preaching Tour in Gali
lee. Jesus passed from Capernaum out into the cities and
villages of Galilee. Where did He go after the first tour
(§41, Mk., v. 1, cf. footnote')? Read §55, Mk., v. 19
(cf. footnote4). Where was the "house" (cf. § 57, Mt, v.
1)? Read § 55, Mk., v. 20, and cf. § 41, Mk., v. 2. Read
§ 55, Mk., v. 21, and cf. § 26. Had Jesus' "friends" moved
to Capernaum with Him? Consider their judgment of Him.
2. Read § 55, Mk., v. 22. "The scribes which came down
from Jerusalem"-what company met Jesus at Capernaum
after the first tour (§41, Lu., v. 17)? What was their pur
pose in each case?
3. Mark omits the instance which preceded the charge, therefore
read now § 55, Lu., vv. 14-16. What three classes does
Luke distinguish? Read § 55, Mt., vv. 22-24. Consider
especially that most significant suggestion of the people (v.
23). By "son of David" they meant the Messiah. What
effect would such recognition of Jesus have upon the religious
leaders? Will they not now say their worst against Him
(v. 24)?
4. The charge made against Jesus seems serious, but is it reason
able? How will Jesus answer it? Read § 55, Mk., vv.
23-26. With Mark's verses, rapidly compare Matthew
(§ 55. vv. 25, 26), then Luke (§ 55, vv. 17, 18).
5. The logic is surely irresistible, but there is another argument.
In Jesus' time it was very common for Jews to profess to cast
out demons (cf. Acts 19:13). Read § 55: Lu., vv. 19, 20;
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STUDY 10: A DAY OF TEACHING BY THE SEA OF
GALILEE

First Day: § 55. Warnings to the Scribes and Pharisees:
"An Eternal Sin" (continued)
Mt., vv. 27, 28. How can tfcey answer this question? How
can they resist this conclusion?
6. But there is another way of coming to a decision concerning
the real source of the power which Jesus used. Read § 55:
Mt, vv. 29, 30; Lu., w. 21-23; Mk., v. 27.
7. Did the scribes and Pharisees believe that Jesus cast out
demons by the power of Satan? Was such a belief in any
degree reasonable? Did they not know that the power must
come from God? What then had they done? Read § 55:
Mk., w. 28-30; Mt, vv. 31, 32. Is it possible for any one
to be guilty of "an eternal sin" in these days?
8. What is the essential difference between this instance of
opposition from scribes and Pharisees and those which have
preceded it?
Personal thought:
"He that is not with me is against me"-is there any part of
my life which is not with Christ? That then is against Him.

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STUDY 10: A DAY OF TEACHING BY THE SEA OP
GALILEE

Second Day: § 55. Warnings to the Scribes and Pharisees:
"An Eternal Sin" (concluded)
i. "By their fruits ye shall know them" (§49, Mt. 7:16). If
Jesus does a good work why charge it to an evil spirit? Read
§ 55, Mt., v. 33.
2. This blasphemy of the scribes and Pharisees is not a mere
incident; it grows from roots which are deep. Read § 55,
Mt., vv. 34-37. Why is it that Jesus places such great
emphasis upon words? How does the "eternal sin" find
expression? The other side: James 3:2.
3. For the form of Jesus' teaching read § 55, Mk,, v. 23.
Now read § 55, Lu., vv. 24-26. Compare § 55, Mt, vv.
43-45. Of what spiritual realities does Jesus here speak?
Read § 55, Lu., vv. 27, 28.
4. Not all who saw and heard Jesus spoke of Him as did "some
of them" (Lu., v. 15). "Others" tempted Him by a
request (Lu., v. 16). Having answered the serious charge,
Jesus returns to the request. Read § 55, Lu., vv. 29-32.
"Sign": perhaps such as had been seen from Moses, Joshua,
Samuel, Elijah. "The preaching of Jonah": Jonah 3:5;
"the queen of the south": 1 Kings 10:1-13. Rapidly read
through Matthew's parallel account (vv. 38-42). For an
explanation of Luke's 30th verse, read again Matthew's 40th,
and refer to Jonah 1:17. What was the exact intention of
the "others" (Lu.) or "certain" (Mt.) in asking a "sign"
from Jesus?
5. "How can ye, being evil, speak good things" (Mt, v. 34)?
The trouble was radical. A change of view on this or that
specific point was of no avail. What was needed to under
stand Jesus was "the single eye." The scribes were the
"light" of the Jewish people. Therefore, concluding words:
§ 55, Lu., vv. 33-36.
PERSONAL THOUGHT:
"Look therefore whether the light that is in thee be not
darkness' '-how may I know that I am not deceived? The
answer of Jesus: "when thine eye is single, thy whole body
also is full of light." Have I the single eye, the undivided
will, the spirit which knows no Master save Jesus?
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STUDY 10: A DAY OF TEACHING BY THE SEA OF
GALILEE

Third Day: § 56. The True Kindred of Christ
i. We have learned something of the attitude assumed toward
Jesus by the religious leaders of His time. The general
spirit of the people has been revealed. But what thoughts
had His friends and brethren concerning Him? Read again
§ 55, Mk., vv. 19-21 (cf. § 82, v. 5).
2. But some with keener spiritual insight, recognizing His
greatness, conceived it to be a blessed privilege to bear
relationship to Him. Read again § 55, Lu., w. 27, 28.
3. Remembering where Jesus was (§ 55, Mk., v. 19; § 57, Mt,
v. 1 ), read the account by Matthew in § 56. Why had they
come for Jesus (cf. § 55, Mk., vv. 21, 30)? In whose house
was Jesus?-possibly answered in § 39, Mk. , v. 29. Why
not in the house of "his friends"?
4. In § 56, read the narrative by Mark; then that of Luke.
Readalso§ 134: Jo. 15:14; Jo. 14:21; and Heb. 2:11.
5. Did Jesus despise natural earthly relationships? Read § 140,
Jo., vv. 26, 27.
6, What relation is there between the ruling passion of the life
of Jesus and that which He requires in His disciples? Read
§ 33. vv. 32, 34; § 44, v. 30, last clause. With § 56, com
pare §49: Mt. 6:10; Mt 7:21.
PERSONAL THOUGHT:
"They that hear the word of God, and keep it" (§ 55, Lu.,
v. 28).
"These which hear the word of God, and doit" (§ 56, Lu.,
v. 21).
"Whosoever shall do the will of God" (§56, Mk., v. 35).
"Whosoever shall do the will of my Father which is in
heaven" (§ 56, Mt, v. 5o)-judged by this high test which
Jesus gives, have I any kinship to Him? If not, am I a
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STUDY 10: A DAY OF TEACHING BY THE SEA OF
GALILEE

Fourth Day: § 57. The Parables by the Sea (continued)
I. Where had the events of §§ 55, 56 taken place? What is
said of the gathering of the people at this time (§ 55, Mk.,
v. 20; §56, Lu., v. 19)? What had Jesus done under
similar circumstances in the past (§ 38, Lu., v. 3; § 47,
Mk., v. 9)? Read § 57: Mt, w. 1, 2; Mk., w. 1, 2; Lu.,
v. 4. Time: "on that day"; from whence: "the house";
to whence: "the sea side"; conditions: "a very great multi
tude" "of every city"; activities: "he taught them many
things in parables." Make comparisons, in these points,
between this and the two other occasions by the sea.
2. Read the parable of the sower as given by Luke (§ 57, Lu.,
w. 5-8). Take now Matthew's record (§ 57, Mt, vv. 3-9),
and study the differences. Compare Luke and Matthew
with Mark (§ 57, Mk., w. 3-9). Consider how naturally
the agricultural scenes which Jesus had witnessed would sug
gest this parable.
3. In this parable, determine what is meant by: ( 1 ) the seed,
(2) the way side, (3) the rock, (4) the thorns, (5) the
good ground.
4. The disciples are not certain that they apprehend this para
ble. Why, in any case, does Jesus use this form of teach
ing? Read §57:Mk., vv. 10, 11; Mt, w. 10, 11.
5. Leaving the full reply of Jesus to be considered on the
Seventh Day, study now only His explanation of this para
ble in answer to the request. Read § 57, Lu., w. 11-15.
Make a study of such differences as are shown by Matthew
(§ 57, Mt, vv. 18-23) and by Mark (§57, Mk., vv. 13-20).
Compare the determinations made under 3., with this authori
tative interpretation.
6. Dwell upon the beauty of this parable, and upon its trath as
evidenced in all ages.
Personal thought:
"Such as hear the word, and accept it, and bear fruit" -am I
one of such? How may I know whether I have truly heard
and rightly accepted? Jesus' answer: "The tree is known by
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STUDY 10: A DAY OF TEACHING BY THE SEA OF
GALILEE

Fifth Day: § 57. The Parables by the Sea (continued)
i. That the Kingdom of God may be founded amongst men,
there must first be a sowing of "the word of the kingdom."
Will all of such seed bring forth a harvest? Jesus has just
taught that it will not.
2. Leaving that special teaching of Jesus which is placed by
Mark and Luke immediately after the explanation of the
parable of the sower (pp. 76, 77) for consideration on the
Seventh Day, pass now to the second parable. Not alone is
it true that only some of the good seed grows; there is
another sowing of which Jesus taught.
3. Not only is much good seed unproductive, but much bad
seed is sown and grows. Read § 57, Mt., w. 24-30.
Endeavor to determine what Jesus meant by: (1) the sower
of good seed, (2) the field, (3) the good seed, (4) the
tares, (5) the enemy, (6) the harvest, (7) the reapers.
4. We are not left to our own decisions concerning the interpre
tation of the parable. Read § 57, Mt, v. 36. "The
house"-cf. Mt, v. 1. When was the parable of the sower
explained (§ 57, Mk., v. 10)? Read § 57, Mt, w. 37-43.
5. The truth of "the parable of the tares of the field" may be
expressed under other terms. Read § 57, Mt., w. 47-50.
6. What are the general truths concerning the Kingdom of God
revealed by Jesus in these two parables?
PERSONAL THOUGHT;
"The good seed, these are the sons of the kingdom"-am I
numbered with these? How may I know of a certainty?
Jesus' answer: § 49, Mt. 7:21-
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STUDY 10: A DAY OF TEACHING BY THE SEA OF
GALILEE

Sixth Day: § 57. The Parables by the Sea (continued)
i. "The field is the world." In that field there is a sowing of
"the word of the kingdom." But there is also a sowing of
"tares." The Kingdom of God is founded by "the word of
the kingdom"; its mode of development is not by separation;
its members grow up with the "tares." Only a part of the •
good seed grows; that which does is surrounded by "tares."
These truths are not encouraging. But there is another side.
2. It is still the seed and a sower. Read§ 57, Mk., vv. 26-29.
Determine exactly what truths this parable teaches concerning
the development of the Kingdom of God.
3. But though such are the laws of the growth of the Kingdom
of God-silence, inwardness, gradualness— that kingdom has
an assured future. Read § 57: Mk., w. 30-32; Mt,
w. 31, 32.
4. The future of the Kingdom of God is not only assured; the
method by which that future will be attained is also indicated.
Read§ 57, Mt, v. 33. It isa transforming power, work
ing from within outwards till society is "all leavened."
5. If then the Kingdom of God be so great a transforming
energy, what is the measure of its worth to the individual?
Read § 57, Mt., v. 44. The knowledge of the Kingdom of
God comes at times to those not specially seeking it.
6. But there are ever those earnestly searching for the truth.
Read § 57, Mt., vv. 45, 46. That spirit which is seeking
for the supreme good finds it in the Kingdom of God.
Personal thought:
"Selleth all that he hath and buyeth" "Sold all that he had
and bought"-have I given God all that T have, all of my
possessions, all of myself? Does Jesus ask so much? His
answer: § 101, v. 33. 77

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STUDY 10: A DAY OF TEACHING BY THE SEA OF
GALILEE

Seventh Day: § 57. The Parables by the Sea (concluded)
i. In studying the several parables in their connections and rela
tions, certain portions of § 57 have been passed over. We
now return to these.
2. Read § 57, Lu., w. 9, 10. What does Jesus mean by the
reason He here gives for speaking in parables? Did He not
wish the people in general to understand? Read § 57, Mk.,
vv. 10-12. Did not Jesus wish to forgive them? What does
He mean? Read § 57, Mt, vv. 10-17. What help to the
answers of some previous questions, raised by the accounts of
Luke and Mark, comes from the fuller report of Matthew,
especially v. 13? The citation is from Isa. 6:9, 10. The
"your" of v. 16, is very emphatic.
3. What Matthew reports in v. 12 is given by Mark and Luke
after the interpretation of the parable. Read now § 57, Lu.,
vv. 16-18. Compare Luke's 1 7th verse with his 10th; his
18th with Matthew's 12th. Read § 57, Mk., w. 21-25.
What precisely is meant by § 57: Mt, v. 12; Mk., v. 25;
Lu., v. 18?
4. Following the parables spoken to the multitudes and preced
ing the expositions in "the house," Matthew and Mark each
summarize. Read § 57, Mt, vv. 34, 35. The citation is
from Psalm 78:2. Was David a prophet (cf. Acts 2:30)?
Read § 57, Mk., vv. 33, 34.
5. After the expositions and additional parables, Jesus has a
question. Read § 57, Mt, vv. 51, 52. Read the conclud
ing verse, § 57, Mt, v. 53.
PERSONAL THOUGHT:
To the disciples: "Unto you it is given to know the mys
teries of the kingdom of God. ' ' Am I a disciple? The test
of my discipleship: "Have ye understood all these things?"

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STUDY 11: THE THIRD PREACHING TOUR IN GALILEE

First Day: § 58. The Stilling of the Tempest
i . We spent all of last week in the study of what was but a part
of one day of Jesus' life. Recall the events and discourses
of that day. Strong opposition from "scribes and Phari
sees," misunderstanding on the part of "friends," only partial
appreciation by "disciples"! Healing, answering, correcting,
teaching! Physically considered, what would be Jesus' con
dition after such a day?
2. Read § 58, Lu.v. 22. But, "one of these days" is indefinite.
Read § 58, Mt vv. 18, 23. But, "great multitudes" were
often about Jesus. Read § 58, Mk. w. 35, 36. "Even as
he was"-what is meant (cf. § 57, Mk. v. 1)? "Other
boats"-had they gathered about for a more favorable posi
tion in listening?
3. Galilee, like other lakes surrounded by mountains, is subject
to sudden and violent storms of wind. They often occur
when the weather is clear, especially toward evening, after a
warm day. Read § 58: Mt. v. 24; Lu. v. 23. What is
suggested by the "came down" of Luke? Read § 58, Mk.
v. 37 and first sentence of v. 38. Observe the minute touches
Mark is giving. "He fell asleep"-think again of the day
which preceded this "even."
4. But there were others than the quiet One in the boat. Read
§58: Mt vv. 25-27; Lu. vv. 24, 25. Study the beautiful
extra touches of Mark (vv. 38 41).
5. What did Jesus mean by His question about the "faith" of
the disciples? "Faith," in whom? What should they have
done? What was there wrong in them? Suggested: "When
faith possesses the heart, its prayer may be passionate and
urgent, but it will not be full of trouble."
6. The effect upon the disciples (Mt. v. 27; Mk. v. 41; Lu. v.
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STUDY 11: THE THIRD PREACHING TOUR IN GALILEE

First Day: § 58. The Stilling of the Tempest
25 ) : Wherein did this act of Jesus differ from those which
they had previously witnessed? ' 'They seem to have got a
glimpse into the interior of something that stretched away
into infinity. ' '
7. Dwell upon the sublime scene brought before us in this beau
tiful picture: the sleeping Master, the raging sea, the terrified
disciples, the majestic Lord, the rebuking Teacher, the dis
ciples with a new vision.
Personal Thoughts:
"Why are ye fearful, O ye of little faith"? "Where is your
faith"? "Have ye not yet faith"? Is my will so completely
at one with that of God that it takes me only to God's places
for me, in which, therefore, I can have absolute confidence,
trust, faith that all will be well, and be free from anxious
thought?

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STUDY 11: THE THIRD PREACHING TOUR IN GALILEE

Second Day: § 59. The Gadarene Demoniacs
i. For what purpose did Jesus and His disciples "go over unto
the other side of the lake"? What cities does the map show
as located on "the other side"?
2. Read § 59, Mt. v. 28. Find Gadara on the map, southeast
of the lake. It was an important city, and may have given
its name to adjacent territory. "The tombs" : as customary,
outside of any city, and hewn out of rock in mountain sides.
Traces of them may be seen today. Read § 59, Lu. vv. 26,
27, 29. Find Gergesa. "The country" was rightly
designated by either term. "Two" (Mt. ), "a certain" (Lu.):
one may have been much more prominent. Read § 59, Mk.
w. 1-5. Warburton: "On descending from the heights of
Lebanon, I found myself in a cemetery. . . . The silence of
the night was now broken hy fierce yells and how lings, which
I discovered proceeded from a naked maniac, who was fight
ing with some wild dogs for a bone."
3. Read § 59: Mt. v. 29; Lu. vv. 28, 30, 31. "What is thy
name?": a simple method of bringing the man to himself.
Read § 59, Mk. vv. 6-10. "The holy calm, gentle majesty,
tender compassion, and conscious sovereignty which were
expressed in the aspect of Jesus, awakened in him, by force of
contrast, the humbling consciousness of his own state of
moral disorder."
4. Read § 59, Mt. w. 30-32. "Near Gergesa is the only spot
on the entire lake where a steep slope sweeps down to
within a few yards of the sea." Read § 59: Lu. w. 32, 33;
Mk. vv. 11-13.
5. Read § 59, Mt. vv. 33, 34. Why did they wish Jesus to
depart? Read § 59: Mk. vv. 14-17; Lu. vv. 34-37.
Observe Mark's extra touch, "even him that had the legion";
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STUDY 11: THE THIRD PREACHING TOUR IN GALILEE

Second Day: § 59. The Gadarene Demoniacs
and Luke's, "at the feet of Jesus." What was the nature of
the "fear"?
6. Read § 59: Lu. w. 38, 39; Mk. w. 18-20. Why did he
wish to go with Jesus? Why did Jesus refuse? For what
reason did Jesus command this man to tell, while he forbade
others in Galilee? Observe the result (§ 59, Mk. v. 20, last
sentence).
7. Consider the requests: (1) demons, (2) Gadarenes, (3)
restored man. How did Jesus answer each?
Personal Thoughts:
"Go to thy house unto thy friends, and tell them how great
things the Lord hath done for thee" (Mk. v. 19). Have I
obeyed this command of Jesus? Have I permitted Jesus to do
"great things" for me? Have I fulfilled the conditions upon
which He is willing to do "great things" for me? If I were
to obey and "go" would I, in truth, have any "great things"
of which to tell? Upon whose will are these dependent?

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STUDY 11: THE THIRD PREACHING TOUR IN GALILEE

Third Day: § 60. The raising of Jairus-s Daughter
§ 61. The Two Blind Men and the Dumb
Demoniac
i. What works were asked of Jesus on His several returns to
Capernaum (§ 35, v. 46, "sick at Capernaum" ; § 41; § 50;
§ 55, Mt)? Now read § 60, Mt. vv. 1, 18, 19. In v. 1,
find how Capernaum was now distinguished. ' 'These things' ' :
connect v. 18 with § 43. Matthew records events by groups,
rather than chronologically. Read § 60, Lu. vv. 40-42.
"All waiting" : imagine the scene, recalling them as He left
them (cf. § 57, Mk. v. 1; § 58, Mk. v. 36). "Of the syna
gogue": cf. § 50, Lu. v. 5. "To come" : compare the
request of the Jew with that of the Gentile, § 50, Lu. v. 7.
Read § 60, Mk. vv. 21-24. With what previous request had
Jairus probably come (§ 50, Lu. v. 3)?
2. Read § 60, Mt. vv. 20-22. To what did Jesus attribute the
cure? Read§ 60, Lu. vv. 43-48. "Peter said": what char
acteristics of the man are here shown? "In the presence of
all the people": consider the depressed and crushed condition
of the spirit of this one from whom for years all had held
aloof (Lev. 15:25). "Daughter" : the only recorded instance
of the use of this tender term by Jesus. "Christ is the Saviour
for secret suffering and silent sighs." Read § 60, Mk. vv.
25-34. Observe Mark's details (v. 26). The basis of the
woman's faith: v. 27. "Fearing and trembling": for her
touch had made Jesus Levitically unclean.
3. Read § 60: Mk. vv. 35-37; Lu. vv. 49-51. What selection
is now made from amongst the twelve?
4. Read §60, Mt. vv. 23-26. "The flute- players" : as in the
East to this day. Study the force of the last sentence of v.
24. Read § 60, Lu. w. 52-56. Compare Lu. v. 56 with
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STUDY 11: THE THIRD PREACHING TOUR IN GALILEE

Third Day: § 60. The Raising of Jairus'S Daughter
§ 61. The Two Blind Men and the Dumb
Demoniac
Mt. v. 26. Read § 60, Mk. vv. 38-43. Study the effect:
last sentence of v. 42.
5. Read § 61, vv. 27-31. "The house": cf. § 57, Mt. v. 1;
§ 55, Mk. v. 19. "Strictly" or sternly: why? With v. 30,
compare § 60, Lu. v. 56; with v. 31, compare § 60, Mt. v. 26.
6. Read § 61, vv. 32-34. "Went forth" : to Nazareth (cf. § 62).
Contrast the effect on "the multitudes" with that on "the
Pharisees." For Jesus' answer to such a charge, see § 55.
Personal Thoughts:
"Thy faith hath made thee whole" (§ 60, Mt, Mk., Lu. ).
"Only believe" (§ 60, Mk., Lu. ). "Believe ye?" (§61).
Have I made it possible, by my faith, for Jesus to work great
moral changes in me? Has He made me whole, morally?
Has He quickened me from my death through trespasses and
sins? Has He opened my eyes to the "mysteries of the King
dom of God"? "According to your faith be it done unto
you" (§ 61, v. 29).

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STUDT rl: THE THIRD PREACHING TOUR IN GALILEE

Fourth Day: § 62. Second Rejection at Nazareth
§ 63. Third Preaching Tour Continued
i. Recall fully the circumstances and incidents of the reception
Jesus had at Nazareth at the opening of His ministry in Gali
lee (§ 36). Rapidly review, in memory, all that had occurred
since (§§ 37-61 ).
2. Read § 62, Mt. vv. 54-58. From this account, gather all the
suggestions given concerning the family, social and industrial
relations of Jesus during the first thirty years of His life.
3. Read §62, Mk. vv. i-6a. "The carpenter": amongst the
Jews all sons were taught a trade. This1 was true even of the
Rabbis. Paul was a tent-maker (Acts 18:3). A Jewish
proverb: "he who teaches not his son a trade, teaches him
to be a thief." Study the effect of the attitude assumed by
the Nazarenes (v. 5). It is not recorded that Jesus ever
returned to Nazareth.
4. "A prophet is not without honor, save in his own country (d.
§ 36, v 29), and among his own kin (cf. § 55, Mk. v. 21),
and in his own house" (cf. § 82, v. 5).
5. Study and contrast the only two recorded instances of the
astonishment of Jesus (§ 62, Mk. v. 6 and § 50, Lu. v. 9).
6. Read § 63: Mk. v. 6 b; Mt. v. 35. With this very brief
statement of extensive activities on the third tour, compare the
summary of the second tour (§ 54), and of the first tour
(§ 40: Mt v. 23; Mk. v. 39; Lu. v. 44). Dwell much, in
thought and imagination, upon these records, that an adequate
conception of the extent of Jesus' work may be gained.
PERSONAL THOUGHTS:
1. "Whence hath this man this wisdom?" Have I any wisdom
which cannot be explained by the natural conditions of my
life?
2. "He did not many mighty works there because of their
unbelief." Has Jesus done many mighty works within met
Is He willing? What determines the extent of His work on
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STUDY 11: THE THIRD PREACHING TOUR IN GALILEE

Fifth Day: § 64. The Mission of the Twelve (continued)
I. For what purposes did Jesus choose the twelve (§ 48, Mk.
w. 14, 15)? "That they might be with him": what have
they seen and heard since that time (§§ 49-63)? "That he
might send them forth" : now they are ready. But what of
the field? Read § 64, Mt. 9:36-38. "Send forth": the same
word, in the Greek, as in § 20, Mk. v. 1 2 !
2. The prayer is answered through those who pray. Read § 64:
Lu. v. 1; Mk. v. 7; Mt. 10:1. Since Mt. vv. 2-4 has been
studied under § 48, pass over these names.
3. "These twelve Jesus sent forth, and charged them, saying":
(1) The field: Read Mt. 10:5, 6. This, for the pres
ent; but cf. § 50, Mt. v. 1 1 .
(2) The manner: "by two and two" (Mk. v. 7).
Read the couples (Mt. vv. 2-4).
(3) The mission: (a) in speech: Read first sentence
of Lu. v. 2; Mt. 10:7 (cf. John, § 18, Mt. v. 2; Jesus,
§ 34, Mt. v. 17). What does the message mean? (b) in act:
Read Mk. v. 7; Lu. vv. 1 and last sentence of 2; Mt. 10:1, 8.
"Freely" here means gratis. The power was a gift ( Lu.
v. 1 ) ; no money was to be taken for its exercise.
(4) The means: Read Lu. v. 3; Mk. vv. 8, 9; Mt
w. 9, 10. Were these specific directions meant for the
guidance of disciples under all circumstances and in all times
(cf. § 118, Jo. 12:6; § 133, Jo. v. 29; § 134, Lu. vv. 35,36)?
(5) The method: Read Lu. vv. 4, 5; Mk. vv. 10, 11;
Mt. vv. 11-15. This method was possible because of the
open hospitality of the East; there would be but two together.
"There abide" ; be not fastidious, avoid changes, have no
interruptions. "Shake off the dust": cf. Acts 13:51; 18:6.
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STUDY 11: THE THIRD PREACHING TOUR IN GALILEE

Fifth Day: § 64. The Mission of the Twelve (continued)
"Receive you not" (Lu. ), "not receive you" (Mk.): has
reference to the message, not the entertainment.
(6) The reception: Read Mt. 10:16-18, 21-23. There
is here a prophetic outlook beyond the present mission and
Galilee (v. 18); "to the lost sheep" is but the beginning.
(7) The wisdom: Read Mt. 10:19, 2°- Had Jesus
ever before spoken of "the Spirit of your Father"?
Personal Thoughts:
"Pray ye therefore the Lord of the harvest, that he send
forth laborers into his harvest." Do I pray this specific
prayer each day of my life? Do I fear to pray it because
I am unwilling to be sent? Does my prayer prevail if I am
unwilling to go into the most difficult field in the harvest?
Am I willing?

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STUDY 11: THE THIRD PREACHING TOUR IN GALILEE

Sixth Day: § 64. The Mission of the Twelve (concluded)
i. "That they might be with him"-this was a great privilege;
He was "a great prophet"; power was at hand in any emer
gency (§ 58, Mt. v. 25). "That he might send them forth
to preach"-this was different; it was a privilege to have
"power" (§ 64, Lu. v. 1); but that meant activity (§64, Mt.
10:7, 8); in this was danger (§ 64, Mt 10:16-18). What
now of the quiet fisherman's life (§ 38)! Will they go back?
They need encouragement. Jesus gives it.
2. Why go forward? (1 ) The Master's example: read Mt. 10:
24, 25. "Beelzebub:" § 55, Mk. v. 22; § 61, v. 34. (2)
The vitality of the truths they know: read Mt 10:26,27.
(3) The body not the life: read Mt. 10:28. (4) The watch
ful careof God: read Mt. 10:29-31. (5) The ultimate issue:
read Mt. 10:32, 33. Thoughtfully consider each of these
reasons; trace their connection through to the climax in (5).
3. The Kingdom of God isa kingdom of peace (§ 49, Mt. 5:9).
But the Founder of that kingdom introduces principles the
acceptance of which must cause divisions. Read Mt. 10:34-36
(cf. § 10, v. 14). With v. 36, compare § 55, Mk. v. 21.
4. When obedience to the will of Jesus separates even from kin
dred, what is His word? Read Mt 10:37. Is it easy to do this?
Read Mt. 10:38. To what does it lead? Read Mt. 10:39.
5. So much for the messengers; but what of those to whom they
are sent? Read Mt. 10:40-42. Give some special thought
to the significant statement of v. 40.
6. The charge having been concluded, Master and disciples
work. Read Lu. v. 6; Mk. vv. 12, 13; Mt. 11:1. What
additional fact have we from Matthew?
Personal thoughts:
1. "He that loveth father or mother more than me is not worthy
of me: and he that loveth son or daughter more than me is
not worthy of me." Is there any person in the world for
whom I would disobey Jesus? Do I cultivate any love which
contravenes the purposes of God for my life.
2. "He that findeth his life shall lose it; and he that loseth his
life for my sake shall find it." Have I lost«//of my life, my
self, my will, unto God? Or do I find some of my will as
still the possession of Self? What is mine is lost!
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STUDY 11: THE THIRD PREACHING TOUR IN GALILEE

Seventh Day: § 65. Death of John the Baptist
i. Give some thought to the probable effects of that mission
upon which the Twelve had been sent. Now read § 65, Lu.
vv. 7-9. "Herod": cf. § 18, Lu. v. 1, and the map.
"Elijah had appeared": cf. Mai. 4:5; § 21, vv. 21-25; § 4>
v. 17; § 52, Mt. v. 14. "He sought to see him": cf. § 139,
Lu. v. 8. What Jesus thought of Herod: § 99, vv. 31, 32.
Read § 65: Mt. vv. 1, 2; Mk. vv. 14-16.
2. Read § 65: Mt. w. 3-5; Mk. vv. 17, 18. "Herod the
tetrarch" was a son of the "Herod the king" of §§ 13, 14.
"His brother Philip" lived privately at Rome. Both Philip
and Herod were uncles of Herodias, who was a grand
daughter of "Herod the king." Find the prison of John,
east of the Dead Sea. "Feared the multitude": cf. §123,
Mt. v. 26. Read § 65, Mk. vv. 19, 20.
3. Read § 65: Mt. vv. 6-8; Mk. vv. 21-25. "Daughter":
Salome, afterwards married (1) her uncle, Philip the tetrarch
(§18, Lu. v. 1), (2) Aristobulus, grandson of "Herod the
king." "Convenient": for Herodias' purposes.
4. Read § 65: Mt. vv. 9 11; Mk.vv. 26-28. Which is of import
ance, to keep an oath or to break it that right may be done?
5. Read § 65: Mk. v. 29. Then read § 65, Mt. v. 12. "They
went and told Jesus": cf. § 30, v. 26; § 43, Mt. v. 14; § 52,
Lu. w. 18, 19.
6. "Among them that are born of women there hath not arisen
a greater than John the Baptist" (§52, Mt v. 11): In
memory, review the career of the man. What were his most
conspicuous characteristics?
7. Josephus, the Jewish historian: "So he put him (John) in
chains, and sent him to the castle of Machaerus, and there
put him to death. The Jews, therefore, were convinced that
his army was destroyed (in the war with Aretas, father of
his first wife ) as a punishment for this murder, God being
incensed against Herod."
Personal Thoughts:
"He that is but little in the kingdom of God is greater than
he" (§52, Lu. v. 28). Am I as great in (1) self-denial
(§ 8, v. 80; § 18, Mt. v. 4), (2) in courage (§ 65, Mk. V.
18), (3) in .^//-abnegation (§ 30, v. 30)?
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STUDY 12: THE CRISIS AT CAPERNAUM

First Day: §66. The Feeding of the Five Thousand (continued)
I. In the last record studied concerning The Twelve, what were
they doing? In what way, at that time, was Jesus engaged?
2. In § 66, read the first sentence of Mt. v. 13. "Heard it":
what? "Thence": whence? What answer does "in a boat"
suggest? Why did Jesus withdraw? Read Lu. v. 10.
"Returned" : to what point would they likely return? "Beth
saida": find it on the map as Bethsaida (Julias), northeast of
the lake. "Withdrew": why? Read Mk. vv. 30-32.
"Unto Jesus": where had He returned after previous tours?
Imagine this group of twelve about Jesus enthusiastically
reviewing "whatsoever they had done, and whatsoever they
had taught." Find the evidences here of Jesus' thoughtful
care for the body. What would the condition of the apostles
be after a period of such work? In the last sentence of v. 31,
find the effect of the apostolic tour.
3. Read Mt. last half of v. 13 and v. 14. "The cities": what
does this suggest as to the composition of "the multitudes"?
Read Mk. vv. 33, 34. "On foot": around the head of the
lake. "As sheep not having a shepherd": cf. § 64, Mt. 9:
36. What does Mark say was Jesus' work with the ' 'great
multitude"? What does Matthew say? Read Lu. v. 11. "He
welcomed them": though He and the apostles were very
weary (cf. Mk. v. 31). What does Luke say Jesus did on
their behalf?
4. Read Mt. v. 15; Mk. vv. 35, 36; Lu. v. 12. "When the
day was now far spent' ' : fill out the picture of that day of
teaching and healing. "He began to teach," and was led
on and on till the "even was come."
5. Read Lu. v. 13, and first sentence of v. 14; Mk. w. 37, 38;
Mt. vv. 16-18. "Give.K them to eat": what did Jesus expect
they would do?
6. Read Mt. vv. 19-21; Lu. vv. 14-17; Mk. vv. 39-44. "The
green grass": spring- time, as for months the grass is browned
and scorched on the Eastern shore of the Sea of Galilee.
Personal thoughts:
"Come ye yourselves apart into a desert place, and rest a
while" (Mk. v. 31). Am I so treating and using my body
in every particular that it is yielding up the utmost of its pos
sible service to the Kingdom of God? "Know ye not that ye
are a temple of God?" (1 Cor. 3:16).
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STUDY 12: THE CRISIS AT CAPERNAUM

Second Day: §66. The Feeding of the Five Thousand (con
cluded)
i. Read Jo. vv. i, 2. "These things": cf. § 44. "The signs":
of how many of these signs has John himself already told
us? "Followed": here means generally and habitually, in
contrast with Mt. v. 13 and Lu. v. 11. Read Jo. vv. 3, 4.
"The passover" : for which companies of pilgrims would be
moving toward Jerusalem. The "great multitude" may
have been composed, in part, of such pilgrims.
2. Read Jo. vv. 5-7. This question and answer were given
while Jesus "with his disciples" was upon "the mountain"
and at the time when the "multitude cometh." The activities
of thejday are related in Lu. v. 12. Philip's answer may
naturally be connected with the suggestion of Mk. v. 37,
which came at the end of the day. Read on through Mk.
v. 38, and follow it by Jo. vv. 8, 9. The day's healing and
teaching may be placed between John's 7th and 8th verses.
John alone says "barley"; it was the food of the poor.
3. Read Jo. vv. 10-13. "Much grass": cf. Mk. v. 39; hence
it was the early spring.
4. Read Jo. vv. 14, 15. In order to an appreciation of that
which followed the miracle, recall (1) the effects upon the
people of Jesus' previous healing and teaching, (2) the mis
sion of The Twelve with its results, (3) the murder of John
the Baptist in its influences upon Jewish feelings (§ 65, Mt.
v- 5)i (4) the Jewish Messianic expectations. What does
this outcome suggest as to Jesus' reasons for "strictly"
charging that "no man know it" in previous miracles?
5, Such a purpose on the part of "the people" would most hurt-
fully affect "the disciples" who as yet but partly understand
Jesus. What will Jesus do? ReadMtv. 22; Mk.v. 45. "Con
strained" : they were loathe to leave without Him. "To Beth
saida": that is, "Bethsaida of Galilee," § i29,v.2i ; see map.
6. This experience had been a critical one; it was but the third
temptation over again; "the people" acted thus though
Jesus had that very day been giving them instructions con
cerning the true nature of the Kingdom of God (Lu. v. 11 );
to whom shall He go? Read Mk. v. 46; Mt. v. 23.
Personal thought;
"He went up into the mountain apart to pray: and when
even was come, he was there alone. ' ' Do I always meet
the special exigencies of my life through prayer?
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STUDY 12: THE CRISIS AT CAPERNAUM

Third Day: § 67. Jesus Walking on the Water
i. Read Mt. w. 24-27. "Fourth watch": from about three to
six o'clock. Read Mk. vv. 47-50.
2. Read Mt. vv. 28-31. Why did Peter make this request?
"O thou of little faith": what is faith? In what or in whom
should Peter have had faith? How is faith a virtue which
brings power ? About what did Peter have ' 'doubt' ' ? With
Peter's "little faith" on this occasion, compare the "little
faith" of the disciples on that other occasion on the Sea of
Galilee (§ 58: Mt. v. 26; Mk. v. 40). How does faith act
as an effective power, when all nature is against them ?
3. Read Mt. v. 32; Mk. vv. 51, 52. In what way would an
understanding "concerning the loaves" have saved the dis
ciples from that sluggishness and obtuseness of intellect which
led them to be ' 'sore amazed' ' at the walking on the water ?
4. Read Mt. v. 33. What did they mean by "the Son of God"?
In determining, consider that ' 'they understood not concern
ing the loaves." Compare what they said on this occasion
with their saying when Jesus stilled the tempest ( § 58 : Mt. v.
27; Mk. v- 41 ). Is there any change in their conception of
this One whom they were following?
5. Read Jo. vv. 16-21. "Jesus had not yet come to them":
what is meant? "Five and twenty or thirty furlongs" : at its
broadest, the lake is about forty furlongs (cf. Mk. v. 47,
"midst").
6. Read Mt. vv. 34-36. "Gennesaret" : "a plain lying on the
northwest side of the lake, about three and a half miles long,
and at some points over two miles wide." It is "of unrivaled
beauty, fertility, and variety of products." Read Mk. w.
53-56. "To the shore": cf. Jo. v. 17.
Personal thought:
"O thou of little faith, wherefore didst thou doubt?" Am I
failing, at any point, to accomplish that which would please
God on behalf of His kingdom, because of my lack of faithf

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STUDY 12: THE CRISIS AT CAPERNAUM

FOURTH DAY: §68. DISCOURSE ON THE BREAD OF LIFE (continued)
i. Introductory :-Read vv. 22-24. "The multitude": such of
the 5,000 as had lingered after the rest were dismissed
(§ 66, Mt. v. 23).
2. First question and answer- "they said", "Jesus answered":
-Read vv. 25-27. "When earnest thou?": the question is
one of curiosity; the answer, as ever, penetrates to the inmost
motive. "Signs": which, rightly interpreted, would lead to
the Person. "The meat which abideth unto eternal life":
dwell much in thought and meditation upon this phrase as the
expression of what Jesus Christ offers to men.
3. Second question and answer-"they said' ' , ' 'Jesus answered' ' :-
Read vv. 28, 29. Consider the simplicity to which Jesus
here reduces the requirements of God. Determine precisely
what "believe on him" means.
4. Third question and answer- "they said", "Jesus therefore
said":-Read vv. 30-33. "For a sign": had they not seen a
great sign the day before? But was it as great as the manna
given for forty years? "Believe thee": what distinction is
there between "believer him" (v. 29) and "believe thee"?
"Not Moses" : but whom? "Giveth life unto the world" : what
life does Jesus give which was not there before?
5. Fourth question and answer-"they said", "Jesus said":-
Read vv. 34-40. "Give us": because, as yet, only "that
which" (v. 33) not he which. With v. 35 compare § 32,
vv. 13, 14; §49, Mt. 5:6. "I said" (v. 36): cf. v. 26. For
the supreme passion of Jesus' life, with v. 38 read: § 16, v.
49, with footnote3; § 33, vv. 32, 34; § 44, v. 30; § 56: Mt.
v. 50; Mk. v. 35. For a knowledge of the supreme and
ultimate purpose in all that God willed toward Jesus, thought
fully study again vv. 39, 40.
PERSONAL THOUGHTS:
"Not to do mine own will, but the will of him that sent me".
Have I likeness to Jesus in this supreme passion of His life?
Is it of any avail to have other likeness if I fail in this funda
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STUDY 12: THE CRISIS AT CAPERNAUM

F'FTH DAY: § 68. DISCOURSE ON THE BREAD OF LlFE(continued)
I. Read vv. 41-46. For an answer to the question of the Jews
in v. 42, thoughtfully and reverently read again in § 5, v. 35.
"Draw him", "taught", "hath heard", "hath learned": to
what work of God in man does Jesus here refer? In Jesus'
view, is it possible to have a true faith in God and yet reject
Christ? "The prophets" : Is. 54:13.
2. Read vv. 47-51. "Hath eternal life": a present possession.
"And not die": what is meant? Do not Christians die? Do
non- Christians die at death in any sense in which Christians
do not? ' 'Shall live for ever' ' : do not all men live for ever?
How long does he who does not "eat of this bread" live?
"My flesh": how can Jesus give that?
3. Thoughtfully and prayerfully read w. 52-59. "Ye have
not life": what life was lacking? Find the answer in v. 54.
But do not all men have "eternal life"? Yet what explicitly
does Jesus mean by "eateth my flesh and drinketh my
blood"? For the intimate personal union to which it leads
thoughtfully read again in v. 56.
4. "I live because of the Father" (v. 57): how did Jesus live
because of God? what part of His nature was sustained by
the Father? How was it sustained? "Eateth me": for an
understanding of this relation of the disciple to Jesus, reflect
upon the relation of Jesus to God (cf. § 33, vv. 32, 34; § 44,
v. 30; §68, v. 38).
5. Result: "Not die" (v. 50), "shall live for ever" (v. 51),
"hath eternal life" (v. 54), "abideth in me, and I in him"
(v. 56), ''shall live" (v. 57) "shall live for ever" (v. 58).
And this stupendous result follows an act expressed as "eateth
my flesh and drinketh my blood". What is that act?
Personal Thoughts:
"Except ye eat the flesh of the Son of man and drink his
blood, ye have not life in yourselves." Is my relation to
Jesus Christ soself-surrendering,so unquestioning, so constant,
so absolute, so personal, so intimate that it may be expressed
in these terms of Jesus? 94

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STUDY 12: THE CRISIS AT CAPERNAUM

Sixth Day: § 68. Discourse on jhe bread of life (concluded)
i. Recall the substance of the discourse as already studied.
Would its profound truth be apprehended by "the Jews," or
even by the majority of "his disciples"? What effect would
we expect the discourse to have?
2. Read vv. 60-65. ' 'A hard saying' ' : consider what very hard
things Jesus had said, if taken in their bare literalness. To
what event in the life of Jesus does v. 62 refer? What is to
be its effect on the disciples-more confusing or explanatory?
If "the flesh profiteth nothing" what did Jesus mean in v. 53?
Make a thoughtful study of v. 63 as Jesus' explanation of the
"hard saying" at which they stumbled. "It is the spirit
that quickeneth": cf. § 28, vv. 3, 5.
3. Read vv. 66-71. "Lord, to whom shall we go?": think
carefully about those to whom they might have gone. To
the Pharisees ! what type of religion would they give? To
the Sadducees! what had they to say of the "eternal life"?
To the old master of some of them, John the Baptist! What
had become of him? at best, what had he offered?
4. With the critical situation so clearly described in vv. 60-71,
contrast that after the feeding of the five thousand (§ 66, Jo.
vv. 14, 15). How do you account for so sudden and com
plete a change of attitude toward Jesus?
Personal Thoughts:
" Doth this cause you to stumble?" Do I stumble at any
thing in this discourse? Do I lack the spiritual experience
which answers to this teaching of Jesus? Do I refuse to enter
into this relationship with Jesus ("eat the flesh . . . drink
his blood") because of the demands in self-sacrifice and
obedience which it makes upon me?
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STUDY 12: THE CRISIS AT CAPERNAUM

Seventh Day: §69. Discourse on eating with Unwashen Hands
i. "The people" would "make him king" after "the sign which
he did"; later, "many of his disciples went back"; but the
ever-watchful "Pharisees, and certain of the scribes" pursue
evenly their policy of opposition. Their last word was, "By
the prince of the devils casteth he out devils" (§ 61, v. 34).
Read Mt. v. 1; Mk. vv. 1-4. "To Jesus," "unto him":
where was Jesus now (cf. §68)? "Had seen": perhaps
notably at the event of § 66.
2. Read Mk. vv. 5-8; Mt. vv. 2, 3. "Isaiah prophesy": cf.
Is. 29:13. That they "transgress the commandment of
God" Jesus will show by an example not connected with
purifications.
3, Read Mt. vv. 4-9; Mk. w. 9-13. "Honour thy father" etc.:
Ex. 20:12. "He that speaketh" etc.: Ex. 21:17. "Many
such like things": until "the tradition of the elders" had
become more authoritative than "the word of God."
4. Read Mt. vv. 10, 11; Mk. vv. 14, 15. Here we have Jesus'
answer to the religious significance which they attached to
"washings." Hence, we may read Mt. v. 12 without sur
prise. But thoughtfully read the notable answer of Jesus in
Mt. vv. 13, 14.
5. Men who had returned to tell Jesus of "all things whatsoever
they had taught" (§ 66, Mk. v. 30) have yet need to be
learners. Are they "also even yet without understanding"?
So it seems. Read Mt. vv. 15-20; Mk. vv. 17-23. Against
the positive effect of eating with ceremonially unclean hands,
set the things named by Jesus in Mt. v. 19; Mk. vv. 21, 22.
Then consider the force of Jesus' saying in Mt. v. 14.
PERSONAL THOUGHT:
Of what type is my purity? External-concerned with out
ward acts; or internal-concerned with the hidden life?
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STUDY 13: REVIEW

First to Seventh Day: §§ 1-69. A Review of Studies 1 to 12
I. Having considered the first twelve Studies in some detail, we
may now profitably take a backward look, for the purpose of
tracing the history in an even more general way than was
done in the class hours of study.
2. The work for the week is divided as follows: —
First Day: Review of Studies 1-6
Second Day: Review of Study 8
Third Day: Review of Study 9
Fourth Day: Review of Study 10
Fifth Day: Review of Study 11
Sixth Day: Review of Study 12
Seventh Day: Review of Reviews
3. It is suggested that the study of each day be done in this
order and with these aims:
( 1 ) Commit to memory the exact title of each Section
in the Study or Studies for the day, so that they may be
quickly named, in their order, at any time.
(2) Make such a reading of each Section, that you are
able to go mentally through the Section from first to last
giving the substance of its contents.
(3) Write out in the note-book, from memory, the fol
lowing: (a) The exact title of the Study or Studies (b) the
exact titles of the Sections within the Study or Studies (c)
the briefest possible summary of the contents of each Section.
State this in one sentence where it can be so condensed.
Omit (c) on First Day.
4. It may seem that this suggested method of review is
mechanical and uninspiring. It is certainly a week's work
which is primarily mental. It will be found, however, to
amply repay for the effort. We seek a mastery of the Life
of Christ.
5. In each Study aim constantly to trace and fix in mind: ( 1)
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First to Seventh Day: §§ 1-69. A Review of Studies l to 12
the connection of events, (2) the growth or progress of the
history. This will aid the effort to memorize the subjects,
and will likewise give a more intelligent conception of the
Life as a whole.
6. On the Seventh Day each student should test his knowledge
by endeavoring to answer to himself, mentally, the following
questions: (1) Give the exact titles of the first twelve Stu
dies. (2) Name the "Part" of the Harmony within which
each Study is found. (3) State the exact titles of the
Sections within each of the twelve Studies. (4) Taking each
Study as a unit, trace the connection of the events with which
it deals. (5) Follow through the history and explain its
development, that is, give reasons for all changes in the place
or form of the life, teaching, or activities of Jesus.
The above work should be done on the Seventh Day as com
pletely as possible without the book. But at points where
the memory is not certain, it should be refreshed by a glance.
7. This work on the part of each student will form the basis for
a class hour which should be of exceptional interest and pro
fit, and for an intelligent consideration of the succeeding
periods of the history.
PERSONAL THOUGHTS:
In a week of work so predominantly mental, there will be
special need to hold steadily before the mind the ultimate aim
of the study-the upbuilding of Character. Each day give
time for final meditation upon the "Personal Thoughts" of
the Study or Studies under consideration. Never pass over
, any question which comes to the life without answering it
Were it not better, if necessary, to spend the week conform
ing the life to the messages which the Gospels bring for me,
than upon any study of any kind, Biblical or collegiate?
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First Day: § 70. Journey toward Tyre and Sidqns the Syro-
ph02nician woman's daughter
I. Jesus had Himself made several distinct preaching tours in
Galilee (§§ 40, 54, 63); later he had sent forth the Twelve
(§ 64); the interest in Him and His disciples had become
wide-spread and enthusiastic (§ 66, Mk. v. 31). But it was
a superficial and mistaken interest which would defeat Jesus'
purposes (§66, Jo. Vv. 14, 15). Discipleship with Him
must mean more than this (§ 68, v. 53); the requirements
were too high (§68, v. 60); the enthusiastic people fall
away (§ 68, v. 66). What course will Jesus now take? Can
anything be expected from more teaching in Galilee after
these results?
9. Read Mt v. 21, and first sentence of Mk. v. 24. "Thence":
whence (cf. §69, Mk. v. 17)? "The parts of Tyre and
Sidon": that is, the country of Phoenicia; see map. From
the statement in the second part of Mk. v. 24 determine why
Jesus thus withdrew to the north. Why was it that "he
could not be hid"?
3. Read Mt. v. 22; Mk. vv. 25, 26. Previous to this visit
Jesus was not unknown by fame to the people of Phoenicia
(cf. § 47. Mk. v. 8). Read Mt. vv. 23-25. "Not a word":
with what purpose this silence? "Crieth after; us" : in a place
where we have come for retirement and rest. "Send her
away": had they ever seen Jesus send any person away with
out doing what was asked? What then did they expect?
Hence the reply of v. 24.
4. "I was not sent but unto the lost sheep of the house of
Israel" (Mt. v. 24). Nor did He send others in these early
stages (cf. § 64, Mt. 10:5, 6). But already He had looked
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First Day: §70. Journey toward Tyre and Sidon; the Syro-
phcenician woman's daughter
out in anticipation upon other fields (§ 50, Mt. v. 11 ). He
knew of the response which would come from them ( § 33,
v- 35; § 9X> v. 16). But "the children first."
5. Read Mk. vv. 27, 28; Mt. w. 26, 27. Consider the prompt
intelligence, with the high humility and faith shown in the
woman's reply. Was she not thus a child of Abraham (cf.
Gal. 3:7)?
6. Read Mk. vv. 29, 30; Mt. v. 28. "Great is thy faith": so
once before with a heathen (§ 50, Lu. v. 9). "The world
is ever admiring and lauding greatness, but it is great intel
lect or imagination, great ambition or force of character,
beauty or amiability, great learning or discoveries, possessions
or conquests; here is the noblest praise for the truest great
ness. ' '
Personal Thoughts:
" O woman, great is thy faith: be it done unto thee even as
thou wilt." Am I failing to receive blessings which might
be had from God for my personal life because of my lack of
faith? Are there gifts as a Christian worker which are with
held from me because of my lack of faith? "He did not
many mighty works there because of their unbelief."

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Second Day: § 71. Return through Decapolis; many Mira
cles of Healing
I. Jesus "would have no man know" of His presence in "the
parts of Tyre and Sidon." But "he could not be hid."
Probably His fame had preceded Him; His Personality must
have been most impressive; His following of disciples would
mark Him off from other men. The incident in § 70 points
to the need for removal even farther north. Hence we are
prepared for the statement of § 71, Mk. v. 31, with which
read Mt. v. 29. Jesus would pass northwards from Tyre
through the territory of Sidon; next, eastward across the
Jordan; then, southward through the district of the Ten Cities
(Decapolis) to the shores of the lake, somewhere on its
southeastern border. "The mountain" : the mountain range
east of the lake (cf. § 66, Jo. v. 3); that of § 49, Mt. 5:1
was west of the lake.
2. Read Mt. w. 30, 31. For other such general accounts ot
numerous miracles read again § 39, Mt. v. 16; § 40, Mt. v.
23; § 47, Mt. v. 15; § 63, Mt. v. 35. "The God of Israel' ':
who was not their God, since these were a heathen people.
3. Matthew has thus given us the general account; but Mark
will relate for us a special instance in these activities. Read
Mk. w. 32-37. "They were beyond measure astonished":
Jesus had not before visited this region. "Beyond measure":
the word in the original occurs nowhere else in the New Tes
tament.
Personal Thoughts:
' 'He hath done all things well." Can I bear this testimony
concerning the activities of Jesus within my own life? Have
I fulfilled the conditions which make it possible for Him to
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Third Day: § 72. The Feeding of the Four Thousand
§ 73. The Pharisees and Sadducees demanding
a Sign from Heaven (continued)
I. Jesus had fed the Five Thousand at the northern end of the
range of mountains on the east of the Sea of Galilee. His
journeyings have now brought Him to the southern end of
the same range. Here ' 'there came unto him great multi
tudes" (§ 71, Mt. v. 30). In this case, a large proportion
of those present must have been Gentiles, for the Decapolis
was a Gentile rather than a Jewish district. He must have
spent several days in this region. His presence soon became
widely known.
2. In § 72, read Mt. v. 32; Mk. vv. 1-3- "Three days":
doubtless they had brought some food with them which was
now exhausted.
3. In § 72, read Mt. vv. 33, 34; Mk. vv. 4, 5. "In a desert
place' ' : on the lake shore they would be many miles from
the nearest city of the Decapolis. Similarly in the feeding of
the Five Thousand they were distant from any large city. In
each case the miracle is wrought to meet a real need.
4. In § 72, read Mt. vv. 35, 36; Mk. vv. 6, 7. "On the
ground": with the Five Thousand it was "upon the green
grass" (§ 66, Mk. v. 39); it is now the parched summer.
5. In § 72, read Mt. vv. 37, 38; Mk. vv. 8, 9. "He sent them
away' ' : why did He do this with the Five Thousand? why in
the present case?
6. In § 73, read Mt. v. 39; Mk. v. 10. The position of
"Magadan" is altogether unknown, as also is that of "Dal-
manutha." They were, however, probably on the western
side of the lake (cf. § 73: Mt. v. 5; Mk. v. 13).
Personal Thoughts:
"I am the bread of life: he that cometh to me shall not
hunger, and he that believeth on me shall never thirst" (§ 68,
v. 35). Have I partaken of the life-giving bread which
Jesus offers? Do I fail to take because I miss the simplicity
of il cometh" and "believeth on" ? The tests as to my posses
sion oi life: Do I hunger? Do I thirst?
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Fourth Day: § 73. The Pharisees and sadducees demanding
a Sign from Heaven (concluded)
§ 74. The Blind Man near Bethsaida
i. Jesus is now at some point on the western side of the Sea of
Galilee with His disciples. The last event in Galilee, before
leaving for the north, was a conflict with the scribes and Phari
sees (§ 69). From this Jesus had gone away for quiet and
rest. Now He returns. In § 73, read Mk. v. 11; Mt. v. 1.
• 'Came forth' ' : which suggests design or set purpose. "Ques
tion with him" : by way of opposition, as on previous occa
sions. ' 'A sign" : such, for instance, as a shower of manna
(cf. § 68, vv. 30, 31). "Sadducees": a sect opposed to the
Pharisees, but here united in common hostility to Jesus.
2. In § 73, read Mk. vv. 12, 13; Mt. vv. 2-4. With this scene
compare that in § 55: Mt. vv. 38-40; Lu. vv. 29, 30.
3. In § 73, read last sentence of Mt. v. 4 with v. 5, and Mk.
w. 13, 14. "The other side": some point on the northeast
ern side of the lake.
4. In§ 73, read Mt. vv. 6-10; Mk. w. 15-21. What did the
disciples suppose Jesus to mean by the warning? Why did
He recall the two miracles? What did He really mean by
"the leaven"?
5. In §73, read Mt. vv. 11, 12. In considering this explana
tion of what Jesus meant by "the leaven", recall such of
' 'the teaching of the Pharisees and Sadducees" as has been
brought out in the different instances of their opposition to
Jesus.
6. Read the whole of §74. "Bethsaida": that is, Bethsaida
(Julias) on the northeast of the lake, to which He had once
before gone for quiet (cf. § 66, Lu. v. 10). "Out of the
village": why (cf. v. 26)?
Personal Thoughts:
"O ye of little faith, why reason ye among yourselves?" Am
I failing to apprehend the spiritual teachings of Jesus because
of my lack of real faith in Him? Do His words seem
mysterious and incomprehensible? "O ye of little faith,
why reason ye?" ' 'Where is your faith?"
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Fifth Day: § 75. Peter's Confession
i. Read the first sentence of Mk. v. 27, and the first clause of
Mt. v. 13. With these compare § 70, Mt. v. 21. What
were the purposes of Jesus in these withdrawals to the north?
What benefits would come to the disciples from these days
alone with Jesus? What was their last expression of their
thought of Him (cf. § 68, vv. 68, 69)?
2. Read to the colon in Lu. v. 18. In connection with what
significant previous events in Jesus' life is prayer on His part
recorded (cf. §§ 19, 40, 48, 66)?
3. Finding that the special records of the prayer-life of Jesus are
intimately related to some of the most significant events of
His life, Luke's statement, just studied, prepares us to read
Mk. vv. 27-29; Lu. vv. 18-20; Mt. vv. 13-16. Reconsider
the question of John the Baptist (§ 52, Lu. v. 19). Compare
previous confessions (cf. § 58, Mk. v. 41; § 67, Mt. v. 33;
§ 68, vv. 68, 69). Had Jesus ever distinctly told the dis
ciples that He was the Christ?
4. Read Mt. v. 17. "Flesh and blood hath not": read § 87,
Mt. v. 27; § 68, v. 44.
5. ReadMt vv. 18, 19. "This rock": Peter, representatively
considered. "I will build": cf. Eph. 2:i9-22-"built upon
the foundation of the apostles and prophets. " Precisely what
is meant in v. 19?
6. Read Mt. v. 20; Mk. v. 30; Lu. v. 21. Why did Jesus
require this of His disciples? What effect would the
announcement have had upon the Jewish leaders? upon the
people? upon the Roman rulers?
Personal Thoughts:
1. "Who say ye that I am?" Apart from what any person else
has declared concerning Jesus, what is my personal answer to
this question of His as I view His life and teachings to the
present?
2. "He was praying alone." Is this a constant habit of my
life? Do I need it less or more than Jesus? Can I be Christ
like toward the world if I am not Christlike toward God?
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Sixth Day: § 76. Christ foretells His Death and Resurrec
tion (continued)
I. The confession of Peter may be regarded as the culminating
point in the ministry of Jesus. It was an expression of
clear faith and deliberate conviction from those who had seen
Him most closely. It awakened deep feelings in Jesus
(§ 75, Mt. vv. 17-19). But there is another side. He who
announces that ' 'the gates of Hades shall not prevail against
it" has other, less joyous words. Are the disciples now
ready for them? Read Mk. v. 31; Lu. v. 22; Mt. v. 21.
' 'From that time' ' : men who would so confess were ready for
the darker side. "Began" : it was a new theme; it had often
to be repeated. "Suffer many things" : to them, an amazing
conception of the Messiah. It marked a new epoch in their
relations to Him.
2. How can they accept such a statement about the future of
their all-powerful Master? What shall they say to it? Read
Mk. vv. 32, 33; Mt. vv. 22, 23. "Peter took him": what
characteristics of Peter are here revealed again? Contrast what
Jesus here says to Peter with that which Jesus spoke after the
confession (§ 75, Mt. v. 17). Why the difference? "Thou
art a stumbling block" : how had Peter become this to Jesus?
What was there wrong in Peter's rebuke?
3. In view of these statements in § 76 and those of § 75 concern
ing Jesus' dealing with His disciples in this period, determine
some of the purposes of the withdrawal to the north.
4. Thoughtfully consider the effect upon the disciples of an
announcement so much at variance with their Messianic con
ceptions.
Personal Thoughts:
"Thou mindest not the things of God, but the things of
men." In my determination of the purposes and plans for
my life do I follow the standards which are pleasing to the
mind of man, or do I seek to know and follow the mind of God?
Do I refuse to "suffer many things," or any, which I know
are a part of the mind of God for me?
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Seventh Day: § 76. Christ foretells His Death and Resur
rection (concluded)
i. Jesus did not announce to the disciples a course which was
for Himself alone. The principle of action which underlay
His life and which was soon to lead that life to such a close was
for all men in all times. It would not always lead the person
to thesameend,but the principle holds with "anyman." Read
it in Mt. v. 24; Mk. v. 34; Lu. v. 23. Read also the refer
ences under footnote b-
2. But beneath the principle of action there is a principle of life,
which is the justification of the action and the basis of the call
to it. For that read Mt. v. 25; Mk. v. 35; Lu. v. 24, with the
footnotes under a.
3. In view of this great, fundamental moral and spiritual law-the
center of Jesus' moral philosophy— read and answer the ques
tions of Mt. v. 26; Mk. vv. 36, 37; Lu. v. 25. "And lose or
forfeit his own self:" dwell thoughtfully upon this statement of
what is lost to the one not a Christian.
4. ReadMt v. 27; Mk. v 38; Lu. v. 26. "Whosoever shall be
ashamed of me and of my words' ' : am I numbered amongst
these? What is my relation to this spirit?
5. ReadMt. v. 28; Lu. v. 27; Mk. 9:1. To what time does
Jesus here refer?
Personal Thoughts:
"Whosoever shall lose his life for my sake shall find it."
Have I lost my life for Christ? Or are there some parts of
myself which are still in my possession?

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STUDY 15: THE TRANSFIGURATION AND THE FINAL
GALILEAN DISCOURSE

First day: § 77. The Transfiguration (continued)
I. In the quiet of "the parts of Caesarea Philippi" Jesus brought
out the full expression of what conception the disciples had
formed of Him (§ 75). That was a most notable occasion,
even the very culmination of His ministry. But He now tells
the disciples of other truths, strangely opposed to their
thoughts of "the Christ" (§76). But to Him who is yet to
"suffer many things" there now comes a marvelous experi
ence, which it is given to a few to witness. Read Mt. v. 1 ;
Lu. v. 28; Mk. v. 2. On what previous important occasion
had Jesus chosen these three to be with Him? Why only
three of the twelve, and why these? "To pray": what pre
vious important events in the life of Jesus were immediately
preceded by prayer (§§ 19, 40, 48, 66, 75)?
2. "He was transfigured before them" : thoughtfully, reverently,
prayerfully endeavor to gain some conception of this experi
ence by a study of Mt. v. 2; Mk. v. 3; Lu. v. 29. "As he
was praying": dwell in thought upon the relation between
the act of prayer and the coming of the transfiguring power.
Again find the relation between prayer and experience in that
other great event in Jesus' life (§ 19, Luke).
3. The nature and meaning of the Transfiguration is more fully
revealed by reading Mt. vv. 3, 4; Mk. w. 4-6. Now make
a study of Lu. vv. 30-33, and from it learn: (1) the form in
which Moses and Elijah appeared, (2) the subject of their
conversation, (3 ) the time of day when the transfiguration
occurred, (4) the point in the vision when the disciples
became conscious of it, (5) the point at which Peter's sug
gestion was given.
4. For the effect of the vision upon the disciples, read the last
words of Lu. v. 33, with Mk. v. 6. But the clearest testi
mony concerning Him whom they have called "the Christ"
is yet to come.
PERSONAL THOUGHT:
"And went up into the mountain to pray. And, as he was
praying—". Have I this habit of Jesus by which the trans
forming and transfiguring power of God is brought into the
life? 107

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SECOND DAY: § 77. The TRANSFIGURATION (concluded)
i . Out of a clear faith and with deliberate conviction Peter had
declared, "Thou art the Christ, the Son of the living God"
(§ 75)- That faith is now to be deepened by a testimony
not before heard. Read Mk. v. 7; Mt. v. 5; Lu. w. 34, 35.
At this point, make a study again of that other instance of
this form of testimony (§19: Mt v. 17; Mk. v. 11).
2. The effect upon the disciples: read Mt. w. 6-8; Mk. v. 8;
Lu. v. 36. Thoughtfully consider the Transfiguration as a
means to the strengthening of the faith of Jesus' disciples.
3. But Jesus had some wishes concerning this scene just wit
nessed by the privileged three. Read Mt. v. 9; Mk. v. 9.
For what reason did Jesus give this positive command? Read
again the second sentence of Lu. v. 36, for the record of
their obedience. But they had their questions still as to
what Jesus meant. Read Mk. v. 10. And this, notwith
standing the teaching recorded in § 76.
4. Yet another question puzzles them; this time it is expressed
to Jesus. Read Mt. vv. 10-12; Mk. w. 11-13. "The
scribes say": basing their teaching upon a literal interpreta
tion of Mai. 4:5, the scribes taught that Elijah would precede
the Messiah. Hence the question of § 21, v. 21; and again
the suggestion of § 65, Mk. v. 15. "Elijah is come": cf.
§ 4, v. 17; § 52, Mt. v. 14. Nowread § 77, Mt. v. 13. "How
is it written": Isaiah 53. But the Pharisees had not so
taught concerning the Messiah, hence the confusion of the
disciples.
Personal Thoughts:
"Hear ye him" (Mt, Mk., Lu.). Do I take Jesus the
Christ as my personal, authoritative teacher in religious truth?
Do I live in obedience to what I have heard from Him as my
teacher? 108

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Third Day: § 78. The Demoniac Boy
i. Upon the "high mountain apart" the disciples had a vision
of the spiritual; the first sight on returning to the plain must
have made them keenly conscious that they were still in the
world of need. They had left the other disciples for some
hours; to these had come, in the meantime, a trying experi
ence. Read Mt. vv. 14-16. What additional details does
Luke give in w. 37-40? Taking Luke's 37th verse with
§ 77, Lu. v. 32, determine the time of day of the transfigura
tion. Now read Mark's more complete and graphic picture
in w. 14-18. In view of the disciples' defeat, consider the
significance of the presence of ' 'scribes questioning with them. ' '
2. Though it has proved the scribes' opportunity with the dis
ciples, all is different when the Master comes. Read Mt. vv.
17, 18; Lu. vv. 41-43. "O faithless and perverse generation" :
consider the contrast "between the peace and glory which He
had left on the mountain, and this scene of weak faith, abject
misery, and bitter opposition— faltering disciples, degraded
sufferers, and wrangling scribes." Now read Mk. w. 19-27
for many additional details.
3. When sent forth on their first mission, the disciples were given
"authority over the unclean spirits" (§64, Mk. v. 7), and
had exercised it (§ 64, Mk. v. 13). Why the failure with
the demoniac boy? Read Mt. w. 19, 20. To what precisely
does Jesus here attribute the failure? But read now Mk. w.
28, 29. What reason does Jesus here give for the failure?
What relation does prayer bear to faith? What relation does
faith bear to prayer?
Personal Thoughts:
1. To the whole company: "O faithless and perverse genera
tion" ; to the father: ' 'All things are pdssible to him that
believeth"; to the disciples: "If ye have faith" . Have I
exercised that measure of faith toward God which has
brought from Him for myself, and through me for others, all
that God is willing to grant to faith?
2. "This kind can come out by nothing, save by prayer." Am
I limiting the casting of sin out of my own life, and my power
to reveal salvation from sin to others, by any lack of
prayer? 109

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Fourth Day: § 79. Christ again Foretells His Death and
Resurrection
§ 80. The Shekel in the Fish's Mouth
I. In connection with what event did Jesus first announce His
approaching death? What effect did it have upon His dis
ciples? With what general moral truth did Jesus follow this
announcement? When did Jesus make the second reference
to His death (§ 77, Mk. v. 9)? How did that affect those
who heard it (§ 77, Mk. v. 10)? In § 76, it is said that "he
began" ; in § 79, we shall find that He continues.
2. In § 79, read Mk. v. 30; then read Mt. v. 22 accepting,
rather, the translation of footnote". "He would not that any
man should know it" (Mk.): hence, perhaps, separation into
parties with a "gathering" later (Mt.). Read Mt. vv. 22,23.
What detail here, not given in § 76? "Were exceeding
sorry": think of what it would mean to them?
3. Ing 79, read Mk. vv. 31, 32; Lu. w. 43^45. "Let these
words sink into your ears": recall Peter's acts and words
when Jesus first told the disciples, for a realization of the
need for this admonition. "They were afraid to ask him":
contrast with this the effect when they were first told.
4. The great purposes of the withdrawals to the north had now
been accomplished. Hence we are prepared for the state
ment of § 80, Mk. 33a. Read § 80, Mt. v. 24. "The half-
shekel": paid annually by every Jew into the Temple treasury
(Exod. 30:13).
5. Now read the rest of § 80. "He saith, Yea": the ready
reply suggests that He had done so before. ' 'Therefore the
sons are free": cf. § 75, Mt. v. 16. The half-shekel was for
the services in the Temple of God.
PERSONAL THOUGHT:
"Lest we cause them to stumble." Do I always forego
every privilege to which I am justly entitled but which may
lead to a misapprehension of Christianity through me?
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Fifth Day: § 81. Discourse on humility and Forgiveness
(continued)
I. During the period of retirement in the north, the disciples
had learned some new and strange lessons concerning the
Kingdom of God (§§ 76, 79). Each must "lose his life."
Even the Master Himself must ' 'suffer many things. ' ' But
"they understood not." If they truly had, surely a spirit
would have been begotten within them which would have
made a later "reasoning among them" quite impossible.
Read the account of it in Lu. v. 46; Mt. v. 1; Mk. vv. 33,
34. "Greatest"!: in a Kingdom in which the fundamental law
is, "shall lose his life" (§ 76: Mt. v. 25; Mk. v. 35; Lu. v.
24) ! Had the disciples come to think of the Messianic king
dom as near at hand because of the saying recorded in § 76:
Mt. v. 28; Mk. 9:1; Lu. v. 27?
2. What place should they have sought? Patiently, Jesus will
again teach. Read Lu. w. 47, 48. Who is truly great?
Read Mt. vv. 2-5. Who is truly great (v. 4)? Read Mk.
vv. 35-37. Who then is truly great? Study together the
three expressions (Lu., Mt., Mk.) for Jesus' law of great
ness.
3. Jesus had just used the words "in my name" (Mt. v. 5; Mk.
v. 37; Lu. v. 48). They seem to have suddenly suggested a
question to John. Read Lu. vv. 49, 50; Mk. vv. 38-41.
"He that is not against us is for us": With this truth, com
pare that in § 55: Mt v. 30; Lu. v. 23. How are both true?
Personal Thoughts:
"Whosoever therefore shall humble himself" (Mt). Do I
strive for greatness in this way revealed by Jesus? "He that
is least" ( Lu. ). Is that the place which my own spirit gives
me? "He shall be last of all, and minister of all" (Mk. ).
Do I express my humility, and reveal the place which my
spirit assigns me, by a life oi practical ministry or service to
others? Ill

Studies in the Life of Christ

STUDY 15: THE TRANSFIGURATION AND THE FINAL
GALILEAN DISCOURSE

Sixth Day: § 81. Discourse on humility and forgiveness
(continued)
I. John had interrupted the discourse of Jesus with a question.
In teaching of true greatness, Jesus had used "a little child."
Now he passes away from the literal child, from "this little
child" (a type) to "these little ones which believe on me."
Read of them in Mk. v. 42; Mt. vv. 6, 7. "Little ones":
socially, intellectually, spiritually or otherwise -childlike
believers.
2. There is great guilt in causing lowly Christians to stumble;
but we may often become stumbling-blocks to ourselves.
Read Mt. vv. 8, 9; Mk. vv. 43-48. Thoughtfully consider
the great value of freedom from sin as taught by Jesus here.
3. Jesus has a solicitude for "these little ones." Perhaps it was
specially intensified at this time because of the disciples' treat
ment of certain of them (Lu. vv. 49, 50; Mk. vv. 38-41).
He returns to them again, for read Mt vv. 10-14. Had the
Twelve begun to believe themselves a select company, even
to the point of despising others? Recall the subject of their
dispute. "How think ye?": consider the beauty of this
parable, and of the truth which it reveals.
4. This discourse of Jesus had grown out of a dispute of the
disciples-a ' 'reasoning among them. ' ' Hence there was need
for the words of Mk. w. 49, 50.
Personal Thoughts:
1. Is my life free from all those things which may cause a weaker
Christian to stumble?
2. Is my hatred of personal sin so intense that I am willing to
sacrifice anything or everything for freedom from it?
3. Am I wholly free from all tendency to despise the weak ones
among Christians? 112

Studies in the Life of Christ

STUDY 15: THE TRANSFIGURATION AND THE FINAL
GALILEAN DISCOURSE

Seventh Day: §81. Discourse on Humility and Forgiveness
(concluded)
I. The "reasoning among them" may possibly have been car
ried so far that some alienation had resulted. That it was
more than a quiet controversy may appear from § 81, Mk.
v. 50. If so, there was now great need for the forgiving
spirit. Read Mt. w. 15-18. Consider the fulness and care
of the action Jesus here commends to avoid the continuance
of estrangement.
2. But this unity among Christians has a far deeper than merely
personal significance. Read Mt. vv. 19, 20. In the pres
ence of a truth like this, consider the attitude of the disciples
(§ 81, Mk. v. 34).
3. Jesus has just taught a great truth concerning forgiveness.
He has made high demands. But are there not limits
to the exercise of such a forgiving spirit? It comes as a
practical question to Peter. Read Mt. vv. 21, 22. Does
such unlimited forgiveness seem strangely at variance with the
natural spirit? It is because it is a law of the Kingdom of
God, for "the kingdom of heaven is likened unto"-read
Mt. vv. 23-35. I* *s but another instance in which the call
is- "Ye therefore shall be perfect, as your heavenly Father is
perfect" (§ 49, Mt. 548).
Personal thought:
Is there any person to whom I have not freely granted full
forgiveness for personal wrongs? Do I absolutely follow the
law of Jesus with reference to forgiveness?

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STUDY 16: A VISIT TO JERUSALEM AT THE FEAST OP
TABERNACLES

First day: § 82. Christ at the feast of tabernacles
(continued)
i. We study for a week in the Gospel of John. For the con
nection of events in that narrative, read successively §31,
Jo-; § 35, vv. 46, 54; § 44, vv. 1, 18; § 66, Jo. v. 1; § 82,
v. 1. Read § 44, v. 18 with § 82, v. 1. Where was Jesus
at the time of the last passover (§ 66, Jo. v. 4)? Read
§ 82, v. 2; "tabernacles" was six months after the passover;
where and how had Jesus spent the six months (§§ 70-81)?
2. Read vv. 3-9. "His brethren": they had before undertaken
to control Jesus (cf. §55, Mk. v. 21; §56, Mk. v. 31).
Mary had made a suggestion (§ 25). "Thy disciples also" :
cf. § 28, 2:23; § 29. The thought of "his brethren" in v. 4
is to the effect that Galilee is not the place to win a national
reputation; the Messianic question must be determined at
Jerusalem-the religious center, the home of those supposedly
better able to judge. With v. 6 compare § 25, v. 4.
3. Read w. 10-13. "Sought him " : in the groups of Galilean
pilgrims. "The multitudes": the different groups of
strangers.
4. Thoughtfully read w. 14-18. The Teaching of Jesus: What
impression did it make upon those who heard it (with v. 15,
cf- § 39 : Lu- v- 32> Mk. v. 22)? From whence did Jesus
derive His teaching (vv. 16, 18)? How may any person
know of a certainty whether or not Jesus taught that which
is true (v. 17)?
5. Jesus has just made a defence of His teaching in answer to
the objection made (v. ,15). But what of His conduct on
the last visit to Jerusalem (§44, v. 16)? His answer is in
§ 82, vv. 19-24, which now read. "The multitude answered" :
but they did not know the designs of the hierarchy, as did
those of Jerusalem (cf. v. 25). What precisely is the argu
ment that Jesus makes in vv. 22-24?
Personal thought:
"If any man willeth to do his will, he shall know." Do I
have any religious doubts or problems ? Have I taken this
method of Jesus by which to reach the solution of my
religious questionings? 114

Studies in the Life of Christ

STUDY 16: A VISIT TO JERUSALEM AT THE FEAST OF
TABERNACLES

Second day: § 82. Christ at the feast of tabernacles
(continued)
i. The multitudes of pilgrims to the feast may not know the
purpose of the Jewish rulers (v. 20). But it has become
known to some (v. 25). Read w. 25-27. "We know this
man": cf. § 36, v. 22; § 62: Mt. vv. 55, 56; Mk. v. 3. "No
one knoweth": a tradition or belief based, perhaps, upon
Dan. 7:13. Read w. 28-31. Contrast what they knew
of Jesus with what they wholly failed to understand of Him
(w. 28, 29). Study the varying thoughts of "the multi
tude" in w. 12, 20, 31. In general, what was their disposi
tion toward Him?
2. Always, however, there was another more powerful element
to be met. Read vv. 32-36. "Sent officers": what was
done in Galilee under somewhat similar circumstances (§ 55,
Mt. vv. 23, 24; § 61, vv. 33, 34)? "I go": cf. §§ 76, 79.
"The Dispersion": the Jews, that is, who were scattered
among the heathen Greek-speaking nations.
3. The records of John do not give all of the history (cf. § 151).
We pass to "the last day." Read vv. 37-39. "If any man
thirst": cf. §32, w. 13, 14; §49, Mt. 5:6; § 68, v. 35.
Again study the effect of Jesus' teaching upon ' ' the multi
tude," for which read now vv. 40-44. "The prophet" : cf.
§ 21, v. 21, and Deut. 18:15. "From Bethlehem": cf. Isa.
1 1:1; Jer. 23:5; Micah 5:2.
Personal thought:
"The Spirit, which they that believed on him were to
receive." Does my life give evidence that mine is a true faith
because it has brought this promised possession?
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STUDY 16: A VISIT TO JERUSALEM AT THE FEAST OF
TABERNACLES

Third Day: § 82. Christ at the feast of Tabernacles
(concluded)
§ 83. The woman taken in adultery
I. "There arose a division in the multitude because of him"
(§ 82, v. 43). But "the chief priests and Pharisees" were
almost unanimously against Him. Read § 82, v. 32 with
w. 45-52. "Never man so spake": cf. §82, v. 15; § 39:
Lu. v. 32; Mk. v. 22. "This multitude which knoweth not
the law": considered by the rulers as "a peopleof theearth."
Men were divided into "people of the earth" and "fellows,"
that is, educated men. In connection with Nicodemus* ques
tion, recall his previous relations to Jesus. What character
istics of the man are shown here? ' 'Out of Galilee" : Jonah,
Hosea, Nahum, and perhaps Elijah, Elisha and Amos were
of Galilee!
2. Thoughtfully read the whole of § 83. Study the map for the
relation of the mount of Olives to Jerusalem. "The scribes
and the Pharisees" : who had ever been opposed to Jesus.
"That they might have whereof to accuse him": "they hoped
to bring Him into collision either with the Law and the
Jewish rulers or with the Roman Government. If He said
she was not to be stoned, He contradicted Jewish Law; if He
said she was to be stoned, He ran counter to Roman Law,
for the Romans had deprived the Jews of the right to inflict
capital punishment" (cf. § 139, Jo. v. 31). "He that i9
without sin among you, let him first cast a stone at her" :
"the art of the answer of Jesus consists in bringing back the
question from the judicial domain, where His adversaries
were placing it, to the moral ground, beyond which Jesus
does not dream for a moment of extending His authority."
"Neither do I": though He fulfilled the condition of v. 7.
Contrast Jesus with the Jewish religious leaders (§§ 53, 83).
Personal thought:
" He that is without sin among you, let him first cast a stone
at her." Are my moral judgments upon myself more severe
than those made by me upon others?
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STUDY 16: A VISIT TO JERUSALEM AT THE FEAST OF
TABERNACLES

Fourth Day: § 84. Discourse on the light op thb world
I. Thoughtfully read w. 12-15. "I am the light of the world":
cf. § 49, Mt 5:14. How are both true? "The light of life" :
cf. § 1, v. 4. Compare § 84, v. 14 with § 44, v. 31. Thought
fully consider how both statements express that which is
the truth. "Ye know not" (v. 14) but "ye know" (§82,
v. 28); find the explanation in §84, v. 15. "I judge no
man": cf. § 130, v. 47.
2. Thoughtfully read w. 16-20. Study v. 16 with § 44, v. 30.
"In your law": cf. Deut 19:15; 17:6. In what ways had
the Father borne witness of Jesus? "If ye knew me, ye
would know my Father also": study the converse truth in
§ 68, v. 45.
3. Thoughtfully read w. 21-24. "Therefore again"; cf. §82,
vv- 33> 34- But what does Jesus add thi3 time? Compare
the supposition of v. 22 with § 82, v. 35. "I said therefore":
what is the force of "therefore" as used in v. 24?
4. Thoughtfully read w. 25-30. What does Jesus here affirm
as to the source of His teaching? With the latter part of
v. 28, make a study of § 44, vv. 19, 30. Thoughtfully and
reverently study v. 29 for the moral condition upon which
the communion of Jesus with the Father rested.
Personal Thoughts:
'T do always the things that are pleasing to him." Do I
always will to do in my life the things that are pleasing to
God? Are there any parts of my life where I choose rather
to do those things which please Self ? Is it of any avail to
be Christlike in part, but not like Him in the law of my life?
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STUDY 16: A VISIT TO JERUSALEM AT THE FEAST OP
TABERNACLES

Fifth Day: § 85. Discourse on Spiritual Freedom (continued)
i. In § 84 read v. 30. That is, they were disposed to acknowl
edge Jesus as the Messiah. But the belief is probably super
ficial (cf. § 28, vv. 23,24 and also v. 2; § 66, Jo. w. 14,15).
Jesus will test them by a deeper teaching (cf. § 28, v. 3;
§ 68, v. 27). In § 85 read vv. 31-37. Dwell thoughtfully
and at length upon the profound statement of Jesus in w.
31, 32, realizing especially the condition (cf. § 82, v. 17).
Give consideration to that which Jesus regards as the lowest
form of slavery (v. 34). The Stoics said, "The wise man
alone is free." "Abraham's seed": yet truly slaves to cer
tain beliefs and to sin!
2. Jesus has declared that they are not truly free. But are they
even truly Abraham's seed, as claimed? For the answer,
read vv. 38-40. State, in other words, the argument Jesus
here uses. What answer can they possibly make?
3. Jesus has spoken of sonship in a moral sense; the Jews now
raise it to that region. Read w. 41-45. For the relation
between true belief in God and faith in Jesus the Christ, study
v. 42 with § 84, v. 19; § 68, v. 45. To what precisely
does Jesus attribute the failure of the Jews to understand
Him? "There is no truth in him" (v. 44): contrast v. 32.
Give thought to the conception of "the devil" which Jesus
here presents.
Personal Thoughts:
"If ye abide in my word, then are ye truly my disciples;
and ye shall know the truth, and the truth shall make you
free." Do I fulfill that condition which Jesus expresses by
"abide in my word"? Is His word supreme above every
other word suggested to me from within or from without?
Have I the promised results in a knowledge of the truth?
Have I that freedom which Jesus says His truth will give?
"Every one that committeth sin is the bondservant of sin."
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STUDY 16: A VISIT TO JERUSALEM AT THE FEAST OF
TABERNACLES

Sixth Day : § 85. Discourse on Spiritual FREEDOM(concluded)
I. Whether or not the Jews should accept the teaching of
Jesus depends upon His character. Was His life the guar
antee for His words? He suggests such a test, for read v.
46. But the fault of the Jews was a fundamental one, for
read v. 47. They are not free (vv. 31-37); they are not
the children of Abraham ( w. 38-40) ; they are not the chil
dren of God (w. 41-47)— study the effect of these judgments
as in w. 48-50.
% The claims of the Jews based upon their historical descent
and their spiritual sonship have been met and set aside.
Jesus now turns to another thought, related, in some degree,
to that of v. 31. Read w. 51-59. With v. 51, study § 68,
w. 48-51, 58. "Whom makest thou thyself?" : apprehend
the spirit of Jesus by a thoughtful study of vv. 50a, 54.
Make a study, from the last clause of v. 55, of the relation of
Knowledge to Obedience.
3, Thoughtfully and reverently consider the profound truth
which Jesus reveals in w. 56-58. "Before Abraham was, I
am": read again with this in § 1, vv. 1, 2. Study the
result in v. 59. "In the face of this reply, there was indeed
nothing left to the Jews except to worship-or to stone him."
Personal thought:
"I seek not mine own glory." Have I likeness to Jesus in
this most vital characteristic of His spirit?

119

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STUDY 16: A VISIT TO JERUSALEM AT THE FEAST OF
TABERNACLES

SEVENTH DAY: §§ 82-85. REVIEW
I. Why did Jesus spend most of His ministry in Galilee? What
events occurred at the last visit to Jerusalem previous to the
Feast of Tabernacles? What object did the brethren of
Jesus have in urging that He attend this Feast?
2. The Teaching of Jesus: what general impression did it make
on His hearers? from whence did Jesus derive the truth
taught by Him? what method does Jesus urge by which to
know whether or not He spoke the truth?
3. How did Jesus answer the charge that He had been a Sab
bath-breaker on His previous visit to Jerusalem?
4. To what personal attitude of His toward God did Jesus
attribute the abiding presence of the Father with Him as
. Teacher and as Life?
5. What is the personal attitude toward Jesus which He requires
in order to a true discipleship, as set forth to the Jews at
this Feast?
6. In the mind of Jesus, what is the only possible relation
between belief in God and faith in Jesus as Christ?
7. To what did Jesus attribute the lack of spiritual perception
on the part of the Jews?
8. Study the progressive self-revelation of Jesus in § 82, w.
28, 29; § 84, v. 14; § 84, v. 23; §85, v. 58.
9. What are the several, great, outstanding truths which Jesus
taught about Himself during this visit to Jerusalem?
Personal Thoughts:
The law of the life of Jesus: "I do always the things that
are pleasing to him" (§ 84, v. 29); "I know him, and
keep his word" (§85, v. 55). The law of the life of the
Jews: "The lusts of your father it is your will to do" (§ 85,
v. 44). The law of true discipleship to Jesus: "If ye
abide in my word" (§ 85, v. 31); "If a man keep my word"
(§ 85, v. 51). Do I bear this relationship toward Jesus
which He bore toward the Father-the relationship of obedi
ence t 120

Studies in the Life of Christ
STUDY 17: THE FINAL JOURNEY FROM GALILEE TO
JERUSALEM

First Day: § 86. The Final Departure from Galilee
§ 87. The Mission of the Seventy (continued)
I. What events led to the cessation of the active ministry of
Jesus in Galilee (Study 12) ? What was the nature of His
ministry during the following six months (§§ 70-81)? After
the crisis at Capernaum He had withdrawn to the north.
There He had revealed that which was before Him (§§ 76,
79). From Capernaum He again beg* us a journey. This
time it is in another direction and with another end, for read
§ 86, Lu. v. 51. Matthew and Mark tell us more par
ticularly of the route, for read § 86: Mt. vv. 1, 2; Mk. v. 1.
He came into ' 'the borders of Judea' ' by way of Perea.
2. Jesus moves eastward to Perea along the southern border of
Galilee, for read § 86, Lu. vv. 52-56. "To make ready":
there was a company with Jesus. With v. 53, cf. § 32,
v. 9. " Another village " (v. 56): almost certainly Jewish.
Make a character study of James and John (vv. 54, 55).
Recall how they had been privileged (§§ 60, 77); study a
previous instance (§81, Mk. vv. 38-40) ; what spirit is
common to both instances? Was this wholly reprehensible?
3. The Aspirants for Discipleship: (1) Read § 86: Lu. vv.
57, 58; Mt. vv. 18-20. What was the fault in this man?
(2) Read § 86: Lu. vv. 59, 60; Mt. w. 21, 22. "Leave
the dead (spiritually, cf. Eph. 2:1; §44, vv. 24, 25) to
bury their own (physically) dead." What was lacking in this
man (cf. §64, Mt. 10:37)? (3) Read § 86, Lu. vv. 61, 62.
What was the weakness of this man? State carefully the
general truth taught by these several cases.
4. Concerning "The Mission of the Twelve" recall, (1) the
occasion, (2) the instructions, (3) the results. In § 87, read
Lu. vv. 1- 1 2. Compare "The Mission of the Seventy,"
point by point, with that of the Twelve. ;
Personal Thoughts:
1. "He stedfastly set his face to go to Jerusalem." Havel
the same unwavering movement in the life to which God
has called me ?
2. Have I the tolerant spirit of Jesus toward those who differ
from me in religious convictions and beliefs?
3. Is there anything conditional in my service of Christ ?
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STUDY 17: THE FINAL JOURNEY FROM GALILEE TO
JERUSALEM

Second Day: § 87. The Mission of the Seventy (concluded)
I. Thoughtfully study again the judgment of Jesus upon those
cities which do not receive His messengers (§ 87, Lu. v.
12). But there were some cities upon which judgment was
already definitely passed, for Jesus had just concluded His Gali
lean ministry. Read Mt. vv. 20-24; Lu. vv. 13-15. "Chora
zin' ' : not mentioned elsewhere in the N. T. ; about two
miles from Capernaum; now known as Kerazeh; see map.
"Capernaum" : recall how this had been the very center
of Jesus' activities. "Sodom": cf. Ezek. 16:48. For the
principle within these judgments, read§ 95, vv. 47, 48.
%. These words must have impressed the Seventy with the vast
importance of their mission. There is a grandeur belonging
to it, of which He now speaks. Read Lu. v. 16. So it was
with the Twelve, for cf. § 64, Mt. 10:40.
3. Recall the circumstances of the return of the Twelve (§ 66,
Mk. vv. 30, 31 ). Now read of that of the Seventy in Lu.
vv. 17-20. "Satan fallen": cf. Isa. 14:12-15; § 134, Jo.
16:71; § 129, v. 31. Dwell thoughtfully upon v. 20.
4. The joy of the disciples becomes the joy of Jesus. In the
success of their mission He foresaw the Kingdom of God
established upon earth-He "beheld Satan fallen. " And this
by fishermen, publicans and rustics, without the support of
the learned and powerful of Jerusalem. Hence the exultant
joy, of which read in Lu. vv. 21, 22; Mt. w. 25-27.
5. Deep as was the disciples' appreciation of Jesus, they but
imperfectly apprehended the significance of His appearance.
In this hour of great joy, Jesus reminds them of their
privileges, for read Lu. w. 23, 24.
6. Jesus had just spoken of ' 'he to whomsoever the Son willeth
to reveal him." Does this suggest that there are some to
whom He is unwilling to make His gift? Find the answer in
the invitation of Mt. vv. 28-30. For the contrast, cf. § 127,
Mt. v. 4; Acts 15:10.
Personal thought:
' 'Thou didst hide these things from the wise and understand
ing, and didst reveal them unto babes." Am I free from
all pride of knowledge? Am I possessed by that simplicity
of heart which above all things else wishes to know the truth?
122

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STUDY 17: THE FINAL JOURNEY FROM GALILEE TO
JERUSALEM

Third Day: §88. The Good Samaritan
§ 89. The Visit to Martha and Mary
i. Jesus slowly continues the journey He has begun, working
and teaching "in the way." Read § 88, v. 25. "Lawyer" :
an expounder of the Law of Moses, differing little, if any,
from the scribe. "Tempted him": as to His theological
ability, or His orthodoxy. The very mission of the lawyer's
life was to answer the question he had asked, hence the reply
of Jesus in v. 26, which read. Read the scribe's answer in
v. 27; then read Deut. 6:5 with Levit 19:18. The Jews were
required to repeat the passage in Deuteronomy every morn
ing and evening. Thoughtfully consider the statement of
Jesus in v. 28. Think carefully of how much is compre
hended within these laws, (1) toward God, (2) toward man.
Hence, the. "this do, and thou shalt live" of Jesus.
2. The lawyer was not sincere. He wishes to discuss defini
tions of terms. He will take advantage of the obscurity of
the letter of the law. Read his question and Jesus' wonder
fully beautiful reply in vv. 29-37. "From Jerusalem to
Jericho": "a rocky, dangerous gorge, haunted by maraud
ing Bedawin, and known as 'the bloody way'." "A cer
tain priest' ' : who may be conceived of as returning from his
official duties at Jerusalem to the priestly city of Jericho ! ' 'A
certain Samaritan' ' : much despised by the Jews.
3. What precisely is the answer of Jesus to the question, "Who
is my neighbour?' '
4. The journey toward Jerusalem is continued. Jesus is draw
ing nearer to that city, for read § 89, v. 38, refer to § 105,
v. 1, and to the map. Read the rest of § 89. Dwell thought
fully upon the exquisite scene Luke has here preserved.
5. "But one thing is needful" : to what does Jesus refer?
Personal Thoughts:
1. "Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and
with all thy soul, and with all thy strength, and with all
thy mind; and thy neighbour as thyself." Have I given
over all of all of myself to God? Do I love all others as
much as myself?
2. "But one thing is needful." Have I learned this secret of
the truly Christian life? 123

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STUDY 17: THE FINAL JOURNEY FROM GALILEE TO
JERUSALEM

Fourth Day: §90. HealingoftheMan Born Blind (continued)
I. Jesus has now arrived at Jerusalem. It was the time of
another feast (cf. § 92, v. 22). About three months have
passed since the Feast of Tabernacles (§§ 82-85). In about
three months more He will go up to His last Passover-to
His death. The scene (§ 90) is probably at a door of the
temple (cf. Acts 3:2).
2. Read vv. 1-5. Study how Jesus here avoids the purely
speculative, and finds the conditions an occasion for definite
action. "The night cometh": cf. §§ 76, 79; § 82, v. 33;
§ 84, v. 21.
3. How the man had come to this condition was not the ques
tion of primary concern. How was he to be made whole?
Read vv. 6, 7. "The pool of Siloam" : "the pool, which still
retains its old name, Birket Silwan, is one of the few undisputed
sites at Jerusalem. It lies at the foot of the Tyropceon Val
ley, south of the temple."
4. The general effect: read vv. 8-12. The question of v. 12
marks an intention to investigate. We discover here that
diversity of judgment which was found in "the multitudes"
at the Feast of Tabernacles.
5. Final investigation and judgment is reserved for "the Phari-
sees"-the guardians of religion. Read vv. 13-17. In con
nection with the statement of v. 14, recall that act of Jesus on
a previous visit (§44, v. 8), the immediate result (§ 44, v.
16), the later references to it (§ 82, vv. 23, 19, 25; § 85,
vv. 37, 40). "There was a division among them": as here
with "the Pharisees", so with "the multitudes" (§ 82, v.
43), and later with "the Jews" (§ 91, v. 19).
6. The Jews suspect collusion between Jesus and the blind man.
Read vv. 18-23. "The Jews had already agreed": and had
thus gone farther than in § 82, v. 32.
Personal thought;
' 'Who did sin, this man, or his parents, that he should be
born blind?" Do I engage myself with speculation about
causes, to the neglect, in any degree, of practical, beneficent,
effective activities on behalf of the kingdom of God?
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STUDY 17: THE FINAL JOURNEY FROM GALILEE TO
JERUSALEM

Fifth Day: § 90. Healing of the man Born Blind (concluded)
I. The Jews found that they could no longer question the fact;
they seek, therefore, to put a new construction upon it.
Again read what the man had said of Jesus in v. 17. Now
read, in v. 24, what they would have him say. Study the
suggestive answer of the man in v. 25. His answer is forci
ble, so they return to the fact, v. 26. The man recognizes
their insincerity, and becomes bolder, v. 27. They announce
their definite choice, w. 28, 29. Thoughtfully study the
sound reasoning of the man in vv. 30-33. They are made
desperate by his logic, vv. 33, 34. Here they at once inter
pret and apply the question of the disciples (cf. v. 2).
2. The fact is indisputable; the investigation but confirms it;
what, we may ask, is the moral result? Read vv. 35-38. So
the event leads to ' 'the beginning (in Jerusalem) of a new
Society distinct from the dominant Judaism."
3. There was, however, another side to the moral result. Read
vv. 39-41. With v. 39, read § 87, Lu. v. 21. "Ye say,
¦we see" : cf. vv. 24, 29— "know".
4. Compare this event at "the feast of the dedication" with
that at "a feast of the Jews", by now reading § 44, vv. 1-18.
In each instance, what was the main point of their opposi
tion to Jesus? How did Jesus meet this objection (§ 82, vv.
21-24; §§ 45> 4^)? For His general statement, read § 46,
Mt. v. 12.
Personal thought:
"One thing I know, that whereas I was blind, now I see."
Have I any such definite experience in the spiritual life?
Jesus came "that they which see not (spiritually) may see"-
Has He thus come to me? 126

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STUDY 17: THE FINAL JOURNEY FROM GALILEE TO
JERUSALEM

Sixth Day: §91. The Good Shepherd
i. The Pharisees had asked Jesus, "Are we also blind?" (§ 90,
v. 40). He did not answer them directly but implicitly
(§9°. v- 41)- He had once before spoken of their blind
ness (cf. § 69, Mt. vv. 12-14). The most deplorable side of
the truth was that they were blind leaders or shepherds,
through whom others "fall into a pit." There is, however,
the true "shepherd of the sheep" (§ 91 ).
2. "This parable spake Jesus unto them": (§ 91, v. 6). With
out endeavoring to determine the interpretation or application
of the parable at any point, read carefully vv. 1-6. "The
Oriental sheepfolds are commonly walled or palisaded, with
one door or gate. Into one of these enclosures several shep
herds drive their flocks, leaving them in charge of an under-
shepherd or porter, who fastens the door securely inside, and
remains with the sheep all night."
3. "They understood not" (v. 6); "Jesus therefore said" (v.7).
That we may understand "this parable" (vv. 1-5), let us
take the interpretation which is now given by Jesus: (1) "I
am the door" (vv. 7, 9); (2) "I am the good shepherd"
(vv. 11, 14).
(1) "I am the door": Read vv. 7-10. "Door of the
sheep" : not of the fold, for it concerns life. "All that came
before me": refers to those who now "are thieves and rob-
bers"-the present teachers of Israel. Dwell much upon
Jesus' mission as stated in v. 10.
(2) "I am the good shepherd": Read vv. 11-13. Study
the vital thought of these verses as in v. 11, second clause.
Thoughtfully read vv. 14-16. Dwell much upon these beau
tiful, figurative statements of the relation of Christ to His dis
ciples. Consider the significant statement in v. 16 (cf. § 50,
Mt. v. n). "I lay down my life for the sheep" : for some
conception of the significance of that act, read vv. 17, 18.
4. The acts and words of Jesus are always divisive. For the
effect of this discourse, read vv. 19-21.
Personal thought:
"I came that they may have life, and may have it abun
dantly." Has this mission of Christ been fulfilled within me?
Have I fulfilled the condition (cf. § 68, v. 53)?
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STUDY 17: THE FINAL JOURNEY FROM GALILEE TO
JERUSALEM

Seventh Day: § 92. Christ at the Feast of dedication
i. The Feast of Dedication took place toward the end of Decem
ber. Read the historical statement in vv. 22, 23, referring
especially to footnote 10. Now study w. 24, 25. "I told
you" : in what ways had Jesus told them? What would have
resulted had He told them "plainly" (cf. §138, Mk. vv.
61-64)?
2. But it is not because the Jews lack witness; power of appre
hension is wanting. He had said "mine own know me"
(§ 91, v. 14); He returns to that thought. Read vv. 26-30.
Thoughtfully dwell upon the magnitude of Christ's gift to
His disciples as expressed in v. 28 (cf. § 91, v. 10, last
clause). Consider that most significant and pregnant state
ment of v. 30.
3. The Jews are opposed to the claim of v. 30. Read vv. 31-39.
With v. 33, compare § 44, w. 17, 18. "In your law":
Psalm 82:6. Make a special, thoughtful study of Jesus'
answer to the charge of blasphemy (vv. 34-36). What is
the position here taken by Jesus ? But there is other witness
than this scriptural truth; Jesus returns again to it; properly
apprehended it will lead to the same belief-"I in the Father"
(vv. 37, 38). But all is of no avail (v. 39).
4. Study the historical note with which § 92 closes-vv. 40-42.
Personal thought
"Ye believe not, because ya are not of my sheep . . .
they follow" '. Have I that ceaseless following of Christ, that
unswerving obedience to Him through which certain knowl
edge and consequent firm belief comes?
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STUDY 18: THE MINISTRY OF JESUS BEYOND JORDAN

FIRST DAY: §93. DISCOURSE ON PRAYER
§ 94. WOES AGAINST THE PHARISEES, UTTERED AT A
PHARISEE'S TABLE
I. "They sought again to take him" at Jerusalem (§ 92, v. 39).
This determined His removal ' 'away again beyond Jordan' '
(§ 92, v. 40). In this Study we follow Him in that ministry
in Perea. Again read John's general statement of that
sojourn, in § 92, vv. 40-42.
2, They had gone to "the place where John was." Hence,
perhaps, the request, of which read in § 93, v. 1— "even as
John." "He was praying": consider this additional revela
tion of the prayer-life of Jesus.
3. The Disciples' Prayer: Read § 93, vv. 2-4. Compare this
closely with that given in the Sermon on the Mount
Thoughtfully consider the meaning of each separate request
in the prayer. How many for self? for the cause of God?
Which have priority?
4. This request from the disciple leads Jesus to teach not only
the objects (vv. 2-4), but also some phases of the spirit of
prayer. Read § 93, w. 5-10. What truth about prayer
does Jesus reveal by this parable (w. 5-8), and its applica
tion (vv. 9, 10)?
5. If "importunity" availeth with "a friend,"how much more with
"a father". Read § 93, w. 11- 13. Dwell thoughtfully
upon the specific gift which the "heavenly Father" gives.
6. Jesus has, to the present, generally met Pharisaic accusations
with a reply simply to the point at issue. Their opposition
grows more intense (§ 82, vv. 1, 25, 30, 32, 52; § 92, vv.
31, 39). His denunciations now become more general and
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STUDY 18: THE MINISTRY OF JESUS BEYOND JORDAN

First day: § 93. Discourse on prayer
§ 94. Woes against the Pharisees, uttered at a
pharisee's table
severe ( § 94). For the historical situation read § 94, vv. 37,
38 (cf- § 53. v. 36; § 69, Mk. vv. 3, 4). For Jesus' reply,
read vv. 39-41 (cf. § 69, Mk. w. 14, 15).
7. From the woes of Jesus in § 94, vv. 42-44, gather informa
tion concerning the Pharisaic practices and spirit.
8. Make a study of the lawyers or scribes of Jesus' day by
thoughtfully reading § 94, vv. 45-52.
9. Study the effect of these strong, denunciatory words of Jesus,
as given in § 94, vv. 53, 54. "These verses describe a scene
of violence, perhaps unique in the life of Jesus."
Personal Thoughts:
1. "Forgive us our sins; for we ourselves also forgive." Would
I have full forgiveness from God if forgiven as I have for
given all others (cf. § 81, Mt. v. 35)?
2. "Ask . . . seek . . . knock." Have I that "importunity"
in prayer which Jesus commends?
3. "The Holy Spirit to them that ask him." Have I sought
this supreme gift?

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STUDY 18: THE MINISTRY OF JESUS BEYOND JORDAN

SECOND DAY: § 95. WARNING AGAINST THE SPIRIT OF PHARISA
ISM (continued)
I. In Perea as in Galilee, it is successively ''the scribes and the
Pharisees," "the multitude," "his disciples." He had just
dealt with "the scribes and the Pharisees" (§94). Now
r=ad § 95, v. 1. "The scribes and the Pharisees" "press
upon him vehemently;" "the multitude" is wavering; in
"his disciples" is all hope for the future. Hence His words
of warning and encouragement to them.
2. Jesus unto His disciples: (1) Be boldly sincere,-read vv.
1-3. (2) This bold sincerity may lead into danger (cf.
§ 94, v. 49) ; their success is certain (vv. 1-3) ; but what of
their personal future?-read vv. 4-7. Bold and sincere con
fession may lead even to death, but it has its magnificent
recompense,— read vv. 8,9. There is a worse sin than deny
ing Christ before men, -read v. 10— that of the Pharisees.
That Spirit blasphemed by the disciples' adversaries will
be their source of wisdom and power, -read vv. 11, 12.
3. Jesus' discourse to His disciples is interrupted, -read w. 13,
14. But He takes advantage of the providential circum
stance to speak to "the multitude" on a theme suggested
by the request, -read v. 15. Study the beautiful and impres
sive parable, -vv. 16-20; and its application,— v. 21.
4. Not only for ' 'the multitude' ' but for ' 'his disciples' ' also,
this incident, evidencing covetousness, suggests deep truths.
Of these, Jesus now speaks. Read vv. 22-31. . Determine
upon an exact statement of what Jesus here teaches.
5. Jesus has taught that there is but one thing to earnestly
seek. May that be certainly had?-read v. 32. Consider
the tenderness of Jesus in "little flock" (v. 32), "my
friends" (v. 4). What, however, is the law when riches
are already possessed?-read vv. 33, 34.
PERSONAL THOUGHTS:
1. "Seek ye his kingdom." Is this the one, supreme purpose
and passion of my life ? Does it so possess me as to exclude
"all covetousness" ?
2. "Be not anxious." Is my life wholly free from all forms of
anxious thought? Have I fulfilled God's conditions for
such quiet confidence? 130

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STUDY 18: THE MINISTRY OF JESUS BEYOND JORDAN

THIRD DAY: §95. WARNING AGAINST THE SPIRIT OF PHARISA
ISM (concluded)
I. Jesus had made references to His approaching death and
resurrection both in Galilee (§§ 76, 77, 79), and in Jerusalem
(§ 82, vv. 33, 34; § 84, v. 21; § 91, vv. 11, 15, 17, 18).
He had not taught as yet concerning His return. In the
presence of the violent opposition, which is now becoming
more and more intense (cf. § 94, vv. 53, 54), He is moved
to speak to His disciples of a future which calls for a constant
present attitude. Read vv. 35-40. Find the central truth
of the paragraph in v. 40, and thoughtfully consider it. What
can be determined from this paragraph as to the time of Jesus'
return?
2. The magnificence of the promise (v. 37) seems to have
impressed Peter, for read v. 41. Was it for the Twelve, or
for the disciples? Jesus answers indirectly by a question and
another parable. Read vv. 42-48. What are the truths
taught here by Jesus?
3. The bitter and relentless opposition of "the scribes and the
Pharisees" (§ 94), the restless spirit of "the multitude,"
awakened deep emotions in the spirit of Jesus. He gives
expression to His consciousness of that for which He has
come. Read vv. 49-53. "Two humanities will henceforth
be in conflict within the bosom of every nation, under every
roof: this thought profoundly moves the heart of the Prince
of peace." "I have a baptism to be baptized with; and how
am I straitened till it be accomplished" (cf. § 114, Mk; v.
38): a revelation of the inmost feelings of Jesus, of which
there is a later indication in § 129, v. 27, and which is
expressed in all its intensity in Gethsemane.
4. The vision of the future which Jesus has just given has a
basis in present fact. What of the preaching of John? What
of the works and words of Jesus? Do not these point to a new
time? Read vv. 54-56. Reconciliation is wisely made with
a wronged fellowman before judgment is reached,-read vv.
57-59. Why not act thus with relation to God?
Personal thought:
"That servant which knew his lord's will, and made not
ready, nor did according to his will." Am I certain that/
am not included within this description?
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STUDY 18: THE MINISTRY OF JESUS BEYOND JORDAN

FOURTH DAY: § 96. THE GALILEANS SLAIN BY PILATE
§ 97. THE WOMAN HEALED ON A SABBATH .
I. It was a common Jewish supposition that individual misfor
tune could only be the consequence of individual crime (cf.
§ 90, w. 1, 2). Read §96, vv. 1-3. The crime probably
occurred at some Passover outbreak. At one Passover
"during the sacrifices" 3,000 Jews had been massacred "like
victims' ' and ' 'the Temple courts filled with dead bodies. ' '
1° § 95> vv- 54"59 Jesus had taught the urgency of conver
sion; here He teaches the necessity for it.
2. To enforce the truth, He uses another historic event. Read
vv. 4, 5. "Siloam" : cf. § 90, vv. 6, 7. It is conjectured that
the death of these workmen was connected with the notion
of punishment because they were engaged in building the
aqueduct to the Pool of Siloam, for the construction of which
Pilate had seized some of the sacred treasure of the Temple.
3. The truths taught by these incidents Jesus now enforces by a
parable. Read vv. 6-9. It is another statement of w. 3, 5.
4. As often in Galilee in the past, so now in Perea, ' 'he entered,
as his custom was, into the synagogue on the sabbath day."
Read § 97, vv. 10-17. Recall similar conflicts both in
Galilee (§ 46) and at Jerusalem (§§ 44, 90), and consider
the differences, ( 1 ) in the contents of Jesus' reply to the
charges, (2) in the position taken (a) by the religious
leaders, (b) by the people. "In all the spirit was the same.
Although the differences between them may seem slight, they
are characteristic, and mark, as if they pointed with the fin
ger, the locality and circumstances in which each took place."
5. This marvelous deed of Jesus, which so affects the multitude,
leads Him to describe the power of the kingdom of God. Read
vv. 18-21. ' 'The kingdom of God has two kinds of power : the
power of extension, by which it gradually embraces all nations
(vv. 18, 19); the power of transformation, by which it grad
ually regenerates the whole of human life" (vv. 20, 21).
Personal thought:
"He came seeking fruit thereon, and found none." Have
I brought forth fruits worthy of repentance? Have I so
sought the kingdom of God that it has truly proven a power
for transformation within me? a power in extension to others
through me? 132

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STUDY 18: THE MINISTRY OF JESUS BEYOND JORDAN

Fifth Day-. §98. The Question whether few are saved
§ 99. Reply to the warning against Herod
I. Study in § 86, Lu. v. 51, the supreme purpose of Jesus in His
final departure from Galilee. He had made a brief visit to
Jerusalem (§§ 90-92), only to pass away again for a time of
ministry in Perea. But His final purpose remains unchanged,
for read § 98, v. 22.
2. The disciples had asked Jesus a speculative question (§ 90,
v. 2) to which He had returned a practical answer (§ 90,
v. 3). Again there comes a speculative questioner, -read
§ 98, v. 23. Now thoughtfully study the answer of Jesus
inv. 24-practical, direct, personal (cf. §49, Mt. 7:13, 14).
The emphasis is on ' 'the narrow door' ' ; the ' 'many' ' are not
"able" because of the other doors.
3. Of some of the other doors Jesus now speaks: (1) External
religious advantages, -read vv. 25-27. The judgment is
based on the reality-"all ye workers of iniquity." (2)
Religious descent,-read v. 28. Again, the judgment is
based on the reality-"If ye were Abraham's children, ye
would do the works of Abraham (§85, v. 39). (3) Salva
tion as Jews, -read vv. 29, 30. "First which shall be last"-
Jews. "Last which shall be first" -Gentiles. It is all
a question of "the -narrow door," not the magnificent,
national gateway of a glorious, expected Messiah.
4. Study v. 29, with §so,Mt v. ti, for Jesus' prophetic vision
of the future of the Kingdom of God.
5. Herod had beheaded John the Baptist, but it was at the insti
gation of his wife. He had wished to see Jesus (§ 65); but
not necessarily to harm him. Perea was his territory; the
Pharisees wished Jesus in Judea; they may have intrigued
with Herod. In § 99 read vv. 31, 32. Yet the Pharisees
have the assurance that their ends will be accomplished, for
readv. 33. Study the spirit of Jesus inv. 34. From v. 35
learn the state to which the Jews have come (cf. Psalm
118:26). The coming, tragic event at Jerusalem now casts
its shadow over all.
Personal thoughts:
"Strive to enter in by the narrow door". Have I so
entered? What is that door? Jesus' answer: § 49, Mt. 7:
13, 14 with 21. Have I so entered?
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STUDY 18: THE MINISTRY OF JESUS BEYOND JORDAN

Sixth Day: § 100. Discourse at a chief Pharisee's table
i. Though the Pharisees were the deadly enemies of Jesus, He
had been invited at times to take meals with them ( § 53, v.
36; § 94, v. 37). These invitations were mere plots, or, at
best, occasions for severe criticism. Their purpose is even
more evident in an occasion of which we are now told. Read
§ 100, v. 1. The host was a leader in his sect. Their trap
is revealed by v. 2. In the presence of this man, Jesus recog
nizes their question; read His answer in v. 3. Study Jesus'
answer to His own question as given in vv. 4-6. Study the
attitude of the scribes and Pharisees (vv. 4, 6)-yet they were
the great religious authorities of Judaism.
2. The guests now seat themselves at the table. Study the
scene,-v. 7; then, the beautiful parable, -vv. 8-10. Dwell
thoughtfully upon the great moral truth taught by the para-
ble,-v. 11.
3. "The company is seated. Jesus, observing that the guests
in general belonged to the upper classes of society, addresses
to His host a lesson." Read vv. 12-14. What is the lesson
which Jesus here teaches?
4. Jesus had made reference to the recompense which comes to the
truly charitable "in the resurrection of the just." It awakens
reflections in one of the guests, -read v. 15. All Jews held
it to be almost inconceivable that any circumcised son of
Abraham should be excluded. In vv. 16-24, study the
parable by which Jesus reveals the truth with reference to the
place of Jew and Gentile in the Kingdom of God.
Personal Thoughts:
"Every one that exalteth himself shall be humbled; and he
that humbleth himself shall be exalted." Is my life charac
terized by the sincere humility which Jesus commends? Do
I seek recognition, and position, and power?
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STUDY 18: THE MINISTRY OF JESUS BEYOND JORDAN

Seventh day: § 101. Discourse on counting the Cost
i . As Jesus ' 'went on his way, " "j ourneying on unto Jerusalem' '
he was followed by "great multitudes" (first clause of §
101, v. 25). He recognizes that this is the result of a mis
understanding. The Gospel, rightly apprehended, will not
be the concern of the multitude. He speaks now, that this
false situation may be revealed.
2. For Jesus' first statement of the real requirement for true
discipleship read vv. 25, 26. He had taught this stern but
fundamental truth to the Twelve' as they entered upon their
first mission (cf. § 64, Mt. 10:37).
3. Jesus expresses His central revelations in varied form. Study
the condition of discipleship as otherwise stated,-v. 27. So
He had previously taught the Twelve (§ 64, Mt. 10: 38). It
was the same law that governed His own life (§76).
4. In two beautiful parables He graciously advises that these of the
enthusiastic multitude should calmly ' 'count the cost. ' ' Study
the first parable, -vv. 28-30. But He would emphasize the
advice, for read vv. 31, 32. "Jesus drew these precepts
from His own experience. He had made His reckoning in
the wilderness with, the prince of this world, and with life,
before beginning His work publicly."
5. Do these parables suggest that we ask once again, what is
the cost? For Jesus' answer, thoughtfully read v. 33.
6. A reserved attitude toward the gospel is a less critical posi
tion than an open profession followed by declension. Study
Jesus' statement of this truth in vv. 34, 35.
Personal thought:
"So therefore whosoever he be of you that renounceth not all
that he hath, he cannot be my disciple." Judged closely by
this standard given by Jesus the Christ am I one of His
disciples? 135

Studies in the Life of Christ

STUDY 19: INTO JUDEA AGAIN AND THE WITHDRAWAL
TO EPHRA1M

First Day: § 102. Three Parables of Grace (continued)
I. Jesus had "stedfastly set his face to go to Jerusalem" (§ 86,
Lu. v. 51). He made a brief visit (§§ 90-92), and then
"went away again beyond Jordan" (§ 92, v. 40). But His
purpose remained unchanged, for "the days were well-nigh
come that he should be received up." So, in Perea, "he
went on his way through cities and villages, teaching, and
journeying on unto Jerusalem" (§ 98, v. 22). Presently
He will go "into Judea again" for a brief visit (§ 105, v. 7).
In the meantime, we follow Him in the continuation of His
ministry "beyond Jordan" (§§ 102-104).
2. For one of the serious charges brought against Jesus by the
religious leaders early in His Galilean ministry, study again
§ 42, Mk. vv. 15, 16. The Pharisees considered that even
the touch of such as these was unclean (cf. § 53, v. 39).
But Jesus had different standards of purity. These find
expression even now in Perea. Read § 102, w. 1, 2. "The
most desolate and broken soul cannot desire any better
account of the Saviour's work." Thoughtfully dwell upon
the conditions which these verses reveal.
3. That the three parables by which Jesus makes answer to this
charge may be rightly understood and fully appreciated,
have constantly in mind the occasion of them (vv. 1,2).
Now read the first parable, in vv. 3-7. Dwell with special
thought upon v. 7. "Righteous persons": such as "the
Pharisees and the scribes" supposed themselves (cf. § 109,
v. 9). With this verse (v. 7), study § 42: Mk. v. 17; Mt.
vv. 12, 13. Jesus uses the description with a grave and holy
irony.
4. Jesus had revealed a great truth concerning the relation of
God to men by the parable just spoken. It must have come
as a new and strange message to His hearers. He will,
therefore, repeat the truth in a new form. Read vv. 8-10.
Personal thought:
Which is the deeper, my dislike for personal contact with
gross sinners, or my hatred of the least taint of sin in my
own life? 136

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STUDY 19: INTO JUDEA AGAIN AND THE WITHDRAWAL
TO EPHRAIM

Second Day: § 102. Three Parables of Grace (concluded)
I. Jesus had answered the charge of "the Pharisees and the
scribes" in two beautiful and forceful parables. "But those
two images, borrowed from the animal and inanimate world,
remain too far beneath their object. They do not furnish
Jesus with the means of displaying the full riches of feeling
which filled the heart of God toward the sinner, nor of unveil
ing the sinner's inner history in the drama of conversion. "
For that, he needed an image borrowed from the sphere of
human life.
2. "A certain man had two sons": concerning the younger (w.
1 1-24); concerning the elder (vv. 25-32. )
Of the younger son :-( 1 ) Sin: read vv. 11- 13. (2) Misery:
read vv. 14-16- "On that hard Roman world, disgust
And secret loathing fell;
Deep weariness and sated lust
Made human life a hell."
(3) Penitence: read vv. i7>2oa. (4) Pardon: read w.
2ob-24.
Of the elder son:-(i) With the servant: read vv. 25.28a.
(2) With his father: read vv. 28b-32.
3. "A certain man had two sons" : (1) the younger- "all the
publicans and sinners were drawing near unto him"; (2) the
elder-"the Pharisees and the scribes murmured." Thus
Jesus returns, by the latter part of the third parable, to the
historical situation (vv. 1, 2). "Here Jesus stops: He does
not say what part the elder son took. It lay with the Phari
sees themselves, by the conduct which 4hey would adopt, to
decide this question and finish the narrative."
4. What are the principal truths concerning the relation of God
to men taught by Jesus in these three parables?
Personal Thoughts:
"I have sinned . . . make me as one of thy hired servants. "
Does that express the spirit in which I approach God? Do I
manifest that spirit by the completeness of my service of
Him? Is my service so undivided 'that it has brought me out
of the spirit of servitude into the fellowship of sonship?
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STUDY 19: INTO JUDEA AGAIN AND THE WITHDRAWAL
TO EPHRAIM

Third Day: § 103. Two Parables of Warning (continued)
i . The publicans of Palestine were wealthy as a class, for they
had almost unlimited opportunities for extortion (cf. § 18,
Lu. vv. 12, 13). Matthew was one of them (cf. § 42, Lu.
v. 2g-"a great feast"). Probably many others had but
lately become the permanent followers of Jesus (cf. § 102,
vv. 1,2). Their attachment to Jesus had given the occasion for
the parables just addressed to "the Pharisees and the scribes"
(§ 102). What now will Jesus' message be to these wealthy
disciples concerning the disposition of their accumulated
riches? He speaks again in parables (§ 103).
2. Thoughtfully read § 103, vv. 1-9. "His lord commended the
unrighteous steward because he had done wisely": that is, the
landlord felt compelled to admire, as clever, the knavish trick
by which the steward had gained his ends. There was no
moral commendation. "The mammon of unrighteousness" :
that is, wealth, for its abuse is more common than its right
use (cf. 1 Tim. 6:10).
3. For an understanding of Jesus' application of the parable,
thoughtfully study v. 9, and with it carefully consider § 49,
Mt. 6:19-21; § 95, v. 21 and vv. 33, 34; § 131, Mt. 25:
34-40; 1 Tim. 6:17-19.
4. The use made of wealth has moral values in itself, but it is
primarily significant because of the principle of life which
it exhibits. It is determinative of other gifts from God, -read
vv. 10-12. It is an expression of the princ iple which governs
the life,— read v. 13-the principle of an undivided service of
God.
Personal Thoughts:
1. "No servant can serve two masters." Am I attempting to
do this? Do I love money? Does Jesus Christ have the abso
lute mastery in my life?
2. ' 'If therefore ye have not been faithful in the unrighteous mam
mon, who will commit to your trust the true riches?" Do I
seek and expect spiritual gifts from God for my life and my
work, while I am selfish in the acquirement and disposal of
my material Dossessions? 138

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STUDY 19: INTO JUDEA AGAIN AND THE WITHDRAWAL
TO EPHRAIM

Fourth Day: § 103. Two Parables of Warning (concluded)
I. The three parables of grace (§ 102) had been spoken to
the Pharisees and the scribes, but were heard by the dis
ciples also; the parable of warning (§ 103) had been spoken
to the disciples, but in the presence of Jesus' enemies. To
the disciples, the truth about riches would come as a helpful,
though perhaps trying, demand. But what of the other
hearers? Read § 103, vv. 14, 15. "Lovers of money":
cf. § 127, Mk..v. 40. "Scoffed": that one in His poverty
should speak authoritatively on riches! But God has a dif
ferent standard (v. 15).
2. The Pharisees were irritated by the spiritual sense in which
Jesus understood the law. Thoughtfully read v. 16. To
the religious aristocracy which they had succeeded in found
ing there follows a kingdom of God equally open to all (cf.
§ 102, v. 2). Read v. 17. Yet it is not the law but the
Pharisaic system which is to fall. Read v. 18. Any modi
fication will be in the direction of greater severity.
3. Jesus now returns to that pronounced sin of the Pharisees
("lovers of money") which had led them to scoff at His
teaching about riches. In a parable, He reveals some truths
concerning the outcome of this spirit of covetousness.
Make a thoughtful study of the parable, as given in vv.
19-31. "Every social contrast between the more and the
less, either in respect of fortune or strength, or acquirement,
or even piety, is permitted and willed by God only with a
view to its being neutralized by man's agency. This is a
task assigned from on high. ' '
4. Determine carefully the truths taught by Jesus through the
parable of the rich man and Lazarus.
Personal Thoughts:
' ' The Pharisees, who were lovers of money. ' ' Is my life
wholly free from that selfish love of money which Jesus
here condemns? Do I follow the law Jesus gives for the use
of all my possessions? 139

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STUDY 19: INTO JUDEA AGAIN AND THE WITHDRAWAL
TO EPHRAIM

Fifth Day: § 104. Concerning Forgiveness and Faith
i. The Pharisees and the scribes had taken exception to the
drawing near of the publicans and sinners to Jesus (§102,
vv. 1,2). To their mind, it proved Jesus to be no prophet
(cf- § 53. v- 39)- Their own spirit toward all such was one
of repulsion. By their criticisms they would prevent this
freedom of access of ' 'these little ones" to Jesus. Jesus has a
message concerning such a spirit, whether in Pharisee or else
where. Read § 104, v v. 1, 2.
2. The arrogant, harsh, repellent and unforgiving spirit was a
Pharisaic characteristic. The disciples also, as learners from
such leaders, must have possessed that spirit in some degree
(cf. § 81, Mt. v. 21). It would be a fruitful "occasion of
stumbling." Jesus speaks of it. Read vv. 3, 4.
3. To fulfil such moral requirements as these, demands a power
above that naturally possessed by man. Read vv. 5,6. "The
only real power in the universe is the divine will. The human
will, which has discovered the secret of blending with this
force of forces, is raised, in virtue of this union, to omnipo
tence; and from the time it becomes conscious of this privi
lege, it acts without obstruction, even in the domain of nature,
if the kingdom of God so requires."
4. Yet the possession and use of such power, in obeying the
commands of God for the individual life, may engender a
spirit against which warning is given. Read w. 7-10.
Personal Thoughts:
1. Am I willing to give up everything in my life which, in any
degree, may cause another person to stumble?
2. Have I obeyed Jesus with reference to the full and constant
forgiveness of those who have wronged me?
3, Does my life now possess and express all the power that
God is willing to grant to faith?
4. Am I wholly free from all traces of pride in my Christian
activities? 140

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STUDY 19: INTO JUDEA AGAIN AND THE WITHDRAWAL
TO EPHRAIM 
Sixth Day: § 105. The Raising op Lazarus (continued)
I. As Jesus journeyed toward Jerusalem for "the feast of the
dedication" (§§ 90-92), He was received into a house at
Bethany (§ 89). Perhaps He had been with the family on
previous visits to Jerusalem. In any case, they were well
known to Him (cf. § 105, v. 5). Jesus is still in Perea.
He can be reached from Bethany only by sending to Him.
Urgent need prompts such a call. Read § 105, vv. 1-6.
"That Mary which anointed": cf. § 118, Mt, Mk., Jo.
"He abode . . . where he was": for Lazarus had died a
little while after the departure of the messenger (cf. vv. 17,
39). Perhaps, also, Jesus had unfinished work in Perea.
And His "time" was always determined by the Father.
2. Thoughtfully read vv. 7-16. "But now seeking to stone
thee' ' : on what occasion? and for what cause? Be helped
to an understanding of vv. 9, 10, by a study of § 25, v. 4;
§ 82, vv. 6, 8; § 90, v. 4; § 99, vv. 32, 33. There is a
definite task assigned to Jesus by the Father, and an
appointed measure of working time given; while the time
lasts the task can be done, even though it leads "into Judea
again." What characteristics of Thomas are here shown?
3. Thoughtfully read vv. 17-27. "Four days" : one had passed
in sending to Jesus; two "in the place where he was"; the
fourth in the journey to Bethany. Compare the character
istics of Martha and Mary here, with those shown in § 89.
Thoughtfully study and consider again the words between
Martha and Jesus,-vv. 21-27. Dwell especially in prayerful
thought upon vv. 25, 26.
4. Thoughtfully read vv. 28-35. As yet there are no signs of
opposition from the Jews. Buf'Bethany was nigh unto Jerusa
lem" (v. 18), from whence had come many of the mourners.
They recognize Jesus and question, -read vv. 36, 37. They
made reference to Jesus' latest miracle at Jerusalem (§ 90)
for which He was compelled to leave Judea (§ 92).
PERSONAL THOUGHTS:
"Let us also go, that we may die with him." Is my loyalty
to Christ so supreme over eyery interest of self that I would
be willing to die for Him? Is my testimony to this willing
ness expressed in a present life of obedience to Him?
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STUDY 19: INTO JUDEA AGAIN AND THE WITHDRAWAL
TO EPHRAIM 
Seventh Day: § 105. The Raising of Lazarus (concluded)
§ 106. The Withdrawal to Ephraim
I. "The Jews" had questioned why Jesus had not prevented the
death of Lazarus. Their question was based on the knowl
edge of a former work. Jesus has now a greater work.
Thoughtfully read § 105, vv. 38-44. Give study and con
sideration to Jesus' teaching concerning the power of faith as
revealed in v. 40.
9. Study the prayer-life of Jesus from vv. 41, 42. He had
prayed and received the assurance of the answer before the
words of v. 4. The present was an occasion not for prayer
but for thanksgiving. Consider the faith involved in giving
thanks for a work not yet seen. "This passage may help to
an understanding of the true nature of prayer in the case of
Jesus, as being the conscious realization of the divine will, and
not a petition for that which is contingent. In the case of
men prayer approximates to this more and more. It is not
the setting up of the will of self, but the apprehension and
taking to self of the divine will."
3. Study the effect of the miracle upon "the Jews" who were at
Bethany, -vv. 45, 46. Thus the knowledge of Jesus' work
comes to the religious leaders, the enemies of Jesus.
4. Study the more remote effect of the resurrection of Lazarus,
as given in § 106, vv. 47-53. This "council" was a meeting
of the Great Sanhedrin, the highest council of the Jews.
The hierarchical Sadducean party now join with the Phari
sees. The position taken in v. 48 was reasonable if Jesus had
been other than He was, for cf. § 66, Jo. vv. 14, 15. Study
the policy of the unscrupulous Sadducee, Caiaphas, as con
trasted with the irresolution of the others in council, -vv. 49,
50. ' 'By a mysterious irony he interpreted the results of the
death of Christ truly, though in a way directly opposite to
that which he apprehended, "—vv. 51, 52.
5. Study the decision of the Sanhedrin, -v. 53; and the action
taken by Jesus, -v. 54. "Ephraim": northeast of Jerusalem.
Personal Thought:
"Father, I thank thee that thou heardest me." Do I so pre
pare in advance for the work God gives me that in the pres
ence of it my words are of thanksgiving rather than of

prayer?

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STUDY 20: THE FINAL JOURNEY TOWARD JERUSALEM

First Day-. § 107. The Ten Lepers
i. Trace the growth of the hostility to Jesus at Jerusalem as
marked by John in § 44, vv. 16-18; (§ 82, v. 1 ); § 82, vv.
3.2, 45-52; § §5. v. 59; § 90, v. 22; § 92, v. 39. That oppo
sition now took the form of a settled plan, for read § 106,
v. 53. Hence the movement of Jesus as recorded in § 106,
v. 54. The Passover of the Jews was now at hand. From
Ephraim (see map) Jesus could either join the pilgrims from
Galilee who went directly to Jerusalem through Samaria, or
go from that region northward through Samaria into the
southern or southeastern part of Galilee and thus meet the
pilgrims going from Galilee through Perea to Jerusalem. For
a knowledge of the course chosen, read § 107, v. 11. From
this point, Jesus makes His final journey to Jerusalem.
2. Read § 107, vv.12, 13. "Whichstood afar off": as required
by the Law, cf. Levit. 13:45, 46. It was usual for lepers to
stand begging for money from those who passed them; study
the request they make of Jesus (v. 13). Read v. 14. They
could not be pronounced legally clean by any but the priests,
for see Levit 14:1-3. Readyv. 15, 16. "He was a Samari
tan": the disease common to all of them had obliterated
religious distinctions (cf. § 32, v. 9; § 86, vv. 52, 53). Read
w. 17, 18. Compare § 88. In what ways did this incident
foreshadow the future? Read v. 19. "The faith of which
Jesus speaks is not merely that which brought him at the first,
but more still that which has brought him back. By this
return he has sealed forever the previous transitory connec
tion which his cure had formed between Jesus and him; he
recognizes His word as the instrument of the miracle; he
unites himself closely to the entire person of Him whose
power only he had sought at the first. And* thereby his phy
sical cure is transformed into a moral cure, into salvation. "
Personal thought:
"He said unto them, Go . . . as they went, they were
cleansed. ' ' Is my faith of that acceptable kind which obeys
Jesus and confidently leaves all results with Him? Or do I
look for a result to precede obedience? or to be granted to
disobedience? 143

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STUDY 20: THE FINAL JOURNEY TOWARD JERUSALEM

Second Day: § 108. The Coming of the Kingdom (continued)
I. The Pharisees expected that the Messianic kingdom would
come in a visible form, with great external and attesting signs.
Jesus had announced that "the kingdom of God is at hand"
(§ 18, Mt. vv. i, 2; § 34, Mk. 1:14, 15; §64, Mt 10:7;
§ 87, Lu. v. 9); His face is again turned toward Jerusalem.
Does this mean that the period of preparation is over, and
that the new Kingdom is soon to begin? Such thoughts may
have occurred to the Pharisees. Read § 108, vv. 20, 21.
The Pharisees had expected a popular insurrection, and the
setting up of an independent Jewish kingdom. Determine
what Jesus here teaches as to the nature of the Kingdom of God.
2. To the Pharisees Jesus had given a wholly new conception of
the Kingdom of God ( vv. 20, 21 ). Yet there was a sense in
which that Kingdom would come "with observation." But
the Pharisees could not understand that revelation which
Jesus would make, so He turns to His disciples. Thought
fully read vv. 22-25. Dwell upon these verses, and determine
from them when and how Jesus will reappear on the earth.
3. "In the day that the Son of man is revealed." What will be
the state of the world at that time? Read vv. 26-30. "It is
an epoch like those which have preceded all the great catas
trophes of history. The business of earthly life is carried
through with regularity, but religious feeling gradually disap
pears from the heart of men who have become secularized."
4. "In the day that the Son of man is revealed." What will
determine the destiny of each at that time? Read vv. 31-33.
What disposition of mind characterizes the accepted ones?
Find the answer in a study of Lot's wife, Gen. ig:26-"looked
back;" or, as more plainly stated in the general law, v. 33.
5. A division on such a basis will mean sharp separations. Read
vv. 34-37. In v. 24, Jesus had already answered the ques
tion of v. 37. Avenging forces are found wherever the life
of a man or of a nation has fallen into dissolution or decay.
Personal Thoughts:
"Whosoever shall seek to gain his life shall lose it: but who
soever shall lose his life shall preserve it." Do I seek to gain
my life? Do I follow the interests of self? Do I choose the
ways which please self? Do I seek to hold any part of my life
which God has asked of me for the purposes of His kingdom?
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Third Day: §108. The Coming of the Kingdom (concluded)
§ 109. The Pharisee and the Publican
i. Jesus had. told His disciples of the state in which the world
will be found "in the day that the Son of man is revealed"
(§ 108, vv. 26-30). In the meantime, and in the midst ot
such conditions as these, how can faith be preserved? From
whence can the power come? In what way may the power be
received? Read the answer of Jesus in § 108, Lu. 18:1-8.
The word "avenge" is a little too strong; accept footnote e.
Jesus marks, in the second sentence of v. 8, the relation of the
parable to the preceding parts of the discourse. His ques
tion is answered affirmatively, in the degree in which the truth
in the parable is heeded.
2. What truths does Jesus teach about prayer through this
parable? With this parable, study again § 93, vv. 5-13.
What important teaching concerning prayer is common to
both parables?
3. Recall what has been learned concerning the leading char
acteristics of the Pharisees. For what things did Jesus
specially condemn them? What was the work of a publican?
What was their most prominent sin (§18, Lu. vv. 12, 13)?
What was the social standing of the publican? What rela
tion had the Pharisees assumed toward Jesus? How did the
publicans regard Jesus?
4. Having thus recalled some of the social and religious condi
tions of the times of Jesus, thoughtfully read all of § 109.
For some comments upon the claims in v. 12, read the words
of Jesus in § 94, w. 42-44.
5. What truths does Jesus teach by this parable?
Personal thoughts:
1. "They ought always to pray, and not to faint." Is my
prayer-life characterized by that urgency, intensity and
importunity which Jesus reveals as the power through which
God may be moved to a speedy and full answer?
2. "Every one that exalteth himself shall be humbled; but he
that humbleth himself shall be exalted." Have I that true,
unfeigned and constant humility of spirit which is begotten by
a willing and full recognition and confession of my unworthi
ness before God? 145

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STUDY 20: THE FINAL JOURNEY TOWARD JERUSALEM

Fourth Day: § 110. Concerning Divorce
i. Matthew and Mark give no record of the greater part oi
Jesus' ministry in Perea. Having told of His final departure
from Galilee (§ 86), they do not take up the history again
till a period in His final journey to Jerusalem (§ no). After
that, their records are again parallel with that of Luke
(§ in). Luke is the historian of the Perean ministry.
2. In § no, read Mk. v. 2; Mt. v. 3. The question asked
was one much in dispute among the Jewish rabbis. The
Pharisees would lead Jesus to ally Himself with one or the
other party. The additional words of Matthew, ' 'for every
cause," contain the point of the question. Study carefully
the reply of Jesus in Mk. vv. 3-9; Mt. w. 4-8. The law of
Moses is given in Deut. 24:1^ Jesus quotes also from Genesis
1:27; 2:24.
3. What was the thought of Jesus concerning the law given by
Moses with reference to divorce? Upon what fundamental
principle does Jesus base His law for this relationship? Pre
cisely what is the word of Jesus concerning divorce?
4. In this matter, does Jesus merely point to that which is
natural and commendable, or is His word a commandment,
the violation of which is sin? For an answer,read Mk. vv. 10-12.
5. "What therefore God hath joined together, let not man put
asunder." Is there anyexception to this law? Read Mt.v.9.
Mark does not mention the exception; separation was, of course,
always regarded as justified in such a case. But as Jesus
has taught, not ' 'for every cause" (Mt. v. 3 ).
6. Even the disciples shared largely the popular views and feel
ings concerning marriage and divorce. They are now ' 'in
the house" (Mk. v. 10). They continue the subject with
Jesus. Read Mt. v. 10. Marriage as an indissoluble union
was to be avoided, they thought. Read Mt. v. 11. "This
saying": refers not to the saying of Jesus, but to "it is not
expedient to marry. " Read Mt. v. 12. Thoughtfully deter
mine the law of Jesus concerning the expediency of marriage
in relation to the interests of the kingdom of God.
Personal thought:
"For the kingdom of heaven's sake." Do I accept that as
the basis and the only basis for my every decision and act
with reference to the closest of all human relationships?
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STUDY 20: THE FINAL JOURNEY TOWARD JERUSALEM

Fifth Day: § ill. Christ Blessing Little Children
i. Jesus was slowly moving southward through Perea. Perhaps
He had now again reached that region of Perea in which He
had spent much of His former ministry beyond Jordan
(Study 1 8). The people among whom He had worked in
this district recognize that the visit is temporary, and that
His departure from this scene of labor is near. It was a cus
tom for Jewish mothers to seek a blessing for their children at
the hands of their eminent rabbis. Jesus would not be
with them much longer.
2. In § in, read Mk. v. 13; Lu. v. 15; Mt. v. 13. How may
we account for the attitude of the disciples toward these
parents?
3. Read Mt. v. 14; Lu. v. 16; Mk. v. 14. Learn something of
the spirit of Jesus from the indication given by Mark.
Determine thoughtfully what Jesus means by, "of such is the
kingdom of God." In this connection, study again § 81, Mt.
vv. 1-4.
4. ReadLu.v. 17; Mk. v. 15. "As a little child": stated in
other words, in what way does this mean? "There is in chil
dren a two-fold receptivity, negative and positive, humility and
confidence. By labor expended on ourselves, we are to
return to these dispositions which are natural to the child."
We must "voluntarily put on the dispositions indicated."
5. Read Mk. v. 16; Mt. v. 15. "Departed thence": into "the
way, going up to Jerusalem."
PERSONAL THOUGHT;
"Whosoever shall not receive the kingdom of God as a little
child, he shall in no wise enter therein." Do I, in obedience
to Jesus, assume the childlike spirit toward the mysteries of
the kingdom of God, and thus come to know them? Or do
intellectual pride and a disobedient will blind me to all deeper
spiritual knowledge? 147

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STUDY 20: THE FINAL JOURNEY TOWARD JERUSALEM

Sixth Day: § 112. The Rich Young Ruler (continued)
I. After blessing "their babes", Jesus "departed thence" into
"the way, going up to Jerusalem." In § 112, read Mt. v.
16; Lu. v. 18; Mk.v. 17. He was probably the young and
wealthy president of a synagogue. On what previous occa
sion had this question been put to Jesus? Read Lu. v. 19;
Mk. v. 18; Mt. v. 17. "Jesus reminds him that all goodness
in man must flow from God. So far as Jesus is concerned,
the question of His personal goodness depends solely on the
consideration whether His inward dependence on that God,
the only good, is complete or partial. If it is complete, Jesus
is good, but with a goodness which is that of God Himself
operating in Him."
2. Having mildly corrected the young man, Jesus gives a direct
answer to his question. Read Lu. v. 20; Mk. v. 19; Mt. w.
18, 19. What general precept does Matthew add (cf. § 88,
v. 27)? Read the reply in Lu. v. 21; Mk. v. 20; Mt v. 20.
"The young man's reply testifies, undoubtedly, great moral
ignorance but also noble sincerity. He knows not the spirit
ual meaning of the commandments, and thinks that he has
really fulfilled them." For the impression he made upon
Jesus, read the first part of Mark's 21st verse.
3. "What lack I yet?" For Jesus' answer, read Lu. v. 22, Mk.
v. 21; Mt. v. 21. The young ruler had professed to fully
keep the Law; he had asked for some worthy thing to do;
Jesus gave him something high and heroic-a test of his inmost
spirit, a measure of the reality of his service to God.
4. "Master, what good thing shall I do?" For his response on
learning, read Lu. v. 23; Mt. v. 22; Mk. v. 22.
PERSONAL THOUGHT:
' 'One thing thou lackest yet. ' ' Is there any one thing known
to me in which I am unwilling to be absolutely obedient to
once to Jesus Christ? 148

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STUDY 20: THE FINAL JOURNEY TOWARD JERUSALEM

Seventh Day: § 112. The Rich Young Ruler (concluded)
i. The conversation with the wealthy young ruler, and espe
cially the effect of Jesus' demands upon him, lead to some
general observations by Jesus concerning wealth in its rela
tion to the kingdom of God. Read Lu. vv. 24, 25 ; Mt.
w. 23, 24. Now read Mk. vv. 23-25. Observe in Mark's
account, the tender touch, and the general observation
(footnote8). Why exactly is it true that "it is hard for a
rich man"?
2. With the Jews, it was believed by all that a rich man was
shown by his wealth to have God's favor, and could secure
additional favor by beneficence. What Jesus had just taught
was opposed to the ideas of the disciples. Read Lu. w.
26, 27; Mt. vv. 25, 26; Mk. vv. 26, 27. "Who then can be
saved?" : to better understand, place the emphasis on
"who" and "can."
3. In the relations of Jesus with His disciples, there was a
time when He made a call to them similar to that just given
to the young ruler (§§ 38, 42). They had responded dif
ferently. What was to accrue to them from the course they
had chosen? Read Lu. vv. 28-30; Mk. vv. 28-30. Observe
Mark's, "with persecutions." Is this one of the blessings
(cf. §49: Mt. 5:10-12; Lu. vv. 22, 23)? What is Luke's
equivalent for "for my sake, and for the gospel's sake"
(Mk.)? Now read the more complete account as given in
Mt. vv. 27-29. Here a very special promise is given the
Twelve-one of the grandest ever made to them. Yet
"everyone" is recompensed (v. 29). The promise to the
Twelve would be of special interest to Matthew's Jewish
readers.
4. So grand a promise as that to the Twelve may give rise tc
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Seventh Day: § 112. The Rich Young Ruler (concluded)
misunderstanding, pride and perhaps even disputes. The
Twelve had been the first to follow Jesus; in the matter of
time some of them had been before others. Jesus announces
His general law. Read Mk. v. 31; Mt. v. 30. That funda
mental moral truth He now illustrates by a parable. Read
rapidly but thoughtfully through Mt. 20:1-15. Find the
truth which gave occasion to the parable (Mt v. 30),
restated at its close (Mt. 20:16). What general truths does
Jesus teach through this parable?
Personal Thoughts:
The young ruler: "Come, follow me ... he went
away sorrowful." The disciples: "We have left all, and
have followed thee." Which have I done? Have I, like
the young ruler, observed many things but refused ' 'all that
thou hast"? Does Jesus promise eternal life to any one of
whom He must say "One thing thou lackest"? Would I
give up all? Have I?

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STUDY 21: IN THE WAY GOING UP TO JERUSALEM

First Day: § 113. Christ foretells His Crucifixion
i. Jesus continues His final journey to Jerusalem. He is now
drawing near to the city. Not long after the withdrawals to
the north (Studies 14, 15) He had "stedfastly set his face to
go to Jerusalem" (§ 86). It was then said that "the days
were well-nigh come that he should be received up" (§ 86,
Lu. v. 51). Almost six months have passed. The Passover
is at hand. With the pilgrims from the north, He moves toward
the city of His death. We have seen how the consciousness
of that coming event affected His spirit and His teaching.
In the quiet of the north He had told His disciples plainly
(§§ 76a, 77b, 79). At Jerusalem also He had made reference
to Hisdeparture (§82,vv. 33-36; § 84, vv. 21-23). The con
tents of His teaching (Studies 18-20) reveal that Jesus recog
nized that the end was very near. His references to the event
in that period show keen and deep feeling (§ 95, v. 50; § 99,
w. 32, 33; § 108, v. 25).
2. In the second foretelling of His death and resurrection ( § 79 ),
Jesus had added, "shall be delivered up into the hands of
men." In the nearer approach of the event, we may expect
other particulars to be added. In § 113, read Mt. v. 17; Lu.
v. 31. "He took the twelve disciples apart" ; for they were
now journeying with a large company. Study the more
detailed and graphic statement in Mark's 32d verse. "The
majesty and heroism of His bearing, as He moved along in
advance, wrapt in His own lofty meditations, struck them as
something extraordinary." "Perhaps there was an absorbed
and fixed look in the Master's face as He pressed on to His
terrible baptism of suffering. "
3. Study Lu. vv. 32, 33; Mt. vv. 18, 19; Mk. vv. 33, 34.
What particular is added by Luke? what one by Matthew?
Observe the distinction between those who "condemn" and
those who "crucify."
4. These things were utterly contrary to all the ideas concerning
the Messiah held by the disciples. Hence, the result stated
in Luke's 34th verse.
Personal thought:
"They perceived not the things that were said." Do I ever
allow any of my preconceptions concerning Jesus or His teach
ing to lead me to modify or moderate His plain statement of
the truth, as I study His words? 151

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STUDY 21: IN THE WAY GOING UP TO JERUSALEM

Second Day: § 114. Ambition of James and John
i. "They perceived not the things that were said" (§ 113,
Lu. v. 34). Though Jesus had spoken in the plainest
language possible, "they understood none of these things,"
for their minds were preoccupied with thoughts of a Mes
siah who would become a Jewish king, and establish a
splendid earthly kingdom. Perhaps, indeed, that kingdom
was near (cf. § 117, v. 11)! And the Twelve had been
promised places of power (§ 112, Mt. v. 28)! Then who
would have precedence among these highly favored ones?
Would it be the select circle of three (§§ 60b, 77) within
the Twelve? They ask; Jesus answers.
2. In § 114, read Mt. vv. 20, 21; Mk. w. 35-37. It is a law
maxim that ' 'he who does a thing through another does it
himself. ' ' For other characteristics of these brothers, study
again § 81, Lu. vv. 49, 50; Mk. w. 38-40; § 86, Lu. vv.
53"55- This unspiritual conception of the Kingdom of
God was held by the disciples even after the resurrection of
Jesus, for read Acts 1 :6.
3. On a previous occasion, following a reference to ' 'his king
dom," a like spirit had been manifested (§76, Mk. 9:1 with
§ 81, Mk. vv. 33, 34). Study again the way Jesus met it
(§ 81, Mt. v. 4; Lu. v. 48b; Mk. v. 35). But how will He
deal with the present bold request? Thoughtfully study
Mt. vv. 22, 23; Mk. vv. 38-40. Dwell upon the strong and
intense terms used by Jesus to express His approaching
experiences (cf. § 95, v. 50). "My cup indeed ye shall
drink" : James was the first martyr (cf. Acts 12:1, 2); John
outlived the others, and was longest in service, spending a
life of suffering and work for Christ (cf. Rev. 1:9).
4. The previous "reasoning" about place in the Kingdom of
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STUDY 21. IN THE WAY GOING UP TO JERUSALEM

Second Day: § 114. ambition of James and John
God had involved all of the Twelve. How then will the
ten regard this ambitious request from the sons of Zebedee?
Read Mt. v. 24; Mk. v. 41. So the same spirit possessed
all. With limitless patience and love, Jesus again teaches a
fundamental law of His kingdom. Study Mt. v. 25 with
Mk. v. 42; Mt. w. 26, 27 with Mk. vv. 43, 44; Mk. v. 45
with Mt. v. 28. How often had Jesus taught this truth
before?
Personal Thoughts:
' ' Whosoever would become great among you shall be your
minister; and whosoever would be first among you shall be
your servant: even as the Son of man." Is this type of
greatness-greatness through minis try-that for which I have
ambition? Do I seek precedence by the way of service to
others? Would I accept His cup and His baptism to real
ize that ambition, to gain that precedence? Have I?

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STUDY 21: IN THE WAY GOING UP TO JERUSALEM

Third Day: § 115. The Blind Men near Jericho
I. Jesus, "with his disciples and a great multitude," had been
journeying southward through Perea to the feast of the Pass
over. But they must cross the Jordan. That could be done
by a ferry-boat, several miles higher up the river than a point
opposite to Jericho. They had now come to a point within
one day's journey of Jerusalem. The plain on which Jericho
stood was famed for its rich productiveness.
3. In § 115, read Mk. v. 46; Mt. v. 29; Lu. vv. 35-37. Pos
sibly the beggar sat at a point between the old town on the
ancient site and the new semi-Herodian city, and so could be
described as found either when they went out from Jericho or
as they drew near to Jericho. "A multitude going by":
observe the conditions under which Jesus moves toward Jeru
salem. "Jesus of Nazareth" : a title by which the teacher
and healer was generally known.
3. Study Mk. w. 47, 48; Lu. vv. 38, 39. "Thou son of
David" : by which they meant that He was the Messiah. It
may be taken as an indication of the popular feeling at this
time (cf. § 117, v. 11). Now study Mt. vv. 30, 31. "Two
blind men" : we may suppose one to have been better known,
and thus alone mentioned by Mark and Luke (cf. § 59).
4. The body of pilgrims was moving forward; "they that went
before rebuked him"; but "Jesus stood still," for His was
a different spirit. Study Mt. w. 32-34; Lu. w. 40-42.
Find the graphic, additional touches in Markvv. 49-52.
5. Recall how Jesus had again and again required in the past
that those whom He had healed ' 'tell no man what had been
done." Thoughtfully read Lu. v. 43. Why did Jesus
allow these expressions of gratitude? Would cautious meas
ures now avail to prevent or delay the crisis?
Personal thought:
"Thy faith hath made thee whole." Am I, at the present
time, as nearly "whole" as God is willing to grant to faith
which I have the power to exercise?
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STUDY 21: IN THE WAY GOING UP TO JERUSALEM

Fourth Day: § 116. Visit to Zacch/Eus
i. In § 1 1 6, read v. i. Jericho was a city of much importance,
probably among the cities of Judea second only to Jerusalem.
It was a favorite city of Herod the Great. Many of the
priests resided there in the time of Jesus. Read v. 2.
Jericho was famous for its balsam, which was sold in all
countries of the world. It therefore had great revenues, and
Zacchaeus, it seems, was at the head of the custom-house.
Being on the caravan route from Damascus it was also a
place of toll. Hence its ' 'chief publican' ' had become nota
bly "rich" (v. 2). Josephus records that Antony presented
the revenues of Jericho to Cleopatra.
2. Read v. 3. He may have heard how Jesus had treated men
of his class. Observe here the indications given of the cir
cumstances in which Jesus now moved. Read v. 4. The
sycamore has low, horizontal branches. Read v. 5. It was
about seventeen miles to Jerusalem, and there was no inter
vening village but Bethany. Probably it was now the after
noon.
3. Read w. 6, 7. "They all murmured": with this compare
§ 42, Mk. vv. 15, 16; § 53, v. 39; § 102, vv. 1, 2. And
worst of all that He, whom they suppose is soon to become
a Jewish king (cf. § 117, v. 11), is now the guest of one
whose calling reminds them of Roman domination.
4. That which never could have been wrought by scorn was
effected by graciousness. Read v. 8. ' 'If I have wrongfully
exacted": a publican's besetting sin (cf. § 18, Lu. vv. 12,
13). Read v. 9. Zacchasus was excommunicated because
a publican. He is now restored, in a spiritual sense, to his
former standing as "a son of Abraham." And this because
of a larger truth, -read v. 10. Therein lies the justification
of the act to which they objected (v. 7). With this conclu
sion, compare that on another occasion when "they all
murmured" (§ 42, Mk. v. 17).
PERSONAL THOUGHT;
Does my dislike for the occupations or social station of cer
tain people lead me to extend my antipathy to their persons?
Or do I, like "the Son of man", make all efforts "to seek
and to save that which was lost"?
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STUDY 21: IN THE WAY GOING UP TO JERUSALEM

Fifth Day: § 117. Parable of the Min*
i. For the Jewish expectation in its purity, as expressed by one
of the most pious of Jews, thoughtfully read § 8, vv. 67-75,
studying especially vv. 71, 74, 75. For the Jewish form ot
the promise concerning Jesus, study § 5, vv. 32, 33. For
the central theme of the preaching of John, read § 18, Mt.
vv. 1, 2. For the message of Jesus, read § 34: Mk. vv. 14,
15; Mt v. 17; § 40: Mt. 4:23; Lu. 4:43. For Jesus' com
mission to His first co-laborers, read § 64, Mt. 10:7. For
the message given to a larger body of workers, read § 87,
Lu. v. 9. Now thoughtfully study § 117, v. 11. It had
been a subject of inquiry but a short time before (§ 108, vv.
20, 21). Jesus had made direct references to the coming of
"his kingdom" (§ 76, Mt. v. 28; § 112, Mt. v. 28). Even
the Twelve had misconceptions (§§ 81, 114). Recall the
circumstances under which Jesus was now journeying to Jeru
salem ( "with his disciples and a great multitude," § 115;
"the crowd," §116). Having in mind all of these condi
tions, and the grossly material form of the popular Jewish
Messianic expectations, read again § 117, v. 11.
2. "He said therefore"— (§ 117, v. 12): that false expectations
might be corrected. Having clearly in mind the conditions
under which the parable was spoken, make a thoughtful
study of it: (1) Read through for the story, without making
applications at any point. (2) Study it to determine the
truths which Jesus intended to reveal through it. In this
interpretation, have in mind the circumstances which called
forth the parable. What are the truths taught?
3. Thoughtfully read v. 28. What thoughts and feelings would
probably have largest place in His mind and spirit?
Personal Thoughts:
"Unto every one that hath shall be given; but from him that
hath not, even that which he hath shall be taken away from
him." Have I used to the utmost, on behalf of the Kingdom
of God, the powers of body, mind and spirit with which He
has endowed me? Have I mistakenly supposed that God
would grant more while "a very little" was not fully used by
me? Am I now making it possible for God to grant more
by n*y dse of what He has already given?
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Sixth Day: § 118. Anointing of Jesus by Mary of Bethany
i. Jericho was about seventeen miles from Jerusalem. Journey
ing from Jericho to Jerusalem, Jesus would pass through
Bethany. What previous visits to Bethany are recorded
(§§ 89, 105)? What resulted from Jesus' last visit to Beth
any (§ 106)? In § 118, read Jo. vv. 55, 56. Recall the
significant events at the Feast which He had attended about
three months before (§§ 90-92), especially the effect, § 92,
vv. 3X> 39- Study the specific form which the opposition
had now taken-§n8, Jo. v. 57. What had transpired since
the last Feast to make their purpose a settled plan (§§ 105,
106)? Now read § 118, Jo. 12:1.
2. In § 118, read Mt. vv. 6-9 with Mk. vv. 3-5. With this
compare a somewhat similar incident at the house of another
Simon (§ 53). What form did the objections take in the
first instance? in the second? Having in mind the gra
cious treatment by Jesus in the Galilean incident, read Mt.
w. 10, 11 with Mk. vv. 6, 7. Would Jesus have allowed
this lavish expenditure at an earlier period in His ministry?
In Mary's act of devout love, He found a prophecy of what
was now so near,-read His beautiful words in Mt. v. 12; Mk.
v. 8. And the simple act was destined to live on, -read Mt.
v. 13 with Mk. v. 9. The last written gospel so recognizes
it, by referring to it (§ 105, v. 2) before recording it (§ 118).
For whom did Jesus here say He conceived the gospel to be
intended?
3. Study now the narrative of John, § 118, Jo. 12:2-8, for
many details not given by Matthew and Mark. How do the
characteristics shown here by Martha and Mary compare
with those they exhibit in §§ 89, 105? From the relation of
Judas Iscariot to this incident, determine the character of
this disciple?
4. Jesus had rested at Bethany. But word of His presence
would speedily pass to Jerusalem. Thus the question of
§118, Jo. 11:56 would be practically answered. Study,
however, the preceding results, as in § 118, Jo. 12:9-11.
Personal thought:
"She hath done what she could." Have I done all that is
possible to me in the service of Jesus Christ? Am I doing
my utmost in the present? 157

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STUDY 21: IN THE WAY GOING UP TO JERUSALEM

Seventh Day: §§ 113-118. Review
i. Make a thoughtful study of the character of Jesus as revealed
by the records of those days of His life which immediately
preceded His final arrival in Jerusalem (§§ 113-118).
Some thoughts suggested as a basis for the study : (1) He
willingly accepted an ignominious death at the hands of the
religious leaders of His nation (§113). (2) He constantly
rebuked all selfish ambition, and announced that discipleship
to Him was based upon the full acceptance of a life of
service and ministry like His own, with all the sacrifice and
suffering which such a life might bring (§ 114). (3) His
chief acts were those of mercy and beneficence toward the
lowly and needy-"a blind beggar" (§115). (4) He
associated with the outcasts of society- "a chief publican"
(§ 1 16). (5) He disregarded popular religious conceptions
(§ 116, v. 7). (6) He announced His mission as one
intended not for the wise and great but for those who had con
scious need of help (§ 116, v. 10). (7) He rejected a king
dom of the earth, and sought only for a kingdom within the
heart and will of men (§ 117). (8) He moved unswervingly
in accord with His supreme purpose, even though it brought
Him into deadly collision with the religious forces by which
He was surrounded (§ 118, Jo. 11:57; 12:9-11). (9) He
accepted, with high commendation, the anointing from a
humble woman, announcing this simple act of love as destined
to live for ever (§118). (10) He accepted and rejoiced in
discipleship from humble and despised men, even though con
scious of the presence of a betrayer (§ 118, Jo. 12:4-6).
Personal Thoughts:
Thoughtfully and reverently determine how many of the
above characteristics of Jesus are the expression of that
fundamental moral law of His life revealed by Himself-"For
verily the Son of man came not to be ministered unto, but
to minister, and to give his life a ransom for many" (§ 114).
Do I sincerely desire moral greatness like unto that of Christ
at any cost? His law for my life-" Whosoever would become
great among you shall be your minister; and whosoever
would be first among you shall be your servant: even as the
Son of man" (§ 114, Mt. vv. 26-28). Have \ fully pocepted
this law of Jesus for my life? 158

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STUDY 22: REVIEW

First to Seventh Day: §§ 1-118. A Review of Studies 1 to 21
I. Having considered the first twenty-one Studies in some detail,
we may now profitably take a backward look, for the purpose
of tracing the history in an even more general way than was
done in the class hours of study.
2. The work for the week is divided as follows: —
First Day: Review of Studies 1-6
Second Day: Review of Studies 8-12
Third Day: Review of Studies 14 and 15
Fourth Day: Review of Studies 16 and 17
Fifth Day: Review of Studies 18 and 19
Sixth Day: Review of Studies 20 and 21
Seventh Day: Review of Reviews
3. It is suggested that the study of each day be done in this
order and with these aims:
( 1 ) Commit to memory the exact title of each Section
in the Studies for the day, so that they may be quickly
named, in their order, at any time.
(2 ) Make such a reading of each Section, that you are
able to go mentally through the Section from first to last
giving the substance of its contents.
(3) Write out in the note-book, from memory, the
following: (a) The exact title of the Studies, (b) the exact
titles of the Sections within the Studies, (c) the briefest
possible summary of the contents of each Section. State this
in one sentence where it can be so condensed. Omit ( c)
on First and on Second Day.
4. It may seem that this suggested method of review is
mechanical and uninspiring. It is certainly a week's work
which is primarily mental. It will be found, however, to
amply repay for the effort. We seek a mastery of the Life
of Christ.
5. In each Study aim constantly to trace and fix in mind: (1)
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STUDY 22: REVIEW

FIRST to Seventh Day: §§ 1-118. A Review of Studies 1 to 21
the connection of events, ( 2) the growth or progress oi the
history. This will aid the effort to memorize the subjects,
and will likewise give a more intelligent conception of the
Life as a whole.
6. On the Seventh Day each student should test his knowledge
by endeavoring to answer to himself, mentally, the following
questions: ( 1 ) Give the exact titles of the first twenty-one
Studies. (2) Name the "Part" of the Harmony within
which each Study is found. (3 ) State the exact titles of the
Sections within each of the twenty- one Studies. (4) Tak
ing each Study as a unit, trace the connection of the events
with which it deals. ( 5) Follow through the ¦ history and
explain its development, that is, give reasons for all changes in
the place or form of the life, teaching, or activities of Jesus.
The above work should be done on the Seventh Day as com
pletely as possible without the book. But at points where
the memory is not certain, it should be refreshed by a glance.
y. This work on the part of each student will form the basis for
a class hour which should be of exceptional interest and pro
fit, and for an intelligent consideration of the succeeding
periods of the history.
Personal Thoughts:
In a week of work so predominantly mental, there will be
special need to hold steadily before the mind the ultimate aim
of the study-the upbuilding of Character. Each day give
time for final meditation upon the "Personal Thoughts"
of the Studies under consideration. Never pass over any
question which comes to the life without answering it. Were
it not better, if necessary, to spend the week conforming the
life to the messages which the Gospels bring for me, than
upon any study of any kind, Biblical or collegiate?
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STUDY 23: THE FIRST DAYS OF THE PASSION WEEK

First Day: § 119. The Triumphal entry
i. Jesus had made His final journey toward Jerusalem with "a
great multitude" of pilgrims who were journeying to the feast
of the Passover. While He rested at Bethany, many went
out from Jerusalem (§118, Jo. vv. 9-1 1). Thus the condi
tions are present for an entry of Jerusalem by Jesus unlike
any previous entry. In His final journey He had not
observed the cautions which marked the earlier periods of His
ministry. In what manner may we therefore expect Jesus to
make His final entry?
2. In § 119, read Mk. w. 1, 2; Lu. vv. 29, 30; Mt. vv. 1, 2.
The site of Bethphage has not been identified. Read Lu. v. 31;
Mt. v. 3 ; Mk. v. 3. The owners may have known Jesus. Matthew
finds a relation to prophecy, -read Mt. vv. 4, 5, and refer to
Zech. 9:9. Read Mt. vv. 6, 7; Lu. vv. 32-35; Mk. w. 4-7.
Thus Jesus will enter Jerusalem as a king, but "meek, and
riding upon an ass."
3. The act of Jesus affected the multitude. It gave occasion for
the expression of their enthusiasm. Read Lu. v. 36; Mk.
v. 8; Mt. v. 8. Jesus does not restrain the people. As they
move on, their feelings take even more demonstrative and
joyous forms of expression. Thoughtfully read and endeavor
to vividly imagine the remarkable scene described in Mt. v. 9;
Mk. w. 9, 10; Lu. vv. 37, 38. The various words of the
multitudes are contained in the Great Hallel (Psa. 113- 118)
which was regularly chanted at the Passover. For the expec-
- tations of "the multitude" study again in Mk. v. 10 (cf. §
117, v. 11).
4. With those from Galilee and Perea and those who had the
previous day gone to Bethany from Jerusalem, there were
others who went to make up the company now approaching
Jerusalem with Jesus. John tells of these. At this point,
study his account to the close of v. 18. Observe the place in
these results which John gives (vv. 17, 18) to a certain one
of "the mighty works which they had seen" (Lu. ).
5. We have learned the thoughts and feelings of "the multi
tude" on this notable day. But what of those who had at
every point opposed Jesus? Thoughtfully read Lu. vv. 39,40.
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STUDY 23: THE FIRST DAYS OF THE PASSION WEEK

First Day: § 119. The Triumphal Entry
What a terrible majesty is expressed in the answer of Jesus!
To the Pharisees the scene brought an irresolute despair, for
read Jo. v. 19.
6. The feelings of Jesus were other than those which this joyous
procession would suggest. Thoughtfully read Lu. w. 41-44.
He here weeps who will in a few days accept insults and
agonies without a tear. What Jesus here states about the
future of Jerusalem was all literally fulfilled forty years after
wards under Titus.
7. At the time of the feast of the Passover there were, it is said,
sometimes nearly 3,000,000 Jews in Jerusalem. Study the
effect made upon the city by the entry of Jesus, as stated in
Mt. vv. 10, 11. Mark takes us to the last scene, and to the
conclusion of this significant day, -read Mk. v. 11.
Personal Thoughts:
Have I made Jesus the King of my life? Does He have the
sway of an absolute monarch within me? Has He entrance
and vital rule in every part of my life?

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STUDY 23: THE FIRST DAYS OF THE PASSION WEEK

Second Day: § 120. The Cursing of the Fig Tree
§ 122. The Fig Tree Withered Away
I. In Bethany, Jesus would always find hospitality at the home
of Martha and Mary. At this time, He may have chosen
to live with His disciples in booths or tents, as was the cus
tom of the Galileans and other strangers when the city over
flowed. After the events of Sunday, and in view of ail that
the next few days will bring, we may think of Jesus as spend
ing a part or the whole of the night in communion with the
Father. That the night was not spent in the Bethany home
may be seen by a study of § 120: Mt. v. 18; Mk. v. 12.
2. In § 120, read Mt. v. 19; Mk. vv. 13, 14. "It was not the
season of figs" : for it was early in April. But the fig-tree
does not usually send forth leaves till the fruit is ripe. This
one "having leaves" so abundantly that it was seen "afar
off" seemed to be an early variety and gave promise of fruit.
A closer examination showed ' 'nothing but leaves. ' ' Thus
it was the type of a fair profession without performance, and
an emblem of the Jewish people.
3. In connection with this act of Jesus, study again the parable
in § 96, vv. 6-9. "The withering of this fruitless fig-tree is
Christ's only miracle of judgment, and it was done, in mercy
to man, on an inanimate object, to teach a moral lesson."
What is the moral lesson here taught?
4. For convenience in study we may now consider § 122,
leaving § 121 as the work for the Third Day. It is the
morning of another day,-Tuesday; they are again passing
from Bethany to Jerusalem. Read § 122: Mk. vv. 20, 21;
Mt w. 20, 21; Mk. vv. 22, 23. Determine exactly and
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STUDY 23: THE FIRST DAYS OF THE PASSION WEEK

Second Day: § 120. The Cursing op the Fig Tree
§ 122. The Fig Tree Withered Away
express in other language what Jesus here taught as to the
power of Faith.
5. Faith then has a positive power in the doing of works. But
Jesus now speaks of another region where it has determi
native force. Study § 122: Mt v. 22; Mk. v. 24. Are
there any limits to the power of the prayer of faith? What
does Jesus mean?
6. Jesus now gives one of the essential conditions of prevailing
prayer. Study § 122, Mk. v. 25.
Personal Thoughts: •
I. "If ye have faith and doubt not" Are there any phases
of my Christian work in which there is failure because of
my lack of faith?
2. "Believe that ye have received them." Are my prayers
ineffectual because of my unbelief?
3. "Whensoever ye stand praying, forgive." Do I wholly fulfil
this condition of prevailing prayer?

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STUDY 23: THE FIRST DAYS OF THE PASSION WEEK

Third Day: § 121. Second Cleansing of the Temple
i. On the occasion of His first public appearance in Jerusalem
Jesus had cleansed the Temple. Rapidly read through § 27.
Since that significant and authoritative act about three years
had passed. Again the spirit of greed had encroached upon
the courts of the Temple. So again Jesus opens His work
in Jerusalem by a similar act. The requirements of the
Passover season made traffic and exchange a necessity. But
all might have been done outside the Temple. Thoughtfully
read § 121: Lu. vv. 45, 46; Mt. vv. 12-14; Mk. vv. 15-17.
"It is written" : Isa. 56:7. It is said that even "the chief
priests' ' themselves shared in the special profits which came
from permitting this traffic within the Temple courts.
2. Thoughtfully read Mt. w. 15, 16. "Did ye never read" :
in Psa. 8:2. With this impressive incident, compare that of
the previous day as stated in § 119, Lu. vv. 39, 40. "Chil
dren" here means boys; probably those who had heard the
cries of ' 'the multitude' ' in the triumphal procession of Sun
day. The older people may have feared to repeat the words
in the presence of their religious rulers.
3. Study the effects of the events of Sunday as in § 119, Jo. v.
19. There it was "the Pharisees" who recognized the futil
ity of their opposition. But the persons of official power
were "the chief priests and the scribes." The events of
Sunday with those of Monday moved these to action. Study
the statement in Mk. v. 18; Lu. vv. 47, 48. Dwell
thoughtfully upon.the effect of Jesus' teaching as here again
revealed. For a complete view of His work, take also Mt.
v. 14.
4. For a better understanding and appreciation of the events of
these momentous days, study the method of Jesus as stated
in Mt. v. 17; Mk. v. 19; Lu. 21:37, 38- By a direct path
Bethany is a mile and three-quarters from Jerusalem. Jesus
may have lodged either with his Bethany friends, or, as
was common at the time, in the open air, with His disciples.
Personal thought;
"The people all hung upon him listening." "All the mul
titude was astonished at his teaching. ' ' Have I given the
Teaching of Jesus, as a body of truth, its rightful place as a
power to form my religious thoughts and convictions?
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STUDY 23: THE FIRST DAYS OF THE PASSION WEEK

Fourth Day: § 123. Christ's Authority Challenged
i. It is now Tuesday morning of the Passion Week. "The
chief priests, and the scribes, and the elders" had witnessed
the triumphal entry on Sunday afternoon, and through it
and the authoritative act of Monday were definitely brought
to the point where they "sought how they might destroy
him." He was in favor with the people, "for the people all
hung upon him listening." As they "sought" the sug
gestion came that this receptive attitude toward His teaching
would be hurtfully affected if they required Him to show
legal authority for His assumed position as a religious
teacher. When "early in the morning" of Tuesday He
again taught in the temple, they make use of the oppor
tunity. Study § 123: Mt. v. 23; Mk. w. 27, 28; Lu. w.
1, 2. They inquired both as to the nature and as to the
source of His authority. ' 'Any Jew was allowed to talk
publicly about religious questions, but if he proposed to be a
regular teacher (Rabbi), he must be authorized by other
Rabbis or by the Sanhedrin."
2. It was not necessary that Jesus make direct and explicit
answer. What they sought was involved in truth already known
by them. Study Lu. vv. 3, 4; Mk. w. 29, 30; Mt. vv. 24,
25a. That question of Jesus truthfully answered and the con
clusion was evident (Read§ 22, with § 23, vv. 35, 36).
3. The opponents of Jesus foresee the logical conclusion, and
find themselves embarrassed by Him whom they came to
challenge. ReadMt. vv. 25b, 26; Mk. w. 31, 32; Lu. w.
5,6. "Believe him": and thus have a knowledge of the
nature and source of Christ's authority (cf. § 22, v. 34).
4. If the questioners of Jesus had possessed sufficient moral sin
cerity they would have said, ' 'We think it inexpedient to
say." Read their answer and the result in Mt. v. 27; Mk.
v. 33; Lu. vv. 7, 8. Jesus deals with them on a principle
of equity and of dignity. He reserved explicit statement till
the moment of crisis (§ 138).
Personal Thoughts:
Do I sincerely seek for a deeper knowledge of the person of
Jesus Christ, and earnestly desire to come into possession of
it? For such knowledge, am I willing to set aside all con
siderations of expediency and follow only the truth as known
by me? Have I done so? 166

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STUDY 23: THE FIRST DAYS OF THE PASSION WEEK

Fifth Day: § 124. Three Parables of Warning (continued)
I. In the earlier part of His public ministry, Jesus had engaged
Himself with positive teaching, and had concerned Himself
with the religious leaders only as their open hostility
brought Him into contact with them. It may be observed
that in the later months He was clear and direct in His denun
ciation of the evil in them, and that He often spoke propheti
cally of their future. Glance thoughtfully through Study 18
(§§ 93-101 ) and observe the many references to the practices
of the religious leaders and to their future. As he neared
the end, Jesus was more and more explicit in His references
to the Jewish authorities and in His revelation of their moral
state.
2. The effort to destroy the power of Jesus' teaching by calling
in question its authority had failed. The time had now come
for speaking out unreservedly to "the chief priests, and the
scribes, and the elders." The reference to John the Baptist
(§ 123) had brought prominently to mind his treatment by
the Jewish authorities as contrasted with his reception by
"the publicans and the harlots". Jesus introduces the truth
by a parable. Study § 124, Mt. vv. 28-31. "To tell the
proud, self-satisfied zealots for righteousness that the moral
scum of society was nearer the kingdom of God than they,
was to offer them a mortal and unpardonable insult."
3. Jesus finds justification for this stern judgment in their atti
tude toward John. Read Mt. v. 32, and compare with § 52,
Lu. vv. 29, 30. Jesus had never before made an open, per
sonal application of a parable to the Jewish authorities. The
end is at hand.
Personal Thoughts:
"Whether of the twain did the will of his father?" Do I
make this vital and fundamental standard the basis for my
judgment of my moral worth? Or do I assume that my
acceptability to God may be assured in some other way?
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STUDY 23: THE FIRST DAYS OF THE PASSION WEEK

Sixth Day: § 124. Three Parables of Warning (continued)
I. Jesus had Himself made the application of His first parable
(§ 124, Mt. vv. 28-32) directly to the Jewish rulers and out
wardly righteous persons, in contrast to those persons who
had been grossly wicked (v. 31). He did not here have in
mind the Jews as opposed to the Gentiles, of which contrast
He had already often spoken (Study 18). Now, however,
He passes away from the consideration of classes within the
Jews to the larger view of Judaism as a whole in its present
form. And again He speaks in parabolic form. His word
is: "Hear another parable."
2. Thoughtfully study the parable by a rapid but careful reading
of (1) Mk. vv. 1-9, (2) Lu. vv. 9-16, (3) Mt. vv. 33-41.
Taking the parable as a history of the Jewish nation in its
relation to the interests of the Kingdom of God, determine
the evident applications of its general truths. Regarding it
in its prophetic phases, what exactly is the future for the
Jews revealed by Jesus through it?
3. Fixing upon the most determinative truth suggested by the
parable, that which constituted the climax of Jewish obduracy,
Jesus announces in another form and with even greater clear
ness the destiny of the Jews in relation to the Kingdom of
God. Study Mk. w. 10, 11; Lu. vv. 17, 18; Mt. vv. 42-44.
"This that is written": in Psalm 118:22, 23. Thoughtfully
reconsider the parable and the parable-germ in the light of
the application as made by Jesus in Mt. v. 43. With this
clear statement concerning the meaning of the second para
ble, take that for the first as given by Jesus in Mt. v. 31.
What is the difference?
4. Jesus had spoken so unreservedly and directly that His mean
ing could not be misapprehended. Study the effect as stated
in Mt. vv. 45, 46; Mk. v. 12; Lu. v. 19. With this general
situation, compare that in § 121: Mk. v. 18; Lu. vv. 47, 48.
Personal Thoughts:
"Bringing forth the fruit thereof." Is my relation to the
Kingdom of God characterized by that positive result in char
acter and in life? Do I try to hold to self-service, and yet
expect to enter into "the mysteries of the kingdom of God"?
The result: "The kingdom of God shall be taken away from
you." 168

Studies in the Life of Christ

STUDY 23: THE FIRST DAYS OF THE PASSION WEEK

Seventh Day: § 124. Three Parables of Warning (concluded)
I. Jesus had plainly stated that the most despised classes of
Jewish society, those who were "vile, loathesome and alien
to the feelings of the pure, the respectable and the patriotic"
were entering the Kingdom of God while the Jewish religious
leaders were without that Kingdom (ist Parable). Thus
there was a judgment based upon individual character. But
even as a nation the Jews were destined to a judgment by
which the Kingdom of God would go beyond them (2d
Parable). For the future, who then will be the possessors of
the blessings of that Kingdom? how does it pass to them? on
what conditions is it given? Jesus now answers these and
other questions in parabolic form.
2. In His teaching, Jesus opens with the Jewish relation to the
privileges of the Kingdom of God. Study the first part of the
parable as given in Mt. 22:1-10 Thoughtfully determine the
applications of the parable. What answer does this parable
give to the question as to what ' 'nation bringing forth the
fruits thereof ' was meant by Jesus when He spoke the second
parable?
3. While the invitations given to the feast were all-inclusive,
there were laws of propriety and decorum which must not be
violated. Study Mt w. n-13. In making the application
to the Kingdom of God and its laws, what class is represented
by "a man which had not on a wedding-garment"? Sug
gested: "The final condition of admission is the possession
of the character that suits the Kingdom." Thoughtfully
consider the general statement of the truth illustrated by the
parable as given in the final verse of the Section.
Personal thought:
"For many are called, but few chosen." Have I been
chosen? Have I the "wedding-garment" which determines
the answer to my question? In the thought of Jesus what is
that garment? His answer: § 49, Mt. 7:21. Have I been
chosen? 169

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STUDY 24: THE FINAL DAY OF THE PUBLIC MINISTRY
OF JESUS

First Day: § 125. Three Questions by the Jewish Rulers
(continued)
i. The public and demonstrative entry of Jesus into Jerusalem
on Sunday had caused consternation among the Jewish
authorities (§ 119: Lu. w. 39, 40; Jo. v. 19). His authori
tative act of Monday (§ 121) taken with the works (§ 121,
Mt. v. 14) and the teaching which followed it, and with the
ready reception of that teaching by ' 'the people' ' led them
to determine upon positive measures (§ i2i,Mk. v. 18). On
Tuesday morning as He again comes to the Temple they
are prepared to destroy His power (§ 123). In this they
are defeated, and He whom they oppose becomes the pro
phet of their destiny (§ 124). Opposition is deepened and
made more aggressive (§ 124: Lu. v. 19; Mk. v. 12).
2. ' 'They left him and went away. ' ' But there was a deep
purpose in this temporary withdrawal. Study the statement
of that purpose as given in § 125: Mt. v. 15; Mk. v. 13; Lu.
v. 20. Having failed to destroy the "authority" of "his
speech" (§ 123), they would "ensnare him." They chose
"spies" who affected a scruple of conscience. Observe the
end in Lu. v. 20 b; to put to death was beyond Jewish juris
diction; the Roman "governor" alone possessed that power.
3. Study the method they use as recorded in Lu. vv. 21, 22;
Mk. v. 14; Mt. vv. 16, 17. "The Herodians": Jews who
were devoted partisans of Herod's throne, as opposed to
those zealous for national independence, that is, the Phari
sees. Here, however, they unite in opposition to Him
whose power seems a menace to both. Study their manner
of approach. ' 'There is something in this fawning malice,
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STUDY 24: THE FINAL DAY OF THE PUBLIC MINISTRY
OF JESUS

First Day: § 125. Three Questions by the Jewish Rulers
(continued)
and treacherous flattery, almost as repulsive as the kiss of
Judas."
4. Read Mk. v. 15; Mt. w. 18, 19. "Why tempt ye me?":
If He said 'It is lawful,' the Pharisees would denounce him
to "the people," (cf. Deut. 17:15); if He said 'It is not
lawful,' the Herodians would report Him to Pilate as a
traitor. How may Jesus escape such superlative "crafti
ness' ' ?
5. Thoughtfully study the profound answer of Jesus as given in
Lu. vv. 23-25; Mk. vv. 16, 17 a; Mt. vv. 20, 21. Think
through this reply for its deeper meanings. ' 'Jesus Himself
had never felt the least contradiction between these two
orders of duties; and it is simply from His own pure con
sciousness that He derives this admirable solution." Study
the effect of Jesus' answer as in Mk. v. 17 b; Mt. v. 22;
Lu. v. 26.
PERSONAL THOUGHT:
"Render . . . unto God the things that are God's." How
much of myself do I owe to God? The answer by Jesus:
§ ioi, v. 33. How much of myself have I given to God?

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STUDY 24: THE FINAL DAY OF THE PUBLIC MINISTRY
OF JESUS

Second Day: § 125. Three Questions by the Jewish Rulers
(continued)
I. The Jewish people were divided in opinion concerning the
acceptance of Roman rule in Palestine (Herodians against
the Pharisees). We have seen how the parties united in
common hostility to Jesus. But there were vital differences
of belief among the Jews even in religious thought. In that
regard the Pharisees were opposed by the Sadducees. The
latter denied the resurrection of the body, the immortality
of the soul, and all retribution after death. They accepted
the books of Moses as authoritative, but regarded the other
parts of the Old Testament as of subordinate importance.
In the time of Jesus, the leading families of high priests were
Sadducees. They would have a supercilious scorn for
Jesus. Yet now in Jerusalem they must needs give heed to
Him.
2. The Sadducees approach Jesus with a commonplace, materi
alistic objection. Study § 125: Mt. vv. 23-28; Mk. w. 18-
23; Lu. w. 27-33. "Moses said": Deut. 25:5. Observe the
touch of sarcasm in this statement of a supposed case.
3. /esus had met apolitical question to the confusion of His
opponents. How may He meet this doctrinal problem?
Thoughtfully study His reply in Mt. vv. 29, 30; Mk. vv.
24, 25; Lu. w. 34-36. The Sadducees denied the exist
ence of angels (cf. Acts 23:8). "Worthy to attain to that
world, and the resurrection": compare § 100, v. 14; 1 Cor.
15:23; 1 Thess. 4:16; Phil. 3:11.
4. "Ye do err, not knowing the scriptures.'" So Jesus now
turns to the proof there given. Thoughtfully study Mt. vv.
31, 32; Mk. vv. 26, 27; Lu. vv. 37, 38. "In the book of
Moses" : Exod. 3:2-6. Precisely what is the argument here
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STUDY 24: THE FINAL DAY OF THE PUBLIC MINISTRY
OF JESUS

Second Day: § 125. Three Questions by the Jewish Rulers
(continued)
made by Jesus? It should be known that it does not depend
upon "am", for this word is not expressed at all in Mark
nor in the Hebrew. Seek for the profounder exposition
suggested by Jesus.
5. "The scribes of the Pharisees" had probably often sought
for proof with which to refute the Sadducees; but they
lacked the spiritual insight Study the effect of Jesus' reply
upon them in Lu. w. 39, 40; and upon the people in
Mt v. 33.
Personal Thoughts:
1. "Is it not for this cause that ye err, that ye know not the
scriptures nor the power of God?" Have I fortified myself
against fundamental religious error by a sincere study of the
scriptures, and a complete submission to the sway of the
power of God within me?
2. ' 'They that are accounted worthy to attain to that world,
and the resurrection. " Am I among these? The source of
the resurrection: § 105, vv. 25, 26. The right relation to
that source: § 68, vv. 53, 54. Am I among these?

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STUDY 24: THE FINAL DAY OF THE PUBLIC MINISTRY
OF JESUS

Third Day: § 125. Three Questions by the Jewish Rulers
(concluded)
i. The Pharisees and the Herodians had withdrawn when their
crafty question was so wisely and unattackably answered by
Jesus (§ 125, Mt. v. 22). The rivals of the Pharisees in
religious belief had come with an assumed sense of their
superiority to Jesus in wisdom and knowledge, and had pre
sented their doctrinal difficulty. The luminous wisdom and
spiritual depth of Christ's reply, by which the Sadducees were
put to silence, would have the approval of the Pharisees, who
were unable to confute the Sadducean argument. Yet they
would not have the Nazarene regarded as a victor over all.
2. Study the course they now take as stated in § 125: Mk. v.
28; Mt. vv. 34-36. The scribes were primarily copyists of
the law. Hence they had a minute knowledge of the text,
and had come to be regarded as wise expounders of its
meaning. As such they were called "lawyers." "The Jews
were fond of classifying the commandments as great and
small, or weighty and light."
3. Thoughtfully study the reply of Jesus as given in Mk. w.
29-31; Mt. vv. 37-40. Refer to Deut. 6:4, 5, and to Lev.
19:18. Dwell upon these laws till a conception is formed of
the effect upon the world if they were universally obeyed.
Perhaps some of the "lawyers" had themselves come to this
conclusion (cf. § 88, vv. 25-27). But what of their view of
the meaning (§ 88, v. 29)? For another statement by Jesus of
"thefirst"lawsee§49,Mt.6:24;of "thesecond,"§49,Mt.7:i2.
4. Study the effect of Jesus' answer as revealed by Mk. w. 32-
34. ' 'The scribe's mind had got a glimpse of the significance
of things, and thus of the supremacy of the moral over the
ceremonial. . . . He was bordering on the great reality of
true religion, subjection of spirit to the will of God."
Personal Thoughts:
1. "Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and
with all thy soul, and with all thy mind, and with all thy
strength." Is it my will that God completely possess all of
all of the powers of my being? Have I told Him so?
2. "Thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself." Accepting Jesus'
definition of my neighbor (§ 88), do I so love? Have I
shown them so? 174

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STUDY 24: THE FINAL DAY OF THE PLBLIC MINISTRY
OF JESUS

Fourth Day: § 126. Christ's Unanswerable Question
§ 127. The Discourse against the Scribes and
Pharisees (continued)
t. "No man after that durst ask him any question." He had
shown such depth of insight that the effort to "ensnare him
in his talk" was regarded as futile. Pharisees, Herodians,
Sadducees and Scribes had alike been met and put to con
fusion. Jesus knows that not many days hence He will be
condemned as a blasphemer (cf. § 44, vv. 17, i8;§ 92, v.
33! § l3&> Mt w. 63-66). He defends Himself in advance,
through a question addressed to those who had been ques
tioning Him. Here He may plead His cause in peace; not
so when before such a tribunal on Friday. Hence His far-
reaching question.
2. Thoughtfully study Jesus' question in § 126: Lu. vv. 41-44;
Mk. vv. 35-37; Mt. vv. 41-45. The reference is to Psalm
110:1. Compare § 82, v. 42. Consider how the argument
here used by Jesus answers the charge of blasphemy made
against Him.
3. To a question asked earlier in the day they had answered
"We know not" (§ 123). Read § 126, Mt. v. 46 for their
position on this question. And yet they were the religious
leaders, and claimed absolute reverence from the people!
But study the interesting and hopeful statement in § 126,
Mk. v. 37b.
4. ' 'All the select wisdom and ingenuity of the learned and ruling
classes, in both the great parties, had brought their most
puzzling questions to the young teacher from Nazareth, who
had never studied in any of the schools' ' (§82, v. 15). He had
answered profoundly. To His own questions no answers
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OF JESUS

Fourth Day: § 126. Christ's Unanswerable Question
§ 127. The Discourse against the Scribes and
Pharisees (continued)
were given. The time had come for the most outspoken and
unsparing severity. For the course now taken by Jesus, read
§ 127: Lu. vv. 45-47; Mk. w. 38-40. Dwell in thought
upon each of the characteristics possessed by "the scribes."
Yet, as interpreters of the Law, Jesus would give them right
ful recognition, for read § 127, Mt vv. 1-3. "They .ray, and do
not"; hence the additional condemnation, which read in
vv. 4-7.
5. Having apprehended the spirit of the scribes, turn now to a
study of the spirit which Jesus commends. Thoughtfully read
§ 127, Mt. w. 8-12. What a contrast!
Personal Thoughts:
1. "All their, works they do for to be seen of men." Am I
wholly free from this form of religious pride? Is any of my
work done for the praise of men?
2. "He that is greatest among you shall be your servant." Do
I judge my greatness by the measure of my service?
3. "Whosoever shall humble himselfshall be exalted." Do I seek
advancement among men by humility before God?

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STUDY 24: THE FINAL DAY OF THE PUBLIC MINISTRY
OF JESUS

Fifth Day: § 127. The Discourse against the Scribes and
Pharisees (concluded)
i. It is the final day of the public ministry of Jesus. He is now
delivering His final public discourse. It is in judgment of the
religious leaders. It marks the final rupture of Jesus with
the political, social and religious authorities of His nation.
Presently He will leave the Temple, never to return. About
a year before, Jesus had begun to severely censure the scribes
and Pharisees (§ 69, Mt. w. 7-9). Within a few months
He had denounced them (§ 94). His present denunciations
form, the climax of His public discourses.
2. Endeavor to recall what has already been learned concerning
the character of "the scribes and the Pharisees." Trace, in
memory, their treatment of Jesus through the different stages
of His ministry. Think of them as the leaders and religious
authorities for many thousands of the Jewish people. Con
sider how their whole method and spirit was opposed to that
of Jesus. Jesus now gives a more vivid and complete revela
tion of them, and His judgment upon them.
3. (1) The Kingdom: read §127, Mt. w. 13, 15. In what
different ways had they kept others from entering the king
dom? The proselytes would retain the faults of the heathen
and take on those of the Pharisees. (2) The Law: read
w. 16-24. They had wickedly encouraged the people to
violate oaths by these later distinctions of their own making.
"Ye tithe" : cf. § 109, v. 12. (3) Purity: read w. 25-28.
Compare § 69, Mk. vv. 3, 4. "Extortion": cf. § 127, Mk.
v. 40. "Tombs of the better class about Jerusalem were
caves, or artificial chambers cut in the limestone rock. The
exterior of these was whitewashed." (4) The true spirit
of Pharisaism: read vv., 29-36. Observe the growth in direct-
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STUDY 24: THE FINAL DAY OF THE PUBLIC MINISTRY
OF JESUS

Fifth Day: § 127. The Discourse against the Scribes and
Pharisees (concluded)
ness and earnestness in the discourse. As an historical com
ment upon v. 34, read i Thess. 2:14-16. The space from
Abel (Gen. 4:10) to Zachariah covers the whole history of
the Jews, for the Jewish canon closes with Chronicles (cf. 2
Chron. 24:20-22).
4. The final public discourse of Jesus draws to a close. What
feelings will possess Him as He realizes this? Learn that
from an appreciative study of the last paragraph of § 127.
Personal Thoughts:
"Ye also outwardly appear righteous unto men, but inwardly
ye are full of hypocrisy and iniquity." Is my religion out
ward or inward, formal or vital, of the mind or of the will,
Pharisaic or Christlike? If the keen spiritual insight of Jesus
were brought to bear upon my life now, what would be His
judgment of me?

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STUDY 24: THE FINAL DAY OF THE PUBLIC MINISTRY
OF JESUS

Sixth Day: § 128. The Widows Two Mites
§ 129. Gentiles Seeking Jesus (continued)
i. The final day of the public ministry of Jesus was marked by
many significant occurrences. For a knowledge of what had
already happened on that day, glance thoughtfully through
§§ 122-127. What would be the physical condition of Jesus
after these scenes? Read the first statement of § 128, Mk. v.
41 for a suggested answer. "The treasury": in the Court ol
the Women, where there were thirteen receptacles for reli
gious dues and offerings, each labeled to show the particular
object for which it was reserved (cf. § 84, v. 20).
2. Study § 128: Lu. vv. 1-4; Mk. vv. 41-44. "This incident,
' witnessed by Jesus at such a time, resembles a flower which
He comes upon all at once in the desert of official devotion,
the sight and perfume of which make Him leap with joy. "
3. Jesus had definitely announced the judgment of the Jews
(§ 124, Mt. v- 43). In plainest terms He had just given the
basis for that judgment ( § 127). He had spoken His fare
well words to the Jewish nation (§ 127, Mt. v. 39). How
significant that at this point the Gentile world said, -"We
would see Jesus" ! For the account, read § 129, vv. 20-22.
4. The act of the Greeks in seeking Jesus, produces a profound
impression upon Him. He becomes absorbed in the deeper
meanings which it suggests. Thoughtfully study vv. 23-25.
Jesus here utters "the most profound law of human life." Is
that law for His life only? Study the explicit answer in v. 26.
5. To follow that law means death to Jesus. Reverently con
sider the feelings this thought awakens within Him, -v. 27.
He will obey,-v. 28 a. "Each time that the Son performs
a great act of self-humiliation and consecration, the Father
answers by a sensible manifestation of approval, "-study
v.28 b (cf. §§ 19, 77).
Personal Thoughts:
1. "They all did cast in of their superfluity." Is this true of
my monetary gifts to the Kingdom of God? Do I always
give to the point of real self-denial?
2. "He that loveth his life loseth it; and he that hateth his life
in this world shall keep it unto life eternal." "Everything
which is not surrendered to God by a free act of sacrifice, con
tains a germ of death." Have I surrendered everything?
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STUDY 24: THE FINAL DAY OF THE PUBLIC MINISTRY
OF JESUS

Seventh Day: § 129. Gentiles Seeking Jesus (concluded)
§ 130. The Jews' Rejection of Christ
i« "Father, glorify thy name." It was the prayer of obedience.
Study again the result which followed the prayer, as stated
in § 1 29, v. 28. Thoughtfully study answer and prayer in
§ 19, Luke.
2. Read § 129, w. 29-34. "Out of the law": the view of the
Messiah advanced by them was probably based on such pas
sages as Isa. 9:6,7; Psa. 110:1-4; Dan. 7:14 (cf. § 5, v. 33).
Dwell in thought upon Jesus' vast conception of His mission
(v. 32). What relation between this revelation and the
coming of the Greeks?
3. Jesus does not directly answer. The time to teach has
passed. He speaks a last warning, and makes a final appeal.
Study His words in § 129, vv. 35,36. "He departed":
probably to Bethany, where he remained in retirement on
Wednesday.
4. Having traced the history to this point of crisis, John medi
tates retrospectively upon the fact which the records have
revealed. Study his conclusions as stated in § 130, vv. 37-
41. The references: Isa. 53:1:6:9, 10. "God has so con
stituted man, that, when he does not resist the first begin
nings of sin, he loses the right of disposing of himself, and
forcibly obeys even to the end the power to which he has
surrendered himself."
5. John has given a dark picture. Has he anything of hope?
Study vv. 42, 43. Even here he finds a vital defect.
6. "The summary of all the testimonies of Jesus which the Jews
ought to have believed, but which they rejected." The last
paragraph of § 130 is regarded as such, and not as a new
utterance (cf. § 1 29, v. 36 b). With much careful thought,
study that summary. What are its several great truths con
cerning the person and teaching of Jesus?
Personal thought:
"They loved the glory of men more than the glory of God."
Do I allow the glory or praise of men to have any place in
the determination of the purposes, plans or individual acts of
my life? 180

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STUDY 25: THE DISCOURSE ON THE LAST THINGS AND
THE LAST SUPPER

FIRST DAY: § 131. DISCOURSE CONCERNING THE DESTRUCTION
OF JERUSALEM AND THE END OF THE WORLD
(continued)
I. Jesus has spoken His final public discourse. The day is
Tuesday of the Passover week. All through the day He
has been speaking in the courts of the Temple (§§ 122-130).
It is now probably the evening. The conflicts with Phari
sees, Herodians, Sadducees and scribes are over for the day.
Jesus would add nothing to the judgment He has passed
upon the nation. Study His course as in § 131, Mt. v. 1.
"On his way": returning to the mount of Olives, whence
He had come that morning. Now read § 131: Lu. v. 5;
Mk. v. 1. It was a view which came to them as they were
ascending the mount, probably as the last rays of sunset
kindled into splendor the white stone and gold of the Tem
ple. "What manner of stones!": some of them forty by
twelve by twenty feet. But the thoughts of Jesus are other
than those of the disciples, for read Lu. v. 6; Mt. v. 2; Mk.
v. 2. Fulfilled under Titus.
2. Jesus and the disciples climb the mount. They rest. Study
Mk. w. 3, 4; Lu. v. 7; Mt v. 3. "These things": to
what did the disciples refer? Which evangelist adds a ques
tion about something beyond "these things"? Yet possibly
the disciples did not separate between the destruction of
Jerusalem and the end of the world. Jesus has not clearly
done so in the records we have of His reply. The two events
were somewhat confused in the general Jewish conception.
3. "What shall be the sign?" To those who have a keen sight
for signs, Jesus has a "Take heed," for there are signs
which are not signs. Of some of these, read in Mk. vv. 5«
7; Mt vv. 4-6: Lu. vv. 8, 9.
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STUDY 25: THE DISCOURSE ON THE LAST THINGS AND
THE LAST SUPPER

First Day: § 131. Discourse concerning the Destruction
of jerusalem and the end of the world
(continued)
4. "The end is not yet." Read Lu. vv. 10, 11; Mk. v. 8;
Mt. vv. 7, 8. "All these things," which are events certain
to happen again and again in the history of the world, "are
the beginning1 ' and not to be taken as having any reference
to ' 'the end of the world' ' . With the disciples, as with
many of their successors, there was need of this caution
against being "led astray."
5. Rather than encourage concern about "the sign," Jesus
would return to practical, personal considerations. Read
Mk. v. 9; Lu. vv. 12, 13. If, however, the question of
' 'the end' ' still persists, the answer is explicit. Read Mk.
v. 10. Tranquillity, not concern, should, however, mark
the disciples' course. Read Mk. v. ii; Lu. vv. 14, 15.
Even the severest personal trials are no indication of ' 'the
end." Read Mk. vv. 12, 13; Lu. vv. 16-18; Mt. w. 9-13.
6. To all of these false signs (cf. Mk. v. 5), Jesus would give
one unmistakable corrective. Thoughtfully study Mt. v.
14 (cf. Mk. v. 10).
Personal thought:
"Take heed that no man lead you astray." Do I take my
thoughts of the time and manner of future religious events
from the Teaching of Jesus?

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STUDY 25: THE DISCOURSE ON THE LAST THINGS AND
THE LAST SUPPER

Second Day: § 131. discourse concerning the destruc
tion of Jerusalem and the End of the
WORLD (continued)
I. "What shall be the sign?" To save them from misconcep
tion, Jesus has already told them of some things which are
not "the sign" (First Day). He now speaks about a true
sign of the fulfillment of "these things." Read of it in Lu.
v. 20. Study the less direct statement in Mt. v. 16; Mk. v.
14,-refer to Dan. 9:26, 27. And Jesus intended that this
sign should have a practical bearing on the movements of
the Christians. Read Mk. vv. 14-16; Mt. vv. 16-18; Lu.
w. 21, 22. Remembering this warning of Jesus, the Chris
tians of Judea fled to Pella beyond Jordan, and thus escaped
the catastrophe. For some knowledge of that catastrophe,
read Mt. vv. 19-22; Mk. vv. 17-20; Lu. w. 23, 24. "On a
Sabbath": for the traditional law put a Sabbath day journey
at 1,050 yards. No recorded distresses have been so vast,
so prolonged, so terrible as those which were endured by
Jerusalem. A million of Jews perished in this war; 97,000
were led captive to Egypt and the other provinces of the
Roman empire.
2. Yet even the destruction of Jerusalem does not betoken "the
end of the world." The awful events connected with it may
multiply false teachers, "But take ye heed." Read Mt. vv.
23-25; Mk. vv. 21-23. "What shall be the 'sign of thy com
ing?" (Mt. v. 3): for Jesus' answer, study Mt. vv. 26-28.
3. The reference to "the coming of the Son of man" leads Jesus
to some additional statements on that subject: (1) what pre
cedes it, -read Mt. v. 29; Mk. vv. 24, 25; Lu. vv. 25, 26;
(2) the event, -read Lu. vv. 27, 28; Mk. vv. 26, 27; Mt. vv.
30, 3,1- 183

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STUDY 25: THE DISCOURSE ON THE LAST THINGS AND
THE LAST SUPPER

SECOND DAY: § 131. DISCOURSE CONCERNING THE DESTRUC
TION OF JERUSALEM AND THE END OF THE
WORLD (continued)
4. Jesus now returns to "these things" about which the dis
ciples primarily inquired. He has told them fully of "the
sign" (Lu. v. 20). He has not yet answered the question
"when?" (Mk. v. 4). For the reply to that inquiry,
thoughtfully study Mt. vv. 32-35; Mk. w. 28-31; Lu. w.
29-33. So the two parts of the question as stated by Mark
(v. 4) and Luke (v. 7) are fully answered.
5. From Matthew the question seems larger (v. 3). Jesus has
answered about "the sign . . . the world" (Mt. w. 29-31).
But "when" as to that event? What may He say as to
"that day or that hour"? Find His answer in Mk. v. 32;
Mt. v. 36.
6. Though Jesus was not able to announce the time of "the end
of the world," He has counsel for the practical guidance of
every life in its relation to that event. Study Mt. w. 37-42;
Lu. w. 34-36; Mk. vv. 33-37.
PERSONAL THOUGHT:
"Watch therefore: for ye know not on what day your Lord
cometh." Do I always so live that no moment of any day
finds me in such a life that I would be ashamed in the
immediate presence of Christ?

184

Studies in the Life of Christ

STUDY 25: THE DISCOURSE ON THE LAST THINGS AND
THE LAST SUPPER

Third Day: § 131. Discourse Concerning the destruction
of Jerusalem and the End of the world
(continued)
I. "Watch therefore: for ye know not on what day your Lord ,
cometh." That was the message of Jesus in final answer to
the inquiry from His disciples, "what shall be the sign of thy
coming?" He dwells upon and more fully develops and
emphasizes that fundamental characteristic of a disciple. His
thought is given in beautiful, parabolic form.
2 Study the thought as expressed in the parable-germ given
by Matthew (vv. 43, 44). As applied to the disciples of
Christ, what is the truth taught?
3 Study another form under which Jesus presents His teach
ing, -Mt. vv. 45-51. Observe here again (v. 50) that
solemn refrain which has marked these references to future
events (cf. vv. 42, 44).
4 The subject of watching occupied a very prominent place in
the thoughts of Jesus in His last days. He would emphasize
and re-emphasize the need to His disciples. Study the
beautiful parable by which He now presents the truth, -Mt.
25:1-13. Read consecutively § 131: Mt 24:42, 44, 50;
25=13-
5. "Watch therefore, for ye know not the day nor the hour."
But there are other duties besides that of watchfulness.
Learn these from a thoughtful study of Mt.. 25:14-30. What
are the truths taught by Jesus through the parable of the
talents?
6. What are the several characteristics of true discipleship
which Jesus has revealed through His references to "the
coming of the Son of man"?
PERSONAL THOUGHT;
"For unto every one that hath shall be given, and he shall
have abundance: but from him that hath not, even that
which he hath shall be taken away." Am I making the
most faithful and diligent possible use, on behalf of the
Kingdom of God, of every talent with which God has
entrusted me? 185

Studies in the Life of Christ
STUDY 25: THE DISCOURSE ON THE LAST THINGS AND
THE LAST SUPPER

Fourth Day: § 131. Discourse concerning the destruc
tion of Jerusalem and the End of the
World (concluded)
I. Jesus has told His disciples clearly of both "the sign" and the
time of the destruction of Jerusalem. Concerning "the sign
of thy coming, and of the end of the world" He has made
some revelations, but has announced that "of that day and
hour knoweth no one . . . but the Father only. " In the
absence of definite knowledge on the time oi "the coming of
the Son of man", His words are Beware! Endure! Watch!
Pray! Labor! He now concludes the discourse with some
revelations of the nature and significance of His coming.
2. The time is not known even by the Son, but when it does
come, then-§ 131, Mt. 25:31-33 makes the statement of the
purpose; study that paragraph. State carefully in other
words, the truths here taught.
3. Jesus now gives some revelation of the basis of judgment for
the solemn separation of which He has just spoken. Thought
fully read vv. 34-40. What is here given as that which deter
mines the destiny of the individual? Why do these acts have
such vital significance?
4. With deep solemnity those "on the left hand" are addressed.
Study the cause of their condemnation, as stated in vv. 41-46.
What was the fundamental wrong in them? Thus Jesus ends
His great eschatological discourse on the Mount of Olives.
5. Jesus had announced His approaching death to His disciples
many months before (§ 76). He had several times repeated
it (§§ 77> 79. 82>_ 84, 113). They were slow to understand
Him. The end is near. Study His final announcement in
§ 131, Mt. 26:1, 2.
6. Read§ 131: Mk. 11:19; Lu. w. 37, 38. If "the people"
came on Wednesday morning, they did not find Him "in the
temple" as they had on Monday and Tuesday.
Personal Thoughts:
"Inasmuch as ye did it not unto one of these least, ye did it
not unto me." Have I obeyed "the great and first com
mandment" (§ 125, Mk. w. 29, 30), but failed to obey the
"second like unto it" (§ 125, Mt. vv. 38, 39)? "Then shall
he say also unto them on the left hand. Depart from me, ye
cursed." 186

Studies in the Life of Christ
STUDY 25: THE DISCOURSE ON THE LAST THINGS AND
THE LAST SUPPER

Fifth Day: § 132. The Conspiracy between the Chief Priests
and Judas
I. The final day of the public ministry of Jesus has been filled
with intense activities, both in Jerusalem (§§ 122-130), and
on the mount of Olives (§ 131 ). It is now the close of that
memorable day. In § 132, read Lu. v. 1; Mk. v. 1 a; Mt.
vv. 1, 2. "After two days": Wednesday and Thursday
must intervene before the Friday on which the paschal lamb
is to be eaten. For some knowledge of the Passover, read
rapidly but thoughtfully through Exod. 1 2 : 1 - 20. The Passover
season corresponds to the end of March and beginning of April.
2. It is now the night following the great series of discourses in
the Temple, by which Jesus so defeated and silenced the
Jewish teachers. He has left the city, and with His disciples
is spending the night upon the mount of Olives. But where
are those who have been so bitterly opposing Him during the
day? For the answer, make a study of § 132: Mt. vv. 3-5;
Mk. vv. 1 b, 2; Lu. v. 2. "Their humiliation and defeat
before the people-the immense and divine superiority of the
wisdom of Jesus so publicly displayed-had at last aroused
them into irreconcilable hostility."
3. Make a thoughtful comparative study of the four statements
of hostility: (1) § 121, Mt. vv. 15-17; (2) § 124, Mt. vv. 45,
46; (3) § 125, Lu. v. 20; (4) § 132, Mt. vv. 3-5. What are
the differences, and what development is shown?
4. "Not during the feast." But when they so determined they
did not expect aid from that source from which it now came.
Study § 132: Mt. w. 14-16; Mk. vv. 10, 11; Lu. vv. 3-6.
Judas was baffled for a time by the entire and unexpected
seclusion which Jesus observed on Wednesday and Thursday.
"Instead of dominion, -service; instead of power, -persecu
tion; instead of honor,-shame; this was ajl that was left of
his hopes and prospects once so brilliant." So he "cove
nanted" to sell Him whom he professed to serve.
Personal Thoughts:
"What are ye willing to give me, and I will deliver him unto
you?" For how much would I renounce all allegiance to
Jesus Christ? By how much, which I am unwilling to give,
am I now kept from a full allegiance to Him?
187

Studies in the Life of Christ
STUDY 25: THE DISCOURSE ON THE LAST THINGS AND
THE LAST SUPPER

Sixth Day: § 133. The Last Supper (continued)
i. After that momentous Tuesday, Jesus, itseems, remained
almost two days in retirement. He does not again enter Jeru
salem until the evening of Thursday. But during that day
two of His disciples go to the city on His behalf. In § 133,
read Mt. v. 17; Mk. v. 12; Lu. vv. 7-9. In explanation of
Luke's seventh verse, it may be said that the lambs for the
Passover feast were sacrificed in the temple, from three to six
o' clock on Thursday afternoon. The Jewish day began with
sunset, so the feast was opened some hours after the sacrifice
by the supper at which the lamb was eaten. Thus the feast
proper began with Friday, that is, with six o'clock of Thurs
day evening; but the period of "unleavened bread" included
the preceding or preparatory day, that is, Thursday.
2. Read § 133: Mt. vv. 18, 19; Lu. vv. 10-13; Mk. vv. 13-16.
' 'Jesus gave no name because he did not wish Judas to learn
the place in advance, being aware of his treacherous designs,
and desiring to remain uninterrupted till a later hour."
"The householders at Jerusalem were accustomed to receive
into their houses without charge such family groups as
wished to eat the paschal lamb."
3. Read Mt. v. 20; Mk. v. 17; Lu. v. 14. "When the hour
was come' ' : that is, after sunset, and consequently on the
opening of the Jewish Friday, or our Thursday evening.
Thoughtfully read Lu. w. 15-18. What is meant by
"until it be fulfilled in the kingdom of God"?
4. And now in these last holy hours surely no ambitious
thought can have any place within His disciples. But read
Lu. v. 24! With infinite patience, He again quietly repeats
one of the great laws of the Kingdom of God. Study Lu.
vv. 25-27. Yet He has a promise of place for the men of
this group, for read Lu. vv. 28-30. That will come after
His law has been fully learned and obeyed.
Personal Thoughts:
"He that is the greater among you, let him become as the
younger, and he that is chief, as he that doth serve." Do I
obey this law of Jesus in all of my relations with others?
Would I attain to some measure of the true greatness of
Christ? Then His method: "I am in the midst of you as
he that serveth. " Is that my method?
188

Studies in the Life of Christ

STUDY 25: THE DISCOURSE ON THE LAST THINGS AND
THE LAST SUPPER

Seventh day: § 133. The Last supper (concluded)
I. "I am in the midst of you as he that serveth." The "con
tention among them" had brought forth this statement of the
law of Jesus' life. He had called His disciples to an obe
dience of the same law for the life of each of them (§ 133,
Lu. v. 26). Now by a definite act of service He would
impress the truth so often taught in the past, and as often
completely disregarded by the disciples. John has given us
the record. Thoughtfully study his ist to nth verses in
§ 133. What did Jesus mean by His answer in the 7th verse?
With v. 8a compare § 76, Mt. v. 22. "If I wash thee not,
thou hast no part with me' ' : ' 'The first condition of disciple
ship is self-surrender." What is meant by Jesus in v. 10?
What characteristics of Peter are evidenced in this narrative?
2. The significance of Jesus' act would be but partly appre
hended. He gives His own interpretation of it. Study His
statement in Jo. vv. 12-17. Even with Jesus' explana
tion, there was a "hereafter" of clearer insight (v. 7), which
followed His highest act of service-His death.
3. "Blessed are ye if ye do them." But He knew that not all
would do, for study Jo. vv. 18-20. "The scripture" : Ps. 41:
9. He had a purpose in thus revealing clearly His fore
sight (v. 19).
4. Jesus reference to the betrayer (Jo. v. 18). awakened deep
feelings, and led to more definite statements. Thoughtfully
read Mk. vv. 18-21; Mt. vv. 21-25; Lu. vv. 21-23. Now
make a study of the more circumstantial account given by
John in vv. 21-30.
5. Make a careful comparative study of Lu. vv. 19, 20; Mt. vv.
26-29; Mk. vv. 22-25. For words corresponding in part to
Mt. v. 29 and Mk. v. 25, see p. 180, Lu. vv. 17, 18.
6. The Jews were accustomed to sing Psalms 113 to 118 in con
nection with the paschal meal. Read § 133. Mt. v. 30;
Lu. v. 26.
Personal Thoughts:
"I have given you an example, that ye also should do as 1
have done to you." Have I followed the example given me
by Jesus through a full acceptance of a life oi service? "If
ye know these things, blessed are ye if ye do them."
189

Studies in the Life of Christ
STUDY 26: THE FAREWELL DISCOURSES OF JESUS

First Day-. § 134. Christ's Farewell Discourses (continued)
i. "Jesus has thus taken leave of Judas, an eternal leavetaking.
He turns now towards His own, and the farewell which He
addresses to them is an: until we meet again. The departure
of Judas has restored to His restrained feeling all its freedom.
He can henceforth pour forth His feelings. Softened as they
are by the love of which He has just borne witness, humbled
as they have never been, even by His humility, the apostles
are now well prepared to receive and to appropriate to them
selves His last revelations. ' ' For some knowledge of the
effect of Judas' withdrawal, study § 134, Jo. vv. 31, 32.
2. Study the "new commandment" of Jesus to His "little
children" as given in Jo. vv. 33-35. In what sense was this
a new commandment (cf. Lev. 19:18; § 125, Mk. w. 29-31)?
' 3. Peter asks the question now uppermost in the thoughts of the
disciples. Study Jo. vv. 36-38. Now read the record by
Matthew (vv. 31-35), then that by Mark (w. 27-31). "It
is written" : in Zech. 13:7. What characteristics of Peter
are evidenced here? Dwell upon the thoughts suggested by
Mt. v. 32, and by Mk. v. 31. Study Luke's statement of
this incident (vv. 31-34). "The tempter is present; he has
gained the mastery of Judas; he threatens the other disciples
also; he is preparing to attack Jesus Himself (cf. § 134, Jo.
14:30). And the danger to each is in proportion to the
greater or less amount of alloy which his heart contains."
4. To that time, the Twelve, protected by the favor which Jesus
enjoyed with the people, had led a life of security. "But
now"-what? Read Lu. vv. 35-38 (cf. Isa. 53:12; § 64,Mt
w. 9, 10; § 87, Lu. v. 4). That there may be no misin
terpretation read also § 137: Jo. vv. 10, n; Mt w. 51, 52.
5. Jesus had said much on this evening that tended to cause
alarm. He would now restore confidence. Read Jo. 14:1-4.
But the question of Peter (§ 134, Jo. 13:36), as yet unan
swered, remains as a difficulty now intensified, for read Jo.
14:5-7. The answer of Jesus is misapprehended, for read the
next verse. Thoughtfully study now the self-revelation
given by Jesus in Jo. 14:9-11.
Personal thought:
"I will lay down my life for thee" (cf. § 148, w. 18, 19).
Is my loyalty to Jesus Christ so absolute that, if necessary,
I would profess and do as Peter professed and did?
190

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STUDY 26: THE FAREWELL DISCOURSES OF JESUS

Second Day: § 134. Christ's Farewell Discourses (continued)
I. Having revealed the truth of His union with the Father(§ 134,
Jo. 14:9,10), Jesus called His disciples to positive belief in
thattruth (§ 134, Jo. 14:11). But that belief, based, it may
be, on His works, has a positive power in other works,-read
y. 1 2 ( cf. Acts 2 14 1 ) . Jesus now indicates the believer' s part
in these works,-read vv. 13, 14. What constitutes the true
limitation of prayer and of works?
2. Having thus fully answered the several questions of His dis
ciples suggested by ' 'Yet a little while I am with you' ' (§ 1 34,
Jo. 13:33), Jesus gives some words of consolation to His
"Little children." Thoughtfully study those words in vv.
15-17. Upon what condition in the disciple does Jesus make
the gift of "the Spirit of truth" to depend?
3. The promise gives comfort. But does it mean that Jesus will
not Himself be with them? Study thoughtfully His words in
w. 18-21. So "the Spirit of truth" is none other than "Jesus
Himself in another form." For some apprehension of the
expediency of Christ's bodily departure, dwell in thought
upon the statement in the 20th verse. ' 'The transcendent
fact of the communion between Jesus and God will become
for them the object of a distinct perception through the imme
diate, experience of their own communion with Jesus. ' ' Upon
what condition in the disciple does Jesus make the manifes
tation of Himself to depend?
4. Another disciple has a difficulty. Thoughtfully study ques
tion and reply in vv. 22-24. According to Jesus, what is it
that determines whether or not He will manifest Himself to
any man? Why is He not manifest "unto the world"?
5. Thoughtfully study the closing reflections of Jesus as in vv.
25-31. Thus He returns to the, "Let not your heart be
troubled." What reasons does Jesus give for His accept
ance of death (v. 31)?
Personal Thoughts:
"If ye love me, ye will keep my commandments" (v. 15).
"If a man love me, he will keep my word" (v. 23). "He
that hath my commandments, and keepeth them, he it is that
loveth me: and he that loveth me shall be loved of my Father,
and I will love him, and will manifest myself unto him"
(v. 21). Do I fully comply with this fundamental condi
tion for the personal manifestation of Jesus to myself?
191

Studies in the Life of Christ
STUDY 26: THE FAREWELL DISCOURSES OF JESUS

Third Day: § 134. Christs Farewell Discourses (continued)
I. "Arise, let us go hence" (§ 134, Jo. 14:31). From the
' 'large upper room' ' Jesus and the disciples now probably
went toward the Mount of Olives. If the discourses which
follow were spoken at some point on the way, the vineyards
on the hillsides, or, more especially, the fires of the vine-
prunings by Kidron, may have furnished the image He now
uses. The thought of Jesus is now turned toward the more
distant future of His disciples, in their relation ( 1 ) to Him,
( 2) to each other, (3 ) to the world.
2. Thoughtfully study § 134, Jo. 15:1-8. For the central
thought of Jesus here, take His words,— "beareth not fruit",
"beareth fruit", "bear more fruit", "bear fruit", "much
fruit", "much fruit". Determine with clearness what Jesus
means by "Abide in me". What condition of prevailing
prayer does Jesus here give? What relation does the prayer
bear to "much fruit"?
3. Thoughtfully study vv. 9-1 1. What does Jesus give as the
basis of the "joy" which marked His life? What way does
He give for the fulfilment of the joy of any disciple of His?
4. Readv. 12 with v. 17. Now study the several thoughts by
which the two statements of the commandment are con
nected, vv. 12-17. Read vv. 9 a and 12 as one verse, with
observation of the "Even as", "even as". What does
Jesus give as the larger purpose in His choice of this group
of friends? ' 'That your fruit should abide' ' : upon what does
the stability of any Christian work depend?
5. But the disciples will bear a relation to the world as well as to
Jesus (vv. 1-1 1 ), and to each other (vv. 12-17). For Jesus'
statement of that future, read vv. 18-25. "The word that I
said": cf. § 64, Mt. 10:24. "Intheirlaw": Ps. 35:19; 69:4.
Personal Thoughts:
1. "If ye abide in me, and my words abide in you, ask what
soever ye will, and it shall be done unto you." Do I fulfil
this fundamental condition of prevailing prayer?
2. "If ye keep my commandments, ye shall abide in my love;
even^ as I have kept my Father's commandments, and abide
in his love." Do I abide in Christ through this unmistakable
way revealed to me by Him?
3. "Ye are my friends, if ye do the things which I command
you." Judged by the standard which He gives, am I a
friend of Jesus? 192

Studies in the Life of Christ
STUDY 26: THE FAREWELL DISCOURSES OF JESUS

Fourth Day: § 134. Christ's Farewell Discourses (continued)
I. Jesus has spoken of the hatred of the world (§134, Jo. 15:
18-25). He will develop that truth more fully. But He
interrupts Himself for a moment to refer to the power which
will sustain the disciples. Read § 134, Jo. 15:26, 27. It is
still "bear witness", "bear witness" in order to the "bear
fruit," "much fruit" of Jo. 15:1-8.
2. Jesus has even more serious things to announce to the dis
ciples. Read § 134, Jo. 16:1-4. For a comment on v. 2,
read the course of Paul, as in Acts 26:9-11. All was to be
different after Jesus had gone and when they had fully
entered upon their great mission. Yet it was "expedient,"
for read vv. 5-7. ' 'No one asked how this departure affected
Him; so completely had their own sorrow absorbed them.
Thus they missed the abiding significance of His departure
for themselves." "It is expedient": "The withdrawal of
His limited bodily Presence necessarily prepared the way for
the recognition of a universal Presence." In what other
ways was it expedient?
3. "The Spirit of truth," of whom Jesus makes such promise,
bears a relation ( 1 ) to the world, (2) to the disciples. (1)
Concerning His relation to the world, study thoughtfully in
vv. 8-1 1. Determine with clearness the meaning of the
separate statements of v. 9, v. 10 and v. 11. (2) Concern
ing the relation of "the Spirit of truth" to the disciples,
make a careful study of vv. 12-15. "He shall not speak
from himself": "His teaching is the perfect expression of the
one will of God." That which is here affirmed of the Spirit
is also said of Jesus (cf. § 82, v. 16; § 84, vv. 26, 28; § 85,
vv. 38, 40; § 134, Jo. 15:15b). For some knowledge of
the vital work of "the Spirit of truth," dwell much in
thought upon the revelation given in v. 14. ' 'There is a
mysterious exchange here and, as it were, a rivalry of divine
humility. The Son labors only to glorify the Father, and
the Spirit desires only to glorify the Son. Christ, His word
and His work-herein is the sole text on which the Spirit will
comment in the souls of the disciples."
Personal Thought:
"Howbeit when he, the Spirit of truth, is come, he shall
guide you into all the truth." Do I constantly fulfil the
condition on which the Spirit of truth is given (cf. Acts 5 :? 2)?
193

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STUDY 26: THE FAREWELL DISCOURSES OF JESUS

Fifth Day: § 134. CHRisrs Farewell Discourses (concluded)
I. Jesus has opened some distant prospects to His disciples with
reference to their life and work in the future. He now returns
to that matter which most occupies the thoughts of the pres
ent moments, that of His impending departure. How natu
ral that He should thus close! Read § 134, Jo. 16:16-18.
"The objections of the disciples are natural, from their point
of view. Where for us all is clear, for them all was mysteri
ous. If Jesus wishes to found the Messianic kingdom, why
go away? If He does not wish it, why return? Then, how
can they imagine these contrary phases which are to be
accomplished one after another?"
2. Jesus anticipates their question. Read vv. 19-22. He does
not explain the supreme facts which are about to succeed
each other so rapidly, for that would be an explanation which
they could not understand. He limits Himself to a descrip
tion of the consequences of these facts. ' 'A time of bitter
sorrow is to be followed by joy ( 19, 20), by joy springing( so
to speak) naturally out of the sorrow (21, 22)." And that
joy is to be carried to a complete fulfilment, for read w. 23,
24. The privileges are: a full knowledge (v. 23 a) and a
full power (v. 23 b). So "the Spirit of truth" is "Jesus
Himself in another form."
3. The disciples had many questions while Hewas with them in
the flesh. But the future will be different Read w. 25-27.
Study the 28th verse as ' 'a brief summary of the whole his
toric work of Christ. ' ' Now study the effect upon the dis
ciples of ' 'this simple and precise recapitulation of all the
mysteries of His past, present and future existence, " as given
in vv. 29, 30. "Here is for Jesus a moment of unutterable
sweetness; He is recognized and understood-He Jesus-by
these eleven Galileans. This is for Him enough; His work
is for the moment ended. There remains nothing further
for Him but to close the conversation and give thanks.'
Read w. 31-33.
Personal thought:
"Your joy no one taketh away from you." Is such joy one
of the characteristics of my service of Christ?
194

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STUDY 26: THE FAREWELL DISCOURSES OF JESUS

Sixth Day: § 135. The Intercessory Prayer (continued)
i. "The announcement of victory with which Jesus closed His
conversations with the disciples (§ 134, Jo. 16:33) was an
anticipation of faith. To transform the victory which was
announced into a present reality, nothing less was needed
than the action of the omnipotence of God. It is to Him that
Jesus turns."
2. (1) The prayer of Jesus for Himself:
Thoughtfully, reverently and prayerfully study § 135, w.
1-5. What is the object of that glorification of Himself for
which Jesus prays? Give much thought to Jesus' profound
definition of "eternal life" (v. 3). What is meant by
"know"? "I glorified thee": "By a life of absolute obedi
ence and love Christ had revealed-and therefore glorified— the
Father." "The work which thou hast given me": "Christ's
work is not self-chosen, but wrought out in perfect obedi
ence." With v. 5, thoughtfully read Phil. 2:5-11.
3. (2) The prayer of Jesus for His disciples:
(a) His ministry with them, -study vv. 6-8. "I manifested
thy name": "Christ made known perfectly the name of God
as Father in His life. Even to the Jew this conception of the
relation of God to man was new." With vv. 7, 8, read again
§ 134, Jo. 16:29, 30. Jesus has set forth the character and
the position of the disciples, what they had received and
made their own; He now looks forward to their future.
(b) His prayer for them, -study w. 9-13. "The scripture" :
Ps. 41:9. "I am glorified in them" : "To glorify God or
Christ is to make Him known or to acknowledge Him as
being what He is. Here then Christ bears witness to the
faith of the disciples who had been enabled to confess Him
even in His state of self-humiliation." "That they may be
one": "The unity is not only of will and love but of nature,
perfectly realized in absolute harmony in Christ." "These
things I speak" : "The prayer was uttered aloud that the
disciples might draw strength from the words which they
heard."
PERSONAL THOUGHT:
'I glorified thee on the earth" (v. 4). "I manifested thy
name" (v. 6). Am I doing on behalf of the Son those
things which the Son did on behalf of the Father?
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STUDY 26: THE FAREWELL DISCOURSES OF JESUS

Seventh Day: § 135. The Intercessory Prayer (concluded)
I. Thoughtfully study, as a whole, the prayer made by Jesus for
His own person (§ 135, vv. 1-5). Now read Jesus' review
of His ministry for His disciples (w. 6-8). Give new thought
to the prayer for the disciples to the point already considered
(vv. 9-13). But the disciples are not only going to remain
alone in the world; they are to be the objects of its hatred.
Study the additional requests of Jesus on their behalf, as in w.
14-19. What does Jesus mean by the prayer of v. 17? "I
sanctify myself ' : ' 'He showed through His life how all that
is human may be brought wholly into the service of God.
The sacrifice of life was now to be consummated in death,
whereby the last offering of self was made. ' '
2. (3) The prayer of Jesus for all believers:
Thoughtfully study the remaining verses of the chapter (w.
20-26). "That they may all be one": "That which sepa
rates believers is what they have oi self in their views and
will; that which unites them is what they have of Christ, and
thereby of the divine, in them." What does Jesus set forth
as the result of such unity? To what does Jesus refer in His
mention of "the glory which thou hast given me"? "That
they may behold my glory": "The glory here spoken of is
the glory of a restored and consummated harmony of God and
man, which is made the final object of the contemplation of
believers, even as it is already potentially given to them (cf.
v. 22). "In the two concluding verses (vv. 25, 26) the jus
tification (if we may so speak) of the whole prayer is gathered
up in a simple enumeration of the facts of the world's ignor
ance, Christ's knowledge, and the disciples' faith; and the
substance of it in the two fold end, that the love of the Father
for the Son, and the Son Himself, may be in the disciples,
who henceforward represent Him."
3. Thoughtfully read through the prayer of Jesus as a whole.
Personal Thought:
As a disciple of Jesus, am I fulfilling the mission which He
here reveals as that chosen by Him for those who are His?
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STUDY 27: JESUS IN GETHSEMANE AND BEFORE THE
JEWISH AUTHORITIES

First Day: § 136. The Agony in Gethsemane
i. Jesus and His disciples may have remained in the "large
upper room" during the profound discourses of John 15
and 16, and the sweet and solemn prayer of John 17, not
withstanding the suggestion of § 134, Jo. 14:31 b. Read §
136: Mt. v. 30; Mk. v. 26; Lu. v. 39; Jo. v. 1. "He went
forth' ' : may refer, however, to the departure from the limits
of the city, rather than to that from the room. The brook
Kidron separates Olives from the Temple-mount.
2. Read Lu. v. 40; Mk. v. 32; Mt. v. 36. For the need of
prayer on the disciples' part, read again in§ 134: Mt. v. 31;
Mk. v. 27; Lu. v. 31. But in this supreme hour of trial
Jesus would not be utterly alone, for read Mk. vv. 33, 34;
Mt. vv. 37, 38 (cf. §§ 60 b, 77). Why did Jesus wish them
near Him?
3. Thoughtfully study Mt. v. 39; Mk. vv. 35, 36; Lu. w. 41-
43. ' 'Not as I will but as thou wilt" : study this fundamental
law of Jesus' life as stated by Him in § 33, vv. 32, 34; § 44,
v. 30; § 68, v. 38; § 84, v. 29; § 85, v. 55 b; § 134: Jo. 14:
31a; Jo. 15:10b.
4. Read Mt. vv. 40, 41 ; Mk. vv. 37, 38. It was now past the
midnight hour, hence the sleep. The time of their tempta
tion was very near. There was need for intense prayer on
their part. Read Mk. vv. 39, 40; Lu. vv. 44-46; Mt. vv.
42, 43. What progress is marked by the second prayer?
Study Mk. vv. 41, 42; Mt. vv. 44-46. "Sleep on now" so
far as concerns the object for which He desired them to
watch, but "Arise," in view of that which is imminent.
5. "Jesus rises from this struggle delivered from His fear; that
is to say, in possession of the profound calm which perfect
submission gives to the soul. He has given Himself up
wholly; He has done what He Himself proclaimed before pass
ing the Kidron: 'For their sakes I sanctify myself (§ 135, v.
19 ). Henceforth He walks with a firm step to meet that cross
the sight of which an instant before made Him stagger."
personal Thoughts:
"Not my will, but thine, be done." Have I likeness to Jesus
through a full acceptance of this principle for my life? Is this
prayer of Jesus the prayer of prayers in my life of prayer?
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Second Day: § 137. The Betrayal and Arrest (continued)
i. Thoughtfully study again the account of the conspiracy
between the chief priests and Judas as given in §132: Mt
vv. 14-16; Mk. vv. 10, 11; Lu. vv. 3-6. For what special
condition did Judas wait? Why was this precaution taken?
Consider how fully the present place of Jesus and the Eleven
( Gethsemane) meets the condition.
2. In § 137, read Lu. v. 47 a; Mt. v. 47; Mk. v. 43. "From
the chief priests and the scribes and the elders" : thus the
highest court of the Jews had given authority for the arrest.
The chief priests were for the most part Sadducees, while
the scribes were probably all Pharisees. Read Mk. w. 44-
46; Mt. vv. 48-50; Lu. vv. 47 b, 48. The "token" was
probably agreed upon because the Roman officer in charge
of "the band of soldiers" did not know Jesus (cf. § 137, Jo.
v. 3). With Mt. v. 50 compare § 133, Jo. v. 27 b.
3. Read Mk. v. 47; Lu. vv. 49-51; Mt. vv. 51-54. For the
name of the "certain one", read § 137, Jo. v. 10. "This
act of violence not only compromised the safety of Peter,
but even the Lord's cause. Jesus was all but hindered
thereby from addressing Pilate in the words so important for
His defence against the crime with which the Jews charged
Him (cf. § 139, Jo. 18:36). Nothing less was needed than
the immediate cure of Malchus to restore the moral situa
tion. " " Future years would teach the disciples that Christ' s
cause is served by dying, not by killing. ' '
4. Read Mt. vv. 55, 56; Mk. vv. 48-50; Lu. w. 52, 53. What
parties in the "great multitude" (Mt. v. 47) does Luke
name? The "captains of the temple" were the heads of the
soldiery charged with keeping guard over the Temple.
5. Read the note by Mark, vv. 51, 52. It has been conjec
tured that the young man was Mark himself, whose mother
had a house in Jerusalem (Acts 12:12), and who delighted
to thus ' 'link himself on, in what may have been to him the
turning point of his spiritual history, to this great event."
Personal thought:
"And they all left him, and fled." Does my discipleship to
Jesus mean so much to me that I would accept imprisonment
and death rather than renounce allegiance to Him?
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JEWISH AUTHORITIES

Third Day: § 137. The Betrayal and Arrest (concluded)
§ 138. The Trial before the Jewish Authorities
(continued)
I. Thoughtfully read through the account of tnc betrayal and
arrest of Jesus as given by John in § 137. What are the details
given by John but not by the other evangelists? In what
order may the several events of the four writers be arranged
so as to present a complete whole? The "soldiers" (v. 3)
were part of the body of Roman soldiers stationed as a gar
rison in Jerusalem; the "officers" (v. 3) were members of
the temple-police, under control of ' 'the chief priests and
the Pharisees," that is, the Sanhedrin.
2. In § 138, read Mt. v. 57 a; Mk. v. 53 a; Lu. v. 54 a; Jo. vv.
12-14. Distinguish (Jo. v. 12) "the band" of Roman sol
diers, "the chief captain" or Roman officer in command of
them, and ' 'the officers of the Jews' ' or temple-police. With
this verse take Lu. v. 52 and Mk. v. 47 and determine the
different elements of the "great multitude" (Mt. v. 47).
' 'Annas is one of the most remarkable figures in the Jewish
history of the time. His unexampled fortune was celebrated
in that he himself and his five sons held the high-priesthood
in succession. This mere record reveals the skilful intriguer' '
(cf. § 18, Lu. v. 2; Acts 4:6).
3. Read § 138, Jo. vv. 15-18. "Another disciple": probably
John, the writer of the narrative (cf. § 143, Jo. v. 2; § 133,
Jo. vv. 23-25). It was common for the Jews to have female
doorkeepers (cf. Acts 12:13). The private "servants" of
the high priests and "the officers"-the temple-police—were
standing there (v. 18), the Roman soldiers having now
returned to their garrison.
4. Read § 138, Jo. vv. 19-24. "Of his disciples, and of his
teaching": the high priest sought to draw from Him an
answer suited to give a ground for His condemnation. Read
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Third Day: § 137. The Betrayal and Arrest (concluded)
§ 138. The Trial before the Jewish Authorities
(continued)
v. 13 with v. 24. So it appears tha* the first examination
was before Annas. But read w. 15, 19, 22. From these
it is evident that the examination took place in the palace ot
Caiaphas, and that he led in the questioning. Why then
the statements of vv. 13, 24? It has been suggested (1)
that Annas and Caiaphas lived in different parts of the same
palace, (2) that the examination before Annas was informal
and preliminary-a private examination in the chamber of
Annas. "At the close of this unofficial proceeding, Annas,
the real leader in the whole action, sent Jesus to Caiaphas
for a formal trial."
PERSONAL THOUGHT:
"The cup which the Father hath given me, shall I not drink
it?" Does the spirit here manifested by Jesus characterize
my acceptance of that life to which God calls me?

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Fourth Day: § 138. The Trial before the Jewish Authorities
(continued)
i. "Annas therefore sent him bound unto Caiaphas the high
priest" (§ 138, Jo. v. 24). It is probable that during the
examination before Annas, the members of the Sanhedrin
had been called together in haste, in as large numbers as
possible, to the house of Caiaphas. The sitting before Annas
had terminated without any positive result. The questions
of Caiaphas at that time (Jo. v. 19) were intended tu extract
beforehand some saying which would serve him for Jesus'
condemnation in the more formal meeting. Read§ 138: Lu.
v. 54a; Mt. v. 57; Mk. v. 53. This was not a regular session
of the Sanhedrin; a formal session could not be held till
"morning was come." Read Lu. vv. 54b, 55; Mt. v. 58; Mk.
v. 54. "The building was doubtless four-square, surrounding
an open court. Upon this court opened the rooms, one of
which formed the audience room of the high priest, and proba
bly another that of Annas."
2. Read Mt. vv. 59-61; Mk. vv. 55-59. Refer to § 27, vv. 18,
19. Wherein was this testimony a perversion of what Jesus
had said? "The utter failure, nothwithstanding diligent
effort, to find anything against Jesus, shows that his life was
most pure and wholly irreprehensible. "
3. Read Mk. vv. 60-64; Mt. vv. 62-66. What was the blas
phemy with which they charged Jesus? "There was nothing
in itself blasphemous in one calling himself the Christ. This
claim, even if it was false, was not an outrage on the honor
of God." "There is no indication in the Jewish books that
the Messiah was expected to be divine."
PERSONAL THOUGHT:
"Peter followed him afar off." Does this ever express my
relation to Jesus as His disciple? 201

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STUDY 27: JESUS IN GETHSEMANE AND BEFORE THE
JEWISH AUTHORITIES

Fifth Day: § 138. The Trial before the Jewish Authorities
(continued)
i. ' 'And they all condemned him to be worthy of death' ' ( §138,
Mk. v. 64b). But the Jewish authorities had not the
power to put to death. That was reserved by the Romans
(cf. § 139, Jo. v. 31). This judgment by "the chief priests
and the elders and the scribes' ' stirred the wild beast ele
ment in some of the baser beings who were around Jesus.
Read § 138: Mk. v. 65; Mt. vv. 67, 68; Lu. vv. 63-65.
"The officers received him" : that is, till the regular meet
ing of the Sanhedrin, which could not be held sooner than
the morning. From Mark it would seem that some mem
bers of the Sanhedrin took part in these outrages.
a. The first denial by Peter:
Read Lu. vv. 55-57; Mt. w. 69, 70; Mk. w. 66-68. It
was unusual to need a fire at the Passover season, hence the
note of John :n v. 18- "for it was cold." Peter probably
expected to pass unobserved in this company. John has
preserved the account which shows the basis for the maid's
assertion (cf. Jo. v. 16). However, "the portress made no
remark when John brought in his friend. It was not likely
that she should do so. But afterwards, noticing him by the
fire-light, she spoke directly to him."
3. The second denial by Peter:
Read Jo. v. 25 ; Lu. v. 58 ; Mk. vv. 69, 70a; Mt. w. 70,
71. " We have often seen that the Evangelists do not under
take in all cases to give the exact words spoken; we are
concerned only with any such discrepancy of statement as
might seem to impair credibility."
4. The third denial by Peter:
Read Jo. vv. 26, 27; Lu. vv. 59, 60; Mk. vv. 7ob.-72; Mt.
vv. 73-75. Now read Lu. vv. 61, 62. "The Lord turned,
and looked upon Peter' ' : we may suppose that the officers
were just then leading Jesus across the court.
Personal Thoughts:
"I know not the man," "I know not the man." As a
professed disciple of Jesus, am I denying Him at any points
by the manner of my life? Do I ever deny Christ by my
negative attitude in the presence of others?
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JEWISH AUTHORITIES

Sixth Day: § 138. The Trial before the Jewish authorities
•(concluded)
I. "And led him to Annas first" (§ 138, Jo. v. 13). But the
examination in the presence of Annas was not a trial, but a
mere personal interrogation before an aged ex-high priest.
"Annas therefore sent him bound into Caiaphas the high
priest" (§ 138, Jo. v. 24). In the high priest's house, an
informal session of the Sanhedrin had tried and condemned
Jesus during the night. "The law forbidding capital trials
in the night had been broken; the place of session (Caiaphas'
house) was unusual if not illegal; perhaps the attendance, so
early after midnight, had not been full. On these accounts
it was expedient that a more regular and legal sitting should
be held as early in the morning as was possible." Of that
session, read in § 138: Mt. 27:1; Mk. 15:1; Lu. v. 66. This
meeting was probably held in the official council chamber of
the Sanhedrin.
2. At this session, nothing was needed but to again draw out the
confession of Jesus, to pronounce sentence, and to plan how
their purpose might be effected. Study the account by Luke,
vv. 67-71. "If the assertions of Jesus regarding His person
appeared in the judgment of the Jews to be blasphemy, it
was because in His mouth the title Son of God always signi
fied something else and something more than that of Mes
siah, and because the latter was in His lips only a corollary
from the former."
3. The fate of Jesus had now become evident, even to the dis
ciples who so often "perceived not the things that were said"
(§ 113, Lu. v. 34). What of the feelings of that one who
had betrayed Him? Read Mt. w. 3-10. Refer to Zech.
11:13. Read Acts 1:16-19.
PERSONAL THOUGHT:
"If I tell you, ye will not believe: and if I ask you, ye will
not answer." Do I make the acquisition of spiritual truth
impossible to myself by the spirit either of unreasonable doubt
or of insincere evasion? 203

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STUDY 27: JESUS IN GETHSEMANE AND BEFORE THE
JEWISH AUTHORITIES

Seventh Day: §§ 136-138. Review
i

IO,n
1213

Why did Jesus urge that the disciples pray for themselves
after they had entered Gethsemane?
What previous crises in His life did Jesus meet with earnest
prayer?What experience of Jesus, having a likeness to that in Gethse
mane, does John record? Dwell thoughtfully upon these
experiences. What element in the prayers of Jesus in Gethsemane is an
expression of the law of His life? What truth for all prayers
is revealed by these prayers?
In what essential way does the prayer in Mt. 26:42 differ
from that in Mt. 26:39?
What fundamental likenesses are there between the experience
in Gethsemane and that in the wilderness (§ 20)?
For what special condition did Judas wait in order to accom
plish his purpose? Why was this required? With what offi
cial body did Judas deal?
In what ways did the act of Peter seriously compromise the
position of Jesus and of His disciples? What is the law of
Jesus concerning the relation of religion and force?
From what is known of Annas, suggest some reasons why
Jesus was first taken before him for a private examination.
State, in general terms, the nature of this examination.
Why was Jesus twice led before the members of the Sanhe
drin for trial by them? Give an outline of their procedure in
the first trial?
What are the several ways by which Peter was identified as
a disciple of Jesus? From the several accounts given, what
seems to have been the course of his denials?
Exactly what was the ground of the condemnation of Jesus
for blasphemy?
From all that has been learned of Judas, give a statement of
his leading characteristics.

Personal Thoughts:
1. § 136. Am I obedient to God?
2. § 137. Am I free from the faults of Judas?
3. § 138. Am I free from the faults of Peter?

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STUDY 28: THE TRIAL BEFORE THE CIVIL AUTHORITIES
AND THE CRUCIFIXION

First Day: § 139. The Trial before Pilate (continued)
i. After Archelaus ( § 14, v. 22), son and successor of Herod the
Great (§ 4, v. 5; § 13, v. 1), had been banished by the Roman
emperor to Gaul, Judea was added to the province of Syria, and
governed by deputies called procurators. Of these Pontius
Pilate was the sixth (§ 18, Lu. v. 1). In § 139, read the ist
verse of each account The sentence was determined, but the
Sanhedrin had no power to act, hence the trial before Pilate.
2. Read Jo. vv. 29-32. Study the answer (v. 30). The Jews
attempted to have their sentence fulfilled without giving
account of the grounds on which it rested. Pilate's adroit
method (v. 31 a) forces them to confess that nothing less than
death will satisfy them (v. 31b), and this they cannot inflict.
They have now no alternative but to make the charges.
3. Study the charges against Jesus as stated in Lu. v. 2. How
many separate charges? (1) "Perverting ournation": a
charge which lacks definiteness and which has in it nothing of
truth. (2) "Tribute to Csesar" : how had Jesus dealt with
that problem? (3) "Christ a king": read §66, Jo. vv. 14,15!
By this they would bring the case under the head of treason.
4. Pilate takes their central charge. Study Lu. v. 3; Mk. vv.
2-5; Mtvv. 1 1- 1 4. Why was it that Jesus kept so complete
a silence before the Roman as well as the Jewish tribunal?
5. John gives a more complete account. Read Jo. vv. 33-35-
Jesus would lead Pilate to reflect on the meaning of the term
he uses before giving His reply (v. 34 ). But Pilate is utterly
indifferent (v. 35 ) to what he regards as a purely Jewish ques
tion. Jesus would have him know, however, the sense in which
Hewking. Study Jo. v. 36. But he was slow of apprehension.
Thoughtfully study Jo. vv. 37, 38 a. "He came to conquer the
world, and for this end His only weapon is to bear witness to the
truth; His people are recruited from all men who open them
selves to the truth. The truth, the revelation of God-that is
the sceptre with which He bears sway over the earth."
Personal Thoughts:
"Every one that is of the truth heareth my voice." Am I one
of those whom Jesus regards as being of the truth? His test:
"heareth my voice." Do I put myself under the power of
the Truth as livingly revealed in Jesus?
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STUDY 28: THE TRIAL BEFORE THE CIVIL AUTHORITIES
AND THE CRUCIFIXION

Second Day: § 139. The Trial before Pilate (continued)
I. The conversation of Pilate with Jesus concerning the central
charge made by the Jews ( Jo. w. 33-38a) resulted in con
vincing him that he had not to do with a rival of Caesar. Read
his declaration to the Jews in § 139: Jo. v. 38b; Lu. v. 4. His
duty then was simply to discharge Jesus. But he feared to
displease the Jews, and had recourse to expedients.
2. For some knowledge of the state of those with whom he had
to deal, read Lu. v. 5. But their urgency and sweeping con
demnation presented an apparent solution to his problem, for
read Lu. vv. 6, 7. Refer to the lower right-hand corner of the
map. Herod lived at Tiberias, and Pilate at Caesarea.
3. Herod was the murderer of John the Baptist. Read his
thoughts about Jesus in § 65: Mt. w. 1, 2; Mk. w. 14-16;
Lu. vv. 7-9. * 'And he sought to see him' ' ; the opportunity had
now come. Read § 139, Lu. v. 8. "Jesus was to him what
a skilful juggler is to a seated court-an object of curiosity. ' '
Read Lu. vv. 9, 10. "Before this personage, a monstrous
mixture of bloody levity and sombre superstition, He main
tained a silence which even the accusations of the Sanhedrin
(v. 10) could not lead Him to break." Read §99, w. 31,32.
4. Herod was wounded and humiliated by the attitude of Jesus.
Read of his treatment in Lu. v. 11. Thus Jesus was a second
time acquitted from all political charges. Read Lu. v. 12.
'The cause of their quarrel had probably been some
conflict of jurisdiction (cf. § 96, v. 1). In that case, was not
the best means of soldering up the quarrel to concede to him
a right of jurisdiction within the very city of Jerusalem?"
5. Study the judgment of Pilate on Jesus after His return by
Herod, as stated in Lu. w. 13-15. He thus declares the
prisoner to be absolutely innocent. But read his suggestion
in Lu. v. 16. Was that just? "This was the point at which
Pilate began to yield to the fatal vacillation which soon passed
into guilt and made it afterwards impossible for him to escape. "
PERSONAL THOUGHTS:
"I find no fault in this man ... I will therefore chastise
him" J Do I allow popular judgments to determine my course
of action in any particulars? Do I follow popular wishes to gain
popular approval? Do I in any degree sacrifice principle
for position? 206

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STUDY 28: THE TRIAL BEFORE THE CIVIL AUTHORITIES
AND THE CRUCIFIXION

Third Day: § 139. The Trial before Pilate (continued)
i. The judgment of Pilate after an examination of Jesus was
such that he should have completely and promptly acquitted
Him. He had recourse to an expedient which he thought
would satisfy the Jews (§ 139, Lu. v. 16). A request made
by the people opens the way for Pilate. Read of that request
m § i39>. Mk- vv. 6-8. Pilate tries to give Jesus the benefit
of this circumstance, for read Mk. v. 9; Jo. v. 39; Mt. vv.
15-17. He knows that Jesus is the victim of party hatred,for
read Mt v. 18; Mk. v. 10. The hope of Pilate is in "the
multitude" who have always been favorable to Jesus. For
one reason why Pilate acted with hesitancy, read Mt. v. 19.
2. If "the people" had given expression to their own natural
judgment and willjesus might have been released. But other
most potent influences and forces were at work, for study
Mk. v. 11; Mt. v. 20; Jo. v. 40; Lu. vv. 18, 19. Barabbas
was a true representative of that revolutionary spirit of which
the Sanhedrin were falsely accusing Jesus.
3. Pilate's expedient failed because of the influence of the reli
gious leaders. By an unwise question he gives the Jews an
opportunity to express their will, for read Mk. w. 12, 13;
Mt. w. 21, 22; Lu. vv. 20, 21. He now tries to satisfy the
anger of the most infuriated, and to excite the pity of those
who are yet capable of this feeling, by a beginning of punish
ment. For his proposal read Mt. v. 23; Mk. v. 14; Lu. vv.
22, 23a. By his weakness, Pilate has been led on, till now
he is past the point where he may safely oppose the Jews.
4. Pilate would shift the responsibility. Read Mt. vv. 24, 25.
"Too easy souls, who dream the crystal flood
Can wash away the fearful guilt of blood."
"His blood be on us" : "Titus, during the siege of Jerusalem,
caused many captured fugitives, sometimes five hundred a
day, to be 'scourged and tortured in every form, and then
crucified in front of the ramparts.' " Read Mt. v. 26; Mk.
v. 15; Lu. vv. 23b-25.
PERSONAL THOUGHTS:
"And their voices prevailed." Do I ever allow the voices of
the many to lead me to conduct opposed to my convictions?
Does the voice of God within me have full prevailing power?
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AND THE CRUCIFIXION

Fourth Day: § 139. The Trial before Pilate (concluded)
i. "Then released he unto them Barabbas; but Jesus hescourged."
According to the Roman criminal code, scourging must nec
essarily precede the punishment of crucifixion. Scourging, as
it was practised among the Romans, was a punishment so
cruel that the condemned person very often succumbed to it.
In § 139, read Jo. 19:1-3; Mk. w. 16-19; Mt. vv. 27-30.
"The Jews had mocked him as a pretended prophet (§ 138,
Mt. v. 68) ; here the Romans mock him as a pretended king."
2. Pilate had yielded to the priests and rulers, and had sent
Jesus to be scourged as preliminary to His crucifixion. But,
beholding Him bloody from the scourge, clothed with the
purple robe, and wearing the crown of thorns, his own com
passion was awakened and he resolved to make one last effort
to deliver him from death. Read Jo. w. 4-7. "Behold, the
man!": "Fear alike and envy, Pilate argues, must disappear
at the sight of one enduring with absolute patience such humi
liation." But read v. 6 a. "We have a law": Levit 24:16
3. Pilate had acted with fear (cf. Mt. v. 19). Read Jo. w. 8- 11.
Why did Jesus give no answer to Pilate? The "me" and
"I" of v. 10 are emphatic. What did Jesus mean by the
statements of v. 11? Read Jo. v. 12. So in the last extremity
they resort to personal intimidation. Pilate fears Tiberius, so
the effect is immediate, for read Jo. v. 13. "The trial of this
last expedient was, on the part of the Jews, a renouncing of
their great national hope, the very idea of the Messiah. Such
a victory was a suicide. In this regard also it is easy to under
stand how, in their plan of battle, they should have reserved
this manoeuvre for the last; it was the stroke of desperation."
4. Study Jo. vv. 14-16. "We have no king but Caesar" : "Thus
had the Jews been led, step by step, not only to reject their
Messiah, to prefer a robber and murderer before Him, to in
sist mercilessly that He should be put to a most shameful
death, but even to accept and openly proclaim the Roman
emperor as their king." Read Mt. v. 31 and Mk. v. 20.
Personal Thoughts:
"We have no king but Caesar." Will Jesus accept any less
place than that of king in my life? Have I given Him the
supreme place? Or does my will rule in some regions?
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STUDY 28: THE TRIAL BEFORE THE CIVIL AUTHORITIES
AND THE CRUCIFIXION

Fifth Day: § 140. The Crucifixion (continued)
i. "Then therefore he delivered him unto them to be crucified"
(§ I39>_J°- v- 16), though, of course, the Roman soldiers
were their instruments. In § 140, readMt v. 32; Lu. v. 26;
Mk. v. 2 1 . ' 'As they came out' ' : that is, from the city. Within
the city, Jesus had for a time borne His own cross (cf. Jo. v.
17), but probably the long hours of sleepless agitation and the
terrible scourging had made Him too feeble to bear it for any
distance. "Rufus": perhaps the one of Rom. 16:13.
2. Jesus had spoken no words under violence and anguish. But
pity leads him to utterance. Read Lu. vv. 27-32. "These
sayings of Jesus testify to His entire self- forgetfulness."
"Hundreds of the Jews at the end of the siege hid themselves
in subterranean recesses, and no less than 2,000 were killed by
being buried under the ruins of these hiding-places."
3. Read Lu. vv. 33, 34; Mt. vv. 33-38; Mk. vv. 22 27; Jo. w.
16-19. "The third hour": that is, 9:00 A. M., according to
the ancient mode of reckoning, followed by the Jews. ' 'To
criminals on the way to execution there was given a drink con
sisting of wine mixed with a bit of frankincense to stupefy them.
According to tradition, the noble women of Jerusalem fur
nished this at their own expense" (cf. Lu. v. 28). While the
draught would have deadened Jesus' pain, it would also have
beclouded His faculties.
4. Pilate had been forced by the Jews, to act against his will.
Read Jo. vv. 20-22. "When there was no longer any per
sonal danger Pilate held to his purpose. The trait corresponds
perfectly with his character." Read Jo. vv. 23, 24. "The
scripture": Ps. 22:18.
5. Thoughtfully read Lu. vv. 35-38; Mk. vv. 29-32; Mt. vv.
39-43. Distinguish clearly the several different classes in those
about the cross, and study the specific actions of each of them.
Dwell upon these details of the scene till it becomes real.
PERSONAL THOUGHT:
"Father, forgive them." Do I pray as Jesus prayed and has
taught me to pray (§ 49, Mt. 5:44) on behalf of those who

are my enemies?

209

Studies in the Life of Christ

STBDY 28: THE TRIAL BEFORE THE CIVIL AUTHORITIES
AND THE CRUCIFIXION

Sixth Day: § 140. The Crucifixion (concluded)
I. There was another aggravation, from a source whence it would
be least expected, for read § 140: Mt v. 44; Mk. v. 32b; Lu.
v. 39. Both of the malefactors were not of the same spirit,
however, for read Lu. vv. 40-43. "The prayer which he
addresses to Jesus (v. 42) is suggested to him by that faith
in an unlimited mercy which had been awaked in him by
hearing the prayer of Jesus for His executioners."
2. "To His executioners He had bequeathed the pardon of God,
to His companion in punishment, Paradise. Could He find noth
ing to leave to His mother and His friend?" Read Jo.vv.25-27.
3. Read Lu. v. 44; Mt. vv. 45-47; Mk. vv. 33-35. "The sixth
hour" : that is, 12:00 M. Reverently dwell in thought upon
the nature of that experience which could call forth this cry
from Jesus. Read Jo. w. 28,29; Mk. w. 36,37; Mt. v. 48-
50. "The scripture": Ps. 69:21. A burning fever and a
consequent thirst were produced by crucifixion. The "vine
gar" was probably thin sour wine, the ordinary drink of the
soldiers. Now thoughtfully read Jo. v. 30 and Lu. v. 46.
Study, as a whole, the "seven words from the cross": (1)
Lu. v. 34; (2) Lu. v. 43; (3) Jo. vv. 26, 27; (4) Mt v. 46
with Mk. v. 34; (5) Jo. v. 28; (6) Jo. v. 30; (7) Lu. v. 46.
4. Read Mk. v. 38; Lu. v. 45; Mt vv. 51-53. "The extraor
dinary signs which accompanied the death of Jesus are
explained by the profound connection existing, on the one
side between Christ and humanity, on the other between
humanity and nature. Christ is the soul of humanity, as
humanity is the. soul of the external world."
5. Study the effects of Jesus' death upon the several classes: (1)
Lu. v. 47; Mk. v. 39; Mt. v. 54 (2) Lu. v. 48 (3) Lu. v.
49; Mt. vv. 55, 56; Mk. vv. 40, 41. '
6. Read Jo. vv. 31-37. In the case of crucifixion the person
usually lived twelve hours, sometimes even till the second or
third day. "The scripture": Exod. 12:46. "Another
scripture": Zech. 12:10. Give thought to John's 35th verse.
PERSONAL THOUGHT:
' 'Truly this man was the Son of God. ' ' To what belief have
these weeks of study led me concerning the person of Jesus
of Nazareth? 210

Studies in the Life of Christ
STUDY 28: THE TRIAL BEFORE THE CIVIL AUTHORITIES
AND THE CRUCIFIXION

Seventh Day: § 141. The Burial
§ 142. The Watch at the Sepulchre
I. By the law of Moses it was required that no dead body should
remain hanging over night ( Deut 2 1 :22, 23 ). Josephus says:
"The Jews are so attentive to the rites of sepulture as to take
down even those who have undergone the sentence of cruci
fixion, and inter them before sunset. " Hence the request of
§ 140, Jo. v. 31. But, before the bodies were removed in the
ordinary course, a request was made of Pilate. Read § 141:
Mt w. 57, 58; Lu. w. 50-52; Jo. v. 38; Mk. w. 42-45. "A
councillor' ' : that is, a member of the Sanhedrin. ' 'Looking for
the kingdom of God": cf.§ 12, vv. 25, 38. "Boldly": he took
great risks in view of his position in the Sanhedrin. From the
four accounts, frame a complete statement concerning Joseph.
9. Joseph was not alone, for read Jo. v. 39. Perhaps the act of
Joseph gave courage to Nicodemus. Make a study of the
character of Nicodemus from § 28; § 82, vv. 45 52. Read
§ 141: Lu. v. 53; Mk. v. 46; Mt. vv. 59, 60; Jo. vv. 40-42.
But there were deeply interested ones who witnessed this act
of devotion. Read Mk. v. 47; Mt. v. 61; Lu. vv. 54-56.
"They wished to complete the imperfect embalming of the
body which Joseph and Nicodemus had hastily begun."
3. Thoughtfully read through the whole of § 142. The day was
our Saturday and the Jewish Sabbath. How account for the
fact that the Jewish religious leaders remembered that Jesus
had made this statement, while the disciples, apparently, for
got or disbelieved the prediction?
PERSONAL THOUGHT:
' 'A disciple of Jesus, but secretly for fear of the Jews." Do
I allow any fear of man to prevent me, at any time, from
making that confession of Jesus which He asks of me and
which would forward His Kingdom? 211

Studies in the Life of Christ
STUDY 29: THE RESURRECTION, APPEARANCES AND
ASCENSION OF JESUS

First Day: § 143. The Resurrection Morning (continued)
I. "The chief priests and the Pharisees," contrary to all the Jew
ish ideas of Sabbath observance had "made the sepulchre
sure, sealing the stone" on their holy day (§ 142)! During
these sacred hours, where were "the women, which had come
with him out of Galilee"? Read § 143, Lu. v. 56. "But" it
was a time of restless rest, for see § 141, Lu. v. 56, and read
§ 143: Lu. 24:1; Mt. v. 1; Mk. w. 1, 2. It is probable that
the women had not yet heard of the seal and the guard. But
they did have one problem, for read Mk. v. 3.
2. The problem of the women had, in the meantime, been solved,
for read Mt. vv. 2-4. They saw the result, but not the pro
cess, for read Mk. v. 3 with v. 4, and Lu. v. 2. Yet they do
see the agents of the result, for read Lu. w. 3, 4; Mk. v. 5;
Mt. v. 3. "We know so little of the modes of angelic exist
ence, how they who are ordinarily invisible can make them
selves visible, what parts were here severally assigned to them,
and of the grounds of their action, that it is wholly impossible
for us to say how many may have been present at this time
within or around the sepulchre. "
3. "And they were amazed." But the dazzling messengers had
a great message for them. Study Mt. vv. 5, 6; Mk. v. 6.
Now thoughtfully read the beautiful message as Luke has
preserved it, vv. 5-7. "Remember how he spake unto you":
how had the disciples received those revelations? The messen
gers now give a mission. Read the 7th verse in Matthew and
in Mark. "His disciples and Peter" t for Peter, having denied,
may consider himself outside the circle of disciples. "As he
said": cf. § 134: Mt. v. 32; Mk. v. 28.
4. They have been given a mission of privilege. Read the 8 th
verse in Matthew and in Mark. "They said nothing": that is,
on their way to the other disciples. But once in the sympathetic
presence of "the rest" they speak freely. Read Lu. w. 8, 9.
5. Thoughtfully consider the effect of the announcement as stated
in Luke's 10th and nth verses.
Personal thoughts:
"He is risen, even as he said." "There shall ye see him, as
he said." Do I have a full belief in the words of Jesus? Do
my works testify to the vitality of my belief in His promises
of power? 212

Studies in the Life of Christ
STUDY 29: THE RESURRECTION, APPEARANCES AND
ASCENSION OF JESUS

Second Day: § 143. The Resurrection Morning (concluded)
§ 144. The Report of the Watch
I. "These words appeared in their sight as idle talk." But the
statements of the women were open to investigation, and it was
only for a time that "they disbelieved them." Read § 143,
Lu. v. 1 2. John has preserved the fuller details in his graphic
narrative. Read § 143, Jo. v. 1. Mary was not alone, but
she was the important one of the company for John's record.
Read Jo. v. 2. "The other disciple" was, as has been seen,
John, the writer of the account. Mary returned at once to
these leaders among the disciples, while the other women
pressed on even "into the tomb" (Mk. v. 5; Lu. v. 3). " We
know": indicates that Mary had gone with others (cf. Mk. v. 1).
2. Read Jo. vv. 3-7. That Luke knew of the presence of John
with Peter (Lu. v. 12) is shown in § 145, Lu. v. 24- "they."
"Outran Peter": John was "the lad among the apostles."
The strong emotion of John causes him to hesitate. Peter, of
a more masculine and practical character, resolutely enters.
Read Jo. vv. 8-10. "The scripture": Ps. 16:10. "He saw,
and believed": "This must, indeed, have been one of the
most ineffaceable moments of John's life. He initiates us into
an incomparable personal reminiscence, into the way by
which he reached the belief in the resurrection, in the first
place, and then, through this, the perfect faith in Jesus as
Messiah and Son of God."
3. Mary had returned to the tomb after Peter and John. With
sympathetic thought, study that exquisite statement of the
revelation of Jesus to personal love, Jo. vv. n -18. "The
gardener": cf. § 141, Jo. v. 41. Thoughtfully determine
why Mary did not recognize Jesus as soon as she saw Him?
What is meant by the words of Jesus in v. 17?
4. Read through vv. 9-1 1 of Mark. Study Matthew's state
ment (vv. 9, 10) of a meeting of Jesus with the women.
5. But whatof "theguard," "the chief priests," "the elders,"
"the governor," "the Jews"? Read through § 144.
Personal thought:
* 'He saw, and believed. " And now do I, in turn, fully accept
John's testimony, and rise to the same strong, life-giving con
viction and belief 213

Studies in the Life of Christ
STUDY 29: THE RESURRECTION, APPEARANCES AND
ASCENSION OF JESUS

Third Day: § 145. The Walk to Emmaus
i. We have learned of the significant events which happened
"very early on the first day of the week." But "that very
day' ' had other revelations. As John alone has preserved
to us the full account of the appearance to Mary, so Luke
alone has transmitted to us the details of an appearance later
in the day. Read § 145, Lu. vv. 13-16. The site of Em
maus has not been positively determined, but refer to the map
for suggested sites. One of the "two of them" was Cleo-
pas (v. 18); it has been suggested that the other was Luke
himself. Why did they not recognize Jesus (cf. § 145,
Mk. vv. 12, 1 3-"in another form")?
a. Jesus opens the conversation. Read Lu. w. 17- 19a. "An
inhabitant of the city would not have failed to know these
things; and, in their view, to know them was to be engrossed
with them." Study their interesting historical sketch, as in
Lu. vv. 1 9b- 24. "But we hoped" (v. 21): for the form of
the redemption they expected, read Acts 1:6. "Saying
. . . which said": "hearing of a hearsay. This form shows how
little faith they put in all those reports" (cf. § 143, Lu. v. n).
3. Study the teaching of Jesus, as in Lu. vv. 25-27. "Jesus
had before Him a grand field, from the protevangelium
(Gen. 3:15) to Mai. 4:2. In studying the Scriptures for
Himself, He had found Himself in them everywhere (§ 44,
vv- 39. 40). He had now only to let this light which filled
His heart ray forth from him."
4. Read Lu. vv. 28-32. Jesus would really have gone further,
of course, but for the constraint which they exercised over
him. It was not a mere feint on His part. "He vanished":
"His body was already in course of glorification, and obeyed
more freely than before the will of the spirit."
5. Read Lu. vv. 33-35. "Hath appeared to Simon" : perhaps
at the time when Peter returned home, § 143, Lu. v. 12b
(cf. 1 Cor. 15:5).
Personal thought;
' 'Was not our heart burning within us, while he spake to us
in the way, while he opened to us the scriptures." Do I
seek, through prayer, the presence of Him whom the Father
has given in the stead of Jesus on each occasion of my study
of the Scriptures? 214

Studies in the Life of Christ
STUDY 29: THE RESURRECTION, APPEARANCES AND
ASCENSION OF JESUS

Fourth Day: § 146. The Appearance to the Disciples in Jeru
salem, Thomas being absent
§ 147. The appearance to Thomas with the
other Disciples
i. "They rose up that very hour, and returned to Jerusalem, . . .
and they rehearsed the things that happened in the way."
Read § 146: Lu. v. 36; Jo. v. 19. Compare the nature of this
appearance with His disappearance, § 145, Lu. v. 31.
2. Study the effect upon the disciples as in Lu. vv. 37,38. The
impression made upon them naturally arose from the sudden
and supernatural appearance of Jesus. He would help them
to definite belief, for read Lu. vv. 39,40; Jo. 20a. Jesus now
gives them another proof, for read Jo. 20b; Lu. vv. 41-43.
"The body of Jesus was in a transition state. 'I am not yet
ascended . . . but I ascend', § 143, Jo. v. 17. On the one
hand, He still had His terrestrial body. On the other, this
body was already raised to a higher condition." Read the
paragraph from Mark.
3. Study the commission of Jesus to His disciples as in Jo. vv.
21-23. "Receive ye the Holy Ghost": "Raised Himself to
a stage of higher life, Jesus raises them, as far as He can do
so, to His new position. He associates them in His state as
raised from the dead, just as later, through Pentecost, He will
make them participate in His state as one glorified."
4. ' 'The impression produced on Thomas by the death of his mas
ter must have been that of the most profound discouragement:
'I told Him so' (cf. § 105, v. 16); this is what he, no doubt,
repeated to himself." Read Jo. vv. 24, 25. Just as before,
he sets the extreme case before himself and will face that. ' '
5. Thoughtfully read through § 147. "The discipline of self-
questioning, followed by the revelation of tender compassion
and divine knowledge, enabled Thomas to rise to the loftiest
view of Jesus given in the Gospels. His sublime, instantaneous
confession, won from doubt, closes historically the progress of
faith in the disciples."
PERSONAL THOUGHT:
"My Lord and my God." Is this far-reaching confession
from Thomas a true expression of what Jesus of Nazareth has
become for me (1) in belief, and (2) in vital reality?
215

Studies in the Life of Christ
STUDY 29: THE RESURRECTION, APPEARANCES AND
ASCENSION OF JESUS

Fifth Day: § 148. The Appearance to Seven Disciples by
the Sea of Galilee
i. Study the promise of Jesus in § 134: Mt. v. 32; Mk. v. 28.
The disciples were reminded of it (§ 143: Mt. v. 7; Mk.v.7).
They, however, remained some days in Jerusalem (§ 147, v.
26). Now we find them again by the familiar shores of "the
sea of Tiberias," for read § 148, vv. 1-3.
2. Read vv. 4-8. "Two hundred cubits": about 100 yards.
"How characteristic of the two apostles are the features which
appear in these two simple incidents! John contemplates and
divines; Peter acts and springs forward." The narrative
"tends to characterize the two principal apostles by their differ
ent gifts, as they afterwards showed themselves throughout
their whole career: Peter, the man of missionary activity; John,
of contemplative knowledge."
3. Read vv. 9-14. "Jesus takes the part of host. He was
standing at a little distance, but now He comes forward. A
feeling of respectful fear prevents the disciples from approach
ing Him. It is no longer the familiar relation of former days."
4. Thoughtfully read vv. 15-17. "More then these": that is,
more than these, thy fellow-disciples, love me (cf. § 134: Mt
v. 33; Mk. v. 29). Jesus would refer him to his claim of
supreme devotion. "His present profession differs in two im
portant points from the question proposed. (1 ) He does not
assume any superiority over others: (2) he lays claim only to
the feeling of natural love of which he could be sure (cf. foot
notes 8>9)." When Jesus puts the question the third time He
adopts the word for "love" which Peter had used. It is as if
He would test even the truth of the feeling which Peter
claimed. The three questions could not but recall the three
denials. Read w. 18, 19a. Peter was crucified at Rome.
5. Read vv. 1 9b- 24. "Peter is the minister of action whose ser
vice is consummated by the martyrdom of death: John is the
minister of thought and teaching whose service is perfected in
the martyrdom of life. ' '
PERSONAL THOUGHT;
"Simon, son of John, lovest thou me?" If my name were put
in the place of that of the apostle, and the question were asked
me by Jesus, what would be my answer?
216

Studies in the Life of Christ
STUDY 29: THE RESURRECTION, APPEARANCES AND
ASCENSION OF JESUS

Sixth Day: § 149. The Appearance to the Eleven on a Moun
tain in Galilee
§ 150. Christ's final Appearance, and His Ascension
i. "But after I am raised up, I will go before you into Galilee"
(§ i34,tMt v. 32). "And,go quickly, and tell his disciples,
He is risen from the dead; and lo, he goeth before you into
Galilee; there shall ye see him:" (§ 143, Mt. v. 7). It would
seem that a definite place of meeting had been appointed,
for read § 149, Mt. v. 16. Study Mt. v. 17.
2. Thoughtfully study the words of Jesus, as in Mt. vv. 18-20.
"When Jesus gave this commission He announced in the
simplest and least ostentatious way the most original, the
broadest, the sublimest enterprise that ever human beings
have been called upon to accomplish."
3. Read through the paragraph from Mark given in § 149.
References :-( 1 ) Devils: Acts 8:7; 16:18; 19:15, 16. (2)
Tongues: Acts 2:4-11; 10:46; 19:6. (3) Serpents: Acts
28=3-5- (4) The sick: Acts 3:7; 28:8.
4. Luke has recorded what may be regarded as "the substance
of the different instructions given by Jesus between His
resurrection and ascension. ' ' Thoughtfully study the words
as in § 150, Lu. vv. 44-49.
5. Study the record of the ascension of Jesus in Lu. vv. 50-53.
"With great joy" : "The joy of the disciples caused by this
elevation of their Master, which is the pledge of the victory
of His cause, fulfilled the word of Jesus, § 134, Jo. 14:28."
"Blessing God": "The disciples do here what was done at
the beginning by the shepherds (§ 10, v. 20). But what a
way traversed, what a series of glorious benefits between
those two acts of homage!"
6. Read the paragraph from Mark in § 150. "The ascension
perfects in the person of the Son of man God's design in
regard to humanity. To make of sanctified believers a family
of children of God, perfectly like that only Son who is the
prototype of the whole race-such is God's plan."
PERSONAL THOUGHT;
"Go ye therefore, and make disciples of all the nations."
Have I learned and obeyed the will of Jesus with reference to
my relation to this last command from Him ?
217

Studies in the Life of Christ

STUDY 29: THE RESURRECTION, APPEARANCES AND
ASCENSION OF JESUS

Seventh Day: §§ 143-150. Review
§ 151. The Conclusion of John's Gospel
i. How many appearances of Jesus after His resurrection are
recorded in the Gospels? To whom was each appearance made?
What is the apparent order of the appearances?
2. Make a study of all the statements which are given concern
ing the effects of Jesus' appearances upon His disciples. Con
sider, in this relation, the statement of Jerome: "Their doubt
ing increases our faith."
3. Paul has statements concerning some of the appearances of
Jesus. Read 1 Cor. 15:3-8. With what appearances recorded
in the Gospels do certain of those mentioned by Paul corre
spond? But it is evident that the Gospels do not record all of
Jesus' appearances. This may well be, as He was ' 'appear
ing unto them by the space of forty days" (Acts 1:3).
4. Study the more complete statement of Luke concerning the
appearances and ascension, as given by him in Acts 1:1- 11.
5. Thoughtfully study and consider the argument of Paul, based
upon the resurrection of Jesus, stated for the Corinthians in
1 Cor. 15:12-20.
6. Thoughtfully read and dwell upon the conclusion of John's
gospel as given in § 1 5 1 . ' 'To receive Jesus as the Son of God
is to open one's heart to the fulness of the divine life with
which He Himself is filled; human existence is thus filled
with blessedness and strength in communion with God."
Personal thought:
"These are written, that ye may believe that Jesus is the
Christ, the Son of God; and that believing ye may have life
in His name." Have I the evidence that my belief in
Jesus as Christ and Son of God is of that absolute and vital
kind meant by John through my present possession of a life
which is beyond my natural life?
218

Studies in the Life of Christ

STUDY 30: REVIEW

First to Seventh Day: §§ 119-151. Review of Studies 23-29
i. Having considered Studies 23-29 in some detail, we may now
profitably go over those Studies for the purpose of tracing the
history in a more general way than was done even in the class
hours of study.
2. The work for the week is divided as follows:-
First Day: Review of Study 23
Second Day: Review of Study 24
Third Day: Review of Study 25
Fourth Day: Review of Study 26
Fifth Day: Review of Study 27
Sixth Day: Review of Study 28
Seventh Day: Review of Study 29
3. It is suggested that the study of each day be done in this
order and with these aims:
(1) Commit to memory the exact title of each Section
in the Study for the day, so that they may be quickly named,
in their order, at any time.
(2) Make such a reading of each Section as may be
necessary in order to be able to go mentally through the Sec
tion from first to last giving the substance of its contents.
(3) Write out in the note-book, from memory, the fol
lowing: (a) The exact title of the Study, (b) the exact titles
of the Sections within the Study, (c) the briefest possible
summary of the contents of each Section. State the last in
one sentence where it can be so condensed.
4. It may seem that this suggested method of review is mechan
ical and uninspiring. It is certainly a week's work which is
primarily mental. It will be found, however, to amply repay
for the effort. We seek a mastery of the Life of Christ.
5. In each Study aim constantly to trace and fix in mind: (1)
219

Studies in the Life of Christ

STUDY 30: REVIEW

First to Seventh Day: §§119-151. Review of Studies 23-29
the connection of events, ( 2 ) the growth or progress of the
history. This will aid the effort to memorize the subjects, and
will likewise give a more intelligent conception of the Life as a
whole.
6. This work on the part of each student will form the basis for
a class hour of review which should be of exceptional interest
and profit, and will complete that larger view of the different
periods of the history which has been sought through the
Reviews.
Personal Thoughts:
In a week of work so predominantly mental, there will be
special need to hold steadily before the mind the ultimate aim
of the study-the upbuilding of Character. Each day give
time for final meditation upon the truth in the "Personal
Thoughts" of the Study under consideration. Never pass
over any question which comes to the life without answering it.
Were it not better, if necessary, to spend the week conforming
the life to the messages which the Gospels bring for me, than
upon any study of any kind, Biblical or collegiate?

220

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