YALE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY Elder George McCoIliu'li, Hon. Judge Lnwrence- Jaines Mclonald. Pr. B. S. Brown. N. Z. McCollo.il. Sx-Govemor Vanco. K. K. Runkle. M. Arrowsmiih. 0. 10.11. 12. M. 15. Ifi. J. M. Glover. Mrs. Sarah M. Mm. -Mr.'*. Mary Maddon. Nels'tn Johiisi»ii. Or. Thomas Cowgil Oden Ha>es. Judge Pa'irick. E.. L. Morgan. ^^^3s^^'^^^'^=^^s-^5s^H8^«=#»S^£?#'»^^ p. M. SMEAD, Photographor. THE HISTORY OF ODR^mpip lud ^0p« COXrisTTIES, FROM THEIR FIRST SETTLEMENT: BY JOSHUA AISTTRIM. BBLLEFONTAINE, OHIO. PRESS PKINTINQ CO. 1872. CEHTIPICATE OF AUTHORITY. At the Yearly Meeting of the "Western Pioneer Ajssociation" held at Bellefontaine, Sei)tember 7, 1871, Dr. B. S. Rrown, Joshua Antrim and Dr. Thomas Cowgill were appointed a Publishing Committee, to collate, arrange and prepare the material for our Pioneer History. Subsequently the Committee appointed Joshua Antrim to arraoge the work. We have examined his proceedinga in regard to the arrangement thereof and entirely approve th« same, and advise that the work be published in book form. BENJAMIN a. P.ROWN, Chairman, ) o,^^ut^ THOMAS COWGILL. ' | Comm^ife*. Baterea according lo Act ot Con»resa, 'n the year 1872, by .Io«chia AKTam, In tke office •f the Ubiaitan of Oongreas at Washlnglo*. PREFACE. To THB RbADBB : I have now completed the task assigned me by the Gomtnitte* on Publications, appointed by the Western Ohio Pioneer Abso- eiation. The entire labor of collecting material for this work vrem placed on me by this Committee, and when completed, to bo pre sented to them for their approval or rejection. In this work I have not satisfied myself in many respects, for I have rea.«ion to think I have failed in obtaining a great deal of interesting matter that should have a place in this volume, and ia what I have obtained I know there are many unpleasant but unin tentional misl:<*kes, esjtecially in some of thf Dimes and dates of the first s<^ttlers. Though I obt&lned the most of them from tb* oldest inhabitants, yet I found they could not tell exactly the year of their immigration to this country, (or eome of them, at least,) hence they are responsible for vhat inaocuracies may appear ia these pages. I have done all I could to arrive at the exact facta. All I, or any one else could expect under the circumstances wa« ftB approximation to accuracy. To thoae gentlemen who have kindly favored me with their eontributiuns for this work I tender my sincere thanks for their timely aid in furnishing so much valuable matter tor this work. Your article?!, gentlemen, will appear in these pages and they will speak for themselves, and will present a better tribute to the mem- srx of their authors than anything I could say ; so, wishing each of y»a a loug and happy life, I bid you good bye. JOSHUA ANTRIM. or CHAMPAIGN COUNTY. Champaign County was formed from Green and Franklin, March 1, 1805, and originally comprised the Counties of Clark and IjOgan. The Seat of Justice was originally fixed at Springfield, in Clark County, and the flrst Courts were held in the house of Georgo Fithian. It is said it was named frora it.s appearance, it being a level, open country. Urbana, the Seat of Justice, was laid out in the year 1806, by Col. Wm. Ward, formerly of Greenbrier County, Virginia. It is said by some that Mr. Ward named the town from the word Urbanity, but I think it is quite likely he named it from an old Roman custom of dividing their people into diff'erent classes— one class, the Plebeians, and this again divided into two classes — Plebs RusHca and Plebs Urbana. The Plebs Rustica lived in the rural districts and were farmers, while the Plebs Urbana lived in villages and were mechanics and artisans. George Fithian opened the flrst tavern in a log cabin on South Main street, formerly the residence of Wm. Thomas ; but I think it is now owned by the Methodist Episcopal Church, and they in tend to improve it and make a parsonage of it. Samuel McCord opened a Dry Goods and Grocery Store in th9 same cabin in the sarae year, (iMarch, 1806.) The first house covered with shingles was a house occupied by McDonald as a store room, on the north corner of Public Square, west of North Main street. For a full and satisfactory dascription of Urbana and its sur- • CHAMPAIGN AND roundings, see Judge Patrick's able, minute and satisfactory hi.s- tory, found in the body ofthis work, in which he has placed me under many obligations, and also done himself credit, and the city •f Urbana, of which he writes. I flnd in Howe's History of Ohio the names of a few of the first settlers in Urbana and also in the rural districts, and although most of the names found in his history will be found in the body ©/this work, for fearsome valuable names may be overlooked I here transcribe them. But let the reader be assured that most of those honored and venerated names will appear in these pages. But before I proceed to record those names I wish to make a remark or two in regard to the first settlers of this county. In vain have I mada inquiry of the oldest living pioneers as to the flrst white man that settled here. Likewise the public records have been searched with the same unsatisfactory results. It may seem to some a matter of very little consequence who flrst settled a coun try, but we flnd people in all ages disposed to attach very great Importance to so apparently trifling a circumstance. The Cartha ginians have their Dido, the Greeks their Cecrops, and the Romans their Romulus: so in our own country William Penp settled Penn sylvania; Boone, Kentucky, &c. ; and in raost of Lhe counties of this State the flrst settlers are known, and the date of their settlement. I flnd in a very able and interesting document, furnished me for this work by an old and resptcted pioneer, Mr. Arrowsmith, the nameofWm. Owens, who, he says, came to this county in the year 1797 or 1798. I think it not unlikely that he was the flrst white man that made this county his home. I now commence the list of names : Joseph C. Vance, Thos. and Ed. W. Pearce, George Fithian, Sam'l McCord, Zeph. Luse, Benj. Doolittle, George and Andrew Ward, Wm. H. Fyffe, Wm. and John Glenn, Frederick Ambrose, John Reynolds and Sam'l Gibbs. Those living in th.' country— Jacob Minturn, Henry and Jacob Vanmetre, Nathaniel Cartmell, Justice Jones, Felix Rock, Thomas Anderson, Abner Barrt-t, Thomas Pearce, Benj. and Wm. Cheney, Matthew and Charles Stuart, Parker Sullivan, John Logan, John Thomas, John Runyjn, John Lafforty, John Owens, John Taylor, John Guttridge, Tohn Cartmell, John Dawson, John Pence, Jona than Long, Bennet Taber, Nathan Fitch, Robert Nowce, Jacob Pence and Arthur Thomas. Joseph C. Vance was the father of Ex-Governor Vance, and waa LOGAN COUNTIES. 7 the flrst Clerk of the Court in this County. Capt. Arthur Thomas, ¦whose name is in the above list, lived on King's Creek, about three miles North of Urbana. He was ordered to Fort Findlay with his Company, to guard the public stores at th:it place, and on their return they encamped at the Big Spring: nearan old Indian town called Solomon's Town, about seven miles north of Bellefontaine. Their horses having strayed away in the night, he and his son went in pursuit of them. When they had got some distance from the encampment they were discovered by tho Indians, who attacked them with an overpowering force and they were killed and scalped and left dead on the spot. Urbana was a frontier town during tlio war 1812. Hull's army ¦was quartered here the same year, before takir.s: up their line of march for Detroit. In fact, it was a place of general rendezvous for the troops starting for the defense of our northern frontier. They were encamped in the eastern part ofthe city, and here lie the bodies of many brave soldiers mingled wit!i their mother dust, and no monument to mark the place where they rest, nor to tell the story of their sufferings ; even their names have perished with them. All we can do now is to drop a tear over their sleeping dust and say, "Here lie in peaceful slumbers the brave defenders of our once frontier homes." In penning these sketches, I flnd myself very much in the con dition of the early pioneer who had to blaze his way through a dense forest to flnd his way from one place to another. Fortunately for me, however, others have preceded me and blazed the way to some extent for me. And to none; perhaps, ami under more obli gations than to Mr. Howe, in his History of Ohio; and he is not entirely reliable, for I have been obliged to makesome corrections in hisstatements of facts in the history ofthis country. For in stance, the time of settlement of Logan County, putting it in the year 1806, when in fact it was settled in the year 1801. Al.w, the names ofthe flrstset^lers. Ofcour.se he had to rely on others for information, and they did not know ; but in the main, however, I I now resume my sketch of Urban;* : On tho corner of Public Bquare and North Main street— now McDonald's Corner, but in the war of 1812 called Doolittle's Tavern— were the headquarters of Governor Meigs. On the opposite corner- now Armstrong's Bank— stood a two-story brick house, and on the end fronting the 8 CHAMPAIGN AND Square, could be seen the date of its erection— 1811. This was oc cupied for many years by D. & T. M. Gwynne as a store-room. All the old .settlers of Champaign now living, will call to raind the oncefamiliarfaceof Robert Murdock, with his obliging and gen tlemanly manners, who was then a partner in the firm. The above described building was the place where the commis sary's ofHce was kept during the war of 1812, and is the one to which Richard M.Johnson was brought wounded after his per sonal and deadly conflict with the renowned Tecumseh at the bat tle ofthe Thames. Urbana was visited by a dreadful tornado on the 22d ot March, 1830. Passing from the South-west to the North-east, it leveled the Presb,yterian Church with the ground, and unroofed the M. E. Church, throwing it dovvn to within a few feet of its foundation. Both of these buildings were substantial brick edifices; also, a great many private residences were either unroofed or wholly de molished, killing three children and crippling others. For a more satisfactory account, see Judge Patrick's history of Urbana in thia work. I can not leave Urbana without giving a short account of the old Court House, built in 1817. I have never seen adescription of thia then imposing structure. It stood in the center of the Public Square, now called, I believe, Monument Square, fronting North and South, built of brick, two stories high, the roof having four sides, coming to a point in the center, surmounted by a cupola and spire on which was a globe and aflsh that turned with the wind. The main entrance was on the South. This, for the time in which it vvas built, was an elegant and commodious puMic building. How many pleasant and interesting memories cluster around this, to the old pioneer, almost hallowed spot! Here, too, or near this spot, raany a soldier breathed his last and bade adieu to all earthly conflicts. And the soldier mounted on the pedestal on the .spot where the old Court House stood, surveying with down-cast eyes and in solemn and im()res.sive silence the battle-fields of Get tysburg and Shiloh, may drop a tear over the graves of those heroes that freely shed their blood in thedefense of our country in the wa» of 1812. LOGAN COUNTIB3. SIMON KENTON. Simon Kenton, whose name will appear frequently in these pages, was an early settler in Urbana. I quote from Judge Burnet's let ters as found in Howe's History. In his letters he says that when the troops were stationed at Urbana, a mutinous plan was formed by part of them to attack and destroy a settlement of friendly In dians, who had removed with their families within the settle ment under assurance of protection. Kenton lemonstrated against the measure as being not only mutinous but treacherous and cow ardly. He contrasted his knowledge and experience of the Indian character with their ignorance of it. He vindicated them against the charge of treachery which was alleged against them as a justifl cation ofthe act which they were about to perpetrate, and remind ed them of the infamy they would incur by destroying a defense less band of men, women and children, who had placed them- jeelves in their power relying on a solemn promise of protection. He appealed to their humanity, their honor and their duty as sol diers. Having exhausted all the means of persuasion in his {lOwer, and finding thera resolved to e,xecute their purpose, he took a rifle and declared with great firmness that he would accompany them to the Indian encampment and shoot down thefirst man that dared to molest them ; that if they entered their camp the.y should do it by passing over his corpse. Knowing that the old veteran would redeem his pledge they abandoned their purpose and the poor In dians were saved. Though he vvas brave as Csesar and reckless of danger when it was his duty to expose his person, yet he was mild, even tempered and had ii heart that could bleed at the dis tress of others. General Kenton lived raany years in Logan county, on what was called the old Sandusky road, about four railes north of Zanes- field on hisfarm, where he died April 29th, 1836, aged 81 years and 26 days. Hisreuiains were removed to Urbana by a deputa tion of citizens from that place I think in lS65, and buried in the cemetery about three-quarters of a mile east of the city in a lot of 10 CHAMPAIGN AND ground appropriated by the city for that purpose containing about seventy-five or one hundred feet in a circular form with a view of erecting a monument at some future day. The only thing that now marks his grave is the same plain stone slab that stood at the head of his grave in Logan county, with this inscription: "In meraory of Gen. Sim'on Kenton, who was born April 3d, 1755, in Culpepper County, Va., and died April 29th, 1836, aged 81 yearsand 26 days." His fellow citizens of the west will long remember him aa tho skillful pioneer of early times, the brave soldier and honest man. TECUMSEH. There were several Indian councils in Urbana at a very early day. They were held in a grove on or near where the old grave yard is north-east of town, Distinguished chiefs from various tribes took part in these councils. Mr. Howe says in his history that Tecumseh in the spring of 1795, took up his quarters on Deercreek near tho site of Urbana, where he was engaged in his favorite amusement, hunting, and remained until the following Spring. There never was any creek by the name of Deercreek near the site of Urbana. I think there is a creek by that name in Madison county but I do not think it reaches Champaign. I find Tecumseh's biographer makes tho same mistake. I now quote from his biography : "While residing on Deprcreek an incident occurred which greatly enhanced his reputation as a hunter. One of his brothers, and several other Shawnees of his own age proposed to bet with him that they could each kill as many deer in the space of three days as he Tecumseh promptly accepted the overture. The par ties took to the woods and at the end of the time stipulated re turned with the evidences of theirsuccess. None ofthe party except Tecumseh had more than twelve deer-.skins, and he brought in upward of thirty, near three times as many as any of his competi tors. From this time he waa generally conceded to be the greatest hunter in the Shawnee nation. ,LOGAN 0OUNTI1S3S. 11 In 1799 there was a council held about six miles north ofthe place where Urbana now stands, between the Indians and some of the principle settlers on Mad River, for the adjustment of difficul ties which had grown up between those parties. Tecumseh, with other Shawnee Chiefs, attended the council. He appears to have been the most conspicuous orator of the conference, and made a speech on the occasion vvhich was much admired for its force and eloquence. The interpreter, Dechauset, said that he found it very difficult to translate the lofty flights of Tecumseh, although he was as well acquainted with the Shawnee language as with the French which was his mother tongue. Sometiraediiring the year 1803, astout Kentuckian came to Ohio for the purpose of exploring the lands on Mad River, and lodged one night at the house of Capt. Abner Barret, residing on the head- ¦waters of Buck Creek. Inthe course of the evening he learned, with apparent alarm, that there were some Indians encamped within a short distance of thf house. Shortly after hearing this unwelcome intelligence, the door of Capt. Barret's dwelling was suddenly opened and Tecumseh entered with his usual stately air; he paused in silence and looked around until at length his eye ¦was fixed upon the .stranger who was inanifestinf? s,ymptoms of alarm, and did not venture to look the stern savage in the face. Tecumseh turned to his host and iiointing to the agitated Ken tuckian, exclaimed — "A big baby, a big baby." He then stepped up to him and gently slapping him on the shoulder .several times, repeated with a contemptuous manner, the phrase, "JB^ig baby, big baby/" to the great alarm of the astonished man, and to th« amusement of all present. CHARACTER AND HARDSHIPS OF THB PIONEERS OF OHIO. CHAPTER I. Thomas Cowgii.l, M. 'D.—Dear Doctor:— Mr. Antrim, of Logan County, called on me a few weeks ago with an urgent request that, as I was an old pioneer of Ohio, I should prepare and send to your address in some readable form, some scraps ofearly pioneer history, connecting with them sucli incidents and facts as came within my own knowledge, embracing the times up to about 1820, for the purpose of incorporating them with a proposed history of the early settlements, "and more particularly within raj'own early localities. This seemed to me at the time, raore than ray physical strength, owing to a general nervous prostration of my system, would war rant, and I exfused myself with a partial promise to comply, if sufiicient strength permitted, and will therefore, in pencil sketches, make the effort, hoping you will, in their transcrijition, so mould and remodel as to make them presentable to your readers. My first acquaintance with men and things in this State com menced in 1806. My father, Anthony Patrick, having eaiigrated when I was ten years old from New Jersey to Trumbull County, purchased and improved a small tract of wild land in Brookfield township, two miles west of the line bet ween Ohio and Pennsyl vania, and two and one-half miles west from Sharon, which is now oneof the most distinguished ^ENTER'i for the maitufactureqf Iron in thi:* country. I could here delineate the hardships and jiriva- tions of that early day among the few settlers in that vicinity, but LOGAN COUNTIES. 13 it would be traveling out ofthe objects you seek in your circular. I will, however, as a common specimen of pioneer life, state that from 1806 to 1808 the settlers there labored under many discourage ments, even after openings for cultivation were made ; such as want of teams and farming implements, and the want of moans to procure them. Oxen and cows were with few exceptions the only teams used ; horses were rare; rough sleds were the vehicles of travel and transit, rough ploughs with wooden raould boards, with iron nosings attached for coulters, harro-ws all of wood even to the teeth, were their best irapleraents, and the man that had these with a yoke of oxen or even cows was called rich. The man that had even one cow to harness forlarming purposes was considered fortunate ; and those that had none of these advantages, but had to put in their crops with manual toil, were the poor, which indeed was very common in that day. Yet with all these conflicts in the start, about 1808 they began to realize relief in return for their toils in products from the rich soil. But up to this tirae they had to endure in many cases much suf fering ; flour and meal commanded fabulous prices, and could not be procured nearer than Pittsburg, and for want of means many families had to resort to roots and wild game entirely for subsis tence, using spice-wood and sassafras for teas, and when they could procure it, rye was their coffee, sweetened with sugar of their own make. SaU was also very scarce and dear, so much so, that many families who had pork had to let it remain without salting all winter, using it by cutting from the whole hog as they needed it for cooking during the cold winters. The above are some of tho facts connected with pioneer life more than three scores of years ago in the upper end of this State. In this connection it should be stated that there was one characteristic trait plainly prominent in that early day among the people. When it was made known that any one was in need of help, they for miles around would con gregate, and if it was a cabin to be raised it was done. If assistance to roll logs was needed in a new clearing it was bestowed. And in many instances under my own observation when any one from age, bad health or poverty was unable to open his cleariug or provide shelter for himself and family, they would on a givea day lor miles around come together, bringing with them thoir own provisions at an early hour, with axes, cross-cut saws, teams W CHAMPAIGN AND such as they had, and such other implements as were necessary for the occasion. If the object was to open up a sraall clearing, a leader was appointed who gave general directions ; some were assigned to cutting up the large down timber into logs, others to hauling them together, others to rolling them into heaps ready for burning, others to cut or grub out the under-growth, and either carry it to the edge ofthe ground and pile it in rows for a fence, or in heaps for consumption by fire, others to felling timber and split ting it into rails, and building fences where there was no brush fence, especially in front of the cabin, with a slip-gap for egress or ingress. And in some instances after the ground was cleared from debris, they would break patches and plant such vegetables as ¦»fould come early aud afford relief to the occupants ; and indeed it was frequently the case that a dense forest in the morning, would by night-fall, present quite a little field, with the standing timber IfirdJod, surrounded with the uncouth fences already described. IjOOAN COUNTIES. 16 CHAPTER II. BUILniNG THE r^OG CABIN. If a cabin was to be built from the forest, as in the case i>efor« intimated, the leader, as aforesaid, who was always a man of experience, and dubbed Captam, would, as an initiatory step, elasfsify the congregated masses, and a.ssign to each their respective duties, about in this order : 1st. He would select four of the most expert axe-men as corner men, whose d uty it was to first clear off the site, square it, and placa a boulder at each corner to build upon alter being duly leveled, then saddle and notch down the logs in good, workman-like order. 2d. He would assign a sufficient number of suitable men to select as near the site as possible, the best large-growth, straight-grained ¦white-oak tree for clap-boards, whose further duty it was to fell' it, and cross-cut it into suitable lengths, split the cuts into square bolts, and with a fro rive them. Another branch of this classifica tion was required in like manner to prepare puncheons for floors, doors, windows and chimney-corner jambs, out of such timber as was best adapted for the purposes, such as oak, chestnut or ash, as all these abounded in that part of the State, and were, when properly selected straight- grained timber, and could be made of sufficient length and width to make a good solid floor, when spot ted on the under side at the ends out of wind ; and to rest upon sleepers placed at proper distances apart, with dressed, straight upper surfaces, and which, when top-dressed by a skillful adz-man, made a good substitute for plank, which at that early day could not be procured for want of saw-mills. 3d. He would then select and detail such a number as seemed necessary to cull out as near the site as possible, straight, suitably siaed standing trees, and fell them and chop them off at suitable lengths for the proposed structure, with teamsters to haul them in ss they were logged off, in the then usual way of dragging them on the ground hitched by a chain with a hook at one end of the log. To this force were added other teamsters, provided with rough wood sleds to haul in the clap-board», puncheons, and such 16 CHAMPAIGN AND other materials, as would be necessary in the completion of the cabin. These preliminaries being all successfully arranged and being carried into effect, the leader would take his station and make proclamation to the balance ofthe forces, directing them to forth with prepare smooth skids, the necessary number of forks with grape-vine or hickory withes around the prongs, and two or three strongcross sticks inserted through holes bored in the lower ends to give hand hold to push by ; and also provide a sufficient num ber of hand-spikes, of tough, small, round hickory, dog-wood or iron-wood, some four feet long, with ends shaved smooth to be used by the men to bear up the logs while in transit to the corner men, or to the foot of the .skids, as the case might be. Then the order would be promulgated that no one but the Captain should give any direction in the further progress of the enterprise; and as the logs would be hauled to the spot, he, with a glance of tho eye would m aku the necessary directions ; and which would by his order be conveyed to the corner-men upon hand-spikes with sturdy men at the ends walking abreast on both sides ol the log, bearing it up to. its destination ; then the second log was borne in like manner, each being placed after being spotted flat on the under side, so as to rest level upon the corner-stones, as the end logs of thestructureequi-distant apart between the ends, then the ends would be prepared by the corner-men with what was farailiarly known as the saddle, which consisted in this: The expert corner men would chamfer or bevel off at an angle of say forty-five de grees each side of the ends of the log, the two chamfers meeting at a point on the top-center of the log, presenting an end view of the upper half of the log. This preparation is to receive the transverse logs notched at each end so as to nicely fit over the saddles. The two end logs having been placed and fitted as above desciibed, the leader would select the two largest logs being straight for the front and rear bottom logs; being sills, these two logs when in the hands of the corner-men would be notched deeper than the other logs of the building, so as not to throw the floor too high from the ground. The corner-men at each end of the log would cut their notches so exactly at the same angle, and at the same time so as to exactly fit their respective saddles, that when put to the proper place would make a solid fit and out of wind . This dexterity in corner-men no doubt gave rise to the old aphorism, *^He cuts his ¦notches close." LOGAN COUNTIES. 17 The four foundation logs having all been properly notched and saddled and in their places, and upon the usual tests being found square ; the next thing lo be done was to cut in the sills the slots, or gains to receive the sleepers, which if on the ground and pre pared as already intimated by being scotched straight on upper sides, vere cut to right lengths and fitted at the ends, so as to rest solidly upon said slots, and put in their places; though thi-i was frequently done after the building was raised. AU things prepared for the superstructure, the leader still at his post, withashriU emphatic voice selects a log, and his forces bear it to the corner-men asalready intimated, resting oneend of the hand.spikes on the top log already placed, rolling it upon the two saddled logs ; it was then fitted and prepared in proper manner and placed plumb on the wall by the practiced eye, aided by the pendulous axe held loosely at tipof helve, betweeji the thumb and foreflngers ofthe experts. This routine being continued, until the building was too high to reach and rest the handspikes as hereto fore described upon the wall ; then, the skids resting ori the ground at the but-ends would be reared up to the corners on the front side and one end of the building, nearest the collection of the hauled-in timber; the logs one by one selected as aforesaid, would be carried as before to the foot of the appropriate sliids, and placed on them, and rolled up as farasthemen could conveniently reach ; and being stanchioned and held, the necessary number of forks were placed under each end of the log inside of the skids, with lower ends held flrmly down to the ground, were by the order of the leader manned at the cross-handles already described at each end of the log, which 'was at a given word of .«aid leader, slid up the skids by the uniform motive power thus applied, to the top, where, by (he leverage of handspikes in the hands of the corner men, it would be thrown on top ofthe already saddled logs, and by them rolled to the back wall ; then the next log in like manner would be shoved up and received by the corner-men tor the wall apon which the skids rested : these being fitted as indicated, the two logs intended as transverse would in like manner be placed ou the ends of the last tw^o logs, all being done with exact uniformity »Bd celerity, and with dispatch and neatness fitted to their respec tive places iu the wall . And if the contemplated cabin was Intended to be mere ttian one story, at the proper height from the top of 3 18 CHAMPAIGN AND the sleepers for lower floor, slots would be prepared for the joists, and if they were on the ground would be fitted in like manneir with the sleepers. Then the building would in the routine already described be carried up to the square; when upon the two enus m the building would be raised the eave- bearers, projecting som© twenty inches beyond the wall, and would be notched down and saddled back far enough to receive the timbers hereafter described ; when the two ends in front of the building were notched at t»ie upper tips in tho forra ofthe large capital V to rest the upper ends of the skids; then the butting pole for the back side of the cabin would be shoved up to the front corner-men, and rolled to the back eave and notched down upon the saddles projecting some fif teen inches, beyond the outside plumb of the wall ; then the first rib would be sent up to corner-men iu same manner, and rolled back to proper distance inside of said butting pole, and notched down, 60 HS to give the pitch of roof from center of butting pole t© top surface of said rib; then the front rib and butting pole would in like manner be sent up and placed in same order as those ira the rear, then the first two gable logs would be placed in notches eut into the ribs and chamfered atthe ends to suit the pitch of th© roof. The other ribs and gable logs 'being placed, so as to preserve the intended pitch of the roof, the upper and central one being called the ridge pole is in like manner notched down in such posi tion, as that a straight edge -would from (he centers of the buttiHg poles upward, touch the upper surfaces of all the ribs and ridge pole respectively at the indicated angles. Thils (he cabin is ready for the clapboards, which are laid down upon the ribs with the lower ends resting against the butting poles, with small spaces between, which are top-covered in like manner, so as to break joints, and the ea've courses on each side being eo laid down; knees out of the Searts of clapboard bolts, of proper lengths are pn pare-j at tach •nd, resting endwise against the butting poles to hold up the weight yoles, which are placed upon the two eave courses of clapboards as nmrly over the ribs respectively as possible ; and in like manner another course of clapboards Ls on each side laid down abutting the Toight-poleei, and being kneed as described, another weight-pole is pat In ita pla«» to hold down the boards, and so on until the whole OBibln is roofed and weighed down as per programme. Ia Utte MBaectioa it auty be stated, that those foroes that wer«^ iiOGAN (X)ITNTIMB, i» ¦«letailed to prepare m;i terial in the early part of the day, would lonj before, the cabin wa-s raised and covered have finished their severs* allotments of labor, and report themsel ves ready for further serviee, Mnd would again be subdivided and their respective daties under the direction of the leader allotted ; some to cutting out the ope*- icigs, such as doors, windows, and fire-places, and jambing them 119 with the material prepared for that purpose ; others to laying dew» the floor as already described; others to building up the chimney, back and side jambs for outside flre-olace; others to preparing "e*k aad clay" with which to top out the chimney and put in stone btM* wall and fire-phtco jambs ; others to making door or doors as the case might be, f»ut of long clap-boards prepared for such purpose, and hanging thein with wooden hinges and fixing wooden latches; others to scotihing down slightly with a broad-axe inside walls; others to chinking and daubing the cabin and filling up the heartk «even with the floor and flagging it with flat stones, if such ma terial was on hands, and putting cross sticks in windows upoa which greased paper would be pasted as a substitute forglass. Andl iisdeed it may be .said the whole would be completed, so thnta gee- air;!' hoj-; j-wiinninj:, as it was called — iu the shape of a country dan •¦" or other innocent amusements — would be the prelude to tba Siauiily occupancy the same night after the completion. This characteristic kindness was mutual — all felt it, all raauifoBt- «d it toward each other. All intercourse was social; no one felt that he had a right to domineer over his poor neighbor, but the disposition was to aid and encourage. These settlers, as soon as they had furnished themselves and families with shelters and provided for their wants, directed thek: attention to the moral and religious culture of the community, and schools and churches were organized and sustained, and from year to year the facilities of the people were gradually improved, and thieir condition began to assume prosperity and happiness. But before this andelioration, notwithstanding all tried to assist «ach other as far as means to do so permitteJ ; yet there were gome distressing hardships endured. One family by the name of Knight was reduced almost to starvation, and had to subsist upon «iseh resources as a wilderness afforded. Mr. Knight had to labor ¦without nourishment enough to give him strength. He was one e appropriate to notice other modes of capturing game which were devi-sed, such as snares, dead fells, Ac; even wolves were ensnared in this way when properly •et and baited. Por want of steel or iron traps the restrt was sim ply to .select a suitably sized tough, elastic under grov*th sapling, cutting off the top and tying to the upper end a sraall strong cord, «o adjusted as to presentan open slipping n nose, then bending down the sapling near to the ground and fastening i( to such fixtures as would upon slight contact spring suddenly, being careful to so ad just the noo.se that the animal must reach through it to obtain the bait already attached to the springing fixtures. These prelimin aries having all been so arranged, the unsuspecting victim would approach, thrusting its head through the fatal noose, seizing tho bait, which would spring the hole suddenly and draw the noose tight, holding it up in a dangling attitude, until loosened by tho owner of the snare. And the dead fall was either a heavy slab of timber, or a small .square pen built of polen and covered over with such material as would weigh it down after it had been sprung; the latter mode was the most humane, as it inflicted no torture upon the captured game : to this class may be added the commoa quail trap, which was built of small light split sticks, fastened at the corners with small twine and drawn in, so as to form what might for want of a better term be called a square cone at the top ; this weighted down wilh a stone on top completed the trap, AU these were setupon what was familiarly known as a figure four trigger^baitedtosuit the kind of game desired. Before dismissing these fragmentary ruses to decoy wild garae, it would not be amiss to notice the practice of watching deer-licka. Then, were here and there certain brackish springs, to which deer Jn the summer and fall seasons of evenings would resort, and were denominated deer-licks. And the hunter who would avail him- jielf of this opportunity, would prepare himself in the branches of some suitable standing tree near by, a kind of booth, or screen ofgr:een limbs with their foliage; and in which he would fix a LOGAN ,"Gone tothat l)ourne whiMictt no traveler returns," it may be well to baud tlit»!i.i down to Wie 24 CHAMPAIGN AND generations to come, that they may compare notes, and realise the contrast. And in that view of the subject, it may not be amiss to bring up iu review some of the annoyances to which the people were exposed. Wolves were very numerous and ravenous and consequently it was with difficulty that sheep could be introduced, and indeed other doraestic animals had to be kept in safe quarters, near the faraily residences, in order to save them. It was no un coraraon thing in the night season to be saluted with the dismal howl of these nocturnal prowlers, in close proximity to the cabin homes of the settlers; and which if not scared away, would make a raid before raorning upon the .sheepfold or other stock within their reach. The most effectual way of riddance, was to keep on hands a good supply of outer, jaggy flakes of the shell-bark hickory, and make a .sally at them with blazing torches, which would be sure to raake a sudden retreating stampede. Blazing fire-brands from the hearth had the same effect ; the sight of fire seemed to strike them with teiror; indeed it was necessary at some seasons of the year for persons who were out at night to carry a torch or lantern for self preservation, as attacks upon per sons were soraetimes made. In some instances persons were not secure even in daylight, and, as one proof of it, I will bring up an instance. The Hon. Samuel Huntington, one of the first Governors of this State, lived in the Western Reserve. He had occasion about the year 1807 or 1808, to travel on horse- back from Cleveland to Warren, which was then almost an entire wilderness, on a very rainy day in the early part of winter ; and was suddenly, without notice, beset by a large pack of hungry wolves. They pitched at both horse and rider ; the horse was completely fright ened into timid docility, and could not be urged to move; nothing was left for the Governor to do but to fight it out, with the only weapon he had, a folded umbrella, with which he punched them off, but was nearly being captured when fortunately it flew open, and the sudden change in its aspect frightened the ferocious ani mals, so that Ihey fled, and he was miraculously relieved from a terrible dilemma. The probability is that it wa.s the horse they desired lo capture in this ease, but persons were not safe if they were ravenously hungry. The wri ter of this on one occasion had good caiwe to believe that b« escaped providentially from being t3evoun»d. The elrcumstan- ««s, an uearJy a* aow reeoUectad, were abo«f theas : Thefirst LOGAN COUNTIES. 25 school in the neighborhood had been opened, and he being then about eleven years old was sent to it, and not being willing to lose tirae had to use eveningsto attend to other raatters. The only pair of shoes he had needed half-soling, and it was arranged that after school was disraissed heshouldgo to Wra. Cunningham's, the shoe maker, on a public road, about one mile north from the school house, and his father's residence being abouta half raile east from the school-house, on a public road, making his whole distance from home by the road about one and one-half miles. To describe with out a diagram, it raay be stated that a short distance on the way horae frora the residence of Mr. Cunninghara, a sraall by-path for pedestrians took off frora the north road and led to his father's cabin on the east road, and shortened the distance so that it was only a little over a mile by the path to his home. He remained until near 10 o'clock; it was a bright moonlight night, with a little fall of snow on the ground; his shoes being mended, he prepared to start horae, when the faraily of Mr. Cuninghara advised hira to take the road for safety ; but when he carae to where the path took off ho failed to take the advice, and at a rapid pace, plunged into the dense forest, and when about two-thirds of the Avay home be gan to flatter himself that all would be well, and that in a sh irt time the faraily welcome would greet him, when suddenly he re alized the fact that he was in the midst of danger; he heard the brush cracking sorae distance in the rear, and his rash folly in at- terapting to go the short route in the night season without sorae raode of defense was apparent; but boy as he was he knew his only chance of escape was in a foot race, and being swift of foot for his age, he put forth his energies, still keeping ahead of his pursu ers, although they were nearing him; but he sped on and soon reached his father's clearing and bounded over the fence, when the glare of a bright light from the cabin and a faithful house-dog met his enraptured vision, and he was safe. It vvas supposed that they had sniffed the new, fresh sole leather which caused the pursuit. (4) 2« CHAMPAIGN AND CHAPTER III. XjOG cabin continued. In this connection might be named one other pest to the new .settlements. Yellow rattle snakes largely abounded to the great annoyance and peril of the people. The country in many portions was underlaid with a strata of shelly rocks, which upon abrupt ac clivities ofthe surface and at heads of springs would crop out, and these cropping points afforded these pestiferous reptiles commodi ous caverns or dens, in which, in some localities, vast numbers would collect for winter quarters, and in the early spring would leave the caverns to bask in the spring .sunshine in the vicinity of their head-quarters, and snakehunts were coraraon in some neigh borhoods. I remember to have heard of a raid being made upon some of these dens a short distance west of Warren, which resulted in the destruction of iramense numbers counted by the hundreds in one day. But as I do not design to tell a long snake story, I will give a few facts, which raay seem at this day to partake of the Mim.ahavxen type. My father built his cabin near a very fine spring, which headed in a depression bounded on three sides by an oval circular rock bench, sorae four or five leet higher than the surface of the spring; his cabin had not been furnished when he moved into it in the early Spring, and was not fully chinked ; necessity compelled the occupancy of it in that condition, intending soon to finish it, and in the raean time to furnish itteraporarily in the raost primitive raode of that day; his bedsteads were in this style — one crotch or post of proper height, fastened upright, to rest the ends of (ransverse straight suitably sized pole,-; ujion, inserting the other ends into the interstices between the logs of the cabin, putting in other crosB sticks, upon which to rest clapboards, to hold up the bed and bedding. Upon, these rustic bedsteads, with appropriate couches, the faraily enjoyed that sweet repose wiiich they needed after their daily toils; all went on charmingly, until one morning my mother, in making up the bed in which she and my father had slept, in drawing off tbe feather bed in order to shake up the straw- LOGAN COUNTIES. 27 tick, discovered to her consternation and terror a large rattlesnake gliding away between ttie logs, which was supposed to have en sconced itself between the two ticks the day before ; and during the night had remained so quietly still as not to have disturbed its bed fellows. I remember another incident thatoccurredafterward in the same locality. My now only sister Mrs. .lonas Cumraingsof Illiuois was an infant, beginning to sit alone, and ray raother having sorae work to do in the house yard, to pacify the child placed ii upon the grass plot with play things lo amuse i(. While at tending to her domesti" duties she observed that the child mani fested raost ecstatic glee, and looking in that direction, she wiis horrified upon seeing the child about to clutch a huge yellow rattle snake. She ran and jerked away the child, and her exciteraent emboldened her to hunt a club with which she suddenly dispatched his snakeship. There were many rattle snake adventures of varied types and phases, but let the above suffice. It may however be said that many persons becarae reckless and were the victims to their own folly; others were unavoidably bitten, but as a general rule the Indian remedies were resorted to, and generally were effectual in their cure. In some few cases however the bite proved fatal ; one instance can be given that was a sad one ; and by way of introduc tion to the .sequel, the remark may be made that there were per sons and not a few, who seemed to lose their terror of the reptiles from their familiarity with the abundance and it wasaverj'common practice to be provided with a stick two or three teet long with a prong at- one end, which they would use when an opportunity offered, by throwing the fork or prong upon the neck of the snake, and pinning it down to the ground for the purpose of teas ing it, as young kittens will a mouse before killing it, and when they have satisfied themselves with this amusement, they seize the .serpent by the tail, lift off the yoke, and give a sudden backward jerk and breaks its neck. Avery fine young mania the neighborhood who was greatly esteemed, by the name of Mc Mahan, who vyas about to be married to a daughter of Judge Hughs, (who was uncle to Mrs. William Ward of Urbana) espied a large rattle snake, and attempted to capture it in the mode above described, but it slipped away from him and glided into a small hole in a stump, and before it had drawn in . its whole length h® seized it by the tail to draw it back with a sudden jerk and break 28 CHAMPAIGN AND its neck, but unfortunately the aperture was large enough for the snake to coil itself back, which it did, and bit him among (he blood vessels of his wrist, which to the univei-sal regret of the, com munity caused almost immediate d<-ath. The introduction of swine into the country, relieveil the people in a great degree of this pest in a few years. It is averred, though I will not avouch its truth, that even the timid deer vvas a great snake killer, that when it camein contiict, it would with its fore feetstarapthe reptile to death. This branch of the subject here closes with this one remark— the rattlesnake has one redeeming trait, when let alone it will never attempt to bite without giving notice by the rattles. This settlement continued to progressin thedirection of improve ment. Log cabin churches, school-houses, mills aud other indis pensable utilities v.ere erected, and furnished the people with the usual facilities of socic-'ty, their granaries and larders were replen ished, and ihey began to realize all the comforts that persevering industry always brings in its wake. All were happy and contented up to about 1810, when that mania among the flrst settlers of a new country, in the shape of new adventures broke out in all its most virulent types. The most glowing descriptions of new localities westward in theSfate were circulateil, the new counties of Wayne, Stark, and especially a place still further west under the general term of the Mad River Country, attracted the deepest interest as a land "flowing with inilk and honey," interlarded with game and wild hog's in great abundance, about which the most extravagant hyperbolical declarations in jest were made, such as that roasted pigs were running at large with knives and forks stuck in their backs, squealing out, "Come and eat." This ¦rtgitation in the end, culminated in the exodus of about forty familie.-., more at that time than two-thirds of all the old set tlers of Brookfield township, who in their frenzj', sacrificed to new comers, the results of their toils for years; not then, even dreara- ing of the hidden treasures under their feet, i" the shape of inex haustible coal fields and rich mines of iron ore, that have since been the source of unbounded wealth to that community, making improved lands then sold for three or four dollars an acre, worth, upon an average, one hundred dollars an acre at this time. As I have elsewhere said not less than forty families began to prepare theraselves for this movement, and strange as it raaj' now LO(tAN COUNTIES. 29 appear, not less than thirty of them selected the Mad River Val ley, and within a year or two all of them .settled in what at that time was Champaign County, and my being so mixed up in these scenes, must be my e.xcnse for connecting my pioneer life in Cham paign County, with its incipient stages in Trumbull County. It seems to me from my stand-point, I could not separate them so as to confine myself alone to this my present locality, for the reason that my old associates in a large degree were my new comrades in early pioneer life in this part t)f the State. And the scenes from ISOtito 1811 are now endeared to me, and can hot be eradicated or separated from the .scenes of pioneer life in Champaign County, but must by me be treated as one of the parts of my early life in Ohio. I can well adopt the language of Tupper in his veneration of old haunts; his portraiture in the following lines vibrates upon every chord of ray early reminiscences, and vividly renews all those early recollections which I have attempted to delineate in varied sketches. In view of all these surrounding circumstances am I notjustifieiJ in their connection? 0hl ^mats. ¦'I lo.ve to linger on ii>y track, Wherever I have dwelt ll] after years to loiter back, And feel as once I felt; My toot falls ligiitly on tlie ^ws-rd. Yet leaves a deathless dint; With tenderness X still regard its unl'orgotten print. Old places have a charm for rae. The new can ne'er attain — Old t-ice.^ now I long to see, Their kindly looks again. Vet these are gone — while all around Is changeable as air, .A.1I anchor in tbe solid ground, Vnd root mv memories there! :10 CHAMPAK^N AND The sentimentality of these lines after a lapse of more than a half century, has on two or three occasions induced rae to revisit the locality of these scenes of my boy-hood . The spring near my fath er's cabin; the site of the old logschool-house; the place where stood the old church to which my father and mother led rae, all claimed my first attention. The ''deuthlea^ dhnlP was there, but the '-old faces" were not there; these vf ere "gone," I shall never ^ee ''their iMdly looks again." A deep veneration for these sacred .spots can never be erased. Meraory cherishes tliem, and^the judgment endorses the declaration that all is vanity. I have already stated that ageneral stampede among thesettlers was about to take place, and vvhich ended in its consummation. My father and' his brothers Samuel and .Johnson Patrick caught the contagion, the two latter moving in thr fall of 1810 and set tled on Beaver Creek, in what is now Clarke County, and afterward moved into what is now Logan County. But my father remained in Brookfield until the next spring, and during the winter entered into an arrangement by which five of his neighbors united with him and built a boat, about two miles above Sharon on the Shenango River, of sufficient capacity to con tain six families with their goods, and was made ready to be launched. It was no doubt the flrst, if not the last, enterprise of the kind so far up from the confluence of the river into Big Beaver. The boat being ready, it was after the first sufficient rise fioated over three new mill-dams down to the mouth of Big Yankee creek and moored, and side oars and rudder being attached, was ready for the embarkation ofthe families of Richard Kramer, Jacob Reod- er, William Woods, .Josiah Whitaker, Isaac Loyd and Anthony Patrick, wilh their goods, when after a sudden spring rise in the river were all on boar 1 in due order as above indicated, when the cable -ivas loosed, and tiii-^ band of immigrLtnts numbering about twenty souls set sail and were gently wafted with the current down the Shenango to Big Beaver, and ilown falls of the latter, when the boat was again inoored and the cre\v and their eft'ects were by wagons eiiiployed, conveyed to the foot of the rapids. The boat was put into the hands of a pilot to navigate it over the falls which was done with great speed, but through the unskillful- ne.ss of pilot, was greatly injured upon the rocks and had to be re fitted at some expense, and raade sea-worthy, after which she was again duly laden, and the voyage renewed by running with the LOGAN COUNTIES. 81 current from the falls to the confluence with the beautiful Ohio Ri v- er, and thence down to Cincinnati without noting the daily stop pages and delays after about a three weeks voyage, interspersed with raany incidents which will be now passed. Cincinnati vyas then a little town under the hill. Here these old faraily wayfarers seeking new homes separated, after selling their boat for about twenty dollars and dividing the proceeds, in tending to meet again in the Mad River Valley, which was ultimately realized, as all of them becarae settlers in old Cham paign County IS bounded in 1811, embracing what i" now Clarke, Champaign, Logan, Hanlin, Am-., itc, north to the Michigan Territory line. My Father moved his family to Lebanon, Warren County, arriv ing there on the evening Moses B. Corwin was married, remain ing there and working as a journey-man cabinet maker until August, when he moved to Urbana, arriving there the 9th day of August, 1811. NoTJi: I have attempted to describe a log cabin raising, in its multiform delineations frora the standing forest to the completed structure. And in doing so have committed myself to the criticism of many yet living, who would be more capable of the task I have assumed. I am aware that my attempt has raany defects in point of accuracy of description, that will likely be pointed out as need ing amendment. But my motive was not the enlightenment of the present generation, but was attempted from a desire to hand down to posterity the primitive structures up to 1820, believing that before the year 1920, this mode of building will have become obsolete, and unknown. As the new settlers of this day do not resort to the log cabin, but to the frame house or hovel, the idea of the original log cabin asalready said will bt". unknown, hence the reastm of my feeble attempt. CHAMPAIGN AND CHAPTER IV. 1j(X4 C.\niX CONTINUED. In the presentation ofthe fragmentary sketclie.s contained in the preceding chapters, I owe it to myself to make some additional ex planations (jf the motives that actuated me, in a seeming departure from the programme ofthe " IVe.-ili-ni Ohio I'iinieer Association," in locating scenes of pioneer life in sections of the State outside of (Jhampaign and Logan Counties. And they in part consist — be cause my most early experience antecedes, and as elsewhere inti mated, connects itself with the scenes which followed my early settlement in Champaign County in the year 1811. Pioneer life in all its general relationships is m) uniformly the sarae, that all its general features are as applicable to one locality as another ; and therefore all those generalities of which I have treated, such as hardships endured, dangers encountered, difficuUies met and over come, including all those manifestations of generosity, equality, and sympathetic mutual kindnesses, that have been portrayed as traits of character in the early st^ttlementof the Eastern part ofthe State, are to the letter, applicable to the first settlers of Champaign and Logan Counties, and as a beginning point may be transferred to the latter locality. As already said, my father arrived in Urbana, August 9th, 1811, and rented of Benjamin Doolittle a double cabin, then standing on lot No. 175, on what is now East (lourt St., opposite the First Bap tist Church, and near the present residence of Mrs. Keller. At this point I will attempt a pencil sketch of all the habitations of the old settlers at the date here indicated, and in order to do so more understandingly will promise the remark, that the original plat of Urbana at that day, consisted of 212, in lots 6 rods in front, abutting streets running back ten rods ; four fractional lots around the Public Square six rods square ; and two tiers of ()ut lots on the western border, and one tier on tiie southern border of the town, aggregating twenty-two lots, varying in size from about one and one-half acres to three acres ; for all further general descriptions I LOGAN ( BOUNTIES. 33 will refer io the records. Aud as a further [jrelude will remark, as the street:- now nearly all have new names, that I will adopt them with reference to my localities, and I will take my standpoint in the Public. ¦-iqiiare, and briefly dot the several localities ofthe first settlers of that day, as fully as my recollection.^ will enable me. PUBIjIC .SIJIIAIIK, On the southeast corner of fractional lot No. 1. Henjamin D(jolittle occupied a two-story log house, with a back building attached to west rear for dining room and kitchen, as a tavern stand, and being the same lot now owned and occupied liy M'-l)onalds and others. Josei)h Hedges occupied a small frame with shed roof, called the knife-box, little west of northeast corner of fractional lot No. 4, as a store room of Hedges & Nevilio, with small family residence in the west end, and being the same lot now owned and oc-upied by Glenns and others. .John Reynolds owned and occupied a neat white two-storj' building on northeast corner of in lot No. 48, fronting east on the Public Square, and used in part as a store room ; the balance being his family residence. The store room being on the corner was also by him used us the Post-office, he being the first Postmaster of the place. The very sarae spot is now used for the Post-office in the Weaver House. This whole lot is now owned by Henry Weaver, and as already intimated, is the site of the Weaver House. Widow Fitch, the mother of 3lrs. Blanchard, owned and occu pied in lot No. 1, opposite the \^^eaver House, and had a small log building on it, which was occupied as a family residence, to which she added in front facing east on the Public Square, a respectable two-story hewed log house, u,sing the same soon after as a tavern stand for several years. This site is now known as the Donaldson corner, &c. Dr. Davidson occupied a small frame, fronting the Square on lot No. 154, on part ofthe site of L. Weaver's block. .SOUTH MAIN STREET, From the Public Square, south. Alexander Doke owned and occupied in-lot No. 104, and had on it a little south of the pres ent tavern stand of Samuel Taylor, a double cabin residence of M CHAMPAIGN AND his family, and being a blacksmith, he had on the .same lot a smith shop. This lot embraces all the ground south of S. W. Hitt's store to the corner on market space, and owned now by several individuals. All this ground during the war of 1812, was used a.s an artificer yard. W. H. Tyffe owned the south half of in lot No. 55, ; it has undergone but little impiovement in outside ap pearance, excepting the weatherboarding ofthe log part of it. This same tavern v/as afterward owned and occupied by John Enoch, the father of John Enoch, Jr., and is now owned by the Second M. E. Church as a proposetl future site for a Church edifice. George Hite, on the next abutting lot on west side of South Main St., being No. 71, erected a two-story log house for his family, and being a wheel-wright, tiad ashop near it. The present residence of IMr. Bennett occupies the site of the old dwelling. Job Gard, the father of Gershora Gard, owned in-lot No. 87, the two story frame nowowned by W. L. Studybakeron South Main Street and occupied the upper part and rear buildings as his family residence, and front as a store room of Harrand Rhodes— the latter being the father of Nelson Rhodes, Esq. Henry Bacon if raemory serves me, owned and occupied a sraall fi-ame building on the ground now owned by Mr. Osborn on in-lofo* No. 38, 39; he afterward erected the brick building known as th<* Insurance Office on in-lot No. 8, and occupied it as a dwelling. Here are thrown hastily together a pen sketch of the population in Urbana in 1811, comprising 45 familes, describing from memory the kind of tenements with their localities as nearly as possible; there may be some errors, but it is believed they are few. One sad refiection presents its self noio ; all these have gone the way of all the earth. There may possibly be an exception, but the writer of this is not aware of any. It raay be proper here to point out the public buildings of thei town. The jail has already been noticed. The Court-house was a large log building on lot No. 174 ou East Court Street, which has undergone a change, and is now the property of Duncan McDonald, and is used as a faraily residence. During the war of 1812-15, it was converted into an army ho.spital, and in it many deaths oc curred from a prevalent epidemic malady of that day denominated "cold plague," and the bones of the victims now rest in the old town grave-yard. And may God in his merciful Providence avert that unhallowed cupidity, that is now instigating municipal dese cration upon their silent abode. This building having been ap propriated to the use above indicated, the upper part of the jail was fitted up for the purpose of holding the courts, and was so used until the new court house in the public square was finished, in about the end of the year 1817, and this latter temple of justice remained as county court house, until the clamorous raids of the populace culminated in the erection of our present one, .standing on in-lots No. 16 and 17, about the year 1839. In the earlier settlement of the town, the practice in the winter seasons, was to convert the larger class residences, for the time being, into Bethels for public worship, and in the warm summer months, to congregate near the present Public Square, under the shade of the spreading branches of the large oak trees then iu that vicinity. And as soon as the Court House flrst alluded to was fin ished, it became a place of public worship, and the same will ap- 40 CHAMPAKiN AND ply to all its successors. But, I started out with the intention of informing the public thtt when I first came to Urbana, a large hewed log M. E. Church had recently been erected on in-lot No. 207, and under the itinerant mode of that denomination, was regu larly supplied by many sterling pioneer preachers, during the years up to about 1816, when the brick church now part of tbe Gaiison livery establishment was erected. The pulpit in tbe old log lioiise was supplied soraething in this order during the years indie iled, by Rev. John Meek, Clingman, .Samuel Brockanier, .lohn Collins, and perhaps some others. About bsi6 as already stated, the brick edifice situated on east half of in-!f)t No. 17(1, vvas duly dedicated and supplied in the manner named above, by the hiGAN (JOUNTIES. 48 Vv ill such a galaxy ol stars set, at the close of the present genera- tiaon ? If so, where are they now shedding their lustrous brilliancy ? But to return to the subject matter ofthe early schools of Urbana, -p.;iy prior to 1820. Having referred to the school-houses used, and ¦ftbe teachers, and the mode of supplying them, up to that time, it j;«ight not be amiss to r^ay something of their capacity to teach and .*jtovern. They were, as a general rule, men of high moral stand- fiiig, and qualified to teach all the flrst rudiments of a common rseliool education, such as reading, writing, spelling, arithmetic and Bnglish grammar, and some of them the higher branches of math ematics and algebra ; but not many claimed the latter qualifica- Jiions. But they were thorough in such branches as they professed VM teach, and if they found that any pupils were close upon their Jseelsin any branch, they became studious themselves, to be pre- @»ared to impart instruction to such. This fact has come under my siwn observation in more than one instance ; iu short, they were ^rseveringly industrious, energetic, and it raay be said, ambi tious, and the pupils were like them ; they applied themselves iKssiduously to their lessons, and the key to it was, both boys and 5girls at home had to work, the boys at mechanical trades or upon fiki-ms, the girls at house-keeping, hackling and spinning fiax, ojarding and spinning wool ; so that when they went into the school- sworn, it seemed a recreation to take hold of their books, slates, Alexander, who was a man of hugh dimensions, and Nicholaii-i Longworth, who was below medium size, were employed again-~t each other in the trial of a Stateca.se in the court-room at UrbaBa« and during its progress they both became very much enrageal agaiasteach other, when Mr. Alexander stamped his foot, and witJte excited voice said, " You little thing, hold your tongue orl wilJ put you in my pocket," which Mr. Longworth did not deign te> answer, but addressing himself to the Court said, "may it plea?«»» your Honors, this mountain of flesh," pointing at his antagoni,-.t-, "has threatened to put me in his pocket ; please tell him for me,. vT he does, he will have more law in his pocket than he ever had i« his head." And sometimes these passes of wit occurred between the t!our€ and merabers of the bar. I will give an instance: Mr. St. Clair ha«M an unfortunate impediment; although a man of more than ordinary- talents he could never jiive the letter S its proper .sound — in other words he lisped, and on one occasion he became very much excite-<>i atthe decision of the Court in some matter of interest to hira, anuil indulged in improper language, and .still pei-sisted after the Jud^.";" had commanded hira to take his seat. .ludtje Dumavy ordered th*- Sheriff to arrest and imprison him ; the Sheriff feeling that the dis charge of that duty w^ould be very unpleasant, hesitated, where upon Mr. S( Cl.iir, in the most liland toie, addressed the .Judge by- saying: "May it Pleath your Honor, jjerhapth the therirt' ith wait ing the order of the Court." Wlu-reupon .ludge Dunlavy immedi ately consulte!oyed Col. James Mc Pherson, one of the Zanes^ and perhaps one of the Walkers, to bear the proposals of the call to the .several tribeis over which they cpuld exert a favorable infiuence, which re.sHlted in a meeting of the Chiefs of Shawnees and Wyandots accompanied by their braves, including some of the loaders of remnant tribes. Taken all together they presented quite an imjiosing appearance, and ar rangements having been made,, by the erection oA a platform-stand in a grove a few rods southwest ^rn.;, the old grave-yard, about in the centre of the block of in-lots nuraberin>i- 197, 198, 199, 200, 207, 208, 209 and 210', enclosed by East Church, North Locust, East LOGAN COUNTIES. 49 Ward and North Kenton streets in Urbana. The arrangements to bring about this event had required time, and it must have been as late as the latter part of June, a little after the declaration of the war of 1812, before the council met. But its results were very satisfactory to Governor Meigs, and to the tribes represented, and ended in the exchange of wapapum, and in smoking the pipe of peace. The Indians avowed theii- determination to take sides with the United States, and the Governor on his part guaranteed protection and support to their families, which vv as accepted soon after as a measure of security against hostile tribes. And a block house was erected near Zanesfleld for the protection of their wo men and children, and they were, at the public expense, furnished with provision, &c. I was very young at the time, and have n\)th- ing but memory to aid me in these allegaticms, but believe them substantially true. 60 (CAMPAIGN AND CHAPTER VII. K A KIj\ POV V LA TIO .N' . I will at this point break the thread of these scattered fragmenta ry sketches and return to the subject of the early population of the place. The forty-five families that have been enumerated em braced within their numbers many young persons of both sexes, an4,frequent intermarriages occurred. And confining myself to the years between 1811 and 182(1, I will narae a few in the best or der I can from memory. (reorge Hunter intermarrii^l with Ruth Fitch, now Mrs. Blanchard. James Robinson intermarried with a Miss .Swing, sister to Mrs. Alex. Doke. Asel Sweet with .Miss Uanl, dan.ghter of .Job Gard. Allen M. Poff, afterward an editor of a paper, with Rebecca Fithian, daughter of (lU'orjie Fithian. .John Glenn with a .Miss Cooper of Kentucky. William Neil with Miss Swing, also a sister of Mrs. Doke. Amos .]. Yarnall with ;i .Miss Swing, sister to above. Hugh (Jibbs with Elizabeth Fitch, daughter of Nathan Fitch, and sister to Mrs. Blanchard. Peter R. (,'olwell with Lavina Fitch, sister to above. John Goddard with :Mary Hull, fathei- and mother of Doctor Goddard. David Vance, Sheriff, A-c, with Mi>s W^llson. James Paxton with Miss Tjuce, -lister of Col. D. Luce. (ieorge Moore w ith a Miss Luce, sister to above. Samuel Miller with Blizabeth Dunlap, daughter of Rev. .fames DunlaiJ. Mrs. Miller survives. Col. William Ward, Jr. with Miss Hughs, daughter of Rev. Jamtw Hughes. Mis. Ward survives. William Chattield with Elizabeth Hull, n eice of Mrs. Goddard. Doctor William Fithian, now of Illinois, with a Miss Spain and after her decfiase, with Miss Berry, daughter of .Judge Berry I..OGAN COUNTIES. -M John A. Ward with Eleanor McBeth, daughter of Judge McBeth, one of our first Representatives in the State Legisla ture. Benjamin Holden with Lucinda Pennington. Matthia.s McComsey with Phebe Logan. Joseph S. Carter with Miss Fisher, daughter of Madox Fisher, of Springfield. John Downey with a Mi-^s Parkison. John McCord with Sarah Kenton in 1811, and John G. Parkison with Matilda Kenton, both daughters of General Simon Kenton. .John Hamilton came here about 1814, and soon after intermar ried with Miss Atchison, sister of Mrs. .J. H. Patiick. Doctor Evan Banes with Mi--; Ward, daughter of Col. Williaiu "Ward, Senior. John C. Ford with Thoraas Ford with a Miss McGill, daughter of .Jaraes McGill. James Scotton with a Miss McGill, sister to above. Jacob Lyons with Miss Robi.son. Col. Douglas Luce with Miss Taylor, daughter of Al«»xander Taylor. Daniel .Sweet with Miss Thompson. John Helmick with Miss Rosey-grant. ¦VV illiam Patrick with Rachel Kirkpatrick. I will clo-e (his list heie; and introduce the narae of Calvin Fletcher, who came here a poor boy in 1817. without any means, worked his way as best he could until by perseverance in study, qualified himself for the bar; married a Miss Hill, .sister of Col. Joseph Hill, and soon after, without even money sufficient to take himself and wife comfortably, moved to Indianapolis, ^vhel•e he applied himself as,sidiously to business, and at his death in 1866, by reason of the intimate relationship-; and early a.ssociations of the writer of thi-; with Mr. Fletcher, his family telegraphed him the sad intelligence, requestinij hi^ attendance at the funeral; which invitation he promptly aci epted, and when at the residence of his early friend, he learned the fact frora those who knew, that his es tate approximated to near one million of dollars. It may also be stated thatm addition to theforegoing list of earlj' pioneers a very large number of enterprising young men came to Urbana and located themselves as merchants, mechanics, &c. f •52 CHAMPAIGN AND will name a few, Hezekiah Wells, Thomas Wells and William Mc Donald (who is well known, and came hereatanearlyday, connected himself in a mercantile interest, and became afterwards a public man, he representing this county in the Legislature in after years.) William Neil, late of Columbus, commenced business here as a merchant, in a small frame near the stove store of John Helmick. He was likewise theCashier of the old Urbana Bank. J. Birdwhis- tle, about the beginning of the War of 1812, opened a hotel in the corner building lately torn down by Kauffman and ISeison on cor ner of fractional lot No. 2, and will here note that .Joseph Low, father of Albert and others, continued the same business after Blrdwhistle, in the same house ; John and Uriah Tabor raanufac- tured hats on the hill west ofthe square on West Main Street, near the present residence of E. Kimber. Price had a shoe shop, location not now recollected. Henry Weaver, a previous old set tler of Mad River township, came to Urbana with his small family about 1813, built the small room now standing on the east end of Mr. Ganiner's present residence on lot No. 160 Scioto Street and occupied it as hi^ family residence, in which he aiso had a shoe- bench and worked at shoe-making, connecting with it a .stall for. the sale of apples. This was the beginning to the vast amount of wealth which he has acquired and is now. enjoying in the eighty- fourth year of his life. George Bell, who came here at an early day erected a small nail cutting establishment on lot No. 160, North Main Street, near the present location of P. R. Bennett's jewelry shop. Francis Dubois opened a kind of tavern stand in a double lOg.house on the corner of in-lot No. 24 near the First M. E. Church building. The Gwynnes located here within the years indicated in these sketches, and r)pened what was then a large dry goods store in u red one-story frame building on lot No. 154, being the lot now occu] lied and owned by Mr. L. Weaver; William Downs was also one of the early settlers here, and carried on blacksnntli- ing. John Hurd was one of the oldest settlers, and learned the trade of blacksmithing with Alex. Doke, and carried on the busi ness afterward, to some considerable extent. John Wallace and Elisha C. Berry came here at a very early day as carpenters, and when Reynolds and Ward had determined to establish a factory, they were employed to erect the large building now occupied by Mr. Fox, and in the process of its erection Mr. Wallace met with an accident that came near proving fatal ; he was employed about LOGAN COUNTIES. 58 the hip in the roof on the south side, when the scaffolding gave way and precipitated him to the ground, making a cripple of him ever after. Mr. Wallace being a very worthy man with consider able culture, was elected Sheriff, and held other important public trusts up to the time of his emigration west, years afterward. About the end, and at the conclusion df the war, many accessions were made to the population from New Jersey, Kentucky and other places, but as there are some other subjects before that time that need attention, I will have to bring (his to a poini, by remarking that this historical dotting of business men and business places might be greatly extended in locating tailor, shoemaker, cabinet, wheelwright, carpenter, chair, saddler, potter and other mechan ical shops ; adding to the list other mercantile interests not already noticed. •->4 CHAMPAIGN AND CHAPTER VIII. -MILITARY OPBRATKJN'S IN WAR OV ISlL.'. The war of 1812, and its relationship with the population of Ur bana raay here claim a passing notice. Urbana was a frontier town upon the southern border of an almost unbroken wilderness, with out any public highways north of it, except a very short distance in that direcijion. Its location naturally made it an objective point as a base for army operations, and as such, it infused a good degree of business, bustle aud animation among its citizens. His Excellency Return Jonathan Meigs, Governor of Ohio, made it a strategic point, in concocting raeasures bearing upon the then exposed condition of the frontier settlements. He here held councils with Indian tribes as already intimated, and from his roora in what would now be called the Doolittle House, issued and sent forth his proclamations as Commander-in-Chief. And imrae diately after the declaration of war, on the 18th of June, he desig nated this place as the rendezvous for the troops of the first cam paign of the war. Here it was that General Hull was ordered to bring his forces, being three regiments, under the respective com mands of Colonel Duncan McArthur, Colonel Lewis Cass, and Colonel James Findlay, for the purpose of being here organized with other forces, and they were encamped on the high grounds east of the town, resting their left on what is now named East Water Street, on the lands of Kauffman, Nelson and Berry, ex tending north through their lands, and the lands lately called the Baldwin property, to about East Court Street. They remained here some two weeks for the arrival of Col. Miller's regiment, which had gloriou,sly triumphed under General Harrison at the battle of Tippecanoe, the previous November. And as a testimo nial of the high appreciation of their valor on that occasion, the citizens of the town united with the troops in making the neces sary preparations to receive the gallant Col. Miller and his veteran regiment, with both civic and military demonstrations, in honor LOGAN COUNTIES. .56 of their chivalrous deeds. Two posU, one each side of the road, about twenty feet high, were planted at what would now be known as the foot of the Baldwin hill, a little southwe.st of the present residence of Mr. Marshall, on Scioto Street, and an arch raade of boards was secured at the top ends of the posts, with this inscrip tion in large capital letters, "TIPPECANOE GLORY," on its western facade ; with the national flag floating from a staff" fast ened to each post that supported it. These preliminaries being all completed, and the time of arrival being; at hand. General Hull with his .staff, accompanied by a body guard, headed by raartial music, moved from the carap to the Public Square and halted, to await the approach of the veterans, who were advancins; under flags and banners with appropriate music, at «[uickstep on South Main Street, and at this juncture Col. Miller called a halt, with the additional orders to deploy into line and present arms, as a salute to (General Hull, under the star spangled banner which had been by the citizens unfurled upon a fifty feet pole in the center 'of the Public Square. Whereupon the General and his staff' with suwarrows doffed, rode slowly in review along the whole line. Then, after the necessary raoveraent to re form into a line of march, the General, .staff and guards forraed themselves at the head of the regiment as an escort, and at the command, "To the right wheel! Forward, march!" they moved slowly 'with martial music and colors fi.ying, between lines of citi zens and soldiers, the latter resting right and left respectively at the posts of the triumphal arch, and the former resting on the Public Square and extending eastward to the military lines, all being under complete civic and military regulations, agreeably to an arranged programme. As these veteran United States troops began to move with pre cise measured tread upon Scioto street, the civic ovation began to unfold itself, in the strewing of wild June flowers by young Misses and Maidens, with which they had been provided, the waving of handkerchiefs of matrons, and the swinging of hats and caps of the sterner sex, with continued shouts and huzzas. These exciting demonsti'ations continued without abatement until they reached the lines of the troops as already indicated, when the scene changed into a sublime military display, such as the din of muskets, . th© rattle of drums, and the shrill notes of the bugle, clarionet and fifo, 56 CHA-MPAKiN AND until they reacheil the Arch, and while passing through under it, a park of artillery btthed forth its thunders in the camp, as the signal of welcome to the brave boys wbo had distinguished them selves upon theflelils of Tii)pecanoe. After arriving in the camp they, at the word "lieft wheel," displayed to the north-west and halted upon the high grounds now occupied by Griffith Ellis, Mr. Boal and others, in front ofthe right wing of ihe troops ;dre:iily 'n- camped, and there pitched tents. Taken as a whole this civic and military demonstration presented a pageant nev.-r before or >ii]ce equaled in the new City of Urbana. This re-enforcementcompleted the organization of General Hull's army, which was .soon ordered to open an army ro-id, which was af terwards known as Hull's Trace, through the wilderness, and move its headquarters frora Urbana to Detroit, reaching the latter place somewhere about the 12th July, 1872. The unfortunate sequel in the following raonth is upon the historic page, and does not for the object of this sketch require further notice. It might however, be noticed that this army erected while on its march, the McArthur and Findlay Block Ho'uses, and detailed a small force for their protection as posts of security for army supplies in transit to the seat of war, and as a covert in case of Indian raids in their vicinity. As these sketches are not intended as a history of the war, but only as connecting links to the early pioneer scenes of other days, I need not continue these extended outlines, but mearly reraark, that from the force of circumstances growing out of the fall (rf Detroit in Agust 1812, the defeat of Winchester at the River Rasin in the early part of the year 1813, and other reverses to the North; Urbana, being as already said a frontier town was made of neces sity, a busy objective point. Soon after the events already recited, troops were here concen trated. Governor Shelby of Kentucky for the defense of our ex posed frontier settlements, called out and took command in person of sorae 5,000 mounted men, and encamped them on the south border ot the town, resting his right wing about where the upper pond of the factory now is, extending iis left westward through the liands now owned and occupied by Henry Weaver and the heirs of the late John A. Ward to Redmond's mill, and they remained several days before moving to the front. LOGAN COUNTIES. 57 It may here be also noticed, that Govenor Meigs iraraediately after the surrender of Detroit, made a requisition and designated Urbana as the place of rendezvous for a large Ohio force under the coraraand of Gen^ W. Tupper, and its encarapment was on the high grounds north of the Dugan ravine, b jrdering on what iis now known as Laurel Oak Street. During the seige of Fort Meigs in May 1813, General Mc Arthur, upon request of the Governor, carae here and sent out runnew throughout all the surrounding country, urging the male inhabit ants to imraediately assemble themselves at this point, to inauga- rate raeasures of defense to the expo.sed frontier settlements, and for the relief of the besieged fort, vvhich resulted in a large mat? meeting from all points south to the Ohio River, and the grcatf»r part of them being armed, volunteered to immediately march to the relief of Fort Meigs. The late Governor Vance and Simon Kenton, including ni my other citizens of Urbana were among the number, and took a prominent part in the movement. This force? being officered bj» acclamation and duly organized, immediiteiy moved north, under comraand of C'>1,- McArthur, with Samuel McCoiloch as Aid-dd-Camp. It should bo stated that this force was raade up of horsemen and footmen, and were with all possible ce lerity rushed forward some four days' raarch into the wilderness, , until they were met by Col. William Oliver, John McAdinis, and Captain Johnny, a celebrated Indian of that day, who had been sent asspies, with the intelligence that the eneiny had abandoned the seige ; whereupon these forces returned to Urbana, and were honorably discharged. Other and various concentrations were here made throughout the war, which need not now be noticed. Permanent artificer shops were here established, a hospital, commissary and quarter master departments were here organised, and located as rdready intimated in these sketches ; and Urbana had all the paraphernalia and characteristic appendages of a seat of war, and was to all in tents and purposes The Head Quarters of the North Westem Army., bating a secondary claim of Franklinton. From here troops were ordered to the front, and assigned their posts of dutv; here army supplies concentrated, and by wagons, sleds, pack-horses and other modes of transit, were sent to all points needing them. 58 CHAMPAIGN AND It has already been intimated that Urbana had assumed the dig nity of headquarters to the North West.ern Army ; that the several departments of railitary camp and depot of munitions of war, were here located under appropriate agencies. 1. Wm. Jordan managed the Quartermasters department. 2. Alex. Doke had charge ofthe artificer yard and shops. 3. Zephaniah Luce was issuing coraraissary. 4. Dr. Gould, physician and surgeon to the hospital, 6. Jacol Fo-vvler was a general agent and contractor for Govern ment supplies, by virtue of his functions as head of the Quarter masters department for this point. 6. M:iji>i- David Gwynne, who exercised the office of a pay master, had his headquarters here. This was also a recruiting station, the late Josiah G. Talbott, the father of Decatur and Richard C, &c., in his younger days was a Lieutenant in the regular United States service, belonging to a ¦cou. pany commanded by his brother, Capt. Richard C. Talbott, ai-d enlisted at this point quite a number of recruits. He married a Miss Forsythe, near the close of the war, and some yeirs after locattd in business as a hatter, aud remained here to the time of his decease. And in this connection one other individual deserves to be noticed, for (he valuable service? he bestowed during all the war, in aiding the government by advancements of money antl means when her treasury was greatly depleted, and wailed the re turn for such advancements until she vvas able to refund; he was actuated in liis course entirely through patriotism as a private in dividual, and not as a, public functionary; many poor !, and prep arations made to move upon the Indian camp. When General Kenton, rifle in hand, accompanied by his few fellow-citizens, agaii^ confronted the malcontents, and told them they were not soldiers but cowards, and under a solemn imprecation, with eyes flashing flre, told them that if they went he would go too, and would shoot down the miscreant who would first attempt to com mit the deed, and that if they succeeded, they would have to do it over his dead body. They found with whom they had to deal, and hesitated, and calmed down, and the poor Indians were saved. I will now give an incident to show the spirit of forgiveness that he would manifest to.v.trd an old enemy. One morning, at- 62 CHAMPAIGN AND the close of the war of 1812, might have been seen on one of our streets a tall, well-built specimen of an Indian, enquiring for the residence of Simon Butlei, and soon after, General Kenton raight have been seen moving on the same street ; the tvi'o personages mel, eyed each other :: moment, and immediately were in each other's most affectionate embrace. It seemed that the Indian had been his adopted brother during his captivity, and as such had formed strong attachments. General Kenton took his Indian brother home, and kept him some days as his visitor. The writer bf this, though very young at his flrst acquaintance with General Kenton, seemed to secure his confidence, and the General would take pleasure in rehearsing (he scenes through which he pa.ssed ; and as some, individuals of this day are trying to disparage him by calling him an Indian horse thief, I will state as nearly as possible General Kenton's own version, and in his own language: "I never in ray life captured horses for ray own ut-e, but would hand thera over to those who had lost horses by Indian thefts, nor did I ever make reprisals upon any but hostile tribes, who were at war against the white settlers." He disa vowed taking from friendly Indians horses or other property, then why should he be assailed as a horse thief when he only did such acts as are of common practice in a state of war? Ican not extend this notice, but will say that during the war of 1812, he took an active part whenever the settlements were men aced with hostile attacks. Although old, he still had (he courage tofaceall dangers. My acquain (ance with him reached through all the years from 1811 to his death in 1836, and taken as a whole, his life was a model in many re.«pects worthy of imitation. He was one of nature's noblemen, and well deserves the eulogy which closes the inscription on the !-lab at his grave in Oak Dale Cemetery: " His follow citizens of the West, will long remember him as the skillful pioneer of .-.any times, the brave soldier, and the honest LOGAN COUNTIIH. 63 CHAPTER X. JOHN HAMILTON. In connecting Urbana with the incidents ot the war of 1812, some mention should be made of one of her citizens who came, as has been elsewhere intimated, at a very early day, raised a large femily and at one time seemed very prosperous in his affairs, but reverses came, and John Hamilton died in 1868, dependent upon his children for the necessary comforts at the close his life. The writer of this, knowing the facts that Mr. Hamilton, when a young man, had volunteered in the service of his country in the war of 1812, taken a very active part, and been prisoner among the Indi-<)ns for one year, thought in view of his dependent condi tion, that the Governraent, upon proper showing would raake special provision for him, and he waited upon Mr. Hamilton a short time before his death, and proposed to prepare a narrative of his service and wild adventures, coupled with a meraorlal of the old citizens who knew hira, asking Congress to grant him a special pension for life. He being then in his seventy-sixth year, and being a very modest man ralher declined at first, but upon weighing the matter consented. It was drawn up, and through Hon. \\ m. Lawrence, was introduced in the beginning of the year 1868, and a bill to raake such provision passed its second reading in the House, but before it could be finally acted on his death occurred. Since I coraraenced these sketches, by accident I have found a rough draft of all hisstatements, which were verified at the time by him, and that will enable me to do him an ;, i .j: justice, and perpetuate facts that would soon have passed out of kno .viedge. I shall not attempt to publish his whole narrative of the events, but will merely condense in as sraall a compass as possible the sub stance. He begins by telling that his father about 1793, emigrated to Kentucky from Maryland before he was a year old, that he contin ued with his father until about 1811, having in the meantime learned the saddlers trade, and went to Winchester, and worked as a jour- 64 CHAMPAIGN AND neyman with one Robert Griffin until the breaking out of the war flf 1812. Theentiiusiasm that animated the young men of that day reached young Hamilton, and under the call of Governor Scott, he volunteered and attached himself to Capt. Brasfield's Company which was attached to the regiment commanded by Col. Lewis, of Jessamine county, which moved on to Georgetown the latter part of June, thence to Newport where they were equipped and ordered to Fort Wayne via Dayton, Piqu;i, and St. Mary's. Prom Fort Wayne they were orderedvvestward in the direction of Tippeca- moe, to drive away and destroy the supplies and burn the village of A hostile tribe, which was aceom plished, and they returned to the place of their last departure. From Fort Wayne, Colonel Lewis' Regiment was ordered by tJeneral Winchester to march to Defiance on short rations about Kovember 1 ; thence down the Maumee River to Camp, No. I, 2, and 3. Here they had no flour, and very little meat for about three weeks. He recites the fact, that near this place while on a scout, Logan being in corapany with Captain Johnny and Comstock, was shot through the body some seventeen miles from camp, and rode in behind the latter and died soon after his arrival in camp. He further says, that about the time (hey left their camp, a little port was furnished, but that they were still on short rations. Great afflictions were here endured from fevers and other diseases incident to camp life, and many died. On the 25th of Pe- cemher 1812, they left this encampment, and it comraenced snow ing, continuing all day, and fell two feet deep. They reixched a point on the bank of the river, and pitched their tents with much difficulty in the deep snow, and enjoyed theraselves that night in all the sweets of soldier life. The next day they raarched in a body to the head of the Rapids, and encamped and reraained there 91 few days. General Winchester ordered Colonel Lewis to detach about six hundred of his regiment, and raove them immediately to the river Raisin, to dislodge the British and Indian forces there encamped, and on the 18th of .lanuary, 1813, Colonel Lewis com menced the assault and drove them frora their quarters into the ¦woods, both beligerents suffering great loss in the skermish. Col onel Lewis' returned and occupied the enemy's position within pickets enclosing a Catholic Church, -iiliiciently large to contain his forces, when he immediately sent a cnurier to General Winches- ii'"- reporting the victory, which induced the General to order LOGAN COUNTIES. 65 another detachment of three hundred to support Col. Lewis, of which Mr. Hamilton was one, and these were commanded by the General himself, who arrived and encamped outside of the pickets. On the morning of the 22d of January, 1813, the British forces with their Indian allies, w -re discovered in lii^e of battle; the long roll was sounded, and th<> American lines were formed, the battle coramenced, and was fought with desperation, the enemy having the vantage ground; at this juncture Major Graves ordered the second detachment to retreat, and it retreated into the woods, when Col. Lewis rode up and requested it to makrt a stand, that perhaps theforce of the enemy mi.i,'ht be broken. The request was complied with ; but before rainy rounds had been flre 1, he ex claimed, "Brother soldiers, we are surrounded; it is useless to stand any longer; each lake care of himself as best he can." Here was the beginnint; of the trouMj of John Himilton, and in my further extracts, I will let him s[>:^ak fcr himself, and he says : "I immediately shaped my c iur.se southwird, and soon discovered I had been singled out by an Indian; I kept about sixty yards ahead of him — so near that we ciuld converse. I was still armed and held him in check, and when I stopped I would tree, he using the sameprecaution. Hecould use enough English to s.iy with a beckoning hand, '¦'¦Come here!" I resp) tided "No!" We remained in this position until I could see an opportunity to make aaother eff'ort to escape. Then I would present my gun in sliooting posi tion as though I would shoot; this would drive him again to his tree, when I would spring forw.ird and gain another tree. Spend ing some time in this way, I discovered I had another pursuer who fired upon me from a western position, and I at once was sat isfied I could notdod.ge two— one north and one west— so I made up ray mind to surrender to the first to avoid being instantly killed. I leaned my gun against ray covert tree and beekone 1 to the flrst, and gave myself up to him; the other arriving immedi ately, deraanded a division of spoils, which was settled by No. 2 taking ray long knife and overcoat, and he left me the prisoner of JSTo. 1, after showing rae his power to scalp me, by the flourish of his knife over my head. My captor then took rae to the rear of the British lines, where we remained by some camp-fires, it being a very cold day, and while at the fire the same Indian th.it got my over-coat and knife mtide further claim, which was not so easily settled this time. In 66 CHAMPAIGN AND this controversy between the two, my friend being an Ottawa and theother a Potawatamie they had much difficulty. The Indian No. 2, the Potawatamie, manifested a diitermination to take ray life by actually cocking his gun and presenting it to shoot, when it was again settled by an agreement to tike my remaining coat and relinquish all further claim, which was complied with, and I be came the undisputed prisoner of No. 1, the Ottawa. At this point a Canadian Frenchman, who was a camp-suttler, beckel a com pliance. "A council was .shortly afterward called and convened, and the terms proposed were accepted, and complied with, and I was de livered at Detroit on the flrst day of .January, 18U, to the com manding offlcer of the Fort, and there I met with other prisoners and we were all provided for." Here Mr. Hamilton's captivity ended, ahd in the continuation of his narrative, he says he found him,self three hui.dred miles from home in tne middle of a cold northern winter, thinly clad, and without raoney. He was here furnished with an order for ra tions to Urbana, to which place he came and remained a few days with friends and then left for Winchester, Kentucky; where he ar rived without any further government aid about the raiddle of February, 1814, after an absence of nearly twenty raonths. Pie fur ther says, he remained at Winchester a few days, arranged hislitr tie affairs and returned to Urbana and made it his home. Mr. Hamiton's exemplary and religious life is well known to this com munity, and here this narrative ends. LOGAN COUNTIES. (;<» CHAPTER XI. ADDITIONAL PIONEER SETTLERS. As SO much has been said in regard to the Indians in connection with early pioneer life, during the vv^ar of 1812, it raight in contin uation be noted, that soon after the war, onr border tribes, the Shaw nees, Wyandotts and some other remnint tribes, made Urbana a great trading point. In the early Sprimr, after their hunting sea son, they might be seen with their squaws and pappooses every few days coraing in on North Main Street in large numbers in single file, riding ponies laden with the various pelts— deerskins, both dressed and raw, bear and wolf skins, moecasinshighly orna mented with little beads and porcupine quills; with some times maple sugar cakesand other marketable commodities, all of which they would barter to our merchants for such articles of merehan disc as they needed for the sumraer season, or that would jr ease their fancy. And in the fall months the .same scenes would be pre sented in bringing in other commodities, such as cranberries, and such other articles as they h id to dispose of, to barter for powder and lead, preparatory for their hunting season; blankets, hand kerchiefs, &c., would also be purchased as nece.ssaries for the ap proaching winter. It was then a common jiractice to encamp near town, and as Indians as a general rule were very fond of whisky, they would sorae times give trouble, and would have to be watched closely. Restraints, from selling or giving thera whisky or other intoxicating liquors, were at that day provided by law, and had to be enforced against those who kept them for sale. In that way the Indians could be kept frora overindulgence, and by that raeans the citizens were secured frora drunken depre dations from them. There raight many raore pioneer scenes be presented in relation to Urbana and Champaign county, but it is difficult to weave them into the narrative of events in the order in which they occurred, and I will leave them for other pens. The same general remarks that I have delineated in these sketches, in regard to the disposi- 70 CHAMPAIGN AND tion to aid each other, raay be applied to the old settlers of this whole comraunity ; the same wild adventures are also equally ap plicable, and older settlers than myself will be more competent to portray them. I will, however, here state that some other o.d set tlers' names should be mentioiia.i in connection with early pioneer life in Urbana. Thomas Pearce, father of Harvey, as I am in formed, before Urbana was located, built and occupied a log cabin on what is now known as market space, and opened afield north of SciotiD Street, and cultivated it for some years. The following additional names may be noted as very early set tlers in this town: Williara Bridge, James McGill, James Hulse, Folsom Ford, Joseph Gordon, Willia-ct Mellon, Samuel Gibbs, Hugh Gibbs, Benjamin Sweet, Martin Hitt, A. R. Colwell, Will iara McCoiloch, William Paridson, Curtis M. Thompson, George -Moore, Alexander Allen, and others. At this point it may be noted thrtt Harvey Pearce and .Jacob Harris Patrick are believed to be the oldest male settlers now here who were born in Urbana, both of whom are over sixty years old. Through the kind assistance of Col. Douglas Luce, who has been in Urbana from 1807 to this time, I am enabled to present the following list of old settlers of the township of Urbana. It is to be regretted that it will be impossible to extend to them indi vidually anything more than the mere names, which will divest them of much interest, as each one of them might be made the subject of interesting pioneer experience. It may be here noted that as other per.sons who live in the other townships of the county are engaged in pre'^enting the names of old settlers iu them, it will supercede the necessity of my extending them be yond the limits of Urbana township: Simuel Powell, Abraham Powell, John Fitzpatrick, Joseph Knox, .James Largent, John Wiley, Jiseph Pence, Jacob Pence, William Rhodes, John Thoraas, Joseph Ford, Ezekiel Thomas, John Trewitt, George Sanders, Jessie Johnson, Benjamin Nichols, Williara O.-imm ings, John White, Robert Noe, Rob?rt Barr, Alexander McBeth, Is^c Shockey, Major Thom:is Moore, Th-.nnas M. Pendleton, Elisha Tabor, Bennett Tabor, Tabian Eagle, Job Cleven-er, James Dal las, John Winn, S. T. Hedges, Jonas Hed.ies, i^ev, '.James I»unlap, John Pearce, John Dawson, Charles Stuari-, Chrvsiopher Kenaga, Minney Voorhees, Jacob Arney, John G. and feohort Qtldwell, Richard D. George, Wise, (near the pond bearing liis name,) LOGAN COUNTIES. 71 Thoraas Donlin, Isaac Turman, William McRoberts, Logan, Andrew Richards and Thomas Watt. Many of the above settled in Urbana Township as early as 1801, and all of them bofore 1820. These fragmentary and desultory sketches have almo.st entirely been grouped togethei from memory, and if some errors as to ex act dates, at. 1 even as to matters of fact, should have crept into them, they must be imputed to that common frailty that is in separable from humanity. It is believed, however, that as a whole, the st.itements are all substantially warranted by the fact? and circura3tani;es from which they are delineated. Many things perhaps raight have been omitted, and supplied to advantage by others that have been left out This would be true if the Pioneer Association depsnded upon the pen of only one in dividual. But as I understand it, the object is to solicit contribu tions detailing pioneer life from many writers, and throw them to gether in such order as to make one collection of facts and inci dents in relation to the whole subject-matter ; the versatility thus united contributing raatters of interest to all classes of readers. I need not therefore continue these sketches, but leave to raore proficient pens the task of filling out omissions, and will in that view make this summary remark, that in the sixty-six years, since my first acquaintance with Ohio, great changes have taken place. She had then been recently carved out of a wilderness of limitless extent, called the North Western Territory, and still more recently merged into an infant State Government, containing nine counties, with less population than is now contained in one of our present towns. It was then a wilderness, with here and there a sraall set tlement, with a few scattered f^abins, surrounded by new openings or clearings, without roads or other conveniences. At a few points small towns were laid off, and a few rustic cabins built; such vvas Ohio in 1802. Seventy years later, and she presents the panorama .now unfurled to our view, and which needs no pen painting sketch, as it is all before us. What a contrast ! And pursuing the thought, let us bring it home, and apply it to Urbana and Champaign county, in 1802, when all the territory from Hamilton county north, to the Michigan territory line, was a vast, unorganized wilderness, abounding with wild game, and the hunting grounds of the In dians interspersed here and there with small cabins, surrounded with clearings of white adventurers. In 1803, Butler, Warren, Montgomery and Green counties were organized. In 1805 Cham- 72 CHAMPAIGN AND paign county was forraed, embracing the territory noith from Green county including what are now Clark, Champaijjn, Logan, Hardin, &c., and the same year Urbana was located as the seat of justice. But extendingit six years forward to 1811, we find Urbana as heretofore described containing forty-five rustic log cabin family residences, surrounded with a few hardy adventurers, widely scattered upon wild lands, erecting cabins and opening up clear ings, and (hrad leading from the latter place to Zanesfield un tU they reached the farm now owned by Charles Hildebrand. Here they turned a little to the left, taking u\t a valley near his farm. Arriving at McKees Creek, they crossed it very near where the present Railroad bridge is; thence to Blue Jacket, crossing it about one mile west of Bellefontaine on the farm now owned by Henry Good. They continued their line of march on or near the present road from Bellefontaine to Huotsville. They halted some time at Judge McPherson's farm, now the county infirmary, passing through what is now Cherokee, on Main street, to an Indian village called Solomon's Town, where they encamjied on the firm now owned by D^vid Wallace. The trace is yet plain to be seen In many places. Judge Vance informs me there is no timber grow ing in the track in many places in Charapaiyn county. I forgot to say they encamped nt VVest Liberty. James Black informs me he saw Gen. Hull's son fall into Mad River near where Mr. Glovers' Mill now stands, he toeing so drunk he could not sit on his horse. 7 74 CHAMPAIGN AND PHENOMENAL. There has been, as the reader will see elsewhere, two dreadful tornados in these counties ; one at Bellefontaine, the other at Ur bana. In addition to those phenomena this country was visited by several earthquakes. These shocks were distinctly felt in Cham paign and Logan counties. They were in the winter of 1811-12. See Patrick's and my accounts of tornados elsewhere in this volume. On the 7th day of February, 1812, at ,m hour when raen were generally wrapt in the most profound slumbers, this country gen erally, was visited by another shock of an earthquake. It was of greater severity and longer duration than anj' previous one yet. It occurred about forty-flve minutes after three o'clock in the morning. The motion was from the south-west. A dim light was seen above the horizon in "that direction, a short time previous. The air, at the time, was clear and very cold, but soon became hazy. Two more shocks were felt during the day. Many of the inhabit ants, at this time, fied from their houses in great consternation. The. cattle of the fields and the fowls raanifested alarra. The usual noise, as of distant thunder, preceded these last convulsions. The shock was so severe as to crack some of the houses at Troy, in Mi ami county. The last shocks seemed to vibrate east and west. This shock was felt with equal severity in almost every part of Ohio. Travelers along the Mississippi river at that time were awfully alarmed. Many islands, containing several hundred acres, sunk and suddenly disappeared. The banks<«of the river fell into the water. The ground cracked open in an alarming manner. Along the river, as low down as New Orleans, forty shocks were felt, from the 16th to the 20th. At Savannah, on the 16th, the shock was preceded by a noise resembling the motion of the waves of the sea. The ground heaved upward. The people were affected with giddiness and nausea. LOGAN COUNTIES. 75 TORNADO AT BELLEFOMAlNE. ' Tornado' at Belief ontaine, JuheM, 1825, as related to me by those ricifiotmtnessed ill Ahont One o'clock, there was a dark :ma.ss;of «abiMs seen'iooniing u'p in the west and seemed to increase in volume aaid'in terrific grandeur as it approached the town. The mass of Mack clouds riovv ihtermihgled with others of a lighter hue of .a impbtya^pearahce, all dashing, rolling and foaming like ^a- vast "i>biling cauldron, accompanied by thunder and -lightning, preseii- litigato^iie to the spectator at once most grand, sublime and" ap- '^liihg. 'A'few'ininutes before' its approach' there seemed tobe;a «ieath-like stillness, not a brekth of air to move the pendant lea^^^ies asn the trees. It seemed as if the storm king, as he rede in awful Boiajesty on the infuriated clouds had stopped to take his breath in order to gather strengthtocontinuehis work of destruction. Man smd beast stood and gazed in awful suspense, awaiting to all a p- ^arance, inevitable destruction. This suspense was but for a moment; soon the terrible calamity was upon them, sweeping ¦everything as with the besom of destruction, that lay in its path. Fortunately this country was then new and almost an unbroken forest, consequently no one was killed. It passed a little north of the public square, however within the present limits ofthe town, gfeuck Mr. Houtz's, two story brick dwelling, throwing it to the ground, and a log spring-house, carryingit dff even to the mud sills ; it picked up a boulder that was imbedded in the ground, weighing about three hundred pounds, carrying itsorae distance from where it lay. Mi:. Carter, who was there at that time, informs me it aferipped the bark off a walnut tree from top to bottom, leaving it standing ; it carried a calf from one lot and dropped it inte another. Mrs. Carter says she saw a goose entirely stripped of its feathers. Passing through town its course lay in the direction of the Rush- eceek Lake, passing over that little sheet of water, carrying water, feh and all out on dry land. Tho fish were picked up the next day agreat distance from the Lake; even birds were killed and stripped 76 CHAMPAIGN AND of their feathers. The writer ofthis has followed the track ofthi* storm for thirty miles. Its course was from the south west ftsu ?he north east, passing through a dense forest. I don't think it varied from a straight course in the whole distance. Its fore* iseemed to have been about the same. It did not raise and faM like the one that passed through Urbana some years after. LasS summer the writer ¦visited the track of this storm where it crossed the Scioto near where Rushcreek empties into that stream in Mai»- lon county, where the primitive forest stands as it left it. Thesa- as elsewhere it is about one-half mile in width. In the out skiriai of the track there are a few primitive trees standing shom of the^- tops looking like monumental witnesses ofthe surrounding desol»- ¦Jion. But for fi^vehundred yards in the center of the track thef» is not one primitive tree standing, they having fallen like tbs' grass before a scythe. If such a storm should pass over BeIlef<}iB- taine now, there would be nothing left of it. LOGAN COUNTIEB. 7* THE LOST CHILD. About two miles directlj' west of Lewistown, in l!iogan county, return to his uncle at the .qew^.hotise, whpre; ^jp .jaqthesr; .faad lelfe him . 'Soon the alarra -waSiSpread fai; apd. near, and, peopl^ cjpllectedl frora all pArts of the, countr.y^ Thera were ait.tim.es^ov^r a thousand! people hunting him. They continued their search for 'tnreelvveeksj. Every foot of groimdfor.-three jjiiles from the house was searched, even the Miarhi river was dragged for ¦ miles ; but all in vain — not a track could be seen;in the yielding alluvial soil of the neighbor hood— nothing, save the imprint of. his littie. fpet in the dust of tbe path in the field above-mentioned ; not a shred, of his clothing vvas to be seen any where,, aiid to tljis day his history is a-profound an«3 melancholy mystery Jt i^, however, the opinion of Jjlr. Cherry, the uncle of the child, that he was stolen by the Indians, He say® there was an.Indian who,, for many years, had ]bee{i in'the haJDit of trapping in the neighborhood, and suddenly disappeared, and ha® never ibeen seen there, .since. .ThOjife! . was ,a. deputation of citizens «ent out where, the, Indian Jived,, and accused him of the crime, bull hel resolutely denied it. „My. Hopkins hag been singularly ua- fortunate with his family ; one son died in the army, and.anotbea- was crushed- by tbe.cars, near Champaign City, Illinois, where h© paw resides.] . , ,. , . ALIAS ADAM HOKN: HIS LIFE, CHARACTER AND CRIMES. Hi'i birth — TraveU in Europe — Arrival in this country — His opinion of ivomen — Good character — His courtship and marriage — Jeal ousy — Charged with attempting to poison his wife — Sudden death of his two children — Charged iviih poisoning them — Murders his wife — Is committed to prison — Brea/tsjailatid eludes pursuit — JEvid ence on his trial fofr the inurder of /vis second wife — Conviction. In all the list of crimes recorded in the annals of the law, none has ever existed, which, in all its terrible features, displayed a more ruthless disregard of the laws of instinct, or so utterly vio lated and set at defiance the common bond of human nature, as the bloody acts of Andrew Hellman, alias Adara Horn! The dreadful enorraity of thera' must not be concealed, for they serve as a warning, and show us to what a length our bad passions may lead us, if suffered to master us. From the most authentic sources we have collected the following particulars of Horn's life, which may be relied upon as correct. Andrew Hellman, alias Adara Horn, was born on the 24th of June, in the year 1792, at the ancient town of Worms, on the river Rhine, renowned as the place w.here the German Diet assembled in the year 1521, before which Luther was summoned to answer to the charge of heresy, and is a portion of the Hessian State of Hesse Darmstadt. He is, therefore, a Hessian by birth, and the son of 80 CHAMPAIGN AND Hessian parents. We have before us a certificate, signed by a priest, and dated at the town of Worms in the year 1792, giving the names of his parents, and certifying to the day of his birtb and baptism under the name of Andrew Hellman ; there can, therefore, be no doubt as to this being his true name. His parents gave hira a good education, and at the age of sixteen he was bound an apprentice toa tailor at Wisupenheim, in Petersheim county, Germany, where he reraained until he became of age, when a de^- aire to roam induced hira to start off with only his thimble and his scissors in his pocket, with the aid of which, according to his own representation, he worked his way through all the German States, as well as various f>ther parts of Europe, returning again to Wisupenheim in the fall of 1816, after an absence of nearly thre« years. He could not long content himself there, however, and hearing of the golden harvest that was to be reaped in America, and having a desire to see a country that he had heard so much of, he took pas,sage for Baltimore, where he arrived in ti.e year 1817, being then about twenty-five years of age. As far as can be learned after his arrival, he worked for a merchant tailor of that city, for nearly three years, when he started for Washington, and passing through the ancient city of Georgetown, soon found himself in Loudon county, Virginia. It may be proper here to remark that during his stay in Balti more, he so conducted himself as to secure many Iriends. He was theri a .young man of good personal appearance, sober, steady, and industrious, well-behaved, and mild in his demeanor, and withal in telligent and well-informed. He seemed, however, to have imbibed a lasting dislike to the whole female race, looking upon them as mere slaves to man, whilst he considered man, in the fullest sense ofthe term, as the "lord of creation." Woman, accord ing to his opinion, was only created as a convenience for the other sex, to serve in the capacity of a hewer of wood and drawer of water ; to cook his victuals, dara his stockings, never to speak but when spoken to, and to crouch in servile fear whilst in his presence. He regarded the scriptural phrase applied to the sex, as a "helpmeet for man," in its literal sense, whilst he would deny her all social privileges and rights. That this is still his opinion ^ may be aptly illustrated by a conversation held with him a few days ago, since his conviction, by a gentleman who was starting for Obio, who asked him if he had any message to send to his son LOGAN COUNTIES. 81 Henry. He replied, "Yes, tell Henry if he should ever marry, to imarry a religious woman.' The gentleman replied that he thought be ought also to advise him to embrace religion himself, ais it was as necessary on the part of the man as the woman, in order to secure permanent happiness. "No! no! no!" passion ately exclaimed the old reprobate. -'Woman must know how to Jiold her tongue and obey. She has nothing to do with man." He arrived in Loudon county, Virginia, in the fall of the year 1820, and stopped at the farmhouse of Mr. George M. Abel, situa ted about four miles from Hillsborough, and about seven miles from Harper's Ferry. Mr. Abel was an old and highly respected German farmer, who had emigrated to this country a nuraber of years previous; and had reared around him a large family of sons »nd daughters. The old gentleman took a liking to Hellman, and unfortunately, as the sequel will prove, allowed him to stop or board with him, and being a good workman, he soon succeeded in having plenty of work to do from the farmers of the surrounding rountry. He remained through the winter, and in the spring of S821 started for Baltimore. He, however, remained in Baltimore for but a few raonths, and in July again returned to his old quar ters at Mr. Abel's, where he had so effectually succeeded in con- eealing his opinion of the sex, or bad perhaps been lulled from its expression by the scenes Of happiness, contentment, and equality that prevailed among the different sexes of the household of the respected old Loudon farraer, that he was allowed to engage the affections of one of his daughters. Mary Abel was at this time in the twentieth year of her age, a blithe, buxom, and light-hearted country girl, with rosy cheek and .sparkling eye, totally unacquainted with the deceitfulness of the world, and looking to the future to be a counterpart of the past, which had truly been to her one continued roimd of innocent pleasure and happiness. With a kind and affectionate disposition, and a thorough and practical knowledge of all the varied duties of housewifery, she was just such a one as would be calculated, if anited to a kind and affectionate husband, to pass through the (ehequered scenes of life with all the sweets of contentment, and but few ofthe bitters of discord. But such was not her lot. Deceived by his professions of love and promises of unceasing constancy, and with the approval ot her father and family, in the month of De- 82, CHAMPAIGN AND eefmber, 1821, she became the wife of Henry Hellman. They con tinued foi- two years in the faniily of Mr. Abel, during only a por tion of which time the presence of relations and friends was safHcient to- restrain the flendishness of his disposition. After the lapse of a few months he appeared to be gradually losing all affec tion for her, though for the first sixteen months, with the excep tion of this apparent indifference, everything passed off quietly. On theStl of August, 1822, Louisa Hellman, their first daughter, was born, which, however, he looked on as a serious misfortune, and, had they not been under the parental roof, sad would doubt less have been the poor mother's fate. In the month of April 1823, ,ibout sixteen months after marriage, an unfounded and violent jealousy took posession of his very soul, and all the pent-up ferociousness of his disposition towards her sex broke forth with renewed violence. He accused her of infidelity of the basest kind, and on the 17th of the ensuing September, when Heiii-y Hellman, their second child, whp is now living in Ohio, was born, he wholly disowned it, and denounced its mother as a harlot. From this moment all hopes of peace or happiness were banished, but like poor Malinda Horn, she clung to him, aud prayed to her God to convert and reform him, hoping that his eyes would be ultimately opened to reason and common sense. But, alas ! it was all in vain. In return for every attention and kindness she received nothing but threats and imprecations. Instead of the endearing name of wife, she was always called "my woman," and his ideas of the degrading duties rnd dishonorable station of women fully applied to her. He had, however, never used any personal violence, and she consequently felt bound for the sake of her children, uot to desert him. In the spring of lS2i, he rented a small place in Ijoudon, about a mile from her father's, where they lived for nearly eight years, during which time, in June 1827, John Hellman a third child, was born, at which time he openly declared that if she ever had an other he would kill her. This, however, was theirlast child. On one occasion, whilst living on this place, he left her, in a fit of passion, and went to Baltimore, leaving wife and children almost destitute, where he remained about three months, and returned with promises of reformation. In the meantime her father, having several sons grown around LOGAN COUNTIES. 83 him, began to cast about for some mode of giving them all a start in the world, and finally sold a portion of hisfarm, and bought a section of laind for each of them in different counties of Ohio. John Able and George Able went to Stark county, Ohio, and Helraan received for his wife a section of land in Carroll county, though he refused to live on the section of ground belonging to his wife, ap parently through ill feeling towards her. When he left Loudon county he disposed of property to (he amount of at least |3,000. How he had accumulated so much in the short space of ten years, when he had corae there penniless, was, and still is regarded as a mystery. Although possessed of a close and miserly disp'-'sition, denying his faraily nearly all the comforts of life, with the excep tion of food, of which he could not deprive them with out suffering hiihself, it .seemed impossible, from the fruits of his needle, so large an amount could have been accumulated. The five years he passed over in Carroll county we pass over in silence, with the exception of the remark that the lot of the poor wife during the whole of this time, vvas one of continual unhap- piness, whilst the children also regarded him with fear and trem bling, particularly poor Henry, whom he wholly disowned. This treatment on the part of her brutal husband of course entwined her heart more closely to that of Henry, who was then in his twelfth year, and the knowledge of this increased his growing enmity towards her and hira. When he left Carroll county he was in possession of two fine farms, which he sold for a large amount. They were located within half a mile of the now thriving city of Carrollton. His removal to Logan county was hailed by his wife with joy and delight, for there resided her two brotiers, Gen. John Abel and Mr. George Abel, who had emigrated thither sume eight years previously, and were now surrounded by large and happy farailies. As good foi;tune would have it, he bought a fine farm, the dwelling of vvhich was within a hundred yards of Gen. Abel's, and but a .short distance from her brqther George ; and now poor Mary exjiected and did occasionally meet a countentnce that beamed on her with affection and kindness. She could there, when an opportunity afforded, seated at the hospitable hearth of one of her brothers, go over the scenes of enjoyment and happi ness that they had passed together in old Loudon, and the memo- 84 CHAMPAIGN AND ry of her good and kind-hearted father and mother, who were long since departed, would often call a tear to the eye of the alHicted mother. They arrived in Logan county in the spring of 1836, at which time the three children had arrived at an age when they became useful about the farm. Louisa was in her fourteenth year, Henry was thirteen, and John was about nine years ot age. They were three fine intelligent children, such as a man should have been proud of, slill they appeared to have no share in their father's af fections. Money and property is the god he worshiped, and al though in reality he was far better off than many of his surround ing neighbors, still he kept all his family dressed in the meanest manner, so much so (hat they were compelled to remain at home on all occasions. The children were, however, knit into the very heart of the mother, and she looked on them with all the fond hope with which a mother usually regards her offspring. About a year after their arrival at Logan, Mrs. Hellman on one occasion had pourea out a bowl of milk with the intention of drink ing it, but be ore she got it to her lips she found that the top of it was corapletely covered with a quantity of white powder, which had at that moment been cast upon it. Immediately suspecting it to be poison, and having no mode of testing it, she threw it out, and undoubtedly, from subsequent events, thus preserved hei life. There was no one at the time in the house but her husband, and he de"ied all knowledge of it. She was under the impression at the time that he had atterapted to poison her, and it is now gene- iCally believed that such was the case. For the year following this event he apparently became raore morose and sullen, but his faraily had become used to it, and ex pected nothing better. In the month of April, 1839, all three of the children were suddenly taken sick, and lay in great suffering for about forty-eight hours, when Louisa, the eldest, aged sev enteen years, an-1 John, the youngest, aged twelve years, died, and were both buried in one grave, leaving the mother inconsola ble for her loss. Her whole attention, however, was still required for poor Henry, who lay several days in great suffering, but he fi nally recovered. This was a sad stroke to the heart of the already grief-stricken mother, which was doubly heavy on her from the firm belief she entertained that their death had resulted from poi- LOGAN COUNTIES. 85 son, and that that poison had been administered to them by the • hand of their father — by that hand which should have brushed away from their path every thorn that could harm them. The belief is now general throughout the county that their blood is also on the head of Andrew Hellman, but whether true or false remains to be decided between him and his GoJ. It would seem, if the charge be correct, to have been a miraculous intervention ot Providence that poor Henry, the child of Misfortune, the one alone above all others that his father disliked and ill-tjeated, was the one that outlived the effects of the deadly potion. Happy would he doubt less now be could he disown such a father, and forever obliterate from memory his existence. He is, however, now loved and re spected by all who are acquainted with him, having fully inherited all the good qualities of his unfortunate mother, and fully proving the saying that a bad man raay be the father of a worthy son. Just entering on manhood, he bids fair to reclaim, by a just and honorable life, a name that has been tarnished by the most detes table acts of crime and guilt. It may be stated here, in jjistice to Hellman, that, since his con viction of the murder of Malinda Horn, he has been questioned with regard to the death of his children, and though he did not deny the murder of his flrst wife, he positively asserts that he had no hand in their death. He, however, will flnd it diflScult to sat isfy those who witnessed the heart-rending scene, and his utter callousness as to the result, that he is not also their murderer — that the blood of his innocent offspring does not rest on his head, equally with that of the unborn child of his second victira. The bodies, we learn, were not examined, to discover the cause of death, the suspicion as to their being poisoned having been kept a secret in the breasts of the members of the family, for the sake of the poor mother, whose hard lot might have been embittered in case they should have been unable to sustain the charge. As bad as they then thought him to be, they could hardly believe him to be guilty of such a crime, but experience has since taught thera that he was capable of anything, let it be ever so heinous and criminal, and not even a denial under the solemnity of a confess ion can now clear him of the «'harge. The two children, as has already been stated, died in the month of April, 1839, and on the 26th of September, 1839, flve months af ter, the poor mother met her terrible fate. The intervening time 86 CHAMPAIGN AND had been passed in fear and trembling, and she watched over and guarded her only reraaining child with tenfold care and anxiety. She feared that the blow which she thought had been aimed mainly at the head of the disowned Henry, was still reserved for him., and she therefore followed him with the argus eyes of a mother, when evil or danger threatens ; she wa'ched his depart ure, and longed for his return when absent at his dail^' labor, and folded him to her h^art as its only solace unuer the heavy weight ot sorrow and aflliction she had been called on to endure. Henry loved his mother equally, well, and did much to ease her heart of its heavy burden. On the 26th of September, hearing that her brother George was unwell, she gladly embraced the opportunity of sending Henry to assist his uncle on the work of the farm for a few days, knowing that there at least he -would be out of harm's way. It was the first time that he had ever been absent from her, and when she bade him farewell, and admonished him to take care of himself, little did she think that it was the last time she ever would see him— that ere the ensuing dawn of day she would herself be lying a mangled and mutilated corpse. Such was the melancholy fact, as the sequel proved. The events of that night and the two succeeding days are wrapped in impenetrable darkness, no witness being left but God and the murderer that can fully describe thera, but such a scene as we are left w imagine, we will endeavor to narrate. On Saturday morning, the 28th of September, 1839, Mrs, Rachel Abel, the wife of Mr. George Abel, carae to the house to see her sister-in-law, and so soon as she entered the door she was surprised ' to see Hellman lying in bed in the front room, with his head, face and clothing covered with blood. With an exclamation of won der she a^ked him what was the matter. He replied, affecting to be scarcely able to speak from weakness and loss of blood, that two nights previous, at a late hour, a loud rap had summoned him to the door ; on opening it, two robbers had entered, one a large, dark man, ( meaning a negro ) and a small white man, when he had immediately been leveled to the floor with a heavy club. How he had got into lied he said he eould not tell, but that he had been lying there suffering ever since, unable to get out. On hear ing this story, and from his bloody appearance, and apparent faint ness, not doubting it, Mrs. Able exclaimed, "Where in the nam* LOGAN COUNTIES. 87 of God is your wife-?" to which he replied, "I do not know, go and see." On pushing open the back rbom door, a scene of blood met her view that it would be impossible fully to describe. In the center of the room lay the raangled corpse of the poor wife, with her blood drenching the floor, whilst the ceiling, walls, and furniture, were also heavily sprinkled with the streams which had evidently gushed from the numerous wounds she bad received in the dreadful struggle. Mrs. Able immediately left the house, and proceeded with all dispatch to the house of Gen. John Abel, which was but a short distance off, and on relating to him the story of Hellman and the condition of his sister, he iraraediately pronounced her to hava been murdered by her husband. Charging her as well as his own wife and family, not to go to the house again, until some of the neighbors had entered, he proceeded to make the fact known, and in ashort time alarge number had assembled. In answeir to their inquiries Hellman told the same story, .and with faint voice and apparent anguish, pointed to the bloody and apparently mutilated condition of his head, still lying prostrate in his own bed. The condition of the house also bore evidence of having been ransacked by robbers, every thing having been emptied out of the drawers and chests and thrown in confusion on the floor. His story being credited by the neighbors, he was asked where he had left his money, and on looking at the designated place it was found to be gone. A small amount of money, $16 60, belonging to Henry, which had been deposited in the heft of his chest, had also been abstracted. The reader can doubtless imagine the scene, and the commiseration of the neighbors for the unfortunate victims of the midnight assassin. At this moment Gen. Abel entered, and shortly afffer him a cor oner and a physician. Twelve men were immediately selected as a jury of inquest to examine into the cause of the death of Mrs. Hellman. The jury being sworn, and having entered on their du ty, Gen. Abel' openly charged Andrew Hellman with being her murderer. The jury were struck with astonishment as they looked at Hellman, lying prostrate in his bed, and demanded of the ac cuser whlit evidence he had to substantiate such a charge. The afflicted brother in reply stated that he unfortunately had no evi dence, but desired that the physician in attendance would exam ine Hellman's wounds. The examination was accordingly made, 88 CHAMPAIGN AND and the result was that not a scratch, a cut, or a bruise eould be found on any part of his person. Not only morally but practically was it thus established, beyond the shadow of a doubt, that " her blood was on his head." He had evidently taken up a quantity of her blood and thrown it on his head and shoulders, in order to give credence to his story, which act alone served as a positive evidence of his guilt. On a search being made of the premises, his axe was found, leaning against the bar post, about fifty yards from the house, reeking with blood, and hair sufficient sticking to it to identify it as that of the deceased — his knife, covered with blood , was found concealed on the hearth of the chiraney — his tailor socks were found in the cellar, covered with blood — and the shirt he had on, as well ss his arra, was saturated with blood up to th«^ elbow. There was, therefore, nothing wanting to identify him, fully and conclusively, as the murderer, and he was forthwith com mitted for trial ; and the remains of his victim, having laid two days exposed before discovery, were, on the evening of the same day followed to the grave by a large concourse of friends and rela tives, and deposited by the side of her two children, whom she had sorrowed over but five months previous. Frora the condition of the body, as well as other raarks in the roora, there reraained no doubt that the raurder had been com mitted in the most cold-blooded, premeditated and malicious man ner. The body was lying on the floor, but from the fact that a large quantity of blood was found in the center of tho bed, it is supposed she was lying asleep at the time of the attack, wholly un conscious of any impending evil. The stains on the pillow indica ted that shg had partially risen up after the first blow, and had been again knocked back on the bed. The soles of her feet were saturated in blood, which led to the belief that she had managed to get out of bed, and had stood erect in her own blood on the fioor before she was finally despatched. Six distinct cuts, apparently infiicted with the handle of an axe, were discovered on her head. The hands and arms were dreadfully bruised, as if she had in the same manner as his second victim, endeavored thus . to ward off the blows aimed at her head, whilst the little finger of tho left hand, and the fore-finger of the right hand were both broken. A large gash, laying open the flesh to' the bone, was visible on the right thigh, apparently inflicted with an axe, and a«ross the whole length of the abdomen tht re extended a heavy bruise, in the shap» LOGAN COUNTIES. 89 ofthe letter X, in the center of which was a large mark of bruised blood, at least six inches square. An attempt had been raade with the axe to sever the head from the body, and three separate gashes passing nearly through the neck, the edge of the blade entering the floor, appeared to have been the finishing stroke of the bloody deed. The fact of his having hewn up and dissected the body of Ma linda Horn, can no longer therefore be considered a matter of wonder. It was only tbe second acl of the bloody drama, and well did he understand his part. The raan who had passed, without being conscience-stricken, through such a scene of blood as we have just described, was doubtless capable for any eraergency, and he probably disposed of his second subject with the same ease of mind that a butcher would quarter a calf. After he had been sorae tirae in prison he confessed he had hid den his raoney hiraself, and that it was in a tin cup behind two bricks on the breast of the chimney. A search was there made, and money to the araount of $176 24 in gold, silver, and bank notes was found, with proraissory notes to the araount of $838, ma king in all $1014 24. There were also in the cup two certificates for sections of land in Mercer county, Ohio. The money belonging to his son Henry, which had been taken out of the chest, was found stuck into a crack on the jamb of the chimney. His acknowledge ment of the concealment ofthe money wasof course looked ou as a full confession of guilt. He of course obtained possession of it, and it is thought found some means of transmitting it to a friend in Baltimore, from whose hands he afterwards again obtained pos session of it. His farra in Starke county, having three dwellings on it and considered to be a very valuable piece of property, he deeded to his son Henry during his confineraent, which is in fact the only worthy act with regard to the man that has yet come under our notice. A few months after his arrest a true bill was found against him by the Grand Jury of Starke county, and lie was brought out for arraignment before the Court of Comraon Pleas, and there lua-io known his determination, as he had right to do, to be tried before the Supreme Court. At length tbe term of the Supreme Court commenced, and two days before the close of its session, his case was called up for trial. Having secured eminent counsel, they urged on the cotirt that the case would occupy more time than that 90 CHAMPAIGN AND allowed for the close of the term, and finally succeeded in having it postponed to the next term, which, meeting but once a year, caused a corresponding delay in the trial. He was accordingly remanded back to the jail in Bellefontaine, Logan county, Ohio, which was a large log building, from whence on the 13th of November, 1840, after being confined nearly four teen months, he made his escape. It had been the custom to keep him confined in the cells only during the night in cold weather, allowing him to occupy an upper room during the day, depending almost entirely for his security on the heavy iron hobbles that were kept attached to his legs. The means whereby he escaped have been the subject of much controversy, and several persons have been implicated as accomplices, either before or after the fact. Since his arrest he has positively denied having any assist ance, and states that, having got the hobble off of one foot, he started off in that condition, carrying them in his hand. On the night of his escape he had been left up stairs later than usual, aAd there being no fastenings of any consequence on the door, he walked off. He was immediately pursued and tracked to the house of a man named Conrad Harpole, neat East Liberty, in Logan county, in the neighborhood of which, a horse, belonging to oneof his attorneys, was found running loose, and it was ascertained that he had there purchased a horse, saddle and bridle, and pursued his journey. He was then traced to Carrollton in Carroll county, where he had formerly lived, passing through in open day. He was here spoken to by an old acquaintance, but made no reply. Some of his pursuers actually arrived in Baltimore before he did, and although the most dilligent search was made for him, assisted by High-Constable Mitchell, no further trace could be found of him. They, however, were under the opinion that he \yas concealed iu the city, and finally gave up all hope of detecting him. The next thing that was heard of him was in York, Pennsylvania, where on the 28th ofSeptember, 1841, about ten raonths after his escape, h« appeared before .lohn A, Wilson, Esq., a Justice of the Peace, and executed a deed for 640 acres of land in Mercer county, in favor of Charles Anthony, Esq., one of his attorneys. We have heard it positively stated, though we cannot vouch for its correctness, that in the fall of 1841, which is about the time the deed just mentioned was executed at York, he was a resident of Baltimore, and kept a small tailor shop on Pennsylvania Avenue, LOGAN COUNTIES. 91 near Hamburg Street, where he vvas burned out. If so, he then .passed by another name, and had not yet assumed the name of Adara Horn. He raade his appearance in Baltimore county in the neighborhood of the scene of the la.st ipurder early in the year 1842, and comraenced boarding at the house of Wm. Pojst, in the month of May. On the ensuing 17th day of August, 1842, he was raarried to Malinda Hinkle. The horrible particulars of his second wife's raurder, we present our readers in the succinct and satisfactory account of it that we glean from the evidence produced upon the trial. Horn was ar raigned before the Baltimore county Court, and the case came up before Judges Magruder and Purviance, on the 20th of November, 1843. The awful barbarity of the man's crime, and the hardened indifference he exhibited in regard to it, created a thrilling excite ment in the public mind, and at an early hour a crowd had assem bled on the pavement east of the Court-house, in the area above, and all along the lane. Shortly before the hour, the van drove up below, and was instantly surrounded with an eager throng, anx ious to catch a glimpse of the prisoner. The prisoner was taken out, and, after a considerable struggle with the crowd, brought into the court room. In five minutes thereafter, the whole space allotted to spectators was crammed to every corner. Two days were occupied in empanelling a jury, which finally consisted ofthe following gentlemen, citizens of Baltimore county, exclusive ofthe city: John B. H. Fulton, Foreraan ; Alexander J. Kennard, Stephen Tracy, Melcher Fowble, Hanson Rutter, Wm. Butler, Benjamin Wheeler, senior, Abraham Elliot, Samuel Price, Henry Leaf, Samuel S. Palmer, James Wolfington. J. N. Steele, Esq., Prosecuting Attorney for Baltimore county Court, opened the (jftse in a lucid and effective manner. He spok« to the following purport : " I .shall in the prosecution of this case expect to show to you, that the prisoner, in the early part of the year 1842, came to reside in Baltimore county, under the name of Adam Horn ; but that his real name is Andrew Hellman ; that a short time thereafter in the course of the ensuing summer, he settled in the country, purchased some land, bought a store, and worked at his trade as a tailor ; he became acquainted with the deceased, and in August, 1842, mar ried her; that some time thereafter their domestic life was dis turbed by frequent bickerings and angry dissensions ; that Horn 92 CHAMPAIGN AND was dissatisfied, saying to his neighbors that she was too young for him, that .she loved other raen better than himself. I shall show you that this prisoner is a raan of deep-seated malignancy of char acter, of passionate and violent temper ; and though we know some facts in relation to their habits of life, we know not what private feuds and what severity of treatment the deceased may have been too often exposed to, I shall show you that upon one occasion she had gone to church, contrary to his desire, and that upon her return, he threw her clothes out of the window, and put her violently out of the house, in consequence of which conduct she reraained absent several d-ays. I shall show to you that some time before that event he had looked upon her and spoken of her, evidently to find some cause to be rid of her ; and after she was gone, he applied to her the most opprobrious epithets, peculiarly degrading to the character of a woraan and of a wife, and openly threatened that if she returned to his house he would shoot her. Nor was this a teraporary feeling raging in his heart at one time more violently than at another ; not an outbreak of temper for the raoment, but as I shall be able to show you, a malignant, deep- settled and insatiate hatred. Thus they continued to live together until the 22d of March last ; on the evening of that day, she was seen the last time alive — that evening at sunset, and these two thus unhappily paired, dwelt in the solitude of this house alone; not another human soul lived within those walls; these two alone on that night were in sole companionship, moved by feelings which the event can alone explain. " There was deep snow on the ground that night ; there was also a treraendous tempest; it was the worst night remembered during the winter ; the wind ble vv a hurricane, and the snow was banked up in the roads, and at every eminenc^which offered re sistance to the wind, in a manner which rendered it almost im possible to move; and on that night he was in the house with his deceased wife ; the next morning he was seen to go up the road ; he passed the house of Mr. Poist, his nearest neighbor, with whom he had been intimate since he first went into the county, but said nothing to him about the absence of his wife; but went on to the house of a German acquaintance ( who has since coraraitted sui cide ), and said to him, as I expect lo show^the counsel for the defence admitting his testimony as given at the jail— that his wifte had left him two hours before day ; that they had had no quarrel, LOGAN COUNTIES. 93 yet she had gone out on such a night, in the condition she was in ; he told this German that she had taken $50 in money from a cor ner of the store in which shp had seen him count it; but I shall show you, gentleraen of the jury, that he told another person that she took the money from a trunk up stairs ; and still another per son *hat she took it from a chest in the back roora, thus stamping the fabrication with its true character of falsehood. The snow that had fallen reraained upon the ground sorae ten days, at the expiration of which period, I shall show j'ou that Horn went to the house of Mrs. Gittinger, and requested her to engage for him a hbusekeeper ; that raatters continued thus until Sunday, the 16th of April, when Catharine Hinkle, a sister of the de ceased, hearing of the absence of Mrs. Horn, went to the house of the prisoner ; that although they had previously to that time been on the most friendly terms, Horn, without refusing to speak to her, spoke with manifest reluctance, seemed confused, colored in conversation, and otherwise betrayed uneasiness and guilt; that on being first questioned by Catharine, he said his wife had left the house, on the evening referred to, about bed-time; but afterwards, oefore she went away, apparently recollecting the ¦contradiction that would exist, he told her that Malinda had gone away about two hours before day. I shall then show you, gentle men, that Catharine went off with the determination to see Just ice Bushey, satisfied that there wae something wrong, but first called at the house of Mrs. Gittinger, who was, however, absent ; Mrs. Gittinger's little daughter only was there, and to her Catha rine imparted her suspicions, said she was going to Justice Bush ey 's, and would have Horn's house searched forthwith. On that day the little girl stated this conversation to her mother; and, gentlemen, I shall show you that at that time, Horn himself was at Gittinger's, in an adjoining room, with some neighbors- who had come to visit a sick person ; that the statement of the little girl to her mother was distinctly overheard in that room, and im mediately thereafter Horn got up from his chair and left the house, I shall show you that at that time he had on his usual Sunday dress, and that he was seen soon afterwards, in the evening, in his ordinary working clothes, although there was no apparent cause for the ciiange. On the following day, Monday, he fied — and with so much precipitancy of flight, that he had left his store, con" tainiagf400 or $600 -worth of goods, without a single person to take 94 CHAMPAIGN AND care of it; and deserted his farm, and indeed so precipitatelj ab sconded that the doors of the house had been left unfastened, and his shoes left out upon the floor, he was next seen in the ofiice of the Clerk of Baltimore County Court, on Monday, where he got out a deed of his property, and next heard of in Philadelphia, where, according to his own statement, he arrived on the follow ing (Tuesday) morning. Thus, on the .slightest intimation that active measures would be taken to discover the whereabout of the decea.sed, overheard in the conversation of the child with her mother, we find this man — a man of thrift, and careful in his business— a man of even miserly habits, tnus hurrying away from his home, leaving all his property exposed. I shall further show to you, gentlemen, that when the prisoner was arrested in Phila delphia, he admitted that he was from Baltimore county, and that his name was Horn ; that when passing along the street, in cus tody of the officer, he was asked his trade, and he replied ' a shoe maker,' his real business being that of a tailor ; he was .seen to throw something away soon afterwards, which was picked up by another officer, and proved to be a tailor's thimbl^ the latter say ing : ' Did you see hira throw this thirable away ? ' the prisoner offering no denial ; at the officer's house to which he was first taken, he threw away a pair of scissors ; he also assured the offi- cei-s he had no deed, but when further search was proposed, he either produced, or there were found upon hira, two deeds, one conveying the property from another party to hiraself, and the other drawn in Philadelphia, conveying it froth himself to John Storech, the German who has since committed suicide. "I shall further .show you, gentlemen, that by what may be regarded as reraarkable interposition of Providence, on the morn ing following the Sunday on which he had fled, some young men, whiliH shooting in the neighborhood, came on Horn's place, and' crossing a small gutter or gully in the orchard, their attention was- attracted by a hole newly dug m it, and close by a circul¦.^r place,, a little sunk, into which they thrust a Stick, and soon found it re sisted by a substance of a nature which cause 1 it to rebound ; that without further exaraination these young men went to a person naraed Poist, whom they informed that they had discovered some thing .strange in the gulley, and they thought it was probably Malinda Horn. Aceoilipanied by Poist, they returned to the spot, dug up the earth, and there found the body— no gentlemen, not LOGAN COUNTIES. 95 •the body— but the headless, limbless, mutilated trunk, sewed up in a coffee-bag. "In this remote place, they also found a spade near by, standing against a tree, which a witness identified by a particular raark as belonging to the prisoner. (M the coffee-bag was seen the name of Adara Horn, and it will be identified by Mr. Caughy, a mer chant of this city, as one in which he sold a quantity of coffee to Horn, nine or ten raonths before. In this connection we shall prove to have been found Horn's spade, and Horn's coffee-bag, but it does not stoji here ; they went to the house to pursue their in- vestigati(ms, and there in a back roora upstairs, they found another bag containing the legs and arms of a human being, corresponding with the trunk ; thus in the very house occupied by the prisoner and his wife, were found these mangled remains; contained too, in a bag soiled with a quantity of mud, exactly resembling that in the hole ofthe gully frora which they are supposed to have been taken ; mud upon the several limbs also correspimding with it; the clothes of the prisoner also found scattered about the house, .soiled in the same way, and his shoes even when found, wet and moist, and rauddy, in every particular indicating the recent visit of the wearer to that place ; still further, by way of tracing him to the very grave of these mutilated remains, his footprint, exactly corresponding with the shoe, is discovered by the sully. But, un fortunately for the prisoner, we do not stop here ; I shall produce evidence to convince you beyond all doubt that this body and thG.se limbs so discovered were the body and limbs of Malinda Horn. I shall show you that there was no other woman missing from that place and neighborhood, and I need not ,say to you that a woman is not like a piece of furniture that can be de.stroyed with out the knowledge of per.sons out of the household. I shall prove to you, gentlemen, that the body and limbs were tbe size of those of the deceased; that they were large, she being .. iii'^-- woman; that Malinda Horn at the time of her disappearance \v is known to be pregnant; that the body discovered proved to be in this state ; that a small portion of the hair sticking to the back of the neck was of the color ofthe hair of the deceased ; that a peculiarity in the form ofthe deceasedwas the width of her breasts apart ; that the same peculiarity was perceptible in the body that has been found ; that the deceased was seen daily in household duties by her acquaintances, barefoot, and I shall produce testimony to prove 96 CHAMPAIGN AND positively that the feet found in the prisoner's house are the feet of Malinda Horn ; a peculiarity in the thumb of one hand, which had been bent by a felon, also affords positive proof by which the dis membered arms have been identified as those of Malinda Horn. From this evidence, I say there can be no question of the identity of the body. Yet is there another fact, a startling, a marvelous one ; I rio not know that I sha'/ h:- .-e occasion to re,sort to it, but I shall mention it now; should 1, however, find it necessary to in troduce it, what I now say you will be at liberty to discard. I am not familiar, gentlemen, with the wonder-working powers of na ture as exhibited in the human forra, but in what I am about to a.s,sert it would seem that Provid.ence has indeed followed this ter rible murder with evidence from the unborn. I have alluded to the state in which the unfortunate woman deceased, and 1 ouglit niiW to ailii that a post morteoi exaioiuntion \\-as conducted some time thereafter by a distinguished surgeon of this city ; tliat in the course ofthe operation the womb was removed, and prrt-.erved by that gentleman, and remarkable as it may s'eem, I learn that the infant, yet four raonths wanting of the hour of parturition, ii in- dccil, in every feature, a/ae simile o.' Adara Horn! "In addition to what 1 have stated, and the awful picture pre sented to your view, we ha-ve a striking fact to be considered ; the mangled trunk has been found with every lirab rudely torn frora its place ; the limbs have been found, legs and arms, huddled to gether in horrible confusion, but the head has never to this hour been discovered ; there can be no doubt that it has been concealed or destroy-xl to prevent its identification, and its very absence is proof that it was the head of Malinda Horn. I shall further show to you, gentlemen, thatthe body discovered, proved to be that of a person suddenly deceased, in high and perfect health ; and I shall show in connection with this fact, that the dece-ased, when last .seen, vvas in that state— perfectly well. I shall be able to show to yoii, that great violence had Oeen committed on this her man- gleii body; that a large bruise was found extending its effects deep into the muscles on the breast and shoulder ; that there was an other of four or five inches diameter upon her back, as if.inflicted by some large instrument, and by a most violent blow; and fur ther, that one hand and wrist exhiliits almost a continuous bruise, as if mashed in apparently fruitless efforts to prevent the dreadful injuries which followed. LOGAN COUNTIES. 97 " Still further raust I proceed with the disgusting, revolting spectacle ; and show ycu that in the perpetration of the raurder, the after circumstances were only part of the original plan ; to sever tbe limbs, to cut off the head, and to salt dovvn the trunk and limbs, was all necessary to be done, because he could not dis pose of them by burial ; the snow was on the ground, and to do so would expose h.im to certain detection ; and I shall show you that on the fioor of an up stairs back room, there is a stain occupying a space about the size of a human body with extended legs; this stain is moist, and at certain times presents on the surface a white incrustation, as having been produced by a quantity of salt ; the murder is believed to have been committed on the 22d of March, aud the body was found on the 17th of April, and when found, though it had been buried in a damp hole in the ground, in mois ture and mud, yet it was in a state of preservation evidently from the effects of the salt; it was again buried, and when exhumed three or four weeks after for the post inortera examination, it was still found but slightly decoraposed. I must call your attention to the time at which the body could have been disposed of by burial, after the disappearance of the snow, as agreeing with that when the prisoner called on Mrs. Gittinger to provide him a house keeper until the mangled remains were gone." EVIDENCE OF WITNl'^SSES. Wm. Poist, sworn. — Knows the prisoner at the bar very well; known him since May 1842; came to witness's house to board; boarded with him 'till the raiddle of August, and then got mar ried ; witness was his groomsman ; two weeks afterwar Is they went to house-keeping ; took a house about three hundred yards from witness's house ; it is situated about twenty-two miles from Baltimore, on the Hanover and Reisterstown road ; Horn's house is this side of witness's house ; Gittinger's house is about one hundred and fifty yards this side of Horn's ; Storech's house is about three hundred yards beyond that of witness ; the " gate house" is between witness's house and Storech's; when Horn went to housekeeping, he kept a store and worked at his trade as a tailor ; recollected the time when Malinda Horn disappeared.; on morning of 23d saw Horn go by his house ; said to a wagoner in there that he wondered where Horn was going so early ; he said he supposed he vvas going to church ; witness said no, that was not 98 CHAMPAIGN AND the way he went to church ; he was not a Catholic, but pretended to be a Lutheran ; soon after, Frank Gittinger came in and said, "Horn's wife was gone again last night ;" witness said, last night was too bad a night for any one to go out ; it was a very stormy, ugly night ; there had been a heavy snow on the ground about ten days. On good Friday the people had been talking a good deal about the matter, and I went dovvn the road to the fence between Horn's place and mine, and saw a spade standing against a tree ; thought "My God, what has he been doing with this spade'?" could not see any peach trees that had been planted ; walked round the spade, at a few feet distance ; recognized it as one that he had seen at Horn's house; it had a paper on as the outside one of a bundle; it was about four or five .steps from the place where the body was found ; is positive that it vfas the same spade that he had seen before at Horn's house. On Easter Monday about 9 o'clock, saw Jacob Myers, Henry Fringer, .John Storech, and Isaac Stan.sbury, go by his house with guns, down the road ; between 10 and 11 o'clock, while witness was up iu his field, the raen came back again ; asked them what game; they .said, "Oh, we found plenty of game down there," and allowed they thought they had found Horn's wife ; agreed to go along, and went around to avoid Horn's house, so that he should not see them ; went down to the place, and pushed a stick down and found that it rose up again when pressed; witness then threw the dirt away with a spade, and found a coffee-bag, which he pro posed to slit open; there vvas something in it; sorae of them thought perhaps it was a hog buried there, and did not want to open the bag for fear they would be laughed at ; witness cut the bag a little, and saw the breast of a woman ; they then concluded to go to Horn's house first ; went up to Horn's house and knocked, but nobiMiy answered ; Nase said the back door was open ; pushed it with a stick ; waited tdl more people carae; none would go in until witness went ; wejit into the entry and then the store, and found all right ; went into a sleeping room back and found a bed which looked as if it had been tumbled ; finally one of the party went to the back room up stairs, and there saw the arras and legs sticking nut of a bag; he callerl to witness, who vvas on the stairs, to see thera ; all went up and looked at thera ; then went down to the place where thf body w;.s, and lifted it out ; witness then cut LOGAN COUNTIES. 99 it open, and there was the trunk of the body, without head, arms, fflr legs ; exarained it and found raarks of violence on the breast and the shoulder ; turned the body over and found another wound on the buck; then went and brought down the legs and arms, and found they corresponded with the body ; then sent for some wo men, and Mrs. Gittinger came; asked her if she knew IMrs. Horn wasertctewfe/ she said she was ; thought that body was in the same condition ; the mud of the gully vvas a kind of slimy mud, not exactly yellow, not black ; that upon the limbs was ofthe .same kind ; the hole frora which they supposed the lirabs were taken seemed to have been quite fresh opened ; as if opened the night before; the .same kind of mud vvas upon the clothes ; the field was a clover-field and orchard ; the soil upon the surface in the field and surrounding country is of a different kind and color from the gully mud. In the house found Horn's clothing and shoes — same kind of mud on thera ; the shoes were moist and muddy ; found part in back roora, part in front; shoes under tho Counter ; a bucket of water, discolored with the sarae sort of mud, was found in the en try ; a basin of the .same rauddy water, as if hands had been washed in it, was found in the store; [the bags and clothes spoken of pro duced ; that in which the lirabs were found is marked " A. Horn," with certain private raarks ; the waistcoat exhibited, marked with mud ;] witness saw Horn wearing it on the Sunday night before he left ; [a piece of striped linsey produced, found between the bed and sacking, worn by Mrs. Horn as an apron, considerably stained with blood;] witne.ss found the piece of linsey himself; saw nothing of Horn on the Monday ; through his house and ground ; he was not there; knew Malinda Horn ; the body found was about the size of that of deceased, as near as witness could judge; searched for the heal all about; tore up a fenee, thinking it might be in the post holes ; dug all about the garden and other places ; the hand was marked with a heavy bruise, as if it had de fended a blow off; knows of no other woman having disappeared from the neighborhood about that time ; found dried apples and peaches up stairs in back room of the front building ; several bush els ;therp was a pile of plaster in the back room up stairs, where the limbs were found ; they were close to the pile ; there was a mark on the floor, as if the body had been laid down there ; sup posed it had been cut up there ; this roora was at the head of the back stairs ; this stain was about the size of a huraan being, and a 100 CHAMPAIGN AND body cut up and salted there would likely have made such a stain; it was a greasy sort ol a raark, such as a pickle or brine always makes. The condition of the goods in the store was in the usual form after Horn had fled; abuut$400 or $500 worth of goods were there; the en try door and the door that leads into the store were open; there was no one left in charge of the house and store; the house is imme diately on the turnpike ; the body was in a good state of preserva tion ; looked as if it had been salted ; there was no blood visible ; one ofthe thighs appeared as if a pe ice of .steak had beea cut off of it; witness had a cofiin made, sent for her sister and a preacher, and had the body buried in the burial ground on the next day, the 18th of April ; the body vvas again taken up about ten or twelve days* after, for a post mortem examination ; when it was dug up it smelt a little but very little, and was in a good state of preservation ; the orchard in which the spade was found was not used for any agri cultural purpose ; Horn had been at work building fense alongthe turnpike, about two-hundred yards distance ; witness thinks for the purpose of preventing easy ingress to the spot where the body was buried ; the nature of the soil where he was digging for the fence would not have raade the same stain on the clothing found, as that which was on it. When he saw him at the jail in Philadel phia, he reached his hand towards him, and said to bin, "My God, Mr. Horn, must I meet you here! we have found the legs and arms of Mrs. Horn at the head of the stairs, and the body you, I suppose, know where ; and you Ought to pray to God to forgive you of your sins ;"that the prisoner looked at hira but did not say a word, nor did he shed a tear, but seemed to be endeavouring to smother his feelings. Cross-examined by Mr. Mayer.— Horn passfjd my door before sunrise in the morning ; did not say he had gone up to Storech's; soon after that Mr. Gittinger came ani told witness that Horn's wife had left him on the previous evening ; and he replied it was -d bad night for any one to leave home ; it was on the 23d day of March that he told witness his wife was missing, and it was about the 17th day of April that the body was found: saw the spade at the tree on Good Friday ; Horn went away on Easter Sunday, and there had been considerable talk in the neighborhood as to his wife being missing ; when I saw the spade I wondered if he had been planting trees; I looked whether he had, and I found that he LO(JAN COUNTIES. 101 w-- had not; Horn was attending to his business quietly and composedly all this tirae ; Horn carae on Good^^Friday evening to his house, and offered to pay hira $10 out of the $50 he o-vved hira ; he replied that that would do him no good, as he wanted it all to pay his -rent ; did not examine bis house very closely for stains of blood, but was looking about for the reraainder ofthe body ; I saw a large stain upon the floor up stairs some time after ; some of the neigh bours called my attention to it ; I came to the conclusion that it was salt, and that the body had laid there and .salt thrown on it on account of the weather being too bad to dispose of it at the tirae it was killed : the stain on the floor was in the form of a body ; the stain is still there ; smelt it, and it smelt like brine; it was dry, I could smell it ; there was no fancy about it, as I do not snuff; I took for granted that the body had not been buried ; when I saw him in Philadelphia I asked hira if hecould pay me what he owed me ; I asked him in the presence of tne jailor ; I was ordered to Philadelphia by Squire Bushey to identify the prisoner ; the mark on the spade by which I knew it, was a label pasted on the handle; all spades have not that mark ; it was a mark such as is put on by the maker, a label. (yross-e.vamined by Mr. Buc/ianan. — I flrst becarae acquainted with the prisoner in the month of May, 1842, when he carae to ray house to board ; he had been living in tbe neighborhood before, but I did not know hira ; he lived with rae until the 16th or 17th of August, when he got raarried to Malinda, and he and his wife stayed with me until the end of August, when they went to live at the house where his store was; Mrs. Horn was missed on the night of the 22d of March, and on the morning of the 23d, the prisoner passed my house before sunrise ; I did not see where he went; on the same day about half an hour afterwards I learned that his wife was missing ; did not go to his house or see him that day ; but saw hira the next raorning, the 24th ; saw him on the porch at the house ; I did not sjieak to hira after his wife was mis sing until the 3d of April. [A question was here put to the witness by Mr. Buchanan, as to the conversation of the prisoner, which was objected to by Mr. Steele ; but as the objection was afterwards waived by the prose- «ution, it is nnnecessary to detail it. The cross-examination was accordingly resumed.] W<' met together as stated, for the flrst time after she was miss- 102 CHAMPAIGN AND ing, on the 3d of April, in his store ; after I'had taken my seat I asked him for the fifty dollars he owed me ; he told rae that hi« wife had runoff and taken fifty dollars with her, and consequently he could not pay me ; I then asked him about his wife leaving him, and he told rae that she got up in the night whilst he was asleep, alongside of her, and when she went out of the door he woke up and went to look after her, but not seeing her, he went to bed again. I then told him that there vvas sorae rumor or suspicion afloat among the neighbors, to the effect that he had killed or raade away with his wife. The prisoner, clapping his hands on his knees, replied, "My God, you don't say so! How could the people think so?" I then told hira if he could prove there vvas no foundation in the ruraor, that he mightstill consider me his friend ; if not, I was done with him. I then proposed that he should sub mit the house to be searched, in order to satisfy rae as well as the neighbors, to which he expressed himself willing. He then said to rae, "Ah, JNIr. Poist, you know much;" to which I replied, "Why, you do not suppose I have had anything to do with, or know anything about your wife?" He replied, "No ; but another raan is the cause of all this." I then advised hira to stop the stage driver, and question him as to whether he had seen her, shortly after which I went horae. I had not been horae long when the stage came past, and I saw him stop the stage and speak to the driver. I then returned to his house and asked him whether the driver had seen her, and he said that he had not. I did not search the house, however, until the body was found. Storech, who has since killed himself, was one of the four who were out gunning, and first discovered the body. He went with thera to the spot where they thought the body was, aud one of them pointed out the print of a shoe to hira in the clay, but is certain it was not Storech; it was Storech, however, who said that the print of the shoe was that of Horn's, as he knew the shoe and had made it ; I then took the spade and threw up some of the dirt, when I discov ered a bag, and thinking that some one had buried a sheep there, and that we would be laughed at, I took my knife and cut it open, and the breast of a female was visible. (Witness then proceeded again to detail his examination of the premises around Horn's house, and his gathering the people together.) On going into the house I found a stain on the stairway, which I thought was stained by apples, but the othei-s thought it was blood ; did not say that LOGAN C()UNTI1«. Km the large stain on the floor in the form of a body was not blood ; I said nothing about it at the time; I did not corae to the conclu sion that the large stain -.vas blood; the apron was found in the house about ten days after she had been found; does not know that that part of the house where the apron was found had been searched before ; found the apron in the front building between the bed and the .sacking-bottom ; nobody went into the hou.se with me; did not see any mark that he was certain was blood until the apron was found ; had never seen the body naked until they had joined the limbs to it on a plank ; would not know your body or my own if I saw it cut or raangled in that way ; could not recog nize the body ; has no certain jt)e;',wtt«(' knowledge what became of Malinda Horn ; she had left her husband once and went up in the neighborhood of Littlestown ; she was gone sorae six weeks ; she had left some of her clothes up there and had wanted to go again after thera ; that Horn was at my house and saw the stage at his door, and he ran out and stopped it and took hi-^ wife out, and made her go home ; she never went away again until she went finally. In Chief. — 1 propo.sed to the prisoner that he siiould allow tho house to be searched, and he consented ; the snow was then off the ground ; he did not propose to have a search, but said they might search if they carae ; the spots on the stairs he thought ¦were not blood ; that after the floor had been scrubbed the blood was visible on the large stairs ; when the deceased left the house of Horn the first tirae thinks he said nothing to him about it, though he might. Henry Bushey, Esq., was called upon to come to Horn's house on the 17th of April, by Mr. Poisi's son, who told him that they had found the body ; that he went up with two or three neigh bors, and went immediately to the lot and saw the trunk of tho body ; that the boy came to hira frora the house and told him to come up, that they had found the rest of the body ; that he went, and Mr. Poist showed him the bag, and he directed him to cut it open, and the legs and arms were found in it ; that he then sum moned a jury, and brought the body to the house, and after plac ing it on a board, joined the arms and legs to it, and they seeraed to correspond; thinks that it was the body of Malinda Horn from the size of it ; thought the lady was pregnant ; saw blood in the-house on the next day, on the steps, or at least 104 CHAMPAIGN AND he thought it was blood ; saw the clothes and the mud upon them, and the raud on the body and bag correspond in color, as it also did with the mud in the gully ; the dirt about the hole .seemed to have been recently turned up ; the hole would have contained the bag with the arms ; a search was then made for the head ; even the ashes in the fire-place were searched for bones, but none were found ; on one of the bags the name of A. Horn was written very legibly ; the body was found, he thinks aboutthree hundred yards from the house; the goods were in the store, but no one in charge of them; a waistcoat, asUrt, a roundabout and shoes -were found -with the raud upon them ; they were in different sections of the house ; a bucket and a pan with water in thera were found in the store, discolored the s-ame as the e;irth where the body was found would have discolored it, as if something had been rinsed in them ; (the witness here identified the two bags in -vvhich the parts of the body had been found, as well as the clothes ;) the hands were bruised a? well as the shoulders and back ; he did not discover any other raarks on it. Benj. Caughy, sworn. — [Bag produced in which the lirabs were found.] Has seen that bag before ; saw it last on the last day of May, 1842 ; sold it to Horn ; the marks on the bag I put-on ; "A. Horn," "155," for so raany pounds, and "11" for so raany cents perpound; they are to the best of my opinion my marks; they correspond with the book and ray hand- wilting. Mrs. Gittinger, sworn. — Knew Malinda Horn frora August, 1842, till the 23d of March, 1843, the time of her disappearance ; had seen her barefooted every day, from the time she came into the neighborhood until it was cold weather ; my hou.se is about a hun dred yards from Horn's ; Mrs. Horn was, -^t the time of her death, "in the family way;" she expected to be confined about the last of August ; saw the body that was found ; it was in a pregnant state ; the feet of Malinda were very peculiar ; they tapered off very much in consequence of the great length ofthe big toe; there was a little knot or lump by the joint of the little toe ; frora these peculiarities I know the feet were those of Malinda Horn; she one time went away and left her husband six weeks ; at that time she carae to my house and said she was going away; I said, "My, la! Malinda, what a;re you going away for? — you've got everything comfortable around you, and a good home ; what is the reason you can't stay?" "Oh," she .said, "you don't know how it is; if I LOGAN COUNTIES. I OS donH go he'll kill me !" Witness said, "How would he look, kill ing you?" Malinda said,' "If he don't kill me, he'll break my heart." "Well, then," I said, "you may as well go." Before she left horae that time, some four days, she had been to see a sick old man ; on going horae she stayed a minute or two, and then came to my house and told her sister that Horn had turned her out ; could see from my house her clothes thrown out of the window ; Horn afterwards said to witness that his wife vvas good for nothing, and that was the reason she went. Cross-examined by Mr. Mayer. — The time when Mrs. Horn first went away was a few days before Christmas, 1842; she came bads. after being away six weeks ; came to my house, and I went with her to Horn's, and said, "Here Horn, I've brought your old wo raan back ;" he never looked up, and as they didn't .seem to say anything, I was going away ; she asked rae not to go ; she went up to the counter and bought kisses and pins ; Storech vvas there, and said it was a shame she should pay for the thing-s ; she was then going away with me, when Horn said, "Where are you going to?" Malinda said, "I ara going where I have been ;" Horn told her tu corae back ; she said, "I shan't;" I persuaded her Ni go back to the old raan, and she went. It was then about uiik, and .she stayed until 9 o'clock, and then came to ray house anhe wa.- hurled headlong and unprepared int<. eternity, by that hand that was pledued to protect her ; and now, after the laijse of several years, we find him again using his bloodstained hands to record all man ner of evil to her memory, and to traduce, vilify, and blacken her character, as one whose sad fate should be unlamented. The char acter of Malinda Horn has also been fully vindicated from his last malignant and cruel attack, by your faithful record of the evi dence adduced on the trial. From the raouths of a " host of wit nesses," we there have the most conclusive proof of the falsity of his charges, (>stablishin.g her charnter for virtue, fldelity, piety, submission, and kindness of heart, far above the efforts of his vin dictive arm to blacken it. The high character of his lei^-dl friends and advisers, to whom this confession was raade, at once clears them from any implica tion of joining in the palpable designs of the criminal, but that they did not advise him toa different course and thus save him from adding perjury to his other crimes, is a matter of general surprise. The old saying that " a drowning man will catch at a straw," is fully verified in this confession, and that s-^me cunning which led him to smear the blood of his flrst victim over his per son, in order to .substantiate his story, has undoubtedly led him to disregard both truth and honor in iiis aljortive effort to palliate his crimes, and excite the sv-tnpathy of the public in his favor. Whilst the tenor and spirit of the i-onfe--ion, as well as its early publication, fully sustains this construction as to the motive of the LOGAN COUNTIES. 113 criminal, the plain manner in which It is drawn up clearly shows that his intentions were not communicated to, or entertained by, his legal friends. The object of this communication is not to crush the fallen, or to strike a blow at the deten-^eless, but rather to protect from the foal tongue of slander and falsehood those who are mouldering in un timely graves. To shield the meraory of the dead is the duty of all who have it in their power, but it is doubly incumbent in a ca.se like the present, when the deceased are of that sex whose charac ter is de-arer to them than life, and Wfio wo,uld doubtless, whilst living, rather have submitted willingly to their unfortunate fates, than have surrendered their claims to virtue aud purity of life. Having, therefore, from undoubted sources, become acquainted with facts— stubborn and uneontrovertible facts— I feel called on to stand forth in theird -fense, and if,in sn ^ioing, falsehood is stamped on this confession, and its author be followed to the gallows with out one sympathizing heart in the tr.du, no raore than justice will be done to the memory of his help!e^s victims. With regard to the flrst pirt <>f tiie confession, as to his early life in Germany, nothing new is detailed — it is only a repetition of his own representations iu former days, as fully detailed by you in the Sun two weeks .since. 'Whether it be true or false, rests solely be tween him and his God, and the fearful reckoning will shortly be made. But his history, from the tiraeof his arrival in this country, in the detail of the murder of his two wives, of vvhich sufiicient had previously been known to render a confession unnecessary, I will prove hira guilty of so raany falsehoods, prevarications, and omissions to detail so manj important matters, that the rest of the confession, which cannot be tguched for want of information, must be considered equally void of truth. From the time of his birth, up to his marriage -vith Miss Mary Abel, he represents himself as possessed of every good quality of both head and heart; and he would then have us believe that he entered the marriatre contract as a lamb goes to the slaughter — that he was always disposed to do well, andshe to do evil — that he was industrious and she was lazy — that he was mild and kind in his disposition, and she was cross, stubborn and morose; in short, he W'>uld have us believ^e that she was a very. devil, and that he waa as kind as an angel. He does not, however, tell us h »w he slighted and neglected her immediately after marriage, which was the 114 CHAMPAIGN AND case ; he does not tell us that, when she beeame ewciente with her second child, and during the whole time of her pregnancy, when she was in that weakly condition which commands kindness from the vilest of creation, he continually taunted her with being un faithful to him, denied that the child she bore was his, and de nounced her in the strongest terms as a harlot. If, as he says, she ha 1 afterwards been unhappy, sullen, and morose, she had here cause enough, in all conscience, to make her so. But such was not the case. Her whole life was one of fear and trembling. So tyrannizing was his disposition, and bitter his temper, that, like his second victim, she was afraid to speak aloud in his presence; whilst those very children, whom he now calls his dear oflfepring, were kept in rags, one of them was totally disowned, and all of them strangers to kindness or love frora their father. The love he now professes for his "dear son Henry," the disowned, raust be a new-born passion, that has never before been vi.sible, and which will not now, at this late hour, I should think, be reciprocated. It is now the son's turn to di,sown the father, and raost thoroughly should he do it. Again, he does not tell us that on the birth of his third and last child, John Hellraan, when the poor heart-broken mother was lying, weak and emaciated from her sufferings, that he approached her bed, and with oaths and imprecations swore that " if she ever had another child he would kill her." From the day that this hor rid threat was made, the poor mother determined to use the only means in her power to prevent its consummation, and from that time to her death she had no more children. On the night of her murder Henry Hellman was ab.sent, they were alone together, for the flrst tirae, and the reader can imagine the scene as well as the cause which led to the bloody drama that ensued. Had he detailed these facts, it would have spoiled the amiable and inoffensive character which he had laid out for hiraself, and have shown h'ra to the world as he is, in his true character, grasp ing, miserly, tyrannical, unfeeling and fiendish in his teraper and passions, consequently they were entirely withheld. There is an evident desire to justify himself throughout the confession, to make it appear that he had suffered and forborne until "forbear ance ceased to be a virfue," and had then rid himself of the evil spirits which had rendered his life so miserable and unhappy. We can discover no rpmor.se, no sorrow or contrition for his LOGAN COUNTIES. 115 crimes, no prayer for forgivene,ss from an offended God, but it is all s§lf-justification, and a person on perusing it cannot but imag ine that the heart that dictated it raust have exclairaed to itself: "Well done ! I have served them right ? " Not the slightest in dication of regret appears, even when conteraplating the forfeit of his own life for his criraes, but he seeras, on the contrary, to think that this is nothing in comparison with the satisfaction received from their committal. His description of the murder of his first wife is glossed over in its details, and none of the real horrors of the scene are at all mentioned. He speaks of striking her but twice, and then cutting her throat, whereas the fact is, her body displayed fourteen dis tinct wounds, besides the bruises on her hands, and the forefinger of the right, and the little finger of the left hand being broken. According to the appearance ot the room and the body, the con test must have been a fierce and determined one. The large quan tity of blood in the bed clearly gives the lie to his assertion that she was awake and getting up vvhen he attacked her, whilst the sprinkling of the blood in all sections of the room, and the num ber of her wounds plainly indicates that she was not despatched so quickly as he has " confes.sed." To inflict so many wounds (irae raust have been required, and the suffering of his victira must have been intense. He then tells us that he bruised his head and back and went to bed, but he says nothing about smearing !ier blood over his head and person, to give credence to his story — and instead of giving the true cause which excited him to the com mittal of the murder, he has evidently fabricated another relative to his wife's charging him wilh being the father of his nephew, who, it will be reraerabered, even accorilinn- to his own story, had been then long absent from his roof. It being thu.s evident that he has disregarded truth, and omitted i)i)portant facts in relation to the flrst raurder, may it not be equally presuuK-d that the arraj' of "startling fact^," which, according to the preface, " illustrates the soundness of the injunction, that in the inltrinity of raan's judg ment such circumstantial testimony may shed a false light, and lead into fatal fallacies, and that therefore the raost anxious caution in receiving and weighing it should ever be used," are equally false and unfounded in the second. There are some things, how ever, in his detail of tbe cause and the raanner of the raurder of Malinda Horn, which we shall also be enabled to stamp with false- 116 tlHAMPAIGN AND hood, and therefore the remainder of the confession may be con sidered equally void of truth. But we are digressing. He then states t'j us that he was thrown in jail at Bellefontaine, and having filed the hobble off one leg, made his escape, carrying them in his hand ; but he does not say who assisted him in his escape- hy whora the hobble was taken off of Ihe other leg — who it w-.is that sold him the horse— who visited hira in his cell prior to his escape. These matters as he is aware, have been rauch discussed in Bellefontaine, and names have been handle I in the controversy, but he reraains wholly silent on the subject. If his confession were -Afull and a true one, this would not be the ca.se ; nothing would be withheld, and those wholly under the foul ira- putation, if innocent, would have been exonerated from the charge. But he tells us every thing which is known, and artfully conceals that which justice requires should be disclcsed. On the heads of those who thus shielded and protected him from the punishment due his first offence, rests a tearful respun.sibility, and they are equally guilty, in a moral point robable — most women would have done the .same. And she should be respected for it— for her bravery in defending her character an to die. In the autumn Johnny would make a diligent .search for all such animals, and, gathering them up, he would bargain for their food and shelter until the next spring, when he woidd lead thera away to sorae good pa.sture for the summer. If they re covered so as to be capable of working, he would never sell them,. but would lend or give them away, stipulating for their good usage.. His conception ofthe absolute sin of inflicting pain or death upon any creature was.,not limited to the higher forms^of animal life, but every thing that had being was to him, in the fact of its life, endowed with so much of the Divine Essence that t» wound or destroy it was to inflict an injury upon some atom «f Divinity, No Brahmin could be more cioncerned for the preservai- tion of insect life, aad the only occasion, on which he destroyed % venomous reptile was a source of regret, to which he could never refer without manifesting ,sadness. He had selected a suitable place for planting apple seeds on asmall prairie, and in order f» prepare the ground he was mowing the long grass, when he vv^* bitten by a rattlesnake. In describing the event he sigheu heavily and said, "Poor fellow, he only just touched rae, when I, in the- heat of my ungodly passion, put the heel of my scythe in hiiB, and went away. Some time afterward I went back, and there lay the poor fellow dead." Nuraerous anecdotes bearing upon his re spect for everj' forra of life are preserved, and form the staple of pioneer recollections. On one occasion, a cool autumnal night, whe» LOGAN COUNTIE.S, I.-7 .Johnny, who always camped out in prefen'nce to slecpin;^ in a fiouse, had built a flre near which he intended to pa.ss the night, he Moticed thatthe blaze attracted large numbers of mosquitoes, nr.my «jif whom flew too near to his fire and were burned. He immedi ately brought water and ([uenched the tire, accounting for liis con- ¦me indeflnite period. When this whs accomplished he seemed fe think that the transaction was completed in a business-like way ; l>utif the giver of the note did not attend to its payment, the hold- profit never troubled him.self about its collection. His expenses for food and clothing were so very limited that, notwithstanding litis freedom from the au.ri .mf-ra fames, he vvas -frequently in j.ioses- •iion of raore money than he cared to keep, audit was quickly dis posed of for wintering infirm horses, or given to some poor family ¦mrhom the ague had prostrated or the accidents of border life im- j»"verished. In a single instance only he is known to have invested Siis surplus i!i as in the purcha.seof land, having received a deed from Alexa- .^r Finley, of Mohican Township, Ashland County CS'fiJo. for ;i part of the .southwest quarter of section twenty-si. c ; 168 CHA]VtPAIGN AND but with his custoraary indifference to raaters of value, Johniy failed to record the deed, and lost it. Only a few years ago the property was in litigation. We must not leave the reader under the irapression that this man's life, so full of hardship and perils, was a gloomy or unhappy one. There is an element of huraan pride in all martyrdom, which, if it does not soften the pains, stimulates the power of endurance. Johnny's life was made .serenly happy by the conviction that he was living like the priraitive Christians. Nor was he devoid of a keen humor, to which he occasionally gave vent, as the follow ing will show. Toward the latter part of Johnny's career in Ohio an itinerant raissionary found his way to the villa,ge of Mansfleld, and preached to an open-air congregation. The discourse was tediously lengthy and unnece.ssarily severe upon the sin of extravagance, which was beginning to manifest itself among the pioneers by an occasional indulgence in the carnal van ities of calico and "store tea."- There was a good deal of the Pharisaic leaven in the preacher, who very frequently em phasized his discpurse by the inquiry, "Where istherea raan who, like the priraitive Christians, is traveling to heaven barefooted and clad in "oarse raiment?" When this interrogation had been re- 'ppated beyond all reasonable endurance, Johny rose frora the log on which he was reclining, and advancing to the speaker, he placed one of his bare feet upon the sturap which .served for a pul pit, and pointing to his coffee-sack garment, he quietly said, •'Here's your primitive Christian!" The well-clothed raissionary hesitated and stammered and disraissed the congregation. His pet antithesis was de.stioyed by .Johnny's personal appearance, which was far more primitive then the preacher cared to copy. Some of the pioneers were disposed to think that Johnny's hu mor was the cause of an extensive practical joke ; but it is gener ally conceded now "that a wide-spread annoyance vvas really the result of hi ! belief that the offensively-oilored weed known in the Wist as the dog-fennel, but more generally styled the May-weed, possessi-d valuable antimalarial virtues. He procured some .seeds of the plant in Pennsylvania, and sowed them in the vicinity of every house in the region of his travels. The consequence was that successive flourishing crops of the' weed spread over the whole country, and caused almost as much trouble as the disease it wa» LOGAN COUNTIES. 159 intended to ward off; and to this day the dog-fennel, intro duced by Johnny Appleseed, is one of the worst grievances of the Ohio farmers. In 1838— thirty -seven years after his appearance on Licking Creek— Johnny noticed that civilization, wealth, and population were pressing into the wilderness of Ohio. Hitherto he had easily kept just in advance of the wave of settlement; but now towns and churches were making their appearance, and even, at long intervals, the .stage-driver's horn broke the silence of tho grand old iorpsts, and he felt that his work was done in the region in which he had labored .so long. He visited every house, and took a solemn farewell of all the farailies. The little girls who had been delighted with his gifts of fragraents of calico and ribbons had be corae sober raatrons, and the boys who had wondered at his ability to bear the pain caused by running needles into his flesh were heads of families. With parting words of admonition he left them, and turned his steps steadily toward the setting sun. During the succeeding nine years he pursued his eccentric a vo-. cation on the western border of Ohio and in Indiana. In the .sum mer of 1847, when his labors had literally borne fruit over a hun dred thousand square railes of territory, at the close of a warm day, after traveling twentv' miles', he entered the house of a settler in Allen county, Indiana, and was, as usual, -warmly welcomed. He declined to eat with the family, but accepted some bread and milk, which he partook of sitting on the door-step and gazing on the setting sun. Later in the evening he delivered his "news right fresh from heaven" by reading the Beatitudes. Declining other accoraraodation, he slept, as usual, on the floor, and in the early morning he was found with his features all aglow with a supernal light, and his body .so near death that his tongue refused itsoffice. The physician, who was hastily sum mi 'd, rronounced him dying, but added that he had never seen a mm in so placid a state at the approach of death. At seventy-two years of age, forty-six of which h-id been devoted to his self-imposed mission, he ripened into death as naturally and beautifully as the seeds of his own planting had grown into flbre and bud and blossom and the matured fruit. Thus died one of the memorable men of pioneer times, who never inflicted pain or knew an enemy — a man of strange habits. 160 CHAMPAIGN AND in whom there dwelt a comprehensive love that reached with one hand downward to the lowest forms of life, with the other upward to the very throne of God. A laboring, self-denying- benefactor of his race, homeless, solitary, and ragged, he trod the thorny earth with bare and bleeding feet, intent only upon making tho wilder ness fruitful. Now "no man knoweth of his sepulchre;" but his deed," will live in the fragrance of the apple blos.soms he loved so well, and the story of his life, however crudely narrated, will be a perpetual proof that true heroisra, pure benevolence, noble vir tues, and deeds that deserve immortality may be found under meanest apparel, and far from gilding halls and towering spires. LOGAN COUNTIES. 161 LORENZO DOW. HIS VISIT IN 1826. In May, 1826, Lorenzo Dow visited Logan and Champaign counties, aud I think this was the only visit he ever made to thos© counties. The first that I now reraeraber of hearing of his move ments on this journey was at Sandusky City, then called Portland. The people of Portland at that tirae were alraost wholly irrelig ious and extreraely wicked. Religious meethigs were alraost un known amongst them. Not long before Lorenzo's visit, a Metho dist minister had appointed a meeting at Portland, and while en gaged in prayer, a sailor jumped on his back and kicked him, and cursed him, and said : " Why don't you pray sorae for Jackson ? " and the meeting was broken up in much disorder. Lorenzo had an appointraent at Portland early in May, 1826, and of course his narae and fame attracted a large crowd at the hour of raeeting : the meeting was held under a large tree near the bank of Lake Erie. At the appointed time Lorenzo came walking very fast, dressed in a plain raanner, with straw hat and white blanket coat. He rushed into the midst of the corapany, pulled off his hat and dashed it on the ground, pulled off his coat and dashed it down the sarae way, as though he was raad, looked very sternly, and immediately began to preach ; his text was pretty rough ; he be gan with the words : " Hell and damnation ; " he then uttered a string of oaths enough to frighten the wickedest man in Portland. He then made a solemn pause, and said : " This is your comraon language to God and to one another — such language as the gates of hell cannot exceed." He then preached a solemn, warning ser mon, and was listened to by all present with rauch attention, without interruption. 162 CHAMPAIGN AND The next account I can give of Lorenzo on this journey, was at Tymochtee, 1 believe now within the bounds of Hardin county. He stopped at the house of Eleazer Hunt, and Phineas Hunt, father of Eleazer was there with his wagon, and was about starting to his horae in Charapaign county; and Lorenzo rode in his wagon. It .seemed that Lorenzo .had sent an appointment to preach at Bellefontaine, at 11 o'clock, of the day that he expected to arrive there. About the appointed time he arrived at Bellefontaine, riding in Phineas Hunt's wagon. I am informed that the people were looking earnestly for hira. Judge iN. Z. McCoiloch and others met the wagon in which Lorenzo was in, and inquired, "Is Mr. Dow here?" he said, "Yes, my narae is Dow." .Judge Mc Coiloch then kindly invited hira to go to his house and eat dinner, as there was sufficient time before the hour of meeting. Without saying a word, Lorenzo directed the driver to go south a little far ther, where he alighted from the wagon and laid under the shade of a sraall tree, and took some bread and meat from his pocket and ate his dinner in that way. Sopn meeting tirae carae, and there was of course a large attendance. In the course of his sermon, Lorenzo pointed to an old lady who sat near him and said, "Old lady, if you don't quit tattling and slandering your neighbors, the devil will gel you !" Pointing directly at her he said, "lam talking to you !" There was a young man in the meeting, that Lorenzo probably thought needed reproof; he said, "Young man, you esti mate yourself a great deal higher than other people estimate you, and if you don't quit your high notions and do better, the devil will get you too!" Passing out of the meeting he met a young man and said to him, "Young man, the Lord has a work for you to do. He calls you to labor in his vineyard." It is .said that young raan becarae a minister o' the Gospel. I think the meeting at Bellefontaine, was held on seventh day, or Satuaday. After meeting, he came with Phineas Hunt, to his home,— a brick-house now on the farra of Willi-im Scott, in Salem township, Champaign County. Lorenzo held a meeting at Phineas Hunt's house, that evening, at 5 o'clock, P. M., vvhich was not large as no previous notice was given. My father attended that ' raeeting. Lorenzo's text was: "But the hour cometh, and now is when the true wor shippers shall worship the Father in spirit and in truth;, for the Father .seeketh such to worship him. God is a spirit, and they that worship him raust worship hira in spirit and in truth." LO<}AN COUNTIES. 163 Next day being the Sabbath, Lorenzo had an appointed meeting at Mt. Tabor, at 10 o'clock, A. M., which was generally known in the neighttorhood. About 9 o'clock, on Sabbath morning, Lorenzo saw some people passing by, enquired where they were going ; was told they were going to his raeeting ; without saying another word he picked up his hat, and started in thedirection of the meet ing ; overtaking some persons on the way, he walked with them apiece, and took a by way leading from the main road, when one ofthe company said, "this is the road to Mt. Tabor," he said "yes that is your road ; go on." He )>assed on to N. W. until he came to the Bellefontaine road, about f of a mile north of Tabor, and walked south to the meeting house. The people had assembled in the grove, west of the rneeting house, where .seats had been pre pared. Lorenzo passed right by the assembly, and went down the hill into the bushes and timber S. E. ofthe meetihg house, where he immediately began to preach, the people following him, carry ing benches and chairs, Ac, but mostly stood on foot during the meeting. He was preaching when I arrived at the meeting, and perhaps hundreds came after he had began to preach. His manner in pleaching was earnest and impressive, he never hesitated, but seemed to have words at command that suited the case. His doctrine appeared to be the same as held by the Metho dists ; he spoke of a call to the ministry ; he said it must be a di vine call, that it would not do to preach as a trade or profes.sion. He spoke with rauch severity and keen sarcasm against proud and deceitful professors of religion. His appearance was remarkable : he was a spare man, of rather sraall size; his beard was long, reaching to his breast, his hair was a little gray, parted in the raiddle on hi^ head, and reached down to his shoulders; his dress was very plain, and appeared to be cleanly and neat. He wore a straw or palm-leaf hat, a black over-coat, which appeared to be all the coat he had on ; he rested on a cane while preaching ; his eye was calm and serene, yet piercing. Notwithstandihg his ec centricities, his whole appeairance and manners indicated that he was an extraordinary man — a great and good raaii. He did not sing at this meeting ; after preaching about one hour and a quar ter, in which he seemed to mention almost everything connected with religious subjects, giving a history of his life, and of the sol emn parting with his father and raother, brothers and sisters, when he started out — I think at about seventeen years of age — 164 CHAMPAIGN AND to preach- the gospel, he knelt and offered a short and beautiful prayer, and then dismissed the audience. As he was ascending the hill westward from the place of meet ing, a venerable Methodist preacher, on horse-back, met him, and being very anxious to talk to Lorenzo, rather rode before him, and held out his hand. Lorenzo took his hand, and said : "Don't ride over rae, it's not good manners." Wra. H. Fyffe had sent a handsome carriage to convey Lorenzo to Urbana, where he had an appointment to preach that afternoon, at 3 o'clock. I have been told he was kindly invited to dinner, perhaps by several persons, but did not accept the invitation, and laid down to rest on Judge Reynolds' cellar door, taking sorae bread from out of his pocket, and made his meal. This afternoon meeting of course was large, and 1 think was held in the Metho dist Church. Lorenzo preached in a very earnest manner, became warmed and aniraated; swinging his hands, the hyran book slipped fi-ora his hand and struck a lady on her head ; he paased and .said : " Excuse ray energy, for my soul is elated." I believe I can give no further particulars of the only visit to this county of this remarkable man. THOMAS COWGILL. Kennakd, O., 3d Month 18, 1872. REV. DAVID MERRILL. The writer of this became acquainted with Mr. Merrill at Urbana abou' forty years ago, and had the honor of hearing him deliver his celebrated " Ox " discourse. "That Mr. Merrill was a man of no ordinary intellectual powers, is sufficiently evident from what he said und did, and the fact was felt by all who had any considerable acquaintance with hira. His more prominent mental traits were, undoubtedly, such as compre- hensivene,ss, originality, energy, &c. W hatever subjects he, investi gated, he took hold of them with a strong grasp ; he looked at them in their various reltitions, and in a manner that was peculiarly his own. He had a power of originating and corabining ideas, an LOGAN COUNTIES. 165 ability to elaborate, as it were, thoughts within himself, that re minded one of the proliflc and vigorous intellects of an earlier and more favored generation. He had, too, a kind of i ntuitive percep tion of the propriety and fitness of things— of the bearing one action has upon another— of what is adapted to affect raen in different circumstances. The history ofthe "Ox Sermon," is briefly this. It was written for a temperance meeting in Urbana, and delivered to an audience of less than a hundred persons. Its flrst publication was in the Urbana weekly paper. A copy of this paper, .sent to Samuel Mer rill, Esq., of Indianapolis, Ind., fell into the hands of John H.. Farnham, Esq., who caused a pamphlet edition of 500 copies to be printed at Salem, Indiana. Rev. M. H. Wilder, a Tract Agent,. sent a copy of this edition to the American Tract Society, by which it was handed over to the Temperance Society. It was then pub lished as the "Temperance Recorder, extra," for circulation in every faraily in the United States. The edition numbered 2,200,00f> copies. Numerous editions have been published since, — one in Canada East, of, I think, 10,000 copies. The American Tract Soci- etj' adopted it about 1845, as No. 475 of their series of tracts, and have published 104,000 copies. The Tract Society has also pub lished 100,000 copies ofan abridgement of it, under the title, "Is it right?" It has been published in many newspapers of extensive circulation. It is undoubtedly safe to .say that its circulation has been between two and a half and three millions of copies. What other Sermon has ever had a circulation equal to this ? A person tolerably well inforraed in regard to the arguments used by temperance men at the present day, who reads the Ox Sermon for the flrst time, will think its positions. and illustrations quite eommon-piice, and wonder why anybody ever attributed to it any originality or shrewdness. But twenty-flve years have wrought great chatiges in the popular sentiment upon the subject of temper ance, and positions, which are now admitted almost as readily as the axioms in mathematics, when broached in that sermon were regarded as "violently new-school," "dangerously radical," "im practicably ultra." Whoever originate an idea which becomes in fluential over the belief and actions of men, comraences a work which will go on increasing in efficiency long after his own gener ation shall have passed away. The author of the "Ox Sermon," 166 CHAMPAIGN AND even during his own life, had the satisfaction of knowing that many by reading that discourse were so convicted in their con sciences that even at great pecuniary sacriflce they gave up the traffic in ardent spirits, and that many raore from being entfraies or lukewarra friends, became earnest advocates of the temperance reforraation. REV. GEORGE WALKER. The above naraed gentleraan lived in Champaign County when he joined the Methodist Episcopal Church under the labors of Rev. George Gatch. The circumstances of his joining the Church are briefly these : When Mr. Gatch was on his last round on Mad river Circuit, at King's Creek, four miles north of Urbana, after the serraon, Mr. Gatch gave an invitation to join the Church ; Mr. Walker started toward the preacher, and when about raidway of the congregation his strength failed him for the flrst time, and he sank down on the floor. Mr. Gatch approached him as he arose to his feet, and he gave his hand to the minister, and his name to the Church. Mr. Walker married Miss Catharine Elbert, daughter of Dr. John Elbert, of Logan County, I believe she died but re cently. The annexed sketch of Mr. Walker's life will be read with interest by his old comrades. — Ed. In person he was well formed, but a fraction less than six feet in hight ; had a powerful frame, yet closely knit together. His habit was full, his carriage erect and dignified ; his features were regular but well-defined, and strongly expressive of a generous and noble nature ; his brow was arched and heavy, his forehead high, broad, and open, his hair dark, and somewhat inclined to stiffness. In his dress he was neat, cleanly, and careful, regarding comfort, but not disregarding elegance ; never, however, violating professional propriety, or losing his dignity in ornament or show ; nor did he ever affect singularity or quaintness. He was accustomed to finish whatever he undertook, arguing, and often observing, that "that which was worth doing, was worth doing well." I have often thought that this idea was car ried with him into the pulpit; and when preaching on subjects LOGAN COUNTIES. 167 peculiarly interesting to hira, made him consume more time than would otherwise have been preferable to him. His custom ' was to reason from cause to effect, yet he would often institute analogies. His raind was mathematical, and he had a love of exact scienc^. I never new him bewildered in theories ; and so great was the original strength of his mind, that he detected the false or the faulty almost at a glance. He read character well, but never judged hastily or harshly. He had a boundless charity for the faults of others, ahd never deemed one, however low he or she might have sunken, beyond the hope of redemption. He could well adapt himself to the society he was in, so far as this could foe done without compromising his character or principles. This he was never known to do, nor do I believe he eould have been tempted to do so. He had due respect for the opinions of others, and in many things would take counsel, but he was self-reli ant, and seemed through life to think it was his duty to bear the burden of others, rather than tojplace.his own upon their shoulders REV. JOSEPH THOMAS. Elder Joseph Thomas, or "White Pilgrim," the subject of this sketch, has frequc^ntly preached in Champaign and Loga,n counties. The writer heard him once or twice at a camp-meeting, at Muddy Run, near West Liberty, about the year '33 or '34. How many people, young and old, in the United States, and in Europe, that have read those beautiful and pathetic lines, written by Elder J. Ellis, and wondered who was thesubject of them, and where is "the spot where he lay !" I will say, for the satisfaction of all such, he is buried in a cemetery at Johnsonsburgh, Warren county. New Jersey, where a beautiful Italian marble monument marks the spot where "the White Pilgrina lays." The peculiarity of his white dress, says a writer, undoubtedly added much to the notoriety which everywhere greeted him. Though independent of this, his excellent evangelical gifts rendered his services very acceptable. In regard to his peculiar dress, he says it was typical of the robes of the saints in glory ; that he found but very litde inconvenience in its use, anl was contented with his choice. Below will be found this beautiful poem. 168 CHAMPAIGN AND COMPO.SEn WHiLK STANDING AT THK ¦fTHrtE PItGKIM's GRAVjr. Hy Elder J. Ellis. ^came to the spot where the White Pilgrim lay, And pensively stood by his tomb. When in alow whisper I heard something say, " How sweetly I sleep here alone. The tempest may howl, and loud thunder roll, And gathering storms may arise. Yet calm are my feelings, at rest is my soul,. The tears are all wiped frora my eyas. The cause of ray Savior compelled me to roara, I bade my companions farewell, I left my sweet children, who for rae do raourn. In a far distant region to dwell. I wandered an exile and stranger below. To publish salvation abroad. The trump of the Gospel endeavored to blow. Inviting poor sinners to God. But when among .strangers, and far from ray horae, No kindred or relative nigh, I raet the contagion, and sank in the tomb, My spirits ascended on high. Go! tell my corapanion and children raost dear, To weep not for Joseph, tho' gone ; The same hand that led me thro' scenes dark and drear, Has kindly conducted me home." THE FIRST CHURCHES. The King's Creek Baptist Church is probably the flrst Church in stituted in Champaign County, it being established the same year the county was organized ( 1805 ). ORGANIZATION or tbe King's Creek RCKnlar Baptist Cbnrcb In the year I80S. The organization was effected pn the 29th day of June, at the house of James Turner, " On the waters of King's Creek." The list in my possession contains the names of constituent members as follows : James Turner, Sr., John Guttridge, Sampson Talbot, Rebecca McGill, Hannah Sutton, Ann Turner, M. Guttridge and E. Parkerson — eight in all. It seems very clear to us that this is not a full list. The name of Rev. John Thomas is nowhere to be found in the list of members, yet the articles of faith (m which the church was constituted are in his hand-writing, and very elaborately done, with all the references and quotations, as are also the rules of decorum. We flnd him always present at the raeet ings, acting on committees, and often serving as Clerk pro tem. Perhaps he was a very modest man, and did not prefer to write his own name. It is noticeable that in all the records that he kept he never once names himself as preacher, but if any other one preached he records the name, yet there are members living who testify to the excellency of his preaching. By the foregoing it will bo seen that Champaign as a County and King's Creek as a Baptist Church comraenced their careerin the same year and both are holding on their way. If Benedict's History of the Baptists is correct. King's Creek must have been the third Baptist Church organizese dtiys. Who can tell what may be the changes ofthe next half centu.y? Echo answers— Who? Let us all watch and wait, and try to fulfill our raission. ESSAY, WRITTEN BY MRS. SARAH M. MOORE, AND READ BEB^ORE THE PIONEER MEETING, IN DEGRAFP, ON THURSDAY, .TUNE 1, 1871. Araong the first settlers in Union and Pleasant townships, in 240 CHAMPAIGN AND Logan county, were Robert Moore, and John and Thomas Makem- son, John and Benjamin Schooler, Phillip Matthews, Sen., and his sons David, Henry, Phillip and Alfred ; James Shaw, .Jereraiah Stanbery, John Provolt and Sarauel Mcllvain. About the year 1810 or 11, there was felt a shock of earthquake, which caused a distinct vibration of some three inches, of skeins of yarn, that were, suspended frora the joist of our log cabin. Well do I reraeraber how frightened I was vvhen ray father told us what it was. Indians were plenty about here at that time, and often came into the settlement to trade their split baskets (which were very pretty, being colored black and red, and striped with the natural color of ash wood), dressed deer-skins and moccasins, fbr flotir, a little corn- raeal, or a piece of me.it. They were very friendly with the whites, generally, if they were well treated. Of game there was plenty ; deer was often seen in herds, six, eight or ten together. How beautiful they were, leaping over hills or across the prairies, with their white flags waving. But the poor creatures were hunted and slaughtered without raercy, by both white and In dian hunters. The sly, and sneaking wolf, too, was often seen skulking through the brush, and wo betide the poor sheep that wasn't housed up at night. Thase depredators were often caught in traps, the price of a wolf-scalp being four dollars. Occasionally a bear was killed. A little son of Wra. Moore, living on JIcKees' creek, near where the Bellefontaine and West Liberty turnpike crosses it, was •sent after the cows one evening, (he always carried his trusty rifle on such occasions,) and in passing through the woods, he espied a huge black bear standing with its paws on a large log close by, ap parently watching hira. Without waiting to think of the conse quences, should he miss his aim, he blazed away, and down came bruin — the ball entering his forehead, and away ran Billy home to tell his father, who would scarc61y believe his story. "But, fath er, just comeandsee," said Billy. He went; and there sureenough, was the bear, a very large animal, weighing nearly 400 pounds, ly ing dead beside the log. BLACKBIRDS ANI) PIGEONS. It would be almost irapo.ssible to make the young folks of to-day have an adequate idea of the immeose swarms of blackbirds that LOGAN COUNTIES. 241 used to collect about our cornfields. They could be seen coming in flocks, by the thousands, and alighting on the corn, about the time it was in good order for roasting, tearing open the husk, and feast ing on the soft corn. Then there was work for the boys, with the horse-rattler, old tin pails, or anything to scare off the birds. And, after all, they would destroy some flelds of corn dreadfully. Pigeons, though raore plentiful still th m blackbirds, were not so mischievous. At certain seasons of the year (or some years) they inigl t be seen flying iu such crowds overhead as almost to darken the air, and in continuous lines for miles in length. One season the pigeon-roost was at a place called the Beaver dam, in Union town ship, where they would collect in such vast numbers as to break down the timber. Large limbs would be broken off trees, and .saplings bent to the ground. Rattlesnakes were also plenty. Well do I remember the time when quite a large one got into our house, and was found coiled up at the foot of the bed where my brothers were sleeping. Feeling soraething at their feet, they called father, and he grasped a large iron poker and dexterously pitched it into the flre. Shortly after, the dog was making a great ado outside the house; father went out, and there was another snake, no doubt raate to the one in the house, which he also killed. MAKING HOMINY. In raaking hominy, the flrst thing was to prepare the mortar to pound it in, which was done by sawing off a log about two feet in diameter and three feet long, then chop it in from one end, leaving a rim for the bottom, then dress it off smooth in the shape of a gob let, set it up on the bottom and pile chips or bark on the top and burn it out, on the inside, taking care to leave a rim at the outer edge. When this was done it was dres.sed out sraooth and clean. Then shell about half a bushel of corn, pour boiling water on it in some vessel and let it stand a spell, then pour the water off and tuin it in the horainy block. The pestle for pounding it was made by taking a stout stick about like a handspike, shaving it smooth, splitting one end, and inserting an iron wedge, (such as is used in splitting rails) taking care to have an iron ring on the stick to keep it from splitting with the wedge while pounding tho corn. The chaff, or husk, would part from the grain, and leave it clean and 242 CHAMPAIGN AND cracked, flt for cooking, then put on the big kettle and boil the hominy. PRODICKS. We used to have spinning bees (as the yankees would say.) A neighbor would send flax enough around the neighborhood tospin twelve cuts for each one, and send an invitation for us to come on a certain day, and bring our dozen of thread, and partake of a good dinner, and a good time in general. The men would have log-roll ings, and house-raisings, and corn-huskings. We would have our wool-pickings, and quillings. We could, and did ride on horse back, for miles to raeeting or to raarket or visiting, and thought it only a pleasant recreation. We could pull flax, scutch it, spin it, weave it, bleach it, and mak^ it up into shirts for the raen. THE WAR OP 1812. How many of us can reraember the demonstrations of joy and rejoicing there were among us, at the news of Perry's victory on Lake Erie. Well do I reraember hearing the shooting and shout ing. I have a knapsack in my possession that was in the army, under General Brown, at Sackett Harbor, in 1813 or 14, made of tow linen with leather straps. My aged friends, we who have borne the burden and heat ofthe day are now walking or wading along the banks ofthe river. Some of us with our feet in the water waiting to be launched over. We have seen our friends, one by one, passing over before us. Have we all got our lamps trimmed, and oil in our vessels? Did we all goto work in the Master's vineyard at the eleventh hour, or are we st-ill standing idle, making the excuse that no raan hath hired us? Let us not murmur because those that came in at the eleventh hour receive as rauch as we. Let us rather rejoice that they came in, even late, and receive the .same wages, "Let not our eye be evil because God is good." LOGAN COUNTIES. 243 WILLIAM BOGGS, Eldest .son of Maj. William Boggs, aged 18 years, of Westmore land county, Virginia, was taken prisoner by the Indians, about the year 1770, and reraained a prisoner with them two years. He spent a considerable part of that tirae at the Mac-a-cheek towns, on Madriver, near the present town of West Liberty. He was sick much ofthe tirae he was a prisoner, and at times reduced so low that he was scarcely able to walk. A young squaw was very kind to hira, and probably saved his life on .several occasions. At one tirae the Indians had a drunken frolic, when he was so weak he could not walk. This Indian woraan carried him in her arms, probably in the night time, and hid hira in the tall grass, on Mac- a-chcek, covered him over with the grass and set up the grass on her trail so that that the Indians could not flnd him, fearing the drunken Indians would kill him. He laid in that place two days, and had nothing toeat except once, this young woman carried hira sorae pole-cat brains, which was the best she had to give. After he was released, and returned home, he described that country so well along Mad river, frora the head of that stream down south of West Liberty, that persons afterward came frora his neighborhood, and had no difficulty in flnding the exact localities he had described, especially about the present site of West Liberty, and along Mac-a- cheek, about the Piatt estate. He described a raound, which is, no doubt, the raound situated in John Enoch's fleld, wherethe In dians had a track to run their horses, and the judges would sit on this mound and view the races, but he gave no account of seeing any prisoner run the gauntlet, and he never had to run the gaunt let as my informant is aware of. At the end of two years he was exchanged at Detroit, and returned to his native home. He sub- .sequently removed to Indiana, where he died, many years since, at an advanced age. William Boggs was a relation to Hiram, Nel son and Alfred Johnson of Champaign county. WILLIAM JOHNSON Removed from Pennsylvania in the year 1804, and settled on 244 CHAMPAIGN AND King's Creek, near where Judge E. L. Morgan now lives. Two years afterward he removed to Mingo Valley, where he died in the year 1818, at an advanced age. JACOB JOHNSON Settled on the farm now owned by his son, Alfred .Johnson, in Mingo Valley, in the spring of 1805. He lived ou King's Creek one or two years previous. The flrst time he ever viewed this farm he was in company with James Denny, the original proprie tor, and the noted original proprietor of much military land. They were looking over the land, and came to a fleld that the In dians had cleared and cultivated, and found twelve or thirteen squaws in the fleld hoeing corn on a very warm day. The squaws were attired to ¦'suit the weather. This fleld is very near the village of Mingo. Jacob Johnson died in the year 1844, and was regarded as a very worthy man. He was father of the well-known Johnson Brothers — Hiram, Nelson and Alfred. WILLIAM H. BALDWIN Was a native of Guilford county. North Carolina. He emigrated to Ohio, in 1811, and settled in Champaign county, where he lived until his decease in 1863, aged seventy-flve years. He was one of the excellent men ofthe earth. HENRY COWGILL Was a native of Columbiana county, Ohio. He lived in Cham paign county from 1817 until his decease in 1870, aged 67 years. He was steady, quiet, industrious, benevolent and economical. He lived a religious life, and was looked upon by all as a good man. LOGAN COUNTIES. 246 THOMAS COWGILL, Senior, Was a native of Virginia, and emigrated to the Northwestern Ter ritory, and settled in what is now Columbiana county, Ohio, in 1800, In 1817 he reraoved to Charapaign county, where he lived eight miles Northeast of Urbana, until his decease in 1846. He was industrious, liberal and kind, and was regarded as a good and useful man. ARCHIBALD STEWART Was a native of Pennsylvania. Emigrated to Ohio in 1805, and lived in Champaign county until his decease, about the year 1860. He was Comraissioner ofthe county twelve years, and fllled raany offices of trust. He was a kind and benevolent raan, and for his many good qualities, will long be remembered by his neighbors and fellow-citizens. SIMEON MORECRAFT Lived in Champaign county at an early day, and is still living on his flne farm at Cable. He is nature's nobleman ; may his shadow never grow less. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH. BY F. M. THOMAS. Colonel John Thomas, One of the earliest settlers of Champaign county, was a native of Charles county, Maryland, where he had his birth, June 7, 1779. When about eighteen years of age, he left his horae and emigra ted to the wilderness of Ohio, stopping flrst in Ross county, near Chillicothe. After a few years he went iuto Pickaway county, where he married Ann Morris. About the year 1809, he reraoved to Charapaign county, settling on the north fork of Kingscreek in Salem township. At that period, but few white people were in this county. The pioneers were far apart, and in a poor condition for defense against the inroads ofthe savages, by whom they were frequently threatened during the war. For their better defense, they erected blockhouses, one of which stood on Col. Thomas's farm. Here the families were collected when the alarm of hostile Indians spread dismay and terror among the settlers, whilst the mefi with their rifles marched to the frontier to search for and drive back the savages. Col. Thomas accompanied these expedi tions and belonged to the same corapany with Captain Arthur Thomas and son, who were murdered by the Indians near Solo mons town, Logan county. The subject of this sketch was pecul iarly fltted for the pioneer life, having a strong and vigorous con stitution, and always enjoying good health. He was endowed with a large measure of patience and fortitude, that enabled him to successfully battle with the perils and discouragements incident to LOGAN COUNTIES. 247 backwoods life. He was quiet and unassuming in his manners ; possessed a warm, social nature, and was noted for his propriety of conduct, and his kindness and benevolence to the poor and desti tute. When there were no churches in the county. Col. Thoraas invi ted the clergy to hold service at his house, and the pioneer mis sionary of the gospel always met a cordial welcome at his door. He was held in the highest esteem by his fellow-citizens, and was honored by them with many positions of trust and usefulness ; being chosen -as Captain, Major and Colonel in the militia service, and serving as Justice of the Peace for thirty-three years, receiv ing his flrst commission from Gov. Othniel Looker, in 1814. Some years after his settlement here, sickness carried off his wife and several of his family. He subsequently married Mary Blair, widowed daughter of Jacob Johnson, of Mingo Village, also a pioneer. His widow still survives him, living with her two sons on the farm where her husband originally settled. Some time pre vious to his decease, Col. Thomas united with the M. P. Church in his neighborhood, and continued an exemplary follower of the Sa vior until his death, which occurred January 20, 1851, in the 72d year of his age. SALEM TOWNSHIP, CHAMPAIGN COUN TY, OHIO. BY EDWARD L. MORGAN. This township is situated immediately north of Urbana. Its south ern boundary at the centre is the northern limit ofthe the city cor poration. The township is eight railes long, from south to north, and six railes wide, from east to west. It is bounded on the north by Logan county, on the east by Union and Wayne townships, and on the west by Concord and Harrison townships. It contains forty-eight (48) square miles, equal to thirty thousand seven hun dred and twenty (30,720) acres of land ; about four thousand acres of this land lies east of Ludlow's line, and is in the Virginia Military District; the balance is Congress land, and is lail off in sections of one mile square, containing six hundred and forty acres each, ex cept sorae fractional sections on the west side of, and adjoining Ludlow's line, which are of various sizes. Mad river runs south, and passes through the north-west and south-west parts of the township. King's creek has its source in Wayne township, and runs westwardly across Salem, and enters Mad river near the west ern boundary ofthe township. Mack-a-cheek, a tributary of Mad river, passes through the northern part ofthe township. All the.se are permanent, never-failing streams, of pure, clear water. They have never been known to go dry in sumraer, and always furnish an araple supply of water for railling purposes throughout the year. The land is raostly level, or "rolling" dry prairie, and "barrens," as it was once called, and the ridges dividing the streams and prairie, are covered with timber, mostly oak and hickory. In the south-east corner of the township there is a large, lo^w, and once wet LOGAN COUNTIES. -M) prairie known by the name of Dugan's Prairie ; it contains several thousand acres of land, and receives the drainage of the country surrounding it, equal to an /irea ot six railes square. When the country was flrst settled by the whites, this prairie was mostly covered with water the greatest part of the year, having the ap pearance of a lake, with here ahd there a sraall island thickly cov ered with timber, raostly oak and hickory. The "barrens" and dry prairies were covered with wild grass, which in sumraer grew to an incredible height, and furnished flne pasture for thousxnds of buffalo, elk and deer, before the intrusion of the white raan upon their rich doraain. After this grass became dead ripe, or was killed by the frost in the fall of the year, and became dry enough to burn, the Indians, at times agreed upon by their chiefs, would place themselves with their guns upon the high timbered land adjoining that upon whicii the grass grew, and at a signal given by the "captain," the squaws would set fire to the grass, and the wild an imals of all kinds which lay there concealed, would bo suddenly aroused from their quiet slumbers, and run for safety to the high ground, and there meet death by the rifle of the red man. <4reat numbers of deer were killed in this way by the Indians, even after the commencement of the settlement of the country by the whites.. The Indians would invariably give the white settlers at least a week's notice of their intention to burn the grass at a certain time, so they could protect their fences and cabins by plowing a few fresh furrows around them. According to the best information, and that which is entirely re liable, (for I intend to give no other,) the settlement of that part of the township which lies in the Kings-creek valley, was coraraenced in the year 1802, or 1803. Sarauel and William Stewart, from whom I have received the raain i)art of my information on the subject, and whose statements can be fully relied on, came to this town ship with their father, Matthew Stewart who settled on Kings- creek iu the spring of 1804. At that time William Powell was living near the place where Mr. Albert Jackson now lives, having settled there about a year before. Wm. Wood, a Baptist preacher from Kentucky, and father of Christopher Wood, whodistinguished himself in the war of 1812, and is remembered by all the old set tlers, then lived where the Kingston mills now are, having settled there about a year before. Arthur Thomas, who was afterwards 18 250 CHAMPAIGN AND killed by the Indians, then lived at the mouth ofKings-creek, where he soon after built a grist raill, which was probably the first raill of the kind ever erected in this county. Joseph Petty then lived on Kings-creek on the place where his grand son, Hiram Petty now lives, where he built a water raill soon after. The following named persons carae to this township about the sarae time, or soon after : David Parkison, .laraes Turner, John Gutridge, Abner Barret, Williara Johnson, George and Jacob Leonard. A majority ofthe first .settlers came frora Kentucky and Virginia. Matthew Stewart and John McAdams came from Penn sylvania at an early day, and lived a short time at Columbia, on the Ohio river, above Cincinnati; from there they carae to this place and settled on Kingscreek, in 1804. John Taylor came from Virginia and settled on Kingscreek in 1806, at the place vhere the village of Kingston now is. He purchased 640 acres of land from issac Zane, for which he paid four dollars per acre. This land, to gether with two other sections of the same size, was given to Mr, Zane by the United States Government, in consideration of ser vices rendered the army under the command of General Wayne in 1794. In 1810 Mr. Taylor erected a grist and saw mill, now (1872) owned by Beatty and Willis. In the same year the citizens, who then lived in the vicinity, erected two blockhou.ses near the mill, as a protection against the attacks of the Indians. To these houses, which were enclosed by tall pickets, the settlers would flee in times of danger; but the Indians never disturbed them there; great numbers of them, mostly squaws, were every day to be seen coming to, and returning from the raill, with their little buckskin sacks fllled with corn, and thrown across the naked backs of their bob-tailed ponies, upon which the squaws rode astride, some of them with their "pappooses" fastened to a board and strapped upon their back. On dismounting, the squaw would place the board to which the baby was tied against the wall ofthe mill, in an erect position, then take off and carry in her sack of corn, and iraraediately return and nurse her pappoose. The writer once saw an Indian squaw, in a great hurry, accidentally place her child upon the board wrong end up. The youngster soon discov ered the mistake, and although a wild savage, its cries and screams precisely resembled those of a white child. Salem township was organized in 1805, the .same year that the LOGAN COUNTIES, 251 county was created. The civil jurisdiction of the township then extended from the southern boundary of the tenth range near Springfleld, to the shore of Lake Erie on the north, includinga territory almost as large as sorae of the old States. If the census had been taken at that tirae. it would have shown that for every white per.son within its bounds there was at least one hundred In dians. I will give some extracts from the township records of early times, vvhich will show the nature of the business then transacted, and the raanner of doing it. "Record Book for Salera township : Chapter I, for the year 1805. May 10, 1805, Chris. Wood, Trustee, duly sworn in for Salera town ship ; Daniel McKinney, Trustee, duly sworn in that office for Sa lera township." "May 15, 1805: William Davis came before rae and was qualifled to his office of Confutable for Salera township be fore A. Barritt." May 18, 1805: Daniel Jones was also qualifled as above raentioned.— A. Barritt." "May 24, 1805: Champaign county recorded as per certiflcate, rendered from under the hand of John Runyon, Associate Judge of the Court of Coraraon Pleas, that George .Jeraison was legally qualifled to the office of house appraiser and lister of taxable property." "June 5th, 1805 : There is a bond in this office giving Daniel Jones for behavior for one year as a constable. Justus Jones, Barton Minturn surety to Wra. .Johnson, Treasurer for said township. — A. Barritt." It appears frora this record that William Johnson was the first Treasurer, and Abner Barritt the first Clerk of this township. By the record of 1806, it appears that Joseph Petty, Thomas Pearce and William Parkison were elected Trustees, and David Parkison Clerk for that year. The following appears upon the record of that year : "August 15, 1806 : A meraorandura of the business transacted by William Moore and Matthew Stewart, overseers of the poor, in the township of Salem, and county of Champaign, for the year 1806:October 18, 1806. To one order for clothing for one child $4 00 To David Parkison — for nursing 3 00 To Wm. Powell — for the use of a midwife. 2 00 To two days service for Moore and Stewart Gave an order to Treasurer for the use of Jany Parkison for three dol lars, the Sth day of November, 1806. The Trustees allowed W^. 252 <;hampaign and Powel's account for keeping poor woman and child — the account, i*20 00 as per account, October 4th, 1806." VVho the poor woman and child were, is not known. The fol lowing is copied from the township record of 1808 : "Agreeable to the siiuirrel law, the Trustees of this township have laid f)n each taxable ten sijuirrel spalps, and one scalp fbr each and every twelve and a half cents h\< tax amounts to. Done the 2:!d day of April, 1808. Attest : David Parkison, T. C." "July: D.ivid Parkison, town Clerk, to making out two alpha betical duplicates of delinquents in squirrel ,scalps, allowed by the Trustees, David Parkison, town Clerk, to taking in squirrel scalps and giving certiflcatps, to be allowed by the Trustees." "October 29, 180S : To James Turner and Joshua Baldwin, Trus tees, their atteiuiancH in Urbana to appoint a cf)llector for to lift the required ta,'>c of Salem township, the day and date above, $1 50." "November 2, 1808 : David- Parkison, town Clerk, to one day going to Urbana to write a bond with security on George Sanders, to collect the squirrel tax, 75 cents." In tormer times it was customary for the squirrelf "to travel from north to south in countless numbers, about once in ten years_ They made their journey in the fall of ihe year, about the tirae that corn began to ripen. They appeared in such vast numbers, as apparently to cover the earth for miles, and if not well guarded, they would clear the corn flelds as they went aking. They would suffer death rather than turn from their course, and would pass over houses and swim lakes, ponds and water courses. They trav eled due south, until they would reach the Ohio river, into which they would- plunge and attempt to swim over ; here an immen.se nuraber would lose their lives by drowning in the river, and those that got over alive would crawl up on the bank, and after resting a short tirae, would resume the journey south ward. This accounts for the necessity of levying a .squirrel scalp tax. Captain Alexander Black, Moses Mcllvain and others, frora Ken tucky, settled on Mac-a-cheek and Mad river, in the northern part of Salem, in the spring of 1809; at that time Jaraes McPherson, called "Squaliea," by the Indians, (which raeans the red-faced man) was then living on Mad river, at or near the Kavanaugh farm, and there were several Indian familif^ there at the time;. LOGAN COUNTIES. 2-5;^, among others, C^aptain John Lewis, a chief, who had in his family a 'A-hitc woman named Molly Kizer, who was taken prisoner when youngand raised with the Indians. She w:is highly esteemed by the whites. Alexander Black was a soldier, and served faithfully in the army of General Wayne at the battle with the Indians in 1794; he was an offlcer and served in the war of 1812, under General Harrison. .lohn Enoch carae to this township with his father's family in 1812; he was then ten years of age, having been born at Port Washing ton, now Cincinnati, in the earl.v i.art of 1802: he is therefore s .me- what older than the State of Ohio. Abram Smith built the first cabin, and was the flrst white settler in what vvas then called the "barrens," between the .settlements on Kings creek and Mac-a- cheek. This cabin was "raised" in l.sj;i, and stood a short distance east of the State road, and not far from the residence of .Joseph Miller; a few old apple trees still remain to mark the place where it stood. Mr. Smith was a prominent and worthy citizen, and ¦^lled some of the most iraportant toviuship offices for .several years before his death; he had a wife and *\\'o children; the whole faraily died of "Milk-sickness" within a few days of each other, about the year 1821. Wm. Copes settled at the place now owned by JNlr. ladders, ad joining the farra of Jonathan Parker, on the State road between Ur bana and West Liberty, in the spring of 1814 ; here he purchased one hundred andsixt.v acres of land from the Ignited States, at two dollars per acre, •erected a cabin and made a small improvement, but like many others of that tirae he carae to the conclusion that the country wis well named, and that it was really a barren and worthless place. He accordingl.v sold his farm for the same price that he gave, and bought one hundred aud sixty acres in another part ot the township, without improvements, for which he paid four dollars per acre ; this land to-day is worth one-fifth as much per acre as that on the State road, and no raore. Mr. Thoraas Thoraas purchased the farra of Wm. Copes, and after the State road became a highway of some importance, and was traveled by dro vers, teamsters, movers, &c., Mr. Thomas, after putting up a pret ty good house, kept "entertainment," for travelers of all kinds, and, a.- was customary in those days he put up his sign upon a tall post in front ofthe door; this si^n was a rather uncouth representa- 2.54 CHAMPAIGN AND tion of a sheaf of wheat. Once upon a tirae a traveler on foot "put up" at the house of Mr. Thomas, and remained all night ; it so happened (which was common araong the folks at that time) that the landlady had mush-and-milk for supper. The mush, as us ual, was made of corn-meal ; in the morning she provided a break fast of venison and corn-pone which she had baked in a Dutch oven. After the traveler had fared sumptuously, and paid the bill, he asked the landlord what sign that was before his door. Mr. Thomas replied that it was a leprasenfation of a sheaf of wheat. "Well," said the stranger, "I think it would be more appropriate if you would take that down and put acorn-stalk in its place." Mr. Thoraas had several children by his flrst wife, and after her death he raarried a young woman of the neighborhood, by whom he had other children. This, as usual, caused trouble and strife in the family, which was carried to such an extent that his son William, by his flrst wife, became a desperate maniac, and had to be con flned, either in a cell or in irons. While in this condition the fam ily moved to one of the new States in the west. Here, as before, the young raan was leP conflned in a small house built for the pur pose, a short distance from the dwelling of the family. By some means he one night raade his escape frora his hut, got an axe, broke open the door of the dwelling house, and entered the sleep ing-room of his father and step-raother; on hearing the noise they both sprang up frora bed, when, after a short struggle he succeeded in splitting his mother's skull and slightly wounding his father while endeavoring to protect his wife. Some of the neighbors, on going to the house next raorning, found the maniac in quiet posses sion, and both parents dead upon the floor. On beint;- questioned he .saiain to Sarah Williams. June 16, 1818, by Seneca Allen, Esq., CoUister .Jaskins to Fanny Gunn. August 13, 1818, by David Askins, Esq., Robert S. McMillen, to Jane Ellis. August 27th, 1818, by James M. Reed, Esq., Williani Moore, to Annie Askins. September 24, 1818, by David Askins, Esq., (Jriffltb Johnston to Ruth Patten. October 29, 1S18, by Rev. Samuel Hitt, Thomas Marmon to Peg gy Truitt. October 29, 1818, by Rev. John Gutridge, Richard Dickinson to Peggy Henry. November 17, 181s, by David Askins, p]sq., George F. Dunn to Isabella McGain. November 8, 1818, by Rev. Jno. Guthridge,* Stephen Marmon, to Mary Reed. December 1st, 1818, by Rev. John Gutridge, Siraon Kenton to Sallie Dowden. Jan. 7, 1819, by Israel Howell, Esq.,yGeorge Moots, Jr., to Mar garet Hall. February 1, 1819, by Bev. John Inskeep, David Norton to Eliza- Dunson. Deceraber 3, 1818, by Seneca Allen, .Justice of the Peace, Sara ael Vance to Catherine Arael. [Note — There seeras to be sorae raistake in these dates, one be ing Pebruar.v 1st, 1819, and the one following December 3d, 1818.] December 24, 1818, by Seneca Allen, .Justice of the Peace, James Wilkinson to Nancy Skinner. *,John Guthridge Whs a Baptist preaohHr. The abovf nami- was found on tlie record ju.st »¦¦> it is here. LOGAN COUNTIES. 265 December 24, 1818, by Seneca Allen, Justice of the Peace, Wil liam Wilson and Julia Hawley. December 25, 1818, by Seneca Allen, Justice of the Peace, Israel Smith and Mary Rees. January 7, 1819, by Seneca Allen, Justice of the Peace, Robert A. Forsyth and Almira Hull. January 10, 1819, by Seneca Allen, Justice of the Peace, Joshua Chappell and Annie Gunn. January 14, 1819, by Seneca Allen, Justice of the Peace, George Campbell and Sallie Skinner. February 2, 1819, by Seneca Allen, .Justice of the Peace, David Murphy and Elizabeth Carpenter. February 2, 1819, by Seneca Allen, Justice of the Peace, Mathias Gray and Sallie Carpenter. January 28, 1819, by Henry Robertson, Esq, William Davis to Mary Johnston. February 11, 1819, by Rev. Elias Vickers, James McGain to Polly Askins. March 25, 1819, by Rev. Elias Vickers, Robert McGain, to Nan cy McNay. February 2, 1819, by James M. Reed, Esq., Isaac Miller to Eliza beth McCloud. This certificate of marriage filed the 12th day of April, 1819, April 13, 1819, by James M. Reed, Esq., Henry HoutB to Betsy Frantz, February 1, 1819, by Rev. John Inskeep, Aaron Reams to Luna Zane. February 4, 1819, by Raphel Moore, Esq., John Askins to Polly McGain. April 21, 1819, by James M. Reed, Esq., William Fenil to Sallie Owen. June 24, 1819, by Wm.JEwin, Esq., Daniel Grubbsto Sallie Cain, June 17, 1819, by William Ewin, Esq., Samuel Curl to Catherine Smith, May 18, 1819, by James M. Reed, Esq., James Hill to Mary Ritchey, March IS, 1819, by Seneca Allen, Esq,, Daniel Murray to Abigail Ward. April 13, 1819, by the same, Thomas Turnall to Mary Stanton. 19 286 CHAMPAIGN AND April 12, 1819, by the same, Silas Lewis to Lydia Chelson, April 28, 1819, by the same, Soloraon Cross to Betsy Sawyer. May 20, 1819, by the sarae, George Marsh to Julia Varney. May 23, 1819, by John Gutridge, (Baptist preacher) Moses Beams to Mahaly Norton. March 11, 1819, by John Strange, (Methodist preacher,) Robert Casebolt to Hannah Davis. March 11, 1819, by Israel Howell, Esq,, Caleb Kearns to Eliza beth Marmon. September 9, 1819, by John Wilson, Esq,, Wm, Pierce to Sarah Ferstone, Septeraber 21, 1819, by Israel Howell, Esq,, Stephen Bratton to Elizabeth Lowe. October 28, 1819, by Rev. John Inskeep, Erasly Pope to Susan na Lundy. October 28, 1819, by Raphel Moore, Esq,, Nathan Cretcher to Sarah Pollock: December 14, 1819, by Rev. John Inskeep, Esq., Jesse Sharp to Rebecca Haines. November 4, 1819, by David Askins, Esq., William Moore to .Sarah Moore. February 24, 1820, by Jaraes Reed, Esq., John Blue to Mary Hobouch. January 24, 1820, by Wra. Ewin, Esq., John Bishop to Sallie Gar'yood. October 24, 1819, by Wra. Ewin, Esq,, Wm, Eaton to Sallie El- lender, October 24, 1819, by Wm, Ewin, Esq,, Robert Rea to Mary Grubbs, February 21, 1820, by John Garwood, Esq., Job Garwood to Lydia Gregg. February 24, 1820, by Jas, M, Reed, Esq., Simeon Monroe to Polly Hale. March 3, 1820, by David Askins, Esq., Joseph Pollock to Martha Connel. April 6, 1820, by David Askins, Esq., Solomon Hobouch to Sarah Castile, March 9, 1820, by Benjamin Lane, James BuUer to Obedience Patterson. LOGAN COUNTIES. 267 April 8, 1820, by James M. Reed, Esq , Henry McPherson to Annie Smith. March 13, 1820, by James M. Reed, Esq., Nathaniel Dodge to Betsy Workman. July 15, 1820, by James M. Reed, Efeq,, Joseph Tenary to Zellah McCoiloch, July 25, 1820, by Wm, Ewin, Esq., Geo. Linkswell to Margaret Hill. July 28, 1820, by Wm. Ewin, Esq., John Ballinger to Mary In skeep. July 15, 1820, by James Reed, Esq., Daniel Colvin to Nancy Hill. August 1, 1820, by Joseph McBeth, Esq., Orin Hubbard to Mar garet Craig. October 14, 1820, by Joseph McBeth, Esq., John McGhee to Eliz abeth Stuart. November 6, 1820, by Israel Howell, Esq., Samuel Robertson to Polly McNeal. October 14, 1820, by Wm. Ewin, Esq., Isaac Sparks to Martha Ballinger. October 14, 1820, by William Euans, Esq., Josiah Bayless and Hannah Curl, Deceraber 6, 1820, by Rev. John Inskeep, Job Inskeep and Sallie Sharp, October 26, 1820, by Israel Howell, Esq,, John McNeil to Elenor Herring. December 6, 1820, by Henry Robertson, Esq., Samuel Blagg and Catharine Kelly. December 18, 1820, by David Askins, Esq., Jaraes Campbell and Betsy More, December 20, 1820, by John Garwood, Esq,, Daniel Ray and Scidmond, January 25, 1821, by John Garwood, Esq,, Allen Rea and Mariah Bishop, February 14, 1821, by David Askins, Esq., John McGain and Betsy Leper, February 15, 1821, by David Askins, Esq,, Wm. Campbell and Ann Moore. March 14, 1821, by David Askins, Esq., Thomas Moore and Re becca Makemson. 268 CHAMPAIGN AND March 8, 1821, by Jaraes Reed, Esq., Robert Pshaw an Betsy Carter. March 23, 1821, by Henry Robertson, Esq., Joshua Robertson to Rachel Willets. May 29, 1821, by Wra. Scott, Esq., John Hall and Pamelia Lee. April 2, 1821, by John Freeman, Esq., William Wilkison and Jane Strange. April 14, 1821, by David Askins, Esq., Frederick Bailor and Elizabeth Craig. April 16, 1821, by Rev. ,Iohn Inskeep, Esq., Uriah McKinny and Nancy Star. May 29, 1821, by Wra. Scott, Esq., John Underwood and Nancy Hitt. June 3, 1821, by Rev. .John Inskeep Henr,y Cain and Rachel Mendenhall. POLL BOOKS OF THE SEVERAL TOWNSHIPS OF CHAMPAIGN COUNTY, GIVING A RECORD OF THE NAMES OP ELECTORS AT FIRST ELECTON, OCTO BER 8, 1811. Urbana Township, Poll Book of the township of Urbana, in the county of Cham paign, on the eighth day of October, in the year of our Lord, one thousand eight hundred and eleven. Zephaniah Luce, Williara Stevens, and William Glenn, Judges, and Joseph Hedges and Daniel Helmick, Clerks of this Election, were severally sworn, as the law directs, pi evious to their entering on the auties of their respective offices. NUMBER AND NAME OF ELECTORS. 1. Lawrence White, 44. Nathaniel Morrow, 2. Joseph Gordon, 46. John Rigdon, 3. William H. Fyffe, 46. John Huston, 4. Sarauel McCord, 47. Alexander Allen, 6. George Hunter, 48. Joseph Ford, 6, James Robinson, 49. John Williams, 7. Benjamin Doolittle, 50. Britton Lovett, 8. Nathaniel Pinkard, 61, James Askin, 9. Daniel Helmick, §2, James McGill, 10. George Fithian, .53. Jacob Arney, 11. Joseph Hedges, 64. Hugh Gibbs, 12. Zephaniah Luce, 55. James Dallas, 13. William Glenn, 56. Samuel Hoge, 270 CHAMPAIGN AND 14, John Gilraore, 57, Thonias West, 15. John McCord, 58. Nicholas Carpenter, 16. Wm. Stevens, 59. John White, 17. Anthony Patrick, 60. John Glenn, 18, Henry Bacon, 61. John Largent, 19. Simon Kenton, 62. Daniel Largent, 20. David W. Parkison, 63. Jacob Pence, 21. Nathan Fitch, 64, Curtis M. Thorapson, 22. Frederick Arabrose, 65, Andrew Richards, 23. Wm. Powell, 66. Job Cleraons, 24. Jacob Slagal, 67. Timothy Giffert, 25. Jaraes Fithian, 68. Sanford Edmonds, 26. David Moody, 69. Thomas Moore, 27. Daniel Harr, 70. John Rhodes, 28. Isaac Robinson, 71. Alexander McCumpsey, 29. Edward W. Pierce, 72. Robert Noe, 30. John Thorapson, 73. John Ford, 31.- John Thoraas, 74. Francis Stevenson, 32, John Schryock, 75. Robert Taber, 33, Jaraes Wilkison, 7«. John Frazel, 34. Enos Thomas, 77, Tolson Ford, 35, Isaac Shockey, 78, Thoraas Ford, 36. William Bridge, 79, Job Gard, 37. Jghn Reynolds, 80. Jaraes Davidson, 38. John A. Ward, 81, Sarauel Clifton, 39. John Trewett, 82. John Stewart, 40. Wm. Largent, 83, Thoraas Trewett, 41. Wm. Rhodes, 84, Benj. Nichols, 42. Joseph Ayers, Sen., 85. John Fitcher, 43. Allen Oliver, 86. Joseph Pence, 87. Nelson Largent. It is by us certified that the number of electors at this election iran unts to eighty-seven. Attest : Zephaniah Luce, ¦ Joseph Hedges, ,„ , Daniel Helmick, J ^'¦«'««- William Stevens, Judge*. William Glenn, J LOGAN COUNTIES. 271 Madriver Township. Poll Book of the election held in the township of Madriver,in the county of Champaign, on the eighth day of October, A. D,, one thousand eight hundred and eleven ; David Bayles, Nathan Dar nall, and Peter Bruner, Judges, and James Montgomery and Wm, Nicholson, Clerks of the election, were severally sworn as the law directs, previous to their entering on the duties of their respective offices. NUMBER AND NAME 1 OF ELECTORS. 1. Wm. Weaver, Sen. 29. Wm. Weaver, Jr., 2. John Kain, 30. George Glass, 3. Archibald McKinley, 31. Boswell Darnall, 4. Elijah Standiford, 32. Henry Steinberger, 6. Wm. West, 33. Owen Ellis, 6. Thoraas Grafton, 34. Ezekiel Boswell, 7. Levi Rouze, 35. Daniel Davis, 8. Peter Bruner, 36. Henry Boswell, 9. Nathan Darnall, 37. Henry Pence, 10. Isaac Lansdale, 38. John Steinberger, 11. Sampson Kelly, 39. Hiram Co tteral. 12. Isaac Myers, 40. John Logan, Jr,, 13. James Grafton, 41. George Wickum, 14. James Montgomery, 42. George Boswell, IS. Wm. Nicholson, 43. George Wilson, 16. John Beaty, 44. David Janes, 17. Gershora Gard, 46, Andrew Davis, Sen., 18. Jacob Conklin, 46, John Taylor, 19. Elijah Ross, 47, Anderson Davis, Jr., 20. Wm. Ross, Sen., 48, John Bayles, 21, John Brown, 49. John Pence, 22, John Rouze, 50, Peter Sraith, 23, Wm. Baggs, 61, David Beaty, 24. John Baggs, 62, Shadrach D, Northcutt, 25. James Baggs, 58. John S. Berry, 272 CHAMPAIGN AND 26. Reuben McSherry, 54, Miller Gillespy, 27. Alexander Brown, 66, Abraham Shockey, 28. Joseph Dilts, 66. Samuel Pence, 67. David Bayles, It is by us certified that the number of electors at this election, amounts to fifty -seven. Attest : ) Peter Bbuneb, ) Judges W. NicHOifiON, y Olerki. Nathan Darnall V of Jas. Montgomery, J David Bayxes, ] Election. LOGAN COUNTIES. 27$ Union Township. Poll Book of the election held in the township of Union, in the county of Champaign, on the eighth day of October, 1811. John Gutridge, Sen., Joseph McLain, Jacob Minturn, Benjamin Cheney and John Owen, Clerks of this election, were ieverally sworn as the law directs, previous to their entering on the duties of their respective offices, number and NAME OF BLECTOE8. 1. Hiram M. Curry, 35, David Marsh, 2, Wesley Hathaway, 36, Thomas Pearce, Jr., 3. Jacob Minturn, 37. Obed Ward, 4, John Price, 38. James Maryfield, 5, Soloraon Scott, 39. Emraanuel Maryfield 6, John Sayre, 40, Alexander Ross, 7. John Lafferty, 41, Jaraes Lowry, 8. Jonathan Brown, 42, Stephen Runyon, 9. Alexander McOorkle, 43. Allen Minturn, 10. John Ross, 44. William Valentine, 11. Isaac Tucker, 46. Daniel Jones, 12, Jesse Gutridge, 46, Richard Runyon, 13, Joseph McLain, 47, Daniel Neal, 14. John Gutridge, Sen,, 48, John Neal, 15, Moses Gutridge, 49. Justus Jones, 16, James Walker, 50. John Elefrits, 17. Paul Huston, 51. Henry Vanmeter, 18, Isaac Titsworth, 52. William Ray, 19, John Kelly, 53. Ebenezer Cheney, 20, Barton Minturn, 54, John Clark, 21. Charles Harrison, 55, Richard Carbus, 22, James McLain, 56, James Owen, 23, Abner Barritt, 57, Adara Rhodes, 24, Philip Miller, 58, Francis Owen, 25, Adam Miller, 59, Jeremiah Tucker. 26, John Owen, 60, William Cheney, 274 CHAMPAIGN AND 27. William Kelly, 38. Benjamin Cheney, 29, Israel Marsh, 30. Gabriel Briant, SI. David Vance, 82. Abijah Ward, 33, Enoch Sargeant, 34, Joseph Cumraons, It is by us certified, that amounts to sixty-eight. Attest: 1 Benjamin Chenet !¦ Cltrkt. John OtrEN, J 61. James Mitchel, 62. David Osburn, 63. Thomas Pearce, Sen. 64. John Runyon, 65. Thomas Sayre, 66. Daniel Baker, 67. Jacob Rees, 68. George Sergeant. the number of electors at this election John Gwtkidgb, ] Jacob Mintuhn > Judgtt. JoaBfH McLain J LOGAN COUNTIES. 275 Concord Township. Poll Book of the election held in Concord township, iu the county -Of Champaign, on the eighth day of October, A. D., one thousand eight hundred and eleven. Sarapson Talbot, Thoraas Stretch and Joseph Hill, Judges, Williara Stretch and Daniel Jackson, Clerks ofthis election, were severally sworn as the law directs, previous to their entering on the duties of their respective offices. number and name of electors. 1. 2.8,4.5.6. 7.8.9. 10.11. 12.13. 14. 16. 16. 17. Phelix Rock, 18. Silas Johnston, 19. Adam Wise, 20. George Faulkner, 21. Philip C. Kenton, 22. James Johnston, 23. Philip Coamer, 24. Walker Johnston, 25. Archibald McGrew, Sen. 26. Christian Stevens, 27. William Kenton, Jr., 28. James McLaughlin, 29. Mark Kenton, 30. Elija T. Davis, 31. Ezekiel A. Smith, 32. Sampson Talbot, 83. 34. Joseph Hill, Williara Stretch, Daniel Jackson, Robert Blaney, Jacob Sarver, Samuel Mitchell, Sen. Joel Fuson, Abraham Custor, William Custor, Isaac Custor, Mathew McGrew, James Mitchell, Thoraas Kenton, Thomas Daniel, Samuel Smith, Marcus Clark, Benjamin Line, Thomas Stretch, 36. Joseph Hurings. We do hereby certify that the number of electiirs at this election amounts to thirty-five. Attest: William Stretch, Dan'l Johnston, Clerks. Sampson Talbott, l Thomas Stretch, V Judges. JosBPH Hill, J 276 CHAMPAIGN AND Salem Township. Poll Book ofthe election held in the township of Salem, in the county of Charapaign, on the eighth day of October, A. D., one thousand eight hundred and eleven. Joseph Petty, John McAd ams and Mathew Stewart, Judges, and David Parkison and Joseph Vance, Clerks of this election, were severally sworn as the law directs, previous to their entering on the duties of their respective offices. number and name of electors. 1. Allen Galent, 24. Jesse Johnston, 2. John Galent, 26. Samuel Gibbs, 3. Francis Thomas, 26. William Powell, 4. Joseph Petty, 27. Christopher Wood, 5. John McAdams, 28. Jaraes Williams, 6. Mathew Stewart, 29. John Thomas, 7. John Vance, 30. Jacob Leonard, 8. Michael Whisman, 31. Abraham Powell, 9. Joseph Vance, 32. Joseph Duncan, 10. David Parkison, 33, David Brown, 11. John Taylor, 34. Randle Largent, 12. James Porter, 35. John Williams, 13. Arthur Thomas, 36. Jeremiah Bowen, 14. John Symraes, 37. George Leonard, 15. William Waukob, 38. John Reed, 16. James Brown, 39. Jonathan Long, 17. Archibald Stewart, 40. Joseph Reynolds, 18. Ezekiel Petty, 41, Philip Huffman, 19. Bernard Coon, 42. Joseph Wilkison, 20. William Riddle, 43. Thomas Wilkison, 21. John Davis, 44. Michael Instine, 22. Job Martin, 45. James Turner, 23. Henry Davis, 46. Robert McFarland. It is by us certified that the number of electors at this election is forty-six. Attest : Joseph Petty, ) John M' Adamb, [ Judges. Mathew Stewart J David Parkison, \ fi;,^^. Joa lEPH Vance, J LOGAN COUNTIES. 277 Wayne Township, Poll Book of the election held in the township of Wayne, county of Champaign, on the eighth day of October, A. D., one thousand eight hundred and eleven. Abraham Hughes, Nathan Norton and John Paxton, Judges, and Basil Noel and Wesley Hughes, Clerks of this election, were severally sworn as the law directs, previous to their entering upon their respective duties. number and name of blkctobs. Reuben Paxton, Abraham Hughes, William Tharp, William Fagan, Joshua Jones, John Black, John Richardson, John Ballinger, John Barrett, Daniel Reed, John Bowlman, John Devoore, Isaac Hughes, Henry Williams, Abner Tharp, 31. It is hereby certified amounts to thirty-one. 1. 2.3.4. 5.6. 7. 8. 9. 10.11. 12.13. 14.15. 16. John Paxton, 17. John Sutton, 18. Gray Gary, 19. Nathan Norton, 20. William Williams, 21. Basil Noel, 22. Wesley Hughes, 23. John Thomas, 24. Nathan Tharp, 25. Andrew Grubbs, 26. John Bowlman, Sen., 27. Otho Johnson, 28. Benjamin Lee, 29. Solomon Tharp, 30. Jacob Paxton. William Pickrell. the number of electors at this election attest: Basil Noel, Wbslbt Huohes, Clerki. John Paxton, Abraham Hughes, Nathan Norton SB, \ 1 ' Judges of Eletiitit, POLL BOOKS OF TOWNSHIPS OF LOGAN COUNTY, GIVING THE NAMES OF THEIR RESPECTIVE ELECTORS AT THEIR FIRST ELECTIONS. Zane Township, Poll Book of the election held in the township of Zane, in the county of Charapaign, (now Logan), on the second Tuesday of October, A, D,, one thousand eight hundred and eleven, Solomon McCoiloch, Daniel Garwood and Matthias Williams, Judges, and Joseph Euans and Thomas Davis, Clerks of this election, were severally sworn, as the law directs, previous to their entering on the duties of their respective offices. This election for one Rep resentative to the Stale and one County Commissioner, NUMBER AND NAME OP ELECTORS, Conrad Moots, William A, McNeal, Isaac Titsworth, Williara Southard, Richmond Marmon, Nicholas Pickrell, Charles Moots, Samuel Hurd, Edmond Marmon, John Shelby, Robert Smith, 1, William McCoiloch, 15. 2, James Monroe, 16. 3, Christopher Smith, 17. 4, Daniel Garwood, 18, 5, Matthias Williams, 19, 6, Soloraon McCoiloch, 20, 7. George McCoiloch, 21, 8. Joseph Euans, 22. 9, Thomas Davis, 23. 10, David Marmon, Sen., 24. 11. William Davis, 26, LOGAN COUNTIES, 279 12, John Marmon, 26. John McCoy, 13. Robert Marmon, 27. David Marmon, Jr., 14. Joshua Sharp, 28. Jacob Patterson. It is hereby certified that the number of electors at this election amounts to twenty-eight. Joseph Euans, 1 rii,„i,, Solomon McColloch, ") Thos. Davis, J ^'•'^''*- Daniel Gar-vtood, \ Judges. Matthias Williams, J 280 CHAMPAIGN AND Harrison Township. Poll Book, ofthe election held in the township of Harrison, in the county of Logan, on the sixth day ot April, A. D. one thousand eight hundred and eighteen. Jaraes Mcllvain, Archibald Moore and John Dunn, Judges and John Askren and Hugh Newell Clerks, of this election, were severally sworn, as the law directs, previous to their entering on the duties of their respective offices. NUMBER AND NAME OP ELECTORS. 1. David Kirkwood, 12. 2. John Kirkwood, 13. 3. James McClanahan, 14. 4. John G. Mcllvain, 15. 5. James McNay, 16. 6. John McNay, 17, 7, Robert Crockett, 18, 8. William Wall, 19. 9. Samuel Cartmell, 20. 10. David Askren, 21. 11. John Dunn, 22. Archibald Moore, John Askren, Robert Braden, Hugh Newell, Moses Mcllvain, Joseph Pollock, John McDaniel, Abner Snoddy, James Wall, John Wall, John Mcllvain. It is hereby certified that the nuraber of electors at this election amounts to twenty-two. Attest. John Askren, ) rn„,..i. Hugh Nb-well, j ^''^^¦ Jambs McIlyain, John Dunn, Archibald Moore, 't J^udges. LOGAN COUNTIES. 281 Lake Township. Poll Book, of the election held in the township of Lake, in the county of Champaign, now Logan, on the eighth day of October, A, D,, eighteen hundred and eleven, Thomas Baird, Samuel Black and William Moore, Judges, and Samuel Mcllvain and Hugh Newell, Clerks of this election, were severally sworn as the law directs, previous to entering on the duties of their respective offices. NUMBER AND NAME OF ELECTORS, Martin Shields, John McDonald, Archibald Moore, James Mcllvain, John Beard, William McCloud, Samuel Shields, William McDonald, John Lewis, Samuel Newell, Benjamin Cox, James McPherson, Thomas Beard, Joseph Cox, William Connel, James Workman, John Stevenson, Robert Moore, John Schooler, Phillip Mathews, Sen, Charles Johnson, Henry Mathews, Charles Schooler, Samuel Black, Hugh Newell, Samuel Mcllvain, 20 1, William Bold, 34. 2, James Hill, 36. 3, John McPherrin, 36. 4, Elijah States, 37. 5, Isaae Miller, 38. 6, David Matthews, 39. 7, William Haines, 40. 8, Joseph Crowzan, 41. 9, George Moore, 42. 10. William Kirkwood, 43, 11, Abner Snoddy, 44. 12. Daniel Workman, Sen. 46. 13. William Hann, 46. 14. John Moore, 47. 15. David Kirkwood, 48. 16. Thomae Newell, 49. 17. John Lodwick, 50. 18. William McCaw, SI. 19. James Cooper, 62. 20. Thomas Dullson, 63. 21. James McClanahan, 54. 22. William Moore, 55. 23. David Askren, 66. 24. William Lee, .57. 26. flattest Mayvil, .58. 26. John Tullis, Jr., 59. CHAMPAIGN AND 27. Samuel McDonald, 28. Samuel Tidd, 29. Phillip Mathews, Jr., 30. Robert Porter, 31 . Robert Dickson , 32. John TuULs, Sen., 33. James Bonner, 67. It is by us certified that the number of electors at this election amounts to sixty -seven. 60. James Moore, 61. Daniel M. Workman, 62, John Workman, 68, John H. Moore, 64. Phillip Hoahaw, 66. William Cummins, 66. Jeremiah Stansbury, n Fewell. Attest: Samuel McIlvain, > ,-,;,„;,. Hugh Newell, | ^'^'^'"¦ Thomas Baird, ¦) Judges Samuel Black, J- of Wm. Moore, Election. LOGAN COUNTIES, 383 Zane Township. Poll Book of tho election held in Zane township, Logan county, the sixth day of April, A, D,, one thousand eight hundred and eighteen, Daniel Garwood, John Warner and Joseph Stokes, Judges, and Levi Garwood and John Inskeep, Clerks of the elec tion, were sworn as the'law directs, previous to their entering on the duties of their respective offices, NUMBER AND NAME OF ELECTORS, 1. Joshua, Cain, 37. David Marmon, Sen, 2, Wm. Eaton, 38, Jaraes Robertson, 3. Job Sharp, 39. Abel Thoraas, 4. Samuel Curl, 40. Sarauel Hatcher, 5, Daniel Garwood, 41. Edraond Marmon, 6. Joel Stratten, 42. Wm. Euans, 7. Levi Inskeep, 43. John Inskeep, 8. John D. Elbert, 44, Wm, P, Sharp, 9. Joseph Stratten, 46. Job Sharp, Sen. 10. Enoch Sraith, 46. Isaac Jaraes, 11. Jose Garwood, 47. Josiah Outland, 12. Job Garwood, 48. Benjamin Smith, 13. Walter Marshal, 49. Peter Marraon, 14. William Sharp, 50. Jonathan Williams, 15. Caleb Ballinger, 51. David Marmon, Jr., 16. Benajah Williams, 52, Nicholas Pickrel, 17. Isaac B. Dillon, 53, Moses Euans, 18. Joseph Stokes, 54. Joseph Euans, 19, John Williams, 56. Giles Norton, 20, Jesse Sharp, 56. Samuel Curl, Jr., 21, John Sharp, Jr, , 57. William Grubs, 22, Jesse Downs, 58. Enoch Shirp, 23, Charles Curl, 69, Joshua Inskeep, 24, Matthias Williams, 60, James Hatcher, 25. Job Inskeep, 61, Isaac Hatcher, 26. Simeon Smith, 62, David Thomas, 284 CHAMPAIGN AND 27, Samuel Ballinger, 28, James Edwards, 29, Joshua Sharp, 30, Judge Garwood, 31, Christopher Smith, 32, Caleb Stratten, 33, Henry Seaman, 34. Samuel Hendrick, 35. John Marmon, 36. John Warner, 73 It is by us certified that amounted to seventy-three. Attest Levi Gar-wood John Inskeep, :•} Clerks. 63. 64. Joseph Curl, Sen., Daniel Stokes, 66,66, 67. Isaac Sharp, Jonah Bishop, John Garwood, 68. Thomas James, 69. 70, Allen Sharp, Carlisle Haines, 71. Thomas Seegar, 72, Job Sharp, John Sharp, e number of electors at this election Daniel Garwood, " John Warne" Joseph Stokes, Judges. LOGAN COUNTIES, 285 Lake Township. Poll book of election held in the township of Lake, in the county of Logan, and State of Ohio, in the town of Belleville, A, D, one thousand eight hundred and eighteen, Thomas Baird, Joseph Peach and William Powell, Judges, and George Krouskop and John Askren, Clerks of this election were severally sworn as the law directs, previous to their entering on the duties of their respect ive offices. NUMBER AND NAME OF KLBCTORS, 1. James M, Reed, 67, Oliver C. Blalock, 2. Isaac Miller, 68= Levi D. Tharp, 3. William Johnson, 69. Nathaniel Crutcher, 4. John Colvin, 70. Williara Coddington, 5, John Tucker, 71. Simeon Ransbottom, 6, John Tullis, sen. 72. Joseph Haynes, 7, William McKinney, 73. John N. Gluer, 8, Joseph Gordon, 74. Thomas, Colvin, 9, James Binley, 75. Daniel Vance, 10, James McClenaghan, 76. Daniel Purdy, 11, William Haines, 77, George Blalock, 12. Thomas Haines, 78. Michael Waggoner, 13. Moses Mcllvain, 79. John McDonald, 14. William Carroll, 80. James Wall, 15. Archibald Moore, 81. George Krouskop, 16. David Jones, 82. Robert Doty, 17. Henry Shaw, 83. James Wall, sen. 18. Thomas Newell, 84. Joseph Kirkwood, 19. James Mcllvain, 85. Joseph Bowen, 20. David Kirkwood, 86. Sylvanus Morehouse, 21. Isaac Southerland, 87. Joseph Cummins, 312. Joseph Wilson, 88. John Holmes, 23. William Kirkwood, 89. John Tinnia, 24. Samuel Shielda, 90. John Wood, 26. Joseph Coddington, 91. John Enoch, 286 CHAMPAIGN AND 26, James Largent, 92. David McNay, 27, John G, Mcllvain, 93, , John Crawford, 28, James McPherson, 94. John Hall, 29. William McBeth, 96, James Leper, 30, John Wall, 96, Williara Gray, 31, John Newell, 97. John Shelby, 32, David Askren, 98. Obadiah, Howell, 33. Stephen Hoyt, 99, Jesse Gale, 34. Williara Moore, 100, Hezekiah Wilcox, 35. Robert Moore, 101, Joseph Peach, 36. Williara Wall, 102. Williara Powell, 37. Joseph Alexander, 103. Thomas Baird, 38. John Gunn, 104, William White, 39. William Adams, 105, Justice Edwards, 40. Sarauel Newell, 106. Daniel M. Brown, 41. Sarauel Wilsou, 107. William Davis, 42. Jacob Powell, 108. John Cochran, 43, George F, Dunn, 109, Samuel .Carter, 44, Robert Newell, 110. Daniel Workman, 46. Raphael Moore, Ill, Martin Dewitt, 46. Samuel Moore, jr. 112, Ransford Hoyt, 47, John Dunn, 113. Alexander McGarvy, 48, Joel Sraith, 114, John Moore, 49, Daniel Workman, sen. 116. James Hill, 50, Abner Snoddy, 116. Benjamin Vickers, 51, Patrick Watson, 117, Charles 0, Wolpers, 52, Jacob Foster, 118, Abraham Sager, .53, Joseph Smith, 119, Samuel Covington, 54- William McCloud, 120, John Askren, 55, John Lodwick, 121. Samuel Hathaway, 56. John Peach, 122, Thomas Thompson, 57, John Naglee, 123, Isaac Clemens, 58, George Countner, 124, Thomas Powell, 59, Thomas Clark, 125. William Davis, 60. Christopher Wood, 126, David King 61. Robert Porter, 127, Emraanuel Rost, 62. J«hn McBeth, 128, Ross Thomas, 63. Thomas Garwood, 129, Hugh Newell, S4, Isaac Myers, 130, Almon Hopkins, 65, Merida Blalock, 131, Jeremiah Stansberry, LOGAN COUNTIES, 287 66, John Tullis, jr, 132. Robert Crockett. It is by us certified that the number of electors at this election amounts to one hundred and thirty-two. Attest: Josiph P«ach, ) Gborok Krouskop, 1 ,-q,^i„ Thouas Baird, \ Judgtt. John Askrbn, | ^^'^'"- Wm. Powbll, J CHAMPAIGN AND Jefferson Township. Poll Book of the election held in the township of Jefferson, in the eounty of Logan, on the 14th day of March, A, D, one thousand eight hundred and eighteen, William McBeth, Martin Marmon and Robert Smith, Judges, and John N, Gluer and Samuel Newell, Clerks, who were severally sworn, as the law directs, previous to their entering on the duties of their respective offices. NUMBER AND NAME OF ILBCTORS. 1. 2.8. 4. 5, 6.7. 8.9. 10. 11, 12, 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19.20. 21. 22. 23. 24, 26,26, David Askren, 97. Layton Pollock, 98. Joseph McBeth, 69. Michael Waggoner, 100. Benjamin Ellis, 101. Jacob Packston, 102, John Williaras, 103. John Walla, 104. William Walls, 105. Bradford Hale, 106. Henry Shaw, 107. Moses Brown, 108. James Moore, 109, Jaraes Mcllvain, 110. William Moore, jr. 111. Robert Doaty, 112, Daniel Workman, sen, 113. Jonathan Williams, 114. William Williams, 115. Thomas Provolt, 116. James Butler, 117. Tobias Waggoner, 118. John Pickerell, 119. Abner Snoddy, 120. Philip Hocket, 121. George Krouskop, 122. Wiliara Moore, John Brown, Henry Matthews, George Moore, Lanson Curtis, Benjarain Vickers, James Monroe, Moses Reams, Jesse Stansbury, Isaac Zane, jr. Benjamin Smith, Caleb Reams, Abner Tharp, Benjamin Watkins, Williara Haines, William Hatfield, John Ritchy, David Ray, Ayles Reams, Thomas Dunston, Joseph Coddington, Henry Seaman, Jacob Patterson, David Jones, Joseph Willson, Simeon Ransbottom, LOGAN COUNTIES. 289 27. John Marraon, 123. 28. John Packston, 124. 29. Nicholas Stilwell, sen. 125. 30. John G, Mcllvain, 120. 31. Samuel Scott, 127. 32. William Pierson, 128. 33. Jonathan Pierson, 129. 34. Jesse Gail, 130. 35. Samuel Lundy, 131. 36. John Pickerell, jr. 132, ¦37. Giles Norton, 133. 38. Jaraes Walls, jr. 134. 39. Charles Moots, jr. 135. 40. Josiah Outland, 136. 41. John Walls, jr. 137. 42. Obadiah Williaras, 138. 43. Williara Porter, 1^. 44. Williara Moore, sen. 140. 45. Samuel Shields, 141. 46. David Marmon, 142. 47. John Colyer, 143. 48. Samuel Willson, 144. 49. Stephen Reed, 146. 50. Thomas Moore, 146. 51. Patrick McFall, 147. 52. James Walls, 148. 53. Joseph Creveston, 149. 54. George Moots, sen. 150. 55. Jonathan Reeves, 161. 56. David Kirkwood, 152. 57. Thomas Steward, 153. 68. John Smith, 154. 59. Jervis Dougherty, 155. 60. James Binley, 156. 61. Samuel McDannel, 167. 62. Abner Cox, 158. «3. Henry Williams, 159. 64. Isam Hyatt, 160. 65. Joseph Kirkwood, 161. 66. James Shaw, 162. Levi Tharp, Ebenezer McDannel, ,Iesse Willets, Isaac Willets, William Stanfield, Nicholas Robertson, .loseph Peach, Christopher Piper, Samuel Robertson, John Tullis, sen. Jacob Foster, Emsly Pope, Martin Dewitt, William Ireland, Joseph Gordon, Justice Edwards, Sarauel Hanes, Lewis Coon, William Woods, Nathaniel Pope, William McDannel, Enoch Sraith, Samuel Hatcher, Joshua Sharp, Martin Flougherty, George F. Dunn, Phillip Matthews, Edmond Marraon, George Matthews, Martin Shields, John Askren, John Bun, John Schooler, Richard Dickinson, William Coddington, Joseph Sraith, Joseph Brown, George Henry, Benjamin Schooler, John Dunn, 290 CHAMPAIGN AND 67, John Means, 163, 68, Stephen Leice, 164, 69. Nicholas Stilwell, 165. 70. Christian Smith, 166. 71. Sarauel Carter, 167. 72. Jaraes Leper, 168. 73. Joseph Pollock, 169. 74, Peter Marmon, 170, 75, Samuel Colyer, 171. 76, Oliver C. Blaylock, 172, 7T, Samuel Marmon, 173. 78. William Reams, 174. 79. Samuel Firestone, 175. 80. Joseph Alexander, 176. 81. William McBeth, 177. 82. Daniel Butler, 178. 83. Sarauel Curl, 179. 84. Peter Marraon, sen. 180. 85, John Tucker, 181, 86, John Peach, 182. 87. Thoraas Haner, 183. 88. David Shields, 184. 89. Steward Hatfield, 185. 90. John McBeth, 186, 91. John Packston, jr. 187. 92. Daniel McCoy, 188. 93. Michael Queen, 189. 94. Phineas Corwin, 19». 95. Peter Provolt, 191, 96, John Willson, 192, David Norton, Thomas Rearas, John McDannel, William Powell, Williara Carter, Thoraas Colvin, Robert Bradin, George Green, Samuel Starbuck, Thomas Newell, William Green, Sylvanus Moorehouse, James Watkins, William Carrol, Joseph Dickinson, jr, David McNay, John Provolt, Joseph Euans, Jeremiah Reams, Alexander McGary, Robert Marmon, William Douglas, Robert S. McMillen, James Ellis, Richmond Marmon , Alexander Long, John Stephenson, John Stephenson, John Enoch, Job Sharp, It is hereby certified that the number of electors at this election amounts to one hundred and ninety-two. Attest: John N. Glubr, Samuil Newell, Cltrki. Wm. McBeth, ) Martin Marmou > J'udgtt. EoEBRT Smith, J LOGAN COUNTIES, 291 Union Township. Poll Book of the election commenced and held at the house ef John Dunn, in the township of Union, and county of Logan, for the purpose of electing one Justice of the Peace, on the first Mon day of April, eighteen hundred and twenty-one. John Dunn, Thomas Baird, and Hezekiah Wilcox, Judges, G, F. Dunn and John Askren, Clerks, who were severally sworn previous to their entering on their respective offices, NUMBER AND NAME OP ELECTORS. 1, John Enoch, 31. Wm. Wall, 2, John G. Mcllvain, 32. Enoch Sargent, 3, James Mcllvain, 33. Raphael Moore, 4, David Kirkwood, 34. Thomas Clarke, 6, Wm. Campbell, 35. Robert Newell, Jr. 6, Thomas Newell, 36. Adam Rhodes, 7, Hiram M. White, -s/. Wm. McBeth, 8, William Kirkwood, 38. Henry Secrest, 9, John Dunn, 39. Abner Snoddy, 10. William Gray, 40. G. F. Dunn, 11. Wm. George, 41. Vachel Blaylock, 12, Robert Clark, 42. Peter Stip, 13, John Hall, 43. David Askren, 14, James Wall, Jr. 44. Jonathan W. Fyffe, 15. James Campbell, 45. James Craig, IS. Archibald Moore, 46. Thomas Baird, 17. Robert Moore, 47. John Wall, 18. Robert Newell, Sen. 48. Joseph Hohmes. 19. James Wall, Sen. 49. Wm. Ireland, 20. Alex. Burnsides, 60. John H. Hopkins, 21. James Cartmell, 61. Hezekiah Wilcox, 22. John Henson, 52. Joseph McBeth, 23. Thomas Parkison, 53. Samuel Shields, 24. Peyton Crocket, 64. Wm. Kenton, 25. Francis Purdy, ^ 55. Samuel Newell, 292 CHAMPAIGN AND 26. GJeorge Hobaugh, 27. Andrew Gray, 28. Benjamin Wall, 29. Josiah Hall, 30, Garret Wall, 56, John McCoUoeh, 57, Wm, Laughlin, 58, John Shelby, 69, Samuel Moore, 60, John Askren, It is hereby certified that the number of electors at this election amounts to sixty. Attest. G. F. Dunn, John Askren, 1 Clerk. Hezekiah Wilcox, " John Dunn, Thomas Baird, Jtidget. LOGAN COUNTIES, 293 Miami Township, Poll book of the election held in the township of Miami, in the county of Logan, on the thirteenth day of October, A, D., one thousand eight hundred and eighteen. William Dowden, John Schooler, John Means, Judges and Pal rick McFall, John Patton, Clerks of the election, were severally sworn as the law directs, previous to their entering on the duties of their respective offices. NUMBER ANDSnAME OF ELECTORS, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,6.7, William More, Thomas Makemson, Phillip Mathews, Jr. George More, Sen. Thomas Provolt, Benjamin Schooler, John Makemson, James More, Henry Mathews, John Turner. Francis Patton, Robert Alexander, Shepherd Patton, Griffith Johnson, John Manin, It is by us certified that the amounts to thirty. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. Attest: Patrick McFall, John Patton, Clerks. 16, David Archer, 17, William More, Sen, 18, James Shaw, 19. John Parrish, 20. John Wilson, 21. John Means, 22, .lohn More, 23, William Dowden, 24. John Schooler, 26. George More, Jr. 26. Patrick McFall, 27. John Patton, 28. John Penner, 29. Christian Smith, 30, Sarauel Firestone, number of electors at this election. John Schooler, 1 William Do-wden }¦ Judges. John Means, J CONCORD TOWNSHIP. BT T. S. MCFARLAND. In the year 1818 the above township was taken frora Madriver— or raore properly all of tl le present limits of Concord were included in Madriver, from the fact perhaps that the population north of the present line of the two townships was too scattering to warrant a separate organization. Consequently, in 1818 the authorities that be, formed what was then and ever after remained, without varia tion of lines. Concord township. As far as can be ascertained, Jo seph Hill, the father-in-law of Jas, D. Powell, was the first perma nent settler bf the township. In 1801 he moved on the farm now owned by Mr. Powell. At the time of his removal to the farm, Isaac Anderson was on what afterwards proved to be the Hill farm. But the lines not falling in " pleasant places " to him, he was compelled to leave his improveraents. One or two years later Samson Talbott came to the farm now owned by his son Pres- ly Talbott, and was for many years a Justice of the Peace both for Madriver and Concord townships. Adam Wise was also among the early pioneers and was the grandfather of James Stevens of Kingston. Mr. Wise lived on the farm of Oliver Taylor. As early as 1806 James Mitchell, Sen,, moved with his faraily to the farra now occupied by James John son's heirs. He was the father of James, John and Samuel Mitch el, each becoraing a permanent settler in the neighborhood of Northville, In 1809 Joseph Longfellow came from Kentucky to the neighborhood of Concord chapel. He was a native of the State of Delaware, and went from that State to Kentucky in a cart drawn by one horse, and carae from Kentucky ta this township in the 295 CHAMPAIGN AND same vehicle. The harness which he worked on his horse was made without iron, and is yet in the possession of one of his sons. On leaving Kentucky such goods as he had were duly packed in the cart, save the gun and bread tray, for which they could not find room. The old gentleraan gave his wife the choice of the two ar ticles to carry, and she very wisely chose the tray. Both walked the entire distance. Mr, Longfellow drove the cart and carried the gun, while his wife followed in the rear to see if anything fell from the cart, in the mean time holding on to the tray. He settled on the farm now owned by N. F, Gibbs, having found on it a fine spring which he claimed to have seen in a vision many years be fore. He settled on the farm prior to the finding of the spring, and had reared his cabin and dug his well, both before he entered the land. In the early settlement of this part of the county at least the farmers had great trouble with the squirrels, which were so numerous as to totally destroy a small crop, Mr Longfellow, in order to secure his crop one season, hauled his entire crop to his house and stacked it around the yard. Coming out of his house one morning a drove of perhaps a hundred or raore, were at work at his corn. He called his dog, and chased thera away, sixteen beating a retreat up the well pole. He was a man of sraall stature, measuring in height about four feet and six inches, and weighing about one hundred pounds. He cast his first vote for Gen, Washington in Delaware, and voted at every Presidential election from the foundation of the government until the second term of Mr. Lincoln. He died in December, 1866, in his one hundredth year, and was the father of twenty-two children. Henry Bacome entered the farra now owned by Es quire Williaras in 1810, and died on the same farm from milk sick ness. Alexander Dunlap entered the farm now owned by M. F, Pence, and was always noted for his raany peculiarities, Felix Rock lived on the farm of D. Kizer, and was for raany years a prominent man. He raoved to Iowa in 1844, where himself and entire family soon after died. John Tipton entered the farm now owned by John Taylor in 1809, which was sold to John Daniels in 1814. The raanner of conveying lands in those days was by means of what was termed "Patent," a thing unheard of by the present generation. This " Patent," yet in the possession of Mr. Taylor, shows that Edward Tiffin was Commissioner of the Land 296 CHAMPAIGN AND Office. It also bears the signature of Jaraes Madison, President of the United States. These transfers were made by virtue of an act passed by Congress, providing for the sale of lands in the north west territory, north of the Ohio River, and above the raouth of the Kentucky River. John Duckworth came up from Warren County in 1815, and settled on the farm on which he yet resides. He is an Englishman by birth, and carae to America at the age of six years. He paid for his farm by cutting cor d-wood at t wenty- five cents a cord. He and his wife, ( a daughter of Christian Ste vens, ) are the only couple now living who lived in this township at the close of the war of 1812. John Dagger settled M'here John Hesselgesser now lives in 1816, and was always noted for his econ omy and industry. Jacob Barger came in 1813. Philip Kenton, a nephew of Gen. Simon Kenton, lived on the farra now owned by Ezra Johnson, and which afterwards becarae the horae of Jaraes Russell. Christian Norman came, 1809. Jesse Harbor carae, 1805 ; was at one tirae a justice of the peace in an early day. Christian Miller came, 1817. John Wilson came, 1809 ; yet living. Robert Russell came, 1819. Thomas Tipton lived near Heathtown, and died at the advanced age of one hundred and eleven years. The farra now owned by John W. Stevens had raore owners prior to 1820 than any place in the county, certainly in this part of it. The farra was entered by^Joel Harbor, and owned afterwards by Joel Fuson, James Bacon, Wm. Snodgrass, and Wm. Werden, late of the Werden Hotel, Springfield, who has the honor of first introducing a metal mould-board for plows ; this was in 1819. John Hall, Sr., Samuel and John Hogg entered the farra now owned by Jesse Neer's heirs, and afterwards sold to George Gid eon. David Pence settled in the extrerae southwest corner of the township, on the ,farra now owned by his son, Lemuel Pence. Jesse Jenkins, Jacob*and John Miller carae, 1818. Wra. Harbor earae, 1805, where his son, Williara, now lives. Thomas and William Stretch lived on the farra now owned by D. Kizer, and occupied by D. Bruner. Russell Jenkins carae, 1814. Marcus Clark carae from Rockingham County, Virginia, in 1809, and set tled where Levi Johnson now lives. John Hall , Jr., carae, 1817. Rob ert McFarland carae on horseback from Harrison county, Ken tucky, in 1806 in company with Joseph Diltz (father of Wesley LOGAN COUNTIES. 297 Diltz) and Martin Hitt, on an excuision trip. After his returc to Kentucky he resolved to free himself frora the presence of tho in- etitution of slavery. Hence, in 1807, in company with his father- in-law— Joseph Gray — he came to Champaign County, and settled en the farm since owned by Siraon Ropp. They arrived at the place they afterwards selected to unload their goods, on Tuesday, and on Friday following, just three days time, they left the log by which they had placed their goods, and moved into their new house. But one-half of the fioor was laid, and that with a very rough style of puncheon. Their beds were laid on clap-boards sup ported by forks driven into the ground between the puncheons. In this raanner the two families lived until spring, when they moved near the present side track between Urbana and West Lib erty. Becoming dissatisfied they resolved to change their place of residence, and having bought what is familiarly called the "Neese farm," some two railes south-east of Westville, they raoved on to it in the spring of 1811. In the fall of that year Roberl McFarland bought the farm now owned by his son T. S. McFarland, and dur ing the winter of 1811-12, built a cabin and on the twelfth of April following raoved into it. Soon after his reraoval to this farra a military road was laid out from Urbana to Sidney, passing through the farra and directly by the door. In October, 1812, Gen. Harri son and his troops passed over this road from Urbana to Sidney, on his way to the north-west territory. The General inquired of my father if he intended to settle among such large trees, and re ceiving an affirmative answer, replied, he was too small a raan for •uch large trees. After the General had mounted his horse and was about taking his leave, father remarked to hira that should it be his fortune to have a son in the future it should bear the name of (General Harrison. In February following a son was born and according to promise was duly installed into the family as Gen- William Harrison. Twenty-eight years later, and during the ev er memorable campaign of 1840, Gen. Harrison passed over this •ame old military road from Sidney to Urbana on horseback. As was the custom in those days, a delegation of citizens frora this (Concord) township met the General and his troop at the western eounty line. Soon after the meeting of the delegation from this vicinity with the General, they came into the village of Cary'.s- ville. A temporary stand had been erected, from which the Gen-- 21 298 CHAMPAIGN AND eral made a brief address to the citizens who had come in froua the surrounding country to pay their respects to him. Araong his re marks was this, that he had passed over the country in 1812, but how near the same road he could not tell. A voice in the crowd answered that he was on the sarae road. Five railes further and they reached the villaire of Mlllerstown. During his reraarks here he raade p similar statement in regard to his having passed over this country in the year 1812, but how near the sarae road he could not tell. A voice in the crowd answered, he was on the sarae road. The General then inquired how he knew. Thesarae raan answered that he was living here at t' i'' ne, and had conversed with him on his road from Urbana t a' ley. The General then told him to come to the stand afte- was done his remarks. This was done, and the General wishi^d to know how he could remember the fact, and beinyf informed that he was the raan who had prom ised to name a son for him, at once callci' to raind the occurrence. After inquiring for the welfare of his name-sake, the General re marked the day had been when a great many children were named for him, but since party liaes had been drawn, .some people would not name a dog for him. Accoinpaii.vinj. Gur.. Harrison vvas one Jonathan Chambers, a Kentuckian, and wh.) had been in an early day a schoolmate of Thomas Kenton, of ?il,iilriver township, and a nephew of Gen. Siraon Kenton. Duriny each scholar. At one time he read— "Mary Latta, 263 verses." She stated that 100 verses had been omitted, as she had repeated 363 verses; and upon counting it was found that she had repeated 363 verses, or about nine chapters, and all said to have been coraraitted to raemory in one week. Her meraory was about equal to that of Geo. D, Prentiss. When I rennember all Tbe friends thus linked together, I've seen around me fall Like leaves m -wintry -weather, I feel like one Who treads alone .Some banquet hall deserted. In all that large assera bly at Mt. Tabor on the 21st tilt., I believe Wm. Scott and rayself were the only representatives of the Sab bath-school held at that consecrated place forty-nine years ago. The reraains of many merabers of that school, both teachers and scholars, now lie buried in the grave-yard at Mt, Tabor, WESTERN PIONEER ASSOCIATION, Relics Exhibited. A china cup and saucer exhibited by Mrs. H. J. Chesher, of Middleburg, which General Washington drank from at the house of her great-grandfather, just before the battle of Brandywine. A fac simile of the accounts of George Washington with the United States Government from 1775 to 1783, presented by Mr. Gross, for which the association tendered the donor a vote of thanks. Copy-book of the late Ebenezer McDonald, 1811, very plainly written. A sugar-breaker imported from Europe 200 years since by N. Merriweather's grandraother. Mrs. S. Taylor exhib ited a china creara pitcher ninety years old; also a looking-glass brought frora Ireland in 1776 by William and Elizabeth Colt. The frame was raade twenty-two years ago by the late Isaac Wil liams, of Zanesfleld ; also a Bible eighty-five years old ; also sugar tongs forty-one years old ; a pocket-book ninety-six years old made by her grandmother, Mrs. Pim. A paper proflle of her grandfather was next exhibited which was cut at Richmond, Va., during the trial of Burr ; an antique watch one hundred years old brought from Ireland, formerly the property of William and Israel Pim ; also a shoe-shaped black ink-stand, which was used at the signing of the Declaration of Independence, and belonging fo Thoraas Savery. It is now the property of Rachel Pira. It has two ink bowls and pen holes ; is about four inches long and sharp at lhe toe. The ancestors ofthe Pira faraily carae over with Williara Penn, and is one of the oldest farailies in the State. A mirror from Ireland 150 years old was next shown. The Presi dent heie remarked concerning its flne preservation that it was an 850 CHAMPAIGN AND evidence of habitual good looks of the faraily. A platter was shown by Mrs. McNay, 100 years old. A raap of the hemisphere made with a quill pen in 1832. Several articles were next exhib ited by Mrs. B. A. Haines, aa follows: A watch bought by the late Dr. Gould Johnson, at Winchester, Va. ; a smelling bottle fifty years old ; a curious .sugar bowl forty-flve years old, a china cup and saucer fifty years old, and a breast pin 150 years old. Mrs. Dr. Oi-dwa.y exhibited some teaspoons formerly the property of Mrs. McGruder's grandmother. Next were shown some very beautiful linen table-cloths and sheets, the fiax for which was pulled, scutched, spun and wove by Mrs. Wm. Woodward and sisters, twenty-eight years ago. A vote of thanks was tendered to the ladies for the display of relics. After recess Judge N. Z. McCoiloch read an address, already printed. The "Old Folks" singing club was called and several soul-stir ring songs were rendered. "Liberty," beginning with the well- known line, "No more beneath th'oppressive hand of tyrants." &c. "Newtopia" and the "Easter Anthem," followed. John Enoch, Sr., came forward, and said that this was his first attempt at public speaking, but as this was a pioneer meeting, he now pro posed to coramence. His father came to the then territory of Ohio, in 1797 and landed at Cincinnati from a flat-boat; and in 1802 he was born on the banks of the Miarai. He lived there until the year 1808, and then raoved to Franklin, where he resided for two years. He then reraoved to Clarke County, where he resided at the beginning of the war of 1812. He then carae to Mac-a-cheek in 1813 and built a log hut in Gen. Piatt's log-yard. He recalled the reception of the news of the de feat of Winchester at Raisin and the great gloora which it cast over the coramunity. They daily expected to be attacked by the Indians. On the same day with the reception of the news carae the welcome fices of Robert Armstrong and family. He was in Urbana in 1812 ; in 1815 his father began the West Liberty mill. He had dealt out many a bushel of flour to the Indians, and Col. McPherson had instructed him how to deal with thera. He "graduated frora college in 1820, never having gone to school but one day." He recognized his preceptor among the audience. He LOGAN COUNTIES. 351 then took to the woods, when his father had a contract to cut a road through to Fort Findlay, sk.rting out in loading up their store, the principle features of which were three barrels of whisky and bacon. Those days were fraught with the usual gloom until the better days came. Remarks by Thomas Cowgill, M. D. Dr. Thomas Cowgill read an interesting sketch of pioneer life : About the 20th of October, 1817, our faraily had made the neces sary preparation and started on our journey toward the setting sun, leaving our faraily home in Columbiana County, Ohi.'. On the 30th day oi that raonth, beinf the seventh day of the week, we ate breakfast at the house of deorge Harris, on Darby Creek, six miles south of this place ; we t;aveled up the valley cf Darby nearly on the sarae track of the comraon road now traveled, and arrived at the house of Job Sharp and Joshua Sharp— both living in one house — about noon ; there vvas then a large connection of the different farailies of the Sharp,-^, Garwood, Stokeses, Bishops, Inskeeps, Euanses, and Ballingers, living in this neighborhood, mostof whora my parents had been acquainted with in Virginia or in the east part of this state. There was Thomas James, Sr,, father of the late Thoraas Jaraes of East Liberty ; Joseph Curl, near this place ; ray uncle John Cowgill, Dr. John D. Eibert, Sr., and John Warner, and Abisha Warner, also old Virginian ac quaintances of my parents. Many of them hearing of our arrival, came to see my parents during the two days of our stay at ,Iob Sharp's. A Friends' meeting was then held at the site of the grave yard about one raile north-east of here on the road to East Liberty, which a))peared to be largely attended on the Sabbath day of our stay in this neighborhood. As I remeraber, I think Williara Grubbs lived about on the site where Middleburg no',v stands, and had a small improvement. There was a cross road nf the road lead ing up Darby Valley and Northwesterly, and the road leading from Urbana to "Garwood's Mills," now East Liberty, about where the public sqare now is in Middleburg, and those roads were then mere pathways, through the woods, and there was a few sraall iraproveraents aloi.g the road on Darby. I was then about flve years of age, and I well reraember how kind and so ciable the people appeared to be at Madriver, (as I had been used 352 CHAMPAIGN AND to call all this country,) especially Job Sharp's faraily I thought were very good i>eople. Many of the neighbor men who came to see us, and raany of whora I saw going to and returning from raeeting on the Sabbath day were dressed partly in buckskin clothing; buckskin pantaloons and vests were quife common, and sometimes buckskin coats were worn, and moccasins were quite fashionable. On the raorning of Noveraber 1st, we started and traveled oa the laid out road from Urbana to Garwood's mill— now East Lib erty— and at about 11 o'clock, A. M., on that day, being the second day of the week, arrived in Mingo Valley, at the spot which was after that time the home of my parents during their lives, and still belongs in the family. The place was entirely iu the woods, except a sraall cabin 17x20 feet, by a flne spring of water, which had been built and used as a school-house. In this house our faraily of ten persons lived about eighteen raonths. Here at our cabin we entertained raany friends, in good old-fashioned order. At that time I think there was no store or trading point nearer to this neighborhood than .Urbana ; and as the road from Urbana to East Liberty — the main thoroughfare of the country — passed very near to our house, and the distance to travel from this neighborhood to Urbana and back, and to do the trading desired, was too great an undertaking for one day, and as persons from this vicinity could go to town and conveniently return as far as our house in one day, that seemed to be a general stopping place for many of our friends and acquaintances living in this neighbor hood. Hence our family was quite intimate with many of the families living here, as we were with our nearest neighbors. We had very frequent calls from members of the families of Thomas James, Levi Garwood, .John Garwood, Daniel Garwood, Job and Joshua Sharp, Joseph Stratton, Joseph Curl, Abisha War ner, ,Ioshua Inskeep, Dr. John D, Elbert, Joseph Stokes, John Inskeep, and many others. Frequently the youngfolks of several families would join and corae down in a wagon, drawn by a four-horse teara, and stay all night at our house, and would seem to make the time pass very pleasantly. Then, aa now, there were very many uood -looking girls in the vicinity of this place. They did not dress as flne then as they do uow, and wore quite a different style of bonuef, which I can not now well describe. The beautiful young women of that time were gener- LOGAN COUNTIES. .15f ally clothed in home-spun, raostly the work of their own hands. Not only their own clothing, but that of their fathers and broth ers as well, was raostly made by the bands of the industrious girls of that period, to whose cheeks, health and the constant prac tice of industry and exercise imparted a glow of beauty which ean never be equaled by paint or other artificial appliances. ''The old men and matrons, those loved ones of yore, I ask not for them, they can greet me no more. But the young men and maidens, ah ! they are scattered and gone, And I travel onward and am nearly alone." Of all the venerable pioneers of ray early acquaintances, I re member Joshua Inskeep with love and affection, at least equal to any other person who was not related to me ; as he was the friend and companion of my father almost from my earliest recollection, he spent many days and evenings at our house in social and re ligious conversation with my father and our faraily. The last tirae I saw Joshua Inskeep was on a beautiful Sabbath day in Oc tober, not long after ray father's death ; he called at our house ; his aged and excellent wife was with hira ; he seemed to be re markably solid and serious in his deportment. When we sat down to dinner, the good old man in a soleran raanner raised his hands and offered a beautiful prayer, asking that the choicest of heaven's blessings raight rest upon ray raother and upon all of us through life, and that when we were called to die we raight be prepared to meet my father in that better land where we believed his spirit was at rest. '¦There are many dreams of gladness. That cling around the pa6t, And trom the tomb of feeling Old thoughts oome thronging fast. The forms we loved so dearly In the happy days now gone — The beautiful and lovely 80 fair to look upon. Whose smiles were like the sunshine In the spring-time of the year — Like the changing gleams of April They followed every tear. 354 CHAMPAIGN AND They have passed like hope away — All their loveliness has fled; Oh! many hearts are aching That they are with the dead. Like the bright buds of the summer They have fallen trom the stem. Yet oh, it is a lovely death To fade from earth like them. And yet the thought is saddening To muse on such as they, And feel that all the lovely Are passing fast away." PIONEER INCIDENTS. Mr. Samuel Carter, one of our oldest residents, thus describes the first general religious services held in Logan county. The .settle ment of Belleville consisted at the tirae of a few farailies who lived in priraitive log houses with puncheon floors and thatched roofs. In the latter part of April, 1817, the inhabitants asserabled at his dwelling near the present site of the fair grounds, on a Sab bath raorning. The fence surrounding the house was partially torn down and the rails were placed on the floor in the forra of a hollow square ; thus it was that seats were provided. More than fifty persons had congregated at this flrst gathering, and the an nouncement had awakened general interest. The minister. Rev. John Strange, delivered an impressive sermon to the colonists, and invoked God's blessing upon thera. The people had early divided into three classes. There was formed a party styling themselves the Regulators, a sort of vigU ance committee, who made it their duty to administer justice to all offen lers who should transgress the laws of the State and the comraunity. Public whipping posts were erected, and Mr. Carter says that he has seen several persons publicly flogged. In decided contrast to this eleraent were the raen and woraen who raet on that day for religious service. They were quiet, unoffending peo ple, who preferred to deal out judgment to the wicked mildly and ever had at heart the best interests ofthe settleraent. There was, also, another party who, although holding to no definite religious convictions, cast in their lot with lhe better branch of the comrau nity. It was frora this field that the converts came. The Regula tors were, in the main, an incorrigible set of persons, who had lit tle fear of God, and less of man, before their eyes. S56 CHAMPAIGN AND The services concluded with singing and prayer. Another meet ing was held soon after in the house of a neighbor, and a revival .soon began in their midst. Class raeetings were held, and al though the Methodist faith was held by raany, there was perfect harmony and unity in the common cause of Christianity. Belleville disappeared from the map, and further to the north ward rose the now prosperous town of Bellefontaine. Of all those who a.ssenibled at these meetings there reraain but Mr. and Mrs. Carter. Their descendants, however, are to be found scattered throughout the length and breadth ofthe country. Mr. Wra. Henry gave account of his first assessment of Zane township, then comprising Logan and part of Charapaign coun ties. He traversed that territory from Dan to Beer-Sheba, wher ever inhabited, and charged ten dollars for his services. But the Coraraissioners cut him down one dollar. At that tirae he had to go to Urbana and pay four dollars a bushel for salt, and " tote " it home on bare back, considerable of it dripping out before getting horae. Dr. Brown then read a paper, which was ordered to be put among the archives of the Association. Mrs. Sallie Moore handed in a p-^per which was read by Dr. Cowgill, and ordered to be kept araong the archives ot the Asso ciation. Another paper was also read, and disposed of in the sarae way. Dr. B. S. Brown, T. Cowgill and Joshua Antrira were appointed a coraraittee for collecting a history of Logan County, in book forra, and report at next raeeting of the Association. Twenty dollars were appropriated for paying expenses of same. Address by Archibald Hopkins. In the year 1797, my father emigrated from the State of Dela ware to the Northwestern Territory, now the State of Ohio. He started in search of a better country, and came to Redstone, Old Fort; and there a company of five persons was raised, four be sides himself. They gathered up a set of plow-irons, and a supply of pumpkin and turnip seeds, and seeds of various kinds, and traveled on to the Peepee prairie, twelve miles below where Chil licothe now stands, on the Scieto River ( on the west side ), Heie they broke about twelve acres of prairie, and planted it in LOGAN COUNTIES. 357 eorn, pumpkins, etc., and made rails and fenced in their crop, to keep the Indian ponies out. Besides what provisions, salt, etc., they packed on their horses, they lived on deer, bear, turkey, etc!i a part of the time without bread, until the latter part of July! After sowing their turnip seeds, they returned horae, to prepare to move their farailies to their new horae. My father made preparation to move to Robstown, above Wheeling, in wagons, and there prepared a fiat-boat, and fioated down the Ohio River to the raouth of the Scioto. And the night we arrived at the Scioto, the river was frozen over, and remained so till the winter broke. The other four families had been at the improvement at Peepee prairie for some time, and had taken care of our crop of corn. We had to pack our goods as well as we •ould, up the river to the improvomeut, which was probably about twenty-four railes. The next day after we arrived there, every one that was able turned out to help us build a house ; again.st eve ning our house was raised and covered, a door cut out, and our goods put in it the sarae evening, and a fire built on the ground floor in the raiddle of our cabin. The next raorning the snow was knee deep to the raen, and lay so till the winter broke. Our house was quite open, and the wind blew in at one side, and the smoke went out at the other side, so that we remained on the side that the wind blew to keep out of the smoke. We manufactured fur niture for our house frora the sturap ; a bedstead was made by driving two forks into the ground-floor, about three and a half feet from the wall, and laying on clapboards, one end on the pole, and one end in the crack of the wall for bed-cord. We raade a side- table by boring two holes in the wall, and driving in two pins about two feet long, and laying a puncheon on the two pins about two feet broad and six feet long. We had plenty of corn, but no way to raake bread, and had plenty of the best wild raeat and horainy, and lived well, and enjoyed ourselves flnely, and were comparatively happy, though we lived about six weeks of the time without bread. We lived there one year from the following spring, and had the most kind and sociable neighbors. A man then came and clairaed the land on wiiich we lived, and wanted us to pay him rent, which my father refused to do, and we moved six railes down the river, and settled on the east side, on Congress land, and remained 368 CHAMPAIGN AND there about two years after the land sales. Being disappointed in getting his money frora the east, ray father could not buy the land on which he lived. We reraained in this neighborhood two years after the land sale, then my father bought landin the Pickaway Plains, Ross County, and moved there. My father and mother died within four years of the tirae we raoved to Pickaway Plains. I still reraained there until the spring of 1814, when I settled in what is now Logan County, aboutthree railes east of where West Liberty now stands, on land now owned by the widow of Henry Enoch, deceased. My neighbors at ray new horae were Isaac Titsworth and Robert and John Sraith, who had been living there several years. Sam uel Scott, Isaac Thomson, and Griffith Evans, had lived here a few years, and Robert Frakes lived a few miles north. Robert Smith had a little mill within one raile of ray house, and our nearest store was at Urbana. ,Iohn Reynolds and Thoraas Gwynne each had a store at Urbana at that time. Champaign County then ex tended to Lake Erie. The flrst religious meeting I attended here was held at Griffith Evans' house. About the year 1816 a small log meeting-house was built at Mt. Tabor. The first carap meeting was held at Mt. Tabor, in 1816, which was continued there a few years. I heard Lorenzo Dow preach al Mt. Tabor in 1826. The first election I attended in what is now Logan County, I think was held at Robert Frakes' house, on Macacheek. My home here was near the place where Simon Kenton was once tied on a wild colt (as I have often heard him relate) by the In dians, with the expectation that the colt would run through the plum thickets and soon tear him to pieces. Instead of that the colt was as gentle as a lamb, and quietly followed the Indians without doing him any harm. Simon Kenton told me that the Indians made a mound, yet standing in John Enoch's fleld, on which the Indian Chiefs used to stand and see white raen run the gauntlet on the track in the prairie near by. THE PIONEERS. First Quarterly Meeting. In Dursuance of notice previously given, the Western Pioneer Association met at the Fair Grounds, at Bellefontaine, Logan Coun ty, to hold their flrst quarterly meeting and picnic. The day was warm, pleasant and beautiful, and the attendance very respectable in numbers, considering the fact that the ceremony of laying the corner-stone the day before prevented as large an attendance as would otherwise have been anticipated. All who earae frora a dis tance arrived early in the forenoon, and spread their cloths about the grounds for dinner. At half-past eleven the Bellefontaine Band marched down playing lively airs and joined the assembly, par taking, on invitation, of a suraptuous dinner with the pioneers. Our reporter shared the excellent and bountiful dinner prepared by Mrs. Volney Thomas. Among the pioneers and old citizens present, whose hames we knew, were : Dr. B. S. Brown, Cartmel Crockett, James Moffatt, Joshua Bufflngton, Ephraim Vance (87) Gen. I. S. Gardner, Volney Thomas, Capt. Wm. Watson, G. Walls, Wm. Henry, Isaac Pain ter, Samuel Carter, Robert Dickinson, Capt. Job Inskeep, Capt. J. A. Jones, Hon. William Lawrence, J. R. Van Meter, Thomas Cookston and others. Capt. Job Inskeep was one of Capt. James Euans' company who were quartered in the block-house at Zanes fleld in 1813. Capt. Wm. Watson, an old citizen of this county, now of Paxton, Illinois, who has for some time been on a visit to friends here, is mentioned in Dr. Brown's speech at the laying of the corner-stone, and also in that of to-day. After dinner and meeting of old acquaintances, and the arrival 360 CHAMPAIGN AND of many more people, at 1 o'clock President Gardner called the meeting ta order and a touching and appropriate prayer was of fered to the Throne of Grace by the venerable Chaplain, George McCoiloch. Then came the reading of the proceedings of the previous meeting on ,Iuly .30, by Secretary Joshua Antrira, pre ceeded and followed by fine music by our excellent band, when the venerable President Gardener arose to welcome in a few brief and feeling words his fellow pioneers and citizens, on the occasion of their first raeeting. He was pleased to raeet thera all, but re gretted the absence of many who would have been present and renewed old acquaintance but for the meeting yesterday, but was glad to meet those who had resolved, notwith.standing, to be here to-day. When he came to this county forty-four years ago, nearly all who lived here then had since died, but few were left, and they would soon be called away, and before they went it be hooved thera all to write out and state their experience of the early settleraent of the county and the raanner of life and cus- toras of the early settlers, that sorae record should be made for future history, otherwise the unwritten history of our county will soon pass away with the last of the actors in it and be lost forever. When he saw so many younger people around him who had been born since he came into the county, he thought he might well say he was getting to be an old man. He did not intend to make a speech, but as presiding officer of the Association found it his pleasant duty to welcome all, old and young, and hoped for a larger gathering at their next raeeting. He then introduced Dr. B. S. BroWn as one of the speakers chosen for the occasion, who arose and read a well-written and very interesting sketch of the early history and life of the pioneers, which was listened to with marked attention, which we here reproduce: Remarks by Dr. B. S. Brown. As I understand it, the principal objects of this association are to bring to-gether as many of the early settlers of this section of the country as possible, for the purpose of collecting the various data which go to raake up the history and rerainiseences of its first settlement by our race. And also that what few of the very early settlers are left, may by meeting in this friendly, social manner, enjoy the company of one another and remind one another of cir- LOGAN COUNTIES. 861 enmstances and incidents which occurred more than half a century ago, which by bringing up afresh, would be very interesting, not only to all who lived here at the time, but to the present in habitants, and (if properly collected and preserved) perhaps to generations unborn, who are to come after us. The alterations which have taken place in this section of the countrj- since its first settlement, are so great, not only as to the cpuntry itself, but also to everything in it, and that belongs to it, that a person who might have been living here then, and been intimately acquainted with the whole country around, its inhabitants, their raanners and cus toms, their privations and enjoyments, and then left and settled in other parts of the country — as many have done — would, upon visiting here now, be entirely unable to recognize it as the same country or the .same people, he had left sixty years ago. Every thing has changed, but the changes have bean so gradual that per sons living here all the tirae, and assisting and participating in them, scareely notice them, unle.ss soraething like thi-; society calls up recollections of the p;ist — of early times. This idea, then, might in some measure point out the duty as well as the privilege of every member of this society — the women as well as tne men — for I believe the-former are equilly eligible to become raerabers. Many of our members have lived here when the whole of this region was "a va.st and howling wilderness," thickly covered nearly all over with the primeval forest, where the wild beasts of the region ranged at large, with but little to " molest or raake them afraid." The wild deer aad turkeys were very plenty, and werea great advantage to the early settlers, as in raany families they afforded the principle animal food a great part of the year. Besides this advantage of their furnishing such an abundance of what would now be considered a really luxurious diet, the hunting for them was a very pleasant and exciting recreation, exercise and amusement, much more beneficial to the health and comfort, and I might say to the morals of those engaged in it, than the very popular, senseless base ball exercise of the present time ; or the daily and nightly resort to the gambling billiard saloons, which have also become very popular with many of our young men. In order that some idea may be formed of the plenty and abundance of the wild deer of those days, I may state that after Bellefontaine had become something of a brushy town, and tha 23 862 CHAMPAIGN AND courts had been held in it a number of years, many, perhaps a hundred deer were killed so near that the report of the rifle could be heard all over town ; and, indeed, in several instances, were killed within the present incorporated limits of the village. Capt. Wm. Watson, who was a citizen ofthis town at the time, and who hunted some, has told me that he could, by going out early, almost any morning, kill and bring in a deer before the usual breakfast time, and that withoutgoing more than half a mile, ora mile from town. Bears and wolves were also here— the latter so numerous as to be^a great annoyance to the early settler, especially to those who were trying to raise sheep. Their dismal, doleful bowlings could be heard reverberating through the wilds of the forest almost every night, and woe be to the sheep or lamb which was not suflS- ciently protected from their voracious and devouring jaws. The depredations of these animals became such a nuisance, that the Legislature had^to take the raatter in hand to endeavor to abate it by the extermination of the whole race. For this purpose they enacted a law allowing a premium for every wolf scalp which any person would present to the proper oflicer- the county clerk, I believe, and sorae persons made considerable amounts of money by killing and scalping the "varmints." The premium on the scalps, however, was not the principal inducement for killing them ; it was more to rid the country of their annoying depredar tions. These animals were so wild and watchful, and as they trav eled principally in the night, it was very seldom that a hunter could get a shot at them with his rifle, and, therefore, other means had to be resorted to— the principal of which was the steel trap. The habit of wolves was generally to go in gangs of from five or six to a dozen together. When they would find a neighborhood that would suit them, they would perhaps visit it every night for weeks together, although their hiding places by day might be in tangled thickets of brush many miles away. The principal wolf- trapper with whom I was acquainted was Job Garwood, a soii of Levi Garwood, who was one of the Associate Judges of Logan county. Job had become so well acquainted with the habits and haunts of these beasts, that he has told me that when a gang of them came into any neighborhood where he was acquainted, that he could and often did catch and kill the last one of them bofore they would leave. His plan was, when he heard of a particular locali ty where they prowled at night, (and that was easily known by LOGAN COUNTIES. .168 thoir howling,) he would procure a part or the whole of thd car cass of some dead animal, and drag it with horses or oxen on the ground, perhaps for miles through the woods where they had been heard. In the trail made by this dragging, he would place his traps, at suitable distances apart, carefull.y covering them with leaves, so that they could not be .seen. The wolves would follow this trail by the .scent, and, suspecting uo danger, step into sorae of the traps and be fastened. The traps were large and weighed several pounds, but it would not do to chain thera fast, as it was said the wolf would gnaw his own leg off and escape, but while he could drag the trap he would not do that, but raake off as best he could through the bushes and brush, taking the trap with him. In this way they sometimes got miles away, before the trapper could overtake them by the next day, with the a,ssistauce of his dogs, which were trained to follow thera up by the .scent. After being caught in this way, they generally had to be killed by a rifle shot at last. In addition to those I have mentioned, there were several other wild aniraals, of smaller kinds, that inhabited our woods, the principal of which was the raccoon, which were very plenty, and, although they were very destructive to the corn fields, yet they aflorded flne amusemeiit and considerable profit to the hunters. They were generally hunted in the night with dogs, which were so well trained to finding and following their tracks, that they could readily distinguish thera frora the tracks of other animals, and would not follow up such small garae as the possum, rabbit, or skunk. The raccoons were mostly hunted for their skins, which had very good fur, and brought a good price. It was quite a profitable business for fur dealers to collect and send ofl these skins, as thousands were sent off every year, and brought consid erable means into the county. I am aware that it is not the wild animals alone vhich were so plentiful in our woods in early times, that we are to speak about, and bring up to the remembrance, al though much might be said and written about them that would be interesting. There are many other subjects which would doubt less be equally, if not more interesting, and perhaps more in ac cordance with the objects and the designs of the Pioneer Associa tion. The clearing up of the forests, and preparing the land for cultivation ; the building of log cabins, and the manners and cus toms of living in them ; the kind, and usual amount of crops nu.«ed; the log-roUings and corn-huskings; the parties of pleasure 364 CHAMPAIGN AND and amusement, and very many other subjects too tedious to men tion here, might be spoken of and written upon, which would bring up interesting recollections, which, if properly collected and preserved, would be sufficient to fill voluraes, which might be valuable as well as interesting to the present, rising and future gen erations. And I would here suggest, that each and every member be requested to contribute something towards the furtherance of this object. If some of thera are not iu the habit of writing their thoughts and recollections, they all can remeraber, and tell of things of the |>ast which would be valuable in such a collection. — Then let them tell it, and get somebody else to write it, and let it be brought and filed with the archives of the Association, and thereby contribute their share to so valuable an undertaking.— Everything has so changed that almost anything in regard to those tiraes would seem new and interesting now. The construction of log cabins, and the raanner of living in thera are worthy of re membrance, for they have so nearly gone out of date, that it will not be a great many years before the people here will scarcely know what they were. They were generally constructed of round logs, one story high, covered with clap-boards which were not nailed down, but kept to their places by weight-poles, laid length ways across every row of boards. In fact, raany very corafortable dwellings were built and lived in without so much as a single iron nail being used in their construction. As there were no saw-mills in the country at its very early settlement, the floors ofthe cabins were made of what was called puncheons. They were made by splitting large logs into slabs three or four inches thick, and by nicely hewing them on the upper side, and neatly fitting the joints, they made a yery good and permanent floor. The open spaces in the walls between the logs were neatly fllled up, and made smooth by "chinking," and daubing with clay inside and outside. The fire-place was at one end of the building, generally outside, an opening being cut through the log wall for that purpose. The flue was built up above the comb of the roof, with what was called " cat and clay." The fire-places were large, sufficient to take in back logs from twelve to eighteen inches thick, and four to six feet long. These buildings varied in size from fourteen by eighteen feet, up to eighteen feet wide by twenty-four feet long, A room of that size, and built in that way, was used for kitchen, dining room, parlor and bed-room. The bed, and sometimffl LOGAN COUNTIES. 365 tliree or four of thera, were placed in the back end of the room, and here the whole faraily slept. And when they had visitors,which was very frequently in those days,they were accoramodated in the iame way. Where the family was large, however, the boys fre quently had to sleep up in the loft, on the floor, which was laid with clap-boards, the same as the roof. In order to get up to the loft, a ladder was placed close in one corner of the house, generally in the end near the flre place. This description, however, applies only to the very early settlers. They soon began to add to these cabins such improveraents as seemed necessary for comfort and convenience, but raany well-to-do farraers still held on to the flrst comfortable log cabin for many years. And in this way, we may adopt the words of the old Scotch poet, and say, that raany " Noble lads and winsome misses, Were reared in sic a way as this is." In reflecting b?ck upon those past times, their houses, farms, manners and Cj^toms, pleasures and enjoyments, and then on eomparing thera with those of the present tirae, the question will obtrude itself upon the mind as to which is the best calculated to promote real corafort,health andenjoymeot; the old-fashioned cabin fashions, raanners and custoras of those tiraes, or the very different ones of the princely palace residences and their fashions, raanners and custoras of the present time. Before I close, I think I must say a few words to the ladies. I have said before that the woraen were equally eligible with tho men to becorae raerabers of this Association, and if they would avail theraselves of the privilege, they raight and should bring to remerabrance and relate incidents and circurastances of the "olden times," which would be very interesting and instructive to tho present and rising generation. The subject of woman's sphere and her proper position in society has been much discussed by lecturers of both sexes, and in th» public papers for a few years past, but whether that discussion haa had much effect in making the change or not, one thing is very certain— that a very great change has been raade in regard to woman's dutiies, and her occupation as housekeeper, within the past fifty or sixty yeai-s. This will be verv apparent if we contrast the duties and occupation of the women of that period (for they were real women then as well as now,) with those of the ladies (as 366 CHAMPAIGN AND they must be called now) of the present time. Everything has changed. Wives and heads of families considered it their duty, to card, .spin and weave the materials, whether of flax or wool, . fortheir husband's and children's clothing, and their own, and then make them up, also, as tailors and milliners were almost un known at that tirae. A farraer's or raechanic's wife who did not keep her faraily decently and corafortably clothed in this way, was not considered a verj' v^iluable "help meet" by the cora munity. They raust, however, have sorae "Sunday- go- to-ineeting" clothes, but the.se were often of their own manufacture, raade with more care for this special purpose. Some few had Sunday clothes of finer quality, brought with thera from the older settle ments of the East, where they had raoved from ; these were pre served and kept with great care for raany years. As improve ments advanced and the country became more thickly settled, dry goods stores of course would be graduall,y intioduced, though often at considerable distance away ; and many women and their daughters have traveled frora this vicinity to Urbana to get "store boughten" calico or finer tdresses, which they paid for with gin seng, which they had dug in the woods with their own hands. This "seng digging" and trade is well worthy of description, but there is not room or time now. A few more changes I rau.st briefly raention. The sweet rausic of the spinning wheel and the weaving loora in the cabin, has given viay to the piano and raelo- deon of the splendidly furnished parlor. And perhaps in too many instances the rough board book-shelf on the wall of the cabin, with the Bible and a few religious and good historical books upon it, has been displaced by the -iplendid center-table in the gau dily furnished parlor, loaded with sen,sational novels and the "yellow-back literature" of the present day. In the women's de partment, perhaps as great a change has taken place in regard to cooking as in any other. Cooking stoves were' not even heard of in those days. The cooking was done by the big log flre in the same room where they ate and slept. The implements used were a large dutch-oven, sc.ew-pot, long-handled frying-pan, and sorae times a tea-kettle. With these utensils a woman of those days could get up a meal good enough for a prince, if .she only had the "wherewithal." I should not have left out the ,Iohnny-cake LOGAN COUNTIES. 367 board, which was very iraportant, but as the ladies now do not know what this is, I will omit it for the present. At the close of Dr, Brown's speech. President Gardner intro duced Samuel Carter, a venerable citizen living near this place, who had been with us since the foundation of the county was laid, Mr. Carter spoke in a clear and earnest manner for sorae minutes, graphically detailing incidents and scenes of early life, much to the interest and amusement of the assembly. He said when his father carae to this county sixty-three years ago, there were three Indians to one white man. Then cabins had but one room, in which they lived, ate and slept. Furniture was scarce. When he was married flfty years ago and moved into his cabin, he maele a cupboard by putting together some rough clapboards with wooden pins, for the*-e were no nails then nearer than Ur bana, which was their "dresser." The first table they ever had he made with an ax, hewing out rough boards and pinning them together. The first thing he ever put salt in was a gum. In their room was a spinning-wheel, beds, bin, &e. In 1818, when he moved here on the place he now lives, he built a log house, without door or window ; he .sawed a hole to go in and out at, and as there was no floor below they slept upon the loft and cooked outside. The stock took shelter beneath. In the day he worked hard cut ting hay, and at night worked at his house, and when they got a mud chimney completed .so they could have a fire in the house, it was the happiest moment of their life. He wore homespun then, and all he had was a pair of tow-linen pants and a shirt, but no drawers or boots, and considered he was ver,y well prepared for winter. Like a great raany he bought land and had to work hard to clear and pay for it. This was slow work without raoney or markets, but he kept on and after a while popnlat'on increased a little, but they could not sell anything. A bushel of wheat could not be sold for twenty-five cents. They had no means, andthe only way they could pay for their land was to raise hogs, cattle, Ac, which brought but little profit. He had raised raany a fine steer for ten dollars which would now be worth .sixty dollars. They had no other means of getting money except by hunting for furs, and could not buy coffee, tea, &c., but they had plenty of venison and raccoon, and many a good meal he had made off it. He thought society was better then than now ; they had not 868 CHAMPAIGN AND so much to do, and time was not so precious as now. Now we had not time to visit; but then people went several miles, and when the.y had got a good fiddler and a puncheon floor, would dance all night and as another old pioneer added, "go home with the girls in the raorning." After a while, the speaker said, he began to advance in the world and prosper. He bought a new cotton shirt, and thought he was coming out. After a short time he bought another, and then he had a "change." But there had been a great change. When he looked around him he found that all those whom he used to meet at raisings, log-rollings and mus ters, were all gone— his company had all gone before, and he must soon go too. Life had not much charm for him now, and life was like a calm suraraer evening to him now. He said he would probably meet and be heard again on a like occasion, but if he did not they could say he had gone before them to another and better land. With a fervent blessing, he retired, * Joshua Antrim was next introduced,and made an excellentand able address which we re-print in full on our first page. He said it was due the audience to make some explanation for the author ity of sorae statements he was about to make, and cited living wit nesses then present ; among others he mentioned Mrs, Esther Rob inson, daughter ofthe first white settler in Logan county. He also stated that Sharp's raill was built and running in 1803. But the reader will find his speech of absorbing interest. After raore delightful rausic from the band, who by the way have acquitted themselves with honor during the past week, fur nishing music to thousands of delighted hearers, the President in a few happy words introduced the Hon. Wm. Lawrence, who he said had grown up among us from a boy. Mr. Lawrence came for ward and said : I did not suppose I would be called upon in the presence of these venerable and venerated pioneers to say one word to-day. I came here to listen to what others might say, and by my presence to tes tify my respect for those who are here and my interest in the oc casion. But called upon as I am, I will say a few words which I hope may be pertinent to the occasion. I first visited Logan county in 1836, before I had reached the years of manhood. I came to * Keported for the Bellbfontaike Pbbsb. LOGAN COUNTIES. 86» Bellefontaine to reside a little over thirty-nine years ago. The hills and valleys and strearas were here then as now ; but almost all else has changed, wonderfully changed. Forests have become •ultivated fields, mud roads have given place to turnpikes and railroads, and villages have sprung up and grown in size and pop ulation, where primeval forests stood. School buildings, and ehurches with spires pointing heavenward, have arisen where there were none before, or only the rudest log buildings, Bellefontaine then had a population of less than 600, and its frame and log build ings looked old and dilapidated. The only brick buildings in it were the court house and county offices, two old churches, and less than half a dozen brick dwellings of antiquated architecture. Com paratively few of the people who then were in the county yet re main. Emigration and death have done their work. A stream of population has poured in among us frora other counties and States, and a new generation has been born. The Bar of Logan County then consisted of Anthony Casad, Hi ram McCartney, Sarauel Walker, Richard S. Canby, Benjamin Stanton, Royal T. Sprague, and myself. Of all these I am the sole feurviving resident lawyer, and ray friend who sits before me. Gen, Gkirdner, is the only merchant now in busines? whp was in busi ness when I first made Bellefontaine my home. [General Gardner responed : "That's so, my friend ; give me your hand ;" and Gen. Gardner and Judge Lawrence took each other by the hand in a warm and cordial greeting.] Judge Lawrence proceeded!: The Bar, as I first knew it, here, was one of ability, learning and integ rity. The pioneers before and around me, I know will bear testi mony to this. But the Bar is changed ; McCartney, Walker and Casad repose in mother earth, lie buried in the county of Logan, where they lived honest lives and adorned the profession ofthe law. Peace to their ashes and honor to their meraories. Richard 8. Canby is now a Judge in Southern Illinois ; Benjarain Stanton does honor to his profession in Wheeling, West Virginia, and Royal T. Sprague is a Judge of the Suprerae Court ofCalifornia, a position which he fills with much distinction. Among these raerabers of the Bar I would not draw any invidious comparison, for they jointly shared the confldence of all who knew them. Two of them icrved in Congress, Stanton and Canby. In forcible argument and logical point, Ohio never had an abler man than Benjamin Stanton, and when Eichard S. Canby once became thoroughly aroused and 370 CHAMPAIGN AND enlisted in the discussion of a subject, with his scholarly attain ments, he was the raost eloquent and impressive orator I ever beard. The law practice has changed nrach since I flrst engaged in it in Logan county; then money was a scarce commodity. A lawyer then would ride on horseback five, ten (H- flfteen miles, through the mud, with "leggings" regularly .strapped or tied in proper posi tion to .shield the lower extremities, and before a justice of the peace would manage a lawsuit for a fee of five dollars, generally .secured by a note at six raonths, and finally paid in trade. We had no livery stable, and if a lawyer did not keep a horse he borrowed one from .some accommodating neighbor. Now, a ,young lawyer, if he goes on such an errand, must have a top buggy with at least one and sometimes two horses t(j carry him. Joseph R. Swan, one of the ablest, purest and best men Ohio ever had, then presided on the Common Pleas, and .loshua Robb and Gabriel Slaughter were As.sociate Judges, all raen of sterling good sense and practical good judgment. Then the lawyers regularly attended the courts in the adjoining counties, to which they trav eled on h'-'i-seback. The courts of Logan county were regularly visited by Sam.son Mason, Wm. A. Rogers and Charles Anthony of Springfleld ; John H. .Tames, Moses D. Corwin, Richard R. Mc- Neeraar, of Urbana; Patrick (i. Goode, Jacob S. Conklin and Jo sephs. Updegraff of Sidney ; Wm. C. Lawrence of Marysville, and others. Judge Lawrence proceeded at a considerable length to describe the early condition of affairs in Logan county. He said farmers had no cash market for any of their products at an early day. There were no railroads to send any thing to market. A farraer would raise a sraall crop of wheat, and in the fall load up a two- horse wagon, take oats to feed his horses, and sorae bread, butter and hara for hiraself, and drive off a hundred miles to Sandusky, sleeping at night in his wagon, to sell his load of wheat. With the proceeds he bought a barrel of .salt, roll of leather and muslin, and reserved enough money to pay taxes. Hogs were bought by dro vers and driven to Sandu.sky. He said he had .seen wheat sell here for forty cents, and pork, and beef for a dollar per hundred pounds. Mechanics were paid in trade, houses were built for trade, lawyers and physicans paid in trade. The people were social, and hospital- LOGAN (JOUNTIES. 371 ity was oneof the essential characteristics of all the people. Our space will not permit us to give a fuller sketch of the Judge's reraarks. Judge Lawrence then read a note frora our venerable and respected fellow citizen John Kirkwood, living two miles west ol West Liberty, stating that he was conflned to his room and eould not be present. Tie stated he had an apple tree growing on his farra, planted in 1804, which now raeasures eight feet and three inches in circumference, and has never failed to bear sorae apples each year since it began bearing. He said he would .send samples of fruit, but it did not come to hand. » The president next introduced X'olney Thomas, who made a brief but interesting speech , describing customs of early days. He was born in Champaign county in IKlh. He told how they went to church. Churches and school houses were made of logs and polls, and in these colleges they got their education and religious teaching. He went to school iu the hist church built at Mt. Tabor. It had a big flre place in oin' end, and one morning when they went to school it was found that during the night the back-log had rolled out on the flo(,)r and burnt up the house. Then the only school book was the New Testament, and their task was to commit certain portions to memcn-y. It was a fine thing in tho.se days to have a pair of morocco or squirrel skin shoes, and when the young- men and women went to church the young woraan would tie her shoes up in her handkerchief and her beau would carry them in his hand to church, when she would put thera on; after meeting she pulled them off' and again went barefooted home. When the wo men wanted a new calico dress, they went to the woods and dug gensang, which they took to Urbana and traded to the merchant. He recollected seeing old Mr. Hopkins, who lived in Cham paign at the tirae, come to church many a, time with nothing on but a pair of tow-linen pants and shirt, barefooted and bareheaded, and for a half hour preach with great power. When there was a log-rolling, tlnx pulling, or social gathering, all turned out and had a good time. Being all t^uakers then they didn't dance, but played plays such as "Sister Phebe" and "Marching Round fiuebf^c." This was the way thej' were raised. The President then showe 1 some relics, one a photograoh of the first house built in the county, and the other a large pewter dish, presented to the Association by Andrew Stiarwalt, of Bellefon taine. It was purcha,sed in Penivsylvania about the year 1750, by an CHAMPAIGN AND Thomas Guy. He owned it 48 years and at his death gave it to his nephew, Thomas Guy, who owned it forty-two years, and at death gave it to his daughter, Mrs. Mary McFadon, who brought it to Logan county in 1831. She owned it eleven years and at death gave it to her daughter, Mrs. Martha Stiarwalt, who has had it since 1814, It is a quaint and venerable relic, 120 years old. After the reading of an old poem, which we shall present at an other time, with some prelirainary reraarks, the Association pro ceeded to elect officers for the ensuing year, when the following were unanimously declared elected: President, J, M. Glover, West Liberty; Vice President, Joshua Antrim, Middleburg; Secretary, Thoraas Hubbard, and Treasurer, Gen, I. S. Gardner, of Bellefontaine, George McCulloch was elected Chaplain for life. Trustees— B.S. Brown, Sarauel Carter, Wra. Lawrence, of Bellefontaine; Volney Thoraas and .loshua Buffington, of West Liberty. Books were declared open for raerabers' naraes and raany were recorded, which will be given at another tirae. The next quarterly raeeting was appointed at the Town Hall, West Liberty, December 3, 1870, with Judge Lawrence to deliver the opening addreas. After the doxology by the band, and an affecting and solemn benediction by the Chaplain, the raeeting was disraissed, and all went home happy, feeling that the occasion had been one of rare interest and arauseraent. Third Quarterly Meeting. The third quarterly meeting ofthe Western Pioneer Association was held, according to appointraent, at West Middleburg, in this county, on Saturday, March 4, 1871. The day was warra, sunny and pleasant, and although the dirt roads were in a bad condition, the attendance was larger than was anticipated, the house being completely filled. In addition to the large number of citizens of the town and vicinity who expressed their appreciation ofthe oc casion by attending, there were present many ofthe pioneer raen and women ofthe neighborhood, who took much interest in the proceedings, and added to the exhibition alarge collection of relios of the early days. In the absence of the worthy Treasurer and other active mem- LOGAN COUNTIES. affS bers no business was transacted, though much was to be done. The time was pleasantly occupied until the adjournment with speeches, songs, etc. It is rauch to be regretted that the large collection ot relics of other days could not be presented to the Association to be preserved in its archives for the benefit of future generations. They are of little use as they are, but gathered together would form an inter esting and speaking chapter in history which could not be sup plemented by written desciption. The donor would also have the satisfaction of contributing an article to the museum which would carry his name in connection down to posterity. We hope these relics may be gathered up from all over the county and sent in properly labeled with their history and donor's name, to the Trea- ident ofthe Association. The meeting was called to order at 2 o'clock p, m,, and after prayer by Rev, Mr. Flood, President J. M, Glover gave an inter esting review of social life running back to pioneer times, explained the social, benevolent and historical object of the society, and urged on all old peogle the importance and duty of joining it, to collect and jireserve the history of the county, "A Requiera to the Departed Pioneers," coraposed b.y Professor Joshua Antrim, very touching and impressive, was next given by Miss MoUie Bales and Prof. Sharp. 374 CHAMPAIGN AND J/ §he §U ^me. RY WM. HUC.RAR?), It was just such an Autumn morn as this — how many years ago? Let me see: John is now twelve years old, and was then but two, I know — We had loaded the wagon the day before, a wagon staunch and new, And away we hied on the Auturan morn while the grass was wet with dew. The yellow dust was damp and still, on the smooth and quiet road, And gaily the bay and sorrel team moved on with our household load; The leaves were tinted with yellow and gold, and colors of myriad sheen, And the meadows had lost in the early frost their tinge of siin-imer green. I mind me well how the shocks of L.orn stood in the fields b.^ the way — How the yellow pumpkins, lik« nuggets of gold, in the open farrows lay. How the luscious apples hung ripe and red as we passed the orchards by. Where the children played in the pleasant shade, all under the misty sky. We were moving away to the Illinoy, where land could be cheaply bought; The horaestead farm wasn't large enough for both the boys we thought — But, if it were lo do again, peradventure we would stay, jPor we often sighed in the Illinoy fur the dear home far away. The land was cheap, and the yield was great, and we have enough to divide Between the boys, and leave the girl a handsome thing beside; But, one or another, we never were \vell ; that is, I mean to say, Not quite so well as we used to be in the home whence we moved away. We lived five years in the Illinoy before the sickly fall — Ah I that you may very well believe was a trying time for us all! AU, all were down, my companion died, and I never got over the blow; Though Jane was grown, and took care of things right well, as all ot us know. And Bphraim uow looks after the farm; of I'oys he is one of the best; He Bald to me: "'Father, you're growing old — it is time you had some rest — So take little John and go back once more to look at the dear old home — Tou can go by the cars, not the toilsome way by which we had to come." LOGAN COUNTIES. aj8 Who is that man yonder? He looks to me very much like Jason Black; But Ja^on, I'm sure, walked very straight, while this man crooks in tho back; And Jason's hair wore the raven's hue, while this man's hair is white — Ah, mel I forget what time ma,y do in ten years of hia flight. "God bless you, friend! Come, sit you down, and tell what I would know Of neighbors well remembered still, whom I knew long ago; I'm back to the dear old stamping ground, and brought little John, my boy, Leaving Ephraim and Jane to care for things at our home in Illinoy." And Jason said, and sighing said: "Old friend, 'tis sad to tell Of the folks who were here ten years ago, and whom you knew so well. But few are left, for scores are dead, and many have moved away. And the few you meet you will hardly know, so changed are they to-day. "¦you mind the man who bought your olace — a stout young fellow was he. But he died of a fever the second year, leaving wife and children three. And they managed bad, and the Sheriff sold the homestead out tor debt, And whore they v/ont 'tis ,so long ago if ever I knew I forget. "Your neighbor Gates, across the creek, tor a long time he lay low. And died at last— let's see— I think it is just six years ago; And Jonah Gates, his oldest son, I s'pose you have heer'n tell, Gave up to arink and playing cards, and isn't doing well, "I can not name them all, of course, but a score of our young men Were lured away to fields of blood, and never came back again ; Some gave up their lives at Gettysburg, some fell on the march to the sea, And widows and orphan children left lire sorry sights to see. "You well remember Willie Grey, so handsome, kind and true, For his dead father, your best friend, had named big boy for you— They stole him away as a paymaster's clerk, poor boy, and now he sleeps, Where Mississippi's turbid tide in restless surges sweeps." "Enough — enough — more than enough: I very plainly see The old home has no comfort left that it can offer me. So I'll pack my things; and to-morrow morn, with little John, my boy, I'll go back again to Bphraim and Jane, and oar home in the Illinoy." 376 CHAMPAIGN AND ive ^em M»(k BY JESSE ROBERTS. Oh, give me back my cabin home Within the forest wild, And give me, too, those hopeful years, I knew when-buta child. Oh, let me see the birds again. With plumage bright and gay, And hear their notes as when I trod ¦f he tangled, winding way. Oh, give me back my parents dear, As in their glorious prime; Oh let me see them once again As in the olden time. My brothers and my sistei s, too, Let them return once more, A joyful group as when they stood Within the cottage door. Oh, give me back my schoolmates, now Inmem'ry cherished dear. Oh, let me join with them again To bail the dawning year. Or let me see them in the class, Within the school room stand, As they were wont with teacher ther« To head the youthful band. Oh, let me see that maiden fair. With rose bloom on her cheek, I met along the woodland path, My heart too faint to speak. Or give to me those riper years When she stood by my side, In snowy robe of spotless white, A youthful, loving bride. LOGAN COUNTIES, 877 Oh, give me back those loved ones now, Whom we were wont to see. ' But years ago we laid them down Beneath the chui ch-yard tree. In fancy's visions oft we view Them as in days of yore; Oh, give them back, that we may look Upon their forms once more. Oh, give me back my youthful form, With healthful, ruddy glow, Those active limbs — then let me atand With those I used to know. Oh, give t|o me my youth again, If 'tis but for a night. Ere earth's dear treasurei one by one Ali vanish from my sight. If what I've asked may not be given. Then let me ask once more, That I may reach that land of light. Beyond this changing shore, "Where bloom and beauty never fade. But shine with luster bright, And day's eternal radiance Dispels tbe gloom of night. Harpbk, O., February 6, 1872. 26 PIONEER SKETCHES OF LOGAN COUNTY, BY JESSE ROBERTS. Mr. Joshua Antrim : — I am seated to write down a few items for the Pioneer Association of Logan county, aud will begin at RUSHCREEK LAKE. This is asmall body of water of near a hundred acres surface, connected with a swamp extending north on each side of Rush creek for near three miles, and south to near the Jerusalem Pike, where it crosses Mad River — raaking an aggregate length of about six or seven miles, with an average width of nearly three quar ters of a raile. This whole area has evidently once been a lake connecting the waters of Mad River and Rushcreek, the forraer running South, and the latter North. The streara of Rushcreek passes through this lake, which em braces a part of each of the townships of Ru,slici-eek and Jeflferson, and is in the track of the great tornado which passed over il about the year 1825 or 1826, and constituted what is farailiarly known as " The fallen tiraber," This lake abounds in fish, and has ever been the favorite resort for all lovers of the finny tribes, within reason able distance of its miry borders. It is rauch sraaller now than when first viewed by the early pioneers of our county, and scarce one hundredth part as large as it originally was. The swamp connected with it is much more firm now than forty years ago.— The tallest corn is now grown in soipe places where cattle would not then dare venture. The incidents connected with this lake I LOGAN COUNTIES. 379 cannot record with any great degree of accuracy. It was said the great tornado lifted the water to such an extent, that hundreds -. and thousands of fish could be found upon its shores. There was also a tradition that two Indians, in an attempt to wade into it from the shore, instantly sunk into the raire, and their-bodies were 'never recovered. I give this not as a fact, but as a tradition, cur rently talked of aud generally credited forty years ago, yet I never met a person who could verify th'e story. I can, however, attest, that all around the margin of the lake, as also in the bed of Rush creek, so far as the swamp extends, a person attempting to wade would sink beneath the raire as quick as in the water. If the In dians pursued a deer into the water, (as was said,) they could not have escaped being buried in the raire. In the period of fortj' years since I have known this lake, there has been but four persons drowned in it ; thefirst happened several yearsago, A raanby the naraeofEdsall,whowassubjectto fits, was fishing Hlone in a canoe, and in a spasm as was supposed, had fallen out and drowned. He resided near Zanesfield, and the past sum mer, his son about eighteen years of age was drowned in attempt- 'ing to bathe in its waters. About ten years ago two raen, Thos. Carson and Martin Long- staff, were both fishing in a sraall canoe and were upset in the water and drowned. In early times the pioneer girls and boys would resort there in companies, and amid the sublime scenery of that secluded spot, whisper their artless tales of love, in the deep shades of the lofty forest trees that stood on the beautiful knoll that overlooks its placid waters, and although it has since been divested ot much of its romantic grandeur, as' seen in the dense forest and heard in the songs of birds, it is still one of the chief features of interest in our locality, especially to strangers who visit here.' Extending west along thestream of Rushcreek above this lake, is a small valley suiTounded by hills, known as "LAZY HOLLOW," The first settlers of this hollow occupied much of their time in fishing, and manifested so little energy in the improvement of th e country, that the above name seemed appropriate, and hence its christening, perhaps, for all time ; and lest this name should make an unfavorable impression on the minds of future genera- 380 CHAMPAIGN AND tions respecting the first settlers of this hollow, I will say that Mr. James B. McLaughlin, nowa prorainent lawyer in Bellefontaine, is perhaps responsible for the narae, and as he was a resident of the hollow hiraself at the time, can not reasonably claim exemption frora the unfavorable impressions suggested by the title. There are also evidences of moral and Intellectual iraproveraent in the immediate vicinity of this hollow, which may be noted as among the flrst, north of Zane,sfield, I will here give the names of some of the first settlers in this vicinity : Daniel McCoy, was evidently the first settler here, and built a cabin on a farm now owned by Mr, Jamison, in the northern part of Jeflferson Township, a short distance from the Lazy Hollow School-house, This McCoy was here as early perhaps as 1810, of whom we will speak more par ticularly hereafter. Shortly after, Stephen Leas and Haines Parker settled in this sarae school district, perhaps as early as 1812, the forraer about three and a half railes north of Zanesfield, o« the west of Madriver, and the latter on the north of him, on the farm known as the Elliot farm, but now owned by Benjamin Shoots. Haines Parker was what was called a regular Baptist preacher, and in connection with the venerable George McColloch, Tharp's Run, below Zanesfield, established the first church on the waters of Rushcreek, The first-meeting house was erected about half a mile east of the Lazy Hollow School-house, on the road leading ft-om Harper to Zanesfield, near where the Bellefontaine and Wal nut Grove road crosses the Zanesfield and Harper road. It was a log hou.se, which stood for many years, but has since almost en tirely disappeared. The names of some of the prominent mem bers constituting that church were Haines Parker and his wife, Johnson Patrick, Samuel Patrick, Elijah Hull, Old Father Piatt, and some others, male and female members, whose names I de not now recollect. In 1832 the second meeting-house was built a raile and a half further north, and was called the Rushcreek Baptist Church, after which the forraer house was vacated, and the latter becarae the regular place of raeeting by the church. Connected with this second house, the first public grave-yard was established. It wae donated by Solomon Cover, who then resided on the fiarm now owned by Lucien D, Musselman, and the first person buried there was Samuel Patrick, in October, 1831, This meeting-house wae LOGAN COUNTIES. 381 evidently the first house of worship erected in Rushcreek Town ship; the forraer house was built in Jeflferson. North of Lazy Hollow, on a high hill in the south edge of Rushcreek Towship, the first school house was built in Rushcreek Township ; ii was on the Zanesfleld and Harper road, on a piece ot land now owned by Oliver Rayraond ; I can not give the date of its building, but it must have been prior to 1820. I find I was raistaken concerning the flrst meeting-house built ia Rushcreek Township, as stated in the above. The first meeting-house in Rushcreek township was built by the Quakers. It stood in a field now owned by John Q. Williams, near the San dusky road, four and half miles northeast of Bellefontaine; there is a grave-yard at the site of this meeting-house, vhich was laid •ut by old Thomas Stanfield, Sr., who was evidently the first white settler in Rushcreek Township. His first cabin stood on the north side of the old Stanfield farm, which is now occupied by Mr. Samuel Hall. It was built of verj' sraall logs, or r»ther poles, indicating the scarcity of hands at that period. Thomas Stanfield planted the first orchard near his cabin; many of the trees can be seen at present, (1871.) He was socially and religious ly connected with the first settlers in Marraon's bottom, and his grandson, Samuel Stanfield, told me that he came here in the year 1805, He was here during the war 1812, and continued on the old Stanfield farm up to the year 1823, when he died and was buried in the grave-yard which he had located. His wife, Han nah, died in 1880, and was buried by his side. He was succeeded by his son, Thomas Stanfield, Jr., who died in 1838. There is an incident connected with the history of this pioneer family which is worthy of record. Stanfield was a Quaker, and, like the celebrated William Penn, succeeded in securing the friendship of the Indians to such an extent that he felt compara tively safe to remain among thera during the war of 1812. They «ften visited his cabin, shared his hospitality, and raanifested marked friendship for him and his family. But it seems, frora some cause, they had become angry with Stanfield, and deter mined on a certain night to massacre the whole faraily. They ac cordingly concealed themselves in the bushes which surrounded the cabin about dusk in the evening, and lay there awaiting the darkness of the night, that they might carry out their fiendish plot. 382 CHAMPAIGN AND It seeras however, that Mr. Daniel McCoy, who is raentioned in a former article, had learned of their hellish design, and deter mined to try to rescue the family at all hazards. He accordingly comraunicated with the garrison at McPherson's near where our county Infirraary is now located, and proposed ari expedition to save the Stanfields. The garrison was weak at the time, and could not be induced to enter on such a perilous adventure, when McCoy declared he would undertake the rescue alone, against the remonstrances of his friends. After imbibing freeley in a social glass, he mounted a gray horse and started through the forest at dusk in the evening, and proceeded aloi.e to Stanfleld's, a distance of near seven miles. When he arrived within ii quarter of a mile of the cabin, he raised the-yell, saying, "Come on, here they are !" then doubling on his track rode back and forth a short dis tance several times, hallooing all the time for his men to "come on," as though he was accompanied by a legion of cavalry. Then putting his horse under full speed, galloped up to the cabin, in forming Stan field's of their imminent danger. The horses were immediately brought up, and the whole family, accompanied by McCoy, proceeded to Zanesfield, a distance of seven miles, where they remained a couple of weeks. On their return to the cabin, they found it had not been disturbed during their absence. They were told by the Indians after peace was concluded, that McCoy had saved their lives in the daring manner of his approach, in timidating them with the impression that he was supported by a strong force, as ho "one man," as they said, would manifest such daring boldness. I have been favored with the faraily record of Thoraas Stan field, Jr., and frora it transcribe the folio wing: "Thomas Stanfield was raarried to Margaret Reames, on the 30th of the sixth month, 1814, and lived with ray father two years, five months and twenty days, theA moved to my own house," This will date the occupancy ofthe old house on the Stanfield farra, on the site where Mr, Hall now lives, about Noveraber 20, 1816, which is about fifty years ago. Adding eleven years to this, in order to reach the year 1805, the date of building the.first cabin, we have about sixty-six years frora the beginning of the first set tlement in Rushcreek Tovvnship. And although sixty-six years have passed since that pioneer family settled here, there are still traces of their early labor. The old orchard trees, one pile of rub- LOGAN COUNTIES. S83 bish designating the .site of the flrst cabin ; the place where the old meeting-house stood, the old grave-yard, and raany other things that serve to carry the raind back to those primitive times. In the family record already alluded to, I find the follow ing in the hand-writing of Thoraas Stanfield, Jr, "Thoraas Staafield, Jr., departed this life 5th month, the llth, 1824, aged 76 years, 5 months and 12 days. Hannah Stanfield, his wife, departed this lite 9th month, the 28th, 1830, age not cer tainly known, but something rising eighty years," The bodies of this pioneer father and mother, now sleep side by side in the little grave-yard already noted; with thera also sleep many loved ones, descendants of the family, as also sorae of the associates of theirearly toils. Their graves are marked by hum ble and unpretending monuments, reared by the hand of affection, ere pride and ostentation had corrupted society. Qn a grave-stone of a pious grand-daughter who lies buried there, the following in scription may be read : "Though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I will fear no evil; for Thou art with me, Thy rod and Thy staff, they corafort rae." — Ps. xxiii:4. Passing through that grave-yard the other day, and trying to read the inscriptions on the moss-covered stones, my mind wan dered back to youthful days, when I stood with many who repose beneath these humble raonuraents, and Icould but say, "they still linger in meraory," calling up many pleasant scenes long num bered in the past, and to their raemory I inscribe the following verses : In the folds of mem'ry linger Youthful scenes now cherished dear, When we wandered in the wildwood, With the forms that slumber here. Oft we met in social pleasure. Youths and maidens full of ,9-!.- Neatly clad in homespun garmci..-, Free from pride and vanity. And when sickness sad and dreary Came within our forest home, And their services were needed, Ever faithful they would oome. Watching through night's weary hours. In the taper's feeble ray, mi CHAMPAIGN AND from the sable shades of evening Till the dawning of the day, Where are now those forms of beauty. Seen by us in days of j'ore? ©one, all'gone, we know not whither, Prom this ever-changing shore. Yet in mem'ry still they linger; Hope doth whisper, "Yet again We shall meet them— yes we'll greet them On the bright eternal plain." A»aron Reems built the first cabin and otade the first rails on the Sutherland farm, as early perhaps as 1814. The Dickey farm on the Sandusky road, was first settled by Thomas McAdams. The farm of Mr, Tadman, by Billy Stanfield; the Williaras farm by the Baldwins, (Daniel and Richard.) North of Greenville treaty line, on the westof Rushcreek and South ofthe Sandusky road, about the year 1825, we flnd Jonalhan Sutton who came from Kentucky and settled on what is known as the old Sutton farm. He built a sawmill on Rushcreek in 1833 or 1884, just above Sutton's. On the creek we find two old Penn.sylvania Dutch farraers, Soloraon Cover and Michael Musselraan. They were brothers-in-law, and spent their days here. Lucien D. Musselmen now owns the Cover farm and also part of the Musselraan farm. Old aunt Cover, widow ©f Solomon Cover, is still alive ; she is over ninety years old, and for several years her raind has been demented. Later than 1830, we note the arrival of other settlers on the west of Rushcreek. On the farm of Mr. James Ansley, about the year 1832, we find Jaraes McMaliill building a cabin. He came from Kentucky, with his amiable little wife Annie. He moved into his cabin. Hi ^ old flint lock rifle was placed above the door on the rack. One Sabbath raorning.the fire was out. He took down the rifle to "strike" flre. It was loaded. He was a Baptist, and would not discharge his rifie on the Sabbath; he plugged up the touch hole, filled the pan with powder, the tow and "punk" ready, the gun across his lap, the rauzzle pointing in the direction where little Annie was sitting in a split bottom chair, putting on her shoes ; he pulls the trigger— "bang" goes the rifle, the ball entering the high post of the chair on which his wife was sitting, loilai'-g in just bcicw T.ho chair bottom. Little Annie has long LOGAN COUNTIES. 385 since taken her place amid the "Angel band." Her husband, James McMahill, is now in Cabletown, Cliampaign county, 8(ad doubtless has "Ot forgotten the incident. The old chair was seen by the writer many years afterward with the rifle ball still in it, and may be still preserved as an antique relic by Mr. McMahill. Thomas Stanfield, Sr,, noted above, ira migrated from Tennessee. He had ten children — nine daughters aud one son (Thomas Stan field, Jr.). Old Wm. Reams, father of Mr. John Reams, in Lazy Hollow, im raigrated frora North Carolina, and settled in or near Marraon's Bottom, near the beginning of the present century, but moved to Lazy Hollow on the farra now owned by his son, John Reams, about the year 1816. This Wra. Rearas also had ten chil dren — nine sons and one daughter (Margaret). The latter wae married to Thoraas Stanfield, Jr., May 30th, 1814. This couple oe- cupied the old Stanfield farra, Rushcreek township, where they also raised ten children — six sons and four daughters ; one of the latter died at the age of twelve years. Abner Cox, who died in Lazy Hollow— first settled below Zanes field — took a seven years' lease on the land of old Jarvis Dougher ty, on Tharp's Run, but subsequently moved to Lazy Hollow, and settled on the east of the Rearas farm as early, perhaps, as the year 1814. This Abner Cox died here, and was buried on a hill a little north of where his cabin stood. His widow married a man by the name of Stilwell, who also died prior to 1831. The widow Stil- well's was a noted place forty years ago. Singing-schools, reli gious meetings, and youthful parties were frequently held at her house. She had four sons by her first husband (Cox) : Abner, John, Ike and Sam, all stout, hearty fellows, rather slack in busi ness, but what was termed good-hearted fellows, fond of company, and ever ready to entertain visitors. The old lady was rather a good worker, and equally fond of company as her sons ; hence her house was rather a favorite place of resort for the lovers of social pleasure in that day. She also had four children by Stilwell, among thera a deaf and dumb boy, called "Billy," whose peculiar igns and motions in communicating ideas were indeed novel to those familiar with him. Her oldest daughter, "Patty Stilwell," was rather a fine model of a healthful, and lively pioneer young lady, reared up in the forest, where schools and school-houses, like angel's visits, were "few and far between," She was cheer ful and kind-hearted, frank and artless in her manners, above me- *86 CHAMPAIGN AND diura size, rather graceful and easy in her moveraents. Not what the world would call a beauty ; yet good-looking enough to attract a fair share of attention frora the beaux, without incurring the envy of her sex. She was "Patty," and nobody else ; uniformly the same every day. .She was the first youthful bride Lazy Hol low produced ; I raean the first one born, reared and raarried there, and her wedding raay be noted as among the important events of that period. It was about the year 1833, 9 beautiful day in sumraer, or early autumn ; the asserably was large and promis- cous ; old, young, raiddle-aged, raarried and single, male and female, were present, raany who had never seen a wedding before. The bridegroora was a Mr. Wm. Dunston, brother to Jaraes Duns- ton, rather a portly, good-looking young man. The bride's waiter was a Mi.ss Patty Parker, daughter of Rev. Haines Parker. Mr, Joseph Dunston was waiter to the bridegroora. The officiating raagistrate was 'Squire Wra. McAmis. It was his first experience in legalizing the "ancient covenant," and his nerves gave evi- . dence of the weighty responsibility laid upon him. During the ceremony, a'death-like silence pervaded the spectators, until the concluding sentence, "I pronounce you man and wife," was heard, when Mr. ,Iohn Reams, called out at the top of his voice : "Now wfiere's my dollar?" (the legal fee of the magistrate at that period,) This was responded to by a hearty laugh from the whole assem bly, after which the congratulations of the guests were tendered to the bride and bridegroora. Many, doubtless, who will read this article, will remeraber the time when Patty was married. She shortly afterward left the .scenes of her youthful years, and with her husband moved to Michigan, where after a few years she was called to follow to the grave, him who had won her youthful heart. The naraes of the flrst settlers in this section who have not been noted, are as follows : John Moore, settled iraraediatel.y west of Wm, Reams, in 1818; Old Billy Tinnis, settled on the Whitebill farm, 1816; Old Thoraas Dunston, settled on the farra where his grandson, Mr. James Dunston now lives, perhaps as early as 1817. Thoraas Dunston was a Revolutionary soldier. John Reed first settled on what is now the McLaughlin farm, about 1816; he was succeeded by Samuel Ayers ; Old Johnson Patrick settled on what was once known as the Patrick farm, now owned by Joseph Kitchen, Stephen Marmon was the first settler on the Kitchen farm LOGAN COUNTIES. 387 immediately west of the lake, in 18.15. The "Tine BuUar" farm now owned by Dick Kitchen, was flrst settled by Moses Reams and David Norton, in 1815. The first ministers of the gospel who preached in this sectiim are as follows, so far as known to the wri ter: Haines Parker, George McColloch, Mr. 'Vaughn, and Tommy Price. These were of the Baptist order, and preached in the old raeeting house north of the Parker farm, as heretofore no ted. I will here transcribe a text read b.y Tommy Price as a foundation for a discourse in this old meeting-house: "And I saw as it were a sea of glass mingled with flre, and them that had got ten the victory over the beast, and over his image, and over his mark, and over the nuraber of his name, stand on the sea of glass, having the harps of God." Rev. xv:2. Of the raethodist preach ers, Robert ( asebolt and Thomas Siras, both preached at old widow Stilwell's frequently. Perhaps there are others not re raerabered now by the writer. In the vicinity of the old Baptist Church and grave-yard on the west of Rushcreek, Thomas Sutherland settled on the old Sutherland farra as early as 1816. His wife, Phebe, was a daugh ter of old Thoraas Stanfleld, Sr., remarkable for her industry and perserverance. She was what was called a midwife, and in this pro fession had a wide practice. She was faithful in her ministrations to the sick, and if a death occurred in the neighborhood, she could generally refer to sorae sign or token by which she had been previously warned of the sad event. She earned many dollars by digging "seng" after her loeation on Rushcreek. About the time of the arrival of James McMahill, as noted above, Mr, Joseph T, Ansley, also from Kentucky settled on the Ansley farm, Dr, Tom Green made the flrst improvements on this farm. He was also the first local physician in Rushcreek township. At this time (1832) Rushsylvania was not laid out, nor was there a single building on the site, Mr, James Clagg, who settled on the farm now owned by Mr, Qua, first conceived the idea of a town there. He svas an old "Virginian — a man of con.siderable intelli gence and enterprise, and laid out the town about the year 1834, It was nick-named "Clagg Town," in honor to its proprietor; but whether he felt particularly complimented by the title I am not ad vised, Thompson Hews erected a tavern where the drug store now stands; j[araes Elam kept a tavern and store on the corner where the post tjflS'ce is uow kept ; Robert Stephenson kept a tav- 388 CHAMPAIGN AND ern and smith shop on the corner of Ansley & Day; Jacob Nibar- ger kept a tavern where Heller's new house stands; he also sold goods. Ben Green had the potter shop ; Wm. Gipson preceded 8. B. Stilwell in the wagon shop. Rushsylvania was the seat of elec tions, petty musters, and was the center of commerce in Rushcreek tewnship. For several years whisky appeared to be a leading commodity i» trade. The presence of the bottle on the table of the Judges of election on election day, was not very rare ; neither was it a very rare occurrence to see a dozen men divested of their coats, appa rently anxious to flght on a public day. And while there are many citizens in the town who deplore the evils that exist now let them console themselves with the thought that the town has made great improvement in morals, literature and religion. The Big Spring, three railes north of Rushsylvania, was a noted place long before Rush.sylvania was thought of. One Lanson Curtis, who used to be a prorainent business man in Zanesfield, made the first improvement at the Spring. It is said that Curtis started in busines on a cargo of tinware which he borrowed from an East ern capitalist, in rather a novel manner : He was eraployed in the East to peddle the ware, and in one of his circuits he became be» wildered, and after traveling for several days, found himself with his cargo in the wilds of Logan eounty, where, by "Tin Panning," ke soon became a leading spirit in commercial and financial de partments of our new county, and gained many devoted, ardent admirers, who were much astonished when he afterwards was called upon to return the original "loan" (?) The earliest improvement in the vicinity of Big Spring, was just South of the old tavern stand — on what was originally known as the "Shepherd farm," — now owned by the widow Brugler. A man by the name of Shepherd first settled here, and his location was the first of any northwest of Rushsylvania. He had his leg and thigh mashed by the falling of a log in raising a barn on the Stamats farra, near Cherokee. This accident caused his death. Dr. B, S, Brown, then a young man, was present when his leg was araputated, several days after the accident. While Northwood established the principal depot on the line of the underground railroad, Rushsylvania, in an early day, ever stood ready to bring abolitionists to grief should they intrude LOGAN COUNTIES, 389 their odious sentiments on her comraunity. Eggs, tar, feathers, and rails were spoken of in connection with temperance and abo lition lecturers. Whether these articles were ever used as "regu lators" and protectors of the public weal, I leave tor others to say, whose experience might enable them to speak more positive, eon- tenting myself with the narrative of the following incident as an index to public sentiment thirty-five years back. In the North west corner of Rushcreek Township, in the vicinity of "White Town," on the Miami, the following incident occurred : Two men from Bellefontaine pursued a couple of runaway slaves into Hardin county, where they arrested thera, and started back. When they arrived at Israel Howell's, where Wm, Stewart now lives, they halted and staid all night. In the morn ing one of the negroes took up a cane belonging to one of the captors, and struck one ofthe white men a blow on the head, shivering the cane, a piece of which flew and struck a little girl of Mr, Howell's in the eye, as she lay in the trundle-bed, destroying the eyeball entirely. The negroes both broke and run ; one tak ing up the river and the other down. Both white men started in pursuit of the one who had taken up the river, learning by this time that difficulties attending negro catching, demanded at least two white men to one negro. Thus we see that not only Rush sylvania, but even Bellefontaine, was afiElicted with the mania of negro catching at that day. The little girl spoken of, who lost her eye in that fray, is now the wife of Peter Fry, near Rushsylva nia, Another incident connected with negro catching happened late, A man by the name of Covert kept the Big Spring Tavern; he had a log rolling, Jesse Bryant, the first military captain in Rush creek Township, was among the hands. Three runaway slaves carae along the road, and the "Big Captain" (Bryant) organized a force and arrested them. He, with his accomplices, started with their black prize to Kentucky, When they arrived at West Lib erty, some of the citizens there demanded of them their authority for holding the negroes in custody, Bryant replied that the ne groes had acknowledged they were runaway slaves, and on this acknowledgement they held them. This did not satisfy the im pertinent citizens of West Liberty, who obtained a warrant and had Bryant and his company arrested on the ground ©f man- stealing. And while they were held in custody, the negreee get 390 CHAMPAIGN AND away, and the corapany lost their prize. Bryant and his cora pany were detained until they could have witnesses brought frora horae to establish their innocence. In concluding this article, I will give the naraes of the flrst set tlers of the Miarai, and dates, as far as I have been able to learn thera : 1823, the Israel Howell farra, now Wm. Stewart's, was flrst settled by Calhoun, who was succeeded by Simeon Ransbottom— next by Israel Howell, who held the flrst post-office there, about the year 1825, or 1826. The Crawford farm was settled by Young, in 1827; the Hopkins farm, by Hazard Hopkins, 1828; the Dun lap farra, (formerly White Town) by Wm. White, 1829; the Her vey, or old Irvin farra, by Wra. Patterson, 1828 ; the Clark farm by Wm. Holt, 1828; The Laughlin farm by Hiram Hukill, 1829 ; the Anderson farra, by J"ohn B- Anderson; the farra of W. K. Newman, by Silas Thrailkill, 1826— succeeded by Arthur Roberts, 1828; the K. H. Howell farra by Wra. Patterson, 1829; the Riche.y farra by Jaraes Stephenson, 1827— succeeded by Wra. S. Johnston, 1880 ; the Simon Ensley farm, .settled by Almond Hop kins, 1828 — succeeded by Moses West, Wra. Creviston, Linus Cut ting, John Roberts, and Siraon Ensley ; the Wra. Roberts fartn, settled by Henry Fry, 1828 ; Melcher Crook settled the Thoraas farm, 1830; Ben. Carson settled the Hume farra, 1829; Jonas Fry settled the farm west of Joel Thoraas, 1829 or 1830 ; the farm of John Kerns, by Jacob Kerns ; the Beaver farm, by Mr, Bower, 1832. Besides the above naraes in this locality, we have the Der- we.sters, or Whacters, as they were familiarly known. Among them the noted Ben. Whacter, whose muscular strength was that of a giant ; and who came to his end by a blow inflicted with a pair of flre tongs, by the hand of a female whom he had undertii- ken to abuse. I will mention some incidents connected with the flrst school taught by the writer, 1837-38. The school-house on the south-east corner of Jerome Musselraan's land, in District No. 5, Rushcreek township, has long since disappeared, and was rather a rude struc ture when new; yet I confess that could 1 see it to-day as it was in the fall of 1837, when I first engaged in the responsible occupation of instructing the youth in that locality, it would be of far more in terest to me than the most costly and well-arranged school-house that has been built in our township since that time. Its rude floor, clap-board roof, mud and stick chimney, six foot fire-place. LOGAN COUNTIES. 391 bench seats, slab writing-desks, paper windows and rough door hung on wooden hinges are all treasures in raemory, and, viewed through the lapse of nearly forty years, they seein raore vivid than scenes of but yeste-day. But who lived here then? Henry Rosbrough lived on the Jerorae Musselraan farra, in the old house which stood near the old log raeeting-house, near Mr. Ticen's; Rosbrough sent three children to school, John, George, and little Mary, To say they were good children is certainly due to the memory of their sainted mother, "Aunt Peggy," as we were wont to call her, who has since then taken her place in the mansions above. Old man Richardson settled on the farm where R6.s- brough then lived, sometime between 1820 and 1825. On the farm of William Stephenson, lived the old widow Hews ; John Wolf was the flrst there. The widow Hews was a pious Presbyterian lady, correct in her deportment. Hirara and Perry, her twe sons, young raen atthe tirae, and Phebe and Eliza, her two daughters, young women, were with her. Perry and the two girls came to school, and it is but just to say my acquaintance with this faraily is a source of many pleasant reflections on the scenes of olden times, when they bore a part with us in them. On tne Barney Kautzman farm, old Jamie McAmis, who raarried the widow Rosbroiigh, (whose flrst husband, Hilkiah Rosbrough, flrst settled this farra. "The Big Spring" here is the source of Millcreek;) lived with Aunt Susie, Here was little George Rosbrough, Pete, Mike and Tora, all pupils in the school, good fellows, and ever dear to memory and hope. A little to the east was old Benny Hodge, and Abraham Deardorff, Bill Hodge, Jesse, Jim, Henry, and little Betty — all pupils in the school. And again, Abe Deardorff, John and Susan ; count them also, A little nearer the fallen timber on the King farm, we flnd old Jake King, six feet high, of at least two-hundred pounds avordupois, and as terrible as he was big. Here were his four oldest children— Julia Ann, Nancy, Martha and Bill — the two former nearly grown. None could fail to see the parental unkind ness had so discouraged them, that youth was but a dreary bondage, only endured by the hope that some day they would be free from the galling parental yoke. They came to school. That the teacher was "partial" to those children is not unlikely, yet all others would say such partiality was demanded in the case, and none felt that it was wrong. 392 CHAMPAIGN AND Near the line of Bokescreek township, old Hezekiah Starbuck lived. He had his second wife; his steo-children, Eliza and Da vid Adams, came to school, Eliza was nearly grown, David younger. They were pleasant in their disposition and highly es teemed in school. But close to Starbuck's was found Lawson Ru- dasill. He earae frora the high hills of Old "Virginia, and settled in the level country. He was a school director, and rather a well inforraed raan to be found so far out in the woods. Religiously, they called hira a "Carapbellite"— not a very great compliment at that day. Wesley and Winfield, two of his boys came to school, I always loved them for their independence and dignity, and as I was teaching for ten dollars a month and boarding with the schol ars, I often went home with these boys. It was here and about this time that I concluded to engage in a new enterprise. This Rudasill had a girl at horae that he did not send to school ; she was perhaps seventeen or eighteen years old — born and reared on the high hills of Old 'Virginia, It looked rather hard that she should wear out hor life amid those "gloomy swails," and there fore, for these and other considerations which may be guessed by the reader, I persuaded her to accompany me to a more elevated locality. This arrangement was consummated during the stormy scenes of "Tippecanoe and Tyler too ;" and as my old friend (silver smith) John Miller was a very acceptable "Campbellite" preacher at that time, his services were solicited and thankfully received on the occasion, and though he has wandered far from where he stood then, I must confess that he did a good strong job — tied a knot that has held for more than thirty years, and I have no longer to go frora horae to find a school, as we have now one of our own that requires most of our attention, John Miller claims rank araong the progressive "Spirits," and I shall not here call in question what he assumes or claims in this respect. On the farm now owned by William George, on Rushcreek, old man Rodaker settled. He was the first 'Squire in Rushcreek town ship. An incident connected with his official duties is worthy of note : About the year 1833, the trustees of the township sued some man on Taylorcreek on account ofsome stray animals those men had taken up. Suit was brought before Rodaker; Anthony Casad was engaged as counsel for the defendants. After the evidence pre and con had been heard, Casad arose to make a speech. The 'Squire teld him he would allow no "speechifying" in the case, reraark- LOGAN COUNTIES, 393 Old Billy Rubart succeeded Rodaker on this farm, and built a grist mill on Rushcreek, perhaps tho first grist rnill built in Rush creek Township, This Rubart did not find his "affinity" in his first wife, and after raising several children, left her and sought a more congenial spirit. In reviewing the series of Pioneer Sketches whicii I have writ ten, I find some errors, and withal, a want of systematic arrange ment in noting the early settlers of the locality for which I ara writing. And should the pioneer book be published it is desirable that it should be as correct ia its details as our facilities for col lecting material will allow. Although born and reared in the woods, I will say with William Hubbard, that I am scarcel.y old enough for a correct reminiscent, especially so far as Log.in county is concerned, as my location here was fifteen years too late to record^ experimentally the scenes and incidents of olden tiraes. True, I eould tell soraething about Logan county forty years ago, when Zanesfield and Bellefontaine would almost have envied Harper, as she is now, for her magnificence and grandeur ; when Job Gar wood kept the tavern stand in Zanesfield, where S, Y, Leas now owns. It was there we stayed all night, in the fall 6f 1831, as my father with his family moved from Clinton county, Ohio, to my present home on Rushcreek, I could speak something of the gen teel and aristocratic Lansing Curtis, who kept a store in Zanesfield then, I could tell how this dignified personage accommodated my father, and other new comers, by loaning them money atthe mod erate and charitable rate of twenty-five per cent, interest, I could tell about hump-shouldered Charles Amy, who clerked in the store of Curtis; sorae said he was lazy, but I rather liked him, and will not hand down to posterity so odious an impression. Let me sug gest to those who may still remember his sleepy manner of getting arouud, that perhaps after all "he was only born tired." I could tell of Dr. Crew, He was here then, and also Dr, Marmon; and tirith the old doctors of Bellefontaine, Brown, Lord and Hartley, whom to the old settlers, whenever the names of these pioneer physicians are mentioned, there arises in the heart emotions of TCneration and gratitude, for their vigilance and faithful ministra tions when disease and suffering fell within the forest home. And while those who knew thera not then, may 'pass thera by to-day with seeming indifference, as though the world was no better off 27 894 CHAMPAIGN AND by them having lived, we can never, never be so inconsiderate. They have reared a raonuraent of affection and gratitude in the hearts of those who shared with them the toils and privations of pioneer life that will outlive the wastes of time and the ravaging scenes of death. I could tell of Col. Mart. Marmon, as he was mounted on his noble charger, in full uniforra, as he, with stentorian voiee, gave comraand at general rauster at Zanesfield or Bellefontaine, on the third Friday of September. I could tell of old Billy Henry, who was riding around araong the citizens, listing their personal prop erty for taxation, when the uniforra price of horses was forty dol lars per head and colts thrown in, and cows eight dollars per head. I could tell when the roads on the east and west of Mad River, leading north were only narrow cart ways, walled in on either side by raighty forest trees for many miles. I could tell when the head of Mad Rivernear the Jerusalem pike was a lake, when "dug outs" were rowed over it, but now its bed is cultivated by Mr. Eas ton. I can well reraeraber seeing Jack Parkinson, who first settled on the farm where Simon Kenton was buried. And also Jim Parkinson, who first settled on the Sabert Wren farm. Old Jamie Watkins lived on the Lloyd farm. Henry and William Watkins, his sons, and Harriet, his daughter, were well known then. Old Billy McGee with his young folks, Joab, Sally and Jane all come up in memory as but of yesterday. Old Ralph Low, and that oddity of a Sam Surls, is st.ill fresh in meraory. Also Joe Collins, Sam and Jonathan Pettit, with George Parker — four rather adven turous spirits, who were permitted to occupy the old county jail for a period of ten days, in consequence of having disturbed the slumbers of old Stephen Leas at an unseasonable hour. There was Brice Collins, also, who once built a ' house on Rushcreek Lake, but was so haunted by the "chills," despite the whisky he sold, he abandoned the enterprise in disgust. On the farm of Jacob Rudy, we find Nicodemus Bousman, 1828; on the farm of Oliver Corwin we find my grandfather, John Rob erts, 1830 ; also a little later we find James Logan, 1832. Old Joel Thomas, father to Joel Thomas of Rushcreek Township, was the flrst settler on grandfather Roberts' land in 1824. Enoch Lunda was there about the same time, Wm. McAmis settled in this neighborhood on the'McAmis farm in 183Q. On the farm of Jacob Arbegast, old John McClure settled, about 1824. His son Jacok LOGAN COUNTIES, ;«» was on the Grimes farm. Old John Wilson flrst settled on the Jasinsky farm about 1824 ; Thomas Dickinson settled the Dickin son farm in 1830 and 1831 ; Benjamin Butler, the Nieper farm in 1882; Robert Dickinson, the Wm, Wren farm in 1833; Joseph Tenry*flrst settled the Brockerman farm where Isaiah Corwin now lives, in 1832 ; Tenry was succeeded by McNeal, Robert Wilson settled on what was once Downingsville, and kept a small store there, perhaps the flrst store in Rushcreek Township, in 1832 or 1833; Wm, Roberts and Andrew Roberts flrst settled Wilson Mo- Adams' old farm in 1830, The old Pugh farm was settled by Joh« Prater, 1824 ; the Johnson Ansley farm by Wm, Smith, 1825 ; the George Ansley farm by Mr, Keneda, about 1829 or 1830 ; the farm of Martin McAdams by Conrad Collins, 1826. This man. also flrst settled on the farm of Mr. Barber, 1832. The farm where David Pugh now lives, was settled by the Baldwins in 1832 ; the Johnson farm was settled by Jacob Johnson, in 1832 ; the farm ot Peter Kautzman by Nelson Tyler, in 1828 ; the farm of Matthew Hale by Wm, Riley, in 1828 ; the farm of Nathan Hocket by Abraham Deardorff, in 1828 ; the farm of Olark Williams by Sam uel Ruth, in 1825; the farm of Martha Bronson by Benjamin Green, in 1823, Walnut Grove was flrst occupied by William Trent, in 1836, He did not succeed in flnding his "affinity" when he married his wife, but lived with her near twenty years before he met the congenial spirit, Elijah and Jesse Fawcet settled on Millcreek about the year 1833 or 1834, Andrew Roberts settled oa the farm of W, W, Sutton, about 1838, Old Natty Monroe settled dn theMonroe farm about 1834, Old Sterling Heathcock, the first colored resident in Rushcreek Township, settled on what is knowa. «s the Sterling &rai, in 1838, \ RECOLLECTIONS OF MY CHILDHOOD. My meraory wanders back over the path of life fifty years ago^ and finds rae a small boy, located near Mount Tabor, Champaign County, Ohio. Meraory — that inestimable faculty of the mind, without which, all the past would be a blank— with what tenacity it preserves and how vividly it retains the impressions of by-gone years ! How we love to linger among scenes of our childhood ! How enchanting the view 1 In raemory we live our life over again. Oh ! peaceful, happy days, with what reluctance we leave you! But time, the inexorable tyrant, compels us to leave you. We drop a tear of sorrow and so Kid you good bye, I see I am wandering frora my purpose, for I propose to give a sketch of pioneer life, scenes and incidents fifty years ago. Let us ascend some prominent point where we can have a command ing view of the surrounding country. Having gained our posi tion, what do we see? Away in' the distance it appears to be an unbroken forest, as far as the eye can reach. The lofty tops of the majestic trees, with their rich foliage seem to blend together form ing a vast sea of the purest green. Taking a nearer view, we see the landscape raore diversified. Here is hill and dale, and be neath our feet runs the far-famed Madriver and Macacheek, Along the banks of these streams are spread out in quiel beauty those prairies with their carpets of green, bespangled with a pro fusion of the richest flowers ; and as if to beautify the landscape, you see sraall groves of timber closely clustered together in the midst of these beautiful prairies, inviting- to their peaceful and •ooling shade the nimble and graceful wild 'deer that has been cropping the luxuriant grass along the banks of those limpid LOGAN COUNTIES. *397 streams that slacked their thirst. How lovely the scene! How inviting the clime ! No wonder that as soon as this country was known, the hardy sons of toil of the older States flocked by scores to these rich valleys, for they are all they were ever represented to be. In this early day the streams were alive with fish, and it is said that nearly every hollow tree was filled with bees, gathering their rich store frora the abundance of flowers that grew with such lux uriance all over the country. The forests were alive with the deer, the turkey, the pheasant, the quail and the squirrel— all fur nishing the raost abundant and richest raeat for the table of the hardy pioneer. Nor is this all. We call the attention of the horticulturist to dame nature's garden. See with what munificence she supplies all the wants of her creatures, even in the wilderness. The pio neer gathers in a supply of the richest of fruits — the grape bower extends over hill and dale for miles around — I raight say all over Ohio, and pluras of every hue frora the white transparent to the orange and the red, with a variety of flavor that would satisfy the taste of the most fastidious epicure. What shall I more say ? Time would fail rae to speak of blackberries, strawber ries and cranberries that were abundant in the north-east of Logan County. Those unacquainted with the ijriraitive state of things in this country may think I am romancing, but the old pioneers know that I have not exaggerated. But now listen! We hear tho sound of the woodman's ax, and anon the crash of the sturdy oak that has defied the storms of • ages. Again we hear the bark of the sturdy mastiff' or the roar of the hound as he is in hot pursuit of his favorite game, the fox. And here and there we see the smoke of the log cabin as it ascends in graceful folds from the hurable dwelling of the backwoods- raan. But I now leave this rude and imperfect sketch .of natural scenery as it presented itself to the spectator in the early day, and attempt to give you some incidents in th^ life and manner of the first settlers. I might speak of the flax-pullings, where young gents and la dies, side by side, taking the flax by the top, pull it up by the roots, thus working all day in the hot .sun, pulling acres of flax and setting it in bunches; the log rollings, and the dance at night. aes CHAMPAIGN AND which all took muscle; and that they had, for it was their entire capital. I now introduce to you one of those pioneer young ladies. She lived near Mount Tabor, about fifty years ago. She was about eighteen years old. Her name was Polly Latty. Though but a small boy, I remember her personal appearance. She was about the medium size, dark hair, black eyes that sparkled like dia monds, with a flgure that a sculptor would be glad to take for a model. With all these personal graces, united with a lovely dis position, and with an intellect of the highest order, and with some degree of culture, it is to be expected that she would be a subject of admiration by the young gentlemen, and of envy by some of the young ladies. Withal, Polly was smart at anything she undertook to do. Spinning flax was one of the comraon eraployraents of that day. Polly had said she had spun a certain araount in a day, (I forget now exactly how rauch). It was disputed, nurabers saying they could spinas rauch in a day as she could, and they, though they did not like to dispute her word could not spin that amount, Polly did not like to be charged witn misrepresenting, and quite a teeling was aroused in the neighborhood. A proposition was made to test the matter. A number of young ladies entered the list as competitors. I do not know what the prize was, but I am informed that James Wall, then a young man, but now deceased, told her that if she would spin the araount she clairaed she could he would get her the best dress in Champaign county. The day arrived for the trial. It was at Colonel David Kelley's house, or rather his barn, where the spinning was done, Mrs, Archibald Hopkins was' -to reel the thread. She reeled for Polly that day forty-eight cuts, spinning several cuts more than she had agreed to spin. I would here say that she held her flax in her hand, and not on a distaff, as was the general custom. It is natural for us to desire to know the end of so brilliant a be ginning in life. As was to be expected, soon afterthisshe married and "done well," She emigrated with her husband to some dis tant portion of the country, but I am not able to ascertain where ; and so far as I know, she is still living. And if this sketch of pio neer life meet her view, I hope she will excuse the liberty I have taken with her narae in connection with these reminiscences of my childhood, Por the above facts, I am mainly indebted io John Thompson, Miss Ann Cowgill, and Mrs, Randall— the daughter of Col. Kelley. I.XX5AN COUNTIES. 399 * POLLY LATTY— NEWS FOR MR. ANTRIM. Messrs. Editobs :— Little did I expect, after being absent lrom your county for the term of thirty-two years, that when I returned here on a visit 1 should be induced to make my appear ance in your columns; but in looking over your issue of the 7th inst. the other evening, and discovering a quotation from the reminis cences of Mr. Joshua Antrim, published from the -Bellefontaine Press, I am impressed that I would not be doing respect to Mr. Antrim, to the many readers of your valuable paper, to Polly's many friends and acquaintances, and to her sacred memory, if I did not continue the narrative some further and reraove the gloom submerged in it. It is correct as far as it goes. Then let rae say that I ara the man with whora the pioneer Polly Latty twined in the year 1826, in who.se embraces we lived forty-three and one-half years. On November 30th, 1869, she left these mundane shores for mansions not made with hands, eternal in the skies (as we verily believe,) While encircled in Hymen's chains she lived a prominent mem ber of society, agood partner, a kind mother, and benevolent sister. She rejoiced when she was dying that she was passing the gates to endless joys. We left this county in the year 1839, and settled in Hancock county, Illinois, where she died. She was the mother of nine children and had sixteen grandchildren. Five of her chil dren are dead, and four of her grandchildren. One of the four died in the service during the late war. One of Polly's daughters lives in Plymouth, III., one in St, .Louis, and two of ber .sons live in Cass county, Iowa, All are doing well. Your humble servant settled in Champaign county in April, 1807, was united with the pioneer Polly Latty April 15, 1826, and emigrated to western Illinois, Hancock county, October, * From the Urbana Citizen arid Gazette. 400 CHAMPAIGN AND 1839, and was bereft of ray partner (the pioneer girl) on the 30tk of November, 1869, and to-day, Sept, 14, 1871, ara in Urbana, and have.this day plucked another angelic bloora from old Cham paign's fair bowery, and who now stands by my side, and whe now promises to sustain, corafort and protect rae through the de cline of life. In a few hours we will be wafting our way toward the western horizon, toward the setting sun, to or beyond the father of waters, to our cozy home. If the second tulip compares with the flrst, will I not hold old Champaign in grateful remem brance ? WlLJUAM DABNAIX, Sept. 14, 1871. HIDDEN TREASURE BY BD. Ij. morgan. One of the early settlers of Champaign County, was Richard Stanup, a "Virginian, and a man of color. When the writer flrst knew him, he lived on the hill a short distance north of the place where Mr. Saul Clark now lives, in Salem Township, about one mile north of Kings Creek, in sight of that creek and its beautiful valley. A short distance east of the spot where Stanup then lived and on the brow of the hill, which inclines to the south, lie buried the mouldering remains of a number of huraan beings, white, red and black, without a stone to raark the place of their earthly re pose, A few short years and they and the jilace where their ashee lie, will pass frora the memory of man. Richard was a Baptist preacher, known to many of our citizens of the present day, for he lived to a great age, and died a few years ago at the age of about one hundred and twelve years, Stanup, although comparatively an illiterate colored man, was in the prime of life, and before the comraenceraent of his second childhood, one of the ablest preachers of his tirae. His coinpiri- sons and illustrations were raostly drawn frora living nature, as it then existed, and could be easily understood by the learned scholar, or the unlettered plow boy. The writer once heard him preach the funeral of a young colored woraan, at the grave-yard before raentioned ; after describing the punishraent of the wicked in their place of torment in another world, he spoke of the hap- 402 CHAMPAIGN AND piness of the righteous in heaven, and when he came to describe that happy place, he pointed toward the beautiful valley which lay before us, then clothed with wild prairie flowers of every color and variety that was pleasing to the eye, trom the "rose of Sharon" to the hurablest "Jurap up Johnny," and said that to us here was a pretty sight, but only a faint reserablance of the coun try to be hereafter inherited by the righteous. Richard was not only a good preacher, but a good hand to dig wells. He and Major Anderson did raost of the well digging in this part of the county, (Salem,) in old times. Between forty and fifty years ago Stanup was employed by John McAdams, Esq., to dig a well on his farm. McAdaras then lived upon a farm which is now owned by M. Allison Wright, and is situated about one mile south of Kennard, and on the Atlantic and Great Western Railroad. The digging was begun about the 1st of September, and atthe depth of about sixty feet the old man "struck water," and iraraediately inforraed those above of the good news. As was the custom on such occasions, a bottle was fllled with whisky, corked with a corn cob, and placed in a "piggin," which was let down to the bottora of the well in a large tub, which was used to draw up the sand and gravel. At the raoraent the tub and its contents reached the bottora of the well, it began to cave in, and instantly covered the tub, bottle and piggin. Stanup seized hold of the rope and climbed slowly until he had ascended something more than half way to the top of the well, when the earth gave way and the unfortunate man was covered up with dirt, sand and coarse gravel, at least twenty feet below the surface. All the men and woraen who were present and able to work, went at it to re move the earth as soon as po.ssible, and the younger portion of the family were sent in haste to alarm the neighbors. It was late in the evening when the body of Richard was reached, and all sup posed that life was extinct. The rubbish having been removed frora the upper part of his body, Mrs. McAdaras cut a few yards of linen from a web she had in her loom, which was placed around his body, below the arras; to this was fastened the well rope, and the body was drawn up by the raen at the windless. On reaching the surface all .supposed that life had fled ; not the slightest syraptoras of breath or pulse could be detected ; yet as there was some warmth about the body, every known remedy was LOGAN COUNTIES. 403 applied, and after a long time there began to be signs of life ; breathing could be perceived for a few moments and then ceased, when all present said in a loud voice, "Richard is dead !" This appeared to rouse him up ; he again rallied, and with a voice au dible to all he exclaimed, "I is worth two dead niggers yet !" The "hidden treasure" consists of a mattock, shovel, large tub, piggin and bottle of whisky, at the bottora of the well, where they now are, untouched by huraan hands, and the whisky un- tasted by mortal lips. Now, as the question as to the relative raerits of old and new whisky if! still unsettled, I propose that some gentleman test the matter by unearthing the whisky I have here described, and all I ihall ask for giving account of its whereabouts, will be thefirst swallow frora the old bottle, after the cob shall be removed. 'PIONEER POLLY. BY ED. U MORQAW. On the 7th of Septeraber last,* you published an extract from a coraraunication furnished the Bellefontaine Press by Mr. Joshua Antrim, in which he gave a short account of a day's spinning by Polly Latty, many years ago. On the 14th of the same month, Gen. Wm. Darnall, who "twined" with the said Polly in 1826, furnished a communication for the Citizen, for the purpo.se, as he said, of removing the "gloom submerged" in the narrative of Mr, Antrim. But as the General has not given a full account of the transaction referred to, the matter is still "submerged in gloom," so far as a large majority of your readers are informed. But we must excuse him for his negligence, as his timeandattontion were wholly given to that "angelic bloom" which he had just "plucked from old Charapaign's fair bowery." May their union be a jiroe- perous and happy one, is the wish of their friend. I will now endeavor to give a true account, in detail, ofthe whole transaction, so far as ray inemoiy will permit, for I was well ac quainted with all the parties concerned, and with the details ofthe circurastances at the time they transpired. It is well known that in the early days of the settleraent of the country, each family that was blessed with women, old or young, married or single, pos.sessed also at least one weaver's loom and one small spinning-wheel tor each woman, or girl in the family. Those "little wheels" were used for spinning fiax and tow, and in very early times for spinning *From the Urbana Citizeii and Qazette. LOGAN COUNTIES, 405 eotton, which was carded with hand cards after the seeds were picked out by the little boys and girls, and of that thing of pick ing cotton the youngsters sometiraes got very tired, as I well know by experience. How happy they were when the cotton gin was invented ! Each family was also provided with at least one "big wheel," On this they spun the wool, which was also carded by hand until carding-raachines were invented. They had reels on which to wind the thread, or yarn, after it was spun. These reels were about three feet in diaraeter, and had an instrument made of wood, and attached to the front part of the reel, which reserabled the rainute hand of a clock. This hand would go once around while the reel turned one hundred and twenty tiraes, and every tirae the hand went round, the reel would "crack," which was evidence that there was a "cut," or one hundred and twenty threads upon the reel. A dozen cuts per day was considered a woraan's task; if she spun raore she was entitled to additional pay. The coraraon wages paid to a good spinner was fifty cents per week. If she spun less than twelve cuts per day, she was "docked" in proportion to the nuraber of cuts less than a dozen. The young men in those days of "old fogyisra," when they deter mined to select a partner to accorapany thera through the journey of life, would, in the flrst place, ascertain whether or not his best beloved could or would spin her dozen of flax thread per day, turn a pancake unbroken, without touching it, and land it in the pan un soiled, raend her husband's buck-skin hunting over-garraents, and knit her own and the baby's woolen stockings. If she possessed all these necessary qualifications, she seMora failed to become a happy bride and an honored and respected wife. Such being tho state of affairs, it is but reasonable to suppose that there was, to a certain extent, a rivalry and a laudable desire on the raind of each young woraan (the vulgar narae of lady was not then ap plied to them) to out-do all others, not so much in looks, flne, costly dress and painted cheeks, but in useful industry, general good raanageraent, and behavior. The most popular qualiflcatlon of a young woman was that of a good spinner, consequently all endeavored to excel in that business, and spinning parties becarae the order of the day, Polly Latty was the daughter of Robert Latty, who at an early day settled upon a farra in Salem township. Champaign county, which farm he afterwards sold to Joshua Bufflngton, who now re- 406 CHAMPAIGN AND sides at West Liberty, Logan county, having sold the farra to the Stewart brothers, who are sons of Archibald Stewart, deceased, Polly was a fine specimen of s pioneer Buckeye girl , of rather more than raediura' stature, well formed, healthy and handsome. She was not ashamed nor afraid of work; as a spinner '.she never was excelled; at a fiax pulling frolic, or a house warming, she had but few equals. Once upon a time, I believe it was in 1824 or 1825, but I am not certain as to the precise time, Polly had concluded to do the greatest day's work that had ever been perforraed by a single person. A tirae and place had been selected for the pur pose—a log barn in the neighborhood was to be the place, and the time from sunrise to sunset on a certain day. At early dawn on the day appointed, the pioneer girl and her raother, with a goodly nuraber of the neighbors, were asserabled at the appointed place, and everything haviat; been duly arranged, the first whirr of the ,spinning-wh.'^l w:i3 tiHard the nioinentthe sun raade his appear ance in thee ,;tern horizon, and it ceased not for a rainute until the sun had ."isappeaved behind the distant hills that border the beautiful val!y of Mad river. The mother and another woman waited upon Polly during the day of her trial and hard work, and supplied her with victuals and drink, that she might not be hin dered on that account. One of them also reeled the thread as fast as the spools were filled. Noon arrived; it was. "high twelve;" half the day was gone, but half the promised work was not yet done. Polly must hurry up or surrender the laurels to another. Her attendants now inclosed that part of the barn where she sat, by hanging around her a number of sheets, blankets and quilts, at a proper distance, so as to form a kind of private room in which they should not be exposed to the view of vulgar outsiders nor interrupted and hindered by their annoyance. As evening ap proached, fears were entertained by the girl and her mother that the task wouhl not be accomplished before sunset; she therefore put forth all her energy, determined to do the utmost in her power. The wheel now hummed and whirled faster than at any time before, and that no expedient should go untried in this crit- al moment, like Burn's Nannie, in times of old, "She coosed her rtuddys to the wark, And linket at it in her sark." It is said that time, patience and perseverance will accomplisk all things. It was so in this case. As the last rays of the setting LOGAN COUNTIES. 4(W snn were glimmering over the western horizon, and shone faintly upon the round logs of that now extinct barn, the last "qrack" of the reel was heard to announce the completion of the forty-eighth "cut" and the fourth dozen. The pioneer girl was victorious, and that triumph shaped her destiny in after life. Soon after the spinning was done, an account of the great feat was published in a newspaper, giving the name and place of residence of the spinner. Gen, Wm. Darnall, who had never before heard the name of Polly Latty, on reading the story, at the place where he was keeping school, at some distance from here, iraraediately formed a determination to see, become acquainted with, and, if possible, to enter into a life partnership with the best spinner of the time. All this he finally accomplished, although in his case, as in nearly all others, the current of true love did not always run smooth, for Polly had other admirers; but wisely selected the one of her choice. She had several brothers and sisters. I know of but one living, her sister Sarah, who mar ried Benoni Barnes, and lives near Addison, in this county. There may be others, but I know of none. Gen. Wm, Darnall, at the time he became acquainted with "Miss Latty, was, like the writer, a "school-master," and Judge Vance, of our Probate Court, was one of his scholars. Soon after the pas sage of the first school laws by the Ohio Legislature, in 1825, John- athan E. Chaplin, Wm, Darnall and rayself were appointed the first school exarainers in Champaign Couaty. Mr. Chaplin was an attorney-at-law, but afterwards abandoned the practice of law and became a Methodist preacher. He passed from time to eter nity many years ago. Now reader, you have, as I believe, a true history of "Pioneer Polly," given in part by Mr, Antrim, in part by her husband, and in part by your humble servant. Here is an instance in which a young woman, before unknown to fortune and to fame, by her personal labor and great industry, in a single day laid the foundation of a long, prosperous and happy life. Permit me to •ay to the present generation of girls, "Go thou and do likewise," PIONEER PRACTICE OF MEDICINE IN LOGAN COUNTY, BY B. 3. BROWN, M, D. Having been requested to contribute soraething in regard to the Pioneer Physicians of Logan county, I have thought that it might not be uninteresting to the physicians of tho county at the present time, and to others, to be told of the very great difference between the practice ofthe profession now, and what it was thirty to fifty years ago, especially in regard to the arduous work and fatigue nec essarily involved then, and now. Now, since the county has be corae thickly settled, there are generally frora two to flve or six doctors in each ofthe dozen or raore towns and villages through out the county; consequently, the circuit of their practice is raostly restricted to a few railes, or they encroach upon the circuit of the adjacent village; which is soraetimes necessary and very proper for the purpose of consultation, Ac, But in visiting their patients of late years, how do the doctors travel? They are mounted in an elegant spring buggy, mostly with a fast horse attached, whether their trip is a few miles in lhe country or but around the suburbs ofthe town. And besides, if they have to drive in the country, it is generally upon smooth, ex cellent turnpike roads, raaking it seem more like a ride for pleas ure than hard work. This is all in very pleasant contrast with what the practice of medicine in this county was thirty or flfty years ago; then the physicians ofthe county \^ere "few and far be tween," and someof the earliest practitioners had to ride to all parts of the county and frequently into the adjoining counties around. LOGAN COUNTIES. 40» For several years after there was quite a considerable settleraent along the Miami river ; Cherokee and Rushcreek in the northern part ofthe county. There were no physicians located north of Belle fontaine within flfty or a hundred miles, and a considerable portion ofthe practice ofthe physicians of Zanesfleld and Bellefontaine wan in that direction, particularly in the settleraents along the strearas (above raentioned, and often extending into Hardin and some ad joining counties. In the county spoken of, during the early settlement of it, I think there was much more sickness — in proportion to the number of inhabitants — than there has been for several years previous to this time ; for in addition to "mil/c-siokness" which prevailed to a fearful extent in several localities of that region, before the cattle were grazed on tamepastures, they had several epidemics of typhoid fever, which was very tedious and difflcuU to manage and often proved fatal, after the most careful medical and nursing attention. Besides, malarial fevers, such as ague, and bilious fevers were more prevalent in the early settlement of the country, than since the land has been largely cleared and cultivated. As I have said before a large portion ofthe practice of the doctors here, was for several years, amongst the diseases I have mentioned, and in that region, at the distance of from six to twelve, up to twenty or thirty miles. But how did we get there? Certainly not by riding in a flne buggy over smooth and pleasant roads ; but en horse-back along the worst kind of roads, or no roads at all, for it was often so that we had to be guided along a foot path, or trail, through the thick woods for railes together, and soraetiraes, to raake a shorter cut from one road to another, through the woods where there was no path at all. There were some wagon roads in different directions which had been cut out through the woods ; but at some seasons ofthe j'ear, they were much worse to ride on horse-back over than the pathways, or trails through the woods, owing to the deep mud and ruts in many places along them, I have, however, frequently heard it remarked in the spring of the year, that there was only one mud hole between here and Cherokee, Richland, Roundhead, or any other town in that direction, but that one extended the whole distance. It was not uncommon in the winter and early ¦pring, for these mud roads after they had been tramped up very roughly like brick c'ay, to become so frozen and rough that it was 28 41(1 CHAMPAIGN AND very difficult for a horse to pass over them faster than a walk. And soraetimes in places where the mud was very deep, it was not frozen quite strong enough to bear up the weight of the horse and his rider, and he would break through, nearly or quite knee deep. These are some of the troubles and difficulties the practitioners of those times had to encounter, both by day and by night,and I used to verily believe that these long trips had to be more often in the night than in the day time ; which was accounted for in this way : A person, man, woraan or child would be taken sick — not very bad — but after using some home remedies for a few days, the patient was no better, and but little if any worse. The neighbors would call in at night, to see the sick one, (for they were more sociable, and friendly in that way, then than now ;) and upon consultation among themselves, M'ould advise that the doctor be sent for forthwith. Then, perhaps, some young man present would volunteer to go, if sorae other one would go with him ; and, if the roads were not as bad as described above, the two would mount and gallop the whole way, even if the distance was ten or twelve miles, arriving here perhaps abou*^ midnight. No excuse or proposal to go in the morning would avail, but tbe doctor mu.st immediately saddle up, and go with the messengers, as they came, aud it might be, to flnd the patient no more in need of medication, than he had been for days previous, when the doctor raight have been called in the day tirae. As an illustratitjn of the greater social friendship existing in re gard to seeing after, and assisting sick neighbors, I recollect of being scut for, and going to see a sick man in the night, about ten or twelve miles from here, arriving near midnight. The house in which I found the patient was ii small 16;,; ciiiin, perhaps about sixteen by twenty feet, having but one lOiuu, with a large chim ney flre-place at the end, aud ttu' beds, Ac, at the other. Ic was rather cold woiither. When x/fc got about a half a raile frora the place, we could see a very l.a-ge fiie in (he direction, that it might almost make us think the lioiise was burniii- up, till we got near enough to see what it was. It was a large "log hcup" on flre in the yard, a few rods iu front ofthe do(;r, built and flred by the visiting neighbors, who were collected und warming themselves around it, because thero was not room in the house to seat and ac commodate half of them, without too much disturbing the quiet LOGAN COUNTIES. 411 of the patients. Sorae of these kind neighbors, both raen and women, lived miles away ; for the whole neighborhood considered it a duty to "visit the sick," and some of them of course would re main all night to assist in waiting on and nursing the sick. When a child was to be born in those tiraes, and the doctor was sent for, either by night or day, (and in cases of this kind it was not uncoraraon that he had to ride eight to twelve miles,) when he would arrive, he would generally flnd all the raarried woraen ofthe neighborhood had got there before him, frequently num bering frora half a dozen to ten or raore ; for it vvas considered an insult to a woman, if within a few miles, not to be .sent for on an occasion of this kind. As soon as Ihe child was born and cared for, then commenced the preparation for the feast, and the innocent chickens on the roost had as rauch cause to be horrifled, as it was said in old times they were on the arrival of the circuit preacher at his usual stopping place. And ill a short time, no matter what was the hour of day or night, the table was spread and loaded with substantials and lux uries sufficient for the appetite of the raost intense gourmand. In those days it was considered necessary, on such occasions, even by temperance families, to have a quart or two of spirituous liquor for the benefit of the raother, and that she raust take pretty freely of hot, sweetened punch, as a raedicine to prevent her from taking cold : and if the drink was passed around, as it usually was, it was not considered a breach of the rules of temperance "to take a lit tle." It was a custom in those times, in alraost every neighbor hood remote from a physician, that some man, generally a farraer or mechanic, would possess himself of a set of tooth-drawers and lancet for bleeding, and he was resorted to by the people around hira to pull their teeth, and bleed thera, whenever they thought they needed such operations, the latter of which was very fre quent. In fact, the habit or custora of being bled became so prev alent, that raany persons, generally women, both married and single, got to think 'it necessary to be bled, sick or well, at least once every year, and generally in the spring. This operation was generally performed by the adepts spoken of above. Besides this, it was not uncommon, when a person was flrst taken sick, no matter what the disease, to send for the bleeder, who would per form the operation, and perhaps give a dose of salts, or some other mild physic, which, if they did not relieve the patient, it was 412 CHAMPAIGN AND thought to be time to send for the Doctor. This custom was so prevalent, that it was not uncommon for someof these men to ob tain the reputaion of being first-rate half-doctors. In addition to the country spoken of as being within the bounds of the Doctors of Bellefontaine, they were sometimes called upon to visit patients of the Indians, who at that tirae lived on their Lewistown Reservation, which was twelve miles square, and in cluded the present town of that narae and the country around it, I think the Indians there were partly of two tribes, the Senecas and Shawnees, Judge James McPherson was U, S. Agent for the Indians on the Reservation, but lived on and owned a large body of land about half way frora the Reservation, A part of said land is now known and occupied as the Infirmary farra. At one tirae the Judge called on rae to visit a sick'Indian woman, the raarried daughter of one of the chiefe of the tribe. She lived with her husband in the country, about a mile in an easterly direction from Lewistown, Their dwelling was a neat log cabin, with a narrow porch on the front side, fioored with puncheons, open at both ends. The Judge accompanied me to the place to act as interpreter, for but few of thera could speak rauch English, After examining the patient, I told them I could do nothing for her, except perhaps to somewhat ease her suffering during the short time she could live. She was very low, in the last stage of consumption. They however requested rae to come and see her every few days, which I did a few times, till one afternoon 1 found her dead, and laid out on a blanket spread on the fioor of the porch. The corpse was splendidly dressed in Indian style, including a robe of fine broad cloth, an elegant shawl about the head and shoulders, and the nicest kind of beaded moccasins on her feet, and other things to match. On the fioor, near enough to her right hand to reach, if she could have used it, was a large wooden bowl fllled with what appeared to be fried fritters, and by its side was an earthen bowl filled with sugar, I was anxious to see the funeral, and soon after eight or ten Indians returned frora the woods with the coffin, where they had been to raake it. It was composed of four slabs of green timber, neatly hewed, about three inches thick, and a lit tle larger than the body ; these were not fastened together, but were for the bottom, top and sides. Two short pieces of the same material and thickness for the ends completed the coffin. The grave was not yet dug, but it was soon done, as it was only about LOGAN COUNTIES, 418 two feet deep, and it was in the yard, only a few rods from the door, hut near several other graves, as it appeared to be a common burying-ground. After the digging was done one of the slabs was placed in the bottora, and one set up on edge on each side, and the short pieces at the ends kept these in place. The grave was now ready for the corpse. Four raen now lifted it, one holding to each eorner ofthe blanket, carried, and in this way, let it down into the grave. A portly looking old chief, or priest, now approached, drew a large butcher-knife from its scabbard, which was in his belt, kneeled dovvn at the head of the grave, and reached the knife down to the head and face ofthe corpse, and looked as though he were going to cut it to pieces. Not so ; he carefully selected snd cutoff a nice lock other flowing hair, and then cut a small corner- piece from each article of dress with which she was clothed, even including the beaded raoccasins on her feet. These speciraens of relics were carefully wrapped up and suspended from his belt. He then took from his belt a small bundle or bag, opened it, and spread out its contents, which appeared to be broken up dry leaves such as they smoke in their pipes. These he held in his open hands, .standing a few feet from the open grave and facing it. The company passed in single file around between hira and the grave, each one taking a little pinch of the dried leaves as they passed, and throwing it in upon the corpse. The thick slab was then placed ou as the lid olthe cofiin, andVhe grave filled up, ending the burial ceremony. 414 CHAMPAIGN ANB * 0J^ Sioneer; or, ^gartg §ears SS" BT E. LARKIN BBOWN, Yes, everything is rhanged, John; there s nothing seems the sam«, And yet it was not long ago, the time when first ,ve came; But the years have passed so swiftly; my hair is white as snow. And not a white hair when I came — it's forty years ago. 'Twas here I set ray stake, John, when all was wild and new; Wo followed ui)the Indian trail — ours was the first team through. Just there our wagon stood that night. We heard the wolfs howl then. And the first sound heard, as morning dawned, was the bootn ofthe prairie hen. Then came days of trial and toil, but we weathered them bravely through, Por your grandmother had a cheerful heart, and was ever brave and true; And your father and Jake were stout lads, then, and Nancy and Mary and Kate Could lend a hand in cabin or field, and we all worlied early and late. And the Indian seeraed half sad, half pleased, as our cabin logs were laid; Por he dreaded the white man's grasping hand, though fond ofthe white man's aid; His sullene,?t moods were ever beguiled with the hand of welcome and cheer; To his sunniest smiles we trusted not, ana the loaded rifle was near. 'Twas there we had the flr,st field of wheat, right over behind the barn; And here, -vhere the orchard and garden are, that spring we planted corn. 'Twas a cheerful thing to see thorn grow on the new-turned prairie tod. And never a harvest was gathered in with more grateful thanks to God. We had never a barn nor a threshing floor, and the mill was far to flnd; But we trod the wheat on the prairie turf, and cleaned it 1n the wind. Por the saying is true, "there is always a way wherever there's a will," And 1 threaded the paths, and fordedthe streams, between us and the mill. But neighbors soon began to con^e, and as soon as the second year. We could count a dozen cabins' smok« from where we are standing here. 'Twas a pleasant sight on the prairie's rim, and sweet, as evening fell, Was the sound of pacb settler's lowin.? kine, and faintly tinkling bell. LOGAN COUNTIES. 415 And with settlers came the law, John, for law is the right of all , And never a man of Saxon blood that held the law a thrall. I served as -weU as I knew, John, as juror, 'squire and judge, And never falsejudgment stained my name, through fear, favor or grudge. I say it not in pride, John, I wanted you to know I did my duty as I could, so many years ago. And you will be called as I was called, between the right aud wrong. And wrong upheld will canker a life, though 'ife be never so long. And I've been grea.tly prospered in basket and in store, And have seen such things in, forty years as were never s en before. The country— you know its grandeur, its glory and its fame, .And how forever has been removed the sharae that stained its name. And then tbe mysteries explored— the wondrous things found out; I do not understand them, John, and yet I cannot doubt- Two months w-is tho time from Europe, and full two weeks from home, And now we hear in a single day frora London or from Ko.ne. And the huge and mighty en i;injs, with their long and fire-drawn trains, They are running forever, a thou,=an 1 ways, o'er mountains and o'er plain s. Such things had never been seen, ,Iohn, the day that I came here. And I always see thera onward rush with a sense of awe and fear. And thesun — the mighty painter — one instant and 'tis done; A picture that no human hand can paint you such a one; There's nothing done in the old way, but everything is new, We neither sow, nor reap, nor thresh, in the way we used to do. The old neighbors who came first, John, and settled here by me, Sorae sold and went, and sorae have died — there's only two or three; They may have been rough and rude, John, but always just and true; But dear old friends! the tear will start whenever I think of you. And her — the soundest friend of all —the dearest and the best — Not long ago I laid away in everlasting rest; You lay ma by her side, John — the time will not be long- Where the oak tree- casts its shadsws, and the robin -ings his song. Tbe old place will be yours, John, the rest have had their share; I raeant it for your father, who died in Preedom's war: 'Twas my home In early manhood, 'tis my home now I ira old. The deed was signed by Jackson— Td like not to have it sold. Yes, everything is changed, John, there's nothing seems the same, And yet it was not long ago —the time when first we came. But the years have passed so swiftly— my hn,ir is white as snow, And not a white hair when I carae— it's forty years ago. MY FIRST VISIT TO WEST LIBERTY. BY THOMAS COWGILL, M. D. It was in November, 1820 or 1821, early on a frosty morning, my father and I started to "Enoch's Mills." I was then about eight years of Hge. Our way was through the woods, barrens and prai ries. Perhaps there was not then one half mile of lane on the comraon traveled pathway to the mills. There were then thickets of hazle and plura, where now stand trees large enough to make eight com mon rails, or to hew for building purposes. At that time I fre quently saw from two to nine or ten deers, at full run one after an other, go clear over the top of thpse thickets every leap. As I have said the land was mostly in a state of nature. A small log cabin meeting-house stood at Mt. Tabor, and a few graves were there enclosed with a rail lence. A camp meeting had been annually held here, and many tents were .standing in the grove. Tbe land composing John Enoch's beautiful farm was then nearly all unim proved, and partly covered by a dense thicket of hazel, plum and thorn, and the prairie overgrown with wild grass. When we arrived at the Mills, a considerable number of persons were there before us, so that we must remain till near evening be fore our turn would corae for our ^^n-inding to be done. Some had traveled twenty miles or raore to get grinding done, frora Darby Plains, from north of Bellefsnlaine, and other points. Araong others the late Judge Daniel Baldwiti, who then lived about four miles north of Bellefontaine — near where the village of Harper now stands— was af the raills. An 1 !ie!-o,,for the first timi-, I saw my respected friend John Enoch. He was then a young raan about LOGAN COUNTIES, 417 twenty-one years of age, and on that day was miller in his father's mills. During the day John Shelby wasat the raill; he then, I think, represented Logan county in the General Assembly of Ohio. Capt. Alex, Black, Moses Mcllvaine, ,Iames Baird, Robert Freakes, and other pioneer settlers of the land, were there, I did not recognize the place as a town, although, in 1817, it was regularly surveyed and plotted by Aaron L. Hunt, then County Surveyor of Champaign county, A few small houses were built ; and the hou.se north ofthe mill, now occupied by Thoraas Blackburn, was the residence of John Enoch, Sr. H. M, White had a log house with a shingle roof, and porch in front, in which he carried on tailoring, and had a few calicoes, pins and needles, on some board shelves ; he also kept a house of entertainment for travelers, and furnished plenty of whisky, an indispensable article in H. M,'s estimation. In the evening our grinding was done, and we returned home a little after nightfall. When my fatiier told me we had been to West Liberty, I was somewhat surprised to learn we had been to town. Whatever raay be said of the degeneracy of the age, I think much improvement has been made in the moral condition of society since the time of which I am writing; intemperance then abounded to a much greater degree than at present, especiallj in the country neighborhoods; (much yet sorrowfully abounds in our cities, towns and villages.) At that time it was comraon for many persons to drink whisky every day, and frequently when we were at a neighbor's house we wereinvitedand pres.sed to drink, and at all public gatherings, sales, house-raisings, log-rollings, corn-husk ings, and in harvest, it was custoraary to have plenty of whisky on the ground, and to drink it as often as water, so that in the best of neighborhoods where ten or a dozen persons were together, it was nothing strange for sorae of them to be very tight. It was then much raore common for raen in ordinary conversation to use impure and profane language than at present. Our excellent Sab bath-school system, and our peace, temperance and other good organizations have wrought a great change for good. And much improvement has been made in the laws of our State in regard to care of the poor, imprisonment for debt, «&c. It was then the law for the authorities to sell out persons who required jiecuniary aid to the lowest bidder, to be kept six months or a year. 418 CHAMPAIGN AND I was cognizant of one case where two aged persons, man and wife, were sold out to the lowest bidder to be kept six months. And according to the law of that time, any person who was poor, and in debt more than he was able to pay , was liable to be sued and incarcerated in jail, as soon as judgment and execution were obtained against hira at the mercy of his creditor. At our debating society, held in the school-house where the vil lage of Kennard now stands, in the winter of 1827-28, this question was discuss'^d : "Is it consistent with civil liberty to imprison for debt?" Among the speakers were Aaron L. Hunt, Judge N. C, Reade — both now deceased — and Edward L. Morgan, still living at an advanced age. It is probable no one could now be found to advocate the affirmative of this question. I was acquainted with many cases where persons were placed in jail for debt. And I, was told that Simon Kenton had to leave his home in Logan county and sojourn in Kentucky to avoid imprisonment for debt. So far as I now reraember, al! who were at "Enoch's Mills" on that November day, except John Enoch and myself have gone the way of the earth ; and these reminiscenc€^s admonish me ;that I too am passing away. FIFTY YEARS AGO, BY THOMAS COWGILL, M. D, "I love the rougli log cabin, It tells of olden time,'' Frora 1818 to 1822 was said to be a very pressing time with re gard to money, which made hard times generdly with the early settlers, yet I think they enjoyed life, so far as I was acquainted, as well as any people I have since known. They were, in many respects, dependent upon each other. They would sometimes unite in their little farming operations— would join teams to plow a piece ot new ground, and assist each other in fencing or planting, and all were considered to be bound to assist in raising a new house, or in rolling logs, &c. And frequently, to have word that a cabin was to be raised in the neighborhood was sufficient notice without an invitation. All felt at liberty and believed it was their duty to .go and assist on such an occasion, although it might be to help some one they had never before seen or known. Every cabin that was built and every acre of land that was cleared, was considered so much addition to the general improvement of the country. And in borrowing and lending the settlers were gener ally on the most intimate terras. In case of necessity would go to a neighbor to borrow an ax, hoe, plow, harrow, cross-cut saw, chisel, or a little salt or flour, and any one who neglected to return or repay borrowed articles, would immediately lose credit, and not be trusted again if it could be avoided, unless he could give a reasonable excuse. And all who tried to do well had the syrapa thy of the coramunity gener«lly. In their manners and inter- 4M CHAMPAIGN AND course with each other, the pioneers were friendly and affection ate. In raeeting together they would generally shake hands in the raost social raanner — kindly inquire of each other's health and of the health of their families, and frequently -sit down and con verse for a long time, perhaps of their old horae in Virginia, or elsewhere. Though rauch erabarrassed by the circurastances by which they were surrounded, I think the pioneers had more time for social intercourse than people generally have now ; they most ly called each other by their proper names, or would say friend or neighbor, and in their conversation there seeraed to be sincerity, and not much atterapt at deception or flattery. It was generally custoraary, so far as my observation extended, when a pioneer would go toa neighbor's house on some little errand, for him to shake hands with all the merabers of the faraily, beginning with the elder ones ; and set down and converse an hour or raore, if time permitted — attend to his errand, and then, in the raost kind and friendly raanner invite all to "corae and see us," and again shake hands with all the raerabers of the family and depart. About the time of which I ara writing, there was more equality in the circumstances of the people of this country than at present, and I think as much genuine feeling and friendship then existed with the community as we can expect to meet with in this poor world. My parents were among the flrst settlers in the eastern part of Ohio, and I have frequently heard thera express, that they never enjoyed life better than they did with the early settlers in the forests of Columbiana county. TORNADO FORTY YEARS AGO. BY WM. PATRICK. Monday, March 22, 1830, was a memorable day for Urbana. It was mild and pleasant in the early raorning, but at about 10 or 11 e'clock it began to haze with fltful South-western breezes, with alternate sunshine and flitting clouds, until about 2 o'clock P. M., when a sraall, black, dense cloud, could be seen low down in the South-western horizon, which gradually ascended and rapidly ap proached at a seeming angle of about thirty degrees. Spectators were attracted by its marked singularity in many respects. It moved, enlarged, and expanded in quick darting swoops, and zig zag gyrations, up, down, and horizontally, with quick, whirling evolutions, and seemed to emit dazzling bright electrical scintilla tions, producing the most gaudy fringe-work of which humanity can conceive. As it neared, for a few moments, all nature seemed to be hushed- -not a ripple of air could be felt. The heav ens seemed to hang out a dark pall, and all seemed to be iraraersed ill one general gloora. When suddenly the scene changed from a death-like silence, and a breathless calm, to a most terriflc and ap palling spectacle. The whole heavens wore in tumultuous com motion. The storm King in awful grandeur, rode majestically, wrapt in his cloud panoply to the music of the screeching, howl ing, and horriflc roar of the elements, bearing up in his track in mid air, trees, lumber, fence-rails, timber, shingles, gates, hay stacks and all manner of debris, as trophies of his vast and mighty power in the demolition of nature's garniture, and the results of man's labor. 422 CHAMPAIGN AND The awful sublimity of the scene can not be impressed upon the mind of any one who did not witness it. And in much less time than the above can be read, the whola force of the tornado seemed to dart down like forked lightning upon the town — picking up and demolishing a small brick building on the north-east corner of John A. Mosgrove's homestead lot, occupied by Richard Baker ; unrooflng the Luce House on the corner of West Main and Russell streets, then with one concentrated swoop dipped into the Town- branch, in the present foundry yard, cleaning out all the water and sediment in its wake; then ascending, whirled and scattered J, B, Eaker's frame house, standing near the front yard of J, M. Gardener, unroofing a log house of old James Hulse, which stood in the rear of the present Lutheran Church, destroying all the stables in this vicinity. Then as if imbued with raercy, the cloud leaped over without injury to two or three small frames, near where Col. Johnson now lives, occupied by J. E. Chaplin and others, demolishing in front, a pillared street market-house ; and then taking up a hip-roofed, steepled brick Presbyterian Church, on the present site of the Court-house— crumbling it to its founda tion, carrying the .steeple and other timbers long distances, some of which struck what is known as the Harailton House, leaving the raarks to this day; then with a bound, this last-aaraed house was partly unroofed, and a part of its walls prostrated, unroofing at the sarae tirae the house of Joseph Roppart, now occupied by Mrs. Jaraes Brown. Here in its wild freak, the tornado seeraed to sever itself, and a part of it struck and unreofed a log house then owned and occu pied by Wra. Downs, (Ma.son) drawing or rather sucking out the north wall frora its solid corners of the old brick M. E. Church, evidently caused by a vacuum produced by the action of the storm, and laid it out in a straight line without even separating the raa- sonry to any considerable extent. The other segment of the tornado struck the house ot Rolin J. Harvey, near the present residence of Mrs. Heylin and prostrated it to the ground. Then it whirled into fragments a new frarae hoiise, occupied by (ieorge Bell (school-teacher) a little east of the present residence of Dr. Houston. Would to God i I were only necessary to record the demolition of property; but oh, no; the .spirit of the storm here transforraed itself into an angel of death, and ,seized four innocent, beautiful LOGAN COUNTIES. 423 and interesting children, one a little infant, as victims to the dark doraain, and secured them as additional trophies, in the retinue of the Storm King, carrying their lifeless bodies iramense distances in mid air; and not content with this sacriflce, hurled Mrs. Bell several rods, maiming her for life, and at the,-, asgame vvas getting soraewhat .scarce. He accordingly packed up his traps and accorapanied by his wifev^ childri-n and dogs, he wended his way to the north and located jii'su- the head of the Scioto river, where he ended his days. It waa his custom after he left here to visit Urbana at least once a year, to dispose of his furs and skins, and as Judge Reynolds had become the owner of his old home, he always expected him to pay soma LOGAN COUNTIES. 4Sr rent, which was clieerfully done, and a pound of "|)ig-tail"fnbacc© or acalico dress pattern for his younjrest pappoose was usually giv en by the Judge, and thankfully received by Pere as ample satis faction. Many amusing anecdotes of Dusran were related by tbe early settlors who knew him, one of which I will give: He once purchased a bag of corn-meal from John Taylor, at his mill on Kings Creek, and as he had no hor.'seof hisown, Mr. Triylor kindly offered him the use of one to carry his itiral home, Tho horse was a small one named Gopher. Pere thankfully accepted the ofier, and after taking an ear-icst look, flrst at Gopher, then at the bag of meal, then at himself, hw concluded that it would be impossible for the horse tocarr.v both him and the bag of meal, and being impressed with the belief that "a merciful raan will be merciful to his bpast," he took tho bag of raeal upon his own shoulder and deliberately leadingGopher fo a stump, he mounted his bare back, siyimr as he did so that "he could carry the bag of meal and the horse could curry him," and in this vvay he rod© home. FIFTY YEARS AGO. BY THOMAS GOWGILL, M. D. In presenting sorae account of my knowledge and experience of the trials and privati(ms,.the pleasures and friendships of the pio neer settlers of this country, I raay not do better than to give the history of the "emigration and settleraent" of our family here. The history of one Is mainly the history of all the families of the early settlers, as they all hid nearly the same object in view — they were in search of a home in the wilderness ; and they gener ally had about thesarae raeans of conveyance — they moved in covered wagons, in carts, on horseback, and on foot. There was not then the convenience of railroad, turnpike, canal and river conveyance, as at present. They traveled through the woods on the new and rough roads, and often without roads, to the respective places selected for their homes. They were generally about on an equility in point of property, were mostl.y coraparatively poor, and had sought this new country where land was plenty and cheap, to better their con dition in life. Yet sorae had left corafortable homes in Virginia, the Carolintts, Tennessee, &c,, and had come to settle in this coun try, that they might be entirely free from any participation in that " sum of all villainies," — that scourge and curse of the hu man race — human slavery. About the middle of October, 1817, our family had made neces- gafy preparation, and started on our journey toward the setting 8un, leaving our family horae in Columbiana county, Ohio. In tbe latter part of thia month we traveled up tbe valley of Darby LOGAN COUNTIES. 429 to the neighborhood where Middleburg now stands. This nelgH- borhood, and north and east of it, as far as settled, was then known as (he " Beech -vioods," and farther south and west, in Mingo, Kingscreek and Madriver valleys, wascalled the "Plains." In the east part of this State, and perhaps other places, all this section vvas known as Madriver, or the Madriver country. We remained in that neighborhood two or three days, visiting some relatives, and raany old Virginian acquaintances of my parents, and am'ing those old acquaintances were the Elberts, Sharps, Gar- woo'Is, Jameses, Stokeses, B^iliingers, Bishops, Euanses, Inskeeps, and Warners. On the morning of November 1st we started, a,nd traveled an the liild-out road from Urbana to Garwood's Mills ( now East Lib erty), and at about 11 o'clock, a, m., on that day, being the sec ond day of the week, arrived in Mingo Valley, at the spot which was since that time the home of my parents during their lives^ and ^till belongs in the family. The plaee vvas entirely in the woods, except a sraall cabin, 17x20 feet, which had been built and used its a school-house, by a flne spring of water. The logs of this house were of large oak and hickory trees split in two, and tho building was five logs high to, the square, with puncheon floor, or slabs about four inches thick, .split out of large trees, and hewed a little where they were too rough. The flre-place occupied the en tire south end of the hou.se — about seventeen feet — with a back- wall of round stone and clay,'built up about five feet high against the h)g wall. At the top of the square a log was laid across about three feet from the south wall, and on this log and the wall the Wiimhey vvas built of sticks and clay; that is, a little house was built up tkere, about three by four feet, a little higher than the roof, and the cracks filh d up with mortar ; there was no up-stairs ^o the house, and the roof was tolerably flat. In this house our family of ten persons lived about eighteen months. During the winter of 1817-18, a school was taught by the late Judge Daniel Baldwin, about one mile south of our house, iu a house similar to our dvyelling, except there were some joists and an upper floor. Tbis school was. largely attended by the young men and women of the neighborhood — •! number of them coming four miles to school. There were at least ten young raen attending this school over six feiet high and large in proportion, and weighing about fya CHAMPAIGN AND (wo luindred pounds each. There werf about the same number of young women attending this school. Verily, there were giants iu tho.se days. And those large and tall young men exhibited more signs of humility than some of the smaller scholars, for in walk ing across Ihe floor they raust bow, or they would bump their heads asrainst Ihe joists every time. A number of th'vse young men and women wer-^ In their spelling-books. The young wo- ftien were iieatl.v clothed in home-.spun, mostly the work of their own hands. Their educational privileges seemed to be poor, yet they were highly favored of nature; they were fair and comely, and I never beheld a more beautiful compaoy of young ladies. The school hooks consisted of Webster's Spelling Book, Lfndlay Murray's Works, the introduction English Reader, Sequel, and the New Testament, Walsh's and Pike's Arithmetic, I think there was no one studying English Grammar or Geogriphy. Th» liite Nicholas Williaras, his two sisters and several brothers at tended this school. I have taken some note of the subsequent history of the young m'-n and women who attended this school. With a few excep tions they have all gone to the house appointed for the living, lind with the exception of one or two prodigals, they all did well tn life, were mostly bright ornaments to society, lived useful lives, and died respected and lamented. A little incident occurred which may be worth relating as an evidence of the rare and protection of Divine Providence. On a iieautiful sunshiny Sabbath day, in the spring of 1818, all of our Ciniily, except my mother and I, and three smaller children, had done to a meeting about three miles from home. About noon mother was walking in the yard near the door, and no doubt that she felt lonesome, when a man came running through the woods towards our house. Tn passing by, in sight, he discovered that our cabin was on flre ; at the junction of the clap-board roof with the stick and clay chimney the fire had kindled and wat liurning in a blaze. In a raoment he was on the roof, and wittt • bucket of waler soon put the flre out. If this good man had not been pdssing by at the time there is no doubt that our home would llave been destroyed in a few minutes. I think it was Sara u '1 Adaras, in speaking of the history of the •wlysettleinent ofthis country, who said: "Theae things, nny LOGAN COUNTIES. 431 countrymen, should not be for^-oKcn. For the benefit of onr cbiMren and those who eoine after tiiera, they should bo recorded in history." One object with rae in wriling the^e note,-i i-i to induce others of the early settlers .still llvinirin o urf.ivo.ed ouiitry, t)_\vrit« tlieir experience ofearly tiine.s' in order th it they in ly be p Tp -tuatcd in history for the beneflt of tho,s« who live after us. A>iil tlun each one who c:in, bringinir their "tithes into the storehouse,'? may call to mind in vny pleisint s,;ene,j now foiwer p.i.-)t au'i gone. ' "And here our pilgrim fiithers bowed, In fervent faitli and pmyer." I propo.se to give an account of two mini.?rers of the gospel, oflho Bociety of Friends, who visited this country in early dayi. I be lieve many o( the pioneers pild rau'-h attenlion to the promolion 0f religion, to founding churches and building meeting-houses. "Por angels of meroy ofl met witli ns here, In the wilderness home that we loved." One of those ministers wius a lady over seventy years of age, ro- •iding in North Carolina, This atred and devoted christian trav eled on horseback through the wilderness from her home in North Carolina, on hpr gospel 'mission to the people of this Ihcn nevr country, mostly camping out at night, and where she could find a little settlement, holding meetings and preaching the glail tidings of mercy and peace to the lo^elv settlers. In passing through the woods from a meeting held in "Marmon's Bottom," to an appoint ment at Job Sharp's house, near where Middleburg now stand.", the party was overtaken by a heavy rain, accompanied with much wind, thunder and lightning, and her companions proposed to haltandshelter under the trees as best they could. She nt once •aid, "No, go on ; goon, we shall be t5o lute to ineetintr," Her mission and desire seemed to be to do the will of her Divine Master. "Hor shield was fiilth in God." The above relation was given to me by some one of the early •ettlera of this country, and Ican not now give the lady's name BSthe incident took place before we removed to this country. About the year 1820, .loseph Hoag, whose home I think was In the State of Verraont, in the course of a religious visit to the peo ple of the South and West, was a guest at my father's house, and 432 CHAMPAIGN AND held meeting for Divine Service at our meeting-hou*p, and also held a nuraber of raeetings in the vicinity, mostly with the mem bers of his own church. He was a remarkable man— a first cousin to Lorenzo Dow— and spent about sixty-flve years of his life in traveling an^ preaching the gospel ; his wife also spent about the same length of time in the same service. He had nine children, all married, and all his children and![children-in-law, with two ex ceptions, were able ministers ofthe gospel, of the same church with him. Several of his children became public preachers before they were flfteen years of age. At the time he visited my falher'a house he had been traveling through the Carolinas, Tennessee, Kentucky, Indiana, and other States. He related to niy father how the Kentuckians treated him. At Lexington he was taken sick, and Henry Clay removed hira to his house and treated him, in the most kind and friendly raanner until he recovered from his illness. Being unable to travel for some time, he. held several. meetings in thenjeighborhopd of Lexington, and preached to tho people. When he was about to take his leave, the Presbyterian Church sent a coinmittee to. hira, inviting him to remain with them as their pastor for one year, offering him a house, furnished as he desired, :and every convenience about it that he wanted, and,, fifteen hundred dollars per year (which was considered, a great sal ary flfty years,sigOj), and if that was not satisfactory, they wanted him tosay what would be, us they desired hioi to remain with "thera.. , ,. , ,,Hestatedtothera that he felt that his duty was discharged to tihemr--tha,tbis,n3ission was to, visit other churches and people, and, that he must leave them and travel :on. The committee evinced much feeling on the occasion and proposed that if he could not remain with them, that he would accept a purse of one hund red dollars to enable him to pursue his johrney. . He thanked themfor their kindness, and Said that if he needed help he would be as willing to receive help from them as any other people, but aa.he wasprepared to pursue his journey, .he desired, that they woulcl ;.v.lf. otlicr pcioons, if tl.e.y' met ^vith such that were need ing help, and they would uot lose their reward. LOGAN COUNTIES. «3 SKETCH OFTHE LIFE OF *MRS. MARY MADDEN. BY ED. Ii. MORGAN, Marj' Madden was the oldest daughter of Matthew and Eliza beth Stcwarl, wlm becarae residents of Salein tovvnship. Cham paign County, Ohio, In the spring of the year 1804, und settled upon Kings Creek, where Mr. Stewart purchased from the United States, the north-Past quarterof section number nine, of tovvnship nuniber flve, of range twelve, for which he paid two dollars per acre. His youngest son, Matthew Stewart, now owns and lives iipon the' same farm. Mary vvas born on the 19th of May, 1800, iind was consequently four years of age when her pirents settled on Kings Creek, and there, and In tho adjoining township of Union, she passed sixty years of her lite. She was married to N.ithaniel W. Craighill, in the year 1819, and by him she had flve daughters : Eliza, now the T.vife of John Baatty, of Kennard, this county ; Nancy, the wife of Mr. Joseph Mi le.*, of Lewisburg,' this coun y; Mary, the wife of Mr. Richard Gill, vvdio lli'PS iiearSandusky ; Margaret, the wife of Mr. Bell, of Ciliforiiia, These lour are still living, Elizabeth, the youngest, died some years ago, on the road to California, Mr. Craighili died on tbe 3rd of September, 1826, aged t.wenty-seven years, at the place where Mr. Martin Dickison now .jivea,; and Mary vvas left a widow with five small children to maintain, to feed, to clothe, to educate by raeans ol her own labor, for they Were too young to render their widowed mother any raa terial aid. Shortly after the dei'tli of her husband, she moved to asmall farm on the east sideof Dugan Prairie, and adjoining the farm now own<'d and oc>'npied by her sister Eleanor's hu.s"band, * See Photograph, <34 CHAMPAIGN AND Mr. Jesse C, Phillips. Here, in a small log cabin, with her fiimily of five young female children ; with a fortitude and firmness that is seldom equaled, .she toiled on, through "thick and thin," through thelong tedious daysof sum mer and t he lonir,stormy,dreary nights of winter. But she was equal to the eraergency, and when she was not eraployed in other household duti.='s, the constant whir of her spinning-wheel raight be heard as she was preparing thread for the nianufiicture of linen or cloth for the comfortable clothing of her children who were raerrily playing around her. At this time Polly (for by this name she was known), was the owner of a flne, lartre, bla'-k mare, named -'Sook," which was pur chased from my brother George, This raare was of a quiet, docile disposition, reliable and safe at all times, and under all circum- •tances. In tira^ of winter when there was snow on the ground, Polly would do her visiting and church-going with her children, in a "juraper," drawn by Sook. In summer she frequently went to chuich, riding upon the back ofthe old mare, equipped with an old-fashioned side-saddle, and a blind-bridle. Behind her mother, snugly seated sideways, might be -seen the oldest daugh ter, while the youngest child was safely seated on its mother's lap. pver the back of the animal vvas placed a wide strap of leather, and to each end of this strap was securely fastened a large, strong basket. In one of these was placed two of the children, and in the other the reraaining child, with a small basket of cooked victuals in its lap to make thein balance. A lovelier sight upon earth has never been seen than this family group, as they passed along the road. The cheerful smiles and happy countenances pf ihe well-clothed, clean-washed youngsters, with their well-comb«| heads, bobbing above the brims of their baskets, was a sight botl^ beautiful and interesting, that can never be excelled. On the 8th day of January, 1832, Mary was married to Perry Q, Madden. Mr. Madden is still living. He is a native of Virginia, was born in Harrison County, on the 5th of July, 1809; came to Ohio in August, 1830. Perry and Polly (for by these familiar names they were known to everybody), comraenced life together at the lowest round of fortune's ladder. Neither of them waa blessed wit b what is called a liberal education, for the means of obtaining it were extremely liraited in the days of their youth. But they possessed what then vvas, and still is of much greater value, hefilthy, robust constitutions, and a will to labor. LOGAN COUNTIES, 435 It is an old adage that "where there is a will there i.s a vvay," and in this ca.se it proved true, for by unremitting toil, honest in dustry, and the judicious investment of the proceeds of their labor, they eventually became wertlth.v, Mary Madden, wife of Perry G, Madden, died on the llth ol May, 1861, aged sixty-four years less eight days. By ber last marriage she had seven children, flve of whom were living at tho time of her death. Her son Nathaniel, who married Miss McFarlan, has since died, leav ing a widow and two sons, Sarah, the* oldest daughter, married George Reams, and lives at the old homestea.J. Susan mariied David Perry, and lives near Dugan Prairie. William married a daughter of Martin Dickison, and lives on a larm in that neigh borhood. Martha raarried John Pearce, and lives at Kennard. All own good farras. Two of their children died in Infancy. Perry Madden, who is known to everybody in this region of country, is now sixty-three years of age, large and well formed, weighs about two hundred and forty pounds, and Is somewhat of • favorite among the ladies, always jovial and full of fun, Th© welcome visitor at the hospitable man.sion of Perr.y Madden ia sure toenjoy the comforts of a rich joke, a hearty laugh and a good dinner. Mary Madden had two .sisters and six brothers. Her ¦later Eliziii.t married to Wm. Long, and her sister Elemor to ^ease C. Phillips, As a model wife, motherand neighbor,she had few equals, and surely none were her superiors. JOHN CHESHER. Died, nt the residence of his son, in West Middleburg. Logan founty, Ohio. December 26, 1859, Mr. John Chesher, age Kentucky with his father's family, residing in that State until 1802, part of the tirae near Miysville, and liter near Lsxing^on. In 1802 he came- with his fillier to this county, settling in the south-western portion of Mad-River township. In 1807 he was married to Nancy Chap man. He moved to Urbana in the winter of 1813-14, beginning business in a small shop that then stood on Scioto street where E. B. Gau mer's dwelling stands. He vvas then a practical shoeraaker, and plied his vocation diligently, and branching out into mercan tile pursuits in a sinnll but profltable vvay, entering fully into the legitiraate store business (as it vvas called in those days) only when his son Lemuel beea rae old enough to attend the counter. He successfully owned and occupied the Gauraer shop, the Guthridge property and, in 1821, built the Bassett house, near the Square, on Scioto street. In 1824-25 he occupied a store room in what is now the City Hotel; afterwards, and for about two years, the Campbell corner, now called Glenn's corner, on the Square, In 1821 he vvas appointed Tax Collector for Champaign county, at which time the collector traveled the eounty over, visited each tax-payer, and was arraed with the special powers and privileges of a constable to distrain and enforce payment if necessary. In 1833 he purchased from Wm, Neil the site of the present L, Weaver building and removed the old buildings (some of which may yet be seen) to lots on Church and Court streets. He erected at once a building which was in that day an ornament to the town, and one of the finest brick blocks west of Columbus, He built the hou.se occupied by O, B, Lewis & Co, as a leather (tore, and tho Weaver dry goo Is store room, flnlshing hia work on • The above sketch of tho life of Mr. Weaver I clip from the Urbana CSfewi arid Qazette.— iE. D. 438 CHAMPAIGN AND Monument Square by the comjiletion of the large and elegant V'eaver House, a building unexcelldd for beauty of architeclure and attractive st.vie b.y an.v house in the State. He had hiillt a number of dwellings, tv\o of which, neat brick cob- tages on South Main street, remain unfinished. Ill 18-59 he was elected Preiident of ths G^iampaign CiuntyB.mk, a position he held several years, and vve believe until the reorgan ization ofthe bank under the N,itional Bank laws. Mr. iVeaver was a man of purely b'lsiness luibils. His mind was tliorou.i;hl.y engrossed and occupied with, busine.ss and his at tention vvas not easil.v drawn aside from his dail.y routine. With vigilant eye he observed his gradual and constant increasin.q; fortune, meeting with little adversity, yet surmounting difiiculties with vigor and energy. Within a few days of his death lie vvas on the street and at his store at his accustomed hours, transacting the u,-ual busine.ss connected with his large property, retaining his usual vigorous strength untilTuesday, February 27. On tli,at day lie vvas attacked with congestion ofthe lungs and suffered severely until Sunday evening, March 3, when hedied, nt8:25 o'clock. He retained his consciousness to the hour of death, though at times under the influence of powerful opiates administered to alleviate Iiain. THE *P10NEEll MEETING. Mf, Joshua Antrim, Historian ot the Pinnrer Association of Lo^ianand CiiampaiiMi conntics, bands us the following iiddrc'-s of Hon. Joseph C. Brand, Mayor of Urliana, accompanied with tho request of (hf ,4ssoc!alion that it be published. It was the Address of Welcom'^ to the Pi iiief i-i, wlien tho.y assembled at the Court House, September Sth, 1872: Mb. Pbbsidk.vt axd Ij-vdie^ and Gentltsmrn of thb PlONEEH As.SOCIAXrON OF Till-: COUNTIES OF LOGAN AND CHAM PAIGN: — A society organized and created ks yours has been, from patriotic motives, uns -Itish in its aspira tions, and Impelled by an earnest desire to serve the era In which you live, ns a medium be tween the past and the future, and throuuh which to collect and preserve f >r future use the historical inc-idents, individual heroism and the interesting details in the settlement of these two beautiful coiiniies, should command the respect and kind regard of every good citizen. Three quarters of a century ago our fathers were neighbois to the Indians, and surrounded by the concomitants of that race — the buffalo, the bear, the panther, and other wild beasts, and lapped upon that barbarous and uncivilized state in which this beautiful country had (or ages been enveloped. They were the compeers of Logan, Tecuraseh, Moluntha and Kenton, and to recover frag ments of tbe History of these brave men and women is the work of .vour society. When Wf remeraber the change that has been wrought in thia period. It is wonderful even to us, and marvelous to the old nations of the earth, Sevent.v-five .vears ago, on this very ground, our fathers and * From the Urbana Citizen and Gazette. 440 CHAMPAIGN AND mothers had to contend with thesavaires and the wild be.asfs of theforest; but in this short time (which is scarcely anything in the life of a nation) we find in these two counties alraost every acreof land subdued and cultivated, animated with a population of 50,000 active and enterprising people, while the plains and the valleys "blossom as the rose," Schools, colleges, universities, churches and cities now line the old Indian trail from the North to their hunting grounds in Kentucky, where the bufifdo and the deer wintered upon the cane-brakes. Along this Indian trail our first army for the protection ofthe northern frontier marched and left its trace; the first railroad in Ohio was also liuilt upon it; and win it be extravagant to predict that in less than a century from this time the cities and towns that now dot this historic path will run together and forra an almost unbroken city from tiie southern to the northern boundary of the State? This line of country has the raaterial and capacity to support its millions instead of thou sands, with (he varied pursuits and industries common to all densely populated countries. It is a custom long since established in the old countries of Europe, through the agency of antiquarian societies, to preserve as near as possible the characteristics ol their people in ever.y century —to preserve in government museums .''peciracn samples of the finearts, architecture, mechanical skill, implements of husbandry for house and fleld, arms, armour, costumes (military and civil,) house and kitchen furniture, wares, &c. These relics increase in value and interest from age, and so will the valuable reminiscences ofthe trials, adventures and labors, as well as biographical sketches of representative men and women ofthe early days of our history enhance in value and interest as the years corae and go, and the last link that binds the present to the past generations shall have been broken. You will then be remembered as lovers of your race and as disinterested public benefactors. Your archives will be carefully examined and your annals read with interest and avidity, Mr. President, without detaining you with elaborate remarksand occupying your valuable time, I now, on behalf of the people and authoritiesof the city of Urbana, welcorae you in our raidst, and hope that this, your annual meeeting, may be both interesting and profitable. THE LOGAN COUNTY * TORNADO. A whirlwind is a bad thing to get mixed upwith. People liv ing in cities have little opportunity of judging the entire truth of this statement, but their country cousins are entirely aware of the fact, and their knowledge is based on the very solid foundation stone, experience. Their houses are not ofthe city pattern. They contain no massive joists, and walls a foot thick, nor is much brick or stone used in their construction. They are generally wooden structures, rarely over two stories in height, and are not destined to last rauch beyond the lives of their builders. Consequently when the wind beeoraes terapestuous in a country village, the in habitants ofthe place are very much concerned about the matter, and are at their wit's end to find a secure refuge. Such was the ease with the inhabitants of this little town, and those of De Graff, its nearest adjoining neighbor, on Friday evening, 7th inst. Indications of a storm were apparent to tlie close observer during the day, but as twilight came on, the clearness of the atmosphere and the strange quiet that seemed to affect all things, gave every body the cue to what was to follow. The whirlwind carae frora the west, and at about half-past 6 o'clock it struck in the vicinity of Quincy, tearing the forest to pieces, and then after leaving their brokenreranants behind it, coming upon the town itself. It looked like a massive balloon as it sped on its raission of destruction, and little clouds appeared to be pursuing each other with lightning ra pidity thr jugh the upper section of it, while the lower part, corres ponding to the basket of an seronaut's vessel, seeraed like the chim ney of a locomotive. As it struck the town, houses, barns, stables, * Prom Qaincy Oorregpondence Cincinnati Qazette, June 12th, 1872. 80 442 CHAMPAIGN AND outhouses, buildings of every description, went to pieces with a continuous Clashing that sounded like the shock of armies In bat tle; and the terror-stricken citizens, such as were unhurt, rushed wildly to and fro with irresolute raind but feet ofcourierswiftness. Shouts of joy from mothers at flnding their lost offspring, from husbands ut seeing thoir wives again, and from children being ns- 6ured of their parents' safety, mingled with lamentations o^grivf from those whose search was unrewarded. The scenes were such as would have ensued had the end of the world arrive.'l, and there is perhaps no resident of the town who did not forthe moment suppose thatsuch was thecase. The terror was universal, and ever.y thought was of .self, until the wind had expended its forces. When the nature ofthe shock was under- Stood, however, many persons recovered a portion of their lost i^dflfeije, and their thoughts reverted to their relatives and fritnds. They then endeavored to ascertain their whereabouts, end raany who left their houses under such circumstances, fell in the streets, struck by flying timbers and debris. After the shock had lasted about a moment, its destroying force was carried onward to De- Graff, which is situated three miles from Qaincy, and there thesarae Dcenes were re-enacted among the populace. The destruction was priiiiipilly wrought in the b.^st section of tho town, but vvas not as extensive as in Quincy. The whirlwind seemed to be tnveling on astrai^'ht line at the rateof sixty milesan hour as it reached De- Gr,ifr, and it covered territory from flfty to a hundred miles wide. After the hurricinc had passed over DeGraff, it progressed about three miles further in its course, and then died away with its force expended. The citizens of the devastated villages were then able to prot'oed about the niourn.*"ul t isk of hunting out the victiras of the disaster, and the work was one to which all hands were turned find which was soon completed. In DeGraff about flfteen persons were hurt. The house of Jonathan Roll, a large twostorv frame, fronting on the raniii street of the haralet, was badly riddled and the roof torn off, and during the alarming crisis the occupants be came overwhelmed with terror, and rushed into the street. Mr. P.oll in person carried his little daughter Lulie, a girl seven years of age, in his arms, and had scarcely left the building beiore d miss of flying wreck struck and knocked him to the earth and covered his body and that of his daughter out oi sight in Iho LOGAN COUNTIES. 44S ruins. When the rescuers reached him after the aeciilent, the little girl, the pride of his heart, was still clasped in Ids arms; Imt her eyes c,)uld never more twinkle the delight, she felt while in hiscompan.v, and her tiny hand could never more pat nis cheek — She vvas dead; and the form five minutes before all grace and bcaut.v, vvas now distorted into it shape that wrung copious tears of sorrow from those who viewed it. Her injuries were so terri ble that death could not l.ave been delayed long enough fur her to know that she had received thein. Mr. Roll, personally, sutlered a broken shoulder blade and nu merous and severe iruises. His wife and Levaiida Mojjcs (her dau^'hter by a former husband) raet with an equally terrible mis fortune in their <£F.jrt to seek safety. The girl's l>rains were dashed out, and she was mutilated as iiadl.v as her half sister, and Mrs. Roll had her left forearm cru.shed, and received int'rii>(l ijyu- ries of so seriousa nature that her recovery is entirely conj.icturd. The naiii.3,s of the other victims I can not recollect. SulHce it to say that they are receiving every atlontion, and, with the excep tion of a boy n,imed Warner, who was blown a distance of one hundred yard,^, sorae assert, are in little danger. THE PROPERTY DESTROYEB, The ravages of the wind in DeGraff are made jilainly apparent to the occupants of passing railroad trains, and they still look confused and widespread, although every effort is beiny: put forth to restore the-towii to its former shape. The chief thoroughfare abuts on the railway depot as Bay miller does to tlie C. H. & D. Depot ill CiiiL'innati.and il view of it in the present conifition ia not gratifying. -The last building cm the east side ofthestreet waa a bam, whii'h belonged to Newt, Richardsiin, and adjoining it was the barn of Dr, H.ince, Next to the last named came the frame house and stable of T. J, Smith, and then the Methodist church, a large frarae structure. These buildings w»re all some distance back from the street, and were leveled flat. In front of the church was the dwelling house, store, and barn of Mrs. Christine, and not an erect tiraber in either building is left standing. Mr. Roll's house and stable were situated next to Mrs. Christine'a property, an 1 the stable was wrecked corapletely. Adjoining tha Roll homesleiid o i the west vvas Mrs. Lipplncott's house and bain. Tb J bouse was bereft of its roof and otherwise damaged. 444 CHAMPAIGN AND while the stable wai resolved into lumber on the spot. The last buildings on this side of main street were a small brick building, occupied as a tin and stove store by Samuel Pratt, and the fr.ime cabinet shop of J, H, Rexer, both of vhich were ruined. On the west side ofthe street the destruction was not so great as on the east, but the nuraber of buildings partially destroyed was about even. The list opens with Newt. Richardson's frame busi ness house, which lost its roof, as did the adjoining store of Conrad Mohr. The dwelling of John Van Kirk carae next, and was similarly treated, and the owner's saddle and harness shop next door also suffered scalping. The next house was Schriver, Wolf & Co,'s dry goods establishment, which, in Addition to unrooflng, was battered and broken in raany places. A good sized frame next to this last named, occupied as a dry goods store, and owned b.y Behjaniin Crutcher, was unroofed and otherwise damaged, and the hardwarcstore of Grafl'ord, Crutcher & Co., adjoining it met with bad luck, being nearly destroyed. On Boggsstreet, in rearof Main, Mrs. Russell's dwelling house (a large building,) Lippincott & Hersche's cooper shop and barn, and Lippincotts stable, were all very badly damaged, and on the west side of this street the dwell ings of John O'Hara and David Ga iney suffered severely. C, H. Custenborder, a farmer living half a mile distant, lost his house and two barns, all of which w( re blown to atoms. The grist and saw mills of Schriver, Wolf & Co,, near DeGraff, were in jured toa considerable extent. In Quincy about seventy build ings are believed to have been all or partiall.y destroyed, and an estimating committee who reckoned up the matter calculated that the loss would reach sixty or seventy thousand dollars. Among the chief losses are the following: Baptist and Methodist churches, frame buildings, both are down, Wm, Cloninger's blacksmith, cooper and wagon shops, leveled with the ground, and dwelling house rendered uninhabitable for some days. The dwelling house was moved twelve feet from its foundations. Large frame house occupied by Daniel Clark and Edward Fitz gerald, was rendered almost valueless by the damage inflicted. Henry Keyser's frame house, demolished. Widow Offenbach's dwelling house, roof off. Elias Walburn's crrriage shop, partially destroyed. D. S. Wolf's hotel and pump factory— roof off the former and the latter destroyed. LOGAN COUNTIES, 445 These are but a few of the heaviest losses. Very few buildings in the entire town seemed to have escaped the visitation. Several people were caught and imprisoned in the ruins ^of their own houses as they tell, and had to wait sorae tirae before succor came tothem. The force of the hurricanewas felt veryplainly inQuincy, and as Instances, timbers of a thickness of eight or ten'inches were blown from the Methocjist Church a distance of ten yards, and in one place after the storm, a shingle was found driven into some weatherbording, just as if it had been steel and as sharp pointed as a razor. In De Graff, also, it drew a purap frora the well of Alex ander Corry, and threw it ten feet and over his house, A large piece of tin rooflng was carried away from the iown hall inthe latter village, and was thought by imaginative countrymen, in its progrivss, to be a winged gray horse, Masses of rubbish were car ried several miles and deposited in flelds, on the tops of forest trees and elsewhere, INCIDENTS, Theflrst reliable intimation of the coming destruction was given to the inhabitants of DeGraff by a countryman, who drove through town in his wagon as fast .is his lame and antiquated gov ernment mule could hobble, and shouted to the people to vacate. Nobody understood the cause of his alarm, however, and many thought the volume of dust sweeping on toward them was caused by a runaway team. When the storm broke, a citizen mined Johnson, who possessed the first requisite of a good Cincinnati Councilman, a capacious abdomen, laid himself down beside a stone wall, and had uot been there thirty seconds, before Mr. Graffort, the hardware man, carae gliding along and speedily ranged himself on Mr, Johnson, It wasn't a good flt, however, and the next man was a Kentucky doctor of about .lohnson'ssize, who settled down on the two raerabers of the stone wall brigade, with all the lightness and ease of a three story brick house. He found, however, after he had done so, that the wall was not high enough to shield him frora the doetroyer, and so got up again, thereby saving hiraself the unpleasantness of acting as principle in a murder trial, as Johnson's breath had ebbed down to almost a thimbleful, aisd ho could not muster up a whisper of remon strance. The most miraculous event that occurred in DeGraff is believed 443 CHAMPAIGN AND to have been the escape of a French stallion — a splendid animal— that vvas lodgeiljn astahle back of Miin street. Tne stable wa9 leveled flat with thegrouml, and a surface of perhips one hundred feel square was covered with corncolis and rubbish, and the ani mal \V!t,s found afterward Hliiiiding wliere ills stall ouuht lo be, and calmly feediii;,' upon the lortse bay Strewn arouiui bim. A siiiil- l.ir incident was Ihe esjipe of a broixl of pi'.;eoiis. This last event was clironicleil liy one youngster t'l another (as oveiheaid by a bystander) in very ^oievi-d tones, "There wasn't oneof the old pigeons hurl," and the event v.'as sufiiciently ,'^ingnhir lo excite comraent among older people than Ihe bo.v. On Hay .strett a small frame dwelling li(aise occupied liy John Van Kirk was turned halfway round with the gable end to the street, without a board being disjihiced. The IMinii-rcrial A.^sociation of (he Rcllefontaine District was to have met in the Methodist church to-day, but upon seci nd thought concluded they would not do so. The funerals of the dead girU, and also that of Mrs, Glick, in Quincy, took plaee on Monday, and were not ver.y hugely attended, owing to the other inlerests that clairaerl tho absorbing attentio!! of the peofile. The towns bave been visited by thousands of |)eo|)le since the disaster, and the re lief movements are in y^ood sli:ipe, and promisin!; an abundantly satisfactory return. In DeGraff the housele.se; on ne.irl.v every dilanidated hou«e front in the place: "Blown ilown, bnt alive and read.v to do dul.v in m.v dwelling house, one door north of the old stand. Sam. Frvntz, "Stoves, qufH^nsw-are, Ac." Haifa doz"n persons in the two towns were carried some yards by the strength of the wind, and one b.v the name of Johnnie Parks, living in Quincy, s;i\s Im held to the post ns long as the poi:t stood it, but vvhen it wtnt he went too. He couldn't resist LOGAN COUNTIES. 447 the inclination. It is most probibla that th-i wliirhvial'i pTVsr was brought chiefly to bear upon the forests before it had reached Quincy, The scene in these uninhabited tracts of land is most convincing evidence of the wind's terrible power. Trees as liigh as the Opera House, and thick beyond the capacity of two men's nrins to encircle, lie here, wrenched out of the very ground by tha airy mon.ster. Some are split in two, and their 'iran 'lies lie strewn around in endless contusion. Others are taken short off at the base, and others still have had their bninriies lopped off. Those that are Still standing are bent and insiguiticant-louking, when compared vvitii their former erect position. HOW KINGS CREEK GOT ITS NAME. BY Er. I/. MOEGAN, According to thehest i-aformation which can be obtained, this township (Salem) was first visiteii by the whites, in the fall of 1736, At that time an army of Kentuckians, under the comraand of Gen. Benjamin Logan, passed through here, when on their way to destroy the Indians on Maf-a-cheek. The advance of this army was commanded b.y Colonel D.iniel Boone and Major Simon Ken ton, The following incident, which occurred at the tirae, was re lated f o the writer, and others, by Si mon Kenton, at Taylor's mill, on Kings Creek, in the spring of 1814: A few of the mounted men, who were a short distance in ad vance, suddenly encountered a few Indians, in the prairie, a short distance west of tho present residence of Mr, John Eichholts. The two parties discovered each other at the same time, and the Indians, who wore on foot, made a vigorous effort to reach th^ high ground upon the east, thatthey raight have the advanta'ge of the timber, and flre at the whites from behind the trees ; but by a timely and rapid movement, they were headed off by the horse men. The Indians then wheeled to the north, and on entering the high grass, near the creek, they scattered like frightened quails, and squatted and concealed themselves in the high grass and weeds. The Kentuckians pursued, and at a point about one- fourth mile below the present site ofthe Kingston raills and nearly opposite the present i< sidence of Mr, Nathaniel Johnson, one of tha horsemen came upon an Indian, who, upon being dis- LOGAN COUNTIES, 440 covered, rose to his feet, presented his gun and pulled the trigger, but fortunately for the soldier, the gun raissed fire, andthe Ken tuckian shot and killed the Indian before he could raake his es cape. This Indian, from his dress and appearance, was supposed to be a chief or king. After scalping the fallen foe, and divest ing the body of its ornaments and jewels, they watered their horsesat the beautiful stream hard by, and gave it the name of "The King's Creek," whicii name it still bears. At the time here referred to, there stood near the spot a honey locust tree, which afterward attained to a great height and un coraraon size for one of its kind, and was often referred to by the old settlers as the place where the Indian king was killed ; and some folks who believed such things, asserted that they frequent ly saw the red man'sghost, with his "raw head and bloody bones," prowling about the tree or perched upon the topmost branches in form of a huge horned owl, as they passed that way of a moon light night ; and so great was the dread of sorae, that they would travel halt a raile out of their way, rather than risk an encounter with his "royal highness." But that tree is gone, the ghost has disappeared, the generation that feared it has passed away aud is almost forgotten— nothing ciranected with the event now remains, save only thi) creek and its name — they will abide forever. DEATH OF TION. MOSES B. CORWIN. Mn,ses Bledsoe Corwin died at his residence in this cit.y, Thurs day evenintr, April llth, 1872, a'j-od 82 years and 3 months. He vvas the first child of Ichahod and ."^arah Corwin, and w.is born in Biirbvi ouaty, K'ntii.'kv, .Iiniiiry oth, 1739, and six years liter ths faraily re iioved to i.eb.iaon, O lio, where he grew up to manhood. June 4th, 1311,li?wis married to TMirTraret Fax, of Lebanon, and in 1812 ihej moved lo Uib'iiia, arriving here June ISth, and here they spent the remainder of their lives. Upon bis arrival here, Mr. Corwin began the publication of the Wate/Uower, the flrst newspaper published in the then large county of Champaign, in- troducin,-- press and t.vpes into the vist wihlerness, undismayed by (he popular illiterac.y of most early settlers, and less annoyed by the coinpelition of other presses a hundred miles awa.y. Early in 1811 heh-.id been a trifling trip, a^ it now would be, but occupied weeks always, and frequently extending into months. In 1838 Mr, Corwin was elected Representative from Champaifrn and Union counties to the State Legislature, and vvas re-elected in 1839. •From the Urbana, O., Ciiixn and Oazeiie. LOGAN COUNTIES. 451 He represented this District (then coraposed of Champaign, Lo gan, Union, Delaware and Clarke counties,) in Congress, in 1849-50, and again in 1853-51, servimr, faithfully and acceptably, the people of the Eighth Disa-ict, in tirass when politic.d strategy and high- toned compromise were actively enga'zed in prep iringevil webs for n future day to unravel. On all the measures of those days, Mr, Corwin entertained an I advocated advanced ideas, which event- u.dly led him to enrol! himself in the ranks of the Republican party, early in its career, in which he lived politically until his natural death. His social life was a thread of interesting portrayals of the char acter of true friendship. The fire of love burned brightlj' in his heart and the sun never set upon his anger. To a friend he was all friend, in adversity or thrift. In the hour of trial, of deep de spair, his friend found him strong to avert any danger and with a will to do it. An incident occurs to us that is fruitful of the lessons of friend ship and shows the true tests. It was told 1 y Jonathan E, Chap lin, in the First M. E, Church, many years ago, in an address on Temperance, And to raake this incident the more fully under stood, it must be known that in his early manhood, Mr. Corwin vvas anintemperalo man, beyond the ordinary dram drinkingcus- torasoftheday, and Mr, Chaplin was his chosen companion of the Lour, In the fill of 1830, in Noveraber if we mistake not, the naturally religious faculties of Mr, Corwin assumed supremacy over his gros,ser passions and led him to unite himself with the M. B. Church, He closed his lips against liquor in all its forms and became totally abstinent. The great change in so prominent a man was the theme of evt^ry tongue ami excitement even resulted from so great a reforraation and so prominent an exaraple. The example was not lost on his most valued and truly honor able friend, Jonathan Chaplin, and he too made the effort to ab stain from the cup. For days and nights he wrestled with the demon appetite, and fought manfully again.st the love of that which he knew would drag him down to destruction. At the niorn- in^of the eighth day he succumbed tothe demands of his totter ing brain and with shaking nerves, and mind racked with the tor ture ofan appetite freed from resistance, he arose long before dawn. 452 CHAMPAIGN AND and raaddened, crazed, he awaited the coming of tho first gray streaksof the day that he might go down town, awaken a store keeper, and appease his appetite with brandy, which he knew ho would surely obtain. Day dawned, and throwing a blanket around him, he started down town, the wind blowing flercely, and rain falling frozen upon the ground, and soon reached North Main street. As he turned into that street he met a strong blast of wind that nearly carried away his hat and blanket, when he pulled the blanket over his head and groped his wa.y onward, not caring what might be in his way, and seeing^nothing. Out of a littie nook near where lUisser's Cigar Store now stands, stepped a manl.y form and seized him flrmly by the shoulder, turned him around, and in a friendly voice said, "Jonathan, come home," And, God be praised. Jonathan went. He who had saved his friend from that most hopeless, uncharit able road to destruction, vvas Moses B. Coi^vin, and for eight early raornings had he watched and waited there; knowing the crav ings of appetite that "would afflict him in whora he had the strong est Interest — knowing the hour it would come the strongest to at tack him, and he put forth the strong and resolute hand, Jona than Chaplin became an honored and exceedingly popular minister of the Gospel, Such an event is worth the living of an ordinary lifetime; but Mr, Corwin's life exhibited many such incidents, showing his val uation of the fraternal ties of raanhood, and their correct uses. The declining days of such a raan are full of peace, and his retro spect ofa long life was fruitful of corafort and contentraent that made him happy, even when surrounded with affliction, Sedng, he heard not, but his thoughts of the good tho world has and had were the solace of a good old man. THE LUDLOW ROAD, HOW IT GOT ITS NAME. BT ED, Ii, IVtOBGAN. The question is often asked, why and for what reason a certain line and road in this county is called the "Ludlow Line," and "Lud low Road," 1 will endeavor to explain the why and the where fore, in as brief a raanner as possible. On the 23d of May, one one thousand six hundred and nine (1609,) King Jaraes the First of England granted a charter to certain persons for that part of America called Virginia, and frora that charter I now will copy the following extract : "And we also, of our special grace, certain knowledge and raere motion, give, grant and confirm, unto the said treasurer and com- pafly, and their succe.ssors, under the reservations, limitations and declarations hereafter expres.sed, all those lands, countries and territories situate, lying and being in that part of America called Virginia, from the point of land called Cape or Point Cora fort, all along the sea coast to the northward two hundred miles, and frora the said point of Cape Corafort all along the sea coast to the southward two hundred railes, and all that space and circuit of land lying from the sea coast of the precinct aforesaid, up into the land, throughout, from sea to sea, west and north-west; and also all the islands lying within one hundred miles, along the coast of both seas ofthe precinct aforesaid," The foregoing is an exact copy, even to the punctuation. 464 CHAMPAIGN AND By virtue of this charter, Virsriniii claimed title to all lartd lying between the Atlantic and Picific oceans, and her right vvas never called in question. After the close of the war of the Revolution, the State of Virginia ceded to the Uniteil States the greatest part of this vast domain, and at the same time made certain reserva tions; and among them she reserved all lhe land lying between the Little Miami and Scioto Rivers, in what is now the State of Ohio. This land was reserved for the pur()0Srt of paying the Vir ginia soldiers whoserved in the war of the Revolution, and vvas distributed amontr the officers and soldiers in quantities jiropor- tionate to their several grades in the army. As the Little Miami extended but a short distance into tho country, frora its mouth at the Ohio river, and the Scioto, whi(!h is the eastern boundary of the reserve, extends a sreat ileal further, both northward and easterly, into the (rountry, it was necessary that a line should be run from the bend of one river to theother, in order to define the limits of the reserve made by the Sfcit.e of Virijinia, The flrst line was run from the head of the Little Miami toward the place that was supposed to be the head of the Sciolo. This line was run by Israel Ludlow, hence the name of "Ludlow Line." This line from the head of the Little Miami benrs north, twent.v degrees west. It was afterward discovered that the head of theScioto wa3 several miles further west than the point at flrst designated as its source. This di=cover.y caused much trouble and several law-suits, and a second line was run, '-ailed "Uoberts' line." In due time a numb-T ofsurve.yors were em ployed to locate and sur vey the lands, and for this purpose the owners of warrants put them into the han .lohn Hamilton, ., (v5 Pioneer Settlers of Urbana, tii) Hull's Trace, 7;< Phenomenal -- 74 Tornado at Bellefontaine in the Year 1825, '!'< The Lost Child (Hopkins), 77 Andrew Hellman, the Murderer, 7!( Review of Hellman's Confe.ssion, 111 Hellman in Logan County, 120 Execution of Hellraan, .-" l-.'4 Lo.st Child (Curl), 1816, 12,s TheLostChild, (Poetry), 134 Early Settlement of Madriver Township, ItW Zane Township in 180.5, lin First Settlers in Jefferson Township, 142 First Settlers in Monroe Township, 142 First Settlement of Liberty Township, 14:! Hokes Creek Township, 144 Rush Township, Champaitjn County, 144 Perry Township, Logan County, 14;") ,Tohn Enoch, 14;> John Shelby, 147 CONTENTS. 4.59 Riddle* Rutan, _ _ . _._ 147 N. Z. McColloch, 14S Johnny Appleseed, .... 148 Lorenzo Dow, .. Kil Rev. David Merrill, 164 Rev. George Walker, 166 White Pilgrim, _.. 167 Poem at the Grave of Same, ( White Pilgrim ), 168 The First Chur.-hes, / ' KiO The M.E. Church, Urbana, 172 Mount Tabor, 172 Quaker Church, at Darbv, 173 Tharp's Run Church, ._* 173 .Methodist Church in Zane Townshiji, 173 Universalist, . 173 .Spain's Run Methodist Church, 173 First Merchants, 474 William llubb-ard, 175 Abram Sanders Piatt, . 178 Logan Count.v, .... 181 Simon Kenton, 192 .lonathan Alder, -- 204 First Settlement in Logan fJonnty, 211 New Court-house, 216 Pioneer Sketches, Haller, 220 Aaron Guttridye, 2.33 Earlv Recollections, Sarah M. 3Ioore, 2:-!7 William Botrys, 243 William Jolinson, ^ 243 .lacob Johnson, _. , 244 William Baldwin, 244 Henry Cowgill, — .. 244 Thomas Cow.gill, Sr., 245 Archibald Stewart, - . 245 Simeon Morecraft, 245 Col. John Thomas, -.- 246 Salem Township, 248 Governor Vance, ._ 255 Marriage Record of Champaign County, 260 Marriage Record of Logan County, 263 Poll Books of Early Elections in Champaign County, 269 Poll Books of Early Elections in Logan Count.y, 279 Concord Township, T. S. McFarland, 294 .Spotty, - Wm. Hubbard, 302 Recollections of Bar of Logan County, 306 Ka-los-i-tah, T. Hubbard, 321 Pioneer History, N. Z. McColloch, 325 Nanc.v Stewart, -. Sarah M. Moore, 327 Beliefimtaine Forty Y^ears Ago, 329 Hull's Surrender at Detroit, 335 4li0 (INTENTS. Tilt- Pioneers, I>r. Brown, -339 All Old Burying Ground, ,.,. <^>:irS -Idlers', Mrs. Sarah M. Moore, 34o Fifty Years Ago, 'f^. Pioneer Meetings at Middleburg and West Liberty, ^4.' Pioneer Incidents, '^'^;I J'eniarks by Archibald Hopkins, ^^ First Quarterly Meeting, \^ Ueniarks by lir. Brown,' '^l R'Miiarks by Samuel Carter, *' Remarks b.v Voliiev Thomas. .. •^'' At the.'^ld' Home,' ( Poew ) HulAard, 374 ¦Oh, Give Them Back, Roberts, 376 Pioneer Sketches, Roberts, 378 Recollections of My Childhood, -- - 396 Polly Litty, .' 399 Hidden Treasure, 401 Pioneer Poll.v, I""* Pioneer Practice of Medicine, 408 The Old Pioneers — Fortv Years Ago, (Poem) 414 Mv Fii-st Visit to West Liberty, 416 Fifty Years Ago, 419 Tornado at Urbana, Patrick, 421 Pere Dugan, 425 Fiftv Years Ago, . 428 Sketch of the Life of Mrs. Mary Madden, 433 .lohn Chesher, 435 ffenry Weaver, 437 The Pioneer IVleeting, 439 liOgaii Count.v Tornado, 441 The Property Destroyed, 443 Incidents, 445 How King's Creek Got its Name, 448 Death of Hon. Moses B. Corwin, 450 The Ludlow Road, , 453 Ex-Governor Vance's Family, . 456 Krrata, 456 • . ¦¦¦-:.A:T.;-'i]^>,:it-s*:-m|#M^^