YALE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY 3 9002 05423 3698 !.-*»«s:|i»5K;i'*/i01-ft.:.ll «aa«MBIM«M»>MIV'J I 'auj'ti ¦¦i"">"" J' I in%.'iii-'» ^^JiSi!'4iP!|wi,l|!ii'Jil'J I" ¦ Bf »¦»¦¦¦¦ .¦wnwnBN YALE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY iasB" FmST RESIDENCE IN OREGON JAS.V. gale',s ^c^ THE HISTORY OGLE COUNTY. ILLINOIS, CONTAINING J\ f^ISTORY OF THE QoUNTY 1 TS (^ITIES, X^WNS, 'J^TC. A BIOGRAPHICAL DIRECTORY OF ITS CITIZEN'S, WAR RECORD OF ITS VOLUNTEERS IN THE LA TE REBELLION, GENERAL AND LOCAL STATISTICS, PORTRAITS OF EARLY SETTLERS AND PROMINENT MEN, History of the Northwest, History of Illinois, Map of Ogle County, Constitotion of the United States, Miscellaneous Matters, Etc. ILLUSTRATED. CHICAGO: H. F. KETT & CO., TIMES BUILDING, J 87 8. CnaS,3'7A- OTTAWAY & COLBERT, PRINTERS, 147 &, 14S F^FTH Ay., CHICAGO, >U^ Preface. Forty-eight years have come and gone since civilization's advance guards in the per sons of Isaac Chambers and John Ankeny, came to occupy and develop the rich agri cultural lands and exercise dominion in the Sinnissippi* Country, erst the home of the wild, untutored red men, their wives and little ones, and the grazing places ofthe buflfalo, the elk, the deer and other animals native to the climate, herbage and grasses. Had these pioneers or some of the others who immediately followed them, directed their attention to the keeping of a chronological journal or diary of events, to write a history of the country now, would be a comparatively easy task. In the absence of such records, the magnitude of the under taking is very materially augmented, and rendered still more intricate and difficult by reason of the absence of nearly all the pioneer fathers and mothers who first came to gladden the prairie and forest wilds with their presence, and scatter the seeds of that better intelli gence which, growing and spreading as year was added to year, until the country of their choice ranks second to none in modern accomplishments. The seeds they scattered ripened into the fullness of a plentiful harvest, and school-houses, churches, colleges, cities, towns, telegraphs, railroads and palatial-like residences occupy the old " camp grounds " of the Winnebagoes, Pottawatomies, and kindred tribes of red men. The struggles, changes, and vicissitudes that forty-eight years evoke, are as trying to the minds as to the bodies of men. Physical and mental strength waste away together beneath accumulating years, and the memory of names, dates, and events becomes lost in the confusion brought by time and its restless, unceasing changes. Circumstances that were fresh in memory ten and twenty years after their occurrence, are almost, if not entirely, for gotten, when nearly fifty years have gone. If not entirely obliterated and effaced from memory's tablet, they are so nearly so that, when recalled by one seeking to preserve them, , the recollections come slowly back, more like the memory of a midnight dream than of an actual occurrence, in which they were partial, if not active participants and prominent actors. The footprint of time leaves its impressions and destroying agencies upon every thing, and hence it would be unreasonable to suppose that the annals, incidents and hap penings of nearly half a century, in a community like that whose history we have attempted to write, could be preserved intact and unbroken. That part of this history of Ogle County relating to the Prairie Pirates is believed to be the only succinct, clear and reliable history ever published of the outrages and outlawry to which Ogle and adjoining counties were subjected for so many years. The facts relating to that reign of terror were obtained from different citizens who tooli a prominent and active part in the measures inaugurated to free themselves from the presence of the outlaws that defiled and corrupted the C9untry and the courts, and held the people in terror from 1835 to 1845, when the piratical combination was broken up and dispersed. Many of the prom inent and active members of the so-called Regulators have maintained a continuous resi dence in the county, where they have steadily grown in wealth, honor and influence; and while they regret the necessity for the organization of themselves as Vif/ilantes and the kill ing of the Driscolls, they believed then, as they believe now, that it was the only means of protecting their lives and their homes. We feel assured this chapter will be read with interest. The passage of several years was marked in the pages of time after the first settle ments were made at Buffalo Grove before any records of a public nature, relating to what is now Ogle County, were made. From the date of the first settlements by white men at Galena, until the organization of Ogle County in 1836, this territory, now so populous and full of business prosperity, was subject to the jurisdiction of the Fever River Country; and as matters of historical truth ;many things of which we have written were collected from the early records of Jo Daviess County at Galena. However remote this source of * Indian for Kocky Biver. VI PEEFACE. information may seem, as connected with the history of Ogle County, those records were invaluable aids to the authors of this book. Without them and the information therein preserved, this history would be very incomplete and imperfect. With this single exception the gentlemen entrusted with the duty of writing this history were forced to depend upon the memory and intelligence of the few surviving pioneer settlers for a very large share of facts and information relating to immediate local events until after the organization of the county by act of the legislature, approved January 16, 1836, the first election for county officers December 34, 1836, and the first session of the County Commissioners' Court January 3, 1837. For these reasons it is not to be expected this volume will be entirely accurate as to names, dates, etc., or that it will be so perfect as to be above and beyond criticism, for the book is yet to be written and printed that can justly claim the meed of perfection; but it is the publishers' hope, as it is their belief, that it will be found measurably correct and gener ally accurate and reliable. Industrious and studied care has been exercised to make it a standard book of reference, as well as one of interest, to the general reader. If in such a multiplicity of names, dates, etc., some errors are not detected, it will be strange, indeed. Such as it is, our offering is completed, and it only remains for us to acknowledge our obligations to the gentlemen named below for the valuable information furnished by them, without which this history of Ogle County would not be so voluminous and com prehensive. To Phineas Chaney, Hon. Jambs V. Gale, Captain George P. Jacobs, George W. Phelps, Isaac S. Woollby, Hugh Rea, Samuel Wilson, Esq., H. P. Lason, editor of the Oouri&r, T. Oscar Johnston, editor of the Reporter, George W. Hormell, County Clerk, and his accomplished and efficient deputy, John Mack, Elbbrt K. Light, Clerk of the Circuit Court, and Jonathan W. Jenkins, of Oregon; Prof. D. J. Pinckney, A. QuiNBY Allen, Esq., Mrs. Emily Hitt, J. W. Hitt, Esq., Prof. N. C. Dougherty, Samuel Knodlb, Frederick B. Brayton, Esq., Martin T. Rohrer, Esq., and Mrs. Elizabeth McCoy, of Mount Morris; Capt. Nathaniel Swingley, Thomas Smith, of Creston ; Silas St. John Mix, Perry Norton and G. W. Hawks, of Byron ; Geo. D. Read, J. W. Clinton, Col. J. D. Stevenson, Jas. C. Luckey, Esq., and Hon. J. D. Camp bell, of Polo; Alfred a. Hoadlby and E. L. Otis, of Rochelle; Samuel Mitchell, of Forreston; Charles Throop, of Grand de Tour; and W. J. Keybs, of Daysville; this paragraph of acknowledgment is therefore respectfully dedicated. To the ministers and official representatives of the various churches, and to the Superintendent, Principal and Teachers of the schools of the county, we are also under obligations for statistical and historical information. To the parties named above is due in a great measure, whatever of merit may be ascribed to this undertaking. To the people of the county in general, and the people of Oregon City in particular, our most grateful considerations are due for their universal kindness to our representatives and agents, who were charged with the labor of collecting and arranging the information herein presented to that posterity who will come in the not far distant by-and-by to fill the places of the fathers and mothers, so many of whose names and honorable biographies are to be found within the pages of this book. In conclusion, the publishers express the sincere hope that before another forty-eight years will have passed, other and abler minds will have taken up and recorded the historical events that will follow after the close of this ofiering to the people of Ogle County, that the historical literature ofthe country may be fully preserved and maintained from county to nation. H. F. KETT & CO., ^P"l- l'^^^- PuhlisUrs. Contents. Paqb. History Northwest Territory.. 19 Geographical Position 19 Early Explorations 20 Discovery of the Ohio 33 English Explorations and Settlements 35 American Settlements 60 Division of the Northwest Territory — ¦ 66 Tecnmseh and the War of 1812 70 Black Hawk and the Black Hawk War 74 Other Indian Troubles 79 Present Condition of the Northwest 87 Illinois 99 Indiana 101 Iowa. 102 Michigan 103 Wisconsin 104 Minnesota... 106 Nebraska 107 History of Illinois 109 Coal 125 Compact of 1787 117 HISTORICAI.. Paoe. History of Illinois. Chicago 132 Early Discoveries 109 Early Settlements ...115 Education 129 French Occupation 112 Genius of La Salle 113 Material Resources 124 Massacre at Ft. Dearborn, 141 Physical Features 121 Progress of Development,123 Religion and Morals 128 War Record 130 Histoiy of Ogle County 221 Physical Geography 221 Introductory 336 Winnebago War .270 Black Hawk War 27S Local History 291 Township Organization.. .325 Circuit Records 344 Prairie Pirates.. 350 Bridge. 380 War History 384 Railroads 423 Northern Boundary 443 IliliUSTRATION!;. Paoe. History of Ogle Co . Press 447 Mound Builders .455 Fossils and Petrifactions. 458 County OtticerB ...460 Vote 462 Property Statement 464 Educational 465 Rock River Seminary 468 Old Settlers.. 479 Swamp Lands 482 River Improvement 488 County Poor 484 History of Towns : Oregon 486 Rochelle 604 Mt. Morris 533 Polo , 551 Forreston 678 Byron 589 Ghana 599 Creston 603 Davis Junction. 606 Grand de Tour 607 Daysville 611 Other Towns ...613 PAeE. Mouth of the Mississippi 31 Source of tho Mississippi 21 Wild Prairie 23 La Salle Landing on the Shore ofGreenBay.. 25 Buffalo Hunt 27 Trapping 39 Hunting - 32 Iroquois Chief. 34 Pontiac, the Ottawa Chieftain. 43 Indians Attacking Frontiers men 56 A Prairie Storm 59 A Pioneer Dwelling 61 Breaking Prairie 63 TecnmBeh,the Shawnoe Chief tain 69 Page. Indians Attacking a Stockade, 72 Black Hawk, the Sac Chieftain 75 Big Eagle 80 Captain Jack, the Modoc Chief tain 83 Kinzie House 85 Village Residence 86 A Representative Pioneer 87 Lincoln Monument, Spring field, 111 88 A Pioneer School House 89 Farm View in the Winter 90 Spring Scene 91 Pioneers' First Winter 92 Apple Harvest.. 94 Great Iron Bridge of C, R. I. and P. R. R., Crossing the Paoe. Mississippi at Davenport, Iowa 96 A Western Dwelling 100 Hunting Prairie Wolves in an Early Day 108 Starved Rock, on the Illinois River, La Salle Co., Ill 110 An Early Settlement 116 Chicago in 1833 133 Old Fort Dearborn,1830 136 Present Site Lake St. Bridge, Chicago, 1833 136 Ruins of Chicago 142 View of the City of Chicago. .144 Shabbona 149 First Residence in Oregon Frontispiece I^ITHOORAPHIC PORTRAITS. Page. Bacon, B. W 397 Babcock, A. S 337 Burns, W. W 565 Clinton, J. W 673 Chaney.P 219 Campbell, J. D 327 Butcher, E. F 357 Davis, Jeremiah 601 Flagg, W. P.. 165 Poller, W. W 257 Gale, J. V 367 Hotaling, J. R 417 Hathaway, M. D 529 Page. Hoadley A. S 511 Johnston, T. 0 619 Lason, H. P 493 Mix, W. J., Sr 147 Mix, W. J.,Jr 247 Mix,H. A. (deceased) 277 Mix, H, A., M. D 287 Mix, S.' St John 655 Phelps, G. W 407 Petrie, F. J .377 Potter, E. S 427 Reed, Ed. E 347 Roe, Jno. Dr 637 Page. Rice, Isaac 709 Ray, J. T 469 Shumway, R. G 267 Sharer, Jno 547 Schryver, M. E 691 Slocum, C. B 583 Stiles, D. B 307 Stocking, Wm 317 Sheets, B.F 387 Smith, P 237 Wagner, R 183 Williams, C. K 201 Wamsly, Wm 297 oeiiE COUJfTT WAR RECORD. Page. Infantry . 15th.34th.39th-48th.55th.69th. 74th. .896 .400.401 .404 ..404 Infantry. 75th .. 92d ... 140th .. 142d. Page. ....406....406 ....413 .414 Miscellaneous Infantry 415 Cavalry 416 2d .->. 416 4th 419 Cavalry. 7th 8th 12th 13th 14th 15th 17th Artillery 421 Page. ....419. 420 ....420 ....420....420 ....421 .421 VlU CONTENT'S. BIOeRAPBlICAI. TOWNSHIP DIRECTORT. Page. Oregon , 617 Plagg 651 Buffalo 675 Maryland 711 Forreston 721 Dement 729 Leaf River 740 Kockvale 753 Page. Mt. Morris 768 Byron 840 BrookvUle 789 Eagle Point 812 Grand de Tour 808 Lincoln... 845 Lafayette 784 Lynnville 793 Page. Monroe 798 Marion 823 Nashua 639 Pine Rock 852 Pine Creek 818 Scott 832 Taylor 807 White Rock 642 ABSTRACT OF II.I.INOIS STATE I.AWS. Page. Adoption of Children 160 BlllB of Exchange and Prom issory Notes 161 County Courts 155 Conveyances 164 Church Organization 189 Descent 151 Deeds and Mortgages 157 Drainage. 163 Damages from Trespass 169 Definition of Com'rcial Termsl73 Exemptions from Forced Sale,156 Estrays 157 Fences 168 Forms : Articles of Agreement 175 Bills ot Purchase 174 Bills of Sale 176 Forms : Page. Bonds 176 Chattel Mortgages 177 Codicil 189 Lease of Farm and B'ld'gs,179 Lease of House 180 Landlord's Agreement 180 Notes 174 Notice Tenant to Quit 181 Orders 174 §uit Claim Deed 185 eceipt 174 Real Estate Mortgage to secure paym't of Money ,181 Release 186 Tenant's Agreement 180 Tenant's Notice to Quit.. 181 Warranty Deed 182 Will 1S7 Page. Game 158 Interest 151 Jurisdiction of Conrts 154 Limitation of Action 155 Landlord and Tenant 169 Liens ..172 Married Women .'. 155 Millers 159 Marks and Brands 1.59 Paupers 164 Roads and Bridges 161 Surveyors and Surveys 160 Suggestion toPersons purchas ing Books by Subscription .190 Taxes 154 Wills and Estates 152 Weights and Measures 158 Wolf Scalps 164 Page. Map of Ogle Co Front. Constitution of United Statesl92 Electors of President and Vice-President, 1876 206 Practical Rules for every day use 207 V. S. Government Land Meas- nre 210 IHISCEI,I.AN£OVS. Page. Surveyors Measure 211 How to keep accounts 211 Interest Table 212 Miscellaneous Table 212 Names of the States of the Union and their Significa tions 213 Population ofthe U. S 214 Page. Population of Fifty Principal Cities of the U. S 214 Population and Area of the United States 315 Population ot the Principal Countries in the World 215 Population Illinois 216 & 217 Agricultural Productions of IllinolB by Counties 1870 ...218 The Northwest Territory. GEOGRAPHICAL POSITION. When the Northwestern Territory was ceded to the United States by Virginia in 1784, it embraced only the territory lying between the Ohio and the Mississippi Rivers, and north to the northern limits of the United States. It coincided with the area now embraced in the States of Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, Illinois, Wisconsin, and that portion of Minnesota lying on the east side of the Mississippi River. The United States itself at that period extended no farther west than the Mississippi River ; but by the purchase of Louisiana in 1803, the western boundary of the United States was extended to the Rocky Mountains and the Northern Pacific Ocean. The new territory thus added to the National domain, and subsequently opened to settlement, has been called the "New Northwest," in contradistinction from the old "Northwestern Territory. " In comparison with the old Northwest this is a territory of vast magnitude. It includes an area of 1,887,850 square miles ; being greater in extent than the united areas of all the Middle and Southern States, including Texas. Out of this magnificent territory have been erected eleven sovereign States and eight Territories, with an aggregate popula tion, at the present time, of 13,000,000 inhabitants, or nearly one third of the entire population of the United States. Its lakes are fresh-water seas, and the larger rivers of the continent flow for a thousand miles through its rich alluvial valleys and far- stretching prairies, more acres of which are arable and productive of the highest percentage of the cereals than of any other area of like extent on the globe. For the last twenty years the increase of population in the North west has been about as three to one in any other portion of the United States. (19) 20 THE NORTHWEST TEEKITOKY. EARLY EXPLORATIONS. In the year 1541, DeSoto first saw the Great West in the New World. He, however, penetrated no farther north than the 85th parallel of latitude. The expedition resulted in his death and that of more than half his army, the remainder of whom found their way to Cuba, thence to Spain, in a famished and demoralized condition. DeSoto founded no settlements, produced no results, and left no traces, unless it were that he awakened the hostility of the red man against the white man, and disheartened such as might desire to follow up the career of discovery for better purposes. The French nation were eager and ready to seize upon any news from this extensive domain, and were the first to profit by DeSoto's defeat. Yet it M^as more than a century before any adventurer took advantage of these discoveries. In 1616, four years before the pilgrims " moored their bark on the wild New England shore," Le Caron, a French Franciscan, had pene trated through the Iroquois and Wyandots (Hurons) to the streams which run into Lake Huron ; and in 1634, two Jesuit missionaries founded the first mission among the lake tribes. It was just one hundred years from the discovery of the Mississippi by DeSoto (1541) until the Canadian envoys met the savage nations of the Northwest at the Falls of St. Mary, below the outlet of Lake Superior. This visit led to no permanent result ; yet it was not until 1 659 that any of the adventurous fur traders attempted to spend a Winter in the frozen wilds about the great lakes, nor was it until 1660 that a station was established upon their borders by Mesnard, who perished in the woods a few months after. In 1665, Claude AUouez built the earliest lasting habitation of the white man among the Indians of the Northwest. In 1668, Claude Dablon and James Marquette founded the mission of Sault Ste. Marie at the Falls of St. Marv, and two years afterward, Nicholas Perrot, as agent for M. Talon, Governor Gen eral of Canada, explored Lake Illinois (Michigan) as far south as the present City of Chicago, and invited the Indian nations to meet him at a grand council at Sault Ste. Marie the following .Spring, where they were taken under the protection of the king, and formal possession was taken of the Northwest. This same year Marquette established a mission at Point St. Ignatius, where was founded the old town of Michillimackinac. During M. Talon's explorations and Marquette's residence at St. Ignatius, they learned of a great river away to the west, and fancied —as all others did then— that upon its fertile banks whole tribes of God's children resided, to whom the sound of the Gospel had never come. Filled with a wish to go and preach to them, and in compliance with a . ^— — - -I H WfelSz|OIslso S)>-iHO &3 SOURCE OF THE MISSISSIPPI. MOUTH OF THE MISSISSIPPI. fcO 22 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. request of M. Talon, who earnestly desired to extend the domain of his king, and to ascertain whether the river flowed into the Gulf of Mexico or the Pacific Ocean, Marquette with Joliet, as commander of the expe dition, prepared for the undertaking. On the 13th of May, 1673, the explorers, accompanied by five assist ant French Canadians, set out from Mackinaw on their daring voyage of discovery. The Indians, who gathered to witness their departure, were astonished at the boldness of the undertaking, and endeavored to dissuade them from their purpose by representing the tribes on the Mississippi as exceedingly savage and cruel, and the river itself as full of all sorts of frightful monsters ready to swallow them and their canoes together. But, nothing daunted by these terrific descriptions, Marquette told them he was willing not only to encounter all the perils of the unknown region they were about to explore, but to lay down his life in a cause in which the salvation of souls was involved ; and having prayed together they separated. Coasting along the northern shore of Lake Michigan, the adventurers entered Green Bay, and passed thence up the Fox River and Lake Winnebago to a village of the Miamis and Kickapoos. Here Mar quette was delighted to find a beautiful cross planted in the middle of the town ornamented with white skins, red girdles and bows and arrows, which these good people had offered to the Great Manitou, or God, to thank him for the pity he had bestowed on them during the Winter in giving them an abundant " chase." This was the farthest outpost to which Dablon and AUouez had extended their missionary labors the 3'^ear previous. Here Marquette drank mineral waters and was instructed in the secret of a root which cures the bite of the venomous rattlesnake. He assembled the chiefs and old men of the village, and, pointing to Joliet, said : " My friend is an envoy of France, to discover new coun tries, and I am an ambassador from God to enlighten them with the truths of the Gospel." Two Miami guides were here furnished to conduct them to the Wisconsin River, and they set out from the Indian village on the 10th of June, amidst a great crowd of natives who had assembled to witness their departure into a region where no white man had ever yet ventured. The guides, having conducted them across the portage, returned. The explorers launched their canoes upon the Wisconsin, which they descended to the Mississippi and proceeded down its unknown waters. What emotions must have swelled their breasts as they struck out into the broadening current and became conscious that they were now upon the bosom of th3 Father of Waters. The mystery was about to be lifted from the long-sought river. The scenery in that locality is beautiful, and on that delightful seventeenth of June must have been clad in all its primeval loveliness as it had been adorned by the hand of THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 23 Nature. Drifting rapidly, it is said that the bold bluffs on either hand " reminded them of the castled shores of their own beautiful rivers of France." By-and-by, as they drifted along, great herds of buffalo appeared on the banks. On going to the heads of the valley they could see a country of the greatest beauty and fertility, apparently destitute of inhab itants yet presenting the appearance of extensive manors, under the fas tidious cultivation of lordly proprietors. =.^iRs.=^™fc=fe*.i^™^...^^^ ^, ^-^?5VM '-V THE WILD PEAIEIB. On June 25, they went ashore and found some fresh traces of men upon the sand, and a path which led to the prairie. The men remained in the boat, and Marquette and Joliet followed the path till they discovered a village on the banks of a river, and two other villages on a hill, within a half league of the first, inhabited by Indians. They were received most hospitably by these natives, who had never before seen a white person. After remaining a few days they re-embarked and descended the river to about latitude 33°, where they found a village of the Arkansas, and being satisfied that the river flowed into the Gulf of Mexico, turned their course 24 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY.' up the river, and ascending the stream to the mouth of the Illinois, rowed up that stream to its source, and procured guides from that point to the lakes. " Nowhere on this journey," says Marquette, " did we see such grounds, meadows, woods, stags, buffaloes, deer, wildcats, bustards, swans, ducks, parroquets, and even beavers, as on the Illinois River." The party, without loss or injury, reached Green Bay in September, and reported their discovery — one of the most important of the age, but of which no record was preserved save Marquette's, Joliet losing his by the upsetting of his canoe on his way to Quebec. Afterward Marquette returned to the Illinois Indians by their request, and ministered to them until 1675. On the 18th of May, in that year, as he was passing the mouth of a stream — going with his boatmen up Lake Michigan — he asked to land at its mouth and celebrate Mass. Leaving his men with the canoe, he retired a short distance and began his devotions. As much time passed and he did not return, his men went in search of him, and -found him upon his knees, dead. He had peacefully passed away while at prayer. He was buried at this spot. Charlevoix, who visited the place fifty years after, found the waters had retreated from the grave, leaving the beloved missionary to repose in peace. The river has since been called Marquette. While Marquette and his companions were pursuing their labors in the West, two men, differing widely from him and each other, were pre paring to follow in his footsteps and perfect the discoveries so well begun by him. These were Robert de La Salle and Louis Hennepin. After La Salle's return from the discovery of the Ohio River (see the narrative elsewhere), he established himself again among the French trading posts in Canada. Here he mused long upon the pet project of those ages — a short way to China and the East, and was busily planning an expedition up the great lakes, and so across the continent to the Pacific, when Marquette returned from the Mississippi. At once the vigorous mind of LaSalle received from his and his companions' stories the idea that by fol lowing the Great River northward, or by turning up some of the numerous western tributaries, the object could easily be gained. He applied to Frontenac, Governor General of Canada, and laid before him the plan, dim but gigantic. Frontenac entered warmly into his plans, and saw that LaSalle's idea to connect the great lakes by a chain of forts with the Gulf of Mexico would bind the country so wonderfully together, give un measured power to France, and glory to himself, under whose adminis tration he earnestly hoped all would be realized. LaSalle now repaired to France, laid his plans before the King, who warmly approved of them, and made him a Chevalier. He also received from all the noblemen the warmest wishes for his success. The Chev- THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 25 alier returned to Canada, and busily entered upon his work. He at once rebuilt Fort Frontenac and constructed the first ship to sail on these fresh-water seas. On the 7th of August, 1679, having been joined by Hennepin, he began his voyage in the GrifBn up Lake Erie. He passed over this lake, through the straits beyond, up Lake St. Clair and into Huron. In this lake they encountered heavy storms. They were some time at Michillimackinac, where LaSalle founded a fort, and passed on to Green Bay, the " Bale des Puans" of the French, where he found a large quantity of furs collected for him. He loaded the Griffin with these, and placing her under the care of a pilot and fourteen sailors. LA SALLE LANDING ON THB SHORE OF GEEBN BAT. started her on her return voyage. The vessel was never afterward heard of. He remained about these parts until early in the Winter, when, hear ing nothing from the Griffin, he collected all his men — thirty working men and three monks — and started again upon his great undertaking. By a short portage they passed to the Illinois or Kankakee, called by the Indians, " Theakeke," wolf, because of the tribes of Indians called by that name, commonly known as the Mahingans, dwelling there. The French pronounced it Kiakihi, which became corrupted to Kankakee. "Falling down the said river by easy journeys, the better to observe the country," about the last of December they reached a village of the Illinois Indians, containing some five hundred cabins, but at that moment 26 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. no inhabitants. The Seur de LaSalle being in want of some breadstuffs, took advantage of the absence of the Indians to help himself to a suffi ciency of maize, large -quantities of which he found concealed in holes under the wigwams. This village was situated near the present village of Utica in LaSalle County, Illinois. The corn being securely stored, the voyagers again betook themselves to the stream, and toward evening, on the 4th day of January, 1680, they came into a lake which must have been the lake of Peoria. This was called by the Indians Pim-i-te-wi, that is, a place where there are many fat beasts. Here the natives were met with in large numbers, but they were gentle and kind, and having spent some time with them, LaSalle determined to erect another fort in that place, for he had heard rumors that some of the adjoining tribes were trying to disturb the good feeling which existed, and some of his men were disposed to complain, owing to the hardships and perils of the travel. He called this fort " Crevecoeur^'' (broken-heart), a name expressive of the very natural sorrow and anxiety which the pretty certain loss of his ship. Griffin, and his consequent impoverishment, the danger of hostility on the part of the Indians, and of mutiny among his own men, might well cause him. His fears were not entirely groundless. At one time poison was placed in his food, but fortunately was discovered. While building this fort, the Winter wore away, the prairies began to look green, and LaSalle, despairing of any reinforcements, concluded to return to Canada, raise new means and new men, and embark anew in the enterprise. For this purpose he made Hennepin the leader of a party to explore the head waters of the Mississippi, aud he set out on his jour ney. This journey was accomplished with the aid of a few persons, and was successfully made, though over an almost unknown route, and in a bad season of the year. He safely reach'jd Canada, and set out again for the object of his search. Hennepin and his party left Fort Crevecoeur on the last of February, 1680. When LaSalle reached this place on his return expedition, he found the fort entirely deserted, and he was obliged to return again to Canada. He embarked the third time, and succeeded. Seven days after leaving the fort, Hennepin reached the Mississippi, and paddling up the icy stream as best he could, reached no higher than the Wisconsin River by the 11th of April. Here he and his followers were taken prisoners by a band of Northern Indians, who treated them with great kindness. Hen nepin's comrades were Anthony Auguel and Michael Ako. On this voy age they found several beautiful lakes, and " saw some charming prairies." Their captors were the Isaute or Sauteurs, Chippewas, a tribe of the Sioux nation, who took them up the river until about the first of May, when they reached some falls, which Hennepin christened Falls of St. Anthony THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 27 in honor of his patron saint. Here they took the land, and traveling nearly two hundred miles to the northwest, brought them to their villages. Here they were kept about three months, were treated kindly by their captors, and at the end of that time, were met by a band of Frenchmen, BUFFALO HUNT. headed by one Seur de Luth, who, in pursuit of trade and game, had pene trated thus far by the route of Lake Superior ; and with these fellow- countrymen Hennepin and his companions were allowed to return to the borders of civilized life in November, 1680, just after LaSalle had returned to the wilderness on his second trip. Hennepin soon after went to France, where he published an account of his adventures. 28 THE NORTHrWBST TERRITORY. The Mississippi was first discovered by De Soto in April, 1541, in his vain endeavor to find gold and precious gems. In the following Spring, De Soto, weary with hope long deferred, and worn out with his wander ings, he fell a victim to disease, and on the 21st of May died. His followers, reduced by fatigue and disease to less than three hundred men, wandered about the country nearly a year, in the vain endeavor to rescue them selves by land, and finally constructed seven small vessels, called brigan- tines, in which they embarked, and descending the river, supposing it would lead them to the sea, in July they came to the sea (Gulf of Mexico), and by September reached the Island of Cuba. They were the first to see the great outlet of the Mississippi ; but, being so weary and discouraged, made no attempt to claim the country, and hardly had an intelligent idea of what they had passed through. To La Salle, the intrepid explorer, belongs the honor of giving the first account of the mouths of the river. His great desire was to possess this entire country for his king, and in January, 1682, he and his band of explorers left the shores of Lake Michigan on their third attempt, crossed the portage, passed down the Illinois River, and on the 6th of February, reached the banks of the Mississippi. On the 13th they commenced their downward course, which they pursued with but one interruption, until upon the 6th of March they dis covered the three great passages by which the river discharges its waters into the gulf. La Salle thus narrates the event : " We landed on the bank of the most western channel, about three leagues (nine miles) from its mouth. On the seventh, M. de LaSalle went to reconnoiter the shores of the neighboring sea, and M. de Tonti meanwhile examined the great middle channel. They found the main outlets beautiful, large and deep. On the 8th we reascended the river, a little above its confluence with the sea, to find a dry place beyond the vei^h of inundations. The elevation of the North Pole was here about twenty-seven degrees. Here we prepared a column and a cross, and to the column were affixed the arms of France with this inscription : Louis Le Grand, Roi De France et de Navarre, regne ; Le neuvierae Avril, 1682. The whole party, under arms, chanted the Te Deum, and then, after a salute and cries of " Vive le Roi," the column was erected by M. de LaSalle, who, standing near it, proclaimed in a loud voice the authority of the King of France. LaSalle returned and laid the foundations of the Mis sissippi settlements in Illinois, thence he proceeded to France, where another expedition was fitted out, of which he was commander, and in two succeeding voyages failed to find the outlet of the river by sailing along the shore of the gulf. On his third voyage he was killed, through the THB NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 29 treachery of his followers, and the object of his expeditions was not accomplished until 1699, when D'Iberville, under the authority of the crown, discovered, on the second of March, by way of the sea, the mouth ofthe "Hidden River." This majestic stream was called by the natives '' Malbouchia," and by the Spaniards, " Za Palissade,'" from the great / i^' /¦ J S V ^ -J; ¦'• i '.v'-.^'V '-t% ¦' ¦ TEAPPING. number of trees about its mouth. After traversing the several outlets, and satisfying himself as to its certainty, he erected a fort near its western outlet, and returned to France. An avenue of trade was now opened out which was fully improved. In 1718, New Orleans was laid out and settled by some European colon ists. In 1762, the colony was made over to Spain, to be regained by France under the consulate of Napoleon. In 1803, it was purchased by 30 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. the United States for the sum of fifteen million dollars, and the territory, of Louisiana and commerce of the Mississippi River came under the charge of the United States. Although LaSalle's labors ended in defeat and death, he had not worked and suffered in vain. He had thrown open to France and the world an immense and most valuable country ; had established several ports, and laid the foundations of more than one settlement there. " Peoria, Kaskaskia and Cahokia, are to this day monu ments of LaSalle's labors ; for, though he had founded neither of them (unless Peoria, which was built nearly upon the site of Fort Crevecoeur,) it was by those whom he led into the West that these places were peopled and civilized. He was, if not the discoverer, the first settler of the Mississippi Valley, and as such deserves to be known and honored." The French early improved the opening made for them. Before the year 1698, the Rev. Father Gravier began a mission among the Illinois, and founded Kaskaskia. For some time this was merely a missionary station, where none but natives resided, it being one of three such vil lages, the other two being Cahokia and Peoria. What is known of these missions is learned from a letter written by Father Gabriel Marest, dated " Aux Cascaskias, autrement dit de ITmmaculate Conception de la Sainte Vierge, le 9 Novembre, 1712." Soon after the founding of Kaskaskia, the missionary, Pinet, gathered a flock at Cahokia, while Peoria arose near the ruins of Fort Crevecoeur. This must have been about the year 1700. The post at Vincennes on the Oubache river, (pronounced Wa-ba, meaning .summer cloud moving swiftly') was estab lished in 1702, according to the best authorities.* It is altogether prob able that on LaSalle's last trip he established the stations at Kaskaskia and Cahokia. In July, 1701, the foundations of Fort Ponchartrain were laid by De la Motte Cadillac on the Detroit River. These sta tions, with those established further north, were the earliest attempts to occupy the Northwest Territory. At the same time efforts were being made to occupy the Southwest, which finally culminated in the settle ment and founding of the City of New Orleans by a colony from England in 1718. This was mainly accomplished through the efforts of the famous Mississippi Company, established by the notorious John Law, who so quickly arose into prominence in France, and who with his scheme so quickly and so ignominiously passed away. From the time of the founding of these stations for fifty years the French nation were engrossed with the settlement of the lower Missis sippi, and the war with the Chieasaws, who had, in revenge for repeated • There Is considerable dispute about this date, some asserting it wiis founded as late as 1742. When the new court house at Vincennes was erected, all authorities ou the subject were carefully examined, and 1702 fixed upon as the correct date. It was accordingly engraveil on the corner-stone ot the court house. ' THB NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 31 injuries, cut off the entire colony at Natchez. Although the company did little for Louisiana, as the entire West was then called, yet it opened the trade through the Mississippi River, and started the raising of grains indigenous to that climate. Until the year 1750, but little is known of the settlements in the Northwest, as it was not until this time that the attention of the English was called to the occupation of this portion of the New World, which they then supposed they owned. Vivier, a missionary among the Illinois, writing from " Aux Illinois," six leagues from Fort Chartres, June 8, 1750, says: "We have here whites, negroes and Indians, to say nothing of cross-breeds. There are five French villages, and three villages of the natives, within a space of twenty-one leagues situated between the Mississippi and another river called the Karkadaid (Kaskaskias). In the five French villages are, perhaps, eleven hundred whites, three hundred blacks and some sixty red slaves or savages. The three Illinois towns do not contain more than eight hundred souls all told. Most of the French till the soil; they raise wheat, cattle, pigs and horses, and live like princes. Three times as much is produced as can be consumed ; and great quantities of grain and flour are sent to New Orleans." This city was now the seaport town of the Northwest, and save in the extreme northern part, where only furs and copper ore were found, almost all the pmducts of the country found their way to France by the mouth of the Father of Waters. In another letter, dated Novem ber 7, 1750, this same priest says : " For fifteen leagues above the mouth ofthe Mississippi one sees no dwellings, the ground being too low to be habitable. Thence to New Orleans, the lands are only partially occupied. New Orleans contains black, white and red, not more, I think, than twelve hundred persons. To this point come all lumber, bricks, salt-beef, tallow, tar, skins and bear's grease ; and above all, pork and flour from the Illinois. These things create some commerce, as forty vessels and more have come hither this year. Above New Orleans, plantations are again met with ; the most considerable is a colony of Germans, some ten leagues up the river. At Point Coupee, thirty-five leagues above the German settlement, is a fort. Along here, within five or six leagues, are not less than sixty habitations. Fifty leagues farther up is the Natchez post, where we have a garrison, who are kept prisoners through fear of the Chickasaws. Here and at Point Coupee, they raise excellent tobacco. Another hundred leagues brings us to the Arkansas, where we have also a fort and a garrison for the benefit of the river traders. * * * From the Arkansas to the Illinois, nearly five hundred leagues, there is not a settlement. There should be, however, a fort at the Oubache (Ohio), the only path by which the English can reach the Mississippi. In the Illinois country are numberless mines, but no one to 32 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. work them as they deserve." Father Marest, writing from the post at Vincennes in 1812, makes the same observation. Vivier also says : " Some individuals dig lead near the surface and supply the, Indians and Canada. Two Spaniards now here, who claim to be adepts, say that our mines are like those of Mexico, and that if we would dig deeper, we should find silver under the lead ; and at any rate the lead is excellent. There is also in this country, beyond doubt, copper ore, as from time to time large pieces are found in the streams." ^/CJiCK& HUNTING- At the close of the year 1750, the French occupied, in addition to the lower Mississippi posts and those in Illinois, one at Du Quesne, one at the Maumee in the country of the Miamis, and one at Sandusk}' in what may be termed the Ohio Valley. In the northern part of the Northwest they had stations at St. Joseph's on the St. Joseph's of Lake Michigan, at Fort Ponchartrain (Detroit), at Michillimackanac or Massillimacanac, Fox River of Green Bay, and at Sault Ste. Marie. The fondest dreams of LaSalle were now fully realized. The French alone were possessors of this vast realm, basing their claim on discovery and settlement. Another nation, however, was now turning its attention to this extensive country, THB NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 33 and hearj-ng of its wealth, began to lay plans for occupying it and for securing the great profits arising therefrom. The French, however, had another claim to this country, namely, the DISCOVERY OF THE OHIO. This " Beautiful " river was discovered by Robert Cavalier de La Salle in 1669, four years before the discovery of the Mississippi by Joliet and Marquette. While LaSalle was at his trading post on the St. Lawrence, he found leisure to study nine Indian dialects, the chief of which was the Iroquois. He not only desired to facilitate his intercourse in trade, but he longed to travel and explore the unknown regions of the West. An incident soon occurred which decided him to fit out an exploring expedition. While conversing with some Senecas, he learned of a river called the Ohio, which rose in their country and flowed to the sea, but at such a distance that it required eight months to reach its mouth. In this state ment the Mississippi and its tributaries were considered as one stream. LaSalle believing, as most of the French at that period did, that the great rivers flowing west emptied into the Sea of California, was anxious to embark in the enterprise of discovering a route across the continent to the commerce of China and Japan. He repaired at once to Quebec to obtain the approval of the Gov ernor. His eloquent appeal prevailed. The Governor and the Intendant, Talon, issued letters patent authorizing the enterprise, but made no pro vision to defray the expenses. At this juncture the seminary of St. Sul pice decided to send out missionaries in connection with the expedition, and LaSalle offering to sell his improvements at LaChine to raise money, the offer was accepted by the Superior, and two thousand eight hundred dollars were raised, with which LaSalle purchased four canoes and the necessary supplies for the outfit. On the 6th of July, 1669, the party, numbering twenty-four persons, embarked in seven canoes on the St. Lawrence ; two additional canoes carried the Indian guides. In three days they were gliding over the bosom of Lake Ontario. Their guides conducted them directly to the Seneca village on the bank of the Genesee, in the vicinity of the present City of Rochester, New York. Here they expected to procure guides to conduct them to the Ohio, but in this they were disappointed. The Indians seemed unfriendly to the enterprise. LaSalle suspected that the Jesuits had prejudiced their minds against his plans. After waiting a month in the hope of gaining their object, they met an Indian 34 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. from the Iroquois colony at the head of Lake Ontario, who assured them that they could there find guides, and offered to conduct them thence. On their way they passed the mouth of the Niagara River, when they heard for the first time the distant thunder of the cataract. Arriving IKOyUOlS CHIBJC. among the Iroquois, they met with a friendly reception, and learned from a Shawanee prisoner that they could reach the Ohio in six weeks. Delighted with the unexpected good fortune, they made ready to resume their journey ; but just as they were about to start thej^ heard of the arrival of two Frenchmen in a neighboring village. One of them proved to be Louis Joliet, afterwards famous as an explorer in the West. He THB NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 35 had been sent by the Canadian Government to explore the copper mines on Lake Superior, but had failed, and was on his way back to Quebec. He gave the missionaries a map of the country he had explored in the lake region, together with an account of the condition of the Indians in that quarter. This induced the priests to determine on leaving the expedition and going to Lake Superior. LaSalle warned them that the Jesuits were probably occupying that field, and that they would meet with a cold reception. Nevertheless they persisted in their purpose, and after worship on the lake shore, parted from LaSalle. On arriving at Lake Superior, they found, as LaSalle had predicted, the Jesuit Fathers, Marquette and Dablon, occupying the field. These zealous disciples of Loyola informed them that they wanted no assistance from St. Sulpice, nor from those who made him their patron saint ; and thus repulsed, they returned to Montreal the following June without having made a single discovery or converted a single Indian. After parting with the priests, LaSalle went to the chief Iroquois village at Onondaga, where he obtained guides, and passing thence to a tributary of the Ohio south of Lake Erie, he descended the latter as far as the falls at Louisville. Thus was the Ohio discovered by LaSalle, the persevering and successful French explorer of the West, in 1669. ' The account of the latter part of his journey is found in an anony mous paper, which purports to have been taken from the lips of LaSalle himself during a subsequent visit to Paris. In a letter written to Count Frontenac in 1667, shortly after the discovery, he himself says that he discovered the Ohio and descended it to the falls. This was regarded as an indisputable fact by the French authorities, who claimed the Ohio Valley upon another ground. When Washington was sent by the colony of Virginia in 1753, to demand of Gordeur de St. Pierre why the French had built a fort on the Monongahela, the haughty commandant at Quebec replied : " We claim the country on the Ohio by virtue of the discoveries of LaSalle, and will not give it up to the English. Our orders are' to make prisoners of every Englishman found trading in the Ohio Valley." ENGLISH EXPLORATIONS AND SETTLEMENTS. When the new year of 1750 broke in upon the Father of Waters and the Great Northwest, all was still wild save at the French posts already described. In 1749, when the English first began to think seri ously about sending men into the West, the greater portion of the States of Indiana, Ohio, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, and Minnesota were yet under the dominion of the red men. The English knew, however, pretty 36 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. conclusively of the nature of the wealth of these wilds. As early as 1710, Governor Spotswood, of Virginia, had commenced movements to secure the country west of the AUeghenies to the English crown. In Pennsylvania, Governor Keith and James Logan, secretary of the prov ince, from 1719 to 1731, represented to the powers of England the neces sity of securing the Western lands. Nothing was done, however, by that power save to take some diplomatic steps to secure the claims of Britain to this unexplored wilderness. England had from the outset claimed from the Atlantic to the Pacific, on the ground that the discovery of the seacoast and its possession was a discovery and possession of the country, and, as is well known, her grants to the colonies extended " from sea to sea." This was not all her claim. She had purchased from the Indian tribes large trg,cts of land. This lat ter was also a strong argument. As early as 1684, Lord H oward, Gov ernor of Virginia, held a treaty with the six nations. These were the. great Northern Confederacy, aud comprised at first the Mohawks, Onei- das, Onondagas, Cayugas, and Senecas. Afterward the Tuscaroras were taken into the confederacy, and it became known as the Six Nations. They came under the protection of the mother country, and again in ,1701, they repeated the agreement, and in September, 1726, a formal deed was drawn up and signed by the chiefs. The validity of this claim has often been disputed, but never successfully. In 1744, a purchase was made at Lancaster, Pennsylvania, of certain lands within the " Colony of Virginia," for which the Indians received ,£200 in gold and a like sum in goods, with a promise that, as settlements increased, more should be paid. The Commissioners from Virginia were Colonel Thomas Lee and Colonel William Beverly. As settlements extended, the promise of more pay was called to mind, and Mr. Conrad Weiser was sent across the mountains with presents to appease the savages. Col. Lee, and some Virginians accompa nied him with the intention of sounding the Indians upon their feelings regarding the English. They were not satisfied with their treatment, and plainly told the Commissioners why. The English did not desire the cultivation of the country, but the monopoly of the Indian trade. In 1748, the Ohio Company was formed, and petitioned the king for a grant of land beyond the AUeghenies. This was granted, and the government of Virginia was ordered to grant to them a half million acres, two hun dred thousand of which were to be located at once. Upon the 12th of June, 1749, 800,000 acres from the line of Canada north and west was made to the Loyal Company, and on the 29th of October, 1751, 100,000 acres were given to the Greenbriar Company. All this time the French were not idle. They saw that, should the British gain a foothold in the West, especially upon the Ohio, they might not only prevent the French THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 37 settling upon it, but in time would come to the lower posts and so gain possession , of the whole country. Upon the 10th of May, 1774, Vaud- reuil. Governor of Canada and the French possessions, well knowing the consequences that must arise from allowing the English to build tradino- posts in the Northwest, seized some of their frontier posts, and to further secure the claim of the French to the West, he, in 1749, sent Louis Cel eron with a party of soldiers to plant along the Ohio River, in the mounds and at the mouths of its principal tributaries, plates of lead, on which were inscribed the claims of France. These were heard of in 1752, and within the memory of residents now living along the " Oyo," as the beautiful river was called by the French. One of these plates was found with the inscription partly defaced. It bears date August 16, 1749, and a copy of the inscription with particular account of the discovery of the plate, was sent by DeWitt Clinton to the American Antiquarian Society, among whose journals it may now be found.* These measures did not, however, deter the English from going on with their explorations, and though neither party resorted to arms, yet the conflict was gathering, and it was only a question of time when the storm would burst upon the frontier settlements. In 1750, Christopher Gist was sent by the Ohio Company to examine its lands. He went to a village of the Twigtwees, on the Miami, about one hundred and fifty miles above its mouth. He afterward spoke of it as very populous. From there he went down the Ohio River nearly to the falls at the present City of Louisville, and in November he commenced a survey of the Company's lands. Dur ing the Winter, General Andrew Lewis performed a similar work for the Greenbriar Company. Meanwhile the French were hnsy in preparing their forts for defense, and in opening roads, and also sent a small party of soldiers to keep the Ohio clear. This party, having- heard of the Eng lish post on the Miami River, early in 1652, assisted by the Ottawas and Chippewas, attacked it, and, after a severe battle, in which fourteen of the natives were killed and others wounded, captured the garrison. (They were probably garrisoned in a block house). The traders were carried away to Canada, and one account says several were burned. This fort or post was called by the English Pickawillany. A memorial of the king's ministers refers to it as " Pickawillanes, in the center of the terri tory between the Ohio and the Wabash. The name is probably some variation of Pickaway or Picqua in 1773, written by Rev. David Jones Pickaweke." * The following is a translation of the Inscription on the plate: "In the year 1749. reign of Louis XV.', King of France, we, Celeron, commandant of a detachment by Monsieur the Marquis of GalUsoniere, com mander-in-chief of New France, to establish tranquility in certain Indian villages of these cantons, have buried this plate at the conflnence of the Toradalcoin, this twenty- ninth of July, near the river Ohio, otherwise Beautiful River, as a monument of renewal of possession which we have talteu of the said river, and all its tributaries; Inasmuch as the preceding Kings of France have enjoyed it, and maintained it by their »riBS and treaties; especially by those of ByswicK, Utrecht, and Aix La Chapelle." 38 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY, This was the first blood shed between the French and English, and occurred near the present City of Piqua, Ohio, or at least at a point about forty-seven miles north of Dayton. Each nation became now more inter ested in the progress of events in the Northwest. The English deter mined to purchase from the Indians a title to the lands they wished to occupy, and Messrs. Fry (afterward Commander-in-chief over Washing ton at the commencement of the French War of 1775-1763), Lomax and Patton were sent in the Spring of 1752 to hold a conference with the natives at Logstown to learn what they objected to in the treaty of Lan caster already noticed, and to settle all difficulties. On the 9th of June, these Commissioners met the red men at Logstown, a little village on the north bank of the Ohio, about seventeen miles below the site of Pitts burgh. Here had been a trading point for many years, but it was aban doned by the Indians in 1760. At first the Indians declined to recognize the treaty of Lancaster, but, the Commissioners taking aside Montour, the interpreter, who was a son of the famous Catharine Montour, and a chief among the six nations, induced him to use his influence in their favor. This he did, and upon the 13th of June they all united in signing a deed, confirming the Lancaster treaty in its full extent, consenting to a settlement of the southeast of the Ohio, and guaranteeing that it should not be disturbed by them. These were the means used to obtain the first treaty with the Indians in the Ohio Valley. Meanwhile the powers beyond the sea were trying to out-manoeuvre each other, and were professing to be at peace. The English generally outwitted the Indians, and failed in many instances to fulfill their con tracts. They thereby gained the ill-will of the red men, and further increased the feeling by failing to provide them with arms and ammuni tion. Said an old chief, at Easton, in 1758 : " The Indians on the Ohio left you because of your own fault. When we heard the French were coming, we asked you for help and arms, but we did not get them. The French came, they treated us kindly, and gained our affections. The Governor of Virginia settled on our lands for his own benefit, and, when we wanted help, forsook us." At the beginning of 1653, the Enghsh thought they had secured by title the lands in the West, but the French had quietly gathered cannon and military stores to be in readiness for the expected blow. The Eng lish made other attempts to ratify these existing treaties, but not until the Summer could the Indians be gathered together to discuss the plans of the French. They had sent messages to the French, warning them away ; but they replied that they intended to com-plete the chain of forts already begun, and would not abandon the field. Soon after this, no satisfaction being obtained from the Ohio regard- THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 39 ing the positions and purposes of the French, Governor Dinwiddle of Virginia determined to send to them another messenger and learn from them, if possible, their intentions. For this purpose he selected a young man, a surveyor, who, at the early age of nineteen, had received the rank of major, and who was thoroughly posted regarding frontier life. This personage was no other than the illustrious George Washington, who then held considerable interest in Western lands. He was at this time just twenty-two years of age. Taking Gist as his guide, the two, accompanied by four servitors, set out on their perilous march. They left Will's Creek on the 10th of November, 1753, and on the 22d reached the Monon gahela, about ten miles above the fork. From there they went to Logstown, where Washington had a long conference with the chiefs of the Six Nations. From them he learned the condition of the French, and also heard of their determination not to come down the river till the fol lowing Spring. The Indians were non-committal, as they were afraid to turn either way, and, as far as they could, desired to remain neutral. Washington, finding nothing could be done with them, went on to Venango, an old Indian town at the mouth of French Creek. Here the French had a fort, called Fort Machault. Through the rum- and flattery of the French, he nearly lost all his Indian followers. Finding nothing of importance here, he pursued his way amid great privations, and on the 11th of December reached the fort at the head of French Creek. Here he delivered Governor Dinwiddle's letter, received his answer, took his observations, and on the 16th set out upon Jiis return journey with no one but Gist, his guide, and a few Indians who still remained true to him, notwithstanding the endeavors of the French to retain them. Their homeward journey was one of great peril and suffering from the cold, yet they reached home in safety on the 6th of January, 1754. From the letter of St. Pierre, commander of the French fort, sent by Washington to Governor Dinwiddle, it was learned that the French would not give up without a struggle. Active preparations were at once made in all the English colonies for the coming conflict, while the French finished the fort at Venango and strengthened their lines of fortifications, and gathered their forces to be in readiness. The Old Dominion was all alive. Virginia was the center of great activities ; volunteers were called for, and from all the neighboring colonies men rallied to the' conflict, and everywhere along the Potomac men were enlisting under the Governor's proclamation — which promised two hundred thousand acres on the Ohio. Along this river they were gathering as far as Will's Creek, and far beyond this point, whither Trent had come for assistance for his little band of forty-one men, who were 40 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. working away in hunger and want, to fortify that point at the fork of the Ohio, to which both parties were looking with deep interest. " The first birds of Spring filled the air with their song ; the swift river rolled by the Allegheny hillsides, swollen by the melting snows of Spring and the April showers. The leaves were appearing ; a few Indian scouts were seen, but no enemy seemed near at hand ; and all was so quiet, that Frazier, an old Indian scout and trader, who had been left by Trent in command, ventured to his home at the mouth of Turtle Creek, ten miles up the Monongahela. But, though all was so quiet in that wilder ness, keen eyes had seen the low intrenchment rising at the fork, and swift feet had borne the news of it up the river ; and upon the morning of the 17th of April, Ensign Ward, who then had charge of it, saw upon the Allegheny a sight that made his heart sink — sixty batteaux and three hundred canoes filled with men, and laden deep with cannon and stores. * * * That evening he supped with his captor, ContrecoBur, and the next day he was bowed off by the Frenchman, and with his men and tools, marched up the Monongahela." The French and Indian war had begun. The treaty of Aix la Chapelle, in 1748, had left the boundaries between the French and English possessions unsettled, and the events already narrated show the French were determined to hold the country watered by the Mississippi and its tributaries ; while the English laid claims to the country by virtue of the discoveries of the Cabots, and claimed all the country from New foundland to Florida, extending from the Atlantic to the Pacific. The first decisive blow had now been struck, and the first attempt of the English, through the Ohio Company, to occupy these lands, had resulted disastrously to them. The French and Indians immediately completed the fortifications begun at the Fork, which they had so easily captured, and when completed gave to the fort the name of DuQuesne. Washing ton was at Will's Creek when the news of the capture ofthe fort arrived. He at once departed to recapture it. On his way he entrenched him self at a place called the " Meadows," where he erected a fort called by him Fort Necessity. From there he surprised and captured a force of French and Indians marching against him, but was soon after attacked in his fort by a much superior force, and was obliged to yield on the morning of July 4th. He was allowed to return to Virginia. The English Government immediately planned four campaigns ; one against Fort DuQuesne; one against Nova Scotia; one against Fort Niagara, and one against Crown Point. These occurred during 1755~6, and were not successful in driving the French from their possessions. The expedition against Fort DuQuesne was led by the famous General Braddock, who, refusing to listen to the advice of Washington and those THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 41 acquainted with Indian warfare, suffered such an inglorious defeat. This occurred on the morning of July 9th, and is generally known as the battle of Monongahela, or " Braddock's Defeat." The war continued with various vicissitudes through the years 1756-7 ; when, at the commence ment of 1758, in accordance with the plans of William Pitt, then Secre tary of State, afterwards Lord Chatham, active preparations were made to carry on the war. Three expeditions were planned for this year : one, under General Amherst, against Louisburg ; another, under Abercrombie, against Fort Ticonderoga ; and a third, under General Forbes, against Fort DuQuesne. On the 26th of July, Louisburg surrendered after a desperate resistance of more than forty days, and the eastern part of the Canadian possessions fell into the hands of the British. Abercrombie captured Fort Frontenac, and when the expedition against Fort DuQuesne, of which Washington had the active command, arrived there, it was found in flames and deserted. The English at once took possession, rebuilt the fort, and in honor of their illustrious statesman, changed the name to Fort Pitt. The great object of the campaign of 1759, was the reduction of Canada. General Wolfe was to lay siege to Quebec ; Amherst was to reduce Ticonderoga and Crown Point, and General Prideaux was to capture Niagara. This latter place was taken in July, but the gallant Prideaux lost his life in the ' attempt. Amherst captured Ticonderoga and Crown Point without a blow ; and Wolfe, after making the memor able ascent to the Plains of Abraham, on September 13th, defeated Montcalm, and on the 18th, the city capitulated. In this engagement Montcolm and Wolfe both lost their lives. De Levi, Montcalm's successor, marched to Sillery, three miles above the city, with the purpose of defeating the English, and there, on the 28th of the following April, was fought one of the bloodiest battles of the French and Indian War. It resulted in the defeat of the French, and the fall of the City of Montreal. The Governor signed a capitulation by which the whole of Canada was surrendered to the English. This practically concluded the war, but it was not until 1763 that the treaties of peace between France and England were signed. This was done on the 10th of February of that year, and under its provisions all the country east of the Mississippi and north of the Iberville River, in Louisiana, were ceded to England. At the same time Spain ceded Florida to Great Britain. On the 13th of September, 1760, Major Robert Rogers was sent from Montreal to take charge of Detroit, the only remaining French post in the territory. He arrived there on the 19th of November, and sum moned the place to surrender. At first the commander of the post, BeletrC; refused, but on the 29th, hearing of the continued defeat of the 42 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. French arms, surrendered. Rogers remained there until December 23d under the personal protection of the celebrated chief, Pontiac, to whom, no doubt, he owed his safety. Pontiac had come here to inquire the purposes of the English in taking possession of the country. He was assured that they came simply to trade with the natives, and did not desire their country. This answer conciliated the savages, and did much to insure the safety of Rogers and his party during their stay, and while on their journey home. Rogers set out for Fort Pitt on December 23, and was just one month on the way. His route was from Detroit to Maumee, thence across the present State of Ohio directly to the fort. This was the com mon trail of the Indians in their journeys from Sandusky to the fork of the Ohio. It went from Fort Sandusky, where Sandusky City now is, crossed the Huron river, then called Bald Eagle Creek, to " Mohickon John's Town" on Mohickon Creek, the northern branch of White Woman's River, and thence crossed to Beaver's Town, a Delaware town on what is now Sandy Creek. At Beaver's Town were probably one hundred and fifty warriors, and not less than three thousand acres of cleared land. From there the track went up Sandy Creek to and across Big Beaver, and up the Ohio to Logstown, thence on to the fork. The Northwest Territory was now entirely under the English rule. New settlements began to be rapidly made, and the promise of a large trade was speedily manifested. Had the British carried out their promises with the natives none of those savage butcheries would have been perpe trated, and the country would have been spared their recital. The renowned chief, Pontiac, was one of the leading spirits in these atrocities. We will now pause in our narrative, and notice the leading events in his life. The earliest authentic information regarding this noted Indian chief is learned from an account of an Indian trader named Alexander Henry, who, in the Spring of 1761, penetrated his domains as far as Missillimacnac. Pontiac was then a great friend of the French, but a bitter foe of the English, whom he considered as encroaching on his hunting grounds. Henry was obliged to disguise himself as a Canadian to insure safety, but was discovered by Pontiac, who bitterly reproached him and the English for their attempted subjugation of the West. He declared that no treaty had been made with them; no presents sent them, and that he would resent any possession of the West by that nation. He was at the time about fifty years of age, tall and dignified, and was civil and military ruler of the Ottawas, Ojibwas and Pottawatamies. The Indians, from Lake Michigan to the borders of North Carolina, were united in this feeling, and at the time of the treaty of Paris, ratified February 10, 1763, a general conspiracy was formed to fall suddenly THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 13 PONTIAC, THE OTTAWA CHIEFTAIN.. •44 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. upon the frontier British posts, and with one blow strike every man dead. Pontiac was the marked leader in all this, and was the commander of the Chippewas, Ottawas, Wyandots, Miamis, Shawanese, Delawares and Mingoes, who had, for the time, laid aside their local quarrels to unite in this enterprise. The blow came, as near as can now be ascertained, on May 7, 176-S. Nine British posts fell, and the Indians drank, " scooped up in the hollow of joined hands," the blood of many a Briton. Pontiac's immediate field of action was the garrison at Detroit. Here, however, the plans were frustrated by an Indian woman disclosing the plot the evening previous to his arrival. Everything was carried out, however, according to Pontiac's plans until the moment of action, when Major Gladwyn, the commander of the post, stepping to one of the Indian chiefs, suddenly drew aside his blanket and disclosed the concealed musket. Pontiac, though a brave man, turned pale and trembled. He saw his plan was known, and that the garrison were prepared. He endeavored to exculpate himself from any such intentions ; but the guilt was evident, and he and his followers were dismissed with a severe reprimand, and warned never to again enter the walls of the post. Pontiac at once laid siege to the fort, and until the treaty of peace between the British and the Western Indians, concluded in August, 1764, continued to harass and besiege the fortress. He organized a regular commissariat department, issued bills of credit written out on bark, which, to his credit, it may be stated, were punctually redeemed. At the conclusion of the treaty, in which it seems he took no part, he went further south, living many years among the Illinois. He had given up all hope of saving his country and race. After a time he endeavored to unite the Illinois tribe and those about St. Louis in a war with the whites. His efforts were fruitless, and only ended in a quarrel between himself and some Kaskaskia Indians, one of whom soon ' afterwards killed him. His death was, however, avenged by the northern Indians, who nearly exterminated the Illinois in the wars which followed. Had it not been for the treachery of a few of his followers, his plan for the extermination of the whites, a masterly one, would undoubtedly have been carried out. It was in the Spring of the year following Rogers' visit that Alex ander Henry went to Missillimacnac, and everywhere found the strongest feelings against the English, who had not carried out their promises, and were doing nothing to conciliate the natives. Here he met the chief, Pontiac, who, after conveying to him in a speech the idea that their French father would awake soon and utterly destroy his enemies, said : " Englishman, although you have conquered the French, you have not THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 46 yet conquered us ! We are not your slaves ! These lakes, these woods, these mountains, were left us by our ancestors. They are our inheritance, and we will part with them to none. Your nation supposes that we, like the white people, can not live without bread and pork and beef. But you ought to know that He, the Great Spirit and Master of Life, has provided food for us upon these broad lakes and in these mountains." He then spoke of the fact that no treaty had been made with them, no presents sent them, and that he and his people were yet for war. Such were the feelings of the Northwestern Indians immediately after the English took possession of their country. These feelings were no doubt encouraged by the Canadians and French, who hoped that yet the French arms might prevail. The treaty of Paris, however, gave to the English the right to this vast domain, and active preparations were going on to occupy it and enjoy its trade and emoluments. In 1762, France, by a secret treaty, ceded Louisiana to Spain, to pre vent it falling into the hands of the English, who were becoming masters of the entire West. The next year the treaty of Paris, signed at Fon- tainbleau, gave to the English the domain of the country in question. Twenty years after, by the treaty of peace between the United States and England, that part of Canada lying south and west of the Great Lakes, comprehending a large territory which is the subject of these sketches, was acknowledged to be a portion of the United States ; and twenty years still later, in 1803, Louisiana was ceded by Spain back to France, and by France sold to the United States. In the half century, from the building of the Fort of Crevecoeur by LaSalle, in 1680, up to the erection of Fort Chartres, many French set tlements had been made in that quarter. These have already been noticed, being those at St. Vincent (Vincennes), Kohokia or Cahokia, Kaskaskia and Prairie du Rocher, on the American Bottom, a large tract of rich alluvial soil in Illinois, on the Mississippi, opposite the site of St. Louis. By the treaty of Paris, the regions east of the Mississippi, including all these and other towns of the Northwest, were given over to England; but they do not appear to have been taken possession of until 1765, when Captain Stirling, in the name of the Majesty of England, established him self at Fort Chartres bearing with him the proclamation of General Gage, dated December 30, 1764, which promised religious freedom to all Cath olics who worshiped here, and a right to leave the country with their effects if they wished, or to remain with the privileges of Englishmen. It was shortly after the occupancy of the West by the British that the war with Pontiac opened. It is already noticed in the sketch of that chieftain. By it many a Briton lost his life, and many a frontier settle- 46 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. ment in its infancy ceased to exist. This was not ended until the year 1764, when, failing to capture Detroit, Niagara and Fort Pitt, his confed eracy became disheartened, and, receiving no aid from the French, Pon tiac abandoned the enterprise and departed to the Illinois, among whom he afterward lost his life. As soon as these difficulties were definitely settled, settlers began rapidly to survey the country and prepare for occupation. During the year 1770, a number of persons from Virginia and other British provinces explored and marked out nearly all the valuable lands on the Mononga hela and along the banks of the Ohio as far as the Little Kanawha. This was followed by another exploring expedition, in which George Washing ton was a party. The latter, accompanied by Dr. Craik, Capt. Crawford and others, on the 20th of October, 1770, descended the Ohio from Pitts burgh to the mouth of the Kanawha ; ascended that stream about fourteen miles, marked out several large tracts of land, shot several buffalo, which were then abundant in the Ohio Valley, and returned to the fort. Pittsburgh was at this time a trading post, about which was clus tered a village of some twenty houses, inhabited by Indian traders. This same year, Capt. Pittman visited Kaskaskia and its neighboring villages. He found there about sixty -five resident families, and at Cahokia only forty-five dwellings. At Fort Chartres was another small settlement, and at Detroit the garrison were quite prosperous and strong. For a year or two settlers continued to locate near some of these posts, generally Fort Pitt or Detroit, owing to the fears of the Indians, who still main tained some feelings of hatred to the English. The trade from the posts was quite good, and from those in Illinois large quantities of pork and flour found their way to the New Orleans market. At this time the policy of the British Government was strongly opposed to the extension of the colonies west. In 1763, the King of England forbade, by royal proclamation, his colonial subjects from making a settlement beyond the sources of the rivers which fall into the Atlantic Ocean. At the instance of the Board of Trade, measures were taken to prevent the settlement without the limits prescribed, and to retain the commerce within easy reach of Great Britain. The commander-in-chief of the king's forces wrote in 1769 : " In the course of a few years necessity will compel the colonists, should they extend their settlements west, to provide manufactures of some kind for themselves, and when all connection upheld by commerce with the mother country ceases, an independency in their government will soon follow." In accordance with this policy. Gov. Gage issued a proclamation in 1772, commanding the inhabitants of Vincennes to abandon their set tlements and join some of the Eastern English colonies. To this they THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 47 strenuously objected, giving good reasons therefor, and were allowed to remain. The strong opposition to this policy of Great Britain led to its change, and to such a course as to gain the attachment of the French population. In December, 1773, influential citizens of Quebec petitioned the king for an extension of the boundary lines of that province, which was granted, and Parliament passed an act on June 2, 1774, extend ing the boundary so as to include the territory lying within the present States of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois and Michigan. In consequence of the liberal policy pursued by the British Govern ment toward the French settlers in the West, they were disposed to favor that nation in the war which soon followed with the colonies ; but the early alliance between France and America soon brought them to the side of the war for independence. In 1774, Gov. Dunmore, of Virginia, began to encourage emigration to the Western lands. He appointed magistrates at Fort Pitt under the pretense that the fort was under the government of that commonwealth. One of these justices, John Connelly, who possessed a tract of land in the Ohio Valley, gathered a force of men and garrisoned the fort, calling it Fort Dunmore. This and other parties were formed to select sites for settlements, and often came in conflict with the Indians, who yet claimed portions of the valley, and several battles followed. These ended in the famous battle of Kanawha in July, where the Indians were defeated and driven across the Ohio. During the years 1775 and 1776, by the operations of land companies and the perseverance of individuals, several settlements were firmly estab lished between the AUeghanies and the Ohio River, and western land speculators were busy in Illinois and on the Wabash. At a council held in Kaskaskia on July 5, 1773, an association of English traders, calling themselves the " Illinois Land Company," obtained from ten chiefs of the Kaskaskia, Cahokia and Peoria tribes two large tracts of land lying on the east side of the Mississippi River south of the Illinois. In 1775, a mer chant from the Illinois Country, named Viviat, came to Post Vincennes as the agent of the association called the " Wabash Land Company." On the 8th of October he obtained from eleven Piankeshaw chiefs, a deed for 37,497,600 acres of land. This deed was signed by the grantors, attested by g, number of the inhabitants of Vincennes, and afterward recorded in the office of a notary public at Kaskaskia. This and other land com panies had extensive schemes for the colonization of the West ; but all were frustrated by the breaking out of the Revolution. On the 20th of April, 1780, the two companies named consolidated under the name of the " United Illinois and Wabash Land Company." They afterward made 48 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. strenuous efforts to have these grants sanctioned by Congress, but all signally failed. When the War of the Revolution commenced, Kentucky was an unor ganized country, though there were several settlements within her borders. In Hutchins' Topography of Virginia, it is stated that at that time " Kaskaskia contained 80 houses, and nearly 1,000 white and black in habitants — the whites being a little the more numerous. Cahokia con tains 50 houses and 300 white inhabitants, and 80 negroes. There were east of the Mississippi River, about the year 1771 " — when these observa tions were made — " 300 white men capable of bearing arms, and 230 negroes." From 1775 until the expedition of Clark, nothing is recorded and nothing known of these settlements, save what is contained in a report made by a committee to Congress in June, 1778. From it the following extract is made : " Near the mouth of the River Kaskaskia, there is a village which appears to have contained nearly eighty families from the beginning of the late revolution. There are twelve families in a small village at la Prairie du Rochers, and near fifty families at the Kahokia Village. There are also four or five families at Fort Chartres and St. Philips, which is five miles further up the river." St. Louis had been settled in February, 1764, and at this time con tained, including its neighboring towns, over six hundred whites and one hundred and fifty negroes. It must be remembered that all the country west of the Mississippi was now under French rule, and remained so until ceded again to Spain, its original owner, who afterwards sold it and the country including New Orleans to the United States. At Detroit there were, according to Capt. Carver, who was in the Northwest from 1766 to 1768, more than one hundred houses, and the river was settled for more than twenty miles, although poorly cultivated — the people being engaged in the Indian trade. This old town has a history, which we will here relate. It is the oldest town in the Northwest, having been founded by Antoine de Lamotte Cadillac, in 1701. It was laid out in the form of an oblong square, of two acres in length, and an acre and a half in width. As described by A. D. Fiazer, who first visited it and became a permanent resident of the place, in 1778, it comprised within its limits that space between Mr. Palmer's store (Conant Block) and Capt. Perkins' house (near the Arsenal building), and extended back as far as the public barn, and was bordered in front by the Detroit River. It was surrounded by oak and cedar pickets, about fifteen feet long, set in the ground, and had four gates — east, west, north and south. Over the first three of these THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 49 gates were block houses provided with four guns apiece, each a six- pounder. Two six-gun batteries were planted fronting the river and in a parallel direction with the block houses. There were four streets running east and west, the main street being twenty feet wide and the rest fifteen feet, while the four streets crossing these at right angles were from ten to fifteen feet in width. At the date spoken of by Mr. Frazer, there was no fort within the enclosure, but a citadel on the ground corresponding to the present northwest corner of Jefferson Avenue and Wayne Street. The citadel was inclosed by pickets, and within it were erected barracks of wood, two stories high, sufficient to contain ten officers, and also barracks sufficient to contain four hundred men, and a provision store built of brick. The citadel also contained a hospital and guard-house. The old town of Detroit, in 1778, contained about sixty houses, most of them one story, with a few a story and a half in height. They were all of logs, some hewn and some round. There was one building of splendid appearance, called the " King's Palace," two stories high, which stood near the east gate. It was built for Governor Hamilton, the first governor commissioned by the British. There were two guard-houses, one near the west gate and the other near the Government House. Each of the guards consisted of twenty-four men and a subaltern, who mounted regularly every morning between nine and ten o'clock. Each furnished four sentinels, who were relieved every two hours. There was also an officer of the day, who per formed strict duty. Each of the gates was shut regularly at sunset ; even wicket gates were shut at nine o'clock, and all the keys were delivered into the hands of the commanding officer. They were opened in the morning at sunrise. No Indian or squaw was permitted to enter town with any weapon, such as a tomahawk or a knife. It was a stand ing order that the Indians should deliver their arms and instruments of every kind before they were permitted to pass the sentinel, and they were restored to them on their return. No more than twenty-five Indians were allowed to enter the town at any one time, and they were admitted only at the east and west gates. At sundown the drums beat, and all the Indians were required to leave town instantly. There was a council house near the water side for the purpose of holding council with the Indians. The population of the town was about sixty families, in all about two hundred males and one hundred females. This town was destroyed by fire, all except one dwelling, in 1805. After which the present " new " town was laid out. On the breaking out of the Revolution, the British held every post of importance in the West. Kentucky was formed as a component part pf Virginia, and the sturdy pioneers of the West, alive to their interests, 50 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. and recognizing the great benefits of obtaining the control of the trade in this part of the New World, held steadily to their purposes, and those within the commonwealth of Kentucky proceeded to exercise their civil privileges, by electing John Todd and Richard Gallaway, burgesses to represent them in the Assembly of the parent state. Early in September of that year (1777) the first court was held . in Harrodsburg, and Col. Bowman, afterwards major, who had arrived in August, was made the commander of a militia organization which had been commenced the March previous. Thus the tree of loyalty was growing. The chief spirit in this far-out colony, who had represented. her the year previous east of the mountains, was now meditating a move unequaled in its boldness. He had been watching the movements of the British throughout the Northwest, and understood their whole plan. Ht saw it was through their possession of the posts at Detroit, Vincennes, Kaskaskia, and other places, which would give them constant and easy access to the various Indian tribes in the Northwest, that the British intended to penetrate the country from the north and south, and annihi late the frontier fortresses. This moving, energetic man was Colonel, afterwards General, George Rogers Clark. He knew the Indians were not unanimously in accord with the English, and he was convinced that, could the British be defeated and expelled frond the Northwest, the natives might be easily awed into neutrality ; and by spies sent for the purpose, he satisfied himself that the enterprise against the Illinois settlements might easily succeed. Having convinced himself of the certainty of the project, he repaired to the Capital of Virginia, which place he reached on November 5th. While he was on his way, fortunately, on October 17th, Burgoyne had been defeated, and the spirits of the colonists greatly encouraged thereby. Patrick Henry was Governor of Virginia, and at once entered heartily into Clark's plans. The same plan had before been agitated in- the Colonial Assemblies, but there was no one until Clark came who was sufficiently acquainted with the condition of affairs at the scene of action to be able to guide them. Clark, ha-ving satisfied the Virginia leaders of the feasibility of his plan, received, on the 2d of January, two sets of instructions — one secret, the other open — the latter authorized him to proceed to enlist seven companies to go to Kentucky, subject to his orders, and to serve three months from their arrival in the West. The secret order authorized him to arm these troops, to procure his powder and lead of General Hand at Pittsburgh, and to proceed at once to subjugate the country. With these instructions Clark repaired to Pittsburgh, choosino- rather to raise his men west of the mountains, as he well knew all were needed La the colonies in the conflict there. He sent Col. W. B. Smith to Hoi- THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 51 ston for the same purpose, but neither succeeded in raising the required number of men. The settlers in these parts were afraid to leave their own firesides exposed to a vigilant foe, and but few could be induced to join the proposed expedition. With three companies and several private volunteers, Clark at length commenced his descent of the Ohio, which he navigated as far as the Falls, where he took possession of and fortified Corn Island, a small island between the present Cities of Louisville, Kentucky, and New Albany, Indiana. Remains of this fortification may yet be found. At this place he appointed Col. Bowman to meet him with such recruits as had reached Kentucky by the southern route, and as many as could be spared from the station. Here he announced to the men their real destination. Having completed his arrangements, and chosen his party, he left a small garrison upon the island, and on the 24th of June, during a total eclipse of the sun, which to them augured no good, and which fixes beyond dispute the date of starting, he with his chosen band, fell down the river. His plan was to go by water as far as Fort Massac or Massacre, and thence march direct to Kaskaskia. Here he intended to surprise the garrison, and after its capture go to Cahokia, then to Vincennes, and lastly to Detroit. Should he fail, he intended to march directly to the Mississippi River and cross it into the Spanish country. Before his start he received two good items of infor mation : one that the alliance had been formed between France and the United States ; and the other that the Indians throughout the Illinois country and the inhabitants, at the various frontier posts, had been l«d to believe by the British that the " Long Knives " or Virginians, were the most fierce, bloodthirsty and cruel savages that ever scalped a foe. With this impression on their minds, Clark saw that proper management would cause them to submit at once from fear, if surprised, and then from grati tude would become friendly if treated with unexpected leniency. The march to Kaskaskia was accomplished through a hot July sun, and the town reached on the evening of July 4. He captured the fort near the village, and soon after the village itself by surprise, and without the loss of a single man or by killing any of the enemy. After sufficiently working upon the fears of the natives, Clark told them they were at per fect liberty to worship as they pleased, and to take whichever side of the great conflict they would, also he would protect them from any barbarity from British or Indian foe. This had the desired effect, and the inhab itants, so unexpectedly and so gratefully surprised by the unlocked for turn of affairs, at once swore allegiance to the American arms, and when Clark desired to go to Cahokia on the 6th of July, they accom panied him, and through their influence the inhabitants of the place surrendered, and gladly placed themselves under his protection. Thus 52 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. the two important posts in Illinois passed from the hands of the English into the possession of Virginia. In the person ofthe priest at Kaskaskia, M. Gibault, Clark found a- powerful ally and generous friend. Clark saw that, to retain possession of the Northwest and treat successfully with the Indians within its boun daries, he must establish a government for the colonies he had taken. St. Vincent, the next important post to Detroit, remained yet to be taken before the Mississippi Valley was conquered. M. Gibault told him that he would alone, by persuasion, lead Vincennes to throw off its connection with England. Clark gladly accepted his offer, and on the 14th of July, in company with a fellow-townsman, M. Gibault started on his mission of peace, and on the 1st of August returned with the cheerful intelligence that the post on the " Oubache " had taken the oath of allegiance to the Old Dominion. During this interval, Clark established his courts, placed garrisons at Kaskaskia and Cahokia, successfully re-enUsted his men, sent word to have a fort, which proved the germ of Louisville, erected at the Falls of the Ohio, and dispatched Mr. Rocheblave, who had been commander at Kaskaskia, as a prisoner of war to Richmond. In October the County of Illinois was established by the Legislature of Virginia, John Todd appointed Lieutenant Colonel and CivU Governor, and in November General Clark and his men received the thanks of the Old Dominion through their Legislature. In a speech a few days afterward, Clark made known fully to the natives his plans, and at its close all came forward and swore alle giance to the Long Knives. While he was doing this Governor Hamilton, having made his various arrangements, had left Detroit and moved down the Wabash to Vincennes intending to operate from that point in reducing the Illinois posts, and then proceed on down to Kentucky and drive the rebels from the West. Gen. Clark had, on the return of M. Gibault, dispatched Captain Helm, of Fauquier County, Virginia, with an attend ant named Henry, across the Illinois prairies to command the fort. Hamilton knew nothing of the capitulation of the post, and was greatly surprised on his arrival to be confronte4 by Capt. Helm, who, standing at the entrance of the fort by a loaded cannon ready to fire upon his assail ants, demanded upon what terms Hamilton demanded possession of the fort. Being granted the rights of a prisoner of war, he surrendered to the British General, who could scarcely believe his eyes when he saw the force in the garrison. Hamilton, not realizing the character of the men with whom he was contending, gave up his intended campaign for the Winter, sent his four hnndred Indian warriors to prevent troops from coming down the Ohio, THB NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 53 and to annoy the Americans in all ways, and sat quietly down to pass the Winter. Information of all these proceedings having reached Clark, he saw that immediate and decisive action was necessary, and that unless he captured Hamilton, Hamilton would capture him. Clark received the news on the 29th of January, 1779, and on February 4th, having suffi ciently garrisoned Kaskaskia and Cahokia, he sent down the Mississippi a " battoe," as Major Bowman writes it, in order to ascend the Ohio and Wabash, and operate with the land forces gathering for the fray. On the next day, Clark, with his little force of one hundred and twenty men, set out for the post, and after incredible hard marching through much mud, the ground being thawed by the incessant spring rains, on the 22d reached the fort, and being joined by his " battoe," at once commenced the attack on the post. The aim of the American back woodsman was unerring, and on the 24th the garrison surrendered to the intrepid boldness of Clark. The French were treated with great kind ness, and gladly renewed their allegiance to Virginia. Hamilton was sent as a prisoner to Virginia, where he was kept in close' confinement. During his command of the British frontier posts, he had offered prizes to the Indians for all the scalps of Americans they would bring to him, and had earned in consequence thereof the title " Hair-buyer General," by which he was ever afterward known. Detroit was now without doubt within easy reach of the enterprising Virginian, could he but raise the necessary force. Governor Henry being apprised of this, promised him the needed reinforcement, and Clark con cluded to wait until he could capture and sufficiently garrison the posts. Had Clark failed in this bold undertaking, and Hamilton succeeded in uniting the western Indians for the next Spring's campaign, the West would indeed have been swept from the Mississippi to the Allegheny Mountains, and the great blow struck, which had been contemplated from the commencement, by the British. " But for this small army of dripping, but fearless Virginians, the union of all the tribes from Georgia to Maine against the colonies might have been effected, and the whole current of our history changed." At this time some fears were entertained by the Colonial Govern ments that the Indians in the North and Northwest were inclining to the British, and under the instructions of Washington, now Commander-in- Chief of the Colonial army, and so bravely fighting for American inde pendence, armed forces were sent against the Six Nations, and upon the Ohio frontier. Col. Bowman, acting under the same general's orders, marched against Indians within the present limits of that State. These expeditions were in the main successful, and the Indi^^ns were compelled to sue for peace. 54 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. During this same year (1779) the famous " Land Laws" of Virginia were passed. The passage of these laws was of more consequence to the pioneers of Kentucky and the Northwest than the gaining of a few Indian conflicts. These laws confirmed in main all grants made, and guaranteed to all actual settlers their rights and privileges. After providing for the settlers, the laws provided for selling the balance of the public lands at forty cents per acre. To carry the Land Laws into effect, the Legislature sent four Virginians westward to attend to the various claims, over many of which great confusion prevailed concerning their validity. These gentlemen opened their court on October 13, 1779, at S.t. Asaphs, and continued until April 26, 1780, when they adjourned, having decided three thousand claims. They were succeeded by the surveyor, who came in the person of Mr. George May, and assumed his duties on the 10th day of the month whose name he bore. With the opening of the next year (1780) the troubles concerning the navigation of the Missis sippi commenced. The Spanish Government exacted such measures in relation to its trade as to cause the overtures made to the United States to be rejected. The American Government considered they had a right to navigate its channel. To enforce their claims, a fort was erected below the mouth of the Ohio on the Kentucky side of the river. The settle ments in Kentucky were being rapidly filled by emigrants. It was dur ing this year that the first seminary of learning was established in the West in this young and enterprising Cpmmonwealth. , The settlers here did not look upon the building of this fort in a friendly manner, as it aroused the hostility of the Indians. Spain had been friendly to the Colonies during their struggle for independence, and though for a while this friendship appeared in danger from the refusal of the free navigation of the river, yet it was finally settled to the satisfaction of both nations. The Winter of 1779-80 was one of the most unusually severe ones ever experienced in the West. The Indians always referred to it as the "Great Cold." Numbers of wild animals perished, and not a few pioneers lost their lives. The following Summer a party of Canadians and Indians attacked St. Louis, and attempted to take possession of it in consequence of the friendly disposition of Spain to the revolting colonies. They met with such a determined resistance on the part of the inhabitants, even the women taking part in the battle, that they were compelled to abandon the contest. They also made an attack on the settlements in Kentucky, but, becoming alarmed in some unaccountable manner, they fled the country in great haste. About this time arose the question in the Colonial Congress con cerning the western lands claimed by Virginia, New York, Massachusetts THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 55 and Connecticut. The agitation concerning this subject finally led New York, on the 19th of February, 1780, to pass a law giving to the dele gates of that State in Congress the power to cede her western lands for the benefit of the United States. This law was laid before Congress during the next month, but no steps were taken concerning it until Sep tember 6th, when a resolution passed that body calling upon the States claiming western lands to release their claims in favor of the whole body. This basis formed the union, and was the first after all of those legislative measures which resulted in the creation of the States of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin and Minnesota. In December of the same year, the plan of conquering Detroit again arose. The conquest might have easily been effected by Clark had the necessary aid been furnished him. Nothing decisive was done, yet the heads of the Government knew that the safety of the Northwest from British invasion lay in the capture and retention of that important post, the only unconquered one in the territory. Before the close of the year, Kentucky was divided into the Coun ties of Lincoln, Fayette and Jefferson, and the act establishing the Town of Louisville was passed. This same year is also noted in the annals of American history as the year in which occurred Arnold's treason to the United States. Virginia, in accordance with the resolution of Congress, on the 2d day of January, 1781, agreed to yield her western lands to the United States upon certain conditions, which Congress would not accede to, and the Act of Cession, on the part of the Old Dominion, failed, nor was anything farther done until 1783. During all that time the Colonies were busily engaged in the struggle with the mother country, and in consequence thereof but little heed was given to the western settlements. Upon the 16th of April, 1781, the flrst birth north of the Ohio River of American parentage occurred, being that of Mary Heckewelder, daughter of the widely known Moravian missionary, whose band of Christian Indians suffered in after years a horrible massacre by the hands of the frontier settlers, who had been exasperated by the murder of several of their neighbors, and in their rage committed, without regard to humanity, a deed which forever afterwards cast a shade of shame upon their lives. For this and kindred outrages on the part of the whites, the Indians committed many deeds of cruelty which darken the years of 1771 and 1772 in the history of the Northwest. During the year 1782 a number of battles among the Indians and frontiersmen occurred, and between the Moravian Indians and the Wyan dots. In these, horrible acts of cruelty were practised on the captives, many of such dark deeds transpiring under the leadership of the notorious 56 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. frontier outlaw, Simon Girty, whose name, as well as those of his brothers, was a terror to women and children. These occurred chiefly in the Ohio valleys. Cotemporary with them were several engagements in Kentucky, in which the famous Daniel Boone engaged, and who, often by his skill and knowledge of Indian warfare, saved the outposts from cruel destruc- -^ ^«T 't*"'j *^Vv * "*' INDIANS ATTACKING FKOXTlEKSMEN. tion. By the close of the year victory had perched upon the American banner, and on the 30th of November, provisional articles of peace had been arranged between the Commissioners of England and her uncon querable colonies. Cornwallis had been defeated on the 19th of October preceding, and the liberty of America was assured. On the 19th of April following, the anniversary of the battle of Lexington, peace was THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 57 proclaimed to the army of the United States, and on the 3d of the next September, the deflnite treaty which ended our revolutionary struggle was concluded. By the terms of that treaty, the boundaries of the West were as follows : On the north the line was to extend along the center of the Great Lakes ; from the western point of Lake Superior to Long Lake ; thence to the Lake of the Woods ; thence to the head of the Mississippi River ; down its center to the 31st parallel of latitude, then on that line east to the head of the Appalachicola River ; down its center to its junc tion with the Flint ; thence straight to the head of St. Mary's River, and thence down along its center to the Atlantic Ocean. Following the cessation of hostilities with England, several posts were still occupied by the British in the North and West. Among these was Detroit, still in the hands of the enemy. Numerous engagements with the Indians throughout Ohio and Indiana occurred, upon whose lands adventurous whites would settle ere the title had been acquired by the proper treaty. To remedy this latter evil. Congress appointed commissioners to treat with the natives and purchase their lands, and prohibited the set tlement of the territory until this could be done. Before the close of the year another attempt was made to capture Detroit, which was, however, not pushed, and Virginia, no longer feeling the interest in the Northwest she had formerly done, withdrew her troops, having on the 20th of December preceding authorized the whole of her possessions to be deeded to the United States. This was done on the 1st of March following, and the Northwest Territory passed from the control of the Old Dominion. To Gen. Clark and his soldiers, however, she gave a tract of one hundred and fifty thousand acres of land, to be situated any where north of the Ohio wherever they chose to locate them. They selected the region opposite the falls of the Ohio, where is now the dilapidated village of Clarksville, about midway between the Cities of New Albany and Jeffer sonville, Indiana. While the frontier remained thus, and Gen. Haldimand at Detroit refused to evacuate alleging that he had no orders from his King to do so, settlers were rapidly gathering about the inland forts. In the Spring of 1784, Pittsburgh was regularly laid out, and from the journal of Arthur Lee, who passed through the town soon after on his way to the Indiain council at Fort Mcintosh, we suppose it was not very prepossessing in appearance. He says : " Pittsburgh is inhabited almost entirely by Scots and Irish, who live in paltry log houses, and are as dirty as if in the north of Ireland or even Scotland. There is a great deal of trade carried on, the goods being bought at the vast expense of forty-five shillings per pound from Phila- 58 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. delphia and Baltimore. They take in the shops flour, wheat, skins and money. There are in the town four attorneys, two doctors, and not a priest of any persuasion, nor church nor chapel." Kentucky at this time contained thirty thousand inhabitants, and was beginning to discuss measures for a separation from Virginia. A land office was opened at Louisville, and measures were adopted to take defensive precaution against the Indians who were yet, in some instances, incited to deeds of violence by the British. Before the close of this year, 1784, the military claimants of land began to occupy them, although no entries were recorded until 1787. The Indian title to the Northwest was not yet extinguished. They held large tracts of lands, and in order to prevent bloodshed Congress adopted means for treaties with the original owners and provided for the surveys of the lands gained thereby, as well as for those north of the Ohio, now in its possession. On January 31, 1786, a treaty was made with the Wabash Indians. The treaty of Fort Stanwix had been made in 1784. That at Fort Mcintosh in 1785, and through these much land was gained. The Wabash Indians, however, afterward refused to comply with the provisions of the treaty made with them, and in order to compel their adherence to its provisions, force was used. During the year 1786, the free navigation of the Mississippi came up in Congress, and caused various discussions, which resulted in no definite action, only serving to excite speculation in regard to the western lands. Congress had promised bounties of land to the soldiers of the Revolution, but owine to the unsettled condition of affairs along the Mississippi respecting its naviga tion, and the trade of the Northwest, that body had, in 1783, declared its inability to fulfill these promises until a treaty could be concluded between the two Governments. Before the close of the year 1786, how ever, it was able, through the treaties with the Indians, to allow some grants and the settlement thereon, and on the 14th of September Con necticut ceded to the General Government the tract of land known as the " Connecticut Reserve," and before the close of the following year a large tract of land north of the Ohio was sold to a company, who at once took measures to settle it. By the provisions of this grant, the company were to pay the United States one dollar per acre, subject to a deduction' of one-third for bad lands and other contingencies. They received 750,000 acres, bounded on the south by the Ohio, on the east by the seventh range of townships, on the west by the sixteenth range, and on the north by a line so drawn as to make the grant complete without the reservations. In addition to this. Congress afterward granted 100,000 acres to actual settlers, and 214,285 acres as army bounties under the resolutions of 1789 and 1790. THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 59 While Dr. Cutler, one of the agents of the company, was pressing its claims before Congress, that body was bringing into form an ordinance for the political and social organization of this Territory. When the cession was made by Virginia, in 1784, a plan was offered, but rejected. A motion had been made to strike from the proposed plan the prohibition of slavery, which prevailed. The plan was then discussed and altered, and finaUy passed unanimously, with the exception of South Carolina. By this proposition, the Territory was to have been divided into states A PEAIKIE STOEM. by parallels and meridian lines. This, it was thought, would make ten states, which were to have been named as follows — beginning at the northwest corner and going southwardly: Sylvania, Michigania, Cher- sonesus, Assenisipia, Metropotamia, lUenoia, Saratoga, Washington, Poly- potamia and Pelisipia. There was a more serious objection to this plan than its category ot names,- the boundaries. The root of the difficulty was in the resolu tion of Congress passed in October, 1780, which fixed the boundaries of the ceded lands to be from one hundred to one hundred and fifty miles 60 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. square. These resolutions being presented to the Legislatures of Vir ginia and Massachusetts, they desired a change, and in July, 1786, the subject was taken up in Congress, and changed to favor a division into not more than five states, and not less than three. This was approved by the State Legislature of Virginia. The subject of the Government was again taken up by Congress in 1786, and discussed throughout that year and until July, 1787, when the famous " Compact of 1787 " was passed, and. the foundation of the government of the Northwest laid. This com pact is fully discussed and explained in the history of Illinois in this book, and to it the reader is referred. The passage of this act and the grant to the New England Company was soon followed by an application to the Government by John Cleves Symmes, of New Jersey, for a grant of the land between the Miamis. This gentleman had visited these lands soon after the treaty of 1786, and, being greatly pleased with them, offered similar terms to those given to the New England Company. The petition was referred to the Treasury Board with power to act, and a contract was concluded the following year. During the Autumn the directors of the New England Company were preparing to occupy their grant the following Spring, and upon the 23d of November made arrangements for a party of fortyrseven men, under the superintendency of Gen. Rufus Putnam, to set forward. Six boat-builders were to leave at once, and on the first of January the sur veyors and their assistants, twenty-six in number, were to meet at Hart ford and proceed on their journey westward ; the remainder to follow as soon as possible. Congress, in the meantime, upon the 3d of October, had ordered seven hundred troops for defense of the western settlers, and to prevent unauthorized intrusions ; and two days later appointed Arthur St. Clair Governor of the Territory of the Northwest. AMERICAN SETTLEMENTS. The civil organization of the Northwest Territory was now com- plete, and notwithstanding the uncertainty of Indian affairs, settlers from the East began to come into the country rapidly. The New England Company sent their men during the Winter of 1787-8 pressing on over the AUeghenies by the old Indian path which had been opened into Braddock's road, and which has since been made a national turnpike from Cumberiand westward. Through the weary winter days they toiled on, and by April were all gathered on the Yohiogany, where boats had been built, and at once started for the Muskingum. Here they arrived on the 7th of that month, and unless the Moravian missionaries be regarded as the pioneers of Ohio, this littie band can justly claim that honor. THB NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 61 Gen. St. Clair, the appointed Governor of the Northwest, not having yet arrived, a set of laws were passed, written out, and published by being nailed to a tree in the embryo town, and Jonathan Meigs appointed to administer them. Washington in writing of this, the first American settlement in the Northwest, said : " No colony in America was ever settled under such favorable auspices as that which has just commenced at Muskingum. Information, property and strength will be its characteristics. I know many of its settlers personally, and there never were men better calcu lated to promote the welfare of such a community." A PIONEEE DWELLING. On the 2d of July a meeting of the directors and agents was held on the banks of the Muskingum, " for the purpose of naming the new born city and its squares." As yet the settlement was known as the "Muskingum," but that was now changed to the name Marietta, in honor of Marie Antoinette. The square upon which the block - houses stood was called '¦^Campus Martins ;" square number 19, ^'- Capitolium ;" square number 61, " Cecilia;"- and the great road through the covert way, " Sacra Via," Two days after, an oration was delivered by James M. Varnum, who with S. H. Parsons and John Armstrong had been appointed to the judicial bench of the territory on the 16th of October, 1787. On July 9, Gov. St. Clair arrived, and the colony began to assume form. The act of 1787 provided two district grades of government for the Northwest, 62 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. under the first of which the whole power was invested in the hands of a governor and three district judges. This was immediately formed upon the Governor's arrival, and the first laws of the colony passed on the 25th of July. These provided for the organization of the militia, and on the next day appeared the Governor's proclamation, erecting all that country that had been ceded by the Indians east of the Scioto River into the County of Washington. From that time forward, notwithstanding the doubts yet existing as to the Indians, all Marietta prospered, and on the 2d of September the first court of the territory was held with imposing ceremonies. The emigration westward at this time was very great. The com mander at Fort Harmer, at the mouth of the Muskingum, reported four thousand five hundred persons as having passed that post between Feb ruary and June, 1788 — many of whom would have purchased of the "Associates," as the New England Company was called, had they been ready to receive them. On the 26th of November, 1787, Symmes issued a pamphlet stating the terms of his contract and the plan of sale he intended to adopt. In January, 1788, Matthias Denman, of New Jersey, took an active interest in Symmes' purchase, and located among other tracts the sections upon which Cincinnati has been built. Retaining one-third of this locality, he sold the other two-thirds to Robert Patterson and John Filson, and the three, about August, commenced to lay out a town on the spot, which was designated as being opposite Licking River, to the mouth of which they proposed to have a road cut from Lexington. The naming of the town is thus narrated in the "Western Annals " : — " Mr. Filson, who had been a schoolmaster, was appointed to name the town, and, in respect to its situation, and as if with a prophetic perception of the mixed race that were to inhabit it in after days, he named it Losantiville, which, being interpreted, means : ville, the town ; anti, against or opposite to ; os, the mouth ; L. of Licking." Meanwhile, in July, Symmes got thirty persons and eight four-horse teams under way for the West. These reached Limestone (now Mays ville) in September, where were several persons from Redstone. Here Mr. Symmes tried to found a settlement, but the great freshet of 1789 caused the " Point," as it was and is yet called, to be fifteen feet under water, and the settlement to be abandoned. The little band of settlers removed to the mouth of the Miami. Before Symmes and his colony left the " Point," two settlements had been made on his purchase. The first was by Mr. Stiltes, the original projector of the whole plan, who, with a colony of Redstone people, had located at the mouth of the Miami, whither Symmes went with his Maysville colony. Here a clearing had THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 63 been made by the Indians owing to the great fertility of the soil. Mr. Stiltes with his colony came to this place on the 18th of November, 1788, with twenty-six persons, and, building a block-house, prepared to remain through the Winter. They named the settlement Columbia. Here they were kindly treated by the Indians, but suffered greatly from the flood of 1789. On the 4th of March, 1789, the Constitution of the United States went into operation, and on April 30, George Washington was inaug urated President of the American people, and during the next Summer, an Indian war was commenced by the tribes north of the Ohio. The President at first used pacific means ; but these failing, he sent General Harmer against the hostile tribes. He destroyed several villages, but BREAKING PBAIEIE. was defeated in two battles, near the present City of Fort Wayne, Indiana. From this time till the close of 1795, the principal events were the wars with the various Indian tribes. In 1796, General St. Clair was appointed in command, and marched against the Indians ; but while he was encamped on a stream, the St. Mary, a branch of the Maumee, he was attacked and defeated with the loss of six hundred men. General Wayne was now sent against the savages. In August, 1794, he met them near the rapids of the Maumee, and gained a complete victory. This success, foUoWed by vigorous measures, compelled the Indians to sue for peace, and on the 30th of July, the following year, the treaty of Greenville was signed by the principal chiefs, by which a large tract of country was ceded to the United States. Before proceeding in our narrative, we will pause to notice Fort Washington, erected in the early part of this war on the site of Cincinnati. Nearly all of the great cities of the Northwest, and indeed of the 64 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. whole country, have had their nuclei in those rude pioneer structures, known as forts or stockades. Thus Forts Dearborn, Washington, Pon chartrain, mark the original sites of the now proud Cities of Chicago, Cincinnati and Detroit. So of most of the flourishing cities east and west of the Mississippi. Fort Washington, erected by Doughty in 1790, was a rude but highly interesting structure. It was composed of a number of strongly-built hewed log cabins. Those designed for soldiers' barracks were a story and a half high, while those composing the officers quarters were more imposing and more conveniently arranged and furnished. The whole were so placed as to form a hollow square, enclosing about an acre of ground, with a block house at each of the four angles. The logs for the construction of this fort were cut from the ground upon which it was erected. It stood between Third and Fourth Streets of the present city (Cincinnati) extending east of Eastern Row, now Broadway, which was then a narrow alley, and the eastern boundary of of the-town as it was originally laid out. On the bank of the river, immediately in front of the fort, was an appendage of the fort, called the Artificer's Yard. It contained about two acres of ground, enclosed by small contiguous buildings, occupied by workshops and quarters of laborers. Within this enclosure there was a large two-story frame house, familiarly called the "Yellow House," built for the accommodation of the Quartermaster General. For many years this was the best finished and most commodious edifice in the Queen City. Fort Washington was for some time the headquarters of both the civil and military governments of the Northwestern Territory. Following the consummation of the treaty various gigantic land spec ulations were entered into by different persons, who hoped to obtain from the Indians in Michigan and northern Indiana, large tracts of lands. These were generally discovered in time to prevent the outrageous schemes from being carried out, and from involving the settlers in war. On October 27, 1795, the treaty between the United States and Spain was signed, whereby the free navigation of the Mississippi was secured. No sooner had the treaty of 1795 been ratified than settlements began to pour rapidly into the West. The great event of the year 1796 was the occupation of that part of the Northwest including Michigan, which was this year, under the provisions of the treaty, evacuated by the British forces. The United States, owing to certain conditions, did not feel justified in addressing the authorities in Canada in relation to Detroit and other frontier posts. When at last the British authorities were called to give them up, they at once complied, and General Waj-ne, who had done so much to preserve the frontier settlements, and who, before the year's close, sickened and died near Erie, transferred his head- THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 65 quarters to the neighborhood of the lakes, where a county named after him was formed, which included the northwest of Ohio, all of Michigan, and the northeast of Indiana. During this same year settlements were formed at the present City of Chillicothe, along the Miami from Middle- town to Piqua, while in the more distant West, settlers and speculators began to appear in great numbers. In September, the City of Cleveland was laid out, and during the Summer and Autumn, Samuel Jackson and Jonathan Sharpless erected the first manufactory of paper — the " Red stone Paper Mill" — in the West. St. Louis contained some seventy houses, and Detroit over three hundred, and along the river,' contiguous to it, were more than three thousand inhabitants, mostly French Canadians, Indians and half-breeds, scarcely any Americans venturing yet into that part of the Northwest. The election of representatives for the territory had taken place, and on the 4th of February, 1799, they convened at Losantiville — now known as Cincinnati, having been named so by Gov. St. Clair, and considered the capit'al of the Territory — to nominate persons from whom the members of the Legislature were to be chosen in accordance with a previous ordinance. This nomination being made, the Assembly adjourned until the 16th of the following September. From those named the President selected as members of the council, Henry Vandenburg, of Vincennes, Robert Oliver, of Marietta, James Findlay and Jacob Burnett, of Cincinnati, and David Vance, of Vanceville. On the 16th of September the Territorial Legislature met, and on the 24th the two houses were duly organized, Henry Vandenburg being elected President ofthe Council. The message of Gov. St. Clair was addressed to the Legislature September 20th, and on October 13th that body elected as a delegate to Congress Gen. Wm. Henry Harrison, who received eleven of the votes cast, being a majority of one over his opponent, Arthur St. Clair, son of Gen. St. Clair. The whole number of acts passed at this session, and approved by the Governor, were thirty-seven — eleven others were passed, but received his veto. The most important of those passed related to the militia, to the administration, and to taxation. On the 19th of December this pro tracted session of the first Legislature in the West was closed, and on the 30th of December the President nominated Charles Willing Bryd to the office of Secretary of the Territory vice Wm. Henry Harrison, elected to Congress. The Senate confirmed his nomination the next day. 66 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. DIVISION OF THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. The increased emigration to the Northwest, the extent of the domain, and the inconvenient modes of travel, made it very difficult to conduct the ordinary operations of government, and rendered the efficient action of courts almost impossible. To remedy this, it was deemed advisable to divide the territory for civil purposes. Congress, in 1800, appointed a committee to examine the question and report some means for its solution. This committee, on the 3d of March, reported that : " In the three western countries there has been but one court having cognizance of crimes, in five years, and the immunity which offenders experience attracts, as to an asylum, the most vile and abandoned crim inals, and at the same time deters useful citizens from making settlements in such society. The extreme necessity of judiciary attention and assist ance is experienced in civil as well as in criminal cases. * * * * To minister a remedy to these and other evils, it occurs to this committee that it is expedient that a division of said territory into two distinct and separate governments should be made ; and that such division be made by a line beginning at the mouth of the Great Miami River, running directly north until it intersects the boundary between the United States and Canada." The report was accepted by Congress, and, in accordance with its suggestions, that body passed an Act extinguishing the Northwest Terri tory, which Act was approved May 7. Among its provisions were these : " That from and after July 4 next, all that part of the Territory of the United States northwest of the Ohio River, which lies to the westward of a line beginning at a point on the Ohio, opposite to the mouth of the Kentucky River, and running thence to Fort Recovery, and thence north until it shall intersect the territorial line between the United States and Canada, shall, for the purpose of temporary government, constitute a separate territory, and be called the Indiana Territory." After providing for the exercise of the civil and criminal powers of the territories, and other provisions, the Act further provides: " That until it shall otherwise be ordered by the Legislatures of the said Territories, respectively, Chillicothe on the Scioto River shall be the seat of government of the Territory of the United States northwest of the Ohio River; and that St. Vincennes on the Wabash River shall be the seat of government for the Indiana Territory." Gen. Wm. Henry Harrison was appointed Governor of the Indiana Territory, and entered upon his duties about a year later. Connecticut also about this time released her claims to the reserve, and in March a law THB NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 67 was passed accepting this cession. Settlements had been made upon thirty-five of the townships in the reserve, mills had been built, and seven hundred miles of road cut in various directions. On the 3d of November the General Assembly met at Chillicothe. Near the close of the year, the first missionary of the Connecticut Reserve came, who found no township containing more than eleven families. It was upon the first of October that the secret treaty had been made between Napoleon and the King of Spain, whereby the latter agreed to cede to France the province of Louisiana. In January, 1802, the Assembly of the Northwestern Territory char tered the college at Athens. From the earliest dawn of the western colonies, education was promptly provided for, and as early as 1787, newspapers were issued from Pittsburgh and Kentucky, and largely read throughout the frontier settlements. Before the close of this year, the Congress of the United States granted to the citizens of the Northwestern territory the formation of a State government. One of the provisions of the "compact of 1787" provided that whenever the number of inhabit ants within prescribed limits exceeded 45,000, they should be entitled to a separate government. The prescribed limits of Ohio contained, from a census taken to ascertain the legality of the act, more than that number, and on the 30th of April, 1802, Congress passed the act defining its limits, and on the 29th of November the Constitution of the new State of Ohio, so named from the beautiful river forming its southern boundary, came into existence. The exact limits of Lake Michigan were not then known, but the territory now included within the State of Michigan was wholly within the territory of Indiana. Gen. Harrison, while residing at Vincennes, made several treaties with the Indians, thereby gaining large tracts of lands. The next year is memorable in the history of the West for the purchase of Louisiana from France by the United States for $15,000,000. Thus by a peaceful mode, the domain of the United States was extended over a large tract of country west of the Mississippi, and was for a time under the jurisdiction of the Northwest government, and, as has been mentioned in the early part of this narrative, was called the "New Northwest." The limits of this history will not allow a description of its territory. The same year large grants of land were obtained from the Indians, and the House of Representatives of the new State of Ohio signed a biU respecting the College Township in the district of Cincinnati. Before the close of the year. Gen. Harrison obtained additional grants of lands from the various Indian nations in Indiana and the present limits of Illinois, and on the 18th of August, 1804, completed a treaty at St. Louis, whereby over 51,000,000 acres of lands were obtained from the 68 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. aborigines. Measures were also taken to learn the condition of affairs in and about Detroit. C. Jouett, the Indian agent in Michigan, still a part of Indiana Terri tory, reported as follows upon the condition of matters at that post : " The Town of Detroit. — The charter, which is for fifteen miles square, was granted in the time of Louis XIV. of France, and is now, from the best information I have been able to get, at Quebec. Of those two hundred and twenty-five acres, only four are occupied by the town and Fort Lenault. The remainder is a common, except twenty-four acres, which were added twenty years ago to a farm belonging to Wm. Macomb. * * * A stockade incloses the town, fort and citadel. The pickets, as well as the public houses, are in a state of gradual decay. The streets are narrow, straight and regular, and intersect each other at right angles. The houses are, for the most part, low and inelegant." During this year. Congress granted a township of land for the sup port of a college, and began to offer inducements for settlers in these wilds, and the country now comprising the State of Michigan began to fill rapidly with settlers along its southern borders. This same year, also, a law was passed organizing the Southwest Territory, dividing it into two portions, the Territory of New Orleans, which city was made the seat of government, and the District of Louisiana, which was annexed to the domain of Gen. Harrison. On the 11th of January, 1805, the Territory of Michigan was formed, Wm. Hull was appointed governor, with headquarters at Detroit, the change to take effect on June 30. On the 11th of that month, a fire occurred at Detroit, which destroyed almost every building in the place. When the officers of the new territory reached the post, they found it in ruins, and the inhabitants scattered throughout the country. Rebuild ing, however, soon commenced, and ere long the town contained more houses than before the fire, and many of them much better built. While this was being done, Indiana had passed to the second grade of government, and through her General Assembly had obtained large tracts of land from the Indian tribes. To all this the celebrated Indian, Tecumthe or Tecnmseh, vigorously protested, and it was the main cause of his attempts to unite the various Indian tribes in a conflict with the settlers. To obtain a full account of these attempts, the workings of the British, and the signal failure, culminating in the death of Tecnmseh at the battle of the Thames, and the close of the war of 1812 in the North-^est, we will step aside in our story, and relate the principal events of his life, and his connection with this conffict. THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 6» TECUMSEH, THE SHAWANOE CHIEFTAIN. TO THB NORTHWEST TERRITORY. TECUMSEH, AND THE WAR OF 1812. This famous Indian chief was born about the year 1768, not far from the site of the present City of Piqua, Ohio. His father, Puckeshinwa, was a member of the Kisopok tribe of the Swanoese nation, and his mother, Methontaske, was a member of the Turtle tribe of the same people. They removed from Florida about the middle of the last century to the birthplace of Tecnmseh. In 1774, his father, who had risen to be chief, was slain at the battle of Point Pleasant, and not long after Tecnm seh, by his bravery, became the leader of his tribe. In 1795 he was declared chief, and then lived at Deer Creek, near the site of the present City of Urbana. He remained here about one year, when he returned to Piqua, and in 1798, he went to White River, Indiana. In 1805, he and his brother, Laulewasikan (Open Door), who had announced himself as a prophet, went to a tract of land on the Wabash River, given them by the Pottawatomies and Kickapoos. From this date the chief comes into prominence. He was now about thirty-seven years of age, was five feet and ten inches in height, was stoutly built, and possessed of enormous powers of endurance. His countenance was naturally pleas ing, and he was, in general, devoid of those savage attributes possessed by most Indians. It is stated he could read and write, and had a confi dential secretary and adviser, named Billy Caldwell, a half-breed, who afterward became chief of the Pottawatomies. He occupied the first house built on the site of Chicago. At this time, Tecumseh entered upon the great work of his life. He had long objected to the grants of land made by the Indians to the whites, and determined to unite all the Indian tribes into a league, in order that no treaties or grants of land could be made save by the consent of this confederation. He traveled constantly, going from north to south ; from the south to the north, everywhere urging the Indians to this step. He was a matchless orator, and his burning words had their effect. Gen. Harrison, then Governor of Indiana, by watching the move ments of the Indians, became convinced that a grand conspiracy was forming, and made preparations to defend the settlements. Tecumseh's plan was similar to Pontiac's, elsewhere described, and to the cunning artifice of that chieftain was added his own sagacity. During the year 1809, Tecumseh and the prophet were actively pre paring for the work. In that year. Gen. Harrison entered into a treaty with the Delawares, Kickapoos, Pottawatomies, Miamis, Eel River Indians and Weas, in which these tribes ceded to the whites certain lands upon the Wabash, to all of which Tecumseh entered a bitter protest, averring THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 71 as one principal reason that he did not want the Indians to give up any lands north and west of the Ohio River. Tecumseh, in August, 1810, visited the General at Vincennes and held a council relating to the grievances of the Indians. Becoming unduly angry at this conference he was dismissed from the village, and soon after departed to incite the southern Indian tribes to the conflict. Gen. Harrison determined to move upon the chief's headquarters at Tippecanoe, and for this purpose went about sixty-five miles up the Wabash, where he built Fort Harrison. From this place he went to the prophet's town, where he informed the Indians he had no hostile inten tions, provided they were true to the existing treaties. He encamped near the village early in October, and on the morning of November 7, he was attacked by a large force of the Indians, and the famous battle of Tippecanoe occurred. The Indians were routed and their town broken up. Tecumseh returning not long after, was greatly exasperated at his brother, the prophet, even threatening to kill him for rashly precipitating the war, and foiling his (Tecumseh's) plans. Tecumseh sent word to Gen. Harrison that he was now returned from the South, and was ready to visit the President as had at one time previously been proposed. Gen. Harrison informed him he could not go as a chief, which method Tecumseh desired, and the visit was never made. In June of the foUovring year, he visited the Indian agent at Fort Wayne. Here he disavowed any intention to make a war against the United States, and reproached Gen. Harrison for marching against his people. The agent replied to this ; Tecumseh listened with a cold indif ference, and after making a few general remarks, with a haughty air drew his blanket about him, left the council house, and departed for Fort Mai den, in Upper Canada, where he joined the British standard. He remained under this Government, doing effective work for the Crown while engaged in the war of 1812 which now opened. He was, however, always humane in his treatment of the prisoners, never allow ing his warriors to ruthlessly mutilate the bodies of those slain, or wan tonly murder the captive. In the Summer of 1813, Perry's victory on Lake Erie occurred, and shortly after active preparations were made to capture Maiden. On the 27th of September, the American army, under Gen. Harrison, set sail for the shores of Canada, and in a few hours stood around the ruins of Mai den, from which the British army, under Proctor, had retreated to Sand wich, intending to make its way to the heart of Canada by the Valley of the Thames. On the 29th Gen. Harrison was at Sandwich, and Gen. McArthur took possessioh of Detroit and the territory of Michigan. 72 THS! NORTHWEST TERRITORY. On the 2d of October, the Americans began their pursuit of Proctor, whom they overtook on the 5th, and the battie of the Thames followed. Eariy in the engagement, Tecumseh who was at the head of the column of Indians was slain, and they, no longer hearing the voice of their chief tain, fled. The victory was decisive, and practically closed the war in the Northwest. INDIANS ATTACKING A STOCKADE. Just who killed the great chief has been a matter of much dispute ; but the weight of opinion awards the act to Col. Richard M. Johnson, who fired at him with a pistol, the shot proving fatal. In 1805 occurred Burr's Insurrection. He took possession of a beautiful island in the Ohio, after the killing of Hamilton, and is charged by many with attempting to set up an independent government. His plans were frustrated by the general government, his property confiscated and he was compelled to flee the country for safety. THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 73 In January, 1807, Governor Hull, of Michigan Territory, made a treaty with the Indians, whereby all that peninsula was ceded to the United States. Before the close of the year, a stockade was built about Detroit. It was also during this year that Indiana and Illinois endeavored to obtain the repeal of that section of the compact of 1787, whereby slavery was excluded from the Northwest Territory. These attempts, however, all signally failed. In 1809 it was deemed advisable to divide the Indiana Territory. This was done, and the Territory of Illinois was formed from the western part, the seat of government being fixed at Kaskaskia. The next year, the intentions of Tecumseh manifested themselves in open hostilities, and then began the events already narrated. While this war was in progress, emigration to the West went on with surprising rapidity. In 1811, under Mr. Roosevelt of New York, the first steamboat trip was made on the Ohio, much to the astonishment of the natives, many of whom fled in terror at the appearance of the " monster." It arrived at Louisville on the 10th day of October. At the close of the first week of January, 1812, it arrived at Natchez, after being nearly overwhelmed in the great earthquake which occurred while on its downward trip. The battle of the Thames was fought on October 6, 1813. It effectually closed hostilities in the Northwest, although peace was not fully restored until July 22, 1814, when a treaty was formed at Green ville, under the direction of General Harrison, between the United States and the Indian tribes, in which it was stipulated that the Indians should cease hostilities against the Americans if the war were continued. Such, happily, was not the case, and on the 24th of December the treaty of Ghent was signed by the representatives of England and the United States. This treaty was followed the next year by treaties with various Indian tribes throughout the West and Northwest, and quiet was again restored in this part of the new world. On the 18th of March, 1816, Pittsburgh was incorporated as a city. It then had a population of 8,000 people, and was already noted for its manufacturing interests. On April 19, Indiana Territory was allowed to form a state government. At that time there were thirteen counties organized, containing about sixty-three thousand inhabitants. The first election of state officers was held in August, when Jonathan Jennings was chosen Governor. The officers were sworn in on November 7, and on December 11, the State was formally admitted into the Union. For some time the seat of government was at Corydon, but a more central location being desirable, the present capital, Indianapolis (City of Indiana), was laid out January 1, 1825. 74 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. On the 28th of December the Bank of Illinois, at Shawneetown, was chartered, with a capital of $300,000. At this period all banks were under the control of the States, and were allowed to establish branches at different convenient points. Until this time Chillicothe and Cincinnati had in turn enjoyed the privileges of being the capital of Ohio. But the rapid settlement of the northern and eastern portions of the State demanded, as in Indiana, a more central location, and before the close of the year, the site of Col umbus was selected and surveyed as the future capital of the State. Banking had begun in Ohio as early as 1808, when the first bank was chartered at Marietta, but here as elsewhere it did not bring to the state the hoped-for assistance. It and other banks were subsequently unable to redeem their currency, and were obliged to suspend. In 1818, Illinois was made a state, and all the territory north of her northern limits was erected into a separate territory and joined to Mich igan for judicial purposes. By the following year, navigation of the lakes was increasing with great rapidity and affording an immense source of revenue to the dwellers in the Northwest, but it was not until 1826 that the trade was extended to Lake Michigan, or that steamships began to navigate the bosom of that inland sea. Until the year 1832, the commencement of the Black Hawk War, but few hostilities were experienced with the Indians. Roads were opened, canals were dug, cities were built, common schools were estab lished, universities were founded, many of which, especially the Michigan University, have achieved a world wide-reputation. The people were becoming wealthy. The domains of the United States had been extended, and had the sons of the forest been treated with honesty and justice, the record of many years would have been that of peace and continuous pros perity. BLACK HAWK AND THE BLACK HAWK WAR. This conflict, though confined to Illinois, is an important epoch in the Northwestern history, being the last war with the Indians in this part of the United States. Ma-ka-tai-me-she-kia-kiah, or Black Hawk, was born in the principal Sac village, about three miles from the junction of Rock River with the Mississippi, in the year 1767. His father's name was Py-e-sa or Pahaes ; his grandfather's, Na-na-ma-kee, or the Thunderer. Black Hawk early distinguished himself as a warrior, and at the age of fifteen was permitted to paint and was ranked among the braves. About the year 1783, he Went on an expedition against the enemies of his nation, the Osages, one THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 75 BLACK HAWK, THE SAC CHIEFTAIN. 76 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. of whom he killed and scalped, and for this deed of Indian bravery he was permitted to join in the scalp dance. Three or four years after he, at the head of two hundred braves, went on another expedition against the Osages, to avenge the murder of some women and children belonging to his own tribe. Meeting an equal number of Osage warriors, a fierce battle ensued, in which the latter tribe lost one-half their number. The Sacs lost only about nineteen warriors. He next attacked the Cherokees for a similar cause. In a severe battle with them, near the present City of St. Louis, his father was slain, and Black Hawk, taking possession of the " Medicine Bag," at once announced himself chief of the Sac nation. He had now conquered the Cherokees, and about the year 1800, at the head of five hundred Sacs and Foxes, and a hundred lowas, he waged war against the Osage nation and subdued it. For two years he battled successfully with other Indian tribes, all of whom he conquered. Black Hawk does not at any time seem to have been friendly to the Americans. When on a visit to St. Louis to see his " Spanish Father," he declined to see any of the Americans, alleging, as a reason, he did not want two fathers. The treaty at St. Louis was consummated in 1804. The next year the United States Government erected a fort near the head of*he Des Moines Rapids, called Fort Edwards. This seemed to enrage Black Hawk, who at once determined to capture Fort Madison, standing on the west side of the Mississippi above the mouth of the Des Moines River. The fort was garrisoned by about fifty men. Here he was defeated. The difficulties with the British Government arose about this time, and the War of 1812 followed. That government, extending aid to the Western Indians, by giving them arms and ammunition, induced them to remain hostile to the Americans. In August, 1812, Black Hawk, at the head of about five hundred braves, started to join the British forces at Detroit, passing on his way the site of Chicago, where the famous Fort Dearborn Massacre had a few days before occurred. Of his connection with the British Government but little is known. In 1813 he with his little band descended the Mississippi, and attacking some United States troops at Fort Howard was defeated. In the early part of 1815, the Indian tribes west of the Mississippi were notified that peace had been declared between the United States and England, and nearly all hostilities had ceased. Black Hawk did not sign any treaty, however, until May of the following year. He then recog nized the validity of the treaty at St. Louis in 1804. From the time of signing this treaty in 1816, until the breaking out of the war in 1832, he and his band passed their time in the common pursuits of Indian life. Ten years before the commencement of this war, the Sac and Fox THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 77 Indians were urged to join the lowas on the west bank of the Father of Waters. All were agreed, save the band known as the British Band, of which Black Hawk was leader. He strenuously objected to the removal, and was induced to comply only after being threatened with the power of the Government. This and various actions on the part of the white set tlers provoked Black Hawk and his band to attempt the capture of his native village now occupied by the whites. The war followed. He and his actions were undoubtedly misunderstood, and had his wishes been acquiesced in at the beginning of the struggle, much bloodshed would have been prevented. Black Hawk was chief now of the Sac and Fox nations, and a noted warrior. He and his tribe inhabited a village on Rock River, nearly three miles above its confluence with the Mississippi, where the tribe had lived many generations. When that portion of Illinois was reserved to them, they remained in peaceable possession of their reservation, spending their time in the enjoyment of Indian life. The fine situation of their village and the quality of their lands incited the more lawless white settlers, who from time to time began to encroach upon the red men's domain. From one pretext to another, and from one step to another, the crafty white men gained a foothold, until through whisky and artifice they obtained deeds from many of the Indians for their possessions. The Indians were finally induced to cross over the Father of Waters and locate among the lowas. Black Hawk was strenuously opposed to all this, but as the authorities of Illinois and the United States thought this the best move, he was forced to comply. Moreover other tribes joined the whites and urged the removal. Black Hawk would not agree to the terms of the treaty made with his nation for their lands, and as soon as the military, called to enforce his removal, had retired, he returned to the Illinois side of the river. A large force was at once raised and marched against him. On the evening of May 14, 1832, the first engagement occurred between a band from this army and Black Hawk's band, in which the former were defeated. This attack and its result aroused the whites. A large force of men was raised, and Gen. Scott hastened from the seaboard, by way of the lakes, with United States troops and artillery to aid in the subjugation of the Indians. On the 24th of June, Black Hawk, with 200 warriors, was repulsed by Major Dement between Rock River and Galena. The Ameri can army continued to move up Rock River toward the main body of the Indians, and on the 21st of July came upon Black Hawk and his band, and defeated them near the Blue Mounds. Before this action. Gen. Henry, in command, sent word to the main army by whom he was immediately rejoined, and the whole crossed the 78 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. Wisconsin in pursuit of Black Hawk and his band who were fleeing to the Mississippi. They were overtaken on the 2d of August, and in the battle which followed the power of the Indian chief was completely broken. He fled, but was seized by the Winnebagoes and delivered to the whites. On the 21st of September, 1832, Gen. Scott and Gov. Reynolds con cluded a treaty with the Winnebagoes, Sacs and Foxes by which they ceded to the United States a vast tract of country, and agreed to remain peaceable with the whites. For the faithful performance of the provi sions of this treaty on the part of the Indians, it was stipulated that Black Hawk, his two sons, the prophet Wabokieshiek, and six other chiefs of the hostile bands should be retained as hostages during the pleasure of the President. They were confined at Fort Barracks and put in irons. The next Spring, by order of the Secretary of War, they were taken to Washington. From there they were removed to Fortress Monroe, "there to remain until the conduct of their nation was such as to justify their being set at liberty." They were retained here until the 4th of June, when the authorities directed them to be taken to the principal cities so that they might see the folly of contending against the white people. Everj'where they were observed by thousands, the name of the old chief being extensively known. By the middle of August they reached Fort Armstrong on Rock Island, where Black Hawk was soon after released to go to his countrymen. As he passed the site of his birth place, now the home of the white man, he was deeply moved. His village where he was born, where he had so happily lived, and where he had hoped to die, was now another's dwelling place, and he was a wanderer. On the next day after his release, he went at once to his tribe and his lodge. His wife was yet living, and with her he passed the remainder of his days. To his credit it may be said that Black Hawk always re mained true to his wife, and served her with a devotion uncommon among the Indians, living with her upward of forty years. Black Hawk now passed his time hunting and fishing. A deep mel ancholy had settled over him from which he could not be freed. At all times when he visited the whites he was received with marked atten tion. He was an honored guest at the old settlers' reunion in Lee County, Illinois, at some of their meetings, and received many tokens of esteem. In September, 1838, while on his way to Rock Island to receive his annuity from the Government, he contracted a severe cold which resulted in a fatal attack of bilious fever which terminated his life on October 3. His faithful wife, who was devotedly attached to him, mourned deeply during his sickness. After his death he was dressed in the uniform pre sented to him by the President while in Washington. He was buried in a grave six feet in depth, situated upon a beautiful eminence. " The THB NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 79 body was placed in the middle of the grave, in a sitting posture, upon a seat constructed for the purpose. On his left side, the cane, given him by Henry Clay, was placed upright, with his right hand resting upon it. Many of the old warrior's trophies were placed in the grave, and some Indian garments, together with his favorite weapons." No sooner was the Black Hawk war concluded than settlers began rapidly to pour into the northern parts of Illinois, and into Wisconsin, now free from Indian depredations. Chicago, from a trading post, had grown to a commercial center, and was rapidly coming into prominence. In 1835, the formation of a State Government in Michigan was discussed, but did not take active form until two years later, when the State became a part of the Federal Union. The main attraction to that portion of the Northwest lying west of Lake Michigan, now included in the State of Wisconsin, was its alluvial wealth. Copper ore was found about Lake Superior. For some time this region was attached to Michigan for judiciary purposes, but in 1836 was made a territory, then including Minnesota and Iowa. The latter State was detached two years later. In 1848, Wisconsin was admitted as a State, Madison being made the capital. We have now traced the various divisions of the Northwest Territory (save a little in Minnesota) from the time it was a unit comprising this vast territory, until circumstances compelled its present division. OTHER INDIAN TROUBLES. Before leaving this part of the narrative, we will narrate briefly the Indian troubles in Minnesota and elsewhere by the Sioux Indians. In August, 1862, the Sioux Indians living on the western borders of Minnesota fell upon the unsuspecting settlers, and in a few hours mas sacred ten or twelve hundred persons. A distressful panic was the immediate result, fully thirty thousand persons fleeing from their homes to districts supposed to be better protected. The military authorities at once took active measures to punish the savages, and a large number were killed and captured. About a year after, Little Crow, the chief, was killed by a Mr. Lampson near Scattered Lake. Of those captured, thirty were hung at Mankato, and the remainder, through fears of mob violence, were removed to Camp McClellan, on the outskirts of the City of Davenport. It was here that Big Eagle came into prominence and secured his release by the following order : 80 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. BIG EAGLE. THB NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 81 "Special Order, No. 430. "War Department, " Adjutant General's Office, Washington, Dec. 3, 1864. "Big Eagle, an Indian now in confinement at Davenport, Iowa, will, upon the receipt of this order, be immediately released from confine ment and set at liberty. " By order of the President of the United States. " Official : " E. D. Townsend, Ass't Adft Gen, " Capt. James Vanderventer, Oom'y Sub. Vols. "Through Com'g Gen'l, Washington, D. C." Another Indian who figures more prominently than Big Eagle, and who was more cowardly in his nature, with his band of Modoc Indians, is noted in the annals of the New Northwest: we refer to Captain Jack. This distinguished Indian, noted for his cowardly murder of Gen. Canby, was a chief of a Modoc tribe of Indians inhabiting the border lands between California and Oregon. This region of country comprises what is known as the " Lava Beds," a tract of land described as utterly impene trable, save by those savages who had made it their home. The Modocs are known as an exceedingly fierce and treacherous race. They had, according to their own traditions, resided here for many generations, and at one time were exceedingly numerous and powerful. A famine carried off nearly half their numbers, and disease, indolence and the vices of the white man have reduced them to a poor, weak and insignificant tribe. Soon after the settlement of California and Oregon, complaints began to be heard of massacres of emigrant trains passing through the Modoc country. In 1847, an emigrant train, comprising eighteen souls, was en tirely destroyed at a place since known as " Bloody Point." These occur rences caused the United States Government to appoint a peace commission, who, after repeated attempts, in 1864, made a treaty with the Modocs, Snakes and Klamaths, in which it was agreed on their part to remove to a reservation set apart for them in the southern part of Oregon. ' With the exception of Captain Jack and a band of his followers, who remained at Clear Lake, about six miles from Klamath, all the Indians complied. The Modocs who went to the reservation were under chief Schonchin. Captain Jack remained at the lake without disturbance until 1869, when he was also induced to remove to the reservation. The Modocs and the Klamaths soon became involved in a quarrel, and Captain Jack and his band retuEned to the Lava Beds. Several attempts were made by the Indian Commissioners to induce them to return to the reservation, and finally becoming involved in a 82 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. difficulty with the commissioner and his military escort, a fight ensued, in which the chief and his band were routed. They were greatly enraged, and on their retreat, before the day closed, killed eleven inoffensive whites. The nation was aroused and immediate action demanded. A com mission was at once appointed by the Government to see what could be done. It comprised the following persons : Gen. E. R. S. Canby, Rev. Dr. E. Thomas, a leading Methodist divine of California; Mr. A. B. Meacham, Judge Rosborough, of California, and a Mr. Dyer, of Oregon. After several interviews, in which the savages were always aggressive, often appearing with scalps in their belts. Bogus Charley came to the commission on the evening of April 10, 1873, and informed them that Capt. Jack and his band would have a " talk " to-morrow at a place near Clear Lake, about three miles distant. Here the Commissioners, accom panied by Charley, Riddle, the interpreter, and Boston Charley repaired. After the usual greeting the council proceedings commenced. On behalf of the Indians there were present : Capt. Jack, Black Jim, Schnac Nasty Jim, Ellen's Man, and Hooker Jim. They had no guns, but carried pis tols. After short speeches by Mr. Meacham, Gen. Canby and Dr. Thomas, Chief Schonchin arose to speak. He had scarcely proceeded when, as if by a preconcerted arrangement, Capt. Jack drew his pistol and shot Gen. Canby dead. In less than a minute a dozen shots were fired by the savages, and the massacre completed. Mr. Meacham was shot by Schon chin, and Dr. Thomas by Boston Charley. Mr. Dyer barely escaped, being fired at twice. Riddle, the interpreter, and his squaw escaped. The troops rushed to the spot where they found Gen. Canby and Dr. Thomas dead, and Mr. Meacham badly wounded. The savages had escaped to their impenetrable fastnesses and could not be pursued. The whole country was aroused by this brutal massacre ; but it was not until the following May that the murderers were brought to justice. At that time Boston Charley gave himself up, and offered to guide the troops to Capt. Jack's stronghold. This led to the capture of his entire gang, a number of whom were murdered by Oregon volunteers while on their way to trial. The remaining Indians were held as prisoners until July when their trial occurred, which led to the conviction of Capt. Jack, Schonchin, Boston Charley, Hooker Jim, Broncho, alias One-Eyed Jim, and Slotuck, who were sentenced to be hanged. These sentences were approved by the President, save in the case of Slotuct and Broncho whose sentences were commuted to imprisonment for life. The others were executed at Fort Klamath, October 3, 1873. These closed the Indian troubles for a time in the Northwest, and for several years the borders of civilization remained in peace. They were again involved in a conflict with the savages about the country of the THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 83 CAPTAIN JACK, THE MODOC CHIEFTAIN. 84 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. Black Hills, in which war the gallant Gen. Custer lost his life. Just now the borders of Oregon and California are again in fear of hostilities ; but as the Government has learned how to deal with the Indians, they will be of short duration. The red man is fast passing away before the march of the white man, and a few more generations will read of the Indians as one of the nations of the past. The Northwest abounds in memorable places. We have generally noticed them in the narrative, but our space forbids their description in detail, save of the most important places. Detroit, Cincinnati, Vincennes, Kaskaskia and their kindi-ed towns have aH been described. But ere we ' leave the narrative we will present our readers with an account of the Kinzie house, the old landmark of Chicago, and the discovery of the source of the Mississippi River, each of which may well find a place in the annals of the Northwest. Mr. John Kinzie, of the Kinzie house, represented in the illustra tion, established a trading house at Fort Dearborn in 1804. The stockade had been erected the year previous, and named Fort Dearborn in honor of the Secretary of War. It had a block house at each of the two angles, on the southern side a sallyport, a covered way on the north side, that led down to the river, for the double purpose of providing means of escape, and of procuring water in the event of a siege. Fort Dearborn stood on the south bank of the Chicago River, about half a mile from its mouth. When Major Whistler built it, his soldiers hauled all the timber, for he had no oxen, and so economically did he work that the fort cost the Government only fifty dollars. For a while the garrison could get no grain, and Whistler and his men subsisted on acorns. Now Chicago is the greatest grain center in the world. Mr. Kinzie bought the hut of the first settler, Jean Baptiste Point au Sable, on the site' of which he erected his mansion. Within an inclosure in front he planted some Lombardy poplars, seen in the engraving, and in the rear he soon had a fine garden and growing orchard. In 1812 the Kinzie house and its surroundings became the theater of stirring events. The garrison of Fort Dearborn consisted of fifty-four men, under the charge of Capt. Nathan Heald, assisted by Lieutenant Lenai T. Helm (son-in-law to Mrs. Kinzie), and Ensign Ronan. The surgeon was Dr. Voorhees. The only residents at the post at that time were the wives of Capt. Heald and Lieutenant Helm and a few of the soldiers, Mr. Kinzie and his family, and a few Canadian voyagers with their wives and children. The soldiers and Mr. Kinzie were on the most friendly terms with the Pottawatomies and the Winnebagoes, the prin cipal tribes around them, but they could not win them from their attach ment to the British. THB NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 85 After the battle of Tippecanoe it was observed that some of the lead ing chiefs became sullen, for some of their people had perished in that conflict with American troops. One evening in April, 1812, Mr. Kinzie sat playing his violin and his children were dancing to the music, when Mrs. Kinzie came rushing into the house pale with terror, and exclaiming, " The Indians ! the Indians ! " " What? Where ? " eagerly inquired Mr. Kinzie. " Up at Lee's, killing and scalping," answered the frightened mother, who, when the alarm was given, was attending Mrs. Burns, a newly-made mother, living not far off. KTNZlE HOUSE. Mr. Kinzie and his family crossed the river in boats, and took refuge in the fort, to which place Mrs. Burns and her infant, not a day old, were conveyed in safety to the shelter of the guns of Fort Dearborn, and the rest of the white inhabitants fled. The Indians were a scalping party of Winnebagoes, who hovered around the fort some days, when they dis appeared, and for several weeks the inhabitants were not disturbed by alarms. Chicago was then so deep in the wilderness, that the news of the declaration of war against Great Britain, made on the 19th of June, 1812, did not reach the commander of the garrison at Fort Dearborn till the 7th of August. Now the fast mail train will carry a man from New York to Chicago in twenty-seven hours, and such a declaration might be sent, every word, by the telegraph in less than the same number of minutes. THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. PRESENT CONDITION OF THE NORTHWEST,. 87 Preceding chapters have brought us to the close of the Black Hawk war, and we now turn to the contemplation of the growth and prosperity of the Northwest under the smile of peace and the blessings of our civili zation. The pioneers of this region date events back to the deep snow '«t.' i' • -VT *¦» * A EEPEESENTATIVE PIONEEE. h of 1831, no one arriving here since that date taking first honors. The inciting cause of the immigration which overflowed the prairies early in the '30s was the reports of the marvelous beauty and fertility of the region distributed through the East by those who had participated in the Black Hawk campaign with Gen. Scott. Chicago and Milwaukee then had a few hundred inhabitants, and Gurdon S. Hubbard's trail from the former city to Kaskaskia led almost through a wilderness. Vegetables and clothing were largely distributed through the regions adjoining the 88 tHE SOfeTHWEST TERRITORY. lakes by steamers from the Ohio towns. There are men now living in Illinois who came to the state when barely an acre was in cultivation, and a man now prominent in the business circles of Chicago looked over the swampy, cheerless site of that metropolis in 1818 and went south ward into civilization. Emigrants from Pennsylvania in 1830 left behind LINCOLN MONUMENT, SPEINGEIBLD, ILLINOIS. them but one small railway in the coal regions, thirty miles in length, and made their way to the Northwest mostly with ox teams, finding in Northern Illinois petty settlements scores of miles apart, although the southern portion of the state was fairly dotted with farms. The water courses of the lakes and rivers furnished transportation to the second great army of immigrants, and about 1850 railroads were pushed to that extent that the crisis of 1837 was precipitated upon us, THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 89 from the effects of which the Western country had not fully recovered at the outbreak of the war. Hostilities found the colonists of the prairies fully alive to the demands of the occasion, and the honor of recruiting 1^COU oB Oo a o o the vast armies of the Union fell largely to Gov. Yates, of Illinois, and Gov. Morton, of Indiana. To recount the share of the glories of the campaign won by oiir Western troops is a needless task, except to mention the fact that Illinois gave to the nation the President who saved 90 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. it, and sent out at the head of one of its regiments tne general who led its armies to the final victory at Appomattox. The struggle, on the '^S'^hkci mm^ FAKM VIEW IN WINTBE. whole, had a marked effect for the better on the new Northwest, gi dng, it an impetus which twenty years of peace would not have produced. In a large degree this prosperity was an inflated one, and with the rest of the Union we have since been compelled to atone therefor by four THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 91 SPEING SCENE. -y .1 t: ri» 1^^ ^?•SP-J 'Sai^'JR^^?*- -' -^ V THB NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 93 years of depression of values, of scarcity of employment, and loss of fortune. To a less degree, however, than the manufacturing or mining regions has the West suffered during the prolonged panic now so near its end. Agriculture, still the leading feature in our industries, has been quite prosperous through all these dark years, and the farmers have cleared away man)'- incumbrances resting over them from the period of fictitious -values. The population has steadily increased, the arts and sciences are gaining a stronger foothold, the trade area of the region is becoming daily more extended, and we have been largely exempt from the financial calamities which have nearly wrecked communities on the seaboard dependent wholly on foreign commerce or domestic manufacture. At the present period there are no great schemes broached for the Northwest, no propositions for government subsidies or national works of improvement, but the capital of the world is attracted hither for the purchase of our products or the expansion of our capacity for serving the nation at large. A new era, is dawning as to transportation, and we bid fair to deal almost exclusively with the increasing and expanding lines of steel rafl. running through every few miles of territory on the prairies. The lake marine will no doubt continue to be useful in the warmer season, and to serve as a regulator of freight rates ; but experienced navigators, forecast the decay of the system in moving to the seaboard the enormous crops of the West. Within the past five years it has become quite common to see direct shipments to Europe and the West Indies going through from the second-class towns along the Mississippi and Missouri. As to popular education, the standard has of late risen very greatly, and our schools would be creditable to any section of the Union. More and more as the events of the war pass into obscurity will the fate of the Northwest be linked with that of the Southwest, and the next Congressional apportionment will give the valley of the Mississippi absolute control of the legislation of the nation, and do much toward securing the removal of the Federal capitol to some more central location. Our public men continue to wield the full share of influence pertain ing to their rank in the national autonomy, and seem not to forget that for the past sixteen years they and their constituents have dictated the principles which should govern the country. In a work like this, destined to lie on the shelves of the library for generations, and not doomed to daily destruction like a newspaper, one can not indulge in the same glowing predictions, the sanguine statements of actualities that fill the columns of ephemeral publications. Time may bring grief to the pet projects of a writer, and explode castles erected on a pedestal of facts. Yet there are unmistakable indications before us of 94 ' fli-f ¦BE u , •C 1 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. I f L ^ I ijpiii . *"- .;x .^\ / -¦=?: ;^^A, ^:^ '^.^ if fm' '^ :sSra*^ '** 1- " ."^ y* /^ iC '-% -— ajtH / ,>/'. / 1 /« -^' ,00*l'*S7C^~\ niRffltr>. THB NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 95 the same radical change in our great Northwest which characterizes its history for the past thirty years. Our domain has a sort of natural geographical border, save where it melts away to the southward in the cattle raising districts of the southwest. Our prime interest will for some years doubtless be the growth of the food of the world, in which branch it has already outstripped all competitors, and our great rival in this duty will naturally be the fertile plains of Kansas, Nebraska and Colorado, to say nothing of the new empire so rapidly growing up in Texas. Over these regions there is a continued progress in agriculture and in railway building, and we must look to our laurels. Intelligent observers of events are fully aware of the strides made in the way of shipments of fresh meats to Europe, many of these ocean cargoes being actually slaughtered in the West and transported on ice to the wharves of the seaboard cities. That this new enterprise will continue there is no reason to doubt. There are in Chicago several factories for the canning of prepared meats for European consumption, and the orders for this class of goods are already immense. English capital is becoming daily more and more dissatisfied with railway loans and investments, and is gradually seeking mammoth outlays in lands and live stock. The stock yards in Chicago, Indianapolis and East St. Louis are yearly increasing their facilities, and their plant steadily grows more valuable. Importations of blooded animals from the pro gressive countries of Europe are destined to greatly improve the quality of our beef and mutton. Nowhere is there to be seen a more enticing display in this line than at our state and county fairs, and the interest in the matter is on the increase. To attempt to give statistics of our grain production for 1877 would be useless, so far have we surpassed ourselves in the quantity and quality of our product. We are too liable to forget that we are giving the world its first article of necessity — its food supply. An opportunity to learn this fact so it never can be forgotten was' afforded at Chicago at the outbreak of the great panic of 1873, when Canadian purchasers, fearing the prostration of business might bring about an anarchical condition of affairs, went to that city with coin in bulk and foreign drafts to secure their supplies in their own currency at first hands. It may be justly claimed by the agricultural community that their combined efforts gave the nation its first impetus toward a restoration of its crippled industries, and their labor brought the gold premium to a lower depth than the government was able to reach hj its most intense efforts of legislation ^ and compulsion. The hundreds of millions about to be disbursed for farm products have already, by the anticipation common to all commercial 96 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. nations, set the wheels in motion, and will relieve us from the perils so long shadowing our efforts to return to a healthy tone. Manufacturing has attained in the chief cities a foothold which bids fair to render the Northwest independent of the outside world. Nearly ^ \ our whole region has a distribution of coal measures which will in time support the manufactures necessary to our comfort and prosperity. As to transportation, the chief factor in the production of all articles excep*^ food, no section is so magnificently endowed, and our facilities are yearly increasing beyond those of any other region. THB NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 97 The period from a central point of the war to the outbreak of the panic was marked by a tremendous growth in our railway lines, but the depression of the times caused almost a total suspension of operations. Now that prosperity is returning to our stricken country we witness its anticipatipn by the railroad interest in a series of projects, extensions, and leases which bid fair to largely increase our transportation facilities. The process of foreclosure and sale of incumbered lines is another matter to be considered. In the case of the Illinois Central road, which formerly transferred to other lines at Cairo the vast burden of freight destined for the Gulf region, we now see the incorporation of the tracks connecting through to New Orleans, every mile co-operating in turning toward the northwestern metropolis the weight of the inter-state commerce of a thousand miles or more of fertile plantations. Three competing routes to Texas have established in Chicago their general freight and p&,ssenger agencies. Four or five lines compete for all Pacific freights to a point as as far as the interior of Nebraska. Half a dozen or more splendid bridge structures have been thrown across the Missouri and Mississippi Rivers by the railways. The Chicago and Northwestern line has become an aggre gation of over two thousand miles of rail, and the Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul is its close rival in extent and importance. The three lines running to Cairo via Vincennes form a through route for all traffic with the states to the southward. The chief projects now under discussion are the Chicago and Atlantic, which is to unite with lines now built to Charleston, and the Chicago and Canada Southern, which Hne will con nect with all the various branches of that Canadian enterprise. Our latest new road is the Chicago and Lake Huron, formed of three lines, and entering the city from Valparaiso on the Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne and Chicago track. The trunk lines being mainly in operation, the progress made in the way of shortening tracks, making air-line branches, and running extensions does not show to the advantage it deserves, as this process is constantly adding new facilities to the established order of things. The panic reduced the price of steel to a point where the railways could hardly afford to use iron rails, and all our northwestern lines report large relays of Bessemer track. The immense crops now being moved have given a great rise to the value of railway stocks, and their transportation must result in heavy pecuniary advantages. Few are aware of the importance of the wholesale and jobbing trade of Chicago. One leading firm has since the panic sold 124,000,000 of dry goods in one year, and they now expect most confidently to add seventy per cent, to the figures of their last year's business. In boots and shoes and in clothing, twenty or more great firms from the east have placed here their distributing agents or their factories ; and in groceries 98 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. Chicago supplies the entire Northwest at rates presenting advantages over New York. Chicago has stepped in between New York and the rural banks as a financial center, and scarcely a banking institution in the grain or cattle regions but keeps its reserve funds in the vaults of our commercial insti tutions. Accumulating here throughout the spring and summer months, they are summoned home at pleasure to move the products of the prairies. This process greatly strengthens the northwest in its financial operations, leaving home capital to supplement local operations on behalf of home interests. It is impossible to forecast the destiny of this grand and growing section of the Union. Figures and predictions made at this date might seem ten years hence so ludicrously small as to excite only derision. '^^^^SSS^^^' ILLINOIS. Length, 380 miles, mean width about 156 miles. Area, 55,410 square miles, or 35,462,400 acres. Illinois, as regards its surface, constitutes a table-land at a varying elevation ranging between 350 and 800 feet above the sea level ; composed of extensive and highly fertile prairies and plains. Much of the south division of the State, especially the river-bottoms, are thickly wooded. The prairies, too, have oasis-like clumps of trees scattered here and there at intervals. The chief rivers irrigating the State are the Mississippi — dividing it from Iowa and Missouri — the Ohio (forming its south barrier), the Illinois, Wabash, Kaskaskia, and San gamon, with their numerous affluents. The total extent of navigable streams is calculated at 4,000 miles- Small lakes are scattered over vari ous parts of the State. Illinois is extremely prolific in minerals, chiefly coal, iron, copper, and zinc ores, sulphur and limestone. The coal-field alone is estimated to absorb a full third of the entire coal-deposit of North America. Climate tolerably equable and healthy ; the mean temperature standing at about 51° Fahrenheit As an agricultural region, Illinois takes a competitive rank with neighboring States; the cereals, fruits, and root- crops yielding plentiful returns ; in fact, as a grain-growing State, Illinois may be deemed, in proportion to her size, to possess a greater area of lands suitable for its production than any other State in the Union. Stock- raising is also largely carried on, while her manufacturing interests in regard of woolen fabrics, etc., are on a very extensive and yearly expand ing scale. The lines of railroad in the State are among the most exten sive of the Union. Inland water-carriage is facilitated by a canal connecting the Illinois River with Lake Michigan, and thence with the St. Lawrence and Atlantic. Illinois is divided into 102 counties ; the chief towns being Chicago, Springfield (capital), Alton, Quincy, Peoria, Galena, Bloomington, Rock Island, Vandalia, etc. By the new Consti tution, established in 1870, the State Legislature consists of 51 Senators, elected for four years, and 153 Representatives, for two years ; which numbers were to be decennially increased thereafter to the number of six per every additional half-million of inhabitants. Religious and educational institutions are largely diffused throughout, and are in a very flourishing condition. Illinois has a State Lunatic and a Deaf and Dumb Asylum at Jacksonville ; a State Penitentiary at Joliet ; and a Home for (99) 100 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. Soldiers' Orphans at Normal. On November 30, 1870, the public debt of the State was returned at $4,870,937, with a balance of 11,808,833 unprovided for. At the same period the value of assessed aud equalized property presented the following totals : assessed, $840,031,703 ; equal ized 1480,664,058. The name of Illinois, through nearly the whole of the eighteenth century, embraced most of the known regions north and west of Ohio. French colonists estabhshed themselves in 1673, at Cahokia and Kaskaskia, and the territory of which these settlements formed the nucleus was, in 1763, ceded to Great Britain in conjunction with Canada, and ultimately resigned to the United States in 1787. Illinois entered the Union as a State, December 3, 1818; and now sends 19 Representatives to Congress. Population, 2,539,891, in 1870. A WESTEEN DWELLING. THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. lOl INDIANA. The proflle of Indiana forms a nearly exact parallelogram, occupy ing one of the most fertile portions of the great Mississippi Valley. The greater extent of the surface embraced within its limits consists of gentle undulations rising into hilly tracts toward the Ohio bottom. The chief rivers of the State are the Ohio and Wabash, with their numerous affluents. The soil is highly productive of the cereals and grasses — most particularly so in the valleys of the Ohio, Wabash, Whitewater, and White Rivers. The northeast and central portions are well timbered with virgin forests, and the west section is notably rich in coal, constitut ing an offshoot of the great Illinois carboniferous field. Iron, copper, marble, slate, gypsum, and various clays are also abundant. From an agricultural point of view, the staple products are maize and wheat, with the other cereals in lesser yields ; and besides these, flax, hemp, sorghum, hops, etc., are extensively raised. Indiana is divided into 92 counties, and counts among her principal cities and towns, those of Indianapolis (the capital), Fort Wayne, Evansville, Terre Haute, Madison, Jefferson ville, Columbus, Vincennes, South Bend, etc. The public institutions of the State are many and various, and on a scale of magnitude and efficiency commensurate with her important political and industrial status. Upward of two thousand miles of railroads permeate the State in all directions, and greatly conduce to the development of her expanding manufacturing interests. Statistics for the flscal year terminating October 31, 1870, exhibited a total of receipts, $3,896,541 as against dis bursements, $3,532,406, leaving a balance, $364,135 in favor of the State Treasury. The entire public debt, January 5, 1871, $3,971,000. This State was first settled by Canadian voyageurs in 1702, who erected a fort at Vincennes ; in 1763 it passed into the hands of the English, and was by the latter ceded to the United States in 1783. From 1788 till 1791, an Indian warefare prevailed. In 1800, all the region west and north of Ohio (then formed into a distinct territory) became merged in Indiana. In 1809, the present limits of the State were defined, Michigan and Illinois having previously been withdrawn. In 1811, Indiana was the theater of the Indian War of Tecumseh, ending with the decisive battle of Tippecanoe. In 1816 (December 11), Indiana became enrolled among the States of the American Union. In 1834, the State passed through a monetary crisis owing to its having become mixed up with railroad, canal, and other speculations on a gigantic scale, which ended, for the time being, in a general collapse of public credit, and consequent bank ruptcy. Since that time, however, the greater number of the public 102 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. works which had brought about that imbroglio — especially the great Wabash and Erie Canal — have been completed, to the great benefit of the State, whose subsequent progress has year by year been marked by rapid strides in the paths of wealth, commerce, and general social aud political prosperity. The constitution now in force was adopted in 1851. Population, 1,680^637. IOWA. In shape, Iowa presents an almost perfect parallelogram; has a length, north to south, of about 300 miles, by a pretty even width of 208 miles, and embraces an area of 55,045 square miles, or 35,228,800 acres. The surface of the State is generally undulating, rising toward the middle into an elevated plateau which forms the " divide " of the Missouri and Mississippi basins. Rolling prairies, especially in the south section, constitute a regnant feature, and the river bottoms, belted with woodlands, present a soil of the richest alluvion. Iowa is well watered ; the principal rivers being the Mississippi and Missouri, which form respectively its east and west limits, and the Cedar, Iowa, and Des Moines, affluents of the first named. Mineralogically, Iowa is important as occupying a section of the great Northwest coal field, to the extent of an area estimated at 25,000 square miles. Lead, copper, zinc, and iron, are also mined in considerable quantities. The soil is well adapted to the production of wheat, maize, and the other cereals : fruits, vegetables, and esculent roots; maize, wheat, and oats forming the chief staples. Wine, tobacco, hops, and wax, are other noticeable items of the agricul tural yield. Cattle-raising, too, is a branch of rural industry largely engaged in. The climate is healthy, although liable to extremes of heat and cold. The annual gross product of the various manufactures carried on in this State approximate, in round numbers, a sum of $20,000,000. Iowa has an immense railroad system, besides over 500 miles of water- communication by means of its navigable rivers. The State is politically divided into 99 counties, with the following centers of population : Des Moines (capital), Iowa City (former capital), Dubuque, Davenport, Bur lington, Council Bluffs, Keokuk, Muscatine, and Cedar Rapids. The State institutions of Iowa — religious, scholastic, and philanthropic — are on a par, as regards number and perfection of organization aud operation, with those of her Northwest sister States, and education is especially well cared for, and largely diffused. Iowa formed a portion of the American territorial acquisitions from France, by the so-called Louisiana purchase in 1803, and was politically identified with Louisiana till 1812, THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 103 when it merged into the Missouri Territory; in 1834 it came under the Michigan organization, and, in 1836, under that of Wisconsin. Finally, after being constituted an independent Territory, it became a State of the Union, December 28, 1846. Population in 1860, 674,913 ; in 1870, 1,191,792, and in 1876, 1,353,118. MICHIGAN. United area, 56,243 square miles, or 35,995,520 acres. Extent of the Upper and smaller Peninsula — length, 316 miles ; breadth, fluctuating between 36 and 120 miles. The south division is 416 miles long, by from 50 to 300 miles wide. Aggregate lake-shore line, 1,400 miles. The Upper, or North, Peninsula consists chiefly of an elevated plateau, expanding into the Porcupine mountain-system, attaining a maximum height of some 2,000 feet. Its shores along Lake Superior are eminently bold and picturesque, and its area is rich in minerals, its product of copper constituting an important source of industry. Both divisions are heavily wooded, and the South one, in addition, boasts of a deep, rich, loamy soil, throwing up excellent crops of cereals and other agricultural produce. The climate is generally mild and humid, though the Winter colds are severe. The chief staples of farm husbandry include the cereals, grasses, maple sugar, sorghum, tobacco, fruits, and dairy-stuffs. In 1870, the acres of land in farms were : improved, 5,096,939 ; unimproved woodland, 4,080,146 ; other unimproved land, 842,057. The cash value of land was $398,240,578 ; of farming implements and machinery, $13,711,979. In 1869, there were shipped from the Lake Superior ports, 874,582 tons of iron ore, and 45,762 of smelted pig, along with 14,188 tons of copper (ore and ingot). Coal is another article largely mined. Inland communication is provided for by an admirably organized railroad system, and by the St. Mary's Ship Canal, connecting Lakes Huron and Superior. Michigan is politically divided into 78 counties ; its chief urban centers are Detroit, Lansing (capital), Ann Arbor, Marquette, Bay City, Niles, Ypsilanti, Grand Haven, etc. The Governor of the State is elected biennially. On November 30, 1870, the aggregate bonded debt of Michigan amounted to $2,385,028, and the assessed valuation of land to $266,929,278, representing an estimated cash value of $800,000,000. Education is largely diffused and most excellently conducted and pro vided for. The State University at Ann Arbor, the colleges of Detroit and Kalamazoo, the Albion Female College, the State IJformal School at Ypsilanti, and the State Agricultural College at Lansing, are chief among the academic institutions. Michigan (a term of Chippeway origin, and 104 The northwest territory. signifying " Great Lake), was discovered and first settled by French Canadians, who, in 1670, founded Detroit, the pioneer of a series of trad ing-posts on the Indian frontier. During the " Conspiracy of Pontiac," following the French loss of Canada, Michigan became the scene of a sanguinary struggle between the whites and aborigines. In 1796, it became annexed to the United States, which incorporated this region with the Northwest Territory, and then with Indiana Territory, till 1803, when it became territorially independent. Michigan was the theater of warlike operations during the war of 1812 with Great Britain, and in 1819 was authorized to be represented by one delegate in Congress ; in 1837 she was admitted into the Union as a State, and in 1869 ratified the 15th Amendment to the Federal Constitution. Population, 1,184,059. WISCONSIN. It has a mean length of 260 miles, and a maximum breadth of 215. Land area, 53,924 square miles, or 34,511,360 acres. Wisconsin lies at a considerable altitude above sea-level, and consists for the most part of an upland plateau, the surface of which is undulating and very generally diversified. Numerous local eminences called mounds are interspersed over the State, and the Lake Michigan coast-line is in many parts char acterized by lofty escarped cliffs, even as on the west side the banks of the Mississippi form a series of high and picturesque bluffs. A group of islands known as The Apostles lie off the extreme north point of the State in Lake Superior, and the great estuary of Green Bay, running far inland, gives formation to a long, narrow peninsula between its waters and those of Lake Michigan. The river-system of Wisconsin has three outlets — those of Lake Superior, Green Bay, and the Mississippi, which latter stream forms the entire southwest frontier, widening at one point into the large watery expanse called Lake Pepin. Lake Superior receives the St. Louis, Burnt Wood, and Montreal Rivers ; Green Bay, the Menomouee, Peshtigo, Oconto, and Fox ; while into the Mississippi empty the St. Croix, Chippewa, Black, Wisconsin, and Rock Rivers. The chief interior lakes are those of Winnebago, Horicon, and Court Oreilles, and smaller sheets of water stud a great part of the surface. The climate is healthful, with cold Winters and brief but very warm Summers. Mean annual rainfall 31 inches. The geological system represented by the State, embraces those rocks included between the primary and the Devonian series, the former containing extensive deposits of copper and iron ore. Besides these minerals, lead and zinc are found in great quantities, together with kaolin, plumbago, gypsum, THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. 105 and various clays. Mining, consequently, forms a prominent industry, and one of yearly increasing dimensions. The soil of Wisconsin is of varying quality, but fertile on the whole, and in the north parts of the State heavily timbered. The agricultural yield comprises the cereals, together with flax, hemp, tobacco, pulse, sorgum, and all kinds of vege tables, and of the hardier fruits. In 1870, the State had a total number of 102,904 farms, occupying 11,715,321 acres, of which 5,899,343 con sisted of improved land, and 3,437,442 were timbered. Cash value of farms, $300,414,064 ; of farm implements and machinery, $14,239,364. Total estimated value of all farm products, including betterments and additions to stock, $78,027,032 ; of orchard and dairy stuffs, $1,045,933 ; of lumber, $1,327,618 ; of home manufactures, $338,423 ; of all live-stock, $45,310,882. Number of manufacturing establishments, 7,136, employ ing 39,055 hands, and turning out productions valued at $85,624,966. The political divisions of the State form 61 counties, and the chief places of wealth, trade, and population, are Madison (the capital), Milwaukee, Fond du Lac, Oshkosh, Prairie du Chien, Janesville, Portage City, Racine, Kenosha, and La Crosse. In 1870, the total assessed valuation reached $333,209,838, as against a true valuation of both real and personal estate aggregating $602,207,329. Treasury receipts during 1870, $886,- 696 ; disbursements, $906,329. Value of church property, $4,749,983. Education is amply provided for. Independently of the State University at Madison, and those of Galesville and of Lawrence at Appleton, and the colleges of Beloit, Racine, and Milton, there are Normal Schools at Platteville and Whitewater. The State is divided into 4,802 common school districts, maintained at a cost, in 1870, of $2,094,160. The chari table institutions of Wisconsin include a Deaf and Dumb Asylum, an Institute for the Education of the Blind, and a Soldiers' Orphans' School. In January, 1870, the railroad system ramified throughout the State totalized 2,779 miles of track, including several lines far advanced toward completion. Immigration is successfully encouraged by the State author ities, the larger number of yearly new-comers being of Scandinavian and German origin. The territory now occupied within the limits of the State of Wisconsin was explored by French missionaries and traders in 1639, and it remained under French jurisdiction until 1703, when it became annexed to the British North American possessions. In 1796, it reverted to the United States, the government of which latter admitted it within the limits of the Northwest Territory, and in 1809, attached it to that of Illinois, and to Michigan in 1818. Wisconsin became independ ently territorially organized in 1836, and became a State of the Union, March 3, 1847. Population in 1870, 1,064,985, of which 2,113 were of the colored race, and 11,521 Indians, 1,206 of the latter being out of tribal relations. 106 THE Northwest territory. MINNESOTA. Its length, north to south, embraces an extent of 380 miles; its breadth one of 250 miles at a maximum. Area, 84,000 square miles, or 54,760,000 acres. The surface of Minnesota, generally speaking, con sists of a succession of gently undulating plains and prairies, drained by an admirable water-system, and with here and there heavily- timbered bottoms and belts of virgin forest. The soil, corresponding with such a superfices, is exceptionally rich, consisting for the most part of a dark, calcareous sandy drift intermixed with loam. A distinguishing physical feature of this State is its riverine ramifications, expanding in nearly every part of it into almost innumerable lg,kes — the whole presenting an aggregate of water-power having hardly a rival in the Union. Besides the Mississippi — which here has its rise, and drains a basin of 800 miles of country — the principal streams are the Minnesota (334 miles long), the Red River of the North, the St. Croix, St. Louis, and many others of lesser importance ; the chief lakes are those called Red, Cass, Leech, Mille Lacs, Vermillion, and Winibigosh. Quite a concatenation of sheets of water fringe the frontier line where Minnesota joins British America, culminating in the Lake of the Woods. It has been estimated, that of an area of 1,200,000 acres of surface between the St. Croix and Mis sissippi Rivers, not less than 73,000 acres are of lacustrine formation. In point of minerals, the resources of Minnesota have as yet been very imperfectly developed ; iron, copper, coal, lead — all these are known to exist in considerable deposits ; together with salt, limestone, and potter's clay. The agricultural outlook of the State is in a high degree satis factory ; wheat constitutes the leading cereal in cultivation, with Indian corn and oats in next order. Fruits and vegetables are grown in great plenty and of excellent quality. The lumber resources of Minnesota are important ; the pine forests in the north region alone occupying an area of some 21,000 square miles, which in 1870 produced a return of scaled logs amounting to 313,116,416 feet. The natural industrial advantages possessed by Minnesota are largely improved upon by a railroad system. The political divisions of this State number 78 counties; of which the chief cities and towns are : St. Paul (the capital), Stillwater, Red Wing, St. Anthony, Fort Snelling, Minneapolis, and Mankato. Minnesota has already assumed an attitude of high importance as a manufacturing State; this is mainly due to the wonderful command of water-power she pos sesses, as before spoken of. Besides her timber-trade, the milling of floiir, the distillation of whisky, and the tanning of leather, are prominent interests, which, in 1869, gave returns to the amount of $14,831,0'!i:3. tHfi NORTHWEST TERRlTORtT. 107 Education is notably provided for on a broad and catholic scale, the entire amount expended scholastically during the year 1870 being $857,- 816 ; while on November 30 of the preceding year the permanent school fund stood at $2,476,222. Besides a University and Agricultural College, Normal and Reform Schools flourish, and with these may be mentioned such various philanthropic and religious institutions as beflt the needs of an intelligent and prosperous community. The finances of the State for the fiscal year terminating December 1, 1870, exhibited a balance on the right side to the amount of $136,164, being a gain of $44,000 over the previous year's figures. The earliest exploration of Minnesota by the whites was made in 1680 by a French Franciscan, Father Hennepin, who gave the name of St. Antony to the Great Falls on the Upper Missisippi. In 1763, the Treaty of Versailles ceded this region to England. Twenty years later, Minnesota formed part of the Northwest Territory transferred to the United States, and became herself territorialized inde pendently in 1849. Indian cessions in 1851 enlarged her boundaries, and, May 11, 1857, Minnesota became a unit of the great American federation of States. Population, 439,706. NEBRASKA. Maximum length, 412 miles ; extreme breadth, 208 miles. Area, 75,905 square miles, or 48,636,800 acres. The surface of this State is almost entirely undulating prairie, and forms part of the west slope of the great central basin of the North American Continent. In its west division, near the base of the Rocky Mountains, is a sandy belt of country, irregularly defined. In this part, too, are the " dunes," resem bling a wavy sea of sandy billows, as well as the Mauvaises Terres, a tract of singular formation, produced by eccentric disintegrations and denuda tions of the land. The chief rivers are the Missouri, constituting its en tire east line of demarcation ; the Nebraska or Platte, the Niobrara, the Republican Fork of the Kansas, the Elkhorn, and the Loup Fork of the Platte. The soil is very various, but consisting chiefly of rich, bottomy loam, admirably adapted to the raising of heavy crops of cereals. All the vegetables and fruits of the temperate zone are produced in great size and plenty. For grazing purposes Nebraska is a State exceptionally well fitted, a region of not less than 23,000,000 acres being adaptable to this branch of husbandry. It is believed that the, as yet, comparatively infertile tracts of land found in various parts of the State are susceptible of productivity by means of a properly conducted system of irrigation. Few minerals of moment have so far been found within the limits of 108 THE NORTHWEST TERRITORY. Nebraska, if we may except important saline deposits at the head of Salt Creek in its southeast section. The State is divided into 57 counties, independent of the Pawnee and Winnebago Indians, and of unorganized territory in the northwest part. The principal towns are Omaha, Lincoln (State capital), Nebraska City, Columbus, Grand Island, etc. In 1870, the total assessed value of property amounted to $53,000,000, being an increase of $11,000,000 over the previous year's returns. The total amount received from the school-fund during the year 1869-70 was $77,999. Education is making great onward strides, the State University and an Agricultural College being far advanced toward completion. In the matter of railroad communication, Nebraska bids fair to soon place herself on a par with her neighbors to the east. Besides being inter sected by the Union Pacific line, with its off-shoot, the Fremont and Blair, other tracks are in course of rapid construction. Organized by Con gressional Act into a Territory, May 30, 1854, Nebraska entered the Union as a full State, March 1, 1867. Population, 122,993. HUNTING PRAIElE WOLVES IN AN EAKLY DAT. Early History of Illinois. The name of this beautiful Prairie State is derived from Illini, a Delaware word signifying Superior Men. It has a French termination, and is a symbol of how the two races — the French and the Indians — were intermixed during the early history of the country. The appellation was no doubt well applied to the primitive inhabit ants of the soil whose prowess in savage warfare long withstood the combined attacks of the fierce Iroquois on the one side, and the no less savage and relentless Sacs and Foxes on the other. Th« Illinois were once a powerful confederacy, occupying the most beautiful and fertile region in the great Valley of the Mississippi, which their enemies coveted and struggled long and hard to wrest from them. By the fortunes of war they were diminished in numbers, and finally destroyed. " Starved Rock," on the Illinois River, according to tradition, commemorates their last tragedy, where, it is said, the entii-e tribe starved rather than sur render. EARLY DISCOVERIES. The first European discoveries in Illinois date back over two hun dred years. They are a part of that movement which, from the begin ning to the middle of the seventeenth century, brought the French Canadian missionaries and fur traders into the Valley of the Mississippi, and which, at a later period, established the civil and ecclesiastical authority of France from the Gulf of St. Lawrence to the Gulf of Mexico, and from the foot-hills of the AUeghanies to the Rocky Mountains. The great river of the West had been discovered by DeSoto, the Spanish conqueror of Florida, three quarters of a century before the French founded Quebec in 1608, but the Spanish left the country a wil derness, without further exploration or settlement within its borders, in which condition it remained until the Mississippi was discovered by the agents of the French Canadian government, Joliet and Marquette, in 1673. These renowned explorers were not the first white visitors to Illinois, In 1671 — two years in advance of them — came Nicholas Perrot to Chicago. He had been sent by Talon as an agent of the Canadian government to log no flISTORY OF THE SlATB OF ILLINOIS. HISTOEY OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS. Ill call a great peace convention of Western Indians at Green Bay, prepara tory to the movement for the discovery of the Mississippi. It was deemed a good stroke of policy to secure, as far as possible, the friend ship and co-operation of the Indians, far and near, before venturing upon an enterprise which their hostility might render disastrous, and which their friendship and assistance would do so much to make successful ; and to this end Perrot was sent to call together in council the tribes throughout the Northwest, and to promise them the commerce and pro tection of the French government. He accordingly arrived at Green Bay in 1671, and procuring an escort of Pottawattamies, proceeded in a bark canoe upon a visit to the Miamis, at Chicago. Perrot was there fore the first European to set foot upon the soil of Illinois. Still there were others before Marquette. In 1672, the Jesuit mis sionaries. Fathers Claude AUouez and Claude Dablon, bore the standard of the Cross from their mission at Green Bay through western Wisconsin and northern Illinois, visiting the Foxes on Fox River, and the Masquo- tines and Kickapoos at the mouth of the Milwaukee. These missionaries penetrated on the route afterwards followed by Marquette as far as the Kickapoo viUage at the head of Lake Winnebago, where Marquette, in his journey, secured guides across the portage to the Wisconsin. The oft-repeated story of Marquette and Joliet is well known. They were the agents employed by the Canadian government to discover the Mississippi. Marquette was a native of France, born in 1637, a Jesuit priest by education, and a man of simple faith and of great zeal and devotion in extending the Roman Catholic religion among the Indians. Arriving in Canada in 1666, he was sent as a missionary to the far Northwest, and, in 1668, founded a mission at Sault Ste. Marie. The following year he moved to La Pointe, in Lake Superior, where he instructed a branch of the Hurons till 1670, when he removed south, and founded the mission at St. Ignace, on the Straits of Mackinaw. Here he remained, devoting a portion of his time to the study of the Illinois language under a native teacher who had accompanied him to the mission from La Pointe, till he was joined by Joliet in the Spring of 1673. By the way of Green Bay and the Fox and Wisconsin Rivers, they entered the Mississippi, which they explored to the mouth of the Arkansas, and returned by the way of the Illinois and Chicago Rivers to Lake Michigan. On his way up the Illinois, Marquette visited the great village of the Kaskaskias, near what is 'now Utica, in the county of LaSalle. The following year he returned and established among them the mission of the Immaculate Virgin Mary, which was the flrst Jesuit mission founded in Illinois and in the Mississippi Valley. The intervening winter he had spent in a hut which his companions erected on the Chicago River, a few leagues from its mouth. The founding of this mission was the last 112 HISTORY OF THB STATE OF ILLINOIS. act of Marquette's life. He died in Michigan, on his way back to Green Bay, May 18, 1675. FIRST FRENCH OCCUPATION. The first French occupation of the territory now embraced in Illi nois was effected by LaSalle in 1680, seven years after the time of Mar quette and Joliet. LaSalle, having constructed a vessel, the " Griffin," above the falls of Niagara, which he sailed to Green Bay, and having passed thence in canoes to the mouth of the St. Joseph River, by which and the Kankakee he reached the Illinois, in January, 1680, erected Fort Qrevecoeur, at the lower end of Peoria Lake, where the city of Peoria is now situated. The place where this ancient fort stood may still be seen just below the outlet of Peoria Lake. It was destined, however, to a temporary existence. From this point, LaSalle determined to descend the Mississippi to its mouth, but did not accomplish this purpose till two years later — in 1682. Returning to Fort Frontenac for the purpose of getting materials with which to rig his vessel, he left the fort in charge of Touti, his lieutenant, who during his absence was driven off by the Iro quois Indians. These savages had made a raid upon the settlement of the Illinois, and had left nothing in their track but ruin and desolation. Mr. Davidson, in his History of Illinois, gives the foUowing graphic account of the picture that met the eyes of LaSalle and his companions on their return : " At the great town of the Illinois they were appalled at the scene which opened to their view. No hunter appeared to break its death-like silence with a salutatory whoop ot welcome. The plain on which the town had stood was now strewn with charred fragments of lodges, which had so recently swarmed with savage life and hilarity. To render more hideous the picture of desolation, large numbers of skulls had been placed on the upper extremities of lodge-poles which had escaped the devouring flames. In the midst of these horrors was the rude fort of the spoilers, rendered frightful by the same ghastly relics. A near approach showed that the graves had been robbed of their bodies, and swarms of buzzards were discovered glutting their loathsome stomachs on the reeking corruption. To complete the work of destruction, the growing corn of the village had been cut down and burned, while the pits containing the products of previous years, had been rifled and their contents scattered with wanton waste. It was evident the suspected blow of the Iroquois had fallen with relentless fury." Tonti had escaped LaSalle knew not whither. Passing down the lake in search of him and his men, LaSalle discovered that the fort had been destroyed, but the vessel which he had partly constructed was still HISTORY OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS. 113 on the stocks, and but slightly injured. After further fruitless search, failing to find Tonti, he fastened to a tree a painting representing himself and party sitting in a canoe and bearing a pipe of peace, and to the paint ing attached a letter addressed to Tonti. Tonti had escaped, and, after untold privations, taken shelter among the Pottawattamies near Green Bay. These were friendly to the French. One of their old chiefs used to say, " There were but three great cap tains in the world, himself, Tonti and LaSaUe." GENIUS OF LaSALLE. We must now return to LaSalle, whose exploits stand out in such bold relief. He was born in Rouen, France, in 1643. His father was wealthy, but he renounced his patrimony on entering a college of the Jesuits, from which he separated and came to Canada a poor man in 1666. The priests of St. Sulpice, among whom he had a brother, were then the proprietors of Montreal, the nucleus of which was a seminary or con vent founded by that order. The Superior granted to LaSalle a large tract of land at LaChine, where he established himself in the fur trade. He was a man of daring genius, and outstripped all his competitors in exploits of travel and commerce with the Indians. In 1669, he visited the headquarters of the great Iroquois Confederacy, at Onondaga, in the heart of New York, and, obtaining guides, explored the Ohio River to the falls at Louisville. In order to understand the genius of LaSalle, it must be remembered that for many years prior to his time the missionaries and traders were obliged to make their way to the Northwest by the Ottawa River (of Canada) on account of the fierce hostility of the Iroquois along the lower lakes and Niagara River, which entirely closed this latter route to the Upper Lakes. They carried on their commerce chiefly by canoes, pad dling them through the Ottawa to Lake Nipissing, carrying them across the portage to French River, and descending that to Lake Huron. This being the route by which they reached the Northwest, accounts for the fact that all the earliest Jesuit missions were established in the neighbor hood of the Upper Lakes. LaSalle conceived the grand idea of opening the route by Niagara River and the Lower Lakes to Canadian commerce by sail vessels, connecting it with the navigation of the Mississippi, and thus opening a magnificent water communication from the Gulf of St. Lawrence to the Gulf of Mexico. This truly grand and comprehensive purpose seems to have animated him in all his wonderful achievements and the matchless difficulties and hardships he surmounted. As the first step in the accomplishment of this object he established himself on Lake Ontario, and built and garrisoned Fort Frontenac, the site of the present 114 HISTORY OP THE STATE OF ILLINOIS. city of Kingston, Canada. Here he obtained a grant of land from the French crown and a body of troops by which he beat back the invading Iroquois and cleared the passage to Niagara Falls. Having by this mas terly stroke made it safe to attempt a hitherto untried expedition, his next step, as we have seen, was to advance to the Falls with all his outfit for building a ship with which to sail the lakes. He was success ful in this undertaking, though his ultimate purpose was defeated by a strange combination of untoward circumstances. The Jesuits evidently hated LaSalle and plotted against him, because he had abandoned them and co-operated with a rival order. The fur traders were also jealous of his superior success in opening new channels of commerce. At LaChine he had taken the trade of Lake Ontario, which but for his presence there would have gone to Quebec. While they were plodding with their bars canoes through the Ottawa he was constructing sailing vessels to com mand the trade of the lakes and the Mississippi. These great plans excited the jealousy and envy of the small traders, introduced treason and revolt into the ranks of his own companions, and finally led to the foul assassination by which his great achievements were prematurely ended. In 1682, LaSalle, having completed his vessel at Peoria, descended the Mississippi to its confluence with the Gulf of Mexico. Erecting a standard on which he inscribed the arms of France, he took formal pos session of the whole valley of the mighty river, in the name of Louis XIV., then reigning, in honor of whom he named the country Louisiana. LaSalle then went to France, was appointed Governor, and returned with a fleet and immigrants, for the purpose of planting a colony in Ilh- nois. They arrived in due time in the Gulf of Mexico, but failing to find the mouth of the Mississippi, up which LaSalle intended to sail, his supply ship, with the immigrants, was driven ashore and wrecked on Matagorda Bay. With the fragments of the vessel he constructed a stockade and rude huts on the shore for the protection of the immigrants, calling the post Fort St. Louis. He then made a trip into New Mexico, in search of silver mines, but, meeting with disappointment, returned to find his little colony reduced to forty souls. He then resolved to travel on foot to Illinois, and, starting with his companions, had reached the valley of the Colorado, near the mouth of Trinity river, when he was shot by one of his men. This occurred on the 19th of March, 1687. Dr. J. W. Foster remarks of him : " Thus feU, not far from the banks of the Trinity, Robert Cavalier de la Salle, one of the grandest charac ters that ever figured in American history — a man capable of originating the vastest schemes, and endowed with a will and a judgment capable of carrying them to successful results. Had ample facilities been placed by the King of France at his disposal, the result of the colonization of this continent might have been far different from what we now behold." history of THB STATE OP ILLINOIS. 115 EARLY SETTLEMENTS. A temporary settlement was made at Fort St. Louis, or the old Kas kaskia village, on the Illinois River, in what is now LaSalle County, in 1682. In 1690, this was removed, with the mission connected with it, to Kaskaskia, on the river of that name, emptying into the lower Mississippi in St. Clair County. Cahokia was settled about the same time, or at least, both of these settlememts began in the year 1690, though it is now pretty well settled that Cahokia is the older place, and ranks as the oldest permanent settlement in Illinois, as well as in the Mississippi Valley. The reason for the removal of the aid Kaskaskia settlement and mission, was probably because the dangerous and difficult route by Lake Michigan and the Chicago portage had been almost abandoned, and travelers and traders passed down and up the Mississippi by the Fox and Wisconsin River rout^. They removed to the vicinity of the Mississippi in order to be in the line of travel from Canada to Louisiana, that is, the lower part of it, for it was all Louisiana then south of the lakes. During the period of French rule in Louisiana, the population prob ably never exceeded ten thousand, including whites and blacks. Within that portion of it now included in Indiana, trading posts were established at the principal Miami villages which stood on the head waters of the Maumee, the Wea villages situated at Ouiatenon, on the Wabash, and the Piankeshaw viUages at Post Vincennes ; all of which were probably visited by French traders and missionaries before the close of the seven teenth century. In the vast territory claimed by the French, many settlements of considerable importance had sprung up. Biloxi, on Mobile Bay, had been founded by D'Iberville, in 1699 ; Antoine de Lamotte Cadillac had founded Detroit in 1701 ; and New Orleans had been founded by Bien- vUle, under the auspices of the Mississippi Company, in 1718. In Illi nois also, considerable settlements had been made, so that in 1730 they embraced one hundred and forty French famUies, about six hundred " con- verted Indians," and many traders and voyageurs. In that portion of the country, on the east side of the Mississippi, there were five distinct set tlements, with their respective villages, viz. : Cahokia, near the mouth of Cahokia Creek and about five mUes below the present city of St. Louis ; St. Philip, about forty-five mUes below Cahokia, and four miles above Fort Chartres; Fort Chartres, twelve mUes above Kaskaskia; Kaskaskia, situated on the Kaskaskia River, five mUes above its conflu ence with the Mississippi ; and Prairie du Rocher, near Fort Chartres. To these must be added St. Genevieve and St. Louis, on the west side of the Mississippi. These, with the exception of St. Louis, are among 116 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS. HISTORY OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS. 117 the oldest French towns in the Mississippi Valley. Kaskaskia, in its best days, was a town of some two or three thousand inhabitants. After it passed from the crown of France its population for many years did not exceed fifteen hundred. Under British rule, in 1773, the population had decreased to four hundred and fifty. As early as 1721, the Jesuits had established a college and a monastery in Kaskaskia. Fort Chartres was first built under the direction of the Mississippi Company, in 1718, by M. de Boisbraint, a military officer, under command of Bienville. It stood on the east bank of the Mississippi, about eighteen miles below Kaskaskia, and was for some time the headquarters of the miUtary commandants of the district of Illinois. In the Centennial Oration of Dr. Fowler, delivered at Philadelphia, by appointment of Gov. Beveridge, we find some interesting facts with regard to the State of Illinois, which we appropriate in this history : In 1682 Illinois became a possession of the French crown, a depend ency of Canada, and a part of Louisiana. In 1765 the English flag was run up on old Fort Chartres, and Illinois was counted among the treas ures of Great Britain. In 1779 it was taken from the English by Col. George Rogers Clark. This man was resolute in nature, wise in council, prudent in policy, bold in action, and heroic in danger. Few men who have figured in the his tory of America are more deserving than this colonel. Nothing short of first-class ability could have rescued Vincens and all Illinois from the English. And it is not possible to over-estimate the influence of this achievement upon the republic. In 1779 Illinois became a part of Vir ginia. It was soon known as Illinois County. In 1784 Virginia ceded all this territory to the general government, to be cut into States, to be republican in form, with " the same right of sovereignty, freedom, and independence as the other States." In 1787 it was the object of the wisest and ablest legislation found in any merely human records. No man can study the secret history of THE "COMPACT OF 1787," and not feel that- Providence was guiding with sleepless eye these unborn States. The ordinance that on July 13, 1787, finally became the incor porating act, has a most marvelous history. Jefferson had vainly tried to secure a system of government for the northwestern territory. He was an emancipationist of that day, and favored the exclusion of slavery from the territory Virginia had ceded to the general government; but the South voted him down as often as it came up. In 1787, as late as July 10, an organizing act without the anti-slavery clause was pending. This concession to the South was expected to carry it. Congress was in 118 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS. session in New York City. On July 5, Rev. Dr. Manasseh Cutler, of Massachusetts, came into New York to lobby on the northwestern terri tory. Everything seemed to fall into his hands. Events were ripe. The state of the public credit, the growing of Southern prejudice, the basis of his mission, his personal character, all combined to complete one of those sudden and marvelous revolutions of public sentiment that once in five or ten centuries are seen to sweep over a country like the breath of the Almighty. Cutler was a graduate of Yale — received his A.M. from Harvard, and his D.D. from Yale. He had studied and taken degrees in the three learned professions, medicine, law, and divinity. He had thus America's best indorsement. He had published a scientific examination of the plants of New England. His name stood second only to that of Franklin as a scientist in America. He was a courtly gentle man of the old style, a man of commanding presence, and of inviting face. The Southern members said they had never seen such a gentleman in the North. He came representing a company that desired to purchase a tract of land now included in Ohio, for the purpose of planting a colony. It was a speculation. Government money was worth eighteen cents on the dollar. This Massachusetts company had collected enough to pur chase 1,500,000 acres of land. Other speculators in New York made Dr. Cutler their agent (lobbyist). On the 12th he represented a demand for 5,500,000 acres. This would reduce the national debt. Jefferson and Virginia were regarded as authority concerning the land Virginia had just ceded. Jefferson's policy wanted to provide for the public credit, and this was a good opportunity to do something. Massachusetts then owned the territory of Maine, which she was crowding on the market. She was opposed to opening the northwestern region. This fired the zeal of Virginia. The South caught the inspha- tion, and all exalted Dr. Cutler. The English minister invited him to dine with some of the Southern gentlemen. He was the center of interest. The entire South rallied round him. Massachusetts could not vote. against him, because many of the constituents of her members were interested personally in the western speculation. Thus Cutler, making friends with the South, and, doubtless, using all the arts of the lobby, was enabled to command the situation. True to deeper convictions, he dictated one of the most compact and finished documents of wise states manship that has ever adorned any hunian law book. He borrowed from Jefferson the term " Articles of Compact," which, preceding the federal constitution, rose into the most sacred character. He then followed very closely the constitution of Massachusetts, adopted three years before. Its most marked points were : 1. The exclusion of slavery from the territory forever. 2. Provision for public schools, giving one township for a seminary) i HISTORY OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS. 119 and every section numbered 16 in each township ; that is, one-thirty-sixth of aU the land, for public schools. 3. A provision prohibiting the ~ adoption of any constitution or the enactment of any law that should nullify pre-existing contracts. Be it forever remembered that this compact declared that " Religion, morality, and knowledge being necessary to good government and the happiness of mankind, schools and the means of education shall always be encouraged." Dr. Cutler planted himself on this platform and would not yield. Giving his unqualified declaration that it was that or nothing — that unless they could make the land desirable they did not want it — he took his horse and buggy, and started for the constitutional convention in Phila delphia. On July 13, 1787, the bill was put upon its passage, and was unanimously adopted, every Southern member voting for it, and only one man, Mr. Yates, of New York, voting against it. But as the States voted as States, Yates lost his vote, and the compact was put beyond repeal. Thus the great States of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan and Wis consin — a vast empire, the heart of the great valley — were consecrated to freedom, intelligence, and honesty. Thus the great heart of the nation was prepared for a year and a day and an hour. In the light of these eighty- nine years I affirm that this act was the salvation of the republic and the destruction of slavery. Soon the South saw their great blunder, and tried to repeal the compact. In 1803 Congress referred it to a committee of which John Randolph was chairman. He reported that this ordinance was a compact, and opposed repeal. Thus it stood a rock, in the way of the on-rushing sea of slavery. With all this timely aid it was, after all, a most desperate and pro tracted struggle to keep the soil of Illinois sacred to freedom. It was the natural battle-field for the irrepressible conflict. In the southern end of the State slavery preceded the compact. It existed among the old French settlers, and was hard to eradicate. The southern part of the State was settled from the slave States, and this population brought their laws, customs, and institutions with them. A stream of population from the North poured into the northern part of the State. These sections misunderstood and hated each other perfectly. The Southerners regarded the Yankees as a skinning, tricky, penurious race of peddlers, filling the country with tinware, brass clocks, and wooden nutmegs. The North erner thought of the Southerner as a lean, lank, lazy creature, burrowing in a hut, and rioting- in whisky, dirt and ignorance. These causes aided in making the struggle long and bitter. So strong was the sympathy with slavery that, in spite of the ordinance of 1787, and in spite of the deed of ' cession, it was determined to allow the old French settlers to retain their slaves. Planters from the slave States might bring their 120 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS. slaves, if they would give them a chance to choose freedom or yean of service and bondage for their children till they should become thirty years of age. If they chose freedom they must leave the State in sixty days or be sold as fugitives. Servants were whipped for offenses for which white men are fined. Each lash paid forty cents of the fine. A negro ten miles from home without a pass was whipped. These famous laws were imported from the slave States just as they imported laws foi' the inspection of flax and wool when there was neither in the State. These Black Laws are now wiped out. A vigorous effort was made to protect slavery in the State Constitution of 1817. It barely failed. It was renewed in 1825, when a convention was asked to make a new constitution. After a hard fight the convention was defeated. But slaves did not disappear from the census of the State until 1850. There were mobs and murders in the interest of slavery. Lovejoy was added to the list of martyrs — a sort of first-fruits of that long life' of immortal heroes who saw freedom as the one supreme desire of their souls, and were so enamored of'her that they preferred to die rather than sur-vive her. The population of 12,282 that occupied the territory in A.D. 1800, increased to 45,000 in A.D. 1818, when the State Constitution was adopted, and Illinois took her place in the Union, with a star on the flag and two votes in the Senate. Shadrach Bond was the first Governor, and in his first message he recommended the construction of the Illinois and Michigan Canal. The simple economy in those days is seen in the fact that the entire bill for stationery for the first Legislature was only $13.50. Yet this simple body actually enacted a very superior code. There was no money in the territory before the war of 1812. Deer skins and coon skins were the circulating medium. In 1821, the Legis lature ordained a State Bank on the credit of the State. It issued notes in the likeness of bank bills. These notes were made a legal tender for every thing, and the bank was ordered to loan to the people $100 on per sonal security, and more on mortgages. They actually passed a resolu tion requesting the Secretary of the Treasury of the United States to receive these notes for land. The old French Lieutenant Governor, Col. Menard, put the resolution as follows : " Gentlemen of the Senate : It is moved and seconded dat de notes of dis bank be made land-office money. All in favor of dat motion say aye ; all against it say no. It is decided in de affirmative. Now, gentlemen, I bet you one hundred dollar he never be land-office money ! " Hard sense, like hard money, is always above par. This old Frenchman presents a fine figure up against the dark back ground of most of his nation. They made no progress. They clung to their earliest and simplest implements. They never wore hats or cap** HISTORY OP THB STATE OF ILLINOIS. 121 They pulled their blankets over their heads in the winter like the Indians, with whom they freely intermingled. Demagogism had an early development. One John Grammar (only in name), elected to the Territorial and State Legislatures of 1816 and 1836, invented the policy of opposing every new thing, saying, "If it succeeds, no one will ask who voted against it. If it proves a failure, he could quote its record." In sharp contrast with Grammar was the char acter of D. P. Cook, after whom the county containing Chicago was named. Such was his transparent integrity and remarkable ability that his will was almost the law of the State. In Congress, a young man, and from a poor State, he was made Chairman of the Ways and Means Committee. He was pre-eminent for standing by his committee, regard less of consequences. It was his integrity that elected John Quincy Adams to the Presidency. There were four candidates in 1824, Jackson, Clay, Crawford, and John Quincy Adams. There being no choice by the people, the election was thrown into the'^House. It was so balanced that it turned on his vote, and that he cast for Adams, electing him ; then went home to face the wrath of the Jackson party in Illinois. It cost him all but character and greatness. It is a suggestive comment on the times, that there was no legal interest till 1830. It often reached 150 per cent., usually 50 per cent. Then it was reduced to 12, and now to 10 per cent. PHYSICAL FEATURES OF THE PRAIRIE STATE. In area the State has 55,410 square miles of territory. It is about 150 miles wide and 400 miles long, stretching in latitude from Maine to North Carolina. It embraces wide variety of climate. It is tempered on the north by the great inland, saltless, tideless sea, which keeps the thermometer from either extreme. Being a table land, from 600 to 1,600 feet above the level of the sea, one is prepared to find on the health maps, prepared by the general government, an almost clean and perfect record. In freedom from fever and malarial diseases and consumptions, the three deadly enemies of the American Saxon, Illinois, as a State, stands without a superior. She furnishes one of the essential conditions of a great people — sound bodies. I suspect that this fact lies back of that old Delaware word, Illini, superior men. The great battles of history that have been determinative of dynas ties and destinies have been strategical battles, chiefly the question of position. Thermopylae has been the war-cry of freemen for twenty-four centuries.. It only tells how much there may be in position. All this advantage belongs to Illinois. It is in the heart of the greatest vaUey in the world, the vast region between the mountains — a valley that could 122 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS. feed mankind for one thousand years. It is well on toward the center of the continent. It is in the great temperate belt, in which have been found nearly all the aggressive civilizations of history. It has sixty-five miles of frontage on the head of the lake. With the Mississippi forming the western and southern boundary, with the Ohio running along the southeastern line, with the Illinois River and Canal dividing the State diagonally from the lake to the Lower Mississippi, and with the Rock and Wabash Rivers furnishing altogether 2,000 miles of water-front, con necting with, and running through, in all about 12,000 miles of navi gable water. But this is not all. These waters are made most available by the fact that the lake and the State lie on the ridge running into the great valley from the east. Within cannon-shot of the lake the water runs away from the lake to the Gulf. The lake now empties at both ends, one into the Atlantic and one into the Gulf of Mexico. The lake thus seems to hang over the land. This makes the dockage most serviceable ; there are no steep banks to damage it. Both lake and river are made for use. The climate varies from Portland to Richmond ; it favors every pro duct of the continent, including the tropics, with less than half a dozen exceptions. It produces every great nutriment of the world except ban anas and rice. It is hardly too much to say that it is the most productive spot known to civilization. With the soil full of bread and the earth full of minerals ; with an upper surface of food and an under layer of fuel ; with perfect natural drainage, and abundant springs and streams and navigable rivers ; half way between the forests of the North and the fruits of the South ; within a day's ride of the great deposits of iron, coal, cop per, lead, and zinc ; containing and controlling the great grain, cattle, pork, and lumber markets of the world, it is not strange that Illinois has the advantage of position. This advantage has been supplemented by the character of the popu lation. In the early days when Illinois was first admitted to the Union, her population were chiefly from Kentucky and Virginia. But, in the conflict of ideas concerning slavery, a strong tide of emigration came in from the East, and soon changed this composition. In 1870 her non- native population were from colder soils. New York furnished 133,290; Ohio gave 162,623; Pennsylvania sent on 98,352; the entire South gave us only 206,734. In all her cities, and in all her German and Scandina vian and other foreign colonies, lUinois has only about one-fifth of her people of foreign birth. HISTORY OP THB STATE OP ILLINOIS. 123 PROGRESS OF DEVELOPMENT. One of the greatest elements in the early development of Illinois is the Illinois and Michigan Canal, connecting the Illinois and Mississippi Rivers with the lakes. It was of the utmost importance to the State. It was recommended by Gov. Bond, the first governor, in his first message. In 1821, the Legislature appropriated $10,000 for surveying the route. Two bright young engineers surveyed it, and estimated the cost at $600,000 or $700,000. It finally cost $8,000,000. In 1825, a law was passed to incorporate the Canal Company, but no stock was sold. In 1826, upon the solicitation of Cook, Congress gave 800,000 acres of land on the line of the work. In 1828, another law — commissioners appointed, and work commenced with new survey and new estimates. In 1834-35, George Farquhar made an able report on the whole matter. This was, doubtless, the ablest report ever made to a western legislature, and it became the model for subsequent reports and action. From this the work went on till it was finished in 1848. It cost the State a large amount of money ; but it gave to the industries of the State an impetus that pushed it up into the first rank of greatness. It was not built as a speculation any more than a doctor is employed on a speculation. But it has paid into the Treasary of the State an average annual net sum of over $111,000. Pending the construction of the canal, the land and town-lot fever broke out in the State, in 1834-35. It took on the malignant type in Chicago, lifting the town up into a city. The disease spread over the entire State and adjoining States. It was epidemic. It cut up men's farms without regard to locality, and Jint up the purses of the purchasers without regard to consequences. It is estimated that building lots enough were sold in Indiana alone to accommodate every citizen then in the United States. Towns and cities were exported to ihe Eastern market by the ship load. There was no lack of buyers. Every up-ship came freighted with speculators and their money. This distemper seized upon the Legislature in 1836-37, and left not one to teU the tale. They enacted a system of internal improvement without a parallel in the grandeur of its conception. They ordered the construction of 1,300 miles of railroad, crossing the State in all direc tions. This was surpassed by the river and canal improvements. There were a few counties not touched by either railroad or river or canal, and those were to be comforted and compensated by the free dis tribution of $200,000 among them. To inflate this baUoon beyond cre dence it was ordered that work should be commenced on both ends of 124 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS. each of these railroads and rivers, and at each river-crossing, aU at the same time. The appropriations for these vast improvements were over $12,000,000, and commissioners were appointed to borrow the money on the credit of the State. Remember that all this was in the early days of railroading, when railroads were luxuries; that the State had whole counties with scarcely a cabin ; and that the population of the State was less than 400,000, and you can form some idea of the vigor with which these brave men undertook the work of making a great State. In the light of history I am compelled to say that this was only a premature throb of the power that actually slumbered in the soil of the State. It was Hercules in the cradle. At this juncture the State Bank loaned its funds largely to Godfrey Gilman & Co., and to other leading houses, for the purpose of drawing trade from St. Louis to Alton. Soon they failed, and took down the bank with them. In 1840, all hope seemed gone. A population of 480,000 were loaded with a debt of $14,000,000. It had only six small cities, really only towns, namely : Chicago, Alton, Springfield, Quincy, Galena, Nauvoo. This debt was to be cared for when there was not a dollar in the treas ury, and wheii the State had borrowed itself out of all credit, and when there was not good money enough in the hands of all the people to pay the interest of the debt for a single year. Yet, in the presence of all these difficulties, the young State steadily refused to repudiate. Gov. Ford took hold of the problem and solved it, bringing the State through in triumph. Having touched lightly upon some of the more distinctive points in the history of the development of Illinois, let us next briefly consider the MATERIAL RESOURCES OF THE STATE. It is a garden four hundred miles long and one hundred and fifty miles wide. Its soil is chiefly a black sandy loam, from six inches to sixty feet thick. On the American bottoms it has been cultivated for one hundred and fifty years without renewal. About the old French towns it has yielded corn for a century and a half without rest or help. It produces nearly everything green in the temperate and tropical zones. She leads all other States in the number of acres actually under plow. Her products from 25,000,000 of acres are incalculable. Her mineral wealth is scarcely second to her agricultural power. She has coal, iron, lead, copper, zinc, many varieties of building stone, fire clay, cuma clay, common brick clay, sand of all kinds, gravel, mineral paint — every thing needed for a high civilization. Left to herself, she has the elements of aU greatness. The single item of coal is too vast for an appreciatlTe HISTORY OP THE STATE OP ILLINOIS. 125 handling in figures. We can handle it in general terms like algebraical signs, but long before we get up into the millions and billions the human mind drops down from comprehension, to mere symbolic apprehension. When I tell you that nearly four-fifths of the entire State is under laid with a deposit of coal more than forty feet thick on the average (now estimated, by recent surveys, at seventy feet thick), you can get some idea of its amount, as you do of the amount of the national debt. There it is ! 41,000 square miles — one vast mine into which you could put any of the States ; in which you could bury scores of European and ancient empires, and have room enough all round to work without know ing that they had been sepulchered there. Put this vast coal-bed down by the other great coal deposits of the worid, and its importance becomes manifest. Great Britain has 12,000 square miles of coal; Spain, 3,000; France, 1,719; Belgium, 578; Illinois about twice as many square miles as all combined. Virginia has 20,000 square miles ; Pennsylvania, 16,000 ; Ohio, 12,000. Illinois has 41,000 square miles. One-seventh of all the known coal on this continent is in Illinois. Could we sell the coal in this single State for one-seventh of one cent a ton it would pay the national debt. Converted into power, even with the wastage in our common engines, it would do more work than could be done by the entire race, beginning at Adam's wedding and working ten hours a day through all the centuries till the present time, and right on into the future at the same rate for the next 600,000 years. Great Britain uses enough mechanical power to-day to give to each man, woman, and child in the kingdom the help and service of nineteen untiring servants. No wonder she has leisure and luxuries. No wonder the home of the common artisan has in it more luxuries than could be found in the palace of good old King Arthur. Think, if you can conceive of it, of the vast army of servants that slumber in the soil of Illinois, impatiently awaiting the call of Genius to come forth to minister to our comfort. At the present rate of consumption England's coal supply will be exhausted in 250 years. When this is gone she must transfer her dominion either to the Indies, or to British America, which I would not resist ; or to some other people, which I would regret as a loss to civilization. COAL IS KING. At the same rate of consumption (which far exceeds our own) the deposit of coal in lUinois wiU last 120,000 years. And her kingdom shaU be an everlasting kingdom. Let us turn now from this reserve power to the annual products of 126 HISTORY OF THE STATE OP ILLINOIS. the State. We shall not be humiliated in this field. Here we strike the secret of our national credit. Nature provides a market in the constant appetite of the race. Men must eat, and if we can furnish the provisions we can command the treasure. All that a man hath will he give for his Hfe. According to the last census Illinois produced 30,000,000 of bushels of wheat. That is more wheat than was raised by any other State in the Union. She raised In 1875, 130,000,000 of bushels of corn — twice as much as any other State, and one-sixth of all the corn raised in the United States. She harvested 2,747,000 tons of hay, nearly one-tenth of all the hay in the Republic. It is not generally appreciated, but it is true, that the hay crop of the country is worth more than the cotton crop. The hay of Illinois equals the cotton of Louisiana. Go to Charleston, S. C, and see them peddling handfuls of hay or grass, almost as a curiosity, as we regard Chinese gods or the cryolite of Greenland; drink your coffee and condensed milk ; and walk back from the coast for many a league through the sand and burs till you get up into the better atmos phere of the mountains, without seeing a waving meadow or a grazing herd ; then you will begin to appreciate the meadows of the Prairie State, where the grass often grows sixteen feet high. The value of her farm implements is $211,000,000, and the value of her live stock is only second to the great State of New York. in 1875 she had 25,000,000 hogs, and packed 2,113,845, about one-half of aUthat were packed in the United States. This is no insignificant item. Pork is a growing demand of the old world. Since the laborers of Europe have gotten a taste of our bacon, and we have learned how to pack it dry in boxes, like dry goods, the world has become the market. The hog is on the march into the future. His nose is ordained to uncover the secrets of dominion, and his feet shall be guided by the star of empire. Illinois marketed $57,000,000 worth of slaughtered animals — ^more than any other State, and a seventh of all the States. Be patient with me, and pardon my pride, and I will give you a list of some of the things in which Illinois excels all other States. Depth and richness of soil ; per cent, of good ground ; acres of improved land ; large farms — some farms contain from 40,000 to 60,000 acres of cultivated land, 40,000 acres of corn on a single farm ; number of farmers ; amount of wheat, corn, oats and honey produced ; value of ani mals for slaughter ; number of hogs ; amount of pork ; number of horses — three times as many as Kentucky, the horse State. Illinois excels all other States in miles of railroads and in miles of postal service, and in money orders sold per annum, and in the amount of lumber sold in her markets. HISTORY OF THB STATE OF ILLIN0I8. 127 Illinois is only second in many important matters. This sample list comprises a few of the more important : Permanent school fund (good for a young state) ; total income for educational purposes ; number of pub lishers of books, maps, papers, etc.; value of farm products and imple ments, and of live stock ; in tons of coal mined. The shipping of Illinois is only second to New York. Out of one port during the business hours of the season of navigation she sends forth a vessel every ten minutes. This does not include canal boats, which go one every five minutes. No wonder she is only second in number of bankers and brokers or in physicians and surgeons. She is third in colleges, teachers and schools ; cattle, lead, hay, flax, sorghum and beeswax. She is fourth in population, jn children enrolled in public schools, in law schools, in butter, potatoes and carriages. She is fifth in value of real and personal property, in theological seminaries and colleges exclusively for women, in milk sold, and in boots and shoes manufactured, and in book-binding. She is only seventh in the production of wood, while she is the twelfth in area. Surely that is well done for the Prairie State. She now has much more wood and growing timber than she had thirty years ago. A few leading industries will justify emphasis. She manufactures $205,000,000 worth of goods, which places her well up toward New York and Pennsylvania. The number of her manufacturing establishments increased from 1860 to 1870, 300 per cent.; capital employed increased 850 per cent., and the amount of product increased 400 per cent. She issued 5,500,000 copies of commercial and financial newspapers — only second to New York. She has 6,759 miles of railroad, thus leading all other States, worth $636,458,000, using 3,245 engines, and 67,712 cars, making a train long enough to cover one-tenth of the entire roads of the State. Her stations are only five miles apart. She carried last year 15,795,000 passen gers, an average of 36i mUes, or equal to taking her entire population twice across the State. More than two-thirds of her land is within five miles of a railroad, and less than two per cent, is more than fifteen miles away. The State has a large financial interest in the Illinois Central railroad. The road was incorporated'^in 1850, and the State gave each alternate sec tion for six miles on each side, and doubled the price of the remaining land, so keeping herself good. The road received 2,595,000 acres of land, and pays to the State one-seventh of the gross receipts. The State receives this year $350,000, and has received in aU about $7,000,000. It is practically the people's road, and it has a most able and gentlemanly management. Add to this the annual receipts from the canal, $111,000, and a large per cent, of the State tax is provided for. 128 HISTORY OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS. THE RELIGION AND MORALS of the State keep step with her productions and growth. She was born of the missionary spirit. It was a minister who secured for her the ordi nance of 1787, by which she has been saved from slavery, ignorance, and dishonesty. Rev. Mr. Wiley, pastor of a Scotch congregation in Randolph County, petitioned the Constitutional Convention of 1818 to recognize Jesus Christ as king, and the Scriptures as the only necessary guide and book of law. The convention did not act in the case, and the old Cove nanters refused to accept citizenship. They never voted until 1824, when the slavery question was submitted to the people ; then they all voted against it and cast the determining votes. Conscience has predominated whenever a great moral question has been submitted to the people. But little mob violence has ever been felt in the State. In 1817 regulators disposed of a band of horse-thieves that infested the territory. The Mormon indignities finally awoke the same spirit. Alton was also the scene of a pro-slavery mob, in which Lovejoy was added to the list of martyrs. The moral sense of the people makes the law supreme, and gives to the State unruffied peace. With $22,300,000 in church property, and 4,298 church organizations, the State has that divine police, the sleepless patrol of moral ideas, that alone is able to secure perfect safety. Conscience takes the knife from the assassin's hand and the bludgeon from the grasp of the highwayman. We sleep in safety, not because we are behind bolts and bars — ^these only fence against the innocent ; not because a lone officer drowses on a distant corner of a street; not because a sheriff may call his posse from a remote part of the county ; but because conscience guards the very portals of the air and stirs in the deepest recesses of the public mind. This spirit issues within the State 9,500,000 copies of religious papers annually, and receives still more from without. Thus the crime of the State is only one-fourth that of New York and one-half that of Pennsylvania. Illinois never had but one duel between her own citizens. In Belle ville, in 1820, Alphonso Stewart and William Bennett arranged to vindi cate injured honor. The seconds agreed to make it a sham, and make them shoot blanks. Stewart was in the secret. Bennett mistrusted some thing, and, unobserved, slipped a bullet into his gun and killed Stewart. He then fled the State. After two years he was caught, tried, convicted, and, in spite of friends and political aid, was hung. This fixed the code of honor on a Christian basis, and terminated its use in Illinois. The early preachers were ignorant men, who were accounted eloquent according to the strength of their voices. But they set the style for all public speakers. Lawyers and political speakers followed this rule. Gov. HISTORY OF THE STATE OP ILLINOIS. 129 Ford says: "Nevertheless, these first preachers were of incalculable benefit to the country. They inculcated justice and morality. To them are we indebted for the first Christian character of the Protestant portion of the people." In education Illinois surpasses her material resources. The ordinance of 1787 consecrated one thirty-sixth of her soil to common schools, and the law of 1818, the first law that went upon her statutes, gave three per cent, of all the rest to EDUCATION. The old compact secures this interest forever, and by its yoking morality and intelligence it precludes the legal interference with the Bible in the public schools. With such a start it is natural that we should have 11,050 schools, and that our illiteracy should be less than New York or Pennsylvania, and only about one-half of Massachusetts. We are not to blame for not having more than one-half as many idiots as the great States. These public schools soon made colleges inevitable. The first college, still flourishing, was started in Lebanon in 1828, by the M. E. church, and named after Bishop McKendree. Illinois College, at Jackson ville, supported by the Presbyterians, followed in 1830. In 1832 the Bap tists built Shurtleff College, at Alton. Then the Presbyterian^ built Knox College, at Galesburg, in 1838, and the Episcopahans built Jubilee College, at Peoria, in 1847. After these early years colleges have rained down. A settler could hardly encamp on the prairie but a college would spring up by his wagon. The State now has one very well endowed and equipped university, namely, the Northwestern University, at Evanston, with six colleges, ninety instructors, over 1,000 students, and $1,500,000 endow ment. Rev. J. M. Peck was the first educated Protestant minister in tne State. He settled at Rock Spring, in St. Clair County, 1820, and left his impress on the State. Before 1837 only party papers were published, but Mr. Peck published a Gazetteer of Illinois. Soon after John Russell, of Bluffdale, published essays and tales showing genius. Judge James Hall published The Illinois Monthly Magazine with great ability, and an annual called The Western Souvenir, which gave him an enviable fame all over the United States. From these beginnings Illinois has gone on tUl she has more volumes in public libaaries even than Massachusetts, and of the 44,500,000 volumes in all the public Hbraries of the United States, she has one-thirteenth. In newspapers she stands fourth. Her increase is marvelous. In 1850 she issued 6,000,000 copies; in 1860, 27,590,000 ; in 1870, 113,140,000. In 1860 she had eighteen coUeges and seminaries ; in 1870 she had eighty. That is a grand advance for the war decade. This brings us to a record unsurpassed in the history of any age, 130 HISTORY OP THE STATE OP ILLINOIS. THE WAR RECORD OF ILLINOIS. I hardly know where to begin, or how to advance, or what to say. I can at best give you only a broken synopsis of her deeds, and you must put.them in the order of glory for yourself. Her sons have always been foremost on fields of danger. In 1832-33, at the call of Gov. Reynolds, her sons drove Blackhawk over the Mississippi. When the Mexican war came, in May, 1846, 8,370 men offered them selves when only 3,720 could be accepted. The fields of Buena Vista and Vera Cruz, and the storming of Cerro Gordo, will carry the glory of Illinois soldiers along after the infamy of the cause they served has been forgotten. But it was reserved till our day for her sons to find a field and cause and foemen that could fitly illustrate their spirit and heroism. Illinois put into her own regiments for the United States government 256,000 men, and into the army through other States enough to sweU the number to 290,000. This far exceeds all the soldiers of' the federal government in all the war of the revolution. Her total years of service were over 600,000. She enrolled men from eighteen to forty-five years of age when the law of Congress in 1864 — the test time — only asked for those from twenty to forty-five. Her enrollment was otherwise excessive. Her people wanted to go, and did not take the pains to correct the enrollment. Thus the basis of fixing the quota was too great, and then the quota itself, at least in the trying time, was far above any other State. Thus the demand on some counties, as Monroe, for example, took every able-bodied man in the county, and then did not have enough to fill the quota. Moreover, Illinois sent 20,844 men for ninety or one hundred days, for whom no credit was asked. When Mr. Lincoln's attention was called to the inequality of the quota compared with other States, he replied, " The country needs the sacrifice. We must put the whip on the free horse." In spite of all these disadvantages Illinois gave to the country 73,000 years of service above all calls. With one-thirteenth of the popu lation of the loyal States, she sent regularly one-tenth of all the soldiers, and in the peril of the closing calls, when patriots were few and weary, she then sent one-eighth of all that were called for by her loved and hon ored son in the white house. Her mothers and daughters went into the fields to raise the grain and keep the children together, while the fathers and older sons went to the harvest fields of the World. I knew a father and four sons who agreed that one of them must stay at home ; and they pulled straws from a stack to see who might go. The father was left. The next day he came into the camp, saying : " Mother says she can get the crops in, and I am going, too." I know large Methodist churches from which every male member went to the army. Do you want to know HISTORY OP THE STATE OP ILLINOIS. 131 what these heroes from Illinois did in the field ? Ask any soldier with a good record of his own, who is thus able to judge, and he will tell you that the Illinois men went in to win. It is common history that the greater victories were won in the West. When everything else looked dark Illi nois was gaining victories all down the river, and dividing the confederacy. Sherman took with him on his great march forty-five regiments of Illinois infantry, three companies of artillery, and one company of cavalry. He could not avoid GOING TO THE SEA. If he had been killed, I doubt not the men would have gone right on. Lincoln answered all rumors of Sherman's defeat with, " It is impossible ; there is a mighty sight of fight in 100,000 Western men." Illinois soldiers brought home 300 battle-flags. The flrst United States flag that floated over Richmond was an Illinois fl'ag. She sent messengers and nurses to every field and hospital, to care for her sick and wounded sons. She said, " These suffering ones are my sons, and I will care for them." When individuals had given all, then cities and towns came forward with their credit to the extent of many millions, to aid these men and their families. Illinois gave the country the great general of the war — Ulysses S. Grant — since honored with two terms of the Presidency of the United States. One other name from Illinois comes up in all minds,- embalmed in all hearts, that must have the supreme place in this story of our glory and of our nation's honor ; that name is Abraham Lincoln, of Illinois. The analysis of Mr. Lincoln's character is difficult on account of its symmetry. In this age we look with admiration at his uncompromising honesty. And well we may, for this saved us. Thousands throughout the length and breadth of our country who knew him only as " Honest Old Abe." voted for him on that account ; and wisely did they choose, for no other man could have carried us through the fearful night of the war. When his plans were too vast for our comprehension, and his faith in the cause too subUme for our participation ; when it was all night about us, and all dread before us, and all sad and desolate behind us ; when not one ray shone upon our cause ; when traitors were haughty and exultant at the South, and fierce and blasphemous at the North ; when the loyal men here seemed almost in the minority ; when the stoutest heart quailed, the bravest cheek paled ; when generals were defeating each other for place, and contractors were leeching out the very heart's blood of the prostrate republic : when every thing else had failed us, we looked at this calm, patient man standing like a rock in the storm, and said : " Mr. Lincoln 132 HISTORY OF THE STATE OP ILLINOIS. is honest, and we can trust him still." Holding to this single point with the energy of faith and despair we held together, and, under God, he brought us through to victory. His practical wisdom made him the wonder of all lands. With. such certainty did Mr. Lincoln follow causes to their ultimate effects, that his foresight of contingencies seemed almost prophetic. He is radiant with all the great virtues, and his memory shall shed a glory upon this age that shall fill the eyes of men as they look into his tory. Other men have excelled him in some point, but, taken at all points, all in all, he stands head and shoulders above every other man of 6,000 years. An administrator, he saved the nation in the perils of unparalleled civil war. A statesman, he justified his measures by their s-dccess. A philanthropist, he gave liberty to one race and salvation to another. A moralist, he bowed from the summit of human power to the foot of the Cross, and became a Christian. A mediator, he exercised mercy under the most absolute abeyance to law. A leader, he was no partisan. A commander, he was untainted with blood. A ruler in desperate times, he was unsullied with crime. A man, he has left no word of passion, no thought of malice, no trick of craft, no act of jealousy, no purpose of selfish ambition. Thus perfected, without a model, and without a peer, he was dropped into these troubled years to adorn and embellish all that is good and all that is great in our humanity, and to present to all coming time the representative of the divine idea of free government. It is not too much to say that away down in the future, when the republic has fallen from its niche in the wall of time ; when the great war itself shall have faded out in the distance like a mist on the horizon ; when the Anglo-Saxon language shall be spoken only by the tongue of the stranger ; then the generations looking this way shall see the great president as the supreme figure in this vortex of history CHICAGO. It is impossible in our brief space to give more than a meager sketch of such a city as Chicago, which is in itself the greatest marvel of the Prairie State. This mysterious, majestic, mighty city, born first of water, and next of fire; sown in weakness, and raised in power; planted among the willows of the marsh, and crowned with the glory of the mountains ; sleeping on the bosom of the prairie, and rocked on the bosom of the sea, the youngest city of the world, and still the eye of the prairie, as Damas cus, the oldest city of the world, is the eye of the desert. With a com merce far exceeding that of Corinth on her isthmus, in the highway to the East ; with the defenses of a continent piled around her by the thou sand miles, making her far safer than Rome on the banks of the Tiber ; HISTORY op THE STATE OP ILLINOIS. 13S B ^ o 134 HISTORY OP THE STATE OF ILLINOIS. with schools eclipsing Alexandria and Athens ; with liberties more con spicuous than those of the old republics ; with a heroism equal to the first Carthage, and with a sanctity scarcelj^ second to that of Jerusalem — set your thoughts on all this, lifted into the eyes of all men by the miracle of its growth, illuminated by the flame of its fall, and transfigured by the divinity of its resurrection, and you will feel, as I do, the utter impossi bility of compassing this subject as it deserves. Some impression of her importance is received from the shock her burning gave to the civilized world. When the doubt of her calamity was removed, and the horrid fact was accepted, there went a shudder over all cities, and a quiver over all lands. There was scarcely a town in the civilized world that did not shake on the brink of this opening chasm. The flames of our homes red dened all skies. The city was set upon a hill, and could not be hid. All eyes were turned upon it. To have struggled and suffered amid the scenes of its fall is as distinguishing as to have fought at Thermopylae, or Salamis, or Hastings, or Waterloo, or Bunker Hill. Its calamity amazed the world, because it was felt to be the common property of mankind. The early history of the city is full of interest, just as the early his tory of such a man as Washington or Lincoln becomes public property, and is cherished by every patriot. Starting with 560 acres in 1833, it embraced and occupied 23,000 acres iu 1869, and, having now a population of more than 500,000, it com mands general attention. The first settler — Jean Baptiste Pointe au Sable, a mulatto from the West Indies — came and began trade with the Indians in 1796. John Kinzie became his successor in 1804, in which year Fort Dearborn was erected. A mere trading-post was kept here from that time till about the time of the Blackhawk war, in 1832. It was not the city. It was merely a cock crowing at midnight. The morning was not yet. In 1833 the set tlement about the fort was incorporated as a town. The voters were divided on the propriety of such corporation, twelve voting for it and one against it. Four years later it was incorporated as a city, and embraced 560 acres. The produce handled in this city is an indication of its power. Grain and flour were imported from the East till as late as 1837. The first exportation by way of experiment was in 1839. Exports exceeded imports first in 1842. The Board of Trade was organized in 1848, but it was so weak that it needed nursing till 1855. Grain was purchased by the wagon-load in the street. I remember sitting with my father on a load of wheat, in the long HISTORY OP THE STATE OP ILLINOIS. 135 line of wagons along Lake street, while the buyers came and untied the bags, and examined the grain, and made their bids. That manner of business had to cease with the day of small things. Now our elevators will hold 15,000,000 bushels of grain. The cash value of the produce handled in a year is $215,000,000, and the produce weighs 7,000,000 tons or 700,000 car loads. This handles thirteen and a half ton each minute, all the year round. One tenth of all the wheat in the United States is handled in Chicago. Even as long ago as 1853 the receipts of grain in Chicago exceeded those of the goodly city of St. Louis, and in 1854 the exports of grain from Chicago exceeded those of New York and doubkd those of St. Petersburg, Archangel, or Odessa, the largest grain markets in Europe. The manufacturing interests of the city are not. contemptible. In 1873 manufactories employed 45,000 operatives ; in 1876, 60,000. The manufactured product in 1875 was worth $177,000,000. No estimate of the size and power of Chicago would be adequate that did not put large emphasis on the railroads. Before they came thundering along our streets canals were the hope of our country. But who ever thinks now of traveling by canal packets ? In June, 1852, there were only forty miles of railroad connected with the city. The old Galena division of the Northwestern ran out to Elgin. But now, who can count the trains and measure the roads that seek a terminus or connection in this city ? The lake stretches away to the north, gathering in to this center all the harvests that might otherwise pass to the north of us. If you will take a map and look at the adjustment of railroads, you will see, first, that Chicago is the great railroad center of the world, as New York is the commercial city of this continent ; and, second, that the railroad lines form the iron spokes of a great wheel whose hub is this city. The lake furnishes the only break in the spokes, and this seems simply to have pushed a few spokes together on each shore. See the eighteen trunk lines, exclusive of eastern connections. Pass round the circle, and view their numbers and extent. There is the great Northwestern, with all its branches, one branch creeping along the lake shore, and so reaching to the north, into the Lake Superior regions, away to the right, and on to the Northern Pacific on the left, swingmg around Green Bay for iron and copper and silver, twelve months in the year, and reaching out for the wealth of the great agricultural belt and isothermal Une traversed by the Northern Pacific. Another branch, not so far north, feeling for the heart of the Badger State. Another pushing lower down the Mississippi — all these make many con nections, and tapping all the vast wheat regions of Minnesota, Wisconsin, Iowa, and all the regions this side of sunset. There is that elegant road, the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy, running out a goodly number of 136 HISTORY OP THE STATE OP ILLINOIS. OLD FOET DEAEBOEN, 1830. PBBSENT SITE OF LAKE STEEET BEIDGE, CHICAGO, IN 1833. HISTORY OP THE STATE OF ILLINOIS. 137 branches, and reaping the great fields this side of the Missouri River. I can only mention the Chicago, Alton & St. Louis, our Illinois Central, described elsewhere, and the Chicago & Rock Island. Further around we come to the lines connecting us with all the eastern cities. The Chicago, Indianapolis & St. Louis, the Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne & Chicago, the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern, and the Michigan Cen tral and Great Western, give us many highways to the seaboard. Thus we reach the Mississippi at flve points, from St. Paul to Cairo and the Gulf itself by two routes. We also reach Cincinnati and Baltimore, and Pitts burgh and Philadelphia, and New York. North and south run the water courses of the lakes and the rivers, broken just enough at this point to make a pass. Through this, from east to west, run the long lines that stretch from ocean to ocean. This is the neck of the glass, and the golden sands of commerce must pass into our hands. Altogether we have more than 10,000 miles of railroad, directly tributary to this city, seeking to unload their wealth in our coffers. All these roads have come themselves by the infallible instinct of capital. Not a dollar was ever given by the city to secure one of them, and only a small per cent, of stock taken originally by her citizens, and that taken simply as an investment. Coming in the natural order of events, they will not be easily diverted. There is still another showing to all this. The connection between New York and San Francisco is by the middle route. This passes inevit ably through Chicago. St. Louis wants the Southern Pacific or Kansas Pacific, and pushes it out through Denver, and so on up to Cheyenne. But before the road is fairly under way, the Chicago roads shove out to Kansas City, making even the Kansas Pacific a feeder, and actually leav ing St. Louis out in the cold. It is not too much to expect that Dakota, Montana, and Washington Territory will find their great market in Chi- But these are not all. Perhaps I had better notice here the ten or fifteen new roads that have just entered, or are just entering, our city. Their names are all that is necessary to give. Chicago & St. Paul, look ing up the Red River country to the British possessions ; the Chicago, Atlantic & Pacific ; the Chicago, Decatur & State Line ; the Baltimore & Ohio ; the Chicago, Danville & Vincennes ; the Chicago & LaSalle Rail road ; the Chicago, Pittsburgh & Cincinnati ; the Chicago and Canada Southern ; the Chicago and IlUnois River Railroad. These, with their connections, and with the new connections of the old roads, already in process of erection, give to Chicago not less than 10,000 miles of new tributaries from the richest land on the continent. Thus there wUl be added to the reserve power, to the capital within reach of this city, not less than $1,000,000,000. 138 HISTORY OP THE STATE OF ILLINOIS, Add to all this transporting power the ships that sail one every nine minutes of the business hours of the season of navigation ; add, also, the canal boats that leave one every five minutes during the same time — and you will see something of the business of the city. THE COMMERCE OF THIS CITY has been leaping along to keep pace with the growth of the country around us. In 1852, our commerce reached the hopeful sum of $20,000,000. In 1870 it reached $400,000,000. In 1871 it was pushed up above $450,000,000. And in 1875 it touched nearly double that. One-half of our imported goods come directly to Chicago. Grain enough is exported directly from our docks to the old world to employ a semi-weekly line of steamers of 3,000 tons capacity. This branch is not likely to be greatly developed. Even after the great Welland Canal is completed we shall have only fourteen feet of water. The great ocean vessels will continue to control the trade. The banking capital of Chicago is $24,431,000. Total exchange in 1875, $659,000,000. Her wholesale business in 1875 was $294,000,000. The rate of taxes is less than in any other great city. The schools of Chicago are unsurpassed in America. Out of a popu lation of 300,000 there were only 186 persons between the ages of six and twenty-one unable to read. This is the best known record. ' In 1831 the mail system was condensed into a half-breed, who went on foot to Niles, Mich., once in two weeks, and brought back what papers and news he could find. As late as 1846 there was often only one mail a week. A post-office was established in Chicago in 1833, and the post master nailed up old boot-legs on one side of his shop to serve as boxes for the nabobs and literary men. It is an interesting fact in the growth of the young city that in the active life of the business men of that day the mail matter has grown to a daily average of over 6,500 pounds. It speaks equally well for the intelligence of the people and the commercial importance of the place, that the mail matter distributed to the territory immediately tributary to Chicago is seven times greater than that distributed to the territory immediately tributary to St. Louis. The improvements that have characterized the city are as startling as the city itself. In 1831, Mark Beaubien established a ferry over the river, and put himself under bonds to carry all the citizens free for the privilege of charging strangers. Now there are twenty-four large bridges and two tunnels. In 1833 the government expended $30,000 on the harbor. Then commenced that series of manoeuvers with the river that has made it one HISTORY OP THE STATE OP ILLINOIS. ISt) of the world's curiosities. It used to wind around in the lower end of the town, and make its way rippling over the sand into the lake at the foot of Madison street. They took it up and put it down where it now is. It was a narrow stream, so narrow that even moderately small crafts had to go up through the willows and cat's tails to the point near Lake street bridge, and back up one of the branches to get room enough in which to turn around. In 1844 the quagmires in the streets were first pontooned by plank roads, which acted in wet weather as public squirt-guns. Keeping you out of the mud, they compromised by squirting the mud over you. The wooden-block pavements came to Chicago in 1857. In 1840 water was dehvered by peddlers in carts or by hand. Then a twenty-five horse power engine pushed it through hollow or bored logs along the streets till 1854, when it was introduced into the houses by new works. The first fire-engine was used in 1835, and the first steam fire-engine in 1859. Gas was utiHzed for lighting the city in 1850. The Young Men's Chris tian Association was organized in 1858, and horse railroads carried them to their work in 1859. The museum was opened in 1863. The alarm telegraph adopted in 1864. The opera-house built in 1865. The city grew from 560 acres in 1833 to 23,000 in 1869. In 1834, the taxes amounted to $48.90, and the trustees of the town borrowed $60 more for opening and improving streets. In 1835, the legislature authorized a loan of $2,000,''and the treasurer and street commissioners resigned rather than plunge the town into such a gulf. Now the city embraces 36 square miles of territory, and has 30 miles of water front, besides the outside harbor of refuge, of 400 acres, inclosed by a crib sea-wall. One-third of the city has been raised up an average of eight feet, giving good pitch to the 263 miles of sewerage. The water of the city is above all competition. It is received through two tunnels extending to a crib in the lake two miles from shore. The closest analy sis fails to detect any impurities, and, received 35 feet below the surface, it is always clear and cold. The first tunnel is five feet two inches in diameter and two miles long, and can deliver 50,000,000 of gallons per day. The second tunnel is seven feet in diameter and six miles long, running four miles under the city, and can deliver 100,000,000 of gal lons per day. This water is distributed through 410 mUes of water- mains. The three grand engineering exploits of the city are : First, lifting the city up on jack-screws, whole squares at a time, without interrupting the business, thus giving us good drainage ; second, running the tunnels under the lake, giving us the best water in the world ; and third, the turning the current of the river in its own channel, deUvering us from the old abominations, and making decency possible. They redound about 140 HISTORY OP THE STATE OP ILLINOIS. equally to the credit of the engineering, to the energy of the people, and to the health of the city. That which really constitutes the city, its indescribable spirit, its soul, the way it lights up in every feature in the hour of action, has not been touched. In meeting strangers, one is often surprised how some homely women marry so well. Their forms are bad, their gait uneven and awk ward, their complexion is dull, their features are misshapen and mismatch ed, and when we see them there is no beauty that we should desire them. But when once they are aroused on some subject, they put on new pro portions. They light up into great power. The real person comes out from its unseemly ambush, and captures us at will. They have power. They have ability to cause things to come to pass. We no longer wonder why they are in such high demand. So it is with our city. There is no grand scenery except the two seas, one of water, the other of prairie. Nevertheless, there is a spirit about it, a push, a breadth, a power, that soon makes it a place never to be forsaken. One soon ceases to believe in impossibilities. Balaams are the only prophets that are disappointed. The bottom that has been on the point of falUng out has been there so long that it has grown fast. It can not fall out. It has all the capital of the world itching to get inside the corporation. The two great laws that govern the gr6wth and size of cities are, first, the amount of territory for which they are the distributing and receiving points ; second, the number of medium or moderate dealers that do this distributing. Monopolists buUd up themselves, not the cities. They neither eat, wear, nor live in proportion to their business. Both these laws help Chicago. The tide of trade is eastward — not up or down the map, but across the map. The lake runs up a -wingdam for 500 miles to gather in the business. Commerce can not ferry up there for seven months in the year, and the facilities for seven months can do the work for twelve. Then the great region west of us is nearly all good, productive land. Dropping south into the trail of St. Louis, you fall into vast deserts and rocky dis tricts, useful in holding the world together. St. Louis and Cincinnati, instead of rivaling and hurting Chicago, are her greatest sureties of dominion. They are far enough away to give sea-room, — farther off than Paris is from London, — and yet they are near enough to prevent the springing up of any other great city between them, St. Louis will be helped by the opening of the Mississippi, but also hurt. That will put New Orleans on her feet, and with a railroad running over into Texas and so West, she will tap the streams that now crawl uji the Texas and Missouri road. The current is East, not North, and a sea- j port at New Orleans can not permanently help St. Louis. Chicago is in the field almost alone, to handle the wealth of one- HISTORY OP THE STATE OP ILLINOIS. 141 fourth of the territory of this great republic. This strip of seacoast divides its margins between Portland, Boston, New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore and Savannah, or some other great port to be created for the South in the next decade. But Chicago has a dozen empires casting their treasures into her lap. On a bed of coal that can run all the machinery of the world for 500 centuries ; in a garden that can feed the race by tl^e thousand years; at the head of the lakes that give her a temperature as a summer resort equaled by no great city in the land ; with a climate that insures the health of her citizens ; surrounded by all the great deposits of natural wealth in mines aud forests and herds, Chicago is the wonder of to-day, and will be the city of the future. MASSACRE AT FORT DEARBORN. During the war of 1812, Fort Dearborn became the theater of stirring events. The garrison consisted of fifty-four men under command of Captain Nathan Heald, assisted by Lieutenant Helm (son-in-law of Mrs. Kinzie) and Ensign Ronan, Dr. Voorhees was surgeon. The only resi dents at the post at that time were the wives of Captain Heald and Lieu tenant Helm, and a few of the soldiers, Mr. Kinzie and his family, and a few Canadian voyageurs, with their wives and children. The soldiers and Mr, Kinzie were on most friendly terms with the Pottawattamies and Winnebagos, the principal tribes around them, but they could not win them from their attachment to the British. One evening in April, 1812, Mr. Kinzie sat playing on his violin and his children were dancing to the music, when Mrs. Kinzie came rushing into the house, pale with terror, and exclaiming: "The Indians! the Indians!" "What? Where?" eagerly inquired Mr. Kinzie. "Up at Lee's, killing and scalping," answered the frightened mother, who, when the alarm was given, was attending Mrs. Barnes (just confined) hving not far off. Mr. Kinzie and his family crossed the river and took refuge in the fort, to which place Mrs, Barnes and her infant not a day old were safely conveyed. The rest of the inhabitants took shelter in the fort. This alarm was caused by a scalping party of Winnebagos, who hovered about the fort several days, when they disappeared, and for several weeks the inhabitants were undisturbed. On the 7th of August, 1812, General HuU, at Detroit, sent orders to Captain Heald to evacuate Fort Dearborn, and to distribute all the United States property to the Indians in the neighborhood — a most insane order. The Pottawattamie chief, who brought the dispatch, had more wisdom than the commanding general. He advised Captain Heald not to make the distribution. Said he : " Leave the fort and stores as they are, and let the Indians make distribution for themselves; and while they are engaged in the business, the white people may escape to Fort Wayne." HISTORY OP THB STATE OF ILLINOIS. 143 Captain Heald held a council with the Indians on the afternoon ot the 12th, in which his officers refused to join, for they had been informed that treachery was designed — ^that the Indians intended to murder the white people in the council, and then destroy those in the fort. Captain Heald, however, took the precaution to open a port-hole displaying a cannon pointing directly upon the councU, and by that means saved his hfe. Mr. Kinzie, who knew the Indians weU, begged Captain Heald not to confide in their promises, nor distribute the arms and munitions among them, for it would only put power into their hands to destroy the whites. Acting upon this advice, Heald resolved to withhold the munitions of war ; and on the night of the 13th, after the distribution of the other property had been made, the powder, baU and liquors were thrown into the river, the muskets broken up and destroyed. Black Partridge, a friendly chief, came to Captain Heald, and said : " Linden birds have been singing in my ears to-day: be careful on the march you are going to take," On that dark night vigilant Indians had crept near the fort and discovered the destruction of their promised booty going on within. The next morning the powder was seen floating on the surface of the river. The savages were exasperated and made loud com plaints and threats. On the following day when preparations were making to leave the fort, and aU the inmates were deeply impressed with a sense of impend ing danger, Capt. Wells, an uncle of Mrs. Heald, was discovered upon the Indian trail among the sand-hills oi; the borders of the lake, not far distant, with' a band of mounted Miamis, of whose tribe he was chief, having been adopted by the famous Miami warrior. Little Turtle. When news of Hull's surrender reached Fort Wayne, he had started with this force to assist Heald in defending Fort Dearborn. He was too late. Every means for its defense had been destroyed the night before, and arrangements were made for leaving the fort on the morning of the 15th, It was a warm bright morning in the middle of August. Indications were positive that the savages intended to murder the white people ; and when they moved out of the southern gate of the fort, the march was hke a funeral procession. The band, feeling the solemnity of the occa sion, struck up the Dead March in Saul. Capt. Wells, who had blackened his face with gun-powder in token of his fate, took the lead with his band of Miamis, followed by Capt. Heald, with his wife by his side on horseback. Mr. Kinzie hoped by his personal influence to avert the impending blow, and therefore accompanied them, lea-nng his family in a boat in charge of a friendly Indian, to be taken to his trading station at the site of NUes, Michigan, in the event ot his death. 144 HISTORY OP THE STATE OP ILLINOIS. HISTORY OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS. 145 The procession moved slowly along the lake shore till they reached the sand-hills between the prairie and the beach, when the Pottawattamie escort, under the leadership of Blackbird, filed to the right, placing those hills between them and the white people. Wells, with his Miamis, had kept in the advance. They suddenly came rushing back. Wells exclaim ing, " They are about to attack us ; form instantly." These words were quickly followed by a storm of bullets, which came whistling over the little hills which the treacherous savages had made the covert for their murderous attack. The white troops charged upon the Indians, drove them back to the prairie, and then the battle was waged between fifty- four soldiers, twelve civilians and three or four women (the cowardly Miamis having fled at the outset) against five hundred Indian warriors. The white people, hopeless, resolved to sell their lives as dearly as possible. Ensign Ronan wielded his weapon vigorously, even after falling upon his knees weak from the loss of blood. Capt. Wells, who was by the side of his niece, Mrs. Heald, when the conflict began, behaved with the greatest coolness and courage. He said to her, " We have not the slightest chance for life. We must part to meet no more in this world. God bless you." And then he dashed forward. Seeing a young warrior, painted like a demon, climb into a wagon in which were twelve children, and tomahawk them all, he cried out, unmindful of his personal danger, " If that is your game, butchering women and children, I will kill too." He spurred his horse towards the Indian camp, where they had left their squaws and papooses, hotly pursued by swift-footed young warriors, who sent bullets whistling after him. One of these killed his horse and wounded him severely in the leg. With a yell the young braves rushed to make him their prisoner and reserve him for torture. He resolved not to be made a captive, and by the use of the most provoking epithets tried to induce them to kill him instantly. He called a fiery young chief a squaw, when the enraged warrior killed Wells instantly with his tomahawk, jumped upon his body, cut out his heart, and ate a portion of the warm morsel with savage delight ! In this fearful combat women bore a conspicuous part. Mrs. Heald was an excellent equestrian and an expert in the use of the rifle. She fought the savages bravely, receiving several severe wounds. Though faint from the loss of blood, she managed to keep her saddle. A savage raised his tomahawk to kill her, when she looked him full in the face, and with a sweet smile and in a gentle voice said,, in his own language, " Surely you will not kill a squaw ! " The arm of the savage fell, and the life of the heroic woman was saved. Mrs. Helm, the step-daughter of Mr. Kinzie, had an encounter with a stout Indian, who attempted to tomahawk her. Springing to one side, she received the glancing blow on her shoulder, and at , the same instant 146 HISTORY OP THB STATE OF ILLINOIS. seized the savage round the neck with her arms and endeavored to get hold of his scalping knife, which hung in a sheath at his breast. While she was thus struggling she was dragged from her antagonist by anothei' powerful Indian, who bore her, in spite of her struggles, to the margin of the lake and plunged her in. To her astonishment she was held by him so that she would not drown, and she soon perceived that she was in the hands of the friendly Black Partridge, who had saved her life. The wife of Sergeant Holt, a large and powerful woman, behaved as bravely as an Amazon. She rode a fine, high-spirited horse, which the Indians coveted, and several of them attacked her with the butts of their guns, for the purpose of dismounting her ; but she used the sword which she had snatched from her disabled husband so skillfully that she foiled them ; and, suddenly wheeling her horse, she dashed over the prairie, followed by the savages shouting, " The brave woman ! the brave woman ! Don't hurt her ! " They finally overtook her, and while she was fighting them in front, a powerful savage came up behind her, seized her by the neck and dragged her to the ground. Horse and woman were made captives. Mrs. Holt was a long time a captive among the Indians, but was afterwards ransomed. In this sharp conflict two-thirds of the white people were slain and wounded, and all their horses, baggage and provision were lost. Only twenty-eight straggling men now remained to flght five hundred Indians rendered furious by the sight of blood. They succeeded in breaking through the ranks of the murderers and gaining a slight eminence on the prairie near the Oak Woods. The Indians did not pursue, but gathered on their flanks, while the chiefs held a consultation on the sand-hills, and showed signs of willingness to parley. It would have been madness on the part of the whites to renew the fight ; and so Capt. Heald went for ward and met Blackbird on the open prairie, where terms of surrender were soon agreed upon. It was .arranged that the white people should give up their arms to Blackbird, and that the survivors should become prisoners of war, to be exchanged for ransoms as soon as practicable, With this understanding captives and captors started for the Indian camp near the fort, to which Mrs. Helm had been taken bleeding and suffering by Black Partridge, and had met her step-father and learned that her husband was safe. A new scene of horror was now opened at the Indian camp. The wounded, not being included in the terms of surrender, as it was inter preted by the Indians, and the British general. Proctor, having offered a liberal bounty for American scalps, delivered at Maiden, nearly all the wounded men were killed and scalped, and the price of the trophies was afterwards paid by the British government. [deciased) OREGON AV HISTORY OP THE STATE OP ILLINOIS. 149 SHABBONA. This celebrated Indian chief, whose portrait appears in this work, deserves more than a passing notice. Although Shabbona was not so con spicuous as Tecumseh or Black Hawk, yet in point of merit he was superior to either of them. Shabbona was born at an Indian viUage on the Kankakee River, now in Will County, about the year 1775. While young he was made chief of the band, and went to Shabbona Grove, now DeKalb County, where they were found in the early settlement of the county, I- ths war of 1812 Sfcabbona. with his warriors joined Teeiitnseh. was? 160 HISTORY OP THE STATE OP ILLINOIS. aid to that great chief, and stood by his side when he fell at the battle of the Thames. At the time of the Winnebago war, in 1827, he visited almost every village among the Pottawatomies, and by his persuasive arguments prevented them from taking part in the war. By request of the citizens of Chicago, Shabbona, accompanied by Billy Caldwell (Sauganash), visited Big Foot's village at Geneva Lake, in order to pacify the warriors, as fears were entertained that they were about to raise the tomahawk against the whites. Here Shabbona was taken prisoner by Big Foot, and his life threatened, but on the following day was set at liberty. From that time the Indians (through reproach) styled him " the white man's friend," and many times his life was endangered. Before the Black Hawk war, Shabbona met in council at two differ ent times, and by his influence prevented his people from taking part with the Sacs and Foxes. After the death of Black Partridge and Senachwine, no chief among the Pottawatomies exerted so much influence as Shabbona. Black Hawk, aware of this influence, visited him at two different times, in order to enlist him in his cause, but was unsuccessful. While Black Hawk was a prisoner at Jefferson Barracks, he said, had it not been for Shabbona the whole Pottawatomie nation would have joined his standard, and he could have continued the war for years. To Shabbona many of the early settlers of Illinois owe the pres' ervation of their lives, for it is a well-known fact, had he not notified the people of their danger, a large portion of them would have faUen victims to the tomahawk of savages. By saving the lives of whites he endangered his own, for the Sacs and Foxes threatened to kill him, and made two attempts to execute their threats. They killed Pypeogee, his son, and Pyps, his nephew, and hunted him down as though he was a wild beast. Shabbona had a reservation of two sections of land at his Grove, but by leaving it and going west for a short time, the Government declared the reservation forfeited, and sold it the same as other vacant land. On Shabbona's return, and finding his possessions gone, he was very sad and broken down in spirit, and left the Grove for ever. The citizens of Ottawa raised money and bought him a tract of land on the Illinois River, above Seneca, in Grundy County, on which they built a house, and supplied him with means to live on. He lived here until his death, which occurred on the 17th of July, 1859, in the eighty-fourth year of his age, and was buried with great pomp in the cemetery at Morris. , His squaw, Pokanoka, was drowned in Mazen Creek, Grundy County, on the 30th of November, | 1864, and was buried by his side. In 1861 subscriptions were taken up in many of the river towns, to erect a monument over the remains of Shabbona, but the war breaking out, the enterprise was abandoned. Only a plain marble slab marks the resting-place of this friend of the white man. Abstract of Illinois State Laws. BILLS OF EXCHANGE AND PROMISSORY NOTES. No promissory note, check, draft, bill of exchange, order, or note, nego tiable instrument payable at sight, or on demand, or on presentment, shall be entitled to days of grace. All other bills of excharige, drafts or notes are entitled to three days of grace. All the above mentioned paper falling due on Sunday, New Years' Day, the Fourth of July, Christmas, or any day appointed or recommended by the President of the United States or the Governor of the State as a day of fast or thanksgiving, shall be deemed as due on the day previous, and should two or more of these days come together, then such instrument shall be treated as due on the day previous to the first of said days. iVo defense can be made against a negotiable instrument (^assigned before due') in the hands of the assignee without notice, except fraud was used in obtaining the same. To hold an indorser, due diligence must be used by suit, in collecting of the maker, unless suit would have been unavailing. Notes payable to person named or to order, in order to absolutely transfer title, must be indorsed by the payee. Notes payable to bearer may be transferred hy delivery, and when so payable every indorser thereon is held as a guarantor of payment unless otherwise expressed. In computing interest or discount on negotiable instruments, a month shall be considered a calendar month or twelfth of a year, and for less than a month, a day sha^ll be figured a thirtieth part of a month. Notes only bear interest when so expressed, but after due they draw the legal interest, even if not s'tated. INTEREST. The legal rate of interest is six per cent. Parties may agree in writ ing on a rate not exceeding ten per cent. If a rate of interest greater than ten per cent, is contracted for, it works a forfeiture of the whole of said interest, and only the principal can be recovered. DESCENT. When no will is made, the property of a deceased person is distrib uted as follows : 151 152 ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. First. To his or her children and their descendants in equal parts; the descendants of the deceased child or grandchild taking the share of their deceased parents in equal parts among them. Second. Where there is no child, nor descendant of such chUd, and no widow or surviving husband, then to the parents, brothers and sisters of the deceased, and their descendants, in equal parts, the surviving parent, if either be dead, taking a double portion ; and if there is no parent living, then to the brothers and sisters of the intestate and their descendants. Third. When there is a widow or surviving husband, and no child or children, or descendants of the same, then one-half of the real estate and the whole of the personal estate shall descend to such widow or surviving husband, absolutely, and the other half of the real estate shall descend as in other cases where there is no child or children or descendants of the same. Fourth, When there is a widow or surviving husband and also a child or children, or descendants of the latter, then' owe third of all the personal estate to the widow or surviving husband absolutely. Fifth. If there is no child, parent, brother or sister, or descendants of either of them, and no widow or surviving husband, then in equal parts to the next of kin to the intestate in equal degree. Collaterals shaU not be represented except with the descendants of brothers and sisters of the intestate, and there shall be no distinction between kindred of the whole and the half blood. Sixth. If any intestate leaves a widow or surviving husband and wo kindred, then to such widow or surviving husband ; and if there is no such widow or surviving husband, it shall escheat to and vest in the county where the same, or the greater portion thereof, is situated. WILLS AND ESTATES OF DECEASED PERSONS. No exact form of words are necessary in order to make a will good at law. Every male person of the age of twenty-one years, and eveij female of the age of eighteen years, of sound mind and memory, can make a valid will ; it must be in writing, signed by the testator or by some one in his or her presence and by his or her direction, and attested by two or more credible witnesses. Care should be taken that the witnesses are not inter ested in the will. Persons knowing themselves to have been named in the will or appointed executor, must within thirty days of the death of deceased cause the will to be proved and recorded in the proper county, or present it, and refuse to accept ; on failure to do so are liable to forfeit the sum of tiventy dollars per month. Inventory to be made by executor or administrator within three months from date of letters testamentary or ABSTRACT OP ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. 153 of administration. Executors' and administrators' compensation not to exceed six per cent, on amount of personal estate, and three per cent. on money realized from real estate, with such additional allowance as shall be reasonable for extra services. Appraisers' compensation $2 pel day. Notice requiring all claims to be presented against the estate shall bfi given by the executor or administrator within six months of being quali fied. Any person having a claim and not presenting it at the time fixed by said notice is required to have summons issued notifying the executor or administrator of his having filed his claim in court ; in such cases the costs have to be paid by the claimant. Claims should be filed within two years from the time administration is granted on an estate, as after that time they are forever barred, unless other estate is found that was not in ventoried. Married women, infants, persons insane, imprisoned or without the United States, in the employment of the United States, or of this State, have two years after their disabilities are removed to file claims. Claims are classified and paid out of the estate in the following manner : First, Funeral expenses. Second. The widow's award, if there is a widow ; or children if there . are children, and no widow. Third. Expenses attending the last illness, not including physician's biU. Fourth. Debts due the common school or township fund. Fifth, All expenses of proving the will and taking out letters testa mentary or administration, and settlement of the estate, and the physi cian's bill in the last illness of deceased. Sixth, Where the deceased has received money in trust for any pur pose, his executor or administrator shall pay out of his estate the amount received and not accounted for. Seventh, All other debts and demands of whatsoever kind, without regard to quality or dignity, which shall be exhibited to the court within two years from the granting of letters. Award to Widow and Children, exclusive of debts and legacies or be quests, except funeral expenses : First, The family pictures and wearing apparel, jewels and ornaments of herself and minor children. Second, School books and the family library of the value of $100. Third. One sewing machine. Fourth. Necessary beds, bedsteads and bedding for herself and family. Fifth. The stoves and pipe used in the family, with the necessary cooking utensils, or in case they have none, $50 in money. Sixth. Household and kitchen furniture to the value of $100. Seventh. One milch cow and calf for every four members of her family. 154 ABSTRACT OP ILLISrOIS STATE LAWS. Eighth, Two sheep for each member of her family, and the fleeces taken from the same, and one horse, saddle and bridle. Ninth, Provisions for herself and family for one year. Tenth, Food for the stock above specified for six months. Eleventh, Fuel for herself and family for three months. Twelfth, One hundred dollars worth of other property suited to her condition in life, to be selected by the widow. The widow if she elects may have in lieu of the said award, the same personal property or money in place thereof as is or may be exempt from execution or attachment against the head of a family. TAXES. The owners of real and personal property, on the first day of May in each year, are liable for the taxes thereon. Assessments should be completed before the fourth Monday in June, at which time the town board of review meets to examine assessments, hear objections, and make such changes as ought to be made. The county board have also power to correct or change assessments. The tax books are placed in the hands of the town collector on or before the tenth day of December, who retains them until the tenth day of March following, when he is required to return them to the county treasurer, who then collects all delinquent taxes. No costs accrue on real estate taxes till advertised, which takes place the first day of April, when three weeks' notice is required before judg ment. Cost of advertising, twenty cents each tract of land, and ten cents each lot. Judgment is usually obtained at May term of County Court. Costs six cents each tract of land, and five cents each lot. Sale takes place in June. Costs in addition to those before mentioned, twenty-eight cents each tract of land, and twenty-seven cents each town lot. Real estate sold for taxes may be redeemed any time before the expi ration of two years from the date of sale, hj payment to the Courvty Clerk of the amount for which it was sold and twenty-five per cent, thereon if redeemed within six months, fifty per cent, if between six and twelve months, if between twelve and eighteen months seventy-five per cent., and if between eighteen months and two years one hundred per cent., and in addition, all subsequent taxes paid by the purchaser, with ten per cent, interest thereon, also one dollar each tract if notice is given by the purchaser of the sale, and a fee of twenty-five cents to the clerk for his certificate, JURISDICTION OF COURTS. Justices have jurisdiction in all civil cases on contracts for the recovery of moneys for damages for injury to real property, or taking, detaining, or ABSTRACT OP ILLINOIS STATE LAWS, 155 injuring personal property ; for rent; for all cases to recover damages done real or personal property by railroad companies, in actions of replevin, and in actions for damages for fraud in the sale, purchase, ov exchange of per sonal property, when the amount claimed as due is not over $200. They have also jurisdiction in all cases for violation of the ordinances of cities, towns or villages. A justice of the peace may orally order an officer or a private person to arrest any one committing or attempting to commit a criminal offense. He also upon complaint can issue his warrant for the arrest of any person accused of having committed a crime, and have him broi^ht before him for examination, COUNTY COURTS Have jurisdiction in all matters of probate (except in counties having a population of one hundred thousand or over), settlement of estates of deceased persons, appointment of guardians and conservators, and settle ment of their accounts ; aU matters relating to apprentices ; proceedings for the collection of taxes and assessments, and in proceedings of executors, administrators, guardians and conservators for the sale of real estate. In law cases they have concurrent jurisdiction with Circuit Courts in aU cases where justices of the peace now have, or hereafter may have, jurisdiction when the amount claimed shall not exceed $1,000, and in all criminal offenses where the punishment is not imprisonment in the peni tentiary, or death, and in all cases of appeals from justices of the peace and police magistrates ; excepting when the county judge is sitting as a justice of the peace. Circuit Courts have unlimited jurisdiction. LIMITATION OF ACTION. Accounts five years. Notes and written contracts ten years. Judg ments twenty years. Partial payments or new promise in writing, within or after said period, will revive the debt. Absence from the State deducted, and when the cause of action is barred by the law of another State, it has the same effect here. Slander and libel, one year. Personal injuries, two years. To recover land or make entry thereon, twenty years. Action to foreclose mortgage or trust deed, or make a sale, within ten years. All persons in possession of land, and paying taxes for seven consecu tive years, with color of title, and all persons paying taxes for seven con secutive years, with color of title, on vacant land, shall be held to be the legal owners to the extent of their paper title. MARRIED WOMEN May sue ahd he sued. Husband and wife not liable for each other's debts, either before or after marriage, but both are liable for expenses and edu cation of the family, 4 156 ABSTRACT OP ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. She may contract the same as if unmarried, except that in a partner ship business she can not, without consent of her husband, unless he has abandoned or deserted her, or is idiotic or insane, or confined in peniten tiary ; she is entitled and can recover her own earnings, but neither hus band nor wife is entitled to compensation for any services rendered for the other. At the death of the husband, in addition to widow's award, a married woman has a dower interest (one-third) in all real estate owned by her husband after their marriage, and which has not been released by her, and the husband has the same interest in the real estate of the wife at her death. EXEMPTIONS FROM FORCED SALE. Home worth $1,000, and the following Personal Property : Lot of ground and buildings thereon, occupied as a residence by the debto~r, being a house holder and having a family, to the value of $1,000. Exemption continues after the death of the householder for the benefit of widow and family, some one of them occupying the homestead until youngest child shall become twenty-one years of age, and until death of widow. There is no exemption from sale for taxes, assessments, debt or liability incurred for the purchase or improvement of said homestead. No release or waiver of exemption is valid, unless in writing, and subscribed by such householder and wife (if he have one), and acknowledged as conveyances of real estate are required to be acknowledged. The following articles of personal property owned by the debtor, are exempt from execution, writ of attachment, and distress for rent : The necessary wearing apparel. Bibles, school books and family pictures of every person ; and, 2d, one hundred dollars worth of other property to be selected by the debtor, and, in addition, when the debtor is the head of a family and resides with the satne, three hundred dollars worth of other property to be selected by the debtor ; provided that such selection and exemption shall not be made by the debtor or allowed to him or her from any money, salary or wages due him or her from any person or persons or corporations whatever. When the head of a family shall die, desert or not reside with the same, the family shall be entitled to and receive all the benefit and priv ileges which are by this act conferred upon the head of a family residing with the same. No personal property is exempt from execution when judgment is obtained for the wages of laborers or servants. Wages of a laborer who is the head of a family can not be garnisheed, except the sum due him be in excess of $25. ABSTRACT OP ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. 157 DEEDS AND MORTGAGES. To be valid there must he a valid consideration. Special care should be taken to have them signed, sealed, delivered, and properly acknowl edged, with the proper seal attached. Witnesses are not required. The acknowledgement must be made in this state, before Master in Chancery, Notary Public, United States Commissioner, Circuit or County Clerk, Justice of Peace, or any Court of Record having a seal, or any Judge, Justice, or Clerk of any such Court. When taken before a Notary Public, or United States Commissioner, the same shall be attested by his official seal, when taken before a Court or the Clerk thereof, the same shall be attested by the seal of such Court, and when taken before a Justice of the Peace resid ing out of the county where the real estate to be conveyed lies, there shall be added a certificate of the County Clerk under his seal of office, that he was a Justice of the Peace in the county at the time of taking the same. A deed is good without such certificate attached, but can not be used in e-vidence unless such a certificate is produced or other competent evidence introduced. Acknowledgements made out of the state must either be executed according to the laws of this state, or there should be attached a certificate that it is in conformity with the laws of the state or country where executed. Where this is not done the same may be proved by any other legal way. Acknowledgments where the Homestead rights are to be waived must state as follows : " Including the release and waiver of the right of homestead." Notaries Public can take acknowledgements any where in the state. Sheriffs, if authorized by the mortgagor of real or personal property in his mortgage, may sell the property mortgaged. In the case of the death of grantor or holder of the equity of redemp tion of real estate mortgaged, or conveyed by deed of trust where equity of redemption is waived, and it contains power of sale, must be foreclosed in the same manner as a common mortgage in court. ESTRAYS. Horses, mules, asses, neat cattle, swine, sheep, or goats found straying at any time during the year, in counties where such animals are not allowed to run at large, or between the last, day of October and the 15th day of April in other counties, the owner thereof being unknown, may be taken up as estrays. No person not a householder- in the county where estray is found can lawfully take up an estray, and then only upon or about his farm or place of residence. Estrays should not be used before advertised, except animals giving milk, which may be milked for their benefit. 168 ABSTRACT OP ILLINOIS STATE LAWS, Notices must be posted up within five (5) days in three (3) of the most pubUc places in the town or precinct in which estray was found, giv ing the residence of the taker up, and a particular description of the estray, its age, color, and marks natural and artificial, and stating before what justice of the peace in such town or precinct, and at what time, not less than ten (10) nor more than fifteen (15) days from the time of post ing such notices, he will apply to have the estray appraised. A copy of such notice should be filed by the taker up with the town clerk, whose duty it is to enter the same at large, in a hook kept by him for that purpose. If the owner of estray shall not have appeared and proved ownership, and taken the same away, first paying the taker up his reasonable charges for taking up, keeping, and advertising thesame, the taker up shall appear before the justice of the peace mentioned in above mentioned notice, and make an affidavit as required by law. As the affidavit has to he made before the justice, and all other steps as to appraisement, etc., are before him, who is famUiar therewith, they are therefore omitted here. Any person taking up an estray at any other place than about or upon his farm or residence, or without complying with the law, shall forfeit and pay a fine of ten dollars with costs. Ordinary diligence is required in taking care of estrays, but in case they die or get away the taker is not liable for the same, GAME. It is unlawful for any person to kill, or attempt to kill or destroy, in any manner, any prairie hen or chicken or woodcock between the 15th day of January and the 1st day of September ; or any deer, fawn, wild-turkey, partridge or pheasant between the 1st day of February and the 1st day of October ; or any quail between the 1st day of February and 1st day of November ; or any wild goose, duck, snipe, brant or other water fowl between the 1st day of May and 15th day of August in each year. Penalty : Fine not less than $5 . nor more than $25, for each bird or animal, and costs of suit, and stand committed to county jail until fine is paid, but not exceeding ten days. It is unlawful to hunt with gun, dog or net within the inclosed grounds or lands of another without permission. Penalty: Fine not less than $3 nor more than $100, to be paid into school fund, WEIGHTS AND MEASURES. Whenever any of the foUowing articles shall be contracted for, or sold or delivered, and no special contract or agreement shall be made to the contrary, the weight per bushel shall be as follows, to-wit : ABSTRACT OP ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. 159 Stone Coal, - Unslacked Lime, Corn in the ear. Wheat,Irish Potatoes, White Beans, Clover Seed, - Onions,SheUed Corn, Rye,Flax Seed, Sweet Potatoes, - Turnips, Fine Salt, Pounds. - 80 Buckwheat, - - 80 Coarse Salt, 70 60 Barley, - Corn Meal, - 60 Castor Beans, - 60 60 - 57 Timothy Seed, Hemp Seed, Malt, - 56 Dried Peaches, 56 Oats, - - 5655 Dried Apples, Bran, - 55 Blue Grass Seed, 55 Hair (plastering) Pounds. 52 - 50 48 - 484645 44 383332 - 2420 14 Penalty for giving less than the above standard is double the amount of property wrongfully not given, and ten dollars addition thereto. MILLERS. The owner or occupant pf every public grist mill in this state shall grind all grain brought to his mill in its turn. The toll for both steam and water mills, is, for grinding and bolting wheat, rye, or other grain, one eighth part; for grinding Indian corn, oats, barley and buckwheat not required to be bolted, one seventh part; for grinding malt, and chopping all kinds of grain, one eighth part. It is the duty of every miller when his mill is in repair, to aid and assist in loading and unloading all grain brought to him to be ground, and he is also required to keep an accurate half bushel measure, and an accurate set of toll dishes or scales for weighing the grain. The penalty for neglect or refusal to comply with the law is $5, to the use of any person to sue for the same, to be recovered before any justice of the peace of the county where penalty is incurred. Millers are accountable for the safe keeping of all grain left in his mill for the purpose of being ground, with bags or casks containing same (except it results from unavoidable accidents), provided that such bags or casks are distinctly marked with the initial letters of the owner's name. MARKS AND BRANDS. Owners of cattle, horses, hogs, sheep or goats may have one ear mark and one brand, but which shall be different from his neighbor's, and may be recorded by the county clerk of the county in which such property is kept. The fee for such record is fifteen cents. The record of such shall be open to examination free of charge. In cases of disputes as to marks or brands, ,such record is prima facie evidence. Owners, of cattle, horses, hogs, sheep or goats that may have been branded by the former owner, 160 ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. may be re-branded in presence of one or more of his neighbors, who shall certify to the facts of the marking or branding being done, when done, and in what brand or mark they were re-branded or re-marked, which certificate may also be recorded as before stated. ADOPTION OF CHILDREN. Children may be adopted by any resident of this state, by filing a petition in the Circuit or County Court of the county in which he resides, asking leave to do so, and if desired may ask that the name of the child be changed. Such petition, if made by a person having a husband or wife, will not be granted, unless the husband or wife joins therein, as the adoption must be by them jointly. The petition shall state name, sex, and age of the child, and the new name, if it is desired to change the name. Also the name and residence of the parents of the child, if known, and of the guardian, if any, and whether the parents or guardians consent to the adoption. The court must find, before granting decree, that the parents of th child, or the survivors of them, have deserted his or her family or such child for one year next preceding the application, or if neither are living, the guardian ; if no guardian, the next of kin in this state capable of giving consent, has had notice of the presentation of the petition and consents to such adoption. If the child is of the age of fourteen years or upwards, the adoption can not be made without its consent. SURVEYORS AND SURVEYS. There is in every county elected a surveyor known as county sur veyor, who has power to appoint deputies, for whose official acts he is responsible. It is the duty of the county surveyor, either by himself or his deputy, to make all surveys that he may be called upon to make within his county as soon as may be after application is made. The necessary chainmen and other assistance must be employed by the person requiring the same to be done, and to be by him paid, unless otherwise agreed; but the chainmen must be disinterested persons and approved by the surveyor and sworn by him to measure justly and impartially. The County Board in each county is required by law to provide a copy of the United States field notes and plats of their surveys of the lands in the county to be kept in the recorder's office subject to examination by the public, and the county surveyor is required to make his surveys in conformity to said notes, plats and the laws of the United States gov erning such matters. The surveyor is also required to keep a record of all surveys made by him, which shall be subject to inspection by any one interested, and shall be delivered up to his successor in office. A ABSTRACT OP ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. 161 certified copy of the said surveyor's record shall be prima facie evidence of its contents. The fees of county surveyors are six dollars per day. The county surveyor is also ex officio inspector of mines, and as such, assisted by some practical miner selected by him, shall once each year inspect all the mines in the county, for which they shall each receive such compensa tion as may be fixed by the County Board, not exceeding $5 a day, to be paid out of the county treasury. ROADS AND BRIDGES. Where practicable from the nature of the ground, persons traveling in any kind of vehicle, must turn to the right of the center of the road, so as to permit each carriage to pass without interfering with each other. The penalty for a violation of this provision is $5 for every offense, to be recovered by the party injured ; but to recover, there must have occurred some injury to person or property resulting from the violation. The owners of any carriage traveling upon any road in this State for the conveyance of passengers who shall employ or continue in his employment as driver any person who is addicted to drunkenness, or the excessive use of spiritous liquors, after he has had notice of the same, shall forfeit, at the rate of $5 per day, and if any driver while actually engaged in driving any such carriage, shall be guilty of intoxication to such a degree as to endanger the safety of passengers, it shall be the duty of the owner, on recei-ving written notice of the fact, signed by one of the passengers, and certijied by him on oath, forthwith to discharge such driver. If such owner shall have such driver in his employ ivithin three months after such notice, he is liable for $5 per day for the time he shall keep said driver in his employment after receiving such notide. Persons driving any carriage on any public highway are prohibited from running their horses upon any occasion under a penalty of a fine not exceeding $10, or imprisonment not exceeding sixty days, at the discre tion of the court. Horses attached to any carriage used to convey passen gers for hire must be properly hitched or the lines placed in the hands of some other person before the driver leaves them for any purpose. For violation of this provision each driver shall forfeit twenty dollars, to be recovered by action, to be commenced within six months. It is under stood by the term carriage herein to mean any carriage or vehicle used for the transportation of passengers or goods or either of them. The commissioners of highways in the different towns have the care and superintendence of highways and bridges therein. They have all the powers necessary to lay out, vacate, regulate and repair all roads? build and repair bridges. In addition to the above, it is their duty to i erect and keep in repair at the forks or crossing-place of the most 162 ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. important roads post and guide boards with plain inscriptions, gi-ving directions and distances to the most noted places to which suck road may lead; also to make provisions to prevent thistles, burdock, and cockle burrs, mustard, yellow dock, Indian mallow and jimson weed from seeding, and to extirpate the same as far as practicable, and to prevent all rank growth of vegetation on the public highways so far as the same may obstruct public travel, and it is in their discretion to erect watering places for public use for watering teams at such points as may be deemed advisable. The Commissioners, on or before the 1st day of May of each year, shall make out and deliver to their treasurer a list of aU able-bodied men in their town, excepting paupers, idiots, lunatics, and such others as are exempt by law, and assess against each the sum of two doUars as a poll tax for highway purposes. Within thirty days after such Ust is delivered they shall cause a written or printed notice to be given to each person so assessed, notifying him of the time when and place where such tax must be paid, or its equivalent in labor performed ; they may contract with persons owing such poll tax to perform a certain amount of labor on any road or bridge in payment of the same, and if such tax is not paid nor labor performed by the first Monday of July of such year, or within ten days after notice is given after that time, they shaU bring suit therefor against such person before a justice of the peace, who shall hear and determine the case according to law for the offense complained of, and shall forthwith issue an execution, directed to any constable of the county where the delinquent shall reside, who shall forthwith coUect the moneys therein mentioned. The Commissioners of Highways of each town shall annually ascer tain, as near as practicable, how much money must be raised bytaxonreal and personal property for the making and repairing of roads, only, to any amount they may deem necessarj^, not exceeding forty cents on each one hundred dollars' worth, as valued on the assessment roU of the pre-vious year. The tax so levied on property lying within an incorporated village, town or city, shall be paid over to the corporate authorities of such town, village or city. Commissioners shall receive $1.50 for each day neces sarily employed in the discharge of their duty. Overseers. At the first meeting the Commissioners shall choose one of their number to act General Overseer of Highways in their township, whose duty it shall be to take charge of and safely keep all tools, imple ments and machinery belonging to said town, and shall, by the direction of the Board, have general supervision of all roads and bridges in their town. ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS, 163 As all township and county officers are familiar with their duties, it is only intended to give the points of the law that the public should be familiar with. The manner of laying out, altering or vacating roads, etc., will not be here stated, as it would require more space than is contem plated in a work of this kind. It is sufficient to state that, the first step is by petition, addressed to the Commissioners, setting out what is prayed for, giving the names of the owners of lands if known, if not known so state, over which the road is to pass, giving the general course, its place of beginning, and where it terminates. It requires not less than twelve freeholders residing within three miles of the road who shall sign the petition. Pubhc roads must not be less than fifty feet wide, nor more than sixty feet wide. Roads not exceeding two miles in length, if peti tioned for, may be laid out, not less than forty feet. Private roads for private and pubUc use, may be laid out of the width of three rods, on petition of the person directly interested ; the damage occasioned thereby shall be paid by the premises benefited thereby, and before the road is opened. If not opened in two years, the order shall be considered rescinded. Commissioners in their discretion may permit persons who live on or have private roads, to work out their road tax thereon. Public roads must be opened in five days from date of filing order of location, or be deemed vacated, DRAINAGE. Whenever one or more owners or occupants of land desire to construct I 'drain or ditch across the land of others for agricultural, sanitary or wining purposes, the proceedings are as follows : File a petition in the Circuit or County Court of the county in which the proposed ditch or drain is to be constructed, setting forth the neces sity for the same, with a description of its proposed starting point, route and terminus, and if it shall be necessary for the drainage of the land or coal mines or for sanitary purposes, that a drain, ditch, levee or similar work be constructed, a description of the same. It shall also set forth the names of aU persons owning the land over' which such drain or ditch shall be constructed, or if unknown stating that fact. No private property shaU be taken or damaged for the purpose of constructmg a ditch, drain or levee, without compensation, if claimed by the owner, the same to be ascertained by a jury ; but if the construction of such ditch, drain or levee shaU be a benefit to the owner, the same shall be a set off against such compensation. If the proceedings seek to affect the property of a minor, lunatic or married woman, the guardian, conservator or husband of the same shall be made party defendant. The petition may be amended and parties ma;de defendants at any time when it is necessary to a fair trial. 164 ABSTRACT OP ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. When the petition is presented to the judge, he shall note therftjin when he will hear the same, and order the issuance of summonses aad the publication of notice to each non-resident or unknown defendant. The petition may be heard by such judge in vacation as well as in term time. Upon the trial, the jury shall ascertain the just compensation to each owner of the property sought to be damaged by the construction of such ditch, drain or levee, and truly report the same. As it is only contemplated in a work of this kind to give an abstract of the laws, and as the parties who have in charge the execution of the further proceedings are likely to be familiar with the requirements of the statute, the necessary details are not here inserted. WOLF SCALPS. The County Board of any county in this State may hereafter alluw such bounty on wolf scalps as the board may deem reasonable. Any person claiming a bounty shall produce the scalp or scalps with the ears thereon, within sixty days after the wolf or wolves shall have been caught, to the Clerk of the County Board, who shaU administer to said person the following oath or affirmation, to-wit: " You do solemnly swear (or affirm, as the case may be), that the scalp or scalps here pro duced by you was taken from a wolf or wolves killed and first captured by yourself within the limits of this county, and within the sixty days last past." CONVEYANCES. When the reversion expectant on a lease of any tenements or here ditaments of any tenure shall be surrendered or merged, the estate which shall for the time being confer as against the tenant under the same lease the next vested right to the same tenements or hereditaments, shall, to the extent and for the purpose of preserving such incidents to and obH- gations on the same reversion, as but for the surrender or merger thereof, would have subsisted, be deemed the reversion expectant on the same lease. PAUPERS. Every poor person who shall be unable to earn a livelihood in conse quence of any bodily infirmity, idiocy, lunacy or unavoidable cause, shall be supported by the father, grand-father, mother, grand-mother, children, grand-chUdren, brothers or sisters of such poor person, if they or either of them be of sufficient abUity ; but if any of such dependent class shall have become so from intemperance or other had conduct, they shall not be entitled to support from any relation except parent or child. W. p. FLAGG (deceased) ROCHELLE ABSTRACT OP ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. 167 The children shall first be called on to support their parents, if they are able ; but if not, the parents of such poor person shall then be called on, if of sufficient ability ; and if there be no parents or children able, then the brothers and sisters of such dependent person shall be called upon ; and if there be no brothers or sisters of sufficient ability, the grand-children of such person shall next be called on ; and if they are not able, then the grand-parents. Married females, while their husbands Uve, shall not be liable to contribute for the support of their poor relations except out of their separate property. It is the duty of the state's (county) attorney, to make complaint to the County Court of his county against all the relatives of such paupers in this state liable to his support and prosecute the same. In case the state's attorney neglects, or refuses, to complain in such cases, then it is the duty of the overseer of the poor to do so. The person called upon to contribute shall have at least ten days' notice of such application by summons. The court has the power to determine the kind of support, depending upon the circumstances of the parties, and may also order two or more of the different degrees to main tain such poor person, and prescribe the proportion of each, according to their ability. The court may specify the time for which the relative shall contribute — ^in fact has control over the entire subject matter, with power to enforce its orders. Every county (except those in which the poor are supported by the towns, and in such cases the towns are liable) is required to relieve and support all poor and indigent persons lawfully resident therein. Residence means the actual residence of the party, or the place where he was Anployed ; or in case he was in no employment, then it shall be the place where he made his home. When any person becomes chargeable as a pauper in any county or town who did not reside at the commencement of six months immediately preceding his becoming so, but did at that time reside in some other county or town in this state, then the county or town, as the case may be, becomes liable for the expense of taking care of such person until removed, and it is the duty of the overseer to notify the proper authorities of the fact. If any person shall bring and leave any pauper in any county in this state where such pauper had no legal residence, knowing him to be such, he is liable to a fine of $100. In counties under township organization, the supervisors in each town are ex-officio overseers of the poor. The overseers of the poor act under the directions of the County Board in taking care of the poor and granting of temporary relief; also, providing for non-resident persons not paupers who may be taken sick and not able to pay their way, and in case of death cause such person to be decently buried. The residence of the inmates of poorhouses and other charitable institutions for voting purposes is their former place of abode. 168 ABSTRACT OP ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. FENCES. In counties under township organization, the town assessor and com missioner of highways are the fence-viewers in their respective to-svns. In other counties the County Board appoints three in each precinct annu ally. A lawful fence is four and one-half feet high, in good repair, con sisting of rails, timber, boards, stone, hedges, or whatever the fence- viewers of the town or precinct where the same shall lie, shall consider equivalent thereto, but in counties under township organization the annual town meeting may establish any other kind of fence as such, or the County Board in other counties may do the same. Division fences shall be made and maintained in just proportion by the adjoining owners, except when the owner shall choose to let his land lie open, but after a division fence is built by agreement or otherwise, neither party can remove his part of such fence so long as he may crop or use such land for farm purposes, or without giving the other party one year's notice in writing of his intention to remove his portion. When any person shall enclose his land upon the enclosure of another, he shall refund the owner of the adjoining lands a just pro portion of the value at that time of such fence. The value of fence and the just proportion to be paid or built and maintained by each is to he ascertained by two fence-viewers in the town or precinct. Such fence- viewers have power to settle all disputes between different owners as to fences built or to be built, as well as to repairs to be made. Each party chooses one of the viewers, but if the other party neglects, after eight days' notice in writing, to make his choice, then the other party may select both. It is sufficient to notify the tenant or party in possession, when the owner is not a resident of the town or precinct. The two fence-viewers chosen, after viewing the premises, shall hear the state ments of the parties , in case they can't agree, they shall select another fence-viewer to act with them, and the decision of any two of them is final. The decision must be reduced to writing, and should plainly set out description of fence and all matters settled by them, and must be filed in the office of the town clerk in counties under township organiza tion, and in other counties with the county clerk. Where any person is liable to contribute to the erection or the repairing of a division fence, neglects or refuses so to do, the party injured, after giving sixty days notice in writing when a fence is to be erected, or ten days when it is only repairs, may proceed to have the work done at the expense of the party whose duty it is to do it, to be recovered from him with costs of suit, and the party so neglecting shall also be liable to the party injured for all damages accruing from such neglect or refusal, to be determined by any two fence-viewers selected as before provided, the appraisement to be reduced to writing and signed. ABSTRACT OP ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. 169 Where a person shall conclude to remove his part of a division fence, and let his land lie open, and having given the year's notice required, the adjoining owner may cause the value of said fence to be ascertained by fence-viewers as before provided, and on payment or tender of the amount of such valuation to the owner, it shall prevent the removal. A party removing a division fence without notice is liable for the damages accruing thereby. "Where a fence has been built on the land of another through mis take, the owner may enter upon such premises and remove his fence and material within oix months after the division line has been ascertained. Where the material to build such a fence has been taken from the land on which it was built, then before it can be removed, the person claiming must first pay for such material to the owner of the land from which it was taken, nor shaU such a fence be removed at a time when the removal wUl throw open or expose the crops of the other party ; a reasonable time must be given beyond the .six months to remove crops. The compensation .of fence-viewers is one dollar and fifty cents a day each, to be paid in the first instance by the party calling them, but in the end all expenses, including amount charged by the fence-viewers, must be paid equally by the parties, except in cases where a party neglects or refuses to make or mainitain a just proportion of a division fence, when the party in default shall pay them. DAMAGES FROM TRESPASS. Where stock of any kind breaks into any person's enclosure, the fence being good and sufficient, the owner is liable for the damage done ; but where the damage is done by stock running at large, contrary to law, the owner is liable where thrsre is not such a fence. Where stock is found trespassing on the enclosure, of another as aforesaid, the owner oi occupier of the premises may take possession of such stock and keep the same until damages, with reasonable charges for keeping and feeding and all costs of suit, are paid. Any person taking or rescuing such stock so held without his consent, shall be liable to a fine of not less than three nor more than five doUars for each animal rescued, to be recovered by suit before a justice of the peace for the use of the school fund. Within twenty-four hours after taking such animal into his possession, the per son taking it up must give notice of the fact to the owner, if known, or if unknown, notices must be posted in some public place near the premises. LANDLORD AND TENANT. The owner of lands, or his legal representatives, can sue for and recover rent therefor, in any of the following cases : First. When rent is due and in arrears on a lease for Ufe or Uves. 5 170 ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS, Second. When lands are held and occupied by any person -without any special agreement for rent. Third. When possession is obtained under an agreement, written or verbal, for the purchase of the premises and before deed given, the right to possession is terminated by forfeiture on con-compliance with the agreement, and possession is wrongfully refused or neglected to be giver. upon demand made in writing by the party entitled thereto. Provided that all payments made by the vendee or his representatives or assigns, may be set off against the rent. Fourth. When land has been sold upon a judgment or a decree of court, when the party to such judgment or decree, or person holding under him, wrongfully refuses, or neglects, to surrender possession of the same, after demand in writing by the person entitled to the possession. Fifth, When the lands have been sold upon a mortgage or trust deed, and the mortgagor or grantor or person holding under him, wrong fully refuses or neglects to surrender possession of the same, after demand in writing by the person entitled to the possession. If any tenant, or any person who shall come into possession from or under or by collusion with such tenant, shall willfully hold over any lands, etc., after the expiration the term of their lease, and after demand made in writing for the possession thereof, is liable to pay double rent, A tenancy from year to year requires sixty days notice in writing, to termi nate the same at the end of the year ; such notice can be given at any time within four months preceding the last sixty days of the year. A tenancy by the month, or less than a year, where the tenant holds over without any special agreement, the landlord may terminate the tenancy, by thirty days notice in writing. When rent is due, the landlord may serve a notice upon the tenant, stating that unless the rent is paid within not less than five days, his lease will be terminated ; if the rent is not paid, the landlord may consider the lease ended. When default is made in any of the terms of a lease, it shall not be necessary to give more than ten days notice to quit or of the termination of such tenancy ; and the same may be terminated on giving such notice to quit, at any time after such default in any of the terms of such lease ; which notice may be substantially in the following form, viz: To , You are hereby notified that, in consequence of your default in (^here insert the character of the default), of the premises now occupied by you, being etc. (here describe the premises), I have elected to deter mine your lease, and you are hereby notified to quit and deliver up pos session of the same to me within ten days of this date (dated, etc.) The above to be signed by the lessor or his agent, and no other notice or demand of possession or termination of such tenancy is necessary. Demand may be made, or notice served, by delivering a written or ABSTRACT OP ILLINOIS STATE LAWS, 171 printed, or partly either, copy thereof to the tenant, or leaving the same with some person above the age of twelve years residing on or in posses sion of the premises ; and in case no one is in the actual possession of the said premises, then by posting the same on the premises. When the tenancy is for a certain time, and the term expires by the terms of the lease, the tenant is then bound to surrender possession, and no notice to quit or demand of possession is necessary. Distress for rent, — In all cases of distress for rent, the landlord, by himself, his agent or attorney, may seize for rent any personal property of his tenant that may be found in the county where the tenant resides ; the property of any other person, even if found on the premises, is not liable. An inventory of the property levied upon, with a statement of the amount of rent claimed, should be at once filed with some justice of the peace, if not over $200 ; and if above that sum, with the clerk of a court of record of competent jurisdiction. Property may be released, by the party executing a satisfactory bond for double the amount. The landlord may distrain for rent, any time within six months after the expiration of the term of the lease, or when terminated. In all cases where the premises rented shall be sub-let, or the lease assigned, the landlord shall have the same right to enforce lien against such lessee or assignee, that he has against the tenant to whom the pre mises were rented. When a tenant abandons or removes from the premises or any part thereof, the landlord, or his agent or attorney, may seize upon any grain or other crops grown or growing upon the premises, or part thereof so abandoned, whether the rent is due or not. If such grain, or other crops, or any part thereof, is not fully grown or matured, the landlord, or his agent or attorney, shall cause the same to be properly cultivated, harvested or gathered, and may sell the same, and from the proceeds pay all his labor, expenses and rent. The tenant may, before the sale of such pro perty, redeem the same by tendering the rent and reasonable compensation for work done, or he may replevy the same. Exemption, — The same articles of personal property which are bylaw exempt from execution, except the crops as above stated, is also exempt from distress for rent. If any tenant is about to or shall permit or attempt to sell and remove from the premises, without the consent of his landlord, such portion of the crops raised thereon as will endanger the lien of the land lord upon such crops, for the rent, it shaU be lawful for the landlord to distress before rent is due. 172 ABSTRACT OP ILLINOIS STATE LAWS, LIENS, Any person who shall by contract, express or implied, or partly both, with the owner of any lot or tract of land, furnish labor or material, or services as an architect or superintendent, in building, altering, repairing or ornamenting any house or other building or appurtenance thereto on such lot, or upon any street or alley, and connected with such improve ments, shall have a lien upon the whole of such lot or tract of land, and upon such house or building and appurtenances, for the amount due to him for such labor, material or services. If the contract is expressed, a,m[ the time for the completion of the work is beyond three years from the com mencement thereof ; or, if the time of payment is beyond one year from the time stipulated for the completion of the work, then no lien exists. If the contract is implied, then no lien exists, unless the work be done or material is furnished within one year from the commencement of the work or delivery of the materials. As between different creditors having hens, no preference is given to the one whose contract was first made ; but each shares pro-rata. Incumbrances existing on the lot or tract of the land at the time the contract is made, do not operate on the improvements, and are only preferred to the extent of the value of the land at the time of making the contract. The above lien can not be enforced unless suit is commenced within six months after the last payment for labor or materials shall have become due and payable. Sub-contractors, mechanics, workmen and other persons furnishing any material, or performing any labor for a contractor as before specified, have a lien to the extent of the amount due the contractor at the time the following notice is served upon the owner of the land who made the contract: To , You are hereby notified, that I have been employed by (here state whether to labor or furnish material, and substantially the nature of the demand) upon your (here state in general terms description and situation of building), and that I shall hold the (building, or as the case may be), and your interest in the ground, liable for the amount that may (is or may become) due me on account thereof. Signature, Date, If there is a contract in writing between contractor and sub-contractor, a copy of it should be served with above notice, and said notice must be served within forty days from the completion of such sub-contract, if there is one ; if not, then from the time payment should have been made to the person performing the labor or furnishing the material. If the owner is not a resident of the county, or can not be found therein, then the above notice must be filed with the clerk of the Circuit Court, with his fee, fifty cents, and a copy of said notice must be published in a newspaper pub lished in the county, for four successive weeks. ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. ,173 When the owner or agent is notified as above, he can retain any money due the contractor sufficient to pay such claim ; if more than one claim, and not enough to pay all, they are to be paid pro rata. The owner has the right to demand in writing, a statement of the contractor, of what he owes for labor, etc., from time to time as the work progresses, and on his failure to comply, forfeits to the owner $50 for every offense. The liens referred to cover any and all estates, whether in fee for life, for years, or any other interest which the owner may have. To enforce the lien of sub-contractors, suit must be commenced within three months from the time of the performance of the sub-contract, or during the work or furnishing materials. Eotel, inn and hoarding-house keepers, have a lien upon the baggage and other valuables of their guests or boarders, brought into such hotel, inn or boarding-house, by their guests or boarders, for the proper charges due from such guests or boarders for their accommodation, board and lodgings, and such extras as are furnished at their request. Stable-keepers and other persons have a lien upon the horses, car riages and harness kept by them, for the proper charges due for the keep ing thereof and expenses bestowed thereon at the request of the owner or the person having the possession of the same. Agisters (persons who take care of cattle belonging to others), and persons keeping, yarding, feeding or pasturing domestic animals, shall have a lien upon the animals agistered, kept, yarded or fed, for the proper charges due for such service. All persons who may furnish any railroad corporation in this state with fuel, ties, material, supplies or any other article or thing necessary for the construction, maintenance, operation or repair of its road by con tract, or may perform work or labor on the same, is entitled to be paid as part of the current expenses of the road, and have a lien upon all its pro perty. , Sub-contractors or laborers have also a lien. The conditions and limitations both as to contractors and sub-contractors, are about the same as herein stated as to general liens. DEFINITION OF COMMERCIAL TERMS. $ means dollars, being a contraction of U. S., which was formerly placed before any denomination of money, and meant, as it means now, United States Currency. ¦£ means pounds, English money. @ stands for at or to, lb fov pound, and bbl. for barrel; '^ ior per or hy the. Thus, Butter seUs at 20 @ 30c f ft, and Flour at $8@12 f bbl. % for per cent and # for number. May 1.— -Wheat sells at $1,20@1,25, "seller June." Seller June 174 ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS, means that the person who seUs the wheat has the privilege of delivering it at any time during the month of June. Selling short, is contracting to deliver a certain amount of grain or stock, at a fixed price, within a certain length of time, when the seller has not the stock on hand. It is for the interest of the person selling " short," to depress the market as much as possible, in order that he may buy and fill his contract at a profit. Hence the " shorts " are termed "bears." Buying long, is to contract to purchase a certain amount of grain or shares of stock at a fixed price, deliverable within a stipulated time, expecting to make a profit by the rise of prices. The " longs " are termed "bulls," as it is for their interest to " operate " so as to "toss" the prices upward as much as possible. NOTES. Form of note is legal, worded in the simplest way, so that the amount and time of payment are mentioned. $100. Chicago, IU., Sept. 15, 1876. Sixty days from date I promise to pay to E. F. Bro-wn, or order, One Hundred dollars, for value received. L. D. Lowry. A note to be payable in any thing else than money needs only the facts substituted for money in the above form, ORDERS. Orders should be worded simply, thus : Mr. F. H. Coats: Chicago, Sept. 15, 1876. Please pay to H. Birdsall, Twenty-five dollars, and charge to F, D. Silva. RECEIPTS, Receipts should always state when received and what for, thus : $100. Chicago, Sept. 15, 1876. Received of J. W. Davis, One Hundred dollars, for services rendered in grading his lot in Fort Madison, on account. Thomas Brady, If receipt is in full it should be so stated. BILLS OF PURCHASE. W. N. Mason, Salem, Illinois, Sept, 15, 1876. Bought of A. A. Graham. 4 Bushels of Seed Wheat, at $1.50 - - - $6.00 2 Seamless Sacks " .30 - - .60 Received payment, $6.60 A. A. Graham. ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. 175 ARTICLES OF AGREEMENT. An agreement is where one party promises to another to do a certain thing in a certain time for a stipulated sum. Good business men always reduce an agreement to writing, which nearly always saves misunder standings and trouble. No particular form is necessary, but the facts must be clearly and explicitly stated, and there must, to make it valid, be a reasonable consideration. GENERAL FORM OF AGREEMENT. This Agreement, made the Second day of October, 1876, between John Jones, of Aurora, County of Kane, State of Illinois, of the first part, and Thomas Whiteside, of the same place, of the second part — WITNESSETH, that the said John Jones, in consideration of the agree ment of the party of the second part, hereinafter contained, contracts and agrees to and with the said Thomas Whiteside, that he will deliver, in good and marketable condition, at the Village of Batavia, 111., during the month of November, of this year. One Hundred Tons of Prairie Hay, in the following lots, and at the following specified times ; namely, twenty- five tons by the seventh of November, twenty-five tons additional by the fourteenth of the month, twenty-five tons more by the twenty-first, and the entire one hundred tons to be all delivered by the thirtieth of November. And the said Thomas Whiteside, in consideration of the prompt fulfillment of this contract, on the part of the party of the first part, contracts to and agrees with the said John Jones, to pay for said hay five dollars per ton, for each ton as soon as delivered. In case of failure of agreement by either of the parties hereto, it is hereby stipulated and agreed that the party so failing shall pay to the other. One Hundred Dollars, as fixed and settled damages. In witness whereof, we have hereunto set our hands the day and year first above written, John Jones, Thomas- Whiteside, AGREEMENT WITH CLERK FOR SERVICES. Tms Agreement, made the first day of May, one thousand eight hundred and seventy-six, between Reuben Stone, of Chicago, County of Cook, State of Illinois, party of the first part, and George Barclay, of Englewood, County of Cook, State of Illinois, party of the second part — - WITNESSETH, that said George Barclay agrees faithfully and dili gently to work as clerk and salesman for the said Reuben Stone, for and during the space of one year from the date hereof, should both ' live such length of time, without absenting himself from his occupation ; 176 ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS, during which time he, the said Barclay, in the store of said Stone, of Chicago, will carefully and honestly attend, doing and performing all duties as clerk and salesman aforesaid, in accordance and in all respects as directed and desired by the said Stone. In consideration of which services, so to be rendered by the said Barclay, the said Stone agrees to pay to said Barclay the annual sum of one thousand dollars, payable in twelve equal monthly payments, each upon the last day of each month ; provided that all dues for days of absence from business by said Barclay, shall be deducted from the sum otherwise by the agreement due and payable by the said Stone to the said Barclay. Witness our hands, Reuben Stone. George Barclay, BILLS OF SALE, A bill of sale is a written agreement to another party, for a consider ation to convey his right and interest in the personal property. The purchaser must take actual possession of the property. Juries have power to determine upon the fairness or unfairness of a bUl of sale, COMMON FORM OF BILL OF SALE. Know all Men by this instrument, that I, Louis Clay, of Princeton, Illinois, of the first part, for and in consideration of Five Hundred and Ten dollars, to me paid by John Floyd, of the same place, of the second part, the receipt whereof is hereby acknowledged, have sold, and by this instrument do convey unto the said Floyd, party of the second part, his executors, administrators, and assigns, my undivided half of ten acres of corn, now growing on the farm of Thomas Tyrrell, in the town above mentioned ; one pair of horses, sixteen sheep, and five cows, belonging to me, and in my possession at the farm aforesaid ; to have and to hold the same unto the party of the second part, his executors and assigns, forever. And I do, for myself and legal representatives, agree with the said party of the second part, and his legal representatives, to warrant and defend the sale of the afore-mentioned property and chattels unto the said party of the second part, and his legal representatives, against all and every person whatsoever. In witness whereof, I have hereunto affixed my hand, this tenth day of October, one thousand eight hundred and seventy-six. Louis Clay. BONDS. A bond is a written admission on the part of the maker in which he pledges a certain sum to another, at a certain time. ABSTRACT OP ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. 177 COMMON FORM OF BOND. Know all Men by this instrument, that I, George Edgerton, of Watseka, Iroquois County, State of Illinois, am firmly bound unto Peter Kirchoff, of the place aforesaid, in the sum of five hundred dollars, to be paid to the said Peter Kirchoff, or his legal representatives ; to which payment, to be made, I bind myself, or my legal representatives, by this instrument. Sealed with my seal, and dated this second day of November, one thousand eight hundred and sixty-four. The condition of this bond is such that if I, George Edgerton, my heirs, administrators, or executors, shall promptly pay the sum of two hundred and fifty dollars in three equal annual payments from the date hereof, with annual interest, then the above obligation to be of no effect ; otherwise to be in full force and valid. Sealed and delivered in presence of George Edgerton, [l.s.] William Turner, CHATTEL MORTGAGES. A chattel mortgage is a mortgage on personal property for payment of a certain sum of money, to hold the property against debts of other creditors. The mortgage must describe the property, and must be acknowledged before a justice of the peace in the township or precinct where the mortgagee resides, and entered upon his docket, and must be recorded in the recorder's office of the county. GENERAL FORM OF CHATTEL MORTGAGE. This Indenture, made and entered into this first day of January, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, between Theodore Lottinville, of the town of Geneseo in the County of Henry, and State of Illinois, party of the first part, and Paul Henshaw, of the same town, county, and State, party of the second part. Witnesseth, that the said party of the first part, for and in consider ation of the sum of one thousand dollars, in hand paid, the receipt whereof IS hereby acknowledged, does hereby grant, sell, convey, and confirm unto the said party of the second part, his heirs and assigns forever, all and singular the following described goods and chattels, to wit : Two three-year old roan-colored horses, one Burdett organ. No. 987, one Brussels carpet, 15x20 feet in size, one marble-top center table, one Home Comfort cooking stove. No. 8, one black walnut bureau with mirror attached, one set of parlor chairs (six in number), upholstered in green rep, with lounge corresponding with same in style and color of upholstery, now in possession of said Lottinville, at No. 4 Prairie Ave,, Geneseo, 111. ; 178 ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. Together with all and singular, the appurtenances thereunto belong ing, or in any wise appertaining ; to have and to hold the above described goods and chattels, unto the_said party of the second part, his heirs and assigns, forever. Provided, always, and these presents are upon this express condition, that if the said Theodore LottinviUe, his heirs, executors, administrators, or assigns, shall, on or before the first day of January, A.D., one thousand eight hundred and seventy-six, pay, or cause to be paid, to the said Paul Ranslow, or his lawful attorney or attorneys, heirs, executors, adminis trators, or assigns, the sum of One Thousand dollars, together with the interest that may accrue thereon, at the rate of ten per cent, per annum, from the first day of January, A.D. one thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, until paid, according to the tenor of one promissory note bearing even date herewith for the payment of said sum of money, that then and from thenceforth, these presents, and everything herein con tained, shall cease, and be null and void, anything herein contained to the contrary notwithstanding. Provided, also, that the said Theodore LottinviUe may retain the possession of and have the use of said goods and chattels untU the day of payment aforesaid ; and also, at his own expense, shall keep said goods and chattels ; and also at the expiration of said time of payment, if said sum of money, together with the interest as aforesaid, shall not be paid, shall deliver up said goods and chattels, in good condition, to said Paul Ranslow, or his heirs, executors, administrators, or assigns. And provided, also, that if default in payment as aforesaid, by said party of the first part, shall be made, or if said party of the second part shall at any time before said promissory note becomes due, feel himself unsafe or insecure, that then the said party of the second part, Or his attorney, agent, assigns, or heirs, executors, or administrators, shall have the right to take possession of said goods and chattels, wherever they may or can be found, and seU the same at public or private sale, to the highest bidder for cash in hand, after giving ten days' notice of the time and place of said sale, together with a description of the goods and chat tels to be sold, by at least four advertisements, posted up in public places in the vicinity where said sale is tb take place, and proceed to make the sum of money and interest promised as aforesaid , together with all reason able costs, charges, and expenses in so doing ; and if there shall be any overplus, shall pay the same without delay to the said party of the first part, or his legal representatives. In testimony whereof, the said party of the first part has hereunto set his hand and affixed his seal, the day and year first above written. Signed, sealed and delivered in presence of Theodore Lottinvillb. [l-S.] Samuel J. Tilden. ABSTRACT OP ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. 179 LEASE OF FARM AND BUILDINGS THEREON. This Indenture, made this second day of June, 1875, between David Patton of the Town of Bisbee, State of Illinois, of the first part, and John Doyle of the same place, of the second part, Witnesseth, that the said David Patton, for and in consideration of the covenants hereinafter mentioned and reserved, on the part of the said John Doyle, his executors, administrators, and assigns, to be paid, kept, and performed, hath let, and by these presents doth grant, demise, and let, unto the said John Doyle, his executors, administrators, ahd assigns, all that parcel of land situate in Bisbee aforesaid, bounded and described as follows, to wit : \_Here describe the land,'\ Together with all the appurtenances appertaining thereto. To have and to hold the said premises, with appurtenances thereto belonging, unto the said Doyle, his executors, administrators, and assigns, for the term of five years, from the first day of October next following, at a yearly rent of Six Hundred dollars, to be paid in equal payments, semi-annually, as long as said buildings are in good tenantable condition. And the said Doyle, by these presents, covenants and agrees to pay all taxes and assessments, and keep in repair all hedges, ditches, rail, and other fences ; (the said David Patton, his heirs, assigns and administra tors, to fiunish all timber, brick, tile, and other materials necessary for such repairs.) Said Doyle further covenants and agrees to apply to said land, in a farmer-hke manner, all manure and compost accumulating upon said farm, and cultivate all the arable land in a husbandlike manner, accord ing to the usual custom among farmers in the neighborhood ; he also agrees to trim the hedges at a seasonable time, preventing injury from cattle to such hedges, and to all fruit and other trees on the said premises. That he -will seed down with clover and timothy seed twenty acres yearly of arable land, ploughing the same number of acres each Spring of land now in grass, and hitherto unbroken. It is further agreed, that if the said Doyle shall faU to perform the whole or any one of the above mentioned covenants, then and in that case the said David Patton may declare this lease terminated, by giving three months' notice of the same, prior to the first of October of any year, and may distrain any part of the stock, goods, or chattels, or other property in possession of said Doyle, for sufficient to compensate for the non-performance of the above written covenants, the same to be deter- mmed, and amounts so to be paid to be determined, by three arbitrators, chosen as foUows: Each of the parties to this instrument to choose one, 180 ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS, and the two so chosen to select a third ; the decision of said arbitrators to be final. In witness whereof, we have hereto set our hands and seals. Signed, sealed, and delivered in presence of David Patton. [l.s.] James Waldron. John Doyle, [l.s.] FORM OF LEASE OF A HOUSE, This Instrument, made the first day of October, 1875, witnesseth that Amos Griest of Yorkville, County of Kendall, State of lUinois, hath rented from Aaron Young of Logansport aforesaid, the dwelUng and lot No. 13 Ohio Street, situated in said City of Yorkville, for five years from the above date, at the yearly rental of Three Hundred dollars, pay able monthly, on the first day of each month, in advance, at the residence of said Aaron Young. At the expiration of said above mentioned term, the said Griest agrees to give the said Young peaceable possession of the said dweUing, in as good condition as when taken, ordinary wear and casualties excepted. In witness whereof, we place our hands and seals the day and year aforesaid. Signed, sealed and delivered Amos Griest, [l.s.] in presence of NiCKOLAS SCHUTZ, AaRON YoUNG.' [L.S.] Notary Public. LANDLORD'S AGREEMENT. This certifies that I have let and rented, this first day of January, 1876, unto Jacob Schmidt, my house and lot. No. 15 Erie Street, in the City of Chicago, State of Illinois, and its appurtenances ; he to have the free and uninterrupted occupation thereof for one year from this date, at the yearly rental of Two Hundred dollars, to be paid monthly in advance; rent to cease if destroyed by fire, or otherwise made untenantable. Peter Funk. TENANT'S AGREEMENT. This certifies that I have hired and taken from Peter Funk, his house and lot. No. 15 Erie Street, in the City of Chicago, State of Uli- nois, with appurtenances thereto belonging, for one year, to commence this day, at a yearly rental of Two Hundred dollars, to be paid monthly in advance ; unless said house becomes untenantable from fire or other causes, in which case rent ceases ; and I further agree to give and yield said premises one year from this first day of January 1876, in as good condition as now, ordinary wear and damage by the elements excepted. Given under my hand this day. JACOB SCHMIDX. abstract of ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. 181 NOTICE TO QUIT. To F. W. Arlen, Sir : Please observe that the term of one year, for which the house and land, situated at No. 6 Indiana Street, and now occupied by you, were rented to you, expired on the first day of October, 1875, and as I desire to repossess said premises, you are hereby requested and required to vacate the same. Respectfully Yours, P. T, Barnum, Lincoln, Neb., October 4, 1875, TENANT'S NOTICE OF LEAVING. Dear Sib: The premises I now occupy as your tenant, at No. 6 Indiana Street, I shall vacate on the first day of November, 1875. You will please take notice accordingly. Dated this tenth day of October, 1875. F. W, Arlen, To P. T. Barnum, Esq. REAL ESTATE MORTGAGE TO SECURE PAYMENT OF MONEY. This Indenture, made this sixteenth day of May, in the year of our Lord, one thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, between William Stocker, of Peoria, County of Peoria, and State of Illinois, and OUa, his wife, party of the first part, and Edward Singer, party of the second part. Whereas, the said party of the first part is justly indebted to the said party of the second part, in the sum of Two Thousand dollars, secured to be paid by two certain promissory notes (bearing even date herewith) the one due and payable at the Second National Bank in Peoria, Illinois, with interest, on the sixteenth day of May, in the year one thousand eight hundred and seventy-three ; the other due and payable at the Second National Bank at Peoria, 111., with interest, on the sixteenth day of May, in the year one thousand eight hundred and seventy-four. Now, therefore, this indenture witnesseth, that the said party of the first part, for the better securing the payment of the money aforesaid, with interest thereon, according to the tenor and effect of the said two promissory notes above mentioned ; and, also in consideration of the fur ther sum of one dollar to them in hand paid by the said party of the sec ond part, at the delivery of these presents, the receipt whereof is hereby acknowledged, have granted, bargained, sold, and conveyed, and by these presents do grant, bargain, sell, and convey, unto the said party of the second part, his heirs and assigns, forever, all that certain parcel of land, situate, etc, [^Describing the premises,} To have and to hold the same, together with all and singular the , Tenements, Hereditaments, Privileges and Appurtenances thereunto 182 ABSTRACT OP ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. belonging or in any wise appertaining. And also, all the estate, interest, and claim whatsoever, in law as well as in equity which the party of the first part have in and to the premises hereby conveyed unto the said party of the second part, his heirs and assigns, and to their only proper use, benefit and behoof. And the said William Stocker, and 011a, his wife, party of the first part, hereby expressly waive, reUnquish, release, and convey unto the said party of the second part, his heirs, executors, administrators, and assigns, all right, title, claim, interest, and benefit whatever, in and to the above described premises, and each and every part thereof, which is given by or results from all laws of this state per taining to the exemption of homesteads. Provided always, and these presents are upon this express condition, that if the said party of the first part, their heirs, executors, or adminis trators, shall well and truly pay, or cause to be paid, to the said party of the second part, his heirs, executors, administrators, or assigns, the afore said sums of money, with such interest thereon, at the time and in the manner specified in the above mentioned promissory notes, according to the true intent and meaning thereof, then in that case, these presents and every thing herein expressed, shall be absolutely null and void. In witness whereof, the said party of the first part hereunto set theii hands and seals the day and year first above written. Signed, sealed and delivered in presence of James Whitehead, William Stocker. [l.s.] Fred. Samuels. Olla Stocker. [l.s.] WARRANTY DEED WITH COVENANTS. This Indenture, made this sixth day of April, in the year of oui Lord one thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, between Henry Best of Lawrence, County of Lawrence, State of Illinois, and Belle, his wife, of the first part, and Charles Pearson of the same place, of the second part, Witnesseth, that the said party of the first part, for and in consideration of the sum of Six Thousand dollars in hand paid by the said party of the second part, the receipt whereof is hereby acknowledged, have granted, bargained, and sold, and by these presents do grant, bargain, and sell, unto the said party of the second part, his heirs and assigns, all the fol lowing described lot, piece, or parcel of land, situated in the City of Law rence, in the County of Lawrence, and State of Illinois, to wit : [Here describe the property,'} Together with all and singular the hereditaments and appurtenances thereunto belonging or in any wise appertaining, and the reversion and reversions, remainder and remainders, rents, issues, and profits thereof; and all the estate, ngnt, title, interest, claim, and demand whatsoever, of the said party of the nrst part, either in law or equity, of, in, and to the POLO abstract OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS, 185 above bargained premises, with the hereditaments and appurtenances. To have and to hold the said premises above bargained and described, with the appurtenances, unto the said party of the second part, his heirs and assigns, forever. And the said Henry Best, and Belle, his wife, par ties of the first part, hereby expressly waive, release, and relinquish unto the said party of the second part, his heirs, executors, administrators, and assigns, all right, title, claim, interest, and benefit whatever, in and to the above described premises, and each and every part thereof, which is given by or results from all laws of this state pertaining to the exemption of homesteads. And the said Henry Best, and Belle, his wife, party of the first part, for themselves and their heirs, executors, and administrators, do covenant, grant, bargain, and agree, to and with the said party of the second part, his heirs and assigns, that at the time of the ensealing and delivery of these presents they were well seized of the premises above conveyed, as of a good, sure, perfect, absolute, and indefeasible estate of inheritance in law, and in fee simple, and have good right, full power, and lawful authority to grant, bargain, sell, and convey the same, in manner and form aforesaid, and that the same are free and clear from all former 'and other grants, bargains, sales, liens, taxes, assessments, and encumbrances of what kind or nature soever ; and the above bargained premises in the quiet and peaceable possession of the said party of the second part, his heirs and assigns, against all and every person or persons lawfully claiming or to claim the whole or any part thereof, the said party of the first part shaU and will warrant and forever defend. In testimony whereof, the said parties of the first part have hereunto set their hands and seals the day and year first above written. Signed, sealed and dehvered in presence of Henry Best, [l.s.J Jeeey Linklater, Belle Best, [l.s,] QUIT-CLAIM DEED, This Indenture, made the eighth day of June, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, between David Tour, of Piano, County of Kendall, State of lUinois, party of the first part, and Larry O'Brien, of the same place, party of the second part, Witnesseth, that the said party of the first part, for and in considera tion of Nine Hundred dollars in hand paid by the said party of the sec ond part, the receipt whereof is hereby acknowledged, and the said party of the second part forever released and discharged therefrom, has remised, released, sold, conveyed, and quit-claimed, and by these presents does remise, release, sell, convey, and quit-claim, unto the said party of the second part, his heirs and assigns, forever, all the right, title, interest, 186 abstract OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. claim, and demand, which the said party of the first part has in and to the following described lot, piece, or parcel of land, to wit : [Here describe the land.} To have and to hold the same, together with all and singular the appurtenances and privileges thereunto belonging, or in any wise there unto appertaining, and all the estate, right, title, interest, and claim whatever, of the said party of the first part, either in law or equity, to the only proper use, benefit, and behoof of the said party of the second part, his heirs and assigns forever. In witness whereof the said party of the first part hereunto set his hand andseal the day and year above written. Signed, sealed and delivered David Tour, [l.s.] in presence of Thomas Ashley. The above forms of Deeds and Mortgage are such as have heretofore been generally used, but the following are much shorter, and are made equally valid by the laws of this state. WARRANTY DEED. The grantor (here insert name or names and place of residence), for and in consideration of (here insert consideration) in hand paid, conveys and warrants to (here insert the grantee's name or names) the foUo-wing described real estate (here insert description), situated in the County of in the State of Illinois. Dated this day of A. D. 18 . QUIT CLAIM DEED. The grantor (here insert grantor's name or names and place of resi dence), for the consideration of (here insert consideration) convey and quit-claim to (here insert grantee's name or names) all interest in the following described real estate (here insert description), situated in the County of in the State of Illinois. Dated this day of A. D. 18 . MORTGAGE. The mortgagor (here insert name or names) mortgages and warrants to (here insert name or names of mortgagee or mortgagees), to secure the p-ayment of (here recite the nature and amount of indebtedness, showing when due and the rate of interest, and whether secured by note or other wise), the following described real estate (here insert description thereof), situated in the County of in the State of IlUnois, Dated this day of A. D. 18 . RELEASE, Know all Men by these presents, that I, Peter Ahlund, of Chicago, of the County of Cook, and State of Illinois, for and in consideration of One dollar, to me in hand paid, and for other good and valuable considerar ABSTRACT OP ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. 187 tions, the receipt whereof is hereby confessed, do hereby grant, bargain, remise, convey, release, and quit-claim unto Joseph Carlin of Chicago, of the County of Cook, and State of Illinois, all the right, title, interest, claim, or demand whatsoever, I may have acquired in, through, or by a certain Indenture or Mortgage Deed, bearing date the second day of Jan uary, A. D. 1871, and recorded in the Recorder's office of said county, in book A of Deeds, page 46, to the premises therein described, and which said Deed was made to secure one certain promissory note, bearing even date with said deed, for the sum of Three Hundred dollars. Witness my hand and seal, this second day of November, A. D. 1874. Peter Ahlund. [l.s.] State of Illinois, | Cook County, ) * I, George Saxton, a Notary Public in and for said county, in the state aforesaid, do hereby certify that Peter Ahlund, personally known to me as the same person whose name is subscribed to the foregoing Release, appeared before me this day in f^^i^S"'] person, and acknowledged that he signed, sealed, and dehvered the said instrument of writing as his free aad voluntary act, for the uses and purposes therein set forth. Giv,en under my hand and seal, this second day of November, A, D. 1874. George Saxton, N. P, GENERAL FOItM OF WILL FOR REAL AND PERSONAL PROPERTY, I, Charles Mansfield, of the Town of Salem, County of Jackson, Srate of Illinois, being aware of the uncertainty of life, and in failing health, but of sound mind and memory, do make and declare this to be my last will and testament, in manner following, to wit: First. I give, devise and bequeath unto my oldest son, Sidney H, Mansfield, the sum of Two Thousand Dollars, of bank stock, now in the Third National Bank of Cincinnati, Ohio, and the farm owned by myself m the Town of Buskirk, consisting of one hundred and sixty acres, with all the houses, tenements, and improvements thereunto belonging ; to have and to hold unto my said son, his heirs and assigui., forever. Second, I give, devise and bequeath to each of my daughters, Anna Louise Mansfield and Ida Clara Mansfield, each Two ThousJ^nd dollars in bank stock, in the Third National Bank of Cincinnati, Ohio, and also each one quarter section of land, owned by myself, situated in the Town of Lake, Illinois, and recorded in my name in the Recorder's officv^ in the county where such land is located. The north one hundred and sixty acres of said half section is devised to my eldest daughter, Anna Louise, 6 188 ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS, Third, I give, devise and bequeath to my son, Frank Alfred Mans field, Five shares of Railroad stock in the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, and my one hundred and sixty acres of land and saw mill thereon, situ ated in Manistee, Michigan, witl^ all the improvements and appurtenances thereunto belonging, which said real estate is recorded in my name in the county where situated. Fourth, I give to my wife, Victoria Elizabeth Mansfield, all my household furniture, goods, chattels, and personal property, about my home, not hitherto disposed of, including Eight Thousand dollars of bank stock in the Third National Bank of Cincinnati, Ohio, Fifteen shares in the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, and the free and unrestricted use, pos session, and benefit of the home farm, so long as she may live, in lieu of dower, to which she is entitled by law ; said farm being my present place of residence. Fifth, I bequeath to my invalid father, Elijah H. Mansfield, the income from rents of my store building at 145 Jackson Street, Chicago, lUinois, during the term of his natural life. Said building and land there with to revert to my said sons and daughters in equal proportion, upon the demise of my said father. Sixth, It is also my will and desire that, at the death of my wife, Victoria Elizabeth Mansfield, or at any time when she may arrange to relinquish her life interest in the above mentioned homestead, the same may revert to my above named children, or to the lawful heirs of each. And lastly, I nominate and appoint as executors of this my last will and testament, my wife, Victoria Elizabeth Mansfield, and my eldest son, Sidney H. Mansfield, I further direct that my debts and necessary funeral expenses shaJ be paid from moneys now on deposit in the Savings Bank of Salem, the residue of such moneys to revert to my wife, Victoria Elizabeth Mansfield, for her use forever. In witness whereof, I, Charles Mansfield, to this my last will and testament, have hereunto set my hand and seal, this fourth day of April, eighteen hundred and seventy-two. Signed, sealed, and declared by Charles Mansfield, as and for his last will and testament, in the presence of us, who, at his request, and in his presence, and in the presence of each other, have sub scribed our names hereunto as witnesses thereof. Peter A. Schenck, Sycamore, Ills. Frank E, Dent, Salem, Ills. Charles Mansfield, [l.s-] Charles Mansfield, [l,s,] > abstract of ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. 189 CODICIL. Whereas I, Charles Mansfield, did, on the fourth day of April, one thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, make my last wiU and testa ment, I do now, by this writing, add this codicil to my said will, to be taken as a part thereof. Whereas, by the dispensation of Providence, my daughter, Anna Louise, has deceased November fifth, eighteen hundred and seventy-three, and whereas, a son has been born to me, which son is now christened Richard Albert Mansfield, I give and bequeath unto him my gold watch, and all right, interest, and title in lands and bank stock and chattels bequeathed to my deceased daughter, Anna Louise, in the body of this will. In witness whereof, I hereunto place my hand and seal, this tenth day of March, eighteen hundred and seventy -five. Signed, sealed, published, and declared to^ us by the testator, Charles Mansfield, as and for a codicil to be annexed to his last will and testament. And we, at his request^ and in his presence, and in the presenee of each other, have sub scribed our names as witnesses thereto, at the date hereof. Frank E. Dent, Salem, Ills, John C. Shay, Salem, lUs, J CHURCH ORGANIZATIONS May be legally made by electing or appointing, according to the usages or customs of the body of which it is a part, at any meeting held for that purpose, two or more of its members as trustees, wardens or vestrymen, and may adopt a corporate name. The chairman or secretary of such meeting shall, as soon as possible, make and file in the office of the recorder of deeds of the county, an affidavit substantially in the following form : State of Illinois, ) County. I ^^• ^1 , do solemnly swear (or affirm, as the case may be), that at a meeting of the members of the (here insert the name of the church, society or congregation as known before organization), held at (here insert place of meeting), in the County of , and State of lUinois, on the day of ¦¦ — , A.D. 18—, for that purpose, the fol lowing persons were elected (or appointed) [here insert their names} trustees, wardens, vestrymen, (or officers by whatever name they may choose to adopt, with powers similar to trustees) according to the rules ana usages of such (church, society or congregation), and said 190 abstract op ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. adopted as its corporate name (here insert name), and at said meeting this affiant acted as (chairman or secretary, as the case may be). Subscribed and sworn to before me, this day of , A.D, 18 — . Name of Affiant"- . which affidavit must be recorded by the recorder, and shall be, or a certi fied copy made by the recorder, received as evidence of such an incorpo ration. No certificate of election after the first need he filed for record. The term of office of the trustees and the general government of the society can be determined by the rules or by-laws adopted. Failure, to elect trustees at the time provided does not work a dissolution, but the old trustees hold over. A trustee or trustees may be removed, in the same manner by the society as elections are held by a meeting called for that purpose. The property of the society vests in the corporation. The corporation may hold, or acquire by purchase or otherwise, land not exceeding ten acres, for the purpose of the society. The trustees have the care, custody and control of the property of the corporation, and can, when directed by the society, erect houses or improvements, and repair and alter the same, and may also when so directed by the society, mortgage, encumber, sell and convey any real or personal estate belonging to the corporation, and make all proper contracts in the name of such corporation. But thej are prohibited by law from encumbering or inter fering with any property so as to destroy the effect of any gift, grant, devise or bequest to the corporation ; but such gifts, grants, devises or bequests, must in all cases be used so as to carry out the object intended by the persons making the same. Existing societies may organize in the manner herein set forth, and have all the advantages thereof. SUGGESTIONS TO THOSE PURCHASING BOOKS BY SUBSCRIPTION. The business of publishing books hy subscription having so often been brought into disrepute by agents making representations and declarations not authorized by the publisher ; in order to prevent that as much as possi ble, ahd that there may be more general knowledge of the relation such agents bear to their principal, and the law governing such cases, the fol lowing statement is made : A subscription is in the nature of a contract of mutual promises, by which the subscriber agrees to pay a certain sum for the work described; the consideration is concurrent that the publisher shall publish the hook named, and deliver the same, for which the subscriber is to pay the price named. The nature and character of the work is described in the prospectm and by the sample shown. These should be carefully examined before mi- scribing, as they are the basis and consideration of the promise to payi ABSTRACT OF ILLINOIS STATE LAWS. 191 and not the too often exaggerated •statements of the agent, who is merely employed to solicit subscriptions, for which he is usually paid a commission for each subscriber, and has no authority to change or alter the conditions upon which the subscriptions are authorized to be made by the publisher. Should the agent assume to agree to make the subscription conditional or modify or change the agreement of the publisher, as set out by prospectus and sample, in order to hind the principal, the subscriber should see that such conditions or changes are stated over or in connection with his signa ture, so that the publisher may have notice of the same. All persons making contracts in reference to matters of this kind, or any other business, should remember that the law as to written contracts is, that they can not be varied, altered or rescinded verbally, hut if done at all, must he done in writing. It is therefore important that all persons contem plating subscribing should distinctly understand that all talk before or after the subscription is made, is not admissible as evidence, and is no part of the contract. Persons employed to solicit subscriptions are known to the trade as canvassers. They are agents appointed to do a particular business in a prescribed mode, and have no authority to do it in any other way to the prejudice of their principal, nor can they bind their principal in any other matter. They can not collect money, or agree that payment may be made in anything else but money. They can not extend the time of payment beyond the time of delivery, nor hind their principal for the payment of expenses incurred in their buisness. It would save a great deal of trouble, and often serious loss, if persons, before signing their names to any subscription book, or any written instru ment, would examine carefully what it is ; if they can not read themselves, should caU on some one disinterested who can. 6 192 CONSTITUTION OP THE UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES OP AMERICA AND ITS AMENDMENTS. We, the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquillity, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America, Article I. Section 1. All legislative powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. Sec. 2. The House of Representatives shall be composed of mem bers chosen every second year by the people of the several states, and the electors in each state shall have the qualifications requisite for electors of the most numerous branch of the State Legislature. No person shaU be a representative who shall not have attained to the age of twenty-five years, and been seven years a citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an inhabitant of that state in which he shall be chosen. Representatives and direct taxes shall be apportioned among the sev eral states which may be included within this Union, according to theii respective numbers, which shall be determined by adding to the whole number of free persons, including those bound to ser-vice for a term of years, and excluding Indians not taxed, three-fifths of all other persons. The actual enumeration shall be made within three years after the first meeting of the Congress of the United States, and within every subse quent term of ten years, in such manner as they shall by law direct. The number of Representatives shall not exceed one for every thirty thousand, but each state shall have at least one Representative ; and until such enumeration shall be made the State of New Hampshire shall be entitled to choose three, Massachusetts eight, Rhode Island and Providence Plan tations one, Connecticut five, New York six. New Jersey four, Pennsylva nia eight, Delaware one, Maryland six, Virginia ten, North Carolina five, and Georgia three. When vacancies happen in the representation from any state, the Executive authority thereof shall issue writs of election to fill such vacancies. The House of Representatives shall choose their Speaker and other officers, and shall have the sole power of impeachment. Sec, 3, The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each state, chosen by the Legislature thereof for six years; and each Senator shall have one vote. Immediately after they shall be assembled in consequence of the first election, they shall be divided as equally as may be into three classes. The seats of the Senators of the first class shall be vacated at the expiia- AHD ITS AMENDMENTS. 193 ion of the second year, of the second class at the expiration of the fourth ear, and of the third class at the expiration of the sixth year, so that ne-third may be chosen every second year; and if vacancies happen by esignation or otherwise, during the recess of the Legislature of any state, he Executive thereof may make temporary appointments until the next neeting of the Legislature, which shaU then fill such vacancies. No person shall be a Senator who shall not have attained to the age )f thirty years and been nine years a citizen of the United States, and 5vho shall not, when elected, be an inhabitant of that state for which he shall be chosen. The Vice-President of the United States shall be President of the Senate, but shall have no vote unless they be equally divided. The Senate shall choose their other officers, and also a President pro tempore, in the absence of the Vice-President, or when he shall exercise the office of President of the United States. The Senate shall have the sole power to try all impeachments. When sitting for that purpose they shall be on oath or affirmation. When the President of the United States is tried the Chief Justice shall preside. And no person shall be convicted without the concurrence of two-thirds of the members present. Judgment, in cases of impeachment, shall not extend further than to removal from office, and disqualification to hold and enjoy any office of honor, trust, or profit under the United States ; but the party convicted shall nevertheless be liable and subject to indictment, trial, judgment, and punishment according to law. Sec. 4. The times, places and manner of holding elections for Sen ators and Representatives shall be prescribed in each state by the Legis lature thereof ; but the Congress may at any time by law make or alter such regulations, except as to the places of choosing Senators, The Congress shall assemble at least once in every year, and such meeting shaU be on the first Monday in December, unless they shall by law appoint a different day. Sec, 5. Each house shall be the judge of the election, returns, and qualifications of its own members, and a majority of each shall constitute a quorum to do business ; but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day, and may be authorized to compel the attendance of absent members in such manner and under such penalties as each house may provide. Each house may determine the rules of its proceedings, punish its members for disorderly behavior, and, with the concurrence of two-thirds, expel a member. Each house shall keep a journal of its proceedings, and from time to time publish the same, excepting such parts as may, in their judgment, require secrecy ; and the yeas and nays of the members of either house on any question shall, at the desire of one-fifth of those present, be entered on the journal. Neither house, during the session of Congress, shall, without the consent of the other, adjourn for more than three days, nor to any other place than that in which the two houses shall be sitting. Sec, 6. The Senators and Representatives shall receive a compen sation for their services, to be ascertained by law, and paid out of the treasury of the United States. They shall in aU cases, except treason, 194 CONSTITUTION OP THE UNITED STATES felony, and breach of the peace, be privileged from arrest during their attendance at the session of their respective houses, and in going to and returning from the same ; and for any speech or debate in either house they shall not be questioned in any other place. No Senator or Representative shall, during the time for which he was elected, be appointed to any civil office under the authority of the United States, whicii shall have been created, or the emoluments whereof shall have been increased during such time ; and no person holding any ofSce under the United States, shaU be a member of either house during his continuance in office. Sec. 7. AU bills for raising revenue shall originate in the House of Representatives ; but the Senate may propose or concur with amendments as on other bills. Every bill which shall have passed the House of Representatives and the Senate, shall, before it becomes a law, be presented to the President the United States ; if he approve he shall sign it ; but if not he shall return it, with his objections, to that house in which it shall have origi nated, who shall enter the objections at large on their journal, and proceed to reconsider it. If, after such reconsideration two-thirds of that house shall agree to pass the bill, it shall be sent, together with the objec tions, to the other house, by which it shall likewise be reconsidered, and if approved by two-thirds of that house, it shall become a law. But in all such cases the votes of both houses shall be determined by yeas and nays, and the names of the persons voting for and against the bill shall be entered on the journal of each house respectively. If any bill shaU not be returned by the President within ten days (Sundays excepted), after it shall have been presented to him, the same shall be a law, in like manner as if he had signed it, unless the Congress, by their adjournment, prevent its return, in which case it shall not be a law. Every order, resolution, or vote to which the concurrence of the Senate and House of Representatives may be necessary (except on a question of adjournment), shall be presented to the President of the United States, and before the same shall take effect shall be approved by him, or, being disapproved by him, shall be re-passed by two-thhds of the Senate and House of Representatives, according to the rules and lim itations prescribed in the case of a bill. Sec. 8. The Congress shall have power — ^ To lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts and excises, to pay the debts, and provide for the common defense and general welfare of the United States ; but all duties, imposts, and excises shall be uniform throughout the United States ; To borrow money on the credit of the United States ; To regulate commerce with foreign nations, and among the several States, and with the Indian tribes ; To establish a uniform rule of naturalization, and uniform laws on the subject of bankruptcies throughout the United States ; To coin money, regulate the value thereof, and of foreign coin, and fix the standard of weights and measures ; To provide for the punishment of counterfeiting the securities and current coin of the United States ; To establish post offices and post roads ; AND ITS amendments. 195 To promote the progress of sciences and useful arts, by securing, or I'mited times, to authors and inventors, the exclusive right to their espective writings and discoveries ; To constitute tribunals inferior to the Supreme Court ; To define and punish piracies and felonies committed on the high ;eas, and offenses against the law of nations ; To declare war, grant letters of marque and reprisal, and make rules joncerning captures on land and water ; ' To raise and support armies, but no appropriation of money to that use shall be for a longer term than two years ; To provide and maintain a navy ; To make rules for the government and regulation of the land and naval forces ; To provide for calling forth the militia to execute the laws of the Union, suppress insurrections, and repel invasions r To provide for organizing, arming and disciplining the militia, and for governing such part of them as may be employed in the service of the United States, reserving to the states respectively the appointment of the officers, and the authority of training the militia according to the disci pline prescribed by Congress ; To exercise legislation in all cases whatsoever over such district (not exceeding ten miles square) as may, by cession of particular states, and the acceptance of Congress, become the seat of the government of the United States, and to exercise like authority over all places purchased by the consent of the Legislature of the state in which the same shall be, for the erection of forts, magazines, arsenals, dock yards, and other needful buildings; and To make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by this Constitution in the government of the United States, or in any depart ment or officer thereof. Sec. 9, The migration or importation of such persons as any of the states now existing shall think proper to admit, shall not be prohibited by the Congress prior to the year one thousand eight hundred and eight, but a tax or duty may be imposed on such importation, not exceeding ten dollars for each person. The privilege of the -writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended, unless when in cases of rebellion or invasjon the public safety may require it. No bill of attainder or ex post facto law shall be passed. No capitation or other direct tax shall be laid, unless in proportion to the census or enumeration hereinbefore directed to be taken. No tax or duty shall be laid on articles exported from any state. No preference shall be given by any regulation of commerce or rev enue to the ports of one state over those of another ; nor shall vessels bound to or from one state be obliged to enter, clear, or pay duties in another. No money shall be drawn from the Treasury, but in consequence of appropriations made by law ; and a regular statement and account of the receipts and expeditures of aU public money shall be published from time to time. 196 CONSTITUTION OF THE UOTTED STATES No title of nobility shall be granted by the United States : and no person holding any office of profit or trust under them, shall, without the consent of the Congress, accept of any present, emolument, office, or title of any kind whatever, from any king, prince, or foreign state. Sec. 10. No state shall enter into any treaty, alliance, or confeder ation ; grant letters of marque and reprisal ; coin money ; emit bills of credit ; make anything but gold and silver coin a tender in payment of debts ; pass any bill of attainder, ex post facto law, or law impairing the obligation of contracts, or grant any title of nobility. No state shall, without the consent of the Congress, lay any imposts or duties on imports or exports, except what may be absolutely necessary for executing its inspection laws, and the net produce of all duties and imposts laid by any state on imports or exports, shall be for the use of the Treasury of the United States ; and all such laws shall be subject to the re-vision and control of the Congress. No state shall, without the consent of Congress, lay any duty on tonnage, keep troops or ships of war in time of peace, enter into any agreement or compact with another state, or with a foreign power, or engage in war, unless actually invaded, or in such imminent danger as will not admit of delay. Article II, Section 1, The Executive power shall be vested in a President of the United States of America, He shall hold his office during the term of four years, and, together with the Vice-President chosen for the same term, be elected as follows : • Each state shall appoint, in such manner as the Legislature thereof may direct, a number of Electors, equal to the whole number of Senators and Representatives to which the state may be entitled in the Congress; but no Senator or Representative, or person holding an office of trust or profit under the United States, shall be appointed an Elector, [ * The Electors shall meet in their respective states, and vote by ballot for two persons, of whom one at least shall not be an inhabitant of the same state with themselves. And they shall make a Ust of all the persons voted for, and of the number of votes for each ; which list they shall sign and certify, and transmit, sealed, to the seat of the government of the United States, directed to the President of the Senate. The Pres ident of the Senate shall, in the presence of the Senate and Hpuse of Rep resentatives, open all the certificates, and the votes shall then be counted. The person having the greatest number of votes shall be the President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of Electors appointed; and if there be more than one who have such majority, and have an equal number of votes, then the House of Representatives shall immediately choose by ballot one of them for President ; and if no person have a ma jority, then from the five highest on the list the said House shall in like manner choose the President, But in choosing the President, the vote shall be taken by states, the representation from each- state having one vote ; a quorum for this purpose shall consist of a member or members from two-thirds of the states, and a majority of all the states shall be necessary to a choice. In every case, after the choice of the President, * Thla clause between,brackets bas been superseded aud aunuUed by tbe Twelftblamendment. AND ITS amendments. 197 the person having the greatest number of votes of the Electors shall be the Vice-President. But if there should remain two or more who have equal votes, the Senate shall choose from them by ballot the Vice-Presi dent.] The Congress may determine the time of choosing the Electors, and the day on which they shall give their votes ; which day shall be the same throughout the United States. No person except a natural born citizen, or a citizen of the United States at the time of the adoption of this Constitution, shall be eligible to the office of President ; neither shall any person be eligible to that office who shall not have attained the age of thirty-five years, and been fourteen years a resident within the United States. In case of the removal of the President from office, or of his death, resignation, or inability to discharge the powers and duties of the said office, the same shaU devolve on the Vice-Pr.esident, and the Congress may by law provide for the case of removal, death, resignation, or inabil ity, both of the President and Vice-President, declaring what officer shall then act as President, and such officer shall act accordingly, until the dis ability be removed, or a President shall be elected. The President shall, at stated times, receive for his services a com pensation which shall neither be increased nor diminished during the period for which he shall have been elected, and he shall not receive within that period any other emolument fi'om the United States or any of them. Before he enters on the execution of his office, he shall take the fol lowing oath or affirmation : " I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I wiU faithfully execute the office of President of the United States, and will, to the best of my ability, preserve, protect, and defend the Constitution of the United States," Sec. 2, The President shall be commander in chief of the army and na-vy of the United States, and of the militia of the several states, when caUed into the actual service of the United States ; he may require the opinion, in writing, of the principal officer in each of the executive departments, upon any subject relating to the duties of their respective offices, and he shall have power to grant reprieves and pardon for offenses against the United States, except in cases of impeachment. He shall have power, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, to make treaties, provided two-thirds of the Senators present con cur; and he shaU nominate, and by and with the advice of the Senate, shaU appoint ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls, judges of the Supreme Court, and all other officers of the United States whose appointments are not herein otherwise provided for, and which shall be established by law ; but the Congress may by law vest the appointment of such inferior officers as they think proper in the President alone, in the courts of law, or in the heads of departments. i The President shaU have power to fiU up all vacancies that may happen during the recess of the Senate, by granting commissions which shaU expire at the end of their next session. Sec. 3, He shall from time to time give to the Congress information of the state of the Union, and recommend to their consideration such mea sures as he shall judge necessary and expedient ; he may on extraordinary 198 constitution of the united states occasions convene both houses, or either of them, and in case of disagree ment between them, with respect to the time of adjournment, he may adjourn them to such time as he shall think proper ; he shall receive ambassadors and other public ministers ; he shall take care that the laws be faithfully executed, and shall commission all the officers of the United States, Sec. 4. The Piresident, Vice-President, and all civil officers of the United States, shall be removed from office on impeachment for, and con viction of, treason, bribery, or other high crimes and misdemeanors. Article III, Section I. The judicial power of the United States shall be vested in one Supreme Court, and such inferior courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish. The Judges, both of the Supreme and inferior courts, shall hold their offices during good behavior, and shall, at stated times, receive for their services a compensation, which shall not be diminished during their continuance in office. Sec. 2. The judicial power shall extend to all cases, in law and equity, arising under this Constitution, the laws of the United States, and treaties made, or which shall be made, under their authority ; to all cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers, and consuls ; to all cases of admiralty and maritime jurisdiction ; to controversies to which the United States shall be a party ; to controversies between two or more states ; between a state and citizens of another state ; between citizens of differ ent states ; between citizens of the same state claiming lands under grants of different states, and between a state or the citizens thereof, and foreign states, citizens, or subjects. In all cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers, and consuls, and those in which a state shall be a party, the Supreme Court shaU have original jurisdiction. In all the other cases before mentioned, the Supreme Court shall have appellate jurisdiction, both as to law and fact, with such exceptions and under such regulations as the Congress shall make. The trial of all crimes, except in cases of impeachment, shall be by jury ; and such trial shall be held in the state where the said crimes shall have been committed ; but when not committed within any state, the trial shall be at such place or places as the Congress may by law have directed. Sec. 3, Treason against the United States shall consist only in levy ing war against them, or in adhering to their enemies, giving them aid and comfort. No person shall be convicted of treason unless on the tes timony of two witnesses to the same overt act, or on confession in open court. The Congress shall have power to declare the punishment of treason, but no attainder of treason shall work corruption of blood, or forfeiture, except during the life of the person attainted. Article IV. Section 1, Full faith and credit shaU be given in each state to the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other state. And and its amendments. 199 the Congress may, by general laws, prescribe the manner in which such acts, records, and proceedings shall be proved, and the effect thereof. Sec. 2. The citizens of each state shall be entitled to all privileges and immunities of citizens in the several states. A person charged in any state with treason, felony, or other crime, who shall flee from justice and be found in another state, shaU, on demand ^f the executive authority of the state from which he fled, be delivered up, to be removed to the state having jurisdict'.on of the crime. No person held to service or labor in one state, under the laws thereof escaping into another, shaU, in consequence of any law or regulation therein, be discharged from such service or labor, but shall be delivered up on the claim of the party to whom such service or labor may be due. Sec, 3. New states may be admitted by the Congress into this Union ; but no new state shall be formed or erected within the jurisdiction of any other state ; nor any state be formed by the junction of two or more states, or parts of states, without the consent of the Legislatures of the states concerned, as well as of the Congress. The Congress shall have power to dispose of and make all needful rules and regulations respecting the territory or other property belonging to the United States ; and nothing in this Constitution shall be so construed as to prejudice any claims of the United States or of any particular state. Sec. 4. The United States shall guarantee to every state in this Union a republican form of government, and shall protect each of them against invasion, and on application of the Legislature, or of the Execu tive (when the Legislature can not be convened), against domestic vio lence. Article V, The Congress, whenever two-thirds of both houses shall deem it necessary, shall propose amendments to this Constitution, or, on the ap plication of the Legislatures of two-thirds of the several states, shall call a convention for proposing amendments, which, in either case, shall be valid to all intents and purposes as part of this Constitution, when rati fied by the Legislatures of three fourths of the several states, or by con ventions in three-fourths thereof, as the one or the other mode of ratifi cation may be proposed by the Congress. Provided that no amendment which may be made prior to the year one thousand eight hundred and eight shall in any manner affect the first and fourth clauses in the ninth section of the first article ; and that no state, without its consent, shaU be deprived of its equal suffrage in the Senate, Article VI. All debts contracted and engagements entered into before the adop tion of this Constitution shall be as valid against the United States under this Constitution as under the Confederation. This Constitution, and the laws of the United States which shall be made in pursuance thereof, and all treaties made, or which shall be made, under the authority of the United States, shall be the supreme law of the land ; and the Judges in every state shall be bound thereby, anything in the Constitution or laws of any state to the contrary notwithstanding. The Senators and Representatives before mentioned, and the mem- 200 constitution of the united states bers of the several state Legislatures, and all executive and judicial ofS- cers, both of the United States and of the several states, shall be bound by oath or affirmation to support this Constitution ; but no religious test shall ever be required as a qualification to any office or public trust under the United States. Article VII. The ratification of the Conventions of nine states shall be sufficient for the establishment of this Constitution between the states so ratifying the same. Done in convention by the unanimous consent of the states present, the seventeenth day of September, in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and eighty-seven, and of the independence of the United States of America the twelfth. In witness whereof we have hereunto subscribed our names, GEO. WASHINGTON, President and Deputy from Virginia. New Hampshire. John Lang-don, Nicholas Oilman. Massachusetts. Nathaniel Gorham, Rufus King. Connecticut. Wm. Sam'l Johnson, Roger Sherman. Delaware. Geo, Read, John Dickinson, Jaco. Broom, Gunning Bedford, Jr., Richard Bassbtt. Maryland. Jambs M' Henry, Danl. Carroll, Dan. op St. Thos. Jenifee. New York. Alexander Hamilton. New Jersey. Wil. Livingston, Wm. Paterson, David Bbearley, JoNA. Dayton. Pennsylvania. B. Franklin, Robt. Morris, Thos. Fitzsimons, James Wilson, Thos. Mifflin, Geo. Clymeb, Jared Ingersoll, Gouv. Morris. Virginia. John Blair, James Madison, Jr. North Carolina. Wm. Blount, Hu. Williamson, Rich'd Dobbs Spaight. South Carolina. J. Rutledge, Charles Pinckney, Chas. Cotesworth PiNCK2>rEr, Pierce Butler. Q-eorgia. William Few, Abr. Baldwin. WILLIAM JACKSON, Secretary. UijU, POLO AND ITS amendments. 203 Articles in Addition to and Amendatory op the Constitution op the United States op America. Proposed by Congress and ratified by the Legislatures of the several states, pursuant to the fifth article of the original Constitution. Article I. Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press ; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances. Article II, A weU regulated militia being necessary to the security of a free state,the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed. Article III, No soldier shaU, in time of peace, be quartered in any house without the consent of the owner, nor in time of war but in a manner to be pre scribed by law. Article IV. The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be vio lated ; and no warrants shall issue but upon probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched and the persons or things to be seized. Article V. No person shall be held to answer for a capital or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the militia when in actual service in time of war or public danger ; nor shall any person be subject for the same offense to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb ; nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived of Ufe, liberty, or property, without due process of law ; nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation. Article VI, In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the state and district wherein the crime shall have been committed, which district shall have been previously ascertained by law, and to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation ; to be confronted with the witnesses against him ; to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor ; and to have the assistance of counsel for his defense. Article VII. In suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty doUars, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved, and no fact 204 constitution op the united states tried by a jury shall- be otherwise re-examined in any court ofthe United States than according to the rules of the common law. Article VIII. Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted. Article IX. The enumeration, in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people. Article X. The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the states, are reserved to the states respectively, or to the people. Article XI. The judicial power of the United States shaU not be construed to extend to any suit in law or equity commenced or prosecuted against one of the United States by citizens of another state, or by citizens or sub jects of any foreign state. Article XII. The Electors shall meet in their respective states and vote by ballot for President and Vice-President, one of whom, at least, shall not be an inhabitant of the same state with themselves ; they shaU name in their ballots the person to be voted for as president, and in distinct ballots the person voted for as Vice-President, and they shall make distinct lists of all persons voted for as President, and of all persons voted for as Vice- President, and of the number of votes for each, which list they shaU sign and certify, and transmit sealed to the seat of the government of the United States, directed to the President of the Senate. The President of the Senate shall, in presence of the Senate and House of Representatives, open all the certificates, and the votes shall then be counted. The person having the greatest number of votes for President shall be the President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of Electors appointed ; and if no person have such majority, then from the persons having the highest number not exceeding three on the Ust of those voted for as President, the House of Representatives shall choose immediately, by ballot, the President. But in choosing the President, the votes shall be taken by States, the representation from each state having one vote; a quorum for this purpose shall consist of a member or members from two- thirds of the states, and a majority of all the states shall be necessary to a choice. And if the House of Representatives shall not choose a Presi dent whenever the right of choice shall devolve upon them, before the fourth day of March next following, then the Vice-President shall act as President, as in the case of the death or other constitutional disability of the President. The person having the greatest number of votes as Vice- President, shall be the Vice-President, if such number be the majority of the whole number of electors appointed, and if no person have a major- AND ITS amendments. 205 ityj then from the two highest numbers on the list, the Senate shall choose the Vice-President ; a quorum for the purpose shall consist of two-thirds of the whole number of Senators, and a majority of the whole number shall be necessary to a choice. But no person constitutionally ineligible to the office of President shaU be eUgible to that of Vice-President of the United States. Article XIII. Section 1. Neither slavery nor involuntary ser-vitude, except as a punishment for crime, whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their juris diction. Sec. 2. Congress shaU have power to enforce this article by appro priate legislation. Article XIV. Section 1. All persons born or naturalized in the United States and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States, and of the state wherein they reside. No state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law, nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. Sec, 2, Representatives shall be appointed among the several states according to their respective numbers, counting the whole number of per sons in each state, excluding Indians not taxed ; but when the right to vote at any election for the choice of Electors for President and Vice- President of the United States, Representatives in Congress, the execu tive and judicial officers of a state, or the members of the Legislature thereof, is denied to any of the male inhabitants of such state, being twenty-one years of age and citizens of the United States, or in any way abridged except for participation in rebellion or other crimes, the basis of representation therein shall be reduced in the proportion which the num ber of such male citizens shall bear to the whole number of male citizens twenty-one years of age in such state. Sec, 3, No person shaU be a Senator or Representative in Congress, or Elector of President and Vice-President, or hold any office, civil or military, under the United States, or under any state, who, having previ ously taken an oath as a Member of Congress, or as an officer of the United States, or as a member of any state Legislature, or as an execu tive or judicial officer of any state to support the Constitution of the United States, shall have engaged in insurrection or rebellion against the same, or given aid or comfort to the enemies thereof. But Congress may, by a vote of two-thirds of each house, remove such disability. Sec. 4. The validity of the public debt of the United States author ized by law, including debts incurred for payment of pensions and boun ties for ser-vices in suppressing insurrection or rebellion, shall not be ques tioned. But neither the United States nor any state shall pay any debt or obUgation incurred in the aid of insurrection or rebellion against the United States, or any loss or emancipation of any slave, but such debts, obligations, and claims shaU be held iUegal and void. 206 constitution op the united states. Sec. 5. The Congress shall have power to enforce, by appropriate legislation, the provisions of this act. Article XV. Section 1. The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States, or by any state, on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. Sec. 2. Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appro priate legislation. ELECTORS OF PRESIDENT AND VICE-PRESIDENT. November 7, 1876. COUNTIES. '3 HI 1-^ <0 CD |5 o A IS CGCJ < o < COTTNTIES. I|1 i of a month, or 10 days. When the rate is expressed by one figure, always write it thus : 3-1, three ones. Rule for converting English into American currency. Multiply the pounds, with the shillings and pence stated in decimals, by 400 plus the premium in fourths, and divide the product by 90. U. S. GOVERNMENT LAND MEASURE. A township — 36 sections each a mile square. A section — 640 acres. A quarter section, half a mile square — 160 acres. An eighth section, half a mile long, north and south, and a quarter of a mile wide — 80 acres. A sixteenth section, a quarter of a mile square — 40 acres. MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION. 211 The sections are all numbered 1 to 36, commencing at the north-east corner. The sections are divided into quarters, which are named by the cardinal points. The quarters are divided in the same way. The de scription of a forty acre lot would read : The south half of the west half of the south-west quarter of section 1 in township 24, north of range 7 west, or as the case might be ; and sometimes will fall short and sometimes overrun the number of acres it is supposed to contain. The nautical mile is 795 4-5 feet longer than the common mile. SURVEYORS' MEASURE. 7 92-100 inches make 1 link. 25 links " 1 rod. 4rods " 1 chain. 80 chains " 1 mile. Note. — A chain is 100 links, equal to 4 rods or 66 feet. Shoemakers formerly used a subdivision of the inch called a barley corn ; three of which made an inch. Horses are measured directly over the fore feet, and the standard of measure is four inches — called a hand. In Bibhcal and other old measurements, the term span is sometimes nsed, which is a length of nine inches. The sacred cubit of the Jews was 24.024 inches in length. The common cubit of the Jews was 21.704 inches in length. A pace is equal to a yard or 36 inches. A fathom is equal to 6 feet. A league is three miles, but its length is variable, for it is strictly speaking a nautical term, and should be three geographical miles, equal to 3.45 statute miles, but when used on land, three statute miles are said to be a league. In cloth measure an aune is equal to li yards, or 45 inches. An Amsterdam ell is equal to 26.796 inches. A Trieste ell is equal to 25.284 inches. A Brabant ell is equal to 27.116 inches. HOW TO KEEP ACCOUNTS. Every farmer and mechanic, whether he does much or little business, should keep a record of his transactions in a clear and systematic man ner. For the benefit of those who have not had the opportunity of ac quiring a primary knowledge of the principles of book-keeping, we here present a simple form of keeping accounts which is easily comprehended, and well adapted to record the business transactions of farmers, mechanics and laborers. 212 MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION. 1875. A. H. .JACKSON. Dr. Cr. Jan. 10 u 17 Feb. 4 i.i 4 March 8 u 8 u 13 (.(. 27 April 9 u 9 May 6 (( 24 July 4 To 7 bushels Wheat at $1.35 By shoeing span of Horses To 14 bushels Oats at $ .45 To 5 lbs. Butter at .35 By new Harrow By sharpening 2 Plows By new Double-Tree To Cow and Calf To half ton of Hay ^ By Cash By repairing Corn-Planter To one Sow with Pigs By Cash, to balance account .. 6 17 50 05 18 3 25 4 35 50 00 4025 0075 15 05 1876. CASSA MASON. Dr. Cr. March 21 " 31 " 33 May 1 1 By 3 days' labor To 2 Shoats To 18 bushels Corn.. By 1 month's Labor at $1.25 at 3.00 at .45 $6 8 10 23 30 18 00 100075 70 00 20 $3 25 1218 9 75 00 To Cash June 1926 By 8 days' Mowing To 50 lbs. Flour at $1.50 00 July 10 " 29 Aug. 12 " 12 To 27 lbs. Meat By 9 days' Harvesting By 6 days' Labor To Cash at $ .10 at 3.00 at 1.50 0000 Sept. 1 To Cash to balance account $67 75 $67 75 INTEREST TABLE. a slmplh kule for accurately computing interest at any givhn per cent. pob any Length of Time. Multiply the principal (amount of money at interest) by the time reduced to days ; then divide this product by the quotient obtained by dividing 360 (the number of days In the interest year) by the per cent of interest, andt/ie quotient thus obtained will be the required interest. ILLUSTRATION, Solution. $463.50 -. __„,._. ._ __„ . _ . .48 plied by .48 gives $232.0000; 360 divided by 6 (the percent, of interest) gives 60, and $22^.0000 divided by 60 will give you the exact interest, which is $3.70. if the rate of 370000 interest in the above example were 12 per cent., we would divide the $222.0000 by 30 6)360 \ 185000 Require the interest of $462.50 for one month and eighteen days at 6 per cent. An interest month is 30 days; one montliand eighteen days equal 48 days. $463.50 mul ti- (because 360 divided by 12 gives 30); If 4 per cent., we would divide by 90; If 8 per cent., by 45 : and in Uke manner for any other per cent. 607$222.0000($3.70 180 420 420 MISCELLANEOUS TABLE. 12 units, or things, 1 Dozen. 12 dozen, 1 Gross. 20 things, 1 Score. 196 pounds, 1 Barrel of Flour. 200 pounds, 1 Barrel of Pork. 56 pounds, 1 Firkin of Butter. | 24 sheets of paper, 1 Quire. 20 quires paper 1 Ream. 4 ft. -wide, 4 ft. high, and 8 ft long, 1 Cord Wood. MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION. 213 NAMES OF THE STATES OF THE UNION, AND THEIR SIGNIFICATIONS. Virginia. — The oldest of the States, was so called in honor of Queen Elizabeth, the "Virgin Queen," in whose reign Sir Walter Raleigh made his first attempt to colonize that region. Florida. — Ponce de Leon landed oil the coast of Florida on Easter Sunday, and called the country in commemoration of the day, which was the Pasqua Florida of the Spaniards, or " Feast of Flowers." Louisiana was called after Louis the Fourteenth, who at one time owned that section of the country. Alabama was so named by the Indians, and signifies " Here we Rest." Mississippi is likewise an Indian name, meaning " Long River." Arkansas, from Kansas, the Indian word for " smoky water." Its prefix was really arc, the French word for " bow." The Carolinas were originally one tract, and were called "Carolana," after Charles the Ninth of France. Q-eorgia owes its name to George tbe Second of England, who first established a colony there in 1732. Tennessee is the Indian name for the " River of tbe Bend," i, e., the Mississippi which forms its western boundary. ¦Kentucky is the Indian name for " at the head of the river." Ohio means " beautiful ; " Iowa, " drowsy ones ; " Minnesota, " cloudy water," and Wisconsin, " wild-rushing channel." Illinois is derived from the Indian word illini, men, and the French suffix ois, together signifying " tribe of men." Michigan was called by the name given the lake, fish-weir, which was so styled from its fancied resemblance to a fish trap. Missouri is from the Indian word " muddy," which more properly applies to the river that flbws through it. Oregon owes its Indian name also to its principal river. Cortes named California. Massachusetts is the Indian for "The country around the great hills." Connecticut, from the Indian Quon-ch-ta-Cut, signifying "Long River." Maryland, after Henrietta Maria, Queen of Charles the First, of England. New York was named by the Duke of York. Pennsylvania means " Penn's woods," and was so called after WilliaBft Penn, its orignal owner. 214 MISCELLANEOtrs INPOEMATION. Delaware after Lord De La Ware. New Jersey, so called in honor of Sir George Carteret, who was Governor of the Island of Jersey, in the British Channel. Maine was called after the province of Maine in France, in compli ment of Queen Henrietta of England, who owned that province. Vermont, from the French word Vert Mont, signifying Green Mountain. New Hampshire, from Hampshire county in England. It was formerly called Laconia. The little State of Rhode Island owes its name to the Island of Rhodes in the Mediterranean, which domain it is said to greatly resemble. Texas is the American word for the Mexican name by which all that section of the country was called before it was ceded to the United States. POPULATION OF THE UNITED STATES. States ktsd Teeritories. Alabama ' Arkansas California ¦Connecticut Delaware Florida Georgia Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts — Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New York North Carolina Ohio Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina Tennessee Texas Vermont "Virginia West Virginia Wisconsin Total states Arizona , . Coloiada Dakota District of Columbia Id.-iho Montana New Mexico UUh Washington Wyoming Total Territories. Total United States Total Population. 996. 992 484, 471 560,247537,454125,015 187,748 ,184,109 ,539,891,680,637 ,191,792 364,399 ,321,011 726,915626,915 780,894 ,457,851 ,184,059 439.706827,922 ,721,295 122,993 42,491 318,300906.096 ,382.759 ,071,361 ,666,260 90,923 ,521,791 217.363 705,606 ,268,520 818,579330,551 ,225,163 442,014 ,054,670 38,113,253 9,658 39,864 14,181 131.700 14,999 20,59591,874 86,786 23,955 9,118 442,730 38,555,983 POPULATION OF FIFTY PRINCIPAL CITIES. New York, N. T Philadelphia, Pa Brooklyn, N. Y St. iKiuis, Mo Chicago, 111 Baltimore, Md Boston, Mass Cincinnati, Ohio New Orleans, La. .. San Francisco, cal. . Buffalo, N. Y Washington, D. C... Newark, N.J Louisville, Ky Cleveland, Ohio Pittsburg, Pa Jersey City, N. J Detroit, Mich Milwaukee, Wis Albany, N. Y Providence, R. I Rochester, N. Y Allegheny, Pa Richmond, Va New Haven, Conn.. Charleston, S. C Indianapolis, Ind. . . Troy, n; Y Syracuse, N. Y Worcester, Mass.... Lowell, Mass Memphis, Tenn Cambridge, Mass. . . Haftford, Conn Scranton, Pa Reading, Pa Paterson, N.J Kansas City, Mo Mobile, Ala Toledo, Ohio Portland, Me Columbus, Ohio Wilmington, Del.... Dayton, Ohio Lawrence, Mass Utica, N. Y Charlestown, Mass Savannah, Ga Lynn. Mass Fall River, Mass... Aggregate Population, 942,674, 396,310,298,267.250,216, 191,149. 117. 109, 105,100, 92, 86, 82, 79,71,69,68,62,53,51,50,48,48,46, 43, 41, 40. 40,39, 37,35, 023099 864 977 354 526239418473 14 199 059763 829 076546 577 440422904386 180 038 ,840,956,244 465 ,051,106,928,226,634.180 092 930 579260034 584 ,413 274841 473 ,921,804 323 ,235,233,766 MISCELLANEOtrs INPOBMATION. POPULATION OF THE UNITED STATES. Area in States aud square Territoribs. Miles, States. Alabama Arkansas California Connecticut. Delaware Florida Georgia Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts. . . Michigan* Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire, New Jersey New York North Carolina. . Ohio Oregon 50,52, 188, 4. 2, 59,168,'6533,66, 81,37,41,31, 11, 7, 56,83, 47,65,75, 112, 95, 722 198981 674120 268000410 809046 318600346776 184 800451 531 156 350 ,996,090,280,320,000,704,964,244 POPULATIOU". MilesR. R. 1870. 1875. 1872. 996 992 1,671 26 1,013 820227466 3,1085,9043,529 3,160 1,7601,123 539871 1,6062,235 1,613 990 2,580 828 1,265 4,470 1,190 3,740 lo9 484 471 560,247 537,464 125,015 187,748 1,184,109 2,639,891 1,680,6371,191.793 364,399 1,321,011 736,916636,915 1,350,544 528,349 ¦857;039 780,894 1,457,3511,184,059 439,706 827 922 lV65i",9121,334,031 598,429 1,721,295 123,993 42,491 318.300 ¦246; 280 52,540 906,096 4,382,759 1,071,361 1,026,602 4,705,208 ' 90:923 • Last Cengus of Michigan taken in 1874. States and Territories. States. Pennsylvania Rhode Island..,. South Carolina.. Tennessee Texas Vermont Virginia West Virginia..., Wisconsin Total States.. Territories. Arizona Colorado Dakota Dist. of Columbia. Idaho Montana New Mexico Utah Washington Wyoming Total Territories. Area in square Miles. 1870. 46,000 1,306 29,385 45,600 237,504 10,212 40,90423,000 53,924 1,950,171 113,916104,500 147,490 60 90,932 143,776121,201 80,06669,94493,107 965,032 Population, 3,521,791 217,363 706,606 1,268,520 818,579 330,551 1,325,163 442,014 1,054.670 38,113,253 9,658 39,864 14,181 131,700 14,999 20,59691,87486,78623,955 9,118 442,730 Miles'R. R. 1875. 1872. 258,239 925,145 1,236,729 5,113 136 1,2011,620 865675 1,490 485 1,725 59,587 393 376 ¦498 Aggregate of U. S.. 2,916,203 38,555,983 60,852 Included in the Railroad Mileage of Maryland. PRINCIPAL COUNTRIES OF THE WORLD; Population and Akea. CODNTRIES. Population. Date of Census. Area in Square Miles. Inhabitants to Square Population. Cliina British Empire Russia Duited States with Alaska. . . France Austria and Hungary Japan Great Britain and Ireland. . . German Empire Italy Spam Brazil Turkey Mexico '. Sweden and Norway Persia Belgium Bavaria Portugal Holland .^ew Grenada " Chili Switzerland Peru Bolivia Argentine Republic wurtemburg Denmark '.',', Venezuela Baden Greece Guatemala Ecuador Paraguay '.'.'.'.'.'.'." Hesse Liberia " SanSaivador Haytl Nicaragua '.¦ gruguay Honduras San Domingo CostaKlca... Hawaii 446,1226,: 81,88, 36,35,34, 31, 29,27. 16, 10, 16, 9,6,6,5,4, 600,000 ,817,108,925,400,925,600,469,800,904,400,785,300,817,100 ,906,092 ,439,921 ,642,000,000,000 463,000 ,173,000,921.600 ,000,000,021,300 ,861,400,995,200,688,300 ,,000,0001,000,000 1,669,100i, 500, 000 ,000,000,812,000,818,500 .,784,700:,500,000 ,461,400,457,900 ,180,000,300,000,000,000 823,138718,000600,000672,000350,000 300,000350,000 136,000165,000 62,950 187118711871 18701866186918711871 187118711867 1869 187018701869 18711868187018701869 18701871 '1869 1871 1870isfi18701871 1871 'isii 1871 'i'sii 18711871 'isVo 3,741,846 4,677,432 8,003,7782,603,884 204,091240.348 149,399131,316 160,207 118,847196,775 3,253,029 672,621761,526 293,871 635,964 11,373 29,293 34,494 12,680 357,157 132,616 15,993 471,888 497,321871,848 7,633 14,753 868,238 5,912 19,86340,879 218,928 63,787 2,969 9,576 7,885 10,205 58,171 66,723 47,092 17,827 21,505 7,633 119.3 48.6 10.27.78 178.7149.4 232.8 262.3 187. 280.9 8b. 8.07 24.4 20. 7.8 441.5 165.9115.8 290.9 8.4 15.1 166.9 5.3 4. 2.1 241.4 120.9 4.2 247. 75.3 28.9 5.9 15.6 277. 74.981.866. 6.6.57.47.6 7.7 Pekin..-. Loudon St. Petersburg... Washington Paris Vienna Yeddo London Berlin Rome Madrid Rio Janeiro Constantinople . . Mexico Stockholm Teheran Brussels Munich Lisbon Hague Bogota Santiago Berne Lima Chuquisaca Buenos Ayres.... Stuttgart Copenhagen Caraccas Carlsruhe Athens Guatemala Quito Asuncion Darmstadt Monrovia Sal Salvador Port au Prince., Managua Montevideo Comayagua San Domingo — San Jose Honolulu 1,648,800 3,251,800 667,000 109,199 1,825,300 833,900 1,554,9003,251,800 835,400 244,484 382,000420,000 1,075,000 210,300 186,900120,000 314,100169,600224,063 90,10045,000 115,400 36,000 160,100 25,000 177,800 91,600 162,042 47,000 36,60043,40040,00070,00048,00030,000 8,000 15,000 20,000 10,000 44,500 12,000 20,000 2,000 7,633 216 MISCELLANEOUS INEOKMATION POPUI-ATION of ILLINOIS, By Counties. COUNTIES. AGGREGATE. 1820. Adams Alexander. _ Bond - Boone Brown Bureau Calhoun Carroll Cass Champaign . Christian _. Clark Clay Clinton Coles Cook Crawford Cumberland De Kalb... De Witt... Douglas Du Page Edgar Edwards Effingham. . Fayette Ford Franklin Fulton Gallatin Greene Grundy Hamilton .. Hancock Hardin Henderson . Henry Iroquois Jackson Jasper Jefferson Jersey Jo Daviess. Johnson Kane. Kankakee. . Kendall ... Knox Lake LaSalle...Lawrence..Lee Livingston . Logan 56362 10564 131521294212205 32415 6562 16705U580 32737 20363 18719 1587516285 25235 349966 1388912223 23265 147681348416685 21450 7565 15653 19638 9103 12652 38291 11134 20277 1493813014 35935 5113 12582 35506 25782 1963411234 ,17864 15054 27820 11248 39091 24352 12399 39522 21014 60792 12533 271713147123053 41323 4707 9815 11678 9938 26426 5144 "7331132514629 1049214987 9336 1094114203 144954 11551 8311 19086 10820 7140 1470116925 54547816 11189 1979 9393 33338 8055 16093 10379 9915 29061 3759 9501 20660 12325 9589 8364 12965 12051 27325 9342 30062 1541213074 28663 18257 48332 9214 17651 1 1637 I4;*72 26508 248461447624 7198 88413231 4586 7253 264932039532 4289 5139 9335 43385 7135 3718 7540 5002 9290 10692 35243799 8075 5681 22508 5448 12429 30236362 14652 2887 4612 3807 4149 5862 32208109 7354 18604 4114 16703 7730 13279 1422617815 6l8I 5*292 1553 5128 14476 3313 50601705 41833067 17411023 2981 147518787453 32283718 9616 10201 4422 1697 3247 3535 8225 3070 1675 6328 3682 1314210760 1 195 1 3945 9946 1378 12601695 3566 1472 5762 45356e8o 3626 6501 7060 26349348 7092 2035 759 2333 2186. 1390 3124 626 2931 1090 . 3940 755 - 2330 . 931 3117 *23 2999 4071 . 1649 3444 2704 4083 1841 . 74057674. 1763 3155 2616 483 41 1828 2555 1542 2111 . 1596 691 843 274. 3668 miscellaneous information. 217 POPULATION OF ILLINOIS— Concluded. COUNTIES. AGGKESATE. 1870. 1860. 1850. 1840. 1830. 18»0. Macon Macoupin — Madison Marion Marshall Mason Massac McDonough. McHenry... McLean Menard Mercer Monroe Montgomery Morgan MovUtrie Ogle Peoria Perry Piatt Pike Pope Pulaski Putnam Randolph...Richland ... Rock Island . Saline Sangamon .. Schuyler Scott Shelby Stark St. Clair Stephenson.. Tazewell Union Vermilion Wabash Warren Washington.Wayne White Whitesides . Will Williamson.. Winnebago..Woodford... Total... 2648132726 44131 20622 1695016184 9581 26509 23762 53988117351876912982 25314 28463 10385 27492 47540 13723 10953 30768 11437 ' 8752 6280 20859 12803 29783 12714 46352 1741910530 25476 1075151068 3060827903 16518 30388 8841 23174 1759919758 16846 27503 43013 17329 29301 18956 13738 2460231251 1273913437 10931 6213 2006922089 28772 9584 15042 12832 13979 22112 6385 22888 36601 95526127 27249 67423943 5587 17205 9711 21005 9331 32274 14684 9069 14613 9004 3769425112 21470 1118119800 7313 18336 137311222312403 18737 29321 12205 24491 13282 3988 12355 20441 6720 5180 5921 4092 7616 14978 10163 6349 5246 7679 6277 16064 3234 1002017547 5278 1606 18819 397522653924 11079 4012 6937 5588 19228 10573 7914 7807 3710 20180 11666 12052 7615 H492 4690 8176 69536825 89255361 16703 7216 "773 4415 30397926 14433 4742 1849 5308 2578 65654431 2352 44814490 19547 34796153 3222 11728 4094 2131 7944 2610 14716 697262156659 1573 13631 28007221 5524 9303424067394810 5133 79192514 10167 4457 4609 11221990 62212125 13550 (*) 26 20002953 12714 I2I5 23963316 7,455 195,386 176 408,606 178,139 947,616 48,658 368.685 599 117,602 734 221,298 260 127,064 183,091 504,041 195.118 85.737 610,888 154,485 4,904 218,924 84,697 190 11,69565,461 693 247,360 122,703195,716 351,310 1,008 111.324 823,980 8.3,093 577,400 150 98,347 838,750 38,306 69,062 445 10.480 329.036 87.808 100,553 568,367 656 92,191 385480 1,849 7,654 221 8,193 264,134 2,260 1,339 40,963 196,613 861,398 1,207,181 178,652 900 135,638 72,31636,146 270 10,956 45,793 13,203 651,767744.891857,523 196,436 5,580 31,843 360,446 39,768 1,067,497 70,45744,922 796 1,031,028 150.268 2,279 83,011 247,658 165,724 266,105452,015 Rye. Bushels, 2,466.678 1,562,621 2,118 72,410 180,231 249,558202.201 5,712 672,486 164,689 184,321 264 i,e:: 170,787 2,468 108,307 80,989 30 6,340 35,871 4,743 43,811 186 25,721 2.772 46,75210,722 7,308 3,221 1,619 8,825 20,171 18,497 14,798 21,018 11.540 9,0177,532 37,508 588 19,759 35,338 11,577 5.195 131,711 518415 4,930 11.678 133,538 866 96,43036,766 28,259 524 9,1655,984 7.185 2,468 23,618 12,936 5.16S 113,547 5.871 48,308 1,121 14,829 26,16S 37.23229,223 2.4048,686 1'4,51" 36,13649,182 544 58,401 29,264 89.824 4.38:- 40.778 1,4263,2965,58.56,670 167,504 99,502 1,0169.248 25,303 2,309 222 7,70'3,386 8,401 20,008 568 23,073 20,841 930 23,686 30,684 1,008 136,362 59,027 1,78'V 52,476 Indian Corn. Bushels. 129.921.395 78,812 8,5768,665 418 31.658 8,0306.888 137.985 80.426 1,453,905 844,280 1,064,053 466,986337,769 3,030,404 334,041 1,867.9661,146,980 3,934,720 1,883,336 614,688 1,019,994 813.357 8,183,111 570,487 581,964403,075 1,033,8491,311,6361,680,286 331,981 2,107,615 352,371 620,247968,585565,671 683,209 1,508,763 509,491 1,051,813 896,971 735,852 1,510,401 172,661 1,718,901 3,541,683 799,810611,951461,345 887,981 519,120 1,286,326 343,298674,383687.399681,267 2,708,318 517,868 3,077.088 656,363 1,656,978 1,183,696 4,381,6402,214,468 1,051,544 2,127,5491,034,067 1,188,903 8,648,726 133,126 1,362,4901,145,005 3.728,37? 1,973.881 2,054,962 543,718 1,527,898 3,198,835 1,753.141 1,787,066 969,284384,446 1,029.7251,399,188 315,958 196,736 334,859 510,080 483.594 1,459,658 531.516 4,388,763 440,975 758,771 2,082,578 1,149,8781,423,181 1,615,679 2,068,053 679,753 8,818,027 421,361 2,982,863 836,115 1,179,891 870,581 2,163,943 1,131,458 655,710 1,237,406 2,154,186 Oats. Bushels. 42.780.851 759,074 21,627 461,097 579,127 70,862 987,426 26.384 775,100 168,784 721,375 383,821212,628 269,945 446,324 315,964 1,684,225 136,255171,880 1,087,074 216,756 225,074 860,809290,679 129,152 386.073 497,396 154,589 222,426261,390 27,16464,029 269,332203,464 579,699 26,991 229,286 668,367 430,746 149,931 149,214 285,949 71,770 874,016 74,585 785,608 772,408468,890 787,952699,069 1,509,642 131,386 903,197 659,300 490,226 464,648 459,417475,252389,446 362,604 272,660 22,097 280,717 910,397 911,127 235,091 452,889152,251 668,424198,734 263,992 141,540 334,892 338,760130,610 161,419 67,886 16,511 86,519 414,487204,634276,575 69,793 397,718 119.369 13.462 637,812316,726476,851 960.620505,841 124,473 436,051 110,793601.054 533,398 404,482 119,663 880,838 1,868,682 180,986868.903 744, 5il nnfiT liTifi.a charge of the murder. He was indicted at the August term, 1851, of the circuit court. The trial commenced August 25, 1851, and concluded September 5. The jury returned a verdict of nnt guilty. H. B. Stillman, assisted by E. F. Dutcher and John A. Holland, conducted the prosecution. The defense was rep resented by H. A. Mix, Jason Marsh and B. C. Cook. The Paul-Augustine Murder. — On the 23d of l^fovember, 1854, Andrew Paul was stabbed to deatli by August Augustine. Augustine was a tenant of Paul's, and had a crib of corn on Paul's place, and had gone after it. Paul refused to let him have the corn, when they engaged in a quarrel about the matter and came to blows. Paul struck Augustine on the head with a rail. Augustine then drew his knife and killed Paul, and then drove to Brookville and swore out a warrant for the arrest of Paul for assault. Augustine was indicted at the May term, 1855, and tried at the same term. The defense introduced the plea of insanity, claim ing that the blow of the club had produced temporary insanity. The jury returned a verdict of not guilty. The following named gentlemen were interested in the case: For the prosecution, Wm. T. Miller, J. L. Loop and T. F. Goodhue; for the defense, H. A. Mix, Thomas J. Turner, £. F. Dutcher, David S. Pride, Eobert C. Burchell and Miles B. Light. Eichard F. Tallman was indicted at tho May term, 1856, for the murder of James W. Johnston, on the evening of the 2ist day of February, 1856, by stabbing him in the groin. Johnson died in forty-eight hours. A quarrel ensued between them in the grocery store of Michael JS^ohe, and upon being told by Nohe that he would have no fighting there, they went out in the street, where the quarrel was renewed, and during the altercation, Tallman thrust a knife into Johnston. The trial took place at the October term, 1856. William T. Miller, prosecuting attorney, assisted by M. P. Sweet and K. C. Burchell, conducted the case for the people. Messrs. Joseph Sears, J. L. Loop, Joseph Knox and William W. Heaton defended. The jury returned a verdict of manslaughter," and Tallman was sentenced to the penitentiary for five years. He was pardoned out by Governor Bissell, after having served out one year of his sentence. The next murder trial was on a change of venue from Carroll County, entitled the People vs, Charles Slowey for the murder of John Welsh. Slowey had been for some time engaged in mining for lead ore, with his victim as a partner. They had sunk two shafts near their shanty, about, two miles west of Mount Carroll, had taken out some ore, and had a pros pect of getting more. At this time they both got on a drunken spree, and a few days thereafter the victim was found dead in one of the shafts. Inves tigation showed plainly that death was not the result of accident or suicide, as the death wound was evidently inflicted by a miner's pick. After apost- mortem examination by Dr. B. P. Miller and Dr. John L. Hostetter, Slowey was arrested and committed for the murder, and indicted, as above stated. The case was continued to the September term, 1860, of the Circuit Court, when a change of venue was taken to this county. He was tried in November of that year, at Oregon, and convicted of murder in the first degree. The court. Judge Eustace, for some reason, having granted a new trial, the people accepted the proposition of William T. Miller, Slowey's counsel — Slowey to plead guilty to manslaughter, and a sentence to the 21 350 HISTOEY OF OGLE COUNTY. penitentiary for ten years. This was accordingly done. Slowey died a few weeks after getting to the penitentiary, the information being that his brain was badly diseased. The general impression, however, came to prevail that his disease of the brain was the result of cold head-baths, employed as pun ishment for breach of discipline. Samantha Dildine was indicted at the March term, 1860, for the mur der of a new born male (illegitimate) child. March 19, 1861, the court ordered that the case be continued for service. The woman was spirited away by her friends, and thus the matter ended. Eobert Livingston was indicted at the March term, 1861, for the sup posed murder of his wife, by poison. McCartney and Burchell prosecuted, and Messrs. Dutcher, Campbell and Carpenter defended. The jury dis agreed. A change of venue was granted the defendant to Lee County. The physician who made the chemical analysis went into the army, and in some manner Livingston was bailed out, and also enlisted in the service, and the case was dismissed. The last indictment for murder was that of The People v. Thomas Padgett, David B. Stiles, William Colditz. Thomas Skelton, John A. Huges, Henry Miller, Levi Schoonmaker and Sebra B. Eead, who were indicted at the June term, 1862, tor the murder of Thomas Burke, at Eochelle, by hanging. This oft'ense occurred during the war, when party spirit ran high. Some warehouses had been burned, and there was apparently ample proof of Burke's guilt. The case was tried at the June term, 1862, of the Cii'cuit Court. David McCartney and John Y. Eustace prosecuted, andE. F. Dutcher, M. D. Hathaway and E. C. Burchell managed the case for the defense. The jury returned a verdict of not guilty. PEAIEIE PIEATES. In the preceding pages of this book frequent reference is made to the outrages of a combination of outlaws — horse thieves, counterfeiters and murderers — that fastened themselves upon the country of the Eock Eiver Yalley about the year 1835. About the confines of American civilization there has always hovered, like scouts belbie the march of an invading army, a swarm of bold, enterprising, adventurous criminals. The broad, untrod den prairies, the trackless forests, the rivers, unbroken by the keels of com merce, furnished admirable refuge for those whose crimes drove them from companionship with the honest and law-abiding. Hovering there, where courts and civil processes could aftbrd but a weak bulwark of protection against their evil and dishonest purposes and practices, the temptation to prey upon the comparatively unprotected sons of toil, rather than to gain a livelihood by the slow process of peaceful industry, has proved too strong to be resisted. Some of these reckless characters sought the outskirts of advancing settlements for the express purpose of theft and robbery; some, because they dare not remain within reach of efficient laws; others, of lim ited means, but ambitious to secure homes of their own, and with honesty of purpose, exclianged the comforts and protection of law afforded by the old settled and populous districts for life on the frontiers, and not finding all that their fancy painted, were tempted into crime by apparent immunity from punishment. In all new countries the proportion of the dishonest and criminal has been greater than in the older and better regulated com munities where courts are permanently established and the avenues ot HISTOEY OF OGLE COUNTY. 351 I escape fi'om punishment for wrong-doing more securely guarded. This was notably and particularly the case in the early settlement of Ogle and adjoining counties. At the time of which we write, and for a number of years afterwards, a strong and well-organized band of desperadoes held almost undisputed and unobstructed dominion throughout this whole region of country, and very few of the honest settlers were fortunate enough to preserve all their property from being swept into the meshes of the net-work these land pirates had spread around them. Good horses and their equipments were the most easily captured and most readily concealed, and consequently the most coveted by the outlaws, as well as the most unsafe property the settlers could hold. Owners of fast or really good horses never presumed to leave them unguarded for a single night, unless the stable was doubly locked and barred, and a faithful dog either left within the stable or at the stable door; and often times the owners would sleep in the stable with their trusty rifles by their side, while no man ever thought of going to his stable or his wood pile after nightfall without his gun. The leaders of this gang of cut throats were among the first settlers of the county, and as a consequence, had the choice of locations. Among the most prominent and daring of the number were John Driscoll, William and David Driscoll, his sons; John Brodie and three of his sons, John, Stephen and Hugh; Samuel Aikens and three sons, Eichard, Charles and Thomas; William K. Bridge and Norton B. Eoyce. These men were the representative characters of the gang — the execu tive managers who planned, guided, directed and controlled the movements of the combination; concealed them when danger threatened; nursed them when sick; rested them when worn down by fatigue and forced marches; furnished hiding-places for their stolen booty; shared in the spoils and proceeds, and under cover of darkness, and intricate and devious ways of travel, known only to themselves and subordinates, transferred stolen horses from station to station — for it came to be known as a well-established fact that they had stations, and agents, and watchmen scattered throughout the country at convenient distances, and signals and pass-words to assist and govern them in all their nefarious transactions. The operations of the gang extended from one end of the country to the other — from Texas, up through the Indian Territory, Arkansas, Missouri and Illinois, to Wisconsin; from the Ohio Eiver, at Pittsburgh, through the States of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois and Iowa, to the Missouri Eiver — as far as civilization extended. Their hands and depredations were directed against society everywhere, and they preyed upon the substance of honest toilers, merchants and business men, with reckless and daring impunity, sparing no one who was not in some way allied with their murder- stained combination. Besides the names quoted as local members and chiefs of the robber confederacy, there were many others of less prominence — tools and aids-de camp — ready subordinates of the commanders-in-chief, but all the more dangerous because of their slavery to the men that governed and the oaths that bound them together, and by which their lives were held in forfeit when they failed to obey the commands of their superiors in power. John Driscoll, who was recognized by the honest settlers as the general-in-chief of the plundering band, came from Ohio in 1835, and settled on Killbuck Creek, in Monroe Township. It has been said that he 362 HISTOEY OF OGLE COUNTY. named that creek in honor of a stream bearing the same name in the Ohio county in whicli he lived. And it is further said that when he came here he came directly from the penitentiary at Columbus, to which prison he had been sentenced for a number of years for some crime committed against the laws of that state. It has also been said that he escaped from that penitentiary some eighteen months before his term of sentence expired, so that he was in no sense a pardoned citizen or a " ticket-of-leave man," but an escaped convict. In many respects old John Driscoll is reported to have been a most remarkable man, both in physique, intellect, coolness and courage. One who knew him well, and who participated in his execution, thus describes him as he stood in the presence of five hundred outraged and indignant people on the day of his summary execution, Tues day, June 29, 1841. " He was upwards of six feet in height, slightly inclined to corpulency, and would have weighed about two hundred pounds. He was all muscle and sinew, and every way the most powerfully built man in all that crowd of half a thousand men. His face was the only repulsive feature about old John Driscoll, and this repulsiveness was occasioned by the loss of a part of his nose, which had been bitten off some years before in a fight with some human ghoul. His hair was iron gray and coarse; his eyebrows heavy and shaggy-like, and his face smooth, from recent shaving. Un- trembling and unmoved, he stood motionless in the midst of his inquisitors and executioners. He was not an ignorant man, nor void of generosity or charity. There were many kind acts passed to his credit in the neighbor hood where he lived. In one instance he and his sons finished plowing and planting a field of corn for a wife and mother whose husband had died in the midst of the planting season. He might have been a useful and an in fluential citizen in any community, but he chose otherwise, and became an outlaw and a renegade to all the better instincts of human nature." William Driscoll settled at South Grove, De Kalb County. Next to the old man, William Driscoll was considered the worst and most desperate of the family — sly, secretive, cunning aud revengeful. He was unlettered and uneducated, but possessed of strong native sense. At the time of his execution, June 29, 1841, he was about forty-five years of age, rather above the average height of men, of heavy build and very muscular, and would probably have tipped the scales at one hundred and eighty pounds. His features were firm and presented a peculiarly heavy appearance. He was that typo of man that could face any ordinary danger without the least fear, but in the presence of five hundred resolute men, determined to hold him to an account for his manifold crimes, he was awed into the most terrible fear, and every lineament of his face, showed evidences of inward torture. David Driscoll settledashort distance east of the old village siteof Lynn ville, in what is now Lynnville Township. He was a man of very reserved character, cold, calculating, devilish, malicious and fearless, and in every sense a " chip of the old block." John Brodie settled in a grove of timber in what is now Dement Township. The grove still bears his name, from the fact of his being the first settler in that immediate locality. He came there from Franklin County, Ohio, and was apparently about fifty-five years of age when he built his cabin. In physlgae he was rather under medium size, with very low forehead; stiff, black hair; small, black eyes set deep in his head, and in every particular had a very repulsive, piratical look. His three sons, HISTOEY OF OGLE COUNTY. 353 John, Stephen and Hugh, were of nomadic, rambling, unsettled natures, practices and habits, reckless and indifferent to all social amenities, and void of every shadow of respect for the marital relations. They were accounted dare-devils generally, and were both feared and despised. Old man Samuel Aikens and his son Charles settled at Washington Grove; his other two sons, Thomas and Eichard, at Lafayette Grove, scarcely half a mile distant. When this family first settled here they were regarded as rather good men, and the father and younger son, Samuel (wnose name has not been mentioned before), always maintained that regard. When speculation in claims became the ruling passion, they all joined the frenzied mob, and invested heavily, expecting to realize hand some returns. But the wheel of fortune suddenly reversed its motion, and they lost heavily. They were men of considerable wealth and influence, and when they became victims to the claim speculating mania, they carried with them a number of their neighbors and acquaintances — men that regarded the old man Aikens with respectful consideration, and in whose thrift and ken they had every confidence. When the Aikens failed they all failed, for the old man had been their counselor and advisor. So, when fortune, the fickle jade, deserted them and left them high and dry on the shoals of adversity, the three sons, Charles, Thomas and Eichard, became reckless, and finally identified themselves with the outlaws — if not directly, at least indirectly, and their houses and barns became places of concealment for such of the gang as needed concealment. William K. Bridge also settled at Washington Grove. In stature he stood about six feet, and in every way was well proportioned. " Indeed," said one of his old neighbors, with whom the writer conversed, " he was a model man in physical development, and one that would be singled out of a thousand because of his fine, athletic proportions. In form he was an Adonis. Besides, his face was handsome, and his bearing every way that of a gentleman. His conversational powers were good. He had an oily tongue, and could ' soft soap ' any of us, notwithstanding we knew he was one of the gang. As i? sometimes said of counterfeit bills, ' he was well calculated to deceive.' He would have made a noted lawyer, if he had turned his attention to that profession, or a good preacher, if there had been room in his heart and soul for the indwelling of the Holy Ghost; but the demon of darkness took possession of his nature before he was born, and grew with his growth and strengthened with his strength, until at last he was sent out here as a special agent of the devil, to deceive and prey upon the honest settlers who were struggling for homes. By his immediate neighbors he was accounted a model of rectitude, charity and kindness. He was a Pennsylvanian by birth, and had the advantages of a liberal edu cation; had mingled a good deal in society, knew the meaning of words, and how and when to use them. He w.is always on hio guard. He never allowed himself to be betrayed by either word or gesture. Why, he would always find out just what we were hunting after without letting us know what he was ' fishing for.' We couldn't help it. HeVas the serpent and we were the victims." Such isthe personel and characteristics of William K. Bridge, who was finally brought to bay and sentenced to the peniten tiary for eight years, barely escaping the scaffold. Norton B. Eoyce came from Delaware County, Ohio, and settled at Lafayette Grove. He, too, was a keen, shrewd, sharp, cunning fellow,, aud every way suited to fill any station in life, but too lazy and indolent to en- 354 HISTOEY OF OGLE COUNTY. gage in honest toil or any of the professions, he turned his attention to counterfeiting, and was generally believed to be the principal director of the pirates' mint. At last, however, like the others, his villainy was un masked, and he, too, was sent to the penitentiary. Such is a brief outline of the characters of the gang who had claimed homes in the county whose history we are writing. There were some others, however, who were non-residents of the county, but who were so inti- mately connected with the transactions of the men thus far named, that this sketch would be incomplete without reference to them and their com plicity. Charles Oliver was much such a man as Bridge and Eoyce. He set-. tied at Eockford in 1836, and made his home at the old Eockford House, where, among the boarders and citizens, he freely mingled, unsuspected of unlawful pursuits. He possessed a good education, fine conversational powers, a fund of humor, a rich store of anecdotes and stories, and came to be almost universally respected. He was a man of some means, his father having started him out in the world with $4,000 in cash, a part of which he invested in claim property and improvements near Eockford. About 1837 there was an election for justice of the pleace at Eockford, and Charles Oliver was chosen as a candidate on the one side, and James B. Martyn, now of Bellvidere, Boone County, a candidate on the other side. The election was closely contested. The polls were kept open until 10 o'clock at night, and every man known to be entitled to a vote was hunted out and taken to the voting place and made to vote for one or the other of the candidates. Oliver was beaten by only a few votes. A few years afterwards he was sent to the penitentiary, his crimes extending back and covering the period when he came so near being elected a justice of the peace. South, at Inlet Grove, in what is now Lee County, another part of the gang had a habitation, and of whom it is necessary to make mention. About 1835 or 1836, there came to that place, Adolphus Bliss and family, and two other men named Corydon Dewey and Charles West. The names of Bliss, Dewey and West appear frequently in the early records of the county as grand and petit jurors, justices of the peace, constables, etc., which will aff'ord the younger generation and new comers to Ogle County some idea of the prominence attained and influence exerted by the unlaw ful and crime-stained combination. These three families were the first settlers at Inlet Grove, and from the close intimacy that existed between them, they come to be known to the later settlers as " Bliss, Dewey, West & Co.'' They had each settled on government land, and to the casual passer-by seemed to be intent on making farms and earning an honest living. But time and events proved otherwise. Bliss had built a log house, which was known all along the Eock Eiver Yalley as the " Log Tavern." On a board in front of the house, painted in large black letters, was this inscription : " Travelers' Home," To many a land hunter in those days that sign was a welcome sight, and many a family and individual sojourned there longer than they would have done had they known the trup character of the proprietors. Later events showed that this "Log Tavern" was a rendezvous for counterfeiters, or, at least, a distributing point for their currency and coin, especially the hitter. Making change is quite a business in its way with hotel keepers, and, as ,^ most people know, change is sometimes hard to get, but " mine host" of HISTOEY OF OGLE COUNTY. 355 the " Travelers' Home " was never " short," for he had the means of mak ing the supply equal to the demand. When the villainy of the clan began to be unmasked, it was shown that no less that five sets of bogus dies were kept sewed up in one of the feather beds with which the " Home " was sup plied. Dewey was Bliss' nearest neighbor on the one hand, and West on the other, the last of whom eventually turned traitor, and revealed the secrets of " Bliss, Dewey, West & Co.," as well as of the gang with whom they operated. As settlements in that neighborhood increased, Dewey was elected justice of the peace, and West was chosen constable. When ever their funds began to run low, all that was necessary to replenish their exchequer was to call on the " keeper of the seals," and officially demand the dies, and their demands were never resisted — for such resistance would have been a criminal breach of the law! Whenever an attempt was made to arrest a villain, Justice Dewey would inform his comrades of the facts, then issue a warrant and place it^in the hands of Constable West for service, who, knowing in what direction the outlaw had gone, would start out in hot haste in a directly opposite direction, and, of course, always returned his warrants endorsed " not found." For years, the firm of " Bliss, Dewey, West & Oo." boldly prosecuted this kind of business. At last, however, their true characters were unmasked, and Bliss and Dewey were arrested, tried, convicted, and sent to the state's prison at Alton — West appearing against them as a witness on the part of the people. These personal references are necessary for a clear understanding of the historical events to follow — events that gave the Eock Eiver country a national notoriety, and which ended in tho arraignment and trial under one indictment and before one jury, of the greatest number of men ever pre sented together before a judicial tribunal. With an unlawful combination made up of such characters, and scat tered about in different parts of the country, and with members enough to control the election of justices of the peace and other local officers, to infiu ence and break the force and power of juries, it is no wonder the honest, toiling, struggling pioneer settlers came to live in a continued state of ter ror—a terror that brooded over them from about 1836-'37, until the gang was broken up and dispersed in J 845. For a period of one year after the killing of the Driscolls, the people of Oregon City never went to sleep until the citizen sentries had gone on duty. So bold and daring had the outlaws become, that the honest people were forced, as a matter of self-protection, to organize themselves for night patrol duty — taking turns every other night. And even then,, they felt unsafe, for no one knew the hour when the night-watch would be overpowered, and a general butchery of the citi zens — men, women and children — indiscriminately commenced. These Prairie Pirates were well organized, and had well defined lines of travel throughout all the country in which they operated. Extending from the Ohio Eiver at Pittsburgh on the east, to the Missouri Eiver on the west; from different points in the south and southwest, up into Wiscon- 'iin, to the lakes and to Michigan, there were lines of horse thieves, along which stolen horses were continually passing and repassing. These lines *ere supplied with convenient stations, and the stations were in charge of ;nen, who, to all outward appearances, were honest, hard-working settlers. iUnder this arrangement a horse stolen at either end of the line, or any ivhere in its vicinity in the interior, for that matter, could be passed from mme agent to another, and no one of the agents be absent from his home or i 356 HISTOEY OF OGLE COUNTY. business for more than a few hours at a time, and thus, for years, remain unsuspected. But their operations grew bolder and bolder. Horse after horse was stolen and spirited away, no one knew where or how; robbery after robbery occurred throughout the country; every once in a while a mangled corpse would be found in some uninhabited wood; counterfeit money fiooded the country, but no clue to the authors of these crimes could be obtained. Ogle County, particularly, seemed to be a favorite and chosen field for the operations of these outlaws, but they extended into Winnebago and other counties as welh At last they became too common for longer endurance. Patience ceased to be a virtue; and hope that such things would die out as the country advanced in population and improvements, grew sick, and determined desperation seized upon the minds of honest men, and they resolved if there were no statute laws that would protect them against the ravages of thieves, robbers and counterfeiters, they would protect ihemselves. It was a desperate resolve, and desperately and bloodily executed. Up to 1841 no decisive measures had been inaugurated to rid the country of the presence of the villains that had apparent control of every thing. The laws could not be enforced with any degree of efticiency. If arrested, tried and found sufficiently guilty to hold them to bail (in bailable offenses) there were no jails sufficiently secure to hold them; and even if there had been, there were members of the gang abundantly able to offer any amount of bail required. Witnesses were always present to prove an alibi, and thus it came about that the ranks of the prairie pirates were never thinned out by law processes. In April of this year, however, fifteen honest, sturdy, fearless and determined men who had been victims to the predatory raids of the outlaws, held a meeting in a log school-house at White Eock, for consultation. These fifteen men represented a large district of country upon which the gang had so long preyed unmolested. Some of them were native born Americans — some were Canadians, and some were Scotchmen, but all were resolute and determined. That meeting, after fully and carefully reviewing the situation and the repeated outrages to which the community had been subjected, and recognizing the fact, as it seemed to them, that law, justice and its executives were inadequate to the protection of the people and the arrest and punishment of the outlaws, they entered into a solemn compact with each other to rid the country of the desperadoes by which it was infested. The course resolved upon was to visit every known or suspected person, and notify them to leave the country within a given length of time, and that if they did not comply, they would be summarily and severely dealt with — stripped and lashed until they would promise to comply with the decision and demands of the " Eegulators." To the accomplishment of this work the Ogle County Eegulators solemnly pledged themselves or to die in the attempt. The work was soon commenced. From fifteen, their num bers soon increased to scores and hundreds. The first victim was a man named John Hurl, who had been charged with being instrumental in hav ing his neighbor's horse stolen. He was taken out of his house and ordered to stiip, which order he obeyed. His hands were tied behind his back, when he was given thirty-six lashes with a raw hide, well applied, the blood following every stroke. He stood the ordeal, said an eye witness, without flinching, and when the terrible work was ended, he remarked : " Now, as your rage is satisfied, and to prove that I am an honest man, I will join / .=^ ATTY AT LAW OREGON HISTOEY OF OGLE COUNTY. 359 your company." He became a member of the Eegulators, although it was almost certainly known that before this castigation his life had not been one of irreproachable honesty. Their next victim was a man named Daggett, who had once been a Baptist preacher in the East, but had fallen from his high estate. Daggett was charged with being accessory to the stealing of three or four horses from the neighborhood of Eockford belonging to a man named Fish. He was taken into custody, tried by the rules adopted by the Eegulators, found guilty and sentenced to receive fi-ve hundred lashes on his bare bach. He was stripped for the ordeal, and every preparation made to execute the sentence, but before a blow was struck, his daughter, aged about sixteen years, of very prepossessing appearance, rushed frantically into the midst of the men, begging for mercy for her father. Her agonized appeals, together with the solemn promise of Daggett that he would leave the country immediately, and the infiuence of one or two of the representative men of the itegulators, secured a remission of the sentence, and he was left without the infliction of a single lash. The company, numbering one hundred men, then dispersed to their homes, and thus ended the first day's work of the Eegulators. About two o'clock that night, however, Phineas Chaney, a prominent and influential member of the Vigilantes, was called from his bed by the presence of a number of the Eegulators, who informed him they had found Fish, the owner of the horses Daggett was charged with having had spirited away, and that they wanted to go back to Dag gett's, take him out and whip him until he confessed to the crime. Chaney opposed the scheme on the grounds that they had once tried Daggett, and entered into a solemn agreement with him to spare a punishment which was no doubt just, but to go back there and carry out the proposed purpose of his midnight visitors, before Daggett had time to make the least prepara tion toward keeping his part of the contract, would be dishonorable and unmanly, and that he would in no wise countenance or encourage such a proceeding. Exacting a promise from Mr. Chaney that he would not oppose them, the company proceeded to Daggett's house, took him from bed, and to a distance of two miles from his cabin, tied him to a burr oak tree, and gave him ninety-six lashes, well laid on. During the infliction of this terrible flagellation, Daggett confessed (as was reported) that he had helped steal the horses, but protested to the last that he did not know where they were — that they had passed beyond his knowledge. After the whipping he was released from his cords and allowed to go at will. The next morn ing Daggett was reported to have left the county for Indiana, whither his family soon after followed him. Whether he really left that morning, or found concealment with some of the fraternity to which he belonged, was never certainly known, but it is a fact that he was never afterwards seen in the country. Once started, the organization spread, and soon extended into Boone, DeKalb, McHenry and Winnebago Counties, and, had a red flag been hoisted during the night over every house the inmates of which sympathized with the Eegulators, the people, when they awoke, would have supposed the whole country had the small-pox. The friends and comrades of the men who had been whipped and ordered to leave the country were fearfully enraged, and swore eternal and bloody vengeance. Eighty of them assembled one night soon after in the barns of Aikens and Bridge — flrst in one of the barns, and then adjourned to the other — where their plans were 360 HISTOEY OF OGLE COUNTY. laid and preparations made to visit White Eock and murder every man woman and child in that liamlet. That they absolutely started on that bloody mission was positively known, but on the way they were met by another member of the gang, a little cooler headed than the masses, and learning the terrible object of their raid, he implored them to desist from the undertaking, and was finally successful in prevailing upon them to disperse to their homes. The plans, however, of the desperadoes having been over heard, and intelligence of the threatened massacre carried to White Eock, preparations were at once made by the people to defend their homes and their lives as dearly as the emergency of the occasion required. Armed with rifies, shot guns, pistols, pitchforks — any thing and every thing that could be made available as weapons of defense — nearly one hundred ofthe settlers of White Eock, including every boy who was old enough and big enough to handle any of the weapons named, met together and took up a position in a lane dividing the premises of T. O. Young and J. Sanford, and prepared to receive the threatened attack. The fences were torn down and a barricade erected across the lane. Eails were piled on the cross- fence, with one end resting on the ground Dn the side towards the defend ing settlers, with the other ends projecting outward in the direction from which the murderous crew must come, thus forming a kind of abatis pro tection. Fortunately, the pirates reconsidered their purpose, and their threat was not executed. Within a short time after the Eegulators commenced their work of extermination, as previously mentioned, and about the time the piratical clan had sworn vengeance against the people of White Eock, Mr. W. S. Wellington, who had been chosen as the first captain of the Eegulators, resigned and John Campbell, a Scotchman and a devout Presbyterian, was chosen as his successor. Within two weeks after his election, he received a letter from William Driscoll filled with most direful threats — not only threatening Campbell's life, but the life of every one who dared to oppose their murderous, thieving operations. The only effect of this letter was to add fresh^fuel to the already kindled fiame, and in directing the rage of the entire community against the Driscolls. Soon after the receipt of this letter by Mr. Campbell, one hundred and ninety-six of the Eegulators assembled together and marched to the residence of the Driscolls, in South Grove. On approaching the place, they discovered a number of ruffians armed to the teeth, as if inviting the attack. When within a half a mile 'of the house, they halted to complete arrangements for the assault. There it was determined that one of the number should go forward and beard the lion in his den. While preparing to draw lots as to who should undertake this death-ride a young man, who afterwards became one of Eockford's best known citizens, volunteered to undertake the mission, and immediately started. As he neared the house, the door flew open, and nearly a score of ruffians, all armed with pistols, dashed out and made for the woods. The old man Driscoll mounted a fast horse and was soon beyond pursuit. One man remained behind, and he informed the two hundred determined men that Driscoll had gone to Sycamore to muster his forces, and that they would return in two hours to fight them. J^othing daunted, the Eegulators dismounted and threw themselves upon the ground to await the coming of Driscoll's mob. At three o'clock in the afternoon Driscoll returned, but instead of bringing his threatened company of confederates, he brought Sheriti' AVal- HISTOEY OF OGLE COUNTY. 361 rodd. Squire Mayo,' and the Probate Judge, Lovell, of DeKalb County. These gentlemen inquired the nature of the strange gathering, in reply to which Mr. Campbell, as leader of the citizens, made a decided and effective answer, every word of which fell with powerful force against Driscoll and his confederates. He not only told why they were there, and for what pur pose they had come, but what they intended to do. He told of crimes the Driscolls had committed — how William Driscoll and another man had robbed Waterman's store at ISTewburg, Boone County, and secreted the plunder in a hiding place in Hickory Grove, and that in a day or two after wards Driscoll had gone in the dead hour of night and stolen the goods from his confederate, thereby "making himself the meanest thief on the face of God's earth." The Driscolls stood by livid with rage and gnashed their teeth as Campbell told of their dark deeds. When Campbell had finished, the three gentlemen from DeKalb, who had come over with Driscoll, abandoned them, and told the Eegtilators that any time they needed help to carry out their purpose to call on Sycamore, from whence they could rely on at least one hundred good and willing men. The Driscolls were then notified to leave the state, and were allowed to name the day when they would depart. They fixed the time at twenty days. Soon after the citizens dispersed to their homes. The Driscolls did not leave the country, nor did they make preparations to leave. On the contrary, they continued in their evil ways, and if possi ble became bolder and more defiant than ever, notwithstanding they made the most solemn protestations that they were making arrangements to quit the country. In less than ten days after the events narrated above, a meeting of the outlaws and desperadoes was held on the farm of William Bridge, at Washington Grove, where the murder of Campbell and Chaney was planned, and David and Taylor Driscoll detailed to the murder of Campbell. They were sworn to waylay Campbell, and not to leave him until he was a corpse. It was never certainly known who of the gang were detailed to murder Chaney, but it is known that on Friday night, June 25, 1841, his intended and designated assassin visited his premises in the dead hour of night. Chaney had two ferocious watch dogs, who " treed " them on his corn cribs, where they remained until nearly daylight, when they managed to quiet the dogs, and got away under cover of the same darkness that con cealed their murderous coming. During the alarm created by his dogs, Chaney got up from his bed, and started out to see what was wrong, but taking a second thought and remembering that his murder had been ^ threatened, he returned to his bed, and thus saved his life. His murder, however, was reported the next morning at school by Hettie, the little daughter of Bridge. Her story was this : She slept in a trundle bed which was drawn out from beneath the bed occupied by her father and mother. In the morning just before daylight, she overheard her father telling her mother that " Chaney was killed last night by some men that had been sent to do that work." This statement of his child, too young and innocent to manufacture the statement, or to know the part her father bore towards the murderous banditti, left no reason for the settlers to doubt that Bridge knew all about the scheme, the time fixed and the names of the cut-throats set to carry out that'part of the sworn vengeance of the infamous and cowardly combination. Sunday, June 27, 1841, the two Driscolls — David and Taylor — who 362 HISTOEY OF OGLE COUNTY. had been appointed and sworn to murder John Campbell, accomplished the atrocious and bloody purpose. Saturday the 26th, Mr. Campbell had gone to Eockford, where he remained over night, returning ¦ to his home, in White Eock, about noon on Sunday. In the afternoon ne and his family went to church at a school-house one mile west of his residence, from which service they returned between five and six o'clock. After supper Campbell lay down on a lounge to rest. About sundown, he arose, went out of the house and started towards the barn, which stood across a lane from his house. In the lane, and a little south of the crossing between the barn and the house, there was a copse or " bunch" of hazel brush, which, in full leaf, was thick enough to hide his murderers. As he stepped through the gate from the door yard into the lane, his assassins rose up from behind the bunch of hazels and remarked, " We want to go to the burnt mill,* but have lost our way." Before Campbell could answer, David Driscoll raised his gun, and aiming it at the object of their wrath and sworn vengeance, shot him through the heart. After he was shot, Campbell re-entered the gate, and, blinded by approaching death, turned a little to the southeast, and fell a lifeless corpse fourteen feet from the gate. The Driscolls had kept their oath. After the shooting, the murderers turned and started in a southeast direction, leaving the house a little to their left. As Campbell fell, his wife ran to him, and as she reached his lifeless remains, she called after the flee ing scoundrels, " Driscolls, you have murdered John Campbell." Aa Mrs. Campbell uttered this exclamation, the murderers made a temporary halt, and Taylor Driscoll raised his rifie and pointed it towards her, but lowered it without firing, and the two resumed their retreat from the scene of blood. In the meantime, Martin Campbell, aged about thirteen years, a son of the victim, seized a double-barrelled shot gun and running around the house, aimed at the fieeing murderers, pulled the trigger, but both caps snapped. The gun was double charged with buck shot, but having been loaded for some time and exposed to damp and wet, failed to go off, and thus the murderers both got away. News of this murder spread like wildfire. Indignation against the Driscolls was aroused to fever heat. On Monday, the 28th, the remains of Campbell were buried. After the funeral, the excitement and indignation against the perpetrators and instigators of the bloody crime broke out afresh. The very air was filled with threats of vengeance against them, and nothing but the lives of the murderous gang would pay the penalty. IsTews of the terrible crime had been carried to Sycamore, Oregon and Eockford, and help in the work of extermination demanded, and it was given. Monday afternoon Eockford was more like a deserted village, than a bustling, busy little town. Every man that could go, went — all determined to avenge Campbell's death. A little after sunrise on Monday morning after the murder, old John Driscoll was arrested by the Ogle County sheriff and posse comitatus at the house of his son David, near Lynnville, and during the day he was taken to the jail at Oregon City. * The mill here referred to had belonged to John Long, who had taken an active part against the gang, and in revenge it is supposed some of them had burned his mill. The same night the mill was burned, the incendiaries broke all the legs of the only horse Mr. Long owned, and which he used to ride between his residence and mill, which were situatett about one mile apart. After that occurrence, Mr. Long was rather reticent and indifferent towards the wretches — seemingly awed into submission and silence. HISTOEY OF OGLE COUNTY. 363 As soon as it was sufficiently light on Monday morning, the friends and neighbors of Campbell began to look around for some evidences that would help them trace the murderers, believing that, while David and Taylor Driscoll had perpetrated the bloody work, accessories were near by to offer their assistance in case they were foiled in their undertaking, and hkely to be overpowered. They pretty soon came on what seemed to be the tracks of five horses pointing in the direction of David Driscoll's. One of these tracks was marked by a part (two nails and the cork) of a horse shoe. This trail was taken up and followed to David Driscoll's stable. While a part of the men went to the house and entered it, another part went into the stable, where they found an animal that seemed to have been hardly ridden, and still covered with hard, dry sweat. An examination of the feet of this animal discovered a part of a shoe that corresponded exactly with the tracks discovered at Campbell's, and which had been followed a distance of seven miles, to where the animal was found. This was consid ered strong circumstantial evidence, at least, and the next important step was to learn who had ridden the animal, and old man Driscoll, the only male member of the family present, was thus interrogated by one of the " Who rode that animal in the stable (describing it) this morning? " " I rode it," replied the old man, " from South Grove." "Who rode it to South Grove last night? " "I rode it there yesterday afternoon." " Who rode it from necur Campbell's place yesterday evening? " To this last question the old man made no answer, and from that time forward, he maintained a dogged, stubborn silence, only speaking when it was unavoidably necessary. William T. Ward, the sheriff of Ogle County, when he found Driscoll would answer no more questions upon that point, spoke to him as follows : "Driscoll, that broken horse shoe and the tracks it left, have placed you in a quandary from which you will find it difficult to extricate yourself, and I take you under arrest, in the name of the people of the State of Illinois, on suspicion of being accessory to the murder of John Campbell." During the time thns occupied, one of the female members of the Driscoll household (a daughter-in-law) remarked to some of the posse that the old man "was a bad and dangerous character, and that if he had received his just deserts, he would have been shot long ago." Breakfast was soon served, and the old man was told to eat his break fast and get ready to accompany the sheriff. He sat up to the table, but ate very sparingly, after which he was told to bid his wife (who was there) and the rest of the family " good-bye," as he might never see them again. Calmly, coolly, indifferently, and without feeling, as far as outward indica tions showed, he turned to his wife and said, " Take care of yourself, and do the best you can" — "only that, and nothing more," and then went out to his death. William and Pierce Driscoll were arrested at their homes at South Grove, DeKalb County, on the afternoon of the same day, by the Eockford men, and taken to the residence of John Campbell, and kept under guard over night. David and Taylor Driscoll, William K. Bridge, Eichard and Thomas Aikens were also sought after, but were not found. They had escaped the vigilance of an outraged people, and fled, no one knew whither. Tuesday morning, the 29th, the people of White Eock, having heard that 364 HISTOEY OF OGLE COUNTY. the citizens of Eockford had William and Pierce Driscoll prisoners at Campbell's, prepared for immediate and decided action, and while the set tlers were gathering in force, three of their most trusted and determined men came to Oregon, and, against the protestations of the sheriff and the admonitions and warnings of Judge Ford, took John Driscoll from the custody of the sheriff, hurried him across the river, and started towards Washington Grove via Daysville. At Daysville a temporary halt was made, and there Obcd Lindsay and Phinneas Chaney took the old man aside to interrogate him in regard to his former life. He confessed to them that he had been a very bad man, and that he had done many unlawful and vicious things, but that he had never committed murder. He admitted that he had stolen, or caused to be stolen, as many as fifty horses. The question was asked him, if the nnmberwould not reach five hundred, which he answered by saying, " may be it might ; I have lost count. I have paid out hundreds of dollars to young men for stealing horses from men against whom I have had a grudge, and from which I never received a cent of profit. I paid these hundreds of dollars in small sums of from ten to twenty dollars each. I did not expect any profit from such expenditures. All I wanted was sweet revenge. I also did a great wrong towards Pierce, my son, whom I was the means of sending to the Ohio penitentiary. I had a grudge against a man that lived seven miles away, arid determined to burn his barn. Pierce lived half way between my place and the man against whom I held this grudge. I went to Pierce's stable, in the dark hour of night, took out his horse, rode to the barn, set it on fire, and returned the horse to the stable. The roads were muddy and the horse was easily tracked. The tracks led to and from Pierce's stable, and he was arrested; ¦ tried, convicted and sentenced to the penitentiary for three years, and i served out his time." Pierce Driscoll subsequently confirmed this state ment, which left no room to doubt the terribly depraved nature of his father. At Daysville the crowd had increased to about one hundred men. When Lindsay and Chaney had finished questioning their captive prisoner, the excited crowd moved on towards Washington Grove, where they arrived about ten o'clock, and were joined by the Eockford division with their pris oners, William and Pierce Driscoll. After the White Eock people crossed the river with old man Driscoll, an inch rope halter was taken from a horse's head and tied- around his neck, and in this way he was taken to the place of execution. Neither one of the other prisoners were hampered hy man acles of any kind. When all parties had arrived at Washington Grove, as many as five hundred indignant and outraged citizens were present. Some from Win nebago, some from DeKalb, some from Lee, but the majority was made up from Ogle County. Almost all classes of citizens were represented — farm ers, mechanics, lawyers, preachers, doctors, justices of the peace, constables and sheriffs. Among the lawyers present, were E. S. Leland (since a prom inent judge, and now living at Ottawa), W. W. Fuller, of Oregon; Jason Marsh and Latimer, of Eockford. Leland was chosen as a general director of the proceedings to ensue.. The Eegulators were ordered to form in a circle around a large black oak tree. One hundred and twenty of them thus formed, when Mr. Leland suggested that if there were any men in that circle that were objectionable, on any account, that challengers be selected to point them out and have them removed. Under this ruling, the number was reduced to one hundred and eleven men. Chairs were placed HISTOEY OF OGLE COUNTY. 365 within the circle and occupied by the prisoners, justices of the peace, etc. The witnesses were sworn by one of the justices present, and the prisoners airaigned for trial. William Driscoll was arraigned first, and asked by Mr. Leland " if he had ever instructed his brother David to go to the Captain's (meaning Campbell) at twilight in the evening, pretend to be lost, call him out to inquire the way, and then shoot him down, as they did in Iowa, on a certain occasion, and saying, ' d — n them (the Eegulators), they will all run then, as they did there? ' " The accused answered in positive language that he had not. Henry Hill, as worthy a man as ever lived in Ogle County, was then sworn and examined. He testified that he had heard William Driscoll give the accused the instructions just quoted, and named the time and the occasion. Driscoll's memory thus refreshed, he answered : "I remember it now; I did use the language, but only did it in jest;" when Leland replied: " Driscoll, you will find that jesting away good men's lives is a serious matter, and that it will not be tolerated in this community." The evidence of Henry Hill, and others who corroborated him, was held as sufficient to establish his guilt, as accessory to the murder of John Campbell. The old man Driscoll was next arraigned and similarly questioned. The broken horse-shoe track and other evidence which he could not explain away was submitted to the jury of "one hundred and eleven" men. The examination of witnesses was thorough. Both men were given fair and just opportunities to show their innocence, if they were innocent, as accessories to the murder of Campbell. Besides this, there were other crimes that had been traced to the hands of these men, and upon which they were also ques tioned. Failing to explain away the dark and damtiing circumstances that surrounded them — that pointed unerringly to their guilty participation in many well-specified crimes — they were held to answer. The proceedings were conducted calmly, coolly, deliberately, but with a firmness and determination that showed the citizens to be in earnest in their determination to free the country from the dominion and presence of outlaws. At last, when the examination of old John Driscoll was concluded, the question was put to the men forming the circle within which the prisoners had been tried: " What say you, gentlemen, guilty or not guilty?" " Guilty," was the umMnimous response of the one hundred and eleven men composing the jury oefore whom John and David Driscoll had been tried, and they were sentenced to be hanged. When the sentence was announced, the condemned men begged that the sentence be changed — that they might be shot to death, instead of being "hanged like dogs." A motion for a change of sentence was submitted to the men who had found them guilty and announced the penalty, and the request of the trembling wretches was granted with but few dissenting voices. At this point in the proceedings, the old man was allowed to go aside with Jason Marsh for consultation and confession. When the time granted for this consultation had expired. Marsh announced in a few words that Driscoll had no confession to make, and urged the crowd not to be too hasty in the premises, and tha,t time be allowed the men to prepare for death. A respite of one hour was granted them for that purpose, which was prolonged 366 HISTOEY OF OGLE COUNTY. to fully two hours. Two ministers, who were present, prayed with the con demned men, to one of whom, it is said, William Driscoll confessed that he had murdered no less than six men with his own hand. He prayed for forgiveness and became quite penitent. The old man was determined, and held out to the very end, without uttering even the simple prayer, " God have mercy on my soul." At the expiration of the time granted, a few men began to clamor for a full remission of the sentence ; some few others favored the plan of remanding them to the custody of the law officers, and thus evade the responsibility they had taken upon themselves. In the midst of these clamors and suggestions, Latimer, for the people, made a vehement address, saying that nothing but blood would palliate the crimes that had been com mitted, that as long as the gang of outlaws were permitted to remain on the earth, no community would be safe from their depredations and crimes. The Driscolls, if not the head centres and authors and instigators of the untold robberies and murders that had been committed in the country, were at least accomplices, and had shared in the plunder. He maintained that the people were justified in taking the course they had, that their safety demanded it, that the murder of Campbell must be avenged, and that if the actual murderers could not be found, those who planned the foul deed must suffer in their stead, and concluded by urging the immediate execution of John Driscoll and his son William. Jason Marsh followed, briefiy, in the same line of argument. These arguments had the effect of stilling the clamors of those who were called the " weak-kneed," and to dispel from the minds of the prisoners all hopes of a stay of proceedings. The men were formed in line, numbered, and divided into two death divisions, as nearly equal as the number would permit, fifty-five in one division and fifty-six in the other. One division was detailed to the execu tion of the old man, and the other to the execution of William. The old man was led forth first; his eyes were bandaged, aud he was made to kneel upon the earth. All things in readiness, the signal to fire was given, and the old man fell to the earth, riddled and shattered to pieces with the charges of fifty-six rifles. William's fate came next. In the last hour, abject fear overcame his former boldness, and his hair turned almost white. In a semi-conscious condition he was led forth, and in a few minutes his body was riddled by the discharges from the other fifty-five rifies, and lay bleeding and quiver ing by the side of his father. Pierce Driscoll, who had been released from custody, was told that he would be permitted to take charge of the dead bodies of his father and that teams and help would be provided to convey them home and prepare them for burial, but the offer was declined with the declaration that he would have nothing to do with it. Spades and shovels were procured, and a rude grave was dug on the spot where they had been killed, and, unwashed and uncoffined, ghastly and gory, their bodies were rolled into the one grave together and covered over. Six weeks later, their bodies were taken up by their friends, washed and given a decent burial. Unparalleled excitement followed these proceedings. The volunteer club scoured the country in every direction to find William K. Bridge, Taylor and David Driscoll, and Bridge barely made his escape. When the Eegulators were at his house, he was hidden in an excavation underneath it. When the Eegulators had gone, he left his home and fled to Henry, Mi m 7v» a .-^^ -^ W '^ ^^ft;. ^ OREGON HlSTOEY OF OGLE COUNTY. on the Illinois Eiver, in Marshall County, and took refuge with a member of the gang named Eedden. The officers, by some means, got on his track and traced him to his hiding place, and found him concealed in the garret of Eedden's house, where he was arrested and brought back. He was taken before William J. Mix, a justice of the peace, for examination as being accessory to the murder of John Campbell, but, for want of sufficient evidence, was discharged. Taylor Driscoll was arrested some years later, and brought back to Ogle County, where he was indicted for the murder of John Campbell. A change of venue was granted, and the case was sent to McHenry County. On the first trial, the jury disagreed, and a new one was granted. On the second trial, the court allowed the defendant's counsel a wide latitude in the cross examination of witnesses for the prosecution, especially of Mrs. Campbell, who was a nervous, irritable woman, and they worried her into statements that so injured the case that Driscoll was acquitted. David Driscoll also left the state, and thus avoided arrest. The measures thus inaugurated to free the country from the dominion of outlaws was a last, desperate resort, but it seemed to be the only remedy left to the settlers. Many of those engaged in the execution of John and William Driscoll, father and son, became wealthy and respected, and are now among the most influential citizens of the county. To communities where courts of law are permanently established; where society is well organized, and officers of the law sustained in the execution of laws made for the protection of society and the punishment of crime and criminals, the action of the settlers in organizing themselves as Vigilantes or Eegulators, and the measures they inaugurated to free them selves from the dominion and presence of the law-defying, terror-inspiring and crime-stained combination against whom their work of extermination was directed, may seem harsh and cruel. But it should be remembered that, so numerous had the outlaws become, it was impossible to enforce the laws against them. Some of their members were justices of the peace ; some were constables, and none of the early grand and petit juries were free from their presence. The first sheriff of the county was a sympathizer with, if not an actual member ofthe clan. Under such circumstances the honest settlers were completely at the mercy, and within their power, so far as the execution of the law against them was concerned. So bold, indeed, did they become, that Judge Ford (subsequently governor of the state), pre vious to the organization of the settlers as Vigilantes, felt constrained to admonish them from the bench. The occasion when this language was used was on the trial of Norton B. Eoyce, for counterfeiting, at the March term of the circuit court, 1841. After sentence had been pronounced against Eoyce, Judge Ford said : " I am going away on business, and will be obhged to leave my family behind me. If the desperadoes dare to injure them while I am gone, I will come back, call my neighbors together, and follow them until I have overtaken them, when the first tree shall be their gallows; and if the injury is done while I am on the bench trying a case, I will leave the bench and follow them up until they are exterminated." _ Such language as this from a judge on the bench assured the honest peo- Ele in their earnest purpose of extermination. There were some people then, owever, as there have been some writers since, that sought to array the public sentiment of the country and of the courts against the subsequent action of the Eegulators in their arrest, trial, conviction, sentence and execu- 370 HISTOEY OF OGLE COUNTY. tion of the Driscolls, and to cast upon them the odium of outlaws and murderers; but the courts, to which the Eegulators, to the number of one hundred and twelve men, submitted their action, under indictment, and before which they were fairly and impartially tried, acquitted them. Pros perity and thrift have attended them ever since; they have the respect and confidence of all classes of society, at home and abroad ; their honesty and obedience to law are unquestioned and undoubted, so that whatever the efforts of the sympathizers with the Driscolls as to their sudden and dis graceful taking off, and with their two victims of the lash. Hurl and Dag gett, the Eegulators are fully and proudly vindicated. The killing of the Driscolls was not the end. It was only the begin ning of the work of extermination, although it was the first and last instance where such desperate measures were considered necessary to accomplish their purpose. Among those who took exceptions to the work of the Eegulators, was Mr. P. Knappen, editor of the Rockford Star. In an editorial article under date of July 1, 1841, Mr. Knappen said: "A short time since we received through the post office a copy of the proceedings of the Ogle County Lynchers, up to the latest date, embracing the following resolution: " Resolved, That the proceedings of the Volunteer Company be puhlished in the Rockford newspapers once a month. " Now, be it known to all the world that we have solemnly resolved that the proceedings of the Ogle County, or any county volunteer lynch company can not be justified or encouraged in our columns. The view we take of the subject does not permit us to approve the measures and conduct of the said company. If two or three hundred citizens are to assume the administration of lynch law in the face and eyes of the laws of the land, we shall soon have a fearful state of things, and where, we ask, will it end if mob law is to supersede the civil law? If it is tolerated, no man's life or property is safe; his neighbor, who may be more popular than himself, will possess an easy, ready way to be revenged by misrepresentation and false accusation ; in short, of what avail are our legislative bodies and their enact ments? We live in a land of laws, and to them it becomes us to resort ahd submit for the punishment and redress as faithful keepers of the laws, and thus extend to each other the protection and advantages of the law, and repulse every attempt to deprive a fellow citizen of the precious privilege granted in all civilized countries — namely, the ri^t to be tried by an impartial jury of twelve good men of his county. But, perhaps, it will be argued by some, that we have in this new country no means or proper places for securing offenders and breakers of the laws, to which we answer, then build them. The time already spent by three or four hundred men in this and Ogle Counties, at three or four different times, and from two to four days at a time, this season, would have built jails so strong that no man, or dozen men on earth, deprived of implements with which to work, and con fined in them, could ever escape, and guard them sufficiently strong by armed men outside, to prevent assistance from rescuing them from the arm of the law. Would not this course be much more patriotic and creditable to the citizens of a civilized and christianized country, than to resort to the administration of mob law by Judge Lynch? Not on us, gentlemen, but on your own heads be the responsibility; we wash our hands clear from the blood of L/ynch law," HISTOEY OF OGLE COUNTY. 371 In the same number of the Star, from which the above is quoted, there appeared two communications — one signed Vox Populi, taking strong grounds against the action of the Eegulators, pronouncing them a '•'¦Ba/n- ditti," etc! This writer says : " Banditti like, after organization, these fiends in human shape, commenced traversing the country for plunder — not, per haps, valuable goods, but the libeett and lives of their fellow citizens ! Every one who happened to fall under the suspicion of one or more of this gang was at once brought before their self-constituted tribunal, where there was no difficulty in procuring testimony for convicting him of any crime named, when he was sentenced, and men appointed to infiict the adjudged punishment, which, in the embryo existence of the ' Clan,' generally con sisted in giving the culprit from twenty to three hundred lashes well laid on. * * * No one pretends that John and William Driscoll had committed murder, nor can they say that they merited the punishment they received, even had they been found guilty by an impartial jury of their country of the crime alleged by the mob. No ; had unimpeachable testi mony been brought to prove them guilty of that for which circumstantial evidence was horribly distorted to convict them, the penalty would have been but three to five years imprisonment in the penitentiary." * * * , And has it come to this, that in a land of civilization and Christianity, blessed with as wholesome a code of laws as man's ingenuity ever invented, a few desperadoes shall rise up and infiict all manner of punishment, even DEATH, upon whomsoever they please ? Shall all Civil Law be sacrificed and trampled in the dust at the shrine of Mobocracy ? Shall the life and prop erty of no one receive any protection from the civil law, but both be subject to the nod of an inconsiderate and uncontrollable mob ? Shall these thvngs le so ? ' Or will the people rise en masse, and assert the laws of the land, and enforce the same against the murderers and lynchers? The latter course is certainly pointed out by Justice, and I trust in God that justice will be meted out to all who have had a hand in this bloody business." The second communication to which reference is made above, was signed "B," bore date July 1, 1841, and sustained the action of the Eegu lators. It was generally credited to Mr. Latimer, the attorney, who made such a violent address on the occasion of the killing of the Driscolls. He subsequently removed to Lancaster, Grant County, Wisconsin, where he was killed in a street fight with a gambler. The Star editorial already quoted, and the communication of Vox Populi, only maddened the Eegulators the more, and a few nights after the paper containing these articles was issued, the office was entered by unknown Sarties and the type in forms and cases " pied " — that is, turned out on the oor promiscuously, and the entire office reduced to a pile of ruins. Knap- pen's hopes were blasted, and he shortly sold the wreck to John A. Brown, who rescued the material from confusion, and the publication of a paper called the Pilot was commenced. Murders, and robberies and kindred crimes, did not stop with the kill ing of the Driscolls and the sacking of the Sta^ office. Outrages continued, and the people came to live in almost uninterrupted fear and alarm. With out^ entering into a detailed specification of the repeated outrages, rob beries, etc., we will enumerate a few of the boldest in the order of their occurrence: On the nidit of the 18th of September, 1843, the store of William McKinney, in Eockford, was entered ^nd plundered of a trunk containing 372 HISTOEY OF OGLE COUNTY. between $700 and $800. A brother of McKinney was sleeping in the store. He was awakened by the noise made by the midnight prowlers, and attempting to oppose the robber, who called him by name, he was awed into silence and non-resistance by a knife that was placed against his breast, the thief remarking that he "must have the trunk containing the money, as he could not afford to run such risks for nothing." He got the trunk and escaped, and eluded capture. Scarcely had the excitement created by this bold robbery died away, when the community was again startled by the perpetration of a bolder one still. This robbery was committed on one of Frink, Walker & Co.'s four- horse mail coaches, about four miles out from Eockford towards Chicago, while, as it is stated, the coach was actually in motion and full of passen gers, but was not discovered until the coach arrived at Newburgh. The following morning the trunks and baggage were found a few rods from the road, broken open and rifled of all their valuables. A newspaper published at Eockford at the time, in speaking of this robbery, said : " What renders these transactions still more exciting, is the fact that they are committed by those who are perfect scholars in the business movements of the town." No immediate clue to this last bold robbery was obtained. This stage robbery was followed a few weeks later by another one fully as daring. In this instance, the house of William Mulford, in Guilford Township, was entered in the night time, and while a party of the gang stood guard over Mr. and Mrs. Mulford, who had gone to bed, the others ransacked the house, and found about $400, which they carried away. It had been rumored that Mulford had received some $15,000 from New York a short time before, and this rumor had reached the ears of the gang. But luckily, if such sum had been received, it was so carefully secreted as to be beyond discovery by the robbers. The alarm was given next morning, and although the country was hunted over for miles, no track of the desperadoes could be found, and in a short time this robbery was almost forgotten in the series of depredations that followed — all so perfectly planned and car ried out, that detection and discovery seemed impossible. But argus-eyed Nemesis was on their track. The killing of the Driscolls was one step towards freeing the country from desperadoes. But many other steps were necessary before the work would be fully completed. In the early part of the Summer of 1845, Charles West, of the firm of " Bliss, Dewey, West & Co.," of whom mention has here tofore been made, became offended at the gang. Taking advantage of this circumstance, certain respectable people in the immediate neighborhood of the Bliss and Dewey rendezvous, succeeded in prevailing upon ' West to reveal the names of the gang, and a number of them were soon afterwards arrested. Among some of the most prominent and active members of the gang were Charles Oliver, Jr., and Wm. McDowell, of Eockford; Sutton, alias Fox, Birch, the " boss " thief of the gang, and who was known from one end of the Mississippi and Missouri Elvers to the other by the several aliases of Harris, Haynes and Brown ; Bridge, Davis, Thomas Aiken, and Baker. Besides, there were a number of others whose names are forgotten. Among other revelations made by West, was the plan, as well as the names of the parties, who robbed McKinney's store in Eockford. To complete the history of the chain of circumstances that led to the arrest, trial, conviction and sentence of a number of the gang, it is neces sary to refer to tbe following circumstance, an important, one in this connection : HISTOEY OF OGLE COUNTY. 373 A member of the gang, whose name has been forgotten, had fallen under suspicion of his confederates as not being of the " right stripe," and, to relieve the organization of his membership, some of the fraternity in Bureau County, the home of the suspected member, preferred a charge of horse stealing against him, and secured his arrest and imprisonment in the jail at Princeton. During his incarceration, he revealed sundry and divers secrets of the gang to the sheriff of Bureau County. Among these secrets was a full account of the Mulford robbery, and the names of the parties engaged in its perpetration, which had been reported to him by another member of the confederacy, named Irving A. Stearns. Shortly after that affair Stearns went up into Michigan, where he soon got himself into the penitentiary for horse-stealing. These revelations were communicated to the Winnebago authorities, and they made arrangements to secure the presence of the informer before the grand jury of that county for the Spring terra, 1845, of the circuit court. For this purpose, a night session of the grand jury was held, and, upon the evidence of this man, indictments were found against Charles Oliver and William McDowell, of Winnebago County, and William K. Bridge, of Ogle County, for committing the Mul ford rohbery. The same night arrangements were made for the arrest of Ohver and McDowell. At that particular time, the sheriff of Winnebago County was absent from home. There was no deputy, and the coroner, next in authority to the sheriff, was the father-in-law of McDowell, which fact rendered him an unsafe person to be entrusted with the arrest of Oliver and McDowell. Under the law, in those days, two justices of the peace could appoint an officer to act in cases of emergency, where there was no sheriff, or in the absence of that officer. Acting under this law, Chauncy Burton and Willard Wheeler, justices of the peace, were called up out of bed, and Mr. Goodyear A. Sanford, the last preceding sheriff, was appointed to make the arrest. By this time the night was well-nigh gone, and as the affair had been kept perfectly quiet, their arrest was deferred till the next day, when Mr. Sanford took them into custody without difficulty. Soon after. Bridge was also arrested at his home in Ogle County, and taken up to Rockford. The news of these important arrests, and of the finding of the indictments under which they were made, rekindled the old embers of excitement, and it was determined that no bail ought to be offered or accepted for the release of these parties, but that they should be held in close custody until they could be tried in the circuit court. The murder of Col. Davenport, a month later, July 4, 1 845, added fresh fury to the indig nation of the people, and it is a matter of wonder that the same fate was not visited upon them, that had been meted out to the Driscolls. From the time of the Mulford robbery Jason Marsh, of Eockford, had been actively and industriously engaged in working up the case, and attempting to ferret out the robbers. Taking his cue from the sworn evi dence upon which the indictments against Oliver, McDowell and Bridge were founded, coupled with the statements previously made by Charles West, of "Bliss, Dewey, West & Co.," he visited, the Michigan penitentiary, where he found the man Stearns, who corroborated all, and more than all, stated by West, and sworn to by his old confederate in crime. Marsh made arrangements to secure the pardon of Stearns, in order to use him as as a witness against Oliver, McDowell and Bridge, and then returned to Rockford to complete preparations for the trial. The trial of this case commenced August 26, 1845, before Judge 374 HISTOEY OF OGLE COUNTY. Thomas C. Browne, presiding, and excited an interest and an attendance that was never equalled in the history of the Eock Eiver country. Even the trial of Alfred Countryman, in February, 1857, for the murder, by shooting, of Sheriff John Taylor, of Winnebago County, on the 11th day of November, 1856, failed to attract the attention or to create the excite ment consequent upon the trial of Charles Oliver, probably^ for the reason of the large number of crimes that had been committed and the belief that the prisoner was a ruling spirit, if not the "head centre," of the notorious confederacy of thieves that infested the country. From the time of his arrest, Oliver assumed and maintained an air of boldness and manifest indifference. He assured his friends of his ability to establish his innocence of the charges preferred in the indictment. As the time for the trial came on, Mr. Marsh had gone back to Michigan, completed arrangements for the pardon of Stearns, and returned with him to Eockford, where he was kept in close concealment until the court was ready to receive his testimony, his presence in Eockford, and the means taken to secure his presence there, being entirely unknown and unsuspected by both Oliver and McDowell. The Mulford robbery had been so carefully planned and secretly managed that Oliver felt sure of acquittal. The only witness whom he had occasion to fear was Stearns, whom he supposed to be in the Michigan prison, little suspecting that the sworn testimony of one of his former subordinates and slaves was at hand to convict and sen tence him to an imprisonment from which the latter had just been par doned. When the court was ready to receive the testimony of Stearns, that witness was smuggled in to the court room in the midst of a number of other men, and so seated as to be concealed from the prisoner when he was brought in, which followed soon after. Oliver came in chatting and laugh ing with his attendants as if he were only an ordinary spectator, instead of a prisoner on trial for high crimes and misdemeanors. When court was opened and the names of witnesses for the prosecution were called, the name of " Irving A. Stearns " fell with startling distinctness upon the ears of the hitherto defiant Oliver. His face turned deathly pale, and he sat trembhng and crestfallen by the side of his counsel. Courage and hope fled together. Stearns testified that the secrets of the Mulford robbery had been im parted to him by Oliver, and that Oliver had offered him some of the stolen money in exchange for a horse, telling him at the same time where and Aw the money was obtained. His evidence was direct and unequivocal, and a rigid cross-examination failed to weaken it in any degree. West, who was also present as a witness for the people, testified that Oliver planned the robbery, and that, although he (Oliver) was not present when the robbery was committed, he admitted to witness that he received a share of the stolen money. As in the evidence of Stearns, a sharp cross- examination failed to bring out any contradictory statements, and Ohver was found guilty and sentenced to the penitentiary at Alton for a term of eight years. At the end of five years he was pardoned out, and rejoined bs wife and family in New York. A few years later he visited Eockford and mingled quite freely with the people among whom he had once been so popular, and to some of whom he explained why the gang had not robbed more of them. To Goodyear A. Sanford he said : " The boys often wanted to go for you (as county treasurer), but I wouldn't let them, because you was such a clever fellow." HISTOEY OF OGLE COUNTY. 375 McDowell was convicted a little later in the course of time, and was also sentenced for eight years, but, like his old leader in crime, was pardoned at the end of five years and went to work as a carpenter at Alton, where he so conducted himself as to win the respect of the people, and where he was still living at last accounts. Bridge took a change of venue to Ogle County, pleaded guilty, and where he was sentenced to the penitentiary. After his release, he went to Iowa, where, reports say, he fell into his old vices, and was finally killed. Three of the Aikens boys, Charles, Eichard and Thomas, who were named in the course of this chapter, went " to the bad," but escaped the penitentiary. Charles died at his home at Washington Grove in 1841, from (as it was reported from two sources) the effects of a terrible whipping administered by the people of Fort Madison, Iowa, against whom he had offended. The rumor came from there that, after he was whipped he was tied to a log of wood and thrown into the Mississippi Eiver. How he escaped from drowning was never known, but he managed to reach home more dead than alive, lingered there a few days, suffering the most agoniz ing tortures of mind and body, and then went down to a disgraceful and dishonorable grave. It .was said by some of those who were present to offer the last humane duty of preparing his remains for burial, that his body was literally cut into gashes from his shoulders to his heels. Richard Aikens died the same year from sickness contracted from exposure while hiding by day and by night from the regulators and law oflScers. After the killing of the Driscolls, Thomas Aikens, who had become fully identified with the prairie pirates, was not seen much in the country. His movements were governed by the gang with whom he had cast his fortunes. In 1843 Aikens, Burch, Fox and one or two others, stole some horses in Warren County and fied northward. The people of Warren County got on their track and followed their trail to the home of Aikens at Lafayette Grove, where the thieves had stopped for rest and refreshments, and where they were captured. They were taken back to Warren County, where they were arraigned before a justice of the peace on the charge of steahng horses, and were held to answer. In the absence of bail they were committed to jail, but managed to escape in a short time and left the eountry. Eumor says that Thomas Aikens went out on the frontier and located far up on the Missouri Eiver, where he settled down to industrious pursuits, becoming the owner of a good farm, and to all appearances was leading an honest life. These last statements, however, regarding his where abouts and his pursuits, are founded altogether upon rumor, as no direct and positive knowledge of him was ever had after his escape from the Warren County jail. The father, Samuel Aikens, died at Washington ^Grove in 1847. No charge of dishonesty was ever laid at the old man's door, but the unlawful and disgraceful lives into which his three eldest sons were drawn, brought a tamt upon the family name, and to a certain extent they were proscribed m society. His youngest son, Samuel, died of consumption about 1854. In the Fall of 1839 the Brodie family removed to Linn County, Iowa, where most of them continued to reside at last direct accounts. Adolphus Bliss, Corydon Dewey and another man named Sawyer (the ast named not mentioned before), were all sentenced from the Lee Circuit l^ourt, about 1845 or 1846, to the penitentiary for the robbery of an old 376 HISTOEY OF OGLE COUNTY. man of the Inlet Grove neighborhood, by the name of Haskel. Their terms of sentence ranged from three to five years. Bliss died in the penitentiary. Dewey outlived his term, aud returned to his home and settled down on his old farm. Sawyer also served out his time, and hke wise returned, home, re-engaged in farming, and is supposed to be still living in that neighborhood. Pierce Driscoll, who was arrested but acquitted the same day his father and brother were killed, subsequently removed to Cook County, Illinois, where he is said to have settled down to an honest, industrious life acquiring a very handsome competency. The remainder of the family scattered to different parts of the country — some to California, some to Minnesota, and some to unknown localities. Three of the pirates — John Long, Aaron Long and Granville Young— who engaged in the murder of Colonel Davenport, at Eock Island, July 4, 1845, were hunted down, arrested, brought back, tried, found guilty and sentenced to be hanged. The execution of the sentence was carried out at Eock Island on the 19th day of October, 1845, which completed the work of extermination commenced by the Ogle County Eegulators on Tuesday, the 29th day of June, A. D. 1841. Martin Campbell, the heroic boy, only thirteen years of age when he attempted to fire upon his father's murderers, grew to be a good and useful man, and still remains in White Eock Township, within sight of the place of his father's murder, a successful farmer and a happy husband and father. INDICTMENT, TEIAL AND ACQUITTAL OF THE EEGULATOES FOE THE MUEDEE OF THE DEISCOLLS. At the September term of the circuit court, 1841, an indictment was found against Jonathan W. Jenkins and one hundred and eleven others, charging them with the murder of John Driscoll and William Driscoll, on the 29th day of June, 1841. The case was entitled " The People v. Jona than W. Jenkins, Seth H. King, George D. Johnson, Commodore P. Bridge, Moses Nettleton, James Clark, Lyman Morgan, William Keys, Wilson Daily, John H. Stevenson, Zebulon Burroughs, Andrew H. Hart, John V. Gale, George W. Phelps, Benjamin T. Phelps, John Phelps, James C. Phelps, William Wooley, Wilham Knight, Moses T. Crowell, Jacob B. Crist, Edwin S. Leland, John S. Lord, Caleb Williamson, Caleb S. Marshall, Philip Spraker, Eichard Chaney, Simeon S. Crowell, James W. Johnson, Alanson Morgan, Augustus Austin, John Austin, Thomas Stinson, Charles Fletcher, Aaron Payne, Spowk Wellington, Jeremiah Payne, James Scott, Mason Taylor, Harvey Jewett, John Oyster, Phineas Chaney, Eichard Hayes, Obed Lindsay, Amos Eice, Erastus Eice, Sumner Brown, Jr., James D. Sandford, Jacob Wickizer, George Young, Thomas O. Young, Osburn Chaney, Eolf Chaney, Annas Lucas, Peter Smith, Henry Hill, David D. Edington, Andrew Keith, John B. Long, Orrin B. Smith, David Shumway, Horace Miller, John F. Smith, Charles Latimer, Jason Marsh, Perley S. Shumway, Alfred M. Jarboe, Francis Emerson, Thomas Emerson, Abel Smith, Eliphalet Allen, James Baker, Jarvis C. Baker, Joseph Jewell, Jefferson Jewell, Charles Abbott, Sidney M. Layton. M. Perry Kerr, James Harpham, John Coffman, Anthony Pitzer, Jonas Shoffstalt, Jacob M. Myers, Samuel Mitchell, John Harmon, John Cooley, William Dewey, William Wallace, Eobert Davis, James Stewart, David Wagner, Aaron Billig, Joseph M. Eeynolds, John Kerr, James Hatch, Alhanon W. Einker, OREGON HISTOEY OF OGLE COUNTY. 379 David Potter, Martin Ehodeamon, Ealsamon Thomas, Benjamin Worden, John McAfister, John Beedle, Ephraham Vaughn, Justus Merrifield, Elias Vaughn, John Adams, Israel Eobertson and George W. Kinney. Indict ment for murder. The case was called for trial at the same terra of court, J udge Ford presiding, at which the indictment was found. Seth B. Farwell appeared for the people, and Messrs. Peters, Dodge, Champlin and Caton for the defendants. Th&jury before whom they were tried was composed of S. S. Beatty, S. M. Hitt, James C. Hagan, Elias Baker, William Carpenter, John Shoffstalt, James B. McCoy, George Swingley, Eichard McLean, William Renner, Justin Hitchcock and Hiram Weldon — S. M. Hitt, foreman. When arraigned for trial the defendants pleaded not guilty, and the trial proceeded. The most of the time occupied in the disposition of the case was consumed in calling the names of the defendants. Several witnesses were called on the part of the prosecution, but no direct evidence was adduced, and after a brief address by Prosecutor Farwell, for the people, and John D. Caton, on behalf of the defendants, the case went to the jury, and without leaving their seats the jury returned a verdict of " not guilty." The grand jury that found the indictment under which " Jonathan W. Jenkins and one hundred and eleven others " were tried for the murder of John and William Driscoll, was made up of the following named citizens: Anthony Petzer, John Price, Moses T. Crowell, Jacob Meyers, John Fridley, John Carpenter, Samuel Patrick, Phelan Parker, Andrew H. Holt, C. S. Marshall, George Taylor, Samuel C. Cotton, Leonard Andrews, Rodolphus Brown, Eobert Wilson, Philip Spracker, James V. Gale and C. Burr Artz. James V. Gale was the foreman. As will be seen by a comparison of the names of these jurymen with the names of the defendants, some of their own number were indicted for complicity in that tragedy. The jury met in a small building then belonging to an attorney named John Cheney, and was afterwards occu pied by him as a dwelling. The building still stands on the old site, but has fallen into dilapidation and decay. When Cheney removed west he sold the property, and it now belongs to the H. A. Mix estate. When the case was presented for consideration, together with a list of the names of those charged with being engaged in the affair, the name at the top of the list was first called. If it happened to be the name of a juryman, the juryman was excused, for the time being, and asked to retire. When he had gone from the room, the allegement was duly examined and disposed of, and the juryman recalled. The next name was then called, and the same mode of procedure observed, until the entire list was completed, , and which resulted in the indictment of one hundred and twelve men for the murder of the Driscolls — the largest number of men ever indicted under one charge at one session of a grand jury known to judicial history. BUENING OF THE COURT HOUSE. Sunday night, March 21, 1841, the first court house commenced in Oglfe County, which was nearing completion — in fact, was so far completed as to be in a condition to be used for the sitting of that term of the court, which was to commence on Monday, March 22 — was burned to the ground. Several indictments were pending for trial, and six of the indicted parties were in jail awaiting the sitting of the court. All day Sunday the town was full of men known to belong to the Prairie Pirates, evidently watching 380 r HISTOEY OF OGLE COUNTf. the movements of the court officers — the clerk, the sheriff, etc. Mr.. B. T. Phelps, at that time Clerk of the Circuit Court, kept the books and papers of the office at his residence. On Sunday evening he loaded the records on a wheelbarrow, and started to remove them to the court house' to have them in readiness when court was called the next morning. When part-of the way from his house, he was met by Mr. E. E. Dodge, a lawyer of Ottawa, who could not find accommodations at the hotel because of its crowded condition, and who was on his way to Phelps' residence to claim his hospitality for the night. Luckily, Mr. Phelps did not come on to the court house with the records, but turned back with Mr. Dodge, taking the papers back with him and storing them away in his house. About midnight the alarm of fire was raised, and the citizens fotmd their new court house in flames that were so far under headway that it was impossible to stay their progress, and it was burned to the ground. Hugh Eay, who lives two miles distant from Oregon City, had beea employed on the court house when it was in course of erection, and com menced to sleep in the building as soon as it was far enough advanced to afford sufficient protection from the elements without. He was not awakened until the flames were well started, and barely escaped with his life, his clothing, tools, etc., being left as sacrifices to the devouring element and the vengeance of the Prairie Pirates. When the citizens reached the burning building they found the pris oners already up, dressed and apparently watching and waiting for their " hour of delivery." But it came not. The flames did not reach the jail, although it stood but a few rods from the burning court house. It was the belief of the citizens at the time, and the belief was afterwards verified by the confessions or admissions of some members of the gang, that the build ing was fired by the buccaneers under the opinion that the court records had been deposited there by Phelps on Sunday evening, as he had started to do, and that it was their purpose to destroy the indictments against their con-, federates, and, iu the excitement and confusion consequent upon the fire, also secure the release of their imprisoned co-workers in iniquity, hut their purpose was abandoned. * The sitting of the court was not deferred, but was held in a building belonging to William Sanderson that then stood on the site now occupied by the Catholic Church. The building was subsequently removed and was afterwards used by Christian Layman, and was known as the "red wagon shop " until it was made to give way before the march of improvements. THE BEIDGE. There is but one bridge, aside from railroad bridges, across Eock River in the County of Ogle. That is at Oregon, where now stands the third that has been erected at that point, and not many years will elapse before the fourth one will be necessary. By an act of the General Assembly approved February 17, 1851; " James H. Hanchete and his associates, their heirs and assigns were author ized to build a bridge across Eock Eiver at any point on the plat of Oregon that he may select." Section two, however, authorized the said Hanchete and his associates to construct said bridge below or on the dam " now con structed across said river at said Town of Oregon; provided, if they should construct the same on said dam, they shall procure the right so to do from HISTOEY OF OGLE COUNTY. 381 the proprietors thereof." They were authorized to place a toll-gate at either end of the bridge and demand the same rates of toll as wore then allowed for passing the ferry, and permitted to double these rates for all i persons passing over said bridge after nine o'clock in the evening and before four o'clock in the morning. It was provided that the navigation of Eock Eiver should not " be in any wise obstructed or delayed by the said bridge," and the County Court was vested with power to determine whether the erection of said bridge will have the effect of impeding- the free navigation of Rock Eiver, and with power " to prescribe such regulations as they may deem proper to prevent such obstruction." At a session of the board of supervisors held on Wednesday, January 28, 1853, the following preamble and resolution was introduced, viz.: Whereas, It is proposed hy James H. Hanchett (spelled Hanchete in the law above quoted) to erect a bridge across Bock River in the Town of Oregon, in the County of Ogle ; and, whereas, the people of said county are greatly interested in the success of said under taking by the said Hanchett; therefore, be it f Resolved, That on the completion of said bridge by the said James H. Hanchett at the Town of Oregon in said County of Ogle, an order shall be drawn on the treasurer of said county for tlie sum of flfteen hundred dollars in favor of the said Hanchett ; provided, however, and it is hereby expressly declared that the order aforesaid for the sum aforesaid shall not be issued to the said James H. Hanchett until he shall have executed to said ' county a good and sufficient right of way across said bridge for all the officers of said county while employed on the business of the county, to continue for aud during the term , of twenty years from the date hereof, which said grant shall include a right of way across . said bridge for all grand and petit jurors and all witnesses attending criminal trials. '^ The resolution was amended by striking out the words " fifteen hundred " and inserting the words " one thousand," so that it appropriated the sum of i' one thtmsand dollars, and as amended the resolution was adopted , C. E. Hoadly, i Annas Lucas, Sterling Blackman, Hiram Sanford, Hiram D. Wood, Joseph i'WiUiams, Jeriel Eobinson, N. W. Wadsworth, A. 0. Campbell, Elias ^Thomas, B. T. Hedrick — 11 — voting in the affirmative ; and S. C. Cotton, o-Spooner Euggles, John Garman, A. G. Spalding, Austin Lines and J. A. r.i'Ettinger — 6 — voting in the negative. i There was strong opposition to this measure. It was urged that the board of supervisors had no legal authority to appropriate public money to laid in building a toll-bridge, and to test the question, a bill in chancery, ^Salmon C. Cotton, et al., vs. James H. Hanchett, et als., was filed in the -Circuit Court of Ogle County, Wilkinson, J., at the March term, 1852, and upon agreement of parties a pro forma decree was entered. The case went ito the supreme court, where the decision of the circuit court was reversed md the cause remanded. Judge Trumbull held : The act to provide for township organizations does not give the board of supervisors mthorily to appropriate the county funds in aid of the construction of toll-bridges or to aid :> private individual in the construction of a free bridge ; nor does the securing to the , !ounty a right of way for county ofBcers, grand and petit jurors and witnesses in criminal »5ases, alter the powers of the supervisors. !ji The law fixes the compensation and defines the privileges and immunities of county ifflCers, and they have no right, by the use of county funds, to secure to themselves or to iny other particular class of individuals, immunities not granted by the statutes. A bill "-, 0 eijjoin the board of supervisors from misapplying the money of the county is the proper fmedy.— 13 III. Rep., pp. 615. ';' The bridge was built in 1852, on piles instead of piers, but was swept %thy ice in February, 1857. 'V On Tuesday, April 6, 1858, at the annual town meeting, the commis- "loners of highways reported that the building of a bridge across Eock 382 HISTOEY OE OGLE COtJNtf. Eiver at Oregon was an " improvement " very necessary to be made, and estimated the expense of building it, beyond the sums that would be raised from other sources, at ten thousand dollars. Whereupon the town ordered the levy of a tax of six thousand dollars that year for that purpose. At a special session of the County Board of Supervisors, May 20, 1858 Supervisor James V. Gale offered the following : Resolved, That we appropriate the sum of eight thousand, three hundred and thirty. three dollars to aid in the construction of a free bridge across Rock River, at Oregon, in this county; provided, said bridge shall be of a substantial and durable character, and to be built with stone piers, and to cost at least the sum of twenty-five thousand dollars, the residue of the cost of the same to be raised by said Town of Oregon, by subscription and otherwise. Said sum not to be paid by the county until said bridge shall be completed and accepted by the commissioners of highways of said town, and by a committee to be appointed by the board. This was tabled,jbut was taken up and passed by yeas and nays, on the 21st, as follows : Yeas — James V. Gale, Philo B. Wood, Hiram J. Motter, Isaac Trask, William Artz, James Wells, Solon Cumins, A. S. Shottenkirk, J. Eood, J. Cook, Washington Paddock and Joshua White — 12. Nays — Gould G. Norton, Anson Barnum, Elias Thomas, M. Blair, Edwin Eice, J. A. Ettinger, W. Donaldson, Daniel Sprecker and L. N. Barber — 9. May 22, the board appointed Supervisors Barber, Sprecker, Cook, Eood and Trask a committee to examine and accept, when completed, the bridge to be built over Eock Eiver (very near the site of the present bridge). A contract was made with Mr. D. C. Pierce,^H. A. Mix surety, for the erection of the bridge for the sum of $24,915. In addition to the tax assessed by the Town of Oregon, and the appropriation of |8,333 by the county board, the people of the county subscribed in various sums, to be paid in cash, $10,666.83; to be paid in cash when the bridge should be completed, $1,175.50 ; payable in labor, materials, etc., $1,639; payable in cash at different dates, $195; other subscriptions, making the total amount subscribed in the form of notes, $14,176.33. Of the first class there were 524 subscribers; second class, 120; third class, 38. The names of those who subscribed $50 and upwards were : Theodore Austin, Alanson Bishop, William W. Bennett, E. C. Burchell, Perry Barker, Clark & Dana, John Carpenter, Phineas Chaney, E. F. Dutcher, William S. Davis, John Eyster, John Etnyre, Daniel Etnyre, Elias Etnyre ($200), C. F. EmersoB:, Horace Grant, James V. Gale, John V. Gale, G. W. Hill ($200), S. M. Hitt ($300), L. Hemenway, P. Jacobs, Margaret Johnston, E. B. Light, C. S. Marshall, William Moore, Charles P. Potter, E. S. Potter $400), F. 6. Petrie, Sylvester Potter, John H. Eutledge, Andrew Schechter, Stewart h Wheeler ($200), E. J. Sexton, J. M. Snowden, Thomas Stinson, Adam Schryver ($150), W. C. Stoddard, M. W. Smith, Joseph Sears, Isaac Trask, Joshua Thomas, I. S. Woolley ($125), John Acker, S. S. Crowell, C. W. Murtfeldt, E. M. Light, H. A. Mix ($1,000). Soon after executing the contract, Mr. Pierce, the contractor, died, and the work was commenced and completed by H. A. Mix, who was the real principal in the contract. The work was commenced in 1858, but was not completed until 1859. September 10, 1858, the subscription notes, amount ing to $14,176.33, were paid over to Mr. Mix, and June 3, 1859, he was paid the amount received on tax of 1858, $4,820.44 ; from the county treasurer, $563.58. J HISTOEY OF OGLE COUNTY. 383 December 1, 1859, Mr. Barber having died, and other members of the examining committee appointed in May, 1858, having gone out of office, the board of supervisors resolved itself into a committee of the whole to inspect the new bridge. The committee made report on the same day, and the hoard, by vote, accepted the structure, and ordered the issue of orders on the county treasurer for the sum appropriated, viz.: $8,333. This bridge remained until 1867, about eight years, when it fell.. At a special session of the county board of supervisors, January 15, 1867, the report of the committee appointed at the session in September, 1866, to consult with the commissioners of highways of the Town of Oregon and co-operate with them in efforts to ascertain the best and most economi cal plan for building a bridge across Eock Eiver, at Oregon, reported as follows : To the EonoraUe Boa/rd of Supervisors of Ogle County : The undersigned, your committee appointed to co-operate with the highway commis sioners of Oregon, to ascertain the best and most economical plan for building a super structure to the Bridge across Rock River at said town, report that in company with said commissioners they have thoroughly investigated the subject — that they went to Elgin, in Kane County, and examined the iron bridge across Fox River, built by Messrs. Truesdail. That your committee were much pleased with the construction of said bridge, and they are firmly of the opinion that, in consideration of the durability ,,of an iron superstructure, it will be economy to build a superstructure of iron on the piers across Rock River, at Oregon, and they hereby recommend that six additional piers be erected in the river at that place, and that an iron superstructure be constructed upon the old and said new piers in Rock River, at said Town of Oregon. Signed, JOH^ARPENTEB, | bounty Com. James V. Gale, Tovm Com. I did not visit said bridge, but having examined the model and heard the report of Messrs Andrus, May and Gale, do approve of the same. John Cabpbutbb. Mr. Thompson introduced a resolution appropriating $38,000 for the construction of an iron bridge across Eock Eiver at Oregon, on condition that the Town of Oregon should build the additional piers, defray all other expenses, and keep the bridge in repair. This resolution elicited consider able discussion, various amendments were offered and rejected, and at last it was laid on the table for thirty minutes that the plan and specifications of Mr. Spafford, of Dixon, and a gentleman from Vermont, for building a wooden bridge, might be examined. On motion of Mr. Gale, Messrs. Gale, Field, Burns, Davis and Dresser were appointed a committee to examine Spafford's plan, and the tabled resolution was referred to the same committee. This committee reported, recommending that a "good, substantial wood-covered bridge be' erected on the present piers, and that the sum of |15,000 be appropriated to aid in the construction of the same, provided, that the Town of Oregon pay the sum of $5,000 for said purpose." The report was accepted, and it was so ordered. It was also ordered that the bridge should be built under the supervision of a joint committee appointed by the board and by the commissioners of highways of the Town of Oregon. Messrs. Joshua White, Leonard Andrus, John Carpenter and II- M. Pearson were appointed on the part of the county. The vote passing these orders was by yeas and nays. Those voting in the affirmative were : Messrs. Norton, Taylor, Mack, Dresser, Field, Hedrick, Carpenter, Gale, Baker, Eshback, Thompson, Davis, Martin and White — 14. Those voting 384 HISTOEY OE OGLE COUNTY. in the negative were : Messrs. Sanborn, Barber, Parker, Tice, Miller, Bums Eice aud Hoadley — 8. At the annual meeting of the Town of Oregon, April 2, 1867, the supervisor was authorized to borrow five thousand dollars " to defray the amount the town is to raise for the new bridge." Previous to this, however, the committee of the board of supervisors and the commissioners of highways, of the Town of Oregon, held a meet ing in the county clerk's office on the 26th day of February, 1867, for the purpose of adopting a plan for the bridge, receiving proposals and letting the contract for the construction thereof The bridge was to be a new superstructure of the Howe truss pattern, erected on the piers of the old bridge. Proposals were received from S. M. Town, Elias Etnyre and Messrs. Cauda & Hinckley. The contract was awarded to Cauda & Hinck ley, of Chicago, for $20,000 and the old bridge. The old bridge, although considered unsafe, was still in use. But on the 8th of May the National Guard announced that " Our bridge, which for some time past has been in rather a precarious condition, underwent a thorough repairing last week, and is now considered entirely safe. It did not remain so long, however, for on the 5th of June, says the Gua/rd, " the two western spans settled into the river ker souse. The Franklin stage had passed over only an hour previous, also horses, and cattle, and several footmen. Mr. William Waterman was wheeling a wheelbarrow across at the time of the fall, but was so far over that the falling spans did not reach him, though it somewhat accelerated his movements." He violated law in that he drove his wheelbarrow across " faster than a walk," but under the circumstances he was excusable. Immediately upon the fall of the bridge a ferry was established, j temporarily, by contributions of the citizens. I July 17, 1867, the Gua/rd announced the arrival of the bridge ; builders and the commencement of the work of building the new bridge. ' On Saturday, September 7, it M'as crossed by teams for the first time, and > the ferryboat was no longer needed. The bridge was formally accepted by the authorities of the county November 4, 1867, and at the present time (April, 1878,) it is in urgent need of extensive repairs, and must be rebuilt at no very distant day. i WAE HISTOEY. | If there is any one thing more than another of which the people of the Northern States have reason to be proud, it is of the record they made during the dark and bloody days of the War of the Eebellion. When the war was forced upon the country, the people were quietly pursuing the even tenor of their ways, doing whatever their hands found to do- making farms or cultivating those already made, erecting homes, founding cities and towns, building shops and manufactories — in short, the country was alive with industry and hopes for the future. The country was just recovering from the depression and losses incident to the financial paniQ.of 1857. The future looked bright and promising, and the industrious and f)atriotic sons and daughters of the Free States were buoyant with hope— coking forward to the perfecting of new plans for the ensurement of com fort and competence in their declining years, they little heeded the mutter- ings and tbreatenings of treason's children in the Slave States of the South^ HISTOEY OF OGLE COUNTY. 385 True sons and descendants of the heroes of the " times that tried men's goals " — the struggle for American independence — they never dreamed that there was even one so base as to dare attempt the destruction of the Union of their fathers — a government baptized with the best blood the world ever knew. While immediately surrounded with peace and tranquility, they paid but little attention to the rumored plots and plans of those who lived and grew rich from the sweat and toil, blood and flesh of others— raye, even trafficked in the offspring of their own loins. Nevertheless, the war came with all its attendant horrors. April 12, 1861, Fort Sumter, at Charleston, South Carolina, Major Anderson, U. S. A., commandant, was fired upon by rebels in arms. Al though basest treason, this first act in the bloody reality that followed was looked upon as mere bravado of a few hot-heads — the act of a few fire-eaters whose sectional bias and freedom hatred was crazed by the excessive indul gence in intoxicating potations. When, a day later, the news was borne along the telegraph wires that Major Anderson had been forced to surrender to what had first been regarded as a drunken mob, the patriotic people of the North were startled from their dreams of the future— from undertakings half completed — and made to realize that behind that mob there was a dark, deep and well organized purpose to destroy the government, rend the Union in twain, and out of its ruins erect a slave oligarchy, wherein no one would dare question their right to hold in bondage the sons and daughters of men whose skins were black, or who, perchance, through practices of lustful natures, were half or quarter removed from the color that God, for His own purposes, had given them. But they " reckoned without their host." Their dreams of the future — their plans for the establishment of an independent confederacy — were doomed from their inception to sad and bitter disap pointment. Immediately upon the surrender of Fort Sumter, Abraham Lincoln — America's martyr President — who, but a few short weeks before, had taken the oath of office as the nation's chief executive, issued a proclamation call ing for 75,000 volunteers, for three months. The last word of that proc lamation had scarcely been taken from the electric wires before the call was filled. Men and money were counted out by hundreds and thousands. The people who loved their whole government could not give enough. Patriotism thrilled and vibrated and pulsated through every heart. The farm, the workshop, the office, the pulpit, the bar, the bench, the college, the school-house — every calling offered its best men, their lives and fortunes in defense of the government's honor and unity. Party lines were, for the time, ignored. Bitter words, spoken in moments of political heat, were forgotten and forgiven, and, joining hands in a common cause, they repeated the oath of America's soldier statesman : " By the Great Eternal, the Union m/ust and shall be preserved/" The gauntlet thrown down by the traitors of the South in their attack upon Fort Sumter was accepted — not, however, in the spirit with which insolence meets insolence — but with a firm, determined spirit of patriotism and love of country. The duty of the President was plain under the con stitution and the laws, and above and beyond all, the people from whom all pohtical power is derived, demanded the suppression of the rebellion, and stood ready to sustain tl;e authority of their representatives and executive opSce^s, f' 386 HISTOEY OF OGLE COUNTY. April 14, A. D. 1861, Abraham Lincoln, President of the United States, issued the following PROCLAMATION. Whereas, The laws of the United States have been, and now are, violently opposed in several states by combinations too pf)werful to be suppressed iii the ordinary way, I there fore call for the militia of the several states of the Union, to the aggregate number of 75,n00 to suppress said combination and execute the laws. I appeal to all loyal citizens to fa'cili' tate and aid in this etfort to maintain the laws, the integrity and the perpetuity of the popular government, and redress wrongs long enough endured. The first service assigned to the forces, probably, will be to repossess the forts, places and property which have been seized from the Union. Let the utmost care be taken, consistent with the object, to avoid devastation, destruction, interference with the property of peaceful citizens in any part ofthe country ; and I hereby command persons composing the'aforesaid combination to disperse within twenty days from date. I hereby convene both houses of Congress for the 4th day of July next, to determine upon measures for public safety which the interest of the subject demands. ABRAHAM LINCOLN, Wm. H. Seward, President of tlie United States. Secretary of State. Seventy-five thousand men were not enough to subdue the rebellion. Nor were ten times that number. The war went on, and call followed call, until it began to look as if there would not be men enough in all the Free States to crush out and subdue the monstrous war traitors had inaugurated. But to every call, for either men or money, there was a willing and a ready response. And it is a boast of the people that, had the supply of men fallen short, there were women brave enough, daring enough, patriotic enough, to have offered themselves as sacrifices on their country's altar. Such were the impulses, motives and actions' of the patriotic men of the North, among whom the sons of Ogle made a conspicuous and praise worthy record. The readiness with which the first call was filled, together with the embarrassments that surrounded President Lincoln in the absence of suf ficient laws to authorize him to meet the unholy, unlocked for and unex pected emergency — an emergency that had never been anticipated hy the wisest and best of America's statesmen — together with an underestimate of the magnitude of the rebellion and a general belief that the war could not, and would not last more than three months, checked, rather than encouraged, the patriotic ardor of the people. But very few of the men comparatively speaking, who volunteered in response to President Lincoln's call for 75,000 volunteers for three months, were accepted. But the time soon came when there was a place and a musket for every man. CaU followed call in quick succession, until the number reached the grand total of 3,339,748, as follows: April 16, 1861, for three months 75,000 May 4, 1861, for five years 64,748 July, 1861, for three years 500,000 July 18, 1863, for three years -.. 300,000 August 4, 1862, for nine months 300,000 June, 1863, for three years 300,000 October 17, 1863, for three years 300,000 February 18, 1864, for three years 500,000 July 10, 1864, for three years 200,000 July 16, 1864, for one, two and three years... 500,000 December 21 , 1864, for three years 300,000—3,339,748 To the credit of the county, be it said, there was no draft. To each and every call above quoted, there was a liberal response. Of the offerings '.? ^ J^ 'S^t^ OREGON HISTOEY OF OGLE COUNTY. 389 of men and money made by this people during the great and final struggle between freedom and slavery, it is the purpose now to write. April 30, 1861, the board of supervisors being in session, Hon. James Y. Gale, a member of the board presented a resolution relating to the crisis and the duty of the people, which, on motion, was referred to a special com mittee of three — Messrs. Norton, Frisby and Hitt. May 1st, that committee reported as follows, whicli report was unani mously adopted : Whereas, The President of the United States has made known to the people of the United States through his proclamation that rebellion against the government and laws of the United States has been undertaken, and is maintained by certain States of the con federacy, and that to suppress the same the armed forces of the State of Illinois will be required, therefore. We, the board of supervisors, for, and in behalf of the citizens of the County of Ogle, State of Illinois, endorsing fully the President in his efforts and desires to suppress said rebellion and preserve the Union, and to protect the State of Illinois, and the County of Ogle, do hereby appropriate the sum of $5,000 to be paid in orders on the county treasury, as follows, to-wit : To every commissioned officer, non-commissioned officer and private, raised in the said County of Ogle, and received in the service of the United States, or under the order of the Legislature, or Governor ofthe State of Illinois, the sum of five dollars per month, to commence from the date of the acceptance of said company either in the United States forces or under the order ofthe State Legislature or Governor of the State of Illinois; Pro vided, however, that such sums shall in no case be paid to any officer or private unless at the time of such enrollment in any such company, he shall have a family depending on him for support; and, Provided, further, that said family shall need the said sum for their absolute support, which necessity shall be certified to by the supervisor of the town in which said oflScer or private may reside at the time of said enrollment. And provided, further, that for the purpose of this order and to entitle the parties to the benefits thereof, it shall not be necessary that said officer or private shall be a married man, but if he have a mother, or brother, or sister, depending upon him for support they shall he considered his family within the meaning of the order. It shall be the duty of the supervisor of each town, whenever application shall be made by any persons entitled to receive benefits from the provision of this order, to make certificate that said applicant is entitled to the same, and to what amount, and, which cer- tificate, endorsed by the town clerk and one justice of the peace, where the applicant shall reside, shall be sufficient evidence to the county clerk, who, thereupon, shall issue county orders to the amount of said certificate so endorsed, for the benefit of said applicant or his family, and pay it over to him, or them, or their order. It shall be the duty of each supervisor, on application of such soldier or his represen tative, as may be entitled to the benefits of this order, to issue his certificate for the relief of such applicant until such soldier shall be discharged from duty. The tocsin of war was sounded. Meetings were held in all the town ships, at which stirring and spirited addresses were made, and resolutions adopted that admitted of but one interpretation. The spirit of the people in the early days of the war, is very clearly refiected in the following pre amble and resolutions : Whereas, It becomes American citizens to know no political law but their country's welfare; and whereas, the fiag of our country has been insulted, and the laws set at defiance by formidably organized bands of lawless men whose avowed purpose and overt acts are high treason against the government, therefore, resolved, 1. That in the present endangered state of our country we will ignore all party differ ences and distinctions and will unite in rendering all the aid within our power, to the Federal Executive in executing the laws and defending the honor of our national flag. 2. That we recognize the form of government formed by our fathers — and baptized in their blood— as the best in the world ; the birthright of American citizens, and to be given up but with our lives. 3. That we are unalterably for the Union of the States, one and inseparable, now and "With such a spirit, and guided and directed by such patriots as : K. 0. Burchell, H. A. Mix (now deceased), John Y. Gale, E. F. Dutcher, Hugh 390 HISTOEY OF OGLE COUNTY. Kea, B. F. Sheets, Joseph Sears, James Y. Gale, Albert Woodcock, of Oregon; John S. Kosier, Amzie Johnston, Dr. Clinton Helm, of Byron; P. B. Boyce, John A. Huges, of Eochelle; Morton D. Swift, of Polo; Prof. Pinckney and S. M. Hitt, of Mount Morris; there was no wavering, if there had been a disposition to waver. The people were united in senti ment and prompt in action. The pen could be employed for months in sketching the uprising of the people, the formation of companies, and telling of the deeds of valor and heroism of the " Boys in Blue " from Ogle County There is material here for volumes upon volumes, and it would be a pleasing task to collect and arrange it, but no words our pen could employ would add a single laurel to their brave and heroic deeds. Acts speak louder than words, and their acts have spoken — are recorded in pages already written. The people of no county in any of the states of the freedom and Union-loving North made a better record during the dark an(i trying times of the great and final struggle between freedom and slavery — patriotism and treason — than the people of Ogle. Monuments may crumble; cities may fall into decay; the tooth of time leave its impress on all the works of man, but the memory of the gallant deeds of the army of the Union in the war of the great rebellion, in which the sons of this county bore so conspicuous a part, will live in the minds of men so long as time and civihzed governments endure. The people were liberal, as well as patriotic, and while the men were busy enlisting, organizing and equipping companies, the ladies were no less active. Committees were appointed to look after the necessities and to secure comfort to the families of those who enlisted. The spirit of the resolutions of the board of supervisors, adopted May 1, 1861, and care fully fostered by the board throughout the years of the war, pervaded the entire community, whicli was divided into committees, and each committee assigned a duty. And right nobly did each committee do its work. There were no laggards, no niggardliness. Men and monej' were given by tens and hundreds and thousands. No one stopped to count the costs. The life of the nation was af stake, and the people were ready to sacrifice all, BVEKY THING, for the preservation and maintenance of the Union — " A union of lakes, a union of lands — A union that none can sever — A union of hearts, a union of hands. The American Union forever." It would be interesting to record the money contributions — voluntary, as well as by means of taxation^^made by the people during the years of the rebellion, but that would be impossible. Of the former, no accounts were kept. People never stopped to reckon the cost, or to keep accounts of what they gave. When ever money was needed for any purpose, and pur poses and needs were plenty, it was given and paid on demand. There were no delays, no excuses, no " days of grace," no time for consid eration demanded. People were ready and willing. Husbands and fathers abandoned homes and their comforts, wives and littie ones for the dangers of tented fields of battle, assured that, in their absence, plenty would be provided for their loved ones. Because of this knowledge, their dreams were none the less sweet, nor their slumbers less refreshing, even if their beds were made upon rnother earth, and their covering only that of the gtarry dome above. HISTOEY OF OGLE COUNTY. 391 While it is impossible to make even an approximate estimate of the amount of money provided by voluntary contributions for war purposes, it is almost as impossible to arrive at the actual amounts provided by the public authorities by means of taxation — some times for the reason that the accounts were indifferently and loosely kept, and some times because of the seeming reluctance of parties (as in the case of township clerks) who ought to possess the knowledge, to impart it for preservation in printed pages of history. When the compilation of this work was commenced, each of the several township clerks was solicited, by printed circulars, to send the gentlemen in charge of the work the amounts provided by their respective townships for war purposes such as the payment of bounties, benefit of soldiers' families, etc. Out of the twenty-four township clerks, only five responded. These five were, R. W. Sheadle, White Eock; A. S. Hodley, Flagg; George M. Eeed, Nashua; O. S. Dentler, Scott; M. D. Swift,Polo. The amounts provided in these townships were as follows : Plagg $11,036 64 Nashua 1,300 00 Buffalo 11,000 00 Scott 11,500 00 White Rock 8,500 00 Total in five townships f43,236 64 It would be a much pleasanter duty to complete the showing by town ships than to stop with those quoted. But, for reasons already stated, it is beyond the writer's power. These figures, even now, would be an inter esting souvenir — in years to come, invaluable as facts for reference. The good work of the board of supervisors did not end with the appro priation of $5,000, as provided in their resolutions of May 1, 1861, but was continued from time to time, as occasion and necessity demanded, until the sum of $120,070 was raised and paid out under county authority. Now, in time of national peace and tranquility, this sum seems enormously large; and if the assessment of that amount for purposes of public improvements was submitted to a vote of the people, it would be voted down by a very large majority. Adding this sum of $120,070 to the $43,236.64 'provided by the five townships of Flagg, Nashua, Buffalo, Scott and White Eock, and we have a known total of $163,306.64. To this may be added at least $60,000 for voluntary contributions and the nineteen townships not reported, and we have an estimated igrand total of $223,306.64, provided by the people of Ogle County to aid in the suppression of the rebellion. ebcapittjlation. By Board of Supervisors ..$120,070 00 " fivetownships 43,336 64 " estimate for nineteen townships not reported, etc 60,000 00 Estimated grand total $323,306 64 The world never witnessed such an uprising of the masses, such a unanimity of sentiment, such a willingness to sacrifice men and money, as was shown bv the people of the states of the north from the time the rebels fired upon Fort Sumter in April, 1861, until the surrender of treason's army in 1865 — and no county in all the northern states made a bolder, clearer or better record than Ogle. Having thus noticed the spirit of patriotism that flred the hearts of the sons ana daughters of Ogle, tbe sacrifices and readiness of tbe wealthier 392 HISTOEY OF OGLE COUNTy. classes and of the taxpayers to sustain the Union, we come now to the volun teer soldiery. And of these what can we say ? What words can our pen employ that would do justice to their heroic valor — to their unequalled and unparalleled valor ? Home and home comforts — wives and little ones, fathers, mothers, sisters, brothers — were given up for life and danger on the tented fields of battle — for exposure, disease and death at the cannon's month. They reckoned none of these, but went out with their lives in their hands to meet and conquer the foes of the Union, maintain its supremacy, and vindicate its honor and integrity. We can offer no iliore fitting tribute to their patriotic valor than a full ahd complete record, so far as it is possible to make it, that will embrace the names, the terms of enlistments, the bat tles in which they engaged, etc. It will be a wreath of glory encircling every brow, and a memento which each and every one of them earned in defense of their country's honor, integrity and unity. Ogle County Volunteers. A.BBRETI ATIONS. Adjt Adjutant Art Artillery Bat — Battalion Col ..Colonel Caftt ___ Captain Corpl Corporal Comsy Commissary com -¦ - - commissioned cav - cavalry captd - captured desrtd - deserted disab disabled disd discharged e - enlisted excd exchanged inf - infantry kid killed Lieut Lieutenant Maj Major m. o - mustered out prmtd promoted prisr prisoner Regt Regiment re-e _ re-enlisted res . resigned Sergt _. Sergeant trans transfered vet veteran wd wounded hon discd _ honorably discharged George P. Jacobs, commissioned Commissary of Subsistence with the rank of Captain, February, 1863, and served throughout the war. 15th Infantry. The Fifteenth R'^giment Infantry Illinois Volunteers was org^anized at Freei)ort, Illinois, and mustered into the United States service May 24, 1861 — being the first regiment organized from the state for the three years' semce._ It then proceeded to Alton, 111., remaining there six weeks for instruction. Left Alton for St. Charles, Mo.; thence by rail to Mexico, Mu. Marched to Hannibal, Mo.; thence by steamboat to Jefferson Barracks; then by rail to RoUa, Mo. Arrived in time to cover Gen. Siegel's retreat from Wilson's Creek; thence to Tipion, Mo., and thence joined Gen. Fremont's array. Marched from there to Springfield, Mo.; thence back to Tipton; then to Sedalia, with Gen. Pope, and assisted in the capture of 1,300 of the enemy a few miles from the latter place; then marched to OtterviUe, Mo., where it went into winter quarters Dec. z6, 1861. Remained there until Feb, i, 1862. Then marched to Jefferson City; thence to St. Louis by rail; embarked on transports for Fort Donelson, arriving there the day of the surrender. The regiment was then assigned to the Fourth Di vision, Gen. Hurlbut commanding, and marched to Fort Henry. Then embarked on transports for Pitts burg Landing. Participated in the battles of the 6th and 7th of April, losing 252 men, killed and wounded. Among the former were Lieutenant-Colonel E. T. W. Ellis, Major Goddard, Captains Brownell and Wayne, Wid Lieutenant John W. Puterhaugh. Captain Adam Nase, wounded and taken prisoner. The regiment then marched to Corinth, participating in various skirmishes and the siege of that place, losing a number of men lulled and wounded. After the evacuation of Corinth, the regiment marched to Grand Junction; thence to Holly Springs; back to Grand Junction; thence to Lagrange; thence to Mem phis, arriving there July 21, i8(52, and remained there until September 6. Then marched to Bolivar; thence to the Hatchie River, and participated in the battle of theHatchie. Lost fifty killed and wounded in that en gagement. Then returned to Bolivar; from thence to Lagrange; thence, with Gen. Grant, down through Mississippi to Coffeeville, returning to Lagrange and Memphis; thence to Vicksburg, taking an active part ^, the siege of that place. After the surrender of Vicksburg, marched with Sherman to Jackson, Miss.; then retumed to Vicksburg and embarked for Natchez. Marched thence to Kingston; returned to Natchez; then to Harrisonburg, La., capturing Fort Beauregard, on the Washita River. Returned to Natchez, remained there until Nov. 10, 1863. Proceeded to Vicksburg and went imo winter quarters. Here the regiment re- enlisted as veterans, remaining until Feb, i, 1864, when it moved with Gen. Sherman through Mississippi. On Champion Hills had a severe engagement with rebel Carney. Marched to Meridan; thence south to Enter- frise ; thence back to Vicksburg. Was then ordered to llinois on veteran furlough. On expiration of furlough joined Seventeenth Army Corps, and proceeded up the Tennessee River to Clifton ; thence to Huntsville, Ala.; thence to Decatur and Rome, Ga.; thence to Kingston, and joined Gen. Sherman's Army, marching on Atlanta. At Allatoona Pass, the Fifteenth and the Fourteenth Infantry were consolidated, and the organization was knowr^^as the Veteran Battalion Fourteenth and Fif teenth [llinois Infantry Volunteers, and numbering 625 men. From Allatoona Pass it proceeded to Ackworth, and was then assigned to duty, guarding the Chatta nooga & Atlanta Railroad. Whilst engaged in this duty, the regiment being scattered along the line of road, the rebel, Gen. Hood, marching north, struck the road at Big Shanty and Ackworth, and captured about 300 ofthe command. The remainder retreated to Ma rietta, were mounted, and acted as scouts for Gen. Van- dcver. They were afterwards transferred to Gen. F. P. Blair, and marched with Gen. Sherman through Georgia. After the capture of Savannah, the regiment pro ceeded to Beaufort, South Carolina ; thence to Salka- hatchie River, participating in the various skirmishes in that vicinity — Columbia, S. C; Fayetteville, N. C; battle of Bentonville — losing a number wounded- thence to Goldsboro and Raleigh. At Raleigh, recruits suffi cient to fill up both regiments were received, and the organization ofthe V.teran Battalion discontinued, and the Fifteenth re-organized. The campaign of Gen, Sherman ended by the surrender of Gen. Johnson. The regiment then marched with the army to Wash ington, D. C, via Richmond and Fredericksburg, and participated in the grand review at Washington, May 24, 1865; remained there two weeks. Proceeded, by rail and steamboat, to Louisville, Ky.; remained at Louisville two weeks. The regiment was then detached from the Fourth Division, Seventeenth Army Corps^ and proceeded, by steamer, to St. Louis ; from thenco 394 OGLE COiJNTT WAR EteCOEt). to Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, arriving there July i, 1865. Joined the army serving on the Plains. Arrived at Fort Kearney August 14 ; then ordered to return to Fort Leavenworth September i, i86s, where the regi ment was mustered out of the service and placed en ¦route for Springfield, 111., for final payment and dis charge — having served four years and four months. Number of miles marched 4299 • Number of miles by rail 2403 Number of miles by steamer.. 4310 Total miles traveled 11,012 Number of men joined from organization. 1963 Number of men al date of muster-out 640 Adjutant Chas. F. Barber, com. Oct. 26, 1861. Resigned June 2, 1863. Adjutant George Q. Allen, com. June 2, 1863. Term expired, re-entered service, 144th Vols. Regimental Band, Leader A. A. Millard, e. May 24, 1861, m. o. April 18, 1862. Musician Theo. F. Higley, c. May 24, 1861, m. o. April r8, 1862. Musician John F. Warner, e. May 24, 1861, m. o. April 18, 1862. Musician Edwin H. Riley, c. May 24, 1861, m. o. April i8j 1862. Musician William Kinnament, e. May 24, 1861, m. o. April 18, 1862. Company H. Capt. Morton D. Swift, com. April 22, 1861. Res. Jan. 12, 1863, Capt. Wm. J. Gibbs, com. 2d lieut. April 22, 1861. Prmtd. ist lieut. Sept. 25, 1862. Prmtd. capt. Jan. 12, 1863, m. o. at consolidation. First Lieut. Tho.= . J. Hewitt, com. April 22, 1861. Res. Sept. 23, 1862, First Lieut. John B. Newland, e. as corpl. May 24, '61. Prmtd. 2d lieut. Sept. 23, 1862. Prmtd. ist lieut. Jan. 12, 1863, m. o. at consolidation. Second Lieut. Jasper F. Allison, e. as sergt. May 24, 1861. Prmtd, 2d lieut. Jan. 12, 1863. Hon. disd. June 17, 1864. First Sergt. Chas. H. Ousterhoudt, e. May 24,1861, disd. Nov. 26, 1862, wd.^ Sergt. Chas, W. Thompson, e. May 24, 1861, died April II, 1862, wd. Sergt. Rudolph S. Small, c. May 24, 1861, drowned July 20, 1861. Corpl. Chas. Fox, c. May 24, 1861, kid. at Shiloh April 6,1862, ^ -r^ ' F Corpl. M. G. Montgomery, e. May 24, 1861, vet., m. o. Sept. 16, 1865. *• Corpl. C. O. W. Newton, e. May 24, j86i, m. u. May 24, 1864. Allen Geo. Q. e. May 24, 1861, trans, to N. C. S. as sergt. major, Aspel Pat'k, e. May 24, 1861. m. o. May 24, 1864. Austin H. J. e. May 24, '61, died May 6, '62, wd. Belknap I. M. e. May 24, '61, disd. July 10, '62, disab. Bassett Wm. W. e. May 24, 1861, died Nov. 7, 1S62. Bassett Chas. O. e. May 24, i86t. Bassett Wm. E, e. May 24, '61, di^d. Oct. ii,'6i, disab. Bond J. L, e. May 24, 1861, m. o. May 24, 1864, Barnes Z. A. e. May 24, i86i, m. o. May 24, 1864. Belcher Albert, e. May 24, 1861, m. o. May 24, 1864. Berkey David, e. May 24, '61, disd. Dec. 16, '62, disab. Barber Chas. F. e. May 24, 1861, trans, to N.C. S. May 24, 1861. Crunkleton Robt. e. May 24, '61, disd. July i, '62, wd. Champlin Chas. A. e. May 24,'6i, disd. Sept. 4,'62, wd. Coffin John, e. May 24, 1861, m. o. May 24, 1864. Cover Peter R, e. May 24, 1861, vet., prmt. sergt., m. o. Sept. 16, 1865. ^ Cheeney C. R. e. May 24, 1861, disd. Feb. i, '63, disab. Chappel Aug. S. e. May 24, 1861, m. o. May 24, 1864. Dawell Geo. e. May 24, 1861, died July 18, 1863. Dixon Chas. e. May 24, 1861, m. o. May 24, 1864 Evarts A. B. e. May 24, '61, disd. May 31. '63, disab. Elsey Henry, e. May. 24, 1S61, disd. Oct. n, '61, disab. Hardy David E. e. May 24,'6i, disd. Oct. i8,'62, disab. Helm Jas. E. e. May 24, 1861, disd, Aug. 5, 1863. Heaper Martin, e. May 24, 1861, m. o. May 24, 1864. Huntley Edw. e. May 24, 1861, disd. Oct. 11, '61, disab. Higley Theo. e. May 24, 1861, trans, to band. Hewitt Philo, e. May 24, 1861, m, o. May 14, 1864. Keedy C. R. Kinnament Wm, e. May 24, 1861, trans, to band May 24, 1861. Kellogg Fred'k, c. May 24, '61, disd. Oct. 18, '62, disab. Kellogg C. F. A. e. May 24, 1861, m. o. May 24, 1864. Lurt John W- e. May 24, '61, disd. Oct. ii,'6i, disab. Lampert F, P. e. May 24, 1861, m. o. May 24, 1864. Lane lohn, e. May 24, 1861, desrtd, June 10, 1861, Lowell N, e. May 24, 1861, m. o. May 24 1864. Lovelady H. e. May 24, 1861, disd. May 3, 1862, wd. Morris Chas. e. May 24,'6t, drowned May 24, 1861. McKinl.'y Jas. e. May 24, 1861, vet., m.o. Aug. 14, '65. Moreton John A. e. May 24, '61, vet., m.o. June 12, '65. Martin David, e. May 24, '61, disd. Oct. 4, 1861, disab. Mack H, C, e. May 24, i86r, vet., m. o. Sepi. 16, i86q. Maish Fred'k, e. May 24, i86r, disd. Oct. 11, '61, disab. Nikirk Sam'l H. e. May 24, '61, vet,, m, o. l^ay 30, '65. Paul lacob, e. May 24, 1861, m. o. May 24, 1864. , Potter Sam'l W, e. May 24, 1861, m. o. May 24, 1864. Palmer Levi, e. May 24, i86r, m. o. May 24, 1864. Robertson Andrew, e. May 24. '61, disd. July i,'62, wd. Roe John M. e. May 24, 1861, disd. June 15, 1861, writ Habeas Corpus. Ruggles J. H. e. May 24, '61, died May 4, 1862, wd. Roby Daniel, e. May 24, '61 , kid. at Shiloh April 6, '62. Royce Asa, e. May 24. 1861, vet., m. o. May 30, 1865, Scott Jas. e. May 24, 1861, m. o. May 24, 1864. Snyder Daniel H.e.May 24,'6i, disd. April 27,'63,disab, Scott Daniel, e. May 24, '61, disd. Oct. 4, '61, disab. Sweet Valentine, e. May 24, 1861, disd. Oct. 11, 1861, disab. Smith Valentine, e. May 24, 1861, died 15, '62, wd. Stevenson Simon, e. May 24, '61, disd. Aug. 8,'62,disab. Seward W. H. e. May 24, 1861, vet., m. o. May 30,'65. Snell John. e. May 24, i86r, disd. Oct. 4, 1861, disab. Stuckenberg Aug. e. Ma^' 24,'62,disd. Aug. i,'62, disab. Skuart S. B, e. May 24, 1861, vet., ni. o. May 30, 1865. Todd H. e. May 24, 1861, disd. Dec. 18, 1862, disab. Tusher F. e. May 24, 1861, disd. Dec. 5, 1862, wd. Typer Andrew, e. May 24, 1861, kid. at Shiloh April 6, 1862. Williams Anson, e. May 24, 1861, m. o. May 24, i86z. Woodruff Alonzo. e. May 24,*6i, vet., m.o. May 30,'65. Whiteside R. e. May 24, 1861, vet., Sept. 16.1865, as ist sergt. Warner John H. c. May 24, 1861, trans, to band May 24, 1861. West J. e. May 24, 1861, vet., m. o. May 30, 1865. Walkey Benj. e. May 24, 1861. Wolsey R. D. e. May 24, i86i, disd. Oct. 11, '61, disab. Washburne J. C. e. May 24,1861, disd. Dec. i6,'62,wd; Buswell Joel B. e. May 18, 1861, m. o. May 24, 1864. Bassett John, e. June i, 1861, m, o. May 24, 1864. Boown Robt. e. June 15, 1861, trans, to Co. B,m. 0. Sept. 16, 1865. Boown Wm. e. June 15, 1861, died Oct. 8, 1862. Barr John Nelson, e. June i7,'6i, deserted Sept. 6, '62. Bryan Peter, e. Sept. lo, i86i, disd. June I7i'63, disab. Bowers O, E. e. Oct. 15, 1861, trans. toCo.C, vet, bat., m. o. June 12, 1865. Dickson Alfred M. e, Sept. 12, 1861, disd. Nov. 29, 1862, disab, Finkle Robt, e. June 11, 1861, disd. Aug. 9, 1862, disab. Gibson E. C. e. July 8, 1861, trans, to Co. G, ist 111. Cav., Aug. I, 1861. Hammonds Alfred J. e. Aug. 21, 1861, disd. May 27, 1862, disab. Kennedy Jas, e. Jan, i, 1862, trans, to Co. C, vet. bat., m. o. June 5, 1865. Klinger David, e. Oct. 5, '61, disd. Dec. 27, '61, disab. Long Wm. e. June i, 1861, m. o. June i, 1864. Livermore John F.e.May — ,'6i, disd. Feb. 4,'62,disab. Long John A. e. Sept. 7, '6r, trans, to Co. C, vet. bat., m. o. Sept. 7, 1864. Lower Riley, e. Oct, 5, 1861, trans, to Co. C, vet. bat., m. o. Sept, 7, 1864. McCaig Wm. e. June 17, 1861, m. o. June 17, 186^. Mulnix Wm. e. June i, 1861, disd. Oct. 11, '61, disab. Neaff Chas. F. e. Sept. 22, '61 , vet., m. o. May 30, 1865. Offal Jos. e. July 25, 1861, desrtd. July 30, 1861. Parker Moses, e. Oct, i, 1861, disd. Oct. 2, 1861, wd. Stocking Wm. e. June i, 1861, m. 0. June i, 1864. _ Shirk Daniel F. e. June 17, '61, disd. Nov. i,'6i, disab. Staplin Chas. e. March 10, 1862, trans, to Co. C, vet. bat., m. o. May 27^ 1865. OGLE COTJNTT WAK EECOEt). 395 Wymer Wm. J. disd. Feb. 6, 1862, disab. Waterbury Edw. S. disd. Oct. 8, 1862, disab. Wood John, disd. Dee. 25, 1862, disab. Willis Geo. W. trans, to Co. C, vet. bat., m. u. Jan. 5, 1865. 15th Inf. ( Re-organi^ed.) Company C, First. Lieut. Jas. Hooker, com. 2d lieut. July 20, 1864. Prmtd. ist lieut. Aug. 10, 1864. m. o. First Lieut. Roraeyn Whiteside, e. as private March i, 1864, Prmtd. ist lieut. Sept. 20, 1865, m. o. as sergt. Sept. 16, 1865. [Note. — See Co. H^ ist/t Regt.y as first organized.'\ Company D, Sergt. Chas. J. Davis, e. Mch. 4, '65, m. o. Sept. 16, '65. Corpl. M. T. Trowbridge, e. March 4, 1865, m. o. Sept. 16, 1865. Cassidy Benj. e. March 4, 1865, m. o. Sept. 16, 186'?. Croak Dennis, e. Feb, 21, 1865, m. o. Sept. 16, 1865. Donavan John, e. March 6, 1865, deserted Mch. 15, '65. Frost Harrison, e. Feb. 21, 1865, m. o. Sept. 16, 1865. HillH. F. e. Feb. 21, 1865, m. o. Sept. 16, 1865. Miller B. H. e. March 4, 1865, deserted. Rand J. G. e. March 2, 1865, died April 7, 1865. Stearns John S. e. Feb. 21, 1865, deserted July 25,1865. Company E. Hallock Wallace, e. April 27, 1864, m. o. May 30, 1865. Louden Jacob, e. March 27, 1864, m. o. May 30, 1865. Miller C. C. e. Aiarch 26, 1862, m. o. May 30, 1865. Company F. Capt. Matthew Blair, com. March 17, 1865. Res. July ID, 1865. ,, Capt. Jonathan M. Clendining, com. 2d lieut. March 16, 1865. Prmtd. capt. Aug. 21, 1865. M. o. Sept. 16, 1865. First Lieut. Edwin H. Riley, com. March 17, 1865. On detached service. Second Lieut. John C. Galbraith, e. as sergt, March 2, 1865. Prmtd. 2d lieut, Sept. 20, 1865. M. o. as sergt. Sept. 16, 1865. Sergt. N E. RogerSj e. March i,'65, m. o. Sept. 16, '65. Sergt. Bowen B. Keith, e.Mch. 2. '65, m.o. Sept. 16, '65. Corpl. W. J. Van Eman, e.Mch, i,'6s, m,o. Sept. 16, '65. Corpl. Chas. A. Geeting,e.Mch.r,'6s, m.o. Sept,i6,'65, Corpl. Jos. Dean, e. March i, 1865. m.o. Sept, 16,1865. Corpl. B. J, Frieze, e. March i, 1865, m.o. Sept, i6,'6s, Corpl. Peter S.Meyers, e. Mch 2. '65, m, o. Aug, 8, '65. Corpl. Wm. Sloggett, e. Mch. 2,'65, m.o. Sept. 16, '65. Corpl. Chris. Kroener, e. Mch. 2, '65, m.o. Sept. 16, "^b^. Corpl. S, P. Seas, e. March 2, 1865, m, o. June 7, 1865. Musician Jos, H. Sweet, e. March 2, 1865, m. o. Sept. 16, 1865. Musician Wm. C. Galpin, c. March i, 1865, m. o. Sept, 16, 1865. Wagoner John D. Schlosser, e. March 2, 1865, m. o. Sept. 16, 1865. Bowman U. J, e. March 13, 1865, m. o. Sept. 16, 1865, Billig Sam'l, e. March i, 1865, m. o, July 31, 1865. Billig David, e. March i, 1865, m.o. Sept. 16, 1865. Bovey Lewis, e. March i, 1865, m. o. Sept, 16, 1865. BlairSam'l W. e. March 2, 1865, m. o. June 7, 1865. Billig Wm. e. March 2, 1865, m. o. July 31, 1865. Cheeseman Robt. D. e. March 2,1865, "^-o- Sept. 16, '65. Dagnan Wm. e. March i, 1865, m. o. Sept. 16, 1865. Oowden Geo, A, e. March i, 1865, m. o. July ig, 1865. Dibolt Geo.e. March 2, 1865, m. o. Sept. 16, 1865, Derby E. W. e. March 2, 1865, m. o. Sept. 16, 1865. Eakle,M. H. e. March i, 1865, m, o. Sept, 16, 1865. Eyrick Wm. e. March 2, 1865, m, o. July 31, 1865. Eakle John W. e. March 2, 1865, m, o. Sept. 16, 1865. Freese A. W. e. March i, 1865, m. o. Sept. 16, 1865. barren Patrick, e. March i, 1865, desrtd. June 11, 1865. *reeheman John, e. March 14, 1865, desrtd. July 2, '65. Gnggs Eli, e. March 2, 1865, m. o, Sept. 16, 1865. Jjasmuth John, e. March 2, 1865, m. o. Sept. 16, 1865. Jjross Chas. E. e. March 2, desrtd. June 26, 1865. Jjage Luther S. e. Feb. 23, 1865, m. o. Sept. 16, 1865. tiarmon A. e. March i, 1865, m. o. Sept. 16, 1865. Hoofnagle H. e. March, i, 1865, in hospital at Fort Leavenworth. Hulse Adam, e. March i, 1865. m. o. Sept. 16, 1865. Harmon R. e. March i, 1865, m, o, Sept. 16, 1865. Hanna R. e. March 2. 1865, m. o. June 26, 1865. Hanna Thos. e. March 2, 1865, m. o. Sept. 16, 1865. Hoover Daniel, e. March 2, 1865, m. o. Sept. 16, 1865. Hagert F. e. March 2, 1865, m. o. Fuly 25, 1865. HoUinshead D. C. e. March 2, '65, m. o. Sept. 16, '65. Hoorf AugU'^t,e. March i, 1865, m. o. Sept. 16, 1865. Kitsmiller Ji>hn, e. March i, 1865, m. o. Sept. 16, 1865. Knodle Jos. N. e. March i, 1865, m. o. June 2, 1865. Krouch Jas, e. March 6, 1865, m, o. Aug. 8, 1865. Kobon Fredk. e. March 2, 1865, m. o, July 5, 1865. Kamaiy Jas. A. e. March 2, 1865, m. o, Sept. 16, 1865, Kirkhauff P, N. e, March 2, 1865, m. o. Sept. 16, 1865. Marsh F. W. e. March i, 1865, m. o. Sept. 16, 1865. Miller F. e. March i, 1865, m. o, Sept. 16, 1865. Marker P. F. e. March i, 1865, m. o. Sept. 16, 1865. Maxwell Chas. e. March i, 1865, m. o. Sept. 16, 1865. McClain Wm. e. March 2, 1865, desrtd. July 17, 1865. Mooney Thos. e. March , , 1865, m. o. Sept. 16, i86g. Martin David, e. March 2, 1865, desrted. July 26, 65. Mullen Daniel, e. March 2, 1865, m. o. Aug. 8, 1865. Miller W. H. H. e. March 2. 1865, m. o. Sept. 16, 1865. Piper Geo. W. e. March i, 1865, m, o. July 31, 1865. Petrie Freedline, e, March i, i86.s, m. o. Sept. 16, '65. Petne Upton, e. March i, 1865, m, o. Aug, 8, 1865. Pappen H, S, e. March i, 1865, m. o, Sept. 16, 1865. Piper Daniel, e, March 2, 1865, m. o. Sept. 16, 1865. Rhodes Wm. B. e. March i, 1865, m. o. Sept. 16, 1865. Reisinger A. S. e. March i, 1865, m, o. Sept. 16, 1865. Reisinger S, Y, e, March 2, 1865, m, o. Sept, 16, 1865. Reisinger Jacob D. e, March i, 1865, m, o. Sept. i6,'6s. Reecy B. e. March 2, 1865, m. o. July 31, 1865. Ryan Jas. e. March 2, 1865, m. o, July 31, 1865. Stoppy — , e. March i, 1865, m, o. Sept. 16, 1865. Shipman S. e. March i, 1865. m, o. Sept. 16, 1865. Stanley Hugh, e. March 2, 1865, m. o. Sept. 16, 1865. Toms Samuel W. e. March i, 1865, m. o. Sept, 16, 1865. Van Patten A. e. March 7i 1865, m, o. Sept, 16, 1865. Wheat Amos H. e. March i, 1865, m. o. Sept. 16, 1865. Webb .'Samuel, e. 'March 7, 1865, m. o. Aug. 8, 1865. Wetzell J. P. e. March 2, 1865, m. o. Sept. r6, 1865. COMPANY G. Johnson Jas. T. e. March 11, 1865, m. o. May 11, 1865. Klinker M. e. March 10, 1865, desrtd. July 2, 1865. McClure T. C„e. March n, 1865, m. o. June 29, 1865. Sherig Edward R. c. March 11, 1865, m. o. Sept. 16, '65. Trowbridge Wm, e. March lo, 1865, m. o. Sept. 16, '65. COMPANY H. Sergt. Robert Marks, c. Feb, 25, 1865, m. u. Sept. 16, 1865. Musician Buckhart Jos. e. Feb. 25, 1865, m. o. July 31, 1865. Byerly Emanuel, e. Feb. 25, 1865, m. o. Sept. 16, 1865. Groves Daniel S. e. Feb. 25, 1865, desrtd. July 14. '65. Gaffin Chas. e. Feb. 25, i86s, m. o. Sept. 16, 1865. Hoffman E. e. Feb. 25, 1865, m. o. Sept. 16, 1865. Kearns Wm. e. Feb. 25,1865, died June 19, 1865. Kretsinger S. e. Feb. 25, 1865, m. o. Sept. 16, 1865. Knodle H. e. Feb. 25, 1865, m. o. Sept. 16, 1865. Knodle John W. e. Feb. 25, 1865, desrtd. July 14, 1865. Knepper Hiram, e. Feb. 25, 1865, m. o. Sept. 16, 1865. Michael Daniel C. e. Feb. 25, 1865, m. o. June 8, 1865. Mon Henrv R. e. Feb. 25, 1865, m. o. Sept. 16, 1865. Piper Man'in, e. Feb. 25, 1865, m. o. Sept. 16, 1865. Savage Wm. C. e. Feb. 25, 1865, m. o. July 14, 1865. StuU H. H e. Feb. 25, 1865, m. o. Sept. 16, 1865. Ray David C. COMPANY K. First Lieut. Jacob Paul, com. March 21, 1865, m. u. Sept. 16, 1865. Second Lieut. Tillman Driesbach, com. March 21, 1865, m. o. Sept. 16, 1865. First Sergt. Wm. A. Long, c. March 18, 1865, m. o. Sept. 16, 1865. Sergt David Overdorf, e. Mch. i8,'65, m.o. Sept.16, 63- Sergt. Chas. Debenham.e. Mch.i8,'6s, .mo. Sept.i6, 63. Sergt. John Emrick,e. March i8,'6s, m.o. June i, 1865. Corpl. Jacob M. Piper, e. Mch. i8.'65, m.o. Sept.i6, 63. Corpl. Jas. L. Smith, e. March i8,'65, m.o. Sept. i6,'65. 396 OGLE COimTY WAIi EEOOED. Abies John, e. March 7, 1865, m. o. June i, 1865. Alberts John, e. March 8, 1865, m, o. Sept. r6, 1865. Abies Jacob, e, March 8, 1865, m. o. June 29, 1865. Baker David H, e. March 8, 1865, m. o. Aug. 8, 1865. Bingman Jacob, e, March 13, 1865, absent, sick. Brand Robt, e, March 7, 1865, m. o. Aug, 8, 1865. Crietz John. T. e. March 8, 1865, m, 0, Sept. 16, 1865, ^ Cooley John, e. March 8, 1865, m. o, Sept. 16, 1865. Cort T. e. March 8, 1865, m. o. Sept, 16, 1865. Eicholtz John L. e. March 7, 1865, m, o- Sept. 16, 1865. Ettinger John W. e, March 8, 1863, m.o. Sept, 16, '65. Finney Wm. e. March 8, 1865, deserted July 22, 1865. Feldmann John, e, March 8,1865, deserted June 26, '65, Finney Abner. e. March 8. 1865, ni, o. Sept, 16, 1865. Fry Chris, e. March 7, 1865, m, o. Sept, 16, 1865. - Fry Jacob, e. March 7, 1865, m. o, Aug, 2, 1865. Hoffinsl. C. e. March 8, 1865, m. o, July 10, 1865. Hoffman F, e. March 8, 1865, m. o, Sept. r6, 1865. Harris A, e, March 8, 1865, m. o. Sept. 16, 1865. Hawk Daniel, e, March 8, 1865, deserted July 22, 1865. Hammond Jos- e. March 8, 1865, m. o. Sept. 16, 1865. Heller John, e. March 8, 1865, m, o. Sept. 16, 1865. Knopp Geo. M. e, March 7, 1865, m. o. Sept. 16, 1865, Kieweit Jacob, e. March 8, 1865, m. o, Sept. 16, 1865. Lower Henry, e. March 7. 1865, m. o. Sept. 16, 1865. Meyer Edw. c. March 21, 1865, m. o. Sept, 16, 1865. McKerral N, e. March 7, 1865, m. o. Sept, 16, 1865. Myers S. C, e, March 8, 1865, m. o, Sept. 16, 1865. Myers Wm. e. March 8, 1865, m, o. Sept, 16, 1865. Maddux Thos, F. e. March 11, 1865, m, o, Sept. i6,'65. Nicodemus Geo. e. March 7, 1865, m. o. July 31, 1865. Piper Geo. e. March 8, 1865, m. o. Sept, 16, 1865. Pull Geo. c. March 8, 1865, m. o. Sept. 16, 1865, Riky Thos, e. March 6, 1865, desrtd. March 14, 1865. Rotharmell Amos, c. March 7, 1865, m^o. Sept. 16, '65. Rickcrt Sam'l, e. March 8, 1865, m. o. Sept. 16, 1865. Rhinehart J. B, e. March 8, 1865, m. o, Sept. 16, 1865. Shaffer Dan'l, e. March 8, 1865, m. o. Sept. 16, 1865. Sarby W. O. e. March 8, 1865, deserted July 23, 1865. Schreerer E, M. e. March 8, 1865, m. o. July 27, 1865. Salser John F. e. March 7, 1865, m. o, Sept. 16, 1865. Small John, e. March 8, 1865, m. o, July 13, 1865". Stuckenberg H. F. e. March 8, 1865, m.o. Sept. 16, '65. Schriver A. E. e. March 8, 1865, m, o. Sept, 16, 1865. Tobias Joel, e, March 7, 1865, m. o, Sept. 16, 1865. Wiloby Wm. e, March 8, 1865, m. o. July 31, 1865. Wallisa Israel, e. March 7, 1865, m. o, Sept. 16, 1865. Fisket Wm. e. April 6, 1865. Hicks F. M. e. April 6, 1865. Rickerson C. W. F. e. April 6, 1865, SMh Infantry, The Thirty-fourth Infantry Illinois Volunteers was organized at Camp Butler, Illinois, September 7, 1861, by Colonel E. N, Kirk. Moved, October 2, to Lexing ton, Ky., and from thence to Louisville, and then to Camp Nevia, Ky.. where it remained until February 14, 1862. Marched to Bowling Green, and thence, via Nashville, Franklin and Columbia, to Savannah, on the Tennessee Kiver. Arrived at Pittsburg Landing April 7, 1862, and was hotly engaged in that battle, losing Major Levanway and 15 men killed, and 112 wounded. From thence moved to Corinth, and was engaged on the 2Qth of May, losing one man killed and five wounded. From Corinth, moved to Florence and luka, Alabama. Crossed the river at that place, and moved to Athens, Huntsville and Stevenson, Alabama, Was encamped over a month at Battle Creek. From thence marched, via. Pellam, Murfreesboro and Nabhville, to Louisville, Ky., arriving September 27, 1862. October r, 1862, left Louisville for Frankfort. Regi ment commanded by Lieut, Col. H. W. Bristol, Brigade by Col, E, N, Kirk, and Division by Brig. Gen, Sill, October 4, was engaged in a skirmish at Clayville, Ky, From trankfort, moved, via Laurensburg, Perryville, Danville, Crab Orchard, Lebanon and Bowling Green, to Nashville. November 27, had a skirmish at La- vergne. Regiment remained m camp, five miles south east of Nashville, until December-26, 1862, December 27, Right Wmg moved to Triune, and, after a sharp fight, drove the enemy from town. On the 2gth, moved, via Independence Hill, toward Murfrees boro. On the 30th, took position at extreme right of Union lines. On the 31st, the enemy attacked the reg iment in overwhelming force, driving it back on the main line. Following the advantage gained by his in fantry, the enemy's cavalry charged the line and cap tured many ofthe regiment. Loss — killed 21, wounded 93, missing 66. Gen. Kirk was mortally wounded. While at Murfreesboro, the Right Wing, Fourteenth Army Corps, was organized into the Twentieth Army Corps, and Maj. Gen. McCook assigned to command. June 24, 1863, the Twentieth Corps moved, by the Shelbyville Pike, toward Liberty Gap, On the 25th, the Second Brigade was ordered forward, and advanced across an open corn field, eighty rods in width, lately plowed, and softened by the rains which fell the day and night before, until the men sunk half way to the knee in mud at every step. Without help, and in the' face of a rebel brigade advantageously posted, they drove the enemy from his position — the Second Arkan sas Infantry leaving their battle flag on the hill, where thev fought in front of the Thirty-fourth. The regi ment lost 3 killed and 26 wounded. Moved, on the 26th, via Beech Grove, to Manchester, entering Tullahoma on the morning of July r, August 16, moved, z/za Larkin's Valley, to Belief ^nte, Alabama. The Thirty-fourth was here detailed as Provost Guard. On the 30th, moved to Caperton's Ferry, on Tennessee River, Here the regiment was left to guard the pontoon bridge. September 18, moved the boats to Battle Creek. October 20, 1863, moved, under command of Brigadier General J. D. Morgan, to Anderson's Cross Roads, in Sequatchie Valley. November 8, moved to Harrison's, Landing, on Ten nessee River. November 14, ordered to report to Briga dier General John Beatty, commanding Second Brigade, Second Division, Fourteenth Army Corps, Jeff, C. Davis commanding Division. Arrived at Chattanooga 15th, and camped on Moccasin Point. November 25, ordered to join the Brigade on the battle field of Chattanooga. Arrived ri o'clock P. M. Moved at i o'clock A. M. of 26th, and moved via f.. hicamauga Station. On the 28th, moved back to Chattanooga, where those unable to march were put in camp, the remainder of the regiment moving on the expedition into East Tennessee, as far as Loudon, where jhe Thirty-fourth was detailed to run a grist mill, grinding corn and wheat for the Division, Returned to Chattanooga, arriving December ig, 1863. December 22, the Thirty-fourth was mustered as a veteranTDrganization, and January 8, 1864, started for Springfield, Illinois, for veteran furlough. Received veteran furlough, and rendezvoused at Dixon, Illinois. February 28, moved, via Chicago, Louisville and Nashville, arriving at Chattanooga March 7, 1864, and moved out tojoin the Second Bri gade, Colonel John G, Mitchell, One Hundred and Thirteenth Ohio, commanding, in camp near Rossville, Georgia. Mustered out July 12, 1865, at Louisville, Kentucky. Arrived at Chicago July 16, 1865, for final paymentand discharge.Lieutenant Colonel Amos Bosworth, com. Aug. 15, 1861. Res. April i8, 1862. Lieutenant Colonel Oscar Van Tassell, com. capt. Co. F, Aug. 15, 1861. Prmtd. lieut. col. Feb. 14, 1863. M. o. Nov, 7, 1864. Major John M. Miller, com. capt. Co. H, Aug. 15,1861. Prmtd. major Nov, 2g, 1862. Res. Sept. 13, 1864. Quartermaster D, H. Talbott, e. as ist sergt. Sept. 18, i86i. Prmtd. comsy. sergt. Sept, 21, 1861. Prmtd. quartermaster March 21, 1863. Termexpired Nov. 6, 1864, First Assistant Surgeon Franklin Barker,com, April 14, 1865. M. o, July 12, 1865. Company A. Cooper Jos. e, March g, 1865, m. o. July 12, 1865. Palmer i. W, vet., kid. Averysboro March 16, 1865. Palmer Geo. W. e. Oct. 15, 1864, m. o, July 12, 1865. Company C. Wagoner Chas. H. Evans, died at Hamburg, Tenn., June, 1862. Marker M. m. o. Sept, 12, 1864. Buck David, e. Feb. 19, 1864, m, o. July 12, 1865. Buck A, F. e. Feb. 14, 1864, disd, Oct. 29, 1864, wd. Foreman Jacob, e. Feb, 23, 1864, m, 0, July 12, 1865. Glen Geo. W. e, Feb, 15, 1864, 111. 0. July 12, 1865. Royce B. R. e. Oct. 15, 1861, vet., m. 0. July is, 1865. (deceased) ORCGON OGLE COUNTY WAR EECOED. 309 Company D. Doyle Edw. vet., m. u. July 12, 1865. ¦ Savage Wm. vet., m. o. July 12, 1865. Company E. Capt. Henry Weld, com. Aug. 15,1861. Res. March 26, 1862. Capt. Samuel L. Patrick, com. ist lieut. Aug. 15, 1861. Prmtd. capt. March 28, 1862. Res. Nov, 21, 1863, Capt. Hollis S. Hall, e. as sergt. Sept. 7, 1861. Prmtd. 2d lieut. June 12, 1862. Prmtd. capt. June 8, 1865. M. o. July 12, 1865. First Lieut. Ed, H. Weld, com, 2d lieut. Aug. 15, 1861. Prmtd. ist lieut. June 12, 1862. M. o. Mch. 3o,'65. Second Lieut. Thos. Bell, com. Aug. 15,1861. Dismissed Feb. 15, 1862. Second Lieut. Chas. J. Loveland, e. as private Sept. 7, 1861, Re-e. as vet. Prmtd. 2d lieut. June 14, 1865. M. o, as sergt, July 12, 1865. Sergt. Julius J. Comstock, e. Sept. 7, 1861, resigned as Second Lieut. June 22, 1862. Never com. Sergt. Daniel W. Weld, e. Sept. 24, 1861. Corpl, Ma^c^^ D- Bennett, e. Sept. 7, 1861. Corpl. Geo. F. Cheshire, e. Sept. 18, 1861. Corpl. Jas. P. Stewart, e. Sept. 7, 1861, vet., kid. at Kenesaw, June 15, 1864. Corpl. Geo. Fink, e. Sept. 7, 1861, died at St. Louis, ' June 30, 1862. Corpl. Cdas, H. Broyword, c. Sept, 7, 1861, died at St. Louis, June 20, 1862. Cgrpl, Geo, R. Dewey, e. Sept. 17, 1861, m. w. Jan. 13, 1865, as wagoner. Musician Geo. L. Wade,e. Sept. 24, 1861. Austin Amos W. e. Sept. 12, 1861, vet., m. o. July 12, 1865, as sergt. Bennett Chas. G. e. Sept. 7, 1861, disd. Blakely A. S. e. Sept. 24, 1861. Brainard Chas. died. Calkins D. K. e, Sept. 24, 1861, m. o. Sept, 24, 1864. Clark Thos, e, Sept. 7, 1861. Colborough J. H, e. Sept. 7, 1861, vet., m. o. July 12, 1865, as sergt. Crouch H. D. e. Sept. 7, 1861. Dielaey J. C. e. Sept. 24, 1861, m. o. Sept. 23, 1864. Dawson D. H. e. Sept. 7, 1861, disd. July 21", 1862. Doughty Geo, J.e. Sept, 7, 1861, Devine Wm, e. Sept. 7, 1861, wd.and capt., m, o. Sept. 26, 1864. Dunlava John W. c. Sept. 12, 1861, vet., m. o. July 12, 1865, as sergt. EdgmgtonM. S. e. Sept, 7, 1861, disd. Finley Dennis, e. Sept, 24. 1861, vet., m.o. July 14, '65. Gaston N. e, Sept. 24, 1861. Hall James, e. Sept. 12, 1861, died at Camp Denison, Ohio. Hartnett John, e. Sept. 7, 1861, died at St. Louis, Jan. 13, 1862, ot wounds. Hore Wm. e.-Sept. 18, 1861, died at Corinth, Miss. Jenness G. B. e. Sept. 12, 1861, m. o. Sept. 12, 1864. Laphom Avery, e. Sept. 18. 1861, m. o. Sept. 17, 1864. Lee Louis H. e. Sept, 7, 1861, m. o, Sept. 13, 1864, Lemke H. C. e. Sept. 24, 1861, m. o. Sept. 23, 1864. Mangan Timothy, e. Sept. 24, 1861. Miller Jas. e. Sept, 24, 1861, desrtd. Miner Chas. E. e. Sept. 12, 1861, vet., m.o. July i2,'6s. Moore 0. A. e. Sept. 7, i86r, trans, vet. res. corp. Newton John.e, Sept. 7, 1861, vet., ni. o. July 12, '65. Northrup Chas. L. e. Sept. 7, disd. June 9, 1862. Story James, Jr., e. Sept. 12, 1861, m. o. Sept. 17, '6 1 y Corpl. John H. Wagner, e. Aug. 13, 1862, private, kid. near Dallas, Ga., May 28, 1864, ^""cian Prescott Talcott, e. Aug. 14, 1862, trans, to ,,^ V. R. C. March 13, 1863. Wagoner Felix O'Hair, e, 10, 1865. Austin H. C. e. Aug. 13, 1862, m. u. June 10, 1865, as sergt. Boormaster John, e. Aug. 9, 1862, disd. April 6, 1863, disab, o :^i ^ i- , .3, 3i4tteriield L. e. Aug. n, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. blackburn John, e. Aug. 11, 1862, m. o. June xo, 1865. lieard David, e. Aug. 13, 1862, kid. at Atlanta, Ga., Aug. 12, 1864. Brown John, e. Aug. 14, 1862, trans, to V. R. C. July I, 186^. Betmen C. e. Aug. 14, 1862, m. 0. June 10, 1865. crayton R. e. Aug. 14, 1863, m. o, June 10, 1865, as corpl. * ?'Hair, e, Aug. g, 1862, m. o. June Bartlett A. W. e. Aug. 15, 1862, disd. March 25, 1863, disab. Carman John, e. Aug. 8, 1862, disd. Feb. 14, '63, disab. Cowan Samuel A. e. Aug. 11, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865, as corpl. Cook Wm. e. Aug. n, 1862, disd. March 23, '63, disab. Campbell James J, e. Aug. 12, 1862, m. o, June 10, '65, as corpl. Currier L. e. Aug. 14, 1862, disd. Dec. 30, 1863, disab. Countryman S. e, Aug. 14, 1862, disd. April 11, 1863, disab. Clancy Geo. H. e. Aug. iSi 1862, died at Bowling Green, Ky., Nov. 22, 1862. Cox H. S. e. Aug. 14, 1862, trans, to Vet, Res. Corps. Edmond John, e. Aug. 14, 1862, missing in action at Stone River, Tenn., Dec, 31, 1862. Emerson Chas. F. e. Aug. 15, 1862, disd. Feb. 28, 1863, disab. Francis James, e. Aug. 12, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. Fridley David, e. Aug. 14, 1862, m. o, June 10, 1865. Gifford J. B. e. Aug. 12, 1862, corpl., died in Tenn. Feb. 6, 1864, Gannon Thos. e. Aug. 13, 1862, desrtd. Oct. 3, 1863. Griswold Wm. M. e, Aug. 14, 1863, trans, to V. R. C. July 1, 1863. Herbert M. L. e. Aug. 11, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865, Hull Royal H. e. Aug. 14, 1862, m. o. June 10 1865. Hall Geo, B. e. Aug. 11, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. Herbert Henry, e. Aug. 15, 1863, disd. Feb. 14, 1863, disab. Jones Benj. e. Aug. 11, 1862, died in Tenn. Mar. 3, '63. King James, e, Aug. 11, 1862. m. o, June 10, 1865. Kelly John, e, Aug. 11, 1862, m, o. June 17, 1865, prisoner of war. Kelly Michael, e. Aug. n, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. Kennedy James M. e. Aug. 13, 1862, m, o, June 10. 1865, as sergt. Keiley Henry, e. Aug. 13, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. Knodle Wm. H. e. Aug. 14, 1862, m, o. June 22, 1865. Knodle Wesley, e. Aug, 14, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. Lithtizer Robt. A. e. Aug. 9, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. Lynch James, e. Aug. 12, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. Lyman A, F. e, Aug. 14, 1862. disd. July 2, '64, disab. McNames J. e. Aug. g, 1862, disd. March 16, '63, disab. Mattmiller John, e, Aug. 13, 1862, corpl., trans, to V. R, C, March 12, 1864. Mattmiller A, e, Aug. 13, 1862, disd. March 15, 1863, disab. McGibbons E. e. Aug. 13, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. Marks Hiram, e. Aug. 13, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865, as corpl. McCue Michael, e. Aug. 13, 1862, kid. at Kenesaw Mountain, June 27, 1864. Moore Jesse D. e. Aug. 13, 1862, m. o, June 10, 1865. Morrow James, e. Aug. 14, 186', m. o. June. 10, 1865. McGoff John, e. Aug. 15, 1862, disd_. May 18, '64, wds. Morris Patrick, e. Aug. 15, 1862, disd. Jan. 30, 1863, disab. O'Brien Daniel, e. Aug. 13, 1862, m. o. May 29, 1865. Patrick Sylvester, e. Aug. 13, 1862, m. O.June 10, 1865. Petrie George, e. Aug. 13, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865, as corpl. Phillips James, e. Aug. 12, 1862, trans, to 36th III. Inf, June 7, 1865, Powers Thos. e. Aug. 13, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. Resen Wm, e. Aug. 9, 1862, kid. near Resaca, Ga., May 15, 1864, Ransom Ira, e. Aug;. 11, 1862, disd, Feb. 5, 1863, disab. Rinehart Ira, e. Aug. 13, 1862, m. o. May 17, 1865, Seyster Joshua, e. Aug. 13, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. Stout Daniel, e. Aug. 11, 1862, trans, to Pioneer Corps, July 27, 1864, Steffa Daniel, e. Aug. 13, 1862, disd. Jan. 13, '63, disab. Spreaker Geo, e. Aug. 13, 1862, disd, March 12, 1863. Stewart D. J. e. Aug. 14, 1862, corpl., disd, March 5, 1865, wds. Shott James, e, Aug, 14, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. Skaden James, e, Aug. 14, 1862, desrtd. Dec. 15, 1862. Teckmire F. e. Aug, 12, 1862, kid. at Stone River Dec. 51, 1862, Williams Wm. e. Aug. g, 1862, disd. Jan. 15, '63, disab. Wertb ack A. M. e. Aug. 9, 1862, disd, March 4, 1865, disab. Williamson Caleb, e. Aug. 9, 1862, disd. Dec. 27, 1862, disab. Williamson Wm. M. e. Aug. g, 1862, m. o. June io,*65. Whitters James, e. Aug. 9, 1862, desrtd. March 28, '64.. Waite P. G. e. Aug, 14, 1862, disd, March 3, '63, disab. . Waldie John G. e, Aug, 11, 1863, m.o. June 10, 1865, as sergt. 406 OGLE COUNTY WAE EECOED. Wiley A. F. e. Aug. 12, 1862, m. 0. June 10, 1865, wd. Wilson J. H. e. Aug. 15, 1862, sergt., died June 30, '64, of wds. received at Kenesaw. Ward Chas. H. e, Aug. 15, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. Ward Harvey, e. Aug. 15, 1862, kid. Dec. 31,1862. Wing David E. e. Aug. 15, 1862, m. o. July 22, 1865, prisr. war. Warner S. C. e, Aug. 15, 1862, trans, to V. R. C. Aug. 13, 1864. Wileson Jacob, e. Aug. 11, 1862, died July 21, 1864, in Andersonville Prison, McCaig John, e. Feb. 24, 1865, trans, to 36th I. V. I. Company K, Briggs Wheeler, e. Aug. 7, '62, disd. Mch. 24,'63,disab, Hillebrand H, e. Aug. 5, 1862, m.o. May 10, 1865, wd. Mowess George A. e. Aug. 5, 1862, trans, to V. R. C. March 16, 1865. Scott John N.e. Aug. 7, 1862, trans, to V. R, C. Mch, 15, 1864. Shreeve Chas. <=. Aug. 7, 1862, kid. in action June 27, 1864. White Wm. e. Aug. 7, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. Wilmarth C, H. e. Aug. 7, 1862, trans, to V. R. C, Aug. I, 1863. Wortman Geo. B. e. Aug, 7, 1862, died Dec. 6, 1862, at Nashville, Tenn. 75th Infantry. The Seventy-fifth Infantry Illinois Volunteers was organized at Dixon, Illinois, on the 2d day of Septem ber, 1862, by Colonel George Ryan, Ordered to Louisville, Kentucky, September 27. Was brigaded with the Thirtieth Brigade, Colonel Post ; Ninth Division, General Mitchell, of Buell's army. October i, marched in pursuit of Bragg, October 8, engaged in the battl of Chaplain Hills, losing 47 killed, 166 wounded, and 12 prisoners. Marched to Crab Orchard, Colonel Woodruff assuming command of the Division. Returned, via Lebanon and Bowling Green, to Nashville — General Jeff, C. Davis taking command ofthe Division. Encamped four miles from Nashville, on the Lebanon pike, November 7, 1862, since which time no historical' memoranda has been furnished. Mustered out June 12, 1865, at Camp Harker, Tenn., and arrived at Chicago, June 15, 1865, where the regi ment received final payment and discharge. Company E. Barker Geo. H. e, Aug. 14, 1862, trans, to Mississippi Marine Brigade, Jan. 13, 1863. Company F. Griswold Chas. e. Aug. 21, 1862, desrtd. Sept. 10, 1862, Company G. Capt. David Sanford, com., ist lieut, Sept. 2, 1862. Prmtd. capt. Dec. ig, 1862. Res. June 13, 1862. First Lieut. Wm. Vance, e. as corpl. Aug. 12, 1862. Prmtd. 2d lieut. Dec. 19, 1862. Prmtd. ist lieut. April 29, 1863. M, o. June 12, 1865. Sergt, Wm. Taylor, e, Aug. 12, 1862, died, Tenn., March 12, 1863. Sergt. Jos, Muma, e. Aug. 12, 1862, trans, to V. R. C. July I, 1865. Corpl. J. Schrock, c. Aug. 12, 1862, disd. April 6, 1864, as sergt. Corpl. W. Gilbert, e. Aug. 12, 1862, died Tenn., Mch. 19, 1863. Corpl. Caleb Forbes, e. Aug. 12, 1862, kid. at Perry ville, Ky., Oct. 8, 1862. Artz David, e, Aug. 12*62, trans, to V.R.C. Aug, i,'63. Atwood Oren, e. Aug. 12, 1862, disd. Jan. 22, 1863. Bly R. e. Aug. 12, 1862, kid. Oct. 8, 1862, Clark Wm. W. e. Aug. 12, 1862, died Feb. 6, i%6-^. Cole Wm. C. e. Aug. 12, 1862, corpl., trans, to V.R.C. Sept, I, 1863. Davis Jas. e. Aug. 12, 1862, m. o. June 12, 186",-. Fill Geo. e. Aug. 12, 1862, absent, sick at m. o. Forbes Wm. D. e. Aug. 13, 1863, disd. Fob. i8, 1865. Ferguson John, e. Aug. 12, 1862, trans, to V. R, C. Oct. 10, 1864. Frost Henry, e. Aug. 12, 1862, kid.. Ky., Oct. 8, 1862. Gibson T. e. Aug. 12, 1862, m. o. June 12, 1865. Hitchcock — , e. Aug. 12, 1862. m. o. June 12. 1865. Heakert A. A. e. Aug. 12, 1862, m. o. June 12, 1865. Larry E. J. e. Aug. 12, 1862. corpl., trans, to V. R. C. Sept 30, 1864. Leonard B. e. Aug. 12, i86z, m. o, June 12, 1865. Mugan M. e. Aug. 12, 1862, m. o. June 12, 1865. Mugan Thos. e. Aug. 12, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1865. Mos rove Wm. e. Aug. 12,1862, trans, to Eng, Corps July 27, 1864. Piper Sam 1, e, Aug. 12, 1862, died Tenn. Dec. i, 1862. Reed Gilbert, e. Aug. 12, 1862, trans, to V, R, C. Sept. I, 1863. Reed A, e Aug. 12, 1862, trans, to V.R.C. Sept. i,'63. Smith Rush, e. Aug. 12, 1862, died May 16, 1864. Stevens John S. e. Aug. 12, 1862, died Tenn,, March 17, 1863. Shevelain Dan'l E. e. Aug. 12. 1862, corpl., Dec, io,'62. Stratton Sam'l, e. Aug. 12, 1862, on furlough at m. 0. of regt, Taylor R. e. Aug. 12, 1862, died Jan. 26, 1863. Tenn, Taylor Jas, e. A' g. 12, 1862, disd. Feb. 15, 1863. Williams M. e. Aug. 12, 1862, desrtd. Dec. 10, 1862. Wright A. A. e. Aug. 12, 1862, trans, to V. R, C. Dec. I, 1863. Wade M. e. Aug. 12, 1862, kid. Ky., Oct. 8, 1862. Wood Ruggles, e. Aug. 12, 1862, m, o. June 12, 1865. Elliott Sam'l, e. Jan. 4, 1864, corpl. , trans, to 4th A. C. June 7. 1865. Elliott Levi, e. Jan. 2, 1864, corpl, , trans, to 4th A. C. June 7, 1865. Elliott Henry, e, Jan, 5, 1864, trans, to 4th A. C. June 7i 1865, Elliott A. W, e. Feb. 15, 1865, m. o. July 17, 1865. Elliott Benj. e. Feb. 15, 1865, trans, to 4th A. C. June 7, 1865. Elliott Franklin, c. Feb. 15, 1865, trans, to 4th A. C. June 7, 1865. George Jacob, e, Jan. 4, '64, dird Tenn., May -10, '65. Hunter B. S. e. Jan, 4, 1864, trans, to 4th A. C, June 7, 1865. Keen A. e. Dec. 28, 1863, vet., trans, to 4th A. C. June 7, 1865. Rowley R. e. Jan. 4, 1864, died Feb. 19, 1865. Shottenkirk C. T. e. Jan. 4, 1864, trans, to 4th A. C. June 7, 1865. Company H. Sergt. Alfred Cantelo, c. Aug, 12, 1862, disd. Feb. 25, 1863, disab. .Sergt. Samuel M. Tracey, c. Aug. 12, 1862, disd. Aug. 5, 1863, as priv. disab. Blaney John V. e. Aug, 12, '62, disd. Feb. i,'64, disab. Bates Edw. e. Aug. 12, 1862, m. o, June 12, 1865. Cherry Jas. D,e. Aug. 12,1862, died of wounds received in battle. Douglas E.e. Aug. 12, 1862, died of wounds received in battle. Hicks M. C. e. Aug. 12, 1862, died Tenn,, Feb. 2i,'63. Leidy John C. e. Aug. 12, 1862, m, o. June 12, 1865. Sutler S. G. e. Aug. 12, 1862, trans, to Eng. Corps July 17. 1864. Talstead M. c. Aug. 12, 1862, trans, to Inv.Corps July I. 1863. Wood John, e. Aug. 12, 1862, trans, to Inv. Corps July I, 1863. Steele David, e. Aug. i2,'62, severely wd. Oct. 8, 1862. Williams Geo. e. Aug. 12, 1862, kid. Ky., Oct. 8, i86a. Cummings John B. e. Dec. 26, 1863. Rinker E. W. e. Dec. 26, 1863. Matthews Jas. e. Oct. 10, 1864. 92d Infantry. The Ninety-second Regiment Infantry Illinois Vol unteers was organized at Rockford. Illinois, and mus tered into United States service September 4, 1862. It was composed of five companies from Ogle County, three from Stephenson County, and two from Carroll County. The regiment left Rockford October n, 1862, with orders to report to General Wright, at Cincinnati, where it was assigned to General Baird's Division, Army of Kentucky. It marched immediately into the interior OREGON OGLE COUHTr WAE EECOED. 409 of the state, and during the latter part of October was stationed at Mt. Sterling, to guard that place against rebel raids, and afterwards at Danville, Kentucky, On a6th January, 1863, the regiment, with General Baird's Division, was ordered to the Army of the * um- beriand. Arriving at Na.shville, tbe command moved to Franklin, Tennessee, and was engaged in the pursuit of the rebel General Van Dorn. Advanced to Mur freesboro, and occupied Shelbyville June 27, On July 5, regiment was engaged in rebuilding wagon bridge over Duck River, July 6, was ordered by General Rosecrans to be mounted and armed with the Spencer rifle, and attached to Colonel Wilder's Brigade of Gen eral Thomas' Corps, where it remained while Gener?l Rosecrans had command. The regiment crossed the mountains at Dechard, Tennessee, and took part in the movements opposite and above Chattanooga, when it recrossed the mountains and joined General Thomas, at Trenton, Alabama. On the morning of gth September it was in the ad vance to Chattanooga, and participated in driving the rebels from Point Lookout, and entered the rebel strong hold, unfolding the Union banner on the Crutchfield House, and kept in pursuit of the rebels. At Ringgold, Georgia, was attacked by a brigade of cavalry, under command of General Forrest, and drove them from the town, killing and wounding a large number. During the Chicamauga battle, the regiment took part in General Reynolds Division of General Thomas' Corps. In April, 1864, it was again at Ringgold. Georgia, doing picket duty. April 23, Captain Scovil, with twenty-one men, was captured at Nickajack Gap, nine miles from Ringgold, and one man killed. Of the men thus taken prisoners, twelve were shot down, and six died of wounds, after being taken priscners. The remainder were taken to Andersonville; and very few ever left that place, hav- ingdied from the cruel treatment received there. From Ringgold, May 7, 1864, the regiment entered upon the Atlanta Campaign, and was assigned to Gen eral Kilpatrick's command, and participated in the bat tles of Resaca, raid around Atlanta, Bethesda, Fleet River Bridge, and Jonesboro. The regiment lost, at Jonesboro, one fifth ofthe men engaged. From Mount Gilead Church, west of Atlanta, October i, the regi ment moved, and took active part in the operaiions against Hood's Army. At Powder Springs, it had a severe en*- agement, losing a large number of men , killed and wounded. The regiment then returned to Mari etta, and participated in the various engagements and skirmishes in Sherman's March to the Sea. At Swift Creek, N. C, Captain Hawk, Company C, was severely wounded, losing a leg. The regiment, during its term of service, was in some forty battles and skirmishes. It was mustered out at Concord, North Carolina, and paid and discharged from the service at Chicago, Illinois, July 10, 1865. Lieutenant Colonel Benj. F. Sheets, com. Sept. 4, 1862. Res. April 21, 1864. Lieutenant Colonel Matthew Van Buskirk, com. capt. Co. E Sept. 4, 1862. Prmtd, lieut;. col, April 21, 1864, Mustered out June 21, 1865. Major Albert Woodcock, com. capt. Co. K Sept. 4, 1862. Prmtd. maj. April 21, 1864. M, o, June 21, 1865, Quartermaster Geo. W. Marshall, com. Sept. 4, 1862. Prmtd. by president. Surgeon Chnton Helm, com. Sept. 4, 1862. Mustered out June 21, 1865. First Assistant Surgeon Thos. Winston, com. Sept. 4, 1862. Res. July 24, 1864. Sergeant Major Edwin A. Yontz, m.o, June 21, 1S65. Commiifsary Sergeant Geo. W. Fouke, m, o. June 21, '65. Hospital Steward David B. Turney, absent, sick at m. o. of regt. Company B. Capt, Wilbur W. Dennis, com. Sept. 4, 1862. Resigned Jan, 23, 1863. Capt. Horace J. Smith, com, ist lieut. Co. K Sept. 4, 1862. Prmtd. capt. Co. B Jan. 23, 1863. M. o. June 21, 1865. First Lieut. Wm. H. Crowell, com. Sept. 4, 1862. Re- signed Feb. 16, 1863. Firet Lieut. Henry C, Cooling, e. as ist sergt. Aug. 11, 1862. Prmtd. ist lieut. Feb. 16, 1863. M. o. June 21, 1865. Second Lieut, Ephriam F. Buder, com. Sept. 4. 1862. Resigned fan. 23, 1863. Sergt. Samuel H. Mix, e. Aug. g, 1862, disd. Oct. 7, 1864, disab. Sergt. Wm. F.Canipbell, c. Aug. 12, 1862, kid. in Ga. Oct, 3, 1864. Sergt. Wm. H. Brown, e. Aug. 12, 1862, m. 1863. Wagoner Thos. Coggins, c. Aug. 11, 1862, disd. March 20, 1863. Arnold W. A. e. Aug. g, '62, died in Tenn. Aug. i6,'63. Anderson G. W. e. Aug. 12, 1862, in. o. June 21, 1865. Bissell A. e. Aug. 12, 1862, m. o. June 21, 1865. Brooks E. e. Aug. 13, 1863, m. o. June 21, 1865, corpl- Baker C. e. Aug. 11, 1862, m.o. June 31, '65, as cbrpl. OGLE COUNTY WAE EECOED. 4l3 BlyWm. ,M. c. Aug. ii, 1862, m.o. June 24, 1863, was prisr. Bissell £. S. e. Aug. 11, 1862, m. 0. June 21, 1865. Boyd John C. e. Aug. 8, 1862, m. o. June 21, 1865. Clark Wm. F. e. Aug. 12, 1862, m. o. June 21, 1865. Comstock S. H. e. Aug. 9, 1862, deserted in April, '63. Coddington Jas. e. Aug. it, 1862, m. o. June 21, 1865. Carter T. W. e. Aug. 11, 1862, disd. April 22, 1865. Carpenter John H. e. Aug. 11, 1862, m. o, June 21, '65. Clark Wm. H. e. Aug. 11, 1862, m. o. June 21, 1865. Cox Wm. H. e. Aug. 13, 1862, in. o. June 21, '65, corpl. Crosby Robert, e. Aug. 14, 1862, m. o. June 21, 1865. Chaney Jos. e. Aug. 11, 1862, m. o. Junf 21, 1865. Delair Edw. e. Aug. 12,1862, m.o. June 21, 1865. Davis N. e. Aug. 15, '62, m. o. June 14, '65, prisr. war. Edmonds H. P. e. Aug. II, 1862, m.o. June 21, 1865, as corpl. Frost J. B. e. Aug. 11, 1862, m. o. June 21, 1865. Fish John S. e. Aug. ii, 1862, disd. May 15, 1863. FalknerC. S. e. Aug. 11, 1862, kid. Feb. 11, 1863. Ferris C. H. e. Aug. 11, 1862, m. o. June 21, 1865, corpl. Frane Jacob, Tr. e. Aug. 20, 1862, absent, wd. at m. o. Gibson John W. e. Aug. 12, 1862, m. o. June 21, 1865. Hill J. A. e. Aug, 12, '62, m. o. June 24, '65, prisr. war. Hills Wm. A. e. Aug. g, 1862, murdered by enemy April 23, 1864. Harrington E. D. e. Aug. 11, 1862, died Oct. 4, 1864. Hewitt Samuel, e. Aug. 11, 1862, disd. July 16, 1863. Hardemar Jas. e. Aug. 12, 1862, m.o. June 21, 1865. Hedrick W. J. e. Aug. 13, 1862, m. o. June 21, 1865. Kendrick D. M. e. Aug. ii,'62, died in Ky. Feb. 18, '63. Kenney E. e. Aug. 11, 1862, m. o. June2i, 1865. Merritt Jas. M. e. Aug. 8, 1862, m. o.' June 21, 1863. Marlarky P. e. Aug. 11, 1862, m. o. June 21, 1863. McKerry H. M. e. Aug. 11, 1862, m. o. June 21, 1863. Meddler John L.e. Aug. 11, 1862, m. o. June 21, 1865. Mondebaugh S. J. e. Aug. 11, 1862, died at Danville, Ky., Dec. IS, 1S62. Mullen John M.e. Aug. 11, 1862, m. o. June 21, 1865. Miller S. V. e. Aug. 11, 1862, disd. B"eb. 16, 1S63. March A. e. Aug. 12, 1862, m. o. June 21, 1863. Marlarky Jas. e. Aug. 12, 1862, m. o. June 21. 1863. Murray Wm. e. Aug. 9, 1862, disd. July 16, 1863. McClain A e. Aug. 14, 1862, m. o. June 21, 1865, as wagoner. March C. T. e. Aug. 12, 1862, m. o. June 21, 1865, corpl. Martin Anson, e. Aug. 8, 1862, disd. Sept. iz, 1862. Morrison Robt. e. Aug. 13. 1862. m. o. June 21, 1863. Ott Andrew, e. Aug. 13, 1862, disd. Feb. 2, 1863. Potter Chas. R. e. Aug. it, 1862, m. o. June 21, 1865- Runyon L. C. e. Aug. 11, i86z, m. o. June 21, 1863. Rowland Alex. e. Aug. 11, 1862, disd. June 15, 1863. Russell H. A. e. Aug. 9, 1862, died in Ky. Feb. 17, 63. Revelle Wallace, e. Aug. ti, 1862, m. o. June 10, 1863, was prisr. Rowe E. S. e. Aug. 12, 1862, kid. Oct. 3, 1864. Rodermel R. J. e. Aug. 13, 1863, m. o. June 21, 1863. Stewart Jos. e. Aug. 11, 1862, disd. March 4, 1865. Scoville A. W. e. Aug. 8, 1862, disd. Jan. 3, 1864. Stroh M. e. Aug. 11, 1862, m. o. June 21, '63, as corpl. Stolhut Aug. e. Aug. 11, 1862. died Nov. 23, 1864. Speraw Wm. S. e, Aug. 11, 1862, m. o. June 21, 1863. Skiff Wm. T. e. Aug. ii, 1862, disd. April 9, 1S63. Scoville H. T. e. Aug. 13, 1862, disd. Feb. 2, 1863. Sheets Wm. H. e. Aug. 13, 1862, m. o. June 24, 1863, was prisr. Tyler Samuel T. e. Aug. 13, 1862, disd. Feb. 21, 1863. Trask Edw. O. e. Aug. 9, 1862, m. o. June 21, 1863, as 1st sergt. Wilson D. H. e. Aug. 12, 1862, m. o. June 21, 1863. Walkup L. e. Aug. 11, 1862, disd. March 23, 1863. Withers E. G. e. Aug. 11, 1862, disd. Aprii 9, 1863. Webb Howley, e. Aug. 12, m. o. June 21, 1865. Wood N. e. Aug. 13, 1862, died in Ky. Jan. 2, 1863. Wood G. A. e. Aug. 14, 1862, disd. March 21, 1863. Zimmerman J, B. e. Aug. 11, 1862, m. o. June 21, '65. Atwood Enoch, e. Dec. 13, '63, trans, to Co. I, 63th 111. Arty Samuel, e. March 6, 1863, trans, to Co. I, 63th 111. Bigham J. e. Nov. 17, 1863, trans, to Co. I, 63th 111. Black Wm. m, o. June 21, 1865. Crouch F. L. e. Oct. 7. 1864, trans, to Co. I, 63th 111. Coddington H. e. March 6, '63, trans, to Co. I, 65th 111. Fox Edwin, e. Feb. 10, 1865, trans, to Co. I, 6sth 111. Gage.Geo. H. e. Feb. i^, 1865, trans, to Co. I, 65th 111. Goodrich John B. e. Jan. 4, '64, trans, to Co. 1 , 65th 111. Kemp A. L. e. March 6. 1863, trans, to Co. I, 65th III. Lewis H. W. e. Jan. 25, 1864, trans, to Co. I, 63th 111. Lewis B. H. e. Jan. 25, 1864, trans, to Co. I, 65th 111. Latham A. W. e. Feb. s, 1864, trai.s. to Co. I, 65th 111. March A, P. e. Oct. 4, 1862, trans, to Co. I, SsCh 111. McCamond Jacob, Feb. 10, '63, trans, to Co. 1, 6sth HI. McCallister J. e. Feb. 10, 1865, trans, to Co. I, 65th 111. Odell L. R. e. Feb. 9, 1864, trans, to Co. I, 63th 111. Odell Wm. H. Feb. 9, 1864, trans, to Co. I, 63th 111. Payles John R. e. Oct. 7, 1864, trans, to Co. I, 65th 111. Pratt Geo. e. Feb. 24, 1865, trans, to Co. I, 65th 111. Rodeker Chis. e. Oct. 7, 1864, trans, to Co. I, 65th III. Robinson Jesse, Oct. 4, 1862, kid. Dec. 4, 1864. Sheldon H. F. e. Jan. 23, 1864, died. Oct. 11, '64, wds. Turney D. B. prmtd. Hospital Stewart. Tracy C. L. e. Feb. 9, 1864. trans, to Co, I, 6sth 111. Taylor A. R. e. Feb. 10, 1865, trans, to Co. I, 6sth 111. Taylor Wm. L. e. Feb. 10, '6s, trans, to Co. I, 6sth 111. Wheeler A. e. Jan. 23, 1864, trans, to Co. I, 6sth 111. Walker John, e. Jan. 5, 1864, trans, to Co. I, 6sth 111. Walkup John, e. March 6, '65, trans, to Co. I, 63th 111. Atwood P. H. e. Feb. 24, 1863. Artz W, J. e. Feb. 2, 1863, m. o. May 21, 1863. Artz Rufus B. e. Feb. 2, 1863, m. o. May 21, 1863. Burnham J. M. e. Feb. 24, 1863, m. o. May 29, 1863. Doane N. e. Oct. 7, 1864. Gay Porter, discharged. Hunt Wm. W. e. Feb. 13, 1863, m. o. May 21, 1863. Tagney John, Oct. 14, 1864. 140th Infantry (100 days.) NoTK. — Adjutant General's reports give no history of 140th Regiment. Company H. Capt. George E. Turkington, com. Jan. i8, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. First Lieut. John McLindsley, com. Jan. 18, 1864, m. u. Oct. 29, 1864. Second Lieut. Jabob Fesley, com. Jan. 18, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. First Sergt. I. T. Kughlar, e. May 3, 1864, m. o. Oct. 20, 1864. Segt. Jas. M. Walker, e. May 10, '64, m. o. Oct. 29 '64. Segt. Sam'l Confer, e. May 7, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Segt. W. G. Willard, e. May 14, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, '64. Segt. F. }i. Goddard, e. May 4, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, '64. Corpl. Flevious J. Knepper, e. May s, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Corpl. Lewis Wood, e. May 3, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Corpl. Jas. O. McCanoughy e. May 3, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Corpl. Jno. H. Sanders, e. May3, '64, m. 0. Oct. 29, '64. Corpl. I. Throop, e. May 14, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Corpl. A. B. Van Nuys, e. May 9, '64, m. o. Oct. 29, '64. Corpl. Chas. Griswold, e. May 3, '64, m. o. Oct. 29, '64. Corpl. C. W. Gibson, e. May 14, '64, m. o. Oct. 29, '64. Musician W. W. Ackerson, e. May 7, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864, as fife major. Musician H. R. May,e. May 3, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, '64. Brundage Samuel, e. April 28, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Bailey Geo. e. May 14, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Burroughs M. J. e. May 7, 1S64, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Cook John A. e. May 7, 1864, m o. Oct. 29, 1864. Cartwright Jos. e. May 12, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Campbell Wm, e. May 7, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Cady P. e. May 7, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Fox S. S. e. May 7, 1864, m o. Oct. 29, 1864. Flynn J. e. May 14, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Gage Chester, e. May 7, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Hardesty M. e. May 12, 1864, m. o. Oct 29, 1864. Paddock J. e. May 14, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Perry C. e. May 7, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Rodgers C. e. May 7, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Wood Lyman, e. May 14, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Barey M. e. May 14, i854, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Blood H. J. e. May 14, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Coolbaugh H. C. e. May 3, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Downey H. e. May 14, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Eyster Jos. M. c. May 3, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Ebel C. e. May 14, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Eyster C. L. e. May 14, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Ferris Geo. S. e. May 5, 1864 m. o. Oct. 18, 1864, wd. Freeman E. C. e. May 14, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Griffith Geo. H. e. May 14, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Grant Jno. D. e. May 14, i854, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Griswold A. e. May 7, 1864, m. 0. Oct. 29, 1804. Hamaker Jacob, e. May 14, 1854. m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Hare Geo. e. May 3, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, i8''4. Heagany Peter, e. May 10, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Half rd F. D. e. May 10, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Hostrauser i.eo. e. May 7, 1864, m. 0. Oct. 39, 1864. 414 Ogle oouNTf wae eecokd. Keiley James, e. May 12 1864. m. o. Oct. 2g, 1864. Kendrick E. J. e. Aug, 14, 1864, died at Memphis July 12, 1864, Kuglar Jos. e. May 7, 1864, m. o, Oct, 2g, 1864. Long John. e. May 10, 1864, m. o, Oct. 29, 1864, Marshall W. H. e. May 7, 1864, m. o. Oct. 2g, 1864. McDermott John, May 14, 1864, m. o. Oct, 2g, 1864. McCann John M. e. May 14, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Myers O. C. e. May 3, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, '64, as corpl. Orcutt Jacob H. e. May 3, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Place Henry, e. May 14, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Patterson C. W. e. May 14, 1864, m. o, Oct, 29, 1864. Parker Henry, e. May 3, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Randall O. R. e. May 10, 1864, m. o. Oct, 29, 1864, Rodgers W, O. e. May 14, 1864, m. o, Oct. 29, 1864, Reed O, e. May 14, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Rapp Lewis, e. May 14, 1864, m.o. Oct. 29, 1864, Russell James L. e. May 3, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Smith Amos, e. May 10, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Summer Peter, e. May 14, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864, Scott Jos. S. e. May 14. 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Steuben George W. e. May 10, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Bitterly Emory, e. May 10, 1864, m, o. Oct. 2g, 1864, Somers John, e. May 14, 1864, m, o. Oct, 29, 1864. Throop A, e. May 14, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Ure Wm. e. May 14, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Williams L. J. e. May 7, 1864, m. o, Oct, 29, 1864, Wheeler A. J. e. May 3, 1864, m, o, Oct, 2g, 1864. Wheeler J, M. e. May 3, 1864, m. o, Oct. 2g, 1864. Willard J. R. e. May 7, 1864, m. o. Oct. 2g, 1864. Wagoner Norris Tracy, e. May 14, '64, m. o. Oct. 29, '64, Company I. Capt. James H. Cartwright, com. June 18, 1864, m. u. Oct. 29, 1864. * Second Lieut. John R. Petrie, com. June 18, 1864, m. o, Oct. 29, 1864. Sergt. A. Butterfield, c. April 28, 1864, m. u. Oct. 29, 1864. Sergt. W. E. A. McNeill, e. April 28, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864, wd. Serge. Samuel Wilson, e. April 28, '64, m. o. Oct. 29,'64. Sergt. Henry Stuart, e. April 28, '64, m. o. Oct. 29, '64. Corpl. Elijah Glasgow, e, April 28, 64, m, o, Oct, 29, '64. Corpl. A. E, Stroh, e. April 28, '64, m. o. Oct. 29, '64. Corpl. F. F. Skinner, e. April, 28, '64, m. o. Oct. 29,'64 Corpl. Patrick Kelly, c. April 28, '64, m, 0. Oct. 29,'64. Corpl. M. A. Swan, e, April 28, '64, m. o. Oct. 29, '64. Corpl. Jas. Smith, e. April 28, '64, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Corpl. E. Wolford, e. April 28, '64, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Musician Geo. C. Brayton, e. May 20, 1864, m. o. Oct. 2g, 1864. Musician Charles Faubel, e. May 20, 1864, m. 0. Oct. 2g, 1864. Burgess Jas. e. May 20, 1864, m. o Oct. 2g, 1864. Burright John D. e. April 28, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Bly Henry, e, April 28, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Burright W. B. e. April 28, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Blair Samuel R. e. April 28, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Buckley A. R. e. May 20, 1864, m. o. Oct. 2g, 1864. Castle Daniel, e. April 28, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Cook Henry, o. May 30, 1864, m. o. Oct- 2g, 1864. Case C. W. e. April 28, 1864, m. o. Oct. 2g, 1864. Currier L. e. May 20, 1864, m. o. Oct. 2g, 1864. Cavett R. e. April 28, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Davis Samuel. Davis Geo. W, e. April 28, 1864, m, o. Oct. 29, 1864. Davis L. L. e. April 28, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. De Lee Geo, H. e. April 28, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Elliott F. e. May 28, 1864, m. o. Oct. 16, 1864. Frothingham C. W. e. April 28, 1864, died at Camp Fry, HI., Sept. 27, 1864. Fuller J. F. e. April 28, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Grove I, e. April 28, 1864, m. o, Oct. 29, 1864. Getling Wm. C. e. April 28, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Gitchell D. e. April 28, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Graham C. F. e. May 20, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Hicks A. A. e. April 28, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Hoffman John, e. April 28, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Hoose Chas. e. May 20, 1^864, m. o. Oct, 29, 1864. Harris Monroe, e. April 28, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Hedrick C. O. e. April 28, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Hetrick A. M. e. April 28, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Holmes D. e. May 20, '64, died at Memphis, July 11, '64. Holmes Wm. H. e. April 28, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Jones H. S. e. April 28, 1864, m. 0. Oct. 29, 1864. Jewett Thos. A. e. April 28, 1864, m. o, Oct. 29, 1864, Johnson C. W. e. April 38, 1864, m. o. Oct, 39, i86<^. Longsdon E. e. April 28, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Larew John H. e. April 28, 1864, m, o. Oct. 29, 1864. Lawrence O. B. e. April 28, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Marshall G. W. e. May 20, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Moore J. D. e. May 20, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864, McCaig John, e, April 28, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Nicholas A, e. May 20, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. ' Oster John, e. May 20, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864, Potter L. D. e. April 28, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Petrie Chas. F. e. April 28, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29,1864. Palmer John, e. April 28, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Rosenson N. e. May 20, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Rine Benj. e. April 28, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Reynolds C. W. A. e. May i, 1864, m. o, Oct. 29, 1864. Stout Wm. M. e. April 28, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Sanford Jos. M. e. April 28, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Thompson W. e. May 20, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Wilson L, C e. April 28, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Weaver A. F. e. April 2S, 1864. m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. 142d Infantry (100 days,) The One Hundred and Forty-second Infantry Illinois Volunteers was organized at Freeport, Illinois, by Colonel Rollin V. Ankeney, as a battalion of eight com panies, and ordered to Camp Butler, Illinois, where two companies were added, and the regiment mustered June i8, 1864, for loo days. On 2ist of June, the regiment moved for Memphis, via Cairo and Mississippi River, and arrived on the 24th. On 26th, moved to White's Station, ii miles from Memphis, on the Memphis & Charleston Railroad, where it was assigned to guarding railroad. _ Mustered out of the United States' service October 27, 1864, at Chicago, Illinois. Lieut. Col. Martin D. Swift, com. June i8, 1864. Mustered out Oct. 27, 1864. Company D. Ciipt. Hernan A. Todd, com. June 18, 1864. Mustered out Oct. 27, 1864. First Lieut. A. A. Robertson, com. June 18, 1864. Mustered out Oct. 27, 1864. Second Lieut. Wm. H. Work, com. June 18, 1864. Mustered out Oct. 27, 1864. First Sergt. M. V. Saltzman, e. May g, 1864, m. 0. Oct. 26, 1864. Sergt. Wm. H. Miller, e. May 13, '64, m. o. Oct. 26,'64. Sergt. F. Little, e. May 16 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, i86a. Sergt. Wm. Thompson, e. May 10, '64, m. o. Oct. 26, 64. Sergt. Upton Wolf, e. May 9, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Coipl. C. Eyers, e. May 5, 1864, died at White Station, Tenn.. Sept. 8, 1864. Corpl. A. Gloss, e. May 6, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Corpl. R. N. Stevenson, e. May g, '64, m.o. Oct. 29,'64. Corpl. James Mock, e. May 12, 1864, m.o. Oct. 29. '64. Corpl. B. J. Fritz, e. May 16, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Corpl. J. H. Judson, e. May 9, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, '64. Corpl. W. M. Wilber, e. May 6, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, '64. Corpl. WmRobertson, e. May 4, '64, m.o. Oct. 29, '64. Musician OW. Ragon, c. May 4, '64, m.o, Oct. 26, '64. Altemeyer Wm. e. May 5, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Allen C. F. e. May 20. 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Ayers J. R. e. May 9, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Brontiier U. e. May 6, 1864, m, o. Oct. 26, 1864. Barnes R. e. May 6, 1864, m. 0. Oct. 26, 1864. Byers Geo. C. e. May 4, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864, Bowers E. G. e. May 5, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Boyer L. e. May 16, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Buck A. e. May 12, 1864, m. o. Oct, 26, 1864. Boewn R. C. e. May 10, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Barker Geo. W. e. May 6, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Bidlock E. e. May 16, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Connelly R. f. May 10, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Cahill U. e. May 14, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Coxnell J. A, e. May 16, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Cornealous S. e. May 4, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Ettenger John W. e. May 16, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26,1864- Faust H. E. e. May 11, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Funk W. N. e. May 10, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Fry Chris, e. May 4, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Finney Wm. e. May 16, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Geeting Geo. e. May 17, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Geeting Chas. A. e. May 10, 1864, m. o. Oct. a6, 1864. Garkey F. H. e. May 10, 1864, m. 0. Oct. 26, 1864. Hoffa Henry, e. May 6, 1864, m. o. Oct. 36, 1864. Hodsinger E, R. e. May 10, 1864, m. o. Oct. a6, i86|. OGLE coTnsrrr was. beooei*. 415 Hemping Daniel, e. May lo, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Hounsom H. e. May 10, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Horning Jos. M. e. May 14. 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Hicks P. M. e. May 16, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Heistang Henry, e. May 16, 1864, m; o. Oct. 26, 1864. HorraranT. e. May 10, 1864, m. o. Oct. 12, 1864. Hobbie Wm. H. e. May 20, 1864. m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Hurdle John, e. May 14, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Illingworth Wm. e. May g, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Israel Geo. e. May 16, 1864. m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Knodel John W. e. May -6, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Maysittes M. e. May 4, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. McClure Jas. e. May 14, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Myers Wm. e. May 14, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Mullen A. e. May 4, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Miller A. e. May 14, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Myers Samuel C. e. May 9, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. O'Neal Robert, e. May 16, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Parks Thomas, e. May 10, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Pyfer Fredk. e. May 16, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Paul Henry, e. May 4, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Piper J. M. e. May 10, 18641 m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Pouffenbarger John, e. May 20, '64, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Rodermel A. e. May 20, 1864, m, o, Oct. 26, 1864. Ragan Leroy, e. May 4, 1864, m, o. Oct. 26, 1863. Ragan Daniel, e. May 10, 1S64, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Rissinger A. S. e. May 10, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Richmond Jas. e. May 4, 1864, ra. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Robins Henry, e. May 16, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Ritz A. G. e. May 9, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Rogers John R. e. Mav 4, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. ShUey T. e. May 3, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Stuckenbarger H. F. e. May 16, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, '64. Tobias D. R. e. May 16, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. White Wm. e. May 21, 1864, m. o, Oct. 26, 1864. Winn E. A. e. May 4, 1864, m. 0. Oct. 26, 1864. Wilbur O. e. May 24, 1864, died at White Station, Tenn., Aug. 28, 1864. Wagner Henry, e. May 12, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Willard R. e. May 10, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Wilson Jas. e. May ix, 1864, m. 0. Oct. 26, 1864. YorkH. A. e. May 16, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Company I. Capt. John C. Coakley, com. June 18, 1864. M. o. Oct. 27, 1864. Second Lieut. D. H. Waterbury, com. June 18, 1864. M. o. Oct. 27, 1864. First Sergt. Orris Mosher, e. May 6, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864, as private. Sergt. Robt. Moscrip, e. May ii,'64, m. o. Oct, 26, '64, Sergt. H. H. Newcomer, e. May 26, 1864, m. o. Oct. 36, 1864. Corpl. Jos. Whitmore, c. May 8, 1864, m. 0. Oct. 26, 1864, as first sergt. Corpl. A. W. Fenton, e. May 6, '64, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Corpl. J. O. Thompson, e. May i, 1864, m. 0. Oct. 26, 1864, as private. Corpl. Edw. A. Bums, e. May 6, '64, m.o. Oct. 26, '64. CorpJ. Geo. W. Royce, e. May i6,'64, m, o. Oct. 26, '64. Musician Wesley Slingland, e. May 26, 1864, m.o. Oct. 26, 1864. Allen Chas. H. e. May 6, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Alsner Henry, e. May 10, 1864, m. o. Oct. *6, 1864. AlsnerWm. e. May 10, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Bates John E. e. May i, 1864, m.o. Oct. 26, 1864. Betts N. J. e. May g, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Bowers P. W. e.May 22, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. sergt. Bassett R. C. e. May 23, 1864, m. o, Oct. 26, 1864. Bryfogle Wm. e. May 2, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Cookley S. e. May i, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Donn F. W. e. May 19, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Doly J. e. May i, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864.. Evans M. e. May 30, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Flint J. B. e. May 6, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864.. Flint Wm. e. May i, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Greenhow Geo. e. May 21, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Jimmerson H. e. May i, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. James John A. e. May 15, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Jillson D. W.e. May 22, 1864, m.o. Oct. 26, 1864, corpl. Knock John H. e. May i, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Kenyon Peter, e. May 12, 1864, m. o. Oct. 36, 1864. Lowe Jerry, e. May 23, 1864, m. o.;, Oct. 20, 1864, for re-enlistment. Miller Jas. e. May 22. 1864, m. o, Oct. 36, 1864. .Matthews M. M, e. May 30, 1864, m.o. Oct. 26, 1864. Miller S. V.e. May 22, 1864, m. o. Oct. 26, 1864. Mitchell M. e. May 29, 1864, m. o. Oct. 36, 1864. Mason Chas. e. May 30, 1864, m. o. Oct. 36, 1864. Reed John M. e. May 13, 1864, m. 0. Oct. 26, 1864. Sweet Caleb, e. May 5, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Scott Peter, e. May 8, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Woodruff A. e. April 27, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Whitmore Chas. e. May 2, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Wilder Edw. e. May 2, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Yeakle Wm. e. May i, 1864, m. o. Oct. 29, 1864. Miscellaneous Infantry. nth Infantry. Capt. Ira Beddo, com. 2d lieut. Oct. 16, 1862. Prmtd. ist lieut. July 20,1864. Prmtd. capt. July 31, 1864. M. o. July 14, 1865. Sergt. Louis C. Blake, e. Nov. i, i86t, appointed sergt. maj. April i, 1862, prmtd, 2d lieut. Co. G. Bardwell John W. e. Aug. 10, 1861, prmtd. non-com. staff, disd, Aug. 10, 1864, term ex. Connor Pat'k, e. Oct. 23, 1861, died June 21, 1863. Clark Thos. W. e. Sept. 7, 1861, vet., died June 18, '64. Johnson Thos. Howard Matthew. e. Aug. 15, i86i,vet., trans. Mesick Jacob, e.Oct. g, 1861, disd. Feb. ig,i863, disab. Moore Edson E. e. Sept. 15,1861, disd. (as corpl.) Sept. 17, 1864, term ex. Rothenhicer Henry, e. Aug. 15, '61, died Oct. 20, '62. Hogaman Geo. e. Oct. 6, 1864, died July 14, 1864. Sweitzer Henry, e. Sept. 27, 1864, absent, sick at date of m. o. 44th Infantry. Crawford Levi L. c. Aug. j., 1861, died at Rolla, Mo., Nov. 28, 1861. 45th Infantry. Wade John H. e. Dec. 31, 1861. Foote A. T. e. Sept. 17, '61, vet., m. o. July 12, 1865. Lansing Austin, e. Sept. 17, 1861, trans, to Inv. Corps. Sept. 15, 1863. Dennis Ephriam, died. 58th infantry. Capt. James A. Bewley, com. Dec. 31, 1861, Kid. in battle of Shiloh. Edwards Hiram, e. Dec. 10, 1861, desrtd. Jan. 19,1862. Hager Joshua, e. Dec. 4, 1861, disd. March 3, '63, disab. Johnson Henry, e. Dec. 4, i86r, desrtd. Feb. 8, 1862. Bigham Sam'l, e. Oct. 30, 1861, trans, to Co- G Jan. 5, 1862, m. o. Feb. 7, 1865. Bigham Thos. e. Nov. 8. 1861. trans, to Co. G Jan. 5, 1862, disd. July 7, 1862, disab. Benson Alex. e. Oct. 3, 1861, trans, to Co. G Jan. 5, 1862, died in Miss., June 17, 1862. Barnum Hiram, e. Nov, 6, 1861, trans, to Co. G Jan. 5, 1862, died in Ga. Aug. 24, 1862. Banks S. e. Dec. g, t86i, trans, to Co. G Jan. 5, 1862, desrtd. Aug. 31, 1863. Colamore Wm. e. Oct. 20, 1861, trans, to Co. G Jan. 5, 1862, m. o. Feb. 7, 1865. Cody Chas. e. Nov. 21, 1863, trans, to Co. G Jan. 5, 1862, deserted Jan. 27, 1863. Clement Henry, e. Nov. 22, i86r, trans, to Co. G Jan. 5, 1862, died in Ga. Sept. 10, 1862, DraiceOliver, e, Nov. 15, 1861, trans, to Co. G Jan. 5, 1862, disd. Aug. 12, 1862, disab. Denn John H. e. Nov. 25, r86i, trans, to Co. G Jan. 5, 1862, died of wounds received at Shiloh. Kenson A. e. Dec. 11, 1861, trans, to Co. G Jan. 5, 1862, vet. Martell Matthew, c. Dec. 9, 1862, trans, to Co. G Jan. 5, 1862, vet. O'Hara Martin, e, Dec. 21, 1861, trans, to Co. G Jan. S, 1864, kid. at Shiloh April 6, 1862. Randall Simeon, e. Nov. 25, 1861. trans, to Co. G Jan. 5, 1862. kid. in La. May 18, 1864. Sherwood Sam. S. e. Dec. 6, 1861, trans, to Co. G Jan. .<;, 1862, prmtd. prin, mus'n, Whitney SamT H. e, Nov. 22, 1861, trans, to Co. G Jan. 5, 1862, desrtd. Feb. i, 1862. Winters Martin, e. Nov, 25, 1861, trans, to Co. G Jan. 5, 1862, m. o. Feb. 7, 1865. 64th Infantry. Surg. Henry A. Mix, com. 2d asst. surg. Feb. 21, 1864, prmtd. ist. asst. surg. July 10, 1864, prmtd. surg. April 25, 1863, m. o. July 11, 1865. 416 OGLE COUNTY WAE EECOED. 65th Infantry. Mix Hiram, e. March 17, 1862, disd. July 31, '63, disab. Bogue Horace P. e. March 31, 1862, trans, to Co. H as consolidated, m, o, July 13, 1865. Foster Wm. H. e. March 31. 1862, trans, to Co. H as consolidated, m. o. July 13. 1865, Hunter William, e, March 31, 1862, trans, to Co. H as consolidated, m, o, July 13, 1865, Helm S. V. e. March 31, 1862, trans, to Co. H as con solidated, m, o. July 13, 1865, com. 2d lieut., not mustered. Lowell I. A. e. March 31, 1862, trans, to Co. H as con solidated, m. o. Aug. 12, 1865. McMillen Jos, e. March 31, 1862, trans, to Co. H as consolidated, m. o. July 13, 1865. Morse E. e. March 31, 1862, trans, to Co. H as consoli dated, m. o. July 13, 1865. Rae Jas. e. March 31, 1862, trans, to Co. H as consoli dated, m. o, July 13, 1865. Snook John D. e, March 31, 1862, trans, to Co, H 'as consolidated, m. o. July 13, 1865, Baker Edwin, e. Aug. 14, 1862, died at Atlanta, Ga., Oct. 8, 1864. 67th Infantry (3 Months.) Brackett T. J. e. June 2, 1862. Burns L. e, June 2, 1862. Bennett A. e, June 2, 1862. Coolbaugh C, e. June 2, 1862, Chamberlain Edw. e. June 2, 1862. Campbell D. H. e. June 2, 1862. Cheney R. e. June 2, 1862. Fox Simon S. e. June 2, 1862. Hagaman Jas, L. e. June 2, 1862. Lawson Thos. e. June 2, 1862. Rood A, e, June 2, 1862, York Wm. H. e. June 2, 1862. I47th Infantry (I Year.) First Lieut. George W. Harkness, com. Feb. 18, 1865, m. o. Jan. 20, 1S66. Bullock R. D. e Feb. 17, 1865, m. o. Jan. 20, 1866. Cook Geo. W. e. Feb. 17, 1865, m. o. Jan, 20, 1866. Keys B. F, e. Feb. 17, 1865, m. o. July 20, 1866. 149th Infantry (I Year.) Sergt. Thos. Winston, c. Feb. 20, '65, m. 0. Jan. 27,'66. 2d Cavalry. Major John R. Hotaling, com. capt. Co. A Aug. 4, ^61,^ prmtd. major Nov. 19,1863, m, o. 1864. Adjt. Henry G. Hicks, com. Oct. 15, 1861, m. o, June 1, 1862. Surg. J, B, Cutts, com. Sept. z, t86i, m. o. Company A. Capt. Wm. B. Cummins, e. as 1st sergt. Aug. 8, 1861, ?rmtd. 2d lieut. March 18, 1862, prmtd ist lieut. une 3, 1862, prmtd. capt. Nov. ig, 1863, hon. disd. une 24, 1865. First Lieut. Frank B, Bennett, com, Aug. 24, 18O1, ' res, June 3, 1862. First Lieut. Edward C. Baker, e. as private Sept. 4,'6i, prmtd. ist lieut. Nov. 19, 1863, m. o. term ex. Second Lieut. James S. McHenry, e. as Q. M. sergt. Aug. 8, 1861. prmtd, 2d lieut. Sept, 13, 1862, res. March 3, 1864. Sergt. J. Q. Bowers, c. Aug. 8, 1861, disd. Aug. 11, '64, term ex. Sergt. Nicholas Hotaling, e. Aug. 8, 1861, disd. Aug. II, 1864, term ex. Sergt. D. B. Dewey, e. Aug. 8, i86i, disd. April 22, '62. Sergt. Frank Hatch, e. Aug. 8, 1861, prisoner of war since Feb. 12, 1862, reported to have died in prison. Corpl. J. A. B. Butterfield, e. Aug. 8, 1862, disd. Aug. II, 1854, as sergt., term ex. Corpl. G. W, Hemstock. e, Aug, 8, 1861, disd. Aug. it, 1864, as sergt., term ex, Corpl. Isaac Blown, e. Aug. 8, i86i,disd. Aug. 11, '64, as private, term ex. Corpl. Harvey R. James, e. Aug. 8, '61, disd. Aug. 11, 1864, as private, term ex. Blacksmith E. Connor, e. Aug. 8, 1861, disd. July 8, 1862. Boyce Benj. e. Aug. 8, 1861, disd. Aug. ix, 1864, as corpl., term ex. Beck Anton, e. Aug, 8, 1861, disd. Aug. 11, 1864, as corpl,, term ex, Burghardt G. A. e. Sept. 4, '61, m, o. Sept. 3, 1864, as sergt,, term ex. Crosby Wm. e. Sept. 4, '6r, kid. in La. Nov. 11, '63. Curry Chas. e. Sept. 2, 1861, m. o. Sept. 3, '64, term ex. Dunlap Jos. e. Aug. 8, 1861, disd. Jan. 20, 1863. Dewey L. F. e. Aug. 8, 18 i, disd. Sept. 18, 1863. Edwards H. R. e, Aug, 8, 1861, re-e, as vet. Feland Chas. e. Sept. 4, 1861, vet,, trans, to Co. E as consolidated, m. o. Nov. 22, 1865. Gillett A. W. e. Sept. 4, 1861, vet., trans, to Co. E as Consolidated, m. o. Nov. 22, 1865. Hill H. e. Aug. 8, 1861, disd. Sept, g, 1862. Haslett S. W. e. Aug. 8, 1861, disd. Aug. 11, 1864, term ex. Hughes J. A. e. Aug. 8, 1861, disd. Aug. 11, 1864, as sergt., term ex. Higgs Thos, H. e. Aug, 8, 1861, vet,, trans, to Co. E as consolidated, m. o. Nov. 22, 1865. Hull J. D. e. Sept. 2, 1861, disd. Dec. 6, 1861, Klock M, P, e. Aug. 8, 1861, vet., trans, to Co. E as consolidated, m. o. Nov. 22, 1865. Lewis Chas. e. Aug. 8, 1861, disd, Sept. 4, 1861. Morrell J. V. e, Aug 8, i86r, disd. Sept, 5, 1862. Marsaleo Wm. e. Sept, 4, 1861, desrtd. Aug, i, 1862, Marson Samuel G. e. Sept, 4, 1861, m. o. Sept. 3, 1864, term ex. Nuppeman Henry, c. Sept, 4, 1861, m. u. Sept. 3, 1864, term ex. Pond D. B. e. Sept, 4, 1861; disd. April 28, 1862, Petrie John R. e. Aug, 8, i86r. disd. Nov. 19, 1862. Pond C. K. e. Aug. 8, '61, died at St. Louis July i9,'63. Shaw D. D. e. Aug. 8, 1861, missing in action. Sheaff Peter, e. Sept. 4, *6i, m. o. Sept. 3, '64, term ex. Shannon O. e. Sept. 4, 1861, disd. Feb., 1864, as sergt. Sheaff Jos. e. Sept. 4, 1861, disd. Sept. 3, 1864, as sergt. term ex. Townsend Grant, e. Aug. 8, 1861, vet., trans, to Co. A as consolidated, m. o. Nov. 22, 1865. Twiney Francis, e. Aug, 8, 1861, disd. May 15, 1862. Van Wey George, e, Aug. 8, 1861, disd. March 8, 1862. Wells D. J.e. Aug. 8, 1861, vet., trans, to Co. E as consolidated, m. o. Nov. 22, 1865. Wise Jas. e. Aug. 8, 1861, vet,, trans, to Co. E as ton- solidated, m. o Nov. 22, 1865. Conaway J. e. Sept, 3, 1862, Garlock Jas, died at Baton Rouge Jan. 25, 1864. Lilley J, D. e. Feb. 26. 1864, m, o. May 27, 1865. Lilley L. e, Feb 26, 1864, trans, to Co, B as consoli dated, m. o. Nov. 22, 1865. Phelps H. G. e. Aug. 27, 1862, ra. o. June 11, 1865. Wilt N. e. Aug. 27, 1862, died at Memphis Mar. i8,'64. Antisdale S. L, e. Aug, 8, 1861, died at New Orleans Oct. 12, 1863. Belles Cornelius, e. Aug. 8, i86r, disd. Aug. ix, 1864, as corpl., term ex. Bechtol Reuben, e. Aug. 8, 1861, disd. Jan. 20, 1862. Denkler S. F. e. Sept. 4, 1861, m. o. Sept, 3, 1864, term ex. Fletcher S. H. e. Aug. 8, 1861, vet., m. o. Nov., 1865, as coipl. Hotaling D. W. e. Aug. 8, 1861, disd. July 11, 1862. Hotaling Chas. e. Aug. 8, 1861, disd. Dec. 20, 1861. Huntsdon Lewis, e. Aug. 8, 1861, disd. June 30,1862. Hardcastle Geo. e. Aug. 8, 1861, disd. Aug. 18, 1864, term ex. Hubberd Lewis, e. Aug. 8, i86x, died in Memphis July 28, 1863. wds. Harmaker Morgan, c. Sept. 4, 1861, died at Memphis Feb. 26, 1863. Hiland Robt. e. Sept. 4, '61, m.o. Sept. 3. '64, term ex. Johnson Samuel, e. Sept. 4, i85i, disd. Jan. 7, 1863. Lutes Jacob, e. Aug. 8, i8di, died Feb. 25, 1862. Manning Jos. e. Aug. 8 1861, disd. Jan. 26, 1862. Mills G. H. e. Aug. 8, 1862, vet. sergt., m. 0. June 24, 1865, as supernumerary non-com. officer. McCorckle Jas. e. Sept. 4, i85i, ist sergt., kid. in action at Port Gibson May 20, 1863. Pottarf B. R. e. Sept. 4, 1861, died at Trenton, Tenn., Aug. 3, 1862. J Parsone Jas. F, e. Aug. 8, 1861, disd. Aug. 11, 180^, term ex. ; Padgetr Jas. L. e. Aug. 8, 1861, vet., m. 0. Nov. 22, 65- Place Samuel M. e. Aug. 8, 1861, disd. Aug. 11, 18S41 term ex. -.' Rhoades John, e. Aug. 8, i85i, vet., m. o. Nov. 22, 'fij- Rogers Wm. e. Aug.8, 1861, disd. Jan. 20, 1862. Smith Frank, e. Aug. 8, i85i, vet., m. o. 22, 05. Steele Calvin, e. Sept. 4, i86i, vet., m, o. Nov. 33, 65* j7 y POST MASTER ROCHELLE OGLE COTTNTT WAR RECORD. 419 Stillwell Wm. F. e. Sept. 4, 1861, vet., Co. Q. M. sergt., m. o. June 24, 1865, as super, non-com, officer. Winters G. W. e. Sept. 4, 1861, died Sept. 22, 1862. Chatterton Chas. E, e. Jan. 5, 1864, vet., m. o. Nov. 22, 18^5. Towner S. S. e. Jan. 5, 1864, vet., died at New Orleans Dec. 16, 1864. AirhartWm. W, e. Aug. 27, 1862, disd. Sept, 10, 1863. • AuUs Chas. W. e. Sept. 3, 1862, m. o. June 10, i86s. Adams Robt. M. e. Aug. 27, 1862, died at Vicksburg Au2. 8, 1853. Caster 0. C. e. Aug. 27, i832. Goedonier Henderson, e. Oct. 9. '62, m. o. June 11, 65. Howlett John R. e. Dec. i, i85i, prmtd. adjutant ist batt.'ilion. ,. , t Hemstock J. L. e. Au?. 20, 18^2, disd. June 20, 1853. Hiland Andrew, e. Sept. 3, i852, m. o. June 11, 1865. Hamlm David, Sept. 25, i852, m. o. June 11, 1865. Hemstock John, D. e. Aug. 12, 1853. m. o. Nov. 22, 65. Jewell Geo. W. e. Aug. 12. r853, m. o. Nov. 22, 1855. Keith C. B. e. Aug. 12, 1863. disd. March 18, 1863. Lord Jas. M. e. Sept. 17, 1862, m. o. June 11, 1865 McDonald C. H. e. Sept. 2, 1861. Rathburn Royal A, e. Sept. 3, 1862, m. o. June 11, 65. Skelton Thos. e. Nov. i. 1861, disd. May 16, i852. Sternberg H, e. Aug. 27, 1862, m. o. June 11, 1865. Smith H. L. e. Co. com. sergt. Towner Wayne e. Aug. 12, 1863, desrtd. Jan. 7, 1865. Wheeler Chas. T. e. Aug. 12, 1803, m. o. June 21, 65. Company I. James H. A. e. Aug. 6. 1861, vet., trans, to Co. C, as consolidated, m. o. Nov. 23, 1865. 4th Cavalry. This regiment was organized in the Fall of 1861, by T. Lyle Dickey, under authority of the War Depart ment, and rendezvoused at Camp Hunter, Ottawa. It first moved to Cairo. It was in Grant's advance on Columbus, Ky., at Fort Henry, battles of Fort Donel son and Shiloh, siege of Corinth, and pursuing the enemy as far as Holly Springs, Miss. During the last six months of 1862, the Fourth was on scouting duty in Western Tennessee and Northern Georgia for Gens. Sherman and Logan. It then was in numerous skir mishes and engagements in Western Mississippi and Eastern Tennessee. In September, 1863, the regiment took steamer for Vicksburg) and was in Gen. McPher son's raid toward Canton and Sherman's raid on Me ridian, February, 1864. The Fourth was then on scouting duty in Central Mississippi and Eastern Louisiana until October, when it embarked for Springfield, III , and mustered out Nov. 3, 1864. The regiment left aboiit 500 men in the field, who joined the Twelfth Consoli dated Cavalry , and remained until May, 1866. Company B. Gurley Andrew, e. Oct. 16, 1861, m. o. Nov. 3, 1864. Hine John, e. Oct. g, i86i, m. o. Nov. 3, 1864. Magher M. e. Oct, g, 1861, vet. Company D. Allen Jesse O. e. Dec. 12. 1863. Doward M. e. Dec. 12, 1863. Flowers Cyrus, e. Dec. 29, 1863. Fish John S. e. Dec. 12, 1863. Fulton H. L. e. Dec. 23, 1863. Fenton Augustus, e. Jan. 5, 1864. Goble A.e. Dec, ig, 1863. Griffin G N.e. Fet. i, 1864. Hedrick R. F. e. Dec. 12, 1863. Hedrick S. C. e. Dec. 21, 1863. Huston M.S. e. Dec. 16, 1863. Hitt Thomas M. e. Dec. 12, 1863. Hitt John W, Housholder Wm. e. Dec. 12, 1863. Humel Wesley, e. Feb. i, 1864. Jay Jas. H.e. Dec. 12, 1863. KelogJohn,e. Feb. i, 1864. Longnecker Martin, e. Jan. 16, 1864. . Longnecker Benj. K. e. Dec, 30, 1863. Lindsey John B. e. Dec. 8, i?63. Mullen Wm. H. e. Dec. 25, 1863. Myers A. H. e. Dec. 13, 1863. Miller S. W. e. Dec i8, 1863. Palmer Uaniel, killed at Shiloh, 1862. Potter Thomas L. e. Dec. 12, 1863. Rice Henry, e. Dec. 12, 1863. Roland I, e. Dec. 19, 1863. Ripley John M e. Dec. 14, 1863. > Swingley O. H. e. Dec. 12, 1863. Willier James, e. Dec 16, 1863. Withers T. W. e. Dec. 12, 1863. Withers Eli G. e. Dec. 12, 1863. Withers John E. e. Dec. 12, 1863. Company E. First Sergt. M. H. Wallace, e. Sept. 6, i86i, diowned at Cairo Feb. 2, 1862. Sergt. Abner Newcomer, e. Sept. 12, 1861, disd. Jan. 12, 1863, disab. Sergt. Wm. Rolf, e. Sept. 12, 1861, disd. July i, 1862. Corpl. W. A. McNeill, e. Dec. 26, i86r, di-;d. April 28, 1862, disab. Beach James, e. Sept. 17, 1861, m. o. Nov. 3, 1864. Black F, e, Sept. 24, 1861, m. o, Nov, 3, 1864. Coe Wm, e. Sept. 12, 1801, died June 10, 1862, Doty Jas. M. e. Sept. 24, 1861, m. o. Nov. 3, 1864. Flei-iher Wm. e. Sept. 24, 1861, vet. Glasgow A. M e. Sept, 12,1861, vet. Hicks A. ft. Sept. 24, 1861, disd. March i, 1862, disab. Minnich Jacob, e, Sept. 24, 1861, m, o. Nov, 3, 1864. Roland M. J. e. Sept. rg, 1861, m, o. Nov. 3, 1864. St, Clair A. J. e. Sept. 12, 1861, m. o. Nov. 3, 1864, Shipman W. O. e. Sept. 12, 1861, m, o. Nov. 3, 1864. Shultz David, e. Sept. 24. 1861, m, o, Nov, 3 1864, Tomes C. E. e. Oct, 12, 1861, m. o. Nov. 3, 1864. Weller Frederick, e. Sept. ig. 1861, m. o. Nov. 3, 1864. Wistler Victor, e, Sept. 12, 1861, m. o. Nov. 3, 1864. Fellows A.e. Oct. 26, 1861, m. o. Nov. 3, 1864. Company F. Buser N. E. e. Dec, 1862 disd. Oct., 1865. Sanborn Jos. e. Dec. 14, 1863. Warren ]¦^s. C. e. Dec. 12, 1863. Wilson Wm. A. e. Dec. 14, 1863. Company M. Capt. Jos. E. Hitt, e. as Co. Q. M. sergt., Co. B, Sept. 1,1861. Prmtd. istlieut. Sept. 5, 1861. Prmtd. capt. Co. M Dec. 16, 1862, Term expired Nov. 3, 1864. Martin Alex, e, Dec- 12, 1863, Phelps Jos, W. e. Jan, i, 1864, kid. Sept, 17,1864. Ridgeway John W. e. I>ec. 12, 1863. Fenton Edwin, e. Jan. 5. 1864. Summer A. e. Dec, 21, 1863, deserted Jan. 4, 1864, 4fh Cavalry (consolidated.) Quartermaster John W, Hitt. e. as private, Prmtd. 2d lieut, Co, M March 15, 1864, Prmtd, 2d lieut. Co, D (consolidated) March 15, 1864 Prmtd. Q. M. April 25, 1865. Resigned May 27, 1865, 7th Cavalry. Adjutant General'* reports give no history of this regiment.Major Zenas Aplington, com. captain Co. B Aug. 11. 1861. Promoted major Nov. 13, i86r, Kdled in battle May 15, 1862. Company B. Second Lieut, Oscar F. Sammis, com. Aug, 11, 1861, Dropped from rolls. Sergt, F. E, Bassett, e. Sept. 5, 1861, m. u. Oct. 15, 1864, as private. Corpl. W.R. Waterbury, e. Sept, 5, 1861, sergt., died June t8, 1864. Corpl. John N. Worden, e. Sept. 5, 1861, m. o. April 21, 1865, as sergt., pr>sr. war. Corpl. Wm. H. Helm, e. Sept. 5, 1861, private, died July 18, i8f2. Corpl. A. H. Campbell, e. Sept. 5, 1861, disd. July 20, 1862, disab. Corpl. D. D- Johnston, e. Sept. 5, 1861, private, trans. t> V. R. C, Feb. 18, 1864. Blacksmith R. V, Jones, e. Sept. 5, x86i, died at Bird's Point, Mo., Jan, 24, 1862. Wagoner Solomon Shafer, e. Sept. 5, 1861, disd. Feb. i, i86s, disab. 420 OGLE OOTJNTY WAR RECORD. Avery S, S. e. Sept. g, x86i, died May ig, 1862. Allen Chas. e. Sept. 5, 1861, vet. Burril! W. I.e. Sept. 5, 1861, disd. May 20, 1862. Bair Sam'l, e. Sept. 5, i86r, m. o. Feb. 17, 1865. Coffen W. e. Sept. 5, i86i,disd. Dec. 4, 1862, disab. Groon Geo. e. Sept. 5, 1861, disd. for disab. Johnston Jas. H. e, Sept. 5, '61, disd, July 20, '62, disab. Longenecker B. F. e. Sept. 5, i86x,disd. May 28, 1862, disab. Maxwell Jas. H. e. Sept. 5,1861, disd. Feb. 21, '62, disab. Maxwell C. A. e. Sept. 5, 1861, died Sept, 17, 1864. Overhaltzer J. A. e. Sept, 5, 1861, m o, Oct. 15, 1864, as sergt. Pottle Truman, e. Sept, 5, 1861, m. o. Sept. 16, 1864. Porter I. A. e. Sept. 5,1861, vet., m.o. Nov. 4, '64, sergt. Reis Peter, e. Sept. 5, 1861, died in rebel prison. Sharp Andrew, e. Sept. 5, 1861, prisr, war, dropped from rolls, term ex. Smith Henry, e. Sept. 5, i86t, disd, Oct. 13, '62, disab. Woodward Wm. e. Sept. 5, 1861, m. o. April 21, 1865, prisr. war, Avery D. B. e, Feb. 23, 1864, m.o. Nov. 4, '65, as corpl. Allen Albert, e. Oct. 10, '64, m. o. Oct rg,'65, term ex, Berkley David, e. Jan. i, '64, m. o. Nov, 4, '65, sergt. Davis Thos. J. e. Nov. 5, 1861, died Feb, 28, 1864, Dement D. W. e. Jan. i, 1864, m.o. Nov. 4, 1865, Elsey Henry, e. Nov. 5, 1861, vet. Smith H. H. e. Jan. i, 1864, m. o. Nov. 4, 1865. Turk Peter, e. Se ^t 10, 1861, disd. May 20, '62, disab. Weltz Edw. D. e. Jan. i,'64, m. o. Nov. 4,'65, as corpl. 8th Cavalry. The 8th Cavalry was organized at St. Charles, Sept., 1861, by Col, J. F. Farnsworth. October, moved to Washington, D. C, and operated in Virginia, and was in many engagements, including Manasas, battles of Peninsula, Antietam, etc., etc. Was in advance of Army of Potomac in Kail of i8'^-2. Loss, 2g killed; 71 wounded; 20 mis-ing. During the campaign of 18^4, was in some 2t engagements and sicirmishes. Loss, 23 killed ; 115 wounded: and 57 missing. Was mustered out at Benton Barracks, Mo., July 17, 1855. Company L. Capt. Chas. L. Bran-lley, e, as private Sept, 14,1861. com. 2d lieut. Feb, i, 1864, Prmtd. ist Heut. Sept. 18, 1864. Prmtd. capt. Dec. 28, 1864. M. o. July 17,1865, Sergt. lohn G.Webb, c. Sept. 16, 1861, disd. Dec, 16, 1862. as private. Corpl. Chas. L. Hall, e. Sept. 10, 1861, vet. Corpl. Wm. S. Thomson, e. Sept. 16, i86i. Bugler W. A. Washburn, e, Sept. 14, i86i, absent, sick at m. o. Colbv John C. e. Sept. 2, 1861, died at Washington, D. C, Dec 6, 1863. Grady John, e. Sept. 16, 1861. Howard L. J. e. ept. 16, 1861, kid, at Va. Jan. 27, '62. Jordon J. e. Sept. 16, i86t, m. o. Sept. 28, 1864. McHenry Wm A. e, Sept. 5, 1861, vet., m. o. July 17, 1865, as 1st sergt. Rice ;VI, A, e. Sept, 16, 1861, disd, Oct, 14, 1862. Wortman Sam'l G. e. Sept, i, 1861, m.o, Sept. 28, 1864, as corpl. Dickson A, e. Oct. 10, 1864, m. o. July 17, 1865. Kemp L. S. e. >ept. 28, 1861, prmtd. veterinary surg. Stein Hi H. e. Aug. 14 r8')i, vet., sick at m, o. Weller Jas. e. Sept. 28, 1861. Rogers T. H. e. Nov. 30, '63, m. o. July 17, '65, corpl. Company M. Seiqond Lieut. John F. Austin, com. Sept. 18, 1861. , Re-5. Nov I, 1862. Allen H. C e. Sept. 17, 1861, disd. Nov. 28. '62, disab. Blair John G. e. Sept. 17, i86r, vet., died Mch. 25, '64. Bi-rtlett John, e. Sept. 17. 1861, vet., m.o. July 17, '65. Cook G. Y. e. Sept. 17, 1861, m.o. July 17, 1865, sergt. Delair A. e- Sept. 17, 1861. vet., m. o. Sept. 28, 1864. Gifford Henry, e. Sept. 17, '61, m. o. Sept. 28, '64, corpl. Grint L. V,-e. Sept. 17, i86i, disd. Sept. —,1864, wd. Gifford D. A. e. Sept. 17, i86t, in. 0. Sept. 28, 1864. Gfford'A. e. Sept. 17, t86i, m. o. Sept. 28, 1864. Hazletnn TJ. e. Sept. 17, '6t, disd, Sept. 26, '64, disab. Rutledge Wm. J.e. Sept. 17, '61, disd. 'tec. —,'62, disab Smith Fred'k, e. Sept, 10, i86i,disd. in 1862, disab. Thompson Jos, e. Sept. 13, 1861, m.o. Sept. 28, 1864. Thompson John, e. Sept. i5,'6i, vet., m.o. July X7,'65 Wood E. S. e. Sept. 17, 1861, m. o. Sept. 28, 1864. Wilson Wm. O. e. Sept, 15, '61, m.o. Sept. 28, '64, corpl, Wilson S. M. e. Sept. 15, '61, disd. Feb. 15, '62, disab. Waite B. W. e. Sept. 15, 1861, m. o. Sept. 28, 1864. Wren L. e. Sept. 17, '61, vet., m. o. July 17^ '65, corpl, Austin Robt. A. e, Oct. 10, 1864, m. o, July 17, 1865. Cook B. F. e. Sept. 25,^64, vet., m.o. July 17, '65, sergt, Crum G. e. Oct. 10, 1864, m. o. July 17, 1865. Delair John, e. Sept. 22, 1864, m, o. Sept. 28, 1864, Francher M. J. e. Sept, 22, 1864, m. o. Sept. 28, 1864. Grant S. U. e. Oct. 10, 1864, m. o. July 17, 1865, Grant Jas. L. e. Oct. 14, 1864, m. o. July 17, 1865. Hemmerling G. e, Oct. 14, 1864, m. o. July 17, 1865. Perry E. A. c. Sept. 23, 1861, vet., m. o. July 18, 1865, as blacksmith, Prentiss R. T. e. Sept. 23, 1861, vet., m. u. July 17, 1865, as sergt. Wood M. V, c. Sept. 23, 1861, m. o. Sept. 28, 1864. 12th Cavalry (consolidated.) Company C. Vanston Daniel, e. Feb. ig, vet., died at New Or leans Sept. 20, 1864. Company K. Second Lieut. Benj. I. Arnold, e. as ist sergt. Co. C, 4th Cav. as consolidated. Prjntd. 2d Iieut. March 28, 1865. Prmtd. ist lieut. Dec. ig, 1865. Mustered out May 29, 1866. Company L. Capt. John F. Wallace, com. 2d lieut. old Co. E, 4th Cav., Aug. 26, 1861. Prmtd. i-.tlieut. Sept. 1, 1862. Prmtd. c;ipt. Co. C Dec. 5, 1862. Prmtd. capi. Co. D (consolidated) Dec. 5, 1862. Com. capt. Co. L, i2th Cav,, Dec, 5, 1862 Mu-.tered out May 29, '66. Second Lieut. Oliver H. Swingley, e. as ist sergt Co. D. 4th Cav. Prmtd. 2d heut. April 25, 1865. Cnm. 2d lieut. Co, M, i2th Cav,, April 25, 1865. Resigned Feb, 16, 1866. 13th Cavalry (consolidated.) Company C. First Lieut, Ira B, Henrv, com. 2d lieut. Co. F, old Co., Feb. 7, 1863. Com. 2d lieut. this Co. Feb. 7, 1863. Prmtd. ist lieut. Sept. 5, 1864. Mustered out Dec. 31, 1864. 14th Cavalry. Adjutant General's reports give no history of this regiment. 1 Sergt. Maj. Isaac H. Allen, com. Oct, 13,1862. Prmtd. 2d lieut. Co. D. Company E. McRead Wm. E. e. Jan. 16, 1863, trans, to Co. I. Palmer Chas. e. Jan. 16, 1863, trans, to Co. I. Roosa A. V. L. e. Sept. 19, 1863, tr.ins. to Co. I. Smith Thos. e. Jan. 16, 1863, trans, to Co. I. Company I. First Lieut. DeRiley Kilbourne, com. 2d lieut. Jan. 7, 1863. Prmtd. ist lieut. May 25, 1864. Re>igned Oct. 29, 1864. First Lieut, Washington L, Sanford, e. as private Oct. 6, 1862. Prmtd. 2d lieut. May 25, 1864. Prmtd. ist lieut. Oct. 19, 1864. Resigned Feb. 21, 1865. Second Lieut. Moses G Hascall,e. as private Oct. 171 1862. Prmtd. ist sergt., then 2d lieut., March 28, 1865. Mustered out July 31. 1865. Bemis C. C. e. Sept. 24, 1S62, missing in action July 3ti 1864. Butterfield E. M. e. Oct. X2, 1862, missing in action July 31, 1864. Dunn Jas, e. Sept. 25, 1862, missing in fiction since Nov. 14, 1863. OGLB coTrarr wae eecoed. 421 Douglass 0. C. e. Nov. 20, 1862, missing in action since Aug. 3, 1864. Perrine Thos. J. e. Oct. 1862, m. o. July 31, 1865- Trotter John, e. Nov. 5, 1862, absent, sick at m.o. regt. Burger Geo. e. March 22, 1864, m. o. July 31, 1865. Cross J. D. e. Feb. 23, 1864, died Sept. 25, 1864. Company K. Corpl. Robt. A. Horning, c. Dec. 1, 1862, deserted June 8, 1863. Corpl. Daniel Lower, c Dec. i, 1862, m. o. July 31, 1865, as sergt. Blacksmith Henry Lower, e. Dec, 1862, m. u. July 8, 1865, prisr. war. Baney J. E. e. Dec i, 1862, reclaimed by 65th I. V. I. Sept. IS, 1863. Bowman Wm. e. Dec. 25, 1862, m. o. July 31, 1865. Gibbs Samuel, e. Dec. 25, 1862, diod in Ohio July 21, '63. Klinger David, e. Sept. t, 1862, disd. June 20, 1863. MeUnger John, e. Dec i, 1862, m. o. July 31, 1865. Paul A. e. Dec 25. 1862, m. o, July 31, 1865. Shirk John J. e. Nov. 6, 1862, m. o. Julyji, 1865. Williams J. O, e. Dec. 25, 1862, deserted Jan. 23, 1863. 15th Cavalry. Company L. Crum Henry, e. Dec 30, 1861, m. o. Tan 9, 1865. Griffin LeanMer, e. Jan. g, 1862, disd. June 23, '62, disab. Lowe L. e. Feb. 3, 1862, died May 13, 1862. Peck H. C. e. Dec. 27, 1861, disd. for promotion. Pinckney Thales L. e. Jan. g,'62, disd. June 7,'62, disab. 17th Cavalry. The Seventeenth Cavalry Regiment Illinois Volun teers was organized under special authority from the War Department, issued Aug. 12, 1863, to Hon. John F. Farnsworth, The rendezvous was established at St. Charles, Kane County, Illinois. By the approval of the Governor of the State, the Colonelcy of the Regi ment was offered John L. Beveridge, then Major in the Eight Illinois Cavalry, who assumed the work of re cruitment and organization ' and opened the rendezvous Nov. 15, 1813. Eight companies were mustered in Jan. 22, i8'54. Four other companies were mustered in and the organiz.i tion of the Regiment completed, Feb. 12, 1854. The Regiment was sent to Jefferson Barracks. Mo., where i.ioo sets of horse equipments were re ceived. From there it moved to Alton 111., and re lieved the Thirteenth Illinois Cavalry in guarding the Military Prison at that place. Early in June following, the First Battalion was or dei ed to St. Louis, and the Second Battalion followed immediately. Both being fully mounted were ordered at once to North Missouri District. The First Battal ion, Lieutenant Colonel Dennis J. Hynes commanding, proL-eeded to St. Joseph, Mo., where the commanding officer reported m person to General Fisk, commanding Distiict of North Missouri. The Second Battalion, Major Lucius C. Matlack commanding, was assigned by General C. B. Fisk to the post of Glasgow, Mo. From this period, for four months, the three battalions were separate and remote from each other, and so ex tended were their movements, that it is impossible to follow them in this brief .sketch. They seem to have been all over Missouri after Price's and Jeff. Thompson's Guerilla Bands, following them into Kansas and Arkan sas, doing most efficient service. Company M. Capt. John F. Austin, com. Jan. 16, 1864. Resigned June 8, 1865. First Lieut. John Acker, com. Jan. 16, 1864. Resigned June 8, 1865. First Lieut. Chas. G. Robbins, e. as Q. M. sergt. Nov. 9, 1863. Prmtd. ist sergt., then 2d lieut., Aug. 26, 1864. Prmtd. ist lieut. July 3, 1865. Mustered out Nov. 23, 1865. Second Lieut. Urial Hasetton, e. as sergt, Nov. 9, 1863. Prmtd. ist sergt., then 2d Ueut. July 3, 1865. Mustered out Nov. 23, 1865. Q. M. i^ergt. Chas. G. Robjins,e. Nov. g, 1863. Prmtd. 1st sergt., then 2d lieut. Conisy. Sergt. XJ. Haselton^c, Nov. 9^ 1863. Sergt. C. E. Coolbaugh, c. Dec. 4, 1863, m. u. Nov. 23, 1865, as ist sergt, Sergt, Wm. R. Buser, e. Dec. 22, 1863, m. 0. Nov. 23, 1865, as Co. comsy. sergt, Sergt. S. M. Wilson, e. Dec. g, 1863, Co. Q. M. sergt., sick at m. o. Sergt. Wm. B, Harris, e. Dec. 10, 186^, m.o.Nov.23,'6s. Sergt. Frederick Smith, e. Nov. 9, 1863, m. o. Nov. 23, 1865, as private. Corpl. Chas. Lewis, c. Dec. 16, l8^o*, m. o. Nov. 23, '65, as sergt. Corpl. Mark Burnham, e. Dec. 18, '63, died Nov. 19, '64. Corpl. N. McCloud, e. Nov. 11, 1863, m. o. Nov, 23, 1865, as private. Corpl. B, F. Robinson, e. Nov. g, 1863, m. o. Nov, 23, 1865. as sergt. Corpl. W. S. Fuller, c. Nov. 9, 1863, disd. July 28, 1865, as sergt. Corpl, Jacob Buser, e. Dec. 22, 1863, m. o. Nov. 23,'65. Corpl. W. Rohrback, e. Dec. 26, 1863, m. o. Nov, 23, 1865, as private. Corpl. Jasper McCloud, e. Jan. 18, '64, m.o, Nov. 23, '65. Bugler F. J. Baker, e, Jan. 18,1864, prmtd. chief bugler. Bugler Geo. F. Thome, e, Dec 14, '63, desrtd. Oct. 7, '65. Farrier Geo. L. Snyder, e. Dec 8, '63, m.o. Nov. 23,'65. Ashton fas. R. e. Dec. 10, i86^, m. o. Nov. 26, i8_65. Bridge J. P. e. Dec 9, 1863, died in Ogle Co. Feb. 21, '65. Burchell H. C. e. Dec. 22, '63, prmtd, to Hosp. Steward. Bennett W. E. e. Dec. 1. 1863, reported desrtd. Camahan J. C. e. Dec. 20, 1863, reported desrtd. V^Uivcr o. c. j_»ec. I, 1003, m. O. XNuv. ij, ii-v,^. Clark John C. e. Dec. 23, 1863, m, o, Nov, 23, 1865. Davis H. W, e, fJec, 29, 1863, m. o. Nov. 23, 1865. Kdgar L. e. Nov. 9, 1863, m. o. Nov. 23, 1865. Furness Joel, e. Dec. 28, 1863, m. o. May 25, 1865. Gill John B. e. Dec. 12, 1863, m. o. Nov. 23, 1865. Griffin Edw. A. e. Dec. 29, 1863, m. o. Nov. 23, 1865. Jewell R. e. Tan. g, 1863, m, o, Nov. 23, 1865. Knox John, e. Dec 8, 1863, died Sept. 6, 1864, Karumb Julius, e, Dec. 29, 1863, m. o. Nov. 23, 1865. Lilly T. e. Dec, 10, 1863, m. o. Nov. 23, 1865. Mitchell H. e. Dec. 14, 1863, disd. July 28, '65, disab. Miller John H. e, Dec. 17, 1863, m, o, Dec, 23, 1865. Maguire Thos, e^ Dec 8, 1863, absent on duty at m. u. McNames C, e. D^c. 17, 1863, m. o. Nov. 23, 1865. Phillips Chas, e. Dec. 17, '63, m.o, Nov. 23, '65, corpl. Roe N, C, e, Dec. 10, 1863, m. o. Nov. 23. 1865. Robinson D. C. e. Dec 10, 1863, m. o. Nov. 23, 1865. Virgil Wm. e, Dec. 18, 1863, m. o. Nov. 23, 1865. Wood Jas. M. e. Dec. 23, 1863, m.o. Nov. 23, '65, corpl. Wade Jacob, e. Dec. 22, i86j, m. o, Nov, 23, 1865. Acker Sam'l D, e. Feb. 20, ^864 detached at m. o. Gill Thos. B, e. Aug. 26, 1864, m, o. July 5, 1865. Wilson W. O. sick at m. o. Miscellaneous. Whitbeck Wm. H. Coolbaugh C. 1st Artillery. Company F. First Lieut. Henry L. Benn, com. Feb. 25, 1862. Res. Sept. 2, 1862. Bridges C. P.e. Oct. i, 1861, disd. June 96, '02, disab. Hauson John, e. Oct. i, 1861, died June 3, 1864. Kempe Warren, e. Oct. 14, 1861, disd. Jan. 4, 1864, as sergt., term ex. Long A. V. e. Sept. 16, 1861, trans, to Bat. I. disd, Oct, 30, 1862, Losee Jos. P. e. Sept. 25, '61, disd. Jan. 4, '65, term ex. Lane Geo. P. e. Nov. 12, 1861, disd. April 28, '63, disab. McCloud S. e. Dec t, 1861, disd. May 22, 1863, disab. Prescott Wm. H. e. Nov. 27, 1861, disd. Jan. 4, 1865, term ex. Seweli L. A. e. Oct. i, 1861, disd. Jan. 4, 1865. Taylor A. D. e, Oct. i, 1861, corpl., di^d. for disab. Tracy Henry, e. Oct. 20, 1861, died Sept 26, 1863. Knepper G. e. Jan. 4, 1864, trans, to Co. B, m. o, July 6, 1865, as corpl. 2d Artillery. Battery G. Rice Asa, c. Oct. i, x86i, disd. Oct. 14, 1862, as corpl., disab. Scutt H. B. c. Sept. i6,'6i, vet., m, 0. Sept. 4, 1865. 422 OGLE OOUNTT WAK BEOOED. Adams Albert, e. Jan. 5, 1864, m. o. Sept. 4, 1865. Bain Robt. e. Jan. 17. 1864, m.o. Sept. 4, 1865. Crane Geo. c. Jan. 5, 1864, m. o. Sept. 4, 1865. Coolbaugh H. e. Oct. 8, 1864, m. o. Sept. 4, 1865. Hull F. L. e. Jan. 19, 1864, ni. o. Sept. 4, 1865. LangW. A. e. Feb. 22, 1864, m. o. Sept. 4, 1865. Megoreth M. e. Jan. 5, 1864, m. o. Sept. 4, 1865. Omer Edw. P. e. Jan. 25, 1864, m. o. Sept. 4, 1865. Slaughter Thos. J. e. Jan. 5, 1864, m. o. Sept. 5, 1865. Small J . W. e. Jan. 5, 1864, m. o. Sept. 6, 1865. Steele Wm. e. Jan. 5, 1864, died Jan. 23, 1865. Young Francis, e. Jan. 5, 1864, m. o. Sept. 4, 1865. Company L. Sergt. Owen E. Lloyd, •=. Feb. 27, 1862, desrtd. Feb. 28, 1863. Brooks Peter, e. Feb. 28, '62, vet., m. o. Aug. 9, 1865. Israel John, e. Feb. 27, '62, vet., desrtd. June 30, 1864. Joyce C. S. e. Feb. 27, 1862 desrtd. May 10, 1862. Johnson C. N. e. Feb. 28, 1862, died June 8, 1863. Snell John, e. Feb. 18, 1862, vet., m. o. Aug. 9, 1865,15 artificer. Sanford D. e. March i, 1862, vet., m. o. Aug. 9, 1865. Scott Peter, e. Feb. 19, 1862, left sick at Chicago, no further record. Woodruff Henry, e. Feb. 28, 1862, vet., m. o. Aug. 9, 1865, as sergt. Arnold F. e. Oct 18, 1864, m. o. Aug. 9, 1865. Beterbenner S. G. e. Sept. i,'62. m.o. Aug. 9, '65, sergt. Baker A. D. e. Aug. 30, 1862, m. o. Aug. 9, 1865. Gantz Wm. e. Oct. 15, 1864, m. o. Aug. 9, 1865. Hunter John D. e. Oct. 10, 1864, m. o. Aug. 9, 1865. Jacobs D. M. e. Oct. 11, 1864, m. o. Aug. g, 1865. Wolf John, e. Oct. 15, 1864, m. o. Aug. 9, 1865. Wagoner C. F. e. Oct. 10, 1864, m. o. Aug. 9, 1865. The war ended and peace restored, the Union preserved in its integrity, the sons of Ogle who had volunteered their lives in defense of their govern ment, and who were spared to see the army of the Union victorious, returned to their homes to receive grand ovations and tributes of honor from friends and neighbors who had eagerly and jealously followed them wherever the fortunes of war called. Exchanging their soldiers' uniforms for citizens' dress, most of them fell back to their old avocations — on the farm, at the forge, the bench, in the shop, and at whatever else their hands found to do. Brave men are honorable always, and no class of citizens are entitled to freater respect than the volunteer soldiery of Ogle Coauty, not alone ecause they were soldiers, but because in their associations with their fellow-men their walk is upright, and their honesty and character without reproach. Their country first, their glory and their pride ; Land of their hopes — land where their fathers died ; When in the right, they'll keep their honor bright ; When in the wrong, they'll die to set it right. Lincoln's assassination — a teibute to his memory. April 17, 1865, three days after the assassination of Abraham Lincoln, the foulest deed that ever polluted national escutclieon, the board of supervisors were in session, and Hon. James V. Gale, fuil of sympathy and just impulses, and out of respect for the memory of freedom's martyr, moved for the appointment of a committee of five to prepare a series of resolutions expressive of the sentiment of the board and of the people in relation to that cowardly and atrocious crime. The motion prevailed, and Messrs. Gale, Andrews, Davis, Moffett and May were appointed as such committee, who, in due time, reported the following: Whbkeas, It has pleased Almighty God to permit the removal of our beloved Pi'esi- dent by assassination; and, whereas, the nation is now mourning its irreparable loss; and, whereas, we, as individuals, believe that our late President, Abraham Lincoln, was a true patriot, a faithful executive officer and pre-eminently honest and upright, and especially qualified above all other men to fill the high posilion to which the people hail twice elected him; and, whereas, we believe that none but traitors and those sympathizing with them will dare gainsay or dispute the truth of the above proposition; and, whereas, we can not, as a Board of Supervisors of the loyal County of Ogle, permit this national calamity to pass without notice, and without expressing our deep-felt sorrow for the terrible bereavement ¦which has so suddenly and unexpectedly fallen upon our people ; t' lerefore, be il resulv^ d, 1. That we, as individuals and as a body representing the people of ihe (Jounty of Ogle, do hereby endorse, sanction, and approve every official act of our late beloved President. HI8T0KT OF OGLB COUNTY. 423 2. That it is the sense of this body, individually and collectively, and as they believe, the sentiments of every loyal heart, that since the days of the immortal Washington, no man more capable, more patriotic, more honest, or more faithful, has been called by the Ameri can peiiple to fill that high position. 3. That, in the opinion of this board, the true interests of the nation were safe in his hands, and that all the ends he aimed at during the perilous period of his administration were "his Country, God and Truth." 4. That, as one family, we mourn, and that we tender to each loyal heart who are truly members of this bereaved family, our sympathy and condolence, believing that, while the ways of God seem to us mysterious, " He doeth all things well," and that behind a frowning providence He hides a smiling face. 5. That while we believe this sudden bereavement may for the moment paralyze and weaken the strength of the government, it will in the end tend to infuse new life and vigor in to it, and that the soldiers in the field, who so dearly loved our late President, will have new motives for action, and will hereafter spare no man through whose agency or sympathy the foul death of Abraham Lincoln was accomplished. 6. That we fear no other man could so well fill the position lately occupied by our departed President, because of his experience and close intimacy with the great questions of the day; nevertheless, we believe he will have a faithful, capable, honest and patriotic successor in the person of Andrew Johnson, of Tennessee; and we do hereby tender to our present chief magistrate a love, confidence and devotion in no way less than that we gave to his illustrious predecessor, wliose place he now fills. 7. That we tender to the bereaved wife and children of our late worthy President, our sincere pity and sympathy in this the hour of their deep sorrow, believing that while the loss of Abraham Lincoln is a national calamity, it is to them a private and individual loss, out of which grows widowhood and orphanage. 8. That the Clerk of this Board be requested to transmit a copy of these resolutions to the widow of the late President. 9. That the members of this board shall, as a token of regard for their memory of the late President, wear crape on their left arm for the space of thirty days, and that, as a farther mark of respect to his memory, we do now adjourn. On motion of Mr. Shottenkirk, the resolutions were adopted and ordered to be spread on the journals of the board. EAILROADS. The railroads of Ogle County constitute an important chapter in its history. Until the organic law of the state was amended by the people in 1870, providing that " no county, city, town, township or other municipality shall ever become subscriber to the capital stock of any railroad or private corporation, or make donation to, or loan its credit in aid of such corpora tion," the people of Ogle County were very liberal in voting aid to various proposed railroads, but there was of course a strong minority in opposition, and bitter animosities sprang up, which unfortunately are not not allayed even yet. The complications arising from this state of affairs render the task of tracing the history of railroads in this county one of great delicacy and responsibility. By confining the work to the records and proofs, however, it is hoped that the principal facts will be found impartially recorded in the following pages. THE GALENA AND CHICAGO UNION EAILEOAD. The railroad agitation commenced almost contemporaneously with the settlement of the county. In the same year that the County of Ogle was erected (1836) the Galena & Chicago Union Railroad Company was char tered and authorized to construct a railroad from Galena to Chicago. The corporators were principally from JSTew York. They secured a tract of 1,000 acres of land in DuPage County, and in 1838 had done some grading^ on the prairie west of Chicago, aad suspended active operations. Some time 424 HISTOKT OF OGLE COUNTY. during the latter part of 1845 Messrs. Ogden and Jones, of Chicago, nego tiated with Messrs. ISTevins and Matteson, of New York, for the purchase of this charter, and the Du Page land, etc., for which they paid $20,000. Upon the suspension of operations on the G. & C. U. R. R., other projects for something better than the rude prairie roads were discussed. At one time the construction of a plank road between Rock River and Chicago was seriously contemplated and estimates were made of the probable cost per mile, which was fixed at $3,860.37, or an aggregate of $312,731.29. A convention had also been held at Sterling to consider the improvement of Rock River so as to make it navigable. In 1843 a survey was made between Joliet and Aurora to determine the practicability of supplying the Illinois and Michigan canal from Fox River. The report of the surveyors and engineers was highly favorable to the scheme. The bed of the Fox River at Aurora was found to be forty feet higher than the sumniit level of the canal, and the report created great excitement among the people of Rock River Yalley. " Indeed," said the report, " there are but two places on the whole line that would require anything like heavy excavation. The deepest cut is about fifteen feet, and the distance about twenty rods. The maximum cost of a feeder with a tow path, and to answer all purposes of navigation, is estimated at $200,000. * * * Should the plan be carried out, but one further step remains to be taken. If a favorable route can be found, the work will be extended from Aurora to Rockford. The interest of the com pany demands it — the City of Chicago, the farmers of Rock River, the mineral region of Wisconsin, and the people of the state, all have an interest iu the the undertaking." This undertaking was discussed for a time, but like the plank road and kindred schemes was finally abandoned, and in 1845 the project of a railroad was revived. On the 28tli day of November of that year a meeting was held at Rockford to devise ways and means to interest the people in the building of a railroad leading to Chicago. Anson S. Miller was Chairman, Selden M. Church, Secretary, and Hon. M. P. Sweet addressed the meeting. The following resolutions were adopted: Resolved, That those counties interested in the construction of a railroad from Galena to Chicago be recommended to meet in convention at Rockford for the purpose of taking measures for constructing said road at the earliest possible period. Resolved, That said convention meet at the court house in Rockford, January 7, 1846. Jason Marsh, T. D. Robertson and William Hulin were appointed a Committee of Correspondence to carry out the spirit of the meeting; and Horace Miller, A. C. Gleason, Reuben Barrett, Harvey Gregory, Robert J. Cross, Asa. Farnsworth, Stephen Mack, Thomas B. Talcott, Simon Petti- bone, Guy Hulett, Snyder J. Fletcher, Alonzo Hall, Daniel Baker, E. S. Cable, Harvey Woodruff, Joseph Manchester, George Haskell, Willard Wheeler, E. H. Potter, Newton Crawford, J. C. Goodhue, S. M. Church, Anson S. Miller, Jason Marsh and Thomas D. Robertson, were appointed to address the meeting on the necessity and importance of the undertaking. In all the counties from Chicago to Galena meetings were held and delegates appointed to attend the Rockford Convention. Cook Coimty sent '\Q delegates; DeKalb sent 1; McHenry, 15; Rock County, Wis., 3; Ogle, 80; Boone, 42; Lee, 1; Kane, 15; Stephenson, 40; Winnebago, 100; Jo Daviess, 6; total, 319. The convention assembled at Rockford on the 7th of January, 1846, and was permanently organized by the election of the following officers: HISTOEY OF OGLE COUMTY. 426 President, Thomas Drummond, of Jo Daviess; Vice Presidents, William H. Brown, of Cook; Joel Walker, of Boone; Spooner Ruggles, of Ogle; and Elijah Wilcox, of Kane. Secretaries, T. D. Robertson, of Winnebago; J. B. F. Russell, of Cook; and S. P. Hyde, of McHenry. When the organization of the convention was fully perfected, the following resolution was introduced by Walter L. Newberry, of Cook County. Resolved, If a satisfactory arrangement can be made with the present holders of the stock of the Galena & Chicago Union Railroad Company, that the members (jf this con vention will use all honorable measures to obtain subscriptions to the stock of said company. An animated and spirited discussion followed the introduction of this resolution, which elicited a full history of the charter, its powers, and the happy results that would follow its purchase, and the completion of the road under it, etc., after which the resolution was unanimously adopted. Previous to the adoption of this resolution, a committee of one from each county had been appointed to draft a series of resolutions expressive of the views of the convention on the subject under consideration. That committee consisted of the following named gentlemen, to wit: J. Y. Scammon, of Cook; George T. Kasson, of McHenry; C. S. Hempstead, of Jo Daviess; W. G. Dana, of Ogle; James S. Waterman, of DeKalb; W. H. Gilman, of Boone; John A. Clark, of Stephenson; A. B. Wells, of Kane; S. M. Church, of Winnebago. This committee, thr(iugh its chairman, J. Y. Scammon, submitted the following resolutions: Resolved, That the wants of the farmers and business men of Northern Illinois, require the immediate construction of a railroad from Chicago to Galena ; that the value of farms upon the route would be doubled by the construction of the road, and the convenience of the inhabitants immeasurably promoted thereby. Resolved. That in order to accomplish the object of this convention, it is indispensably necessary that the inhabitants and owners of property between Galena and ChicHgo should come forward and subscribe to the stock of the proposed railroad, to the extent of their ability; and that, if each farmer upon the route shall take at least one share of the stock ($100), the completion of the road would be placed beyond contingency. Several meetings were subsequently held in Rockford to advance the interests of the enterprise, and on the 20th of August, 1852, the Galena and Chicago Union Railroad was completed to the east side of Rock River; and to the west side of the river, by the erection of the necessary bridge, in August, 1853. A branch of this road,"called the " Dixon Air Line," starting from the Junction, about six miles east of St. Charles, was built through the south east corner of Ogle County in 1854. THE ILLINOIS CENTEAL EAILEOAD. The first railroad built into and through the County of Ogle and operated within its limits was the Illinois Central. The grand scheme of connecting Lake Michigan with the great water highway of the Mississippi at the mouth of the Ohio, early attracted the attention of the people. It constituted an important portion of the internal improvement system of the state in 1837, and work on the line was commenced at that time, but ceased with the collapse of that system. The Central Railway was subse quently revived by legislation secured by some of the sagacious business men of the state, who appeared to appreciate to some extent the magnificent future that awaited this region, but the whole scheme languished — lacked 426 HISTOKT OF OGLE COUNTY. * vitality — until September, 1850, when Congress granted the right of way, 200 feet wide, through the public laiids from the southern terminus of the Illinois and Michigan Canal — LaSalle — to a point at or near the junction of the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers, and for branches to Chicago and Galena. In addition to this, in itself a liberal grant, Congress, by thesame act, granted nearly 3,000,000 acres of the public lands in the very heart of this great state to aid in the construction of the road. The lands granted were the alternate sections designated by even numbers for six sections deep on each side of the trunk line and its branches, and for lands already sold or pre-empted within these limits an equal quantity of even numbered sec tions of the public lands might be selected within fifteen miles on each side of the tracks. The grant was subject to the control and disposal of the Legislature of Illinois, and the road and its branches when built was to be and remain a public highway for the use of the government of the United States free of tolls for the transportation of troops, munitions or other property of the Federal Government. At the same time the minimum price of the odd numbered sections within the limits of the grant was raised from $1.25 per acre to $2.50. The land was taken out of the market for two years, and in the Fall of 1852, when they were again offered for sale, an average price of $5 per acre was realized. This was the first donation of public lands made by Congress in aid of railroads, and the precedent thus established has been so lamentably well followed as to deprive the nation of a large portion of the public domain, and the people of lands for farms to which they were justly entitled upon payment of the expenses of survey. At the time this grant was made the only railroad completed in the state was a section of the Chicago & Gtilena, from Chicago to Elgin ; a section of the Northern Cross Railroad, from Meredosia and Naples to Springfield, and six miles of track across the American bottom, from a point opposite St. Louis to the coal mines in the bluffs. By act of the general asssembly, approved February 17, 1851, an act entitled "An act to incorporate the Great Western Railway Company," approved March 6, 1843; "an act to amend an act entitled an act to incorporate the Great Western Railway Company," approved Feb. 10, 1849, and " An act to incorporate the Illinois Central Railroad Company," approved January 16, 1836, were repealed. By section 3 of the same act the grant of Congress approved September 20, 1850 was accepted. But prior to the passage of this repealing act, the General Assembly, declaring that in its judgment the object of incorporating the Central Railroad Company could not be attained under general laws passed "An Act to incorporate the Illinois Central Railroad Company," which was approved February 10, 1851. The corporators named in this act were: Robert Schuyler, George Griswold, Governeur Morris, Franklin Haven^ David A. Neil, Robert Rantoul, Junior, Jonathan Sturgis, George W. Ludlow, John F. A. Sanford, Henry Grinnell, William H. Aspinwall, Leroy Wiley and Joseph W. Alsop, and by section 6, these gentlemen, with the Governor of the State of Illinois for the time being, were constituted the first board of directors. To this company the congressional grant of right of way and public lands, together with " the right of way which the State of Illinois has heretofore obtained;" the lot of land obtained by tbe State withio the City of Cairo for a depot; " all the grading, embankments, exca* ,^&. OREGON HISTORY OF OGLB COUNTY. 429 vations, surveys, work, materials, personal property, profiles, plats and papers constructed, procured, furnished and done by or in behalf of the State of Illinois, for or on account of said road and branches, and the right of way over and through lands owned by the state," were " ceded and granted," and the company were required to execute a deed of trust of all this property, together with "the railroad which may be built," to Morris Ketchum, John Moore and Samuel D. Loekwood, trustees, to secure to the state the first lien on the property so conveyed, the construction of the road, and the indemnification of the state against the claims of the United States, in case the road should not be completed within ten years as required by the Act of Congress of September 20, 1850. Thus the magnificent grant to the state was relinquished to a private corporation, not without strong opposition, however, for there was a deep feeling against the tneasure. The magnitude of the grant was so over powering to the minds of many good citizens, that they argued earnestly that by proper management the state miglit not only build the 700 miles of railroad, but from the proceeds of the lands pay off a burdensome state debt of many millions of dollars besides. Doubtless this might have been possible, but the opportunities for " steals " might not have been easily resisted. Mr. John S. Wright, of Chicago, pui)lished a pamphlet, in which he insisted that the state would be " everlastingly dishonored if the legislature did not devise laws to build the road, and disenthral the state of its enormous debt besides, out of the avails of this grant." * The company negotiated a loan of $400,000, but the money could not be realized until there should be a conveyance of the lands from the general government. In this there was some delay. Justin Butterfield, the com missioner of the general land office, at Washington, who was from Chicago, construed the grant as entitling the company to lands for the Chicago branch, on a straight line to Chicago, which would avoid the junction with the Michigan Central. After some vexatious delay this construction of the act was overruled by the president and secretary of the interior, and in March, 1852, the necessary patents were issued, contracts were awarded, work commenced, the road progressed to completion with little interruption, and was built through Ogle County in 1853. THE CHICAGO AND NOETHWESTEEN EAILEOAD. The next railroad which entered upon the territory of Ogle County was the "Dixon Air Line" branch of the Galena and Chicago Union Rail road, which, passing through the Towns of Dement and Flagg, in the south eastern part of the county, with stations at Creston and Lane (now Rochelle), was built through the county in 1854. Subsequently it was purchased by the Chicago and Northwestern Railroad Company, and is now one of the trunk lines of that corporation. A station was established on this road, four miles southwest of Rochelle, in 1866, called Flagg Station. THE CHICAGO, ST. CHAELES AND MISSISSIPPI AIE LINE EAILEOAD. The success of the Central Railroad scheme induced what may perhaps be properly termed a " railroad fever " among the people. Numerous lines were projected, and the people were called upon to aid in their construction by subscriptions to capital stock, donations and loans of credit, both iu * Davidson & Stuve's History of Illinois, 430 HISTOEY OF OGLE OOUUTY. their individual and corporate capacity. Among those, that were projected about this time, was the Chicago, St. Charles and Mississippi Air Line Railroad, which was designed to traverse this county from east to west, and open to its people a most brilliant future. By the terms of its charter, the people along its proposed line were authorized to subscribe to its capital stock in their corporate capacity, and, as history records, they seldom neg lected to vote the required aid to any railroad, albeit there was usually a pretty strong minority opposed to such measures, and numerous quarrels and much litigation have been entailed upon the people in consequence. But, then, the most flattering tales were told them. Without their subse quent and dearly bought experience, the people were led to believe that every man's farm would be a fortune if they would but aid liberally in the construction of railroads. After a time they began to discover the folly of such a course, but it was not until 1870 that they amended their constitu tion and prohibited such corporate action. But to return. Late in 1853, James Y. Gale, supervisor of the Town of Oregon, Enoch Wood, supervisor of the Town of Nashua, R. B. Light and eighty-two others, filed petitions with the county clerk, requesting him to call a special meeting of tbe board of supervisors for the purpose ot calling an election to determine whether the County of Ogle should take $100,000 in the capital stock of that railroad company. The meeting of the board, asked for by the i.ietitioners, was called and held on Thursday, December 29, 1853, when Mr. Wood presented the following : Resolved, That the Board of Supervisors of the County of Ogle order an election, in pursuance of an act entitled, '¦ An Act to provide for a general system of railroad incorpora tions," approved November 6, 1849, to be held in the several towns in said county, on the ninth day of February, A. D. 1854, at the usual places of holding general elections, and according to the laws now in force concerning general elections, for the purpose of giving the legal voters of said county an opportunity of voting for or against said Ogle County taking $100,0110 in the capiial stock ot the Chicago, St. Charles and Mississippi Air Line Railroad Company, and issuing the bonds of sa'd county for said amount, running twenty- five years and drawing eight per cent per annum. This resolution was adopted by yeas and nays, as follows : Yeas — James Y. Gale, James W. Johnston, Dauphin Brown, Gould G. Norton, Thomas Stinson, Washington Paddock, Millican Hunt, Enoch Wood— 8. Nays — L. N. Barber, Walter Donaldson, Spooner Ruggles, S. C. Cot ton, L. r. Piper, Samuel Doctor, Peter Mills — 7. . On the 6th day of February, 1854, the following document was filed in the office of the county clerk : We, G. L. Hubbard of Chicago, J, P. Smith, H. A. Mix, J. M. Russell, A. 0. Camp bell, Dudley Wood, Wesley Pierce, Lucius Reed, Hamilton Norton, Henry Sharer, George Swingley, M. M. York, Charles L. Patrick, A. M. Trumbull, Susan L. Patrick, Charles W. Murtfeldt, E. R. Tyler, S. M. Hitt, James V. Gale, E. F. Dutcher, Dexter Beanian, C. F. Emerson, N. W. Wadsworth, R. S. Hitt, M. Hunt, Washington Paddock, A. H. Hart, J. M. Hinkle, P. R. Bennett, P. R. Benneit, Jr., E. K. Light, R. B. Light, Miles B. Light, Clinton Helm, B. R. Stoddard, A. S. Tripp, P. Jacobs, T. H. Potwin, C' S. Marshall, George Gris wold, W. S. Blair, Henry A. Neiff, Andrew Newcomer, Samuel Thomas, Isaac Long, Jacob Coffman, Henry Thomas, E. Carroll, Jonathan Knodle, W. A. McNeill, R. C. Burchell, Joshua Thomas, P. G. Petrie, P. B. Rrayton, Asa Cohn, Daniel J. Pinckney, J. Hitt, J. W. Hiti, A. M. Hitt, D. A. Potter, James M. Webb, John Phelps, Elias Baker, A. J. King, Phineas Chrtney, E. M. Light, Elias Etnyre, E. S. Potter, A. I. Vaughan, Benjamin Boyle, all of Ogle County, Illinois, do hereby jointly and severally agree to and with said County of Ogle, in the State of Illinois (by the board of supervisors of said county), that we will, if the people of said county should, on the ninth (9lh) day of February next, vote to take one hundred thousand dollars in the capital stock of the Chicago, St. Charles and Missis- HISTOEY OF OGLE COUNTY. 431 sippi Air Line Railroad Company, and should issue their bonds in payment for said stock, and should receive certificates of stock from said railroad company, that we will, in case said county will assign us the certificates of stock so held by the county, that we will, in consideration thereof, execute to said county, in our joint and several capacities, a bond of indemnity against the bonds of said county, so issued in payment for said stock, with cov enants of warranty and indemnity against the principal and interest of said bonds, and in all things to save the county harmless from said bonds, and, farther to secure the faithful observance of said covenants, to mortgage real estate of the present value of one hundred thousand dollars or upwards, or other security, to be approved by the board of supervisors of said County of Ogle. We further agree, in order to carry out the foregoing proposition, to submit the same to the board of supervisors of said County of Ogle, at their first meeting after the taking of said vote, and should they concur herein, to execute the foregoing bond or bonds and mort gage or mortgages, in accordance with the foregoing proposition. In testimony whereof we have hereunto set our hands and seals this 3d day of Feb ruary, 1854. [Signed by the persons whose names appear above]. As ordered by the Board of Supervisors the election was held in the several towns in the county February 9, 1854, and the returns on file in the Clerk's office show that the proposition was accepted by the people of the county by a vote of 1,219 for the subscription, to 910 against the measure. flere the matter seems to have stopped, as there is no record of the issue of any bonds in payment for the stock voted for. Yarions individuals, however, subscribed for the capital stock of the C, St. C. & M. A. L. R. R. Company and paid some assessments thereon. No work was ever done on this road in Ogle County, and the people lost all tliey ever paid for the stock. The only work ever done on this route was to grade the road from Chicago to St. Charles, and the managers sold out to the Galena & Chicago Union Railroad Company. THE OGLE AITD CAEROLL COUNTY EAILEOAD COMPANY. By an act of the General Assembly of Illinois, entitled " An Act to incorporate the Ogle and Carroll County Railroad Company." Approved February 18, 1857," all such persons as may become stockholders agreeable to the provisions of this act " in the corporation created by the act were made "a body corporate and politic by the name and style of 'The Ogle and Carroll County Railroad Company,' " under the usual provisions and restrictions. Section 2 authorizes the company to "locate, construct and complete, maintain and operate a railroad from the Town of Lane (now Rochelle), in the County of Ogle, to the Town of Oregon in same county; from thence to the Town of Mt. Morris; from thence on the most eligible and direct route to or near the town of Mt. Carroll, in the County of Carroll ; from thence to the Mississippi River. The company was also empo\vered to construct said railroad east from Oregon to the City of Chicago. Section 3 fixed the capital stock of the company at one million dollars, divided into shares of one hundred dollars each. The directors were author ized to increase the capital stock to any sum not exceeding five millions, if necessary to complete the work. Section 4 appointed John R. Hotaling, Thomas Stinson, Elias S. Potter, Henry A. Mix, Elias Etnyre, Elias Baker, A. M. Hitt, Daniel Z. Herb and H. Hofhim, Commissioners to procure subscriptions to the capital stock who, when one hundred and fifty dollars should be subscribed, were directed to give twenty days notice of an election by the stockholders of nine 432 HISTOEY OF OGLE COUNTY. directors, who were to hold their office for one year and until their successors should be elected and qualified. The corporation was authorized to connect with, intersect or construct road in connection with any other railroad within the State of Illinois or elsewhere. By section 12 the proposed railroad was divided into three divisions sa follows: All said road lying east of the town of Oregon shall constitute the flrst division; and the portion thereof lying between the town of Oregon and the Illinois Central Railroad shall constitute ihe second division ; and that portion of said road lying between the Illinois Central Railroad and the town of Savanna shall constitute the third division. Section 13 provided that any township organization or any town incorporated or hereafter to be incorporated, through which said railroad may pass, "are hereby authorized and empowered to take stock in said road in their incoi'porated capacities, by a vote of the legal voters of said township or town; and the amount so taken shall not exceed fifty thousand dollars; which shall be levied and collected as other taxes are, and such township or town shall be subject to all the liabilities and have all the rights of a stockholder as provided in this act." The company made but little effort to organize under the original act, and two years later the charter was amended by " An Act to amend an Act entitled ' An act to incorporate the Ogle and Carroll County Railroad Com pany,' " approved Febriiary 24, 1859. By this act the company was authorized to organize and elect a directory " whenever stock to the amount of twenty thousand dollars should be subscribed, the number of directors was changed from nine to five, three of whom should constitute a quorum. James Y. Gale, Henry A. Mix, Joseph Sears, Edward F. Dutcher, Isaac Trask, Elias S. Potter, Langford Green, Miles B. Light, Francis Chase, Thomas Stinson, Robert C. Burchell and Charles C. Royce were made Com missioners in place of those named in the original act, and the road was to commence "on the east bank of Rock River, opposite the Town of Oregon; from thence on the most eligible route to the Galena and Chicago Union Air Line Railroad." The several villages and towns along or near the route of the road were authorized to subscribe to the stock of said company or make donations or lend their credit to it. Under this amendment the company was organized, and soon after its passage Frederick G. Petrie, James Y. Gale, D. S. Pride, Henry A. Mix and E. S. Potter were elected Directors; F. G. Petrie was elected President, and these officers continued without much change until 1869, when Mr. Petrie was still President, M. L. Ettenger, Secretary, and the Board of Directors consisted of F. G. Petrie, Elias S. Potter, James Y. Gale, Michael Nohe and Elbert K. Light. A meeting of the legal voters of the Town of Oregon was held at the Court house February 4, 1860. Charles F. Emerson was chosen Moderator. At this meeting the town voted to donate thirty thousand dollars to the Railroad Company by a vote of 137 to 24, to aid in the construction of the first division of the road from the east bank of Rock River opposite the village of Oregon to some point on the Galena and Chicago Union Air Line Railroad. But no work was done on the road, and of course the donation was not actually made. In February, 1865, a special town meeting was held in Oregon, when the town vote to subscribe for $50,000 of the stock of the Ogle and Carroll County Railroad Company to be paid for in bonds after HtSTOKY Ot OGLE COUNTY. 433 the completion of the first division of the road, which was required to be done in two years. At this meeting, all former donations and subscriptions in aid of any railroad were rescinded, and it was ordered that the town should elect annually at the annual town meetings a board of ten men who should each represent $5,000 of stock at the meetings of the company, and at the next annual meeting, April 4, 1865, the following " Railroad Kepresentatives " were elected, viz.: F. G. Petrie, C. S. Marshall, E. K. Light, M. Nohe, M. L. Ettinger, D. Etnyre, John Sharp, O. Wilson, Joseph Sears and J. E. Snowden. But at another special meeting held on Saturday, February 9, 1867, the town voted almost unanimously to rescind the vote of 1865 subsciibing to the capital stock and to donate $50,000 to the company under certain specified conditions and restrictions. During all these years, however, notwithstanding Oregon and other towns had repeatedly voted aid, the company had accomplished nothing toward the construction of the road. The nearest railroad point to Oregon, the county seat, was at Franklin Grove, Lee County, on the Chicago & Northwestern Railroad, twelve miles away. The Ogle and Carroll County Railroad Company had a contract with the old Galena and Chicago Union Railrpad Company by which a junction of the two roads was contemplated at Lane (now Rochelle), and this contract provided certain drawbacks on business furnished, etc., when the first division of the O. & C. C. R. R. should be in operation. In the Spring o^ 1867, shortly after the last vote by the Town of Oregon above noticed, the contract to build a new wagon bridge across Rock River at Oregon was awarded to Messrs. Cnnda & Hinckley, of Chicago. Mr. Francis E. Hinckley had the supervision of the work. While here Mr. Hinckley became aware of the existence of the charter of the Ogle & Car roll County Railroad Company and the condition of its affairs. He became interested, investigated the matter and determined that the road should be built. He waited upon the officers of the Chicago & Northwestern Rail road, who expressed a willingness to carry out the terms of the contract with the old G. & C. U. Company, and agreed to furnish the iron ^nd ties as soon as the work of grading was completed, and the preliminaries relating to use of cars, drawbacks, etc., should be arranged. The firm of Cauda & Hinckley dissolved and Mr. Hinckley assumed sole control of the enterprise, "having," it is authoritatively stated, "possessed himself of a contract for the rights and franchises of the Ogle & Carroll County Railroad Company." But further legislation seemed to be necessary. The act incorporating the Ogle & Carroll County Railroad Company was again amended by "An Act to amend an act entitled "An Act to incorporate the Ogle' & Carroll County Railroad Company," approved March 3, 1869. By this act the first division of the road was made to com mence on the east bank of Rock River, opposite the Town of Oregon, thence on the most eligible route to a connection with the Chicago & North western Railway or any other railroad leading to the City of Chicago. The second division extended from Oregon to the Mississippi River. The com pany was also authorized to build a branch of their road to the City of Eockford. Section five of this act provided that " the several towns, villages a,nd cities along or near the route of the railrotid, in their corporate capacity flight subscribe to the stock of said company, or make donations thereto, 434 HISTOEY OF OGLE COUNTY. or lend its or their credit to said company to aid in constructing or equipping said road or any division or branch thereof; provided, that no such sub scription, donation or loan shall be made until the same shall be voted for" by the people of the respective towns, cities and villages. Section six of the act provided that the clerks of such " towns, villages or city" should call elections to determine whether such town, village or city shall subscribe to capital stock, make donation or loan of credit, on written application of twenty voters, stating the amount and whether sub scribed, donated or loaned, rate of interest and time of payment, and minutely prescribed the mode of proceeding, by whom bonds voted should be signed, and to the extent taxes might be levied. THE CHICAGO AND IOWA EAILEOAD. On the same day on which the above amendatory act was approved, " An Act to incorporate the Chicago and Iowa Railroad Company " was also approved. This act provided that "all such persons as may become stockholders in the corporation " should be a body politic and corporate, etc. This company was authorized to locate, construct, complete, maintain and operate a railroad from Chicago to a crossing of Rock River at or near the Town of Oregon, thence through Ogle and Carroll Counties to the Missis sippi River at Savanna; thence up said river to Galena and the northern boundary of the state. The capital stock was fixed at one million dollars, in shares of one hundred dollars each, and might be increased by the directors to any sum not exceeding five millions. H. S. Townsend, J. W. White, N. Halderman, John M. Adair, Fred- ' erick G. Petrie, L. H. Bowen, James Y. Gale, David B. Stiles, Jonas S. Meckling, P. B. Shumway and Francis E. Hinckley were made commis sioners to procure subscriptions to the capital stock of the company. When $100,000 were subscribed, these commissioners were directed to call a meet ing of the stockholders for the election of directors. The company was authorized to unite, connect or consolidate with any other railroad "con structed or which may hereafter be constructed" in Illinois or Iowa. Towns, villages and citizes were authorized to subscribe for stock, make donations or loan their credit to this railroad. This act authorized the construction of a railroad over substantially the route of the Ogle & Carroll County Railroad Company, and is in its provisions practically the same as provided in the amendment to the act incorporating that company. The Chicago & Iowa Railroad Company was organized soon after its incorporation, by the election of Francis E. Hinckley, James Y. Gale, Fred erick G. Petrie, Elias S.Potter, and David B. Stiles, Directors; and the board organized by the election of Francis E. Hinckley, President, and James Y. Gale, Yice President. Thenceforward the work was prosecuted by this company, superseding the Ogle and Carroll County Railroad Company, although the organization of the latter was ostensibly maintained until a somewhat later period. On the 23d day of April, 1869, Lewis Hormell and seventy others, legal voters ofthe Town of Oregon, filed an application with the town clerk, for an election, to determine whether said Town of Oregon should make a donation to the Ogle and Carroll County Railroad Company, of fifty thousand dollars in the bonds of town, payable at the option of the town HISTOEY OF OGLE COUNTY. 435 within twenty years, and bearing seven per cent interest, per annum, payable annually. " Said bonds notto be issued, dated or delivered, until said com pany shall have completed the laying of the track in condition to run trains over the same, with a T rail, weighing not less than forty-five pounds to the yard, from a connection or intersection with the Chicago & North western Railway, to a point opposite the Yillage of Oregon, within one half mile of Rock River, and shall have equipped the same with rolling stock sufficient to operate a daily train to and from said Yillage of Oregon, for the accommodation of freight and passengers; nor until said company shall have released said town for any and all liabilities on account of donations heretofore voted. Said vote to be void unless the first division of said rail road shall be completed and equipped as aforesaid, on or before the first day of January, A. D. 1870. The clerk called the election on the 24th day of May, when 153 votes were cast: 152 votes were for the donation, and there was one vote against proposition. During the Summer and Autumn of 1869, the engineers of the Chicago & Iowa Railroad Company, surveyed and located the road from Rochelle, to Oregon, ttie work of grading was commenced and nearly completed. Just before completing the grade of this road, Henry Keep, of New York, had been elected president of the Chicago & Northwestern Railroad Company, and when Mr. Hinckley called upon Mr. Dunlap for the iron, the latter gentleman told him he could not furnish it. He only knew those were his orders, and could not tell why they were made. Mr. Hinckley, accompa nied by Mr. Petrie, immediately went to New York, but Mr. Keep could be induced to give no reason for violating the agreement, further than that it was not to be the policy of his company to foste^r or encourage any more branches. On the application of Elbert K. Light, James Y. Gale, and thirty-five others, legal voters of the Town of Oregon, the town clerk, Wm. Schultz, called another town meeting on Thursday, December 9, 1869, to determine whether said town, in its corporate capacity, would donate to the Ogle and Carroll County Railroad Company, ten thousand dollars in the bonds of the town, payable ten years from date, at ten per cent interest, upon the fol lowing conditions, viz. : Said bonds not to be issued or delivered unless the said company shall accept and re ceipt for the same as a payment of ten thousand dollars upon the amount of fifty thousatid dollars, voted by said town to said comjjany, on the 24th day of May, 1869, and in case said company shall so accept and receipt for the same, said bonds to be deliverable upon the demand of said company at any time after the same shall be voted, and to bear date of the day of delivery ; and when delivered to said company, to be payable absolutely, and to be free from all conditions of forfeiture contained in Siiid vote of the 34tli d:iy of May, A. D. 1869, but wiih the express understandins that the condition as to forfeiture contained in said vote of the a4th day of May, A. D. 1869, shall not be construed to be waived by said part payment, as to the remaining forty thousand dollars, of said amount of fifty thousand dol lars, heretofore voted as aforesaid. On the djiy appointed, E. J. Reiman was elected Moderator; 120 votes were cast as follows: for donation, 109 votes; against donation, 11 votes. This donation was made to aid in paying for the grading of the road from Rochelle to Oregon, which was then partly done. On the I6th day of December, 1869, the Ogle and Carroll County Railroad Company, by F. G. Petrie, President, and M. L. Ettinger, Sec retary, executed its deed of acceptance of the donation and receipt therefor. 436 HISTOEY OE OGLE COUNTY. The returns of the town clerk, certifying the results of this election^ was filed in the office of the county clerk, July 1, 1871. The bonds under this vote were issued December 16, 1869, by George P. Jacobs, Esq., super visor of said town, and countersigned by Wm. Shultz, Town Clerk. The failure, or refusal, of the Chicago & Northwestern Railroad Com pany to furnish the iron and ties for the road delayed its completion, but Mr. Hinckley and his associates at length succeeded in making satisfactory arrangements with Mr. Joy, President of the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad Company for a connection with that road, and for drawbacks, etc., and it was deterinined to make the connection at Aurora, as the C. & I., by the terms of its charter might make connection with any road between Cliicago and the Mississippi River. An appeal was made to the cities and towns along the proposed line of the road for aid. Aurora voted one hun dred thousand dollars, Flagg fifty thousand, Mt. Morris and Forreston each seventy-five thousand, Alto, Lee County, thirty-three thousand, and several of the towns between Alto and Aurora twenty-five thousand dollars each; Pine Rock ten thousand dollars, Nashua five thousand dollars. Capitalists in New York were then interested to the extent of advancing a million dollars on a first mortgage, and late in the Fall of 1870 grading commenced in Aurora, and on the thirty-first day of December, 1870, the construction train of the Chicago & Iowa Railroad was run through Rochelle. The election at Flagg was hotly contested, and the vote for the donation was carried by only nine majority. By the terms upon which the donations was voted, to be entitled to it, the company was required to complete its road " into and through the Town of Flagg " by the first day of January, 1871. As before stated, the train was run to Rochelle at ten o'clock on the night of December 31, but the township line being some four miles beyond Rochelle, and about two miles of track being yet unlaid, the opponents of the donation claimed that the town was released from obligation, and secured an injunction to prevent the issue of the bonds. This is still pending. Mt. Morris compromised and issued $50,000 of bonds, which are now in process of payment. Forreston refused to issue the bonds voted, and in the course of the litigation which followed was, in tbe person of its Super visor, Mr. Tice, imprisoned, but the case was finally compromised, and about $.)0,000 of bonds were issued, which are now in process of payment. Pine Rock and Nashua issued the amount voted. In some cases the dona tions were made to the Ogle & Carroll County Railroad; in others to the Chicago & Iowa. When the road was completed to Rochelle a train consisting of an old locomotive, baggage car and one passenger car, was put on between that city and Aurora, "daily if the snow permitted," and the frain "run" one way and " backed " the other. The way " Billy " Ayers used to " play horse," as Charlie Dean expressed it, with the old, leaky, wheezy, demoralized "Advance," and his zealous efforts to keep water enough in her old boiler to prevent an explosion are not yet forgotten. A few days before the amendment to the constitution of the state, pro hibiting cities, towns, etc., from making donations to railroads, went into force, and while'efforts to raise money were being made all along the line, on the23d day of June, 1870, yet aiu)tlier town meeting in Oregon was held to settle this much vexed question. This was called by F. H. Marsh, Town Clerk, on the application of H. A. Mix (2d), Ed. T. Ritchie E. B. Frost and sixty- fllSTOKY OF OGLE COUNTY. 437 four others, legal voters in the town, to determine whether the town would make a donation to the Ogle & Carroll County Railroad Company of forty thousand dollars in the bonds of said town, payable at the option of the town within twenty years from date thereof,, bearing interest at 7 per cent per annum, payable annually, to aid in the construction pf the first division of said Ogle & Carroll County Railroad, under the following conditions. Said bonds not to be issued, dated or delivered until said company shall have com pleted said first division of said railroad with a T rail weighing not less than forty-five pounds to the yard, in condition to run trains thereon from a connection or intersection with the Chicago & Northwestern Railway, to a point at and within said town of Oregon, within one half-mile of the east bank of Rock River, and shall have equipped the same with rolling stock suflScient to operate a daily train to and from said town for the accom modation of passengers and freight, nor until said company shall have released said town from all liability on account of donations heretofore voted, except a donation of ten thousand dollars voted by said town on the 9th day of December, 1869 ; said vote of forty thousand dollars to be null and void unless said flrst division of said railroad shall be completed and equipped as aforesaid, on or before the first day of January, A. D., 1871, but in case the same shall be so completed and equipped within the time aforesaid, and said company shall execute and deliver said release, then said bonds to be deliverable upon demand of said company, and to bear date of the day of delivery. The meeting was held on the day above mentioned. E. J. Reiman was elected moderator, and 175 ballots were cast, 163 for the donation and 12 against the proposition. Return was made to the county clerk, Julv 7, 1870. The road„ however, was not completed as above required, on the 1st day of January, 1871. The following is a copy of a document on file in the office of the Town Clerk of Oregon, certified to be correct by the Town Clerk, T. A.. Jewett, Esq. It is written with a pencil on coarse straw paper, such as grocers use, as follows: To F. A. Mabsh, Town Clerk of Town of Oregon, 111.. Sir: Please take notice that I hereby resign the office of Supervisor of said town. Attest. MoBTiMEft W. Smith. Oregon, III., Dec. 30, 1870. On page 17, of Book B, of the records of the Town of Oregon is the following : Town of Oregon, County of [ Ogle and State of Illinois. ( To Fred H. Marsh, Clerk of the Town of Oregon : Sir: I have the honor to hand you this day my resignation as Supervisor of the Town of Oregon. M. W. Smith. Dated at Oregon, this 30th day of Dec, A. D. 1870. On the same page with the above is the following entry: Town Clerk's Office, Oregon, 111. Board of Auditors met for the purpose of filling the vacancy of Supervisor, caused by the resignation of M. W. Smith. E. S. Potter was appointed to fill the vacancy, and the clerk ordered to give the certiflcate of appointment to the said E. S. Potter. Witness our hands this 31st day of December, A. D. 1870. JAMES H. CARTWRIGHT, J. P. F. H. Mabsh, Town Clerk. Mr. Potter was a director in the Chicago & Iowa Railroad Company, but resigned to accept the appointment of Supervisor. Mr. Potter filed his official bond bearing the same date — December 31, 1870— with F. Qr. Petrie and James V. Gale as sureties. 438 HISTOEY OF OGLE COUNTY. On page 20, book " B " of the Oregon town records, the proceedings of the annual meeting of the Board of Auditors of the Town of Oregon, held on the 28th day of March, 1871, are signed by E. S. Potter, Super visor; J. H. Cartwright, J. P. and F. H. Marsh, Town Clerk. By reference to the terms of the vote by which the Town of Oregon donated $40,000 of bonds of the town to the Ogle & Carroll County Rail road CoKipany it will be seen that to be entitled to receive them that com pany was required to have the first division of its road completed and equipped on or before the Ist day of January, 1871. The road was not completed until the 1st day of April following. The bonds of the town, amounting to $40,000 as voted, were signed by E. S. Potter, Supervisor; countersigned by Frederick H. Marsh, Town Clerk, and bore date Decem ber 31, 1870. They reached the hands of Mr. Hinckley, President of the Chicago & Iowa Railroad Company, by whom the road was built, who disposed of them. On the 4th day of April, 1871, at the annual meeting of the Town of Oregon, it was not known to the people of the town that the bonds had already been issued, nor was it generally known that Mf. Potter had been appointed Supervisor in place of Smith, resigned. The road had been completed four days before, and the question " shall the bonds issue," was the real issue in the election of Supervisor and other town officers. The lines were sharply drawn, the friends and opponents of the measure were nearly evenly divided, and the election was an exciting one. The election of Mr. George Dwight as Supervisor, however, was claimed as a victory by those who favored the issue of the bonds on the completion and equipment of the road. Even if it had not been within the time specified by tbe town on the 23d day of June, 1870, provided it could be done legally under the amendment of the constitution. At the October (1871) term of the Circuit Court of Ogle County, Justice W. W. Heaton (now deceased) presiding, a bill in chancery was filed by William J. Mix, Hugh Rea, Edwin A. Hinkle, Michael Seyster, John Y. Gale, John M. Schneider, James Rea, Isaac S. Woolley, Robert 0. Burchell, Robert Rea, James C. T. Phelps and Almira M. Bacon, praying that Elias S. Potter, Frederick G. Petrie, James V. Gale, Michael Nohe, Elbert K. Light, The Ogle and Carroll County Railroad Com pany. The Chicago and Iowa Railroad Company, Francis E. Hinckley, George Dwight, as Supervisor of the Town of Oregon ; Frederick H. Marsh, Town Clerk of said Town of Oregon; James H. Cartwright and John Rutledge, Justices of the Peace of said Town of Oregon; the last four named as the Board of Audit ors of the Town of Oregon; Albert Woodcock, Clerk of the County ot Ogle, and the Town of Oregon, be made parties to their bill of complaint, and summoned to answer all matters and things therein contained, and prayed for a writ of injunction to restrain the Town of Oregon trom causing any tax to be levied lor the payment of the ten thousand dollars, or the forty thousand dollars, or any part thereof, or the interest thereon or any part thereof; also to restrain the Board of Town Auditors and their succes sors in office, from levying any town tax for the year 1871, at their annual meeting, or at any other time, for the purpose of paying the interest on any of said bonds for the year 1871. or 1872. The bill further prayed that the Board of Town Auditors and their successors in office be enjoined and restrained from auditing and allowing any amount as due from said Town of Oregon on any or either of said bonds, either for principal or interest; HtSTOBY OB" OGLE COUNTY. 439 that the Town Clerk and his successors be enjoined from filing any such certificate and from including any amount of principal or interest of such bonds in any aggregate amount of claims against the town; that the Super visor and his successors in office be restrained from laying before the Board of Supervisors of Ogle County any statement of claims against the town which should include any portion of such bonds or interest; that the County Clerk be restrained from extending any tax upon the collector's book of Oregon to pay any part of the principal or interest of such bonds. The complainants further prayed that Francis E. Hinckley, The Chicago & Iowa Railroad Company, Frederick G. Petrie, The Ogle & Carroll County Railroad Company, "or whoever may appear to be the holders or to have possession of said bonds or any or either of them or any of the coupons attached, may be decreed to deliver up such bonds and coupons to be can celled, and that the same may be cancelled accordingly." Attached to this bill is the following endorsement: State of Illinois, ) 22d Judicial District, j '*'*¦ To the Clerk of the Ogle County Circuit Court : On the filing of this bill let a writ of injunction issue as in said bill is prayed. August 28, 1871. W. W. Heaton, Judge. The holders of the $40,000 of bonds issued by Mr. Potter were unknown, but on the 10th day of January, 1873, Eliza Jennings filed an affidavit and petition in tbe Ogle Circuit Court averring that she was a citizen of the State of Alabama and had been since September 1, 1869, that she was the holder and owner of " twenty of these certain bonds issued by the said Town of Oregon to the Ogle & Carroll County Railroad Com pany, each being for the sum of one thousand dollars, and that she purchased said bonds in good faith and paid a valuable consideration for the same." Mrs. Jennings prayed that the cause, suit and proceedings, so far as said suit interested or concerned her, and was against her and said bonds issued by said Town of Oregon as aforesaid, might be removed into the Circuit Court of the United States. She also tendered a bond in the penal sum of $500, with Frederick G. Petrie surety, conditioned that she would enter the case in said United States Court on the 22d day of January, 1873. The bond was approved, and the Court, Judge Heaton, presiding, decreed that "this suit and all proceedings therein, so far as it relates to or concerns the defendant, Eliza Jennings, or her interest in said bonds, be removed to the Circuit Court of the United States in and for the Northern District of Illinois," where her case is still pending. The case was continued in the Circuit Court of Ogle County, except that part removed to the United States Court as above stated, until the special September term, A. D. 1873, when the following entry was made on the judge's docket by Judge Heaton: October 3, 1873. The Supervisor of the Town of Oregon, by G. M. Dwight, moves for leave to withdraw his answer and the answer of the Town of Oregon. Answers with drawn. Town of Oregon and George M. Dwight called and defaulted. Leave given defendants to amend answer. Cause heard and decree for complainants for $40,li00 and for defendantii as to $10,000 of bonds, etc. At this date (April, 1878) no decree appears of record, and it is impos sible to state the "legal premises upon which the court based its decision. The sworn testimony in the case on file in the courts, presents the follow ing: 440 HISTOET OF 0GLE~C0U»Tt. 1st. That on the flrst day of June, 1870, the franchise and property of the Ogle and Carroll County Railroad Company, were fornially transferred, under the hand and seal of the President thereof, Mr. Frederick Q. Petrie, to the Chicago & Iowa Railroad Com pany. 2d. That Mr. Potter was appointed supervisor in place of Smith, resigned, on the evening of the 3d day of April, 1871 ; that his official bond was filed on tbe same night with the town clerk, and that both the appointment and the bond were ante-dated to Dec. 31, 1870. 3d. That the bonds of the town for |40,000, also ante-dated Dec. 31, 1870, were signed by E. S. Potter, Supervisor, after his appointment, in the night between the 3d and 4th days of April, 1871, and passed out of the possession of the town officers during the same night. The road was completed, as before stated, from Rochelle to a point on the east bank of Rock River, opposite Oregon City, April 1, 1871, and regular trains for passengers and freight were put on. The station was located on the south side of the road, leading from Oregon to Pine Rock Township, about half a mile a little south ot east of the east end of the bridge at the foot of Waf-hington Street. The location of the road, however, was changed soon afterwards, from Willow Creek Bridge, about three miles from this station to the present line, and January 15, the first work of grading, on the west side of the Rock River, was commenced on Mr. Little's farm, about a mile west of the river. Work on the bridge, located about a mile below the foot of Washington Street, was commenced in July, and the structure was completed, and the cars crossed it for the first time, October 20, 1871. The first passenger train was run to Mt. Morris November 12. On the 28th of the same month, 1871, the road was completed to Forreston, and the people celebrated the event in grand style. When the railroad bridge. was completed, trains were discontinued on the old track, from Willow Creek to the station on tbe east bank of the river, but the removal of the track was enjoined by legal proceedings. The next year, however, a compromise was eft'ecied, and the old track on the east side was taken up. The change of location above mentioned was unexpected, and to it perhaps, may be attrib uted many of the complications and difficulties that have since arisen. Upon the completion of the road to Forreston, a connection was made with the Illinois Central Railroad, which opened a route from Chicago to Sioux City, Iowa. A contract was made between the two roads, by which the cars of the I. C. R. R. reach Chicago over the C. & I. R. R. New depots were erected along the line in 1872, through passenger trains be tween Chicago and Dubuque were put on, and the road entered upon a period of good management and general prosperity. The first station agent at Rochelle was David A. Elmore, who soon resigned, and was suc ceeded by Mr. W. II. Holcomb, who is now the Receiver of the road. The first station agent at Oregon was Frederick H. Marsh; at Mt. Morris, Chas. Newcomer. , In August, 1877, the general freight office was removed from Chicago to Rochelle, where the auditor's office is also located. KENOSHA, EOCKFOED AND EOCK ISLAND EAILEOAD. This company was organized in 1856, with C. H. Spafford, President. In March, 1857, the contract for the construction of the road from Rock ford to H arvard was awarded, and work was commenced early in that year, and was completed in JNovember, 1859. It was designed that this road should extend from Rockford to Oregon, thence to Dixon, and the route was surveyed about 1860, and in 1861 various towns, villages and cities HIBTOBT OF OGLE COUBTT. 441 voted aid and subscriptions to the capital stock of the company. Oregon h6ld a town meeting January 21, 1861, subscribed for $35,000 of the stock by vote of 134 to 18, and appointed William J. Mix to represent the stock subscribed at all meetings of the directors of the road until the next annual meeting. Several other towns voted aid to this enterprise, but there is nothing further of record relating to the road, which, it is needless to add, was not built. EOCKFOED, EOCK ISLAND AND ST. LOUIS EAILEOAD. On Thursday, February 10, 1870, the people of Oregon voted a sub scription to the capital stock of the Rockford, Rock Island and St. Louis Railroad Company, conditioned that no bonds should be delivered in pay ment therefor until the road should be constructed at and within the Town of Oregon, and was to be void if the road was not so constructed and in operation before January 1, 1871. It was in aid of an effort to build the road from Sterling to Rockford, and other towns in the county responded to the call. But the road was not built, and afterwards the old Rockford, Eock Island and St. Louis was purchased by a new company called the ST. LOUIS, EOCK ISLAND AND CHICAGO, , at the nominal sum of $10,000 per mile, bonds for the payment of which were given to the German capitalists who owned the old road. In the Spring of 1876 that company made the following proposition to the citizens of the Rock River Yalley: Resolved, That if the people living between Sterling and Rockford will donate the right of way and sufficient grounds for depot purposes, for building a railroad from Ster ling to Rockford, and will then subscribe enough money in stock and bonds, said bonds not to be in excess of $300,000, to build said railroad, under the supervision ot an engineer to be appointed by this company, that this company will operate said road as a part of its own line, and will pro-rate with it on all freight and passenger business passing over it, or origi nating, or terminating on the same, and allow to holders of its stock and bonds 25 per cent of its gross earnings. This company furthermore guaranteeing that said 25 per cent shall amount to no less than 7 per cent interest per annum on the bonds outstanding, and requiring that if the said 25 per cent shall be in excess of the interest named, then said excess shall be used, flrst, for the payment of dividends on the stock to the amount of not exceeding 10 per cent, and any surplus after paying the interest on the bonds, and 10 per cent dividend on the stock, shall be used for the redemption of the bonded debt until the same be wholly liquidated. After the redemption of all the outstanding funded debt, the said railroad shall belong to and become the property of the St. Louis, Rock Island & Chicago Railroad Company, and each stockholder shall be entitled to an amount of new stock to be issued by the St. Louis, Rock Island & Chicago Railroad Company, equal to the amount of stock which each one held in the said above mentioned road. We hereby certify that the foregoing is a true copy of a resolution adopted by the Board of Directors of the St. Louis, Rock" Island & Chicago Railroad Company, at its meet ing on Tuesday, May 23, 1876. H. OSTERBERG, President. Walter Tkdmbtjll, Secretary. Subsequently five of the seven directors of the company agreed to guarantee that the 25 per cent of the gross earnings would pay seven per cent on the $300,000 bonds, and an annual dividend of $10,000; or they would issue two kinds of stock — upon one kind they would guarantee six per cent interest, and no more, and upon the other the holder might re ceive as high as ten per cent, bat mnst take l^is own chances upon the earuv ings of tbe road. 442 HISTOEY OF OGLE COUNTY. On Monday, May 29, 1876, the officers of the St. Louis, Rockford and Chicago Railroad Company, held an inquiry meeting at Dixon, and sub mitted to the people the question, " Will you build a railroad? " At first, said Mayor Hawley, of Dixon, " It fell like a wet blanket upcm our hopes." "The bare idea," says the Oregon Courier of June 12, " that the citizens of this valley were called upon to build a railroad; to own, operate, and have a railroad; to grade, tie, bridge, iron, and rent a railroad, seemed so absurd, that no body wanted to get within forty feet of the Baron (Oster berg) who proposed it, lest perchance, their little all should be swallowed up by the immense and terrible affair." But, after listening to the argu ments of Baron Osterberg, Judge Gould. Charles Deere, and others of the St. L., R. & C. R. R., a more favorable impression prevailed. The people organized a stock company under the laws of the state, known as the Rock River Valley Railroad Company, for the purpose of constructing a road from Sterling to Rockford. The estimated cost of grading and bridging this road — 52 miles — was -set down in round figures, . at $200,000. This money the new company wanted to raise. If they could raise it and grade the road, then there were responsible parties who stood ready to tie and iron the road for $300,000 worth of seven per cent bonds. Mr. Brewster said the St. L., R. & C. company would guarantee the ties and iron, and put them down for that sum. There were then, and are now, differences of opinion in relation to the motives of Mr. Osterberg and his associates. Some were convinced that he honestly intended to build the road if the required aid were fur nished, while others as stoutly maintain that such was never his design, that the object was to create an enthusiasm along the proposed line, on the strength of which a sale could be effected, of the entire road. However this may be, it is certain that while the route was surveyed, and sites for depots selected, the people called upon Mr. Osterberg for a reduction of his terms, and finally the whole scheme was abantloned. EOCKEOED CENTEAL EAILEOAD. The importance of a railroad in the Rock River Valley early engaged the attention of the people, and on the 7th of March, 1855, the Rockford Central Railroad Company was organized with the following officers: President, R. P. Lane; Secretary, E. H. Baker; Treasurer, C. H. Spafford; Attorney, Jason Marsh; Chief Engineer, R. Ogilby; Consulting Engineer, R. B. Mason; Executive Committee, M. Starr, Jason Marsh, D. S. Penfield. This road was designed to run from Rockford to Mendota, on the Illinois Central Railroad, and to extend northward up Rock River to Beloit, Wisconsin, and other points in that direction. And its object was to afford the people of the Rock River Valley direct communication with the coal fields in the southern part of the state, and the lumber districts of Wiscon sin. Other enterprises coming on about that time, operations were never commenced on this line, other than mere temporary surveys, until the Spring of 1871, when the project was revived, and a large amount was expended in 1871-'2 in grading in Rockford, and between that city and Rochelle, and in building substantial stone piers for a bridge at Rockford. Eighteen or twenty miles of the road were"graded on the line of the road from the Kishwankee River along and near the third principal meridian to White Rock. This road was called the "Tinker route" fron; Robert H. HISTOEY OF OGLE COUNTY. 443 Tinker, who was largely interested in the road. But funds gave out, and the nrojectors were forced to abandon the enterprise. THE CHICAGO, EOCKFOED & NOETHEEN EAILEOAD. In 1874, the project of building a road over the route of the Rockford Central was revived and a new company was organized for this purpose, in which Mr. F. E. Hinckley, of the Chicago & Iowa Railroad, was largely inter ested. The line of the road was located about three miles east of the old "Tinker route " in Ogle County, on which so much work had been done. Work was commenced in 1874, and in 1875 the road was completed for a junction with the Chicago & Iowa, at Flagg Center, ' three miles from Rochelle northward through the Townships of Flagg, White Rock and Scott, crossing the Chicago & Pacific Railroad at Davis Junction, thence to Rock ford, and regular rains commenced running in the same year. THE CHICAGO AND PACIFIC EAILEOAD. This road was originally designed for a narrow guage road from Chi cago to the Mississippi River, to cross Ogle County, but subsequently the ordinary guage of other railroads was adopted, whether wisely or not is still a disputed question. It was completed to Rock River at Byron March 19, 1875. By the liberality of the enterprising and public spirited citizens of Byron, a substantial bridge, nearly 800 feet in length, was built across Rock River during the Summer and Autumn of that year, and on the 30th day of December, 1875, the first train crossed it and entered the Village of Byron, which is at present, and is likely to be for some time to come, the western terminus of the road. THE NORTHERN BOUNDARY QUESTION. When the Illinois Territorial Legislature petitioned Congress for the admission of the territory as a sovereign state, the document was sent to . Nathaniel Pope, the territorial delegate, by whom it was promptly presented, and it was referred to the proper committee, which instructed Mr. Pope to prepare and report a bill in accordance with its prayer. The bill, as drawn in accordance with these instructions, did not embrace the present area of Illinois, and when it was reported to Congress, certain amendments pro posed by Mr. Pope wore reported with it. It was generally supposed that the hne established by the ordinance of 1787, namely: the line drawn through the southern point of Lake Michigan, west to the Mississippi, was to be the northern boundary of the new state. But this, if adopted, would have left the port of Chicago in the Territory of Michigan, as well as all the territory now embraced within the limits of fourteen rich and populous counties in northern Illinois. A critical examination of the ordinance, however, convinced Mr. Pope that Congress had the power and could right fully extend the northern boundary of the state as far beyond the line pro vided in 1787 as it pleased. The principal amendments proposed by Mr. Pope, therefore, were, first, that the northern boundary of the new state should be extended to the parallel of 42 deg. 30 min. north latitude — this would give a good harbor on Lake Michigan; and secondly, more important than the boundary line, to apply the three per cent fund arising from the sale of public lands to educational purposes, instead of making roads, as 444 BierOBYOF OGLE OOUilTT. had been the case in Ohio and Indiana. These amendments were adopted without serious opposition, and Illinois was declared an independent state. These important changes in the original bill, says Mr. Ford in his History of Illinois, "were proposed and carried through both Houses of Congress by Mr. Pope on his own responsibility. The Territorial Legisla ture had not petitioned for them — no one had suggested them, but they met the general approval of the people." The change of the boundary line, however, suggested to Mr. Pope — from the fact that the boundary as defined by the ordinance of 1787, would have left Illinois without a harbor on Lake Michigan — did not meet the unqualified approval of the people in the north western part of the new state. For many years the northern boundary of the state was not definitely known, and the settlers in the northern tier of counties did not know whether they were in Illinois or Michigan Territory. Under the provisions of the ordinance of 1787, Wisconsin at one time laid claim to a portion of northern Illinois, "including," says Mr. Ford, writing in 1847, "fourteen counties, embracing the richest and most populous part of the state." October 27, 1827, nine years after the admission of the state. Dr. Horatio Newhall, who had then recently arrived at the Fever River Settlement, wrote to his brother as follows: "It is uncertain whether I am in the boundary of Illinois or Michigan." In October, 1828, a petition was sent to Congress from the people of that part of Illinois lying north of the line established by the ordinance of 1787, and that part of the Territory of Michigan west of Lake Michigan, praying for the formation of a new territory. A bill had been introduced at the previous session of Congress for the establishment of a new territory north of the State of Illinois, to be called " Huron Territory," upon which report had been made, in part, favor able to the wishes of the petitioners, but they asked for the re-establishment of the line as ordained by Congress in 1787. They declared "that the people inhabiting the territory northwest of the Ohio had a right to expect that the territory lying north of an * east and west line passing through the southernmost end of Lake Michigan,' to the Mississippi River, and between said lake, the Mississippi and the Canada line, would eemain together" as a territory and state. They declared that this was a part of the compact, unchangeably granted by the people of the original states to the people who should inhabit the "territory northwest of the Ohio." They declared that the change of the chartered limits, when Illinois was made a state, was open invasion of their rights in a body when they were unrepresented in either territorj' ; that " an unrepresented people, without their knowledge or consent, have been transferred from one sovereignty to another." They urged that the present " division of the miners by an ideal line, separating into different governments individuals intimately connected in similar pur suits, is embarrassing." They asked for " even-handed justice," and the restoration of their "chartered limits." The Galena Miners' Journal, of October 25, 1828, which contains the full text of the petition, says: "We do not fully agree with the memorialists in petitioning Congress again to dispose of that tract of country which has once been granted to Illinois; but we think that it would be for the interest of the miners to be erected, together with the adjoining count}' above, into a separate territoryi And we firmly believe, too, that Congress departed from the clear and express terms of their own ordinance passed in the year 1787, when they granted to the State of Illinois nearly a degree and a half of latitude of the ohak- TEBED LIMITS of tbis couutry, Wbetber Congress will annex this tract to HISTOEY OF OGLE COUNTY 445 the "new territory we much dotibt, but we believe the ultimate decision of the United States Court will be, that the northern boundary line of the State of Illinois shall commence at the southernmost end of Lake Michigan." The petition was unavailing, and the northern line of Illinois remains unchanged, but the agitation of the subject by the people of this region continued. During the Winter of 1839-'40 a strong movement was inaugurated in the northern counties of the state for the annexation of all that part of the state lying north of the line above described to Wisctmsin. This movement, it is said, originated at Galena, and that one of the objects sought appears to have been to locate the capital of the new State of Wisconsin at that place. A public meeting was held at the court house in Galena, Feb ruary 1, 1840, "to express an opinion in relation to the boundary question between the State of Illinois and the Territory of Wisconsin." C. S. Hempstead was called to the chair, and O. S. Johnson appointed secretary; Dr. A. T. Crow, H. H. Gear, John Atchison, T. B. Farnsworth, John Dowling, C. S. Hempstead and O. S. Johnson were appointed a committee to collect facts in relation to the question at Issue, which was the annexation of Northern Illinois to Wisconsin. Thomas Melville, Frederick Stahl and M. M. Maughs were appointed to correspond with the people in the various districts of the " Disputed Territory," and ascertain their views and feel ings. A resolution was adopted, on motion of H. H. Gear, recommending the people in the several districts to hold meetings for the expression of their views. Similar meetings were held in Ogle, Boone, Winnebago, Stephenson, Carroll, Whiteside, and other counties. At a meeting held in Galena on the 7th of March, 1840, at which it was resolved to call a convention of del egates to be elected by the people of Rockford, on the 6th of July follow ing, and a committee appointed to issue the call. The convention was held on the day appointed, of which Josiah G. Goodhue, of Winnebago County, was President; John Howe and Orris Crosby, of Boone, and E. G. Nichols, of Whiteside, Vice Presidents; Hamilton Norton, of Ogle, and Wm. E. Dunbar, Secretaries. January 22, 1842, a general meeting of the citizens of Ogle County, was held at Oregon, for the purpose "of considering the expediency of advising and effecting a separation of this section of the state from the State of Illinois, and annexing the same to Wisconsin." Col. Brown was elected President, and Joseph B. Henshaw, Secretary. S. N. Sample, E. A. Hurd, D. T. Moss, W. W Fuller and J. Swan, were appointed a committee on resolutions. A Central Committee, consisting of James V. Gale, Joseph B. Hen shaw and E. S. Leland, to correspond with other committees and persons, "on all subjects of the meeting, with power to appoint precinct commit tees." By this committee the following were appointed : Oregon Precinct — the Central Committee. Bloomingville — H. Norton and A. Wilbur. Maryland — N. Swingley and 0. Marshall. Buffalo Grove — J. D. Stevenson and H. Wales. Grand de Tour — S. Cumins and B. Butterfield. Washington Grove — J. Day and C. Rice, Brooklyn— D. Reed and R, Young. ^M|onroe— H. Hill and I* Shearer. 446 HISTOEY OF OGLE COUNTY. The committee on resolutions reported the following: Whbkeas, B;y an ordinance entitled an ordinance for the Government of the North- western Territory, " it was ordained and declared by the Congress of the United States, that there should be formed in the Northwestern Territory, not less than three nor more than five states; and that in pursuance of said ordinance, the States of Ohio, Indiana and Illinois were formed; and when^as, it was also ordained and declared by the ordinance aforesaid, that the boundaries of other states should be aubject to be so altered, that if Con gress should find it expedient, they shall have authority to form one or two states on that part of said territory which lies north of an east and west line drawn through the southerly bend or extremity of Lake Michigan; and whereas, by virtue ofthe last mentioned power, the State of Michigan and the Territory of Wisconsin have been formed north of said line; and whereas, it is ordained and declared by the ordinance aforesaid, that the fifth article thereof (that which defines the boundaries) shall be considered one of the article." of com pact between the original states and the people and states in said territory, and forever to re main unalterable, unless by common consent. Therefore, Resolved, That in the opinion of this meeting, that ttrnt part of the Northwestern Ter ritory which lies north of an " east and west line through the southerly bend or extremily . of Lake Michigan," belongs to, and of right, ought to be, a part of the state or states which have been, or may be formed, north of said line. ' Resolved, That Congress has established by said ordinance, the southern boundary of the state, which may be formed north of the State of Illinois, and that line can not be altered without the consent, as well ofthe original states, as the people in said Northwest Territory. Resolved, That as part of the people of the said Northwest Territory, we will not con sent to an alteration of said line, so as to place us under the jurisdiction of a state to which we do not lawfully belong. Resolved, That the lines as originally established by Congress, in the "ordinance for the Government of the Northwestern Territory," are better suited to the geographical situa tion, and to the local interests of said territory, than any others that can now be made. Resolved, That we are decidedly opposed to alter the lines as originally established, so as to place any ofthe terrilory north of the "line drawn through the southern extremity of Lake Michigan,'' within the jurisdiction of the state south of said line, without the con sent of the people of said Northwest Territory. Resolved, That it is expedient for the people now included in the state, and residing north of a " line drawn through the southerly extreme of Lake Michigan," to claim to be included in a state to be formed from territory north of said line. Resolved, That it be recommended to the Legislature of Wisconsin, to apply dhring the present session of Congress, to bo admitted to the Union, claiming as a southern bound ary of the state, " a line drawn throuirb the southerly bend or extreme end of Lake Mich igan,'' and running due west to the Mississippi. Resolved, That the liberal appropriation ofthe Legislature of the State of Illinois for internal improvements, within one district, embracing that part of the Northwest Territory claimed by Illinois, was made in good faith, aud that we disclaim any intention to absolve ourselves from any pecuniary i-esponsibiiitj' created by the Legislatm-e of Illinois for such purposes, and hold sacred the legal obligations of the state. Resolved, That a commitiee of nine persons be appointed as delegates from this county, to proceed to Madison, in the Territory of Wisconsin, with full power to consult with the governor and Legislature, or either of them, and to take such measures as, in in their opinion, will most speedily and eflFectually obtain the object of this meeting. The resolutions were unanimously adopted, and W. W. Fuller. Dauphin Brown, Joseph B. Henshaw, Jehiel Day, James Swan, Spooner Ruggles, Samuel M. Hitt, Henry Hiestand and Augustus Austin, were ap pointed the committee provided for by the last resolve. On the 26th of February, 1842, another meeting was held at Oregon, and the committee reported that they had received assurances of the earnest co-operation of Governor Doty and the legislature, who recommended that a census of the several counties in the disputed territory be taken, with a view to the presentation of a petition to the Congress, for the formation of a new state. Meetings were subsequently held in various parts of Northern Illinois, showing a deep and widespread feeling in favor of the movement. This agitation continued until the matter was definitely settled by the ad mission of Wisconsin to the Union, with boundaries as they now exist. HISTOEY OF OGLE COUNTY. 447 THE PRESS. One of the most potent agencies in moulding the destinies of the pioneer settlements of the great Empire of the West, and perhaps among those least appreciated by the people called upon to sustain them, was and is the printing press. Nor was Ogle County an exception. The advance guard of civilization who first settled this county had no daily papers, and even weeklies were like " angel's visits, few and far between," for mails were irregular and infrequent, being carried on horseback, and sometimes not carried at all. Although the first settlers came in 1829, there was no attempt to establish a local paper in the county until 1842. Until that time there were no papers taken by the people, save perhaps a few copies of some religious papers and an occasional copy of some eastern journal. The Chicago Democrat, by John Wentworth, and the Galena Gazette were the only political newspapers circulating here. The Rock Biver Register was the first paper printed in Ogle County. It was started in Mount Morris, then the great literary centre of Northern Illinois, by Mr. Jonathan Knodle. The first number, under the editorial management of Mr.^ Emanuel Knodle, was issued January 1,1842. The Register was printed on an old Ramage press, large enough to print only one half of the form, or one page, at a time. The paper was not so large as some of its successors have been, being a small five-column folio sheet, printed on a very inferior quality of paper. The motto of the Register, sugge.sted by Rev. T. S. Hitt, was, " We hope to be recognized as fellow laborers in the noble work of enlightening the human mind." The terms were "$2.50 in advance, or $3 if not paid in advance." Number four con tained the notice of the marriage, by Rev. S. S. Walker, of Michael Cheshire to Margaret McAllister. "This," the writer naively remarked, "is the first case of Matrimony which has ever occurred in Mount Morris." In the same number appear the business cards of H. A. Mix and Henry Roberts, attorneys at law at Oregon ; James J. Beatty, physician and sur geon. Mount Morris ; an administrator's notice in the matter of the estate of William Driskell, etc. When the Register started, the entirepopulation of the Village of Mount Morris, including the students at Rock River Seminary, was 282, the whole number of citizens being 137. Its nearest neighbor was the Rockford Pilot. Number twelve, issued in April, announced the death of the editor, Mr. Emanuel Knodle, aged thirty-two years, and the same paper bore the names of Knodle & Stephens, publish ers. Mr. D. C. Duncan succeeded Mr. Knodle as editor. Until July 10, 1842, the Register was politically neutral, but on that date it hoisted the Whig fiag, and supported Joseph Duncan for governor, in opposition to Judge Thomas Ford, the democratic candidate, whom it vigorously denounced as " a Northern man with Southern principles," because he was opposed to the scheme, which originated in Galena two years before, for annexing all of the territory of Illinois north of a line drawn from the southernmost point of Lake Michigan due west to the Mississippi River, to Wisconsin. September 12, 1842, the Register was removed to Grand de Tour, or Grand Detour, and its issue of September 16 was dated at that place. The removal was made in consequence of the mail at Mount Morris " being reduced to a weeA;Zy horseback." October 7, 1842, it was dressed in mourning for the death of tbe second editor, Mr. D. 0. Dunbar, 448 HisroET or ogle conrnr. aged 28 years. May 10, 1843, the names of Charles H. Lamb and A..Gf, Henderson appear as proprietors, but in July following, Mr. Henderson withdrew, leaving Mr. Lamb sole proprietor. When the Register gave up the ghost is not now known. Number 26, volume 2, dated August 25, 1843, is the last issue of which there is now any knowledge. This contains no notice of suspension, and it is very probable that it was continued some time longer, perhaps until the next year. The Illinois Tribune. — In the Autumn of 1844, probably early in October, a paper called The Illinois Tribune was started at Grand de Tour, published by John W. Sweetland. It was, judging from its typo graphical appearance, printed in the old Register type. How long it existed can not now be determined. It certainly lived two months. The Mt. Morris Gazette.— It was several years after the failure of the first newspaper enterprise of Ogle County before any other parties were found with sufficient courage to try it again. But in February, 1850, Mr. J. Frederick Grosh and Mr. Tomlinson Ankeney purchased the material in which the Rockford Free Press had been printed, removed it to Mt. Morris, and in March the first number of the Mt. Morris Gazette wa8 issued, published by J. F. Grosh and edited by Prof. D. S. Pinckney. It was a seven-column folio sheet, tolerably well printed and ably edited. It was professedly neutral in politics, but the editor was very independent in the expression of his opinions, and sometimes the paper inclined somewhat strongly to the party with which he affiliated. The printing of the first number of the Ga)zette was a notable event in the history of both the town and county, and occasioned as much excitement as did the completion of the railroad to the same place, twenty years later. From this time is to be dated the successful and continuous publication of newspapers in Ogle County. There has been at least one paper in the county ever since. The Gazette, however, was not a success financially, and the publishers, after a year's experience discovered that its publication was a losing business, and in the Spring of 1851 disposed ofthe material to R. C. Burchell, Esq., of Oregon, who removed it to that place and established the Ogle County Gazette, in June of that year. The sale of the material, however, does not appear to have stopped the Mt. Morris Gazette. Number 3, of the second volume, dated May 29, 1851, bears the names of Brayton, Baker & Co., pub lishers, and Prof. Pinckney, editor. It says that there were no press, type or printers in Mt. Morris at that time, and although the paper was ^mJZmW there it was printed elsewhere, probably by Mr. Burchell, at Oregon. It also noticed the fact that the Ogle County Gazette was soon to be started at Oregon. But this manner of publishing a paper did not suit the enter prising citizens of Mt. Morris, who organized a joint stock company, pur chased a new outfit, and No. 4, dated June 26, was beautifully printed in new type, and was one of the handsomest papers ever printed in the county. It was under the editorial charge of Prof. Pinckney and Prof. S. M. Fellows, and it is needless to add was conducted with signal ability. Prof. Fellows contributed to its columns a series of articles comprising early reminis cences of the county, in which he gave by far the most complete and authentic history of the early days of the county that has ever until now been attempted. The paper was not self-sustaining, however, and after a year's experience in the business the company rented the office to Messrs. C. C. Allen and S. D. Atkins, then attending school at the Rock River Seminary. These gentlemen, by devoting a part of their time to tbe HISTOEY OF OGLE COUNTY. 449 office, and the remainder to their studies, were 'enabled to prolong its existence until the Spring of 1853, when the office was sold to them and removed to Savanna, III. The Northwestern Republican, Mt. Morris. When the Gazette ceased to exist in 1853, Mt. Morris was without a paper until September, 1856, when Messrs. Atwood and Williams started the Northwestern Republican, and continued it until September, 1857, when they sold it to Col. Myron S. Barnes, who changed the name of the paper to Independent Watchman and continued it until July, 1859, when it passed into the hands of a joint stock company, and under the editorial management of Prof. W. S. Pope, Dr. F. A. McNeil and Mr. J. D. Dopf, with Mr. Dopf publisher. The Watch- man was Republican in politics, but closed its existence in the Winter of 1860-'l, and Mr. Dopf removed the material to Polo. The Anrvaal, Mt. Morris, a Sunday-school paper was published for several years, commencing about 1862. The first editor was Col. B. F. Sheets, who was succeeded by Rev. J. H. Vincent. About this time, for several years, a paper was published under the auspices of literary societies of Rock River Seminary, devoted exclusively to matters pertaining to that institution. ' Mt, Morris Independent was established by a joint stock company in 1876, with Prof. D. J. Pinckney editor. In the Spring of 1877 it was changed to the Ogle County Democrat, John Sharer publisher; Dr. B. Gr. Stephens, associate editor. Ogle County Gazette, Oregon. Robert Burchell, Esq., having pur chased the office of the Mt. Morris Gazette, removed it to Oregon, and June 11, 1851, issued the first number of the Ogle Cotmty Gazette, the first news paper printed in the town. It was published in an old frame building then standing on the West Third Street, near Franklin, just north of the brick house now occupied by Wm. Artz, Esq. At this time the population of the county was only 10,020, and the enterprise was by many considered of doubtful expediency. The enter prising publisher was unacquainted with the details of the business, but he was determined to succeed, and by hard work and strict economy had the proud satisfaction of passing the paper to his successor firmly established. The task, however, was one of no ordinary magnitude. The difficulties under which publishers labored in those early days can hardly be appreciated in these days of railroads. Mr. Burchell obtained his paper and ink by team from Chicago. Often publication must be delayed for days awaiting the arrival of the slow freight wagon over the primitive roads, often so muddy as to be almost impassable. Depending upon " traveling jours " for com positors, Mr. Burchell often had much difficulty in getting his paper out. Mr. Sharp, in his "History of the Press of Ogle County," written in 1872, relates the following incident that illustrates the trials to which Mr. . Burchell was frequently subjected by his " hands." He had a printer named " Larrey " Cook, who was perhaps the most rapid compositor that ever traveled in this state. One day Cook, after setting up about twelve thousand ems of type, became very drunk, and getting mad about something, he went into the office, took the galley upon which tUe types was placed and emptied ihem upon the floor, piling his "case " upon this mass of '¦ pied " type. He then left for some other office. But tliese dif ficulties were gradually overcome, and soon the publisher could, with a reasonable certainty, cdtmtthat his effort to have hii paper appear on time would not be frustrated by the drunk enness or cai'elessness of his employes. 460 HISTOEY OF OGLE COUNTY. ' After the paper had been published several months, to avoid the diffl. culties arising from a similarity of names, the Ogle County Gazette was changed to the Ogle County Reporter, which has been continuously pub lished ever since. In 1852, a telegraph line was built from Dixon to Rockford via Grand de Tour, Oregon, Mt. Morris and Byron, and the office at Oregon was in the Reporter office. This is the only instance where an Ogle County paper enjoyed the privilege of telegraph dispatches free of expense. Only two telegrams were received for publication over the line, one of which announced the nominees of the Democratic National Convention for Presi dent and Vice President, and raised the question of Who is Franklin Pierce? " The only benefit," says Mr. Smith, "the line conferred upon the people was to fill the pockets of the parties who sold the stock to the citizens along the route. The entire line was Jimfisk-icated shortly after, and the wire and poles sold by an agent of the creditors, who pocketed the proceeds." In January, 1853, Mr. Burchell sold the Reporter office to Mortimer W. Smith, then recently arrived from Montrose, Pa., who was a practical printer. Mr. Smith devoted his entire energies to the paper, and by working hard himself, inspiring his employes with the same spirit, and by economical management of the business affairs of the office, he soon brought the paper to a high degree of prosperity. The county was now rapidly filling up with an enterprising and liberal people, railroads were being built, and all fears for permanent success were set at rest. Mr. Smith edited the paper himself, and conducted it with much ability. In 1854, the Reporter was an earnest advocate of the Maine Liquor Law. In 1856 it raised the Republican standard and supported Fremont and Dayton. Until that date it had been politically neutral. In 1857 Mr. Smith having been elected Circuit Clerk and Recorder, sold the office to Edward H. Leggett, of Dixon. Mr. Leggett was not a practical printer, but he possessed energy, humor, tact, and superior business ability, which enabled him to maintain the position of the paper. He comprehended the value of a local news paper, and devoted a large portion of his time and space, to local affairs. He was the first editor in the country who established a special local de partment in his paper. Towards the close of his proprietorship, the trans fer of business to the growing railroad towns of Rochelle aud Polo, and the establishment of papers at these points, began to tell somewhat upon the profits of the business, and deprived the office of much job-work and adver tising patronage, wdiich condition of affairs continued until the completion of the Chicago & Iowa Railroad set the current Oregonward again. Mr. Leggett was a genial companion, a true friend, and a perfect gen tleman. In January, 1861, he sold the paper to Mr. John Sharp, of Ore- fon, and removed to New York, where he died in 1861. Under Mr. harp's management the paper continued to prosper. In 1867 it was en larged from 22 by 32, to 25 by 38, by widening and lengthening tbe columns. In April, 1868, M. W. Smith, Esq., again became proprietor, but Mr. Sharp remained associated with him in the editorial department until March, 1871, when they both retired, and were succeeded by Charles L Miller and E. L. Otis, of Rochelle. Miller was the editor, and in June, 1871, his brother, James P. Miller, purchased Otis' interest, and it was published by Miller & Brother until October, 1871, when Mr. William H. Gardner, from New York, became the editor and proprietor, who continued it until February, 1872, and then he associated himself with Mr. Timoleon HlSTOEY OP OGLB COUNTY. 451 0. Johnson, of Vinton, Iowa, and it was published by Gardner & Johnson. In June, 1872, a Newbury power press was purchased, and the paper was enlarged. November 7, 1872, Mr. Johnson purchased his partner's interest, and became sole editor and proprietor. Under his admirable management the circulation of the Reporter has increased from 750 to over 1,200, without the aid of canvassers, and it now claims a larger circulation than any other paper in the county. It is a large, six-column quarto, well edited and handsomely printed. The office is in a handsome two-story and basement brick building, owned by Mr. Johnson, on the east side of Third Street, and near the corner of Franklin, north of, and adjoining " Mechanic's Block." The paper is printed on a Newbury power press. The office is supplied with two job presses, and type for executing every description of printing. The Reporter is now the quasi official paper of the county, but the county printing is done by Culver, Page, Hoyne, & Co., of Chicago, under contract made in 1877. The true economy of such a measure may well be questioned. For the last three years it has been the official paper of the City of Oregon. The Reporter has always supported the principles of the Republican party, and frequently has been the only paper in the county to place the entire list of Republican nominations at the head of its columns. It has just put on a new dress, and is as bright and clean as one of the new silver dollars of 1878. Oregon National Guard. — Deulocratic. June 6, 1866, the first num ber of this paper was issued, by Samuel Wilson, Esq., most of the money for the purchase of the material having been furnished by a joint stock com pany. The office was in tbe Union Block, southeast corner of Washington and Third Streets. In his salutatory, Mr. Wilson declared th'at, " as far as the Oregon National Guard is to sustain the principles of a political party, it will be Democratic. * -s * * "^e intend to stand by the administration of Andrew Johnson, and to render it a hearty and undi vided support." Mr. Wilson wielded an able pen, and soon made his newspaper one of the most influential in this Congressional District. In September, 1866, he associated with himself his brother, F. B. Wilson, who, as a ready writer, had few equals in this county, and the paper was pubhshed by S. & F. B. Wilson until August, 1867, when the junior part ner retired, and Mr. S.Wilson became sole editor again. June 5, 1869, Mr. Ed. T. Ritchie, became associated with Mr. Wilson, under the firm name of Wilson & Ritchie, but Sept. 22, 1869, the partnership was terminated. Mr. Wilson retired and Mr. Ritchie became sole proprietor, and published the paper until the Spring of 1871, when he sold it to Mr. Wilson, who again assumed its management. In March, 1873, Mr. Jacob J. Buser pur chased one half of the office, and in April or May following, the name of the paper was changed to The Ogle County Grange, Wilson & Buser, editors and publishers, un til August, 1873, when Mr. Buser purchased Mr. Wilson's interest, and re moved the office to Etnyre's Block, on the east side of Fourth Street, oppo site Court House Square, and remained sole proprietor until February 22, 1875, when he associated with himself, Mr. G. L. Bennett. In May, 1875, Baser & Bennett disposed of their entire interest in the paper, to Mr. Charles R. Hawes, of the Freeport Journal, who again changed the name to the Oregon Courier, and continued as editor and publisher until August, but tbe paper was left mainly to run itself. Mr. Hawes enjoyed fishing 452 HlSTOEY OF OGLB COUNTY. better than the confinement of a printing office. In August, the paper was transferred to Mr. G. L. Bennett, who controlled it until February 23, 1876, when Mr. Henry P. Lason, who held a mortgage on the concern, fore closed and took possession, and is the present editor and proprietor. The present editor is now, and always has been, a firm and consistent Republi can, but the Courier, under his management, is not bound to that or any other political party. It strikes hard for the right, let the splinters hit whom they may. Mr. Lason was a private in the 76th Regiment, N. Y. Volunteers; enlisted in 1861 ; lost his left arm at the 2d battle of Bull Run, in 1862. He is a clear, forcible, and ready writer, and the Courier, under his able management, takes its place in the front rank of the press of Ogle County. Rapalee's Jokinello, Oregon; monthly, started September, 1877, by Norman Rapalee, and is now printed in the Courier office. It is a five-col umn folio, keen, sharp, and brimful of fun. Polo Sentinel. — The first paper published in Polo, and the first Demo cratic paper in the county was started by Mr. F. O. Austin in October, 1856, and called the Sentinel. It was intensely partisan, and was discon tinued for want of support in December of the same year. Polo Transcript. — Early in tbe Summer of 1857, a joint stock company was organized in Polo for the purpose of establishing a newspaper on a permanent basis in Polo. The material was purchased and the Polo Transcript commenced in June of that year with Charles Meigs, Junior, of Chicago, as editor and publisher, by whom it was published until April, 1858, when the office was purchased by Mr. Henry R. Boss, then of Free- port, but now 6f Chicago. Mr. Boss changed the name of tbe paper to the Polo Advertiser, which was moderately prosperous under his management, until November, 1860, when he was succeeded by Col. Morton D. Swift. The Rock River Press, then recently started by Mr. J. D. Dopf, was consoli dated with the Advertiser in February, 1861, and the paper was managed by Swift and Dopf until March, 1861, when Dopf retired, and it was published by Swift alone until May, 1861, when he enlisted in the army, and tbe paper was purchased by J. D. Campbell, and his law partner, J. W. Carpenter, Esq. Messrs. Campbell & Carpenter continued its publication until August, 1862, when they were compelled to suspend its publication, for the reason that all their printers had volunteered into the army, and tbey had nobody to set type. The paper was not published until March 11, 1863, when it was revived under the name of the Polo Press, J. D. Campbell, Esq., and the estate of J. W. Carpenter, publishers — Mr. Carpenter having died in October, 1862— Mr. Campbell and Col. M. D. Swift, editors. Thus the Press continued until February, 1865, when it was sold to Daniel Scott, and M. V. Saltzman. Scott soon sold out to M. D. Swift, and Swift con tinued its publication until the 4tli of August, 1865, when it was purchased by tbe present proprietor, John W. Clinton, who in 1866 changed its name to tbe Ogle County Press. Until March, 1876, the Press was printed upon one of R. Hoe's hand presses, but at that time Mr. Clinton exchanged the Hoe press for one of C. Potter, Jr.'s, cylinder presses of the latest improved pattern, and fitted for steain power, which he hopes to be able to add to the office next Winter. Beside this press the office is equipped with eighth and quarter medium Gordon job presses. This paper continued uniformly from its commencement Republican in politics. Ogle County Banner, Polo. On the 14tb of April, 1858, Richard P. Redtield commenced the publication in Polo of tbe Ogle County Baniier^ii HlSTOftY OF OGLE COtTNtt. 453 democratici'ouTnal, and continued its publication until 1859, when it passed into l;he hands of J. M. Williams, who after a short time transferred it to Geo. D. Read, Esq., who continued to be its editor until some time in the year 1860, when it was discontinued. Banner of Freedom, Polo. In 1858 this paper was published a few months by Marcellus Perkins, and was as it name indicates, what was then termed an abolition paper. The Irue Democrat, Polo. During the exciting political campaign of 1860, a Mr. Johnston published a paper in Polo called the Tiue Demo- (yrat, which was discontinued after the election. The Church. — About 1868, a paper was published in Polo called The Church; Dr. J. C. Allaben, editor. It was published " as often a^ God furnished the means," but it was not published very often, and there is no information now at hand to determine when tbe last number was issued. The Poultry Argus, Polo. An illustrated monthly journal devoted to poultry interests, was started in January, 1874, by Doctors C. H. Kenegy and M. L. Wolff, Dr. Wolff retiring iu the following June. Dr. Kenegy selling out in December following to D. D. L. Miller and J. W. Clinton, who continued its publication under the firm of Miller & Clinton until June, 1876, when J. W. Clinton became its publisher, D. L. Miller still acting as its editor. The Argus from a small beginning enjoyed a steady §rowth, until it circulated in nearly every state and territory of the Union, iffusing a proper knowledge of our domestic fowls in many a farmer and and villager's home, and cultivating among its young readers a love for, and appreciation of, birds of every kind. The Argus was at first printed in Freeport, but was subsequently printed in the office of the Ogle County Press, until in the Spring of 1877 it was sold to other parties and removed from the county and state. The Lane Leader was established by John R. Howlett, in Lane (now Eochelle) October, 1858. He published a very readable paper, in which there was, says Sharp, " considerable vim." He used plain English, and made enemies in consequence, and lost support that otherwise might have been accorded to him. But he was a man of great energy and maintained his position until the Spring or Summer of 1861, when he was compelled to abandon tbe enterprise and the material was sold to ^ Prof. James A. Butterfield, who started the Lane Patriot in the Fall of 1861, but soon dis covered that his ledger balance was in the wrong column, and after a few months he suspended the publication in the Spring of 1862, and the material was stored away in an old garret until 1863. " Charley " Butter field was not remarkably successful in the mechanical department, although ^ editorially the Patriot was well managed. " Charley's " tastes ran in a different direction, and he was afterwards recognized as one of the leading musicians of the country. He was the leader of the Chicago delegation at Gilmore's " Peace Jubilee," and is the author of several popular songs, among which was, " When you and I were young, Maggie." The Lane (now Rochelle) Register. — In the Summer of 1863 Mr. E. L. Otis,- of Rockford, had called to his attention the material of the old Leader office, and the advantages of Lane as a good location for a newspaper. After looking over the field carefully he decided to try the experiment. The old press and type were dragged from their obscure hiding place and put into a room over Clark & Dana's drug store, and after two or three weeks' bard labor in placing the office in working trim he issued the first 454 HISTOEY OF OGLB COUNTY. number ofthe Lane Register July 25, 1863. Mr. Otis labored under many serious disadvantages. One paper had failed aud suspended, and many ]>eople fearing a second failure did all they could to produce that result by withholding their patronage when it was most needed until it had won suc cess without their aid, the type and other material were old, much worn and in a state of almost inextricable confusion, and, last but nqt least, the editor had but little surplus cash to invest in the enterprise. But he was not discouraged; he commenced his work with a. will, determined to suc ceed, and the general prosperity that has attended the Register is but ajnst reward ofthe steady application, enterprise, indomitable energy and skill of its founder. Mr. Otis has one of the finest newspaper and job offices in the state. He has a Taylor drum-cylinder press, besides two job presses— a half-medium Gordon, and an eighth-medium Degener — all run by a mag nificent 6-horse power steam engine. His jobbing material includes all the latest and most fashionable products of the type founder. He has every appliance necessary lor doing good work, and bis printing can not be excelled by any city office. The Register is as large as any country paper in the state, has a large circulation, a firm and steady advertising patronage, presents a splendid typographical appearance, is edited with superior ability, and is, altogether, a fair representation of the enterprise and business of the city. In 1865, when the name of the town was changed, the name of the paper was changed to the Rochelle Register. The Rochelle Independent was commenced September 4, 1872, by E. L. Derby, and supported Greeley and Brown, during the remainder of that exciting campaign. It survived nearly a year, and was managed by Derby, Ed. T. Ritchie and John Sharp in succession. The Creston Times was established in 1872, Isaac B. Bickford, editor and publisher, who conducted it until 1874, when he retired and it was managed for several months by L. H. Post of the DeKalb News. Dr. H. C. Robbins became editor and publisher in 1874-'5. He published it until March, 1877, when he sold to D. C. Needham, who late in the Fall of the same year sold to Granville W. Morris, the present editor and proprietor. The Times is Independent politically. The Byron News started November 21, 1874, by Isaac B. Bickford, who had purchased the Forreston Journal, moved it to Byi-on and changed its name. It was a six-column folio, independent in politics, and was not revived after the fire of November 13, 1877, when its office was entirely destroyed. The Byron Times, established in February, 1876, by E. H. Love, soon succeeded by Dr. William F. Artz, who sold to C. E. Howe. May 1, 1877, G. W. Hawkes purchased an interest in the paper, and it was published by Howe & Hawkes until October 22, 1877, when Mr. Howe retired and Mr. Hawkes assumed the entire management. It is Republican in politics and is well filled and well printed. Forreston Journal was commenced by Messrs. Saltzman & Mathews '\ April 6, 1867. In June, 1867, Mr. M. M. Mathews retired and the paper was continued by Mr. M. V. Saltzman until 1870, when Mr. C. F. Core acquired an interest. Mr. Dore sold to Mr. J. W. Clinton in the same year. In the Spring of 1872 Mr. Clinton purchased Mr. Saltzman's interest, | and in 1873 sold the paper to G. L. Bennett. In the Fall of 1874, Mr. I. B. Bickford purchased the office and removed it to Byron. The Forreston Herald succeeded the Journal, It was established in 1875 by a stock company, which purchased a new outfit, and started with . HISTOEY OF OGLE COUNTY 455 Mr. F. N. Tice, editor. November 1, 1876, Mr. Charles E. Slocum became the proprietor, who is still successfully managing the paper. The Farmers' Criterion is a small five-column folio sheet, started in 1878 and published monthly at Forreston, by D. 0. Lantz, editor and publisher. The Monroe Argus. In the Summer of 1877 a paper was published for a while at Monroe called the Monroe Argus, conducted by D. C. Need ham, who was also publishing the Creston Times. The Argus was printed at Creston, and was probably little else than the Times with change of head. The Davis Junction Enterprise was the title of a diminutive paper published at Davis Junction, in the Town of Scott, some time in the Summer of 1876„by S. S. Tucker. In typographical appearance it was unique, unlike any thing above or beneath the earth, save that, like all earthly things, it had a beginning and an ending. Of its circulation, political status or its corps of editors, there is no available information. It is entirely safe, how ever, to presume that its discontinuance was induced by the financial strin gency of that year, which forced many other enterprises of greater pretensions to the wall. THE MOUND BUILDERS. The history of Ogle County would not be complete without some mention of the earliest occupants of this region who have left evidences to testify that they once lived here, a matter that should properly, perhaps, have been mentioned first, and would have been if these " first settlers " had left any records from which their history could have been written, but they have left no traces of their existence save the mysterious and voiceless mounds they built containing their bones, some of their rude implements of war and other utensils, to mark the spot where they once lived a numer ous and apparently semi-civilized people — the Mound Builders. The high bluffs on both banks of tbe Mississippi from its head waters to the low alluvial lands of Louisiana and the banks of nearly all the water-courses in the great Valley of the " Father of Waters," are thickly dotted with these remarkable mounds. They were very numerous in the Eock River Valley and many still remain, but they are gradually disap pearing, being removed to give place to the cities and villages of modern civilization and leveled by the plow of the farmer. The beautiful plain where now stands the pleasant city of Oregon as well as the surrounding hills or bluffs, was once the favorite dwelling-places of this pre-historic people. Several of the mounds were removed when the streets of the town were graded, and there was one of them removed to make way for the present Court House. There is one still to be seen on the top of Liberty Hill. These strange structures have long attracted the attention of anti quarians who have proposed numerous theorie3 to solve mystery of their origin, plausible, perhaps many of them, but all vague speculation, for there is no voice from these silent monuments of antiquity, the only remaining traces of a pre-historic age, except to testify that they were built by a race who occupied this country and were swept from the face of the earth many centuries — hundreds it may be — ago. At the 21st session of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, held in Dubuque, Iowa, in August, 1872, Prof. H. T. Woodman, of Dubuque, read a very interesting paper on the " Ancient Wonders of 456 hiStoet of o(Jle count*^. Dubuque and its Vicinity," in which he made mention of tbe peculiarities of these enigmatical structures as follows: Ancient Mounds.— The mounds and other ancient earthworks of North America, are far more abundant than are generally supposed, from the fact that while some are quite large, the greater part of them are small and inconspicuous. Along nearly all our water courses that are large enough to be navigated with a canoe, the mounds are almost invariably found, covering the base points and headlands of the bluffs, which border the narrower valleys, so that when one finds himself in such positions as to command the grandest views for river scenery, he may almost always discover that he is standing upon, or in close prox imity to, some one or more of these traces of the labors of an ancient people. Some of these mounds can be seen from the streets of our city, but a greater number have become obscured from view by the surrounding growth of forest trees. Hundreds of them are thus hidden along the valleys and bluffs of our great Mississippi River and its tributaries, but the greater may yet be traced by careful observation. It is not only upon the points and headlands that these mounds are found, but they also exist in great numbers upcm the broader upper terraces in the valleys. The terraces are such as Prof White refers in the terrace epoch, having doubtless been ancient flood plains of the adjacent streams, but are now far above the reach of their highest floods. Furnishing, as they do the most convenient sites for the valley towns ofthe white race, we often find that convenience of settlement had induced the mound builders also to choose precisely the same sites for their earthworks. The result is that a large number of mounds in such positions are not only obscured by the growing towns, but are ruthlessly destroyed every year. Around Lake Peosta they are circular in shape. Almost invariably flfteen paces apart, from centre to centre, the smaller ones being from 2 to 2}i feet high about 20 feet in diameter, the material of which they are composed is the ordinary alluvial soil of the terrace. What is remarkable about this group is their number and the great regularity of their arrangement, being arranged in straight or slightly curved lines (some of them being parallel,) and the nearly uniform distance apart, namely about fifteen paces. While the association was in session, the members, visited, and caused to be opened, one of these mounds in Jo Daviess County, III., in which they found skulls, stone hatchets, rude household utensils, etc., and the thigh bone of a skeleton found on this occasion, indicates a man at least eight feet in height. Dr. Hoyt, of Racine, took the position that the mounds were the sepulchers of Indians, and that they were buried it sitting positions. Dr. Putnam, of Salem, Mass., stated that " on the Wabash, these mounds were supposed to be tbe remains of towns, instead of burial places. On that river a few of the hillocks had been opened, and at the depth of five or six feet were found, instead of skeletons, a few bones and utensils that indicated that people had been eating there." He concluded that " the mounds were simply habitations." The following extract from a chapter on " Ancient Mounds," recently published in the history of Jo Daviess County, will be found interesting in this connection. On the top of the high bluffs that skirt the west bank of the Mississippi, about two and a half miles from G-alena, are a number of these silent monuments of a pre-historic age. The spot is one of surpassing beauty. Standing there, the tourist has a view of a portion of three states — Illinois, Iowa and Wisconsin. A hundred feet below him, at the foot of the perpendicular cliffs, the trains of the Illinois Central Railroad thunder around the curve; the Portage is in full view, und the " Father of Waters," with its numerous bayous and islands, stretches a grand panorama for miles above and below him. Here, probably thous ands of years ago, a race of men now extinct, and unknown even iu the traditions of the Indians who inhabited this region for centuries before the discovery of America by Colum bus, built these strangely wonderful and enigmatical mounds. At this point these mounds are circular and oonicalin form. The largest one is at least forty feet in diameter at the base, and at least fifteen feet high now, after it has been beaten by the storms of many cen turies. On its top stands the laige stump of an oak tree that was cut down about fifty years ago, and its annular rings indicate a growth of at least 200 years. Whatever may have been the character of these mounds in other localities, these could not have been"the dwell ing places of their builders. HISTOEY OF OGLE COUNTY. 467 The mounds on the bluflf have nearly all been opened within the last two or three years by Louis A. Rowley, Esq., Mr. W. M. Snyder and Mr. John Dowlina;, assisted by Sidney Hunkins and Dr. W. S. Crawford. These gentlemen have taken much interest in these pre-historic structures, and have very carefully investigated them. In all that have been opened the excavators have found in the centre a pit that was evidently dug about two and a half feet below the original surface of the ground, about six feet long and four feet wide, in the form of a parallelogram. The bottom and sides of this pit are of hard clay. The bones found in this pit indicate a race of gigantic stature, buried in a sitting posture around the sides of the pit, with legs extending towards the centre. In some cases the position ofthe bones indicate that they were placed back to back in the centre with their feet extending toward the walls of the pit. Over these bones are found layers of anhydrous earth of dark color, hard from pressure, but easily crumbles into fine powder. Above this is a strata of hard-baked clay or cement, on the top of which is found a layer of ashes min gled with burnt shells and bones, indicating that after the bodies were barely covered with dry earth, a layer of the clayey cement was spread over the earth, and a flre kindled upon it perhaps in the performance of some rite — perhaps to harden the cement, or both. This done, a huge mound of .earth was with inflnite toil heaped above the pit thus filled and finished, and what is remarkable, the most of it was evidently brought from a distance, as it is unlike the surrounding soil, and there is no evidence of excavations in the vicinity. It will be seen that thus hermetically sealed from air and moisture, the bones became indestructible and will be preserved until the world ends or they are exposed to the action of the elements. Removing the superincumbent earth, penetrating the shell of baked clay and carefully removing the earth beneath, Mr. Rowley and his associates invariably found several skeletons at the bottom of the pit before described, and in most cases, but not all, mingled with the bones, or lying beside them, were found various implements of stone. Axes, arrow and spear-heads made of a species of flint not found in this region ; a singular and finely finished pear-shaped implement of stone, flat, four or five inches long and sharp at the edges, probably used for skinning animals ; large pearls perforated to be strung; very finely wrought copper chisels and wedges; great numbers of the large teeth of some carnivorous animal supposed to be the bear, in some instances with a piece of a jaw attached and carved, and each pierced with holes like the pearls ; ornaments made of copper mingled with silver, indicating that the metal came from the Superior region ; cop per implements somewhat resembling a bodkin, about the size and length of a lead pencil, pointed at one end and chisel-shaped at the other. Lastly, and most important as indicat ing some civilization and knowledge of arts, a piece of pottery, about twelve inches in height, urn-shaped, round on the bottom, and ornamented. This was made of clay, but when broken the fractm'e shows in the centre a substance like pounded lead or silver and ground flint. The skulls found are packed with earth. Some of them testify that the original own ers were killed, as they are pierced with holes made with some blunt, sometimes sharp, in strument. Generally they have low, receding foreheads, are long from front to back, nar row across the top, and indicate a preponderance of back brain ; a patient, plodding people with some little intelligence, and a brain formation unlike the modern Indian. The mounds in the Rock River Valley are generally hardly as large as those above described; many of them are small, hardly more than ten or twelve feet in diameter, and two feet high above the surrounding surface, sometimes are almost effaced. The plain where now stands the City of Oregon, is one of the " terraces " alluded to by Prof. Woodman. The mounds in this locality were generally small, and several of them are still to be seen within the city limits. One of them, which was opened a year or two since by grading a street near the river bank of the terrace, was found to be a sort of rude tomb, laid up with lime stones, and covered with earth, in which a few bones were found. This was unlike any others and is evi dently of more modern date. The mounds in this county are generally built like those described above on the Mississippi bluffs, except that as a rule no pit appears to have been excavated. Dr. W. H. Chappell, of Oregon, who has opened a large number of them and investigated them very carefully and intelligently, states that the bodies were evidently placed upon the surface of the ground as it then existed. After they were covered with earth the mound was covered with a coating of clay or some similar substance, which appears to have been burnt or baked after it was spread. Over tbis tbe mound of 458 HlSTOEY OF OGLB COUNTY. earth was heaped. In opening these mounds, says Dr. Chappell, "we almost invariably strike this layer of cement before reaching the original bottom, but in many of them no bones are found. While the bones, when any are found, are unquestionably upon the original surface of the ground, they are from twelve to eighteen inches below the present surface, and the mounds themselves appear to have been covered to about the same depth since they were originally built. I have, when opening them frequently found marine shells, often remains of leaves and twigs at a depth of twelve to fifteen inches from the top surface." These facts indicate that since the mounds were built this whole region has been submerged beneath the waters of an ocean. About two miles southeast of Oregon, on the high bluffs on the east side of Rock River, a short distance below the railroad bridge " Chimney Rock," there is a group of these mounds arranged in the form of a semi circle, the ends of the crescent resting on the verge of the bluff nearest the river, where the two largest ones were placed. Tbey are all small, however, and were nearly all of them opened many years ago, when, it is said, many implements and utensils of copper were found. These mounds are circular in form, except one that is perhaps fifty feet long and ten feet wide. This one has been opened in one place, but probably many relics might still he unearthed in it. The lower and largest mound is also somewhat unlike the rest, being oval in form. It is said that when this region was first settled this mound was excavated and walled and covered with trunks of trees, which had evidently been placed there many years before, and which have decayed and fallen in since. But this was not the work of the mound builders. The mound they built had unquestionably been excavated by the Indians and fitted up either as a Winter dwelling place or as a sort of fortress. On one of these mounds in this locality is a large white oak tree that can not be less than 150 years old. It must be admitted that whatever their uses — whether as dwellings or burial places— these silent monuments were built, and the race who built them had vanished from the face of the earth ages before the Indians occu pied the land, but their date must probably forever baffle human skill and ingenuity to discover. There seems but little doubt that they are as old as the Pyramids, and indicate that before the days of " Cheops and Cephreres," the American Continent, at least this portion of it, was densely populated by a people perhaps more civilized than these pre-historic relics can now testify, swept from existence, it may be, by some mighty convulsion of nature that submerged their country beneath the waters of an ocean, or driven from their homes by the slow encroachment of the waters upon a sinking continent. At best, however, the origin of these mounds can be but a matter of speculation. Only the " Ancient of Days " can unravel the mystery. FOSSILS AND PETRIFACTIONS. The Valley of Rock River furnishes a field of surpassing interest to the geologist and student of natural history, for here are to be seen indubit able proofs of the repeated submergence and upheaval of all this region. The limestone formations are full of fossil shells, many of them of extinct species; petrified coral is often found on the pebbly shore of this beautiful river; remains ofthe Mastodon Giganteum and other strange animals that HISTOEY OF OGLE COUNTY. 459 r roamed over these prairies, or inhabited the ancient ocean that covered them, have been found in Ogle County. In the Spring of 1858, just after an unusually high freshet, Mr. Phineas Chaney found one of the teeth of a very large Mastodon lying on the bank of a litte creek, a branch of. Stillman's Creek, in the Township of Marion, where it had been washed and left by the subsiding waters. This tooth, which is in a perfect state of preservation, was from the under jaw of the animal, and is now in the cabinet of Dr. Chappell, at Oregon. It weighs about 7-|- pounds, and measures six inches across; eight inches lengthwise of tbe jaw, and is seven inches deep from the beautifully enameled points to the ends of the roots, that were once embedded in the massive jaw of the stupendous monster, which must have weighed many thousand pounds, and able to crush, like pipe-stems, the trunks of tbe largest trees now found in this locality. Doubtless the entire skeleton lies embedded in the ravine farther up. On the east side of Rock River, about half a mile from it, and about one and one half miles above the bridge at Oregon is an old quarry, where the stone for building the dam was obtained. It is now called the " fossil quarry " from the immense deposits of fossil shells contained in some of the strata, and it is a locality of absorbing interest to the geologist. Here are to be seen the footprints of the Creator — made millions of years ago it maybe— with unmistakable and startling distinctness. Here are to be found the evidences 'of the stupendous changes to which this little wonder ful globe we inhabit has been subjected, evidences, too, that never lie. Imbedded in the rock, and composing a large part of it, are myriads of shells of many curious and now unknown varieties intermingled with coral and the debris of an ancient ocean. One of the authors of this volume visited this intensely interesting locality with Dr. W. H. Chappell, of Oregon, on the 24th day of March, 1878. Portions of the different strata had been laid bare by the labors of the workmen, and here we found some very fine specimens of fossil shells. At one point a bluish white limestone or marble is exposed, evidently largely composed of marine shells. A few years ago the attempt was made to burn lime from this rock, but it failed, but it is probable that, as marble, it might become valuable. If it is susceptible of being polished it would be very beautiful for mantels and marble ornaments. During this visit Dr. Chappell discovered one of the finest specimens of the Orthocera ever found. It was probably at least twenty inches in length, but it was broken in several pieces in removing it from the bed where it had laid for so many thousand years. But it was entirely crystallized, and hollow; the cavity in the centre was lined with beautiful crystals of carbinate of lime, and one piece about six inches long shows the entire formation, the shape" and form of this wonderful animal, or fish, or whatever it may have been, with the cavity through it filled with and the very substance of the creature changed to crystalline limestone, a substance bearing close resemblance to quartz. One of the pieces when broken discovered a small shell that had evidently been swallowed by the animal while it was living. These valuable and beautiful specimens may he seen at Dr. Chappell's office in Oregon, and they constitute a very inter esting addition to his already valuable cabinet. He is an enthusiast in this department of natural science, and omits no opportunity for close and critical investigation. 460 HISTOEY OF OGLB COUNTY. With the evidences here presented the careful observer must be con vinced not only that this region has at some former period in the world's history been at the bottom of an ocean, but that it has been repeatedly sub merged and uplifted. At this point the different strata, some of them very thin, indicate comparatively brief periods of submergence and exposure, and the mysterious forces of nature are yet in operation. COUNTY ^OFFICERS Who have served since the time of the organization of the county up to the present time: Circuit Judges'^-— D. Stone, 1837-'38; Thomas Ford, 1839-'42; J. D. Caton, 1843-'48; H. Anderson and T. Lyle Dickey, 1849; B. R. Sheldon, 1850; J. O. Wilkinson, 1851-'55; J. W. Drury, 1856; J. V. Eustace, 1857- '61; W. W. Heaton, 1862-'76; Wm. Brown, 1877; J. M. Bailey and J. V. Eustace, 1878. County Clerks.— 8. Galbraith, 1837-'39; D. H. T. Moss, 1840-'43; H. A. Mix, 1844-'47; R. Chaney, 1848-'49; J. M. Hinkle, 1850-'53; J. Sears, 1854-'57; E. K Light, 1858-'61; A. Woodcock, 1862-'77; Geo. W. Hormell, 1878. Circuit Clerks and Recorders.-]- — -B. T. Phelps, 1837-'42; H. Roberts, 1843-'48; R. B. Light, 1849-'56; M. W. Smith, 1857-'60; F. G. Petrie, 1861-'72; H. P. Lason, 1873-'76; £. K. Light, 1877-'78. Treasurers.— O. W. Kellogg, 1837-'38; E. S. Leland, 1839-'42; I. S. Woolev, 1843-'46; R.J. Sample, 1847-'50; L S. Wooley, 1851-'54; P. R. Bennet, 1855; A. Woodcock, 1856-'61; H. J. Smith, 1862-'63; M. L Ettinger, 1864-'67; J. T. Gantz, 1868-75 ; E. E. Read, 1876-'78. Sheriffs.— W.W. Mudd, 1837; H. Wales, 183S-'40; W. T. Ward, 1841-'44; C. B. Artz, 1845-'46; E. W. Dutcher, 1847-'50; A. Helm, 1851-'52; E. Baker, 1853-'4; C. Newcomer, 1855-'56; E. R. Tyler, 1857-'58; P. G. Petrie, 1859-'60; J. A. Hughes, 1861; B. F. Sheets, 1862; C. R. Potter, 1863-'64; J. O'Kane, 1865-'66; W. W. O'Kane, 1867-'68; B. R. Wagner, 1869-'70; J. R. Petrie, 1871-'74; H. C. Peek, 1875-'78. County Judges.— 8. 0. McClure, 1837-'38; W. J. Mix, 1839-'42; P. R. Bennett, 1843-'46; J. B. Cheney, 1847-'52; S. Ruggles, 1853-'54; E. Wood, 1855-'56; V. A. Bogue, 1857-'65; J. M. Webb, 1866-'69; A Barnum, 1870, died 1872; F. G. Petrie, appointed for 1873 and elected for 1874-'77; A. Woodcock, 1878. Superintendent Schools.— S. St. John Mix, 1843-'46; N. W. Wads worth 1847-'50; D. J. Pinkney, 1851-'54; J. W. Frisbee, 1855-'56; A.E. Hurd, 1857-'58; E. W. Little, 1859-'62; J. M. Sanford, 1863-'64; E. L. Wells, 1865-'77; J. T. Ray, 1878. *Ogle County was in the the Ninth Judicial Circuit from Feb. 33, 1839, to Nov. 5, 1849; in the Sixth Circuit from Nov. 5, 1849, to Feb. 5, 1857; in the Twenty-second Circuit from Feb. 5, 1857, to March 28, 1873 ; in the Third Circuit from March 38, 1873, to July 1, 1877; and in the Thirteenth Circuit since the last named date. Previous to July 1, 1877, one judge presided in each judicial circuit, but since the present re-apportionment, provis ion has been made for three judges in each circuit. William W. Heaton, William Brown and Joseph^M. Bailey were the flrst judges of the present circuit. f Previous to February 13, 1849, a county recorder was elected in each county. James v. Q-ale, Dec. 34, 1836, was elected recorder, which office he held eleven years, and was succeeded by John M. Hinkle, who held the ofllce at the time^it was consolidated with the circuit clerkship. HISTOEY OF OGLE COUNTY. 461 Surveyors.— Jos. Crawford, 1837-'38; L. Parsons, 1839-'42; J. Rice, 1843-'45; H. Wheelock, 1846; R. B. Light, 1847-'50; 0. W. Joiner, 1851-'54; F. Chase, 1855-'56; A. Q. Allen, 1857-'58; S. Y. Pierce, 1859-'60; A. Q. Allen, 1861-'76; J. B. Bertolet, 1877-'78. Coroner.— lr&m\\,1837-'B9; J. S. Lord, 1840-'45; J. M. Hinkle, 1846-'47; W.J. Keyes, 1848-'56; W. Jackson, 1857-'59; C. C. Royce, 1860-'63; J.H. Stevens, 1864-'67; W. J. Keyes, 1868-'69; H. A. York, 1870-'72; S. Hamaker,_ 1873-'74; W.J. Keyes, 1875-'78. Covmty Commissioners. — H. V. Bogue, S. St. John Mix and C. Chamberlain, 1837-'38; M. Reynolds, M. WilKams and J. Parry, 1839; D. Brown, M. Williams and J. Parry, 1840; D. Brown, S. Ruggles and J. Parry, 1841; D. Brown, S. Ruggles and H. Farwell, 1842; D. Brown, H. Heistand and H. Farwell, 1843-'44; S. S. Crowell, H. Heistand and L. Reed, 1845-'46; S. W. Caffman, W. P. Flagg and L. ,Reed, 1847; S. W. Coffman, W. P. Flagg and Wm. Wamsley, 1848-'49; J. White, S. Ruggles and W. C. Salsbury, 1850. Chairmans Board of Super-visors. — Zenas Aphington. of Buffalo, 1850; C. G. Holbrook, of Buffalo, 1851; Dauphin, of Marion, 1852-'53; Joshua White, of Marion, 1854-'58 ; Anson Barnum, of Dement, 1859-'60 ; Solon Cumins, of Grand de Tour, 1861; Anson Barnum, of Dement, 1862; Joshua White, of Marion, 1863-70; Chas. Newcomer, of Mt. Morris, 1871; Joshua White, of Marion, 1873; C. B. Boyce, of Flagg, 1873; D. G. Shottenkirk, of Lafayette, 1874; F. N. Tice, of Forreston, 1875-'76 (in 1876 F. N. Tice was elected Representative and F. B. Rolph, of Taylor, was appointed); Jno. W. Hitt, of Mt. Morris, 1877. 462 HISTOEY OF OGLE COUNTY. <1 1:-^oO \ •qon^'j * 'llisspa tH tO « CM ,-( (M 3D t- O *<*< -^ CO W CO T-l 00 CO T-i 1-1 CM »0 00 CO T-1 -^ O CO -^ CO ¦Ti^ yOJOOGOWlOCO-^lOCOlOOWC-TtlC-OCO-JOjJlgCOCOOC (yilOOO-^a5(MCCCD10COCOOiC-OCQCnCOC5iOC^t--C3COO^C5 Tt< tH cow tH t-i tH tH t-H ^H (M t-H tH ,-1 t-I tH ¦^ Ti< i--ji2TMwft20t- 3000101C"^t-a5CO"^0-^iOCOOOOOCC(lOOO-^CKtC''>C0010COCOWC-COC^GiQOCS10Wt--Ccoco¦^lOcoliOO'^^t--d^cooi(^^coo— iiococooo C.^lOGO-^CSOtcOCOlIOCOCOC^t-COUDOSODCSlO^t-O^COCOTH C3 -dH T-H CO 03 TH ^H T-H T-H T-H T-H CM T-H T-H T-H T-H T-- t "lia-isioid ^ lO CO (>i T-H CQ -^ -T^ 03 CO T-H C5 T-H ^ 00 T-H CO -^ — |-nu3if) ,1; 'uumnqg ^HC0C0OCQOC0-*OC0WO^Ht-^C00iC0-*O— liOCOGOOO OilOGOTjiasCOCOCOWCOCOCiC-COOiOSQOCliCOit-CJCOCOTHC3-^ T-H COC5 -Ht-Ht-H t-Ht-Ht-H CQtHt-Ht-H^H T-H o z;rtl> o C5 HgHrt CM I •p.reAs.ajg (^»O:00t-CCC0-d^00C0C0-^C0C0^HC0TH0il:-O^-^— 'TH-HQst- 05r-lOiO^C005CO(NOOOOT-H(M(M1000^TT-H^OC:-*CO c- CQ tH T-H T-H T-I T-H T-H ¦moiiiio 0'TOOOC5C'>0-«*CDQO-^05COCOCD10CO^(Mt-0(MOiC00510'-'t-C<}COCDi-itM -^ 7-i CO « tH tH TH T-I T-I 1-t C^ 1-1 T-< -rH 1-1 T-t t Msdooo -I- ¦^9PIIX 00CiC0i0C^1C^00C0-<#-*-:iTC0 1COT-i:O0?C0C0^C0T-HC^C0C7: OD r- ITD -rH -^ CO CQ CO T-H 00 00 T-H T-( ic8t2i2L2L2Ji 'h.s." o g oac; ft HISTOEY OF OGLB COUNTY. 463 % o o fcl rt Hw CO M rtB o Eh ortM £-1ia rt « o ^Gi (M '^ T-i I T-H "^ 1 t- O tH tH tH ¦rilOiCCOCDCDC£-COC-(MOCOiOC>t-Oi-lGO(M — COCO-'-<«:>C^OOCOOiOOC- :oc:.2 » s^ i!J.M a b-s ^of ¦+J ^ !-J a-a^g ssg S| «<2 13 § gs s £3.2 g 3 >>5 bo cl .y Oh t3 a P5 464 HISTOEY OF OGLE COUNTY. A TABULAR STATEMENT Showing the Totals or Peesonal and Real Peopeety of Ogle County, FOE THE YEAE 1877. Compiled from the Tax Duplicate of the County Clerk. PERSONAL PROPERTY. Horses of all ages Cattle of all ages Mules and Asses of all ages. Sheep of all ages Hogs of all ages_ Goats. Steam Enclnes, including Boilers Fire or Burglar-Proof Safes _ Billiard, Pigeon Hole, Bagatelle, or other similar Tables Carriages aod Wagons of whatsoever kind Watches and Clocks Sewingor Knitting Machines Piano-Fortes Melodeons and Organs Patent Bights _ -. Steamboats, etc Merchandise on hand __ Material and Manufactured Articles on hand Manufacturers' Tools, Implements and Machinery Agricultural Tools, Implements and Machinery. Gold and Silver Plate and Plated Ware _ Diamonds and Jewelry _ _ Moneys of Bank, Banker, Broker or Stock Jobber Credits of Bank, Banker, Broker or Stock Jobber Moneys of other than Bank, Banker, Broker orStock Jobber. Credits of other than Bank, Banker, Broker or Stock Jobber. . Bonds and Stocks Shares of Capital Stock of Companies not of this State Property of Corporations not before enumerated Bridge Property Property of Saloons and Eating Houses. Household or Office Furniture and Property Investments in Real Estate and Improvements thereon All olher Personal Property required to be listed Total Value op Personal Property. LANDS. Improved Lands, in acres Unimproved Lands, in acres TOWN AND CITY LOTS. Improved Town and City Lots Unimproved Town and City Lots Total Value of all Property as Assessed. a 16,38340,584 309 7,6 64,487 20219536 6,3885,8232,865 270697 43 41,538.77 63,354.19 5,6638,871 |48 01 14 61 55 53 1 95 3 59 3 00 305 47 64 06 77 11 33 46 4 38 17 66 111 92 49 37 58 75 100 00 37 58 15 41 356 45 37 28 786,587593,851 17,16014,975 355,158 40 6,3156,085 2,005 307,382 35,559 50,61430,320 34,407 235300 345,504 23,79813,3i5 193,886 1,018 135 33,91099,149 456,139 797,598 8,855 2,5001,400 760 348,155 4,980 350,856 156,400 3,727,388 11,357,512 975,025 1,453,146 91,984 18,683,943 filStOET OS" OGLE OOUNTf. 465 EDUCATIONAL. The first schools taught in Ogle County were private or subscription schools. Their accommodations, as may readily be supposed, were not good. Sometimes they were taught in small log houses, erected for the purpose. Stoves and such heating apparatus as are in use now were unknown. A mud and stick chimney in one end of the building, with earthen hearth, with afire place wide enough and deep enough to take in a four-foot back log, and smaller wood to match, served for warming purposes in Winter, and a kind of conservatory in Summer. For windows, part of a log was cut out in either side, and may be a few panes of eight-by-ten glass set in, or, just as likely as not, the aperture would be covered over with greased paper. Writing benches were made of wide planks or, may be, puncheons, resting on pins or arms, driven into two-inch augur-holes, bored into the loi;s beneath the windows. Seats were made out of thick planks or puncheons. Flooring was made of the same kind of stuff. Every thing was rude and plain, but many of America's great men have gone out from just such school-houses to grapple with the world and make names for themselves, and names that come to be an honor to their coun try. Among these might be named Abraham Lincoln, America's mar tyred President, and one of the noblest men ever known to the world's history. In other cases, private rooms and parts of private houses were utilized as school-houses, but the furniture was just as plain. But all these things are changed now. A log school-house in Illinois is a rarity. Their places are filled with handsome frame or brick structures. The rude furniture has also given way, and the old school books — the " Pop ular Reader," the " English Reader " (the best school reader ever known in American schools), and " Webster's Elementary Spelling Book " — are superseded by others of greater pretentions. The old spelling classes and spelling matches have followed the old school-houses, until they are remem bered only in name. Of her school system Illinois can justly boast. It is a pride and a credit to the adopted home of the great men this great state has sent out as rulers and representative men — men like Lincoln, Douglas, G-rant, Shields, Lovejoy, Yates, Washburne, Drummond, and hundreds of others whose names are as familiar abroad as they are in the histories of the counties an-d neighborhoods where once they lived. While the state has extended such fostering care to the interests of education, the several coun ties have been no less zealous and watchful in the management of this vital interest. And Ogle County forms no exception to the rule. The school- houses and their furnishings are in full keeping with the spirit of the law that provides for their maintenance and support. The teachers rank high among the other thousands of teachers in the state, and the several county superintendents, since the office of superintendent was made a part of the school system, have been chosen with especial reference to their fitness for the position. For several years it has been the policy of the superintendents of Ogle County, to raise the standard of requirements for certificates, even above those required by law. When the law was changed so that the natural sci ences and physiology were no longer required in second grade certificates, Ogle County still asked her teachers to do the work. 466 HISTOEY OF OGLE COUNTY. In the first grade work, twelve branches are required, and many ofthe questions are said to be as hard to pass as those used for fetate certifi cates. The county maintains eight graded and four high schools — all of supe rior order and character. The graduates of the high schools are required, in addition to the pre scribed course of study, to show the county superintendent's first grade cer tificate before graduation. Notwithstanding the high standard of requirement necessary to secure a certificate, teachers are always found in abundance. This is owing to the fact that Ogle County, for the last six years, has held an annual drill, lasting at least four weeks. From two to three hundred teachers attend these drills, and receive instructions from the best educators of the State. Ogle County has always believed in the policy of paying her educa tional workers liberally and well. The Board of Supervisors pay the Superintendent a fair salary and the school principals in her larger towns are paid from $1,000 to $1,600 a year. Of their educators and their schools, the people have just reason to be proud. Such scholars, teachers and superintendents as E. L. Wells, P. E. Walker, J. H. Freeman, M. C. Dougherty, John T. Ray, and others that might be named, all of whom maintain an enviable reputation, are not only an honor to the county, but to the state at large, and to their labors and fostering care is mainly attributable the proud position of the schools in 1878 — a position not only claimed by the people of the county, but which has been awarded to them by the representative men of the nation. In the educational department of the Centennial Exhibition the Ogle County schools bore a conspicuous part. When the State Teacher's Asso ciation met at Rock Island, December 28 and 29, 1875, and decided to be represented at America's Great Centennial Exhibition in 1876, the teachers present from Ogle County called a meeting and organized by calling P. E. Walker, of Rochelle, to the chair ; Miss J. F. Hathaway was chosen secre tary and Mr. J. H. Smith was elected treasurer. During the month of February, 1876, about $200 was raised to defray the expenses of Ogle County's share of the exhibit — a larger amount than was assessed. Under the efficient management of Superintendent E. L. Wells, assisted by the principal of the graded school, 24 volumes of examination work, averaging over 250 pages each, were prepared. Most of this work was done by the graded schools of Rochelle, Polo, Oregon, Forreston, Mt. Morris and Byron. In addition, three volumes were sent from the district schools of the county. Two from Rock River Seminary, and two contain ing teacher's examination work from the superintendent's office. The exhibit compared well in quality and quantity with exhibits of the large city schools of the state, and far exceeded that of any county exhibit. As a result, the bronze medal and a diploma were awarded to Ogle County alone, over all other counties in the state. This work has since been returned and is now distributed in the several school libraries of the county. The bronze medal and diploma are (or ought to be) in the office of the county superintendent. The medal bears this inscription: "Awarded to the Superintendent, teachers and Pupils of Ogle County for excellence of Teachers and Pupils' work." John T. Ray, the present Superintendent of County Schools, was born, raised and educated (except while at college) in the county. He has grown HISTOEY OF OGLB COUNTY. 467 up with the school interests, and has either been a pupil, teacher or principal in the schools all his life. He graduated from the Northwestern University at Evanston, with the class of 1875, receiving the degree of Bachelor of Philosophy. He is probably the youngest superintendent of county schools ever elected in tho State of Illinois. He is a son of Hugh Ray (or Rea), one of the earliest settlers of the county, and ono of six children of that old pioneer, four of whom, besides John T. — Ephraim, W. E., Kate E. and Jennie E. — are either engaged in teaching or preparing for educational work. John T. Ray, Ph. B., was elected to the office of County Superintendent in November, 1875, and assumed the duties of the position December 3, following. The following extracts, showing the condition of the schools, school fund, etc., are taken from the superintendent's last report : Number of males under 21 years of age 7.481 Number of females under 21 years of age 6,902 Total . 14,333 Number of males between 6 and 21 years 5,133 Number of females between 6 aud 21 years 4,783 Total 9,916 Number of school districts 179 Number having school five months or more 176 Average number of months school sustained '^AV Number of male pupils enrolled 8,974 Number of female pupils enrolled 8,721 Total 7,715 Number of male teachers enrolled 154 Number of female teachers enrolled 207 Total teachers enrolled 361 Grand total number days' attendance, 830,526 ; being equal in school time («'. c. nine months of four weeks each, and five days to a week) to 4,611 years and 5 months. Highest monthly wages paid any male teacher Highest monthly wages paid any female teacher Lowest monthly wages paid any male teacher Lowest monthly wages paid any female teacher Average monthly wages paid male teachers Average monthly wages paid female teachers Value of school libraries Total receipts during the year Total expenditures during the year Balance in hands of Treasurers Estimated value of school property Estimated value of apparatus Principal of township fund Number of different places where examinations were held.... Whole number of examinations held Whole number of male applicants examined for first grade certificates Whole number of male applicants examined for second grade certificates Whole number of female applicants examined for first grade certificates Whole number of female applicants during the year for sec ond grade certificates Total number examined for first grade certificates 1177 77 100 00 20 00 18 00 43 16 81 57 1,992 00 180,937 05 106,139 86 24,890 80 286,007 00 3,402 00 71,276 01 15 60 70 155 65 240 135 468 HlSTOEY OF OGLE COUNTY Total number of second grade certificates issued during the year 303 Number of male applicants rejected 92 Number of female applicants rejected 114 Total number rejected 206 ROCK RIVER SEMINARY, MOUNT MORRIS. In 1838, Mr. A. Quinby Allen came from Maryland, with the Maryland colonists, having been engaged by 'Squire Samuel M. Hitt and Nathaniel Swingley to accompany them, as a school teacher, to their new settlement In the far West. He opened the first school in the vicinity of the present town of Mount Morris, in a log school house located in the grove about eighty rods, a little south of west of the present residence of Prof. D. J. Pinckney. His pupils, the children of the first settlers, numbered twenty-six. A more extended sketch of this school will be found in the history of Mount Morris. The settlement made here was generally known as the " Maryland ColoDy," sometimes called the "Pine Creek Settlement." The colonists were deter mined to make ample provisions for educating their children. In September of the same year (1838), Rev. Thomas S. Hitt and his family removed to the Pine Creek Settlement, from Ohio ; and soon afterward, after consultation, it was deemed advisable that he should attend the Illinois Conference of the Metho'dist Episcopal Church, then in session at Jacksonville, for the purpose of inducing that body to take the "Pine Creek Grammar School" under its special charge, with a view to the development of an institution of learning of higher character in this locality. Mr. Hitt laid the matter before the Conference, of which Rev. John Clark was Presiding Elder, and urged that body to become directly interested in the little school then just established by the Maryland colonists. The Conference, however, while deeply interested in the cause of educa tion, was inclined to consider such action of doubtful propriety ; but, after mature deliberation, appointed a committee to select a suitable location in Northern Illinois for a seminary. That committee was composed of Rev. John Clark, Rev. Leander S. Walker, Rev. Thomas S. Hitt, Rev. P. R. Borien and Rev. ¦ , who were to receive propositions from various places desiring the seminary, and willing to contribute to its foundation and support. Proposi tions were received from Joliet, Chicago, Roscoe, Kishwaukee and the Mary land Colony. Roscoe and Kishwaukee, then prosperous cities, now nearly forgotten, were, with the Maryland Colony, the principal competitors. When Mr. Hitt returned with this proposition, a few large-hearted, far- seeing and public spirited settlers living in the vicinity — Hon. Samuel M. Hitt, Hon. John Wallace, Rev. Thomas S. Hitt, Capt. Nathaniel Swingley, Mr. Martin Reynolds, C. B. Artz, Esq. ; David Warden, and two or three others — determined to secure the location for "Maryland Colony." Numerous con sultations were held, a general line of action agreed upon, and each pledged a liberal contribution — so liberal that when the fact that they had hardly had time since their arrival to secure comfortable dwellings for their families, their enthusiasm appears indeed astonishing. Bight thousand dollars and 480 acres of land were pledged, a heavy burden to be boldly assumed on behalf of the rising and future generations by a little handful of men in a new country, where money was scarce and laborers few. CO.SUPT. SCHOOLS HISTORY OF OGLB COUNTY. 469 In the Spring of 1839, the committee visited all the locations from which propositions had been received, closing their tour with the Maryland Colony, where they arrived about the 1st of May. May 3d, 1839, the members visited Mr. Allen's school and after witnessing the exercises, requested the school to retire that they might have the room for consultation. It is needless to add that the teacher and pupils did not go far, but gathered in groups around the building where they could hear the discussions within. Several of the citizens, in their anxiety for the result, also lingered near. The discussions were ani mated. Some of the members favored Kishwaukee, others Roscoe, and the session was protracted far into the night. But at last the Chairman threw his influence in favor of the " Maryland Colony," and this settled the question. The anxious listeners outside gave vent to their feelings by throwing up their hats and making the " welkin ring " with their joyous hurrahs. The next day, May 4, 1839, the committee proceeded to select a site for the future seminary, which was destined to exercise such an important influence in Northern Illinois, and "drove the stake " on the summit into which the grandly rolling prairie crested, where the committee had a commanding view of a large extent of country of almost marvelous beauty, dotted on every side with near approaching groves, where the "old seminary building " now stands. No time was lost. The energetic founders of the Institute held a meeting at once, and selected a building committee consisting of Messrs. S. M. Hitt, N. Swingley and C. B. Artz. This committee received plans and proposals from James B. McCoy and Mr. Elias Etnyre. That of Mr. McCoy was accepted, and the contract was awarded to him for $18,000. Work was commenced at once and pushed with such energy, that arrange ment was made to lay the corner stone on the 4th day of July following, with appropriate ceremonies. Efibrts were made to secure an address from some distinguished speaker from abroad, and invitations were extended to Rev. John Clark, who had rendered the building committee efiicient aid ; to Rev. P. R. Borien, of Chicago, and to Judge Thomas Ford, but unfortunately neither of them could be present. On the day appointed, the basement walls were partly laid, and at the south west angle the walls had been raised sufficiently high to support the corner stone. The people collected from far and near, for it was an occasion of intense mter est to them. It was estimated that there were over five hundred people present, which was an immense throng for such a thinly populated — almost unsettled country. For to the pupils of that little pioneer "grammar" school it was a glorious gala day, and "dress parade" is no adequate appellation to designate their appearance, marshaled in double file, in front of that old log school house, with their teacher at their head and provided with a banner, bearing upon one side the words " United we Stand, Divided we Fall," and upon the other, " Science and Virtue," the wild delight of their young hearts leaping forth from their sparkling eyes, and speaking through their very feet that kept wilbng time to the music of the hour, as they marched with proud and elastic step to the beautiful spot where the corner stone of a magnificent temple of instruction for their benefit was to be laid. In the receptacle prepared for the purpose were deposited copies of all the Methodist papers and periodicals of the day, a sample of the silver com of the United States, a full history of the enterprise to that date, with the names ot the building committee, enclosed in a glass bottle and hermetically sealed, etc. In testimony that more than Methodists were heartily engaged in this noble work, the interesting fact is noted that when these memorial articles were being 470 HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. deposited, a Baptist lady, Mrs. Dixon (wife of John Dixon the old pioneer of this portion of our great commonwealth, who recently died, as full of honors as of years), stepped forward and asked permission to deposit with the other papers a copy of a Baptist publication, which was cordially granted. The corner stone was laid and the oration pronounced by Rev. Thomas S. Hitt. The half dozen families then residing within a radius of five or six miles had spread tables on the grounds east of the building, bountifully supplied, and here, at the close of the services, they fed the multitude. The occasion marked a new era in the history of the pioneer settlement of the Northwest, and the day was long to be remembered. The following copy of a letter, written by Rev. Mr. Borien to Rev. T. S. Hitt, soon after this occasion, indicates the interest that was felt in this, for that day, great undertaking. For his efforts and labor in its behalf he had received a donation of eighty acres of land, to which he refers : Chicago, July 9, 1839. Bbo. H. -. I know you were all disappointed on the " Fourth." Clark, I presume, was not there to address the people, and your letter requesting me to prepare and speak on that occaaion, did not come to hand until the evening of the 8d of July, and I was then preparing to speak the next day in our city. Ifou have no idea how I regret the way matters have turned out. I had engaged my services for the " Fourth" long before, even before I heard of your intention of laying the foundation on the " Fourth." I would have given much to have been present; first, because I never witnessed the like ; second, because I want to watch closely the progress of the " Institu tion," through every stage of its being, until it takes its stand among the first institutions ofthe country. I hope, however, that the day passed off in a manner better than was expected. I thank you and your two brothers, Capt. Swingley, and all concerned, ten thousand times for my land. * * * You must pardon this scrip, for I am sick with a cold. P. R. BORIEN. During the Summer and Fall of 1839, a portion of the prairie around the building in process of erection was surveyed and platted by D. Fletcher Hill, and the embryo town was named Mt. Morris. The Rock Biver Register, in 1842, stated that the town was named in honor of Bishop Robert Morris, and this is the prevailing impression among the present survivors of that day. Pro fessor Pinckney states, on the authority of Horace Miller, Esq., of Kishwaukee, that he. Miller, gave this town its name in honor of Mount Morris, Genesee County, New York, his former residence. Mr. Miller was a prominent and influential member of the Methodist Church at Kishwaukee, who had been active in his eiforts to secure the location of the Seminary at that point. He had failed, but he was still deeply interested in the enterprise ; was one of the first trnstees of the institution, and, under the circumstances, it is very natural to suppose that he might have been permitted the honor of naming the town where it was located. It seems probable that both may be correct. Judge Miller, having suggested the name of his old town, the Methodist Elders at once adopted it, because it was in honor of Bishop Morris as well. The first meeting of the Board of Trustees of which record now exists occurred November 18, 1839. Present, Rev. John Clark, Rev. B. Weed, Rev. Thomas S. Hitt, John Wallace, Horace Miller, C. B. Artz, Dr. J. J. Beatty, Capt. N. Swingley and S. M. Bowman. Rev. John Clark was elected Presi dent, Rev. B. Weed, Vice President, Samuel M. Hitt, Treasurer, and S. M. Bowman, Secretary. Grant Goodrich, George D. H. Wilcoxon and James Johnson were elected members of the Board. The salary of the agent was fixed at $500 per annum, and contingent. expenses. HISTORY OF OGLB COUNTY. 471 At this meeting, Rev. Thomas S. Hitt, who had been appointed agent of the institution, and who was its agent for a long time afterward, and to whom was largely entrusted the management of its affairs, reported the amount of contributions that had been pledged, and was authorized to raise money upon the sale of scholarships — for one year, $25 ; for two years, $50 ; for four years, $100;- perpetual, $500. In conjunction with the Building Committee, he was authorized to negotiate a loan of $4,000, and clothed with power to call future meetings of the Trustees. In an historical sketch of this institution, written a few years ago by Robert R. Hitt, Esq., it is remarked, "The facility with which this institution glided into debt was a marked characteristic in its history." It simply followed the universal custom of running in debt which has been a great drawback upon the prosperity of the American people and American institutions. At this November meeting, it was resolved to apply to the next Legislature for an act of incorporation, and a committee, consisting of Rev. John Clark, Hon. Thomas Ford and C. B. Artz, was appointed to draft a charter to be sub mitted to the General Assembly of Illinois. Another committee, consisting of Revs. John Clark, B. Weed, Thomas S. Hitt, James J. Beatty and Horace Miller, was appointed to employ a Principal and teachers. A special meeting of the Board of Trustees was held in Oregon City, January 27, 1840, at which John Clark, Thomas S. Hitt, C. B. Artz, N. Swingley, M. Reynolds, John Wallace, Thomas Ford and Horace Miller were present. At this meeting, the following resolution was adopted : Resolved, That a circular be drafted and addressed to the several Presiding Elders of the Methodist Episcopal Church in the northern part of Illinois, and the Territories of Wisconsin and Iowa, setting forth the present condition and ultimate design ofthe Rook River Seminary, and eimestly requesting them to use their influence with the several traveling and local preachers and others in their respective districts to take up, as goon as practicable, collections in small sums from all individuals who may be willing to contribute to the erection of said Seminary. Hon. Thomas Ford and Rev. Thomas S. Hitt were appointed to draft the circular. The Agent reported that he had " obtained a loan of John Sanburn of four hundred dollars, to be returned 1st April, A. D. 1840, in Land Office money " —gold. At the regular quarterly meeting of the Board, April 20, 1840, at Mt. Morris, the Agent was authorized to endorse the notes of J. B. McCoy (con tractor), for $2,500, payable September 1, 1840, this amount to be a part of the loan of $4,000, and the Board were to responsible for the endorsement. He subsequently reported that he had endorsed only $60 of Mr. McCoy's paper. In anticipation of the opening of the school, it was ordered that the price of board for students under 15 years of age should be $1.50 per week ; over that age, $1.75. The prices of tuition were also established, and it was agreed that John Wallace should act as Steward of the Semina-ry. The efforts to raise money were energetically continued through the Winter of 1889-40, with considerable success, and the originators of this bold scheme to establish a seminary in the wilderness began to feel confident of success. At an adjourned meeting of the Board, May 30, 1840, the committee re ported the engagement of Prof Joseph N. Waggoner, of the Genesee (N. Y.) Wesleyan Seminary, and an arrangement was made with him to allow him $30 for his traveling expenses to this county, and $20 per month for his services as teacher, for three months, from June 1st. 472 HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. A survey of the seminary ground was ordered, and Rev. John Clark, S. M. Hitt, N. Swingley, G. D. H. Wilcoxon, John Wallace, M. Reynolds and S. M. Bowman were appointed an " attending committee," to instruct the surveyor. At this meeting. Rev. Alexander Irvine, an earnest and active Methodist preacher, was appointed to visit Chicago, to solicit donations. At a subsequent meeting, Mr. Irvine reported that he had obtained subscriptions amounting to $186.75, including a stove from Mr. J. K. Botsford, of Chicago; whereupon the Board voted that Mr. Irvine should have the stove and his stage fare, $35, as compensation for his services and expenses. Traveling by stage was ex pensive in those days. The seminary building was not ready for occupation on the 1st of June, and Mr. Waggoner taught school during the Summer in the log school house, near Prof Pinckney's present residence, where Mr. Allen had first wielded the birch. July 3, 1840, the agent reported that Mr. McCoy (contractor) had been paid $4,190. Mr. S. M. Bowman, Secretary of the Board, then a merchant at Dixon, since of San Francisco and New York, was appointed to write the history of the Seminary, for publication. Mr. Bowman was subsequently the author of a volume of European travels, but his history of the Seminary was never pre sented to the public. The annual session of the Rockford Conference was appointed at Mount Morris, in the Fall of 1840. It was expected that the Seminary building would be so far completed that the meeting could be accommodated beneath its roof. But in this the people were disappointed ; the plastering was not done, and they held a camp meeting in the grove, about two miles northwest of the unfinished edifice. At the session of the Rock River Conference, at Mount Morris, September 2, 1840, the following Board of Trustees for Rock River Seminary was ap pointed, viz. : John Clark, Samuel M. Hitt, John H. Rountree, J. B. Crist, Anthony Pitzer, Nathaniel Swingley, Leander S. Walker, James Mitchell, John Sinclair, C. Burr Artz, Thomas Ford, Bartholomew Weed, Thomas S. Hitt and James J. Beatty, and on the evening of the same day the new Board organized by the choice of John Clark, President, and Thomas S. Hitt, Secre tary. Judge Ford and Elder Clark were requested to draft and procure the pas sage of a charter at the next session of the Legislature. October 2, 1840, Rev. John Sharp was appointed Steward ; T. S. Hitt, John Wallace, ,Anthony Pitzer and John Sharp were appointed Executive Committee. Thomas S. Hitt was appointed to make a final settlement with Mr. McCoy. Mr. Waggoner's wages were continued as first agreed upon until the commence ment of the first term, when his salary was to be fixed at $300 a year. October 28, 1840, the Board resolved, " with the permission of J. B. McCoy, to take possession of the Seminary edifice as tenants during one session, to close in April next." The first term of the Rock River Seminary commenced on the first Friday in November, 1840, and continued twenty-two weeks, with a goodly number of students when the fact is remembered that the country was very sparsely settled. The first Board of Visitors consisted of Rev. John Clark, of Mount Morris; Rev. John T. Mitchell and Rev. Hooper Crews, of Chicago ; Rev. S. H. Stock ing, of Rockford, and Rev. B. Weed, of Plattville, W. T. Board of Instruc tion — Prof. Joseph N. Waggoner, Principal and Professor of Languages ; Rev. HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. 473 Lyman Catlin, Professor of Mathematics, and Miss Cornelia N. Russell, Pre ceptress. The second term commenced the first Friday in May, 1841, with the same Board of Instruction and a primary department in charge of Mrs. Fanny Rus sell. This was the town schoo.1, under the charge of the Seminary, and of course increased the number of students. The primary department was discontinued in 1843. December 29, 1840, the following resolutions were adopted : Resolved, That lots be donated to applicants applying until the 1st of June next, who shall build a house of stone, brick or frame not less that 16 by 24 feet, IJ stories high, to be fit for occupancy by the 1st of January, 1842, or sooner. Resolved, That all lots in the town of Mount Morris be deeded with the proviso that houses of ill fame, gambling and retailing of ardent spirits be prohibited. January 3, 1841, the Seminary was formally dedicated, the address on the interesting occasion being delivered by Samuel N. Samples, Esq., a lawyer, of Oregon. January 4, 1841, J. Clark, T. S. Hitt and N. Swingley were appointed to finish the " surveying and platting of Mount Morris," and the following action was taken : Whereas, D. F. Hitt, Esq., proposed to the agent to do all the necessary work iu surveying on the Seminary lands, such as laying otf the town of Mount Morris, the Botanical Gardens* arid the grave yard, and give a level, compass, chain and necessary fixtures for fitting out an engineer ing and surveying department in the institute, in consideration of a certificate of perpetual schol arship The above proposition laid before the Trustees was accepted, the instruments received, the certificate given and a part of the work accomplished. Rev. Luke Hitchcock was appointed as an additional special agent to assist Mr. Hitt, whose health had become impaired. By act of the General Assembly of Illinois, approved February 18, 1841, the Rock River Seminary was incorporated. The corporators named in the act were John Clark, Leander S. Walker, Thomas S. Hitt, Jacob B. Crist, C. Burr Artz, Samuel M. Hitt, John Wallace, Nathaniel Swingley, Anthony Pitzer and James J. Beatty. The number of Trustees was not to exceed twelve, ex clusive of the Principal, or presiding officer of the Seminary, who was made, ex officio, a member of the Board. At a special meeting of the corporation, April 29, 1841, the charter was unanimously accepted ; and on the 6th of May, J. Clark was elected Chairman ; T. S. Hitt, Secretary, and A. Pitzer, Treasurer. April 14, 1841, Mrs. Fanny Russell was employed to take charge of the primary department at two dollars per week and board. At the close of the first school year, October 7, 1841, the order of exercises was as follows : GENTLEMEN. 1. Music. 2. Prayer. 3. Music. 4. Stability of our Republic. John B. Cheney, Boonsboro, Md. 5. Man a Social Being. Henry Madden, Belmont, W. T. 6. Freedom. Jesse S. Pitzer, Ottawa. 7. Music. 8. Beauties of Nature. James D. Turner, Freeport. 9. Intellectual Culture. Ephraim Ingals, Palestine Grove. 10. Music. 11. Formation of Character. Elias M. Hammond. Sycamore. 12. The Art of Printing. Samuel M. Fellows. Dixon. 13. Independence. Benjamin G. Stephens, Apple River. 14. Music. ^ *Ihe Botanical Gardens Included a large area south of the town, between it and the " grave yard." 474 HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. 15. True Greatness. Charles Dement, Dixon. 16. A Superintending Providence Manifest in the Affairs of Nature. Geo. A. Ingals, Pales tine Grove. 17. Music. 18. Benediction. LADIES. 1. Prayer. 2. All is not Gold that Glitters. Miss Susan V. West. 8. Attachments to Early Habits. Miss Rlizabeth 0. Clement. 4. Advantages of History. Miss Helen M. Judson. 5. Advantage of Strict Adherence to Truth. Miss Emily Young. 6. Perseverance Accomplishes Everything. Miss Amanda Wheeler. 7. Contemplation. Almira M. Robertson. 8. Benediction. Mr. Catlin, who remained in the institution several years, was a good teacher. Miss Cornelia N. Russell was an accomplished teacher, and a lady whose sweet ness of character and skill as a teacher will never be forgotten by the hundreds of students who attended during her term of service. Professor Waggoner proved himself to be an able and faithful instructor. He is now, and has been for many years, a 'prosperous bookseller at Galena. The following extract from a historical sketch, contained in the catalogue of the Institution for 1874, will not be out of place in this connection : The country was then very sparsely settled — a wide region of far-sweeping prairie's, with winding strips of woodland following the cour.«e of the streams — the few people scattered here and there were mostly persons with narrow means, working diligently to open farms, living in small, inconvenient, temporary houses, with the pressure of necessity — clothing, food, the improvement of the land, their stock and crops — to divert their attention from the future value of education to their sons and daughters. They generally possessed more individual energy and force of character than is found in the average citizen nowadays, and responded readily to the appeals of the agents of the Seminary and the enthusiastic Methodist circuit riders, who entered upon this cause as heartily as they do upon every other good thing. The students who came were, many of them, crude and awkward beginners ; a few were advanced by previous advantages in the East, but they were generally of good families, and their education in the school was preceded and supplemented by home and social education, rendering it ten-fold more valuable. They grew up with the spirit of the period upon them, the energy characteristic of a new country, and, as a result, there is a surprising proportion of those whose names occur as students in the cata logues of those days who have risen to distinction as clergymen, lawyers, merchants, politicians, editors, influential and substantial citizens, or accomplished, useful and honored women. Among those who appeared in the first catalogues were Dr. Augustus H. Ankeny, now a leading and wealthy citizen of Clinton, Iowa ; T. C. Ankeny, Esq., of Viroqua, editor ofthe Wisconsin Inde pendent; Rev. Jno. Emery Clark, a well known Methodist educator; John B. Cheney, Esq., afterward a brilliant lawyer; Albert Deere, the manufacturer of the Deere plow, at Moline; Prof. S. M. Fellows, long a teacher here, a man of great worth and thorough scholarship ; Richard N. Hamilton, Esq., of Chicago ; James C. T. Phelps, Esq., William J. Mix, Esq., of Oregon; Rev. Wm. R. Irvine, Hon. James D. Turner, Gen. W. H. L. Wallace, afterward a prominent lawyer, a soldier of distinction in the Mexican war, aud in the late war rising to the rank of a General oflicer, fell gallantly fighting at Shiloh ; Gen. M. R. M. Wallace, brother of the preceding, now at Chicago and Judge of the Cook County Court ; Capt. John F. Wallace, another brother, who served in the army and died at Galveston, Texas. Among the ladies, Margaret C. Hitt, now wife of Hon. D. J. Pinckney ; Helen M. Judson, now wife of Gov. Jno. L. Beveridge ; Elizabeth Reynolds, now wife of Hon. L. P. Sanger. Scores of others, equally well known and honored, might be mentioned from the 156 names in the first catalogue. In addition to the above, may be mentioned the name of the author of the above sketch, Hon. Robert R. Hitt, now (1878) Secretary of Legation at Paris, France ; John W. Hitt, Esq., the present faithful Supervisor of the town of Mount Morris ; Robert S. Hitt, Esq., of Chicago ; Dr. Benjamin G. Stephens, of Mount Morris ; Almira M. Robertson (now Mrs. A. M. Bacon, of Oregon); Ann E. Swingley (now Mrs. J. C. T. Phelps, of Oregon) ; John Hitt, Esq., now and for several years past Deputy Collector of Customs at Chicago ; James Martin, afterward a professor in the institution and now Principal of a seminary near Sacramento, Cal. HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. 475 March 16, 1841, L. S. Walker, J. Sharp, John Wallace and Thomas S. Hitt were appointed a committee to manage " the Teaching Department for the present term." April 8, 1842, Rev. Daniel J. Pinckney, A. B., was elected Principal of the Seminary. He was, when elected, a professor in the Genesee Wesleyan Seminary (N. Y.) Prof Pinckney arrived at Chicago on the 5th of August, 1842, where the Rock River Conference was in session, and at Mount Morris the Saturday night following. The next day. Sabbath, he addressed the people. Upon his arrival, he found the institution heavily burdened with debt (over $16,000), the building unfinished, and only sixteen students in attendance. From that time until the commencement of the Fall and Winter term in November, he traveled extensively and lectured in the principal towns of Southern Illinois and Wisconsin in the interest of the institution and for secur ing students. The Fall term opened with one hundred and fifty students, and fi:om that time onward it was successful in its literary and scientific depart ments, but, for reasons already shown, was much embarrassed financially ; there seems to have been no lack of students, the great difficulty being the want of sufficient accommodations for those who desired to attend. During his administration, a large number of young men received their education at this institution, remaining several years after they entered, until they graduated. Of these, many subsequently occupied and some of them still occupy prominent positions in State and nation ; among whom were Gen. John A. Rawlins, Secretary of War under President Grant ; Gov. John L. Beveridge ; Gov. Shelby M. Cullom ; Hon. G. L. Fort, now Member of Congress : Hon. James L. Bev eridge, ex-Governor of State ; Hon. Henry L. Magoon, Member of Congress for the Darlington District, Wis. ; Rev. Dr. Fowler, now Editor of the Christian Advocate and Journal, New York ; Dani:"! H. Wheeler, afterward professor at Cornell College and in the Northwestern University at Evanston. now Editor of the Methodist, New York ; Hon. Moses Hallett, now United States Judge in Colorado ; John V. Farwell, Esq., now a prominent merchant in Chicago, and many others who since attained distinction in the ministry, as educators, and in other walks of life. In March, 1845, in consequeiice of ill health, Prof Pinckney left the institution, temporarily, in charge of Prof S. R. Thorpe, his able and efficient assistant, for the i-emainder of the term. At the end of that term. Prof Pinck ney and P. Judson, Secretary of the Board, were appointed to secure the services of Dr. J. C. Finley, formerly of McKendree College, who became Principal and remained in charge about a year, when Prof Pinckney again resumed his position. In 1847, Prof Pinckney was elected a member of the Constitutional Con vention, and, during his absence, left Prof Fellows in charge of the Seminary. August 21, 1847, Rev. Carmi C. Olds was elected Principal of the Seminary, who continued until March 6, 1850, when he tendered his resignation, and Prof S. M. Fellows was elected Acting Principal for the then present term. May 7, 1850, Prof Pinckney, J. J. Beatty and E. Wood were appointed a com mittee to make arrangements in regard to the formation of a new faculty. June 26, 1850, Prof D. J. Pinckney was again elected Principal ; but as he could not take full charge of the Seminary until the commencement of the Winter term of 1850-1, on the 29th of July, Prof S. M. Fellows was appointed Acting Principal for the Fall term of 1850. The old Seminary building was no longer large enough to accommodate the large number of students who flocked to this institution, which had become the 476 HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. leading literary institution of Northern Illinois, and it was necessary to enlarge it or erect a new one. At a meeting of the Board of Trustees, September 9, 1850, action was taken, and the following resolution adopted: Resolved, That we advertise in the Mount Morris Gazette to receive proposals for stone and brick work, and other materials, for the walls of a new Seminary building, forty by one hun dred and twenty feet, four stories high, until the 1st of October, 1850. Prof D. J. Pinckney, E. Wood and A. C. Marsten were appointed a com mittee to make a plan of the building. At the meeting of the Trustees, Nov. 11, 1850, resolutions of respect and sympathy were adopted on the death of John Wallace, who had been connected with the Seminary from its first organization. At the same session, Daniel J. Pinckney, F. B. Brayton and Enoch Wood were appointed a Building Com mittee,, who were instructed to make a plan and advertise for the erection ofthe new building. This new building was located, by vote of the Trustees, Decem ber 23, 1850, "thirty-six feet south" of the old structure. May 12, 1851, the Executive Committee were authorized to close a con tract with Jacob Myers for the erection of the walls of the new; Seminary build ing, and work was commenced soon afterward. June 7, 1851, the scholarship system was adopted for the purpose of endowing the Rock River Seminary. The scholarships were to be made per petual, and sold for $60. Messrs. Pinckney, Crews and Wood were appointed a committee to draft a plan for issuing them, and make the necessary prepara tions for doing so. March 1, 1852, it was ordered that the " Botanical Garden, containing thirteen and a half acres, be surveyed, divided into forty-eight lots, and recorded as an addition to the town of " Mount Morris." December 30, 1852, the Trustees resolved to apply to the Legislature for an act of incorporation as an University ; appointed Messrs. Pinckney, Fellows and Little to draft a charter, and requested Mr. Pinckney to go to Springfield in the interest of the movement, which he did, and secured the passage of an amendment conferring University privileges upon the institution. In January, 1853, Mr. Pinckney resigned as Principal, and Prof George L. Little was elected. He was succeeded by Prof. Spencer S. Matteson, at the commencement of the Fall term, who died in November, 1853 ; and Prof Pinckney again assumed active control of the school. The records of the Board of Trustees thus far do not indicate the progress of the new building, but it had been progressing, for on the 28th of June, 1854, it was estimated that f 6,000 would be sufficient to complete it, and the following resolution was unanimously adopted : Resolved, That we raise twelve thousand dollars on well secured pledges, to be appropriated to the payment of the debts of the R. R. Seminary, and to the finisliing and furn'shing of the new building. Provided the said sum of twelve thousand dollars shall be thus pledged and secured by the 20th day of September next. In June, 1855, Prof Pinckney resigned, and his active connection with the Institution ceased. For more than thirteen years he had devoted his time, ener gies and money to advance the prosperity and usefulness of the Rock River Seminary, and had been its Principal most of the time during that period. It must be remembered, in reviewing the progress of this institution, that its pupils were gathered from a very wide extent of territory. There are probably more young men and women now in one-half of Ogle County who desire and need the advantages of such an institution, than there were then in all Northern Illinois and Southern Wisconsin, and Rock River Seminary at Mt. Morris was the only institution of the kind then in existence in all this great territory. For HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. 477 this reason, if for no other, the Seminary exerted a more commanding influence in all this region than is now exerted by it or any other institution of similar character. It had a broader field. It is not strange, therefore, that during Prof Pinckney's long and successful administration, it exerted a powerful influence in moulding the destinies of this, the comparatively unknown Northwest, which will continue to be felt through all coming generations. It is to be mentioned he never expelled a student from the Institute, and he enjoyed to a remarkable degree the respect, confidence and affection of his pupils, and the esteem of his associates. Although he was no longer connected with the Seminary as its Principal, he remained a member of the Board of Trustees until 1858. Prof Pinckney was succeeded as Principal by Prof. W. T. Harlow, who was elected in June, 1855, and soon after, the school was opened in the new building. A loan of $12,000 was obtained of the Northwestern University, secured by the Seminary property, and a sufficient amount of notes on other property to '' pay the Allen mortgage." This loan was payable in five years. January 26, 1857, the Executive Committee were requested to finish the new building during the next ensuing vacation. The same committee was au thorized to settle with D. A. Potter for work done and materials furnished on his contract made with the Trustees, August 8, 1855, " as they may deem just and proper." The following entry appears on the records of the Trustees, June, 1858 : Whereas, Prof. D. J. Pinckney is unwilling to be re-elected as Trustee of Rock River Sem inary; therefore. Resolved, By the Board of Trustees and Conference Visiting Committee, met in joint session, June 25, 1858, that we hereby tender to Prof. D. J. Pinckney this expression of our high regard and appreciation of him in all his former relations to us, and 'services rendered to us. Also, as a man of superior talents and scholarship, and as a most able educator. And we most sin cerely regret the necessity that has led to his official separation from us ; and we shall ever after be more than pleased to hail him as a brother in all the relations of life. June 25, 1858, an arrangement was made with Profs. Harlow and Pope to take the educational and boarding departments on their own responsibility, em ploying and paying their assistants, they to return the buildings at the end of the year, in good condition. June 23, 1859, the Executive Committee were authorized to " confer and negotiate with any stock company that may be formed, for the purpose of pur chasing and running the Seminary as a stock concern." On the same day, the contract with Messrs. Harlow and Pope was renewed for another year; June 27, 1860, W. T. Harlow, H. L. Martin and F. G. Petrie were ap pointed to prepare and report suitable resolutions on the death of Samuel M. Hitt, Esq., a Trustee of the Seminary. The next day they reported the fol lowing : Resolved, That we take unqualified pleasure in expressing thus our testimony of respect and affection to the memory of the deceased, viz. : that he was safe and efficient in counsel, courteous in bearing, generous and prompt in sharing the pecuniary burdens which the Board has, from time to time, been called upon to bear. Resolved, That while we remember with pleasure, the associations of the past, we feel deeply and mournfully the loss we have sustained in his death. June 28, 1860, the Board resolved to "let Profs. W. F. Harlow and W. S. Pope have the institution on the same terms for the coming year as they have had it in the past." June 28, 1865, Prof Harlow resigned as Principal, and Profs. John Will iamson and 0. F. Matteson were elected Associate Principals. 478 HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. October, 1867, Rev. J. M. Caldwell was elected Principal for one year, and he was re-elected in 1868, upon condition that he employ and pay his asso ciates. June 25, 1868, a communication was received from the Trustees of the Northwestern University, stating that they had resolved to " release all claims against the Rock River Seminary." June 23, 1869, the entire Faculty having resigned. Prof. Brush, of " Upper Iowa University," was elected Principal, " he to select his own assistants," but did not accept the position, and on the 22d of July, Rev. R. H. Wilkinson was elected, who served until June, 1870, when he resigned ; and on the 28th of September following, a contract was made with Rev. S. H. Adams to "run the Seminary according to the provisions of the charter, and to have all the revenues from the same," until said revenue reaches the sum of $4,000, with elaborate provisions for the disposition of any surplus that might accrue in ex cess of that amount. June 21, 1871, John Williamson and Sarah H. Stevenson were requested to assume control of the institution, but it does not appear that they complied. The school was suspended and no further meetings of the Board are recorded until May 7, 1873, when the following resolution was adopted : Resolved, That the Executive Committee be authorized to make, in connection with B. R. Hitt, such arrangements with Wm. Harrison or some other person or parties, as will " secure the opening of the school and running the same, without incurring expense or liability to the Trustees." At this meeting there were present F. G. Petrie, President ; M. T. Elling- wood, H. J. Farwell, W. H. Atchison, A. Newcomer and F. B. Brayton. September 16, 1873, .the Executive Committee reported that " they, together with R. R. Hitt, had secured the services of N. C. Dougherty, as Principal, together with a full and competent faculty, under whose management the school had been opened with the most satisfactory results," and recommended that they be elected and confirmed. Accordingly Prof. N. C. Dougherty was elected Principal ; R. Arthur Edwards, Professor of Latin and Greek ; Miss Lottie M. Smith, Preceptress ; Miss Maria Hitt, Teacher of Music. Prof. Dougherty was requested to write a brief history of the Seminary, and a sketch appeared in his first catalogue in 1874. Since that time the Institution has been under the charge and control of Prof. Dougherty, who has managed its affairs with skill and ability, and it is now (1878) in a prosperous condition. The present Board of Trustees are Hon. F. G. Petrie, President; Fred erick B. Brayton, Esq., Secretary; Hon. Robert R. Hitt, N. C. Dougherty, A. M. (ex officio), Andrew Newcomer, Esq., Rev. Richard Edwards, Rev. W. H. Tibbals, Rev. W. A. Burns, Gen. B. F. Sheets, Capt. John W. Hitt, Hon. Chas. Newcomer, Hon. Isaac Rice and Jackson Farwell. Faculty. — Newton C. Dougherty, A. M., Principal; Richard A. Edwards, A. B., Instructor in Latin and Geeek ; John H. Parr, Instructor in Natural Science and Mathematics ; Florence Farnsworth, Instructor in Reading and Grammar; Edward L. Wells, Instructor in the Science and Art of Teaching; Florence Brayton, Instructor in Instrumental Music ; Lillian D. Brayton, In structor in Penciling and Painting. In closing this brief history of this important institution, it is proper to record the names of some of the principal teachers employed during its long and useful existence. Among the Professors and Teachers may be mentioned HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. 479 Lyman Catlin, Joseph C. Parks, William H. L. Wallace, Samuel M. Fellows, James N. Martin, George L. Little, David A. Wheeler, W. S. Pope, Joseph Hale, S. C. Caldwell, F. A. McNeill, Silas Searle, J. N. Banks, Jabez Brooks. Preceptresses. — Cornelia N. Russell, Ruth R. Carr, Electa V. Mitchell, Almira M. Robertson, Eunice A. Hurd, Rosalie D. Blanchard, Sarah A. Steele, Mary E. Hoverland, Harriet Fowler, Carrie E. Mumford, Clarinda Olin, Mrs. M. C. Catlin. In connection with the Seminary several literary societies have been main tained among the students. In 1843, there were three societies for the improve ment of the students in composition and extemporaneous speaking, one of which had a small library. Periodicals were issued weekly by them, as also by the young ladies. In 1850, there were several of these societies. There were three manu script papers issued by them, each of which was issued semi-monthly. The year previous, in 1849, there were four of these papers. The principal of these societies were the " Amphictyon," organized by Prof. Pinckney during his first term in 1842, and the "Philorhotorian," organized, probably, about 1848. OLD SETTLERS. Oh ! a wonderful stream is the River Time, As it runs through the realm of tears. With a faultless rhythm, and a musical rhyme, And a broader sweep, and a surge sublime. As it blends in the ocean of years. -—B. F. Taylor. Forty-eight years have come and gone since white men began to exercise dominion in the Rock River Valley — erst the home of the Winnebagoes and their kindred. These years have been full of changes, and the visitor of to-day, ignorant of the past of the county, could scarcely be made to realize that within these years there has grown up a population of nearly thirty thousand in 1878, that, in all the accomplishments and acquirements of life, are as far advanced as are the people of the counties of the older States. Schools, churches, col leges, palatial-like dwellings, beautiful grounds, large, well-cultivated and pro ductive farms, as well as cities, towns and busy manufactories, have grown up and occupy the hunting grounds and camping places of the native tribe of red men, and in every direction there are evidences of wealth, comfort and luxury. There is but little left of the old landmarks. Advanced civilization and the progressive demands of revolving years have obliterated all traces of Indian occupancy, until they are only remembered in name. The beginning of these changes was made in 1830, when Isaac Chambers aud John Ankeny selected their claims at Buffalo Grove. Of the voters and heads of families representing a population of 3,479 in 1840, many removed from the county to find homes in other States, while the spirits of others were called to join the immortal throng gathered around the great white throne in the far-away realms of eternal life and light. Others preferred to remain in the homes they commenced in the lands of the Winne bagoes, and, by the goodness and mercy of God, have grown in wealth, wisdom and usefulness, until, in their declining years, they are respected and honored patriarchs in the community that owes much of its character to the influences they established in pioneer times. It is not strange that among the pioneer settlers of any new country a deep- seated and>^sincere friendship should spring up, that would grow and strengthen with their years. The incidents peculiar to life in a new country — the trials 480 HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. and hardships, privations and destitutions — are well calculated to test not only the physical powers of endurance, but the moral, kindly, generous attributes of manhood and womanhood. They are times that try men's souls and bring to the surface all that there may be in them of either good or bad. As a rule, there is an equality of conditions that recognizes no distinctions. All occupy a common level, and, as a natural consequence, a brotherly and sisterly feeling grows up that is as lasting as time, for "a fellow feeling makes us wondrous kind." With such a community, there is a hospitality, a kindness, a benev olence and a charity unknown and unpracticed among the older, richer and more densely populated commonwealths. The very nature of their surround ings teaches them to "feel each other's woe, to share each other's joy." An injury or a wrong may be ignored, but a kindly, generous, charitable act is never forgotten. The memory of old associations and kindly deeds is always fresh. Raven locks may bleach and whiten ; full, round cheeks sinken and hollow ; the fires of intelligence vanish from the organs of vision ; the brow become wrinkled with care and age, and the erect form bowed with accumu lating years, but the true friends of the "long ago" will be remembered as long as life and reason endure. The surroundings of pioneer life are well calculated to test the " true inwardness " of the human heart. As a rule, the men and women who first occupy a new country — who go in advance to spy out the land and prepare it for the coming of a future people — are bold, fearless, self-reliant and industrious. In these respects, no matter from what remote sections or countries they may come, there is a similarity of character. In birth, education, religion and lan guage, there may be a vast difference, but imbued with a common purpose — the founding and building of homes — these differences are soon lost by association, and thus they become one people, united by a common interest, and no matter what changes may come in after years, the associations thus formed are never buried out of memory. In pioneer life there are always incidents of peculiar interest, not only to the pioneers themselves, but which, if properly preserved, would be of interest to posterity, and it is a matter of regret that the formation of the " Old Settlers' Association " has not been continuously maintained in Ogle County. The presence of such associations in all the counties of our common country, with well kept records of the more important events, such as dates of arriv als, births, marriages, deaths, removals, nativity, etc., as any one can readily see, would be the direct means of preserving to the literature of the, country, the history of every community, that, to future generations, would be invaluable as a record of reference, and a ready method of settling important questions of controversy. Such organizations would possess facts and figures that could not be had from any other source. Aside from their historic importance, they would serve as a means of keeping alive and further cementing old. friendships, and renewing among the members associations that were necessarily interrupted by the innovations of increasing population, cultivating social intercourse, and creating a charitable fund for such of their old members as were victims of mis fortune and adversity. Actuated by the purposes suggested in the last preceding paragraph, the pioneers of Ogle County organized a society in 1869, that was known as the " Ogle County Old Settlers' Society." The first formal meeting was held in the town of Rockvale, at the house of Hiram Reed, February 10, 1869. John Phelps was elected Chairman, and James V. Gale, Secretary. James V. Gale presented the following constitution, which was adopted : HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. 481 The name of this Society shall be the Ogle -County " Old Settlers' Society." Its objects shall be to revive and establish the harmonious social relations once existing, and to perpetuate among themselves a remembrance of the trying and eventful scenes through which they passed in the early settlement of the county. Section 1. The Society shall consist of those who settled in the county up to the year 1841 inclusive, and shall pay to the Treasurer annually the sum of one dollar. Sec. 2. The officers of the Society shall consist of a President, one Vice President, Secre tary, a Treasurer, and an Executive Committee of flve persons, all of whom shall hold their posi tion for one year, or until their successors shall be elected. Seo. 3. The Recording Secretary shall keep the records of the Society, and conduct the cor respondence of the Society. Sec. 4. The Treasurer shall keep the funds of the Society, and disburse them on the written order of the President, or Chairman of the Executive Committee. Sec. 5. The Executive Committee shall take charge of all papers transmitted to the Society, designed for publication, or otherwise. They may also establish such by-laws, rules and regula tions as they may deem necessary for the government of the Society. Provided, the same do not conflict with the constitution. Sec. 6. There shall be an annual meeting of the old settlers of the county, at the County Seat, at such times as the Society many think proper. Sec. 7. The constitution may be amended by a vote of two-thirds present, at any annual meeting. After the adoption of the constitution, the following named gentlemen were elected to the various offices : President, John Phelps, of Rockvale ; Vice Pres ident, A. 0. Campbell, of Byron ; Secretary, James V. Gale, of Oregon ; Treasurer, William J. Mix, of Oregon ; Executive Committee, William P. Flagg, of Flagg ; Hiram Reed, of Rockvale ; Albert Brown, of Marion ; Virgil A. Bogue, of Buffalo, and Isaac Trask, of Pine Rock. On motion, it was declared that the first annual meeting of the old settlers be held in Oregon in May, 1869. The second meeting of the old settlers was held at the house of John Phelps, Esq., in the town of Rockvale, Tuesday, March 23, 1869. The. Reporter contained a sketch of the second meeting, as follows : Mr. Phelps was not apprised of the event, but he was one of that class of individu als who cannot be carried by storm or captured by surprise. Shortly after the arrival of the guests, a presentation of an elegant and finely wrought silver cup was presented to Mr. Phelps and a pair of gold spectacles to Mrs. Phelps. James V. Gale, of Oregon, made the presentation, and accompanied the same with an elegant and well-timed speech. Mr. Phelps responded briefly, review ing the past history of the county and the trials endured by the early pioneers. Supper was announced at short intervals from 9 till 12 ; the table fairly groaned under delicious burdens. Mr. Gale then read a short sketch concerning the manner in which Mr. Phelps made his claim. * * * rpj^g guests were thanked for their visit, and they retired in company with the "small hours," feeling that the ties of friendship had been strengthened and their hearts made fighter for having "auld acquaintance brought to mind." The first annual meeting of the association was held at the court house in Oregon, May 27, 1869. The meeting was called to order by the President, Mr. John Phelps, who delivered a welcome to the old settlers. He was followed by Mr. William Artz, of Oregon, who spoke at length. At the conclusion of the speaking, Mr. John James moved that, on account of the stormy weather, the festivities of the occasion be postponed until some future time, and that the Executive Committee be empowered to call another meeting at such time as they might think best. On motion, all those who came into the county prior to 1842 were invited to sign the constitution, when the following gentlemen recorded their names, giving, also, the year in which they immigrated to the county, their place of nativity and their ages. , 482 HISTORY OF OGLB COUNTY. The roll presents the following names : TEAR. NAMES. PLACE OF BIRTH. aob. 1834. *John Phelps Bedford County, Va 72 1835. James V. Gale Concord, N. H 62 1836. A. 0. Campbell Bradford County, Pa 1885. *Hiram Bead Cornish, N. H 1835. *William Carpenter Massachusetts 1834. *John Russell Ohio 77 1835. J. W. Jenkins Ohio 1835. *Lewis Williams Ohio 1839. Augustus Austin Canada 1836. Phineas Cheney Virginia 54 1838. A. I. Allen Lancaster County, Pa 54 1837. F. A. Smith , Massachusetts 52 1837. Clinton Helm '. New York '. 40 1838. F. G. Petrie Canada 50. 1836. *Robert Davis Virginia 68 1839. William Ariz Maryland 5g. 1837. William J. Fletcher Maryland 48 1834. B. Y. Phelps Bedford County, Va 59 1834. G. W. Phelps Wilson County, Tenn 57 1841. S. T. Betebenner Maryland 63 1840. Joshua Thomas Maryland 58 1837. Benjamin Boyce New York 72 1841. Andrew Schecter Maryland 49 1838. *Jacob Deitrich Maryland 77 1838. John Sharp Ogle County 31 1836. John V. Gale Concord, N. H 55 1841. John James Connecticut 64 The next reunion was held October 12, 1869, at the fair grounds. We are unable to state any of the proceedings of that meeting or any that have been held since the above date, owing to the fact that the records have not been pre served, or, if preserved, were not rendered accessible to the writer. A large majority of the above-named pioneers came here before 1840, and saw the wild prairies disappearing year by year before the well-directed indus tries of themselves and their followers. Nearly all of those whose names appear in this catalogue are well preserved intellectually and physically, and surrounded by all the necessary comforts of life, and in their declining years are enabled to take life easily — to sit beneath their own vines and fig trees and enjoy the accumulations of the industry and economy of their pioneer days. SWAMP LANDS. An act of Congress, approved September 28, 1850, and an amendatory act, approved March 2, 1865 [see Vol. 10 U. S. Statutes at Large], entitled " An act to enable the State of Arkansas to reclaim the swamp lands within its limits," applied also to certain lands in the State of Hlinois. That act vir tually, and to all intents and purposes, vested the title to these lands in the several States in which they were located. Provisions were also made for the appointment of State agents to examine the country in which the swamp lands were situated, and report thereon to the Commissioner of the General Land Office, at Washington City. Lender these provisions, certain lands in different parts of Illinois were condemned or reported as swamp lands, within the mean ing of the acts of Congress already quoted. An act of the Legislature, approved June 22, 1852, declared, in Section 1, that all the swamp and overflowed lands so granted to the State of Illinois " be, and the same are; hereby granted to the counties respectively in which the same HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. 483 may lie or be situated," etc. The lands in Ogle (as in all other counties) were surveyed and found to cover 4,848.62 acres, of which 3,928.94 acres had been purchased at the district land oflice, leaving 919.68 acres unpurchased and as belonging to the county, which were subsequently sold, the largest part of them being purchased by Henry A. Mix. In September, 1857, the Board of Supervisors being in session, and having the management and disposition of the funds arising from the sale of the swamp lands under consideration, it was resolved that the funds arising from the sale of the swamp lands of the School Commissioners of the county be loaned' as other school funds, and that the interest on the same be distributed by the School Commissioners among the several towns in the same manner that other school funds are distributed ; and it is further resolved that the Drainage Com missioner is hereby directed to pay over to the School Commissioner of the county all moneys which are now or may hereafter be in his hands arising from the sale of swamp lands as aforesaid, and take his receipt for the same, to be filed with the Clerk of this Board. The net amount derived from the sale of the swamp lands in Ogle County was $2,000, which was placed in the hands of the School Commissioner, as pro vided in the above resolutions. It was a wise provision of the Board, and aux- ihary to those other measures that placed the educational interests of the county a little in advance of the other counties of the State, and secured for the schools a national reputation, as evidenced in the award of the diploma and bronze medal at the Centennial Exhibition. RIVER IMPROVEMENT. For many years the improvement of Rock River, so as to render it naviga ble, was an enterprise that enlisted a good deal of attention from the people, not only of Winnebago, but of all the counties along the banks of this beautiful tributary of the Mississippi. In Winnebago County a river improvement fever would break out every once in a while, and spread its contagion through Ogle ; meetings would be called, resolutions adopted, committees appointed, petitions drafted, signed and forwarded to Congress, and great plans inaugurated for this purpose. And indeed, it seems almost a pity that after so much time, money and labor spent in this direction, the efforts were not rewarded as the people hoped. But then, there is this consolation : what they failed to accomplish by these efforts and expenditures was at length compensated by damming the river, building up large manufacturing establishments, and securing railway commu nication with every part of the country. Failing to obtain assistance from the national government to aid in the im provement of Rock River, the Legislature of Illinois was invoked, and a spe cial law passed by that body, about 1845-6, to enable the people of the several counties along the river, from Rock Island to the Wisconsin State line, to vote for or against the assessment of a river improvement tax. The measure car ried in all the counties, a tax was assessed and collected and the work com menced. These undertakings were probably as much inspired by the appearance of a steamboat in Kock Biver once in a while as by anything else. The steamer Gj/jisj/ made a trip up the river in April, 1838; and the memory of that event was revived in July, 1844, by the "pufBng" and "snorting" of the Lighter, that ascended the river as far as Janes- ™e. Wis She made two or three trips, mostly as a " freighter." In those days there was a greater volume of water in Rock Kiver than at present, and the people bad more to encourage river improvement schemes than in later years, when the volume of water began to grow perceptibly less. 484 HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. The records of the Board of County Commissioners, of June 5, 1846 show the following entry: W. W. Fuller, Esq., Treasurer of the " Board of Commissioners for the Improvement of tlie Navigation of Rock River," appeared, and filed his bond as such Treasurer. September 2d, of the same year, Spooner Ruggles resigned his position as a member of the same Board, and was superseded by Silas St. John Mix, of Byron, who was afterward made Superintendent of active operations for the river's improvement near its mouth. At Rockford, a part of the money collected was expended, in 1846, in attempting to cut a channel through the rapids, where the dam has since been built. Work was also commenced at Sterling, and other points, but was finally abandoned. What money remained on hand was paid back pro rata to the counties from which it had been collected, and public attention generally turned to railroad enterprises. Now the river is dam'd from Milan, near its conflu ence with the Mississippi, far up into Wisconsin. CARE OF THE COUNTY POOR. Ever since the organization of the county, the unfortunate, the infirm and the poor have been generously and humanely provided for by the county authorities. Under the management and direction of the County Commission ers, the care and sustenance of the unfortunate was secured under contract to the lowest responsible bidder. When the management of county affairs passed under the supervision of a Board of Supervisors, they became agents for the care of the poor of their respective townships, with full power to provide for their wants, supply them with all needed necessaries, etc., the accounts for which were submitted to the full board at stated periods, duly audited and ordered to be paid out of the proper funds. From time to time, propositions were submitted to the voters for the pur chase of a poor farm and the erection of necessary buildings, etc., but were always defeated until November, 1877. At that election, the proposition pre vailed by a majority of 654 votes, and the Board of Supervisors proceeded to purchase of Henry A. Mix a tract of fifty acres of land, one and one-half miles below Oregon City, for the sum of $3,300. To provide for the payment of this purchase money and the erection of buildings, the Board of Supervisors, at their February session, 1878, directed an issue of county bonds to the amount of $13,300, payable in two, four and six years from the 1st day of May, 1878, bearing interest at the rate of seven per cent, per annum. To meet the payment of the principal and interest on these bonds, the following drafts will be made on the county treasury : May 1, 1880, $4,606.68 ; May 1, 1882, $5,166.68 ; May 1, 1884, $7,587.83. Total cost of county farm and infirmary, $17,361.19. Of this amount, $4,061.91 is interest. The reader and other interested parties should bear in mind that these figures do not include the cost of furnishing the buildings, stocking the farm or numerous other expenses that must be provided for before the farm will be ready for occupancy. It should be borne in mind, also, that the assessed valu ation ofthe taxable property of the county is $18,633,943, and that a tax levy of 7.15 cents on each one hundred dollars would have raised the required amount of $13,300 in one year, thus saving to the taxpayers $4,061.19 that will go into the pockets of the " bondholders." The committee on selection of lands suitable for poor farm were Messrs. C. W. Sammis, W. T. Curry, James D. White, W. J. Braiden, John W. Hitt and HISTORY OF OSLE COUNTY. 485 D. H. Talbott. This committee reported in favor of the Mix place February 26, 1878. On a motion to adopt the report, the ayes and nays were called. Those voting in the affirmative were Messrs. Bertolet, Bowman, Braiden, Brown, Burch, Clark, Curry, Donaldson, Fearer, Mitchell, Newcomer, Perrine, Rolph, Sammis, Stanberg, Talbott, Trask, White, of Scott, White, of Dement, and l^right — 20. Those who voted in the negative were Messrs. Bailey, Good and Young — 3. The report was adopted, and on the 18th day of March, 1878, the contract for the erection of -the County Infirmary buildings was awarded to Thomas and Hugh Colwell, of Ottawa, at $9,800, the buildings to be completed by the 1st of September, 1878. 486 HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. OREGON CITY. To Mr. John Phelps, who died on Thursday, the 2d day of April, A. D. 1874, belongs the honor of founding Oregon City. He first visited the Rock River Valley in the Fall of 1829, and returned in the Fall of 1833, and located a claim on the land that, a few years later, was subdivided into town lots bv himself and others and christened Oregon City. In a written sketch read before a meeting of Old Settlers, in 1870, Mr. Phelps submitted a history of his first and second visits to this country, from which the following extracts are collected : " In the Fall of 1829, I first traveled through the Rock River Valley. Leaving Gratiot's Grove, in the lead mines, I took a southeasterly course and passed not far from where Freeport now stands ; continued down the prairie and passed about one or two miles east of Buffalo Grove ; came to the Galena trail about half way from the Grove to Ogee's Ferry, where Dixon now stands. I arrived there about sunset, stayed that night with the Indians, and was treated by them with much kindness. This was my first view of the Rock River Val ley. I did not at that time have the least idea of settling in this part of the world, yet these beautiful undulating and rich prairies left an impression on my memory that no'time could erase. " In the Summer of 1833, I again visited the lead mines, and during that Fall I came to the conclusion to explore the Rock River country, with the determination that if it pleased me as well as I thought it would, I would make a permanent location for my future home. With this object in view, I hired a Frenchman, who had been a clerk for a fur company in the Kocky Mountains, to accompany me, knowing that he was well suited for such an ex pedition, as he was acquainted with the Indian character, and a pleasant travel ing companion. About the 1st of November, 1833, we set out from the lead Mines to descend the Pecatonica River, in a. small canoe, supposing we would reach Rock River by that course of travel. In consequence of the meanderings of the Pecatonica and the time we devoted to an examination of the country through which we were passing, we were seven days in reaching Rock River, at Rockton. * * * When we arrived about one mile above the pres ent site of Oregon City, we discovered a tent on the bank of the River, a short distance back from the water's edge, and, supposing it to be an Indian tepee or wigwam, I told my companion du voyage to go up to it and see if we could get something to eat. He replied that it was a white man's tent, and upon going up to it I found that my companion's declaration was correct, and was much surprised to meet there my old friend Col. W. S. Hamilton, the son of Alexan der Hamilton, who was killed in a duel with Aaron Burr. (Col. Hamilton sub sequently went to California, probably about 1849-50, where he died some years later.) I had not seen him for five years. He seemed surprised to meet me, and asked me what brought me here. I told him I was out exploring, and if I liked the country, I intended to make a location for my permanent home. He replied that if that was my object I need not travel farther, that I was on the right spot. He informed me that he had a Government contract to survey the Rock River country into townships, and that he knew of a location about three miles west of where we were that could not be surpassed in point of beauty, embracing all the advantages that were necessary to, make a comfortable and convenient home. He then gave me a note, with directions where to find it. I made my first claim -where my present house now stands, according to Col. HISTORY OP OGLE COUNTY. 487 Hamilton's directions. Before leaving, he had our dinner prepared, and gave us bread and bacon enough to last us a week. " Being now supplied with one week's provisions, there was nothing to hinder our making a thorough examination of the surrounding country, on both sides of the river; and being fully satisfied that it was susceptible of a good settle ment, and that a good crossing at the river could be made, I made my next claim where Oregon now stands. We spent a week here. Our camp was just above the fair grounds. Having accomplished our desires, the weather becom ing cold and our provisions short, we packed up and steered our course for the lead mines, leaving our canoe and such articles as we could not take with us. We spent part of the first day in hunting in West Grove. During that night, it commenced snowing. We started on our course next morning ; struck White Oak Grove, a little west of Forreston ; from that grove we bore north west, until we reached Cherry Grove (now in Carroll County), a distance of twenty-five miles. It was severely cold, and in crossing streams our clothing would get wet and freeze on us, and we suffered severely. The next day, we reached White Oak Springs, worn out with fatigue. "Thus ended my first exploring expedition in the valley of Rock River. In the Summer of 1834, I raised a crop and built a house on the farm on which I now live, and in the Spring of 1835, 1 moved my family into the same, from Schuyler County." When Mr. John Phelps moved his family up from Schuyler County, in the Spring of 1835, he was accompanied by two brothers, B. T. Phelps and G. W. Phelps, and a hired man named Johnston. In the Summer of that year, Fletcher Hitt, a surveyor, was employed to subdivide the land embraced in Phelps' second claim into town lots, and the prospective town was christened Oregon City. The town site was regularly laid out in 1836. The first house erected on the town plat was built by Jonathan W. Jenkins, in July or August, 1836. The site of that house is now included in the lot occupied by the Reporter printing office buildings. It was a log structure, 18x22 feet, and about one and a half stories high. It was used as a family dwelling, hotel, boarding house, "meeting house," etc., as occasion required. The first sermon ever preached in Oregon City was preached in that building ; the preacher was John Baker, a so-called "Hard Shell Baptist," and one , of two brothers who came up from Schuyler County about the same time Mr. Phelps brought his family. Time of the sermon, during the Summer of 1837. There were neither lumber nor saw-mills in all this region of country when Jenkins built the first house in Oregon City. The floors were made of puncheons split out of large trees. The under side of the puncheons were dressed down at the ends, so they would rest evenly on the sleepers. The upper sides were also dressed off tvith the broad-axe. If the floor was not smooth, it was at least substantial. The roofing was made of clapboards or "shakes," and the doors were made from the same kind of material used for flooring. Strong arms, chopping axes, broad axes, cross-cut saws, hand saws, mauls, iron wedges, "gluts," or large wooden wedges, and a hammer or wooden mallet were about all the tools used by the pioneers in the erection of the first cabins in the Rock River Valley, and with such tools the first cabin erected in Oregon City was fashioned and finished. The second house was commenced by John Phelps in the Summer of 1836, and finished that Fall. It was a double log house of two stories, built of hewed logs, and, in its " day and generation," was famous throughout the Rock River 488 HISTORY OF OGLB COUNTY. Valley. Its finish was a little more elaborate than the Jenkins cabin, from the fact that the Phelps saw-mill on Pine Creek, which had been commenced in the Spring of 1836, had been completed and was in operation, which furnished lumber for the floors, doors, etc. That house was built on the corner lot of the block now occupied by the cheese factory of George A. Mix. The old house was torn down about 1845 or 1846, and moved away by the party to whom its logs had been sold. John Harris commenced and completed another house on the ground now owned by Edward F. Dutcher, about the time Phelps commenced building. When a better class of buildings bega,n to be erected, the Harris house was torn down, the logs hauled away and re-erected on a farm a short distance below town. As soon as Harris had completed this house, being a blacksmith, he erected a shop near by, which long since gave way, and its place is also included in the grounds of Major Dutcher. The first frame barn in Oregon was built by Mr. Phelps in 1838. It was erected on the west side of Third street, a short distance north of the double log house just mentioned. In 1835, Mr. Phelps also established the first ferry at Oregon City. The lumber used in the construction of the ferry-boat was sawed out by hand with a whip saw, by himself and his brother, George W. Phelps. After the boat was cornpleted and ready for use, it was managed for some time by Jonathan W. Jenkins. The first trading place was opened by Messrs. Mudd & Brown in 1836. They kept' a small stock of groceries, whisky, eatables, etc., in a small building which they erected very near, if not included in, the grounds now occupied by the stone residence of Henry Burchell. The first dry goods store was opened in 1836, by Harvey Moss, in a small frame building not far from the site occupied by the Mix cheese factory. The building was afterward removed and now stands on Third street, a little; south of Washington, and is occupied as a harness shop by Samuel Roat. The early schools of Oregon were subscription schools, the first of which was taught in the Winter of 1837—8, in a small building on the Jenkins lot (before mentioned as the site of the first house built on the town plat), by Dr. Adams, a young disciple of Esculapius. In the Summer and Fall of 1839, the first school house was built, and occu pied a site on the west side of Fifth street, between Washington and Jefferson streets. The building was long since abandoned as a school house, and is now included in the residence building of Jonas Seyster. Alfred Marks was the first teacher in the new school house. In 1836, Edward S. Leland, now Judge Leland, of Ottawa, came to Oregon, and hung out his "shingle" as "Attorney and Counselor at Law." To the best knowledge and belief of the " oldest inhabitant," Mr. Leland was the first "lawyer " to claim Oregon as a field for the practice of his profession. The first physician to prescribe cures for the ills of the people of Oregon and vicinity was Dr. William J. Mix, who commenced compounding medicines in 1836. The first white male child born in Oregon was Lamoil T. Jenkins, son of Jonathan W. and Rebecca Jenkins, who was born in July, 1837. Lamoil died in California in 1865, from the effects of a pistol shot wound received in Mon tana soon after the assassination of Abraham Lincoln, the trouble growing out of a difference of political opinion between himself and others by whom he was surrounded. HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. 489 The first female child born in what is now Oregon Township was Martha E. Mix (daughter of William J. Mix), who was born on the 28th day of November, 1836. When Martha grew to womanhood, she was given in marriage to G . M. McKinney, and is now his widow. She has always lived in the county, and now lives within three or four rods of the site occupied by the cabin in which her eyes first saw the light of day. The first death occurred in the family of George Rosecrans, July 13, 1837, when his youngest child, aged one year, three months and three days, was beckoned away to the presence of Him who said, " Suffer little children to come unto Me, and forbid them not, for of such is the kingdom of heaven." The first adult death occurred in 1888 — Miss Mary Ann Fuller, a niece of Mrs. James V. Gale, who died in August of that year. The post office was established early in 1837, with Harvey Moss as Post master. The mail was supplied once a week (Saturday) from Buffalo, on the Galena and Dixon mail route. Jackson Jenkins, now of Shelby County (111.), then a boy of twelve or thirteen years, was the mail carrier. Such were some of the first events in the history of Oregon City, now a town of 2,000 inhabitants, with four handsome church edifices, an excellent union school building, many handsome and elegant residences, broad streets and avenues, handsomely shaded grounds, and numerous stores, shops and manufacturing establishments, railroads, telegraph offices, etc., etc. The people are refined, intelligent, sociable and hospitable, and, as they have reason to be, proud of their homes and their surroundings. February 19, 1847, the population of Oregon City was only 225, including men, women and children, as follows : Heads of Families. No. Saul Petersen 4 John Keefers 3 Samuel Roat James V. Gale John Wilkinson 10 7 6 John Copper C. Williamson P. R. Bennett H. A. Mix 6 6 5 6 John Hinkle 2 Jno. Culbertson Harry Roberts 2 5 N. J. Stroh 10 Wm. Moore 8 A. Morton 3 I. S. Wooley 7 Heads of Families. No. Mix's OfBce 2 T. Potwin 3 R. Phelps 7 E. Bond 7 ('. Lehman 6 Wm. Russell 6 M. C HiU 4 J. Schneider 5 Widow Forbush 5 A. Lacey 9 Allen Malkios 7 Jas. Harpham 6 Jno. Smith 4 Jno. Beard 5 Jno. Chaney 1 Heads of Families. No. E. J. Potter 8 B. Phelps 6 S. N. Sampsell 5 E. J. Reiman 5 Allen Foot 3 C. B. Artz 3 S. B. Lighthizer 4 Samuel Chany 3 R. Davis 6 C. F. Emerson 2 M. T. Crowell 7 Schoolmaster 1 Jno. Russell 1 Total -225 City Organization. — The City of Oregon first organized under an act of the General Assembly of the State of Illinois, entitled " An Act to incorporate the City of Oregon" (approved April 1st, 1869), by an election held on the 21st day of March, 1870. Hon. James V. Gale was chosen Mayor, and Christian Lehman, W. W. Ben nett, George M. Dwight and George P. Jacobs were elected as Aldermen. The first meeting of the Council was held under a call of Mayor Gale on the even ing ofthe 10th of May, 1870. The Council was called to order by the Mayor, after which, on motion, the Aldermen proceeded to draw for terms, as provided in the charter, with the following result : 490 HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. First Ward — Long term — George M. Dwight. Short term — George P. Jacobs. Second Ward — Long term — W. W. Bennett. Short term — Christian Lehman. The organization being fully perfected, Mayor Gale submitted his inaugural address, wliich was ordered to be spread upon the Council's journal of proceed ings, and, being the first and last address (to date) of an Oregon City Mayor, we transcribe it to these pages : " Gentlemen of the City Council : "According to the provisions of Sec. 3 of Art. 4 of the City Charter, it becomes my duty as Mayor of the City of Oregon, to make to you such sug gestions and recommendations as seem to me calculated to promote the pros perity of our new city. " Your first duty will be to ordain and publish such ordinances and regula tions as are contemplated by the charter, and as will secure for us a simple, economical city government. " The legislative powers of your body are somewhat extensive and cover a variety of subjects, but they need not all be exercised immediately. " It would seem to be the part of wisdom not to proceed too rashly, but only to adopt such ordinances as seem absolutely indispensable to the carrying on of the city government, and in this way, time and experience will indicate to you more clearly what further legislation is needed ; and you will be better able to adapt it to our necessities and wants. " The power of taxation is limited by the charter to one-half of one per cent., but it is not expected by our citizens that this provision should be construed to mean that this amount shall be levied, nor that it shall be regarded the mini mum as well as the maximum. " The aggregate of taxation which our citizens are compelled to pay has become a serious burden, and it behooves us, the representatives of this new city government, not to exercise it unnecessarily. Let us set the example to those who may come after us, of having accomplished something substantial, without having resorted to burdensome taxation. " I would recommend, in order to do away with all jealousy, that whatever money is raised for the improvement of the city, should be expended equally in each ward, as far as practicable. " It is also necessary, among your first acts, to establish a grade of our streets, so that those who are about erecting buildings can conform to it. "It is understood, and is the fact, that the charter absolutely prohibits the sale of rum, gin, brandy, wine, whisky, or spirituous or mixed liquors, within the city limits, in less quantities than five gallons, except for mechanical or medicinal purposes ; so that the City Council has been left no power to deal with the licensing for the retail of such liquors as a beverage. " The charter seems to contemplate that licensing shall be granted for the sale of ale and beer. You, gentlemen, are to fix the amount of the same, to such persons as you think proper. " A city like Oregon, whose attractive site was the admiration of the earli est settlers of the country, and for which nature has done so much for the encouragement of human enterprise — a city nestled in the midst of a most beautiful landscape, with the results of successful agriculture on every side, and one of the most beautiful rivers of the earth generously offering to become the strong right arm of her prosperity and power — can ask for nothing more save HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY^. 491 energy, enterprise and unity on the part of her citizens. With these, her future history must be all that the most ambitious among us can desire. " It will be my pleasure, as well as duty, to co-operate with you in putting into operation a good city government, and making it in all respects promotive of the interests and prosperity of the citizens. " From time to time, as experience and observation may become necessary, I may make such further or other suggestions and recommendations as may be deemed proper and beneficial. JAMES V. GALE." After the reading of this address, the Council proceeded to the considera tion of further business, and On motion of Alderman Bennett, a committee of three was appointed by the Mayor, on sidewalks, viz.. Aldermen Bennett, Jacobs and Lehman. On motion of Alderman Jacobs, a committee of three was appointed on grades. The Mayor appointed Aldermen Lehman, Dwight and Jacobs said committee. On motion of Alderman Dwight, the regular meeting of the Council was fixed for the first Tuesday of each month. John Rutledge was the first Clerk of the City Council, and continued to fill the position for five years. The city was re-organized on the 29th of March, 1873, under an act of the General Assembly, entitled, "An act to provide for the incorporation of cities and villages," approved April 10, 1872, which organization continues in force. A fiill and complete list of city officers, from the date of its organization to the date of this writing (April 5, 1878), compiled from the official records, is here with submitted : Mayors, — 1S70, James V. Gale; 1872, George W. Phelps; 1873, James H. Cartwright; 1875, Alonzo L. Ettinger; 1877, James H. Cartwright. Aldermen. — First Ward: 1870, George P. Jacobs; 1870, George M. Dwight; 1871, John Matmiller; 1872, C. H. Horwell; 1873, John Mat- miller; 1873, Henry A. Mix. Second Ward: 1870, Christian Lehman; 1870, Wilham W. Bennett; 1871, George W. Reiman; 1873, George M. Howell ; 1873, William H. Guilford ; 1874, Jonas Seyster ; 1875, John W. Mack ; 1876, Charles T. Marsh ; 1877, L. N. Page. Third Ward : 1873, Joseph E. Hitt ; 1873, Frederick Jones ; 1874, Frederick Jones ; 1874, John T. Gantz; 1875, Frederick Jones; 1876, John T. Gantz; 1877, Jonas Seyster. Police Magistrates. — 1870, Hiram L. Currier; 1870, William R. Buser ; 1874, Hiram L. Currier. City Clerk. — 1810, John Rutledge; 1871. John Rutledge; 1872, John Rutledge ; 1873, John Rutledge ; 1874, John Rutledge ; 1875, F. R. Artz ; 1876, F. R. Artz ; 1877, F. R. Artz. City Attorneys.— 1810, E. F. Dutcher; 1872, John H. Cartwright; 1873, E. F. Dutcher; 1874, John R. Leslie; 1875, John R. Leslie; 1876, John R. Leslie ; 1877, H. P. Lason. City Treasurers.— 1810, Michael Nohe; 1871, Michael Nohe; 1872, Michael Nohe ; 1873, Michael Nohe ; 1874, Alonzo Ettinger ; 1875, Chris tian Lehman ; 1876, Christian Lehman. RELIGIOUS INTERESTS. Lutheran Chureh. — The first church organization was effected on the 16th of March, A. D. 1848, by an assembly of the Lutherans then worshiping in the "Phelps School House." 492 HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. Rev. N. J. Stroh was called to the Chair, and Charles M. Haller was chosen Secretary. A constitution was adopted, and the church organized, under the name of " Evangelical Lutheran Congregation of Oregon," with Daniel Etnyre, Charles M. Haller, Ernest J. Rieman, Samuel B. Haines, Nathaniel Swingley and Philip Sprecher, Trustees of the Corporation. The congregation worshiped in the Court House, until the present church building was erected, the corner stone of which was laid April 27, A. D. 1850 (which was the first church edifice erected in the city). At the laying of the corner stone, a discourse was delivered in the Court House to the assembled congregation by Rev. C. B. Thummel, of Sugar Grove, Lee County, 111., from the text, Isaiah xxviii, 16, " Behold I lay in Zion for a foundation a stone, a precious corner-stone, a sure foundation : he that believeth shall not make haste." Under the auspices of a society of ladies, called the " Ladies' Philanthropic Sewing Society of Oregon," a bell was purchased and placed in charge of the Trustees of this church, in trust, for the benefit of the congregation, and to be used on all suitable public occasions ; and to this day, from its little belfry in the public square, it rings out its merry peals, calling both saint and sinner to duty. The Lutheran Church of Oregon became a home for all worshiping Chris tians, of different denominations who had settled in the place, until A. D. 1858, when the M. E. Church dedicated a building and formed a class by themselves. It continued to be the leading congregation of the city, until A. D. 1873, when the Presbyterian element in the church branched off and built the elegant church building which they now occupy. In 1874, the congregation enlarged and improved their church building, at an expense of fourteen hundred dollars; and, in 1875, supplied it with the first pipe organ ever set up in Ogle County, the cost of which was fifteen hundred dollars. There are at the present time seven congregations of Lutherans in Ogle County, viz. : The Church at Payne's Point, at Oregon, at Mt. Morris, at Polo, at Brookville, at Forreston, and at Adeline. The Lutheran Church Synod records show it to be the third in membership in the United States, the Baptist and Methodist Episcopal only exceeding it. Thus showing its importance among the evangelical churches of the country. Superintendent of Sabbath School, Rev. B. F. Hill; Assistant Superinten dent, Samuel B. Wadsworth. Number of scholars, 80. Methodist Episcopal Church. — In 1835, the Blinois Conference sent Rev. James McKean to what was called the Buffalo Grove Circuit, of the Galena District, with his residence at Buffalo Grove, near what is now Polo. He roamed almost at will, making a four weeks' circuit from beyond Rochelle, on the east, to the Mississippi River, on the west, and from the mouth of the Kish waukee, on the north, to Prophetstown, on the south. There was a preaching appointment for nearly each week day and two for each Sunday. On the same territory there are now twenty-two pastoral charges. Oregon was made one of those appointments. Following Mr. McKean, Revs. R. Delap, Barton Cartwright, George Pool and G. G. Worthington successively traveled the Buffalo Grove circuit and ministered in Oregon. Mr. Cartwright still remains in the ministerial work, and has achieved a favorable notoriety. During these earlier years, Revs. Hitt and Irvine, local preachers, also filled appointments in Oregon and ren dered such valuable assistance to Methodism as to merit this special mention. On the 1st of December, 1839, Mr. Worthington organized a Methodist " Class," of eleven persons. Of these, two were men, Robert Davis and Isaac k. 1 ' ^' %. > OREGON HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. 495 S. Woolley. These gentlemen served the class as leaders at different times, and by their zealous and self-sacrificing labors did much toward establishing Meth odism in Oregon. From this time till 1852 was an appointment of different named circuits, as the territory of the old Buffalo Grove Circuit became divided into new circuits. The ministers who successively officiated during that period were Revs. A. McMurtry, L. S. Walker, N. Jewett, G. L. S. Stuff, William Palmer, C. N. Wager, and others whose names are not reported. In 1852, Oregon was made the head of an Oregon Circuit, having four appointments, and so continued till 1869. During this period, the ministers who successively served the circuit were Revs. J. C. Stoughton, D. L. Winslow, — Thayer, A. Cross, H. L. Martin, J. H. Hartman, Prof Harlow, Jas. Mar tin, J. Wardle, W. H. Haight, J. Penfield, G. R. Vanhorn, A. P. Hatch and George S. Young. Mr. Stoughton was a peculiarly gifted and earnest temper ance worker, and his pastorate was signalized by a temperance reformation. Prior to 1857, the services were held in private houses, the school house and the court house. In 1857, A. Cross began, and in 1858, H. L. Martin finished, the enterprise of building a neat brick church, at a cost of $3,000. In 1868-9, during the administration of A. P. Hatch, the society erected a comfortable parsonage, at a cost of $2,800. The parsonage is still used as a pastoral residence. In 1869, Oregon became a " Station," demanding the entire service of a pastor. Since then the pastors have been, successively. Revs. J. Borbidge, -J. H. Ailing, G. W. Carr, and the present pastor, Isaac E. Springer. Oregon is now a charge in the Dixon District (of which Rev. I. Linebarger is the efficient Presiding Elder), of the Rock River Annual Conference. Gracious revivals have followed the labors of most of the pastors. Among the most noticeable were those during the administrations of Revs. A. Cross, G. R. Vanhorn, J. H. Ailing, G. W. Carr and Isaac E. Springer. Mr. Van horn greatly endeared himself to the community by his genialty and earnestness. Mr. Ailing closed his pastorate with a reported net increase of sixty-eight in membership. The pastorate of Rev. G. W. Carr was of especial value to Methodism in Oregon. During the three years of his labors, there was a net increase in the membership, as reported, of 101. The congregations became too large for the old church, and the society began and completed, under the very energetic and prudent management of Mr. Carr, the beautiful and commodious edifice in which the society now worship, at an outlay of $1 5,000. The present officiary of the church is as follows : Pastor, Rev. Isaac E. Springer ; Local Preachers, Revs. E. Wadsworth and A. S. Babcock ; Class Leaders, F. G. Petrie and B. Stevens ; Stewards, F. G. Petrie, A. L. Ettinger, T. Welty, C. Marsh, J. A. Barden, J. Matmiller and R. Donovan ; Trustees, F. G. Petrie, B. F. Sheets, E. P. Piersol, A. L. Ettinger, A. Woodcock, F. H. Marsh, A. S. Babcock, J. W. Mack and W. Osborn. Rev. E. Wadsworth has been a faithful, zealous and useful local preacher. Since 1845 he has preached in the vicinity of Oregon nearly every Sabbath. By his earnest labors, large liberality and wise counsels, he has rendered great service to Methodism around Oregon, and has won an enviable share in the esteem of all. Hon. F. G. Petrie has rendered invaluable service to Methodism in Oregon. He has been class leader since 1859. His home has been ever open with most hospitable welcome to the preachers. His irreproachable record, hearty support 496 HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. of every reformatory and humanitarian project, deep interest in whatever per tains to spiritual welfare, and generous contributions to every religious and benevolent cause, have given him a commanding position in the society and community. Col. B. F. Sheets is the Sunday school man of Northwest Illinois. He was elected Superintendent of the Oregon M. B. Sunday School in 1862, in which office he has remained ever since. His tact, patience, industry and personal worth have enabled him to build up the Sunday school in numbers and influence till it has become noted as one of the best schools in the district. To serve the best interests of the school. Col. Sheets has spared neither pains nor personal means within reasonable possibility. Aside from his labors in the Sunday school, he has been notable in sustaining with heart, voice, personal labors and open purse, every department of the church's interests. His prominence in church and community is the result of demonstrated ability, tried integrity and a marked, though unostentatious, liberality. Other members of the officiary are also worthy of praise for their devotion to the interests of the church, and have been less prominent in the history of Methodism in Oregon, only because their membership has been much briefer than the above named. At the present writing there are 267 members and probationers. There have been 77 persons received into the society by the present pastor. The Sun day school has 7 officers, 18 teachers, and 225 scholars. The average attend ance is 185. The annual contributions of the society for its own and other church interests are over $2,000. It has an active, working membership, and makes itself a felt power for good in and around Oregon. May the light of its prosperity, like that of the just, shine brighter and brighter unto the perfect day. Presbyterian Church. — The following historical summary of the First Pres byterian Church of Oregon is gleaned from a sermon read before that society by Rev. George W. Crofts, July 2, 1876 : In the growth of Oregon there had been quite an accumulation of what may be termed Presbyterian element. Quite a number of Presbyterian and Congregational families had from time to time moved into the place. The most of them had identified themselves with other religious interests, yet they began to feel a desire for a society of their own, one to whose polity, forms and doctrines they had been accustomed, one in which they could put forth all their powers for good and salvation of man, and for the extension of the Redeemer's kingdom. They felt that they had numbers and means sufficient for the successful prosecution of individual church work, for the building of a suitable house of worship, and for maintaining a stated ministry. To this end there was a meeting of the citizens of Oregon called on the 16th of February, 1873, at the office of E. L. Wells, County Superintendent, for the purpose of organizing a religious society, and, on the motion of Mrs. Mary J. Mix, the society was called the First Presbyterian Church of Oregon. At that meeting the following named persons were elected permanent officers for one year, viz.: G. W. Hill, Chairman; E. L. Wells, Secretary; and J. H. Allen, Treasurer (Mr. Allen held the office of Treasurer until May 31, 1875, when he resigned, and T. A. Jewett was elected in his place). There were also five Trustees elected at that time, as follows : P. Jacobs, G. W. Hill, G. M. Dwight, W. J. Mix and A. Barnum. After the transaction of other business relative to the time for holding congregational meetings, the duties of Trustees and privileges of members of the society, etc., on motion of Mr. Hugh Rea, E. L. Wells HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. 497 was chosen to attend the next meeting of the Freeport Presbytery, within whose jurisdiction this church would cotne, to lay before that body the interests of this charge, and make arrangements for the regular organization of the church, which meeting Mr. Wells duly attended, and there secured the appoint ment of a Presbyterial Committee for the purpose assigned. On motion of Mr. W. A. Washburn, a committee composed of P. Jacobs, A. Barnum and G. W. Hill, was appointed to procure supplies for regular preaching until the meeting of the Presbytery in April. It was also resolved to organize a Sabbath school upon the next Sabbath and to hold weekly meetings for prayer, and the discussion of the Sabbath school lessons. At this first meeting for the formation of the society, the names of those who desired to become members of the society were enrolled. It appears from the record that the society was formed under the direction of the Rev. G. M. Wilson, of Rochelle, who has since gone to his reward in heaven. On the 11th of April, 1873, service preparatory to the organization of the church were held in the Court House, the Rev. W. S. Curtis, D. D., preaching from Lamentations iv, 1. On Saturday the Presbyterial committee, consisting of Rev. Dr. Curtis, of Rockford, Rev. A. Smith, of Galena, Rev. R. Proctor, met in the Court House at half past two o'clock P. M., to organize a Presbyterian Church. According to the record of the first meeting, there were but twenty-three received into membership, after which they proceeded in regular form to the organization of the church. After the confirmation of the name of the church adopted by the society, the following Elders were elected : E. L. Wells, H. Jewett, A. Barnum. After the election of Elders, a Board of Trustees was elected, consisting of Mr. P. Jacobs, G. W. Hill and Geo. Dwight, W. J. Mix and A. Barnum ; Mr. John Rea was afterward elected to fill the place of Anson Barnum, deceased. Soon after, an invitation was extended to Rev. R. Proctor to become its pastor, which invitation was accepted, Rev. Proctor remaining until after the dedication of the church edifice, October 25, 1874. At a meeting of the society held September 1, 1873, a plan for a church edifice was adopted. A building committee was appointed, when shortly after the work began. On the 6th of October the corner stone of the church edifice was laid. The church was dedicated October 24, 1874. The church building is forty-eight feet front, seventy in depth, of brick. It has a basement beneath the audience room, airy and cheerful, and well adapted for prayer meetings. Sabbath school, congregational business, and social meetings. " The cost of the church edifice, not including the finishing of the basement, is about $9,000. Added to this, the worth of the lots on which the church stands, the bell, the organ, and the amount raised and expended by the ladies in finishing the basement and furnishing the church, with other expenditures, makes the entire worth of the church property $14,000. The first pastor of the church was Rev. Robert Proctor, who was succeeded by Rev. G. W. Crofts, whose pastorate closed January 1, 1877, since which time Rev. Dr. Curtis, Rev. C. C. Hemenway and Rev. C. H. Hoyt have supplied the pulpit. The membership of the church at the present time is sixty. There is connected with the church a Sabbath school numbering eighty pupils. Catholic Church. — The industry and zeal that characterizes this people, that has carried their faith and practices among the people of all ages, in all countries, found a footing in Oregon when Michael Nohe, an enterprising grocer, and John M. Schneider, clothing merchant, settled here. With that energy 498 HISTORY OF OGLB COUNTY. which is born of good intentions, and which always characterized their under takings as private and reliable business men, they soon began to cast about for ways and means to build a house of worship that should be dedicated to the worship of God by the people of their religious belief. They were not long in laying the foundations and providing means for the accomplishment of this cherished purpose. They secured the necessary grounds for a church edifice, and then, by subscriptions obtained from the generous and liberal people of Oregon and vicinity, a sufficient amount of money was raised to commence the erection of the present church edifice, which was completed in 1862, at a cost of $1,600. The first officiating priest was Rev. Father Lightner, of Dixon. The church society (or congregation) is represented by about forty families, who are noted, not only for their strict obedience to the requirements and duties of their faith and creeds, but, also, for the high character which they maintain in the community in which they live. Their church edifice is a stone structure, located at the corner of Third and Monroe streets, where services are conducted once a month by Rev. Father Beineke, of Sterling. EDUCATIONAL. The educational interests of Oregon maintain a high standard of excellence. As previously noted, the first school house was built in the Summer and Fall of 1839. As the scholars increased and there came a demand for enlarged and more comfortable accommodations, the old school house gave way, and was suc ceeded by larger and better ones. In 1859, the present Union School House was erected, at a cost of $2,000. The people and their representatives, the Board of Education, have always labored to secure the best educational talent to be found in the country, to whom they have always paid liberal salaries. As a result, the children of the city are surrounded with educational facilities equal to those of any other city in the State. School is maintained nine months of each year. Six teachers are employed, of whom Prof. S. B. Wadsworth is the Prin cipal, and teacher of the High School Department. His assistants are : First Primary, Miss Agnes J. McMollin ; Second Primary, Miss Belle Hobbs; Third Primary, Miss Mary Wilson ; Fourth Primary, Miss Rusha Dunkleberg ; Gram mar Department, Miss Laura Middlekauff. During the Winter of 1877-8, there was a school enrollment of 325 pupils.' LODGES. Oregon Lodge, No. 4£0, A. F. & A. ilf.— Organized September 10, A. D. 1863, under a dispensation from Thos. J. Turner, Grand Master. The follow ing members constituted its first membership : Ruel Thorp, W. M. ; Hiram L. Currier, S. W. ; William J. Mix, J. W. ; M. N. Smith, Secretary ; John M. Seweli, S. D. ; Perry Barker, J. D. ; William Rea, Tyler ; Lewis Hormell, A. A. Chamberlin, George M. Dwight, M. L. Ettinger, George M. Kinney, H. A. Mix, Robert Rea, Hugh Rea, A. P. Snow, George 0. Snowden. Present Officers : A. S. Babcock, W. M. ; Harry P. Sargent, S. W. ; John T. Rea, J. W. ; A. L. Ettinger, Treasurer; J. E. Sheldon, Secretary; C. A. Anderson, S. D. ; S. Lee Anstene, J. D. ; Daniel S. Trout, Tyler. Number of members, 59. Meet every Wednesday preceding the full moon of each month. Oregon Lodge, No. 94., I. 0. 0. F. — The charter of Oregon Lodge, No. 94, was issued by H. L. Rucker, Grand Master, in 1851, to the following named charter members : R. C. Burchell, John V. Gale, John M. Hinkle, C. - F. Emerson and N. K. Hawthorne. The Lodge was organized October 17, 1851. HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. 499 Present Officers : S. Lee Anstene, N. G. ; J. S. Sanders, V. G. ; Frank Young, R. S. ; S. B. Wadsworth, P. S. ; J. W. Mack, Treasurer. Number of members, 36. Meeting Friday evening of each week. TEMPERANCE ORGANIZATIONS. A lodge of I. 0. G. T. was organized May 11, 1877. Its membership includes a number of the best and most influential citizens in Oregon City. The Lodge holds its meetings every Tuesday evening. The Temperance tidal wave first reached Oregon in February, 1877, when Francis Murphy inaugurated quite a reform revival. The interest he excited was carefully fostered by the Christian women of the city, and about the 1st of February, 1878, Major Matt. Cooper, of Michigan, who was labor ing at Freeport, was invited by the temperance workers to deliver a series of lectures, which were largely attended, and resulted in the organization of a Reform Club that numbers nearly 600 members. In conjunction with the Woman's Christian Temperance Union, organized about the same time, the Reform Club leased a room at the corner of Washington and Third streets, and fitted it up as a public reading room, which was placed in the care of Mrs. Hannah Jackson, an accomplished and earnest woman, and an industrious worker in all undertakings calculated for the benefit and elevation of mankind. The room was supplied with a large number of books, magazines, periodicals, pictures, etc., and rendered as attractive every way as earnest. Christian women could make it. The infiuences of the club became widespread and effective. Gospel temperance meetings were held every Sabbath afternoon during the last months of the Winter, which were under the direction of Miss Nancy Burchell, as President of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union. The meetings were largely stttended and judiciously managed. The expenses of the reading room, such as rent, etc., were sustained by voluntary contributions of the business men. Mrs. Jackson's salary was pro vided by the members of the W. C. T. U. OREGON PUBLIC LIBRARY. The importance of such a fruitful means of education is appreciated in Ogle County, and soon after the passage of a State law (March 7, 1872), authorizing cities to provide by a tax of one mill on the dollar for their establishment and maintenance, the City Council of Oregon hastened to avail themselves of that privilege. December 3, 1872, an ordinance ^was passed, establishing a library and reading room for the general public. At a meeting of the City Council December 3, 1872, the following named gentlemen were appointed to constitute a Board of Directors: Albert Wood cock, E. L. Wells, G. C. T. Phelps, G. W. Hormell, J. E. Hitt, John Matmil ler, John Rutledge and William W. Bennett. The Directors held their first meeting in the office of Judge Woodcock (then County Clerk), December 14, 1872. Albert Woodcock was elected President, and E. L. Wells, Secretary and Treasurer. At the next meeting, January 16, 1872, Judge Woodcock and W. W. Bennett were appointed a committee to make selection of books. The report of the above committee was accepted at the next meeting and the books ordered to be purchased. The committee appointed to select a suitable place for the temporary location of the library reported that R. C. Burchell would keep the books one year for $10, and that Dr. Woodburn would keep them in his office for nothing, provided a case was furnished. The First National Bank made a similar offer. On motion of J. E. Hitt, it was ordered that R. C. Bur- 500 HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. chell's drug store should be the place of keeping the books. March 7, 1874, John T. Gantz was appointed Librarian, and the books were removed to his office, he being County Treasurer. November 24, 1874, the committee appointed to secure permanent rooms for the use of the library reported that they had made a lease of J. B. Mix, for two rooms on the second floor of his building, in Block 28, Washington street, at a cost of $30 per annum. The rooms were leased on the 24th of November, 1875, for five years, and were occupied Decem ber 9, 1875. There are 967 volumes in the library, exclusive of all public documents, there being a large number of the latter. In the reading rooms, there are five weeklies, four monthlies, two quarterlies, and many other magazines and papers. Present Officers : President, G. W. Hormell ; Secretary and Treasurer, S. B. Wadsworth; Committee on Books, S. B. Wadsworth, 'W. H. Guilford and Agnes J. McMoUen ; Committee on Library, B. P. Pursol, Mrs. H. P. Loson, G. W. Hormell ; Committee on Finance, John Rutledge, Miss Jenny Page, H. L. Woodburn. MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. Flour, Oat Meal and Grist Mills. — Of these there are three. A. Forrest & Co., on the west side of Rock River, are operating what is known as the Southwestern Mills, and are engaged exclusively in the manufacture of oat meal. These mills were built in 1873, at a cost of $45,000. The water power is bought of the Mix estate. A switch of the Chicago & Iowa Railroad runs up to the mills, a distance of one mile from, the main track. The main build ing stands upon the bank of the river, while just across the track is the store house and elevator. The oats are taken to the top of this building, and there conveyed through a tin spout 104 feet in length to the main building. There are three kilns in the mills, where the oats are dried. Three water-wheels, of the Phelps pattern, are used in the working of the mill. Five pairs of burrs are in use. The mill gives employment to twenty men, and produces 200 bushels of meal per day. Three thousand bushels of oats are received at this mill daily, of which 2,000 bushels are made into meal. Their sales are principally in Eastern cities and foreign countries.* The Oregon Mills, on the East Side, were built in 1861, by Mix, Sheets & Petrie, at a cost of $16,000, and were operated by them until January, 1878. Sheets and Petrie bought the Mix share in 1876. The mills are now being operated by Mr. Z. B. Sturtevent, formerly a prominent mill owner at Rock ford. Mr. Sturtevent employs five men, and produces seventy-five barrels of flour a day. They have four run of stone, and all the necessary machinery, including that used in making the "new process" flour. The Oregon Feed Mills were built in 1877-78, and are the property of C. D. Irvine. The mills are driven by water power, by means of a wire cable 600 feet in length. In addition to the feed-mill, there is a grist-mill attach ment, turning lathe, circular saw, corn sheller, etc. In these enterprises, Mr. Irvine has laid the foundation for large and profitable works. Cheese Factories. — In March, 1878, George A. Mix erected a two-story frame building, 32x48 feet, with engine house attached, 14x24 feet, and a making room 30x32 feet, for the purpose of manufacturing cheese. The sec ond story of the main building, 30x46 feet, is used as a drying room. A ten- * Since the above was written, on the morning of April 10th, 1878, the oat-meal mills were entirely consumed by tire. The loss was about $60,000, whioh was partially covered by insur ance. The sudden death of this enterprise is a severe misfortune to the interests of Oregon, as it was in great prosperity and was one of the greatest features of the county seat. HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. 501 horse upright engine and boiler, carrying 120 pounds of steam, supplies the necessary power for the presses, steam for the vats, drying room, etc. The machinery is entirely new and was purchased at Elgin. This establishment is operated, in the main, on the co-operative plan, although milk is also bought by Mr. Mix, from such of the farmers of the vicinity as prefer to sell direct. The estabfishment gives employment to five men, and turns out fifty forty -pound cheeses every twenty-four hours. Mr. A. Vedder, late of Wisconsin, an ex perienced cheese maker, is foreman and superintendent of the establishment. These works are located on Third street, near the Southwestern Oat Meal Mills. The cheese and butter manufactory of Petrie & Jones is located in the old brewery building, on First street, a short distance below the bridge. The old building was abandoned, some years ago, as a beer-making establishment, and remained idle until' March, 1878, when Petrie & Jones leased the premises and " reconstructed " the interior so as to adapt it to the business for which it is now employed. The steam and power necessary is furnished by a horizontal engine of five-horse power, and eight-horse boiler, of the Gregory pattern, that were purchased new in Chicago. The vats, presses and all the other appur tenances are new and of the latest patterns. The establishment has a capacity for the consumption of 6,000 pounds of milk per day, when in full working order. At present, however, it is only turning out about 600 pounds of cheese and 120 pounds of butter per day of twenty-four hours. Richard Coster, late of De Kalb County, an experienced cheese and butter man, is in charge of the establishment. It is also conducted on the co-operative plan, but milk is pur chased by Messrs. Petrie & Jones, when offered by the farmers. Brick Works. — The brick yards of Wertz & Hallett are situated about one and a quarter miles north of the city. The manufacture of brick was com menced at this place in 1872, and 500,000 were made the first year. They have manufactured, on an average, 250,000 to 300,000 each year since. They furnished the brick for the County Jail, the residence of H. A. Mix, Union Hall Block, and the dry goods store of Stanly Jones. They give employment during the Summer season to thirteen men. Sinnissippi Bouse. — This hotel, a three story brick structure, was erected in 1849 by Messrs. Mix (Henry A.) & Emmerson, at a first cost of about $8,000, and now belongs to the H. A. Mix estate, which is managed by Geo. P. Jacobs, Esq., attorney and counselor at law. The hotel is under the manage ment of T. W. Mills. BANKING. During the Summer of 1870, Messrs. James C. Baird and William Miller opened a banking house under the firm name of Baird & Miller. Mr. Miller retired in a few months and was succeeded by James D. Lott, and the business was conducted under the firm name of Lott & Baird, until May, 1872, when the business was merged into the First National Bank of Oregon, with Daniel Etnyre, as President, and James D. Lott, Cashier. In 1874, Messrs. Lott k Baird sold their interest in the bank, after which it was conducted under the direction of William W. Bennett, President ; James V. Gale, Vice President, and Charles Schneider, Cashier. The paid-up capital of the bank is $50,000. The Board of Directors at this date (April, 1878), is composed ofthe following named gentlemen : Daniel Etnyre, James V. Gale, Isaac Rice, George P. Jacobs and William W.^ Bennett. Since the organization of the First National Bank, there has been paid, in local taxes, the sum of $3,833.67, and to the Govern ment, $3,004.36, making a total of $6,738.03. 502 HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. In 1870, Jos. Wagner and Wm. Artz opened a banking office under the title of the Exchange Bank of Wagner & Artz. The business was continued until the Fall of 1873, when Wm. W. Bennett was admitted to the firm, and for about one year it was managed under the firm name of Wagner, Bennett k Artz. After the withdrawal of Mr. Bennett (in 1874), the old firm continued the business until 1876, when they closed up their business, paying every de positor one hundred cents on the dollar, with a record of honorable banking. IN MEMORIAM. In closing the history of Oregon City, it is but justice to the dead and the living that especial mention should be made of John Phelps and Henry A. Mix, who contributed largely to its growth and prosperity. Mr. Phelps' death spread a deep gloom over the community, for he had been identified with this part of the country and its interests for nearly half a century. His funeral took place at his residence on Good Friday, 1874. Military honors were accorded to the deceased, as a soldier of the war of 1812. The corpse was interred in the ceme tery one mile above Oregon, laid out by Mr. Phelps, and in a lot selected by him when Oregon was in its infancy. At a meeting of Old Settlers, held in Oregon, April 6th, 1874, James V. Gale was called to the chair, and Wm. J. Mix was appointed Secretary. On motion, the following was adopted as the sense of the meeting : " Whereas, We recognize the fact that to the early settler and pioneer the present generation are indebted for their enjoyment of the greatest and best coun try and land ever given to man, and who, with iron arm and will, fearlessly met all dangers, and suffered all privations and hardships incident to those who first open the road for civilization in the remote wilderness, which can be fully ap preciated only by those who have experienced them ; and " Whereas, Our numbers are fading away, link by link, we feel the bond of unity growing stronger among the few of us who are left ; and " Whereas, In the death of our friend and brother pioneer, John Phelps, we feel .that the keystone to a strong arch had become broken, we feel thankful to an all- wise Providence that we remain to bear testimony to his worth, his un swerving fidelity to his manhood, his generous hospitality, his detestation of a mean or small act, his kindness to his friends, his tenderness and generosity as a husband, father and relative ; his embodiment of a greater share of those qual ities of head and heart that command the respect of man than is usually alloted to any one person, all combine to command our warmest admiration and esteem, and stir within us the deepest notes of grief for the loss we have sustained, and of sympathy for the family circle which has suffered this sad bereavement. To the aged companion of his life we tender our heartfelt sympathy, and with her mingle the tear of sorrow. To the children and relatives who have been guided to the summit of the pathway of life by his counsel, we desire to express our grief for their loss, and bear testimony that we also feel that in their loss we also have met with a loss from the web of life which no living thread can replace ; that our words of consolation come not from the lips only, but from the depths of the heart."Resolved, That a copy of these proceedings, signed by the President and Secretary, be sent to the family, and furnished to the Grange and Reporter, and other papers of the county be requested to copy. "James V. Gale, President. "Wm. j. Mix, Secretary." Tuesday morning, September 3, 1867, the people of Oregon were thrown into a state of wild excitement by the startling intelligence that Henry A. Mix, HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. 503 Esq., was lying dead under the unfinished bridge. He was last seen between the hours of eight and nine, the previous evening. The bridge was finished over three spans from the West Side, and plank stringers were lain over the other two. He had evidently been beyond the unfinished part and. was returning on the stringers, and is supposed to have stumbled and fallen through the bridge. Coroner J. M. Seweli summoned a jury of inquest, who returned the following verdict : State of Illinois, I gg . . Ogle County, / ' An inquisition, indented and taken for the people of the State of Illinois, at the Sinnissippi House, in the Town of Oregon, in said County and State, on the 3d day of September, A. D. 1867, before me, John M. Sewall, Coroner of said County, upon the view ofthe body of Henry A. Mix, then and there lying dead upon the oaths of James V. Gale, Chris tian Lehman, D. Stout, A. W. Austin, David Wertz, P. Barker, George A. Buckner, George W. Phelps, J. Cartwright, J. Sharp, G. Dwight, and M. L. Allen, good and lawful men of the' said «ounty, who, being duly sworn to inquire upon the part of the People of the State of Illinois, with all the circumstances attending the death of Henry A. Mix, and by whom the same was produced, and in what manner, and when and where the said Henry A. Mix came to his death, do say, upon thsir oaths, aforesaid, that the said Henry A. Mix was found lying dead, under the unfin ished bridge, at Oregon, aforesaid, on the morning of the third day of September, A. D. 1867, with marks of violence upon his person — that the said Henry A. Mix was, at the time of his death, ofthe age of fifty-one years; and, as the jurors aforesaid, upon their oaths aforesaid, do say, that the said Henry A. Mix came to his death so aforesaid, from injuries received by acci- dently falling through said unfinished bridge, while crossing the same in the night. In witness whereof, we the said jurors, have hereunto subscribed our names the 3d day of September, 1867. Signed, James V. Gale, Foreman ; Christian Lehman, G. W. Phelps, Perry Barker, David Wertz, M. L. Allen, John Sharp, James H. Cartwright, Daniel Stout, George M. Dwight, G. A. Buckner, Amos W. Austin. j. M. Sewell, Coroner. On the same day (the 3d), a public meeting of the citizens of Oregon was held at the Court House for the purpose of expressing the sorrow of the com munity for the sudden and unexpected death of Mr. Mix. James V. Gale was chosen Chairman, and Albert Woodcock, Secretary. Mortimer W. Smith, Joseph Leaks, Dr. E. S. Potter, F. G.. Petrie, C. Lehman, M. L. Ettinger, Geo. W. Hill, E. F. Dutcher and John Sharp were appointed a Committee on Resolutions. The committee reported a series of resolutions, among which were the following : Resolved, That the distressing casualty which has made an amiable and Christian wife a widow, and children of hope and promise to be orphans, has fallen like a stunning blow upon the hearts and hopes of all — that it came when least expected — when most unwelcome — when the arm it has palsied was battling valiantly for the weal and prosperity of the community — when the heart it has silenced was beating high with the promised accomplishment of its most cherished purposes, and when the arduous labors of his life seemed ready to be crowned with a triumph that was to bless and elevate us all. Resolved, That, in the life of the deceased, we recognize an exemplification of the -truth that energy of character, integrity of purpose, and an unwavering confidence in the achievement of well directed toil are the means by which individual prosperity and usefulness are attained, and the only element of aggrandizement which communities can encourage. Resolved, That our reliance, as a community, upon the mature judgment and sagacity ofthe deceased was not the result of weakness in ourselves, but of masterly executive qualities in him, which eminently fitted him to act a conspicuous part in all public enterprises and inspired his friends and co-workers with confidence in the wisdom of his counsels. Resolved, That, while we are aware that the deceased was a kind and loving husband and father, we know also that he was a good neighbor, a faithful friend and a true hearted man — ever ready to listen to the complaints and sufferings of the poor, and never captivated nor turned aside by the vain show and blandishments of the world. On the 9th of September, 1867, the following preamble and resolution, presented by Mr. Gale, were adopted by the County Board of Supervisors : Whereas, We are in possession of the painful intelligence that Henry A. Mix, Esq., for many years the most enterprising and influential citizen of the county, has been suddenly removed from among us by the hand of death ; therefore. Resolved, That in the decease of Mr. Mix the county of Ogle has sustained an irreparable loss ; that his thorough and conspicuous identification for the last twenty years with nearly all 504 HISTORY OF OGLB COUNTY. our important public enterprises, his superior business qualifications, constantly being exerted not only for the material advancement of the community, but also for the peaceful adjustment of difEculties among men ; his untiring energy, his generous hospitality, his cordial friendship, his condescension to the poor, and, above all, the true democracy of his life, all being lost in his untimely death, has left a void which cannot be filled. Notwithstanding the verdict of the Coroner's Jury and the resolutions of the citizens and County Board, there seems to have been those who expressed the opinion that Mr. Mix had been murdered. This rumor prevailed to such an extent that the leading citizens of Oregon felt called upon to publish the following card in the National Guard and other papers : We, the undersigned, citizens of Oregon, and intimate friends of H. A. Mix, Esq., late of Oregon, deceased, look upon the efforts of some few of the citizens of this town to have the public believe Mr. Mix was murdered, with surprise and regret ; that such charge is entirely unwarranted by the facts and circumstances attending his death, unjust toward the people of Oregon, and unworthy of belief by the public ; that we have not the least doubt that Mr. Mix came to his death by pure accident. Signed, F. G. Petrie, Clerk of Circuit Court ; M L. Ettinger, County Treasurer ; James Webb, County Judge ; A. L. Ettinger, United States Collector; Albert Woodcock, County Clerk; Fred. H. Marsh, Postmaster; G. A. Bunker, M. D. ; C. F. Emerson, B. R. Wagner, G. M. Dwight, David Wertz, Elias Etnyre, Jos. E. Hitt, S. Wilson, and many others. Oregon, September 23, 1867. ROCHELLE. For three years after the Black Hawk War, there was not a human habita tion within the boundaries of Flagg Township. The virgin sod was yet unbroken, and the site of the city undisturbed by the hands of civilization. The wild whoop of the red hunter resounded over the prairies, and his arrows whistled in the wind, as he pursued his panting game. From the claim of the Aikens' in Washington Grove, to that of Brodie, on the east, it was a wild, unbroken solitude. The tall, rank prairie grass enveloped the whole landscape, and, withered by frosts, dried by the Autumn suns, it tempted the fire demon to roll his desolating billows over the land. An occasional band of Ottawas, or other Indians, encamped in Hickory Grove, as they journeyed north from the Illinois River to the Big Woods on the Kishwaukee and beyond. As late as 1845, their lodge poles were standing at the southwest corner of the grove, and the solitary trail wound its sinuous course among the trees. The pioneer settlers seemed to seek the protection and company, if it may so be designated, of the groves, and not until 1835 did the prairie between Washington and Brodie's Groves begin to receive inhabitants. In that year, Jeptha Noe built the first house in the township,. a log cabin, a story and a half high and covered with a stave roof. Mr. Noe did not enjoy the lonesome honor of being the sole inhabitant very long, for in the year following, William Coch rane came west, passed through Hickory Grove and located near Mr. Noe. "Grandfather" Cochrane's family, at that time, consisted of six persons, namely, himself, wife, son Homer, afterward a doctor, daughter, Mrs. Lucy Lake (a widowed daughter), who married W. P. Flagg; her son Oscar M. and his daughter Julia Ann, who married A. S. Hoadley. Mr. Cochrane built quite a commodious log cabin, which was consequently used for religious wor ship after the settlement enlarged. Hennepin, in Putnam County, was the point at which Mr. Cochrane usually purchased his supplies, and as there were no turnpikes and few bridges, in some seasons of the year it was absolutely impossible to make the long journey. Being out of provisions on one such occasion, his family were obliged to subsist on Indian corn ground in a hand mill. At another time, while Mr. Cochrane and his wife were at Hennepin, a freshet was induced by the regular January thaw, and while the rivers were HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. 505 swoUe^n by the fiood, it suddenly became very cold and thus formed a thick crust of ice over them. As the water began to pass away it left this shell of ice with out support, and in crossing the Kyte, while returning home, the ice gave way, submerging Mr. and Mrs. Cochrane in the freezing water. Flour and other articles were also damaged, and with wet bodies and frozen clothing, it was miraculous that they reached home alive. Mr. Cochrane had two claims, and in order to hold both, he afterward built a cabin on the one he did not occupy, and sent two or three of his family there to occupy it. An old gentleman named Amos Hubbard then lived with him. John Hayes also worked for Mr. Cochrane, chopping wood and cutting rails, at eight dollars a month. Mr. Hayes now has an elegant stone residence on his large farm near there. In 1837, John Randall, with his family, consisting of his sons, George, John and James P., afterward a Justice of the Peace and a responsible citizen of Flagg Township, William P., Ira and Wesley, and three unmarried daughters, Sarah, Margaret and Mahala. The Randalls built a log cabin near the bridge on the main road, south, where they lived about one year. The following year, 1838, was marked by the advent of two men, who hold a deserved prominence in the history of this vicinity — Sheldon Bartholomew and Williard P. Flagg. They had been living in Ottawa ; came to Hickory Grove in the Fall and inade overtures for the purchase of Mr. Randall's claim, which they procured for $1,500. Mr. Randall and family then moved to Jefferson Grove, as stated, where they purchased the claim of a Mr. Jarvis. Bartholomew and Flagg occupied the Randall cabin together for about one year, when, in 1839, Flagg got out logs, and, with the assistance of neighbors, raised a house for himself, near where J. T. Bird's house now stands, on the south side of Kyte River. Mr. Braiden tore down this cabin a few years ago, and replaced it with a new residence. The Randall claim extended on indefinitely both sides of the river and, in division, Flagg took all on the south, while Bartholomew took that on the north side of the river. In July, 1839, Mr. Flagg was married to Mrs. Lucy Lake, and with her son, Oscar, then about seven years old, she came down to Hickory Grove. Her father and mother, Mr. and Mrs. Cochrane, joined them about nine years later, when the " Grant " addition was made to his house, and here they remained until, at an advanced age, they were sum moned to their long home. In 1838, Hiram Leonard moved to Jefferson Grove, where he married Sarah, a daughter of John Randall, and where he still continues to reside. Mr. Leon ard had moved, with his brother-in-law, George W. Rosecrans, and wife, to Washington Grove, in February, 1835, and settled on the northwest quarter of Section 36, Nashua Township. Mr. Leonard says that Charles, Richard and Thomas Aikens, and David Maxwell, settled there, on the east side of the grove, in the same Spring. Andrew Smith and Mr. Blackmar settled south, and, in the Fall, Dr. John Roe and family settled at Lighthouse Point. Dorson Rosecrans came during that Summer, and at his house the first Metho dist sermons in that neighborhood were delivered to the settlers. William Howe soon became a settler at Jefferson Grove, and married Margaret Randall. He afterward moved away. The remainder of the Randall family, excepting William P., soon after moved to Wisconsin. The year 1840 found a dozen or fifteen more settlers in what is now the township of Flagg. Mr. Pembrook entered a farm down in the swamp region, near^ Brush Grove, and built a log cabin, but finding the land too moist for use he moved 506 HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. just north of town on the farm now owned by Dr. Lane. His log cabin was a few rods back of Mr. Lane's house. Josiah Steele lived in a log cabin near Kyte River, on the north road. He was a brother of George Steele, near Flagg Station, and his wife was subse quently married to Mills Stewart. His three sons, Adolphus, William and Jo seph, grew into manhood at Rochelle, and the former is now practicing law at Frankfort, N. Y. Cummings Noe was a brother of the original pioneer, and held a claim near Jefferson Grove. He is now living at Twin Grove. Job Rathbun, father of Beebe Rathbun, entered the Huntley place in the edge of Jefferson Grove, but sold it at a very early day. The father of Bradley Wright moved with him to the west side of the same grove. Mr. Wright was afterward married to Miss Jerusha Rathbun, daughter of Benjamin Rathbun. He moved into Rochelle and died there in 1877. Samuel Huntley and his son Asa located on the farm commenced by Job Rathbun, in the eastern edge of Jefferson Grove. Another son, Francis, settled near them. Benjamin Rathbun was located west of the grove. His son Benjamin and mother lived there until their death, within a few years. Paul Taylor and Nelson Hill settled in the vicinity of Randall's. John Collier came to this country as early as 1836, hut it was not until 1844, that he married and settled on his farm, which was in the northwest corner of the township. He now resides in Rochelle. Constant N. Reynolds came to the township in 1840, at the solicitation of his friends, Flagg and Bartholomew. As he made the trip from Marseilles to Hickory Grove on foot, he was completely exhausted when he arrived and re quired careful attention from his friends to recover his strength. His father, Searl, and brothers Davis, Tupper and Simeon soon followed, and all settled near and northwest of the present town. " Const.," as he was called, moved to Brush Grove, in 1849, building his house on the county line. He was thus enabled to claim citizenship in either Lee or Ogle County. He voted in this county until 1860, when he announced himself a citizen of Lee. He moved to Nebraska a few years since. Simeon Chester and Mills Stewart came in 1843. The latter brought his father and mother, who died at his house. He was a prominent character in this vijCinity, but afterward moved further West. Harmon T. Minkler and Richard H. Beers took up claims in 1845, near Flagg's farm. The former erected the first frame dwelling within the township. The same house was occupied by him for many years and was then destroyed by fire. Mr. Beers married Miss Dolly Rathbun. Both Mr. Minkler and Mr. Beers still live on their farms in Flagg Township. After these settlements, the inhabitants began to arrive so rapidly that a complete list cannot be attempted. Among them were Ira Overacker, now of Michigan ; Cornelius Dusenberry, Brinckley Pierce, Isaac and James Prindle, Samuel L. Bailey, Alanson D. Clarke, Sterling Blackman, C. B. Biggers, Samuel Airhart, Garrett Ackerson, George Steele, Thomas Fisher, Alexander, John and'Angus Bain and Joseph Hall. William and John Fulton came at an early day ; the former entered into claim speculations, which he carried on quite actively. He died a few years ago at Rochelle, where John still resides. They built the house on the Lane farm, and sold it, in 1853, to Col. Brice. Elijah H. Blackman, Hiram Spaulding, Parley P. Hurd, Enoch Hoadley and his sons Alfred S., Sidney and Willard, came about the same time — ^Blackman HISTORY OF OGLB COUNTY. 507 and Hurd settling on their present farms, and the others stopping near Hickory or Loblalla Grove, as it was sometimes called from a food served up there to passing travelers. David P. Navarro came in the Fall of 1853, and built the house occupied by James Crawford for a number of years. Mr. Navarro is now exhibiting with Barnum in the Eastern States his son, who is 17 years old in June, 1878, and who weighs 526 pounds. He was born in Flagg Township. Henry Willey located near the site of Flagg Station, in 1850. Since the first lonely settler first staked off his claim in the edge of Jeffer son Grove, a host of citizens have joined in forming the large population of Rochelle and vicinity. Though the pioneers lived in plain style, with but few of the present pleasures, yet nowhere could the passing traveler find a more genuine hospitality thun among these jovial, great-hearted men. One was called away in the full strength and vigor of manhood, and has lain at rest beneath the prairie sod for more than thirty years. Sheldon Bar tholomew died December 9, 1846, aged 39 years. He was the second one to be placed in the public cemetery, which he established. The first grave was that of Lura Reynolds, the little daughter of Father Reynolds. Williard P. Flagg, the old companion of Mr. Bartholomew, lived in the village which had grown up around him until August 10, 1877, when he passed away, at an advanced age, highly respected and esteemed by all. Chicago was the principal grain market for this section until about 1852, when a load was occasionally drawn to Rockford, Peru and St. Charles. The greater part was taken to Chicago, however, until the railroads came and gave them a market here at Hickory Grove. There were few horses used until about 1843 or 1844, and it usually consumed six days to get a load of wheat to market; In those times, as there were few good hotels along the route, the farmers generally slept in their wagons and prepared their own meals along the road. Their cooking utensils consisted of a frying pan and coffee pot, and their bill of fare consisted of hot coffee, together with bread and fried bacon. Before starting out, they provided themselves with enough coffee and bacon for the round trip, and sufficient bread to last to Chicago, where they replenished with fresh loaves. At that time Chicago was nothing better than a great overgrown village, set down in what appeared the lowest and muddiest spot in creation. The farmers unloaded into a hopper and the elevators were no better than will be usually seen in mos,t country towns. At times, when the roads were good, and prices a little up, there was often a big rush, and as they slowly unloaded and advanced the length of one team at a time, the unlucky farmer would sometimes be delayed several hours before he could get his grain into the hopper, and the cash therefor into his pocket. Later on it became customary to put up at hotels along the route. As the Rock River Valley became more thickly settled and the travel to Chicago increased, the number of these public houses multiplied very fast. The farmers could discriminate in regard to the quality of fare that was set before them, and, as there was brisk competition between the different houses, their patrons dined luxuriously. If there was an establishment on the road which they considered not quite up to the standard, they would drive half the night, if necessary, to reach the next place beyond. Those who run their own freight train to Chicago in those early days behind a team of oxen or horses will readily remember the old house at Brodie's Grove, Huntley's at DeKalb, Rand's on the Ohio barrens near Blackberry, Chatfield's the Valley House, Old Garfield's, Old Enterprise about a mile beyond St. Charles (t hen 508 HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. nearly its present size), Rob. Benjamin's, Hubbard's in Babbock's Grove, Salt Creek House, Hill Cottage, Oak Plain House, Six Mile House and Four Mile House. In the city, the favorite stopping places were the old American House and the Lake Street Hotel. The prices for wheat in Chicago ranged from forty cents to a dollar and twenty. It seldom reached as high as a dollar, however, and generally ranged at fifty or sixty cents. Though they were not in any danger of becoming sud denly rich selling wheat at these prices and carting it to Chicago, the " Rock River boys," as those living in this section were called, did not appear at all despondent. In fact, if the rollicking fun and enjoyment experienced in these trips could have been reduced to a specie basis, every one of them would soon have reached a state of affluence. At those times, when they were hauling grain to Chicago, the settlers pur chased most of their groceries and other necessaries in that city, but on other occasions they found purchasing marts nearer home. There was a little store at Oregon at a very early day, and after that at Grand Detour and Daysville. Before any of these were started, Hennepin and Ottawa drew most of the trade of this section, save what was done in Chicago when selling grain. For a number of years, however, Daysville was the principal trading point, it being the place where elections for this precinct were held, and their nearest post office. Wild game, especially deer, was very abundant here till quite a late date. Frequently they could be seen on the prairies at a distance, appearing like a drove of young cattle — the fawns gamboling about with as much playfulness as young lambs. The settlers found venison a very cheap and palatable food, and a good gun was considered about as essential as a plow or a lumber wagon. In the season a good hunter could confidently depend upon bringing home a deer any day, after a little tramp, till about the time of the advent of the railroad, when they began to get very scarce. In the Winter of 1853-54, a grand deer- hunt was organized, taking in several townships and centering in the northern edge of Reynolds, in Lee County. Though it was not inaugurated by the Hick ory Grove boys, they entered the ring when they found the slaughter was un avoidable. Thirty or forty deer and several wolves were massacred on that occasion, and at about that time these fleet-footed champions of the Indian and buffalo seemed suddenly to disappear from our groves and prairies. Ward Wheeler, an irregular genius, who came to Hickory Grove about the time of the railroad, one day discovered three deer on the open prairie, near the south edge ofthe grove. As Ward had lived mostly in the East, a live deer was a rare sight to him. He notified " Const." Reynolds and one or two others of his discovery, and they determined to try and effect the capture of the three deer by a little strategy. " Const.," who was the only one of the party carrying a gun, was stationed behind some stacks of grain, in the direct course of the deer. As they came along in the proximity of the stacks, " Const.," by a well directed fire, brought two of them to the ground, and had good hopes of securing the third, which was some distance back, and yet undisturbed, when the irrepressible Wheeler, impatient of the delay necessary to reload the gun, darted out and gave chase. The motives whicli actuated him are not thor oughly comprehended, but it is believed that he thought to overtake and cap ture the deer by mere virtue of superior fleetness. This same Ward Wheeler was the mariner who first achieved the difficult task of navigating Kyte River. Being the owner, by descent, of a fine, low, moist farm near Brush Grove, and being approachable by no other means. HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. 509 Ward determined to see how near he could approach his swamp-environed home by navigating the Kyte. In pursuance of this noble conception. Ward con structed a raft, and, having loaded thereon the material necessary for a house, he was soon afioat on the raging waters. The raft, however, soon went to pieces on the wire fence of Tom. Padgett, and Wheeler returned to the Grove a sadder yet wiser man. Wolves were quite plenty here in the early days, and there was a consider able number of raccoons and wild cats. Not many of the settlers attempted to raise sheep ; and if they had, the wolves would undoubtedly have proved quite troublesome. Father Reynolds and Harmon Minkler first introduced sheep- raising into this vicinity, and their fiocks were quite frequently visited by these skulking marauders of the prairie. Indians were, of course, seen here quite frequently by the first settlers. Tilfabout 1850, a band of Pottawatomies traveled through here regularly every year, and camped at Jefferson Grove. Their reservation was somewhere beyond the Mississippi, and they made an annual journey to Milwaukee to see the Gov ernment agent stationed there. Their lodges, or wigwams, were composed of some kind of tent material manufactured by themselves, which was supported by poles-^ in the ground. These poles were not carried with them, but when they camped at a grove, as they always did, they would cut down some straight young saplings for the purpose. These were left standing, as they proceeded on their journey, and their lodge poles at Jefferson Grove could be seen as late as 1856-7. These traveling bands numbered all the way from twelve to seventy- five Indians, but there were usually about forty, and they used to stay at Jef ferson for weeks at a time. The white settlers frequently visited their camps, and were generally received very kindly. Some of the Indians were able to use a few words of English, and a smattering of " Injun," picked up by some ofthe "pale faces," enabled them to communicate quite freely. They were in the habit of purchasing fiour of the whites, and for the rest of their subsistence depended upon the results of their skill in the chase. The muskrat seemed a very popular article of food, and they evinced great judgment in spearing for these amphibious dwellers on the river banks. They knew where their nests were located, and as their spears penetrated the ice, they were pretty sure to impale one or more luckless rats. Their application of the culinary art to the muskrat had more regard for simplicity than cleanliness. They were usually suspended over the fire in the wigwams in their primal condition, neither skinned nor cleaned in the least, and when the hair was burned off and it was pretty well burned through, it was considered in a proper condition for serving up. In warm weather, those passing their encampment would frequently see Indians, of all ages and conditions, loitering around outside of their wigwams in all degrees of nudity, some of them as guiltless of clothing as our first parents. In Winter, when some of their young men were out hunting, when it came night, they would very often drop down in the swamp gra^s or in some grove, and, with nothing but a single blanket or shawl to protect them from the biting cold, proceed to sleep, when it would be supposed that no human being could thus expose himself without being frozen to death. Their women were usually very busy in the manufacture of bead work and wampum, which they sold to the whites. They possessed wonderful skill, and this work was really beautiful and artistic. There was one peculiarity about them. They would always put away their work the moment a white woman entered their wigwam, though they would allow a man to observe them as closely as he wished for hours. One gentleman states that he took his wife to see this curious industry several times. 510 HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. in the belief that she would be able to comprehend the mysteries of the manu facture if she could see the women at work ; but no sooner would she enter than the beads and shells were put away, and nothing could induce them to resume operations. The Indians were always very peaceable and law abiding, and measurably free from their very common vice, stealing. The famous old Indian chief Shabbona was frequently seen in this section, his residence at Shabbona Grove not being very distant. Mr. Flagg, " Const." Reynolds, and other settlers were personally acquainted with him, and they represent him as possessed of two characters very unlike. Seen among civihzed men at a dinner or some public occasion, dressed similar to any other well-to-do gentleman, and no one possessed more dignity or decorum, or could converse more intelligently ; but take him among his own Indians in camp, or on a hunt, and no one in the whole band was more a " wild Injun " than he. With his family, Shabbona was encaihped at Plum Thicket several weeks at one time, and his two sons, reaching "Const." Reynolds' house one evening, remained with him over night. Though the notorious Driscoll family lived in this county, a few miles north, this particular section was not very much troubled by the depredations of horse thieves. The settlers were in constant dread, and exercised great precau tion, but very few horses were actually stolen. Bridges. — The Rathbun bridge was one of the first built over the Kyte. The contract had been given to some stranger who made a business of bridge- building, and, when it came to the raising, dwellers about Hickory Grove were invited to assist. An attempt to build a bridge across the Kyte at Hickory Grove was also made while yet it was a mere country settlement. The main south road was at first further west than now, though at that time it ran in a diagonal direction as at present, and was merely a crooked, irregular wagon track and not a regularly laid-out road. They forded the Kyte several rods further down — the place where the river banks were worn down in a gradual slope to the water's edge, though grass grown, is still visible — and after crossing there they wound round to the east to reach Bartholomew's cabin, where travelers very often halted to replenish their stores. When Flagg removed to the other side of the river and built his log cabin, he laid out the present road and it was determined to build a bridge. We do not know who is entitled to the honor of originating the design for that bridge, but for simplicity and ingenuity, it could not easily be excelled. They first got out a great number of logs and prepared them in the same manner as for building a log cabin. With these they proceeded to construct an abutment on each side of the river and then piers in the middle, piling the logs one on top of another precisely as in building a house, only the sides of the abutments toward the land were left • open. These houses, or pens, were built about fifteen feet high, and were to be filled up with earth and connected with beams or stringers reaching from one to the other. The filling in with earth was never done and they did not complete the bridge, but as the stringers were placed in position with a fiat surface on the top, two or three feet wide, pedestrians, who understood the art of balancing, derived considerable benefit from it. In time this log structure was torn down, and in another bridge that was built " Dave " Stiles had the chief management. This one would have been a success but for one fact — it was hardly raised above the water's edge, and next Spring, when the freshet came, the whole thing was swept away. By this time a bridge had become a necessity, and their next effort resulted in a structure that was replaced some years ago by the present bridge. ROCHELLE g:;^^^:^^ HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. 513 Before the railroad, there was a stage line running through from Chicago on the old State road, passing Flagg Center, and diverging south to Dixon, run by the old firm of mail carriers, Frink & Walker. Some other stage up and down Rock River, touching at Daysville, furnished the people of this section an opportunity to communicate with the outside world. The general health of the pioneers was good. That painful and exasperat ing scourge, " Fever and Ager," found a victim occasionally, but did not make as much headway here as in a great many other places. A sort of bilious dis order was the most general complaint. Doctors were scarce, there being only two within calling distance in those rural times. Dr. John Roe lived at Light House Point, and Dr. Lyman King was in the western edge of Jefferson Grove. Dr. Roe removed to Nebraska a few years ago, where he subsequently died. Lyman King met a more tragic fate, mortally wounding himself by an accidental discharge of his own gun while he was traveling out West. Before the advent of the railroad, the south road, after passing Flagg's and, crossing the bridge, continued in a diagonal direction till it reached the ceme tery ground, where it turned and proceeded directly north. The old Cottonwood tree back of Turkington and Hilb's block was just west of the wagon track. A fence ran along on that side of the road, and the field beyond was planted with grain. East of that road it was an open, unfenced common, whose ancient sod had never been rent by the plowshare. The grove at that time extended con siderably further north, and there was quite a dense tangle of crab apple trees, poplars and hazel brush on the east, but, aside from this, the site of the present city was an unbroken plain, and the countless shade trees that line the streets and ornament the yards and gardens are all of recent growth. Mills Stewart (down by the stone quarry), Flagg and Bartholomew occupied the only three houses within the little neighborhood, and it looked less like a city than an average country cross-roads. The Village of Lane. — After the death of Bartholomew, his widow, generally known by the familiar title of "Aunt Charlotte," was married to "Mat." Powell, and before her death, which occurred during the past year, she had wedded her third husband, a Mr. Walker. Some capitalists from Rock ford, R. P. Lane, Thos. D. Robertson and Gilbert D. Palmer, purchased quite an extensive tract from " Aunt Charlotte," including all the land comprised in the original town of Lane, and, being owners when the station was located, one of their number secured the honor of giving the town its name. The Chicago. ^ North- Western Railway. — The final survey for the Air Line Railroad was made in the Spring of 1853, and on the 14th of January, 1854, the iron was laid and the road completed to this point. A rival survey had been previously made on the line of St. Charles and Oregon, and the road constructed to the former place, and the ambitious denizens at the " seat " were very free in their sneers at what they termed the " Gas Line " Railroad, being very certain that it would never be built, and proportionately sure that theirs would. be. But the Air Line continued to be pushed forward, be the propelling force what it would — gas or gold dollars. Several different routes were projected with the evident purpose of inducing competion among the land owners in order to cheapen the right of way. The work on the railroad pro gressed very rapidly during the Summer of '53, and at the date above mentioned the last rail was laid connecting Hickory Grove with Chicago. In the mean time there was great activity at the Grove, or, as we must now call it. Lane Station. There was a great influx of people, all anxious to reap the advantages and embrace the opportunities for money-making that were sure to be developed 514 HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. here by tHe new railroad. The old Lane Hotel, now the Brackett House, was built that Summer by Horace Coon, who is still a resident of Rochelle, and when the railroad was completed arrangements were made for a grand banquet in the hall over the hotel, there being no bed-room partitions at that time, but the whole second floor was one large apartment and was used for balls and other public gatherings. This banquet was originated in honor of a train of excur sionists from Chicago, who were celebrating the completion of the new railroad. As the Chicagoans did not put in their appearance, after considerable delay the local participants in the festivities endeavored to get on without them as well as they could. The most attractive feature of the evening was an original song written by Grandfather Cochrane and his daughter, Mrs. A. S. Hoadley. The words were composed to fit the music of a stirring old Mexican war-song ; and the different parts were rendered as follows : Air, Constant N. Reynolds ; Tenor, Sidney and A. S. Hoadley ; Bass, Willard P. and Lucius Flagg. The whole company were good singers, and their splendid rendering of the piece, and the general enthusiasm of the occasion, gave it a wonderful effect. The last stanza, as will be seen below, contains a prophetic allusion to the Pacific Rail road, then hardly looked upon as within the range of remote possibilities. Here are the words of the song : We come with a song greeting those who belong To the band who have rushed on the railroad so strong. Who have dug up the earth ere injunctions could say Your work is unfinished, so roll, roll away. A go-ahead spirit is apt to prevail In spite of their saying, ' Their work it will fail " The railing is laid through the whole of the way ; Their doubting is sinking, so roll, roll away. With triumph we gaze on the structure that's raised, As the great foaming steed rushes on to the play. Through the untraversed plains where the wild beasts do stray. Our triumph is coming, so roll, roll away. The steam-horse is come to our grove in the West ; Our joy at his coming cannot be expressed; So those who have striven to hedge up his way May charge their irtjunct-iot s, and fire, fire away. Untiring he moves from Chicago to Lane, To haul in our lumber and draw out our grain. So those who have striven his course to delay Must own he has triumphed, and march, march away. The sound of his snorting is heard on the gale, He'll ne'er be contented until the long rail Has reached the i acific, and their mingling lay Will be music to those who are far, far away. The steam-horse will neigh ou the wave-beaten shore. And whistle a tune to the strong ocean's roar. Then wheel around eastward and make a short stay, Then, snorting and foaming, he'll roll, roll away. Before the conclusion of the entertainment, a messenger arrived from the excursionists, who met with a disaster at station No. Forty. The- engine had broken down, and they very wisely concluded not to come any further. Sev eral baskets of provisions were taken to them on wagons, and the citizens endeavored to make it as pleasant for them as possible. S. L. Porter was in charge of the track laying on the new railroad, and John R. Hotaling made his first appearance as a contractor, doing the grading HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. 515 two miles east of Lane. The Major built a small shanty near the old brick yard, in the pasture north of the track, and after finishing the grading he took the job of clearing and leveling off the depot grounds and other like service. Lane was the railroad terminus for about a year, and Hotaling run a passenger wagon from here to Dixon for the benefit of the traveling public. Business Interests. — One of the first places occupied for business pur poses was a little log cabin down near the river, on the green plat, opposite Mr. Flagg's old house. It was once a part of Mr. Cochrane's house, at Jeffer son Grove, and was torn down and drawn over from there a few years before the railroad came. It was at first occupied by a fellow known as " Bruin " Walker. Afterward, Lucius Flagg, brother -of Willard P., used it for a dwelling while he carried on a blacksmith shop in a little shanty located a short distance west of the south end of the present bridge. This shop, which was about the /rs* build ing occupied for business purposes in this city, was conducted by Mr. Flagg nearly two years. During the Summer when the railroad was being built, Mr. Lucius Flagg having removed, the log cabin in which he had lived was turned into a sort of grocery and supply store, under the proprietor'ship of Mr. M. J. Woodward, who had been connected with the railroad in some way. This little forerunner of future commercial importance was not a very extensive affair and Woodward did not pretend to stay there much of the time. The key to the "store" was left with Mr. Flagg, at his house, and if a customer made his appearance, some one of the family would go down and wait on them, after which the concern was closed up as before. As soon as the stores up town were in operation. Woodward discontinued his little emporium, and the cabin was torn down. Its location can now be seen a few rods west of the bridge on the south side of the river, the excavation for a cellar beneath being yet visible, though covered with green sod. About the first building erected in Lane for business purposes was a sort of shanty, with a car r'oof, located about on the southeast corner of Loomis & Co.'s lumber yard. It was owned by some Johnson Brothers, who started up with a stock of goods costing $40, and they prospered so well that by the next Spring they had it all on paper — their stock all gone, and nothing but slates and account books to show for it. Their groceries were chiefly of that variety that comes in kegs and barrels, and is retailed by the glass ; but they kept a small line of tea and coffee, sugar, molasses, vinegar, candles, and other neces saries. Their •stablishment was known as "The Shades," but we do not know by whom this romantie appellation was bestowed upon it. George E. Turkington became connected with "The Shades," and his genial qualities made it a very popular place of resort. Of an evening we can imagine seeing most of the prominent men of the growing little village gathered there, engaged in social converse or participating in the excitement of whist or euchre. As we stated before, the old " Lane Hotel" was built by Horace Coon, the Summer before the completion ofthe railroad, in 1853. "Abe" Adams, then lately arrived, did the carpenter work, and the hotel was looked upon as a great enterprise. Coon was mine host for several years, and under his management the hotel enjoyed a deserved popularity. It was 'finally sold to a Mr. Kendall, who ran it till about 1868 or 1859, when Col. D. C. May, from Rockford, assumed control. The Colonel officiated with distinguished success till 1863 or 1864, and sold to Mr. Asa Green, of whom it was purchased by "Uncle" John Short, of Aurora, for the use of his son John and daughter Susan (now Mrs. J. M. May), who assumed control as proprietors, and fully 516 HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. sustained the popularity of the house until their retirement, in 1865. Mr. Short sold to two men from Geneva, 111., who, in two weeks, transferred it to Mr. A. Simpson. He tore down the greater part of the old building, and replaced it by a new one, which, for size, style and architectural beauty, is. not surpassed by that of any town of equal size in the State. When Mr. Simpson died, the hotel came into the hands of its present efficient proprietor, H. Brackett, and is now called the " Brackett House." The east half of the block on which the brick row was built, in 1871, was purchased by Mr. David B. Stiles, and a store erected by him in 1853, some where in the vicinity of John Rae's. In the Winter following, he opened a stock of dry goods, groceries, etc., being in full operation when the railroad came. Stiles had no competition of any importance till the next year, when "Jerry" Barber entered in trade there, and did a rushing business from the start. Oscar M. Lake and J. S. Patchin were employed as salesmen by Mr. Stiles, and, if reports are true, they were very active " counter jumpers " in those days. The store was one of the tumble-down wooden buildings on the west side of Washington street, known some time afterward as " Lovejoy's Row," and destroyed in the first great conflagration in the Winter of 1860-61. Stiles formed a copartnership with Mr. J. Parker, a few years afterward, and they continued the business in a more commodious store, situated at the head of Cherry street, on the lot where the north half of Turkington & Hilb's block now stands. Here they were burnt out at the time of the fire mentioned above. About the next establishment, in point of time, was Henry Burlingim's. He was located in was was called the "Ark," a little low building with a car roof, on the corner where Milne & Loomis' coal warehouse stands. "Burly" kept a small line of groceries, confectionery, etc., and lived in the back part of the " store." In 1856, he erected the building now occupied by D. A. Baxter as a harness shop, and put in quite an extensive stock of groceries and provi sions. This was the first exclusive grocery in town of any consequence. Miles J. Braiden came West about this time, and was connected with the Burlingim store as partner. " Burly" was subsequently engaged in the grain trade, and the stone elevator was built by him. From here he moved to Chicago, where at one time he was conducting quite an extensive business. " Burly," or " H. B.," was an eccentric, good-natured genius, fond of a joke and extremely social, and his peculiarities will be recalled by a host of warm personal friends. J. B. Barber came to Lane the next season after the railroad and put in a general stock of dry goods, groceries, etc., in a store erected by himself just east of the " corner brick." The same building was occupied for hardware a num ber of years afterward, and was torn down or moved away at the time of the erection of the west half of Turkington's block on Cherry street. "Jerry" had a rushing business immediately, and at the end of the year entered into a partnership with John R. Hotaling, under the firm name of Barber & Hotaling. In about the year 1856, Republican Block or the " corner brick " was erected by them. They never moved into it, however, as the partnership was dissolved. In the division. Barber took the stock of goods and the business, and Hotaling had the new block. They had sold their old store, and "Jerry" was obliged to find a new place and he built what was known subsequently as the "Oak Front," on the present Hilb lot. He sold to Brice & Coon, and the store was continued by the firm for awhile, and finally by Brice alone. The establishment was at last closed out or burnt out in 1860 or 1861. HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. 517 Employed by Barber as clerks, at different times, were George E. Turking ton, Jay L. Putman, Joseph Hawthorne, "Johnny" Hunter, and "Jim" Brice. George Turkington came in with the railroad, with which he had been connected in some capacity, and it is reported that at that time he was no steadier than an average deacon ; but he possessed first-rate business tact, and "Jerry" soon found his services almost invaluable. "Joe" Hawthorne is now a prominent citizen of Oregon, and Deputy Sheriff. "Jim " Brice was a son of the old Colonel, who succeeded " Jerry " in the business, and is now engaged in a prosperous trade at Tama City, Iowa. Of "Jerry's" other clerks . we will speak further on. Besides the store, "Jerry" was connected with several other branches of trade. He dealt in coal and had a small stock of furniture, and, in company with Hotaling, was one of the first grain buyers. Before going in with the " Major," however, he had erected a little warehouse, in company with a Mr. Flint, and was in the grain trade the next season after the advent of the rail road. The personal history of "Jerry" Barber is closely interwoven with that of the city in those early years. To his liberality and enterprise is attributable much of its subsequent prosperity and growth. No man in the commercial his tory of Rochelle ever enjoyed the confidence of the trading public more com pletely than " Jerry." Early in trade, his genial manner and well-known pro bity commanded an immense patronage. Had his conscience possessed the elasticity of the modern tradesman, with ordinary parsimony he would have amassed a princely fortune, and, instead of resting in a grave unmarked by the simplest tablet, he might have reposed beneath the shadow of an imposing mon ument. As it was, he met with financial disaster, failed in business, and the last years of his life were spent in comparative poverty. He died in 1872 and was laid to rest with Masonic honors. Before coming to Lane, "Jerry" Bar ber was conducting a farm in Winnebago County, near the residence of Allen Miller, now deceased, who was Mrs. Barber's father. Here " Jerry " had led a quiet farmer's life for many years, being one of the oldest settlers in that section. He came to Lane, and for awhile was successful beyond all reason able expectation in accumulating wealth and multiplying friends ; and the two seemed to disappear together, fully as readily as they came. Mr. Hotaling is now Postmaster of Rochelle. Though Barber & Hotaling built the "corner brick," it was first occupied occupied by the Cass Brothers, Frank and Milo. They engaged in the general trade, dry goods, groceries, etc., and were succeeded by Barbour & Co. Barbour was unsuccessful, and Sheriff Hughes finally secured possession and disposed of the goods at auction, for the benefit of Eastern creditors. The Brownell boys, Lawrence and " Will," opened a stock in the " corner brick " at about the commencement of the war. Possessing first-class business ability and any amount of enterprise, they built up a tremendous business at the old corner. This firm, with slight variations, continued to do business there till 1871, when they sold to Bushey, Rathbun & Francis. Francis, Glenn & Co., now constitute the firm, which holds forth in the Shockley Block. The old brown building opposite the " corner brick " was built in the Sum mer of 1854, by some stranger here, on the southwest corner of the block on which Milne & Loomis' coal house stands, and fronted toward the south. It was bought soon after by Messrs. R. W. Porter and Joseph Storm, and by them removed to its familiar old location up town. Porter & StQrm filled it with a stock of dry goods, groceries, etc. Storm did not long remain in the 518 HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. firm, but it was continued by Porter for some years. On Porter's leaving, Gerrett H. Pierce, Mr. D. Bly, and others, held forth there at different times. The stock, toward the last, was principally drugs, with a few groceries. With a number of other old buildings, it was cleared away, some years ago, by Mr. Shockley, to make room for a brick block of four stores. The old Grove House, consisting of two long frame buildings side by side, situated opposite the stone warehouse on the east side of the street, was built by Thomas Reed of Lynnville, in the Summer of 1854. It was run as a hotel a few years, but, after remaining vacant a long time, was torn down by Rufus P. Burlingame, who erected an old half-finished grain warehouse. This, in turn, was removed, and the livery stable of H. Earl erected. Below the track, during the first season after the railroad, a man by the name of Leach conducted a pioneer whisky shop in the Bowler shanties. One of these shanties, with a car roof, is still standing as an old landmark. It was quite a popular resort with some, and, although it was a small concern, they disposed of a .vast quantity of fire-water, as was evidenced by the number of "tired" men who staggered away from there. The first livery stable was opened by John Andrews, in 1854. "Johnny" Hunter occupied the old stable opposite the Rochelle House, in 1858, and was not noted for keeping the best stock in the world. He was suc ceeded by Josiah M. May ; then Charles Welch, who sold to Edward Gard ner ; he, in turn, was followed by H. Earl, who moved to his new stable when Mr. May rebuilt, near the railroad, and is still in the business. The building owned by C. H. Gates and occupied as the " Revere " eating house, by C. Brookes, was erected about 1857. Hughes & Frisbee opened it the same year, with a stock of dry goods. Hughes afterward was elected Sheriff of the county, and during the war served as Captain of a company in the 46th Illinois, and is now at Boone, Iowa. The first lumber dealer in Lane was one Thornton Beatty, who had a small yard a little west of Wade's pump factory. A. H. Fields and Judson F. Bur roughs were running a yard, a few years after, on the corner where Comstock's billiard hall is located. That corner and all the east half of that block was an open prairie at that time. Fields subsequently formed a partnership with John F. Nettleton, in the same business ; but not meeting with any great success, he branched off in the butter and egg traffic, which he is still following. Bur roughs, after leaving this place, became quite a noted character, being the vic tim in the Mary Harris shooting affray, which created a great sensation at the time. I. M. Mallery, soon after his arrival here in 1857 or 1858, opened a lumber yard on about the same ground afterward occupied by Parks & Miller for the same purposes. At a very early day the grain trade at this point assumed great importance, Rochelle, or "Lane," being surrounded by a very fertile and extensive farming region that is naturally tributary to it. The first elevator was erected by Mr. James Smith, or " Deaf Jimmy," as he was often called, and was situated on the warehouse lot directly south of Colditz & Williams'. He bought grain there for awhile, and it was afterward operated by Boyce & Bump, who were in it at the time of the second fire, in May, 1861, for which Burke was hung. The large elevator which stood on the lot just west was built by Spaulding & Hotaling, and the basement excavation over which it was raised can still be seen just south of the old Brownell store. Lake & Blackman were the last occupants of this warehouse, and they were conducting the grain business till they were burned out by the great fire above mentioned. Their warehouse was HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. 519 very heavily crowded with grain at the time, and 0. M. Lake, of the firm, was in Chicago attending the funeral obsequies of Stephen A. Douglas. Returning the next day, Oscar found their vast hoards of grain strewn round in scorched and blackened heaps, fiooding the basement, and scattered on every hand among the smouldering embers. The fire fiend had been let loose upon them, and in one fearful night the rich products of a hundred harvest fields were trampled in ashes beneath his feet. Messrs. Lake & Blackman are still living at Rochelle. The old brown warehouse in the east of town was built by Mallery & McCon- aughy, and the stone elevator by M. J. Braiden and Henry Burlingim, about eighteen years ago. It is now operated by Stocking & Ringold. In 1863, the elevator near the old Stiles place was built by a joint stock company, and Messrs. Shockley & Phelps were placed in charge. They purchased all the outside interest in the warehouse after awhile, and operated it for a number of years, when it came into the hands of R. C. Craft & Co., and is now owned by the Chicago & Iowa Railroad Company. On the completion of the Chicago & Iowa Railroad, it became evident that the full benefits of the railroad competi tion could not be enjoyed until a warehouse was built on the new road. This was done by Messrs Shockley & Co., in 1872, and is now managed by Andrews & West. James S. Patchin entered into the mercantile business in 1858. The old hardware firm of Geo. E. Turkington & Co. began operations in the old Barber building, just east of the "corner brick," about 1857-58. The " Co." was " Tom " Padgett, and they continued to do business in the ojd build ing until 1863, when it was replaced by the present brick stores, which were erected by the same enterprising firm. After passing through different hands, the store finally came into the hands of Colditz & Williams, the present enter prising proprietors. M. T. Ellinwood was in the hardware trade in the old row of wooden buildings located in the vicinity of John Rae's, and was burnt out in the great fire of the Winter of 1860—61. On the erection of the old Union Block in 1861, by Angus Bain and Messrs. Clark & Dana, Mr. Ellinwood leased the north store, where he remained till the purchase of the old Bird building on his present corner. He fitted up the old brick front and put on a wooden extension reaching back to the alley. This made him a very commodi ous establishment, but it in turn was brought low by the flames in the great fire of December, 1870. , In company with Mr. Scranton, he rebuilt during the next season, and his brick store, reaching the whole length of the lot, is one of the most complete hardware establishments in the State. Mr. John T. Bird came to Lane in about 1855, and set up a forge and anvils in an old shop on Brice street. After a few years of faithful labor, he was enabled to build the large brick shop which was afterward converted into a hard ware store by Mr. Ellinwood. He afterward entered into a banking business in the firm of Lewis & Bird, but is now at his old trade, including the sale of agricultural implements. At an early day, there was a drug firm called Knight & Bennett, located in the old row of wooden buildings which we have mentioned before. David A. Knight and Charles C. Bennett composed the firm. Mr. Knight moved away, and Mr. Bennett is now express agent in Rochelle. A few years after the demise of the above firm, Clark & Dana opened a drug store. Though located on the same lot where their successors are at present, their building seemed to stand out separate and alone, quite a little distance from the center of business. It was raised up from the ground, too, and quite a high step was placed in front of the door to connect it with the 520 HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. sidewalk. This establishment met the fate of a great many others, being burned down in the winter of 1860-1. It was rebuilt the next season, and formed a part of Union Block, a three-story wooden building, with three stores below and a public hall above, the north two-thirds of which was owned by Mr. Angus Bain. This block was in turn destroyed in the fire of December, 1870, and was replaced with the present elegant row of brick stores. Though this firm has undergone numerous changes, the head partner, Mr. Clark, has been connected with it most of the time. The present company is composed of Messrs. Clark & Barker. Jay L. Putnam came to Lane in the employ of " Jerry ' ' Barber, and after "Jerry" went out of trade, he was variously engaged until he became estab lished in the drug business. He was in the next door north of Clark till the completion of Shockley's Block, when he removed into his north store, where he yet remains. The firm became Putnam & Cook, in 1871. R. W. Porter was proprietor of one of the earliest furniture stores, and was located in the old wooden row. He was succeeded in that branch of trade by Moses Lovejoy, who was in the same building occupied by Peter Unger. George Kershaw afterward held forth in a wooden building just south of Ellin- wood's, and his repair shop was conducted by Peter Unger, who afterward established a furniture store, independently, which he still continues. The different boot makers who have held forth in Rochelle are too numer ous to be remembered. Among the first and last, however, was Jacob Fisler. At the time of the first fire, his building stood on the lot where Bain's middle store is located, and as it was separated from Clark & Dana's hy a vacant lot, it escaped destruction. It was then removed to make room for Bain's portion of Union Block. Mr. Fisler sold his shop to S. J. Parker for a harness shop, and moved West. There have been several exclusive boot and shoe establish ments, but George L. Howe's was the first successful one. He opened, during the latter part of the war, in the firm of Covell & Howe. They were located in a wooden building on the Rae lot ; but, on dissolution, Mr. Howe went into the middle store of the Union Block, where he was burned out in 1870. He is now located in Turkington & Hilb's Block. Robert Anglemire opened in the same trade, and his successor, Joseph Craft, continues, in Shockley's Block. The pioneer harness maker of Lane was Delos A. Baxter, who opened in a portion of the present Rochelle House. He afterward enlarged the building ; took a few boarders and at last developed the house into a regular hotel, called the Baxter House, but having sold out, he managed to get into the harness trade again. After Mr. Baxter's retirement, the name was changed to the Rochelle House, and during the following years underwent many changes of proprietors, who met with various phases of success in pleasing the pubhc. In 1871, however, Mr. GHiomas W. Mills assumed control of the house and con tinued to manage it until April, 1875. Until 1876, it was kept by John Collar, followed by J. S. Patchin, and is now continued by Hines & Wilson. S. J. Parker & Brother have also been in the harness business for a great many years. The first meat market in Lane was kept by M. J. Woodward in a little shanty west of Wade's pump factory. His slaughtering was often done in the street, we are informed, in front of his market. Mr. Elijah Taylor had a mar ket at quite an early day and held forth for several years, in a little shop on the Comstock corner. He is now located between Main and Washington, on the north side of Cherry street. HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. 521 John Dowling^s tailor shop, in the Werner building, was a feature of Lane. In 1860, Elijah Scott started a planing-mill, in connection with a lumber yard, on the lots north of Byington & Northup's establishment. This was the first mill in Lane. In a few years afterward, Scott went out of the business, and made way for John W. Cook. Cook, when he first came to town, lived in the house now occupied by Mr. P. Lyon, and the barn on the alley was used as a sort of machine shop. He had two or three wood lathes, and a few other machines, which were run by horse power. As his business extended, he determined to move down town, and he located on the corner where Horton's carriage factory now stands. Cook put in a planer, a circular saw, a fine iron lathe, besides several wood lathes, and at the time he was burnt out, in 1866, was enjoying a good business. The foundry was started by John Rae & Co., in 1865. This firm was dis solved after a short time, and, when Cook's planing-mill was destroyed, the new firm of Byington & Simons erected an addition to the foundry building, putting in a planing machine, saws, and iron and wood lathes. George F. Northup purchased a half interest, some years ago, and"^ the concern, under Byington & Northup, is now in a very flourishing condition. Albert Byington, who was a member of the original firm, is quite a successful inventor, having patented several little devices that are very extensively manufactured. A grist-mill was started in Lane, about eighteen years ago, by Miller & Jarvis, in what was once a school house, the first building south of the Presby terian Church. Mr. Jarvis did not remain long in the mill, but it was man aged by J. T. Miller for several years alone, when he finally sold to A. S. Cox, and Pierce 0. Himebaugh was made head miller. The present mill was erected about twelve years ago by Cox, Himebaugh & Co., Mr. Cox having formed a partnership with the brothers F. F. and P. C. Himebaugh. The firm subse quently became Himebaugh & Brother, then F. F. Himebaugh, and is now A. S. Cox & Co. William Slaughter was blacksmithing in'Lane many years ago. He erected the Comstock building, which was merely boarded up, battened and painted a coarse red. Here he worked at his trade for a few years, but finally sold to John N. Comstock, who fitted it up for a billiard hall. Tom Skelton was also an early blacksmith. About eighteen years ago, the old building on the corner north from the Craft warehouse was built by George and Theodore Minkler. Before it was fairly completed, a bowling alley was arranged in the basement, and, goon after, a billiard hall above. The hall was purchased by John N. Comstock, and occu pied by him until his death, when it passed into the hands of his brother, the present proprietor. Enoch Hinckley & Son established the first bank in Lane about 1860. Subsequently E. T. Hunt & Co., with W. B. Lewis as manager, were engaged in the same business. Mr. Lewis became the head of the firm and sold oUt to I. M. Mallery. Mr. Mallery went into the banking business about sixteen years ago, in the store now occupied by Mr. S. Dawson. From this banking house the Rochelle National Bank was organized, Mr. Mallery being President, and his old bookkeeper, John T. Miller, Cashier. The present officers are : Mortimer D. Hathaway, President ; Isaac N. Perry, Cashier. It is located in the brick block facing east. Two national banks were chartered in 1872, the other being the First National, of which M. T. Ellenwood was elected Presi dent and John C. Phelps, Cashier. This bank, which has been located in 522 HISTORY OF OGLB COUNTY. Meyer's building, will soon remove to new quarters in Bain's Opera Block. The present President is Peter Smith ; J. T. Miller, Cashier. Otto Wettstein dates his establishment from the year 1858. He was in the little building occupied by E. A. Hinckley as a meat market, then located on north side of Cherry street. Mr. Wettstein had this building moved to its present location, but afterwards moved to his present substantial storeroom. His jewelry store is very elegant. Another fine feature of Rochelle is its press. The office of the Register is not excelled among the country offices in the West. It will be referred to in a chapter on that subject. Longenecker & Shinkel commenced in the general trade here about eighteen years ago. They were first located in the Flinn building, and when the two stores west of Turkington's block, on Cherry street, were built, in 1863, they moved into the store now occupied by Otto Wettstein. They remained there until the double store east of it was built, a few years later, and in the Fall of 1871 they made a third move, to the brick block facing east. The firm was dissolved in 1872, and are now of the firms of C. 0. Longenecker and I. Shin kel & Co. Miss M. K. Minier was here at quite an early day, conducting the millinery business. Her first rooms were in a part of the John Jones building, and her establishment was about the first one of the kind in Lane. She is still in the trade, over Perry & Todd's store. About, eleven years ago, the firm of Rice, Smart & Rowe opened a store in the old building that stood just south of Ellenwood's corner before the fire. They sold out to W. K. Williams & Co., who continued until within a few years. Perry Brothers, from Aurora, began business in 1871. Mr. George Loomis soon became a partner, but was replaced by Mr. Isaac Shinkel, and the firm is at present Perry & Todd. The Malleable Iron Works were erected here in 1876, by Lane, Barber k Co., at the eastern edge of town, where much work has been done, though it is temporarily suspended. At present writing, March, 1878, the Bain Opera House Block is just being completed. It is a three-story brick edifice, with slate roof and all the modern improvements. It is situated at the southeast corner of the crossing of Washington and Brice streets, and when finished will be the finest building in Rochelle, and an elegant resort for all amusement seekers. Besides the business houses mentioned, there are the new drug store of Hartong & Butterfield; R. H. Atwater, restaurant; E. Gardner, auctioneer; John Jones, billiard hall, etc.; E. Taylor, meat market; M. Cohen, clothing; F. C. Ward, news depot ; Lorenzo Hoadley, meat market ; Beagle Bros., meat market; Mrs. E. A. Hinckley, millinery; May & Monroe, farm machinery; A. H. Fields, butter and eggs ; Anton Meyer, bakery ; John Rae, fruit and confectionery ; E. Hilb, clothing ; E. L. Thomas, jewelry ; E. H. Reynolds, music store ; James 0. McConaughy, real estate agent ; William E. Wade, pump factory ; Milne & Loomis, lumber and coal ; George Addy, butter and eggs ; Budlong & Miller, brewery ; Joseph Parker, books, stationery and gro ceries ; S. J. Parker & Bro., harness ; Miles J. Braiden, lumber ; Wightman & Lee, dentistry; A. B. Elmer, dentistry; Peck & Brink, wagoners; Z. C. Raymond, cooper; E. B. Blackman, wagoner; A. F. DeCamp, tailor; E. McGinness, tailor ; W. II. Way, painter ; S. D. Reynolds, patentee of piano mover and road dresser ; John G. Carson, photographer ; W. J. Hope, tailor ; HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. 523 William Patterson, painter; E. F. Brownell, flour and feed; Mrs. Marshall, millinery ; John C. Phelps, general merchant ; H. G. Fuller, dining rooms ; Michael Flinn, saloon and billiard hall ; M. Farry, saloon ; John Moss, barber ; WiUiam Scott, barber ; Rudolph Heideklang, saloon ; Kofer & Goodmunson, cobblers ; Hakes & Self, blacksmiths, and others. One of the earliest representatives of the legal profession in Lane was Henry M. Miller. A man named Mott was also here at an early day, and Abe Adams sometimes expounded the law when he had no carpenter work. In the early days, an old lady named Peggy Burns, of considerable local celebrity, lived in an old shanty south of the railroad. She gained support, chiefly, by stealing wood and selling whisky. Her hovel was finally burned and the incendiaries were arrested and fined fifteen dollars each. Dr. D. W. C. Vaile began the practice of medicine here soon after the advent of the railroad and was among the first here in that profession. Dr. Henry Reed came about 1857, and Dr. Pratt a year later. The latter died here, as did also Dr. S. B. Reed, who came soon after. Dr. W. W. Gould, of the homeopathic school, came about eighteen years ago. Dr. D. Lichy and Dr. J. F. Marsh came more recently. Among the first town lots fenced and improved for residence purposes was the old place of Mr. A. Harlow. A. S. Hoadley built a house the same year, 1854, on the corner opposite the Brackett House, east. The Elmore House, bnUt by Isaac Ross ; the house just below the "Chicago & Iowa, south of Brack ett' s, built by J. R. Hotaling; J. M. May's house, built by J. B. Barber; and the Stiles House, which was removed to make room for Wade's pump factory, were all built the same Summer as the two above. During the next year, 1855, a house was erected by J. M. McConaughy, now occupied by his widow ; an other by Thomas Padgett, now occupied by Mr. J. Storm ; the old Bird house, west of Ellenwood & Scranton's ; the Capt. Humbertstone house, now occupied by Mrs. Moulton ; and the little brick house near the Chicago & Iowa Railroad, owned by Patrick Kelly. From that time residences began to multiply so rap idly that it is impossible to make any record of them. A few years since, M. J. Braiden erected an elegant residence, costing |10,000, which was burned within a year after its completion. Costly mansions have also been erected by Dr. Vaile, Angus Bain, M. D. Hathaway and others. Rochelle has many residences that take high rank in the completeness and gen eral elegance of their architectural design. On the establishment of a post office at Hickory Grove, Hiram Spaulding was appointed Postmaster, and the office was located south of the river and called " Story." It was then moved a mile north at what is now called Col. Maj's Corners, and kept by Alba 0. Hall. D. B. Stiles next managed the mails and had an office in his store. On the election of Buchanan, in 1856, J. B. Barber received the appointment and held the office until in 1861, when C. B. Boyce became Postmaster. He was followed, in 1869, by Major Hotaling, the present incumbent. The first Station Agent for the old Galena & Chicago Union Road was Willard P. Flagg. Two or three others intervened between him and D. D. Cul ver, who held the position for a number of years, when he resigned and gave place to James C. Overhiser, who was followed by the present Agent, W. H. Pratt. Religious. — The Presbyterian Church was the first erected, and the first pastor was Rev. S. N. Evans. Mr. Evans, while walking on the open com mon near the present school house, in a thunder shower, on the 30th of Sep- 524 HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. tember, 1858, was struck by a bolt of lightning and killed instantly. Rev. Mr. McCrea succeeded to the pastorate, and after him came that ever popular man and minister. Rev. S. H. Weller. Mr. Weller having accepted a call from the Presbyterian Church at Mendota, about eight years ago, the church here was without any regular pastor till early in 1872, when Rev. T. M. Wilson accepted their call. He was followed by Rev. Israel Brundage. The new Presbyterian Church was commenced in the Spring of 1874, and completed the following year. It is believed to be the finest church edifice in Ogle County, and cost $16,000. The Methodist house was not erected till a year or two after the first Pres byterian Church, and their meetings were held in the basement for a long time after they had commenced building, as the upper part was not completed. The pastorate of the Methodist society embraces a more extensive list, and we can recall the names of the Revs. Nate, Hanna, Brookins, Plum, Paige, Cochrane, Walker, Youngs, Fassett, Strout and Cramb. Rev. A. W. Paige was a man of superior ability ; and the ringing, off-hand speeches he occasionally made at war meetings and other political gatherings will be recalled by many. The present pastor is Rev. 0. F. Matteson, who was preceded by Rev. G. R. Vanhorne, now of Dixon. The Baptist Church was' erected in 1868, Rev. Mr. Youngs being the first pastor, and Rev. S. Monroe Hubbard and James Carnes his next successors. They have no regular pastor at present. A Catholic Church was commenced quite a long time ago, but has been completed only a few years. The Catholic Priest at present is Rev. Father Edward and the church is in a very prosperous condition. When the Presbyterian denomination began the erection of their new church, the Universalist Society purchased the old one and moved it on to a lot donated by Messrs. Rae, Gardner and Hilb. The Universalist Society was organized by D. N. Calkins, M. D. Hathaway, I. N. Perry, A. S. Hoadley and others, about 1870, and until 1874, meetings were held in Shockley's Hall. D. M. Reed, of Rockford, then preached here at regular intervals, since then there has been only occasional preaching. Schools. — The first school in Flagg was held in Jefferson Grove in an old log cabin near Jeptha Noe's. The first teacher was Miss Mary Rathbun, and the total attendance was less than a dozen, of which we give the complete list: Harris Rathbun, Dolly Rathbun (now Mrs. R. H. Beers), David Rathbun, Sally Rathbun, Stacy Rathbun, Mandy Wright (now Mrs. Daniel Grimes), R. Z. Noe, Julia Ann Cochrane (late Mrs. A. S. Hoadley), Oscar M. Lake and Mary Noe. Their schools, like all others in early days, was supported by pri vate and voluntary subscriptions made by parents whose children attended, and not by fund raised for that purpose by general taxation. There was no school at Hickory Grove till several years after this at Jefferson, and the first one taught within the present limits of Rochelle was in a little log cabin near the old Bartholomew building by the river. Miss Maranda Weeks (now Mrs. Con stant N. Reynolds) was the first teacher, and among the few attendants at this seat of learning and others in the early times were Oscar M. Lake, Simeon. Reynolds, Maria Bartholomew (late Mrs. Isaac Ross), Joseph Hawthorne (now of Oregon, but then living at Bartholomew's), Tupper Reynolds, Martha Rey nolds, "Dolph" Steele, "Joe" Grimes, Alanson McComb (the murderer of Laura Harvey, and hung for the crime at Ottumwa, Iowa), Perry Fulton, George Fulton, Lovice Fulton (now Mrs. C. C. Bennett), "Bink." Marr, Simeon Chester (nephew of the old gentleman of same name), " Billy " Steele, Joe HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. 525 Steele and others. After Mr. Cochrane had moved down from Jefferson Grove to Mr. Flagg's, the idea of tearing down a portion of his old log cabin and changing it into a school house was suggested, and Mr. Flagg and Constant Reynolds proceeded to carry this idea into effect ; the logs were soon on the ground selected for the proposed edifice. The whole eastern part of the present site of Rochelle was at that time an unfenced prairie, as we have stated, and they began the erection of their new school house on an open space where Colditz & Williams are now located.- The work progressed rapidly and it was soon completed, but it did not answer the anticipations of its builders, and they became so disgusted with it that they tore it down and dragged the logs over to Mr. Flagg's, where they were transformed into an out-building of some kind. This ended the first attempt to erect a house expressly for school purposes. The school in the Bartholomew cabin was continued until Mr. Elagg donated other logs, and all the men in the neighborhood joined together in the erection of a new building, just west of the solitary oak in an open plat of ground, on the opposite side of the road from Mr. Flagg's old house. Here the school was held until 1854, and among the different teachers in this and the Batholomew cabin, besides the one mentioned, were Miss Julia Ann Cochrane (late Mrs. Hoadley), Miss Huldy Rosencrantz, Miss Amanda Sillsby, a Mr. Christy (an eccentric genius, claiming some knowledge of law), Miss Letty Thompson, Miss Ruth Youngs, and Mr. Oscar A. Hall. In 1854, the year after the completion of the railroad, it became necessary to have a larger and better house, and the building just south of the Presbyterian Church, used for a mill some years ago, was erected. The first teacher in this building was Mr. "Mat." Andrews. Miss Mary J. Miller (who became Mrs. 0. M. Lake) and Miss Alma Saylor succeeded him ; and Miles Ten Eyck, with Mrs. Baldwin as assistant, was the last. In the Summer of 1858, another school house was erected on the present school grounds, and, because of some disagreement and division, school was held during the Winter of 1858-9 in both the old and new buildings, the former taught by Mr. Ten Eyck and the latter by a Mr. Moffatt. A reconciliation was effected before the next term, and the old building was turned over to Jarvis & Miller, the contractors for the new house, who changed it to a grist-mill. The next teacher in this new building, after Mr. Moffat, was Mr. Merrill, who was assisted by Mrs. Baldwin ; but the attendance increased very rapidly, and at the time of the destruction of this building by the fire of April 7, 1869, six teachers were employed, besides the Principal. John W. Lowell succeeded Mr. Merrill, but left for the war in 1861, where he received an officer's commission. His successors in the school, down to the time of the fire, were : Mr. Baker, a thorough scholar and a severe, yet successful, disciplinarian ; Mr. W. L. S. Bayley ; W. H. V. Raymond, afterward Superintendent of the Cairo city schools ; J. Thompson Long ; Prof McClintock ; 0. W. Garrison, for a short time ; W. B. Howe, in charge for several terms ; Prof A. J. Blanchard, who conducted the school for four years, and is now at Sycamore. Among the assistant instructors were Misses Ruth, Jane and Lydia Youngs, and Mr. E. Brown, afterward Principal of the Rockford schools. While the. present edifice was being erected, in 1869, the schools were conducted by Prof Blanchard in rooms down town, leased for the purpose. The Professor was a hard worker. While there, he gave a long series of dramatic entertainments, and with the proceeds bought a piano, a large number of pictures, and other furniture for the school rooms, and paid for the fence surrounding the building. This school edifice is a brick structure of three stories, besides a good basement, contains 526 HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. ten good-sized rooms and a large hall for public exercises, is furnished in the most complete manner throughout, and surrounded with beautiful grounds and shade trees. Its total cost was nearly forty thousand dollars. It was built in accordance with designs furnished by Mr. G. P. Randall, the Chicago architect. The instructors, in 1872, were Prof P. R. Walker, Principal, assisted by Misses Carrie E. Kershaw, S. E. Robinson, M. J. Levington, M. M. Caldwell, Libbie Bird, Ada E. Scranton and Clara Vaile. Those at present are : Prin cipal, P. R. Walker ; assistants. Misses E. Smith, Sarah Robinson, Josephine Waite, Fannie Cunningham, Stonehouse, Stratford, Steele, Belle Young and Clara Vaile. They will graduate a class of more than twenty this year. There is now an enrollment of 521. LODGES. Hickory Grove Lodge, No. 2-30, I. 0. 0. F., was instituted on the 2l8t day of May, 1857, with J. B. Barber as Noble Grand, and John F. Nettleton as Vice Grand. Their meetings were held in Republican Hall till December, 1858, when they removed to their own hall, over Clark & Dana's drug store. This hall was destroyed by the fire of December 27, 1860, and rebuilt again the next year, when they again established themselves in it. Their hall was swept away again in the conflagration of 1870, and their meetings have since been held in Masonic Hall. At the time of the last fire, they had their lodge room fitted up in magnificent style, and their losses were estimated at $700. Though twice burned out, and losing all their lodge property each time, the Order is still in a very flourishing condition. The present officers are : J. N. Willis, N. G. ; A. J. Bird, V. G. ; Charles Jaque, R. S. ; John Rice, P. S. ; M. T. Ellinwood, Treas. Regular meetings on Thursday evenings. Horicon Lodge, No. 24.4., A. F. ^ A. M. — The Masonic brethren were not far behind, and on the 3d of June, 1857, and less than two weeks after the establishment of the Odd Fellows, Horicon Lodge, No. 244, was organized under dispensation from Grand Lodge. Their charter was obtained on the 7th of October, 1857, D. A. Baxter, EI. H. Frisbie and H. Burlingim being charter members. The Grand Lodge appointed D. A. Baxter, Worshipful Master; H. H. Frisbie, Senior Warden ; H. Burlingim, Junior Warden. Upon organ ization, A. Chamberlin was elected Senior Deacon ; W. G. Copeland, Junior Deacon ; Thos. A. Hill, Tyler. Present officers : D. A. Baxter, W. M. ; H. R. May, S. W. ; G. W. Turkington, J. W. ; C. H. Rathbun, Sec. ; E. Hilb, Treas. ; Frank Ladd, S. D. ; A. Hilb, J. D. ; Chas. Reed, S. S. ; J. A. Brundage, J. S. ; B. E. Mcllwain, Tiler. Masonic Hall, over the corner brick, is very handsomely furnished, and the Lodge is of course prospering. Stated communications on the evenings of the first and third Tuesdays of each month. Rochelle Chapter, No. 158, R. A. M., was organized in 1873, and received its dispensation from the Grand Chapter on January 6 of that year. The present officers are : II. H. Glenn, M. E. H. P. ; Angus Bain, E. K. ; James Smith, E. S. ; Frank Barker, Secy. ; M. J. Braiden, Treas. ; R. W. Sackett, C. H. ; C. H. Rathbun, P. S. ; F. B. Coon, R. A. C. ; Merritt, Miller, G. M. 3d Veil*; E. Hilb, G. M. 2d Veil ; F. H. Ladd, G. M. 1st Veil; D. A. Baxter and A. J. Elder, Stewards ; A. Hilb, Tyler. Union Lodge, No. 1£8, I. 0. G. T., was organized in 1863. Their meet ings were at first held in Odd Fellows', afterward in Masonic Hall, from whence they moved to their own hall. Before the fire of December 10, 1870, they leased the hall situated over the place of the Reform Reading Room, and fitted it up with a great deal of richness and elegance, and their loss in the fire was HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. 527 quite extensive. On being burned out, they returned to their old quarters over Mallery's. Lodges Nos. 280 and 307 were organized after this Lodge ceased to act. The latter continued until the organization of the Reform Red Ribbon Club. This association was the result of a temperance movement in Rochelle for which Mr. Reynolds lectured two or three evenings, and a membership of 250 was obtained. Five hundred dollars was raised by subscription to pay the room rent of their free reading room, which is a pleasant room in Hathaway's Building. In the back part is a smoking and coifee room, which is carried on by Wm. Bailey, who also has charge of the reading room. The present officers of the society are : Charles Rathbun, President ; E. Taylor, George Baldwin and John R. Steele, Vice Presidents ; Charles Shawley, Secretary ; Isaac Shinkel, Financial Secretary ; F. N. Perry, Treasurer. There are several other societies in Rochelle in a flourishing condition, among them the Patriotic Order Sons of America, Fire and Hose Company, The Rochelle Anti-Horse Thief Association, and others. TOWNSHIP ORGANIZATION. The Township of Flagg was named, and its first town meeting took place at Flag Centre, on the 2d day of April, 1850. At this first meeting. Sterling Blackman was Moderator ; John Chubback, Clerk, and the following officers were elected; Supervisor, Ira Overacker ; Town Clerk, Hiram Leonard; Assessor, A. D. Clark ; Collector, Enos Smith ; Poor Master, George Steele ; Constables, S. D. Reynolds, J. M. Jewell : Justices of the Peace, Sterling Blackman, J. P. Randall ; Commissioners of Highways, C. D. Biggers, Dr. E. Squires, John Fisher; Overseers of Highways, Garret Ackerson, Enoch Fossbinder, Mills Stewart, Thomas Fisher, Cornelius Dusenberry. The town meetings and gen eral electiofts were held at Flagg Center till as late as 1859. At the Spring election the year previous, they put the question to vote as usual and for the first time the old settlers at the Center found them selves outnumbered and were forced to surrender the town meetings to the growing railroad town, and they were held at Lane thereafter. The first meet ing here was held at the school house, but for a number of years after they met at 'Squire Hamaker's office, a little wooden building on the site of Turkington's block on Cherry street. The list below gives all the Supervisors, Town Clerks, Assessors, Collect ors and Justices of the Peace elected since 1850, the first year the township was organized. Supervisors. — Ira Overacker, 1850, '54, '55; Sterling Blackman, 1851; Peter Mills, 1852, '53 ; Henry Burlingim, 1856-'58; Willard P. Flagg, 1859, '60, '63, '64 ; Joseph Parker, 1861, '62, '65,-'68 ; Dennard Shockley, 1869 ; Caleb B. Boyce, 1870-'74 ; Miles J. Braiden, 1875-'77. Town Clerks. — Hiram Leonard, 1850, '56 ; Alanson D. Clark, 1851 ; J. H. McLain, 1852, '53; Langford Green, 1854; John R. Hotaling, 1855; Aaron Cass, 1857, '58 ; Geo. E. Turkington, 1859, '75, '76 ; Geo. W. Clark, 1860, '61 ; Jay L. Putnam, 1862 ; Alfred S. Hoadley, 1863, '65, '66, '68'-T2, '74, '77; Willard F. Hoadley, 1864 ;Elbridge L. Otis, 1867; Joseph Parker, 1873. Assessors. — Alanson D.Clark, 1850 ; Constant N. Reynolds, 1851-53, '55, '56 ; Chester Wells, 1854 ; S. L. Bailey, 1857, '58 ; Samuel Hamaker, 1859, '60; J. Storm, 1861; James Rae, 1862; Judson E. Carpenter, 1863; David B. Stiles, 1864, '67-69, '72-'76 ; W^illiam Segner. 1865 ; Cornelius Dusen berry, 1866; Angus Bain, 1870, '77 ; George H. Parks, 1871. 528 HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. Collectors. — Enos Smith, 1850 ; J. M. Jewell, 1851 ; Brinckley Pierce, 1852, '53 ; Jesse McLain, 1854 ; S. D. Reynolds, 1855 ; Oscar M. Lake, 1856 -58, '64, '65; Joseph Jones, 1859; William Mcllvaine, 1860; Samuel Hamaker, 1861 ; Willard F. Hoadley, 1862 ; William Halsey, 1863 ; Jacob Fisler, 1866 ; William Bailey, 1867 ; Jeremiah B. Barber, 1868 ; James F, Millfer, 1869 ; William H. Claytor, 1870 ; Joseph Parker, 1871 ; Delos A. Baxter, 1872 ; John Delaney, 1873 ; D. A. Elmore, 1874 ; Michael Wheeler, 1875; C. C. Bennett, 1876; Wm. J. Smart, 1877 (deceased, A. J. Bird appointed to fill vacancy.) Justices of the Peace. — Sterling Blackman, James P. Randall, 1850-'53; James P. Randall, Alfred S. Hoadley, 1854-57 ; Samuel Hamaker, Samuel L. Bailey, 1858-'61 ; Gerritt H. Pierce, John Collier, 1862-'65 ; Alfred S. Hoadley, William Scott, 1866-'69 ; Alfred S. Hoadley, James F. Miller, 1870, '71 ; Calvin C. March, 1872 ; Alfred S. Hoadley, Calvin C. March, 1873-77; Other officers at present are : Constables. — C. H. Dawson and George Youker. Commissioners of Highways. — D. H. Tunison, Wm. Slaughter and George Ambrose. At the town meeting in 1866, an appropriation of $3,000 for building of a Town Hall was passed, but as strong opposition to the measure was afterward developed, nothing more was done in the matter than to purchase the Bird property, west of Ellinwood & Scranton's, which now belongs to the town. The village of Lane was incorporated by act of the General Assembly on the 22d of February, 1861. The legislative power was vested in a Board of Trustees, consisting of five members, who elected their own President. The first Board consisted of Enoch Hinckley, David C. May, Horace Coon, David B. Stiles and Joseph Parker. Mr. Hinckley was President of the Board, and John R. Howlett Clerk. During the session of the Assembly in the Winter of '65-6, a bill was passed amending the charter in several important respects, and changing the name to Rochelle. In obedience to a petition, the Board of Trustees called an election on the 10th of April, 1872, to vote on the question as to whether the town should become incorporated as the " City of Rochelle." It having been decided in the affirmative, another election was held on the 28th of October, 1872, when the first city officers were elected. H. 0. Rogers was the first city Mayor. The present officers are: Mayor, George W. Clark; City Clerk, R. W. Sackett; Treasurer, J. T. Miller; Aldermen, Wm. Stocking, J. Miller, M. T. Ellinwood, S. J. Parker, M. J. Braiden and W. H. Holcomb, the latter of whom has recently resigned. INCENDIARIS.M. The Lynching of Thomas D. Burke. — Rochelle has been visited by three very destructive conflagrations, besides a number of smaller fires. The first and second followed close upon each other, one occurring on the 27th of December, 1860, and the other on the 7th of the next June. By the first fire, nearly aU the business buildings on the west side of Washington street were swept away, and a few months after, the row ()f grain warehouses and elevators, extending from the lot south of the corner brick to the stone house, met the same fate. These events happened in the midst of exciting times. The war had just begun, and while many went forth to meet the armed enemy in the South, the citizens found themselves assailed at home by a secret, lurking incendiary. A man in thorough sympathy with the South had been leading an eccentric life here for some time, and the general suspicion fastened upon him as the guilty party. The measures taken to ferret out the criminal, the evidence secured, and tragic *4" ROCHELLE HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. 531 termination of the affair were all narrated in an extra issue of the Lane Leader, dated June 20, 1861. We submit it to the reader in full as the most complete account of the affair we can give : On the 7th inst., the day on which the la(e fire occurred, a meeting of citizens was held at Republican Hall, for the purpose of taking action in relation to the discovery of the perpetrators, as all felt convinced that the fire had been set by the hand of an incendiary. The result of that meeting was the selection of a committee to ferret out, if possible, the author of the fire and bring him to punishment. A special meeting of the Board of Trustees was held the next Tuesday, and the action of the citizens' meeting was indorsed as far as the selection of the committee was con cerned. The services of a detective, from Bradley's force, Chicago, were secured, and he com menced the job on Tuesday morning of last week. By pretending to be a Southerner, a bitter Secessionist, an agent of Jeff. Davis, and even a robber, he obtained Burke's confidence, the result of which was the owning up by the latter of not only being the originator of both of the recent fires, and designing to burn the town up entirely, but of all kinds of deviltry heretofore committed by him in the course of his life. Matters progressed well until it was feared that Burke might be put on his guard, and leave town, when it was decided to arrest him, which was accordingly done about 3 o'clock Wednesday morning — Sheriff Hughes making the arrest. At 9 o'clock an examination was commenced before Justices Hamaker and Hoadley, and the following evidence was taken. The first witness called upon the stand was the detective who had ingra tiated himself into the confidence of Burke. His name is David W. 'Vandewacker, and his testi mony was as follows : " Acquainted with the prisoner; known him since last Friday, so as to be intimate with him ; saw him first in Taylor's yard ; had conversation with Burke in relation to the burning of warehouses June 7th ; talked with Burke about grain being burnt on Friday ; asked him how much was lost, and he answered didn't know, but thought about 100,000 bushels ; he said that gome boys were suspected of setting it on fire — got drunk and played cards in warehouses, and set it on fire ; my answer was that it was a great loss, and it had better been shipped South, and B. said that was the reason it was burned ; he said the public wasn't aware who burned it ; he was glad of it ; B. asked who I was, and I told him I was one of the ' Let-me-alones ; ' I started away, and he said he had something to say, and called me back ; shook hands, and said he understood it ; and said he wanted to see me again ; and Saturday evening I saw him again in Taylor's barn ; B. told me of his former acts and history, and said that something was going on that he wanted to be belter posted on ; and that him and me were all right ; said there was considerable talk here, and folks suspected him of setting it on fire, and thought I could be of aid to him ; wanted au interview with me on first opportunity ; agreed to meet him next day in grove back of barn ; went there according to agreement, and had a long conversation with him in relation to JeflF. Davis, Beauregard and the South generally. He then began to talk about this fire of June 7th ; said he was strongly suspected of setting it; said he had satisfaction partly of some parties here in town, and calculated to have more. He told me that he must go to the house, but at the next interview he would tell me something that might interest me ; told me to stay in the bushes a little while, as he wanted to go to the barn. He went away, was gone a little while, and came back with a bottle containing about two ' nips ' of whisky ; said he drank whisky once in awhile, but never when he had any business on hand ; wanted to keep his head clear when he had ' work ' ou hand ; parted, finally, with an agreement to meet next day ; met him again Monday morning in the grove ; B. said he had not rested well the night before ; felt somewhat in trouble ; was afraid I might be suspected, and hadn't nothing to cover me from sus picion, and that we had better make a business by dealing in patent rights, whenever any one was around ; supposed I was all right, and felt as though I was his brother, and could talk with me ; told him he needn't tell me anything, except what he thought was all right ; had a cigar partly smoked in my hand that had went out, and and asked him for a match ; B. took a couple out of his pocket, and told me they were ' mates ; ' asked him, ' mates of what ? ' He said, ' mates of the matches that set the warehouses on fire ! " Told him I hardly believed it, aud he said he ' be d— d if it wasn't so ; that he had got to tell somebody, and he didn't know anybody better than me.' He went on then, and told me what he had done; said he went from Taylor's meat market across the lot with some shavings under his coat, and an Abolition paper in his pocket ; went to the corner of Spalding's warehouse, where a piece of board was broken off; said some might think it was broken off by a wagon, or cattle ; put the shavings inside the warehouse through the place where the board was broken off, and also put in the Abolition paper : took a match from his pocket and struck it, and it went out ; took another and struck it, and touched fire to the paper ; then started and went to Taylor's barn, where he (Burke) sleeps ; said when he was going down, he thought if he met any one, not having his knife or pistols, he would do what he could with his fists, as he was a good fighter ; when he got to the barn door, it was light enough so that he could see the latch ; asked him if it was the light of the moon, and he said 'no, it was the light from his work ; ' stayed in the barn until the bells began to ring, aiid then took off his coat and went across to Taylor's house to wake them up, and make them believe he had just woke up from the ringing ofthe bells ; then he ran up the street to where the fire was, and asked some man what he should do and where he should go to work, and so on to another 532 HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. and another, so that all might know that he was at the fire ; asked him if he worked any, and he said he did a little, but against his will ; he loved the taste of the smoke, and wished I had been there to taste it, too. I asked him if he had any partners or watch that night, and he said he never had any partner or watch, but always done his work alone ; said it was the second fire he had set in tbis town, and he be d-^d if he shouldn't set another the first opportunity; the fire did not spread as far as he expected ; thought it would have taken in the rear of the stores on Cherry street, and spread through and across the street; said he had his plan laid to set another fire ; asked him if he had any particular place picked out, and he said he had ; asked him where, and he went on and said that there was a little wooden building adjoining the brick block (Turkington's), where there was a window out and inside a lot of corn husks; intended to come along, light his matches and throw them among the husks, and wanted a good strong south wind ; asked him if / should set the fire, and he said no, there was so much feeling and suspicion against him, he would be hung for it ; asked him if there was any other place where he intended to set ; said there was a red barn near Taylor's (John Fulton's), which he thought some of burning, but there was no chance of its spreading, and would only burn three horses and the contents of "the barn; asked him if he had any particular spite against this man, and he answered nothing, only he was a strong Union man, and the horses couldn't be used against the South ; then he began to talk about De Kalb ; said he would go down there and destroy a great deal of grain and property ; said there was a good chance to destroy property in Beloit ; there were parties there against whom he had a grudge, and he wanted satisfaction ; asked him why he did not go South, and he said he should as soon as he paid one more debt; had paid two; had made them smoke twice, and he be d d if he wouldn't again ; asked me if I had ever heard about some stores that were burned here six or eight months ago ; told him no ; he said he had a d — d nice fire here ; asked him how it was supposed to have taken, and he said from some chemicals in an ambrotype room ; asked him if paper aud shavings had anything to do with that fire ; said no, that he had often worked with a fuse, and that a fuse was a nice thing ; said he could take a brace and bit and bore into a clapboard, light a fuse, put it into the hole, stop it up with a cork, and take a twenty minutes' walk before it was discovered, and then it would run up the studding and break out of the roof; said his last fire operated in much the same way ; ran up the studding and broke out of the roof as soon as any other place. Next time saw him was on Tuesday, at the hotel, when he came in and handed me some papers in relation to patent rights, as a cover, and told me after I had looked them over to come down and see him at the barn. (Witness here presented the papers, deed of patent wire fence, advertisements, etc., and also presented the ' mate ' match.) Went down to the barn, and there he said to me that he hadn't told me all, but was afraid he had told me too much ; hadn't slept well the night before ; had been thinking about traitors, and didn't know but I wEis one ; told hira h« needn't tell me any more; said he hadn't told me the worst; that there was somebody that had got to die! asked him who, and he said it was u G — d d — d w — e's bastard who was living at Taylor's ; asked him what the boy had been doing, and he said that the boy had told him tliat morning that he would like to see him and all the other secessionists dangling in the air ; that the boy had got to be put out of the way soon ; am afraid he will swear against me; asked him how he was going to dispose of him, and he said he had a good double-barreled gun which he should get into shooting order ; asked him when and where he would do it, and he said he would get the boy to go out hunting with him some day ; asked me if I had ever heard of any accident resulting from a gun going off half-cocked ; told him I had, and he said his gun would go off that way, if he wanted it to; asked him if he wasn't afraid he would get caught at it, and he said no ; there was a great many d — n rascals and scoundrels in town, and they were afraid of him, and daren't do anything with him ; went into the barn aud showed me his gun, and just then the boy came along the road, and he (Burke) said there is the d — n scoundrel, and he won't drive that wagon along many more times ; talked over some murder aud robber affairs ; said he had killed three men in Rio Janeiro, and showed some scars of the affray; said he had been in irons and had seen the rope, and if it had been me I couldn't have got out of the scrapes ; said some people thought him crazy, and he tried to have them think he was insane; talked 'slang' with him, whioh he understood; said he was well posted in these things ; said he had commanded steamboats, and had been up the Straits on business which, if known then, would have hung him ; said again he had no partner, but that there was a man in this town who would help him with money on the pinch ; talked with him about a partner I had in the business, and he said, though he was shy of strangers, if any man came recommended by me and gave the right signs, he would recognize him as a brother; thought it wouldn't do to talk secession at all ; he could do it, because they were afraid of him ; strangers wouldn't be permitted to talk it at all ; object in setting fire was to destroy the grain and keep it from the South ; had a grudge against a man who had shaved him out of $10,000 ; that man was Pagett ; another warehouse near the water tank, full of grain, which would help some ; could set it if there was a watch in the building ; prayed to God for a good south wind ; no set time for setting the hardware store, only should do it when the wind was right ; had much general conversation with him, but the above is all bearing upon his case. Burke and I had a trial of nerve by holding weights out at arm's length, and he could beat me a little." HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. 533 We presume to say there was not a person in the hall but was convinced of the guilt of the prisoner after the witness had concluded his testimony. There was an air of truth and sincerity about his manner which, coupled with facts and localities unknown to him, but familiar to our citizens, carried conviction to the hearts of all. Other testimony was taken, however, merely as corroborative of the testimony of Mr. V. Aft^r the case was closed, a call for the reading of the testimony was made, as many had come in who had not heard it. It was accordingly read over to those present, amid exclama tions of surprise and horror, and it took but a glance at the pale and determined faces among the crowd to be satisfied that the prisoner would not be permitted to leave the hall alive. And he was not. Even while the Court were conferring in relation to making out the commitment, and in spite of the orders and exertion of a Deputy who had temporary charge of the prisoner, at fifteen minutes before 1 o'clock his hands were tied behind him, a rope placed about his neck, and he summarily ejected, feet foremost, from a side window in the hall. His fall was easy, and he struggled but once or twice, and ceased to exist. After hanging between one and two hours, he was cut down. Thus ended the life of Thomas D. Burke, who, if we are to beUeve his own confession, ought to have been in the same position years ago. His crimes stand recorded as among the worst in the calendar. He had murdered, he had robbed, he had pre meditated the murder of a young and inoffensive lad ; worse than all, he had twice been guilty of arson (the first time a young man narrowly escaping with his life), destroying property to the amount of thousands of dollars and inciting suspicion and distrust among the entire community. His punishment, though deserved and just, was awful in the extreme. Burke ,was 64 years of age, aud was well known as the inventor of the wire fence used so generally throughout the Northwest. He was a native of Kentucky, held an important office under President Jackson, in Florida, and has boated considerable on the Mississippi. For the last four or five years, he has been a resident of our village, and two years previous, a resident of De Kalb. ^uch was the evidence on which Burke was so summarily sent to his long account, but subsequent developments have raised the question in the minds of many right-minded citizens whether the people were not too hasty in taking the law into their own hands. Strong evidence has since been adduced which goes far to show that the elevator fire at least was not the work of Burke. The Justices before whom the trial began were Samuel Hamaker and Enoch Hoadley. From an interview with Mr. Hoadley we learn that Mr. Burke denied everything, and that he had no counsel until the latter part of the trial. Mr. Hoadley says that when a rope was presented he thought it was for the purpose of frightening him; many of the people had gone home to dinner, including the County Sheriff, John A. Hughes, leaving the prisoner in charge of a Deputy, Mr. Haight. When the mob began to make violent demonstrations, Mr. Haight went out for help, leaving the prisoner with the mob. The rope was quickly placed around his neck, and Mr. Hoadley attempted to get it off, but was struck back and led away. Mr. Burke was thrown out of the northern window on the west side of the room, now used as a Masonic Hall, in the third story of the brick block on the corner of Cherry and Washington streets, and was left hanging there some hours, during which time it rained. Some of the participants were indicted by the Grand Jury, and prosecuted by Judge Eustace, of Dixon, but were cleared by the jury. In this account we have expressed no opinion, but have endeavored to give the facts as they were stated to the writer. The third great fire occurred on the 10th of December, 1870, and made a clean sweep of everything from Turkington & Hilb's block north to Ellinwood & Scranton's corner, including the building on the latter place at the time. The total loss was estimated at $55,000. It was all rebuilt the following Sum mer and Autumn, the whole ground being covered with a continuous row of brick stores, which, for elegance and durability, are rarely equaled in a city of the same size. The building of the three railroads which pass through Rochelle will be referred to in a chapter on that subject. 534 HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. The business houses, residences and schools of Rochelle are of a superior character, unexcelled in the county, and every apparent indication of its future points to a continued prosperity and rapid growth. MOUNT MORRIS. The Rock River Register, No. 1, Vol. 1, published January 1, 1842, by Jonathan Knodle, contains the following : Mt. Morris was well founded in the Spring of 1841 [1839], and it is now already found, when not yet ten months old, to hold 282 souls, inclusive of the students and teachers at Rock River Seminary, which dignifies the center of the village. This day, January 1, 1842, the citi zens number 137, and the town consists of twenty-one houses. Mt. Morris is five miles west of Oregon City, in the same county, and eiofhty miles west of Chicago. It is handsomely situated on one of the most beautiful and extraordinarily fertile prairies which distinguish Illinois, and especially the Rock River region, for abundance and excellence of agricultural productions. It is named in honor of Bishop Morris, of the M. B. Church. Starting a newspaper under such circumstances, in a wild and sparsely set tled country, was a hazardous experiment at best. But Mr. Knodle doubtless trusted to the enterprise and energy of his Maryland friends and colonists for the rapid development of Mount Morris. In the Summer of 1836, Samuel M. Hitt and Nathaniel Swingley came to the site of Mt. Morris and made several claims, including the present village site. They returned to Maryland in the Autumn of that year to make prepara tions for removing to this country. Early in the Spring of the following year, they arrived at a vacant cabin in Fridley's Grove, which had been occupied by Judge Ford. They brought Eli Householder, Daniel Stover, William McDaniel and Mrs. Elizabeth Ankeny, with their families, also Frederick Finkbohnar, Adam and John Stover, Balka Niehoff, and a few others. This did not constitute the main portion of the Maryland colony proper, which arrived one or two years later. When they came, in the Spring of 1837, John Phelps, who was the original pioneer of this vicinity, lived on his old farm, about two and a half miles east ; Mr. Baker had a cabin and claim about four miles south by east, now owned by Daniel Price ; David Worden lived a mile and one-half southwest of the village site, and one or two other settlers skirted the edges of the woods, but leaving the broad prairie free from the encroachment of civilization. The first Maryland colony remained in the "Ford " cabin for two weeks, cooking on a stove which had been brought by Mrs. Ankeny (who was a sister of Nathaniel Swingley), and sleeping on "wagoner beds," which consisted of plain mattresses, rolled up during the day and spread over the upper or garret floor at night. As soon as possible, these pioneers began the erection of their cabins. The flrst one to be built was a double log cabin, about three-quarters of a mile south by west of the present village, on the claim of Mrs. Ankeny. In this lived the families of Mrs. Ankeny and Mr. Householder, in one part, and Messrs. Stover and McDaniel in the other. The former half of this house is still standing on the land of William Watts, near its original location, while the other portion was afterward moved down in the grove near a spring, but has since been torn away. After remaining here for two years, Mr. Householder moved about six miles south of Mt. Morris, to the farm, where he still resides. Messrs. Daniel Stover and William McDaniel lived in the cabin referred to until the Fall of that year, when they moved to their claims. Mr. Stover afterward died in this vicinity, and Mr. McDaniel still lives on his farm near Pine Creek. HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. 535 Mr. Finkbohnar moved north, to Adebne. 'Squire Samuel M. Hitt settled about three miles west of Mount Morris with his family, including Margaret, Andrew, Robert, George, John W. and Joseph. 'Squire Hitt died on his original farm in 1859. His sons Joseph and John W. now reside in Mount Morris. Captain Nathaniel Swingley took up the claim of the farm now owned by Jacob Keedy, and resided there until, in 1850, he went to California, where he remained three years ; he then returned and located at Creston, Dement Town ship, where he still resides. Solon Crowell was, at the time of their arrival, on the farm a mile north, now occupied by Franklin Stonebraker. September 3, 1836, Jacob Rice, Sr., and family left Washington County, Maryland, to seek a home in the West. He wintered in Ohio with his brother- in-law, John Wagner, who in the following Spring accompanied him on horseback to look up a location. Claims were made within three miles of Mount Morris, and their families, consisting of twelve children each, brought on that Summer, July, 1837. Both of these pioneers died on the farms they had made, which are now owned respectively by Isaac Rice and Reuben Wagner, their sons. Many of their descendants are still residents in this vicinity. In the Fall of 1837, Rev. T. S. Hitt and wife left Ohio in a carriage, to examine the new country of which Samuel M. Hitt, a brother, had written such a favorable description. Mr. Hitt was a Methodist minister, and had in view the continuance of that work. On arrival here, in September, Mr. Hitt went into the house which Martin Reynolds, a brother-in-law, was then completing, on the site of Professor Pinckney's present residence. Mr. Hitt soon pur chased a claim of 1,000 acres, 100 of which were broken, for $2,500, of a Mr. Painter, two and a half miles south. He, however, soon moved to the claim which his brother, Samuel, had reserved for him, and where he lived until his death, September 23, 1872. Mrs. Emily Hitt now resides on the same farm, a portion of which is included in the village. In the following Spring, John Wallace, Sr., built a cabin on his claim, a mile north of Mr. Reynolds'. Messrs. Reynolds and Wallace married sisters of the Hitts, and came from Ohio, stopping for a time at Ottawa. Mr. Worden returned to New York, his former home, after a few years, and Mr. Reynolds also removed to La Salle County, Illinois. Mr. Wallace lived a half mile north of town until the time of his death. In the Spring of 1838, at the solicitation of "'Squire" Samuel Hitt and "Captain" Nathaniel Swingley, who had returned for their families, a large number of families, known as the Maryland Colony, came to this vicinity. They soon separated, some going to Carroll County and other places. Among these families were the Hers, Etnyres, Sprechers, Michael Bovey, John Smith. May 24, 1838, A. Q. Allen, Philip Sprecher and John S. Miller arrived, overland in a carriage, from Maryland. Others came in 1838 and later, and many of their names cannot now be recalled. Among them came John Coff man and family, Henry Artz, Michael Brantner, Solomon Nalley and family, Henry Sharer and others. Mr. and Mrs. Philip Sprecher are still living in Mount Morris, upward of eighty years of age; Mr. Coffman still resides within two miles southwest of the village, on his old farm ; Mr. Artz resides three and a half miles southeast of the village; Mr. Brantner lives four miles west of town ; Mr. Nalley lives five miles north of town. In September, 1 837, John Fridley purchased Mr. Ford's cabin and claim 536 HISTORY OF OGLB COUNTY. for $1,000, where he continued to live until the time of his death. The farm is now owned by his sons. Among other early settlers were Caleb Marshall, who came in 1838, and died on the farm where Reuben Marshall now resides. John McFarland, of the Maryland Colony, built one of the first houses in the village. John Ankeny, who had settled at Elkhorn Grove soon after the Blackhawk war, moved here in order to educate his children, and built a house in town. Dr. James J. Beatty, from Maryland, was the earliest physician. He died on the plains, while en route for California, in 1851. Mr. Bond took up a claim near Oregon about 1837, but soon sold out to Eli Thomas, and moved to another locition, north of Mount Morris. Mr. Clement moved here, from Grand Detour, to educate his daughter. As one old settler expressed it, "The Maryland people have never ceased coming." In 1842, A. Q. Allen returned with his newly-married wife, together with Henry A. Neff, Bartholomew and Benjamin McNutt and Jacob Heistand, with their families and the mother and sister of the latter. In 1845, came Frank Hamilton, Benjamin Swingley, Messrs. Sharer, Snively and others. The first birth in the village was that of John R. Petrie, son of F. G. Petrie, about 1840. The first burial in the cemetery' was a little daughter of Nathaniel Swingley. THE VILLAGE. D. Fletcher Hitt, now of Ottawa, then a young man, came out with his brother Samuel in 1838, as surveyor, and laid off many claims and the semi nary appropriation. He surveyed a portion of the village plat in 1839. It was afterward discovered that, in making the survey, he had used a chain which was eight-tenths of a foot too long, and the corporate authorities ordered a resurvey of the town, which was made by A. Q. Allen, February 22, 1875, to correspond with the one made by Fletcher Hitt. The "Railroad Addition" to Mount Morris was made by Robert R. Hitt, M. Emory Hitt and Emily Hitt, April 17, 1872; of " Stroh's Addition," the date was not recorded on the plat. Three quarter-sections had been donated for the use of the Seminary, as shown in the history of that institution in another portion of this work, and the Board of Trustees of that institution on the 29th day of December, 1840, voted that lots be donated to all applicants applying until the 1st of June following, "who shall build a house of stone, brick or frame, not less than 16 by 24 feet, li stories high, to be fit for occu pancy 1st of January, 1842, or sooner, J. Clark and T. S. Hitt to designate the lots donated and specify the terms." The time during which such dona tions might be made was afterward extended. By this liberal action of the Trustees, any man who desired a village lot could have it " without money and without price," provided he would build a house on it and, presumably, occupy the premises. Messrs. Clark and Hitt ruled that every alternate lot might be thus donated. In the Spring of 1839, James B. McCoy came from Maryland to the Maryland settlement with a view to contracting for the erection of the Semi nary, and, having obtained the contract, erected the old seminary building in 1839-40. In April, 1841, he married Mrs. Elizabeth Ankeny. Mrs. Ankeny's two children, Nathaniel A. Ankeny and Ann M., now Mrs. William Watts, still reside in this vicinity. HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. 537 In 1839, Mr. McCoy built the first house within the limits of Mt. Morris, in which to board his laborers. This, in 1841, he moved south, near the pres- sent site of Mrs. McCoy's brick residence. The building was again moved, and is at present the fourth house south of Mrs. McCoy's, and is occupied' by William Foulke. Mr. McCoy died at his residence January 14, 1871. The second building (except the Seminary) was erected by Rev. John Sharp, in 1840, as a barn ; but as living room was in great demand, it was partitioned into two rooms and occupied by Rev. Philo Judson and family, in one half, while Frederick Petrie lived in the other portion. This was after ward finished up and moved to Front street, due east of and on the same block with the store of Lookabaugh & Middour, and has been transformed into the residence of M. T- Rohrer. In 1841, a post office was established at Mount Morris, and Rev. John Sharp was appointed Postmaster. Previous to this date, the nearest post office was at Oregon. Mr. Sharp was succeeded by his son-in-law, Frederick G. Petrie. After him, followed, for a short time, Hiram Beard ; then John Ankeny for many years ; he was succeeded by B. G. Stevens, followed by Edward Davis, and then Frederick B. Brayton, who has held that position for seventeen years, and is the present Postmaster. John Martin built the third house, in 1840, after which the houses sprang up so rapidly that it is impossible to name them in the order of their erection. Mr. Martin's residence was situated on the lot now occupied by Andrew New comer's store room, in the northeastern part of town. The state of the village on January 1, 1842, has already been given by the quotations from the Rock River Register, from which it appears that at that time there were twenty-one houses in the town. The second number of that paper invited its patrons to furnish occasional "original communications," saying : We have among our patrons here, as we have already been informed, in the brief space of our residence in Ogle County, writers who are capable of Hill-ing off "matters and things in general," in such an interesting manner as to please "all manner" of readers ; that we may expect evidence of some very Sharp pens, and that the necessary Artz will not fail us in our efforts to treat our readers handsomely. Upon the whole, we Judge that we can &f-Ford our readers complete satisfaction. The Register had an agent in Washington County, Maryland. S. Cumins, Esq., of Grand Detour, was announced as its agent at that place. Another item among those of the first few numbers which have been preserved by Mr. Knodle's brother, Samuel, is interesting now, when a living deer would be a curiosity in this region : The extent to which David Mumma, of this neighborhood, shoots down our deer, strikes us as being pretty alarmingly exhausting. While his extraordinary Nimrodian exploits render David/ our boast, yet we must fear that he is playing havoc with our game. He has killed seventy deer this reason. He has sold deer skins to the amount of |30, besides which he has taken and sold otters' skins and other peltry. He is now taking a load of venison (hind quarters) to Chicago. Here marke his jt)7-9-PEN0E-City. Besides all this, he has feasted on the fore quarters, and treated his neighbors bountifully to the same luxury. In one of his hunts, he sent a bullet through the vitals of three deer at once — laying them all low. Who has ever equaled this shot ? We ask who ? An item from Col. Wentworth's paper, the Chicago Bemoorat, speaking of Mount Morris as "one of the most delightful places on earth," is copied in the Register, with extended comments of approval. Another paragraph is as On the night of January 19 (1842), two miles north of Peru, the mail coach, mail, baggage, four horses and all were lost, except the passengers and driver, in attempting to cross the Little Vermilion River. 538 HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. The copies of the Register from which we quote are probably the only ones now in existence. The issue dated February 5, 1842, speaks of the Rockford Pilot as its nearest neighbor. The paper dated February 26, 1842, is the last one preserved. It speaks of the severe illness of the editor, and requests some one to send some sage " for the indisposed, sick late Editor of the Register;" and No. 12, issued in April, announced his death. A complete account of the press of Mount Morris maybe found in a chapter devoted to that important interest. Mr. Emanuel Knodle, the first editor of the first paper in this town and county, was a young man of excellent character, highly esteemed by a large circle of friends. His brief editorial career gave promise of a brilliant future, had he lived. CORPORATION ORGANIZATION. Prior to 1848, Mount Morris was a precinct of Ogle County. The following notice was the initiatory step toward the organization of the corporation of Mount Morris : A MEETING of the inhabitants of the Town of Mount Morris will he held at the Chapel of said Town on Sat urday, the 8th of January (1848), at 2 o'clock, for the purpose of determining whether we will incorporate said town. (Signed) MANY CITIZENS. Mt. Morris, Dec. 28, 1847. STATE OF ILLINOIS, Ig Ogle County, j ' I, Daniel Brayton, of Mt. Morris, Ogle County, III., do solemnly swear that there was over two hundred inhabitants residing in the town of Mt. Morris, Ogle County, and State of Illinois, on the 28th day of December, 1847, and that on the same day I posted up three notices in three of the most public places in said town. The above notice, signed " Many Citizens," is a true copy of said notice. (Signed) DANIEL BRAYTON. Subscribed and sworn to before me this 20th day of January, 1848. (Signed) E. WOOD, J. P. [seal.] At the meeting called as above on the 8th day of January, 1848, of the owners of freehold property, and those of lawful age resident in the town six months previous to that date, Daniel Brayton was elected President and F. G. Petrie, Clerk, to whom the following oath was administered : I, Daniel Brayton, as President, and I, F. G. Petrie, as Clerk, do solemnly swear by the ever living God that we will faithfully discharge the trust reposed in us as President and Clerk of this meeting. Sworn to and subscribed before me this 8th day of January, 1848. F. G. PETRIE, Clerk. The meeting then proceeded to vote '¦^ viva voce" whether they would be incorporated or not, and there were nineteen in favor and none against. The Clerk, F. G. Petrie, called a meeting at the chapel of the Rock River Seminary on the 15th day of January, 1848, for the purpose of electing, viva voce, five Trustees. At that meeting, Daniel Brayton presided, F. G. Petrie was clerk and Aaron C. Marston, Andrew Newcomer, James J. Beatty, Jona than Knodle and William McCune were elected Trustees. The records do not show the organization of the Board, but A. C. Marston was Clerk at its first meeting, January 22, 1848, when the limits of the corpo ration were defined by ordinance, as follows : " Commencing at a stake set at the southwest corner of the land owned by the R. R. Seminary, thence on a HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. 539 line due north one mile, thence east one mile, thence south one mile, thence west one mile to the place of beginning." The Trustees, at their meeting, prohibited the sale of spirituous or malt hquors in the town, under penalty of five dollars ; but provided that the contra band articles might be sold for medical and mechanical purposes, under permit from the Board. " Gambling and drunkenness, of whatever class," were de clared "a nuisance," and all persons guilty of these vices were to be fined flve dollars for each offense. All shows, circuses, theaters or exhibitions of that class not having license under the seal of the President were strictly forbidden, under penalty of twenty-five dollars ; also, all " quarreling, fighting, disturbing the quiet and peace of the citizens," under the same penalty. Horse racing, shooting at marks or firing of guns were declared " a nuisance," and a fine not exceeding twenty-five dollars was imposed for each offense. At this meeting, various town ordinances were passed, providing for "work on the roads," etc. ; that all trials shall be before the President of the Board, to be conducted "as they are before a Justice ; " and forms for legal processes were prescribed. This was the first and last meeting of the Board of Record. No corporation officers were appointed, and for several years nothing further appears to have been done, at least there are no records of any elections until January 1, 1856, when "F. G. Petrie, Clerk," issued a notice of an election to be held at the house of W. S. Blair on the 15th of January, 1856, for the purpose of electing five Trustees. At that meeting, Jacob Coffman, F. B. Brayton and D. A. Potter were appointed Judges of Election, to whom were administered the following oath by James M. Webb, Justice of the Peace : I, , do solemnly swear that I will perform the duties of Judge according to law and the best of my ability, and that I will studiously endeavor to prevent deceit, fraud and abuse in conducting the same. The poll list at this election was as follows : William Little, F. B. Brayton, E. M. Cheney, J. D. Hays, Peter Knodle, Jr., Ezra Jones, Hiram Beard, D, A. Potter, Thomas Clems, William Hedges, L. J. Brogunier, D. S. Coffman, Simon H. Coffman, Payton Skinner, B. F. Shyrock, B. B. Thomas, Richard Brown, C. R. Cheney, Thomas Winston, Henry Coggins, Jacob Coffman, J. M. Webb, W. S. Blair, John Winders, Robert O'Neal, J. N. Knodle, J. A. Noel, Jonathan Mumma, E. W. Little, John F. Wallace, B. Cooper, G. W. Harshman, Jesse Mayberry, Jonathan Knodle, Andrew Newcomer, A. H. Bailey. — 36. The following persons were elected Trustees, viz.: D. A. Potter, H. I. Little, Elias Baker, Jacob Coffman, William Schultz. January 19, 1856, this Board organized, by choice of D. A. Potter, Presi dent, and William Schultz, Clerk. Jacob Coffman was elected Treasurer and Peter Knodle, Jr., Constable. February 1, 1856, a tax of fifty cents on the one hundred dollars was levied for the purpose of making sidewalks and improvements of wards, streets and alleys, and the ordinances passed by the Trustees in 1848 were adopted. Peter Knodle, Jr., was appointed Corporation Collector. February 22, 1856, another tax of fifty cents on the one hundred dollars on real estate was levied for the use of the corporation, and a special tax of three- fourths of the cost of building sidewalks was also levied. The Collector was directed to procefed to the collection of the general tax in ten days, and the fol lowing resoltion was adopted : Resolved, That the American quarter of a dollar be used as the seal of the Corporation. March 7, 1856, Jacob Coffman was appointed Street Commissioner. April 11th. the Trustees estimated the cost of building a sidewalk for a lot of 66 feet, 540 HISTORY OP OGLE COUNTY. at $13.34. April 28th, Jacob Coffman was "allowed to provide a pound for the useof the coroporation." June 13th all "huckstering" was forbidden in the Seminary Square and streets surrounding the same ; also, the sale or firing of fire crackers. April 22d, 1857, William Schultz was appointed Assessor and his compensa tion fixed at $1.50 per day. William L. Coho was appointed Constable and Pound Master. March 1, 1858, an election was held at the house of W. S. Blair, Jacob Coffman, D. A. Potter and William Schultz, Judges. Forty-five voters were present, and Elias Baker, D. A. Potter, J. B. McCoy, William Schultz and John McC. Miller were electen Trustees. March 19th, the Board organized by the election of D. A. Potter, President; William Schultz, Clerk; J. B. McCoy was elected Treasurer; H. N. Ryan, Corporation Attorney ; J. S. Nye, Constable and Pound Master ; J. McC. Miller, Street Commissioner ; William Schultz, Assessor. On the 9th of April, Mr. Miller was elected Collector, and Peter Knodle, Jr., Assessor. March 7, 1859. — At the annual election, there were eighty-eight votes recorded. Elias Baker, James B. McCoy, Henry Neff, Samuel Knodle and Andrew Newcomer were elected Trustees. The Board organized March 14th. Elias Baker, President ; Samuel Knodle, Clerk ; H. A. Naeff, Treasurer. 1860. — James B. McCoy, Andrew Newcomer, Samuel Knodle, Henry A. Naeff, James M. Webb, Trustees. Andrew Newcomer, President ; Samuel Knodle, Clerk ; H. A. Naeff, Treasurer. 1861. — Trustees, A. Newcomer, President ; S. Knodle, Clerk ; H. A. Naeff, Treasurer ; J. M. Webb and J. B. McCoy. December 7th of this year, the citizens petitioned the Board of Trustees to call a public meeting or take some means for the suppression of the sale of beer, etc. in the village. The petition was signed by R. S. Hitt and twenty-five others. The Board called a town meeting in the Methodist Church, Wednesday evening, December 11th, but no record of its action appears. 1863. — Seventy-nine voters recorded. Trustees, James Clark, President; A. Q. Allen, Clerk ; William H. Atchinson, Treasurer ; H. I. Little, F. B. Brayton. 1865. — Twenty-three votes recorded. Trustees, James B. McCoy, Presi dent ; A. N. Newcomer, Clerk ; Henry I. Little, Treasurer ; F. B. Brayton, J. McC. Miller. 1866. — Twenty-nine votes recorded. Trustees, F. B. Brayton, President; A. Newcomer, Clerk ; Henry I. Little, Treasurer ; M. T. Rohrer, J. McC. Miller. 1867. — Twenty-four votes recorded. Trustees, F. B. Brayton, President; A. Newcomer, Clerk ; Henry I. Little, Treasurer ; J. McC. Miller, M. T. Rohrer. , 1868. — Forty-seven votes recorded. Trustees, Elias Williams, Samuel Knodle, Morris Gaffin, John Sprecher, Henry Middlekauff. There is no record that these gentlemen took the oath of office. 1869. — Twenty votes recorded. Trustees, F. B. Brayton, President ; M. T. Rohrer, Clerk ; H. , I. Little, Treasurer ; J. McClelland Miller, A. Newcomer. 1870. — Eighty-two votes recorded. Trustees, F. B. Brayton, President; M. T. Rohrer, Clerk ; H. I. Little, Treasurer ; A. Newcomer, Samuel Lookabaugh. HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. 541 This board, on the 27th of April, passed a stringent ordinance " relating to the sale and traffic in wine, rum, gin, brandy, whisky, beer, cider and other intoxicating liquors." 1871. — Eighty-eight votes recorded. Trustees, Samuel Knodle, President; Ezra Toms, Clerk ; Upton Miller, Treasurer ; M. Stroh, S. H. Cheney. 1872. — Seventy-six votes recorded. Trustees, Henry Sharer, President ; Jonathan Knodle, Clerk ; Henry H. Clevidence, Treasurer ; Henry H. New comer, John Startzman. 1873. — Fifty-seven votes recorded. Trustees, Martin S. Rohrer, President; Samuel Lookabaugh, Clerk ; H. H. Clevidence, Treasurer ; Oliver H. Swing- ley, John French. 1874. — Seventy votes recorded. Trustees, Samuel Lookabaugh, President ; Samuel Mumma, Clerk ; H. H. Clevidence, Treasurer ; J. A. Knodle, Henry Sharer. February 26, 1875, a petition to the Board of Trustees, signed by H. I. Little and thirty-seven others, asking that a meeting be called for an election to vote for or against village organization under the general law, was received ; the Board ordered an election to be held on the 27th day of Marih, 1875, and appointed H. I. Little, Elijah Lott and John Sharer, Judges, and Peter House holder and A. W. Little, Clerks of the election. At that meeting, 35 ballots were cast, 34 for organization and one against. VILLAGE ORGANIZATION. 1875. — One hundred and ten votes recorded. Trustees, A. Newcomer, ¦ President; Isaac H. Allen, Henry I. Little, H. H. Clevidence, Peter House holder, J. M. Piper ; Village Clerk, M. T. Rohrer ; Police Magistrate, M. T. Rohrer. 1876. — Trustees, H. I. Little, President ; John H. Swingley, Henry H. Clevidence, J. A. Knodle, Joseph M. Piper, Charles Miles ; Village Clerk, M. T. Rohrer. 1877. — Trustees, Benjamin G. Stephens, President; John H. Swingley, Samuel Mumma, Jacob A. Knodle, Henry Clevidence, Thomas Williams ; Village Clerk, John Sharer. TOWNSHIP OF MOUNT MORRIS. This township was organized in 1850. With the valuable assistance of Martin T. Rohrer, Esq., the following list of Supervisors and Clerks is com piled : Township officers of the Town of Mt. Morris, Ogle County, from the time of the adoption of Township Organization to 1874. Superviiors. — James B. McCoy, 1850; Benjamin T. Hendrick, 1851; Andrew Newcomer, 1852; Joel R. Carll, 1853 ; Samuel Garber and Henry Heistand* appointed 1854 ; Elias Baker, 1865, '56, '57; Daniel Sprecher, 1858; Francis A. McNeill, 1859, '60; John W. Hitt, 1861; Benj. T. Hendrick, 1862 '63, '64, '65, '66, '67, '68; John W. Hitt, 1869: Charles Newcomer, 1870, '71, '72 ; John W. Hitt, 1873, '74. Tovm Clerks.— A.. Q. Allen, 1850 ; John F Grosh, 1851 ; Lyman S. Carll, 1852, '53 ; William Schnltz, 1854 ; Benj. K. Shyrock, 1855 ; Wm. Schultz, 1856 ; A. Q. Allen, 1857 ; Simon H. Coffr man, 1858 ; Samuel Knodle, 1859, "60 ; Geo. W. Marshall, 1861, '62 ; James W. Webb, 1868, '64; Martin T. Rohrer, 1865, '66, '67, '68 ; Frederick B. Brayton, 1869, '70; Henry H. Clevidence, 1871 ; Joseph W. Piper, 1872; Henry H. Clevidence, 1873, '74. SCHOOLS. The First School. — The Maryland colonists who first settled at Mount Mor ris were determined that their children should not want for educational priv ileges, and a school house was as necessary as a "cabin." When Samuel M. * Samuel Garber, who was elected, -was a Dunkard preacher; his church was unwilling that he should serve in any civil capacity, and he resigned on the spot and Henry Heistand was appointed to fill vacancy. 042 HISTORY OF OGLB COUNTY. Hitt and Nathaniel Swingley returned from Maryland with their families, in 1838, accompanied by a number of others who desired to become members of their new colony in the Far West, they engaged Mr. A. Quimby Allen to ac company them as a teacher, and soon after their arrival he opened a school in a small log cabin then standing in the grove about 80 rods southwest of Prof D. J. Pinckney's present residence and about a mile southwest of the Seminary. This pioneer school house has since been removed to the roadside about a mile west of the town, where it still remains, an interesting monument of the olden time, when old men and women of the present day attended school within its rough walls, while their parents built their first cabins on the beautiful prairie in the neighborhood. This was the first school in this section of the country. It was named "The Pine Creek Grammar School," and under this somewhat pretentious title it was the first step leading to the foundation of the Rock River Seminary within a year from that time. The school numbered twenty-six pupils, and a record of their names, so far as they are now remembered by Mr. Allen, will be interesting to their descend ants in the present and in the future. Among this little group were Margaret ' C. Hitt (now Mrs. D. J. Pinckney), John W, Hitt (now an influential citizen of Mount Morris, and for several years past Supervisor, of the town), George Hitt (since dead), Andrew M. Hitt, Joseph Hitt, John Hitt (now Deputy Collector of Customs, Chicago), Robert S. Hitt (of Chicago), Robert R. Hitt (now Sec retary of Legation at Paris), Martin R. M. Wallace (Judge Wallace of Chicago), Elizabeth Reynolds, Caroline M. Reynolds, Ann E. Swingley (Mrs. Phelps), Urilla Swingley, John H. Swingley, Upton Swingley, Nathaniel A. Ankeny, Augustus H. Ankeny (afterward a leading citizen of Clinton, Iowa), Ann M. Ankeny (Mrs. Wm. Watts), Clinton Helm (an eminent physician at Rockford), James C. T. Phelps (now of Rochelle on the farm his father made), James Rey nolds, Peter Householder, the Worden boys, and Richard McClain's children. Rock River Seminary was located here in the Spring of 1839, under the aus pices of the Methodist Church, and the first term commenced in November, 1840. A more extended sketch of this important institution will be found on page 468. Mr. Allen taught school in the school house above mentioned during that Spring and Summer. In the Summer of 1840, before the seminary building was ready for occupa tion, Prof. Joseph N. Waggoner, its first Principal, taught school in the log school house occupied by Mr. Allen in 1838-9. He was employed by the Trus tees of the Seminary. In the Spring of 1841, the town school was conducted under the manage ment of the Rock River Seminary, as the Primary Department of the Institu tion, and was in charge of Mrs. Fanny Russell. This department was discon tinued in 1843, and private schools continued in several residences. In the Winter of 1845-6, A. Q. Allen taught a select school in the house now occupied by Mrs. Cross, on Short street, west of Seminary Square. In 1851-2, Mr. Allen again taught in the new district school building, which had been erected on the corner of Main and Clark streets. This was a long frame building, having two rooms. In this taught at various times A. Q. Allen, Mr. Streeter, Mr. Shultnee, Mr. Cross, John Page, with Miss Hannah Cheney (who subsequently married Mr. Page) as Assistant, Holly Allen, Enoch Coffman, James Allen, Francis Hoverland (now Mrs. Crawford), with her sister Florence (now Mrs. B. G. Stevens) as Assistant. Miss Sybil Sammis (now Mrs. Andrew Hitt, of Chicago) was, also, at one time an Assistant in this school. During the term the Misses Hoverland were in charge of the school, HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. 543 the present large two-story stone school building was erected, and the Misses Hoverland first taught therein. The school house is located on Block 5 of the Botanical Addition to Mount Morris, fronting on Short street. It was built in 1868, at a cost of $10,000, and has four school departments. Miss Hoverland was followed by J. M. Piper, as Principal, who, in turn, was succeeded, in 1876, by the present Principal, Horace G. Kauffmann. The other teachers at present are, grammar room. Holly C. Clark ; intermediate room, Mrs. Becca B. Kauffman ; primary. Miss Lottie E. Waggoner. There are now two hundred pupils enrolled. There is a high school course of but one year, as facilities for higher education are better afforded in the Seminary. RELIGIOUS. Methodist Episcopal Church. — The first Sabbath after his arrival. Rev. Thomas S. Hitt preached at a small school house in Oregon. Thereafter he preached occasionally ; joined the Illinois Conference, and was appointed Agent of the Seminary. The first regular pastor who was established here was Rev. Barton Cart wright, in 1838. He preached two successive days in the primitive school house in which Mr. Allen taught school. Families came from about twenty miles, and were entertained at the house of Rev. Mr. Hitt. Among those remembered were Mr. and Mrs. Morgan, of Franklin Grove ; Mr. and Mrs. John Ankeny, of Elkhorn Grove ; Mr. and Mrs. Abraham Juneval, of By) on ; Mr. and Mrs. F. G. Petrie, of Leaf River. Rev. Mr. Worthington succeeded Mr. Cartwright for one year. In the Fall of 1838, Rev. Mr. Cartwright came over from Washington Grove to the residence of Rev. Thomas S. Hitt, and requested him to accom pany him to that grove and assist in settling a question of claims. Mr. Hitt considered that somewhat foreign to his line of business until he was informed that the cladm was that of marriage between Rev. Cartwright and Miss Chloe Bennett. Mr. and Mrs. Hitt accompanied Mr. Cartwright, and the pioneer of Methodism in Ogle County was wedded on that evening, after the usual relig ious services. When the seminary was completed, the north portion of the basement was finished for religious purposes. Methodist services were held here until the erection of the new Seminary, when the east end of the two lower stories of that building was fitted up as a chapel. This was then considered to be a very elegant church room for a Western village. It was dedicated by Rev. J. V. Watson, assisted by Rev. Mr. Hinman. As no records can be obtained regarding the succeeding Pastors of this charge, it is impossible to give a complete list in their proper order. The fol lowing, however, were among them : Revs. McMurtry, Jonathan Snow, Lean der S. Walker, Wager, Nathan Jewett, Philo Judson, J. L. Stuff, Sanford, Cone, Winslow, Wm. Keegan, J. C. Stoughton, W. A. Smith, Milton Haney, John H. Vincent, Blanchard L. Anderson, J. B. Strout, Cornelius Ford, J. H. Moore, S; H. Adams, Lewis Kurtz, Edward Battis, E. W. Adams, concluding with the present Pastor, Rev. A. T. Needham. For many years, the headquarters of the Rock River District were located here, and, consequently. Revs. John Clark, Philo Judson, Hooper Crews and others resided here. In 1877. the present Methodist Church was erected on the corner of Front street and Wesley avenue, at a cost of $8,000. It is a beautiful edifice, having 541 HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. a large audience room, with gallery and lecture room attached. It was dedi cated in July, 1877, by Bishop Harris, during the pastorate of Rev. E. W. Adams. The present parsonage was erected during the pastorate of Rev. Mr. Jewett, in 1851 or 1852. The present membership is 140. The Lutheran Church. — In the Fall of 1845, Rev. N. J. Stroh came to Oregon, from Pennsylvania, and began the organization of churches of the Lu theran denomination at that place, at Adeline, Brookville and Mt. Morris. After eighteen months' residence at Oregon, he moved to a farm near Mt. Mor-' ris, and, in the absence of a suitable place of worship there, he preached regu larly in a school house near the residence of Joshua Thomas, at Phelps' Grove. When the school house was built in Mt. Morris, the services were held at that place, and Rev. John Nicholas Burket was appointed as regular pastor. Mrs. McCoy, Mr. Philip Sprecher and wife and Mrs. Samuel Newcomer, still residents of Mt. Morris, were among the members of the church at the time of its organization. Mr. Stroh still resides in the village. Rev. A. A. Trimper followed Rev. Mr. Burket and was succeeded by Rev. Ephraim Miller. The brick church on the southwest corner of the intersection of Ogle and Centre streets was erected in 1845. At that time, Rev. George A. Bowers was Pastor. The sermon of dedication was preached by Rev. Simeon W. Har- key, in May, 1856. Mr. Bowers was followed in succession by Revs. C. Riem- enschneider, Daniel Schindler, Ephr.iim Miller, Rufus Smith, R. B. Whitehill, A. C. Frick, and the present Pastor, Rev. Luther L. Lipe. During Rev. Mr. Smith's pastorate, the present parsonage was purchased. In September, 1877, the erection of a new church edifice was begun, on the southwest corner of the crossing of Main and Short streets. It is a frame building, with a basement for Sabbath school use ; has a steeple of one hundred feet in height on the north side, and, when complete, will present a very neat architectural appearance. Its cost is estimated at $7,000. A Sabbath school has always been held in connection with the church and is at present superin tended by Rev. Mr. Lipe. LODGES. Elysian Lodge, No. 56, I. 0. 0. F., was organized under a charter granted by the Grand Lodge of Illinois, dated July 25, 1849, with the following char ter members : George W. Fouke, John F. Grosh, James N. Martin, Daniel Highbarger, Walter Wilson and Emanuel W^. Myers. ' In 1850-52, many members removed to California and elsewhere, weaken ing the society so that, in 1863, the charter was surrendered to the Grand Lodge. November 4, 1874, the Lodge was re-organized, and the same charter and books were returned to it. The charter members and gentlemen who pro cured this re-organization were Henry Sharer, B. G. Stephens, Elijah Lott, G. W. Fouke and W. J. Fouke. The society is now out of debt and has a well-furnished hall in the front second story of Sprecher & Clevidence's block. The membership, at present, is thirty -eight, and its officers are : W. H. Miller, N. G. ; John T. Stewart, V. G. ; A. M. Newcomer, Secretary; B. G. Stephens, Treasurer. Samuel H. Davis Lodge, No. 96, A. F. ^ A. M., was organized before 1860, and worked under a dispensation for several years. The date of their first organization does not appear on the records of the society. The Bible belonging to the Lodge was presented by the ladies of Mount Morris, and bears the date June 24, 1851. HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. 545 The Lodge was organized under a charter October 6, 1851, with Isaiah Wilcoxen, W. M. ; James Clark, S. W. ; Wm. Little, J. W. Among the first members after the charter was obtained were: Ansel Streeter, Benjamin K. Shryock, H. I. Little, Jonathan Knodle, Peter Knodle, Francis A. McNeill, Isaac Rice, Wm. A. Plantz, Nathaniel A. Ankeny. Elbridge W. Little, W. T. Harlow, Joseph Hale, Thomas Winston, Joseph S. Nye, S. H. Clems, John Donaldson, D. B. Turney, Abraham Pope, Edward Knock, James H. Fouke, Daniel Highbarger, John Stanger, Benjamin Swingley, W. S. Pope, James M. Webb. Samuel H. Davis Lodge, No. 96, of Mount Morris, and Forreston Lodge, No. 413, were consolidated November 17, 1876, under the former name, with 0. H. Swingley, W. M. ; D. Rine, S. W., and J. H. Nye, J. W. The Lodge is in a prosperous condition, and has a large and well-arranged hall over Sprecher & Clevidence's store, of which they have a lease for ninety-nine years. Their membership is about fifty. The present officers are : J. H. Nye, W^. M.; Peter Householder, S. W. ; Charles Smith, J. W. ; T. C. Williams, Secretary; Samuel Lookabaugh, Treasurer. BUSINESS INTERESTS. In October, 1841, the first store was opened in Mt. Morris, by Daniel Bray ton & Son, in an addition to the west side of a small frame house, which they had built that Summer, located on Main, midway between Short and Seminary streets. Mr. Daniel Brayton had been a Methodist minister and preached oc casionally in the Seminary chapel. He was a practical and intellectual gentle man who held a high place in the esteem of his acquaintances. The firm was afterward Brayton & Judson, and, iu 1850, when Daniel Brayton died, it was continued by F. B. Brayton & Baker. Since 1850, Mr. Brayton has continued in the drug and book department only, and has been Postmaster since 1861. The second store was opened a couple of years after that of Mr. Brayton, by Samuel Bents, in a small brick building on the northeast corner of Front and Seminary streets, where Lookabaugh & Middour's store now stands. Mr. Bents sold to S. M. Hitt and F. G. Petrie, the latter now of Oregon, who had previously been engaged in the manufacture of brick northeast of town. Mr. Enoch Wood, now of Chicago, soon became associated with Mr. Petrie, under the firm name of Wood & Petrie, and this firm continued for many years. In 1844, Baker, Pitzer & McCoy built a one-story brick machine-shop, on the corner where the Methodist church now stands, and began the manufacture of traveling threshing machines. This they continued until 1849, and their machines, which threshed grain by being loaded-up and driven around in a cir cle, were then quite popular. In the Summer of 1849, Mr. Baker manufactured "Fountain" Reapers. About the same time the above enterprise commenced, Hitt (Samuel N.) & Coffman built a grist-mill on Pine Creek, southwest of the town, and soon after the same firm opened the third store in Mt. Morris. This was managed by Prof D. J. Pinckney, until a year later it was purchased by F. B. Brayton. About 1853, Brayton, Baker & Petrie rented an old saw-mill on Pine Creek, about a mile below the grist-mill site, which had been operated from an early day, by John Stewart. This the above firm fitted up for use, temporarily, for the manufacture of linseed oil. As the facilities were not very favorable, the business was only carried on there for about two years, at the rate of two bar rels of oil per day. They then erected a large two-story frame mill, with stone basement, near the southwest corner of the town, and operated the machinery by steam. With this they connected a saw-mill. 546 HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. A son of F. B. Brayton, Earnest W., ten years of age, was killed by the saw in this mill, and Mr. F. G. Petrie lost his right hand by a similar accident. The mill was operated under the charge of Jacob Hilger, with success, for about four years, but was then discontinued on account of a scarcity of flax seed. The building then passed into the ownership of Petrie & Sheets, who trans formed it into a flouring-mill, but as this proved unprofitable it was taken down and removed to the Rock River, opposite Oregon, where it is now in operation as a flouring-mill. Martin Heller afterward purchased the mill site on Pine Creek, and erected a large stone and frame grist-mill on the old location. This is now operated by Abner Newcomer & Co. The village made gradual progress until 1855, when it became a prominent trading point and bade fair to be the largest village of Ogle County, but at that time the Illinois Central Railroad passed near Buffalo Grove, and the trade was attracted to the new town of Polo. Orville N. Adams, of Galena, opened a general store here about 1850, of which, eighteen months later, Prof. D. J. Pinckney became a partner. They also managed the grist-mill on Pine Creek for about one year. At that time, the partnership was dissolved, and the mill was burned down shortly after. Mr. Adams soon after removed to La Salle. No. 38, Vol. 1, ofthe Mqunt Morris Gazette, dated Thursday, .January 23, 1851, a copy of which is preserved by Mr. Samuel Knodle, who has been inter ested in several newspaper enterprises in Mount Morris, furnishes some inter esting items in relation to the business of the town at that day. In an editorial, the editor. Prof. Pinckney, anticipates that " the Great Central Railroad will, no doubt, be built in six or eight years." At that time, Mount Morris was one of the great business centers of Ogle County, as a glance at the columns of the Gazette fully shows, and is a scrap of Mount Morris history of an interesting character. The first in order is a notice of the Amphycton Society, announcing that the following resolution will be discussed: "Resolved., That the political and intellectual condition of Europe is improving." This notice is signed A N. Odel, Secretary. Mount Morris Division Sons of Temperance announce meet ings every Tuesday evening at their hall, on Center street. B. G. Stephens, R. S. Wood, Bryant & Petrie, October, 1850, advertise their hardware business. Wood & Petrie (October 4, 1850) advertise dry goods, groceries, crockery, glassware, paints, books and stationery. Brayton & Baker advertise general merchandise. Wm. Little & Son inform the public. May 1, 1850, that they are prepared with lots of seasoned lumber to manufacture, extensively, wagons, etc., and do all kinds of blacksmithing. George Brayton advertises, June 12, 1850, to do all kinds of tailoring, with neatness and dispatch. John Ankeny announces the discontinuance of his business, December 13, 1850. T. C. Ankeny speaks of his cheap auction store. B. G. Stephens, M. D., and Dr B. W. Myers publish their professional cards. AVm. Hedges advertises, Septem- bember 19, 1850, to do all kinds of coopering. S. N. Beaubein advertises, October 16, 1850, to manufacture harness, saddles, etc., and trim carriages. Shop in house formerly occupied by W. S. Blair. About 1854, Jonathan Muinma opened a store in the storeroom west of his hotel, and in 1858, when J. M. Webb purchased the hotel, the store was sold to Potter & W^ebb. In 1856, the old firm of Wood & Petrie had become Petrie k Sheets, and this soon after became Coffman Bros., a firm which still exists. In EDITOR AND PUBLISHER OGLE CO UNIT, DEMOCRAT MT. MORRIS HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. 549 1856, Atchison & Clems had a clothing store in the village and E. Davis dis pensed confectioiiery to the students and others. In 1857, Brayton & Baker sold the tinshop and hardware portion of their business to Joseph S. Nye, who erected the brick building on the northeast corner of Seminary and Center streets, where he continued that business for about ten years. In 1866, Mr. Briggs carried on here a branch of Mr. John Etnyre's store, of Oregon. In March of that year, Lookabaugh & Middour established their business in Mount Morris. There have been many other stores of minor importance. Hotels. — From the time of opening his store, Mr. Brayton kept a public house. About three years after his coming, James Clark built the first tavern — the brick building on the corner of the crossing of Main and Seminary streets. After running this for a short time, under the name of the " New York House," he returned to his farm in Washington Grove and rented his tavern to Mr. Brayton. In 1851, W. S. Blair opened " Blair's Hotel " on the southwest corner of the crossing of Bangs street and Wesley avenue. This has been continued by Mr. Blair, with the exception of about two years, until the present time, through all the fortunes and vicissitudes of the village. In 1854, Jacob Mumma built the hotel on the southwest corner of the crossing of Semi nary and Center streets. This he called the " Eldorado House," and kept boarders — students principally— until 1858, when it was purchased by J. M. Webb, and after 1860, ct^ntinued to the present day as " Webb's Hotel." Since the death of Mr. Webb, the house has been enlarged, and is now well managed by Mrs. C. J. Webb. L. C. Price commenced making a few harrows and farming tools for his neighbors at least twenty years ago. He gradually enlarged his facilities for manufacturing agricultural implements, and has now quite an extensive manu factory of wagons, carriages, harrows, etc., on his farm, two and a half miles south of Mount Morris. Thomas Mumma and John W. Hitt have begun the erection of a large building, just south of town, in which to establish the Mount Morris Creamery, with a capacity of 1,000 cows, for the manufacture of butter and cheese. This enterprise will be a valuable addition to the business interests of Mount Morris. Following is a list of the present business interests of Mount Morris, together with the date of their establishment : General Merchants. — Lookabaugh & Middour, May, 1866; Sprecher k Clevidence, 1855 ; Gilbert Bros., formerly Gilbert & King, April 7, 1874 ; Newcomer Bros., December 12, 1877. Hardware. — J. M. Smith, formerly Smith & Pickard, 1870 ; Hitt, Smith & Co., April 23, 1877. , Groceries.— Wmgen k Swingley, 1874 ; Wm. H. Bull, March 17, 1875. Druggists.— A. W. Brayton, formerly F. B. Brayton, 1860 ; 0. H. Swing- ley, November 11, 1868. Furniture. — Upton Miller, 1873. Hotels.— E[a.{r'& Hotel, 1851 ; Webb's Hotel, 1858. Restaurants. — E. 0. Startzman, November 25, 1876 ; H. Jimmerson, June 21, 1877 ; S. Knodle, 1877. Carpenters and Builders. — George H. Riner, N. E. Buser, 1868 ; B. Rine, J- T. Stewart, Jonathan Knodle. Blacksmiths.— K. W. Kneff, Calvin A. Potter, 1852 ; Nicholas Kuntz. Wagon Makers. — Jacob A. Knodle, B. F. Tracy. Lumber Dealer. — P. T. Sprecher. 550 HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. Harness Makers. — J. F. Thomas, 1873, H. H. Newcomer. Jewelers. — J. A. Knodle & Son, 1875. Butchers. — Smith & Eberts, 1877 ; Middour & Lookabaugh, 1877. Liveryman. — H. L. Smith, May, 1876 ; the first livery stable was kept by Peter Funk, then C. C. Wagner, then F. B. Brayton, then H. L. Smith; others having engaged in that business at various times. Boot and Shoemakers. — George W. Fouke, P. Skinner, 1854 ; M. F. Noel, 1856. Tailors.— G. B. Stanger, September, 1870 ; W. E. Moats, 1876. Milliners. — Mrs. C. Startzman, Mrs. Mary McNeil. Mantua Maker — Mrs. Sarah J. Coggins, 1845. Physicians. — Dr. D. Newcomer, Allopath ; Dr. B. G. Stevens, Allopath, 1850 ; Dr. John McCosh, Allopath, May, 1863 ; Dr. R. Berry, Physio-Medi cal, 1878. Painters. — S. G. Trine, 1859, Peter Householder, L. J. Brogunier. Barber. — Daniel Bowers. Samuel Knodle carried on a book, stationery and jewelry business from 1861 to 1874. It is somewhat remarkable that Mount Morris contains not a single lawyer. The first and only bank in this village was established by Charles Newcomer and Isaac Rice, August 1, 1877, and is now in operation. Seibert Block is a two-story brick business block, having a hall above and three business rooms below. It is situated on the northeast corner of Seminary and Front streets, was commenced in 1873, and completed in March, 1874. Another large two-story block was erected in 1874, on the southeast corner of Seminary and Main streets, by Henry Sharer, John Sprecher and J. H. Nye. It cost about twelve thousand dollars, and has three store rooms below. - The grading of the Chicago & Iowa Railroad was completed to this place November 2, 1871. The track laying was finished nine days later. The first mail train arrived at Mount Morris July 9, 1872, and the old stage coaches disappeared. The elevator of Charles Newcomer was built in August, 1872. Tornado. — At 5 o'clock on the morning of June 8, 1874, Mount Morris was visited by a tornado, which, for severity, has never been equaled in this vicinity. It came from the southwest, and apparently spent its force mainly in town. The barn and slaughter house of S. Mumma, together with two bug gies, etc., were entirely destroyed. Mr. S. Redfield's dwelling was moved ten or fifteen feet from its foundation, and generally wrecked, while the family were in it. Mr. L. S. Walker's cottage and stable were very much damaged. The fences throughout the track of the tornado were generally destroyed. Mrs. McKean's dwelling was unroofed and otherwise damaged. The houses of Peter Glascow, Mr. Withers and others were badly damaged. Mrs. Ehza- beth McCoy's residence was unroofed, and outhouses demolished. Elijah Lott's dwelling was neatly unroofed. The west half of the new Seminary building was unroofed, and the gable was somewhat injured. Fruit and shade trees in the course of the tornado were generally demolished, and much other damage was done in various parts of the town. HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. 551 POLO, INCLUDING A SKETCH OF BUFFALO. One of the old " Sucker" trails, or roads, from Southern Illinois by way of Ogee's (Dixon's) Ferry, to the lead mines, passed "Buffalo Grove," from which the township of Buffalo received its name, and therefore very naturally here were the earliest white settlements in Ogle County. Its history will be found at length in the general history (page 236), and only brief allusion is necessary here. John Ankeny, on his way to Galena, in the Spring of 1829, was attracted by the beauty of the spot and the fertility of the soil in this locality, arid made the first claim* on the east side of Buffalo Grove, and proceeded on his way to the lead mining metropolis. Before his return, in the Spring of 1830, Isaac Chambers, the first permanent settler, had erected a log cabin near the site of Buffalo Village, on the south bank of Buffalo Creek, having previously stopped for a short time at White Oak Grove, about a mile and a half west of the town of Forreston. He was soon followed by John Ankeny, who returned to perfect his claim by making improvements. In April, 1831, Oliver W. Kellogg and Samuel Reed, with their families, arrived. Mr. Kellogg purchased the claim and improvements of Isaac Cham bers, who removed to the grove since known as Chambers' Grove, where he ttled, a little northwest of the present town of Brookville, and kept a " stage vern," from the close of the Black Hawk War until 1837-8, who sold to harles Franks, who still occupies the premises. Chambers built a mill on i-Elkhorn Creek, near the present site of Brookville, removed thither, and emained until his death. The mill is now known as "Herb's Mill." The following extract from a letter written by Mr. Franklin S. Reed, of Pontiac, 111., under date of June 16. 1877, in reply to an invitation to attend the Old Settlers' Re-union, on the 21st of June, 1877, at Polo, fixes the date of their arrival, and records some interesting facts : On the 29th day of April, 1831, with my father's family, I arrived in Buffalo Grove, at the house of John Ankeny, and on the next day drove into the timber west of where William Reed now lives, set up our cloth tent, aud commenced cutting timber, Mr. Ankeny assisting. The 2d day of May, the cabin was ready to move into. The floors were bark, slipped off the linn (bass- wood) tree, of the proper length and width, and laid on the level earth, the smooth side down, to prevent curling up and other accidents that might occur from a smooth floor. Large, fiat stones were set up against the wall at one end of the house to build a tire, in case of wet or cold weather, until time could be spsired to construct a chimney. My father's was the first family that settled in the country with the express purpose of agriculture. * * * * Now let us go onto the prairie. Not a house ! not even a rail in sight ! A wild wilderness of grass-burned prairie as far as the eye could see. No stock grazing in the. distant view. Here on this wild prairie, by direction of my father, I set some stakes to indicate the place where to commence breaking prairie. Broke fourteen acres and planted it to corn, after making a garden. The Indians were in council at or near Rock Island, to settle the question — war or planting corn. What few settlers were in the country became alarmed. Our household effects were loaded into wagons and drove to the nearest settlement for protection. We went to Apple River, near where the village of Elizabeth now stands. We had commenced cutting timber for building a stockade. We were here two weeks, when we got news from the council that they had smoked the pipe of peace, and were going to plant corn. We then returned to our homes, fenced our farms and gave attention to our growing crops. This was, I may almost say, before the dawn of civilization. The Indians were lingering around their old hunting grounds ; it was their home, where they were raised, and game existed here in abundance. I have seen twenty or thirty deer in a drove. The Indians were our nearest neighbors during the Winters of 1831-32-33, In the Spring of 1832, just as we were preparing for planting, the Black Hawk War began, and again we had to leave our homes. A dispatch was sent to us. ordering us to fly immediately to the army. The instructions were to meet at the tavern of 0. W. Kellogg, and go from there * In those days, the first claims were invariably made in the timber. Ankeny planted his "stake'' on a Uttle auoU in the timber on the north side of Buffalo Creek, on the west half of the northwest quarter of Sec. \1, lownship 23, North Kange 8 east, near a lime kiln now owned by Philo W. Newman. 552 HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. in a body. As soon as arrangements were made, all started for Rock River. There had been a battle with the Indians at Stillman's Run, and excitement was running very high. Our forces had been defeated ; men that were supposed to be lost were coming in. The next day a small party returned to the grove, looking after some stock that had been left behind. This party found William Durley lying dead in the road, just in the edge of the grove. Durley was buried at the spot where he fell, and " Durley' s grave" is one of the points of interest shown to the visitor, about a mile west of Polo. Out on the prairie was found the hat of .lohn D. Winters, the old mail contractor. * ******* Returned in September, sowed wheat, cut hay, and prepared in general for Winter. In the Spring of 1833, the Indian excitement ran high. The few settlers that were there became excited, and again all left their homes taking their families io places of safety. ' The men returned to their farms and carried on the farming business. In mid-summer the excitement died away, and our families returned. Who can come to Illinois now and complain of hard times or suffer ing, privations or hardships ? Mr: Ankeny subsequently sold his claim and improvements to James G. Soulard, of Galena, and moved to what was called the " Towhead " Settle ment (now in Elkhorn Township, Carroll County), where he remained for a time, and then removed to Mount Morris, where he permanently located. In the Fall of 1832, Mr. Sample M. Journey and Julia Ann, only daughter of Mr. Ankeny, were married at the residence of the bride's father. This was the first matrimonial venture in the new settlement, and the fir>t in the county. From 1830 to 1834, the new settlement at Buffalo Grove received various accessions to its numbers, but their names have passed from memory as none of them remained to become permanent settlers. Among them, however, were Elkana B. Bush and John Brookie. In the Winter of 1833-4, probably, the Post Ofiice of Buffalo Grove, Jo Daviess County, was established, and Elkana B. Bush was appointed Postmaster. "At least," says Col. Stevenson, "when I arrived in August, 1834, there was a post ofiice here, and Bush was Post master." In 1834, Mr. Elisha Doty and his family from Peoria came to the Buffalo Grove settlement. His son, Cyrus Doty, born September 4, 1834, was the first Avhite child born in Ogle County. Mr. Doty subsequently removed to. Tama County, Iowa, after building a wind-mill in Polo, and losing the accumu lations of a life-time. That mill was built on the northeast corner of Division and Savanna streets. In May, 1834, Albion Sanford arrived with his family, and his father, Cyrenus Sanford, and his two brothers, Ahira and Harrison, came in the fol lowing Autumn. Cyrenus Sanford died on the farm on which he first settled. May 28, 1858, aged 83 years. At the time of Mr. Sanford's decease, his pos terity numbered eight children, ninety grandchildren, and about forty great grandchildren, forming no inconsiderable portion of the population of Buffalo Township. In August, 1834, Col. John D. Stevenson, with his family, arrived from Louisiana, and settled near Mr. Kellogg. Col. Stevenson was born in New York City, but came West when he was 10 years old, and went to New Orleans in 1829. He brought a small stock of goods and "kept store " in his log cabin until 1836, when he built a ne^\ store, thus becoming the first merchant or "trader" in all the territory now embraced within the limits of Ogle, White side, Carroll, Winnebago, Stephenson and Lee Counties. Col. Stevenson still resides in Polo, with his son-in-law, Samuel H. Shoop, Esq., a merchant ofthe city, who married his daughter Virginia H. Stevenson. Miss. Sarah. Hackett Stevenson, a noted physician of Chicago, and well known in literary circles as the author of "A Winter in the West," is another of Col. Stevenson's daughters. Among others who came in 1834 were Mr. Pearson Shoemaker (present pro prietor of the " Orient " House at Polo), with his family, and Mr. Sackett. HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. ^ 553 In March, 1835, Oliver W. Kellogg and Hugh Stevenson surveyed and platted the town and called it St. Marion, although the name of the post oifice, then established, was Buffalo Grove. St. Marion was in Buffalo Grove Pre cinct, of Jo Daviess County, until 1836, when Ogle County was erected and it became a precinct of the new County. Among those who settled in the vicinity in 1835 were George R. Webster, from Delaware County, New York, Stephen Hull and William Merritt. Solomon Landis and John Clark settled at Elkhorn Grove, in 1835. The first school was -taught by Simon Fellows, in the Winter of 1834-35, in 0. W. Kellogg's house. Oliver W. Kellogg and George D. H. Wilcoxon built a saw-mill on Buffalo Creek, near the center of the grove, in 1836, which was of great service to the settlers. The mill was near the village of St. Marion (which, until the next year, was only a little group of log cabins), and was put in operation late in the Fall. This mill long since disappeared and now only very slight traces of the old dam and race remain to mark the spot where it stood. This was the first mill within the present limits of Ogle County, which was ther. a part of Jo Daviess County, although soon after their arrival, the Sanfords built a saw mill on a bend of the same stream, near " Two Mile Grove," within the pres ent limits of Whiteside County. In 1836, the> permanent settlement of what is now the township of Buffalo may be considered as finally established, and immigration began to increase. This year, John Waterbury, Solomon Shaver, William Wamsley, B. Beardsley, Abram Schryver, Duncan A. Grant, Thomas Worden and William Nichols, with their families, came together from Delaware Co., N. Y., with teams, being seven weeks and two days on their toilsome journey, and settled in this vicinity. During this year, also, the first frame buildings were erected in St. Marion, one, a house built by William Merritt, and the other a house and store by Col. J. D. Stevenson. Messrs. Wales, Hunn & Chandler opened the second store at St. Marion, in 1836, followed by Elijah and Theodore Winn, in 1839-40; L. N. & C. R. Barber, in 1843 ; Job Arnold, in 1844, and Helm & McClure, in 1849. Virgil A. Bogue came in 1836, with his family. His wife died soon after his arrival ; and he married Harriet Nichols. Mr. Bogue was a prominent and influential man and exercised considerable influence in the community. He was very peculiar, however, very social, but somewhat erratic and made many personal enemies. He was a man of ability, and afterward became Judge of the County Court. The first school house was a frame structure, built by subscription, in 1836-7. This building served the double purpose of school house and church. In 1858, it was converted into a United Brethren Church, and was occupied by that people for about two years, when it was sold. It is still standing, and is tbe present residence of Mr. Ephraim Isham. About 1839, the name of the village of St. Marion was changed to Buffalo, and so continued until after Polo was founded by Zenas Aplington and others, when gradually it came to be called " Old Town," and in 1878 was generally known by that name. In 1843, the first public schools were organized under the laws of the State. The entire township was embraced in one school district. William M. Mason, Joseph Kellogg, Timothy Perkins, D. L. Henry and Horace Chatfield com posed the first Board of School Trustees, and there were sixty scholars in the district. The first term of the district school was taught by MV. Alfred M. 554 HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. Webster, the second term by Mr. Chanceford R. Barber, and the amount paid to the teachers for the school year was $76.29. In 1852, a steam saw-mill was erected by Cornelius Woodruff, which was purchased by George D'. Read, Esq., in the Fall of the same year, and the miU furnished a large number of ties for the Illinois Central Railroad, then being built. In the same year, Alfred Helm erected a distillery, and operated it until 1856, when it was converted into a steam flouring-mill, by Theron Palmeter, and became useful to humanity. When the railroad was completed and the new town of Polo, about one mile , east, sprang into existence, Buffalo lost its prestige, became " Old Town," and in 1878 there was no store within its limits. , A brief sketch of an institution which was opened in 1853, and exercised a powerful and salutary influence in this part of the county and State, for two years, will form a fitting close for this brief history of the old town of St. Marion, afterward Buffalo. This was THE ROCK RIVER NORMAL SCHOOL. This school was established at Buffalo, in 1853, by the energy and perse verance of Prof. John W. Frisbee. Mr. Frisbee was a native of Delaware County, N. Y., and graduated with honor at the State Normal School of Albany, N. Y., in 1847. He taught school in his native county until May, 1849, when he came West and located at Buffalo, full of enthusiasm in the noble work to which he devoted his life, engaged in teaching, and secured the confidence of the people and the affection of his pupils to a remarkable degree. In the Winter of 1849-50, he taught a private school in the building occupied by Isaiah Wilcoxon as a dwelling and post oflSce, the school being " up stairs.' In the Winter of 1851-2, he taught in the old school house, a new one having been erected, and at the same time the Winter term of the public school was taught by Misses Phrocine (afterward Mrs. J. W. Frisbee) and Adelaide White side. In the Winter of 1852-3, Mr. Frisbee's school was in a room over Johnston's shoemaker shop, now the residence of Charles E. Reed. But this did not fill the measure of his ambition. He had long cherished the idea of establishing a normal school, and to the accomplishment of which object he devoted all his energies. In the Spring and Summer of 1853, he erected, aided by subscriptions (in shares of $10, to be refunded in tuition), a building on the east side of the State road, a few rods south of the town plat, on the east half of the southeast quarter of Section 17, Township 23 N., Range 8 E. This building was two stories in height, and built of what is termed "grout," and, in fulfillment of his long cherished hopes, he opened the " Rock River Normal School " in August, 1853. Following is a copy of Mr. Frisbee's first circular, which possesses historical interest : BOOK RIVER NORMAL SCHOOL. [Located at Buffalo Grove, III.) This School will open Monday, August 8, 1853, quarter to continue eleven weeks. The Winter Term will commence the first Monday in November, and continue twenty-two weeks. This Institution is designed : 1. For those who have not had the advantages of an early educa tion. 2. For those who are preparing to teach. 3. For those who desire a complete course of English Studies. Tuition per quarter of Eleven Weeks : For Common Branches, |3.00 ; for Higher Branches and Mathematics, $4.00. Persons may procure their tuition at one-fourth less than the full price by taking a share (|10) or shares in the Institution. The Principal will be happy to meet his friends at the School Building, on the opening of the Institution (Monday, August 8th), at 10 A. M., when he will explain more fully the plan of the School, and give opportunity to those desirous of aiding it to become subscribers. Bufifalo Grove, August 1, 1863. J. W. FRISBEE, Principal. HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. 555 The school was conducted with remarkable ability for two years, but the brilliant principal did not live to realize the full fruition of his hopes. He was elected County Superintendent of Schools, and while conducting a Teachers' Institute at Oregon, in October, 1855, contracted the seeds of disease, from over work, which terminated his useful life, November 26, 1855, at the age of 28 years. Hon. J. D. Campbell, in his Centennial sketch of Buffalo Township, The deepest sorrow was manifested over the loss of this brilliant teacher and accomplished gentleman. The writer cannot forbear to record here his grateful memory of the kindiiess of this noble hearted man to him in his youthful days, when we roamed the flowery dells and ¦climbed the beetling cliifs of •' old Delaware County" together. It is proper to add that his old pupils and friends, in 1858, subscribed a fund sufficient to erect an appropriate monument to his memory, which was erected over his grave in the old cemetery at Buffalo ; and his name is now mentioned gratefully and affectionately by his pupils of twenty-four years ago, who still remember his faithful and earnest devotion to the cause of education and religion. After Prof. Frisbee's death, the school was continued until the following Spring by Dr. J. H. More and Romeyn Whiteside. In the Summer of 1856, the pubhc school taught by Mrs. Phrocine Frisbee and Hattie B. Frisbee (now Mrs. J. H. More) was, for convenience, held in the Normal School building. In the Winter of 1856-57, Mr. N. B. Heth taught school in the building, fol lowed by Mr. Orello Cone, in the Winter of 1857-58, and by Mr. John W. Clinton in the Summer following. The building was taken down about 1862, and a portion of its walls used in the construction of sidewalks. Buffalo Grove was called "Nanusha" by the Indians, the word signifying "Buffalo," from the fact that the grove called by that name was formerly a favorite resort for these animals,- and immense quantities of buffalo bones were found in this locality after the arrival of the white settlers. Hence the name, "Buffalo Grove." About 1849 or 1850, Zenas Aplington, who owned a portion ofthe land on which the original town of Polo was afterward built, moved the frame house built in 1836 by William Merritt in the old town of St. Marion (afterward called Buffalo) to his farm and located on the prairie about a mile, a little north of east of Buffalo. On the north side of the house he planted some locust trees. When the town was afterward surveyed, these trees were found to be in a street, which was named Locust street from that fact, and his house was about in the center of Lot 1, Block 21, near Franklin street. There was also a log cabin near the southern limits of the original town, occupied by Jared Webster, and these were the only buildings standing on the prairie at that time. In the Winter of 1851, the Illinois Central Railroad Company was incor porated, and in the Spring and early Summer following, several routes were sur veyed through Ogle County from Dixon to' Freeport. These surveys were com pleted before August, and then before location was definitely made, right of way must be secured, as will be seen from the following copy of a letter to Chester K. Williams, Esq.: Receiver's Office, Dixon, Im., August 1, 1851. Dear Sir; I take the liberty of enclosing you one of the relinquishments which the Central Railroad Company will require every man to sign who gives the right of way through his land. Much will depend, so far as the location of the road is concerned, upon the cost of the right of way, and would recommend that you agitate the subject among those in your vicinity who own land on the surveyed route from hare to Freeport, and inform them of the necessity of giving 556 HISTORY OF OGLB COUNTY. the right of way. Your early attention to this matter may be the means of having the road located in the neighborhood of your place. I am, sir, Very respectfully, your obedient servant, CYRUS ALDRICH. The location of the road south of this point unmistakably indicates the origi nal design to have been to pass through Buffalo, but owing to difficulty in secur ing the right of way, and objections on the part of some of the prominent citizens of that town owning real estate, the original design was changed and the road was located about a mile east of the original survey through Apling- ton's farm, where the present city of Polo was founded. Early in the Spring of 1852, the road having been located, contracts were awarded and vigorous work commenced all along the line. Mr. Aplington had the contract for eight miles, extending northward from a point about a mile south of the present limits of the city. Soon after securing the contract, Mr. Aplington moved another frame building from Buffalo, placed it on the north east corner of Block 21, corner of Franklin and Locust streets, and used it for an oflSce and store, and here was the first store in Polo. He also built a black smith shop, which was, after the town was laid out, on the north side of Locust street, near the southwest corner of Lot 7, Block 22. In March, 1853, or earher, a town plat, called by the proprietors the "Town of Polo," in honor of Marco Polo, the celebrated Venetian traveler, had been laid out and surveyed by Charles W. Joiner, County Surveyor of Ogle County, assisted by Cyrus Torrey and John Nyman, chainmen. This town plat was" " partly on the northeast quarter of Section No. 16, and partly on southeast quarter of Section No. 9, in Township 23, North Range 8 East of Fourth Principal Meridian." It was bounded on the north, on the west side of the railroad, by North street, and on the east side of the railroad by Dixon street ; on the east by Prairie street ; south, it extended to what is now Webster street, and the western boundary was marked on the plat as the " Buffalo and Free- port road," now Division street. On the 21st day of March, 1853, Mr. Joiner certified on the back of the original plat that he had " laid out and surveyed the within town plat, called the Town of Polo;" and he further certified "that said town was laid out at the instance and request of Benjamin B. Provost, John Dement and Zenas Aplington, the proprietors of thesame." Mr. Provost was the Chief Engineer of the Illinois Central Railroad, and Dement was a well-known citizen of Dixon ; Aplington, the farmer, whose farm had thus become the site of a future city. The original plat embraces about one-sixth of the present territory of the city of Polo. Various additions have since been made, among which were Chatfield's First and Second, Aplington's First and Second, Luckey's, Hull's, Burns & Goodhue's, Rufus Perkins', Barber's, Fisher's, Waterbury 's First and Second, Herrick's, Cutts' and others. The first public sale of lots after the town was laid out was in May, 1853, but the plat was not acknowledged by the proprietors until February, 1854, and was recorded March 15, 1854, when those who had purchased lots began to want deeds. The railroad was practically completed in December, 1853. Memoranda in the possession of C. K. Williams, Esq., enable him to state that the con tractors had completed their work before December 1, 1853. The bridge across Rock River, at Dixon, however, was delayed, and was not completed for the passage of trains until about a year later, the first train crossing about January 1, 1855 ; but trains were previously run on the new road from Freeport south HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. 557 to Forreston and Polo, and the road was ironed further north. Mr. Bassett states that he shipped lumber, and other materials for building, from Chicago, via the Galena & Chicago Union, from Freeport, thence to Forreston, on the Ilhnois Central, in the early Spring of 1854. The road was completed, ready for traffic, before the completion of the bridge at Dixon. In the total absence of reliable records from which to obtain accurate in formation, it is impossible to determine from the memories of those who were here at that time, how much the town was improved during the Summer of 1853, while the railroad was approaching completion. It does not seem probable that the purchasers of lots in May, 1853, would permit them to remain unimproved for any considerable time. Western towns were not built in that way. Mr. Martin F. Bassett, who came to Polo in August, 1853, states that Harrison Coller commenced building a house on the west side of Franklin street, just north of the stone building occupied in 1878 by J. D. Campbell, Esq., in the Fall of 1853, and pushed it to completion as rapidly as possible. How many others were engaged in similar work cannot now be determined, but it is certain that some improvements were made during the Summer and Fall of 1853. The first brick building erected in Polo was built by Zenas Aplington, at the north east corner of Mason and Franklin streets, which is still standing. There is a difference of opinion, or of remembrance, rather, in relation to the date of the erection of this building, but from the best information at hand it appears prob able that the excavations were made and the foundation walls laid in the Sum mer of 1853 ; that the walls of the brick superstructure were erected later in the same year ; and that the building was so far completed that late in the Fall Mr. Aplington moved his goods from the old store into the basement, and added a new stock soon after. Mr. Bassett states that Mr. Daniel Higley bought a small stock of goods and occupied the old store vacated by Mr. Aplington, shortly after the latter moved into his new building. Mr. Aplington finished his building during the Winter following, and in the Spring of 1854, opened his store on the first fioor. Among the first wants to be supplied in a town just springing into exist ence, as Polo was at that time, was hotel accommodations. The first to be built was a story and a half house,with a wing, on Lot 12, Block 14, on the east side of Franklin street, north of the alley in the rear of Aplington's building. It was built by Aranda Kellogg, in the Fall and Winter of 1853-4, who after ward sold it to Ahira Sanford. About the same time, John Jay built a public house on the southeast corner of Block 23, corner of Franklin and Dixon streets. The precise date of the erection of these taverns cannot now be de termined, but they were both said to be open to the public in the Spring of 1854. In the Spring of 1854, the larger part of the town was yet owned by Messrs. Provost, Dement and Aplington, but from that date the work of build ing the new town was vigorously prosecuted. The music of the saw and the hammer was heard on every hand. During that season, a large number of buildings were erected, and the population had increased so rapidly that, in the Winter of 1854^5, a school was opened, by Lucy A. Bassett, in a small build ing erected by Mr. Williams, known as the "Williams Building," on the north side of Mason street, near Division. The following Summer, she taught school in a building near the corner of Division and Locust streets. In 1855, Harrison Sanford built a two-story brick building on the south east corner of Block 21, corner of Mason and Franklin streets. This building was designed for a hotel, and, when completed, was opened as the "Sanford 558 HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. House." Subsequently, another story was added to this house, and a new wing was built ; but it was considered unsafe, and was razed to give place to a better structure about 1870. Soon after the Sanford House was built, in the Fall and Winter of 1855-6, Mr. Pearson Shoemaker built a hotel on the southwest corner of Block 9, on the corner of the railroad way and Depot street. This, in 1878, is called the Orient House, and the original builder is the proprietor. The corner stone of the Presbyterian Church was laid in 1855, and the edifice was completed and dedicated to the Living God in 1857. A Lodge of A., F. & A. M. was organized in 1855, followed in March, 1856, by a Lodge of Odd Fellows. In 1856, the first printing office was established in Polo. From it was issued, for a few months, a Democratic paper called the Polo Sentinel, F. 0. Austin, publisher. [See " Press," on page 447]. The act incorporating the town of Polo was approved February 16, 1857, and this act was amended February 18, 1859. Soon after its incorporation, the charter was accepted, and the town was legally organized by the election of a Board of Trustees. [See "Political Organization."] The first Station Agent at Polo was S. Y. Perce, until the road was com pleted. The first physicians were Drs. Wm. W. Burns and Robert Fisher. The first attorney was T. 0. Baird, who remained but a short time ; the first to locate permanently was the Hon. John D. Campbell, in 1855, followed by J. W. Carpenter soon after. In 1858, Messrs. Goodwillie, Cairns & Jimmerson erected a steam planing- mill, sash, door and blind factory, at a cost of $4,000, which has been in operation but a portion of the time since. In the Fall of the same year, Mr. F. 0. Wilder commenced the manufacture of melodeons, but abandoned the enterprise about a year afterward. Mr. Cor nelius Woodruff erected a stone building on the east side of Franklin street, a short distance south of Mason, at a cost of $5,000. Polo Lodge, I. 0. 0. F., added the third story to this building, finished and furnished it for an Odd Fellows' Hall, which at that time was considered one of the finest in the State. During the year 1858, fifty-five buildings were erected, valued at $35,000. In 1868, Mr. William Illingworth erected a flouring-mill in Polo, at a cost of some eighteen thousand dollars, which was subsequently purchased by Messrs. Black Brothers, and has proven to be a profitable enterprise and a great convenience to the citizens of the township and surrounding country. In the Fall and Winter of 1870-1, "Exchange Block" was erected, on the northwest corner of Mason and Franklin streets, on the site of the old Sanford House, by Messrs. Wayne & Schell, at a cost of $23,000. It is a fine brick building, three stories, 44x88 feet. The Exchange National Bank occupies the southeast corner of the building, on the first fioor. The Post Office and Mr. Chaffee's confectionery store occupy the first floor fronting Franklin street, and the store fronting Mason street is occupied by H. W. Fagley as a dry goods store. The Exchange Hotel occupies the two upper stories and the north room on the ground floor. This hotel was opened by Col. J. H. Prescott, in May, 1872 ; and in 1878, under his management, it is one of the best managed, coziest, most home-like hotels in the State. In 1877. the City Building was erected on the east side of Franklin street, a short distance south of Mason. It is a handsome brick building, one story high, and contains the city offices and police station. HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. 559 BUSINESS INTERESTS. From 1844 to 1858-9, the growth of the town was vigorous and rapid. In 1857, the new town contained an estimated population of 1,000 and at the close of 1858 its business interests were summed up as follows : Two printing offices and newspapers, three hotels, nine grain dealers, seven dry goods stores, two drug and book stores, two hardware stores, two millinery stores, one melodeon factory, one wind grist-mill, one steam planing-mill, three blacksmith shops, two bakeries, fifteen carpenters, four shoe shops, three law yers, two coal yards, one wagon factory, one wood turner, three tailors, one cooper shop, three harness shops, one tin shop, one paint and oil store, two painters, two dentists, four practicing physicians, one funiture room and cabinet shop, and four lumber yards. In the next year, 1859, Geo. Huntley & Co. began the manufacture of R. K. Frisbee's patent broadcast sower and drill combined. In 1878, the principal business interests of the city are represented as follows : General Merchandise. — C. F. Barber, September, 1859 ; Bingamen & Cunningham, 1860 ; S. H. Shoop, 1864 ; M. Meyers & Son, 1869 ; 0. Z. Hicks, 1867 ; D. L. Miller, 1867. Dry Goods.— B.. W. Fagley, 1876; D. G. Hayes, ; B. Welch, 1876. Groceries. — A. Ellicott, 1866 ; Finfrock & Baker, 1870 ; Joseph Geeting, 1872; S. Beard & Brother, 1874; L. A. Newcomer, 1877; Grangers' Com mission Store, 1876. Druggists and Apothecaries. — J. L. Spear, 1865 ; T. Aldrich, 1866. Books and Stationery. — The Druggists. Paints, Oils and Notions. — Smith & Thomas, 1870. Boots and Shoes. — J. J. Thompson, 1872. Clothing and Gents' Furnishing Goods. — Wilson Allen, 1856 ; M. Grimm, 1874. Tailors.— A. J. Grant, 1873 ; S. B. Lowe. Hardware, Stoves and Tinware. — Gibbs & Woolsey, 1868 ; A. H. Treat, 1870; Weast & Grimm, 1872; J. R. Phelps, 1856. Corifectionery, Fruits, etc.—G. Chaffee, 1863 ; Jacob M. Powell, 1877. (It is to be remarked that there is no "saloon" for the sale of beer or stronger liquors in the city of Polo, and has not been for more than thirteen years. The establishments above mentioned are elegantly fitted up, with ice cream parlors attached, and furnish fashionable resorts for the young people of the city.) Mrs. G. Chaffee, 1878 ; J. Bamborough, 1869. Millinery.— Mrs. S. G. Winn, 1861 ; Mrs. J. Vickers, 1875 ; Miss Jennie Mitchell, 1875 ; Mrs. Atkins, 1861 ; Mrs. Middleton, 1877. Hats, Caps and Clothing, — Jacob Nodeck, 1877. Butter and Bggs.—O, F. Geeting, 1869 ; St. John & Smith, 1875. Tobacco and Cigars, — A. Jenks, 1877. Lumber, Etc.— George W. Perkins, 1870 ; Yeakle & Snyder, 1872. Coal and Wood, — Patrons of Husbandry, Joint Stock Association, 1876; F. 0. Newman, 1875 (succeeded his father, P. W. Newman, who commenced in 1860) ; Yeakle & Snyder, 1877. Stationery and News Depot, — Hiram A. Ferris, 1874. Farm Machinery. — I. D. Appleford, 1873 ; Grangers' Commission Store, 1876. Hotels.— Excha.nge Hotel, J. H. Prescott, Proprietor, 1872 ; Orient House, P. Shoemaker, 1866 ; Haines House, William Haines, 1857. 560 HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. Meat Markets.— A. W. Schell, 1873 ; J. W. Hammer, 1876 ; Hays k Peltz, 1877. Furniture and Carpels. — W. Strickler, 1869. Physicians and Surgeons. — W. W. Burns, 1853 ; Clarence M. Whiting, 1875; John P. Landon, 1875; J. B. Snyder, 1875; Geo. L.- Chapman, 1867; Mrs. M. A. Scidmore. (The last named Homoeopaths.) Dentists.— W. W. Krape, 1873 ; B. B. Maydwell, 1875. Attorneys. — John D. Campbell, 1855 ; James C. Luckey, 1857 ; Morton D. Swift, 1861 ; Orris Mosher, 1877. Insurance. — Schryver & Clark, Life and Fire Insurance and Loans, corner Division and Mason streets ; James Lawson, 1866 ; John Mickler, 1871. Printer. — J. W. Clinton, Editor and Proprietor of Ogle County Press, 1865. Jewelers.— J. W. Cushman, 1870 ; M. C. Kummerer, 1870. Harness Makers. — C. Waterbury, 1874 ; H. Becker, 1867 ; J. L. Dean, 1871. Photographers.—^. W. Krause, 1877 ; S. S. Johnston, 1862. Wagon Factories.— ii ohn P. Miller, 1857 ; John W. Brown, 1875. Blacksmiths. — Saltzman & Lower, 1851; J. F. Stroheker, 1878; Wm. T. P. Gageby, William Barkman, W. S. Cooper. Carpenters. — Daniel Hibarger, Salathiel Hibarger, R. Hibarger, James Cairns, Geo. Nym'an, Luther Morse, J. H. Bogardus, Daniel E. Baker, Stephen Adams, Romanzo Fisher, J. Price Miller, N. & J. Weldon. Shoemakers.— Renry Wolf, 1856 ; J. W. Shafer, 1859 ; Charles Middle kauff, 1873. Wagon Shops. — Isaac Renner, 1866 ; William G. Carley, 1877. Livery Stables.— Walker & Smith, 1868 ; Leander Griffin, 1867. Marble Works.— M. J. Hazeltine, 1868. Restaurants. — Daniel S. Wisner, 1876. Barbers.— Wmasm. Trotter, 1875 ; W. Starr, 1874. Billiards. — Ed. Beemer, 1875. Coopers.— 3. H. Harrison, 1877 ; J. G. A. Clopper, 1868. Postmaster. — John W. Clinton, 1878. The commercial importance of Polo will appear from the following statis tics : Amount of dry goods sold by her merchants during 1877, $135,000 ; groceries, $131,000 ; hardware, $50,000 ; farming implements, $73,000. There were shipped by cars from the railroad depot, during the past year, 290 head of horses, 2,261 head of cattle, 1,082 head of sheep, 19,909 head of hogs, 327,000 pounds of butter and 370 car loads of grain of all kinds. During two weeks ending April 10, 1878, two car loads of eggs were shipped from Polo. Large quantities of cheese are shipped from this point. The business of Polo would be largely increased by a more liberal policy on, the part of the railroad managers. Banks. — The Exchange National Bank of Polo was organized under the national banking act, in 1871, with a capital stock of $60,000. R. Wagner, President ; H. W. McClure, Vice President ; W. T. Schell, Cashier. In April, 1872, its capital stock was increased to $80,000. Present officers, Reuben Wagner, President ; Romanzo G. Shumway, Vice President ; WiUiam T. Schell, Cashier. The banking house of Barber & Trumbauer was organized March 2, 1874, located in " Aplington Block," on the northeast corner of Mason and Franklin streets. HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. 561 Polo Manufacturing Company was organized under the general law of the State, in 1874, with a capital stock of $25,000. It was organized for the pur pose of manufacturing the " King-Funk Polo Harvester " invented by Lauranus F. King, and improved by H. M. Funk, both citizens of Polo. Its large and commodious manufactory and warehouse are located just south of the cor porate limits of the city, on the west side of the railroad, south of Oregon street. In 1876, this company manufactured five hundred of these popular machines. The present officers of the company are Reuben Wagner, President ; H. M. Funk, Vice President ; L. F. King, Secretary and Treasurer ; Directors, R. Wagner, H. M. Funk, L. F. King, Herman Barthell, Elias Baker. Polo Harvester Company, organized in 1874 with a capital stock of $25,000, for the purpose of manufacturing the "Porter Harvester," invented by Mr. Henry Porter, a citizen of Polo. In 1876, this company manufactured 250 of these excellent implements ; in 1877, 125. Its shops and warehouse are located on Dixon street, just north of the depot. Its present officers are T. Aldrich, President ; J. P. Scott, Vice President ; T. T. Schell, Treasurer ; Rufus Perkins, Secretarv ; Directors, T. Aldrich, R. Perkins, T. T. Schell, G. M. Hunt and J. P. Scott. Buffalo Mutual Fire Insurance Company. — This company is a township organization under "An Act to Incorporate and Govern Mutual Fire Insurance Companies in Townships," approved April 3, 1872, authorized by C. E. Lip- pincott. Auditor of State, ex officio Insurance Commissioner, March 3, 1874 ; organized March 14, 1874, in the Grange room. Polo. Present : N. P. Scott, James Frazier, James Reed, Wm. Illingsworth, F. G. Jones, C. G. Holbrook, E. S. Waterbury, J. L. Moore, A. F. Moore, Wm. M. Mason, Jordan Lawrence, A. J. Sanborn, Elias Osterhoudt, C. W. Sammis, D. B. Ayers, Geo. Waterbury, Charles Perkins, James H. Judson, Solomon Beard, Adam Esterly, Nelson Sweet, C. R. Barber, G. M. Bently. First Board of Directors : Francis G. Jones, President ; A. J. Sanborn, Secretary ; E. S. Waterbury, Treasurer ; A. F. Moore, Jordan Lawrence, C. G. Holbrook, Elias Osterhoudt, C. W. Sammis, W. M. Mason. Directors, 1878: F. G. Jones, President; E. S. Waterbury, Secretary and Treasurer ; J. Li Moore, Nicholas McGrath, Elias Osterhoudt, George Brand, C. G. Hol- bi*ook, Jordan Lawrence, James L. Reed. Patrons of Husbandry Joint Stock Association, of Polo, was organized under the general law of the State, January 23, 1876. Section 2 of its by-laws declares that the time this corporation shall exist shall be ninety-nine years from the 26th day of January, 1876. It was organized with a capital stock of $1,000, divided into shares of $10 each, subscribed by eighty-three stockholders. Officers elected Directors, Wm. Apple, Jonathan Meyers, Sr., George Yates, D. F. Miller, F. G. Jones, James F. Frisbee, William T. Porter, President ; D. F. Miller; Secretary, J. F. Frisbee; Treasurer, F. G. Jones; Business Manager, E. S. Waterbury. These officers have been continued without change to the present time (April, 1878). The object of this corporation was declared to be to supply the members of the " Patrons of Husbandry " or others who may desire, with agricultural imple ments and machinery, and such other farm supplies as are generally required by farmers, at the lowest cash price ; to buy and sell such farm products as may be deemed advisable, etc. The profits are divided semi-annually after paying the running expenses, as follows: Ten per cent, per annum to the stockholders on the capital stock, and 562 HISTORY OF OGLB COUNTY. the balance pro rata according to the amount purchased by each individual stockholder, at the store of the association. In January, 1877, the capital stock of the corporation was increased to $3,000. POLITICAL ORGANIZATION. An act of the General Assembly of Illinois, entitled " An act to incorpo rate the town of Polo, in the county of Ogle and State of Illinois," was approved February 16, 1857. At a meeting of the citizens, held in the base ment of the store occupied by Zenas Aplington & Co., April 16, 1857, J. B. Moore, George Swingley and R. H. Van Santford were chosen Judges, and Nathan J. Betts and John R. Phelps, Clerks, of the election, to whom the oath of office was administered by Virgil A. Bogue, Justice of the Peace. The charter was accepted ; 127 ballots were cast — 84 for the charter and 43 against the charter. On the same day, Zenas Aplington, John B. Moore, Cornelius Woodruff, J. M. Eeed, James Brand, S. E. Treat and H. N. Murray were elected Trustees of the Corporation. April 18, the Board organized by the choice of Zenas Aplington, President, and J. B. Moore, Clerk. Jonas M. Reed was elected Treasurer ; Philo W. Newman, Street Commissioner ; John J. Wood, Constable. Mr. Newman resigned the office of Street Commissioner, and on the 25th, John R. Phelps was appointed. The first ordinance passed was one fixing license fees for shows and enter tainments, as follows: Circus, $15.00 ; traveling vocalists, each performance, $5.00; "jugglers," thimble players, rope dancers, sleight-of-hand performers, each performance, $5.00 ; panoramas and paintings, $1.00. A poll tax of two days' labor was levied " upon each and every man over 21 years of age not ex empted by law." A penalty of $1.25 was imposed for refusal, but the tax might be commuted on payment of $1.00 per day. April 25, the Board appro priated $10.00 for the purpose of stationery and candles. By an ordinance passed June 27, it was made unlawful for any person to appear within the cor porate limits of the town in a state of drunkenness ; penalty, a fine of not less than two or more than ten dollars. July 25, J. B. Moore and J. M. Reed were appointed to " wait on the Street Commissioner and invite him to resign," and on the 8th of August that official tenderedhis resignation, which was accepted. August 15, it was ordered that "the porch of H. Sanford, on Mason street, be lowered one foot." September 25, the office of " Fire Warden " was created, and G. D. Read and Daniel Buck were appointed. December 17, Campbell & Carpenter were appointed Corporation Attorneys. George D. Read was the first Police Justice. Trustees, 1858— L. N. Barber, President ; J. B. Moore, Clerk ; Cornelius Woodruff, Treasurer ; James Brand, Harrison N. Murray, J. W. Carpenter and Robert Fisher. Attorney, J. D. Campbell ; Constable and Street Com missioner, J. R. Phelps. The act of incorporation was amended February 18, 1859, and thereafter the people elected^ President, Treasurer and six Trustees. 1859 — President, Rufus K. Frisbee ; Treasurer, H. Sanford ; Trustees, Adam Highbarger, John D. Campbell, J. H. Funk, James Brand, George Weaver, S. C. Peek. S. C. Peek, Clerk ; J. D. Campbell, Attorney. The following is a copy of the oath administered to the President and Trus tees, by George D. Read, Justice of the Peace : I do solemnly swear that I will support the Constitution of the United States and of the State of Illinois and the charter of the town of Polo ; and that I will, according to the best, of my judgment and ability, diligently, faithfully and impartially perform all the duties enjoined upon I HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. 563 mc or us, as Trustees of the Town of Polo, County of Ogle, State of Illinois. We, and each one of us, do solemnly swear that I have not fought a duel nor been sent or accepted a challenge to fight a duel, the probable issues of which might have been the death of either party, nor been a second to either party nor in any manner assisted in such duel, nor been, knowingly, the bearer of such challenge or acceptance since the adoption of the Constitution, and that we will nnt be so engaged or concerned, directly or indirectly, in or about any such duel during our continu ance in office. So help us God. This was under the old Constitution, under which a duelist could hold no office in the State. A similar oath was taken by all civil officers in the State until the adoption of the new Constitution. In April of this year the Clerk made the following entry upon the records : An informal ballot was had upon the question of license or no license, which resulted in a, tie, when the President cast his vote against license. August 12, 1859, an ordinance creating a Fire Department was passed. This ordinance provided that " every person in said corporation who shall have or keep a store, shop, office, or other place of business, shall furnish a common bucket, keep the same at all times filled with water in such store, shop, office or other place of business, for the purpose of extinguishing fires." October 15th, a Police Department was established, consisting of four policeman and a night watchman. Edwin G. Ferris, Marshall D. Higley, Jonathan C. Speilman and George J. Kinney were appointed policemen, and Nicholas Welden, night watchman. November 28th, George Weaver and Walter Carpenter were "elected to have licenses to sell spirituous liquors." December 23d, an ordinance was passed locating a " lock-up " in the center of Colden street, west of Franklin street. 1860. — President, J. M. Reed ; Trustees, James G. Brown, Leander Gor don, John S. Nelson, Albert Botsford, J. C. Saltzman and Philo W. Newman ; Clerk, Leander Gordon ; Attorney, J. W. Carpenter. June 8, I860, the license for selling " spirituous, vinuous and malt liquors" was fixed at $250 per annum, payable quarterly in a.dvance ; for selling beer and ale, $40. Persons taking out licenses were required to give bonds that they would keep " orderly houses and not allow gambling under any circumstances in their houses." 1861. — President, Rufus K. Frisbee ; Treasurer, J. M. Reed ; Trustees, J. C. Burbank (Clerk), J. K. Frost, George Lawson, William Pine, Henry Newcomer, C. Woodruff; Attorneys, Campbell & Carpenter. 1862. — President, James G. Brown ; Treasurer, John H. Funk ; Trustees, Leander Gordon (Clerk), Harrison Sanford, James O'Kane, Philo W. Newman, George Weaver, Alexander McCuUy ; Attorney, J. C. Luckey. 1863. — President, James G. Brown ; Treasurer, H. N. Murray ; Trustees, Samuel H. Shoop (Clerk), John H. Funk, George Weaver, C. D. Wadsworth, P. W. Newman, William T. Cooper ; Attorney, J. C. Luckey. 1864. — President, Reuben Wagner ; Treasurer, W. S. Goodhue ; Trustees, Walter T. Pierce (Clerk), William W. Barnes, 'William Pine, William Barkman, John P. Miller, James C. Burbank ; Attorney, Morton D. Swift. This Board refused to grant licenses for sale of liquors, and none have been granted since. 1865. — (March 11, the President and Board of Trustees being of opinion that a legal election could not be held on the 13th, in accordance with the notices posted, ordered the election deferred " until the Judges of Election make the proper register of voters," consequently the election was not held until January 5th. President, William W. Burns; Treasurer, Robert S. Hitt; Trustees, Carlos Herrick (Clerk), William Pine, John R. Phelps, Joseph Watson, Thomas B. Benedict, Stephen M. Slade ; Attorney, M. D. Swift. 564 HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. 1866 — President, William W. Burns ; Treasurer, Robert S. Hitt ; Trustees, Carlos Herrick (Clerk), J. C. Saltzman, S. M. Slade, J. R. Phelps, George Weaver, Andrew M. Hitt ; Attorneys, Campbell & Swift. 186'7 — President, John D. Campbell; Treasurer, C. F. Barber; Trustees, Franklin W. Dawson (Clerk), Solomon Beard, Joseph Watson, Reuben Wag ner, Virgil A. Bogue, Lyman Preston ; Attorney, J. D. Campbell. 1868 — President, John D. Campbell ; Treasurer, C. F. Barber ; Trustees, Solomon Beard (Clerk), Henry D. Parmalee, Lyman Preston, Reuben Wagner, B. B. Gallagher, George Lawson ; Attorney, John D. Campbell. CITY OF POLO. The "Act to incorporate the City of Polo, Ogle County," was approved February 19, 1869. At this time, the population was about eighteen hundred. On the 27th of February, a meeting was held at the Sanford House, and the charter was accepted — 190 votes were cast "for city charter," and 137 "against city charter." The provisions of the charter of the city of Polo are essentially the same as those of all other city charters, except one section, which distinguishes it from all others in the State. Section 43 provides that " No person or corporation shall sell, barter, exchange, dispose of or give away within the boundaries of said city any whisky, rum, gin, brandy, wine, ale, beer, porter, lager beer, nor any strong, fermented, spirituous, vinous, malt or mixed liquors, nor any Drake's Planta tion Bitters, Hostetter' s Bitters, Jockey Club Bitters, Red Jacket Bitters, brandy peaches, or any so-called patent medicines composed in part of intoxi cating liquors, for any purpose, without a license so to do from the Common Council. Any person violating the provisions of this section shall be fined therefor not less than ten dollars nor more than seventy-five dollars for each offense." This law, adopted by the people and generally enforced by the authorities, has given this fair young city a wider and brighter fame than any other act. It is indeed the brightest jewel in her coronet of glory. By the terms of the charter, the President, Trustees and Police Magistrate of the town of Polo were constituted Mayor, Aldermen and Police Magistrate ofthe city. Consequently, upon the acceptance ofthe charter, John D. Camp bell became Mayor ; Messrs. Beard, Parmalee, Preston, Wagner, Gallagher and Lawson, Aldermen ; Hamilton Norton, Police Magistrate ; S. Beard, City Clerk. March 8, 1869, the following officers were elected, viz. : Mayor, George M. Hunt; Aldermen, C. S. Bichholtz, Henry Newcomer, J. H. Elward, T. B. Cutts, I. H. Trumbauer and V. B. Webster; Police Magistrate, George D. Read ; City Clerk, Wm. T. Schell ; City Attorney, J. D. Campbell ; City Marshal, I. S. Struble ; Street Commissioner, W. B. Nutter. By the new charter, the Police Magistrate had extraordinary jurisdiction in civil suits to the extent of $250. 1869— Mayor, George M. Hunt; Aldermen, I. H. Trumbauer, J. H. El ward, T. B. Cutts, C. S. Eichholtz, U. Newcomer, and ; Clerk, W. T. Schell. 1870 — Mayor, George M. Hunt ; Aldermen, Isaac H. Trumbauer, John Bingaman, William Barkman, John J. Ellicott, C. H. Eichholtz, Wm. EUing- worth ; Clerk, W. T. Schell. 1871 — Mayor, Wayland S. Goodhue ; Aldermen, Solomon Beard, Wm. T. Smith, Geo. C. Gibbs, John B. More, John R. Phelps, John P. Miller ; Clerk, Daniel L. Miller. r- POLO A^.^. HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. 567 1872 — Mayor, W. W. Burns ; Aldermen, P. W. Newman, M. F. Bassett, E. G. Smith, Benj. Hammer, W. T. Smith, C. S. Black; Clerk, D. L. Miller. 1873— Mayor, W. W. Burns ; Aldermen, E. G. Smith, C. K. Williams, I. H. Trumbauer, C. S. Black, J. C. Luckey, W. H. Barkman ; Clerk, Henry Aplington. 1874 — Mayor, Geo. C. Gibbs ; Aldermen, Henry C. Peek, Calvin Water bury, C. S. Black, Wm. T. Smith, John R. Phelps, Benj. Hammer; Clerk, James W. Allaben. 1875 — Mayor, Wm. W. Burns ; Aldermen, I. D. Appleford, John Atley, Joel R. Carll, I. C. Smith, Wm. Strickler, John P. Miller; Clerk, James W. Allaben. 1876 — Mayor, Walter W. Peirce ; Aldermen, Charles F. Barber, I. D. Appleford, James Lawson, Oliver Z. Hicks, John P. Miller, Henry M. Funk ; Clerk, James W. Allaben. 1877 — Mayor, Oliver Z. Hicks ; Aldermen, I. D. Appleford, George Wilde, John W. Cushman, James Peltz, H. M. Funk, I. C. Smith ; Clerk, Samuel W. Clark ; Treasurer, M. F. Bassett ; Attorney, J. D. Campbell ; Marshal, Levi Avery ; Street Commissioner, Warren Kline ; Police Magistrate, D. M. Leal. June 25, 1877, the people of the city voted to abandon the old charter, and re-organize under the general law, by a vote of 148 for to 15 against such re organization. The City Council declared " that the city of Polo is re-organized as a city, under the General Laws of Illinois, relating to cities, etc.," aJid the officers elected in March " hold over " until next election, in April, 1878. Es timated population of Polo, in 1878, 2,500. Township of Buffalo was organized in 1850, and at that time embraced the territory of the present township of Eagle Point, which was erected into a new township in 1871. The first Supervisor of Buffalo Township was Zenas Ap lington. The present township officers are : Supervisor, Charles W. Sammis ; As sistant Supervisor, Wm. L. Fearer; Town Clerk, J. C. Palmer; Assessor, Martin F. Bassett ; Collector, Stephen B. Lowe ; Road Commissioners, J. C. Aplington, Samuel W. Powell and Jeremiah Rand ; Justices of the Peace, J. H. Anderson, John Mickler and M. R. Trumbauer ; Constables, W. G. Atkins, J. Rand and R. S. Cornelius. Population of the township in 1878, 5,000. POST OFFICE. The post office of " Buffalo Grove, Jo Daviess County, Illinois," was estab lished in the Winter of 1833-4, and Elkanah B. Bush appointed Postmaster. The office was on the mail route from Peoria, via Dixon, to Galena. John D. Winters was the mail contractor, and carried the mail each way once a week. He had established a regular stage line on this route, and at that time run coaches and "four." Oliver W. Kellogg was Deputy Postmaster under Bush, and the office was kept at his tavern, near the north end of the town, at the southern edge of Buffalo Grove. After a few months, in 1834, Bush resigned. Kellogg was appointed Postmaster, and held the office until 1839, when Col. John D. Stevenson was appointed. Daniel Higley was appointed April 1, 1840 ; George D. Read, January, 1842. Read resigned and Joseph Kellogg was appointed, September 1, 1846; C. R. Barber, 1847; Isaiah Wilcoxon, 1849; Chester K. Williams, 1850 ; George D. Read, 1853 (was also appointed 568 HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. Mail Agent at the same time, and had supervision of all the post offices and routes in the Northern District of Illinois). In 1855, the people of the new town of Polo, on the Illinois Central Eailroad, wanted the post office at Buffalo Grove removed to Polo, or a new office established. The people of " Old Town " wanted to retain the office there. The authorities wisely decided that one office must serve for both towns, and a lively contest ensued ; but in No vember, 1855, the name was changed to Polo, and Postmaster Read removed the office in the night, for the purpose of avoiding trouble and litigation, to a building on the south side of Mason street, about half way between Franklin street and the railroad, now occupied by Joseph Geeting, where it was opened the next morning, as if nothing had happened. The people of Old Town, sub mitting to the inevitable, soon became reconciled to the change. The office was afterward removed to Dr. More's drug store, on the northeast corner of Frank lin and Locust streets ; and in 1858, to the north side of Mason street, about midway between Franklin and Division streets. Hamilton Norton was appointed Postmaster in 1861, and removed the office to Division street, three doors north of Mason. He was succeeded by John W. Clinton, the present efficient Post master, in April, 1875. The office is now located in Exchange Block, north west corner of Mason and Franklin streets. EDUCATIONAL. On the preceding pages appears a sketch of the first schools in the township, taught when the present site of Polo was an open prairie. The town was sur veyed and laid out in the Spring of 1853, and in the Winter of 1854-5, Miss Lucy A. Bassett opened a private school in a building built by Mr. Williams on the north side of Mason street, near Division. Miss Bassett also taught in the following Summer. In the Fall and Winter of 1855-6, John Savage kept school in Williams' Hall. April 1, 1856, School District No. 2, of Buffalo Township, including the entire town of Polo, was organized, and Rev. J. H. More, L. S. Allen and John Jay were elected Directors. This Board at once made arrangements with the Trustees of the Presbyterian Church, and secured the basement of their church building for a school room, and occupied it until the new school house was erected, in 1867—8. In the Summer of 1856, Helen Bogue was employed as teacher, followed in the Winter of 1856-7 by Alfred M. Webster ; Winter of 1857-8, Matthew Van Buskirk ; Summer of 1858, 0. Cone (private) ; Win ter of 1868-9, R. Whiteside ; 1859-60, J. W. Clinton ; 1860-61, Page. In the Spring of 1857, District No. 2 was divided, and all that part of the town south of Mason street was organized as School District No. 9 of Buffalo Township, with Allen C. Mason, Theron Palmeter and Seymour E. Treat, Di rectors. In this district a small one-story brick building was erected in the FaU of 1857, at a cost of $1,200, and the first school was taught by Miss Sarah H. Stevenson (now Mrs. Dr. Hackett-Stevenson, of Chicago). These two districts remained until 1867, when they were consolidated by an act of the General Assembly, entitled " An act to incorporate Polo School Dis trict," approved February 14, 1867. The act provided that Dr. William W. Burns, Col. Morton D. Swift and Andrew M. Hitt, Esq., should constitute the first Board of Education, to hold one, two and three years respectively, terms to be determined by lot. The Board met on the 19th of February and determined, by lot, the term of office of each, as follows : Dr. Burns, three years ; Col. Swift, two years, and Mr. Hitt, one year. Dr. W. W. Burns, Chairman ; A. M. Hitt was elected Clerk, and J. C. Luckey, Treasurer. HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. 569 February 28, 1867, offers for the erection of a new school building were received and placed on file from John H. Mowry, Daniel E. Baker, Salathiel Hibarger and Moses E. Sammis. At this meeting, Mr. Alexander Smith, of Chicago, presented a plan, with elevations, which were approved and adopted by the Board. Mr. Smith was appointed " Superintendent of Buildings " and authorized to contract for stone, lumber, etc. The building was located, by vote of the people of the district, on Lots 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7, Block 8, Barber's Addi tion, on the northwest corner of Locust and Congress streets, and work was commenced at once and prosecuted with such energy that the building was com pleted during the Autumn of the same year. This handsome building is of blue limestone, rock-work style, and cost about $20,000. Until the completion of the new school house, the school was continued in the basement of the Presby terian Church. Prof. Luman B. Searle was the first Principal; Assistants, Misses Carrie Ford, Dora Ford, Annie More, Annie Coleman and Julia E. Bogue. In the Winter of 1867-8, the school occupied the new building. In June, 1868, Reuben Wagner, Esq., was elected a member of the Board of Education, vice Hitt, term expired ; and in 1869, Hon. John D. Campbell succeeded Col. Swift, and since that time Dr. Burns and Messrs. Wagner and Campbell have served continuously, and constitute the present Board. March 12, 1869, Prof. Searle resigned, and the Spring term of that year commenced with Prof. Joshua Thorpe, Principal, and Misses Carrie Ford, Annie Kendall, Mary Mason, M. E. Daines and Lucy Webster, Assistants. April, 1870, Prof Joseph H. Freeman succeeded Mr. Thorpe, with Misses Martha Scoville, Mary Jessup, Mary Mason, M. E. Daines and Annie More, Assistants. In May, 1874, Prof Freeman resigned, and Prof. H. H. Smith became Principal, who remained until September, 1876, when Mr. Freeman again assumed control of the school. April, 1878, the Board of Instruction was as follows : Principal, Prof. Joseph H. Freeman ; Assistants, Misses Emma R. Pearson, Flora Carll, Mary L. Mason, Frankie M. Luckey, Inez Sammis, Annie Parmalee and Julia E. Read. There are six school rooms, four recitation rooms, and 526 scholars are enrolled. RELIGIOUS. " You raised these hallowed walls, the desert smiled, And Paradise was opened in the wild.'' — Pope. As the transformation of any country from a condition of barbarism to a state of civilization is the work of long time, so that branch of civilization, Religion, must be of slow development. For many years after the cabins of the immigrants began to dot the beauti ful prairies, religious worship was known only at the home firesides of those who, in distress and privation, had not forgotten their devotion to Him who had provided their dwelling place. The earliest public worship in Buffalo Town ship of which trace remains in history was conducted in the Fall of 1834, in the log house which Brookie and Bush were then building. The floor was not laid, and the audience, consisting of about twenty persons, sat on puncheons. The preacher on that occasion was a settler of Lynn Grove, now in Whiteside County, named John Tomlinson, who had been a local Baptist preacher. The M. E. Church was organized in 1836. Its first pastor was Rev. James McKean. His salary was about $100. Number of members, five. This society built a commodious church edifice in Polo in 1859. The present pastor is Rev. J. 0. Cramb, with a salary of $1,200 ; number of members in this church now is 245. A good parsonage is also owned by the society. J. 570 HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. C. Luckey is Superintendent of the Sabbath school, which holds its sessions in the basement room of the church. The Independent Presbyterian Church in Buffalo Township was the out growth of the old Congregational Church, and was organized May 5, 1848, with eleven church members, by Rev. Calvin Gray, D. R. Miller and R. M. Pearson, and occupied the Buffalo Grove Union Church. Rev. Mr. Gray first supplied the church and, after an interval, was succeeded by Rev. Wm. Todd, who received a salary of about $400. October 3, 1858, Rev. Wm. E. Holyoke took charge of the station, foUowed by Revs. A. Hyde, Robert Proctor, James Vincent, and the present pastor. Rev. J. L. Granger, whose salary is $1,200. The society was removed to the village of Polo in the Spring of 1855, and the corner stone of its present commodious brick church building was laid July 4of that year. The Trustees elected after the removal of the society to Polo, at a meeting held in the school house June 5, 1855, were : Zenas Aplington, L. N. Barber, Samuel Waterbury, V. B. Webster and Wm. Haynes. The church cost $10,000, and was dedicated to the worship of the " Triune God " on August 7, 1857. The present membership is 150. The Sabbath school has been in operation since the society was established in Polo. The Episcopal Church was organized July 9, 1858, and commenced the erection of its building on November 14 of the year following. It was com pleted at a cost of $3,100, December 23, 1862, and all indebtedness paid within one year from that time. At the time of organization the church had sixteen communicants. To this number there have been added by profession and letter seventy-four, and lost by removal and death, sixty-eight, leaving a present (March, 1878) membership of twenty-two. The following is a list of rectors who have held a settled charge here: Chas. J. Todd, Dec. 5, 1858, to Mav 2, 1859, died May 2, 1859; S. T. Carpenter, Sept. 24, 1859, to April 27, 1863; Byron McGam, July 26, 1863, to July 17, 1864; Geo. H. Jenks, Sept. 11, 1864, to April 9, 1865; S. Y. Johnson, Sept. 22, 1867, to Feb. 8, 1869; T. M. Eddy, Oct. 1, 1869, to Oct. 1, 1870; A. W. Glass, Nov. 26, 1870, to AprU 1, 1872; G. W. Dean, April 28, 1873, to June 10, 1874, and N. W. Heermans, who is the present rector. The church is a substantial building, aud is in a prosperous condition, never having failed to obtain the amount of their rector's salary. Church of United Brethren in Christ — Its Origin. — About the middle of the eighteenth century, the Lord remembered the Germans in America, and raised up men to preach to them in their own native language. Among others was William Otterbein, who was the founder of the church. The first society was organized in Baltimore, and the first conference was held in the same city in 1789, with seven members present. Their polity is partly Con gregationalism and partly Presbyterianism. Secret societies, slavery and the manufacture and sale of ardent spirits are expressly prohibited. The doctrines of the church are acknowledged purely orthodox. They had, in 1877, 4,078 organized churches; a membership of 150,000; ministers, 2,059; church build ings, 2,003; conferences, 42; Bishops' districts, 5; foreign missions, 3 — two in Germany and one in West Africa. The latter has seven missionaries and two teachers, and the former one each. Educational institutions of the church: Col leges, 4; universities, 3; seminaries, 3; academies, 2; theological seminary, 1. Periodicals — the Religious Telescope, their church organ, and Heavenly Mes senger, their German paper. Sabbath School literature — Missionary Visitor, . Children's Friend and Our Little One. Their book concern and printing house is located at Dayton, Ohio. They • operate from the Atlantic to the HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. 571 Pacific Ocean, and in Canada. They have in Ogle County, 111., five charges, with a membership of about 600, the most important of which is at Polo. This was organized in 1863, by Rev. L. B. Peck, pastor, who was succeeded by Rev. E. A. Vansant, I. K. Statton, S. Healey, G. A. Coalman, J. W. Robert son and the present pastor. Rev. J. H. Grimm. The society numbers 171, and has a good church building, which was erected in 1863 at a cost of $3,000 ; a Sabbath School with five officers, eight teachers and one hundred pupils ; David N. Johnson, Superintendent. The Evangelical Lutheran Church was organized August 7, 1870, in the Methodist Church building, where meetings were held, principally, until in 1872 the Society erected in Polo a church edifice of blue limestone at a cost of $17,- 000. In architectural beauty and finish this edifice is not surpassed by any other in Ogle County. There were thirty-six members at the time of organiza tion, and the first pastor was Rev. P. G. Bell, with a salary of $750. The ohurch was dedicated by Rev. F. W. Conrad, D. D., of Philadelphia. Mr. Bell remained until April, 1875, and he was superseded by the present pastor, Rev. J. S. Detweiler, January, 1876. In September, 1876, the Society pur chased the present parsonage and lot for $1,400. The church is liberally sup ported and largely attended, having now a membership of 175. The Sabbath school was organized in July, 1873, by W. T. Schell, Super intendent, who still continues. The school numbers 330. The Baptist Church was organized, at Buffalo, in 1860, with a membership of 15. Its first pastor was Rev. Edward O'Brien, with a salary of $400. In 1870-71, this society re-organized and erected a church edifice at a cost of $7,000. Number of members at present, 82. At the time the church was erected, Rev. John N. Young was pastor. It was dedicated by Rev. N. F. Ravlin, who re- mained~as pastor for some time, and was followed by Rev. J. Cairns, then P. 0. Shirley, who was succeeded by the present pastor. Rev. A. A. Russell. Mr. Russell came in October, 1876. During several vacancies, the pulpit was occa sionally filled by stated supplies, the last time by Rev. J. H. Pratt, of Sterling. Sabbath school has been held from the organization of the church, the pres ent Superintendent being Merritt Rogers. The Catholic society erected a church edifice in Polo at a cost of $1,500, in 1858. It has a membership of about 75. ' This church has never had a local priest nor any stated time for service. Buffalo Grove Bible Society was organized in the village of Buffalo, Sep tember 16, 1849. Its first officers were : David Waterbury, President; William Wamsley, Vice President ; Timothy Perkins, Treasurer ; V. B. Webster, Secre tary. 1850 — Amaziah Henderson, President ; J. W. Frisbee, Secretary. 1854 — George Frisbee, President. 1856 — Samuel Waterbury, President ; J. H. More, Secretary. 1857 — Zenas Aplington, President. 1860 — J. R. Phelps, President. 1863 — R. M. Pearson, President ; J. R. Phelps, Secretary. 1873— J. R. Phelps, President ; W. T. Schell, Secretary. 1878— J. R. Phelps, President ; W. T. Schell, Secretary ; Charles F. Barber, Treasurer. MASONIC. Mystic Tie Lodge, No. 187, A. F. ^ A. M., was organized at Polo, under dispensation, November 13, 1855. The first meeting was held on this date, on the second floor of the store occupied by Daniel Buck, on the north side of Mason street, third building east of Franklin. The first officers and members were as follows : James C. Luckey, W. M. ; Allen C. Mason, S. W. ; Robert Lawson, J. W.; James H. More, S. D. ; Charies F. Webster, J. D. ; Wayne B. Chatfield, 572 HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. Secretary ; Zenas Aplington, Treasurer; Marshall D. Higley, S. S. ; Samuel C. Peek, J. S. ; James Lawson, Tyler; and Robert Fisher. Subsequent meetings were held in the Normal School building, at Buffalo, then occupied by Professor J. W. Frisbee's school, until February 27, 1856, when, in connection with the gentle men who soon afterward organized Polo Lodge, No. 197, I. 0. of 0. F., the Lodge fitted up a small hall on the north side of Mason street, four doors east of Division. The Lodge was regularly instituted under charter from the Grand Lodge, November 2d, 1856. April 1, 1857, the Lodge removed to Mosher's Hall on the east side of Division street, second door north of Mason street. About January 1, 1858, the Lodge again removed to the new Odd Fellows' Hall, on Franklin street, where it remained until about September, 1868, when it occupied its own new hall on the east side of Franklin, midway between Mason and Locust street. Following is the roll of W. M.'s from date of organization : James C. Luckey, 1855, '56; C. F. Webster, 1857 ; J. C. Luckey, 1858; J. H. More, 1859; J. C. Luckey, 1860-'66 ; John Ruggles, Jr., 1867 ; J. C. Luckey, 1868-72 ; Samuel W. Clark, 1873 ; Joseph H. Freeman, 1874 ; Sherman S. Rogers, 1875 ; Thomas Treat, 1876-'77 ; William G. Atkins, 1878. Officers 1878.— William G. Atkins, W. M. ; Isaac D. Appleford, S. W. ; John A Sanborn, J. W. ; Sherman S. Rogers, Secretary ; Salathiel Hibarger, Treas. ; George K. Reynolds, S. D. ; George Brand, J. D. ; John W. Brown, S. S. ; B. B. Maydwell, J. S. ; Thomas Treat, Tyler. Tyrian Chapter No. 6, R. A. i»f.— Organized U. D., April 23, 1861. Instituted under charter, September 28, 1861. Charter members, who were also first officers : James C. Luckey, H. P. ; Francis A. McNeill, K. ; William K. Palmer, S. ; Samuel Y. Perce, C. H. ; James G. Brown, R. A. C. ; Leander Gordon, P. S. ; Joseph F. Ingalls, 3d V. ; Thomas Robisnson, 2d V. ; Edward P. Sexton, 1st V. ; Rev. Benjamin Close, Chaplain. All meetings were held in the hall occupied by Mystic Tie Lodge. High Priests from organization: James C. Luckey, 1861-'71 ; Samuel W. Clark, 1872 ; J. C. Luckey, 1873 ; S. S. Rogers, 1874, '75, '76 ; W. S. Goodhue, 1877. Officers of 1878.— J. C. Luckey, H. P. ; J. L. Moore, K. ; Isaac D. Apple ford, S. ; S. Hibarger, Treas. I. 0. OF 0. F. Polo Lodge, No. 194, was instituted under dispensation March 13, 1856, hy P. G. E. W. Hulburt, of Star Lodge, No. 77, assisted by P. G.'s John Autis and L. P. Lott, in a small hall fitted up for lodge purposes on the north side of Mason street, near Division. The original members were : Robert Fisher, Benjamin W. Walkey, Ira Demander, John H. Jay, Hiram Gregory and Emanuel Hepler ; and the following officers were elected and installed : Dr. Robert Fisher, N. G. ; Ira Demander, V. G. ; B. W. Walkey, Secretary ; John H. Jay, Treasurer. In 1858, the Lodge added the third story to Wood ruff's stone building, brick front, on the east side of Franklin street, a short dis tance south of Mason, and furnished a beautiful hall at a cost of $1,700. This fraternity, worthily symbolized by the triple links of " Friendship, Love and Truth," has increased from its modest beginning to a present membership of 94, and has in its treasury an accumulated fund of $2,200 for the relief of its members, widows and orphans. April 10, 1878, its officers were : M. R. Trumbauer, N. G. ; William Strickler, V. G. ; Oliver Z. Hicks, Recording Sec retary ; J. G. Clopper, Permanent Secretary ; Henry Wolf, Treasurer. HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. 573 PATRONS OF HUSBANDRY. Polo Grange, No. 290, P of H, was instituted March, 13, 1873. Its first Master was Dr. J. H. Judson. Present membership, 29. Officers, April, 1878, are as follows: E. S. Waterbury, Master; S. R. Purse, Overseer; G. Sheely, Lecturer ; Gilbert Bentley, Steward ; Eli Eldridge, Assistant Steward ; J. P. Wilber, Chaplain ; J. H. Judson, Treasurer ; Charles Illingworth, Sec retary ; Belford Slater, Gate Keeper ; Mrs. B. Slater, Ceres ; Mrs. J. P. Wil ber, Pomona; Mrs. E. S. Waterbury, Flora; Mrs. J. H. Judson, Lady Assistant Steward. Unity Grange, No. — , P. of H, was organized in 1874, with Mr. A. B. Apple, Master. ASSOCIATIONS AND SOCIETIES. Polo Library Association. — On Saturday Evening, April 15, 1871, a meet ing of the citizens of Polo was held at the City Hall to adopt measures for or ganizing a Library Association under the general law of incorporation. At that meeting 169 shares of stock, at $5.00 each, were subscribed, and on the 12th day of May, 1871, the Polo Library Association was regularly organized by choice of Chanceford R. Barber, J. Leavitt Moore, Wayland S. Goodhue, Rev. J. H. More, Hon. John D. Campbell, Prof. Joseph H. Freeman and Col. Morton D. Swift, Directors. This Board organized by the choice of Rev. J. H. More, Chairman, and Morton D. Swift, Secretary. B. H. Barber was elected Trea surer, and Miss Barber, Librarian. Its stock subscriptions were procured mainly through the earnest and untiring efforts of Hon. G. M. Hunt and Daniel Buck, Esq. It commenced at once on a vigorous and brilliant career, and had, up to April, 1858, accumulated about 1,300 volumes of choice and valuable books, and is one of the most eminently useful institutions in the city. May 24, 1871, the Association purchased the building and ground on the north west corner of Mason and Congress streets. Eleven public-spirited and generous- hearted citizens contributed $100 each for the purpose of paying for the library building, viz. : J. Leavitt Moore, Chanceford R. Barber, Dr. Wm. W. Burns, Miss Relief R. Barber, Bingaman & Cunningham, Carlos Herrick, Edward G. Smith, C. F. Barber & Co., Reuben Wagner, John Weller, and Thomas T. Schell. The building and grounds were purchased for $1,000, and $100 was expended in fitting it up. The building was subsequently enlarged and refitted and is now worth about $1,500. Although the property of this association belongs to the owners of its .stock, yet by liberal by-laws its benefits are extended to the citizens of Buffalo Town ship, free of charge. During the Winter of 1877-78, the association inaugurated a course of eight lectures, and, witlr season tickets sold at $2.00 each, reahzed $100 for the benefit of the Library. The Public School Library is kept in the same building, and much interest is manifested by the young people of Polo in the success of this beneficent institution. In April, 1878, the officers were : Trus tees— W. W. Pierce, President ; Wm. T. Schell, Secretary ; J. H. Freeman, J. L. Moore, R. D. Woolsey, D. L. Miller, Henry D. Barber; Treasurer, B. H. Barber ; Librarian, Miss F. Barber. Polo Cemetery Association was organized April 21, 1857. The first officers were: Rev. William Todd, President; Zenas Aplington, Hamilton Norton, Seymour E. Treat, Directors ; Alfred M. Webster, Secretary. Area of cemetery, eight acres, comprised in 110 blocks, or 440 lots. Officers of 574 HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. 1858: Chester K. Williams, President; C. R. Barber, Norman Hawks, C. W. Sammis, Directors ; J. C. Luckey, Secretary. The grounds are situated on the beautifully sloping prairie just outside the northern limits of the city, are well enclosed, and beautified by shrubbery, elegant monuments and enclosures of smaller divisions. Polo Literary Society was organized, in the High School room, September 30, 1870, by the election of Prof. Joseph H. Freeman, President; Rev. J. Young and I. S. Struble, Vice Presidents ; Secretary, Miss Anna More (now Mrs. 0. B. Dodge, of Dixon); Treasurer, Mrs. Thomas Treat. The first regular meeting was held October 7, in the lecture room of the Presbyterian Church. On this occasion, the programme was an essay on Chemistry, by W. S. Millican ; debate on the question, " Resolved, that the war waged by Prussia against the French nation is unjust, and should be stopped by the intervention of other powers," Orris Mosher, affirmative; R. C. Bassett, negative; select reading by Miss Julia E. Read; declamation by Miner Swearengen. The Association continued weekly meetings every Autumn and Winter until the Spring of 1875, but still maintains its organization. President (1878), J. W. Clinton, Esq. Buffalo Decoration Association, organized April 28, 1874, " to honor, by proper observance, the memory of the soldiers and sailors who gave their services and lives in defense of our country." First officers: President, Capt. Joseph H. Freeman ; Vice Presidents, Rev. J. Cairns, Dr. J. Maltby ; Secretary, Capt. R. D. Woolsey ; Treasurer, Sergt. F. B. Pierce ; Marshal, Capt. H. C. Peek ; Assistant Marshals, Col. M. D. Swift, J. W. Lunt, A. M. Webster, J. J. Thompson and Leander Griffin ; Chaplain, Rev. P. G. Bell. Presidents— J. H. Freeman, 1874 ; C. W. Sammis, 1875-6 ; R. D. Wool sey, 1877. Officers, 1878: R. D. Woolsey, President; J. J. Thompson, C. L. Holbrook, Vice Presidents ; J. W. Clinton, Secretary ; E. S. Cushman, Treasurer;- J. H. Freeman, Marshal; Rev. J. L. Granger, Chaplain; C. W. Sammis, S. B. Lowe, E. S. Waterbury, J. D. Campbell, Orris Mosher, Execu tive Committee. Polo Belief Association was organized on Tuesday, January 15, 1878, at City Hall, having for its object an united effort to give aid and relief to the poor and destitute, to furnish labor to the unemployed, and to alleviate, as far as possible, the sufferings of the unfortunate. The following board of officers were elected: President, Hon. George M. Hunt; Vice Presidents, D. B. Mof fatt, S. Beard, M- F. Bassett, Pearson Shoemaker, John Mickler, J. R. Phelps, John Atley, Geo. W. Harshman and Samuel Yeakle; Secretary, D. L. Miller; Treasurer, R. G. Shumway ; Executive Committee, John D. Campbell, Joseph H. Freeman, H. D. Barber, James C. Luckey and R. D. Woolsey. The Executive Committee met on Thursday afternoon, January 17, and appointed the following Relief Committee : Relief R. Barber, Chairman ; Mrs. R. G- Shumway and D. L. Miller, North Polo ; Mrs. G. M. Hunt and C. F. Cush man, East Polo ; Mrs. J. R. Phelps and H. D. Heally, South Polo and Old Town. The donation of twenty-five cents or more constitutes the admission fee to this benevolent association. Old Settlers' Association of Buffalo Grove and vicinity. — February 18, 1873, at a meeting of the old settlers, C. K. Williams was called to the chair and J. W., Clinton appointed Secretary. C. G. Holbrook, C. W. Sammis and C. K. Williams were appointed a Committee to draft a Constitution. February 25, 1873, they met at the office ofthe Press, adopted a Constitution and elected Col. John D. Stevenson, President ; William Illingworth, Daniel Hoffhine, HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. 575 Charles F. Cushman, John Perine, George R. Webster, James Talbott and N. N. Shafer, Vice Presidents; C. G. Holbrook, Secretary; C. K. Williams, Treasurer. March 6, 1877, the association was re-organized, a new Constitution adopted, admitting to membership all who were residents of Ogle County prior to 1840 as honorary members and making them Vice Presidents of the organization. Names of honorary members and Vice Presidents and date of settlement : John D. Stevenson, August, 1834 ; Christopher G. Holbrook, May, 1837 ; Chester K. WiUiams, October, 1837 ; Henry Peek, Fall, 1838 ; Nicholas P. Sammis, March, 1838 ; Charles F. Cushman, May, 1836 ; Charles W. Sam mis, March, 1838 ; William T. Fearey, Fall, 1837 ; Robert Smith, November, 1837 ; Moses E. Sammis, March, 1838 ; Frances G. Jones, June, 1839 ; Abram Q. Sanborn, June, 1839 ; C. W. Bellows, November, 1836 ; Elias Reed, July, 1838 ; Elias Baker, May, 1838 ; William M. Mason, July, 1837 ; Justice Rogers, July, 1837 ; John Perine, June, 1836 ; Daniel O'Kane, February, 1836 ; Nicholas N. Shaver, October, 1836 ; William Donaldson, May, 1839. The record of the association contains the following names of members who came previous to 1850 : Timothy Perkins, October, 1840 ; Charles Perkins, October, 1840 ; James A. Bassett, November, 1843 ; William Brand, May, 1840 ; Rob ert Brand, May, 1840 ; Thomas B. Cutts, September, 1846 ; Calvin Waterbury, September, 1848 ; John W. Cushman (born), August, 1844 ; John Bingaman, May, 1841 ; J. W. Newman, July, 1842 ; J. C. Saltzman, May, 1845 ; Harry H. Lower, April, 1845 ; George D. Read, March, 1840 ; Charles L. Holbrook (born), September 28, 1841 ; Wilson Allen, August, 1849. Came after 1849: Charies F. Barber, October, 1854; H. N. Clopper, May, 1855 ; Joseph L. Spear, October, 1859 ; Milton M. Trumbauer, 1859 ; W. H. Cunningham, June, 1858; Edwin S. Waterbury, September, 1857; John W. Clinton, October, 1857 ; James W. Allaben, October, 1855. Officers elected March 6, 1877 : C. K. Williams, President; C. G. Hoi brook. Secretary ; C. F. Cushman, Treasurer. Historical Committee : C. G Holbrook, George D. Read, John Perine. MISCELLANEOUS. The Underground Bailroad. — One of the moral infiuences which in later days exerted a powerful political infiuence and swayed the destinies of this great nation, was the agitation of the slavery question, and, as in other parts ot the country, a few of the early settlers in the vicinity of Buffalo Grove took a strong anti-slavery position. Most prominent among them were Dea. Timothy Perkins, Virgil A. Bogue, Esq. (afterward Judge of the County Court), Dea. John Waterbury, Solomon Shaver, and a few others. The slaves of the South, in attempting to escape from bondage, were not beyond the reach of their mas ters until they trod the soil of Canada. In their efforts to reach a land where they could own themselves, where the cross of St. George and not the Stars and Stripes was the "fiag of the free," they were assisted by the earnest workers like those above mentioned, and there came to be established certain lines of travel over which the fugitives would be sent from one friend to another, until they were beyond the reach of overseers and bloodhounds, beneath the flag of Great Britain. From 1842 to 1860, Buffalo and Polo were stations on, and the noble spirits above named were actively connected with, the Illinois branch of the Great Underground Railroad, extending from all parts of the Slave States to the Canadian frontier. At first they were obliged to act with great caution, traveling in the night and concealing their passengers in the bottom of their wagons, under straw or 576 HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. buffalo robes. The depot at Buffalo Grove vibrated between Bogue's and Per kins'. They received passengers from Sugar Grove, Lee County, and delivered them to Rev. George Gammell and others, at Byron. At first, Mt. Morris was carefully avoided, because the early settlers there were from Maryland. But the earnest appeals of Lovejoy, of Codding and other anti-slavery agitators — "fanatics " — soon brought about a different state of feeling, until in 1856-7, they used to " run their trains "in by daylight, making little or no effort to disguise their business. They were approaching the culmination of one of the grandest events in history — a history they had been helping to make — the abolition of human slavery on American soil, when the self-sacrificing devotion to the bond men would be no longer needed. But they knew it not, nor felt that the hour was near, until the first gun at Fort Sumter startled the nation and sounded the death knell of slavery. Bogue, Shaver and Waterbury have gone to their reward, but Dea. Timothy Perkins still lingers on the banks of the river, and at the ripe age of 83, he re tains an unwonted degree of that mental and physical vigor which made him as modest and unassuming as he was and is a moral power in the community in which he lived. These men were "characters," every one. Much might be written of the jollity, warm, social characteristics of Judge Bogue, and more of his inborn, unconquerable propensity to tease and torment the young folks, who both feared and loved him, and who ever hovered around him, fascinated by his brilliant conversational powers. His life experiences were varied in the extreme. Failing in business in the East, in 1836 he sought a new home and a fresh start at Buffalo Grove, where he excited considerable influence as a lawyer, Justice of the Peace, school teacher, Bible agent and exhorter. Generous, social, unstable, sarcastic, devout, talented, he was both loved and respected, and hated and feared, believed in and trusted, suspected and watched. He died at his resi dence in Polo after an illness of one week, November 25, 1869, aged 66 years. The immense concourse which attended the funeral attested the high esteem in which he was held. He was borne to his grave by twelve of the old settlers. GREAT FIRE. On Monday night, February 13, 1865, the great conflagration of Polo occurred. The fire broke out in a saloon kept by Geo. K. Reynolds, on the north side of Mason street. Fourteen business houses and one dwelling house were destroyed, comprising one-quarter of the business part of Polo. The editor of the Polo Press, on closing an account of the fire, said: "Now let us pocket our loss and gain wisdom from the bought experience. Let no more such wooden rows be built, but see to it that stone or brick buildings take the place of this defunct range of shanties." This fire had the effect to abolish saloons in Polo, and since that time none have been allowed in the city. THE FOUNDER OF POLO. Zenas Aplington, the founder of Polo, came to Buffalo Grove about 1839, from Broome County, New York, and settled at the old town of Buffalo. At first he worked part of the time at farming and a part at his chief trade, car penter, but subsequently engaged in blacksmithing in connection with Edward Helm, and manufactured plows for several years. About 1849 or 1850 he pur chased a portion of the school section, settled on it and engaged in farming, as stated in the early history of Polo. When the Illinois Central Railroad was surveyed, he was shrewd enough to take advantage of the action of some of HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. 577 the leading citizens of Buffalo, secured the location of the road through his farm, and laid the foundation for a new town that might have been very prop- erly called "Aplington," instead of Polo. Mr. Aplington was emphatically a self-made man. He was a man of much more than ordinary ability, but started in life with very little education, and has left a record that can never be effaced. He was a genial, great hearted, public spirited man, active and energetic, but, like other men of like character, was disposed to entrust the details of his busi ness too much to other hands. Mr. Aplington was a member of the Baptist Church, and was very highly esteemed and respected in the community in which he exercised a powerful influence. When the civil war commenced, he was a member of the Senate of Illinois, and actively aided in raising troops for the suppression of the rebellion. After aiding in raising and sending several companies for the vicinity of Polo, he enlisted himself in the Seventh Regiment Bhnois Cavalry, was elected Major, and fell, says Col. Anderson, "shot through the head, while charging the enemy at the head of his battalion in one of the skirmishes that marked the advance on Corinth." Maj. Aplington married Miss Caroline Nichols, daughter of William Nichols. His widow now resides in Chicago. One of his sons is an attorney at Storm Lake; another son has chosen the medical profession. His daughter, Harriet (since dead) became the wife of Col. M. D. Swift. The Old Buffalo Taverns. — In the years 1831 and '32, John Ankeny and Isaac Chambers built and kept houses of entertainment on the old trails at Buffalo Grove. In 1832, Oliver W. Kellogg purchased the house of Chambers, and in 1833 moved the building south, on the lands afterward laid out as the village of St. Marion, and kept the Stage House until 1837, when he sold to Frederick Cushman. Afterward, the house was kept by a man named Barr, and then by Simmons. 0. W. Ktellogg built a house in 1838, and opened the "Kellogg House," and in a short time leased it to Moses C. Hatfield. In the meantime the said Hatfield erected a new house, which he and Joseph Kellogg kept until 1850, when Harrison Sanford build a house and kept the principal hotel until the business left the town of Buffalo and went to the city of Polo, in the years 1855 and 1856. The First Baptist Church of Buffalo Grove. — (The following sketch of a church once prominent in Buffalo was furnished by George D. Read, Esq., after the church history was in type) : The church known as the " First Baptist Church of Buffalo Grove " was organized in the year 1840 by the Rev. Wm. Howell, and the Rev. Barton B. Carpenter was the first pastor. This church was connected with the Baptist Church of Dixon, and Mr. Carpenter preached at each place every alternate Sabbath for five years, when the two churches separated, and the Rev. Mr. Carpenter, father of Barton B. Carpenter, presided for one year over the Buffalo church. Then Rev. A. S. Leavitt for one year. The Rev. John Van Vleck for three or four years. Under the ministry of the first Carpenter, this church became the largest and most popular church of the place. This church and the Methodist Church held alternate services in the old school house for several years, and was disorganized about the time Polo was founded. The Rev. Barton B. Carpenter was perhaps one of the most beloved and respected pastors that ever preached at the old town of Buffalo, and has long since passed to spirit life. 34 578 HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. FORRESTON. George W. Hewitt came to this county in October, 1848, from Pennsylvania, and entered a bounty claim. In 1854, he bought the site of Forreston of John Dement. The town was an outgrowth of the Illinois Central Railroad. The original town, now forming the western part of the village, was laid out in the Fall of 1854, on Mr. Hewitt's land. The Railroad Company made two additions, one in 1855, the other March 8, 1861. Mr. Hewitt made three additions, the first, November 14, 1861. West Forreston was laid out April 1st, 1868, by John Meyer. The railroad had arrived in the Winter of 1854, and the first buildings erected were the depot and a house for boarding railroad employes, now occupied as a private residence by W. H. Robbins. In the Summer of 1855, Theodore Hewitt built a small boarding house on the site of the present Sherman House. In the Winter of 1854, John J. Hewitt built a small warehouse near the depot, and shipped the first grain from Forreston. In the Spring of 1855, Mr. Daniels built and opened a store, near the depot on the west side of the track, where he also kept the first post office. In the same Spring, Samuel Mitchell, who had come from Maryland to Lincoln Town ship, together with Jonathan Meyers, in 1837, and Matthew Blair, who came to Mount Morris from Pennsylvania in 1845, moved to the new village of Forres ton with their families and built their residences. In this year, also, Mr. Hewitt brought his family from Pennsylvania, although he had previously built his residence. In the Fall of 1855, Henry Hiller established the first store, of any impor tance, in the small building still standing just north of the Sherman House. This he sold to Mr. Woodruff, who in turn disposed of his business to David Reinhardt, in 1858. Mr. Reinhardt built the store now occupied by Hewitt k Rosenstiel in the same year, and continued his general store/ in that building. In 1855, Mitchell & Blair established a store in a small building on the cor ner lot occupied by the present hardware store of Smith & Campbell, north of the site of that building. Thomas Botdorf began blacksmithing in the same year. In the Fall of 1856, a meeting was held at Brookville for the purpose of organizing the Township, at which the Baileyville people contended that the Township should be named "Mendora." W^hen the Central Railroad was built, this station had been named " Forreston," and the people of this village suc ceeded in securing that name for th eTownship. The first officers elected were, Matthew Blair, Supervisor, and M. B. Geer, Assessor. There were twenty- eight names enrolled on Mr. Geer's first tax book. The first school house was built in the same year. In 1855, a warehouse was erected near the railroad, by Aaron Middlekauff and Martin Heller. Another was built by I. B. Allen in 1857. In this year, also, Fred Meyer began shoemaking, and soon after M. DeWall and John Lang followed in that business. The latter is still a boot and shoemaker of Forreston. In 1858, Blair & Mitchell dissolved partnership, and Abram Sagers opened a hardware store in the room they had occupied. About this time, John J. Hewitt and his brother-in-law, B. F. Emerick, opened a general stock of goods in the building ^vhich had been occupied as a tavern ; and Robert Long opened a saloon near and opposite the depot, which was afterward burned down. HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. 579 In 1859, C. M. Haller purchased the business of Hewitt k Emerick and continued it until 1861, when he bought the stock of Frank Barker, now of Rochelle, who established the first drug business here. Since 1873, Mr. Hal ler, has engaged in the drug business exclusively. Among the early settlers spoken of, Messrs. Blair, Mitchell, Philo J. Hew itt and others are still residents of Forreston. John J. Hewitt does business in Forreston, but resides in Freeport. Thomas Botdorf came to Forreston in 1855 and started a blacksmith shop. In 1857, he began wagon making, which constituted the first manufacturing in this place. In 1860, J. H. Bean commenced the manufacture of corn planters. Mr. Botdorf sold his wagon shop to Salter & Hunter, in December, 1868, and the present firm of Salter & Blair was constituted in September, 1873. They are now engaged quite extensively in carriage making ; have commodious workshops, including blacksmith, woodwork, finishing, painting shops and sales room. They employ nine workmen and manufacture about fifty carriages a year. For many years, Stalev & Co. have operated a steam sawing and planing- mill in connection with their lumber business. In 1870, Sammis & Johnson built a frame flouring-mill in the southeastern part of the town, which is now operated by Campbell & Savage. A municipal prison was erected in 1872, at a cost of $450, at the intersec tion of Walnut and Main streets. HOTELS. The tavern built by Theodore Hewitt was soon transferred to Alonzo Camp bell, after whom M. B. Geer took charge, but soon moved to his present situation. In 1857-8, this building was moved away and the present Sherman House was erected by John J. Hewitt. It is now managed by N. J. Clark. In 1857, William Sluggett erected the " Forreston House," which was enlarged in 1872 by N. J. Clark. It is now conducted by Eli Schaftner. SCHOOLS. The first school house was a frame building, located in the center of the original town plat, erected in 1856. It was first taught by Miss Maria Blair, followed by Thomas J. Hewitt and A. Q. Allen. This building is still standing nearly opposite the residence of Mr. Philo J. Hitt. School was continued here until in 1867, when the present elegant three-story brick school house was erected on Front street, in the southern part of the town. The building, grounds and furniture cost about $16,000. The records show the following instructors since 1860 : J. L. Spear, 1860-62 ; Assistant, Julia Sateriee, 1860-62 ; J. W. Clinton, 1862-63 ; Assistant, E. A. Lunt, 1862-63 (from this time until 1869 they have not been recorded) ; G. M. M. Glenn, 1869 ; M. L. Seymour, 1870-72; George Blount, 1872-75. The present teachers are J. Lawson Wright, Principal ; Eliza J. Wilson, Assistant ; Abram Myers, First Interme diate ; Nellie Perrin, Second Intermediate ; Lizzie D. Hiller, First Primary ; Addie E. Shyrock, Second Primary. For teachers' salaries, $2,610 is appro priated for the present year. The present Board of School Directors is Eli Schaffner, Levi J. Bowers and John Dovenbarger. The present school mem bership is 315. FORRESTON LODGE, NO. 413, A., F. & A. M., was organized October 5, 1864, with the following charter members : Thomas J. Hewitt, Henry N. Clopper, N. B. Rogers, John W. Clinton, John W. Frazey, 580 HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. Benjamin Savage, Miles N. Pritchard, Matthew Blair, Jeremiah Dean, M. H. Philbrick and Isaac Kimble. The following were the first officers : Thomas J. Hewitt, W. M. ; Matthew Blair, S. W. ; Benjamin Savage, J. W. For lack of sufficient local support, it was consolidated with Samuel H. Davis Lodge, No. 96, A., F. & A. M., of Mount Morris. The first Lodge was organized in 1860 by a Mr. St. John. This was discontinued after several years, and in 1877, the present Lodge was organized and is now in a prosperous condition. RELIGIOUS. Methodist Episcopal Church. — Forreston was made a station of the "Crane's Grove Mission" in September, 1853, Rev. H. Richie being appointed preacher in charge. Samuel Mitchell's family, who came in May, 1855, were the first representatives of this church to settle in the village. The first sermon was preached in July or August of that year, by Rev. Wm. Underwood, in the railroad depot. Meetings were held there until the Fall of 1856, when they were removed to the school house. Rev. C. B. Snedaker was appointed to this mission in 1855, but did not remain throughout the year, being succeeded by Rev. Christian First. In 1856, Re^. G. I. Bliss was appointed to " Crane's Grove" Circuit, and in this year the first class was formed at Forreston, con sisting of Samuel Mitchell, Hannah Mitchell, Mr. and Mrs. H. G. Starr. Meetings were held in the school house for several years, and afterward in the United Brethren Church, until 1864. The first Quarterly Conference was held at Forreston, INIarch 21, 1857. Z. S. Kellogg preached frequently at Forreston during this year. Rev. Robert Brotherton was Pastor in 1857, and in this year Alonzo Campbell and wife, J. C. Gilbraith and wife, and others united with the church. Then followed as Pastors, Revs. Hugh Ely, 1858 ; I. E. Hibbard, 1859-60 (Forreston and Brookville Circuit): Jonathan Clendenning, Assistant, 1860; M. F. Havermale, 1861-2 (Forreston Circuit) ; A. Cross, 1863 ; D. C. How ard, appointed, but made one visit only, and was succeeded by J. M. Clenden ning, 1864 ; M. F. Havermale, 1865 ; Timothy L. Olmsted, 1866 ; Alonzo Newton, 1867-8 ; after which Forreston was made a station, with H. U. Reynolds Pastor, 1869-70; A. D. Field, 1871-2 (during these two years, a debt of $1,157, running from 1866 to 1873, was paid); G. L. Wiley, 1873 ; Isaac E. Springer, 1874-5; Bushby, 1876, who died after having the charge only a few weeks, and was followed by the present Pastor, Rev. H. J. Houston. The church building was begun in 1863, and completed in May, 1864. It is a frame building, on the corner of B and Second streets, and was dedicated by Rev. Dr. Eddy. The present parsonage was erected in 1873. Evangelical Lutheran Church. — This church was organized, and a constitu tion adopted, on the 21st day of October, 1859. Rev. Ephraim Miller, Chair man. Rev. J. K. Bloom, Secretary of convention and pastor. Mission work had previously been done by Rev. J. G. Donmeyer, the pioneer minister in the northwestern part of the county. Members adopting the constitution : Thomas Botdorf, Matta Botdorf, Henry Dovenbarger, Ann Maria Dovenbarger, Charles M. Haller, Elizabeth Haller, Mrs. Sarah A. Garver, Mrs. Susan M. Hewitt, Mrs. Elizabeth Middlekauff, Mrs. Sophia Frost, :Mrs. Ann Eichholtz, Mrs. John K. Bloom, and Benjamin F. Emrich. Charles M. Haller was elected Elder for three years, to which office he has been re-elected to the present date. Thomas Botdorf and Benjamin F. Emrich were elected Deacons. Provision having been made by the constitution to increase the number of officers as the needs of the congrega tion required to a limited extent, the present officers are : C. M. Haller, Nelson HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. 581 Hover and Jonathan Meyers, Elders ; Henry Dovenbarger, Philip Smith and John Dovenbarger, Deacons. There have been added to the congregation since its organization 197 communing members, making the whole number 210, of whom sixty-four yet remain in good and regular standing within the bounds of the congregation. Five of the original members are in active service of the Master. The pastoral relation has been changed four times : Rev. John K. Bloom from 1859 to 1864 ; Rev. Reuben Weizer from 1764 to 1866 ; Rev. Nathaniel W. Lilly from 1867 to 1870 ; and Rev. W. H. Schoch from 1870 to the present time, having recently entered into the eighth year of service. The church building was built of brick, on the corner of " D " and Second Streets, in 1863 and '64; and in 1864, upon Rev. Bloom's leaving the charge, the society purchased his residence as a parsonage. The Sabbath school was originally organized as a Union school on the 16th day of May, 1858. The first session was held in the district school house. Officers : E. J. Kingsbury, Superintendent ; CM. Haller, Assistant. At the first meeting there were enrolled eighty-seven members, of whom five remain in the school as officers, teachers and scholars, to wit: C. M. Haller, Superintend ent; Seaton Halsey, Secretary and Librarian; Wm. S. A. Garver and Mrs. F. E. Halsey, Teachers, and Mrs. M. Clymer (then Mary Hiller) as a member of the Bible class. There have been connected with the school, as shown by the records, 1,125 members, of whom 125 are now in connection therewith, making an average Sabbath attendance of 90. The library numbers 434 volumes. The present officers are : CM. Haller, Superintendent; A. B. Savage, Assistant Superintendent; Seaton Halsey, Secretary and Treasurer ; G. B. Covell, Librarian ; Frank Dovenbarger, Assistant. The first withdrawal of membership was made by the organization of another Union school by the United Brethren and Methodist Episcopal, in the United Brethren Church. The next was by the Evangelical Association withdrawing and forming the Union Sunday School of the Evangelical Association. About this time, the school became virtually an Evangelical Lutheran Sunday School, if not in form, in fact, so that on the 11th day of September, A. D. 1871, a new constitution was adopted, and the name of Evangelical Lutheran Sabbath School of Forreston printed in its catalogues. Thus it has passed through two decades under the same superintendency, with the exception of one year, when Dr. J. B. E. Albright was Superintendent. Zion's Reform Church, of the Reformed Church of the United States, was organized about 1857, by Rev. George Weber, he having been preceded in mis sion work by Rev. John A. Leis. Then followed as Pastors: Revs. Henry Bassler, George Weber again in 1859, Charles W. Seaman, Francis A. ¦Edmonds, Charles Kuepper, Cyrus Cort, a supply, and C G. A. Hullhorst, for one year, after whom came Rev. Daniel Lantz, who has continued five years to the present time. The brick church building, 38x54 feet in size, was erected in 1870 at a cost of $7,000, and is located on the corner of B and Third streets. Sabbath School was organized in January, 1874. The present parsonage was built in 1867, at a cost of $2,500. The United Brethren in Christ. — A local branch of this church was organ ized at the school house in Forreston, September 8, 1858, by Rev. A. B. Frazier. In the same year the church building on Fourth street was commenced. The class then consisted of Michael and Margaret Bovey, David and Catherine 582 HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. Reinhart, Jacob Reinhart, Levi and Sarah Stouffer, Mary Ann Stouffer, E. 0. Baxter, Josiah Mullen, Elijah and Catherine Detweiler. Then followed as preachers the following: Revs. S. S. Osterhoudt, 1858-9; T. B. Burrows, 1860; Moses Crum, 1861; Aquilla Davis, 1862; J. K. M. Looker, 1863-4-5; C Wendel, 1866-7; J. J. Johnson, 1868-9; J. H. Young, 1870; Samuel F. Medler, 1871; T. F. Hallowell, 1872-3; W. H. Chandler, 1874; D. H. Healy, 1875, now Presiding Elder; J. W. Burd, 1876; E. D. Palmer, 1877; John Darr, 1878, who still continues in charge. The present membership is fifty- seven. A Sabbath school will soon be organized. Bishop's Church of the Evangelical Assooiatian. — This society was organ ized in 1860, and services were held in the school house until 1869, when the present church was erected at a cost of $7,000. It is a frame building with, commodious auditorium and a basement for Sabbath school uses, situated on the southwest corner of Front and "E" streets. In 1860, Rev. Mr. Freeden became Pastor, and after two years was suc ceeded by Rev. H. Bucks, for one year. The following Pastors then succeeded to the charge in their respective order: Rev. J. Dangle, two years; Rev. A. Nebe, one year ; Rev. A. Staley, two years ; Rev. Mr. Stamm, one year ; Rev. J. W. Moore, two years ; Rev. S. Schwartz, one year ; Rev. J. G. Klein- heit, tAVO years ; Rev. L. B. Tobias, two years ; Rev. C. H. Cramley, two years, who has just completed his term, and will be followed by another appointment. The membership at present is about seventy-five. The Sabbath school was organized in 1869, with Rev. A. Staley as first Superintendent. The present officer in that capacity is L. J. Bowers. Bishop .J. Long was a resident of Forreston, at the time of the erection of the church building, and from him the church took its name as " Bishop's Church." He died in June, 1869, the beloved leader of the entire brother hood. The Reformed Church was organized some years before the coming of the first regular Pastor, by Rev. J. Muller, of Silver Creek, Stephenson County, and was then known as the " Reformed Protestant Dutch Church," but was changed to the present name in 1867. Rev. J. II. Karston settled as Pastor in 1865. As the first records are in the Holland language, it is difficult to ascertain the particulars of this pastorate. Services were also conducted in the Holland lan guage by the first Pastor, since when they have been held in the German tongue. In 1866, the church was erected and dedicated the same year by Rev. J. Mullei'. The first officers were J. R. Heeren, B. Daneks, Jacob Smith and M. Reintsema.In 1867, Rev. J. B. DeBeer was called to the charge and remained for two years. In 1871,' Rev. F. J. Reichert served the congregation for a term of six months. The present Pastor, Rev. F. E. Schlieder, has filled this pulpit since 1872. The Sabbath school in connection with the church was organized in 1869, but as many of the church members are residents of the country, it does not maintain a very large attendance. The Church of God have services in Goer's Hall, every Sunday and Thurs- evening, under the charge of Rev. J. A. Smith. BUSINESS INTERESTS. The principal liusiness interests of Forreston are embraced in the following list, giving the date of establishment where it could be obtained : General Merchants. — J. E. Bonn k Co., March, 1873 ; burned out Jan. 16-17, 1878, Mt a loss of $5,000, insurance $2,500 ; Lantz & Zollinger, April, [h Artists. — Cyrus E. White, 1877. Carpenters and Builders.— 3. W. Potter, S. W. Potter, H. B. Miller, Joshua Swett, N. Eakle and Wallace Gitchell. Blacksmiths. — M. D. Stover, John Brookman, Harmon Anderson and M. Vosberg. THE CHICAGO AND IOWA RAILROAD. In June, 1870, Forreston Township voted an appropriation of $75,000 in aid of this road, to be paid if the railroad was completed through the township by January 1, 1872. The road was finished to Forreston village by that time, but the bonds were not issued, as the road was not built through the township. After a legal contention of three years, the matter was compromised by issuing bonds to the amount of $35,000, with the provision that if the road was com pleted through the township within five years $15,000 more should be issued. That time has elapsed, and Forreston is still the terminus of the road. The same depot is used for both that and the Illinois Central Railroad. The "round 586 HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. house," or engine house was erected by both companies in 1872, each company having six stalls. It is in charge of A. R. McElhiney, of the I. C R. R., and Henry Williams, of the C & I. R. R. Miles N. Prichard has been the sta tion agent for the past twenty years; J. M.Myers, baggage master; Henry Hough and F. D. Swett, telegraph operators. FIRES. Forreston has been visited by several fires of various magnitudes, the last and most important of which was on the night of January 16-17, 1878. It burned the following buildings : John J. Hewitt's two-story frame, occupied by the store of Bonn & Co.; fl. Follrich's two-story frame, butcher shop; J. Z. Hunsicker's two-story frame building, occupied as a barber shop by G. De Graf; E. 0. Reedy's two-story frame shoe shop, and the residence of Moses Oppen heimer, owned by Wm. Minstermann. VILLAGE ORGANIZATION. At a meeting held at the school house, in the town of Forreston, on Saturday, September 21, 1867, to determine the question of village incorporation, G. M. M. Glenn was elected President, and Thomas J. Hewitt, Clerk. 172 ballots were cast ; 128 for incorporation, 44 against incorporation. The first meeting for the election of village officers was held at the Pennsyl vania House, October 15, 1867, when Simon Geeting, Levi J. Bowers, Absalom Eakle, Nehemiah E. Rogers and Miles N. Prichard were elected Trustees. October 21st, following, the Board organized by choice of Simon Geeting, President, and Thomas J. Hewitt, Clerk pro tem. At this meeting, Mr. Eakle resigned and Thomas J. Burt was appointed in his place. November 2d, Martin V. Saltzman was elected Clerk ; Philo J. Hewitt, Treasurer ; Thomas J. Hewitt, Corporation Attorney ; Edward H. Foy, Constable and Collector, and Simon Gross, Street Commissioner. November 18th, " An ordinance prescrib ing and defining the boundaries of the town of Forreston, County of Ogle and State of Illinois," was passed by yeas and nays. Yeas, Rogers, Burt and Bowers-3 ; nays, none. October 15, 1868. — Aaron Middlekauff, Isaac fl. Long, Henry S. Funk, Godfrey Pyfer and Charles Shuman were elected Trustees. This Board organized on the 26th of the same month. Isaac H. Long, President ; G. H. Richardson, Clerk : E. H. Middlekauff, Treasurer ; A. Eakle, Street Commis sioner ; J. M. Meyers, Constable. W. H. Knodle was elected Clerk, Novem ber 6th, vice Richardson resigned. December 15, 1868. — A special meeting was called " for the purpose of . getting a special charter for the town of Forreston. Mr. Funk was appointed to see J. M. Bailey, and have a form of charter drawn." February 17, 1868.—" The form of charter sent from Springfield " waa adopted. May 11, 1868, the new charter was accepted by the people by vote of 67 to 55. October 19, 1869. — Trustees — M. N. Prichard, President; John Meyer, John Korns, Samuel McCreery, John W. Cahill ; Martin V. Salzman, Clerk. October 18, 1870.— Trustees — Andrew A. Robertson, President; Aaron Billig, David Eager, Jacob C Salter, M. B. Geer ; Clerk— M. V. Salzman. October 17, 1871.— Trustees— Miles N. Prichard, President; John W. Cahill, John Korns, Jonathan Knepper, Isaac Voglegesaug ; Clerk — Lewis De Graaff. HISTORY OF OGLE COUNTY. 587 October 16, 1872.— Trustees— M. N. Prichard, President ; John W. Cahill, John Korns, John S. Campbell, Isaac Voglegesaug ; Clerk — L. De Graaff. October 22, 1873.— Trustees— Edward H. Riley, Joseph M. Myers, Philo J. Hewitt, Aaron Bowers, Levi Clark ; Clerk, M. V. Salzman. October 21, 1874. — Trustees — Samuel Mitchell, President; Isaac B. Allen, J. M. Myers, M. V. Shelden, Aaron Billig ; Clerk — M. V. Salzman. October 19, 1875. — Trustees — Isaac B. Allen, President ; Aaron Billig, Samuel Mitchell, Samuel Knodle, J. G. Middlekauff; Clerk — M. V. Salzman. October 17, 1875. — Trustees — John W. Cahill, President; John Korns, Elias Rowland, John Miller, Levi Clark ; Clerk — Edwin Baker. October 19, 1877. — Trustees — Anthony Omelia, President ; John Doven barger, Elias Rowland, John Korns, Fred. Plate ; Clerk and Attorney — Edwin Baker; Treasurer — Lewis De Graaff; Marshal — John Miller; Police Magis trate — Phibp Smith. Township Officers, 1878. — Supervisor — Cornelius Bowman ; Town Clerk — Sunon Geeting ; Assessor — Levi Clark ; Collector — E. W. Derby ; Commis sioners of Highway — I. B. Allen, Fred. Korf and N. D. C Medbury; Justices of the Peace — W. W. Swett and Warren Lightheart ; Constables — Eli Rowland and C. W. Prince. HISTOET OF OGLB COUNTY. 589 BYRON. This village, situated on a horse-shoe bend of the Rock River in the northern part of the county, is one of the earliest settled localities, is favored by features of unusual value to its development, and will, without doubt, become one of the best towns on the river. For many years it labored under great disadvantages, having no railroad or capital to improve its water power, and in 1877, being visited by a conflagration which leveled to the ground the new growth which it had attained under the stimulus of the railroad. About the first of July, 1835, Jared W. Sanford came up Rock River from Dixon, on horseback, en route for Rockford — then called " Midway." Noting the excellent water privilege a mile west of the present site of Byron, on Leaf River, he laid claim to it by planting there a claim-stake, and proceeded on up the river. His brother, Joseph, and Perry Norton were then working on Kent's mill at Midway, and when told of the beautiful country south, they were induced to go down and examine it. Mr. Norton still resides one and a half miles north of Byron, and is the oldest living resident. An account of his trip to the " far West," as it was then called, may be of some interest, showing, as it does, the vast changes time has made. From ocean to ocean is now but a pleasant ride of seven days, in palace coaches. Mr. Norton was from April 26 to May 26, 1835, in traveling from New York to Galena. The route was : to Buffalo by canal, to Detroit bv steamboat, across Michigan to Chicago by stage — all passage seals to Chicago were taken fifteen days in advance, such was the multitude seeking Western homes — from Chicago to Ottawa by stage. Ottawa had one tavern, one store, a few dwellings on the south side of the Illinois River, one on the north, aud one between the Fox and Illinois Rivers. He went to Paw Paw Grove by pri vate conveyance, and thence to Dixon on foot. Dixon consisted of a tavern, kept by a man named Black, in the old fort of the Black Hawk War, and five or six dwellings. He then went by stage to Galena, where he hired out to a Mr. Brush, agent for Germanicus Kent, of Midway. He arrived there on the eighth day of June. Rockford then consisted of two families and eight or ten young men ; Mr. Kent on the west, and Mr. Haight on the east side of the river. Mr. Kent had begun improvements there in the Fall of 1834 ; had commenced building a dam across the creek, near the Holland (now the Tinker) place. During the season of Mr. Norton's arrival immigration became more general ; among the settlers were Montague Dunbar, Fox Wood and family, Boswell and family.ThatcherBlake, "still a resident of Rockford, and Joseph Sanford, who came in the Fall or Winter of 1834. As before stated, Joseph Sanford, Jared W. Sanford and Perry Norton went down the river to the site of Byron, about July 10, 1835, and while there they claimed land to the amount of nearly two sections, on the southwest side of tbe river. They returned to Midway the same day. Joseph Sanford decided to continue work for Mr. Kent for a year, so J. W. Sanford and Mr. Norton returned to their claim with a horse and yoke of oxen, and established their claim by laying the foundation for two cabins. This, rude as it must have been, inquired four days' labor. Indians and mosquitoes were plenty, though the latter were by far the more troublesome. On the fifth day the two settlers returned to Midway, where Mr. Norton met, unexpectedly, his father and brother J. W. Norton. The former afterwards became a resident of Byron Township, where he still resides. Mr. Norton needed oxen to cultivate his land, and to purchase them he borrowed $100, each, of his father and Joseph Sanford. The latter was a partner in the claim. The next thing was to buy the oxen. Neigh bors Kent and Haight had none to sell — other neighbors, where were they .' At 590 HISTOET OF OGLE COUNTT. \ Dixon's Ferry, Cherry Grove — forty miles away — Buffalo Grove, Washington Grove, and on Old-Man Creek (now Kyte River). But no cattle were found for sale at any of these places, and Mr. Norton finally found three yoke of oxen at Indian Creek, fifteen miles north of Ottawa. For these he paid $45, $52.50 and $55. He also bought a plow and barrel of flour. In order to get these home he must have a cart, and, to make one, a friend sawed two circles from an oak log for wheels. The return road was a strange one and he received fre quent directions from passing Indians. Much trouble was experienced by the settlers in keeping the cattle at home. When they were let out to pasture they would frequently stray away forty or fifty miles. Jared Sanford named their new habitation Fairview, after his Connecticut home. About the middle of October, M. M. York, who bought an interest in the claim, P. T. Kimball, — Rogers, and Mr. Norton returned to Fairview from Midway, to make rails for fencing their claim. They brought flour, bacon and coffee and made saleratus biscuits with the river water. Here they lived in a rail shanty and the wagon box for twenty-three days. The Pottawattomie Indians frequented the river, which they called the " Sini-sepo," or Rock River, whence the name "Sinnissippi." The settlers obtained a log trough which the Indians had hollowed out to hold maple sap, or "sugar water," and used it as a canoe for crossing the river. Being cut square at one end, it was known as the bob-tailed canoe. Wagons were ferried across the river for travelers in this rude canoe. The present woods of that vicinity have grown up since that time, and it was necessary to obtain logs from the other (north) side of the river. * They returned to Midway to pass the Winter, and when Mr. Norton returned in the next March, he found M. M. York, P. T. Kimball, Sebra Phil lips and J. Sanford in a little log cabin of about ten by fourteen feet in size. This was the first house in the township, and was just across the river, opposite the village. Here Mr. Norton took up his abode, sleeping on a wagon board at night, with boots for a pillow and overcoat for a blanket. This exposure resulted in an attack of the ague. In this Spring other settlers came in. L. O. Bryan, Silas St. John Mix, Asa Spaulding and others came in April. These filled the cabin unto overflowing, so that Messrs. Kimball, Bryan and Norton moved up and across the river, about one and a half miles. Here they built a log shanty near and northeast of Mr. Norton's present residence. To make this log house two tiers of rails were built up, leaving a space between them of one and a half feet. This was filled in with prairie grass, making a warm house. The roof was made of "shakes,"* while the door was made by hanging up a blanket. Cooking was done out of doors, and a cow was purchased to furnish milk. The pioneers then began to think' themselves living in fine style. David Juvenall with his family, from Sangamon, 111.; Andrew Shepard, an uncle of Mr. Norton, with his family, from Ohio, and William Illingworth, arrived in May, 1836. J. L. Spaulding and — Kizer came soon after, and Simon S. Spaulding came in October. In the Spring of 1835, John Whitaker settled at Black Walnut Grove, where he resided with his family until his death. His son, William J., now resides there, having married the only daughter of Silas St. J. Mix. Another son, Solomon, is living near by, both in ^ood circum stances. There are two daughters, Mary, who married John Millis, and Julia, the wife of Stephen B. Shuart. Peter Smith and James Scott also made claims at this grove in the Fall of 1835, two or three miles southeast of Byron. Scott sold out to Dauphin Brown and S. Patrick in 1837. Mr. Silas St. John Mix first came April 10, 1836, but returned to Jackson ville for his family, having emigrated there from Bradford County, Pa. Mr. * Shingles, about four feet long, split out of logs. HISTOKT OF OGLE COUNTY. 591 Spaulding arrived at Fairview in August, 1836, and brought three cows, a team, provisions, etc. belonging to Mix and Spaulding. The claim of Mr. Norton and Jared Sanford on the north side of the river was divided and the site of Byron included in Mr. Sanford's portion. This he disposed of to Miner M. York and Joseph Sanford. Mr. Mix built his (the first) house within the village site during that Fall. It is now used as the resi dence of his son William. October 29, Lucius Reed arrived with his family. John Morrison, — Slavin, Lewis Carr and Samuel Patrick came in 1836. Seth Noble, a wealthy farmer of Marion Township, came in the Spring of that year. Much trouble was experienced on account of claim-jumpers. The first prominent conflict of this kind was in 1837, between Wm. D. Johnson, a settler, and the notorious Aikens, Carrs and Morrison. The first election was held in August, 1836, at Fairview, to elect precinct and county officers. This was then a portion of Jo Daviess County, and Col. Wight, of Galena, passed through on an electioneering tour. He made stump speeches wherever he could obtain a hearing, and furnished the proper papers and directions for holding 'elections. He was a candidate for the State Legislature. Mr. Moses Hallett, candidate for the office of sheriff, also visited Fairview, and both obtained the thirteen votes polled there, as the voters knew of no opposing candidates. A local justice and constable were elected. Mr. Norton was chosen to carry the poll books to Galena, a distance of over eighty miles. Erastus Norton and family came to Byron November i, 1836. Doctor A. E. Hurd — the first physician — and Hiram Horton came during that Winter. " Deacon " Brewster, with a family of seven daughters and two sons (James and Mortimer), came in 1837. A large number of settlers came that year. We can not attempt to name them all, but a few have been remembered, among whom were Isaac Norton and family, consisting of his wife and five daughters (his four sons were already in the West). Col. Dauphin Brown and family, con sisting of three sons and five daughters, who was a resident of Marion Township ; Curtis, now gone ; Deacon Morley, now of Iowa ; John Sabens (who built the first barn in the township), now gone ; Charles Tanner, Joshua White and James M. Clayton, of Marion Township ; F. A. Smith ; Allen Woodburn, still living on his place, three and one half miles north of the village ; Hiram May nard, deceased, and many others. Jared W. Sanford lived at Byron until within five years, when he moved to and died in Kansas. Joseph Sanford is still living. Perry Norton lives a mile and a half north of Byron. M. M. York now lives at Fort Scott, Kansas. Parton T. Kimball now lives at Rockford. Sebra Phillips died in this state. L. O. Bryan died in Marion Township. Asa G. Spaulding lives in Rockford. Andrew Shepherd died in this state. David Juvenall died in Marion Township. Silas St. John Mix, the oldest resident of the village, resides in Byron, aged seventy-nine years, and still retains all his business and physical faculties, unimpaired. His portrait appears in this work. I. S. Knowlton and T. P. Parker, still residents near Byron, came in the Spring of 1838. For a long time, Dixon, twenty-five miles distant, was the nearest post- office. The settlers took turns in going for the mail, once a week. When Frink & Walker established a stage route along the river, between Dixon and Rockford, the local post-office was established, and as the settlement was then called Bloomingville, that name was chosen for the post-office. The Postmaster General, however, suggested that the name be changed, as there was already a " Bloomington " and " Bloomingdale " in the state. It was then decided to call it Byron, a name it has since held. Asa G. Spaulding was the first post master, who was followed by Mr. Mix. Then Albert. Wilbur was made 692 HISTOEY OF OGLE COUNTY. postmaster, and Mr. Mix appointed his deputy, followed by John H. White as nominal postmaster. Mr. Mix succeeded him and still continues, efficiendy, in that office. The first saw mill was erected by Messrs. Sanford Brothers & Brown, in 1837. The first grist mill by William Wilkinson, of Buffalo, N. Y., who com menced building it in the Fall of 1837 and completed it during the next year. In 1837, it was sometimes necessary to go as far as Dayton, on Fox River, near Ottawa, to Elkhorn Grove or Newburg, on the Kishwaukee River, to have milling done. In 1835 and '36, supplies were obtained from Galena or Chicago. The first salt hauled from the latter place cost fifteen dollars per barrel. The first stirring plows used here were manufactured at Buffalo, N. Y., by Wilkinson & Sons. These were very good in a clay soil, but almost useless on the prairies of Ogle County. In plowing with such implements, knolls were left wherever a turn was made, making, finally at the edges of the field, quite an embankment. Deere, of Grand deTour, made the first plows suitable for this country. The Village. — As stated, its site was first claimed by Jared W. Sanford and Perry Norton ; allotted to Mr. Sanford in division, and transferred to Joseph Sanford and M. M. York. These two admitted Asa G. Spaulding, S. St. J. Mix and James L. Spaulding as partners, and at the time of the land sale Ebenezer Brown, as agent, bid in the land, and deeded it, equally divided, to the mem bers of the company. Mr. Mix sold the first goods, in his house, in the Summer of 1837. The house of Mr. Mix has been called the first one in the village, which is true, although a Mr. Irvin had a shanty of logs, in which he sold some goods which he had brought from Canada. The next house was one which Mr. Kimball built for Lucius Reed. In this house the latter kept the first tavern. The next buildings were a house and blacksmith shop which Mr. Bradbury built in the eastern part of the town. The first regular store was built in the Spring of 1838, by Isaac Norton and his son, Hamilton. The first regular hotel was built by Samuel and Dudley Wood. It is a two-story brick building, and now used as the Pacific House, by Mrs. Brindley. The first ferry was established by J. W. Sanford and Miner York. It is now operated by James Cattanach. Three years ago Byron Township voted to appropriate $15,000 for building a bridge across the river. At a special meeting of the Board of Supervisors, an appropriation of $12,500 was made for the same purpose, but at the next regu lar meeting of the board, the movement was re-considered and voted down. In the meantime, the township commissioners had made a contract with Mr. Fish ier, of Elmira, N. Y., for $27,500. He sub-let the stone work to Mr. Boone, who put up the abutments, but suspended work when the appropriation was denied them. It was to be a suspension bridge of six hundred feet, having one pier. The present indications are that Mr. Fishier will complete his contract, and call on the township to fulfill their part of it. Hopes are still entertaintd of receiving assistance from the county treasury. The Chicago &f Pacific Railroad Company first intended running a nairow- guage railroad from Chicago to Elgin, but finally decided to run a broad-guage road from Chicago to Byron. Subscriptions were circulated four years since, by A. O. Campbell, F. A. Wheelock, E. H. Evans and others. Among the principal subscribers were Hiram Gitchell, $1,200; A. O. Campbell, Dr. Joseph Blount, E. H. Evans, I. S. Knowlton and W. S. Ercanbrack, $1,000 each ; John Kosier, Junius Rogers and many others subscribed very liberally. This place took $24,500 stock. The public spirit of the citizens of Byron in this matter is very unusual and highly commendable. The road was completed to the river at noon, March 19, 1875. An extra amount of $5,000 was found necessary to secure the bridge across the river. This Byron's people advanced to the American Bridge Company, and the cars commenced running to Byron in the Fall of 1875. The bridge company and citizens were to have the pro ceeds from Byron station until the debt was paid. This the bridge company HISTOET OF OGLE OOUNTT. 593 secured, but nothing has yet been received by those who advanced the needed $5,000. The bridge is nearly Boo feet long, with three piers, and is a combina tion of wood and iron. The company held a meeting for organization in February, 1876. Mr. Campbell was for two years a director of the road. The report shows the road to have been in a prosperous condition, although it is now in the hands of a receiver, J. M. Whitman. The local agent is Mr. A. B. Thompson. The Fire. — The terrible conflagration which visited Byron on the night of November 13, 1877, swept out of existence nearly all ofthe business portion of the village. On the morning of Wednesday, the full sweep of the destructive element was made visible. Under the impetus given to the town by the com pletion of the railroad, many new store buildings had been erected on Second Street; all that were left on that street between Walnut and Union Streets, were Watson's grocery, Rogers' bank, George Kosier's hotel, and George Eddy's dwelling. Where others had been, were piles of blackened walls and gaping cellars. Men and women were viewing in sorrow the places where years of toil and the gathered souvenirs of a life-time were heaped in ashes and smouldering tim bers, never to be replaced. Women looked with tear-stained faces, and men nerved themselves again with courage to commence life's struggle anew, with nothing but hope to cheer and a God above to help. The fire originated in the rear of Thompson & Kennedy's drug store. About II o'clock, P. M., some kerosene and turpentine which were stored in that part of the building were set on fire, and all efforts to stay its progress proved unavailing. Mr. Thompson rushed into his store, grasped his books, but, blinded and choked by the smoke, barely reached the door. G. W. Hawks and family, who occupied the second story for a dwelling, escaped without hat or bonnet; every thing in this building was a total loss. Next west, H. G. Stout's building, with his shoe shop, and J. R. Sensor's clothing store below, and Mr. Stout's residence above, were burned. Mr. Stout was badly burned in attempting to recover some of his household goods. Next west was Wm. Mix's dry goods and grocery store and the post-office. Mr. Mix saved a portion of his stock, but ttie mail bags and office were burned. The last building burned on the west side was Mr. Eddy's. Mrs. Wilbur and family occupied the upper story ; not more than half their goods were saved. The flames spread from the place they originated, across an eighteen-foot alley, east, to B. Kelsey's furniture store and dwelling above, leaving the occu pants but little time to remove any goods. The flames then enwrapped the two buildings of Mr. Buck, one occupied by Barker & Stone, dry goods and gro cery, below, Mr. Buck's residence above ; and the other by Mrs. Buck's millinery shop. Here the progress ofthe devouring fiend was arrested, but in the mean time it had sprung across the street three times, to Mr. Carter's building, and was three times extinguished, but the flames were finally victorious, and naught could save the long line of buildings which lined this, the north, side of the street. Mr. Carter was a heavy loser, and but little was saved of Mrs. Carter's millinery stock. Underwood's law office vanished at the touch of the destroyer. His law library, thanks to G. Stires and others, was saved. Next went Pat rick's building on the east, containing Mueller's boot and shoe store and resi dence; apart of his stock was saved. J. D. Blomquist received a hasty notice to clear the track, and his large stock of clothing was much damaged. Still the fierce flame rolled eastward, consuming Weigle's harness shop and Sanford's flour and feed store. The upper stories of these buildings were occupied by I. B. Biclcford's News office, M. S. Brown, barber shop. Dr. Hoadley, dental office. Here the fire was stayed in its course east. From Carter's building west, the flames caught on the side of the brick fronted block, burning west ward until it died from want of more material. The Times office first sue- S94 HISTOET OF OGLE COUNTT. cumbed to its effects. Foss' barber shop, Artz' drug store, Spaulding's hall, R. B. Throop's dry goods and grocery store, Fish & Sanders grocery, all shared the same fate. Ere the fire had spent its fury, the rain came down on the shelterless goods, damaging what the fire failed to consume and thieves did not carry away. The fire was evidently the work of an incendiary, as no fire had been within twenty feet of the spot where it was first discovered, for a month. The unknown faces that flitted here and there, hovering over goods which were scattered promiscuously about, and the large quantity of goods missing, add additional evidence that it was a work of malice or plunder. George Kosier's hotel, on fire several times, was saved by the cool and determined work of him self and friends, and afforded shelter for the homeless heads that night. The following list of losses, compiled by the editor of the Byron Times, G. Wellington Hawks, can be relied upon as accurate : Thompson & Kennedy, drugs, etc., $3,200; insurance, $1,000. R. B. Throop, dry goods, $850; insur ance, $3,000 ; received $807. Barker & Stone, dry goods, etc., $1,000; no in surance. W. J. Sanford, $250; insurance, $300 ; received $210. G. F. Hoad ley, $50; no insurance. Fish & Sanders, stock and building, $2,000; house hold goods, $100; no insurance. M. S. Brown, barber, $180. R. F. Watson, $150; insured, $200; received $69. H. J. Wing, building, $800 ; no insur ance. M. Buck, millinery and household goods, $3,500 ; no insurance. Wm. Weigle, building and stock, $1,500; insured for and received $600. W. F. Artz, drugs, $650; building, $906; received $435 insurance. Mrs. Wilbur, household goods, $200. J. R. Sensor, clothing, etc., $1,600. Wm. H. Mix, building, $1,050; stock, $1,600; no insurance. George Eddy, building, $500; no insurance. James Tyler, building, $400 ; received $200 insurance. P. Carter, building, household goods, millinery, etc., $2,309.65 ; no insurance. J. Mueller, boots, shoes, ste, $600 ; no insurance. G. F. Foss, barber, $125. J. F. Spaulding, buildings, $6,000 ; no insurance. J. D. Blomquist, stock and tools, $400. G. W. Hawks, household goods and printing office, $1,600; insured for $300 ; received $263. Band instruments, $200. W. J. Hawthorn, $ioo. J. P. Wayland, $50. H. G. Stout, building, tools and household goods, $1,698; no insurance. Geo. Kosier's shop and stock, $roo. B. Kelsey's building, household goods, stock, etc., $4,697.77; insurance, $r,6oo; George Patrick's two buildings, $3,400 ; insurance, $1,800. There was no insurance on property named unless so stated. The footing up shows a total loss of $40,130.42; insurance, $6,160; adjusted losses, 5,702. From which it will be seen that the uncovered loss is the enormous sum of $34,428.42. Much assistance was tendered the unfortu nate ones through a relief committee, composed of W. J. Bollinger, I. S. Knowl ton, Geo. Walters, G. AV. Hawks, Joseph Stone, J. S. Kosier, Wm. Weigle, Jno. T. Ray and E. A. Irvine. Many lost their all, and must again undergo the privations of starting their fortunes. Others were enabled to continue business — some through the aid of kind friends, and many buildings are already replac ing those destroyed. Mr. Rogers built a small temporary bank building, and Barker & Stone occupy his building. Mr. Sensor, Mr. Throop and Mr. Mix re opened in little buildings on Main Street. Fish & Sanders re-opened just east of Bollinger & Close's store. The first to build, after Mr. Rogers, was Wm. Weigle, who put up a small temporary harness shop until he could build a better one, which will be of stone, 22% by 50 feet, 20 feet high, on the old site. Mr. James Sanford put up a flour and feed store near the corner of Second and Walnut, 16 by 30. Sherer's building on Walnut Street is 20 by 40, two stories high. P. Carter claimed a right to a representation in the process of re-building, and put up a building the same size and height as Sherer's, which is about done. Merchant & Bowles' livery barn, 36 by 80, 14 feet high, is a model barn, having stable room for eighteen horses, with a large sign, covering HISTOET OF OGLE COUNTT 595 nearly the whole upper front, done by the sign painter, E. W. Thompson. J. F. Spalding wheeled into line, in putting up a building, 60 by 66, inside meas ure. The first story is divided into three stores ; two are 23 by 60, and the other 20 by 60 and 12 feet high. The upper story is divided to give three offices in front and a hall 40 by 66 and 17 feet high, which is reached by a broad stairway six feet wide. The roof will be of tin, and the walls will be covered with brick, thus making it nearly fire-proof Mr. Spalding superin tends the work himself A. Morris, last Fall commenced what some called a big post-hole, on Walnut Street, 40 by 84, laying up the walls nine feet high, and things seemed to be in statu quo; but Clint. Morris, his son, let the job of put ting up a two-story building, 40 by 84. The whole upper floor will be a hall 40 by 84, 16 feet high. The lower story will be divided into two stores, 20 by 84, and 12 feet high. The roof will be of iron, and the sides covered with brick. The basement cellars are under the whole building, and nine feet high. J. S. Kosier does the work. J. Mueller built himself a neat shoe shop on Second Street, 18 by 26, and H. G. Stout a little shop on Union Street. These buildings, with the two-story frame building to be built by B. Kel- sey, the double two-story stone building, 45 by 60 feet, 20 feet high, on the Stout lot, Second Street, which will be commenced soon, and a frame building by G. W. Hawks, i6 by 24, 12 feet high, with iron roof, on the corner of Wal nut and Second Streets, will make ByrOn appear like her old self, and doubt less encourage many others to follow in this live town. The present business interests are represented by D. H. Campbell, Wm. H. Mix, Barker & Stone, and R. B. Throop, general merchants ; Bollinger & Close and Rood Brothers, hardware ; Thompson & Kenney, drugs and gro ceries; Wm. F. Artz, druggist and physician; J. R. Sensor, clothing, boots and shoes ; J. D. Bloomquest, clothier and tailor ; R. F. Watson and A. D. Chain, grocers ; L. C. Spoor, tinner ; J. W. Sanford, flour and feed ; Wiard, jew eler ; E. Falker, artist ; J. I. Housewert, Merchant & Bowles, and Martin Brothers, liverymen ; N. J. Hewett and Henry Schneider, meat markets ; John Mueller and H. G. Stout, boots and shoes; J. F. Foss, barber; Joseph Blount, Wm. Murray and J. P. Wayland, physicians ; Mr. Faulkner and Mr. Hart, wagon makers ; Mr. Sears, blacksmith ; G. W. Hawks, editor Times; Junius Rogers, banker, established October, 1873 ; A. B. Knowlton, cashier and general partner ; D. U. Gravelin, Albion House ; Geo. Goodale, hotel ; Mrs. Brindley, Pacific House ; J. F. Spaulding, Noble & Cole, and G. P. Roslind, stone quarries ; F. A. Wheelock and George Kosier, justices of the peace and conveyancers ; M. H. Underwood and P. Carter, lawyers; and others. Religious. — The first minister of the gospel. Rev. Mr. Abbott, passed through this vicinity in 1835, at which time a meeting was appointed at Mr. Norton's house. The next minister was Rev. Alexander Irvin, a local Metho dist minister. Father McKean was the first to establish societies. He offici ated in forming the one at Byron, in the Winter of 1837. It had sixteen mem bers, and held services in a log house which Perry Norton built, just north of Isaac Norton's house, in the Summer of 1836. This was used for preaching for two or three years, by the Methodist denomination. The Methodist Episcopal Church, a small, yet substantial, stone structure, was built in 1855, and dedicated in the Fall of 1856. Rev. Barton H. Cart wright, the pastor at that time, hauled all the stone, working zealously through rain or shine. Mr. Cartwright has been at Byron four different times, twice at a very early day and once since the erection of the church. Rev. Jewett pre ceded Rev. Cartwright, at which time services were held in the school-house. We were unable to obtain a complete list of the pastors, but among them were : Revs. Wiley, Hutchins, Cross, Walker, Penfield, Dunbar, Lynn, Trowbridge, W. R. Hoadley, George S. Young, Benj. Close, Barton H. Cartwright and the pres ent pastor, Rev. J. W. P. Jordon. There are at present about fifty members. 596 HISTOET OF OGLE COUNTY Four years ago they built the two-story frame parsonage near the church. W. J. Bollinger is superintendent of the Sabbath-school. The Congregational Church was formed in May, 1837, with eleven mem bers. Rev. Morrell, of Rockford, officiating. Meetings were held at the house of Lucius Reed. Among its first members were David Holt, Lucius Reed and wife, L. O. Bryan, Luke Parsons, P. T. Kimball, Col. D. Brown, Mrs. Eleanor Mix. Rev. E. Brown, from North Hadley, Mass., took charge of the church in 1838, continuing nearly four years; followed by George Gemmell, eight years; and he by R. M. Pearsons, about eight years ; he by E. Root, one year ; suc ceeded by J. P. Stoddard in 1861, serving about ten years; temporary supplies for three years. August i, 1874, L. C. Beckman commenced labor, and sup plied three years. October i, 1877, Rev. W. E. Holyoke commenced labor with the church. In 1846, the brick edifice now occupied by the church, 40 by 50, was erected, being the best one in the county at that time. Dedicated in August, 1847, Rev. Jonathan Blanchard, President of Knox College, officiating. Present membership, about eighty. Rev. J. C. Beekman, formerly of the Congregational Church, holds religious services every Sunday and evening at the Reformed Club Room. Sabbath- school is also held at 12 M., every Sabbath. The Baptist denomination have for several years had an organization at Byron, but are not now in circumstances to support a regular pastor. Until recently Rev. L. G. Carr preached in the M. E. Church in the afternoon of every other Sabbath. Schools. — The first school-house was erected in the Winter of i836-'7, hy St. J. Mix, and school taught the Summer following, by Lydia A. Weldon, a sister of Mrs. Asa G. Spaulding, and afterwards the wife of Simon Spaulding. The house was located on the lot where now stands the Masonic Hall. It was afterwards torn away and a plaster house erected. This still remains as a por tion of the hall referred to, and still contains a branch of the public school, being taught by Miss Agnes Kendall. About twenty-seven years ago, a stock company built the present two-story brick school building, as the Byron Academy. In the same year it was erected, the first fair in Ogle County was held near there, the academy building being used as the exhibition hall. The date and incidents were destroyed in the recent fire, as, indeed, were a great many matters of interest, rendering the gathering of historical facts more diffi cult. The public schools now held in this building are presided over by W. A. Reynolds ; Assistants, Misses Ella Fisher and Cora F. Wertz. A. F. &= A. M. — Byron Lodge, No. 274, was organized in the Fall of 1856, with seven charter members : Charles Wertz, W. M.; Chas. F. Lewis, S. W.; A. O. Campbell, Treasurer ; George Wertz, C. Conner, E. Loekwood and Mr. Goodell. J. P. Martin was made a member at the first regular meeting, and became Secretary. The society owns its hall, a frame building 28 by 46, of two stories. The present membership is about thirty-five. Meetings are held each Thursday on or before the full moon. The present officers are : J. C. Davis, W. M.; E. W. Thompson, S. W.; W. A. Grove, J. W.; J. R. Sensor, Treasurer; G. Kosier, Secretary. Temperance. — An Independent Order of Good Templars existed in Byron for many years, but was finfilly absorbed by the red ribbon movement. The Byron Reformed Men's Club was organized in January, 1877, by J. H. Hoofstetler, of Sterling. They have a membership of twenty-eight, who are supposed to know, at least, " how it tastes," — to use the words of an active member. Meetings are held every Saturday evening, over Hewitt's meat mar ket, where they have a well-furnished room. The present officers are: Presi dent, Dr. W. C. Murray ; Vice Presidents, R. Hart, James Cattanach and A. W. Hetrick; Secretary, T. L. Johnson; Treasurer, W. J. Hawthorne. HISTOET OF OGLB COUNTT. 597 The Byron Reform Club was organized about the same time, by the same gentleman. It includes all who desire to unite, and has a membership of about 350. President, G. W. Hawks; Secretary, Mrs. Hapgood. It speaks well for Byron that its only saloon keeper is now serving a term in the county jail for violation of the liquor law. The Old Settlers Association of Byron and vicinity was organized in August, 1876, at a meeting held in Spaulding's Hall. A basket picnic was held on the last day of that month, in Ercanbrach's Grove, at which there were about sixty members present. The officers elected were : President, Perry Norton ; Treas urer, A. O. Campbell ; Secretary, Dr. W. F. Artz. The membership fee was fixed at fifty cents, the president and secretary having power to levy an assess ment of fifteen cents /ifr capita for the purpose of defraying expenses. There is no stated limit in the constitution or by-laws as to the time of residence in the county required to become a member. The proceedings and list of members were burned. Another picnic was held at Spaulding's Hall, on August 30, 1877, at which time speeches from old settlers, music and a grand basket dinner were the order of the day. It is contemplated to hold the third annual meeting and picnic at about the same time in this year. The same officers still preside. The Soldiers' Monument. — In the Spring of 1866, a movement was agitated in Byron for the purpose of erecting a monument in that village in honor, and to the memory, of the brave patriots who fell during the war of the Rebellion. Accordingly, an executive committee was appointed, after the necessary funds had been raised by subscription, with power to complete the work. This com mittee was composed of F. A. Smith, Silas Kidder, Wright C. Hall, Aquilla Spencer, A. T. Johnson, J. P. Smith, Dr. J. Blount, John S. Kosier and M. L. Seymour. They contracted for the monument with Heard and Lindsley, of Rochelle, for $950. The foundation, fence, etc., increased that amount to a total expenditure of nearly $1,400. The monument was completed and dedi cated Oct. 18, 1866. It is located in the centre ofthe crossing of Chestnut and Second Streets, and the entire village and vicinity were present at the dedication. The address was made by Adjt. Gen. Allen C. Fuller. The monument is of Rutland, Vermont, marble, twelve feet in height, sur mounted by an eagle, rising for flight, made of the same material. It is situated on a stone base, which rests on a grassy mound, four feet in height ; the whole being surrounded by a neat octagonal iron fence. On the plinth, which is 22^ feet square, and 2 feet 2 inches high, are inscribed in sunken letters, on the northeast side, the following: " In memory of the Patriotic Bovs of Byron, WHO FELL IN SUBDUING THE GrEAT REBELLION 1861-1865." On the south east side appears the following : " Edwin M. Elliott, J. C. Norton, Wm. Cattan ach, M. D. Swan, F. Monroe Ayers, members of Co. B., 92d I. V. I." On the northwest side are the names : " Levi Crawford, Co. G., 44th I. V. I.; Stephen Kingsley, Co. D., nth I.V. I.; Heman Coleson, Co. G., 44th I.V. I.; Zachariah Lake, Co. C, 65th I. V. I.; Perry Wilder, Co. E., 74th I. V. I." On the south west side is the coat of arms, in carved figures of three inches depth. Above the plinth is the die, 15^ feet square, and 2^ feet high ; its four faces bearing the following inscriptions, in raised letters : On the southwest side — " Capt. Hollis S. Hall, Co. E., 34th I. V. I., died Nov. 6, 1865 ; Marcus Bennett, Co. E., 34th I. V. I. ; J. G. Doughty, Co. E., 34th I. V. I.; Charles Brainard, Co. E., 34th I.V..L; H. R. Kosier, Co. A., 48th I. V. I.; D. C. Wray, Co. I., 15th L V. I." On the northwest side — " Lieut. C. N. Woods, died July 31, 1863 ; Newel Kimball, Levi Wheeler, Wm. A. Robinson; R. B. Lawrence, Geo. W. Fisher, members of Co. F., 74th I. V. I." On the southeast side appear the following names: "Wm. F. Campbell, killed Oct. 3, 1864; E. R. Rice, Benj. Hetrick, John Hetrick, Dimmit McSherry, John Downs, G. J. A. O'Connor, members of Co. B., 92d I. V. I." On the northeast side are the names : " Joseph W. Sanford, Co. B., 140th I. V. I.; Daniel Vanston, Co. C, 12th I. V. C; R. V. Jones, Co. C. 598 HISTOET OF OGLE COUNTT, 7th I. V. C; Francis Herron, Co. B., 5 8th I. V. I.; E. Dennis, Co. F., 45* I. V. I.; Lieut. H. C. Cooling, Co. B., 92d I. V. I." The die is surmounted by the octagonal spire, 1 5{ feet square, and 5 feet 10 inches high. The monument is a proud ornament to the village, and indicates the noble sentiments, love and devotion to those whose names are thereon inscribed. War Bounty Claims. — On February 2, 1865, at a town meeting held in Byron, immediately after the President's last call for men, Byron's quota being seventeen men, it was ordered that the township pay a bounty of $300 to each volunteer. There were enlisted under that call, Jeremiah Jordan, Wilson Hunt, Henry A. Smith, Robert A. Sanderson, A. B. Knowlton, and Samuel E. Parsons. A. T. Johnson, Supervisor, and J. S. Kosier, Collector, raised by subscription, as it was needed immediately, the amount of $4,215 as a town fund, and $3,000 as a county fund. With that amount the following eleven men were put into the service : G. B. Scudder, J. Freesman, D. Spencer, J. Bradley, J. Boop, A. W. Grover, C. F. Piper, F. M. Canfield, L. Olson, O. Shoemaker, and R. A. Mc- Name. Money was paid for that purpose by the followingfpersons : J. Love, R. H. and M. P. Bull, Robt. Bowie, $300 each ; A. A. Johnson, J. Rood, Mr. Pres ton, Wm. Wright, $200 each ; J. Ives, A. Woodburn, D. W. Linn, F. A. Smith, R. E. Bradshaw, J. Doughty, Wm. Loekwood, J. P. Smith for Mr. Hunt, and J. Roberts, $100 each ; A. T. Johnson, $400, for which these parties received county bonds bearing ten per cent interest. These moneys were paid March 10, 1865. The expenses amounted to $166.29, which was paid by voluntary subscription. On the i8th of March, 1865, a special election was held at whicli the township voted against paying the bounty, and after that time all moneys collected were given as a voluntary subscription. August 23, at a special meet ing ofthe township auditors, the amount of $4,215 was allowed. That amount included the $1,800 due the six soldiers who first enlisted, and was extended upon the tax books and returned to the Collector for collection. At a special town meeting, held October 12, which was gotten up by those opposed to paying the bounty, the following resolution was adopted by a vote of 83 to I : That proceedings in Court of Equity be commenced and prosecuted on the part ofthe inhabitants ofthe Town of Byron, in order to arrest and annul the collection of any tax levied on the property of said town for the payment of any military town bounties, and that a committee be appointed by the Board, consisting of three persons, to superintend the conducting said suit, and that they take such legal advice and employ such counsel as they may consider will be proper in conducting the same, provided, however, that said suit shall not be commenced unless such committee shall, after proper legal advisement, consider that such suit will be likely to prevail to accomplish the object of the same. As this committee, A. O. Campbell, F. A. Smith, and William Loekwood were appointed. In December, 1865, this committee sued out an injunction to stop collection of the tax. The case was tried in Ogle County, and decision rendered against defendants ; was taken up to the Supreme Court on writ of error, and remanded for a new trial before Judge Heaton, who dissolved the injunction and the tax was paid. The Press of Byron will be noted in a special chapter devoted to that im portant subject. The Byron Times, edited and published by G. Wellington Hawks, is a feature of the village, which is well appreciated by the citizens, as its large and increasing list of readers indicates. Byron has never been incorporated. The township officers are : Supervisor, L. B. Burch ; Town Clerk, M. H. Underwood ; Assessor, W. C. Hall ; Collector, Moses Coolbaugh ; Commissioners of Highways, J. F. Spaulding, Adam Ha maker and Henry Austin ; Justices of the Peace, George Kosier and F. A. Wheelock ; Constables, J. G. Bowles and Wm. C. Bunn. Postmaster, though not a township officer, is Silas St. John Mix. HISTOEY OF OGLE OOUNTT. 599 GHANA. Including a Sketch of Pine Rock Township, The earliest settler in this township is said to be David Maxwell. He passed through this prairie in 1832, on his return from the battle of Stillman's Run, where he had gone with a Bloomington company, called McLain's Militia. He then was pleased with the fertile prairies of Ogle County. In 1835, with his brother-in-law, Samuel Aikens, of Franklin County, Ohio, he moved to Washington Grove. After locating their land, Mr. Aikens returned to Ohio, where he remained for two years, and then came back with his wife and others of the family, among whom were Dick, Charley and Tom, their parents, and a Ross family, connected by marriage. Of these, the three young men mentioned :gained rather hard names, and will be referred to more especially in another place. The parents, youngest son (Samuel), and David Maxwell were respected as good citizens. Mrs. Samuel Aikens is now living at Ashton, and her daughter, now Mrs. John Todd, is still living in Ghana. The Aikens brothers kept the first black- .smith shop and built a saw mill on a small stream, at Washington Grove. In 1835, Aaron Paine made a claim at Paine's Point, and settled there with his family. Benjamin Boyce settled near him soon after, but, after making ¦some improvements, sold out to George Taylor from New York. Mr. Taylor lived on the same farm till the time of his death. His son. Mason, now occu pies the farm. Mr. Paine sold out to the father of Augustus Austin, who now lives there. Mr. Paine afterwards moved to Ox Bow Prairie, in Putnam County and from there to Oregon Territory, leaving his family behind. In Oregon he became a member of the state legislature. Mr. Paine learned his letters after he was forty years of age, of John Whitaker, an early settler at Black Walnut Grove. The first post-office was kept near Paine's Point, by Mrs. Thomas Stinson. Here, also, the first church, Lutheran, was built, about 1852. This church was of stone, and was replaced in 1874 by the present frame building. Rev. Mr. Hill, of Oregon, now preaches there occasionally. The post-office, and also a store, are now kept by John Kizer. In 1856, a commodious frame church was ¦erected there by the Wesleyan Methodist denomination. About 1843, a school- house was built here, which was afterwards moved to another district, and the present frame school-house built. Homan Morgan settled in White Oak Grove, south of Ghana, in 1836. He had been a Baptist minister in Ohio. His oldest son, Lyman, built a grist mill on the Kyte River, and afterwards moved to Wisconsin, where he became known as the inventor of the Morgan water-wheel. His parents moved to Wis consin and lived with him. Another son, Homan, still resides on section 25." Soon after the Morgans, Captain Isaac Trask and family settled one mile west of White Oak Grove, on the Kyte River. Captain Trask left a sea-faring fife to find a home in the wilds of Illinois, and for many years was seldom seen without a gun or fishing tackle for a companion. He has become one of Pine Rock's solid citizens. Israel, one of his sons, is now supervisor from that town.. ship. Nearly ten years since, Mr. Schoonhoven established a cheese factory on the east line of section 13, which is still in operation. At an early day, Dr. John Roe settled at Lighthouse Point, in the south eastern corner of Nashua Township. Among others, the following settled in Lafayette and Pine Rock before 1841 : John Weeks and wife, Charles Rice, James Clark, Wm. Bridges, John Gil braith, John H. Stephenson, Mercer P. Carr, Harrison Ogden, Milton Burright, Lewis Williams, H. Hills and Riley Paddock. Mathew Bailey settled near Dr. Roe and has two sons, James and John, now residing in the township. 600 HISTOET OF OGLB COTTNTT. There are many other early settlers at Paine's Point worthy of mention, did space permit, among them Luman Taylor, Avery Taylor, Spirick Wellington, David Hazleton, Anthony Wood, (his brother Enoch, now of Chicago, lived in Nashua Township,) Thomas, Harrison and Langdon Stinson, their mother and sisters, Horace Grant and family, John Ely and family. Mrs. Thomas Stinson, a lady who was highly esteemed by all, died in May, 1877. A number of families of the Tiltons settled more recently in the southeast ern part of the township. They occupy almost the entire territory of that vicinity. In 1846, Oliver W. Canfield settled at Washington Grove. His son, Geo. E., is now Justice of the Peace at Ghana. John H. Stephenson at one time had a grist mill and distillery on the creek running through Washington Grove. R. T. Haines was a partner in the distillery business. Wm. J. Keyes kept school in 1841, at a cabin on the west side of Washington Grove. Mrs. Cry- der afterwards taught near there. In 187 1, the Ctiicago and Iowa railroad was built through the township. Phineas Chaney bought the west half of the southwest quarter of section 15, half of it from John C. Ober, and the remainder from Benjamin Canfield, for $4,000. Mr. Chaney made a stock company of this property dividing into twenty shares. The railroad passed through these eighty acres ; they were laid off for village purposes, and called " Ghana," after its founder, whose name was originally spelled in that way. A station was established here, and on July 4, 187 1, the first building, the grain warehouse of Phineas Chaney, was completed. This warehouse was run by Benjamin, a son of Phineas Chaney, who was also station agent. A car was first used as depot. It is now used as a tool house. The first storehouse, and second building, in Ghana was a wagon shop, 18 by 35 feet in size, moved by Mr. Chaney from Paine's Point and fitted up for store purposes. It was first occupied with a general stock by Joel Matson. The next buildings were the dwellings of Allen Eichaner, on Main Street, and of Charles Long, in 1872. Thomas Emerson built the first blacksmith shop, just east of the village line, in the Fall of 1871. This he afterwards moved into town. It is still continued by Mr. Emerson. The next season, John Cumins built the largest storeroom now in Ghana, on the north end and west of Main Street. Mr. Matson sold out to A. E. Kemper, who sold to Watson and Ball. They moved the stock away. The second store was built by A. J. Butterfield and occupied by Lyman Phelps, with a stock belonging to Perry Brothers, of Rochelle. George Proctor had a saloon in the basement. Sprecker & Clevadence followed Lyman Phelps. Daniel Sprecker now runs this store in the corner building. L.W.Clark established a drug store, June 10, 1875, buying out Joseph Dickover, who had opened the first drug store, eighteen months before. John Rine, Daniel Sprecker and John Todd now keep general stocks of goods. J. P. Lilly recently established a hardware store. William Mclntire and James Pool now have billiard halls. Blacksmiths, George Trombly and Thomas Emerson. James Miller, Attorney at Law. Dr. Newton, an old resident, lives three miles west of Qhana, at the site of an old town called Watertown. Dr. U. C. Roe has practiced in Ghana for four years. A substantial hotel building, called the Valley House, was erected in 1875 by John Todd, who built several other houses, and did much to increase the prosperity of Ghana. The hotel is now occupied by Samuel Tilton. Watertown, above referred to, had, at one time, a saw mill and carding mill, on the Kyte River. The anticipations of making it a manufacturing point were never realized. Major Chamberlain and John Carpenter were among the prominent citizens there. /^-^^^^^^^^UiS^^ AS/^i^^'^^^ DAVIS JUNCTION HISTOET OF OGLE COUNTT. 603 The only school-house in the vicinity of Ghana is one which was built north ofthe middle of section 22, in 1869. In this, Miss Nellie Putman first taught. She was hired by Asabel Burricht. It is a small frame building, and is now taught by Samuel Howe. It is very detrimental to the growth and best interests of Ghana, that no school has ever been established in the village. When the school-house was built, a station of the Methodist circuit was there established. Meetings had previously been held at the Canfield school- house. The following pastors have officiated since that time : Revs. A. P. Hatch, Schoonmaker, Z. Paddock, T. R. Satterfield, and the present minister. Rev. Wm. Cross. The present church building was erected in 1875, at a cost of |i,8oo, under tbe pastorate of the Rev. Mr. Paddock. It was dedicated by the Rev. Luke Hitchcock, of Chicago. The present membership is about seventy-five. A Sabbath-school was established in connection with the church, with Alexander Knapp as superintendent. The present superintendent is Rev. E. H. Canfield. The elevator, a frame building, was erected in 1874, by Andrews Brothers, who were early residents at Paine's Point. It 'is now owned by David H. Weltz, Sr. Ghana has borne no enviable name in some social respects, but this Winter marks a new epoch in its history. Besides a great religious revival, by which about twenty-five members were added to the church, the temperance wave has reached the village, and restored many to sobriety and respectability. A large number of the youth, temperate men, and a majority of the hard drinkers have joined in the movement. There is now a membership of 125. Meetings are held Saturday evenings, with the following officers : President, Capt. F. W. Pike; Vice Presidents, R. K. Hawley, S. L. Aikens and Charles Clapp; Secre tary, J. P. Lilly; Treasurer, Samuel Mitchell, Financial Secretary, John Eakle, and other minor officers. On Tuesday, March 12, 1878, while the writer was visiting Ghana, a horrible accident occurred which wrapped the little village in a cloud of sorrow not soon to be effaced from memory. Lizzie, the beautiful, bright-eyed little daughter of George Trombly, was burned to death by catching her clothes on fire while in the house alone. She was four years of age, and beloved by the entire neighborhood. On the night of November 29, 1876, John H. Rine was assaulted by William Maxwell, robbed and left for dead. Maxwell had seen Mr. Rine count out about $165, and take with him when leaving his store at night. Near the church Mr. Rine was knocked down with a car coupling-pin, robbed and dragged to the rear of the church, where he was left senseless. He recovered only after a long period of prostration. Maxwell was tried, convicted and sen tenced to thirty years in the penitentiary, where he is now in durance vile. The present township officers are : Supervisor, Israel Trask ; Town Clerk, John C. Ober ; Assessor, John Bailey ; Collector, E. R. Cooley ; Constables, Henry Emmons and William P. Deets ; Commissioners of Highway, Samuel Mitchell, Sheldon Burright and Scott Gale ; Justices of the Peace, George E. Canfield and Frederick W. Pike. CRESTON. The first permanent settler within the limits of Dement Township was John Brodie, who, with his family, settled on section 12 in 1836. In this family there were several sons and daughters. Mr. Brodie was a brother-in-law of one of the notorious Driscoll clan. These characters had evidently left Ohio to avoid the odium of a somewhat tarnished record. They enjoyed the grim pleasure of twitting each other of their Ohio home — the penitentiary. To the Driscoll 604 HISTOET OF OGLE OOUNTT. family, whose connection with this vicinity was at one time much too intimate to be pleasant, a separate chapter will be devoted. They lived across the line, in DeKalb County. At the time of the early settlements, it was customary for settlers to make claims near groves of timber, for protection from the cold, biting blasts of Win ter on the prairies. The grove at which Brodie settled still retains the name of Brodie's Grove. He afterwards moved away, being threatened with death for his misdeeds if he remained. Two years after Mr. Brodie, William Youngs, with his family, settled on Kilbuck Creek, a mile and a half northwest of Brodie. He afterwards moved to Iowa. Samuel Brock, with his family settled east of, and adjoining, Mr. Young's claim, about two years later. Mr. Brock has since died, and his family now reside in Creston. The next settler at the grove was Baltz Niehoff, who occupied land for Snively, Sharer & Company, a company who had purchased Brodie's land when he departed. The men of this company, Elias Sniveley, Henry Sharer, Nathaniel Swingley and Samuel Hitt, had come from Maryland to Mt. Morris, and all became actual settlers of Dement Township afterwards. Mr. Niehoff moved to Carroll County. Mr. Snively returned to Maryland, Mr. Sharer and Mr. Hitt returned to Mt. Morris, where the former still lives. In 1850, Nathaniel Swingley went to California, but, after three years and a half residence in the land of gold, he returned to Creston, where he still resides, ¦ a prominent, influential and democratic citizen. In 1850, Thomas Smith came from Canada and occupied the farm of Mr- Swingley during his absence. Mr. Smith was made postmaster a few years after, and he, as well as nearly all those living along the public road between Chicago and Oregon, kept open house for the accommodation of passing travelers. In 1852, Norman Payne and Barzilla Knapp, brothers-in-law, located at Brodie's Grove, section 12, then in Flagg Township. After selecting their lands, they returned to their homes in Connecticut, where they remained two years, and then brought their families to Dement Township. Both are now res idents of Creston. Robert Benson, who was absent when Messrs. Payne and Knapp first came, although he had been there and selected his land, returned and was living there when they came back. These constitute most of the early settlers of Dement Towmship. From that time the prairies began to fill up more rapidly, and, though it would be our pleasure, it is impossible to name the many settlers following. Many amusing stories are told of those pioneer times, and many a tale of hardship and privation is remembered. The building of the Chicago & Northwestern Railroad, described in another portion of this work, caused a settlement at a point on its route, which has since developed into the thriving Village of Creston. The village is located principally upon the northwest quarter of section 23. The north half of this section was entered by Col. John Dement, of Dixon, after whom the township received its name. Gordon Hewett entered section 24 for Thomas Smith. " Uncle Trfm," as he is called, built his house — the first one within the town corporation — a short time before the railroad was built. Here the first preaching was done, by an Episcopalian minister named Todd. Mr. Smith then kept a public house and post-office, and, when the rail road came through, he was made station agent, the station being called " Dement." A car was soon left there for a depot. The next building erected was a storeroom, by Anson Barnum, near and northwest of the site of the present McCrea elevator. The following year he built a house near the south end of Main Street. Mr. Barnum afterwards became county judge, and died in Oregon. HISTOET OF OGLE OOUNTT. 605 In 1856, James Richards also built a house near and opposite Barnum's, on the west side of Main Street. Soon after, houses were built by Levi Howard, Asa Rice, B. R. Pierce, Deacon Gillett, Joseph Foreman, Isaac Bickford and others. The second store was opened by H. H. Clark, in 1857, in a building which he erected on Main Street, where now stands the store of Wm. H. Rowe. In the same year, the first hotel was built, at the north end of Main Street. It is not now used for hotel purposes, but is owned by M. D. Hathaway. The only hotel now in Creston is managed by Wm. Koeffer, near the depot. Alexander Parmalee bought out Mr. Clark, who built a new building, now occupied by Dr. Robbins' drug store. Frank Hanson started the first black smith shop, north of the corner where the drug store now stands. Schools. — The first school-house in Creston was a frame building 26 by 32 feet in size, which was built by B. R. Pierce, in 1857. In this house W. W. Wash burne first taught. School was held in that building until 1869, when the present beautiful and substantial school-house was erected at a cost of $r 0,000. P. R. Walker was the first Principal of the school. The present teachers are : Miss Jane Hathaway, Principal ; the two Misses Allen, Assistants. The present School Board consists of Messrs. Upton Swingley, L. W. Young, and Asa Diraon. School was first taught in the township by George Swingley, in Nathaniel Swingley 's house. The first school room in the township was built by Gilbert Campbell and Hiram Barnum, in 1855. Miss Cummins first taught the school, and in the two Winters following the school was instructed by Barzilla Knapp. Religious. — The Congregational Church was organized September 21, 1856, by Rev. Flavel Bascom, agent ofthe Illinois Missionary Association, with four teen members. Rev. Richard C. Bristol became the first pastor, December i, 1857, on a salary of $250. S. B. Gillett was the first Deacon. The church edifice was built in the Spring of 1866, principally through the energetic labors of its Pastor at that time. Rev. Henry Buss. The society now numbers seventy members, and its Pastor is Rev. Hadley M. Crosbie. The Deacons are F. H. Gillett and E. H. Miller. The Sabbath-school, organized in connection with the church, has a membership of about seventy-five. The Methodist Episcopal Church of Creston was organized at Brodie's Grove April 19, 1857, by Rev. John Nait, who was then in charge of Lane Mission. There were nine members. Martin Webb was first Class-leader, and N. H. Morse, District Steward. Class met at Mr. Webb's and preaching was held in dwellings — generally at Mr. Webb's. The Presiding Elder was Rev. Luke Hitchcock, now agent of the Western M. E. Book Concern. The first preacher in charge of this circuit, then connected with Malta, was Rev. J. Frost, deceased, late husband of Mrs. Julia Frost, now living in Creston. It was then in St. Charles District Rock River Conference, now Dixon District Rock River Conference. The church was built in the Fall of 1866. Rev. D. Apple ford was preacher in charge, and there were 51 members. Present Pastor, Rev. J. H. Thomas. Number of members, 62. Reference is made to the Creston Times in the chapter devoted to the Press. Dement Lod^e No. ^15, A. P.dr' A. M. — Was established in Creston October I, 1867, with the following charter members : V. M. Southgale, H. M. Webb, J. White, C. H. Robbins, E. L. Wells, H. Dunning, J. L. Padgett, Elias Mead, A. Miller, A. Dimon, J. W. Fay, J. V. Dimon, F. Leach, W. A. Washburne, C. W. Fay, Geo. Payne, J. E. Lawson, N. P. Fay, S. Woodard, A. B. McCrew, J. Campbell, C. F. Chapman, T. Y. Frost, I. F. Mettler, C. E. Adams, D. Dimon. The first officers were : A. Dimon, W. M. ; C. E. Adams, S. W. ; J. Oakley, J. W., who were also charter members. The present officers are : D. Dimon, W. M. ; U. Swingley, S. W. ; E. Hooper, J. W. ; C. I. Bewley, Secretary ; J. Gomon, Treasurer ; F. A. Campbell, S. D. ; J. Smith, J. D. ; C. B. Hnrton, Tyler. The present membership is fifty-six. 606 HISTOET OF OGLE OOUNTT. Creston Lodge, No. 572, /. O. O. F. — Was organized April 21, 1875, with six charter members as follows : B. Knapp, N. G. ; T. Y. Frost, V. G. ; C. H. Frost, Secretary; James Hardeman, David Fowler, and J. B. Cobb. There are now about thirty-five members. Its present officers are : W. H. Pratt, N. G. ; John Harbison, V. G. ; Joseph Cole, Secretary; E. E. Overholtzer, Treasurer. The society has a nicely furnished hall and fine regalia. The Creston Cornet Band. — Was organized in April, 1874. In the Fall of the same year the band purchased a new set of fourteen instruments at an expense of about $300. It is the prize band of Ogle County, having received the first premium of $75 at the County Fair in 1877. Instructor, Prof. D. S. McCosh ; leader, M. R. Wolcott. Creston Guards, Co. G, Third Regiment, I. N. G. — Was organized Feb. 12, 1876 ; re-organized under new law Aug. 27, 1877. Present officers : Capt. John G. Gammon, ist Lieut. Wm. F. Reed, 2d Lieut. Geo. W. Blackmer, ist Sergt. Wm. CoUamore, 2d Sergt. C. W. Gibson, 3d Sergt. John Holland, 4th Sergt. W. B. Bennett, 5th Sergt. J. A. Allen. Number, 52 members. The present township officers are : Supervisor. Joseph White ; Town Clerk, Wm. H. Pratt ; Assessor, A. Lewis ; Collector, Daniel Overacker ; Commissioners of Highways, B. R. Pierce, W. S. Lyon, and Thomas Brown ; Justices of the Peace, George W. Allen and Joseph White ; Constables, D. Overacker and C. B, Horton ; Treasurer, Albert Lewis. The present village officers are : Trustees, Albert Lewis, President ; Upton Swingley, George W. Allen, C. I. Bewley, C. C. Benjamin ; Village Clerk, Wm. H. Pratt; Justice of the Peace, B. Knapp. The following list embraces the principal business interests of Creston at present writing, April, 1878 : G. W. Allen, carpenter and builder, and manu facturer of Allen's Patent Barb Fence Wire; C. E. Adams, postmaster and news depot ; Fred L. Anderson, harness shop; G. A. Aurner, physician ; L. Barling, clothing ; G. W. Blackmer, coal and hay dealer ; Bohlander Brothers, general merchants ; Mrs. Davis, dressmaker ; Asa Dimon, agricultural imple ments ; Daniel Dimon, wagon shop ; Drake & Cobb, general merchants ; Martin Dunn, drug store ; D, E. Edington, general merchant; Charles Emrich, black smith ; H. Fogleman, Fogleman House ; Fogleraan & Dimon, livery stable ; D. Fowler, tailor; Wm. Koerfer, Creston House; J. McCortney, boot and shoe maker; J. A. McCrea & Co., grain elevator, stock, and lumber dealers ; Jacob Mitchell, meat market; J. H. Nelson, blacksmith ; E. E. Overhaltzer, restaurant; Jane Rickey, millinery and dressmaking; H. C. Robbins, drug store, jewelry, books and stationery ; — Sheer, harness shop ; H. T. Thompson, general mer chant ; Joseph White, grain elevator, coal dealer and Justice of the Peace ; Wm. Waterman, loan and collection agent ; C. E. Whitten, physician and surgeon ; B. Knapp^ Justice of the Peace, loan and collection agent. DAVIS JUNCTION. This village is situated in Scott Township, midway between Rockford and Rochelle, at the crossing of the Chicago, Rockford and Northern, and the Chicago and Pacific railroads. It was laid out in May, 1875, by Jeremiah Davis ; is situated in the heart of a rich agricultural section, and is a place of much promise. It has a population of about two hundred. The York River Butter Factory was built and commenced operations May 14, 1877. It has a capacity for working 16,000 pounds of milk per day, and is as complete an estab lishment as can be found. T. H. Baker, President; G. W. Fraser, Secretary; Israel Boyes, Manager. James Martin runs a steam feed mill with an engine of forty horse power, capable of turning three runs of stones. There are also other business interests, as follows: Burdick & Wilson, carriage and wagon makers; HISTOET OF OGLE OOUNTT. 607 J. K. Dentler, general merchant; P. Brace, hardware; Joseph Kendall, drugs, groceries and books; Frank Eaton, grocer; J. P. Eddy, meat market; Miss Agnes H. Canning, milliner, dressmaker and postmistress; Frank Morse, livery stable ; Henry Woodworth, blacksmith ; Junction House, built by Peter Tilton, run by Wm. Hills; Central Hotel by Frank Eaton. An elevator is situated on the Chicago, Rockford & Northern railroad, having a capacity for handling 5,000 bushels of grain per day. There are two express offices, the American and United States. Four mails arrive each day. The public school building is a fine, large brick structure of two stories. The two railroads crossing at right angles make this place very desirable for manufacturing purposes, on ac count of the facilities offered for distribution of products. In this township is Big Mound, an eminence visible for a distance of fifteen miles in every direction. GRAND DE TOUR. This village was one of the earliest in the county. It is situated in a sweeping curve of Rock River, opposite a green and fertile island, and in the midst of romantic, picturesque scenery. Having an excellent water power, it was sought by many for manufacturing purposes, and at one time bade fair to become a thriving city. Extensive manufacturies were begun, and Grand de Tour was well known, but the Chicago & Northwestern Railroad Company decided to pass through Dixon, nine miles south, placing the former village at a disadvantage from which it never recovered. In 1834 Leonard Andrus started from Dixon's Ferry up Rock River in a canoe. The present Lee County was then a portion of Jo Daviess, and Dixon was not laid off as a village until the following year. The inhabitants then were few in numbers, and it is probable that Mr. Andrus was the first white man to explore that beautiful portion of the Rock River Valley. The river is dotted with green islands, while the banks present an endless variety of towering cliffs and mystic caverns. About nine miles above the ferry Mr. Andrus landed and made claim to the beautiful vale which now forms the site of Grand de Tour. The next season be and W. A. House, with their families, took up their residence there and built a log cabin. Their kitchen was located out doors, and culinary operations were often watched by lounging Indians. They were soon joined by Amos Bosworth, Russell Green, Wm. G. Dana, Marcus and Dennis Warren and others. The first white women were Mrs. Sarah I. House and Sophronia Weatherby, who came July 4, 1835. Mrs. E. G. Sawyer, Mrs. Hill and Mrs. Huston, came in the next year. Mrs. Esther G. S. Sawyer is still a resident of Grand de Tour, and is its earliest living settler. In November, 1835, the first child was born in Grand de Tour, a daughter, Gertrude, of W. A. and Sarah I. House. Mr. House established the ferry and was made postmaster. Much general advancement was made in 1836. The village was laid out and a Hydraulic Company was organized for the improvememt of the water power and erection of mills. The company, which consisted of Amos Bosworth, Leonard Andrus, Russell Green, W. A. House, W. G. Dana and Marcus and Dennis Warren, built a saw mill the same year, three miles from the village, on Pine Creek, where the bridge now stands. The Fourth of July, 1836, was cele brated by digging the town well. When Mrs. Sawyer came in 1836 there was a tavern kept by Irad Hill and a store by House and Green. The only other house in the village was the residence of W. A. House, which consisted of one small room, and was used as a kitchen, dining and sleeping room. For a dress ing room, a patch of tall grass near the river bank was cut down, and there they made their toilets, using the water of Rock River for a mirror. In 1837 the Hydraulic Company commenced to build the dam, race and saw-mill. The grist-mill was begun at this time, but was not completed until 1838-9, and was 608 HiSTOEy OF OGLE COtJNTf. soon after purchased by Solon Cumins, who, indeed, purchased the greater portion of the village, and became postmaster and a prominent man. The first frame house, known as the "Red House," was erected by Mr. House in the Spring of 1837. In the following summer five other houses were built — one a large hotel, by the Hydraulic Company, and kept by Robert McKenney, and afterwards by Henry L. Merrill. It was taken down in 1864 and a store-house erected on the same site. The second frame house was a dwelling built byE. H. Shaw, and is now used as a barn. The third was built by Calvin Turner, now owned by Mrs. S. H. Wilson ; the fourth by Mr. Martin, afterwards bought by A. T. Stoneburner, and the fifth building was a store-house built by the Hydraulic Company, and now owned by James Rogers. Charles Throop came to Grand de Tour in 1838. In 1843 he opened a general store with Mr. Dana, and has continued alone in business since 1848 to the present time. The settlement, for a time, progressed very rapidly. The brick tavern, known as the Clinton House, was built and kept by Clifton C. Colburn in 1839. Mr. Cumins' purchases of goods in this year amounted to $40,000. Settlers came from Elkhorn, North, Washington, Brodies, and many other groves to do their trading. John Deere, now the noted plow manufacturer at Moline, Ills., opened a blacksmith shop in Grand de Tour, with a set of tools purchased on credit in 1837. In 1839 he made his first plow, and two years later Andrus and Deere started the Grand de Tour plow works on a small scale. This factory was moved to Dixon, where the business is extensively prosecuted by Cumins, Noble & Dodge. During the financial crisis of 1857 the factory was burned down, but was rebuilt in ninety days. The first wagon maker was S. E. Hath away; the first carpenter, George Gushing; the first cabinet maker, Mr. Henry; the first mill-wright, Ebenezer Day ; first shoemaker, O. F. Palmer ; G. Clements manufactured tinware, George L. Herrick doing the labor as first journeyman tinker; first Justice of the Peace, Erastus Hubbell; first constable, Calvin. Turner. The first school was opened in the winter of 1838 by Mr. Goodrich, and in the summer of 1839 a school was taught by Sophronia Weatherby in a slab house. The first physician was William Bass ; the first wedding, that of Reuben Prichard with|Mary Rathburn in March, 1840 ; the second, that of John Cutshaw with Willmot Brown ; the third, George L. Herrick with Julia Muzzy. The first death was that of Mrs. Gardner. The first birth has been referred to; the first boy born in Grand de Tour was Charles, son of John and D. Deere, in 1839- Religious. — On the 8th day of July, 1837, a meeting was held at the resi dence of E. H. Shaw for the purpose of organizing a Congregational society. Revs. Colvin W. Babbitt and E. Hazzard were present at the organization, and the former became the first pastor. The society, as formed, consisted of twelve members, two only of whom are now living — Mrs. Esther G. Sawyer, of Grand de Tour, and Mrs. Susan Hamilton, of Moline. Five of the number rest in the village cemetery. E. E. Gardner was the first clerk, and Reuben Pritchard and Samuel Anthony, the first deacons. The Congregational Church was the first to be erected in Grand de Tour, and cost nine hundred dollars. It was commenced April 18 and dedicated Novem ber 12, 1848. Rev. L. H. Loss, of Rockford, preached the dedication sermon. The first trustees, Ruel Peabody, N. C. Tyrrell and G. W. Southwick, were appointed April 12, 1848. On the 21st day of that month W. G. Dana and wife, members of the church, presented the lot on which the building stands. The building committee were F. W. Southwick, J. M. Gould and R. M. Pearson, the latter of whom was the first pastor. The lumber was bought in Chicago and hauled out by Ruel Peabody. The society is now disorganized and the church used as a society and town halL atBTOET OF OGLE OOUNTT. 609 The first Episcopal Mnister, Bishop Chase, preached in the house of E. H. Shaw on an evening of June, 1837. The pulpit was a three-legged stool set upon the table and covered with a towel, while the light was reflected from tallow candles. The Episcopal Church was commenced in April, 1849, and completed in the year following. The Ladies' Sewing Society paid the first one hundred dollars for lumber, which was bought in Chicago by E. W. Dutcher, who hauled the first load. In June, 1849, the corner-stone was laid in the presence of twelve ladies and fourteen gentlemen. In an excavation in that stone a tin box was placed containing the following articles : a Bible, prayer-book, a copy of the Constitution of the United States, of the Declaration of Independence, of the Constitution of Illinois ; the names of the resident minister — A. J. Warner ; Bishop of Illinois — Philander Chase ; church wardens — S. M. Harris and Carlton Bayley; vestrymen — S. C. Colton, Solon Cumins, Leonard Andrus, H. H. Paine and E. W. Dutcher; building committee — S. M. Harris, H. H. Paine, E. W. Dutcher, Leonard Andrus, Solon Cumins and George Gushing ; the names of subscribers to the church fund, of communicants twelve in number, the names of the founders of the town, 'also gold and silver coin of the United States, from ten cents, silver, to $10, gold, in all, $19.35. The box was then hermeti cally sealed and placed in the stone, which was located at the southwest corner of the building. The house was consecrated by the name of St. Peter's Church, by Bishop Henry J. Whitehouse, October 22, 1855. It cost $1,800, and was flrst occupied by Andrew J. Warner, pastor. Rev. Jones, of Dixon, now officiates. This church was the fifth of its denomination in Northern Illinois, the others being one at Galena, St. Paul, and two at Chicago, the St. James and Trinity. The first Methodist minister was O. F. Ayres, who formed a class in 1839. The Methodist Episcopal Church edifice was built by Cyrus Chamberlin, who commenced it in April, 1857, and completed it that year. It was dedicated January 23, 1858, by Rev. T. M. Eddy, assisted by the presiding elder. Rev. Luke Hitcticock, and the circuit minister, Henry L. Martin. The church cost $2,500. The people of that vicinity paid Mr. Chamberlin $500 during the next year. Trustees — J. H. Winans, Joseph Cunningham, J. C. Boyd, Joseph Liney, John Cool, J. L. Brown and Jacob Myers. The present pastor is James L. Backus, of Dixon. Joseph Cunningham is Superintendent of the Sunday School. The first temperance society was organized February 25, 1839. The first officers were : President, Samuel Anthony ; Vice-President, Cyrus Cham berlain; Secretary, Chester Harrington ; Treasurer, Moses Crombie ; Directors, Joseph Cunningham, N. C. Tyrrell, Hugh Moore and Edward Wright. Num ber of members — males, 42 ; females, 29 ; total, 71. The Sons of Temperance now have a society there. They meet each Wednesday evening in their town hall. The first abolition society was organized February 8, 1839. The officers were : President, Hugh Moore; Vice-President, Joseph Cunningham ; Recording Secretary, Chester Harrington ; Corresponding Secretary, S. N. Anthony ; Treasurer, A. B. Atwood ; Directors, N. C. Tyrrell, Moses Crombie, Cyrus Chamberlain and Samuel Anthony. Number of mem bers — males, 29; females, 23; total, 52. Schools.— Tht first school-house of brick was built in 1839, and was used for school meetings, elections, etc. The present school-house was commenced in 1856, and finished in 1858; Directors, W. T. House, J. F. Legro and C. D. Sawyer; its cost was $4,200, and was at that time the best one in Ogle County. The present teacher is D. C. Sears. J. A. D. and D. S. Gushing commenced the manufacture of the grape-vine grain cradle in 1844, and in 1855 made five thousand cradles. Leonard Andrus established a mail stage line from Dixon to Rockford through Grand de Tour, and from Grand de Tour to Freeport in 1838. 610 HISTOET OF OGLE OOUNTT. The stage line between Dixon and Freeport and Grand de Tour was maintained for many years by Joseph Cunningham. Recently, however, he was superseded by Joseph Mumma. The Press. — -The first newspaper established in Grand de Tour was the Rock River Register, by Stephens & Knodle, in September, 1842. D. C. Dun bar was tbe editor. This paper had been located at Mt. Morris, where it was started in January of that year. It was a five-column folio. On October 7 the paper was dressed in mourning on account of the death of its editor, D. C. Dunbar, aged twenty-eight years. He was buried at Mt. Morris. The first number of the second volume was dated January 27, 1843, show ing that omissions had been made during the year previous. It was " published by the proprietors," but fails to state who the proprietors were. In February the commencement of the Winnebago Forum, a new Whig paper at Rockford, was noticed. In the latter part of March an act was published in the .Register incorporating Solon Cumins, Wm. G. Dana and Williard A House, and their associates and successors, as the " Grand de Tour Manufacturing Company," with $100,000 (.?) capital. On the loth of May the names of Charles H. Lamb and A. G. Henderson appeared in the paper as proprietors. In July Mr. Henderson withdrew, leaving Mr. Lamb sole proprietor. In the issue for October 14, 1842, an article appears regarding " Our Vil lage.'' After boasting of the healthfulness of the place and the energy of its citizens, it says : " We have two stores, one of which has sold upwards of thirty thousand dollars' worth of goods the past season and furnished a market for a large quantity of wheat, pork and other produce, and a third to be filled within two weeks. One good hotel, two blacksmith shops, one plow factory, tin shop, cigar factory, one painter and glazier, two coopers and two carpenter shops, two shoemakers, cabinet shop, broom factory, one wheel-wright and wagon- maker's shop, one turning shop for wood and iron, one tailor, one physician, etc. ; one grist and flouring mill, which turns out for export from six to eight thousand barrels of flour per year ;' one saw-mill and one printing press. Water wheels are now being put down for propelling a carding and cloth-dressing machine and the manufacture of cloth. " In addition, our water power, which is already sufficient for present pur poses, can be improved to any extent, and will be another season. " We know of no town where mechanics are better patronized than here, and there is still room for more, and theirwork is much needed." The Register was superseded for a short time by the Illinois Tribune, November 14, 1844, with John W. Sweetland, publisher. Its publication was soon discontinued. Township Organization, — The legal voters of the township of Grand de Tour held their first election April 3, 1850, at the village school-house. S. C. Cotton was chosen moderator and L. E. Hemenway, clerk. The following officers were elected: Supervisor — S. C. Cotton; Town Clerk — S. M. Harris; Assessor — Solon Cumins ; Collector — E. W. Dutcher ; Overseer of the Poor — S. C. Cotton ; Commissioners of Highway — Samuel Bovey, G. L. Herrick and D. A. Brown ; Justices of Peace — S. Cotton and Solon Cumins ; Constables — J. T. Hunsdon and E, W. Dutcher; Overseers of Highway— C L. Herrick and James Weaver. The present township officers are : Supervisor — Samuel Young; Town Clerk — James Rogers ; Assessor — C. D. Sawyer ; Collector — G. S. Fox ; Com missioners of Highway — A. A. Sheffield, John Bovey and C. T. Wordsworth ; Justices of Peace — James Rogers and Charles Johnson ; Constables — Samuel Young and A. A. Sheffield. At one time Grand de Tour was the largest village on Rock River and had every indication of continued prosperity, but when the Chicago & Northwestern HISTOET OF OGLE COUNTT. 611 Railroad was built through Dixon it drew the business to points on the line of the road and killed the growth of Grand de Tour. At present there are three general merchants, C. F. Throop, who established his business there in' the Fall of 1837, and who has continued from that time ; W. M. Palmer and James Rogers. The latter is also postmaster. J. L. Fine now carries on a blacksmith shop. June i, 1877, a butter and cheese factory was incorporated with author ity to issue certificates of stock to the amount of $3,000. It is managed by W. S. Crowley, and has the following officers : President— ^arazs Rogers ; Secre tary — Francis Hemenway; Treasurer — C. F. Throop; Directors — E. T. Gates, A. A. Sheffield, Francis Hemenway and Wm. Cox. DAYSVILLE. Daysville, once a thriving, prosperous village on the banks of the Rock River, is another of those of which the historian must write : " It was killed by a railroad." The Township of Nashua was first settled about 1836, by Dr. John Roe, who moved to Lighthouse Point, and lived there with his family for many years. He died in Nebraska, and has several sons who sre practicing medicine in this and neighboring counties. The exact order in which the following settlers came, between that time and 1838, is not known. Ruel Peabody settled on section 28, where he still resides; Major Chamberlin, with family, who is yet living on his old farm, settled in section 13 ; John H. Stevenson settled south- . east of him, but just across the line in Pine Rock Township; Stephen Bemis also lives where he settled, on section 25. Besides these there were : John • Carr, who died in the township, and family.; Levi Dort, who died at La Salle, and family; Henry Farwell, who died at Sterling, and family; John Carpenter, who died at Watertown ; James Hatch, who died at Dixon ; Alanson Bishop, who died in the township ; Joseph Williams, who lives now in Iowa ; Riley Paddock, who now lives at Ashton ; Seth H. Hills, who died in California ; Daniel McKinney, Richard McKinney and John McKinney, with their fami- Ues ; Wm. J. Keyes, who now resides in Daysville. The elder McKinney's are now deceased, and the sons have moved west. Mrs. Wm. J. Mix is a daughter of Richard McKinney. The Village. — Austin Williams first made claim to the land on which Daysville is situated, and built there a log house. This claim he soon sold out to Jehiel Day, Jonathan Rawson and James Moore, who laid it out as a village in 1837. Soon after came John Taylor and family. Brown and family, Henry Stiles, Wm. Jackson, Lyman Reed and Daniel Day. Mr. Taylor died at St. Charles, Ills. Mr. Brown returned to the East soon after. Mr. Stiles now lives near Rochelle. Lyman Reed continued to reside in the village until the time of his death. Daniel Day died in DeKalb County. Jehiel Day, after whom the vil lage was named, died there, where Mrs. Day still resides. Mr. Moore died in Dixon. Mr. Rawson, although a partner, lived in the East. Daniel Day built, on the site of the house now belonging to heirs of John M. Hinckley, the first frame house, in i837-'38, for a store, which was kept by him for a short time, when he sold out and built the first hotel, in about 1839. This was called, for a time, " The New England House," and is the two and a half story building now owned by Mrs. Dr. Morton McKinney. A few years after the erection of this house, James Moore built the house standing just west of it, and now owned by Wm. Stevens. The title " New England House " was transferred to this hotel. These have been kept by many different persons, but at present there is no hotel in Daysville. The second store was opened by Wm. J. Mix and son, and Henry A. Mix, who moved the storeroom of Mr. Day to the northeast side of Main Street. 37 ¦612 HISTOET OF OGLE COUNTT, This was afterwards torn down. This firm dissolved, and stores were contin ued by Wm. J. Mix, Sr., and by the two others, who built a storeroom on the west side of Main Street. This, also, has been torn down. David McHenry established the next store, and was succeeded by Hurlbut & Carpenter. In the meantime, H. A. Mix and Wm. Mix, Jr., had removed to Oregon. Stores were opened in succession by Hiles & Williams, John Williams, Lyman Reed, A. J. Butterfield and others. The only store at present is that of George M. Reed, which is a continua tion of the store established by his father, Lyman. Mrs. Lyman Reed is still living in the village. George M. Reed is now postmaster. The office was first established with Daniel Day as postmaster, at the time he began keeping tavern. When the settlement of Watertown sprang up a few years later, the office was removed to that place, and James Mitchell made postmaster for about two years. It was then returned to Mr. Day's tavern. Wm. Cox was the first wagon maker; at present there is none. Silas Hawthorne was the first blacksmith ; Emerson Grow now has a shop there. Dr. Gregory was the first physician. Many years ago, Dr. Addison Newton resided in Daysville, but he removed to Watertown, where he now resides. Henry Stiles ran a pole ferry boat in 1837 ; Aaron Baldwin, Wm. J. Mix and others continued it, but there has been no ferry since that of Simon Wilson, about a dozen years since. Lyman Reed built the first school-house about 1846, and in this Miss Dusenberry first taught. School had been peviously held in private houses and taught by Miss Hue, Mr. Light and many others. The present school-house was built on the same lot on which the old one stood. Miss Agnes Bunker, of Oregon, is the present teacher. As Daysville was one of the earliest of Ogle County villages, it was made one of the stations of the Methodist circuit soon after it was laid out. Lean der S. Walker was among the first to hold regular service, and Barton H. Cartwright, was the last to preach regularly. For many years. Rev. Erastus Woodsworth has preached in the school-house on every fourth Sabbath. The United Brethren have a station at this point. Regular preaching is held in the school-house every other Sunday by Elder Corsey. Mr. George Williams, who came at an early day, is now one of the oldest settlers at Daysville. At one time the prospects of Daysville were quite flattering, and an active trade was carried on by four stores, but, as stated, the business was taken away when the railroad came so near without passing through the village. In the northeastern corner of the township. Honey Creek station, was es tablished on the Chicago & Iowa Railroad, and a village plat laid off by Major Chamberlin in May, 1873. Wm. T. Wilson was made postmaster and station agent. He was superseded, in the Fall of 1877, by Alonzo Wood, who has opened out a stock of groceries at that point. Watertown, a mile and one half east of Daysville, is another settlement at which a village was attempted. It at one time had a saw mill, a carding mill and furniture shop, and, like the Village of Goldsmith, the future promised fair, " But now the sounds of population fail ; No busy murmurs fluctuate the gale, No busy steps the grass-grown footway tread, But all the blooming flush of life is fled. One only master grasps the whole domain. And half a tillage stints the smiling plain." HISTOET OF OGLE OOUNTT. 613 OTHER VILLAGES. Flagg Station. — A post-office was established by this name, March 6, 1866, with George C. Steele, Postmaster, on the Chicago and Northwestern Railroad, near the south county line. The present Postmaster is Alfred Thorp. A warehouse was built in the same year by Lauren and Alvin Chamberlin. It is now managed by A. A. Thorp, and the business, in 1877, amounted to nearly $33>°°°- In the same year, also, a school-house was built, which was taught the first Summer by Miss Louisa Randall, and the next Winter by M. S. Moore. A Methodist Episcopal Class was organized in 1862, by Rev. Jesse Penfield, although they had no building except private houses in which to hold meetings until the school-house w^as erected. A Good Templars Association had been organized at the Fisher school- house, in 1865. In 1867, G. W. Darby built a store building. The store is now carried on by Alfred Thorp. A blacksmith shop was opened in 1867, by William Messer, and the depot was built in November, 1877. The town is now known by the name of Jefferson. It was originally named for William P. Flagg. Taylor. — This post-office is in Taylor Township, at a settlement called Carthage. There are several residences, a blacksmith shop and a general store by Joseph Stevens, an old and esteemed resident. Flagg Center is the station in Flagg Township, about three and a half miles northwest of Rochelle, at the junction of the Chicago & Iowa and the Chicago, Rockford & Northern railroads. The post-office there located is called Kyte River, and the station is building up into a village, though yet but little developed. Kings. — This village was laid out in July, 1875, by William H. King, when the Chicago, Rockford & Northern Railroad was completed through that point. As recorded, the plat was made March 31, 1877. The first building to be erected was an elevator followed by an small hotel and store, all in 1875 and by Wilham H. King. The store is operated by R. W. Schadle and Robert W. Oaks, the former being, also, postmaster. Mr. King soon after built a dwelling, which is rented, to Charles Ringquest, shoemaker. The depot was next erected, in the Winter of 1875 and 1876. In the following Spring, C. T. King, Patrick Malone and W. H. King, each put up small dwellings. Charles Hangland, carpenter, and William Sechler built dwellings in 1877. The latter carries on a neat market and hotel. A. B. Sechler and W. H. King are now building houses. John Doden is the only blacksmith. The elevator is run by West & Andrus, and a lumber and coal business is carried on by King, Kline & Co. The Township officers at present are : Supervisor, Geo. Stansbury ; Town Clerk, R. W. Schadle; Assessor, Charles Eyster; Collector, E. C. Hayes; Com missioners of Highway?,, Austin Noe, Julius Elliott and Jacob Gates ; Justices of ihe Peace, Samuel Doctor and D. H. Hayes; Constable, J. Q. Bower. White Rock Berg. — This post-office, situated about three miles north west of Kings, is a much older settlement. It has a church which has been built about sixteen years, a school-house, wagon and blacksmith shops, and a general store by Hathaway Brothers. Holcomb. — When the Chicago, Rockford and Northern Railroad was com pleted through Scott and White Rock Townships, a village was laid out on the 614 HISTOET OF OGLE OOUNTT. line between these two townships, and named for an officer, the present receiv er of the road, W. H. Holcomb. Joseph Sheaff laid out this village on July 15, 1875, and Jacob Goldenbaum established an Addition on the same day. Mr. Sheaff soon after made another Addition to the plat. This land had originally been entered by Phineas Chaney, for John Sheaff in December, 1849. It has a general store, by Peter Hastings, an elevator, which was built by David Sheaff, and is run by West & Bros., a German Lutheran Church, a tavern, by Perry France, two blacksmith shops and a number of dwellings. This, as well as Kings Station, is in a healthful, growing condition. The railroad, the same power that killed the growth of many Ogle County villages by passing near but not through them, has brought forth these villages, and a great meed of their prosperity is due to it. Lynnville, with Lindenwood post-office, three miles east, on the Kill- buck Creek, is an older place than Holcomb. It has quite a little settlement, with a church, school-house, etc. Beacon post-office is about three miles northwest of this. Monroe Center post-office is about five miles northeast. Maryland Station. — This station is an outgrowth of the Chicago & Iowa Railroad, and was established, between Forreston and Mount Morris, in 1872-73. Its name came from the settlers of that vicinity, who hailed from Maryland. The first postmaster and station agent was Mr. Bull. There is a depot, store, and several other buildings. It was laid out April 3 and 4, 1873, by A. Q. Allen, Surveyor, on the land of Samuel Long, David Plum and Emanuel Stover, and has sometimes been called " West Branch." Adeline. — This village was laid out on the land of John Rummell, about 1846, although the exact date is not recorded. In i837-'38, Mr. Oliver erected a saw mill on Leaf River, about one mile below Adeline. In 1839, John C. Fosler purchased this mill, and in 1840- '41 he erected a grist mill with a stone basement. This mill afterwards burned down, and another was erected by Freadline and Samuel Fosler, sons of John C. Fosler. This is still in opera tion under the management of Tilman Treisbaugh. The saw mill was moved to Mud Creek, and has since been torn away. About the time the village was laid off, Mr. Rummell built a saw miU at the village site, which was purchased by Jacob Dovenbarger, and operated by him until within a few years, when it was discontinued. The first general store was opened by M. H. Philbrick followed by that of George W. Mitchell. A grocery had previously been established by Mr. John Rummell, who was postmaster. Henry Ausherman, George W. Mitchell, Emanuel Morrison and others succeeded as postmasters. Mr. John Mumma has held that office for several years, but is about to resign. George W. Mitchell has continued there in business until the present time. Christian Fosler succeeded Mr. Philbrick, and is now in business there. A general resurvey was made of Adeline, July 3, 1855, by A. Q. Afien. Blocks I and 2 formed the original plat ; block 3, with additional lots, formed Rummell's addition ; blocks 4 and 5 form Baker's addition. At that date, the following were the recorded owners of Adeline : Jacob, Christian and Henry Dovenbarger, G. W. Black, Mrs. A. Turner, T- H. Potthost, C. Riglemier, S. I. Jacobs, M. and N. Kemble, M. H. and Charles Philbrick, S. Hicks, H. Urn- hoist, H. and D. Byerly, J. Rummell, Joseph Newcomer, J. Schnieder, J. and D. Stover, D. Fry, M. and A. Welch, G. W. Mitchell, J. Beeler, S. Reed, C. Windholst, D. J. Baker, J. Mumma, Dr. Z. R. Millard, W. G. Strang, D. J. Lowman, F. Stugenberger, F Loheffer, J. Hoffman, J. A. Ettinger, E. Knock, I. Hamilton, C. Fosler, S. Nikirk, E. Morrison, George Dowell, J. Moffett and N. W. Beebe. HISTOET OF OGLB COUNTT. 615 Adebne has three churches. The Methodist and Lutheran were built about i860, and the United Brethren about 1875. The pastor of the Methodist Church at present is Rev. Smith ; of the Lutheran, Rev. Wm. H. Schock, and of the United Brethren, Rev. Rieble. There is one harness shop, by J. N. Drury ; a blacksmith shop, by Jacob Piper ; a hotel, by John Cornell ; a two-story, brick, public school, Frank Cooper, Principal ; shoe shops, by Robert Brown and Mr. Corts ; a drug store, by Dr. Charles Reichenbach ; a butcher shop, by Joseph Fosler ; a barber shop, by WiUiam Reichenbach ; a cooper shop, by Fritz Mulnitz. LiGHTSViLLE. — This place, four and a half miles east of Adeline, having a post-office, called " Wales," was laid off about thirty years ago by A. Q. Allen, on the land of John Light. It has a store by J. B. Bertolet, who is also postmaster ; three blacksmith shops ; a hotel, by Mr. Windhurst ; a wagon shop, church, school-house, and about one hundred and fifty inhabitants. The post-office was established in 1850, with Fleming Welch as post master. The first settlers of this vicinity were David Hunter, Joseph Meyers and a Mr. Snyder, who settled here in 1836. Brookville. — Before township organization, the entire territory of the township was called "Brookville,'' and the settlement of that name, on the western county line, was of much promise. It was settled by Samuel Herb, who built a grist mill on Elkhorn Creek, which is still continued by his son Isaac. Mr. Herb also opened an extensive country store ; this was continued for some years by his sons Samuel and Isaac. The post-office was established there be fore 1850, and is now continued at one ofthe Brookville stores. The Chambers' claim, referred to in the general history, was in the vicinity of Brookville. Baileyville. — The site of this village was settled by Orville, Samuel and Ransom Bailey, about 1852. Until the advent of the railroad, it was only a farmers' settlement. At that time, Mr. Philbrick was made station agent, and soon opened a small store there, where he also kept "post-office, with Orville Bailey as postmaster. For several years this was the only store. At present it is a prosperous viUage of some two hundred inhabitants. It is situated on the northern county line, having a portion of its business houses in Stephenson County. The store of Mr. Philbrick was foUowed by a general stock, opened by MiUer & Co., under the charge of Charles Boadman. At the beginning of the year 1876, William J. Reitzell succeeded this firm, and continued untU April, 1878. He is also postmaster, although, having disposed of his business, he is about to remove to his farm. On the next lot south of the location of this store, Samuel Druck has fitted up a store-room, and is about to establish a store. Aikens & Brother have carried on a general retail business there for several years. Grocery stores are operated by J. F. Rinders and C. W. Bergner ; Fred Kobo, blacksmith and agricultural implement dealer ; George Conrad, black smith ; C. W. Prince, carpenter and builder ; Peter Brand, shoemaker ; P. Ly man, painter ; C. Dovenbarger, coal dealer ; Charles Arms, agent for J. B. Smith, grain buyer ; William Sluggett kept a saloon until last Fall, since when he has paid the penalty of confinement in the county jail. Across the line, in Stephenson County, a saloon is kept by John Geiger ; Dr. D. H. Carpenter also resides there, and a shoe store is operated by J. Roscom. The Methodist Church is one ofthe early features of the viUage. Rev. H. J. Huston, of Forreston, fills the pulpit there at present. Sabbath-school is held regularly during the Summer. Of the German Baptist Church, Rev. WUli^ is pastor. 616 HISTOET OF OGLE COUNTT. Monroe. — This viUage is situated in a fine agricultural township, bearing the same name, in the northeast corner of the county. Since the building of the ' Chicago & Iowa Railroad through that locality, quite a little place of business has built up there, with the usual store, etc., of a small vUlage. The . town house is located three quarters of a mile north of the station. Schools and churches are in the vicinity. Stillman Valley. — This, also, is a station of the Chicago & Iowa Railroad, but more particularly noted as the location of the first tragedy in the Black Hawk War, " StUlman's Defeat." The viUage was laid out Oct. 27 and 28, 1874, by Joshua White, proprietor of the village site. Mr. White is one of the old residents of that vicinity, and one of its present business men. It is located on the western line of Marion Township, near Stillman's Run, a small creek emptying into the Rock River, east of Byron. Haldane. — This is a flourishing village situated near the centre of Lincoln Township, on the Illinois Central Railroad, four and one half miles south of Forreston, and one and a quarter miles west of Maryland Station, on the Chicago & Iowa Railroad. The village presents a thrifty and growing appearance. It has a general store, by H. J. Garman ; a billiard hall and saloon by Thomas Coggin ; a boot and shoeshop, school and many other buildings and residences. It has also a physician, Dr. Snyder. Eagle Point is an old settlement on the western county line, in Eagle Township, four miles south of Brookville. It has the Eagle Mills, a church, school-house and store, though the latter is across the county line. Woosung. — The founders of this village were Captains Harvey, !^oundy, Samuel Brimblecorn and John H. Anderson, who had been sea captains on the coast of China and returning home, the two former in 1855 and the latter in the year following, they were advised by their old employer, J. N. A. Griswold, then president of the Illinois Central Railroad, to seek homeg in the far western country — Illinois. The Village of Woosung was laid out on the railroad above named, June 14, 1855, by Messrs. Roundy, Brimblecorn and Amos C. Stedman. It was sur veyed by Miles B. Light. It was named by the captains above stated after the City of Woosung, in China, the term meaning " Haven of Rest." Sept. 4, 1857, Francis Chase made a resurvey of the village; Messrs. Roundy, Anderson and Putnam made additions, and the name was recorded in the Clerk's Office as " Juniata City;" This change, however, was not perma nently made. The first house was built in 1855, ^''^^ is still standing as a residence. In this the settlers lived together with eighteen employes. The captains purchased 2,480 acres of land in that vicinity, and began improvements. In 1856, their farm house and barn were built on the southeast quarter of section 2. Captain Brimblecorn also built a house in this year, and in the year following, a wind mill, with a fifty-foot wheel, was built by this company. It, however, proved a failure. A store was soon started, and with time others have been started, until now Woosung is quite a busy little viUage. Captain Anderson is now station agent. OGLE COUNTT DIKECTOET. 617 Biographical Directory. ABBREVIATIONS FOR TOW/NSHIP DIRECTO.RY, Co company or county fann farmer L V. I IllinolB Volunteer Infantry I. V. C Illinois Volunteer Cavalry I. V. A Illinois Volunteer Artillery mkr maker P. O Post Office P™P-- proprietor S or Sec section St street supt superintendent treas treasurer OREGON TOWNSHIP. A BELL BENJAMIN, tenant farmer. Adams Hugh, laborer. Allen Cassius, teacher. Allen J. Henry, grocer. Allen M. L. painter. Anderson Charles, laborer. AirD£RS09r C. A. Dealer in Watches, Clocks, Silver and Plated Ware and Jewelry; he is also agentfor the celebrated Diamond Spectacles; Washington Street near Third ; born in Madison Co., N. Y., March 3, 1850; came to Illinois when about five years of age ; came to Oregon Nov. 18, 1875 ; he is a member of Oregon Lodge, No. 430, A. F. & A. M. Anstine S. Lee, harness maker. Arnuss Charles, carpenter. Artz Charles. Artz F. R. city clerk. Artz J. D. C. merchant. Artz William, Justice of the Peace. BABCOCB: A- S. Attorney at Law and Abstractor, whose portrait appears in this work, was born in Georgetown, Madison Co., N. Y., June 7, 18b0; his parents moved to Unadilla Forks, Otsego Co., N. Y., in the year 1833; upon the death of his father the subject of this sketch started in life for himself, supporting his mother and sister, at the age of fourteen he commenced to learn the trade of carpenter and builder, and at the expiration of four years started in business for himself, and continued such in that Co. until the Sum mer of 1854, when he removed to Kane Co., 111., where he continued the same until the Summer of 1856 ; he commenced the study of law the same year, and was ad mitted to practice in 1866; in 1871 he moved to Sycamore, De Kalb Co., and con tinued the practice of law and abstract business until Dec, 1876, when he came to Oregon and purchased the Ogle Co. Abstract Office of M. W. Smith, and formed a copartnership with B. P. Piersol, who had been connected with the office for eight years ; he still continues the practice of the law ; has been Supervisor of Black berry Tp., Kane Co. from 1862 to '66; mar ried in Lodi, Kane Co., 111., Nov. 31, 1855, Stella A. Bundy, eldest daughter of P. E. Bundy, who settled in St. Charles, Kane Co., 111., in 1843 ; she was born in Bellows Falls, "Vt, Nov. 33, 1835; they had six children: Ida M., who died ic infancy; Lily v., born Dec. 33, 1858; Nettie I., Sept. 7,1860; LenaM., April 35, 1863; Albert M., Sept. 9, 1866; Stella J., Nov. 31, 1870. BACOH BOWMAliir W. (deceased), whose portrait appears elsewhere, was born at Huntingdon^ Luzerne Co., Penn., Oct. 5, 1838, and came to Lee Co., 111., in 1839, and entered the Rock River Seminary in the Fall of 1846 ; in 1850 he commenced the study of law with H. A. Mix, and was married Feb. 1, 1853, to Mrs. A. M. Fuller; Aug. 15, 1864, he enlisted, and being com missioned as Captain joined the Army of the Cumberland and entered hard service, where he evinced great bravery in many a hard-fought battle; a perfect tactician, always cool, he soon became a great favorite with all his men as well as every one who came in contact with him ; Capt. Bacon never was granted a furlough but was continually at his post of duty until June 31, 1864, when he was severely wounded at the battle of Kenesaw Moun tain ; in consequence of this his rieht arm was amputated near the shoulder July 13, and on the 19th the left arm was also amputated, after which he suflFered no pain, conversed freely and was cheerful; his heroism in the hour of death was even greater, if possible, than while struggling with the enemies of his country, and on 618 OREGON TOWNSHIP. July 21,' with his wife by his side, his noble soul returned to its God, and the brave, magnanimous officer, the sympathiz ing friend, the kind husband and loving father was no more; he left a wife and one child, Francis Bacon, to mourn over his untimely end ; Mrs. Bacon was born Nov. 37, 1824, in Ripley, Chautauqua Co., N. Y. ; came to 111. in 1840 and entered the Rock River Seminary in Spring of 1841 and re mained until elected preceptress ; March 3, 1847, she married Wm. W. Fuller, but her quiet, married bliss was of short duration, as Mr. Puller died Aug. 17, 1849, leaving his young wife to the mercy of a cold world ; under the pressure of surrounding circumstances her health soon failed, her spirits drooped and she found it necessary to put herself under the lash ; she accord ingly entered the Illinois Normal Univer sity in 1866 and graduated in 1870, the better prepared to superintend the educa tion of her only child, Francis Bacon, who was born at Oregon, Ogle Co., 111., Aug. 31, 1858, and graduated at the Highland Military Academy of Worcester, Mass., June 30, 1877 ; he entered the law school of the Columbian University in Washing ton, D. C, Oct. 10, 1877. BAXLEY COR]!ir£LIU8 G. Pro prietor of Sinnissippi Livery Stable; Fourth St., north of SinnissipjDi House; res. Fifth St.; bom at Elmore, Vt., April 34, 1836; came to Polo, Ogle Co., in June, 1867; Oregon in 1871; married Jane B. Hancock Nov. 4, 1863 ; she was born in Springfield, Mass. ; they have three chil dren : Charles H. and Tim H. (twins), born Feb. 3, 1865; Iva M., Jan. 1, 1873. Barden James A. blacksmith. BABlfirHIZEB JOHir 31. Tenant Farmer; Sec. 6; born Dec. 38, 1844, in Pine Creek' Tp., Ogle Co. ; married Dec. 33, 1867, to Mary, daughter of Benjamin Coddington, of same place; Mrs. B. was born in Pine Creek July 38, 1848; they had two children (one, Hattie, died Nov. 23, 1868), and the one that is living is Willoughby, born May 11, 1870; Mr. B. is a Republican and has been living in Oregon Tp. since 1869. Barnhizer Samuel, farmer ; Sec. 6. Beach Henry F. blacksmith. Beaman Charles, tinner. Beaman Dexter, laborer. Beck Antone, gardener. Bennett Fred. W. town collector. Bennett Walter, carpenter. BEJTBilETT WM. W. President First National Bank, Washington St. ; res. cor. Third and Jefferson Sts. ; born at Fall River, Mass., Sept. 19, 1835 ; came with parents to Ottawa, La Salle Co., in 1838 ; moved to Oregon iu 1840; his father Philip R. Bennett, was one of the early merchants of Oregon ; he died in this place Sept. 10, 1873 ; he was one of the promi- nent men of this Co., having served as Probate Judge, Co. Treasurer from 1854 to 1856, Postmaster; in 1835, previous to leaving Mass., he served as a member of the Legislature from Bristol Co. ; Wm. W. Bennett commenced mercantile business here in 1855 ; sold out in 1870 ; in 1873 he engaged in the banking business, under the firm name of Wagner, Bennett & Artz; in 1874 he was elected President of the First National Bank, and has held that position ever since; married Nov. 19, 1869; have three children : Wm. Wallace, Geo. M. and Mary K. ; Mrs. Bennett is a mem ber of the Lutheran Church. Berry E. school teacher. Blair John, laborer. Blare John, laborer. BLOMQXTIST JOHN, Merchant Tailor, dealer in Gents' Furnishing Goods, Hats, Caps, etc., Washington St., near Third ; res. on Sixth St. ; born in Sweden Sept. 6, 1850 ; came to Geneva., 111., in 1869, and to this place in 1871 ; he has worked at tailoring about flfteen years. Boremaster John, laborer. Borst Alvin, laborer. BOWLEB JOHUr T. Marble Dealer; born in Ireland June 13, 1840; came to the United Slates in 1845 ; came to Oregon in Jan., 1870 ; has been engaged in marble cutting since 1854; married Mary Keating; they have had six children, two deceased; those who are living are: Mary, Johanna, Nellie and Thos. Wm. ; Mr. B. is a mem ber of the Catholic Church. Boyd Martin, shoemaker. Brining J. C. clerk. Broadstreet Dan. M. blacksmith. Broadstreet Wesley, laborer. Brock F. W. telegraph operator. BBOOKE BEJTJAlIXBr, Farmer; Sec. 6; owns 156 acres, probable valua tion $7,800; Mr. Brooke was born Feb. 7, 1833, in Hamilton Co., O. ; his parents moved to Ogle Co. April 13, 1835, and settled in Pine Creek Tp., where he lived until 1863, when he moved to Oregon Tp. and purchased a farm ; he was mar ried Dec. 35, 1855, to Mary E., daugh ter of John Fields, of Pine Creek Tp.; they have four children : Martha O., horn April 37, 1857; John F., Jan. 11, 1860; George E., July 1, 1866, and Effle M., July 15, 1870; Mr. Brooke is a Republi can, and is now serving his second term as School Director ; he is a member of the Society of United Brethren, of which denomination Mrs. Brooke is also a member. Brqwn Wm. A, laborer. CZ^ *4**^-<3_ .Jn^-^^.-'i'i-^i-^-^-'--'^ EDITOR ^JPU BLISHER OGLE CO. REPORTER OREGON OGLE COUNTT DIEEOTOET. 621 Brundage B. N. tenant farmer. Buckman Wm. retired miller. Bull John F. clerk. Burchell F. S. druggist. Burchell H. C. druggist. Burchell R. C. lawyer. Buser Jacob J. printer. Buser W. H. printer. Buser Wm. R. shoemaker. BUYMASTEB JOSEPH, Farmer ; Sec. 80; P. O. Grand de Tour; owns 106 acres, probable valuation $3,544; Mr. Buymaster was born Feb. 13, 1830, in Lan caster Co., Penn., and was married June 33, 1853, to Mary, daughter of John Burke, of Elmira, N. Y. ; Mrs. Buymaster was born in Oct., 1838, in the State of New York ; they have seven children, named : John C, born June 28, 1854 ; Ellen A., born Sept. 8,1856; Alice B., born March 33, 1858; Catharine E., born Sept. 6, 1860; Caroline, born April 13, 1866 ; Joseph V., born Aug. 18, 1868, and George F., born May 8, 1875; they lost two children, named : William, born July 34, 1871, and died Sept., 1871 ; May, born June 8, 1876, and died Aug. 27, 1876 ; Mr. B. came to Ogle Co. March 8, 1858, and lived in Grand de Tour for eleven years ; he then came to Oregon Tp., where he now resides ; he is a Republican, and enlisted in the War of the Rebellion with the 34th I. V. I., Sept. 7, 1861, and was engaged in the bat tles of Shiloh and Stone River, where he received a slight wound in the face; he was mustered out of service July 17, 1865, at Chicago, and returned to his home in Grand de Tour Tp. ; Mrs. Buymaster is a member of the Free Methodist Church. Byrne Michael, stone cutter ; Sec. 3. r^ALKINS C. W. laborer. Campbell Archie, teamster. Cannon Oscar, miller. Cannon Thomas, stone mason. Carman John D. tinner. Cartwright J. H. lawyer. CHANEY PHIBTEAS, Retired Farm er; born in Harrison Co., West Virginia, June 23,1814; moved to Bureau Co., 111., May 14, 1836; after remaining there only about one month, he went to Galena; in February, 1837, he went to Greene Co., Ohio, where he married Jane Berry March 9, 1837 ; he then went to Bu reau Co. again, where he remained until March, 1838, when he came to White Rock, Ogle Co. ; in 1853 he moved to Marion Tp., where he lived until his removal to Ore gon in 1874; he now owns about 800 acres ; his farms being located principally in Marion, Oregon and Pine Rock Tps. ; Mr. C. was justice ofthe peace one term in White Rock, and one term in Marion ; Mr. Chaney's children who are living are : Elizabeth Ann, now Mrs. Samuel Sheaff; Benjamin, Martha Jane, now Mrs. Hiram L. Woodburn; Phineas, Jr., and Samuel; eight children died in infancy; one daughter, Emma, died April 29, 1877, aged 31 years, ten months and fourteen days. CHANEY PHINEAS, Jr., Manu facturer of Wagons, Carriages, Buggies, Sleighs, Cutters, etc., Trimming, Painting, and all kinds of repairing done on short notice and in the best manner; shops cor. Fourth and Franklin Sts.; Mr. Chaney was born in Marion Tp., Ogle Co., Jan. 8, 1854. CHAPPELL DR. WW. H. Homeo pathic Physician and Siirgeon, office on Washington St., opposite Public Square; res. cor. Sixth and Franklin Sts. ; was born Shoreham, Addison Co., Vt., Jan. 5, 1847; educated in Chicago, and at the State Uni versity at Madison, Wis. ; practiced med icine nine years in Wisconsin, previous to removal to Oregon, in 1875; married Josephine S. Dailey March 33, 1868; she was born at Pleasant Springs, Dane Co., Wis., March 4, 1850; they have one child: Clarence C, born May 37, 1873 ; Mrs C. is a member of the Presbyterian Church. Chapmine C. F. saloon. Chasm James, painter. Chasm Thomas, laborer. Oheaney Benjamin, assessor. CLEVELAND JOHN C. Proprietor of Restaurant and Dealer in Confectionery, Fruits, Cigars, Tobacco, etc., Washington St. ; born in St. Albans, Vt, Oct. 19, 1853 ; came to Oregon in 1856 ; married Sarah Sherer Dec. 35, 1872; she was born in Rockford, 111., Sept 15, 1852; they have one child : Guy Mix, born Sept. 31, 1877. Cleveland Kinney, section boss on R. R. CLOVER JOHN JAMES, Baker; born in London, Eng., May 31, 1836 ; re mained there until he was eighteen years of age, and then emigrated to America ; settled in Philadelphia and engaged in the business of a baker, which he followed for two years, returning to London in July, 1856 ; he married BstheriN. Greayer.of Lon don, in October of that year ; he remained in London until 1873, when he returned to America, flrst coming to Chicago, where he remained a short time, and then came to Oregon, arriving here in November, 1873, where be has since continued to re side, following the business of a baker ; they have eight children: John William, Samuel, Esther N., Lizzie, Edward, Albert, Robert, William Henry; one deceased: Sarah Mary. CODDINGTON BENJAMIN, Farmer; Sec. 6; owns eighty acres of land in Pine Creek Tp., and eighty 622 OREGON TOWNSHIP. acres in Oregon Tp. ; probable valuation, $4,000; Mr. C. was born Aug. 14, 1806, in Alleghany Co., Md., and was married Aug. 1, 1833, to Catharine, daughter of .Joseph Bailey, of Hamilton Co., Ohio ; Mrs. C. was born Aug. 1, 1811, and died March 5, 1877; they had seven children, two of whom are dead, and named, James, born July 16, 1837, and Margaret, Nov. 5, 1839 ; the names of those living are : Elizabeth, born May 14, 1833, John, Dec. 5, 1834, Aaron P., Dec. 13, 1841, Harrison, May 36, 1844, and Mary, July 38, 1848; Mr. Cod dington came to Ogle Co. in 1839, and settled in Pine Creek Tp. ; he is a Repub lican, and was Commissioner of Highways for one term. Colson Gus. laborer. Coomer J. B. city marshal. Corsaut B. laborer. Corsaut Richard, blacksmith. Cox F. R. engineer at depot. Cox Frarfcis R. laborer. ' COX HIRAM S. Farmer; Sec. 30; owns 148 acres of land; probable valu ation, $4,440; Mr. Cox was born Oct. 35, 1836, in Washington Co., Md., and came to Ogle Co. May 15, 1848, and settled in Grand de Tour Tp., where he lived two years, and then moved to Pine Creek Tp., where he lived until 1863 ; he was married Oct. 8, 1860, to Amanda, daughter of Ed ward Wilson, of Pine Creek Tp. ; she was born Nov. 18, 1838, in Penn.; they have three children : Florence J., born Aug. 12, 1865, Theodore B., April 13, 1867, and George M., Oct. 19, 1873; Mr. Cox enlisted in the War of the Rebellion Aug. 15, 1863, with the 74th L V. I., and was en gaged in the battles of Perryville and Stone River, and in all of the engage ments that his regiment participated in, until he was transferred to the 3d Reg ular Reserve Corps, in 1864; he was sick in hospital for about four months, and was mustered out July 4, 1865, at Detroit, Mich., when he returned to Oregon Tp., where he now resides ; he is a Republican and a member of the Christian Church; Mrs. Cox is also a member of the same church. Cram W. F. druggist. CROSS EL3IER J. of the flrm of Swarts & Cross, Proprietors of Livery, Feed and Sale Stable; stable north of Sinnissippi House ; born in Independence, Mich., Nov. 33, 1853; came to Oregon in 1876. Cummins John, propr. stone quarry. Currier H. L. carpenter. Currier Lorenzo, carpenter. CUSHING WILLARD E. Book keeper for B. F. Sheets; born in Grand de Tour, Ogle Co., April 13, 1853 ; came to Oregon in 1875. DAVEY IVILLIAM, Farmer; Sec. 9 ; owns seventy-three acres ; probable valuation, $3,650; Mr. Davey was born Dec. 11, 1831, in Cornwall, England; he was married March 1, 1851, to Jane, daughter of Walter Kendall, of Cornwall, England ; Mrs. Davey was born March 4, 1838; they have six children, whose names are: William H., born July 14, 1853, Mary J., Dec. 15, 1853, Charles, Nov. 30, 1855, Cephas, Nov. 31, 1859, Elizabeth, Nov, 14, 1861, and Minnie, Feb. 6, 1866; in 1869 Mr. Davey came to the United States, and arrived in Ogle Co. in Sept. of same year; he settled in Nashua Tp., where he lived three years, and moved from there to Oregon Tp. in the Autumn of 1873. Deitrich H. H. plasterer. Donovan R. constable. Driscoll Ed. section boss C. & I. R. R. Duck James, laborer. DUTCHER E. F. Attorney at Law; office on Etnyre Block ; res. on Fourth St., cor. Franklin ; born in Canaan Tp., Pitts- ford Co., Conn., April 2, 1818; in 1836 moved to Lockport, N. Y. ; lived there un til 1844, when he went to Orleans Co., N. Y. ; in 1846 he came to Oregon, has been engaged in the practice of law since 1843 ; Aug. 13, 1862, he enlisted as a private sol dier ; Sept. 2, 1863, Gov. Yates authorized him to raise a company, with rank of Sec ond Lieutenant ; he enlisted 101 men and went into camp at Rockford Sept. 14 ; was elected Major of the 74th I. V. I., and the 37th ofthe same month left for Louisville, Ky. ; was in the battles of Chappel's Hills, Perryville, Lancaster, Knobs Gap, Over alls Creek, Stone River, and all the en gagements participated in by the regiment to the time of his resignation; he com manded the regiment 70 days after the battle of Stone River; married Elizabeth S. Van Valkeu, of Klnderhook, N. Y., in 1849 ; she died May 13, 1876 ; they had six children; two daughters deceased; the living are : Edward S., William fl., Ruluft E., and George A. DWIGHT FRANCIS E. Photo graph Artist, Jones' Blk., Washington St.; born in Marion Tp., Ogle Co., Sept. 9, 1846 ; came to Oregon in June, 1875 ; mar ried Miss Jennie Farr Nov. 10, 1875; she was born at Foit Ann, Washington Co., N. Y. DWIGHT GEORGE M. Black smith; Dealer in Wagons, Agricultural Implements, etc.. Third St., near Washing ton; res. on Fourth St.; was born in Poland, Cattaraugus Co., N. Y., May 11, 1834; removed to Peoria Co., 111., in 1838; came to Ogle Co. in 1842 ; has been en gaged in blacksmithing for twenty-flve years; he was supervisor four years; mar ried Mary J. Russell Dec. 10, 1857 ; she was born in Winnebago, Winnebago Co., 111., in Sept., 1836 ; they have three chil- OGLE COUNTT DIEEOTOET. 623 dren: Cora M., born Jan. 31, 1859; Sarah L., Feb. 23, 1869, and Mary A., May 13, 1871; Mrs. Dwight is a member of the Presbyterian Church. Dwight H. H., R. R. agent. ¦pLBRIGHT GEO. W. laborer. Elliot A. J. blacksmith. EMERSON CHAS. F., SR., Dealer in Fruits, Vegetables, etc.. Fourth St., basement of Union Block ; res. on Fifth St; was born in Keene, N. H., May 14, 1817 ; came to Daysville, Ogle Co., March 3, 1837; came with Jehiel Day, and clerked for him until he came to Oregon, in the Spring of 1840; in 1840 he was elected town constable, and served in that capacity eight years ; was deputy sherifl two years; has been iu hotel and mercan tile business most of the time since he came to Oregon; his flrst wife was Henri etta Franklin, she died in 1848 ; his present wife was Sarah A. Norton, of Ohio ; they have had six children ; lost two sons, who died in infancy ; those living are : Charles F., Jr., Frank, Harry and Blanche P. ; Mr. and Mrs. E. are members of the M. E. Church. Emerson French. ESHBACH SOLOMON J. Farmer; Sec. 1 ; was born in Northumberland Co., Penn., 1819; located in Niagara Co., N. Y., 1846 ; and in this Co. in 1850 ; married Sarah A. Lilly in 1846 ; she was born in Northumberland Co., Penn., 1837; are members of the M. E. Church ; have eleven children (one deceased) living : George L., born in 1847; Emma C, 1849; Alfred W., 1851; Walter 8., 1856; Aaron S., 1859; Willis N., 1861; Frank C, 1863; Cora Ellen, 1865; Martin Luther, 1867; John P., 1870; Mr. Eshbach has been commis sioner of highways one term, school trustee six years, supervisor four years, assessor one year;' he is commissioner now; he owns 137 acres of land, worth $8,000, and another farm worth $7,000. ETNYRE DANIEL, farmer; Sec. 4; was born near Smithsburg, Washington Co., Md., March 39, 1817 ; came to Oregon May 17, 1839; he has been engaged in farming ever since he came here, living on the same land where he first settled ; Mr. E. has been county treasurer, township road commissioner, and for a great many years was school director ; married Mary Rice (daughter of 'Jacob Rice, who came to Mt. Morris in 1837) Jan. 13, 1843; her father died in April. 1870, at the age of 84 years ; Mrs. E. was born near Hagerstown, Md., Sept. 5, 1833 ; they have had twelve children; the living are: Lauretta, now Mrs. Henry Kauffmann; Sarah C, now Mrs. J. B. Mix; William A., John J., Lydia, Daniel E., Elizabeth, Emma, Samuel and George ;".lost two daughters : Mary died in infancy, and Augusta died May 5, I860, aged 14 years ; Mr. Etnyre's father died Oct. 6, 1839, the same year he came to this place, aaed 56 years. ETNYRE ELIAS, Retired; res. cor. Fourth and Madison Sts. ; born in Wash ington Co., Md. March 15, 1815 ; came to Oregon May 16, 1839 ; engaged as carpen ter and joiner, and farmer; his flrst wife was Sarah Gantz ; she was born in Wash ington Co., Md. ; died in 1863 ; they had three children; one son living, and now attending school at Evanston ; his preseat wife was Cecelia Hildebrand; was mar ried Dec. 34, 1872 ; she was born in Wash ington Co., Md. ; had one child by this marriage : Frank, who died March 8, 1874, aged 16 months. Etnyre John, farmer. ETNYRE JOSIAH W. Proprietor of Billiard Hall, Washington St., east of Third ; was born in Washington Co., Md., Dec. 35, 1843 ; came to Rockvale, Ogle Co., in the Spring of 1864; he was engaged in farming until his removal to Oregon in 1867; engaged in present business ten years ; married Rachel Petty Oct. 17, 1873 ; she was born in Ogle Co., March 8, 1854; they have two children: Florence May, born Oct. 20, 1864, and Wm. Lawson, born Sept. 6, 1876. Etnyre Wm. ice dealer. Eychaner George, laborer. Eyster Cyrus, grocery. ETTINGER ALONZO L. of the firm of Ettinger & Artz, General Mer chants; Washington St. corner Third; born in York Co., Pa., Sept. 33, 1840; came to Oregon in Oct., 1864; engaged in present business since 1867; served one vear as Capt. Co. A., 166th Regt. Pa. V. I. ; Capt. Ettinger was Mayor of Oregon in 1875 and 1876 ; married E. Blanche Potter, daughter of Dr. B. S. Potter, one ofthe old settlers of Oregon, Jan. 30, 1874 ; she was born in Oregon; they have one child, Alice Ida, born Feb. 10, 1876 ; Capt. E. and wife are members of the M. E. Church. TT'AHRNEY H. B. furniture dealer. FARREL DANIEL, Carpenter and Town Constable; res. on Fifth St. cor. Franklin; born in Greene Co., Indiana, Dec. 16, 1837; came to Rockvale, Ogle Co., in Nov., 1841 ; engaged in fanning until 1874; enlisted Aug. 8, 1863, in Co. G., 74th Regt. I. V. I. ; mustered out June 39, 1865, having been in the service three years; Dec. 34, 1865, he married Mary A. Patrick ; she was born in Marion Tp., this Co.; they have four children: Elizabeth J., Clark A., George W. and John J. ; Mr. Farrell was Collector of Rockvale Tp. in 1867 ; in 1869 he removed to Iowa, where he resided until he came to Oregon in the 624 OEEGON TOWNSHIP. Spring of 1874 ; he has been City Marshal here; was elected Constable in April, 1877 ; Mr. and Mrs. F. are Methodists. FISH ISAAC I. Farmer and Stone Mason; Sec. 30; P. O. Grand de Tour; owns 146 acres, probable valuation $2,000 ; Mr. F. was born April 3, 1833, in N. Y., and came to Ogle Co. in Feb., 1853 ; he lived four years in Pine Creek Tp., and then went to Missouri, where he lived three years and returned to Ogle Co. ; he was married March 33, 1855, to Helen M., daughter of Mrs. Eunice Paul, of Pine Creek Tp., this Co. ; Mrs. Fish was born June 13, 1831 ; they have three children living: Katie E., Rene I. and Annes G. ; they lost one child, George W., who died Oct. 33, 1868; Mr. Pish is a Republican; and during the War of the Rebellion en listed in the 34th Regt. I. V. I. Sept. 7, 1861; he was engaged in the battles of Shiloh, Siege of Corinth, Liberty Gap, Kenesaw Mountain, Peach Tree Creek, Jonesboro and Savannah, Ga. ; he was wounded at Kenesaw Mountain by apiece of shell and at Black River he was struck by a ball, and again at Bentonville, N. C, he received a scalp wound ; he participated in all ofthe engagements that his regiment took part in, and was mustered out as Sergeant July 17, 1865, at Chicago, and returned to Ogle Co., and settled in Oregon Tp. in 1867. Flint C. P. butcher. Pluburg John, laborer. Foote A. C. laborer. FORREST ALEXANDER, ofthe firm of A. Forrest & Co., Oat Meal Manu facturers; mills established in Oregon in 1873; capacity of mills 150 barrels per day; employ 30 men; their shipments are made to Europe principally ; Mr. Forrest was born in Scotland in June, 1846; moved to Canada in 1866; came to Rock ford in 1873, and to Oregon in 1873 ; he married Martha Montgomery of Canada ; they have one child, Margaret H. Fouch Daniel, farmer. FoxF. W. painter. Fry E. H. carpenter. Fuller Abram B.,laborer. FULLER WILLI A3I W. (deceased), whose portrait appears in this work, was born at Princeton, Mass., Aug. 14, 1793, and was one of five sons, all of whom were educated at home and fitted for col lege; William graduated at Harvard in 1813, and became a member of the legal profession in 1817, where he gained con siderable prominence ; in 1838 he visited Baltimore, Washington, and several western cities with a view to bettering his condition, and at the earnest solicitation of Judge Thomas Ford (since Governor) he came to Oregon, Ogle Co., where he took the government law practice in 1S39 ; his fine mental endowments and genial manners soon gained for him fame and friends; Aug. 16, 1840, he married Miss Mary Fletcher, a lady of rare worth and loveliness; but she was spared to him only a few short months, departing this life Dec. 5, 1841, and leaving a tiny helpless babe, who soon joined her angelic mother; March 3, 1847, Mr. Fuller was again mar ried to Miss Almira M . Robertson, pre ceptress of Rock River Seminary; Aug. 17, 1849, after many months of extreme suffering, he died in the faith of his fathers, rejoicing to join his loved ones gone before. GALE CHARLES clerk. M. deputy circuit GALE JA3IES V. Retired Merchant; born in Concord, N. H., Nov. 3, 1806, and is a son of Benjamin and Prudence (Var num) Gale ; his father was a man of con siderable prominence in his state and closely identified with its early history; he lived to the ripe age of eighty.seven years; James V. Gale received his prelim inary education in the schools of his native town, and in 1834 entered the United States Military Academy at West Point, where he remained about a year; in 1827 he went to Boston, where he was engaged as clerk in a store on Rowes' Wharf, Boa- ton ; in 1831 he commenced business for himself and was engaged in the mercantile business until 1835, when he disposed of his interest; then removed to Illinois, and in the month of Mav, 1835, located in Ogle Co. and erected the firet log cabin near what is now the City of Oregon; he fol lowed the occupation of farming until 1848, when, the town having increased considerably, he embarked in mercantile business with a partner, which they car ried on very successfully about four years, then sold out the establishment and erected a saw mill, retiring from active mercantile pursuits; he is the oldest living resident of Oregon, and has held many responsible positions ; he was first Recorder of Ogle Co. and held the office eleven years; he was also the flrst Justice of the Peace (elected in 1836), and the flrst Public Ad, ministrator; he was Supervisor for 1853 and 1854, and also from 1858 to 1868; he was the second Postmaster of Oregon, be ing appointed by President Harrison in 1841 ; held the office two years, when he was removed on account of politics, not being a " Tyler " man ; in 1863 he was elected by the Republican party of his district to represent them in the State Leg islature and acquitted himself in a credit able manner ; in 1870 Oregon became an incorporated city and he was elected its first Mayor, and served in that capacity two years ; in the same year he was elected a Director of the Chicago and Iowa Rail way Co.; was subsequently elected Vice OGLE COUNTT DIEEOTOET. 625 President of the Co. ; he is a Director of the First National Bank of Oregon and Vice President of the same ; it will be per ceived that his has been a life of continual effort and toil, and although he is now the age of three score and ten years, he is still hale, hearty and energetic as many men who are a score of years his junior; he is fully posted in the history of Oregon and Ogle Co., having for many years kept a journal wherein he has noted the impor tant events transpiring during that time ; he was married in April, 1833, to Caroline Gibson, of N. H., and has two daughters living, the only survivors of several chil dren : Mary Jane and Frances. GALE JOHN V, Farmer; Sec. 4; P.O. Oregon; born in Concord, N. H., April 5, 1814; came to Oregon in March, 1836 ; helped to raise the flrst house in Ore gon Village in the Spring of 1836 ; sold to Jonathan W. Jenkins the logs to build the flrst public house in this place ; in 1849 Mr. Gale went to California with two ox teams; was accompanied by a party of five Ogle Co. men ; he was engaged in mining one year and in stock business two years ; returned to Oregon in the Fall of 1851 ; he has been Supervisor of this Tp. the last three years ; was Township Highway Com missioner three years; married Phila U., daughter of Caleb Marshall, who came to Mt. Morris in 1836; the ceremony was pei:- formed at Mt. Morris May 16, 1843 ; she was born in Platlsburg, N. Y., July 31, 1834; they have had seven children; one son, Russell V., enlisted in Co. B, 55th I. V. I., in Nov., 1861 ; died at Camp Doug las, Chicago, Dec. 13, 1861 ; the living are: Scott, Charles M., Frank B., James V., Albert S. and Frederick. Gantz John T. furniture dealer. GIGOUS GEORGE B. Farmer ; Sec. 6; owns 193 acres, probable valuation $7,680; Mr. Gigous was born Nov. 4, 1845, in the place where he now resides, his father, George Gigous, having settled here in 1841 aud died May 17, 1877, aged 69 years and 7 months; the subject of this sketch, however (George B. Gigous), was married Jan. 15, 1866, to Mary E., daugh ter of William Newcomer, of Oregon Tp.; she was born Dec. 3, 1848, in Washington Co., Md. ; they have two children: Alice May, born Dec. 15, 1868, and George B., born Aug. 31, 1877 ; Mr. Gigous is a Re publican, and is School Director, having been elected to that office in the Spring of 1877, to serve three years. Gilbert P. M. tinner. Goiugs Thomas, drayman. GOLDSCH3IIT MICHAEL, Farmer; Sec. 17; owns 160 acres, probable valuation $3,000; Mr. Goldschmit was born Nov. 38, 1831, in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg; he was married April 11, 1858, to Margaret, daughter of John Post, of Oregon Tp. ; Mrs. G. was born May 13, 1840, in Luxembourg; they have seven children: Edward T., born May 37, 1863; Katie L., Oct. 21, 1864; Theresa M., April 15, 1866; John M., April 30, 1868; George P., Feb. 9, 18'71; Margaret A., Oct. 14, 1875, and Mary A., March 16,1877; Mr. Goldschmit came to Ogle Co. May 1, 1863 ; he is a Democrat, and was School Director for three years; Mr. and Mrs. G. are mem bers of the Catholic Church. Gram David, stock dealer. Graves J. H. book agent. Grim S. C. laborer. Gronewald W. J. carpenter. Guilford W. H. merchant. H AGERTY J. laborer. Hall Robert, barber. Harlemau Joshua D. retired farmer. Hawthorne Joseph, deputy sheriff. HAWTHORNE JOSEPH F. Farmer ; Sec. 1 ; born in Washington Co., N. Y., in 1834; located in this Co. in 1840; married Fanny Rutledge Dec. 35, 1860; she was born in Waterloo Co., Upper Can ada, in 1837 ; they are members of the M. E. Church; have three children: Willard F., born in 1861 ; Florence, 1862; Mabel, 1877 ; owns 30 acres of land well improved, worth $2,500. Heck Philip, tenant farmer. Helm William, cook. HERBERT ARTHUR F. of the firm of Herbert & Welty, Props, of Res taurant and dealers in Confectionery, Ci gars, etc., Washington St., opp. Sinnissippi Hoiise; born in Oregon, Ogle Co., April 16, 1854. Herbert John C. stone mason. Hills Rev. B. F. Lutheran clergyman. Hills Frank, farmer. HILL GEO. W. Capitalist; born in Charlotte, Chittenden Co., Vt., Oct. 23, 1815; came to Oregon in 1837; lived here two years, then returned to Vt., where he remained two years, then went to Cleve land, O., where he was engaged in hotel business ; was in Cleveland eleven years, then came to Oregon again ; he was in grain business five years, grain and lum ber two years ; he has a large amount of valuable land in Oregon; he owns the grain elevator at the depot ; is extensively interested in stock raising; he married Mary B. Merwin, of Westfleld, Mass., Feb. 13, 1845; she was born in Brookfleld, Conn.; they have had four children; Fred erick Judd, died Sept. 27, 1855, aged six months; Georgianna, died April 15, 1857, aged eleven years; the names ofthe living are: Wm. Chittenden, born in Westfleld, Mass., Nov. 27, 1856, and George Merwin, born here Jan. 30, 1859. 626 OEEGON TOWNSHIP. Hinkle John, farmer; Sec. 1. HINKLE SIRS. REBECCA, nee Miller, was born in Cumberland Co., Pa., in 1831 ; came to Pike Co. in 1840, and to Ogle Co. in 1850; married Edwin A. Hinkle in 1853, who was a farmer; was a Republican ; a member and Trustee of the Methodist Church, and for a number of years was School Director ; he died May 1, 1875, leaving a family of nine children: John M., born Oct. 13, 1853 ; Walter A., Feb. 10, 1855; Sarah B., Oct. 14, 1856; Marv E., Dec. 10, 1860 ; Susan R., March 14, 1864; Charles W., March 16, 1866; Ed win W., July 18, 1868; Frances, Oct. 34, 1870, and Hattie Bell, May 31, 1873; Mrs. H. was a member of the Lutheran Church, but with her husband attended the Meth odist ; her farm contains 187 acres, in Sec. 6, valued at $50 per acre. Hinkle Walter, farmer ; Sec. 1. Hitchcock Charles, teamster. Hoar James, farmer; Sec. 1. Hoffman Fred. E., laborer. Hoffman H. P. laborer. Hoetman Charles, laborer. Hormell C. H. carpenter. Hormell Geo. W. county clerk. Hormell Lewis, retired merchant. Hows.rd Oscar, teamster. Hunter Charles, stock buyer. Hutchinson Joseph, laborer. I RVINE C. D. machinist. Ites Jacob, teamster. JACOBS PYANN, retired merchant. JACOBS GEORGE P. Attorney-at- Law ; was born in Fall River, Mass. ; he flrst resided in Galena, and moved from there with his parents to Oregon in 1853 ; he graduated at Beloit College in 1857 ; studied law in the office of the late Henry A. Mix, and was admitted to the bar in 1860 ; on Feb. 33, 1863 was commissioned Commissary of Subsistence of Volunteers, with the rank of Captain, and was after wards made a Major hy brevet, and con tinued in the service until the close of the war; was a member of the State Senate during the Twenty-eighth and Twenty- ninth General Assemblies; upon expiration of his term of office he resumed the practice of the law at Oregon. Jaynes L. R. proprietor American House. Jayne R. L. Jenkins A. teamster. Jenkins Chester, teamster. Jewett Harvey, druggist. JEWETT THOMAS A. Dru^ist and Dealer in Stationery, Books, Wall Paper, etc. ; Washington St. ; res. on Jack son St. cor. Fifth ; born in Mt. Vernon, Iowa, July 7, 1847 ; came to Oregon whea about three years of age; he served sevea months in Co. 1, 140th Regt. I. V. L; he is at present time Town Clerk ; married Nancy Petty March 31, 1870; she was born in Henrv Co., 111., and is a member of the Presbyterian Church. Johnson Charles, laborer. Johnston James W. painter. JOHNSTON TI3IOLE01S OSCAR, son of Wesley and Sarah Johnston, was born at Franklin, Ionia Co., Wis., June 30, 1849, where he resided with his parents until 1851, when they removed to Peru, 111., remaining there about seven years ; in 1858 the family went to Austin, Texas, making this their abiding place for about twenty months, when they set out on their return to Ogle Co., and taking the overland route by team, via the Indian Territory, Kansas and Missouri, and reached Polo after a tiresome journey of six weeks ; the Johnston family lived in Polo about eight or nine years, where the subject of this sketch attended district and select schools a portion of the time, but, in 1861 and 1863, went to school at Sin- sinnawa, Mound College, Grant Co., Wis., a Roman Catholic institution, under the auspices of priests of the Order of St. Dominic ; while there, was awarded first premium in English orthography, and second premium in English reading; for three years later he was a student at Rock River Seminary, at Mt. Morris, where he completed his studies and received a diploma, in the commercial course, and advanced to a high grade in the scientific and classical curriculum of the institu tion ; at the age of seventeen he prevailed on his father to give him his time, as, like most youths of that age, he believed him self fully capable of taking care of him self, and after a six weeks' trial with, to say the least, very indifferent success, he returned to his paternal roof, a wiser man; through the good offices of his uncle, G. W. Phelps, he secured a position in the printing office of the Oregon National Guard for one year at the enormous salary of $100, he to board him self and to draw no salary until expiration of the year. At the end of three months he quit, but was finally persuaded by his mother to return, and at the end of the year had become a flrst-class compositor. He then worked about three months in the office of the Ogle County Beporter for M. W. Smith, after which he attended school another term at Mt. Morris, when he went to Iowa and found employment in the office of Tlie Vinton Eagle, Benton Co. Was married Dec. 30, 1869, to Miss Mary E. Shockley, of Vinton, by whom he has two children : May, aged seven years, and Johnny, aged flve years. Feb. 16, 1872, he O&LB OOUNTT blEfeCTOEY. m retm'ned to Oregon and bought a half in terest in the Ogle Uounty Reporter of W. H. Gardner, and formed a copartnership with that gentleman, and in the November following bought out Gardner and assumed entire control of the paper, which he still retains. In 1874 he built a residence at a cost of $3,000, which, together with his printing office and building, is without incumbrance. In the Spring of 1877 was elected Alderman in the First Ward of Oregon ; is Chairman of the Committee on Police and Public Health, and is member of the TPinance Committee of the city gov ernment. Is member of the Masonic and Odd Fellows lodges, having passed the chairs in the latter, and now being Repre sentative and Deputy to the Grand Lodge ¦ ofLO.O.F. of Illinois. JOHNSTON WIESLEY, Capitalist; res. cor. Third and Jackson Sts. born in New York City April 1, 1817 ; went to St. Louis in 1837 ; was clerk on Mississippi River Steamboat a year and a half; book keeper at Sulphur Springs, near St .Louis, one year and a half; came to Oregon in 1841 ; from 1844 to 1860 was engaged in mercantile business extensively in partner ship with James C. T. Phelps, they having stores at Elizabeth, Jo Daviess Co., 111., Franklin, Iowa Co., Wis., Beetown, Grant Co., Wis., from 1845 to 1850; they also had a store at Weston, Mo., in 1849; in 1850 went to Peru, 111., carried on mercantile business there and at La Salle until 1857; had a store at Polo from 1855 to 1860; one at Milledgeville in 1857, and also one at Brookville same year; from 1857 to 1860 had three stores in Texas; from 1860 to 1865 Mr. Johnston did business in Polo without a partner; he was City Treasurer when he resided at Peru; since 1865 he has devoted his time to real estate operations and money loan ing for himself exclusively ; June 8, 1848; he married Sarah L., daughter of John Phelps, who came to Galena in 1837 with a stock of goods for the lead mines ; was in business there two or three years ; then went to farming on Gov. Carlin's farm near Alton, 111. ; he was Second Lieut, of 2d Co. during the Black Hawk War in 1833; he was also in the war of 1813; he located land in what is Mt. Morris and Rockvale in the Fall of 1833 ; died April 1, 1874; Mrs. Johnston was born in Lebanon, Wilson Co., Tenn., March 37, 1817; she named the Town of Oregon; her father having laid it out in 1835 ; Mr. Johnston's family consists of four chil dren : T. Oscar, S. Alice (now Mrs. S. G. Jones), Eva E. and James W. JONES FRED. G. of the flrm of Petrie & Jones, General Merchants, Washington St.; res. cor. Third and Madison; was born in Canada West, March 19, 1846; came to this Co. in 1865 ; has been engaged in mercantile business ever since he came here ; he was alderman of the third ward from 1873 to 1876; married Chloe A. Brockway Nov. 3, 1873; she was born in N. Y. State; they have two children: Edith Blanche, born Oct. 3, 1873, and George Henry, Oct. 1, 1875. Jones S. H. tailor. Jones John H. laborer. Jones S. A. carpenter. Jones Stanley G. clothing dealer. K AILOR DAVID, laborer. KAILER EZRA J. Salesman for B. F. Sheets ; res. on Fourth St.. near Mad ison; was born in Bellsville, Frederick Co., Md., June 1, 1843 ; has been with B. P. Sheets since he came to Oregon, in 1869 ; married Emma, daughter of John Buel, Nov. 11, 1875 ; they have one child : Glenn Clinton, born Jan. 18, 1877. Keys B. P. laborer. Keys Wm. B. laborer. Killeen Richard, farmer ; Sec. 1. KILMER DANIEL, Tenant Farmer ; Sec. 10 ; was born Jan. 11, 1845, in Berke ley Co., Va. ; when the war broke out he enlisted in the First Virginia Cavalry, of the C. S. A., in April, 1861, and was en gaged in the battles of the 2d Bulls Run, Chancellorsville, Fredericksburg, Antie tam, Seven Pines, Petersburg, and all of the iDattles his regiment took part in until the surrender of Richmond, when he re turned to his home in Berkeley Co., Va. ; he came to Ogle Co. Dec. 1, 1866, and was married March 13, 1873, lo Rose A., daughter of Thomas Clark, of Pine Rock Tp., Ogle Co. ; Mrs. K. was born in 1851, and died June 10, 1875 ; by this marriage he had one child : Charles, born May 33, 1875, and died Aug. 10, 1875 ; on the 31st of Aug., 1876, he married his second wife, Ann E., daughter of Wm. Clark, of Pine Rock Tp. ; she was born in Oct, 1854, in England; Mr. Kilmer is a Democrat, and was road master for two terms ; Mrs. Kil mer is a member of the Adventist's Church. Kiser D. M. broom maker. Kiser Ed. farmer; Sec. 7. Kiser A. B. sewing machine agent. Knodle J. N. painter. KNORNSCHILD ADA3I, Propri etor of the Union Market, Washington St., opposite First National Bank ; res. on Third St., cor. Madison ; was born in Ger many Oct. 7, 1843 ; came to Milwaukee, Wis. in 1857; lived there two years, and then went to Madison ; resided there four years, when he returned to Milwaukee and remained two years more; he then went to Rockford, 111., where he remained three years, and then came to Oregon in June, 1868; Mr. K. has been engaged in butch- 628 OEEGON TOWNSHIP. ering eighteen years; Nov. 31, 1867, he married Margaret Hasenfuss; she was born in New York City, Feb. 8, 1844; they have had four children; Willie died in Aug., 1870, aged two years; Annie died in May, 1876, aged four years; Mr, and Mrs. K. are members of the Catholic Church. Kroll G. W. clerk. Kurtz Geo. works on Sec. 4. L AWSON S. laborer. LASON H. P. Attorney at Law ; born in Cortland Co., N. Y., March 33, 1844; until about 17 years of age he resided in Cortland Co. and attended school, except at such times as his services were required on the farm at home ; his father, who died in 1858, was known as a man of sterling worth, and was an abolitionist and a radical temperance man ; in this respect the son has been a true scion of the original stock, as his record amply shows ; Sept. 26, 1861, Mr. Lason enlisted in Co. P, 76th N. Y. Infantry, for three years, or during the war ; he was with his regiment in the battles of Rappahannock Station, Warrenton, Sulphur Springs, Gainesville, and at Second Bull Run, at which latter place be received a wound, Aug. 39, 1863, by which he lost an arm, and was dis charged Oct. 9, following ; the next Winter he taught tbe district school, near the old homestead in Cortland Co., and attended school during the Summer ; the Winter of 1864-'5 he secured a position as assistant in the New York Juvenile Asylum ; in the Spring of 1867, he graduated at Starkey Seminary, Yates Co., N. Y., and soon after married Miss Maude A. Rapalee, a school mate, of Hancock Co., 111. ; coming West, he secured the school at Grand de Tour, which he taught for three years, after which he moved to Rochelle and studied law in the office of M. D. Hathaway, and was admitted to the Bar Sept. 3, 1871 ; he is at present owner and editor of the Oregon Courier, but most of his time is given to his profession. LEE DANIEL B. Surgeon Dentist, office cor. Washington & Third Sts. ; res. cor. Third and Jackson ; was born at Mt. Holly, Rutland Co., Vt., in 1818; moved to Pekin, 111., in 1838; resided there about three years; moved to Muscatine, Iowa, in 1841; engaged in Dentistry there for six years, then went to Providence, where he remained three years, and in 1858 came to Oregon ; his first wife was Mary Underwood; they had two children, one now living: EmmaH; the Doctor's present wife was Lavinia Moore; they were married about eighteen years ago. Lee Richard, carpenter. Lehman Christian, wagon maker. Leslie James, retired farmer. Light E. K. circuit clerk. LIGHT EZRA M. Physician and Sur. geon; office in Mix's buil(?ing over Guil. ford & Sheldon's store ;' res. Washington St. cor. Sixth ; the Doctor is a son of John ' and Hannah Allen Light ; his grandfather, Jonathan Allen, was all through the Revo lutionary War, being one of George Washington's Light Guards ; the Doctor was born in Tioga, Tioga Co., N. T., Dec. 9, 1833; came to Oregon in 1844; was engaged in farming until 1848 ; taught school winters; graduated from Rush Medical College Feb. 16, 1853; since which time he has been engaged in prac tice here; flrst wife was Mary Bennett; she died in July, 1864; they had three children, one now living: Wm. Wirt, born June 15, 1861 ; George P., died in Sept., 1874, aged eighteen years ; Mary Catharine died at the age of thirteen years; the Doctor's present wife was Alice Etnyre, born in Washington Co., Md., and daugh ter of Samuel Etnyre; married in Jan., 1867; they are both members of the Lutheran Church; the Doctor was a volunteer surgeon in Hospital at Quincy a short time during the late Rebellion. Lilly George, retired farmer. Little Jno. W. tenant farmer ; Sec. 6. LITTLE JESSE, Farmer; Sec. 6; owns 315 acres, probable valuation $9,675 ; Mr. Little was born Aug. 37, 1830, in Harrison Co., Ohio; he came to Ogle Co. April 6, 1853, and settled in Pine Creek Tp., where he lived for nine years; he was married Aug. 35, 1853, to Martha A. M. Fields, daughter of John Fields, of Pine Creek Tp.; she was born July 13, 1829; in 1863 they moved to Oregon Tp., where they now reside; they have four children: John W., born Aug. 33, 1854; Sarah C, April 17, 1857; George F. June 11, 1860; Wilber G., Oct. 13, 1865 ; Mr. Little is a Republican, and was Road Master for three years, and School Director for two terms ; he is also a member of the Chureh of United Brethren; a Trustee, of the U. B. Parsonage; Superintendent of the Sab bath School, and Class Leader at Mt. Zion Church of the U. B. Society ; Mrs. Little is also a member of the same denomina tion. Loose B. farmer. Lynch Thomas, laborer. M cCAULEY JOHN, dentist. McGuire M. farmer. Mclois Donald, depot watchman. Mclnis Walter; laborer. McKEEN SAL3ION, Dealer in Agricultural Implements; Third St. near Washington; res. on Third St.; born in Frieburg, Oxford Co., Maine, April 35, 1831; came to Nashua Tp. in 1853; has lived also in Pine Rock and Oregon Tps.; OGLE COUNTT DIEEOTOET. 629 he was engaged in farming until 1874; was School Director in Pine'Rock for nine years; married Maril la M. Bickford Oct. 17, 1852 ; she was born in Porter, Oxford Co., Maine, Aug. 10, 1835 ; they have three children: Mary L., born Dec. 25, 1853; Melville I., Aug. 13, 1857 ; Nellie, Aug. 3, 1865. McKENNEY MRS. E. 31. Widow of G. M. McKenney; Farmer; Sec. 15; owns 190 acres, probable valuation $8,550 ; Mr. McKenney was born in Canada Dec. 15, 1821, and died April 33, 1874, in Oregon; Mrs. McKenney is a daughter of Dr. Wm. J. Mix (deceased) ; she was born Nov. 38, 1837, in Oregon, and was married May 30, 1856; she has eight children, whose names are: Henry J., born Aug. 17, 1857; Julia, Dec. 19, 1859; Richard, Feb. 34, 1863; George, March 38, 1864; Albert, June 23, 1867; Willie, Jan. 5, 1870; Bonnie J., Feb. 28, 1871; Betsey H., Feb. 24, 1874. McKenney T. L. retired farmer. lIcMURRAY CHAS. I, Marble Dealer; Wasbington St. between Third St. and Rock River Bridge; born in Hartland. Niagara Co., N. Y., Dec. 13, 1836; moved to Lyons, Iowa, in 1S57 ; in 1860 went to Mich., where he enlisted as a private in Co. P., Second Mich. Cavalry; in a few months was promoted to Second Duty Sergeant; was wounded at the battle of New Madrid and promoted to Second Lieut. ; after the battle of Pittsburg Land ing he was promoted to First Lieut.; served three years, and was mustered out as First. Lieut; afterwards returned to Lyons, Iowa; came to Ogle Co. Aug. 6, 1877; engaged in marble business since 1870; he married Katie Cavanaugh April 3, 1868; she was born in Wolverhampton, England, Jan. 7, 1849; they have two children: Lottie, born June 14, 1870; Mary July 15, 1873. McNeal Henry, laborer. Mack Jno W. deputy county clerk. Mahoney John, laborer. Mallery E. T. clerk. MARSH CHAS. T. Bookseller, Stationer and Dealer in Wall Paper, Notions, etc; south side of Washington St.; res. on Madison St.; born in Dover, Ensland, May 5, 1845; about the year 1855 came to Mt. Morris, in this Co.; en gaged in farming pursuits until 1863, when he enlisted in Co. K. (mounted), I. V. I.; dale of enlistment Aug. 12, 1863, dis charged June 31, 1865; was in all battles his Co. was engaged in ; after the close of the war he was educated at the Mf. Morris Seminary, and was engaged in teaching until 1868; removed to Oregon in 1869 and commenced business with his brother, F. E. Marsh, under the flrm name of Marsh Bros. ; in 1872 F. H. Marsh with drew from the flrm ; since then Chas. T. has conducted the business alone; Mr. M. was Assessor of Oregon Tp. in 1875 aud 1876 ; he is now serving second term as School Trustee; he is also Alderman of Second Ward; married Lucinda Hinsel Dec. 13, 1867; she was born in New Philadelphia, Ohio; thev have had four children ; two sons deceased : one died in infancy; Bertie died Sept. 15, 1877, aged two years; the living children are: Fred K. and Chas. Edgar; Mr. and Mrs. M. are members ofthe M. E. Church. MARSH FRED H. Agent American Express Co. ; residence Third St., between Jefferson and Madison ; born in England Sept. 7, 1843; came to Oregon in 1855; was for a time in the Book and Stationery business ; he has been express agent since April 22, 1871 ; April 10, 1861, he enlisted in Co. H, 15th I. V. I. ; in Sept., 1861, he was discharged on account of sickness ; re-enlisted in Oct., 1861, in 46th I. V. I. ; mustered out at Baton Rouge, La., Jan. 30, 1866, after having been in the service four years and eight months ; was mustered out as Captain ; Capt. Marsh was member of the Twenty-eighth and twenty-ninth Gen eral Assembly ; Town Clerk of Oregon in 1870 and 1871 ; he married Kate E. Leh man Feb. 16, 1864 ; she was born in this town ; they have two children : George L. and Katie B. ; the captain and his wife are members of the M. E. Church. Marvin Seth, carpenter. Matson , boarding house. 3IAT3IILLER ALBANY, Boot and Shoe Manufacturer, Washington St., oppo site First National Bank ; res. on Third St. ; born in Erie, Pa., May 32, 1837 ; came to Ogle Co. in 1853 ; in Aug., 1862, he en listed in Co. G, 74th I. V. I. ; served until March, 1863; married Mary Ann Marks Sept. 31, 1863 ; she was born in Greece, N. Y., Oct. 13, 1841 ; they have had tive children ; two died in infancy ; the living are: Myrtle M., born March 39, 1864; Minnie G., April 11, 1867, and Ethel A., Nov. 36, 1877. 3IAT3IILLER JOHN, of the flrm of Ruiledge & Matmiller, dealers in Hard ware, Tinware, Stoves, etc., Washington St. ; res. on Franklin St., between Third and Fourth; born at Brie, Pa., Aug. 9, 1839; came to Mt. Morris in 1853; served three years in Co. G, 74th I. V. I. ; enlisted Aug. 13, 1863; mustered out July 37, 1865; he was taken prisoner at Stone Kiver Dec. 31, 1862; six months in Libby Prison; after his release, which was about June, 1863, Mr. M. was on detached service in Medical Department at Annapolis, Md. ; was in Circuit Clerk's office in Oregon from the Spring of 1868 to 1872 ; was Alder man ofthe First Ward from 1871 to 1873; member of tho Library Board at the lime of its organization ; married Mary J. Grim- 630 OEEGON TOWNSHIP. ler Jan. 9, 1866 ; she was born in Brie, Pa. ; they have one daughter, Ida M., born Nov. 12, 1867 ; Mr. and Mrs. M. are members of the M. E. Church. MAT3IILLER JOSEPH W. Dealer in Flour, Feed, Seeds, Vegetables, etc., Etnyre Block, Fourth St.; res. cor. Fourth and Jackson Sts. ; born in Brie, Pa., June 6, 1841 ; came to this Co. in 1853 ; enlisted in Co. H, 34th I. V. I., Aug., 1861 ; mustered out in July, 1865, having served about four years; married Martha J. Householder Dec. 38, 1865 ; she was born in this Co. ; they have one son, Charles, born Nov. 34, 1866. May J. W. barber. Michael D. C. laborer; Sec. 3. Michael Daniel, laborer. ' Michael H. B. plasterer. Middlekauff Elias, retired farmer. Miles Chas. stone mason. Miller Carey, printer. Miller James, teamster. Miller Michael, wagon maker. Mills G. F. auctioneer, etc. MILLS THOBIAS W. Proprietor of the Sinnissippi House, and Auctioneer; born in Hilton, Shropshire, England, Sept. 21, 1841 ; came with his parents to ' Monroe, this Co., in 1851 ; engaged in farming until 1864, when he went to Cin cinnati, O., where he remained one year; in 1867 went to Rochelle ; conducted the Rochelle House four years; engaged in auction business exclusively for two years ; he has been proprietor of the Sinnissippi House since Nov., 18"5 ; married Harriet J. Butterfleld, daughter of John Butter field, of Rochelle, April 3, 1862 ; she was born in Berkhampsted, England, Sept. 14, 1839 ; Mrs. Mills ia a member of the M. E. Church. 3IIX GEORGE A. Dealer in Dry Goods, Boots aud Shoes, Hats, Caps, Gro ceries, etc., Sinnissippi Block ; res. Wash ington St., cor. Seventh ; born in Galena Dec. 15, 1850 ; married Hattie A. Hovey Nov. 6, 1872; she was born in Racine, Wis., Feb. 38, 1851 ; they have two chil dren, George H. and Arthur H. ; Mrs. Mix is a member of the Episcopal Church. MIX HENRY A., 31. D., (deceased) whose portrait appears in this work, was born in the year of our Lord 1816 ; his nativity was Grand Isle, Vt. ; he was the youngest of a family of eleven children ; he received his early education at Farm ington, Conn., and completed his college studies at Moscow, C. B., in the years 1889 and '40, and graduated at Cambridge Law School in July, 1841. He came to Oregon Dec. 30, 1841, and was admitted to the practice of law in the same month. He flrst married Miss Catherine J. Bennett, who died Oct. 4, 1846, by whom he had one son, John B., who resides in Oregon Township. August 1, 1849, he was mar ried to Miss Mary Jacobs, by whom he had eight children, six of whom died in infancy; the two living are: George A., one of the most enterprising young men in Oregon, and Mary J., now absent at school. Mr. Mix was a leading attorney and prominently identified with the business and political interests of the Co. ; largely engaged in railway and other enterprises. On the evening of the 3d of Septem ber, 1867, while crossing the bridge then in course of erection, over Rock River, at Oregon, he missed his footing and fell in the canal and locks below, and was in- stantly killed. The following is taken from the remarks of the Rev. G. W. Crafts, upon the occa sion of his funeral, Sept. 3, 1867 : " Coming among us, or rather coming to the young and rapidly advancing State of Illinois, over a quarter of a century ago, he grew with our growth and strength ened with our strength. Added to a mind of far more than common power, and a genius brilliant and strong, he had an in flexible will. Energy and perseverance characterized all his undertakings. He considered no obstacle too great to be overcome in time. No difficulty could baffie his determination. He found no rugged steep that he could not surmount Though so active and diligent that he found but little time for social conversa tion, yet how he will be missed from this community! We miss him from our streets, from his place of business, from our public gatherings. We miss that ever pushing, active, driving man. His ever studious, thoughtful countenance, his quick, energetic step, daily taught wher ever he went the great and important les son that * Life is real ! Life is earnest I ' He has bequeathed to his children and to us and our children, my friends, his stir ring example that should be claimed by us as a priceless boon. Truly he was a hero in life's momentous battle. " He was never known to boast of what he had done, yet he aided every charitable object and gave assistance to every benev olent enterprise, and ever seemed to re member to be grateful for a favor done him. Yes, he will be missed by us here. There will be a want, a deficiency here and there, that would never be known or felt, were he still among the living. " But not only by us, but by our glorious county will he be missed. At the late meeting of the Board of Supervisors the following resolution was adopted by that honorable body:" Besohed, That in the decease of Mr. Mix, the County of Ogle has sustained an irreparable loss, that his thorough and OGLE OOUNTT DIEEOTOET : 631 conspicuous identification for the last twenty-flve years with nearly all our im portant public enterprises, his superior business qualifications, constantly being exerted, not only for the material advance ment of the community, but also for the peaceful adjustment of difficulties among men, his untiring energy, his generous hospitality, his cordial friendship, his con descension to the poor, and above all, the true democracy of his life, all being lost in his untimely death, has left a void which can not be filled. MIX H. A., M. D., whose portrait ap pears in this work, is the youngest son of Wm. J. "Mix, Sr., M. D., deceased, one of the earliest settlers of Ogle Co. ; the sub ject of this sketch was born in Oregon, in this Co., July 13, 1838 ; at an early age he developed a natural taste for anatomy, having, when only ten years of age, put together the entire parts of- a skeleton ; at the age of twelve he dissected a human body and exposed every muscle; after studying medicine for three years, with Dr. E. S. Potter, of Oregon, he attended Rush Medical College, graduating from that institution in February, 1864 ; he im mediately entered the service as 2d Asst. Surgeon of the 64th I. V. I., and was made in Sept. following, 1st Asst. Surgeon ; dur ing Sherman's campaign, was one of the operating staff of the first division of the 16th corps, being appointed to that posi tion over many older surgeons, on account of his surgical skill ; in May following he was made Surgeon of the 64th I. V. I. ; in June, 1865, he was selected as one of the three surgeons in the Army of the Ten nessee, to form a board of medical exam iners and served as such until the close of the war. He then returned to Rush • Medical College and took a course of lec tures on diseases of women and children. He then commenced the practice of med icine in partnership with Dr. E. S. Pot ter, in Oregon, and continued as such un til 1874, when he started for himself, and has continued so up to the present time, having a large and lucrative practice ; the same year he built his fine residence, which is an ornament to his native town ; he married Adeline A. Perry, in Lynn ville, in this Co., July 11, 1868; have one son, Morton P., born July 19, 1873. MIX JOHN B. Farmer; Sec. 3; born in Oregon; age, 31; married Miss Sarah E. Etnyre, of the same place, in 1870 ; age, 29; they have three children: Catharine G, May and Henry A. ; ages respectively 6, 3 and 1 ; is a Republican ; liberal in re ligion ; wife is a member of the Lutheran Church. MIX W3I. J., SR., (Deceased), whose portrait appears in this work, was born in Grand Isle, Vt., May 30, 1795 ; he was the eldest of eleven children ; in his early life he was engaged in lumbering and in the fishing trade on the St. Lawrence River, continuing at the same until the age of 35 ; he then studied medicine with Dr. Wood, of Campbell's Landing, Canada, and after pursuing a full course at the Medical In stitute at Montreal, graduated at the age of 39 ; he soon after settled in Conneaut- ville, Crawford Co., Penn., and after prac ticing his profession there for eight years, moved to 'Tecumseh, Mich., where he re mained one year; he then moved to Ottawa, LaSalle Co., 111., and in the year 1835 came from there to Oregon Tp., in this Co., where he remained up to the time of his death, March 12, 1850. He served as assistant surgeon in the battle of Plattsburg in 1816, his father being a captain in the same battle ; while residing in Pa., he served as surgeon of the 129th Pa. Vols.; he married Annice Drury in Pittsfield, Vt., July 35, 1816 ; she was born in same place June 34, 1799; they had one son, Wm. J. Mix, Jr., living in Oregon, and two daughters, Abigail Minerva, who died Oct. 33, 1838, and Sarah Annice, who died Sept. 36, 1836 ; Mrs. Mix died in 1834; he then married Miss Eliza Wood Goodwin, at Tecumseh, Mich., in Feb., 1836; she was born in Onondaga Co., N. Y. ; they had one son, H. A. Mix, M. D., of Oregon, and four daughters: Martha E., now Mrs. Mc Kenney, Mary A., now Mrs. O. W. Garri son, of Iowa Palls, Iowa, Francis C, who died at the age of four years, and Alice R., now Mrs. Worthington, living near Los Angeles, Cal. 3I1X WM. J. Capitalist ; born in Grand Isle Co., Vt., April 31, 1833 ; moved to Craw ford Co., Pa., in 1837 ; resided there until the Spring of 1835; then removed lo Michigan; remained there until 1836; then came to Oregon, arriving here Oct., 1836, was first Co. Judge in 1839 ; in Nov., 1841, engaged in mercantile business at Daysville ; continued in business there until 1846 ; from 1847 to 1857 was in mercantile business in Chicago; then returned to Daysville, where he remained until 1858, when he engaged in hardware trade in Oregon, which he continued until 1865 ; from 1867 to 1873 he was engaged in general mercantile business here ; his flrst wife was Harriet L. Brown, daughter of Col. Dauphin Brown, who came to Black Walnut Grove in 1838; married Dec. 9, 1845; she died in. Chicago Nov. 4, 1849; one child by this marriage, Frank W., now a resident of Cornucopia, Nev.; present wife was Belle T., daughter of Richard McKinney, of Nashua Tp., and came here in 1839 ; married May 30, 1856 ; she was born in Canada July 19, 1834; they have four children; Helen A., Fred R., Chas. L., and Lida Belle. Morris Thomas J. wagon maker. Motter Hiram, retired farmer. Mulkins A. proprietor omnibus line. 632 OEEGON TOWNSHIP. MUNN SILAS, Dealer in Lumber, ,/Coal, Sash, Doors, Blinds, etc.. Second Street, near Washington ; res. on Jefferson Street; born in Belleville, N. J., Feb. 15, 1833; he was Town Clerk several terms before leaving his native place ; 33 years ago he came West; was with the engineer corps 18 months, engaged in the construc tion of the Terre Haute & Alton R. R. ; was connected with the Navy Department four years during the war ; engaged at that time in putting engines in the monitors ; in 1866 went to Kansas City; was con nected with the building of the Missouri River, Fort Scott, & Gulf R. R. two years ; helped to build the Jersey City and Newark water works; for 10 months connected with Chicago, Michigan & Lake Shore Railway; two years road master of the Chicago & Iowa Railroad ; was for several months superintendent of the construction of the Chicago & Paciflc R. R., afterwards with the Texas Paciflc R'. R. one year; returned to 111., and was for another year road master of the C. & I. Ry. ; engaged in lumber business Nov. 1, 1875; married Mrs. Florence A. Stroh; she died Dec. 17, 1877. MURRAY EDIVARD D. Farmer; Sec. 17 ; owns 100 acres of land, proba ble valuation $4,500; Mr. Murray was born December 15, 1837, in Meath Co., Ireland, and came to Oregon, Ogle Co., in June, 1858 ; he was married June 8, 1857, to Mary, daughter of John Post, of Oregon Tp. : she was born July 13, 1839, in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg ; they have seven children whose names are : Margaret, born March 18, 1858 ; Catherine, Dec. 10, 1860; Mary, Dec. 33, 1862; Ann, Feb. 29, 1866; John H., March 33, 1868; Frank, Aug. 18, 1871, and Charles, Oct. 15, 1876; Mr. Murray is a Democrat, and was School Director for two years ; both Mr. and Mrs. Murray are members of the Catholic Church. Mussleman Jacob T. miller. ¦VJEWCOMER EMORY S. carpenter. Newcomer J. B. farmer. ' Newcomer W. H. carpenter. Newhall J . H. ice dealer. Newman Adam, laborer. Newman John, laborer. NOHE 3I1CHAEL. Dealer in Groceries, Crockery, and Woodenware, Fourth Street, near Washington ; born in Germany Sept. 1 1 , 1837 ; came to Chicago in 1846; after residing there one year he came to Oregon; engaged in mercantile business ever since he came here; he has been City Treasurer and was Assessor of Oregon Tp. six years; married Sophronia Bauer Oct. 19, 1859; she was born in Ger many ; they have had nine children ; two died in inl'ancy; John A. died Dec. 24, 1877, aged 35 years; those living are; Kate, Charles, Ellen, Mary, Aggie, and Lizzie ; Mr. Nohe and family are members of the Catholic Church. Norton E. retired farmer. /^LSON C. shoe maker. Osborn Wm..retired farmer. Overmiller Gotleib, stone mason. TDADLEY CHARLES, butcher. Page L. W. retired farmer. Parsons F. S. blacksmith. Parkhurst S. clerk. Patrick S. horse dealer. PEEK HENRY C. Sheriff of Ogle Co.; born in Bethel, Vt, Oct. 13, 1837; came with his parents to Grand de Tour in June, 1838, in about six months re moved to Buffalo Tp., where he lived until Dec, 1874, when he came to Oregon, having been elected Sheriff in Nov. of that year ; served four years in U. S. army during the late Rebellion ; enlisted in Co. L, 15th Regt. I. V. C, Nov. 37, 1861 ; was transferred to the First Alabama Cavalry in 1863 ; promoted to Captaincy of Co. D, of this Regt.; participated in battles of Shiloh, Corinth, etc. ; went with Sherman to the sea ; mustered out Oct. 30, 1865 ; Capt. Peek was Collector of Buffalo Tp in 1867; he married Adeline S. Chase Nov. 38, 1864 ; she was born in Rochester, N. Y., , 1839; they have had flve children; the living are: Bessie, Frank B., George N. and Carl C. ; one son died in infancy; Capt. Peek and wife are mem bers of the Presbyterian Church. Perry B. A. blacksmith. Perry George, blacksmith. Perry J. S. blacksmith. Peterson C. W. laborer. Peterson John, laborer. Peterson John P. laborer. PETRIE HON. FREDERICK G. of the firm or Petrie & Jones, General Merchants; Washington St.; res. on Fourth St.; born in Kingston, Canada, Aug. 33, 1818; came to Byron, this Co., July 15, 1838 ; engaged in farming there until Dec, 1840, when he removed to Mt. Morris; in 1843 he engaged in general mercantile business with Enoch Wood; dissolved partnership in 1851, and formed CO partnership with H. J. Farwell; they continued together until 1854; for a time after that carried on the business alone; from 1856 to 1858 his son-in-law, B. F. Sheets, was associated with him in mer cantile and milling business; in 1858 was elected Sheriff; he then nmoved to Oregon j served one term as Sheriff, and OGLE COUNTY DIEEOTOET. 633 was elected Circuit Clerk in 1860, which office he held until 1872; was elected County Judge in 1873; served in that capacity until 1877; was Postmaster at Morris "from 1841 to 1848 ; married Eliza beth, daughter of Rev. John Sharp, who came to this Co. in 1838 ; she died in Aug., 1853; they had seven children: John R. (first white child born in Mt. Morris, date of birth Feb. 17, 1841), Charles F. and Sarah A. (now Mrs. Joseph E. Hitt) ; two sons and two daughters deceased ; present wife was Mrs. Mary S. Hill ; married in Dec, 1853; she was born in Lynchburg, Va., Aug., 1815; they have one child, Minnie; the Judge and Mrs. Petrie are members of the M. E. Church. Phelps B. L. painter. PHELPS GEO. IVASHING- TON, Retired Farmer; born in Lebanon, Wilson Co., Tenn., Jan. 22, 1812 ; came to Madison Co., 111., in 1839 ; lived there one year, then went to Rushville, 111. ; came to Ogle Co. in May, 1834 ; moved here in 1835; located land in what is now Mt. Morris and Rockvale, with his brother John; Mr. P. was engaged in farming until he removed to Oregon in 1860 ; he has been Mayor of Oregon ; his first wife was Elizabeth F. Palmer of Tenn. ; she died Dec. 8, 1857 ; they had six children ; five now living, they are : Margaret, Vic toria (now Mrs. Samuel Root), Alonzo A., Wm. Henry, America D. (now Mrs. Chas. Reynolds) and John B. ; Mr. Phelps' pres ent wife was Margaret Johnston; they were married inNov., 1859 ; she was born in Canada ; they have one child, George Johnston Phelps ; Mr. and Mrs. Phelps are members of the M. B. Church. Phelps Henry, laborer. Phelps John, painter Phelps Richard W. laborer. PIPER LEIVIS P. Born March 1, 1800, in Washington Co., Penn.; lived many years in the State of Ohio, where he was engaged in the business of manu facturing wagons ; was contractor for the building of three railroad bridges in the same state; came to Illinois in the year 1843, and to this county Feb., 1843, where he has since resided, holding the offices of Postmaster, Justice of the Peace, Super visor and School Director for years; in 1849 married Mrs. S. R. P. Rutledge, of Oregon; having had eight children by former marriage; four are now living: Edward W., Mrs. Elizabeth Bdrington, Mrs. 'Tyler and Mrs. Albina Chandler; Mrs. Rutledge came to Oregon from Urbana, Ohio, 1839, and by her first hus band, Robert Rutledge, who died in 1846, had one son, Isaac R. ; at the early age of seventeen showed his devotion to his country and enlisted in Co. D, 7th Regt. I. V. C, in Sept., 1861, under Col. Kellogg; was with Gen. Pope at Island No. 10 and New Madrid ; was at Corinth and many other battles; was foremost in every place of danger, and lost his life in a cavalry skirmish Dec 26, 1863; two children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Piper: George L., who is now a physician of great promise in the State of Ohio, and Eudora E., a young lady whose scholarly attainments and quiet graces hallow the home of her aged parents; in the social relations of life Mrs. Piper has been active and her influence felt. Post Frank, farmer; Sec. 8. Post John, farmer ; Sec. 8. Potter 0. R. druggist. POTTER DR. ELIAS E. Physi. clan and Surgeon ; res. on Third St. ; born in Ontario Sept. 15, 1830; came to Kill- buck, Ogle Co., 111., in 1838 ; j-esided there one year; moved to Peru, La Salle Co., in 1839; lived there until 1844; commenced the practice of medicine in 1843 ; came to Oregon in 1844; married Alice R. Conroy July 4, 1845 ; she was born in Vt. ; they have had six children ; two deceased ; the living are : Charles P., Frank C, Blanche and Eloise ; the Doctor was a member of the Legislature from this District in 1851 and 1853; was Surgeon ofthe Third Con- gressional District, composed of the Coun ties of Lee, Whiteside, Ogle, Carroll, Stevenson and Jo Daviess during the years 1863-'3-'4. Powell Upton H. teamster. R APALEB NORMAN, printer. RAY JOHN T. Co. Supt. of Schools; office in south wing of Court House ; born in Oregon Township Sept. 31, 1851; he graduated from the Northwestern tfni- versity at Evanston, as Bachelor of Philos ophy, class of 1875 ; he was Principal of Byron Public Schools from the Fall of 1875 to the time of his election as Co. Supt. in Nov., 1877. Rae Hugh, farmer. RAE JAMES, Farmer; Sec. 1; born in Tyrone Co., North of Ireland, June 5, 1816; came to the U. S. in 1836, and to Ogle Co. in 1838, where he has ever since remained ; married Mary Murphy, who was born in Gavin Co., North of Ireland ; have had nine children, seven of whom are still living; owns 330 acres of land. Rae Robert, farmer. REED EDWIN E. Co. Treasurer; res. cor. Fourth and Hill Sts.; born in Daysville, Ogle Co., III., June 6, 1846; for a number of years he was engaged in teaching; he was Collector of Nashua Township in 1869; he served eighteen months in Co. F, 34th I. V. I.; was wounded in right arm June 37, 1864, at the charge of Kenesaw Mountain; Mr. Reed married Lilian B. Hemenway April 634 OEEGON TOWNSHIP. 16, 1869 ; she was born in Nashua Town ship Dec. 36, 1849 ; they have five children Otto H., Evan La Forest, Beulah Edwina, Arthur A., and J. Gale, born Jan. 32, 1878 Mr. Reed is a member of the M. E. Church Mrs. R. belongs to the Christian Church Rees John L. laborer. Reiley Thomas L. retired farmer. Reiman E. J. stone mason and plasterer. Reiman Frank, butcher. Reiman G. W. plasterer. Reynolds C. W. A. carpenter. Reynolds T. S. carpenter. Rhinehart Alvin, carpenter. Ripparger John, harness maker. Rippberger Joseph, tenant farmer ; Sec. 4. Roat Samuel, Sr., harness maker. Roat Samuel H. printer. Robins Charles, laborer. Rosenberg Daniel, clerk. Rosenberg Eli, painter. Russell George, farmer. Russler Joseph, farmer; Sec. 13. RUTLEDGE JOHN, of the firm of Rutledge & Matmiller, de alers in Hard ware, Tinware, Stoves, etc., Washington St ; res. Third St., cor. Clay (Hill's Addition) ; born in Canada Aug. 16, 1838 ; came to Ore gon in 1855 ; enlisted in Co. G, 74th I. V. I., in July, 1863 ; served three years ; mustered out June 10, 1865, at Nashville, Tenn.; Mr. R. taught school part of the time for two years after he came out of the army; was Deputy County Clerk from Oct., 1867, . to 1873; was Township Collector in 1868, Justice of the Peace from 1869 to 1876, and City Clerk from 1870 to 1875; he is now Secretary of the Ogle Co. Agricul tural Board ; has been engaged in hard ware business since Jan. 1, 1874; married Lucy M. Goodhue Jan. 7, 1874; she was born in Quincy. Rutledge Thomas, retired farmer. Ryseter T. A. Rystrpm John, carriage maker. OAMPSEL JAMES, laborer. Sampsel Samuel, laborer. Sanders John S. land and loan agent. Sargent H. P. contractor. SAUER MRS. EVA, Widow of Geo. S. Sauer; Farming; Sec 16; owns 70 acres, probable valuation $3,000; Mrs. Sauer was born Feb. 33, 1833, in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg ; she came to Ogle Co. in the Spring of 1857, and was mar ried June 2, 1857 ; she has four children : Nicholas, born March 20, 1858 ; Magdalene, April 13, 1860; John G., May 9, 1865, and Bernard, March 6, 1868 ; Mrs. Sauer is a member of the Catholic Church; Mr. Sauer was born in 1836 in Baden, Ger many, and died Dec. 5, 1868, in Oregon Tp; SAUER FRANK A. Farmer; Sec. 7; owns 140 acres, probable valuation $5,600 ; Mr. Sauer was born May 13, 1829, in Baden, Germany ; came to Ogle Co. in 1851 and settled in Oregon Tp. ; he was married May 19, 1856, to Catherine, daugh. ter of John Beckman, of Leaf River Tp., in this Co. ; Mrs. Sauer was born April 1, 1839, in Bevin, Germany; they have eleven children: Elizabeth, Rosa B., Joseph P., John v., George, Theresa, Magdalene, Caroline, Mathilde, Charles A. and Michael W. ; Mr. Sauer is a Democrat and a mem- ber of the Catholic Church ; Mrs. Sauer is a member of the same church. Sauer John, farmer; Sec. 6. SAUER 3aCHAEL, Farmer; Sec. 17; owns 120 acres, probable valuation $3,600; Mr. Sauer was bom May 13, 1834, in Baden, Germany ; came to Ogle Co. Oct 10, 1851, and settled in Oregon 'Tp. ; he was married Feb. 4, 1861, to Theresa, daughter' of Adam Rippbarger,of Ridott, Stephenson Co., 111. ; she was born in Jan., 1844, in Baden, Germany; they have seven chil dren : Catherine, Mary, Sophronia, Annie, Rosalia, Frank E. and Ellen; Mr. Sauer is a Democrat ; was School Director for three years ; is a member of tho Catholic Church, of which communion Mrs. Sauer is also a member. Saulisbm-y Amos, undertaker. Schneider Charles, cashier First Nat. Bank. Schneider John M. dealer in clothing. Schott William, miller. Schryrer Adam, prop. American Hotel. Sears D. C. school teacher. Sears Joseph, attorney. Seibert John B. retired farmer. Seiboltz Frank K. tenant farmer ; Sec. 10. Seweli John M. retired farmer. Seyster Isaac N. farmer. Sec. 5. Seyster John C. lawyer ; Sec. 5. SEYSTER JONAS, Justice of the Peace and Proprietor Livery Stable ; born in Washington Co., Md., Nov. 11, 1830; came with his father, Michael Seyster, to this Co. in May, 1838 ; his father died in May, 1839 ; engaged in farming until 1852; in mercantile business, etc., since; he has been Justice of the Peace several terms; served in that position from 1858 to 1866; elected again in 1875, to fill a vacancy; re elected in April, 1877 ; for several years he was Town Clerk ; "Township Collector and Assessor a number of years ; married Louisa R. Roat Dec. 16, 1858; she was born in this Co. in 1839 ; they have had eight children; the living are : Alice M., Frederick M. S., Nellie, Lulu Bell, Charles F. and Minnie Blanche; Mrs. S. is a mem ber of the M. E. Church, OGLE COUNTT DIEEOTOET: 635 SEYSTER MICHAEL, Farmer; Sec. 5 ; owns 423 acres in Oregon Tp. and 100 acres in Pine Creek Tp., probable valuation $35,566; Mr. Seyster was born July 4, 1833, in Washington Co., Md.; came to Ogle Co. in May, 1838, and settled in Oregon, where he now resides, in June, 1838; he was married Oct. 16, 1851, to Margaret A., daughter of John Ridenour, of Washington Co., Md. ; Mrs. Seyster was born Nov. 36, 1830 ; they have six chil dren: William A., born Aug. 11, 1853; John C, May 12, 1854; Isaac N., Sept. 6, 1856; Mary E., May 30, 1863; Lucy A., Feb. 9, 1866, and Daniel E., Feb. 4, 1869; lost one, Francis M., born July 13, 1860, died April 35, 1861; Mr. Seyster is a Democrat ; was School Director for three or four terms ; he is now Road Commis sioner and a member of the Ogle Co. Agri cultural Society; his father (Michael Seys ter, Sr.) was born in Washington Co., Md., Jan. 14, 1798, and died June 5,, 1847, in Oregon. Seyster William A. farmer ; Sec. 5. SHEETS BENJAMIN F. Hard. ware Dealer, whose portrait appears in this work, was born in Wattsburg, Erie Co., Penn., Oct. 6, 1832; he moved to Blackberry, Kane Co., 111., in 1844, and was engaged in farming until 1852, when he went to Mt. Morris, Ogle Co., for the purpose of attending the Rock River Seminary, from which institution he grad uated with honor in the year 1855, having been chosen by his class to deliver the valedictory adch-ess ; he then became en gaged in mercantile business and in mill ing in Mt. Morris, and continued in such until his removal to Oregon .Jan. 1, 1861, where he served as Deputy in the office of the Circuit Clerk until May, 1862, when he was elected Sheriff; he enlisted in Aug., 1862, and was mustered in as Lieutenant Colonel ofthe 92d I. V. I. on the 4th day of Aug. of same year ; upon his resigna tion, which occurred the 21st day of April, 1864, he was promoted to Brevet Brigadier General, and is at present Colonel and Aide on the personal staff ofthe commander-in- chief of the Illinois National Guard ; in Dec, 1872, he was appointed Postmaster at Oregon, which position he now holds ; he married Alice V. Hill, daughter of Mrs. F. J. Petrie, at Mt. Morris June. 35, 1855; she was born in Oregon May 33, 1836. and died Dec. 8, 1870; they had three children, one (Freddie) dead; two living: Frank D., born Oct. 35, 1858, and Fred erick H., Dec. 25, 1859 ; he married his present wife, Kate Gale, daughter of Lewis Hormell, in Oregon April 16, 1872 ; she was born at Dayton, O., Sept. 15, 1840 ; they have had five children : George Benja- min,born Jan. 17, 1873 ; Carrie Maud, Jan. 23,1874; Kate. Alice, Oct. 20, 1875, died April 4, 1876, and Horace and Homer (twins) Nov. 34, 1877. Sheldon Joel E. merchant. Shinn E. B. painter. Shipman Edgar, farmer; Sec. 11. Smith A. B. merchant. Smith E. S. laborer. Smith H. A. law student. Smith H. H. retired. I Smith John M. miller. Smith Samuel W. plasterer. Snider John B. blacksmith. Springer Isaac B. pastor of M. B. Church. Springer P. laborer. STAUFFER LEVI, Trader in Stock; Sec. 5; Mr. Stauffer was born July 34, 1848, in Butler Co., Penn., and was mar ried Aug. 27, 1873, to Eva, daughter of Samuel Shaffer, of Lawrence Co., Penn, ¦ Mrs. Stauffer was born March 8, 1856; they have two children, whose names are Sallie P., born Feb. 17, 1875, and Albert W., born Oct. 6. 1876; Mr. Stauffer came to Ogle Co. in April, 1876, and settled in Oregon, where he now resides; he is a Republican in politics. Stauger A. M. farmer ; Sec 3. Stauger J.T. retired farmer. Stearns E. Steffa Jacob, blacksmith. Stephens D. A. cooper. STEPHENS SA3IUEL R. Farmer; Sec. 5 ; owns 330 acres of land, probable valuation, $17,500 ; Mr. Stephens was born Feb. 6, 1844, in Chenango Co., N. Y. ; in the Autumn of 1856, he went to Cleveland, Ohio, where he lived for twenty years, and carried on an extensive business in the jobbing of Teas, Coffees and Spices, and also ran a spice mill there; in the Spring of 1877 he came to Ogle Co., and pur chased the beautiful farm he now resides on, from Joseph Wagner; he was married in Dec, 1866, to Abby D., daughter of Elisha Mix, Cleveland, Ohio; Mrs. Stephens was born April 9, 1848, at Henry- ville, C. E. ; Mr. S. is a member of the Republican party. Stevens Elnathan, cooper. Stevens Frank, cooper. Stoltz Charles, laborer. Stoughton Wm. laborer. Stout Daniel, plasterer. Stroh G. A. druggist. STROH REHNIUS, Druggist, cor. Washington and Fourth Sts., res. on Fifth St, Phelps' Addition ; was born in Penn sylvania; came to Oregon in 1845. Stulle Jacob, laborer. SWARTZ BENJ. of the firm of Swartz & Cross, Proprietors of Livery, Peed and Sale Stable, Fourth St., north of the Sinnissippi House ; born in Perry Co., 636 OEEGON TOWNSHIP. Pa., Feb. 12, 1840 ; came to Winnebago Co. in 1854; came to Oregon in 1871; he has been engaged in present business ever since he came here. TALMAGE CHARIiBS, clerk and short hand reporter. Tappan Benj. carpenter. Thayer Prank, clerk. Thompson M. T. laborer. Toppan Charles, carpenter. VANZILB JOHN, stone mason and plas terer. Voerill Charles. w ADE S. E. laborer. W^ADSW^ORTH REV. ERAS TUS, Preacher; Sec. 1; was born in Oneida Co., N. Y., in 1805 ; married Mary Giles in 1845; she was born in Oneida Co., N. Y, in 1813; located in this Co. in 1845 ; are members of the M. B. Church ; Mr. Wadsworth has been preaching for 33 years uninterruptedly; owns 330 acres of land, worth $13,000. Wadsworth Samuel B. principal of the Ore gon schools. Wagner Joseph, stock buyer. . WAITE CLARK G. Retired farmer; res. on cor. of Fourth and Hill Sts. ; born in Granville, Washington Co., N. Y., April 8, 1814; came to Rockvale, Ogle Co., 111., Nov. 4, 1837 ; engaged in farming un til 1877; was Road Commissioner and School Director in Rockvale; first wife was Charlotte R. Warren, of Hartford, Washington Co., N. Y. ; married June 13, 1839; she died Feb. 16. 1853; they had four children ; two died in infancy; those now living are ; Malcolm B., born in Hart ford, N. Y., April 16, 1843; Ella C, now Mrs. Joshua Seyster; born in Rockvale, Ogle Co., Sept. 14, 1848; Mr. Waite's pres ent wife was Margaret A. Austin ; married Oct. 33, 1853 ; she was born in Tompkins Co., N. Y., March 30," 1833. WAITE E. J. Retired Farmer ; res. on Fifth St, cor. Hill; born in Granville, Washington Co., N. Y., March 5, 1813; came to Rockvale, Ogle Co., in 1844; en gaged in farming until 1868, when he re moved to this place; he was the first Assessor of Rockvale after township or ganization; held various other offices while living in that township; flrst wife was Abigail Roblee, of Granville, N. Y she died May 4, 1847 ; they had three chil dren ; only one lining now, Elverton E Mansir K. was in Co. G, 74th I. V. I. ; he was killed at the battle of Kenesaw Moun tain June 37, 1864; Maiden Clark was in the 39th I. V. I. ; he was wounded near Petersburg and died fourteen days there after at Fortress Monroe, July 2, 1864; Mr. Waite's present wife was Elizabeth Benway; married March 3, 1848; she was born in Rensselaer Co., N. Y.; they have had six children ; one son, Merton J., died in 1863, aged two years; the living are: Josephine, Emma E., Sarah, Merton R. and Martha; Mrs. W. is a member of the M. E. Church. Waite M. C. laborer. Waldie John G. carpenter. Walkup S. G. butcher. Wallace S. D. lumber dealer. Wallace Wm. Washburne W. A. carpenter. Waterman James L. blacksmith. Weaver D. painter. Wells E. L. teacher. WELTY CHARLES D. of the firm of Herbert & Welty, Props, of Res taurant and Dealers in Confectionery, etc, opposite Sinnissippi House ; born in Wash ington Co., Md., Sept. 4, 1855. Welty Tyrus, shoemaker. WERTZ HERMAN, Prop. Restau- rant, etc., Washingion St., at Rock River Bridge ; born in Prussia Feb. 5, 1838 ; came to N. Y. in 1853 ; moved to Wisconsin in 1854, and to Ogle Co. in 1854; married Mary Friday Jan. 4, 1872 ; she was born > in Germany Dec. 3, 1827 ; they own a farm of 130 acres on Sec. 18, Marion Tp. ; Mr. Wertz has two sons by former marriage: Charles, born March 20, 1859, and John, Jan. 37, 1861. Wheeler S. C. Whitehead Henry, laborer. Williamson Isaac N. harness maker. Williamson M. M. harness maker. Williamson R. D. laborer. Williamson Wm. teamster. Wilson Orvis, saloon. Wilson Samuel, ex-editor. Wing Isaac, retired farmer. Wolfkill John H. laborer. WOOD LEMUEL, Parmer; Sec. 16; owns 1051-^ acres, probable valuation $4,220; Mr. Wood was born March 19, 1820, in N. Y. ; came to Ogle Co. June 1, 1844, and settled in Oregon Tp. ; he was mai-ried Jan. 12, 1848, to Isabella, daugh ter of Jacob Williams, of Ghana, Pine Rock Tp., in this Co.; Mrs. Wood was born Nov. 23, 1837, in Chester Co., Pa., and came to Ogle Co. in 1846 ; they have four children : Louania, born May 13, 1849 ; Mary A., Oct. 15, 1851 ; John J., May 35, 1854, and William A., July 35, 1858; Mr. Wood was one of the committee appointed to take away the Indians in 1845 ; Mrs. Wood is a member ofthe Baptist Church- Woodcock Albert, Co. Judge. Wooabm-n H. L. dentist. DR.JOHN ROE (OECEASCO) LIGHTHOUSE. OGLE COUNTT DIEEOTOET. 639 Woodworth Frank J. telegraph operator. Woodworth R. K. clerk. WOOLLEY ISAAC S. Retired Mer chant; born near Tuckerton, Gloucester Co., N. J., Nov. 4, 1805 ; moved to Phila delphia in 1809; remained there until 1817 ; then went to Urbana, Ohio, where he was engaged in boot and shoe business ; first came to Ogle Co. in 1836 ; removed with his family to Oregon in 1838; kept hotel from 1838 to 1839; in 1839 the County Commissioners appointed him County Treasurer ; was County Treasurer several terms ; was for many years Justice of the Peace, for a number of years doing most of the business ; during his service as Justice over 7,000 cases were brought before him; he has held various other offices ; he established the first school in the Co. under the present school law; he has always been prominently identified with the interests of the town and Co. in which he resides ; he owns a farm of 160 acres on Sec. 2, Oregon Tp. ; his wife was Elizabeth Parkinson ; they were married Dec. 25, 1838; she was born in North . Carolina in 1801, and died Feb. 4, 1871 ; they had three children ; those who are living are ; Mary E. (now Mrs. B. Brun dage), and Amanda J. (now Mrs. Daniel W. Peck); lost one son, John P., who died at the age of twenty-six years. Wooley Jno. W. shoemaker. Y OUNG WILLIAM, retired farmer. YOUNG FRANCIS J. Speculator; born near Old Chester, Delaware Co,, Pa., Oct. 33, 1847 ; came to Rochelle in 1858 ; was engaged in farming pursuits until he enlisted Jan. 5, 1864; served in the army until Sept. 4, 1865 ; for twenty months Mr. Young was engaged in produce business at Ashton, Lee Co. ; afterwards came to Oregon where he continued in same busi ness until Dec. 1, 1877. ^ELLAR HARRY, tenant farmer. Zeller Joseph H. tenant farmer. Zenone Charles, well driller. NASHUA TOWNSHIP. ALEXANDER JONAS B., P. O. Days ville. AVERILL EDWARD; Farmer; Sec. 33; P. O. Daysville; born in Upper jCanada; located in Clinton Co., N. Y., with his father when a small child, and in this Co. in 1851 ; married Sarah Ann Cole in 1836 ; she was born in Morrow Co., Ohio, in 1841; had eight children, four deceased; the living are: Frank E., Clar- ata A., Frances I., and Walter E.; are members of the Evangelical Church ; has been Class Leader in the Evangelical Asso ciation four years. Steward two years, and is Class Leader now ; owns 110 acres of land, worth $3,500. BAILEY JAMES, Farmer; Sec. 34; P. 0. Honey Creek; born in Columbus, Ohio., in 1833; married Susan B. Cham berlin in 1859 ; she was born in Genesee Co., N. Y., in 1836 ; had five children, one deceased; living are: Florence J., born Sept. 30, 1860 ; Melissa, Oct. 5, 1865 ; Adra G, Aug. 25, 1869; Anna E. Nov. 11, 1875; Mr. Bailey has been Supervisor two years ; he owns 270 acres of land, in a prosperous slate of cultivation, worth $10,800. Bennis Clinton, mechanic; Sec. 25; P. O. Daysville. Bennis George, tenant farmer; Sec. 24; P. O. Daysville. Bennis Henry, farmer; P. O. Daysville. Bennis John, farmer; P. O. Daysville. Bemis Stephen, farmer; P! O. Daysville. Bigelow Wm., Daysville. BISHOP NOAH L^ Farmer; Sec. 2; P. O. Daysville ; born in Schenectady Co., N. Y., 1821 ; came to this Co. 1838 ; mar ried Mary Ann Underbill in 1865; she was born in Canada West 1830 ; she has one son, Albert Emerson Park, by her first husband (deceased) ; she has by her pres ent husband three children , Mary Eliza beth, John Albert and Jennie M.; Mr. Bishop had one son by his flrst wife; he owns 160 acres of land, valued at $8,000 ; are members of M. B. Church. BISHOP IVM. Farmer; Sec. 37: P. O. Daysville; born in Schenectady Co., N. Y., 1817 ; came to this Co. 1837 ; married Johannah Kahil 1856; she was born in Canada West 1830; have two children: Frank J. and George F. ; owns 200 acres of land worth $10,000 ; has been Road Mas ter for three terms in this Tp. BISSELL LORENZO, Farmer; Sec 36 ; P. O. Daysville ; born in Upper Can ada, 1829 ; 16cated in this Co. 1846 ; mai-- ried Sarah Jane Rose in 1855 ; had eight children, one deceased; living are: Nelly M., born in 1859 ; Walter, 1861 ; Rose B., 1863; Bertha A., 1865; Alfred J., 1867; Mary E., 1871 ; are members of the M. E. Church; has been Road Commissioner and Town Supervisor for two terms each ; owns 140 acres of land, with unusually fine improvements. BISSELL 3IOSES, Farmer; Sec. 36; P.O. Daysville; born in Upper Canada 640 NASHUA TOWNSHIP. in 1826 ; moved to this Co. in 1847 ; married Emeline Arnold in 1859 ; was born in 1837 ; are members of the M. B. Church ; have four children : Florence Victoria, Charles Albert, Minnie Bell and Lucy Helen; owns 255 acres of land, worth $14,000; Mr. Bissell has held the office of Road Commissioner. BOYD ANN, Farm; Sees. 33 and 34; P. O. Taylor; born in Co. Tyrone, Ireland, in 1816 ; married Joseph Boyd (deceased) ; he was born in Co. Tyrone, Ireland, in 1806, and died in this Co. in 1872 ; they came from Ireland direct to this Co. in 1843; had five daughters: Bessie, Eliza A., Ellen, Emma and Josephine, three of whom are married ; Mrs. Boyd, although sixty-two years old, still displays the vigor of a woman of thirty ; under the super intendence of herself and two unmarried daughters, her farm of 200 acres is in a most flourishing condition, and is valued at $10,000. Beardon John, P. 0. Honey Creek. Brooks Seth, P. O. Honey Creek. Brooks William, P. O. Honey Creek. Buker Isiah, P. O. Daysville. Bullock D. R. farm; S. 12; P. O. Daysville. Bullock N. farm; Sec. 12; P. O. Daysville. Bullock S. farm; Sec. 12; P. O. Daysville. CARPENTER ^IVILLIS F. Farm ; Sec. 13 ; P. O. Honey Creek ; born in this Co. in 1853; married Alice C. Bates, in Dec, 1877 ; she was born in Cottage Hill (now known as Elmhurst), Du Page Co., Ill.,in 1859 ; hc owns 120 acres land, valued at $6,000; John Carpenter (deceased), father of AVillis P., came to this Co. about 1838 ; was Supervisor for ten years just prior to his death. Carrick Jno. farm ; Sec 27 ; P. O. Daysville. Chamberlin Corydon, farm ; Sec 27 ; P. O. Lighthouse. Chamberlin Hazen, farm ; Sec. 13 ; P. 0. Honey Creek. CHAMBERLIN BIAJOR, Farmer; Sec 13; P. O. Honey Creek; born in Or leans Co., Vt., in 1800 ; married Elizabeth Shed in 1851 ; she was born in Oneida Co., N. Y., in 1804; had four children, one deceased ; those living are : Lodicia, Louisa and Susan B. ; moved to Genesee Co., N. Y., in 1814, and to this Co., in 1837 ; are members of the United Brethren Church ; owns 500 acres land, valued at $20,000; Republican. Conlan Mathew, farm ; S.32 ; P. O. Daysville. Conghlin Jerry, farm ; S. 32 ; P.O. Daysville. Cook George W., P. O. Daysville. ED3IONDS HIRA3I P. Farmer; Sec. 34; P. 0. Taylor; born in this Co. in 1843 ; married Helen Waldo in 1867 ; she was born in Chautauqua Co., N. Y., in 1843; have three children: Theodate M., born in 1869; Susie M., 1870; Jay D., 1874; Mr. Edmonds and family are mem bers of the M. E. Church ; he owns a farm of 160 acres of very choice land, in a most flourishing condition, and estimated as worth $16,000; enlisted in 93d 111. Mounted V. I. in Aug., 1863, and served during the war, being in all the engagements with his Regt., except when on courier duty with his company, K., during the battles of Chicamauga and Mission Ridge, which was a post of danger and honor; the rec ord of his Regt. is in the ai-my record in this work ; he was mustered out in 1865. Edmonds John W. farmer; Sec 34; P. 0. Lighthouse. FITCH FRANK, farmer; P. O. Days ville. Fitch Peter C, P. O. Daysville. GUTHRIE J. P. farmer; Sec 38; P. 0. Daysville. HATCH REV. ALONZO PERRY, Preacher M. E. Church; Sec. 35; P. O. Lighthouse; born in Orange Co., Vt, 1830; married Clara L. Mack- instry, who was born in 1837, in Wind sor Co., Vt. ; they had six children: Gregory S., born in 1860; Hattie S., 1861; Mary W., 1863 ; Alice L. 1873 ; Florence C, 1874; Carl P., 1876; Mr. Hatch has been preaching steadily for the last twenty years ; owns a neat homestead of 80 acres, with good improvements ; he located in this Co. in 1868. TACKSON CLARENCE, -p. O. Daysville. JACKSON TVILLIA3I, Retired Merchant; Daysville; born in Roxbuiy, Mass., in 1798; married Maria Moulton; she was born in Middlesex Co., Mass. ; they had seven children : Hannah, Lousia, George, Frank, Charles aud Emily; one deceased ; owns houses and lots in Days ville; held office of Postmaster and Town Clerk for several years; have eighteen grand children and sixteen great-grand children. Jones William P. farmer; Sec 33; P. 0. Daysville. KENNEY JOHN, farmer; Sec 33; P.O. Daysville. Kenny Martin farmer ; Sec. 33 ; P. O. Days ville. Kenney Michael farmer; Sec. 33; P. 0. Daysville. Keys Frank, P. O. Daysville. Keyes Joseph B., P. O. Daysville. KEYES WILLIA3I J. Farmer; Sec 15; P. p. Daysville; born in OGLE OOUNTT DIEEOTOET . 641 Fauquier Co., Va., in 1811; located in Perry Co., O., in 1881, and in Franklin Co., O., 1833, and in this Co. in 1838 ; mar ried Sarah Ann Williams in 1833; she was born in Franklin Co.,. O., Dec. 31, 1815; they had twelve children (six deceased); living: Emily Jane, Ann Eliza, Sarah Isabel, Rebecca Adelaide, John Franklin and Alice Caroline; he and his family are members of the M. E. Church; Mr. Keyes has been an active member of the community in which he moves ; he has filled the several offices of Coroner, Justice of the Peace, the latter for twenty-four years. Constable twelve years. Town Clerk, Assessor, School Trustee and Road Commissioner; he has been a member of the church forty-three years ; he is Coroner at the present time. T ANB NEWTON, P. O. Honey Creek. Lighthizer Robert, P. O. Daysville. M cCLOUD M., P. O. Daysville. McCloud Newton, P. O. Daysville. McCloud Stephen, P. O. Daysville. McCue Thomas, P. O. Daysville. McKenney Bradford, farmer ; Sec. 33; P. 0. Daysville. Malarky Jas. farmer ; Sec. 35 ; P.O.Daysville. / Malarky Jas. farmer ; Sec. 36 ; P.O.Daysville. Malarky Patrick C. farmer; Sec. 33; P.O. Taylor. MABSH B. F. March Frank W. farmer; Sec. 34; P. O. Daysville. Merritt George, P. O. Daysville. NETTLETON JAMES, farmer; Sec 35; P. O. Honey Creek. NEWTON ADDISON, Physician; Sec. 13 ; P. O. Honey Creek; born in Red ding, Windsor Co., Vt., in 1816 ; moved to Susquehanna Co., Pa., in 1830 ; and to this Co. in 1855; married Polly Butterfield; she was born in Susquehanna Co., Pa , in 1833 ; had seven children, four of whom are deceased ; the living are : Frances C, Sherman N., U. S. Grant; Dr. Newton has practiced medicine for 35 years; he en listed in 46th I. V. I. in Sept., 1861 ; mus tered out in 1863 ; had charge of the Mili tary Hospital at Dixon part of the time he was in the service ; he came home on short leave of absence to see his children, who were on their death-bed ; he received an order to join his regiment, which he promptly obeyed ; two of his children died immediately after he bid them good-bye. Newton Wm. J., Oregon. TDATTISON JOHN, P. O. Oregon. PEABODY RUEL, Farmer; Sec. 38 ; P. 0 Daysville ; born in Sullivan Co., N. H., in 1806 ; moved to this Co. May 38, 1836; married Maria M. Newton in 1841; she was born in 1813 in Windsor Co., Vt. ; have had three children, two deceased ; one living, Emma; has been Road Commis sioner several terms ; owns 330 acres land, worth $16,000; Mr. Peabody has on his premises the oldest frame barn erected in this Co. ; it is in good rejiair now. PLANTZ 3IICHAEL B. Farmer; Sec. 36 ; P. O. Daysville ; born in Monf^ gomery Co., N. Y., in 1800 ; located in'this Co. in 1840; married Ruth Nettleton in 1835 ; she was born in Canada; had eight children, three deceased ; living: Timothy, William, Catherine, Emily, Almedia; are members of M. B. Church; owns 228 acres land, worth $13,000; he would sell his farm, as his children are all married ; it is a desirable farm; they have twenty-one grandchildren and five great-grandchil dren. PlumBdwin, farmer; Sec. 26; P. O. Days ville. RANSOM ONLBY, farmer; Sec. 13; P. O. Oregon. Reed Aaron, P. O. Lighthouse. REED GEORGE M. Merchant and Postmaster, Daysville; born in Gilsum, N. H., in 1836; came to this Co. in 1840; married Myra McLeod ; she was born in Ohio ; are members of the M. B. Church ; two children : Frank B. and Alice E. ; has been Postmaster for four years, Town Clerk four terms, Collector seven years. School Director fourteen years; owns resi dence and store, thirteen town lots, and eight acres of land in Daysville, valued at $11,500. Reed John L. Daysville. REED VIRGIL E. Parmer; Sec. 13; P. O. Honey Creek; born in this Co. in 1841; married Harriet D. Carpenter, in 1 866 ; have four children : Leon A., Eleanor v., Ernest 0. and Orin O. ; enlisted in 34th I. V. I., Aug. 33, 1861 ; re-enlisted as vet eran Dec. 33, 1863 ; was in every engage ment with his Regt., except from Dec 31, 1863, till June; 1863, while he was a pris oner of war in Richmond, Va., having been captured at Murfreesboro, Tenn., Dec. 31, 1863; was slightly wounded in the left hand ; mustered out July 12, 1865 ; owns 100 acres land, valued at $5,000, and rents 100 acres ; they are members of the M. B. Church ; he is a Republican, and a member of the Masonic order. Reese D. E., P. 0. Daysville. Rutlege Frank, P. O. Daysville. Rutlege Harry, P. O. Daysville. Rutlege John, P. O. Daysville. 642 OGLE COUNTT DIEEOTOET: SANFORD NEWTON, tenant farmer; Sec 39; P. O. Lighthouse. Saulsbury Lyman, laborer; Sec 14; P. O. Daysville. Scott Wm. farm ; Sec. 35 ; P. O. Oregon. Skelly Hugh, farm ; Sec. 39 ; P. O. Daysville SMITH WEBSTER C. Farmer; Sec. 35; P.O.Oregon; born in Marshall, Oneida Co., N. Y., April 6, 1841 ; came with his parents to Du Page Co., III., when 18 months old; he enlisted, July, 1861, in Co. A, 53d I. V. I.; served until July, 1862, when he was discharged on account of disability; he was at the battle of Shiloh both days; married Elizabeth, daughter of John W. Edmunds, who came to this Co. in 1839 ; she died Nov. 16, 1873 ; they had one child, who died in infancy; present wife was Clara D. Aid- rich ; married Jan. 1, 1875 ; she was born in Cass Co., Mich. ; they have two chil dren, Harriet E. and Arthur W. ; Mr. and Mrs. S. are members of the M. B. Church. ¦STEWART TH03IAS, Farmer; Sec. 33 ; P. O. Daysville ; born in Tyrone Co., Ireland, Oct. 5, 1836 ; married Mar garet Snider; she was born in Quincy Co., Pa., in 1826 ; have nine children : Georgella, Katie, Mar}\ Lenora, Prank T., Alexeana, Senalalia, Walter and Willis ; located in this Co. in 1847; are members of the Lu theran Church ; has been School Director several terms ; owns 300 acres land, worth $30,000, known as the " Spring Hill Dairy Farm," a brand of butter well known and appreciated, in Chicago for its purity, sweetness and excellent flavor; the depot for this butter in Chicago is 104 and 106 South Water St., E. Todd & Co., agents ; he is erecting a dairy house on the most improved plan, aud has 45 head of high- grade shorthorns ; ho produced about 6,000 pounds of gilt-edge butter this season; when the best grades of other manufac turers were sellingfor 30 cents, the "Spring Hill Farm'' butter brought from 33 to 35 cents per pound; the facilities of the "Spring Hill Farm" for producing a high grade of butter are unexceptionable. 'npHOMAS JAMES C, P. O. Daysville. Tower G. P., P. O. Daysville. ILLIAMS RALPH, P. 0. Daysville. w Williams William T., P. O. Daysville. Wilson A. farm ; Sec. 36 ; P. O. Lighthouse. Wilson P. farm; Sec. 26; P. O. Lighthouse, Westbrook James L. Wood Alonzo, farm ; Sec. 33 ; P. O. Daysville. WILLIAMS GEORGE, Farmer; residence and P. O. Daysville; born in Co. Cork, Ireland, in 1794; married Chris tine Blair; she was born in Schenectady Co., N. Y. ; have eight children: John, Joseph B., Margaret, George, Ellen, Dan iel, Eliza and William T. ; William T. en- listed in the 34th I. V. I., Dec. 33, 1863, and served to the close of the war ; par ticipated in the following battles with his Regt. : Mission Ridge, ftocky Face, Res aca, Rome, Dallas, Kenesaw Mountain, Peach Tree Creek, siege of Atlanta, and Jonesboro, Ga. Warner Samuel, P. O. Daysville. Weatberington Andrew, farm ; Sec. 36 ; P. 0. Ashton. Weatberington John, farm; Sec. 36; P. 0. Ashton . Weltz C. C, P. O. Daysville. Wilkison Boyd, P. O. Oregon. Williams Daniel, P. O. Daysville. WHITE ROCK TOWNSHIP. B ALLEN E. P. doctor; Sec. 3; P. O. Hoi- comb. Allen Eben, farmer ; Sec 36 ; P. O. Rochelle. Allen Henry, farm ; Sec. 36 ; P. O. Rochelle. Allen Moses, farm ; Sec. 36 ; P. O. Rochelle. AILY JOSEPH E. farmer; Sec. 34; P. O. Rochelle. BAILEY WILLIA3I B. Farmer; Sec. 38;, P. O. Kings: born Nov 20, 1840, in Ottawa, Canada ; came to Ogle Co. in 1860, and removed to his present farm in 1875; rents 120 acres; married Rebecca Oakes March 4, 1867 ; she was born April 3, 1843, and died March 29, 1874; they had four children, three now living : Mattie B., Hiram C. and Geo. O., who was an infant when his mother died, and his father gave him to Wm. H. Dresser, who adopted him; second marriage was to Mrs. Elizabeth Jones March 2, 1875 ; she was born April 18, 1843, in South Wales; she had four cildren by first marriage: Anna E., John; T., Ella M. and Jennie; her maiden name was Elizabeth Davis; are members of the Congregational Church; he is a Republican. BAIN JOHN, Farmer; Sees. 38, 33 and 34; P. O. Rochelle: born May 20, 1835, in Scotland ; came to Ogle Co. with his par ents iu July, 1847; owns 340 acres, valued at $70 per acre ; married Rosa Day, only daughter of Col. Day, late of Daysville; he was born in Keene, N. H., Aug. 19, 1797; and died at Daysville April 15, 1867 ; Col. Day was a volunteer soldier in the War of 1813, was the first Assessor of the Town of Daysville, which bears his name ; Mrs. Day was born in Mass. Aug. 6, 1814, and still lives at her old home- WHITE EOCK TOWNSHIP. 643 stead in Daysville; Mrs. Bain was born May 31, 1888, in Daysville, Ogle Co. ; she was married Dec. 31, 1857 ; they have flve children: Blanche B., born Jan. 20, 1857; Lulu R., June 10 1861 ; Victor H., Oct. 34, 1863; J. D., Aug. 10, 1867; John A., Dec. 20, 1874; Mr. B's father was born in .Scot land, and died in Rochelle in his 80th year ; his mother was born in Scotland in 1795, and died in Dec, 1872, at her daughter's . (Mrs. Whitehead). Baughort George, carpenter ; Sec. 9 ; P. O. White Rock. BENNER ADAM, Farmer; Sec 10; P. O. White Rock ; born April 17, 1836, in Northumberland Co., Pa.; went to Ly coming Co. in 1831; removed to White Rock in 1855, and settled on his present farm in 1863 ; owns 63 acres, valued at $50 per acre; married Rebecca Bailey Sept. 14, 1855 ; she was born in 1836 in Lycoming Co., Pa., and died June 17, 1869; has four children by this marriage: Sarah, Christiana (now Mrs. Doebler) Dora and Ida; his second marriage was to Jo anna Dettmas in Nov., 1870; she was born in 1844 in Germany ; had three children, two living: Mary and Frank; Mrs. B. is a member of the Lutheran Church ; Mr. B. is a member of the German Reformed Church. Benner Geo. farm; S. 10; P. O. White Rock. BENNER JOHN F. Parmer; Sec. 36 ; P. O. Rochelle ; born July 6, 1835, in Europe; came to Niagara Co., N. Y., in 1838, with his parents; removed to Ste phenson Co. in 1834; came to White Rock in 1838 ; owns 100 acres, valued at $50 per acre; married Sarah Shapbell Feb. 10, 1855 ; she was born Dec. 3, 1834, in Ly coming Co., Pa.; have six children: Mar garet B., Warren H., John E., Jeannette, Minnie J. and George A. ; Mr. B. is School Director, has been Overseer of Highways ; is a Republican. BILSBO ROUGH ABNER J. Farmer; Sec. 28; P. O. Kings; born Feb. 13, 1838, in Warren Co., Pa. ; in 1859 went to Minn, and engaged in hunting and trap ping, and on one occasion was lost and remained without food for 72 hours, the thermometer being 40 degrees below zero ; came to White Rock in 1860, and worked by the month for two years; ihen engaged in trading in lands till 1872, when he set tled on his present farm ; owns 130 acres, valued at $55 per acre ; married Mary A. Mayberry Oct 8, 1863 ; she was born Oct. 38, 1833, in Warren Co., N. J.; had six children, five now living: Delmer M., Eva M., Hattie B., Herbert A. and Alme- dah A.; Nellie B. was born Aug. 11, 1869, and died Jan. 19, 1877 ; Mr. B. is a member of the White Rock Centre Congregational Church ; his wife is a member of the M. E. Church ; he has been Road Commis sioner and School Director; is independ ent in polilics. BLACKMAN F. Loan and Note Bro ker and Dealer in Real Estate ; Sec. 36 ; P. O. Rochelle; born April 11, 1832, in Bradford Co., Pa. ; remained there until 1852, when he removed to this Tp. ; owns 240 acres land, valued $50 per acre, 1,120 acres in Neb. valued at $5 per acre, and 80 acres in Iowa valued at $10 per acre; married Ethleen Gillett, May 34, 1869; she was born Sept. 37, 1844, in Bradford Co., Pa. ; have three children : Sarah Maud, Otis E. and Blanche ; Mr. B. repre- sei|ted the Town of White Rock as a member of the Board of Supervisors ; has been School Director and Road Commis sioner ; has traveled extensively over Eu rope, Egypt and the Holy Land ; the most of his travels have been published in the Ogle County Begister. B003I W3I. Farmer; Sec. 4; P. O. Holcomb ; born Oct. 8, 1813, in Jefferson Co., N. Y.; in 1855 came to Beloit, Wis., and in 1861 came to White Rock ; in 1864 settled on his present farm; owns 111 acres valued at $50 per acre; married Caroline Randall Jan. 3, 1837; she was born Sept. 11, 1813, in Oneida Co., N.Y., and died May 10, 1845; had three children, two living; Xenophen W., born Oct. 6, 1837, Stanley C, July 20, 1843; second marriage to Mrs. Cvnthia Spaulding, for merly Cynthia Wheeler, Jan. 31, 1846; she was born Jan. 1, 1819, in Jefferson Co., N. Y. ; have five children by this marriage : Chas. D., born Oct. 16, '46, Caroline A., (now Mrs. Talbot), Oct. 18, '49, Jas. A., Jan. 37, '53, Hamilton W., Sept. 11, '54, Clarence G., May 17, '63 ; Mrs. B. had two children by first marriage, one living : Adelia M. Spaulding; is a Democrat; Chas. D. enlisted and served about nine months in the late war ; Mrs. B. is a mem ber of the M. E. Church. Boom W. H. farm. ; Sec. 4 ; P. O. White Rock. Bower J. Q. farm ; Sec. 9 ; P. O. White Rock. Bower W. farmer ; Sec. 9 ; P. O. White Rock. Bower W. K. farmer ; Sec. 16 ; P. O. Kings. Brett W. farmer; Sec. 34; P. O. Rochelle. Buecis A. F. farmer ; Sec. 30 ; P. O. Rochelle CASLBR WILLIAM, farmer; Sec 13; P. O. Holcomb. CA3IPBELL 31ABTIN S. Farmer; Sec. 4; P. O. Holcomb; born July 3, 1838, near Toronto, Canada; in 1838 came to Ogle Co., and settled on his present farm in 1855 ; owns 380 acres, valued at $50 per acre and 40 acres in Iowa valued at $15 per acre; married Elizabeth B. Sechler, Dec 30, 1855 ; she was born Oct. 33, 1839, in Lycoming Co., Pa.; have six children: Sarah M., born Sept 30, 1856, Jessie P., May 33, 1858, Jno: A., April 31, I860, Jas. A May 33, 1862, Cora E., March 9, 1868, and Harriet B.. Feb. 28. 1871; is an Ad- ventist; Republican; his father was Gen- 644 OGLEI count* DIEElOTOItT; eral of a company formed to capture the Driscols ; it has been stated that he was Captain, wliich is not the case; he was shot by these banditti; they wanted to break up the company by shooting their leader. Chaney C. farm; Sec 6; P. O. White Rock. CHANEY WILLIA3I D. Farmer; Sec 6; P. O. White Rock; bom in Harri son Co., Va., in 1826; married Caroline Rhodes, in ]3vron, III.; she was born in Cayuga Co., JST. Y., Aug. 37, 1833; have four children: Charles B., Frank B., Willie and Eddie ; has 400 acres of land, valued at $35,000; came to this Co. in April, 1837, and settled near his present estate ; went 60 miles to get 20 bushels of corn, and 30 miles to mill to get it ground, it being the first food they had afier con suming the provisions they brought with them; has carried thousands of bushels of wheat to Chicago and sold it at twenty- five cents per bushel, and has otherwise experienced all the hardships of early pioneer life. Cheshire J. M. farm ; Sec. 1 ; P. O. Holcomb. CHESHIRE 3IICHAEL, Farmer; Sec. 1; P. O. Holcomb; born Dec. 17, 1815, in Hampshire Co., Va. ; in 1837 came to Franklin Co., Ohio, and in '39 came to White Rock Grove ; settled on his present farm in 1850; owns 166 acres, valued at $50 per acre ; married Margaret J. McAl- ister Jan. 2, 1843, at Mt. Morris, 111. ; she was born in Ireland, March 20, 1833 ; had five children, four living: R. M., Jno. M., Mary L. (now Mrs. Grassnickel), and Minnie V. (now Mrs. Perry) ; he is a Re publican; has been Road Commissioner, School Director and Trustee; Mrs. C. came to 111. with Mrs. Irving and family in 1837 ; he was the first Methodist minis ter in the Town of Byron. Cheshire R. M.farm; Seel; P.O. Holcomb. CLARK DANIEL, Farmer; Sees. 17 and 18 ; P. O. White Rock ; born July 34, 1814, in Lycoming Co., Pa. ; in 1833 came with his parents to Trumbull Co., Ohio ; in 1849 came to Ogle Co. and settled on his farm in Marion ; owns 133 acres, val ued at $50 per acre ; married Mary Oakes Nov. 3, 1843 ; she was born in Lycoming Co.,, Pa., April 18, 1812, and died Feb. 17, 1852 ; had three children, one living : Mary A., now living in Ohio; second marriage to Mrs. Ann Rhodes, Oct. 14, '58 ; she was born Nov. 18, 1827, in Cayuga Co., N. Y. ; have three children by this marriage; Bertha V., Mattie F. and Albert L. ; Mrs. C.'s maiden name was Guile; members of Presbyterian Church ; he is also a member of the session ; Sarah M. was Mrs. McGin- nis, born in Trumbull Co., Ohio, April 20, 1844, died Aug. 27, '75, and buried at Paine's Point; Mrs. Emma Buchanan, born Jan. 25, '49, and died Oct. 3, '76, in Ohio. CLENDENAN HENRY, Parmer; Sec. 10; P. O. White Rook; born Jan. 21, 1829, in Canada; in 1856 came to his present farm; owns 120 acres valued at $50 per acre ; married Mary Ann Rasen April, 1858; she was born Oct 13, 1820, in Canada; they had two children: one living, Mary E., born Nov. 23, 1855 ; Mrs. C. is a member of the Christian Church ; he has been School Director ; is Independ ent or Greenbacker. Clark Morris A. farmer; Sec. 32; P. 0. Rochelle. DAHLRYMPLE ALBERT, farmer; Sec. 21; P. O.Kings. Dahlrymple J. farmer; Sec. 21 ; P. O. Kings. Dentler George R. farmer; Sec. 17; P. 0. White Rock. DENTLER JOHN K. Merchant; Davis Junction; P. O. White Rock; born March 3, 1813, in Northumberland Co., Pa. ; in 1854 came to White Rook, and settled on his present farm in 1864; Sec. 16 ; he owns 385 acres valued at $50 per acre; married Marietta Flick Nov. 6, 1837 ; she was born July 7, 1816, in North umberland, Co., Pa.; they had eight children, five living : Stephen P., Oran S., John S., George P. and Sarah Lydia; members of the Lutheran Church; Stephen F. enlisted in Co. A., 3d Regt. I. V. C. ; served three years and was honor ably discharged; engaged in battles at Shiloh, Fort Donelson, Petersboro, in the Siege of the Red River Expedition and others. Dentler John S. farmer; Sec. 16; P. 0 White Rock. DIEHL ANDREW, Farmer; Sec. 7; P. O. White Rock; born June 37,. 1844, in Bedford Co., Pa. ; in 1854 came to Mt Morris, and in 1869 removed to White Rock; rents 100 acres of land from his father-in-law; married Hannah J. Roder mel Sept. 13, 1870; she was born in Ogle Co. in 1851; they have two children: Arilla A., born Oct. 29, 1873; Martha E., born May, 1874 ; they are members of the Baptist Church ; Republican; enlisted in Co. D., 92d Regt. Illinois Mounted lafantry; served three years and was honorably discharged; participated in thirty-three engagements, among which were, Chicamauga, Siege of Atlanta, Kilpatrick's raid round Atlanta, Jones boro, Sherman's March to the Sea, and through the Carolinas. Doctors. E. farmer; Sec. 8; P. O. White Rock. DOCTOR SA3IUEL, Justice of the Peace ; Sec. 8 ; P. O. White Rock ; born March 10, 1820, in Muncy, Lycoming Co., Pa; in 1851 came to White Rock; he owns 370 acres valued at $50 per acre; married Barbara Benner Oct. 5, 1843 ; she WaiTE EOCK TOWNSHIP. 645 was born April 30, 1819, in Northumber land Co., Pa.; they had seven chil dren; six living; John B. and Jacob are twins, Elizabeth Ann (now Mrs. Francis), Clara J. (now Mrs. Dr. Allen), Samuel E. and Mary K. ; they are mem bers of the Baptist Church; Mr. D. has held the office of Justice of the Peace about eighteen years ; he is also Notary Public ; he has been Supervisor for several years. DOEBLEB HENRY, Farmer; Sees. 3 and 10 ; 'P. O. White Rock ; born Sept. 17,1812, in Pa.; in 1816 came with his parents to Northumberland Co. ; in 1836 came to Lycoming Co.; settled on his present farm in 1857 ; owns 160 acres valued at $50 per acre; married Sarah Born March, 1839 ; she was born in Feb., 1820, in Lycoming Co., Pa.; they have seven children: Jacob, Elizabeth (now Mrs. Harteman), Mary S. (now Mrs. Hagner), Ellen (now Mrs. Rice), Peter, John and Martin ; members of the Union Church. Dobler J. farmer; Sec. 10; P. O. Holcomb. Doebler P. farmer; Sec 10; P. O. Holcomb. EASTMAN FREDERICK, farmer; Sec. 10; P. O. Holcomb. Eden Mano, farmer ; Sec 23; P. O. Kings. Edgar W. farmer ; Sec. 30 ; P. O. Rochelle. Elfrink J. B. minister; Sec 9; P. O. White Rock. Elliot Julius C. farmer and stock ; Sec. 13 ; P. 0. Kings. ENGELKES IVILKE, Farmer; Sec. 9 ; P. O. White Rock ; born February 3, 1836, in Germany ; came to New York in 1864, and the same year removed to Paine's Point; in 1866 came to his present farm; he owns 313 acres, valued at $45 per acre; married Mrs. Catharine Manson April 3, 1866 ; she was born Nov. 14, 1840, in Germany; her maiden name was Hai-ms ; she had two children by first mar riage: Anna, born Nov. 13,1861; Henry, Jan. 11, 1864; have three children by sec ond marriage : Andrew W., June 36, 1869 ; W esley H., Feb. 35, 1873; Jennie S., Dec. 5, 1875; is a member of the Reform Church. Euchre Isaac, farmer ; Sec. 33 ; P. O. Ro chelle. FIELDS JOSEPH, farmer; Sec. 33; P. 0. Rochelle. Francis Walter, farm; Sec 31; P. O. White Rock. Preerksen Henry, farmer; Sec. 9; P. O. White Rock. GARD HO USE EDWARD, Farmer; Sec. 36; P. O. Rochelle; born April 18, 1822, in England, and came to Canada with his parents in 1883, and in 1854 came to Ogle Co. ; he owns 340 acres valued at $60 per acre ; married Priscilla E. Humberstone Sept 8, 1847; she was born Feb. 14, 1833, in Canada; had five children, two living ; Amelia A., now Mrs. McConaughty, and Jeannette S., he is a member of the Episcopal Church, but attends the M. E. Church, there being no Episcopal Church here; is school direc tor; Republican. Gibson John, farmer ; Sec. 20 ; P. O. Kings. GIBSON SA3IUEL, Farmer; Sec 30; P. O. Kings; born Jan. 4, 1838, in Scot land, and came to Ogle Co. in 1860, and settled on same section; he owns 410 acres, valued at $55 per acre; married Margaret Adamson July 29, 1847 ; she was born Sept. 5, 1837, in Scotland; had twelve children, eight living; Jane, now Mrs. Haselton ; Agnes, John, James, Wil liam, Robert, Isabella, and Samuel; are members of the Presbyterian Church; is a Republican. Glinderman Heniy, laborer; Sec. 37; P.O. Kings. Goetz Geo. farmer; Sec. 4; P. O. Holcomb. Goetz Jacob, farm ; Sec. 4 ; P. O. Holcomb . Goldenbaum Jacob, farmer; Sec. 3; P. O. Holcomb. GBANT H. L. Farmer; Sec. 19; P. O. Paine's Point; born Nov. 19, 1833, in Can ada; in 1833 came to Erie Co., Penn.; in 1839 came to Michigan ; in 1845 came to Ogle Co., and the following year settled on his present farm ; owns 350 acres, val ued at $50 per acre; married Mary C. Bowen ; she was born Feb. 1, 1839, in Hope Tp., Canada; have three children: Flora J., born May 33, 1859; Willis S., June 30, 1861; and George L., Feb. 38, 1867; have an adopted child: Emma J. Sperry, born March 32, 1863; they are members of the M. E. Church ; has been school director ; is a Democrat. Grassniekle Charles, farmer; Sec. 1; P. O. Holcomb. HAIN GEORGE, farmer; Sec. 36; P. O. Rochelle. Hain Geo. farmer; Sec. 32; P. O. Kings. Hain Joseph, farmer; Sec. 3; P. O. Hol comb. Hare Lewis, teamster; Sec 9; P. 0. White Rock. Harleman Joseph F. farmer; Sec 10; P. O. White Rock. Harmes John, farmer; Sec. 13; P. O. White Rock. Haselton Harvey, farm; S. 30; P. O.Kings. Haselton Jos. farmer ; Sec. 30 ; P. O. Kings. HASELTON RICHARD, Farmer; Sec 80; P. O. Kings: born Jan. 24, 1829, in Chemung Co., N. Y. ; in 1848 came to this Co. and settled on Sec. 3, Paine's 646 OGLE COUlJTT DIEEOTOET: Point ; in 1859 removed to his present farm ; he owns 604 acres, valued at $60 per acre, and 80 in Butler Co., Iowa, valued at $15 per acre; married Helen M. Curtis Nov. 11, 1868 ; she was born Sept. 39, 1844, in Hope Tp., Canada; have four children: David C, born March 35, 1870; Dick True, Dec. 30, 1873; Clymene, Aug. 25, 1875, and Leo Guy, July 33, 1877. Hathaway Robert, merchant ; White Rock. HATHA^VAY SI3IEON, Farmer; Sec. 8; P. O. White Rock; born Dec. 35, 1847, in White Rock ; he owns 33 acres of land, valued at $50 per acre; married Rosa A. Schirmerhorn Jan. 30, 1874; she was born in Roscoe, Wis., June 7, 1856 ; have two children ; Stephen A., born Oct. 9, 1875; Ruby M., Oct 8, 1876; Overseer of Highways. Hayes E. C. farmer; Sec. 37; P. O. Kings. Hayes Frank, farmer ; Sec. 37 ; P. O. Kings. HAYES DAVID H. Farmer; Sec 36; P. O. Rochelle; born May 24, 1830, in Licking Co., Ohio ; came with his parents to White Rock and settled on his present farm in 1863; owns 130 acres, valued at $50 per acre ; married Mary A. Rice March 5, 1856 ; she was born June 33, 1839, in Allegany Co., N. Y. ; had five children ; four living; Anna B., Charlie M., Alice A., and George H. ; is a Republican ; they are members of the M. E. Church ; is Justice of the Peace ; has been Commissioner of Highways, Town Assessor and Collector, School Trustee and Director ; his father came to this Tp. in 1839, being one of the earliest settlers. HAYES HIRAM, Farmer; Sec. 33; P. O. Kings; born July 38, 1833, in Lick ing Co., Ohio; in 1889, came with his parents to Ogle Co. and settled in Marion, and removed to his present farm in 1856 ; he owns 780 acres, valued at $50 per acre, and 480 acres in Nebraska, valued at $5 per acre; married his flrst wife, Margaret Campbell, Feb. 7, 1849 ; she was born Dec. 7, 1883, and died Jan. 13, 1850 ; had one child, Margaret M., now Mrs. Lewis ; Mrs. H. was a daughter of Mr. Campbell, who was shot by the Driscols ; he was Captain of the company which was formed to cap ture these (mtlaws, and for this reason they wished to break up the company, by shoot ing the captain, as in other places they had broken up companies in this way; Mr. H. was one of the parties who took an active part in the capture and conviction of the Driscols; his second marriage was April 9, 1853, to Elizabeth Brown; she was born Dec. 7, 1837, in Licking Co., Ohio; had eleven children; seven living; Mary E., Lucretia J., Hiram Cliflbrd, James N., William V., Avery R. and Charlotte Bell; they are members of the M. B. Church ; is a Republican. HAYES JOHN, Farmer; Sees. 4, 5 and 6; P. O. White Rock; born July 2, 1851, in Morris Co., N. J. ; came to Licking Co., Ohio, in 1817; went to Mississippi, Louisi- ana, Arkansas, etc., in 1837, and came to Ogle Co. and settled in his present locality in 1841 ; he owns 800 acres, val ued at $70 per acre, and 380 acres in Cass Co., Iowa, valued at $15 per acre ; married Abbie Weeks May 4, 1843 ; she was born Nov. 10, 1834, in Ohio, and died Oct 29, 1865; had flve children by this marriage; Henry M., born Aug. 16, 1844; Harriet E., May 13, 1846; Sarah J., Dec 30, 1857; Gilbert M., Aug. 12, 1853, and John C. F., June 26, 1856 ; his second marriage was to Maria Caster April 18, 1867 ; she was born in 1834 in Licking Co., Ohio, and died March 8, 1870; had one child by this mar riage, Elmer Grant, born May 3, 1869; third marriage to Lovisa Jane Sears March 23, 1871 ; she was born Oct. 13, 1840, in N. Y. ; had two children ; Geo. D., born Feb. 14, 1873, died Sept. 39, 1873; Ira N., born Nov. 3, 1873 ; is an Adventist ; Repub- _ lioan ; has been Justice of the Peace, Con- ' stable and School Director ; he commenced building his present residence in 1858, and flnished it in 1861 ; it is built of lime and sandstone, and is supposed to be fire proof; it is the only house of the kind in this Tp. ; Daniel Collins, of New York City, was the architect and builder; the stone for the construction of this residence came from Marion, Fox River, Walnut Grove and Paine's Point Haymaker J. farm ; Sec. 35 ; P. O. Rochelle. Haymaker S. farm ; Sec. 35 ; P. O. Rochelle. Hill J. farmer; Sec. 10; P. 0. Holcomb. Hubbard Clarke, farmer; Sec 25; P. 0. Rochelle. Hubbard William, farmer; Sec. 25; P. 0. Rochelle. JAMES HENRY, farmer; Sec. 16; P. 0. Kings. James John, farmer ; Sec. 16 ; P. 0. Kings. JAMES LEWIS, Farmer; Sec. 16; P. O. Kings ; born Oct. 1, 1819, in Parish of Llandersylio, South Wales ; came with his parents to Utica, N. Y. in 1831, and came to Ogle Co. and settled in White Rock Tp. in 1842; he owns 340 acres valued at $60 per acre ; his father died in White Rock, aged 63 years; his mother died in Kane Co., aged 70 years ; married Hannah K., daughter of John Campbell, and widow of Obediah Lind.'-ey, in White Rock, July 18, 1847 ; she was born in Can ada, Sept 33, 1823; have six children; John D., born July 3, 1848; Phineas C, Dec. 17, 1849; Margaret Ann, June 26, 1851 ; Henry Lewis, June 4, 1855 ; Louisa Maria, Sept 4, 1859 ; Martha Sabina, Sept 23, 1861; members of the Congregational Church. , Jones Arthur, farm; Sec. 4; P. O. Holcomb. Jones Dan'l W. farm ; S. 3 ; P. O. Holcomb. Jones Fred, farmer; Sec. 20; 0. 0. Kings. WHITE BOOK TOWNSHIP. 647 Jones Lewis, farm; Sec. 4; P. O. Holcomb. Jones L. W. Sr., farm; S. 3; P. O. Holcomb. Jones L. W. Jr.,fai-m; S. 3; P. O. Holcomb. KENDALL LEVI, Jr., farmer; Sec. 24; P. 0. Kings. KING C. T. Farmer and Stock Raiser; Sec. 91; P. O. Kings; born Feb. 11, 1836, in Worcester Co., Mass. ; in 1843 came to Yates and Steuben Co., N. Y., and in 1846 removed to Ogle Co., and settled with his father in the Town of Marion; in 1859 removed to Taylor Co., Iowa ; remained two years, and then returned to Marion Tp., and same Fall settled on his present farm ; he owns 272 acres, valued at $60 per acre ; married Martha Wadsworth Sept. 2, 1861 ; she was born in Boone Co., May 29, 1847 ; have eight children ; Helen A., Roddy W., Lottie B., Flora M., Lewis E., Aria A., Hattie J., and Charles C. ; they are mem bers of the Congregational Church ; is a Greenbacker. KING JOHN M. School Teacher and Farmer; Sec. 32; P. O. Kings; born April 17, 1840, in Hampshire Co., Mass ; came to Yates and Steuben Co., in 1843; re moved to Ogle Co. in 1846, and settled on his present farm in 1867 ; he owns 90 acres, valued at $60 per acre; married Mary Longsdon Feb. 16, 1867; she was born July 23, 1845, in Whiteside Co., Ill ; he en listed Aug. 9, 1862, in Co. B, 92d Illinois Mounted Infantry ; served three years and was honorably discharged; participated in thirty-three engagements, among which were Chicamauga, siege of Atlanta, Kil- patsick's raid around Atlanta, Jonesboro, Sherman's March to the Sea, etc., and through the Carolinas ; is independent in politics ; attended the National Independ ent Greenback Convention held at Indian apolis, in May, 1876 ; took the stump and advocated the election of Peter Cooper; claimed that the specie basis monetary system was a fraud and failure — that all the bank bills known as "wild cat," "stump tail," and " shinplaster " curren cies, and all the flnancial panics that end ed in 1861, belonged exclusively to that system and none other ; he claimed that the U. S. bonds should be paid according to the original contract, in the same kind of money ; that they were purchased with greenbacks ; that subsequent laws chang ing the contract were wrong; that the bond-holder was no better than the mus- ket^holder; claimed that any civilized state or nation that would issue its treas ury notes (greenbacks) and make them a legal tender for all debts, with no excep tions would circulate at par with coin; he pointed to six historical examples for proof, amnng which was $60,000,000 thus issued at the commencement of our late war that circulated from the beginning to the end, at par with gold ; held it to be the imperative duty of government to put its stamp and impress upon, and issue all the money out of whatever material made, in cluding gold, silver, copper, nickel, and greenback paper. " That bank bills ought to be for ever suppressed and the circula tion restored to the nation to whom it constitutionally belongs." King Richard M. farm; S. 21 ; P. O. Kings. KING W3I. H. Farmer, Stock and Gen eral Dealer; Sec. 27; P. O. Kings; born Feb. 22, 1884, in Worcester, Mass. ; in 1843 came to Yates and Steuben Co., and in 1846 removed to Ogle Co., and settled with his father in the Town of Marion; in 1858 removed to his present farm ; owns 1,200 acres, valued at $50 per acre; married Bmiline Wadsworth Feb. 23, 1855 in Ore gon, 111. ; she was born May 7, 1838, in Beloit, Wis.; had eight children: Alta May, born Jan. 18, 1856, and died March 17,1875; seven living: George M., John Elsworth and Ella J. are twins, Mary Ada, Martha M., Fannie L., and Bertha May; they are members of the Congregational Church; is independent in politics; has been commissioner of highways, town trustee, and supervisor two years ; he and his brothers founded this town known as Kings, and principally through his exer tions the station was located here; he owns the elevator at the station ; it has a capacity of 14,000 bushels ; he also built the hotel and store, and made various other improvements here. Koukle A. F. farmer ; Sec 21 ; P. O. Kings. Krues L. lab. ; Sec. 19 ; P. O. Paine's Point. Kulb G. farmer; Sec 36; P. O. Rochelle. LINN GEO. W. farmer; Sec. 33; P. O. Kings. Linn Jacob, farmer; Sec. 33; P. O. Kings. LOVELL ALBERT, Farmer; Sec. 13; P. O. Holcomb; born Oct 4,' 1839, in the Town of Newfleld, N. Y. ; came with his parents to St. Charles in 1837, and in 1839 they moved to DeKalb Co. ; in 1858 removed lo White Rock; owns 330 acres, valued at $50 per acre ; married Laura J. Holcomb ; she was born May 10, 1835, in N. Y. ; had five children, four living: Ed gar A., Flora May, Hattie J. and Stella Maud ; has been Commissioner and School Director; is a Republican. LUCAS A. Farmer: Sec. 9; P. O. White Rock; born 'Nov. 8, 1809, in Freetown, Mass. ; came to White Rock in 1837 ; owns 240 acres, valued at $50 per acre; married Mahala Hayden April 6, 1843; she was born Nov. 7, 1830, in the Town of Mentor, Ohio ; her parents are from Vermont ; had nine children, six living: William, Eliza E. (now Mrs. Stewart), Lucinda J. (now Mrs. Sivwright), Frank P., Nannie A. and Charles; Mr. L. has been Postmaster, Supervisor, School Director and Trustee ; he is one of the earliest settlers in the 648 OGLE COUNTT DIEEOTOET : Town of White Rock ; he witnessed the shooting of the Driscols. Lucas F. farmer; Sec. 9; P. O. White Rock. Lucas W. farmer ; Sec 9 ; P. 0. White Rock. LY31AN GILBERT, Farmer; Sec. 24; P. O. Rochelle; born Jan. 18, 1835, in Herkimer Co-) N. Y.; in 1856 came to White Rock ; settled on a farm in Lynn ville in 1863 ; in 1864 removed to his farm in Sec. 13, and in 1865 removed to his present farm; owns 160 acres valued at $50 per acre; married Ann Eliza Bird March 14, 1868; she was born Feb. 18, 1851, in Allen Co., Ohio ; have three chil dren ; Celeste B., born Jan. 30, 1869, Orva A., Aug. 13, '70, Emmett S., June 11. '74; has been Assessor and School Director ; is a Republican. McMASTER S. J. laborer; Sec 34; P. O. Kings. MALONY BIARTIN, Farmer; Sec. 33; p. O. Kings; born in Ireland, and came to New York City June 1, 1843; in July, 1848, came to 111., and bought his present farm in 1853 and removed to it in 1861 ; married Mrs. Mary A. Buckingham April 38, 1874; she was born Dec. 25, 1831, in Ireland ; her maiden name was Mary A. Barry; her flrst marriage was July 33, '69 ; had one child by first marriage ; Mat- tie A., born May 31, 1870 ; are members of the Roman Catholic Church ; he owns 160 acres, valued at $50 per acre. Marker R. farmer; Sec. 35; P. O. Rochelle. MILLER CARL, Farmer; "Sec. 15; P. O. Kings ; born Jan. 13, 1837, in Ger- many; in 1860 came to Ogle Co., and in 1863 settled on his present farm; owns 340 acres, valued at $50 per acre ; married Catharina Jones Feb. 16, 1850; she was born July 9, 1838, in Germany ; had eight children ; Philipina (now Mrs. Dr. Hall), Kate Ms, Charles, Robert, Ernest, Leonora, Eda and Lena ; is a Greenbacker ; is School Director. Milligan Wm. farmer ; Sec. 19 ; P. O. Kings. Milligan W. L. farm ; Sec 19 ; P. O. Kings. Minis Wm. farmer; Sec. 36; P. O. Rochelle. Mulegan J. farmer ; Sec 19 ; P. O. Kings. Murry J. farmer ; Sec. 3 ; P. O. Holmomb. NICHOLAS J A3IES, Farmer ; Sec. 31 ; P. O. Rochelle ; born March 31, 1835, in Northampton Co., Pa. ; came to Ogle Co. in 1858 and settled in Paine's Point; in 1863 removed I o White Rock, and settled on his present farm in 1870 ; he owns 830 acres, valued at $50 per acre ; married Maiiala S. Bowen Aug. 6, 1863; she was born March 34, 1842, in Lynnville Tp.; have three children: Laura A., born July 36, 1H63; Cliarlie W., Feb. 13, 1865, and Jennie C, Feb. 9, 1876; is a Democrat; has been School Director. Noe Austin, farm ; S. 19 ; P. O. Paine's Point. OAKES JOHN N. farmer; Sec 9; P. 0 White Rock. OAKES R. F. Farmer; Sec. 31; P. 0. Kings; born Nov. 9, 1830, in Lycoming Co., Pa. ; went to LaPorte, Ind., in 1848; came to Kankakee, 111., in 1860 ; returned to LaPorte in 1866, and remained two years, then came to Ogle Co. and engaged in mercantile business at White Rock; continued about two years; removed to his present farm in 1875; owns 110 acres, valued at $65 per acre ; married Elizabeth Culbertson in 1866 ; she was born Jan. 30, 1838, in St. Joe Co., Mich. ; have three chil dren: Susan M., Tettie J. and Calvin E.; one child died in infancy ; are members of the Presbyterian Church; he has been Town Clerk; is an Independent Green backer. Oakes Thos. farm ; Sec. 10 ; P. O. Holcomb. OAKES IV. D. Farmer; Sec. 33; P.O. Kings ; born March 30, 1836, in Union Co., Pa. ; came to Winnebago Co. in 1859, and removed to White Rock in 1860 ; settled on Sec. 21; remained there till 1864; when he removed to Sec. 22; owns 340 acres, valued at $60 per acre ; married Sarah E. McCormick, May 30, 1859 ; she was born March 24, 1839, in Lycoming Co., Pa.; they were married at Melton, Pa.; have six children: Kate P., born March 14, 1860; Nellie M., March 16, 1868; Mary M., Dec 22, 1P67; Blanche, May 10,1870; Fannie, Sept 15, 1874; Lavinia L., Sept 19, 1876; he is Independent in politics; has been School Director. Oakes Wm. M. farm; Sec. 15; P. O. Kings. Oakes Wm. L. farm ; Sec. 10; P.O. Holcomb. Only John, farmer; Sec. 14; P. O. Kings. Onley O. W. farmer; Sec. 14; P. O. Kings. PAYNE BERNARD M. farmer; Sec 15; P. O. White Rock. Phelps Wm. farmer ; Sec. 1 ; P. O. Holcomb. Pratz Frank, farm ; Sec. 13 ; P. O. Holcomb. Pratz Jacob, farm ; S. 17 ; P. O. White Rock. PRESTON H. C. Farmer; Sees. 7 and 18 ; P. O. White Rock ; born May 31, 1834, in Oneida Co., N. Y. ; came to Ogle Co. in 1849, and settled in White Rock in 1851 ; owns 290 acres, valued at $50 per acre; married Eliza J. Upson, Oct. 18, 1853 ; she was born June 5, 1830, in Oneida Co., N. Y. ; have nine children ; Junius U., Riley A., Clara M., Rosetter J., Charley H., Elmer J., Ella J., George S. and Jennie E.; are members of the First Congrega tional Church, White Rock Centre; he ia a Republican ; has been Assessor for five years. Justice of the Peace eight years. Road Commissioner, School Director, and Clerk of the School District; his brother, Kosetter J., enlisted in Co. H., 92d Illinois Mounted Infantry; served 13 months aud 7 days, and was killed at the Battle of Chicamauga. WHITE BOOK TOWNSHIP. 64d RBPPINTROP JOHN, Sr., farmer; Sec. 13; P. O. Holcomb. Reppintrop John, Jr., farmer ; Sec. 13 ; P. O. Holcomb. BICE EDWIN, Farmer; Sec. 18; P. 0. White Rock; born March 11, 1837, in Livingston Co., N. Y.; went with his parents to Chautauqua^Co., N. Y., in 1838 ; went to Ohio in 1883, and remained there till 1886, when he went to Mich. ; removed to White Rock in 1837 ; owns 170 acres land, valued at $50 per acre; married Emma Eyster Dec. 18, 1863 ; she was born in 1838 in Pa.; they have two children, Cyrus A. and Dora E. ; Mrs. R. is a mem ber of the Baptist Church ; Mr. R. has been Supervisor, Collector and Trustee; is a Republican; his father was one of the first settlers of White Rock, and built the first house in the Tp. ; his brother, Erastus N., lives on Sec. 8 ; he was born Jan. 16, 1815, in Cattaraugus Co., N. Y. ; went to Alle gany Co., N. Y., with his parents in 1819 ; went to Chautauqua Co., N. Y., in 1837 ; went to Geauga Co., O., in 1881 ; went to Mich, in 1836; removed to Ogle Co. and settled in White Rock in 1837; removed to Wis. in 1843; returned to White Rock in 1844; went to Greene Co., Wis., in 1847; went to Linn Co., Iowa, in 1850; returned to White Rock and settled on his present farm in 1856 ; owns 130 acres, valued at $50 per acre ; married Eliza A. Campbell Oct. 8, 1841 ; she was born July 3, 1833, in Canada ; had four children — three now living; Ester (now Mrs. Glinde- mann), Henry and Homer. . Rice B. farmer; Sec 8; P.O. White Rock. Rice H. farmer; Sec. 8; P. O. White Rock. Rock E. H. farmer ; Sec. 15 ; P. O. Holcomb. Rowley A. farmer; Sec. 31 ; P. O. Rochelle. Royal Jarus, capitalist; P. O. Rochelle. Russell C. farmer; Sec. 30; P. O. Kings. SA V 1 D G E 3IRS. SARAH, Widow of John Savidge ; Sec 9; P. O. White Rock ; he was born Dec. 13, 1834, in Northumberland Co., Pa.; came to Ogle Co. in 1850, and settled in White Rock in 1858, and died March 3, 1871 ; he married Sarah Hancock in Pa. March 11, 1858; she was born Aug. 19, 1819, in Lycoming Co., Pa.; she owns 200 acres land valued at $10,000; has one child, Tillie, born Feb. 21, 1859, in White Rock ; they are members of the Baptist Church. Schoonhover J. farm; Sec. 30; P. O. Cbana. SCHOONHOVEB THOMAS, Farmer; Sees. 30 and 31; P. O. Ghana; born July 13, 1810, in the Town of Spencer, N. Y. ; in 1811 came with his parents to Steuben Co. ; in 1836 came to Mich. ; in 1841 came to Elgin, 111., and in 1868 removed to White Rock and settled on his present farm; owns 185 acres valued at $50 per acre ; married Mary Margaret Hines Aug. 26, 1839 ; she was born June 36, 1830, in Niagara Co., N. Y.; they had eight children; six living: Rebecca L., George W., Charles A., Henry B., Libbie and A. J.: are members of the Baptist Church ; Republican ; Geo. W. enlisted in 1863 in Co. 1, 137th Regt I. V. I., and served to the close of the war and was honorably discharged ; served one year as Company's Clerk, then was detailed to the Medical Department of Headquarters; was pres ent at the great battle before Vicksburg. Scott W. laborer; Sec. 9; P. O. White Rock Sechler A. B. grain ; Sec. 37; P. O. Kings- Sechler Charles, farmer ; Sec. 37 ; P.O. Kings. SECHLER JOHN, Farmer; Sec 15; P. O. Kings; born April 3, 1825, in Lycoming Co., Pa. ; in 1854 came to White Rock ; in 1858 settled on his present farm ; owns 40 acres valued at $60 per acre; married Elizabeth Podgman July 5, 1851 ; she was born July 16, 1834, in Lycoming Co., Pa. ; they had two children; Eugene, born May 17, 1859, and died Jan. 14, 1863; Laura M., born Dec. 15, 1853 ; they are members of the Christian Church; in politics is Democrat. SECHLER MRS. SARAH, Widow of Abraham Sechler; -Sec 16; P. O. Kings; he was born Dec. 2, 1799, in Northumberland Co., Pa., and died here Aug. 39, 1875 ; he married Sarah Bower Feb. 13, 1822; she was born April 34, 1801, in Union Co., Pa.; they came to Ogle Co. Nov., 1854, and settled on their present farm in 1855 ; she owns 80 acres valued at $60 per acre; had twelve chil dren, nine living; William, John, Michael, Elizabeth (now Mrs. Campbell), Anstice, Mary (now Mrs. Frilsley), James M., Abraham and Sarah (now Mrs. Bower) ; Mr. S.- when in Pa. was Justice of the Peace for a number of years; in White Rock was Supervisor, School Director, Commissioner of Highways, etc. ; his father, Michael Sechler, died Feb. 36, 1846, aged eighty-seven years ; he was in the Revolutionary War, and a bodyguard to Gen. Washington ; he was seven years in the service and honorably discharged June 6, 1783, in the City of New York; he drew his U. S. pension and also a state pension up to the time of his death. SECHLER W3I. Hotel and Butcher Business; Sec. 37; P. 0. Kings; born May 16, 1833, in Lycoming Co., Pa. ; in 1854 came to White Rock, and removed to his farm in 1856 ; he owns 80 acres in Sees. 15 and 16, valued at $60 per acre; married Anna Oyster Feb. 5, 1845 ; she was born Sept. 4, 1835, in Northumberland Co., Pa. ; have eleven children: Albert B., Emma (now Mrs. Oakes), Wm. B., Anna B., Chas. C, Judson K., Mary E., Geo. B. McClellan, Jno. D., Nettie M. and Frank ; has been three years Town Collector and eight years Constable ; are members of the Bap. tist Church. 650 OGLE COUNTT DIEEOTOET: SHEADLE R. W. Postmaster and Dealer in General Merchandise; Sec. 27; P. O. Kings; born Sept 26, 1880, in ! Lycoming Co., Pa. ; in 1832 came with his 1 parents to Trumbull Co., Ohio; in 1854 came to Ogle Co. and settled in Oregon, and in 1857 removed to Marion Tp. : in 1868 came to White Rock, and commenced the general merchandise business at his present store in 1875 ; he owns 300 acres land in Marion Tp. valued at $50peracre; married Mary C. Harleman Feb. 31, 1861 ; she was born Nov. 30, 1840, in Lycoming Co., Pa. ; they have two children : Walker C, born Jan. 1, 1863 ; Arthur B., Feb. 36, 1864 ; Mrs. S. is a inember of the Lutheran Church ; Mr. S. has been Town Collector and Assessor, Commissioner of Highways and School Director. SHEAFF DAVID, Farmer; Sec. 3; P. O. Holcomb ; born Dec. 33, 1835, in Livingston Co., N. Y.; in 1838 came to Clark Co., Ohio, with his parents, and in 1853 came to White Rock; settled on his present farm in 1859 ; owns 650 acres, val ued at $50 per acre; married Martha J. Shoemaker Nov. 13, 1859 ; she was born Dec. 38, 1844, in Livingston Co., N. Y.; have three children : Katie L., born June 11, '63, Frank E., Nov. 7, '64, Vernie B., Jan. 30, '73; is a Democrat; has been Town Supervisor, Trustee and School Director. Slink Gertes, blacksmith ; White Rock. Spink Ira, laborer ; Sec. 31, P. O. Kings. Stalker James, mail carrier ; White Rock. STANBUBY GEOBGE, Farmer and Stock Dealer; Sec 11; P. O. Hol comb ; born March 33, 1836, in the Co. of Devonshire, England; in 1855 came to Ogle Co., and settled on his present farm in 1861 ; he owns 360 acres land, valued at $50 per acre ; married Phylena Bur roughs June 10, 1860 ; she was born June 10, 1839, in Union Mills, Erie Co., Pa., and at the age of seven years came to Ogle Co. with her mother an.i brothers ; have one child : Edgar B., born July 9, 1863 ; is a Republican ; are members of the Union Church; he is now Supervisor; has been Assessor and School Director. STEUBEN B. W. Retired Farmer; Sec. 25; P. O. Rochelle; born Sept. 30, 1806, in New Durham, N. Y. ; came to Oneida Co. with his parents when an in fant; in 1859 came to Ogle Co. and settled on his present farm ; owns 160 acres, val ued at $60 per acre; married Lucy R. Murray Feb. 3, 1833; she was born Nov. 25, 1813, in Williston, Vt ; had six chil dren, five living; Allen M., Geo. W., Thos. M., Fred W. and Benj. W., who lives with his father and works his farm ; Mr. and Mrs. 8. are members of the M. E. Church; he has been class leader in his church ever since coming here; his father served seven years in the War of the Revolution ; then his name was Jonathan Arnold, but was changed to Steuben by an act of the Legis lature in Connecticut on account of Bene dict Arnold, the traitor; his son, A. M., enlisted in Co. B, 133d N. Y. Vol.; served three years; was engaged at Antietam, Fredricksburg, Gettysburg, and followed the Army of the Potomac till the surrender of Lee ; F. W. served in Co. H, 93d I. V. I. ; served three years • participated in thirty. three engagements, among which were Chicamauga, siege of Atlanta, Kilpatrick's raid arouud Atlanta, Jonesboro, Sherman's March to the Sea through the Carolinas, etc. ; G. W. was in the 140th I. V. I. ; served 100 days at the close of the war. Steuben Benj. farmer; S. 25 ; P. O. Rochelle. Stocking W. R. farm; S. 13; P. O. Holcomb. Stowell D. farm ; Sec. 17 ; P. O. White Rock. Stowell H. farm; Sec 17; P. O.White Rock. Sturdevant Geo. Sec 34; P. O. Kings. Sturdevant M. E. farm ; S. 34 ; P. O. Rochelle. THAYER EZEKIEL, Farmer; Sec. 34; P. O. Kings; born April 30, 1804, in Sullivan Co., N. H.; in 1838 he came to DuPage Co., and in 1847 removed to bis present farm ; owns 40 acres, valued at $50 per acre; married Mary Atwood Feb. 16, 1832; she was born in Sullivan Co., N. H., Dec 37, 1809; had ten chil dren, three living: Elizabeth (now Mrs. Kelsa). Amelia Ann (now Mrs. Dusen berry), and Elsie M.; his son, Siras E., enlisted in Co. H, 93d I. V. I., and served three years; when in the army he con tracted injuries of which he died March 30, 1865, at his father's ; he was in engage ments at Chicamauga, Mission Rid^e, Nashville, etc., under command of Kil patrick ; they are members of the Congre gational Church. VANDBKAR MICHAEL, farmer. Sec. 32; P. O. Rochelle. Vandorn Jacob, farm ; S. 10 ; P. 0. Holcomb. WADSWORTH J. H. farmer; Sec. 21; P. O. Kings. Walters Horace, farm; S. 24; P. 0. Rochelle. WEEKS DAVID H. Farmer; Sec. 24; P. O. Rochelle; born March 29, 1831, in Herkimer Co., N. Y. ; in 1859 came to Illinois ; lived in Winnebago about two years; in 1861 came to his present farm; he owns 160 acres, valued at $50 per acre; married Eliza H. Shaul Jan. 15, 1851 ; she was born June 12, 1826, in Herkimer Co., N. Y. : had seven children; six living: John, Ida May, Alma C, now Mrs. Stock ing ; Dayton, Albert G. and Henry; is a Republican; is School Director. Weeks John, farm ; Sec. 34 ; P. O. Kings. Winterland Ralph, lab ; S. 26 ; P. O. Kings. YOUNG ALEX, farmer; Sec 36; P. 0. Kings. IXAGG TOWNSHIP. 651 FLAGG TOWNSHIP. \ CKBRSON AUBURN, P. O. Rochelle. ACKERSON G. Farmer; P. O. Ro chelle; born July 7, 1809, in Bergen Co., N. J. ; went to Chemung Co., N. Y., in 1835 ; removed to his present farm in 1844 ; owns 130 acres, valued at $50 per acre ; married Charlotte Stepperfelt Oct. 4, 1834; she was born Feb. 5, 1818, in Richland Co., N. Y. ; had nine children — four now liv ing: William W., Clarissa (now Mrs. Doane), Louisa and Isaac G. ; Mr. A. has been School Trustee and Director; is a Republican ; Wm. W. enlisted in Co. E, 33d I. V. I. ; served about eight months ; was taken prisoner at Lexington, Mo., and released on parole Oct 29; enlisted again in Co. H. 140tb I. V. I. ; served about six months; was guarding Sherman's rear on his march to Atlanta, Ga. Ackerman Lewis, laborer; Rochelle. Ackerson William ; P. O. Rochelle. ADDY GEORGE, Butter, Eggs and Poultiy; res. cor. Main and Chase Sts. ; born in Ireland March 3, 1887 ; came to Canada when an infant then came to Ogle Co., and in 1859 engaged in general mer chandising for about nine years, and then commenced his present business ; married Sarah A. Stinson, who is now dead ; mar ried Caroline E. Whitcomb April 10, 1868; she was born in Canada May 33, 1837 ; they have three children ; Robert P., Sarah E and Arian J. Agnew James, P. O. Rochelle. Agnew William C. harness ; Rochelle. AIRHART SA3IUEL, Farmer; Sec 9; P. O. Kyte River; born May 16, 1833, in York Co., Pa. ; went to Ohio in 1831 ; remained there until 1835, when he came to Franklin Grove, Lee Co. ; came to Ogle Co. in 1845 ; owns 160 acres, valued at $60 per acre : has been School Director several terms ; married Jennie McFarren July 14, 1851 ; she was born in Steuben Co., N. Y., March 8, 1837 ; have four children : Emma A., born March 3, 1861; Algernon B., March 17, 1863 ; Maggie E., April 10, 1866 ; Eva Adell, Aug. 31, 1869. AMBROSE GEORGE, Res. cor. La fayette and Chapin Sts. ; born in Morgan Co., Va., July 30, 1813 ; came to White Rock, III., in 1854, and commenced a gen eral merchandise business, which he con tinued for 15 years ; in 1869 removed to Rochelle and engaged in farming; mar ried Ann Hess in May, 1848 ; she was born in Va. in Qct., 1833 ; have had six chil dren: Rosanna C, Ella V., George F., Charles B., Eva M. and Benna A., born in 1866, and died Feb. 18, 1873. Atherton Hiram, P. O. Rochelle. Atwater David, P. O. Flagg Station. Atwater R. K. restaurant; Rochelle. Austin E., P. O. Rochelle. AUSTIN JOHN W. Farmer; Sec 6; P. O. Rochelle; born July 11, 1840, in Knox Co., O. ; came with his parents to Ogle Co. in 1849; owns 135 acres land, valued at $60 per acre; married Rachel Horton Nov. 39, 1866 ; she was born Sept. 9, 1844, in Bradford Co., Pa. ; have three children ; Eddie, born April 19, 1868 ; Alta May, June 11, 1873, and Baby (not named) born July 8, 1877 ; Mrs. A. is a member of the Baptist Church ; her father, Ithiel Horton, and mother live in Lee Co. with their three sons and one daughter; they were both born in Bedford Co., Pa. AZNOE BIRS. HANNAH, Widow of Henry Aznoe; Sec. 30, P. O. Rochelle; he was born in Montreal Nov. 36, 1823 ; moved near Prescott, Canada, in 1837 ; came to Ogle Co. in 1855 ; d ied Sept 31, 1876 ; married Hannah Swart Dec. 31, 1845 ; she was born Dec 3, 1838, near Prescott, Canada; she owns 86 acres, valued at $50 per acre ; has two adopted children, Helen M. Aznoe, born Aug. 8, 1859. and Jay R. Aznoe, Feb. 39, 1864; is a member of the Baptist Church at Rochelle ; has been a member since she was 16 years old. B AIN AUGUST, capitalist; Rochelle. BAIN ROBERT, Farmer; Sec 5; P. O. Rochelle; born March 17, 1889, in Scotland ; came with his parents to Ogle Co., in 1845 ; he owns 160 acres, valued at $43 per acre ; married Susan McFarren Dec. 29, 1859 ; she was born March 15, 1839, in Steuben Co., N. Y. ; have three children: Angus J., born March 31, 1861; Robert, Oct 17, 18H4; Lena Leota, June 28, 1868; served in Co. G, 3d Illinois Light Artillery for two years and nine months ; was in engagements in Old Town Creek, Miss., July 15, 1864; Hurricane Creek, Miss., Aug. 13, 1864; Nashville, Tenn., Dec. 15 and 16, 1864; siege of Span ish Fort Blakely and Mobile, Ala., from March 37 to April 12, 1865; battle of Tupelo, Miss., July 14, 1864. BAILEY ALBERT, Farmer; Sec. 16; P. 0. Kyte River; born April 19, 1824, in Otsego Co., N. Y. ; in 1857 came to his present farm ; owns 40 acres, valued $4,000 ; married Calistia A. Bennett Dec. 23, 1846 ; she was born July 8, 1829, in Otsego Co., N. Y.; had four children, thi-ee living; Kittie A., born Dec. 11, 1853; David E., July 4, 1856; Bayard T., July 24, 1858 ; is postmaster, and been school director; are members of the Baptist Church ; enlisted in Co. H, 46th Illinois Infantry; served the last year of the war; 662 OGLE COUNTT DIEEOTOET: was present during the great explosion at Mobile ; was with his regiment in "Texas, New Orleans, etc. Bailey Jerry, farm ; S. 16 ; P. O. Kyte River. Bailey Nor. farm ; S. 16 ; P. O. Kyte River. Bailey Wm. Rochelle. Baldridge Geo. carpenter; Rochelle. Baldwin Geo. W. mason ; Rochelle. Ballard S. farm ; Sec 8; P. O. Kyte River. Banks F. A. farm; S. 9; P. O. Kyte River. Banks Henry, farm ; S. 9 ; P. O. Kyte River- Barber V. S., Barber, Lane & Co. , Rochelle Barry Michael, laborer ; Rochelle. Baxter A., Rochelle. Baxter D. A. harness ; Rochelle. Beagles John, butcher ; Rochelle Beers Rich, farm; Sec. 36; P. 0. Rochelle. BelberH.G., Rochelle. Bell W. H., Rochelle. Bell Wm. marble works, Rochelle. Bence Geo. C. farm; S. 7; P. O. Rochelle. Benedict E. F. farm; S. 10; P. O. Rochelle. Benedict D. H. farm ; S. 10 ; P. O. kochelle. Bennett Augustus, clerk, Rochelle. BENNETT C. C. Express Agent resides corner Grant and Chapin Streets born Sept 28, 1835, at Lockport, N. Y., moved to Buffalo, N. Y., in 1837, and in 1853 came to Chicago ; was clerk for A. H. & C. Burley, books, etc.; in 1856 came to Rochelle and commenced in the drug and book business; has had charge of various branches of business, and in 1871 commenced express business; married Louisa Pulton Oct. 18, 1857 ; she was born in Painesville, Ohio, Aug. 18, 1885 ; they have seven children : William A., Frank B., Clarence W., C. C, Jr., H. B., William Alfred and Ida A. ; has been Deputy Post master for about six years. Benson John, Rochelle. Berry J. H., Rochelle. Best W. H., Rochelle. Bethel Geo. W. clerk ; Rochelle. Biggins Daniel, farmer; Sec. 5; P. O. Kyte River. Bird Albert, First National Bank; Rochelle. Bird J.F. agricultural implements ; Rochelle. BIRD JAS. F. Butter and Produce; residence Washington Street ; born April 3, 1836, at Groton, Huron Co., Ohio ; came to Freeport in 1856 ; came to Lynnville, Ogle Co , in 1857, and in 1868 came to Dement, thence to Rochelle in 1873; mar ried Jennette A- Payne Oct 39, 1868 ; she was born Jan. 18, 1844, in Brookfleld, Fairfleld Co., Conn.; they have one child, Nellie A., born Feb. 34, 1868. Bishop F. Rochelle. Blagles Henry W. butcher; Rochelle. BLACKMAN E. H. Farmer; Sec 4; P. O. Rochelle ; born April 3, 1826, in Bradford Co., Pa.; in 1852 came to his present homestead ; owns 160 acres valued at $10,000 ; married Fannie Horton, Feb. 12, 1850 ; she was born Sept 26, 1829, in Bradford Co , Pa. ; they have six children : David W., born June 25, 1851 ; Lydia L. (now Mrs. W. Banks), April 17, 1854- Isabel, Feb. 1, 1856; Elijah Dallas, Oct 4, 1858; Grant, July 9, 1864; Frank, Jan. 12, 1869; enlisted in Co. H., 46th Regt I. V. I.; served one year; was wounded at the Battle of Shiloh, and was honorably dis charged the following Oct. at Fort Donel son; they are members of the Baptist Church ; Mrs. B.'s father, J. Horton, died at the advanced age of ninety-two years in Pa. ; Mrs. Horton died at the age of fifty. two in Pa. Blackman D. W., Rochelle. BLACKMAN STERLING, Farm- er; Sec. 6; P. O. Rochelle; born July 31, 1818, in Bradford Co., Pa. ; came to 111. in 1888 ; then returned to Pa., and in 1845 came to Ogle Co. and settled on his present farm; owns 100 acres valued at $3,000; married Aurelia Bostwick May 7, 1843; she was born in Bedford Co., Pa., Jan. 18, 1825 ; they had ten children, four living ; Elizabeth (now Mrs. Place), born June 30, 1845 ; Mary B., Feb. 5, 1851 ; Samuel C, March 8, 1853; Aurelia Z. (now Mrs. Cole), July 16, 1857; are Adventists; has been Justice of the Peace two terms; Supervisor one term, also School Director and Trustee ; Mr. B. is one of the oldest settlers in the Tp. Blake L. C, Rochelle. Blinkenship^Samuel, Rochelle. Boguigtor A. foundry ; Rochelle. Boone W. laborer ;^Roohelle. Bothwell A. farmer; Sec. 14; P.O. Rochelle. Bowler William, laborer ; Rochelle. BOYCE CALEB B. Traveling i man; res. on Palmer St.; born Nov. 86, 1829, in Hartford, Washington Co., N. Y. ; came with his parents to Ogle Co. in Feb ruary, 1837; commenced General Mer chandise business in 1854, then Boyce & Bump, for ten years carrying on business in Rochelle and Paine's Point; was also one ofthe flrm of R. C. Craft & Co., Grain Dealers, till 1874 ; Mr. B. was Postmaster herefrom 1860 to 1870; married Lititia Stinson May 5, 1853 ; she was born Feb. 3, 1883, in Dunbarton, N. H. ; have one child ; Edith M., born May 17, 1854. Boyle D. R. farmer; Sees. 31 and 82; P. 0. Rochelle. BRACKETT W. H. Proprietor Brackett House, Washington Street; born in Brattleboro, Vt., Jan. 29, 1835 ; came to Springfleld, Mass., in 1856, and commenced in the Livery business ; came to Polo, 111., PLAGG TOWNSfllP. 655 in 1865 ; removed to Oregon in 1868, and engaged in Hotel and Livery business; came to Rochelle in March, 1876 ; married Sarah M. McAdams in 1863 ; she was born in Delaware Co., N. Y., in 1841. BB AIDER M.J. Lumber, Coal, Cement, etc. ; res. at Brackett House ; born in Wyoming Co., N. Y., Oct. 10, 1835 ; came to Illinois May, 1850, and in 1856 came to Rochelle: he engaged in the grain business with H. Burlington for a term of about four years, and then com menced farming about seven miles west, which he continued for about twelve years ; then returned to Rochelle, and commenced his present business in 1872; married Julia P. Flagg July 28, 1857; she was born in Rochelle May 3, 1840 ; they have had four children; May C, Nettie C, Lulu and Wilbur; Nettie is the only child now living. Breen Henry, carpenter ; Rochelle. Breen James, laborer; Rochelle. BrinkJD. wagon manufacturer; Rochelle. Brink Daniel, Rochelle. Brooks Chas. Rochelle. Brown Harvey,; Rochelle. BBO'WN WALLACE, Farmer; res. on Jefferson Street; born in Cortland Co., N. Y., July 27, 1842 ; came to Ogle Co. March 9, 1860, and commenced farm ing ; he owns 97 acres valued at $8,000 ; has been Constable and City Marshal; served in the 93d I. V. I. three years; mar ried Laura A. Smith Dec. 8, 1868; she was born in Franklin Co., Ohio, February, 1851 ; have one child : Howard, born Dec. 10, 1871 ; Mr. B. is a strong Republican. Brownell E. F. flour and feed ; Rochelle. Brundage Israel, Presbyterian minister; Rochelle. Brundage James, stock dealer ; Rochelle. Brundage Z. P. stock dealer ; Rochelle. , Buchan J. C. teamster ; Rochelle. BUDLONG JOHN, Brewer; Barthol omew Street; born in Herkimer Co., N. Y., Sept. 5, 1830 ; came to Ogle Co. in June, 1858 ; and engaged as Carpenter and Joiner for about two years ; then followed farming about two years ; then moved to Rockford and engaged as Machinist on the Rockford Water Power, where he re mained about fifteen years ; then came to Rochelle; married Martha J. Landt Jan. 1,1854; she was born in Herkimer Co., N. Y., Sepf. 14, 1838; have had eight children; four still living; the survivors are; Alpha D., Fannie I., Milton M. and Mabel M. Burns Michael, laborer; Rochelle. Bush Addis, laborer; Rochelle. Butterfield John, Rochelle. r^ AD WELL FRANK, carpent'r ; Rochelle. Calahan Patrick, Rochelle. Calaghan Thos. laborer ; Rochelle. Calaghan Wm. laborer ; Rochelle. CALKINS D. N. with Ellinwood & Scranton, Bruce Street; born March 18, 1835, in Arcade, N. Y. ; came to Rochelle in 1860 ; married Ruby Swartout ; she was ¦ born Nov. 7, 1839 ; have two children : Ardella S., born Oct. 13, 1863 ; Willis M., born Aug. 11, 1873. Callen Jos. E. carpenter ; Rochelle. Caning W. G. express agent ; Rochelle. Carlson John, photographer; Rochelle. Carmicheal John, lumber ; Rochelle. CARPENTER JOSIAH, Farmer; Sec. 13 ; P. O. Rochelle ; born ih Elmira, N. Y., Feb. 1, 1835, and in 1856 came to Wisconsih, then to Ogle Co.; remained there about three years, and came to Lee Co., where he remained about eleven years, farming and stock raising, and in 1865 came to Ogle Co. and continued farm ing and stock raising ; married Caroline E. Lillibridge March 16, 1865; she was born in Coldwater, Mich., May 30, 1837; have three children: Charles W., born Nov. 18, 1866 ; Florence Julia, born Jan. 18, 1868; Henry James, born Jan. 8, 1874. Cass Aaron, First Nat. Bank ; Rochelle. Cawlej' Andrew, laborer; Rochelle. Cheamey C. W., Rochelle. Chettenden Frank, laborer ; Rochelle. Clark A. B. farmer ; P. O. Kyte River. CLARK ALANSON D. Farmer; Sec. 16; P. O. Kyte River; born October 14, in 1833, in Steuben Co., N. Y.; came to Ogle Co. on September 18, 1845, and located on his present farm ; he owns 300 acres, valued at $60 per acre; married Matilda Biggers April 26, 1843 ; she was born in Steuben Co., N. Y., Aug. 10, 1837 ; had seven children, six living : Alonzo B., Silas D., Rhoda A., now Mrs. G. Reed; Amerett B., now Mrs. Cooley; Anson D. and Frank D. ; Mr. C. was the flrst assessor and second town clerk here ; has been postmaster four terms ; has been township trustee several terms ; he holds two commissions from the Governor for justice of the peace ; he is superintendent of the Sunday-school, having held this position most of the time for twenty-eight years ; has traveled through Europe, Pal estine, Syria, and Egypt. CLARK GEORGE IV. of the flrm of Clark & Barker, Druggists, Washington Street; res. corner Brice and Bartholo mew Streets ; born at Church Hill, Liberty Tp., Trumbull Co., Ohio, Aug. 30,1839; came to Ogle Co. in 1850 ; lived one and one half years in Marion Tp.; in 1851 he returned to Ohio ; in 1854 he came to Ore gon, this Co.; was engaged in the drug business there until 1857, when he re- 654 OGLi! COUNT* DIEEOTOET : moved to Rochelle ; has been engaged in same business ever since he came here ; Mr. C. has been town trustee, alderman, and was elected mayor in April, 1877 ; his flrst wife was Lydia C. Lehman, she died Nov. 36, 1870 ; they had one son, who is now living : Frank W. ; present wife was Martha B. Livingston ; married Aug. 39, 1873 ; she was born in Monroe City, Mich. ; Mrs. Clark is a member of the Presby terian Church. Coffee Patrick, laborer ; Rochelle. Colamer William, laborer ; Rochelle. COLDITZ WILLIA3I (Firm of Col ditz & Williams), Hardware, etc.; res. cor. Washington and Holland Sts. ; born in Saxony Jan. 16, 1834; came to Lane (now Rochelle) in Dec, 185U ; carried on a tin- shop with T. B. Turkington & Co. till Aug., 1870, and then the firm changed to Colditz & Williams ; married Clara Boesewetter in July, 1855 ; they have four children : William D., born March 8, 1858 ; Emma O., Oct 13, 1859 ; Jennie L., July 39, 1861, and Lincoln, born March 13, 1864; are members of the Universalist Church ; Mrs. C. died Nov. 34, 1873 ; he married Anna Cridner Aug. 18, 1874 ; she was born in Gussen, Germany. COLLIER JOHN, Res. Bartholomew St. ; born in Chemung Co., N. Y., Dec 1, 1811 ; came to Ogle Co. in 1836, and taught school about two years, then returned to Chemung Co., N. Y., and continued teach ing; returned in 1843 to Ogle Co., and bought a claim in Jefferson Grove, and lived there ; has been Justice of the Peace and Township Treasurer for a number of years; married Eleanor Rowley, Jan. 1, 1840 ; she was born in Chemung Co., N. Y., March 17, 1818, and died April 19, 1873 ; have had eight children— three now living ; Mary E. (now Mrs. L. D. Rees), Alletta J. (now Mrs. M. C. Denslow), and Frances R. Comstock R. A., Rochelle. Cook C. N. farm; Sec. 39; P. O. Rochelle. Cook Walter, Rochelle. COOLEY JOHN, Farmer and Black smith; Sec. 6; P. O. Rochelle; born Aug. 10, 1839, in Bradford Co., Pa. ; came to his present farm in 1838 ; owns , 120 acres, valued at $50 per acre; married Eliza Austin Oct. 27, 1850 ; she was born April 5, 1833, in Knox Co., O.; her father, Ed ward Austin, lives with her; he was born Nov. 3, 1799, in the Co. of Kent, England, and came to this country in 1830; her mother died Jan. 23, 1854, aged 53 years; had eight children — flve are living ; Mary E. (now Mrs. Evans), born Sept 6, 1854; Abagail E. (now Mrs. Crandall), Sept 6, 1856; John W., Aug. 10, 1864; Cora E., Oct 1, 1866; Austin M., Oct 38, 1869; Mr. C. was present at the shooting of the Dris cols; his father, Rufus M.. was born June 39, 1785, and died Aug. 35, 1873; his mother, Mary Horton, was born Oct. 14 1796, and died Aug. 31, 1874. Coon Charles, painter; Rochelle. Coon F. B. livery; Rochelle. Coon Horace, Rochelle. COOPER PETER, Farmer; Sec 12; P. O. Rochelle ; born Aug. 22, 1833, in Morris Co., N. J. ; went to Franklin Co., O., in 1846 ; came to Ogle Co., in 1848, and entered 173 acres land; then returned to N. J., and remained about 18 months; then returned to Ohio, and in 1854 returned to Ogle Co. and settled on his farm ; owns 337 acres, valued at $50 per acre, and 1,300 acres in Kas., valued at $6 per acre; married Mary Serick May 39, 1855 ; she was born Dec. 13, 1836; had twelve chil dren — ten living: Mary E. (now Mrs. J. Haynes), born May 38, 1856; Garret P., Jan. 14, 1858; Oliver, Dec. 9,1859; Eda A., Aug. 10, 1861; Catherine, Nov. 30, 1863; Albert, Dec 12, 1866; Minnie, Oct, 1868; William, Nov. 14, 1870; Charles, Jan. 9, 1873; Howard, Aug. 7, 1876. Corbin F. H. laborer ; Rochelle. Corbin William H. laborer; Rochelle. Coyne Andrew, laborer ; Rochelle. Coyne Mathew; laborer; Rochelle. CRAFT JOSEPH V. Boots and Shoes ; res. cor. Bartholomew and Chapin Sts. ; born Aug. 8, 1833, in Hunterdon Co., N. J. ; late of Morris Co., N. J. ; came to Ogle Co., in 1868, and in the Fall of 1871 commenced his present business ; he is a Director of the First National Bank ; mar ried Martha P. Garritson, May 10, 1860; she was born Nov. 18, 1837, in Somerset Co., N. J. ; have three children ; Catherine G., John C. and Frederick W. Craig J. M. Rochelle. Crandall B. M. farmer; Sec. 13; Rochelle. CRAWFORD E. F. Farmer; Sec 7; P. O. Rochelle ; born July 16, 1833, in Putnam Co., N. Y. ; in 1835 came with his parents to Steuben Co., and in 1858 to Flagg Tp. ; married Harriet B. Denslow Dec 11, 1861, daughter of Martin Dens low, who came to this Co. twenty-six years ago, and died aged fifty-flve years; her mother's maiden name was Harriet Clark ; she was flfty-three years old when she died; Mrs. C. was born in Mass. March 4, 1841 ; have one son, Edward M., born July 4, 1864; Mr. C. is a Republican and member of the Red Ribbon Club. Crawford H. B., Rochelle. CRAWFORD J ABIES, Farmer; Sec 86; P. O. Rochelle; born Jan. 8, 1809, in Franklin Co., Pa., which was Gen. Jackson's great day in defeating the British at New Orleans; when about seventeen Mr. C. was apprenticed to learn the tanning trade and served two and one half years ; Mrs. C. owns 160 acres valued at $65 per acre ; came to Ogle Co. Nov. 9, Plagg township. 65T 1863; married Eliza J. A. Scott Oct, 1835 ; she is a sister of T. A. Scott the great rail road king ; she was born Nov. 34, 1819, in London, Franklin Co., Pa.; they had eleven children, eight living : Lucritia J. (now Mrs. Ringle), born June 37, 1838; Martha A. (now Mrs. Atherton), Aug. 23, 1844; Thomas A., Aug. 13, 1846; David D., Aug. 17, 1850; Mary B., Sept 8, 1852; Hezekiah E., July 1, 1854; Harriet P. (now Mrs. Johnsoni, Sept. 30, 1857 ; George K., Jan. 26, 1861; Mr. C. was elected Justice of the Peace in 1861 in London, Pa., and served two years; during that time he was appointed Revenue Assessor by Mr. Harper, and held this position till he came West; was taken prisoner by fifty guerrillas and afterwards released; mem bers of the Presbyterian Church. Crawford Solomon. Crawford Thos. laborer; Rochelle. Grill D. R. farmer ; Seo. 32 ; P. O. Rochelle. Cross D. farmer; .Sec. 19; P. O. Rochelle. Camler Frank, Rochelle. Currier Le Roy, wagon maker ; Rochelle. Curtiss William H. Rochelle. CUTTS GEO. W. Rochelle; Train Dispatcher on Chicago & Iowa R. R. ; born Feb. 17, 1848, in Buffalo Grove ; in 1863 went to Mass. aud attended school ; returned to Polo and attended school at Wheaton till 1868; then commenced the railroad business; married Mary B. Thorp Jan. 1, 1875 ; she was born Aug. 2, 1855 ; have one child, Ethel, born Oct. 9, 1875. "r\AIELY THOMAS, Flagg Station. Davis E. Rochelle. Davis Frank, clerk ; Rochelle. Davis Geo. F. Rochelle. Davis Henry, laborer ; Rochelle. DA.WSON CHAS. H. City Marshal; res. on Brice Street; born Aug. 15, 1854, in Washington Co., Pa. ; in 1855 came to Rochelle and followed farming till 1865, and in 1873 commenced the harness busi ness, and about three years later joined the police force; he has a brother and sister, William W. and Ida A.; Mr. D. was elected Constable last April. Dawson J. S. harness ; Rochelle. Dawson John, laborer ; Rochelle. DAWSON JOHN, Residence on Brice Street; born in Washington, Washington Co., Pa., Dec. 15, 1825 ; came to Rochelle in Dec, 1855 ; engaged in farming several years; in livery business twelve years; married Jane McCoy in 1851; she was born in Washington Co., Pa. ; Ihey have three children ; Wm. W., Charles H. and Annie Ida. Dean S. engineer; Sec. 27; P. 0. Rochelle. DeCamp A. P. merchant tailor; Rochelle. Delaney J. farmer; Sec. 34; P. O. Rochelle. Delaney Michael, Rochelle. Delaney Thomas, clerk ; Rochelle. Delong S. laborer; Rochelle. DENSLOW C. 31. Farmer; Sec 7; P. O. Rochelle; born Oct 10, 1833, in Berkshire Co., Mass.; in 1841 came to Burlington, Conn., and Plainsville, Conn. ; in 1851 came to Ogle Co.; he owns 70 acres, valued at $50 per acre; married Alletta J. Collier Feb. 37, 1861 ; she was born in Chemung Co., N. Y., April 3, 1848; had five children, two living; Albert M., born Nov. 18, 1865, and Fred, Nov. 3, 1875 ; has been School Director. DENSLOIV EDWIN BI. Farmer; Sec 7; P. O. Rochelle; born March 37, 1836, in Tolland, Mass.; came to Conn. with his parents in 1839, and in 1851 came to his present farm; he owns 80 acres, valued at $4,000 ; married Hester M. Col lins Sept. 38, 1869 ; she was born Feb. 18, 1843, in Bradford Co., Pa. ; her mother was born Feb. 7, 1819, and lives at her homestead ; her father died there aged 59 years. DENSLOW BIRS. SUSAN C. Widow of Amos Denslow ; Sec. 8 ; P. O. Kyte River; Mr. D. was born in Mass. March 33, 1810, and died Jan. 37, 1870; came to Ogle Co. in 1867; they were mar ried June 1, '37, in Wayne Co., Pa. ; she was born Jan. 4, 1830, in Litchfield, Conn. ; she came with her parents to Orange Co., N. Y., in 1838 ; removed to Pa. in 1839 ; in 1867 came to Ogle Co. ; she owns 97 acres valued at $40 per acre ; had flve children, three living: Lewis P., born March 8, '38, Joseph O., April 33, '50, Ella A., Aug. 34, '59; Joseph O. is now teaching school. Doran Thos. laborer; Rochelle. Dunkleberry G. farmer ; Sec. 1 ; Rochelle. Dunkleberry J. farm ; Sec 1 ; P. O. Rochelle, Dummore K., Rochelle. EARL HENRY, Livery, etc.; on Washington St ; born Feb. 16, 1837, in Genesee Co., N. Y. ; came to Ogle Co. in 1846; engaged in farming till 1873; since then livery business ; married Agnes Reed Jan. 6, 1853 ; she was born in Scot land, Aug. 3, 1838 ; have had two children : Hulburt R. and Carrie ; Hulburt R. died Jan. 32, 1877. Eaton Prank, Rochelle. Eaton W. T. insurance agent ;]Rochelle. Egleston 8. Eiser Wm. carpenter ; Rochelle. Elder A. J., Rochelle. ELLINVTOOD BIARVIN T. ofthe flrm of Ellinwood & Scranton, dealers in hardware, stoves, etc., Washington Street, corner Brice; res, corner Brice and Lafay. 658 OGLE OOUNTt' ddbectoet: ette Streets; born in Cambridge, La Moille Co., Vt, July 18, 1831; came to Chicago in August, 1845 ; lived there un til 1850, when he removed to Rockford, where he resided until he came to Rochelle in 1857 ; was in the dry goods business in Rockford ; been carrying on the hardware business ever since he came here ; Mr. E. was a member of the school board several years; is now serving as alderman ; he was one of the incorpora tors of the First National Bank, and was president of the bank three years ; married Anna Brice Dec. 7, 1854: she was born in Washington, Washington Co., Penn. ; they have had five children ; one son died in infancy; the living are : Charles M., Mary L., Grace, and Robert L. ; Charles M. is professor in scientific and preparatory de partment of the Northwestern University, at Evanston, III. ; Mr. and Mrs. B., two daughters and one son, are members of the M. B. Church. Elliott Andrew, drayman ; Rochelle. Elmer A. B. dentist; Rochelle. England Joseph, laborer ; Rochelle. Evans C. M. EVANS JOHN S. Res. on Lafayette St; born Oct 14, 1838, in Oneida Co., N. Y. ; came to Rochelle in 1865, and en gaged in general warehouse business, and so continues. Evans W. R., Rochelle. EVARTS GEO. F. ; Carpenter; res. on Grant St., born Feb. 15, 1837, near Ore gon, and in 1848 came to Black Walnut ; in 1859 moved to White Rock, and re mained there till 1867, when he re turned to Black Walnut ; and in 1869 came to the Town of Plagg, and removed to Rochelle in 1877 ; has been school director and road master ; married Elizabeth Lilly Sept 19, 1861; she was born April 19, 1839, in Northumberland Co., Penn. ; have lour children : Cora B., DeWitt C, Judd L., and Frank B. Eyster Chas. painter ; Rochelle. Eyster J. B. painter ; Rochelle. F ARRINGTON BIRS. C. A. Widow of O. Barrington; res. corner Stiles and Palmer Sts. ; Mr. F. was born March 6, 1828, in Pittsfield, Mass. ; he was one of the earliest settlers here ; he owned a farm on Willow St., where he died May 19, 1873; had one daughter by first wife; Etta: his second wife was Czarina A. Snow; married Jan. 17,1867; have two children; Annie, born iMay 19, 1868, and Charles, born Feb. 3, 1871. FARRINGTON EDWIN L. Res. on Main St.: born Nov. 21, 1831, in Pitts field, Mass.; came to Rochelle in 1854, and commenced the mason and carpenter trade, and so continues; married Agnes Murray Dec. 25, 1856 ; she was born in' Butler Co., Penn., Sept 2, 1843; David Navaro, who is a nephew of Mr. P., is now in Barnum's Museum, N. Y, he is sixteen years old, and weighs about 600 pounds. Farry M. saloon ; Rochelle. Farry Patrick, laborer ; Rochelle. Ferguson W. H., Rochelle. Ferrenger A., Rochelle. Fields A. H. butter ; Rochelle. Fisher Adolphus, carpenter ; Rochelle. FISHER THOS. B. Farmer; Sec 29; P. O. Flagg Station ; born Feb. 8, 1815, in Muskingum Co., O. ; in 1832 came to Col umbus, O., and in 1844, came to his pres ent farm; he owns 151 acres, valued at $50 per acre; married Matilda Squier March 19, 1840, in Franklin Co., Ohio; she was born Feb. 28, 1816, in Washing ton Co., Penn., and died Aug. 27, 1874; had four children, one living ; William A., born Oct. 37, 1843 ; Jno. 8. Hough married Emma B., born Nov. 8, 1853, died April 7, 1875 ; he has a granddaughter living with him; Minnie M., born June 37, 1874; Mr. F. is a member of the M. E. Church; is a Republican. Fisher W. A., Rochelle. FLAGG Wfll. PARKER, (deceased) born in Richmond, Vt, June 8, 1808; came to Madison Co., 111., in 1830, and in 1837 came to LaSalle Co., and in 1836 came to Hickoiy Grove and bought a claim on which the City of Rochelle now stands ; in 1839 married Mrs. Lucy Lake, daughter of Rev. Wm. Cochran; they had six children, two dying in infancy; the survivors are; Julia, Caroline, Olive A. and Alfred ; on May 19, 1855, Mrs. F. died from injuries. sustained by fire; in 1857 he married Mrs. Mary Setterly, who had four children by a former marriage: Emory, born Oct. 1, 1841, Lovina, July 14, 1844 (now Mrs. James McHenry), Francis, Sept 27, 1847, died June 13, 1853, and Mark, Jr., March 3, 1853 ; she was born in Schoharie Co., N. Y., March 19, 1822; Mi-s. P. lives with her daughter, Mrs. McHenry ; Mr. F. has held the office of Co. Commissioner of Ogle Co. and Supervisor of the Town of Flagg for seven years ; he was stricken with paralysis about eleven years ago, and died Aug. 10, 1877, at his home in Hickoiy Grove ; was a Free Thinker by religion ; he was buried in Lawn Ridge" Cemetery, under the rights of the Masonic Order, of which the deceased was a member. Fleming John, laborer; Rochelle. Flynn John, farmer; Sec. 5; P. O. Rochelle. Flynn Michael, saloon ; Rochelle. FOWLER BIRS. ELIDA, Widow of the late Wm. Fowler; farm; Sec 9; P. O. Kyte River; he was born Aug. 28, 1824, in Tompkins Co., N. Y. ; came to Ogle Co. in 1855, and ill 1856 settled on their pres- FLAGG TOWNSHIP. 659 ent farm; Mr. F. died Dec. 26, 1875; she owns 160 acres, valued at $50 per acre ; they were married April 18, 1855 ; she was born in Orange Co., N. Y., July 3, 1832; have six children: Garrett, Sarah E., Martha H., Welling B., Emma M. and Wm. E. Fowler George W. ; Rochelle. Fowler J. E. farm; Sec 10; P. O. Rochelle. Francis A. C. merchant ; Rochelle. Francis- T. D. merchant; Rochelle. FBOHLICH REV. EDWARD, Pastor of St Patrick's Catholic Church ; born in Hohenzollern, Sigmaringen, Prus sia, Germany, March 31, 1839; came to Covington, Ky., Sept 3, 1857, and was pastor of St. Aloysius' Church for eight years, which he built at a cost of $8,100 ; came to Chicago in 1872, and was pastor of St Peter's Church for three years ; then traveled for one year in Europe, France, England, Germany and Italy; saw Pope Pius the Ninth, and got a silver medal from Cardinal Antonelli ; came to Rochelle Dec. 23, 1876 ; be has got the handwriting of the Holy Father. FULLER H. G. Restaurant on Cherry St; P. 0. Rochelle; born June 20, 1851, in Rockford, III.; came to Rochelle in 1873 and commenced livery business with H. Earl ; his parents now live in Sedalia, Mo. ; they were born in Canada, his father, March, 1816, his mother, Feb. 15, 1808; his father formerly was Sheriff of Winne bago Co. ; has three brothers : Edwin B., Ezra B. and Samuel C. Fulton John, Sec. 3 ; P. O. Rochelle. Furlong W. J. clerk ; Rochelle. /GARDNER ED. beer bottling; Rochelle. Garlow S. ; Rochelle. Gates Chas. H. saloon ; Rochelle. GERARD CHAS. H.Parmer; Sees. 35 and 36; P. O. Rochelle; born July 8, 1830, in Cortland Co., N. Y.; came to Steuben Co. in 1858, and in 1864 enlisted in Co. E, 3d N. Y. C. ; served in the Army of the Gulf; was there when the Spanish Port was taken at Mobile Bay ; served till the close of the war ; was wounded by the discharge of a pistol shot at Stockton, Ala. ; came to his present farm in 1865 ; he owns 300 acres, valued at $50 per acre; married Electa A. Bostwick July 30, 1846 ; she was born May, 1838, in Steuben Co., N. Y. ; was married there ; have four children; Eleanor (now Mrs. Merkley), Emma (now Mrs. Bushey), Charley and George. Gibbs JeiTy, Rochelle. Gilgar Martin, laborer; Rochelle. Gilbert H. farmer; Sec. 12; P. O. Rochelle. GILCHRIST DAVIS, Farmer; Sees. 16 and 17; P. O. Kyte River; born in East Springfield, Otsego Co., N. Y., Oct 4, 1830 ; came to Portage Co., Wis., in 1853 ; came to Ogle Co. in 1859 ; he owns 140 acres valued at $40 per acre; married Harriet Biggers Feb. 14, 1860; she was born in Sleuben Co., N. Y., March 8, 1838 ; have two children ; Maggie M., born April 33, 1864, and George 8., Nov. 11, 1869 ; he is a Democrat. GILCHRIST JABIES O. Farm Renter; S. 27; P. O. Rochelle; born in Ot- sego Co., N. Y., Aug. 25, 1827 ; came to Wis consin in the Winter of 1849 and '50 ; came to Stark Co., 111., in 1853 ; came to Ogle Co. in 1858; married Francis Holley Jan. 10, 1875 ; she was born in Steuben Co., N. Y., Jan. 17, 1848 ; have two children ; Harry, born Dec. 2, 1875, and Baby, Jan. 6, 1878; he owns 80 acres of land in Gage Co., Neb., valued at $800. GILCHRIST SHELDON L. Farmer; Sec. 18; P. O. Rochelle: born in Bast Springfleld, Otsego Co., N. Y., April 30, 1835 ; came to Oneida Co., N.Y., in 1854 ; came to Ogle Co. in 1871 ; owns 50 acres, valued at $30 per acre; married Mrs. Arminda Millard, Oct 4, 1871 ; her first husband was Morey Millard, born near Elmira, N. Y., and died here in 1865, of a disease contracted when in the army ; Mrs. G. was formerly Arminda, daughter of Philoman Brace and Sarah Wickham; was born Aug. 10, 1889, in Schuyler Co., . N. Y. ; had two children by flrst marriage : George M., born June 18, 1863, and Morey R., born Aug. 15, 1865 ; Mrs. G. was flve years old when her father died, aged 52 years; Mr. G. is class leader of the prayer meetings ; all the family are members of the M. B. Church ; his father James Gil christ, was born April 19, 1784, and died in Dec, 1867 ; his mother was born July 24, 1797, and died Jan. 80, 1872, in Oneida Co., N. Y. ; she had eleven children. GLENN HENRY H. of the firm of Francis, Glenn & Co., Dealers in Dry Goods, Groceries, etc.. Washington St., cor. Cherry; born in Philipsburg, Centre Co., Pa., 'Feb. 1, 1833 ; moved to Ashton, 111., March 4, 1857 ; came to Rochelle in April, 1873 ; married Elizabeth C. Grazier Feb. 8, 1855 ; she was born in Warrior's Mark Tp., Pa., July 33, 1833 ; they have had four children ; those living are : Jessie E. and Willie C. ; Ida May died at the age of six years, and Harry H. at the ege of five ; Mr. and Mrs. Glenn and daughter are members of the M. B. Church. Gloss R. farm; Sec. 83; P. O. Flagg Station. Gooday Mathew, Rochelle. Goodmanson A. shoemaker; Rochelle. Gould W. W. physician ; Rochelle. Grawe John, Rochelle. Gray Charles H., Rochelle. Green B. W. farmer; Sec. 3; P. O. Rochelle. Green James, laborer ; Rochelle. 660 OGLE OOUNTT DIEEOTOET *. GREGORY CHARLES E. Book keeper Barber, Lane & Co.; boards at Brackett House; born Aug. 26, 1855, at Nauvoo, 111.; went with his parents to Sedalia, Mo., in 1857; remained there till April, 1860, when his father died and was buried near Sedalia ; in 1861 he removed with his mother to Rockford, and came to Rochelle in 1868; he attended the 111. In dustrial State University, and graduated in 1876. Griffith S. farmer; Sec. 5; P. O. Rochelle. Grimes Danl. farm ; Sec 31 ; P. O. Rochelle. Griswold A. shoemaker ; Rochelle. HALL CHARLES R. Agricultural and Farming Implements; res. Ro chelle; born Dec 31, 1831, in Madison Co., N. Y. ; came to DeKalb Co. in 1851, and to Lee Co. in 1855 ; came to Rochelle in 1868, and commenced farming; mar ried Arin C. Hollister in Oct, 1851; she was born in Jan., 1830; had flve children, two now living : Jessie M. and Gratia M. ; have an adopted child, Harry A., born Aug. 8, 1860 ; Mr. H. was a member of the Board of Supervisors of Lee Co. about five years. HALSEY WM. Saloon, under Rochelle House ; res. on Locust St. ; born Nov. 7, 1824, in Washington Co., Pa. ; came to Rochelle in 1856, and commenced farming ; married Mary J. Hastings, Feb. 38, 1849; she was born in Washington Co., Pa., in 1833, and died June 7, 1851 ; had three children: John H., Martha J. and W. H. ; married again Sept. 8, 1853 ; she was born in 1834, and died June 13, 1866; had three children by second marriage : Sam, Mary E. and Annetta. Harding R. R. carpenter ; Rochelle. HARLOW ALDEN, Res. cor. Palmer and Lafayette Sts.; born April 14, 1801, in Albion, Me. ; came to 111. in 1836, and in 1844 returned to Me. ; in 1858 removed to Rochelle, and commenced the carpenter and joiner's trade; married Sarah Ewer Dec 35, 1835; she was born Feb. 7, 1801, in Vassalborough, Me. ; had four children, one now living, Rhoda J. (now Mrs. School- maker) ; her husband died in Oct. 1865 ; are members of the Presbyterian Church. Harper James, P. O. Rochelle. Harris Henry, laborer; Rochelle. HATHAWAY BIORTIBIER D. Attorney at Law and President of the Ro chelle National Bank; res. on Bartholo mew and Holland Sts.; born in Penn, Yates Co., N. Y., April 38, 1831 ; came to Rockford in Sept, 1854; admitted to the Bar in Dec, 1856 ; has been engaged in the practice of law since that time ; in 1861 he removed from Rockford to Ro chelle; has been President of the Rochelle National Bank since 1874; was Alderman one year; married Martha A. Humphrey, at Greenfield, Mass., Jan. 18, 1862; she was born in Gill, Franklin Co., Mass.; they have four children : Grace, Mortimer D., Jr., Frank B. and Katie D. HAYES CLIFFORD, Farmer; Sees. 2 and 3 ; P. O. Rochelle ; born Jan. 23, 1856, in Marion, Ogle Co.; came with his parents to White Rock the same Spring; remained there till Oct., 1877, when he removed to his present farm; owns 124 acres, valued at $50 per acre; married Martha S. James; she was born Sept. 33, 1861, in White Rock; have one child, Walter E. HEALY WBI. Saloon; res. on Cherry St. ; born March 14, 1846, in Sligo Co., Ireland ; came to Rockford in 1853, and removed to Rochelle in 1871; his father died m Ireland Jan. 11, 1850; his mother lives with him; mairied Mary McDer mott, Nov. 33, 1876; she was born in Dutchess Co., N. Y., April 14, 1850; are members of the Roman Catholic Church; was Superintendent of Gas Works at Free- port two and a half years. HEATH F. C. Farmer; Sees. 83 and 34; P. O. Rochelle; born. Nov. 39, 1818; in Broom Co., N. Y. : commenced teaching school at the early age of 18, and con tinued teaching most of the time till 1858 ; came to Ogle Co. in 1850, and located on his present farm in 1869 ; owns 376 acres, valued at $35 per acre ; his flrst marriage was to Amelia Weeks Nov. 4, 1853; she was born in Broom Co., N. Y., July 10, 1833; and died Nov. 5, 1856; had one child, Margery A., born Dec. 10, 1853, and was drowned with her mother in a cistern; Nov. 5, 1856 ; married Harriet Hyde June 30, 1857, by the Rev. Crews, in Rockford; she was born Dec. 31, 1837, in Trumbull Co., Ohio ; they have three children : Addi son H., born April 31, 1858; Warren F., Dec. 7, 1860, and Laura A., Dec 37, 1863; Mrs. H. was educated in Oberlin College, and graduated from the Eclectic Medical College in Cincinnati May 19, 1855. HEIDEKLANG RUDOLPH, Grocery, Bakery aud Confectionery; res. cor. Cherry and Main Sts. ; born Oct 14, 1843, in Germany; came to Milwaukee in 1868, and removed to Chicago in 1870 ; remained there one year, then came to Rochelle; married Lena Schoenholz Nov. 33, 1875; she was born in Lee Co., Oct 5, 1858; had one child, who died July 9, 1877 ; Mr. H. served in the Prussian War in 1866. Henzie Henry; Rochelle. HILB ADOLPH, Boards at Brackett House; Clothing; born Sept 14, 1843, in Muhlin, Wurtemberg, Germany; came to R'lchelle in 1866 and commenced the clothing business with his brother and so continues. HILB EMANUEL, Dealer in Ready- made Clothing, Gents' Furnishing Goods, FLAGG TOWNSHIP. 661 Hats, Caps, Trunks, etc. ; Washington St, res. same building; born in Germany, April 39, 1834; came to Rochelle in 1854; he has been engaged in present business ever since he came here ; has been Alder man ot the First Ward several terms ; has been City Treasurer, and is one of the Directors of the Rochelle National Bank. HILL THOS. W. Res. on Grant St; born Jan. 4, 1796, in Orange Co., N. Y. ; came to Tioga Co., N. Y., Oct 19, 1817, and remained there till April 18, 1834; then removed to Pa., and in 1843, returned to N. Y. ; in 1852 came to Lynnville and remained there till 1874, when he came to Rochelle; married Hester Smith Jan. 19, 1822; she was born Sept. 10, 1795, and died Nov. 15, 1872; had eight chil dren, five living : Mary E. (now Mrs. L. P. Bronk), Abiel, Smith Y., Ruth A. (now Mrs. E. H. Shaw), Hester J. (now Mrs. Doty ; married Mrs. C. E. Prentis Feb. 8, 1874; she was born Oct. 2, 1822; has been a freemason fifty years; served fifteen months in the War of 1812 ; he receives a pension of $8 per month. Hinckly E. A., Rochelle. Hinckley Guss, Rochelle. Hinckley Ivan T., Rochelle. Hinebraugh P. P. flour and feed ; Rochelle. Hinebraugh H. D. miller ; Rochelle. Hines James, Rochelle. Hines Thomas, carpenter ; Rochelle. Hines Thomas, builder ; Rochelle. HOADLEY ALFRED S. Justice ofthe Peace, Notary Public and Insurance Agent; office in Ellinwood and Scranton's building; res. corner Grant and Jefferson Sts. ; born in Richmond, Chittenden Co., Vt., March 13, 1823; came to Hickory Grove (now Rochelle), in Sept, 1848 ; he was engaged in mechanical business until 1854 ; elected Justice of the Peace in 1854 ; has served in that position all the time since, except for four years, from 1858 to 1863; was Town Clerk for several years; flrst wife was Julia A. Cochran of Bethany, Wayne Co., Pa. ; she died July 39, 1873; six children by this marriage, only two living; they are: William C. and Julia Aurelia; present wife was Harriet E. Brace ; married Dec 18, 1872 ; she was born near Watkins, N. Y. ; they have one child, Josephine; Wm. Cochran, father of Mr. Hoadley's flrst wife, came to Jefferson Grove, this Tp., in 1836. Hoadley D., Rochelle. HOADLEY E. Res. on Washington St. ; born in Windsor Co., Vt., Jan. 2, 1800 ; in 1812 came to Chittenden, and in 1854 re moved to Rochelle and engaged in carpenter and joiner business; has been Justice ofthe Peace, School Director, City Clerk ; while in Vt was Capt. of Militia Co. under Gen. Coleman ; married Semanthia Flagg June 20, 1822 ; she was born in Orville, Vt, Nov. 22, 1799, and died March 39, 1849 ; flve children living : A. 8., Josephine B., Sidney C, Albert G. and Willard F. ; four deceased ; married Mary Bishop June 20, 1849 ; she was born in Richmond, Vt, Aug. 10, 1802. HOADLEY L. Butcher; res. on Lafayette St. ; born June 2, 1829, in Lorain Co., Ohio; he came with his father to Winnebago Co. in 1837, and in 1843 came to Lynnville, and came to Rochelle in 1870; married Catherine Ryan Dec. 31, 1849 ; she was born in Livingston, N. Y., June 15, 1833; they had four children; two now living : G. P. (now a Dentist in Byron) and J. N. ; Mrs. H. is a member of the Methodist Church. Hobbs Isaac, laborer. Holcomb W. H. receiver O. & I. R. R. Rochelle. Hooley Daniel, laborer; Rochelle. Hope Christian, shoemaker ; Rochelle. HOPE WBI. Tailor; cor. Washington and Jefferson Sts. ; born in Rochelle Dec. 27, 1856; in 1862 attended Mr. Long's school, he being the principal, and about two years later attended Mr. Howe's school; also Mr. Blanchard's, where he finished his education; commenced the tailoring trade in 1872 ; he is a member of the Roman Catholic Church ; his parents are Edward and Margaret Hope, who came to Rochelle in 1854 ; formerly from Ireland. Horton Joshua; Flagg Station. Horton Morris ; Flagg Station. HOTALING J. R. The subject of this sketch, whose portrait appears elsewhere, was born in Sharon, Schoharie Co., N. Y., March 3, 1834, where he resided with his parents until he was flfteen years of age, when he started to do life's battle by him self. To this end his father bound him out for three years to learn the printers' trade. After serving eighteen months he bought his time and went to New York City, where, after a series of adventures, he flnally succeeded in getting employ ment in a printing office, where he re mained one year. About this time he had an opportunity to go abroad with one Captain Hitchcock, with whose family he had become acquainted, and during an absence of five months visited Antwerp, Rotterdam and other European cities. On his return he was employed as over seer of a wire mill, and by observation learned the trade. A few months later a company of English capitalists started an extensive enterprise of a simibir nature, and Mr. Hotaling, in spite of the fact that none but men who had served their time of seven years in the old countiy, were employed, became foreman of the establishment, where he 662 OGLE OOUNTT DIEEOTOET: remained until the breaking out of the Mexican War. He then enlisted in a company of mounted dragoons from New York and went to Vera Cruz, from there joining the main army, who fought their way to the City of Mexico, he being in the advance to enter the city and one of the last at the evacuation. About this time Mr. Hotaling came very near losing his life in an encounter with guerrillas, and but for the timely assistance of a com rade the sabre cut he received would have been his death wound, and he still carries the scar. After the Mexican War, Mr. Hotaling went South, where he remained three years, when the gi'eat California gold fever broke out, and he had a very severe at tack of "said fever," which took such deep root he concluded to go to the " Land of Gold." To this end he went to New York and was one of a company of sixty who char tered a vessel to take them around the Cape to California. The cabin was beau tifully furnished and every thing beto kened ease and luxury, but when the hour for leaving port came they found, to their surprise and disgust, that the cabin had been stripped of nearly every thing and tin cups and plates put in the place of the rich adornments they had expected to enjoy. To add to their discomforts the vessel proved almost unseaworthy, and they put in at Rio Janeiro, where they made complaint to the American Consul, who compelled the captain to make repairs, which occu pied thirty-one days. During this time Mr. Hotaling was present at a birthday reception of Dom Pedro, the present Emperor of Brazil; shook hands with him and the Empress, and was afterwards, with several others, the guest of the royal family at their resi dence, where the Emperor exhibited great interest in America, its educational and other free institutions. The next port made by the voyagers was Callao, where they remained fifteen days, in the mean time visiting Lima, also. Finally, after a series of interesting adventures, he reached San Francisco in the Fall of 1849, having been eight months and three days on the voyage. He remained here two years,' when, be coming tired of such a rough life, he returned to New York in the Spring of 1851, where he was soon after married to Miss Sophia Waterhouse, ' of Brooklyn. After a few months he determined to try his fortunes in the Western States, and started for Oregon, the present county seat of Ogle County. By a mere accident he found a valuable farm two miles south of Lindenwood, which, by a strange combi nation of circumstances, he was enabled to purchase at one half its real value, and he located at this place. Mr. Hotaling remained on this farm until the Spring of 1853, when, not being altogether satisfled with his success as a farmer, he concluded to go to railroading, and contracted, among other things, to build two miles of the present railroad through Rochelle, which he completed in the Fall of 1853. In 1855 he built the flrst brick store in Rochelle, and in 1856 the first elevator of any size or modern improvements. At the breaking out of the war in 1861, Mr. Hotaling raised a company of cavalry, and, receiving his commission as Captain, went to Springfield, where they became Co. A, of the 3d 111. Cav., well known to be as tine a regiment as ever reported for duty. After a little time. Captain Hotaling became dissatisfied with some of his superior officers, and figured to get two of the companies away from the regiment, which he succeeded in doing, and thinks that with them he did some as good fight ing as was done by any other two com panies in the service. After the capture of Corinth, the Colonel got an order for these two companies to report to their regiment, but through the influence of General Oglesby, the order was changed to include only one which left Captain Hotaling with his own company, only. With these men the Captain never hesi tated to do things which ordinarily would not have been undertaken by a regiment, as he knew his men to be as brave and fearless as any in the whole army. When General Ord came West, he got an order for Captain H.'s company to report to him, where they remained until the General was wounded at the battle of Hatchie. In General Ord's report of that fight he speaks very highly of Co. A, saying that they showed the intelligence of generals, and that they had acted that day as colonels of regiments, captains of batteries, and aides de camp. The wounds of General Ord necessitated his retirement from active service for some time, but he made a request to General Grant that Co. A be kept for him, but he was gone so long that after three months, during which the company had been fighting on their own hook, they were ordered to report to General Logan. After being with Logan a short time. Captain H. was appointed senior aid on his staff, with the title of Major, in which capacity he served with marked distinction to the close of the war. General Logan says of him, " as a brave, diligent and faithful officer, he had no superior in the army," also that he deserved high promotion, and that he must confess to his own shame that it was through his own selfishness that Captain H. was kept on his staff. General C. C. Walcutt, of Columbus, Ohio, told the writer of this sketch at a re-union of the Ai-my of the Tennessee, held in Chicago FLAGG TOWNSHIP. 663 the 15th daj of May, 1868, that he con sidered Major Hotaling one ofthe bravest officers in the fleld, also that our forces, owed their success before Atlanta more to him than to any other one man, and that he had wondered why he did not receive promotion immediately afterwards. Of this. Major Hotaling said, that in the posi tion he then occupied, having the full con fidence of General Logan and the control of 15,000 men, he thought he could be of more service to his country than he could possibly be by any promotion he could hope to get In Februaiy, 1863, while Major Hotal ing was fighting the battles of his country, his wife died of consumption, aged 34 years, leaving two children, Emma Frances, born April 31, 1856, now the wife of W. P. Mallery, of Rochelle, and Charles Lucerne, July 18. 1858, now living in the State of Oregon. Two other children, Frank and Willie, died in infancy. After the close of the war. Major Hotaling returned to Rochelle, feeling he had dis charged his duty to his country, and engaged in buying grain. Dec 9, 1868, he married again to Mrs. Carrie C. Ward, who was born Feb. 4, 1839. By this second marriage there is but one child living, Eugene Jay Ritter, born Dec. 4, 1871, one other died in infancy. In the Fall of 1869, Major Hotaling was appointed postmaster at Rochelle, and still occupies this office. In 1871 he went to Central .^merica, leaving the post-office in charge of his wife, and engaged in railroading under Henry C. Meiggs, re cently deceased, but the climate being very sickly he returned after an absence of six months. About February 1, 1874, Major Hotaling was induced to visit the gold fields of South America, but returned after an absence of about two months, hav ing found the obstacles to be surmounted in gold mining in that climate too great to warrant him in pursuing the undertaking. The reader will readily see that the life of Major Hotaling, so far, has been made up of more kinds than usually falls to the lot of one man, and few men are possessed of more indomitable pluck and energy than he, as his many successful under takings amply testify. HOUGH JOHN S, Farmer; Renter; Sec. 29; P. O. Flagg Station; born Jan. 6, 1852, in Ogdensburgh, N. Y. ; came to Lee Co. with his parents in 1854; in 1862 removed to Whiteside Co., and in 1868 came to Ogle Co. ; rents his father-in-law's farm; married' Emma E. Fisher Sept 11, '73 ; she was born Nov. 8, '52, and died April 7, '75 ; had one child by this mar riage : Minnie M., born June 27, '74; married Frances A. Thorp April 5, '76 ; she was born June 12, '55, in Fayette Co., Iowa; have one child: Julia E., born March 25, 1877 ; Mr. H. is a Republican. HOWE GEO. L. Dealer Manufacturer of Boots and Shoes; he also deals in Leather and Findings; Turkington's Block, Washington St; born in Boston, Mass., Feb. 11, 1823 ; came to Chicago in in 1857 ; engaged in farming in Bremen, near Chicago, until 1862, then removed to Chicago, where he remained until he came to Rochelle in 1864; he has been en gaged in present business ever since he came here ; first wife was Elvira Eldridge ; she died in 1864; they had fom' children; only one, Ella L.. now living; present wife was Ellen M. Patrick, of N. Y. State ; married July 5, 1865 ; they have had four children ; one died in infancy ; the living are: Walter L., Eva F. and Irving C. ; Mrs. Howe is a member of the M. B. Church. Hubbard Theron, Rochelle. Hunt D. farmer ; Sec. 2 ; P. O. Rochelle. Hunt Frank P., Rochelle. Huntley P. farmer; Sec. 31; P. O. Rochelle. Huntley L. farmer ; Seo. 31 ; P. O. Rochelle. Huntley S. H. farmer; S. 31 ; P. O. Rochelle. Hurd E. farmer; Sec. 13; P. O. Rochelle Hurd P. J. farmer; Sec. 13; P. O. Rochelle. HURD P. P. Fai-mer; Sec. 13; P. O. Rochelle; born March 13, 1813, in Tomp kins Co,, N. Y. ; came to Geneva, 111., Nov. 19, 1839, and to his present farm in 1854 ; he owns 365 acres, valued at $35,000 ; married Viola V. Curtis July 1, 1836 ; she was born in Cayuga Co., N. Y., May 10, 1817; had seven children, five living: Franklin, Clara (now Mrs. Mcllvain), Statira (now Mrs. W. B. Marr), and P. J. ; Mr. H. is a Spiritualist and Republican. Hyde H. farmer; Sec. 31; P. O. Rochelle. HYSER SILAS H. Farmer; Sees. 38 and 38 ; P. O. Rochelle ; born Aug. 35, 1830, in Steuben, Oneida Co., N. Y.; in 1854 came to Ogle Co., and located 300 acres of land in- Pine Rock ; in 1867 he removed to his present farm; owns 340 acres land in Ogle Co., and 80 acres in Iowa ; married Jeannette Sluyter Sept 20, 1858 ; she was born Jan. 18, 1837, in Steu ben Co., N. Y. ; have five children : Charles A., born Jan. 25, 1860; Lucy A., Dec 20, 1863; Harriet Ida, May 14, 1864; Williaiii A., Aug. 19, 1865, and Fred H. Sept. 6, 1867 ; members of M. E. Church. TACKSON JOHN, Rochelle. JENKS DR. CHARLES, Veter inary Surgeon; res. Rochelle; born l^eb. 22, 1843, in England ; came to Ogle Co. in 1853, and to Rochelle in 1875 ; served three years in Co. B, 3d I. V. I., and one year in Co. B, 144th I. V. I. ; served as a vet erinary surgeon during the war ; married Eva Stolp Feb. 18, 1877, she was born Jan. 13, 1856, at Aurora, 111. 664 OGLE COUNTT DIEEOTOET! Jones Anson, farm ; Sec. 6 ; P. O. Rochelle. JONES GEORGE, Firm of J.F. Bird & Co., Butter, Eggs and Produce ; Rochelle ; born Jan. 17, 1849, in Concord, N. H. ; came with his parents to Joliet in 1856 ; removed to Rockford, and remained there about one year, then came to Lynnville ; in 1868 removed to Iowa, and in 1873 came to Rochelle; married Carrie Cook April 7, 1873 ; she -was born in Sept, 1853, in Mil- ford, Ills. ; have three children : Harry, born March 15, 1874; Beryl, Sept. 14, 1875, and Edna, Sept. 33, 1876. Johnson George C. Rochelle. Jones H. Rochelle. Jones L. C. milk ; Rochelle. Judson H. D. telegraph operator; Rochelle. KAHALIBR MORRIS, laborer; Ro chelle. Karr Meredith L., Rochelle. Keiley James, Rochelle. Keiley John, blacksmith ; Rochelle. Keiley Thomas, teamster; Rochelle. Kendall Lewis, Rochelle. Kershaw George, Rochelle. Keneston C. H. mason ; Rochelle. Keneston S. laborer ; Rochelle. Kerr Morris, Rochelle. Kimball G. W. lightning rods ; Rochelle. Kimball J. D., Rochelle. King Daniel, Rochelle. KING GEO. W. Farmer; Sec 15; P. O. Kyte River; born May 31, 1880, in Worcester, Mass. ; in 1836 came to Hamp shire Co., and in 1840 removed to Steuben Co., N. Y. ; in 1853 came to his present farm ; he owns 363 acres, valued at $45 per acre; married Rachel Biggers Feb. 38, 1853 ; she was born in Steuben Co., N. Y., June 10, 1830; have flve children: Ida A. (now Mrs. Blackman), Emma L., Mary E., Huldy B. and Ettie M. ; are members of the M. E. Church; has been School Director and Commissioner of Highways. King William, Rochelle. Kirk B., Rochelle. Knit Jas., Rochelle. Kofer C. shoemaker; Rochelle. T ADD JOS. carpenter; Rochelle. Ladd Frank, carpenter; Rochelle. LAKE OSCAR BI. With Andress & West, Rochelle ; born March 10, 1833, in Millersburg, Holmes Co., Ohio; in 1837 came with his grandfather to Rochelle and commenced farming; engaged in grain business in 1858, and so continues; married Mary Miller Sept, 1855; she was born Feb., 1834; have two children: Lucy J. and Chas. P. ; has been Town Collector, Constable and Deputy Sheriff several years. Lamb W. P., Rochelle. LANE JAS. B. Firm of Barber, Lane & Co., manufacturers of Malleable Iron; born in Washington Co., Pa., Dec. 2, 1851; came to Rockford in 1852, and in 1876 came to Rochelle ; he also attends to the sale of lands for his father. Dr. R. P. Lane, of Rockford; mai'ried Anna Sumner Oct 1, 1873 ; she was born in Pecatonica Sept, 1852; they have one child: Robert Sum ner. Larkins Patrick, laborer ; Rochelle. Lattin W. H., Rochelle. Lawler David, drayman ; Rochelle. Lawson 8. laborer; Rochelle. LeClare Lewis, laborer ; Rochelle. Leigh B. J., Rochelle. Leonard Edward, Rochelle. LEONARD HIRAM, Farmer; Sec. 15; P. O. Kyte River; born Feb. 17, 1810, in Delaware Co., Ohio ; came to Tazewell Co., 111., Oct. 28, '34, and the following Feb. came to Ogle Co. ; he owns 500 acres, valued at $50 per acre; married Sarah Randall March, 1842 ; she was born Feb. 10, 1833, in Aleria, Ohio; had thirteen children, six living: Jno., Ransom, Ed ward, Sarah C. (now Mrs. Young, who lives in Iowa), Geo. W. and Allen ; Mr. L. was one of the first Road Commissioners in laying the road from Oregon to the Co. line, south; has been Town Treasurer about eight years. Town Clerk three terms. School Director several terms ; is a Green backer. Leonard Jas. H., Rochelle. Leonard J. farmer ; Sec. 20 ; P. O. Rochelle. Lichty Daniel, physician; Rochelle. Linden Hugh, Flagg Station. LONGENECKER CHARLES O. Dealer in Dry Goods, Carpets, Boots and Shoes, Groceries, etc., Washington St. ; res. cor. Main and Holland Sts.; born neai' Bedford, Bedford Co., Pa., Dec 1,1838; came to Polo in 1857 ; mo^ed to this place in 1861 ; was in partnership here with Isaac Shrinkel eleven years; since then he has carried on his business alone ; mar ried Emma McConaughy, June 23, 1866; she was born in Pittsburgh, Pa , she is a member of the Presbyterian Church. Longenecker William, Rochelle. Longwell Ira T., Rochelle. Loomis George, Rochelle. LOOBIIS HENRY, Firm , of Milne & Loomis, Lumber and Coal, Loomis and Pierce Sts. ; born in Town of Mar ion, Wayne Co., N. Y., Aug. 35, 1840; came to Aurora, 111., in 1844, and removed to Rochelle March 1, 1870; married Sarah M. Swartout Dec. 17, 1873 ; she was born in Olcott, Niagara Co., N. Y. Lorden Michael, laborer ; Rochelle. FLAGG_T0WN8HIP. 665 Lynn Geo. W. farm; Sec. 1 ; P. O. Rochelle. Lynn Isaac, farmer ; Sec. 1 ; P. O. Rochelle. Lynn Jonathan, farm ; S. 1 ; P. O. Rochelle. M cCANN HUGH, Rochelle. JIcCA-NN JAMES, Parmer; Sees. 3 and 3 ; P. 0. Rochelle ; born in Ireland in 1833; came to Canada in 1853; removed the same Fall to N. J., and in 1854 came to Ogle Co., and settled in the neighbor hood where he has lived ever since ; owns 134 acres, valued at $50 per acre ; married Delia M. Condit, July 11, 1857; she was born Jan, 4, 1835, in Essex Co., N. J. ; are members of the Methodist Church. McCarty James, Rochelle. McCarty Larry, Rochelle. McClausey S. H., Rochelle. McConaughy james o. Real Estate, Loan and Insurance Broker ; office in Ellinwood & Scranton's Building; res. Washington St ; born in Pittsburgh, Pa., April 7, 1848 ; came to Lindenwood with his parents in 1853 ; lived there until 1856, when they came to Rochelle ; has been engaged in present business two and one half years ; served six months in Co. H, 140thl. V. I.; married Amelia A. Gard- honse Feb. 16, 1876 ; she was born in Can ada, and is a member of the Presbyterian Church ; Mr. McC.'s father. Dr. John Mc Conaughy, was engaged in the grain busi ness here for a great many years; died Nov. 9, 1869. McConough George M. teacher; Rochelle. McDermott John, blacksmith ; Rochelle. McDermott Peter, Rochelle. McGINNIS ED. Merchant Tailor ; res. Stiles St. ; born in Kings Co., Ireland, May 10, 1844; went to England in 1868, follow ing the tailoring trade, and in 1865 came to Columbus, O., and continued his trade for about two years ; then traveled to ditt'er- ent parts of the country, and in 1869 came to Rochelle; married Mary McDermott Nov. 8, 1873; she was born in Chicago Aug. 13, 1849 ; have two children, Eddie and Mary Ellen; are members of the Roman Catholic Chureh. McGrah Michael, laborer; Rochelle. McHENRY JAMES S. Res. Main St ; born Dec 8, 1834, in Chautauqua Co., N. Y.; came to Ogle Co. in 1849; in 1855 went to California, and returned in 1861 ; enlisted in Co. A, 3d I. V. C, and served three years ; in 1873 went to Salt Lake, and returned to Rofchelle in 1876; he then went to the Black Hills, where he is now en gaged in mining; mai'ried Lovina Setter- ley, daughter of Mrs. Flagg, July 36, 1865 ; she was born in Cayuga Co., N. Y., July 14, 1844; have two children, Bruce and Wilbur. Mcllvaae B. E. carpenter; Rochelle. McKee J. M., Rochelle. McMahon John, carpenter; Rochelle. McMahon Patrick, laborer; Rochelle. McNeal Henry, clerk ; Rochelle. MALLERY I. BI. Bartholomew St.; born in Berkshire Co., Mass., Aug. 38, 1819 ; came to Rochelle May !i!8, 1855 ; en gaged in lumber business for about three years, then commenced grain and stock business and continued in it about ten years; he then discontinued the grain and continued the stock business till 1876; married Tabitha E. Brownell, in Hoosic, N. Y., in 1840; she died in 1851 ; had one child: Mary (now Mrs. Able Bliss, of Chicago); married Sarah J. Thompson • Sept., 1858, in Pownell, Vt. ; she was born in Pownell, Vt, in 1839; has flve chil dren by present wife ; Joseph T., Weir P., Lydia, I. M. and Rose ; Mr. M. was the first President of the Rochelle National Bank ; he has held many prominent offices in Rochelle. Malone Peter, laborer; Rochelle. Malory W. P., Rochelle. March C. C. attorney at law ; Rochelle. Marsh J. F. physician ; Rochelle. BIARR W. B. Farmer; Sec. 10; P. O. Rochelle; living with his father-in-law, P. P. Hurd ; born March 13, 1839, in Rock- ville, Ogle Co. ; was in Stm'ges' Rifies, of Chicago, about nineteen months ; was in the Quartermaster's Department, mostly, during the war ; married Statira, daughter of P. P. Hurd; she was born March 9, 1848, in Geneva, 111.; have one child; Ed gar H., born March 17, 1873. Martin Chas. painter; Rochelle. Martin D. 8., Rochelle. Martine Geo. W., Rochelle. Martin Herman, Rochelle. BIARVIN BORU, Express and Drays; residence Bartholomew St. ; born Nov. 30, 1831, in St. Charles, III.; remained there till 1863, when he came to Rochelle; for two years he followed farming, aud one year at Osage fencing ; married Hattie E. Rice Nov. 38, 1869 ; she was born in N. Y., Aug., 1847. Mattison O. F. Methodist minister; Rochelle. May D. C, Rochelle. 31 AY J. BI. Livery, Washington St.; born in Otsego Co., N. Y., Dec 31, 1834; came to Oneida Co., N. Y., in 1844, aud to Rockford in 1855, and in 1859 came to Rochelle; married Susan E. Short May 7, 1866 ; she was born in Kendall Co., 111., in 1839; they have two children; Louisa S., born March 3, 1869, Earl C, Oct. 33, 1874. Mayer Anthony, baker ; Rochelle. Mead Chas. laborer ; Rochelle. Mead W. H. Rochelle. 666 OGLE COUNTT DIEEOTOET : Meeker Esquire, Rochelle. Meeks George, Rochelle. Merriman Horace. Middledorf Louis, clerk; Rochelle. Miller C. A., Rochelle. Miller Jeremiah, butter dealer; Rochelle. Miller Jno. T., Rochelle. MILLER J. T. Cashier First National Bank; residence on Bartholomew St; born Sept. 14, 1840, in Cherry Valley; came to Rochelle in 1860, and engaged in bank ing; married Lora Miller June 31, 1876; she was born in Cherry Valley, July 30, 1857 ; have one child : Sumner, born April 26, 1877 ; served in 93d I. V. I. for nine months; he has been City Treasurer. MILNE ED3IUND, Firm of Milne & Loomis, Lumber and Coal; born in England, Oct. 16, 1835 ; came to 'Tioga Co., N. Y., in 1848, and came to Whiteside Co. in 1856 and commenced farming, and so continued till 1865, when he came to Rochelle and engaged in the grain busi ness, which he continued till 1873 ; then engaged in present business; married Mary Kershaw in 1850 ; she was born in England, Jan. 5, 1834; had one child; died when eighteen months old in Tioga Co., N. Y. Mills Jas. M., Rochelle. ¦Mills Peter, Rochelle. Minkler H. T. farmer; 8. 35 ; P. O. Rochelle. Minkler M. farmer ; Sec. 22 ; P. O. Rochelle. Minkler Peter, Rochelle. Minkles Frank, Sec. 22; P. O. Rochelle. Misener Daniel, laborer ; Rochelle. Mixer C. L. station agt C. & I. R.R., Rochelle. Monroe W. J. farming implements and seeds; Rochelle. Moore M. S. farmer ; Sec. 31 ; P. O. Rochelle. Moore Stephen, laborer; Rochelle. Moore Thos., Rochelle. Morgan C, Rochelle. Morningstar George, Rochelle. MORRISON ALEX. Engineer for Andress & West; res. on Washington St.; born in Scotland, Jan., 1835; came to Canada in 1849, and followed sailing till 1862 ; then came to Sycamore and worked for Wiswell & Co., in the grain business ; in 1867 came to Rochelle, and in 1872 worked for Boyce & Craft, A. B. McCrae and present employers as engineer; mar ried Ellen Campbell Feb. 13, 1865; she was born in N. Y. State in 1845 ; had five children, four living: Flora B., Alex. H., Francis D. and Mary J. ; they are members of the Roman Catholic Church. Morse A. A. clerk railroad office ; Rochelle. 3IOSS J. W. Barber Shop on Washing ton St. ; boards on Cherry St ; born March 24, 1886, in Randolph Co., N. C. ; went to Indianapolis in 1848, and removed to Cin cinnati in 1863; commenced running on the railroad between Cincinnati and Chi cago in 1865, and in 1869 went to Battle Creek; remained there about one year, then came to Rochelle and started a bar ber shop, which he is now running; mar ried Susan Clark March 28, 1870; she was born in Ind. Oct 25, 1853 ; had two chil dren ; both died in infancy. Murane Ed. mason; Rochelle. MYERS OLIVER C. Carpenter; res. Washington St.; born July 15, 1832, in Oneida Co., N. Y. ; in 1853, went to Dun kirk, N. Y., and removed to Canada in 1853 ; came to Dixon in 1856, and to Ro chelle in 1858; married Eleanor Means Feb. 28, 1861 ; she was born Feb. 29, 1834, in Ireland ; had four children, three now living: Albert D., Margaret A. and Clark; enlisted in Co. H, 140th I. V. I. ; remained about six months ; they are members of the Methodist Church. N BAL PHIN, laborer; Rochelle. Neil Henry, Rochelle. NEVILLE IVM. S. Farmer; Sec. 6; P. O. Rochelle; born Feb. 13, 1834, in Pickaway Co., O. ; -went to Columbus; came to Ogle Co. in 1839, and settled on his present farm in 1858 ; owns 140 acres valued at $50 per acre ; married Mary A. Shottenkirk June 23, 1858 ; she was born May 25, 1839, in Gloversville, Fulton Co., N. Y. ; had two children ; Luella J., bom Nov. 1, 1859, and Nellie B., Nov 10, 1864, who died Nov 28, 1876, of diphtheria; be lieves in the Advent doctrine. Nichols N. H., Rochelle. Nike Harry, Rochelle. Northup Geo. F. foundry ; Rochelle. o GDEN JOHN, farmer; Sec 13; P.O. Rochelle. Osborn E. M. laborer ; Rochelle. OTIS E. L. Editor and Proprietor of the Rochelle Begister. OTIS G. W. Father of E. L. Otis, editor and proprietor of Rochelle Begister; res. Lafayette St. ; born June 30, 1803, in Dan ville, Vt ; in 1824 came to Franklin Co., N. Y., and 1837 went to Pottsdam, St Lawrence Co., N. Y. ; remained there till 1847, and went to N. Y. City in 1853; two years later he removed to Rockford, and Jan. 8, 1864, came to Rochelle; married Eliza C. Holmes Dec 35, 1837 ; she was born Oct. 38, 1803, in Essex Co., Vt.; had five children, three now living; Parmelia, now Mrs. L. Whitney; Laura A., now Mrs. J. C. Whitney, and E. L. Overhizer J. C. insurance agent; Rochelle. ¦pADGETT R. M., Rochelle, PLAGG TOWNSHIP. 667 PARKER JOSEPH, Bookseller, Stationer, Dealer in Wall Paper, etc., cor. Washington and Brice Sts. ; res. cor. Main and Brice Sts.; born in England Aug. 37, 1820; went to Clintonville, Clinton Co., N. Y., in 1833; removed to Gilsum, Cheshire Co., N. H.,in 1833; in the Spring of 1838 moved to Nelson, in the same Co. ; in 1839 went to Stoddard, same Co.; went to Keysville in 1840; worked on farm, clerking and attending school up to that time; was thereafter in a store most of the time until the Fall of 1843, when he came to Daysville, Nashua Tp., Ogle Co., 111., arriving there Sept. 8, 1843 ; was engaged in tailoring and merchandising until 1855 ; had charge of the ferry there one year; in 1855 came to Rochelle, where he was engaged in general merchandising until 1863, since which time he has been engaged in present business, principally in Nashua Tp. ; has been Justice of the Peace, Town Clerk and School Director; since he came to Rochelle has been Tp. School Treasurer ten years. Supervisor several years. Town Trustee, City Clerk, etc. ; was a member of the Constitutional Convention in 1869 and 1870 ; first wife was Susan R. Moore, of Grand de Tour ; she died in May, 1847 ; they had one son, Ernest L., who is now living ; second wife was Julia A. S. Moore ; she died Dec. 37, 1870 ; had five sons and three daughters Isy last marriage ; two sons deceased, John Henry and Ralph; chil dren now living are : John, Kate B., Mar tha E., George F., Alice B. and Louis. PARKER BIINOR, Farmer; Sec 8; P.O. Kyte River; born Jan. 34, 1830, in Cortland Co., N. Y. ; in 1836 came to Hils- dale, Mich., and in 1846 returned to N. Y. ; in the Spring of '51 he went to California, engaged in mining and speculating, and returned to N. Y. City in 1859 ; came to Ogle Co. in 1860 ; he owns 130 acres, val ued at $50 per acre; married Abbie A. Smith Nov. 3, 1863 ; she was born Sept. 19, 1883, in N. Y. City; had six children, five living: Ida B., born Jan. 21, '65, Lawrence A., Feb. 19, '69, Sarah C, Aug. 7, '70, Florence M., Nov. 24, '71, Margaret L., March 13, '74. PARKER SAMUEL J. of the Firm of Parker Bros., Harness Makers and Dealers in all kinds of Saddlery, Robes, Trunks, etc.; Carriage Ti'imming d(me; Washington St; res. cor. Bartholomew and Holland Sts. ; born in England June 4, 1836; came to Wis. in 1854, and to Ro chelle in Dec, 1860 ; he has been engaged in present business since 1861 ; Mr. Parker is Alderman of the second ward; has served four years; married Flora Hause Aug. 30, 1859 ; she was born near Friends- ville, Susquehanna Co., Pa., in Oct, 1837 ; Mr. and Mrs. Parker are members of the Presbyterian Church. Parks Geo. H. farmer; Sec. 22; Rochelle. Patchin if, S. Rochelle House ; Rochelle, Patten D. H. carpenter ; Rochelle. PATTERSON ALEX. Farmer; Sec. 1; P. O. Rochelle; born May 37, 1834, in Forfarshire, Scotland; remained tiiere farming until 1864, when he came to Chi cago, and in 1865 removed to DeKalb Co., and in 1868 came to his present farm ; he owns 130 acres, valued at $55 per acre ; when in Scotland was a member of the Established Church; Mrs. P. is a mem ber of the Episcopal Church; married Jane Baird April 1'7, 1867 ; she was born July 4, 1844, in Ireland ; have five chil dren; Isabella, born Sept 17, 1868, Ande- rana, May 1, 1870, Alex., April 39, 1872, Cordelia B., Oct 7, 1874, and George, June 4, 1875. PATTERSON WBI. House, Sign and Frescoe Painting; P.O. Rochelle; born Sept. 33, 1833 in Preston, England, and learned his trade in Manchester, England; in 1857 came to Cincinnati ; in 1859 came to Clarksville, Tenn.; in 1862 came to Chicago ; thence to Freeport ; in 1867 re moved to Oak Park; remained till 1874, when he came to Rochelle ; married Eliza beth Duncan Feb. 18, 1861 ; she was born Feb. 18, 1845 ; have five children : Eliza beth (i., Amelia, Wm., James A. and Fred. Patterson William, Rochelle. PECK DUANE, Firm of Brink '& Peck, Blacksmiths and Manufacturers of Spring Wagons ; Rochelle ; born June 25, 1833, in Jefferson Co., N. Y., and came to Rochelle in 1866 ; he also carried on this business in his native place; married Clara Barnes Feb. 28, 1856 ; she was born in Oneida Co., N. Y., Dec 16, 1839; had four children, three living: Armeta A., born July 18, 1858, Wm. E., July 20, 1862, Geo., April 22, 1868; served in Co. E, 186th N. Y. about one year; they are members of the Methodist Church. Peirce G. H., Rochelle. Perkins F. J., Rochelle. Perkins G. H., Rochelle. PERRY HARVEY O. of the flrm of Perry & Todd, Dealers in Dry Goods, Carpets, Groceries, etc., Washington St; res. cor. Bartholomew and Holland Sts. ; born in Lee, Oneida Co., N. Y., Dec. 5, 1839 ; moved to Aurora, 111., in 1853 ; came to Rochelle in 1871 ; he has been engaged in mercantile business since 1866; Mr. Perry served four years in Co. A, 52d I. V. I. ; was in all the battles that Regt. was engaged in; married Mary W. Rowell Oct. 37, 1869; she was born in Salem, Mass. ; they have one child : Carrie G. PERRY I. N. Cashier of the Rochelle National Bank ; born in Lee, Oneida Co., N. Y., Feb. 10, 1847 ; came to Aurora, 111., with his parents in 1852 ; moved to Ro chelle Oct. 1, 1871 ; married Anna W. Wilbur Oct. 25, 1869; she died Dec. 5, 1877 ; Mr. Perry Ijas been Cashier of tUe 668 OGLE COUNTT DIEEOTOET: Rochelle National Bank for the last four years. Perry J. S., Rochelle. PHELPS ELKANAH, Res. Main St; born Oct 1, 1795, in Oneida Co., N. Y. ; came to Genesee Co. in 1800, and in 1815 came to Brie, Pa. ; remained there till 1845, when he came to Lake Co., Ind. ; in 1870 he came to Rochelle; married Lucina Miller Nov. 17, 1815 ; she was born at Saratoga, N. Y., Jan. 11, 1799; had eight children, four living: Mary J. (now Mrs. Himebaugh), Charlotte L. (now Mrs. Bruce), Chas. W. and Elkanah W. ; are members of the Presbyterian Church. Phelps J. C. merchant ; Rochelle. Philips B. P., Flagg Station. Philips John, Flagg Station. Pickle Harry, Plagg Station. Pickle Mathias, farmer; Sec. 33; P. O. Flagg Station. PIERCE BBINKLEY, Residence Rochelle ; born in Wilmington, Del., Feb. 22, 1818 ; came to Franklin Co., Ohio, in 1838 ; came to Jefferson Grove and com menced farming in 1845 ; has been Town Collector and Road Commissioner, for several years, being the first Collector of Flagg and Dement; he is a member of the Methodist Church; married Phoebe Brown in 1835; she was born July 15, 1809, and died Dec. 2, 1873; had nine children; seven still living: Clayton, John, Brinkley, Mary E., Sarah J., Matilda A. and Harmon ; married Mrs. Mary A. Nel son July 29, 1875 ; she was born iu Steuben Co., N. Y., Nov. 35, 1835 ; Mrs. Nelson had three children ; one living: Lawrence M. born June 26, 1847. Pierce C. farmer; Sec. 37; P.O. Rochelle. Pierce Harmon, Sec. 31 ; P. O. Rochelle. Pierce John, Rochelle. Pierce Ralph, Rochelle. Porter S. L., Rochelle. POWELL DR. L. C. Veterinary Sur geon; Cheriy Street; born in Franklin Co., Ky., Oct. 19, 1843 ; came to Whiteside Co. in 1855; came to Rochelle in 1877; enlisted in the 13th I. V. I., and was in engagements at Fort Donelson, Shiloh, Corinth, luka, etc.; married Mary S. Hibargen in 1868; have two children: William D. and B. C. Pratt W. H., N. W. R. R. ; Rochelle. Primrose J. farmer; Sec. 3; P. O. Rochelle. Prince James, butcher; Rochelle. PRINDLE JABIES, Farmer; Sees. 5 and 6 ; P. O. Rochelle ; born in Steuben Co., N. Y., May 10, 1817; came to his present farm in 1845; owns 310 acres, valued at $50 per acre ; married Susan P. Walters Dec. 1, 1841 ; she was born in Steu ben Co., N. Y., Sept 5, 1823; had five children; four now living: Almira, now Mrs. Airhart born Sept 24, 1842; Emma, now Mrs. Shoonhover, May 13, 1849; John, Sept 1, 1863, she is a member ofthe Baptist Church ; has been School Director and Road Commissioner ; Mr. P. was 1st Lieut in a Regiment organized in Steuben Co., N. Y. Printice J. W., Rochelle. Putman J. L. druggist ; Rochelle. QR UINN MICHAEL, laborer; Rochelle. AB JAMBS, beer bottling; Rochelle. Rae John, groceries ; Rochelle. Rae R. Hancorn, painter; Rochelle. Rae Robert, Rochelle. RANDALL JAMES P. Farmer; Sec. 38; P. O. Rochelle; born in Tomp. kins Co., N. Y., Dec. 8, 1813 ; came vrith his parents to Lorain Co., Ohio, in 1838; came to Winnebago Co. in 1836 ; removed to Ogle Co. in October, 1840 ; he owns 484 acres land valued at $50 per acre ; married Elenor M. Stewart, July 4, 1840; she was born in Steuben Co., N. Y., Sept 4, 1816; had eight children; seven living; Osborn R., born April 37, 1845; Josephine, Oct 4, 1847; William 8., May 33, 1853; Fred. J., Sept 27, 1854; Alice L., Oct 12, 1856; Owen J. and Frances M., May 1, 1859; was eight years Justice of the Peace ; is a Republican ; Osborn R. served in Co. E., 104th I. V. I. ; served five months at the close of the war. Rathburn C. H. clerk ; Rochelle. RATHBUN W. H. Farmer; Sec. 18; P. O. Kyte River; born July 18, 1837, in Cataraugus Co., N. Y. ; in 1838 came with his parents to Steuben Co., and in 1837 came to Calhoun Co., Mich ; in 1838 removed to his present farm, be being the first settler in this locality; owns 335 acres valued at at $50 per acre; married Sarah Hanners May 3, 1859; she was born in 1837, and died March, 1861 ; had one child, Ida M., born Sept 6, 1860; his second marriage was to Maria Smith Dec. 30, 1864 ; she was born Oct. 5, 1833, in Orange Co., N. Y. ; they have one child, W. D., born March 6, 1866; he has been School Director several terms ; is a Republican. RAYBIOND Z. C. Cooper; P. 0. Rochelle; res. corner Cherry and Palmer Streets ; born Aug. 1, 1884, in Onondago Co., N. Y., came to Oswego Co. in 1844, and in May, 1855, came to Ogle Co. with his parents; his father died in Lee Co., aged sixty-eight; his mother lives with his brother in Monroe, 111. ; married Lavina B. Pavetute June 39, 1863, in Dixon, 111.; she was born May 33, 1844, in Lycoming Co., Pa. ; had five children, three living: Elna, born July 33, 1864; Everett J., March 2, 1868; Irving Clark, Feb. 13, PLAGG TOWNSHIP. 669 1874; are members of the Advent Christian Church. Reed Charles, Rochelle. Reed Henry, physician ; Rochelle. Reed Orland, engineer ; Rochelle. Reed W. painter ; Rochelle. Reynolds Edward, Rochelle. Reynolds E. H. musical instruments; Rochelle. Reynolds Geo. D., Rochelle. Reynolds Simeon, Rochelle. Reynolds L. D., farmer; Sec. 3; P. O. Rochelle. Rhodes Thos. P., Rochelle. Rice Daniel, Rochelle. Rice John, drayman; Rochelle. Richel Thos., Rochelle. Riddle Frank, operator; Rochelle. Ringle Daniel, grain ; Rochelle. Roberts Thos. butter dealer ; Rochelle. ROGERS HENRY O. Attorney at Law ; ofiice corner Washington and Brice Sts.; res. on Washington St; born in Middletown, Vt., March 13, 1831 ; came to Marengo, 111., in 1846; lived there until he came to Rochelle in 1861 ; admitted to the Bar in 1855; he has been Justice of the Peace since 1862; has been Mayor of Rochelle; married Sarah Barber May 11, 1864; they have one son, George Hart; Mrs. Rogers is a member of the Presby terian Chm'ch. Rohley John, Jr., farmer; Sec. 35; P.O. Rochelle. Rohley John, Sr., farmer; Sec. 25; P. O. Rochelle. Rowley Ezra, Rochelle. Rowley G. farmer; Sec. 4; P. O. Rochelle. BOYCE CHAS. C. Res. on Grant St; born July 8, 1819, in Delaware Co., Ohio ; came to Lafayette Grove Nov. 1, 1835, and commenced farming ; he owns about 250 acres land valued at about $10,000 ; has held various offices in the Town of Lafayette ; he also witnessed the shooting ofthe Driscols in 1841; married Margaret Rathburn, Nov. 16, 1839; she was born in Steuben Co., N. Y., Nov. 20, 1819; they had eight children: those living are: Benjamin, born Oct. 39, 1843 ; John W., March 16, 1847; David, March 10, 1853; Sarah Dec 16, 1849; William, July 16, 1856; Benjamin enlisted in the 34th Regt. I. V. I. ; served during the war ; John W. was in the 92d Regt. I. V. I. about one vear KyersonB. R., Rochelle. OACKBTT R. W. clerk; Rochelle. Salyers J. carpenter ; Rochelle. Sanders Geo. H., Rochelle. SCHAALE CHARLES F. Clerk for Francis Glenn & Co.; boards corner Cherry and Price Sts.; born March 29, 1856, in York, York Co., Penn. ; he came with his parents to Portage City, Wis., in 1865, and returned to York in 1866 ; the following year they moved to Lyons, la. ; in 1868 came to Clinton, la., and was in the employ of P. 8. Towle & Co. ; in 1870 removed to Rochelle; Mr. S. is secre tary of the Red Ribbon Reform Club, and M. F. and C. Washington Camp No. 2 of P. O. S. of A. Schemerhorn W. H. butter dealer; Rochelle. Schnider C, Rochelle. Scott Chas. laborer; Rochelle. Scott W. B. barber ; Rochelle. Scranton A. L. hardware; Rochelle. Seaton Myron A., Rochelle. Seaton W. L., Rochelle. Sexton Charles, Rochelle. Sexton B. P. Rochelle. Shafer John, Rochelle. Sharland Geo. H. marble works ; Rochelle. Sheadle W. T., Rochelle. Sherman James B., Rochelle. SHINKEL ISAAC, Dealer in Dry Goods, Boots, Shoes, Hats, Caps, Trunks, and Groceries, and every thing kept in a general store, Washington St., corner Cherry; res. corner Bartholomew and Palmer Sts.; born in West Coventry, Chester Co., Penn., Oct. 8, 1825 ; came to Freeport, May 4, 1848 ; moved to White Eagle Mills in October of the same year; came to Brookville, this Co., in 1852, and to Rochelle in 1861 ; he has been engaged in present business ever since he came here ; married Mary A. Fasnight in June, 1851 ; she was boi'n in Scbr^ylkill Co., Penn.; they have seven children: Sarah E., now Mrs. F. C. Ward; Alice 8., New ton, Frank M., Adelia, Charles, and Sam uel ; Mrs. S. is a member of the Evangeli cal Church. Shockley Demard, capitalist; Rochelle. Simons Robert, blacksmith; Rochelle. Skelly Thomas, Rochelle. SLAUGHTER ADIN, Farmer; Sec. 9; P. O. Kyle River; born March 6, 1880, in Coshocton Co., Ohio; came with his parents to Washington Grove in 1846, and in 1858, removed to Peru, 111.; in 1860 came to Rochelle and followed black smithing, and in 1865, removed to his present farm ; he owns 160 acres, valued at $40 per acre ; married Eleanor Cryder ; she was born Feb. 36, 1886, in Franklin Co., Ohio; had seven children; Laura J., born Feb. 16, 1857 ; Lillie C, Oct 13, 1863 ; Eddie E.. Jan. 6, 1866; Elmer P., Jan. 10, 1869; Mittie M., Nov 11, 1873; and Ella, Dec 13, 1876; Albert died Dec. 13, 1871. 670 OGLE COUNTT DIEEOTOET: SLAUGHTER DANIEL, Farmer; Sec 15; P. O. Rochelle; born Aug. 27, 1838, in Coshocton Co., Ohio; came to his present farm in 1856 ; he owns 160 acres, valued at $50 per acre ; married Hannah J. Parks Sept. 1, '51 ; she was born March 80, 1834, in Coshocton Co., Ohio; had eight children, six living: Mary B., born July, 1853; John P., April 3, 1856; William, Jan 36, 1858; Ada E., Sept 11, 1864; Dana P., Jan. 1, 1873; Vida L., Oct 8, 1875. Slaughter Daniel, Rochelle. Slaughter Fred, Rochelle. Slaughter Thos., Rochelle. Slaughter W. farm; Sec. 35; P. O. Rochelle Smith Amos clerk; Rochelle. SBIITH ENOS, Farmer; Sec 29; P. O. Rochelle; born Dec 28, 1815, in Franklin Co., Ohio; in 1844 came to his present farm ; he owns 86 acres valued at $50 per acre; married Sarah A., Fisher, his first wife, Oct. 8, 1842, in Ohio ; she was born in 1817, and died Oct 1, 1848; married Hannah C. Talley, second wife, in 1850 ; she was born Oct 15,' 1833, in Muskingum Co., Ohio ; had three children by flrst marriage : Columbia A. fnow Mrs. Sampson), born Oct. 2, 1843 ; Mary E., Oct. 15, 1844, died Sept 38, 1865 ; Curtis, Oct 1, 1846, died Oct., 1848 ; had eight children by second marriage ; Clarinda B., born Feb. 5, 1851 died Jan. 9, 1870; Emily, March 5, 1852. died in Infancy; Jacob W., May 11, 1854 Sarah M., June 27, 1856, married A, Troop and died Oct 10, 1876 ; Ella J.. Nov. 31, 1859 ; William L., Sept 4, 1863 Edith A., April 11, 1868; Ernest M., Sept 38, 1873 ; are members of M. B. Church is a Republican ; was elected Town Col lector but refused to serve. Smith G. B., Rochelle. Smith James, Rochelle. Smith Jonas, Rochelle. SBIITH PETER, President of the First National Bank; res. on Washington St ; born in Franklin, Bergen Co., N. J., Dec 31, 1808 ; came to Ogle Co. Aug. 1, 1839; settled in White Rock Tp. in 1840; lived there five or seven years, when he moved to Sec. 36, Marion Tp. ; he was en gaged in farming and stock raising until Dec, 1875, when he came to Rochelle; Mr. S. was Collector and Constable of Marion Tp., School Director there about flfteen years; he married Sarah Foster May 13, 1831 ; she was born in Ireland July 13, 1810 ; they have had ten children, flve now living; they are; Abbie A. (now Mrs. Minor Parker, Margaret (now Mrs. Chas. Russell), Susan M. (now Mrs. Aaron Cass), and George P. ; they have lost flve children, tw6 sons and two daughters died in infancy; one daughter, Emma, died in 1867, aged twenty-seven years; Mrs. Smith is a member of tbe Presbjrter- ian Cburcb, Smith 8. J., Rochelle. Smith W. S., Rochelle. SOUTHWOBTH THOS. G. Farm- er; res. on Main St; born on Nov. 16, 1839, in Dryden, N. Y. ; came to Ogle Co. in 1867; married Malvira A. Preeland April 19, 1855 ; she was born in Caroline, N. Y., Aug. 6, 1834; they have one child, Jno. W.,born April 17, 1856, in Dryden, N. Y. ; Mrs. Southworth's mother, Mrs. Free- land, lives with her; she was born Oct 4, 1803, in Vt ; her husband died in N. Y. Dec. 9, 1854. Spath John, Rochelle. Spath Mathias, Rochelle. Stradford Jno. well driller; Rochelle. Stalford Chas., Rochelle. Stalford Mathew, Rochelle. Spence A. D., Rochelle. Steele G. C. farmer; Sec. 20; P. O. Rochelle. Steele H. engineer ; Rochelle. Steele J. R. carpenter ; Rochelle. Steele Perry, farmer; Sec. 38; P. O. Flagg Station. Stettler Hebron. STILES D. B. Sec. 14; P. O. Rochelle; born in Nelson, N. H., Feb. 5, 1819 ; came to Ogle Co. in 1837 ; he bought an interest in a Saw Mill near Daysville and re mained there about seven years, and in 1858 came to Rochelle and started in General Merchandise business, he being the first merchant in the place; married Emily Mason in 1843 ; she was born in N. H.; in 1870 he married Mrs. Sarah A. Stryker ; she was born in 1839 ; have two daughters by first wife: Addra A. (now Mrs. Spaulding), and Ella G. (now Mrs. Monroe Stiles.) STOCKING WBI. On Main St; born in Franklin Co., Mass., Jan. 3, 1837 ; came to Ohio in 1833, and removed to Ogle Co. in 1839, aud engaged in farming till 1875; then came to Rochelle and commenced in grain and stock business ; Mr; Stocking is Vice President of Rochelle National Bank ; has been Supervisor of the Town of White Rock, has also been Alderman etc.; married Lydia Crill June 37,1847;^ she was born July 18, 1837 ; have had four children; Horace B., born Oct 13, 1848; Dexter, Nov. 33, 1851; Aurora, April 4, 1859; George, Jan. 3, 1864; Dexter died Sept 19, 1855. Storms J. L. coal ; Rochelle. Strickfaden Andrew, Rochelle. Sulivan J. farmer; Sec. 30; P. O. Rochelle SLTPHEN P. M.' Res. cor. Stiles and Brice Sts.; born Nov. 18, 1819, Yates Co., N. Y.; came to Ogle Co. in 1863; settled at Flagg Center, and commenced farming and so continues ; married Mary A. Hol lister, who died ia 1866; have flve chil- FLAGG TOWNSHIP. 671 dren by this marriage: Emmet O., Chas. R., Alida M., Truman P. and John R.; married Maggie Kelly July 4, 1867 ; she was born in Canada in 1839; have three children: Lenora E., Hattie and Henry; last two are twins. Sykes J. D., Rochelle. TALEY MRS. SARAH, Widow of Peter Taley; Farming; Sec. 33; P. 0. Flagg Station ; he was born March 9, 1783 in Newcastle Co., Del., and died March 23, 1859 ; they came to their pres ent farm in 1847; she owns 90 acres valued at $50 per acre; they were married Oct 4, 1839 in Chester Co., Pa. ; she was born Feb. 7, 1799 in Chester Co., Pa. ; had five children; four living; Diana (now Mrs. Taley), Hannah (now Mrs. Smith), Lewis and Ruth R. Taylor Charles, clerk ; Rochelle. Taylor Elijah, butcher ; Rochelle. Taylor John R. carpenter ; Rochelle. Thomas B. L. M. jeweler; Rochelle. Thompson Henry, Rochelle. Thornburg Benj. express; Rochelle. THORP ALFRED, Merchant and Postmaster; Sec. 33; P. O. Flagg Station; born June 15, 1815, io Sutton-Valence, Co. of Kent, England; came to N. Y. in 1830, and settled in Chautauqua Co., and came to Ogle Co. in 1873, and settled at Flagg Station ; owns 8 acres land, valued with improvements at $6,000 ; married Frances Relf, Dec. 35, 1839 ; she was born Aug. 17, 1817, in Kent Co., England; have three children : William E., Isaac B. and A. A. ; William E. enlisted in Co. D, 31st N. Y. V. I.; served two years; Isaac B. enlisted in 1864 in the navy ; he, with his brother, William B., remained there till the close of the war; A. A. is in the grain and coal trade here ; he owns 90 acres, valued at $45 per acre ; lie was born March 6, 1846, in Mina, N. Y. ; married Harriet L. Smith ; she was born June 34, 1847, in Winnebago Co.; had three children, two now living: Alice P., born in March, 1873, and Clara • B., in April, 1876. Thorp Joseph A., Flagg Station. Thorp J. E., Flagg Station. Throop J. A. farmer ; Sec. 31 ; P. O. Flagg Station. Tige Peter, laborer ; Rochelle. Tilton George, Rochelle. Tilton Nathaniel, Flagg Station. Todd G. H. Merchant; Rochelle. Toomey D., Rochelle. Tracy Norris, Rochelle. Trenholm John W., Rochelle. Trenholm J. U., Rochelle. Tunison D. H. farm ; Sees. 4 & 5 ; Rochelle. TURKINGTON GEO. E. Comer Lafayette and Chase Sts.; born June 4, 1827, in Danbury, Vt. ; came to Rockford in 1852, and engaged in R. R. business ; in 1853 removed to Rochelle; he has been town clerk, and is secretary of the Agricul tural Society; married Isabel Marshall Sept 1861 ; she was born iu Madison Co., N. Y., Jan. 7, 1838 ; have two children : George and Anna Bell ; Mr. T. was cap tain Co. H, in 140th Illinois Infantry. , T TNGER HENRY, Rochelle. Unger Peter, furniture ; Rochelle. T rANLOOM J., Rochelle. VAN EBIAN J. H. Capitalist; corner Brice and Stiles Sts.; born in Brown Co., Ohio, March 9, 1831 ; came to Indiana and remained there about five years, and in 1834 came to Kendall Co., 111., and en gaged in farming ; in 1855 came to McLean Co., and in 1864 came to Kane Co., and in 1867 removed to Rochelle ; married Sarah P. Harkness April 13, 1858; she was born in Scotland Nov. 18, 1833; have three children ; Etta J., Blosse M., and Ada E. Vaile D. W. C. physician ; Rochelle. Vaughn Hosea, farmer ; Sec. 6 ; Kyte River. w ADBY JOHN, Rochelle. WADE "WBI. E. Pumps and Cooper Works ; res. on Stiles St. ; born Feb. 15, 1830, in Canada; came to Ogle Co., in 1838, with his father, who died in Rock- ville Tp. in 1839; in 1853 he came to Rochelle ; married Anna Eliza Austin in 1850 ; she was born in 1883, and died April 14, 1856 ; had two children : Mai'y M., now Mrs. Henry Ford, and Effie, now Mrs. L. Gleason ; September 6, 1859 he married Mary A. Bechtel ; she was born Dec. 31, 1835, in Columbus, Ohio ; have one child, Bryant E., born Sept 34, 1863. Waite O. B., Rochelle. "WALKER P.R. Principal of Rochelle School; res. on Bartholomew St.; born July 1, 1837, in Brooklyn, Conn. ; he came with his father in 1856, to Scott Tp., and remained there till 1865, -when he removed to Criston, and in 1873 came to Rochelle; has been teaching since with the exception of three years, at Normal University, where he graduated in 1861; served in Co. K, 93d Illinois Infantry, for three years, and was promoted to 1st Lieuten ant; was in the army of the Cumberland, and joined Sherman on his march from Chattanooga lo the sea ; married Martha E. Webb Aug 16, 1865 ; she was born Dec. 16, 1839, at LeRoy, N. Y.; have one daughter, Fannie E., born Oct 5, 1870; Mrs. W. is a member of the Methodist Church. Walrath Jerry, engineer ; Rochelle. Walters Horace, farm; 8. 3 ; P. 0. Rochelle. 672 OGLE COUNTT DIEEOTOET. Walters Henry, Rochelle. Walters Malcom, butter dealer ; Rochelle. Walters Richard, butter dealer; Rochelle. Ward A. J. carpenter; Rochelle. Ward Ebinger, Rochelle. Ward F. C. stationer; Rochelle. Ward Thos. carpenter; Rochelle. Warren O. A., Rochelle. Warren 8. F. clerk; Rochelle. Way J. T. painter ; Rochelle. WAY "WILLIABl H. Painter; Res. Main Street; born in Glenhand, Dutchess Co., N. Y., Sept 33, 1838 ; came to Rock ford in 1853; came to Rochelle in 1859; married Ethilenda C. Reed Feb. 15, 1861 ; she was born in Penn. May, 1843; had five children; three living; Anna, Merda and Nora. Wayland Jerry, building mover; Rochelle. Weeks George, Rochelle. Welch William, Plagg Station. Werrick V., Rochelle. WEST BENJ. Firm of Andress & West ; Grain; born in Ireland Jan. 30, 1848; came to Illinois in 1848; came to Rochelle in 1873, and then commenced the Grain trade ; married Catherine B. Rhodes Aug. 33, 1874; she was bom in 1845; have two children: Arthur B. and infant daughter; served in Co. B., 12th I. V. I. ; was in en gagements at Fort Donelson, Shiloh, Siege of Corinth, Battle of Corinth ; was wounded at Fort Donelson and Shiloh, and taken prisoner at the Battle of Corinth. Wettstein Otto, jeweler; Rochelle. Wheldon J. R., Rochelle. "WHEELER CHARLES T. Farm er; Sec 7; P. O. Kyte River; born in New London, Conn., Aug 17, 1822; came to Indiana in 1848 ; came to Ogle Co. in 1852 ; went to Minnesota in 1857 ; was through the Indian massacre when forty-three white settlers were killed by the Indians ; returned to Ogle Co. in 1859 ; he owns 65 acres valued at $40 per acre; married Lydia (Cooley Dec 37, 1859 ; she was born in Bradford Co., Penn., Oct 6, 1839 ; en listed in Co. A., 3d Illinois Cavalry in 1862 ; discharged June 34, 1865; the Regiment was in all the battles from Fort Donelson to Mobile ; his father was born in New London Co., Conn., Sept 30, 1789 ; he now lives on the land taken by Colonel Grant, to the Wheelers ; it was formally granted to Chas. Wheeler ; Mr. W. has in his pos session an arm chair brought from Con necticut; it has been in the family about 150 years. Wheeler James, teamster ; Rochelle. Wheeler John, Rochelle. "WHEELER LUKE, Res. Brice St; born in Ireland June 34, 1809 ; came to this country in 1837, and worked at the Calico Print Works in Belleville, N. J., fpr nine years ; came to Chicago in 1846 ; came to Rochelle in 1853 ; married Bridget Barder in 1844; she was born in Ireland Feb. 3, 1816; have flve children; Andrew L., Michael, John, Morris M. and Margaret A. Wheeler Michael, blacksmith ; Rochelle. White B. R. farmer; 8. 14; P. O. Rochelle. White W. B., Rochelle. Williams A. L., Rochelle. Williams Gideon, Rochelle. VI^ILLIABIS JAMES H. Firm of Colditz & Williams, Hardware ; res. cor. Stiles and Chapin Sts. ; born in Washing. ton Co., Pa., Feb. 3, 1884; came to Ro chelle in 1856, and in 1861 returned to Pa. and enli>ted in the 1st Pa. Reserve Cav alry, and in the Winter of '61-63 was promoted to Captain, and remained three years in the service; came to Rochelle in 1867; married first wife, Helen M. Barrett, July 80, 1868 ; she died Feb. 18, 1875 ; married Helen L. Lounsberry June 13, 1876; have two children by first wife; Fred A. and Una M. ; Mr. W. is the lead. ing elder of the First Presbyterian Church. Williams Robert P., Rochelle. W^ILLEY HENRY, Farmer; Sec. 19; P. O. Flagg Station; bom March 9, 1804, in Pineplaines, N. H. ; came to N. Y. in infancy; in 1831 came to Pa., and in 1849 came to Ogle Co. and entered 300 acres of land, and had a law suit over this land lasting several years, and through the eftbrts of Mr. Washburne, Member of Congress, the suit was decided in his favor; this land is valued at $50 per acre ; mar ried Mercy A. Abbctt Jan. 1, 1836 ; she, was born Aug. 1, 1810, in Susquehanna Co., Pa.; had seven children, four now living : Jno. H., Phoebe A. (now Mrs. At water), Betsy M. (now Mrs. Sullivan) and Matilda L. ; Collins B. enlisted in Co. H, 93d I. M. I. ; served three years, and be longed to Wilder's Brigade ; he was born Feb. 16, 1838, and died Dec. 14, 1865, at his father's home. AVILLIS J. N. Clerk, Francis Glenn & Co.; res. on Lafayette St; born June 37, 1843, in Herkimer Co., N. Y. ; came to Rome, N. Y., in 1847, and came to Ro chelle in 1859 ; he enlisted in Co. H, 92d I. V. I., and served three years; was in several engagements; married Eliza Beagle Aug. 17, 1862; she was born in Ind. Sept 4, '42. Winders Thos. G., Rochelle. Wright Richard, Rochelle. ¦XT^BAGER JAMES P., Rochelle. Yonker George, drays ; Rochelle. Young Andrew, Rochelle. Young Jno. 8., Rochelle. I Youngman W, T., Rochelle. BUFFALO TOWNSHIP. 675 BUFFALO TOWNSHIP. ACKEKT ABKAHAM, teacher, Woosung. Ackert Mathew, blacksmith, "Woosung. Adams .^dam, farm.; Sec 24 ; P. 0. Polo. ADAMS JACOB, Farmer; Sec. 23 ; P. 0. Polo ; son of Jacob and Polly Lane ; born April 10, 1818, in Washington Co., Md.; came to Pine Creek Township in the Fall of 1843; the following Spring he moved to Row land's G-rove, and lived there about ten years ; sold and moved to Pine Creek ; lived there about seventeen years ; in 1870, he moved to present farm of 140 acres, valued at $70 per acre ; owns 220 acres in Pine Creek Tp.; in 1836, he married Miss Elizabeth Furry, daugh ter of John and Barbara Cunnagan Furry; born Jan. 10, 1814, in Wash ington Co., Md.; have had twelve chil dren, eight living — Adam, born March 21,1838; EU, March 20, 1840 ; Jacob, Jr., June 4, 1843 ; John, Sept. 5, 1845 ; Daniel, May 8, 1848 ; Zachariah, May 10, 1850; elegit, March 21, 1856; Menzellia, Jan. 1, 1858. Adam lives in Montgomery Co., Iowa ; Eli in Har din Co., Iowa ; Jacob and John in Pine Creek ; Daniel, at home ; Zachariah, in Ringgold Co., Iowa ; Glegit, in Cass Co., Iowa ; and Menzellia, at home. ADAMS PETER N. Farmer ; Sec. 25; P. 0. Polo; owns 100 acres of land ; he was born in Washington Co., Md., June 15, 1837; and in 1842, came to Ogle Co., with his parents (Adam and Susan Adams, who were born in Washington Co., Md.); when he was old enough to wprk, he labored on his father's farm until he was mar ried, in 1860, to Mary C. Yeakle, who bore him two children — Ella, deceased, April 16, 1864; and Emma, born Feb. 17, 1862 , his wife died AprU 18, 1864 ; on the 25th of Jan., 1866, he was mar ried to his present wife, Ann E., daugh ter of Jacob Brubaker, of Polo; she was born June 6, 1841, in Hunting ton Co., Pa.; there were four children born to Mr. Adams by this marriage, viz.: Charles B., born March 19, 1867; Holly, Feb. 26, 1870; George W., Sept. 1, 1872 ; Walter, May 29, 1877, died March 15, 1878 ; Mr. Adams is a Democrat ; and was School Director two years ; Mrs. Adams is a member of the Church of the Disciples. Adams Stephen, carpenter; P. 0. Polo. Alcorn John, painter ; Polo. Albright, Jno., far. ; Sec. 3 ; P. 0. Polo. AEDRICH TILSON, Druggist and dealer in Paints, Oils, Fancy Goods, etc. Mason st. near Railroad ; residence, corner Division and Dixon sts.; born in Douglass, Worcester Co., Mass., June 6, 1816 ; came to Elkhorn Grove, Car roll Co., in the Spring of 1839 ; during his residence there, he was for twenty years Postniaster, Supervisor three terms. Township School Treasurer, etc; came to Polo in 1868 ; engaged in the drug business ever since he came here ; a portion of the time dealing in leather also ; he was one of the incorporators of the Polo Harvester Co., and is President of the Company now ; Mr. A. married Hepsibah Morgan in 1837 ; she was born in Canton, Hartford Co., Conn.; they have one child living ; one son, Myron, died at the age of three years ; Mr. and Mrs. A. are Congregationalists. Allaben Adelbert E. Presbyterian Clergy man; Polo. Allaben J. C. physician ; Polo. AliliEN MRS. SIARGARET, Farmer ; Sec. 33 ; P. O. Polo. Allen Thomas, carp.; S. 28 ; P. 0. Polo. Allen Wilson, merchant ; Polo. Ambrose John, blacksmith ; Woosung. Anderson Alexander, farmer ; Sec. 7 ; P. 0. Polo. ANDERSON AROIiD T.Parmer and Stock Raiser ; Polo ; son of George A., of Virginia, and Elizabeth Freeman, of New Jersey ; was born in Crawford Co., Pa., in 1825 ; came to Buffalo Grove in the Spring of 1848; com menced farming on forty acres, on Sec. 22 ; at the present time, he has the following real estate : 320 acres on Sec. 27, 160 acres on See. 3, 320 acres on Sec. 20, 280 acres on Sec 26, besides 1,120 acres in Lee Co., 111.; has dealt in stock extensively; commenced the 40J 676 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTOEY : Winter with seven hundred hogs and two hundred and fifty head of cattle. Has been School Director for six years ; in politics, Republican ; and is a mem ber of the Methodist Church ; married, Sept. 28, 1847, Miss Lurinda Clark, daughter of J. B. and Charity C. Clark, of Ontario Co., N. Y.; have had eleven children ; seven are now living, as fol lows— -Mattie L., Lot E., Ellen B., George A., L. Emmagine, Howard A., and Laura F. ANDERSON CAPT. JOHN H. Station Agent 1. C. R. R., and Justice of the Peace, Woosung ; owns 300 acres, probable value $12,000. He was born Sept. 22, 1818, in Dublin, Ireland ; in 1832 he went to sea with his father (Capt. John Anderson, who was born in England), who sailed his own vessel to the United States, West Indies, and other countries ; he was with his father for about three years, and made his first voyage to Charleston, S. C. ; altogether .he served an appreni;iceship of about seven years, and afterward went as his father's 2d Mate on a voyage to Trini dad of the West Indies, where he came very near dying from yellow fever, hav ing been bled five limes in one night. In the course of time he returned to Liverpool, where he shipped as 2d Mate on a voyage to Singapore, East Indies, and returned to London, where he heard of his father having taken a cargo to Trinidad, but neither his father nor the vessel was ever after heard of. From London he went to Liverpool, where he shipped as 1st Mate on a voyage to Sin gapore and China. In consequence of a disagreement with the 2d Mate (who was a nephew of the Captain of the ves sel), he was deserted by the Master of the vessel on arriving at Singapore. Fortunately an opium clipper happened to be in port at the time, and Mr. An derson made his case known to the Mas ter, whose name was Pybus. Capt. Pybus kindly told him that he would give him a passage to China ; and on their way up the China sea, a typhoon struck them, which came very near de stroying the ship and all on board. They put in on the coast of China, where there were three or four vessels belong ing to Capt. Pybus, and one of them needing a Mate, the position was offered to Mr. A., who gladly accepted it at $60 per month. He was in Capt. Py bus' employ as Mate for two years, wnen he was appointed Captain of the clipper barque " Sir Edward Ryan," with a crew of 125 men, and sailed her for five or six years. He made three voyages to the Cannibal Islands, and on two occasions narrowly escaped death. He has now in his possession a case of screw-barrel pistols (English make) to which he owes the preservation of his life on more than one occasion. He came to the United States, arriving in Boston, Mass., July 17, 1856, and came to Ogle County in October of the same year. He was married Aug. 14, 1856, to Elizabeth F., daughter of Augustus A. Roundy, of Woburn, Mass. ; she was born Nov. 14, 1830. They have one child — Charles F., born Jan. 17, 1869 ; they lost one child — Henry A., born May 25, 1857; died Aug. 14, 1858. Capt. Anderson is a Republican, and is now serving his fourth term as Justice of the Peace ; he is Town Au ditor, and was School Director for two or three terms ; he is a member of the Baptist Church of Dixon, of which de nomination Mrs. Anderson is also a member. Angle David M. retired farmer, Polo. Angle Jacob M. farmer, S. 5 ; P. 0. Polo. Annon John G. farmer. Sec. 7 ; P. 0. Woosung. Antrim E. G. dealer in horses. Polo. APLINGTON JOSHUA C. Farmer, Sec. 4; P. 0. Polo; owns 124 acres of land ; born in Sandford, Broome Co., N. Y., March 6, 1824; came to Mt. Morris Township, Ogle Co., in 1857 ; moved to his present lo cation in 1861 ; he has served ten years as Township Highway Commissioner; is now serving for the" third term ; he has been School Director many years ; married Mary Nichols May 28, 1855 ; she was born in Andes, Delaware Co., N. Y., June 29, 1829. She is a mem ber of the Presbyterian Church ; Mr. A. is a Baptist. Mrs. Aplington's pa rents, Wm. and Jane (Look) Nichols, came to Buffalo Township, Ogle Co., in Oct., 1836 ; they both died here. Apple Andrew B. farmer, Sec. 32, Polo. BUFFALO TOWNSHIP. 677 APPLE WILLIAM H. Farmer, Sec 4, Polo ; owns 75 acres of land ; probable valuation, $5,000. Mr. Ap ple was born Aug. 14, 1832, in Luzerne Co., Pa., where he followed a general mercantile business for several years. In 1861, ho came West to Ogle Co., and settled in this township, where he has since resided. He was married Oct. 19, 1870, to Miss Alpha L. Spencer, daughter of John J. and Mary A. Spencer, of Luzerne Co., Pa. ; she was born July 8, 1846. Mr. Apple is Re publican in politics, and was Road Mas ter for one term and School Director for three years. He is a member of the Society of Patrons of Husbandry, and is a member of the Lutheran Church. APPLEFORD ISAAC D. Dealer in Agricultural Implements, Pumps, Wind Mills, Seeds, Wagons, Carriages, etc., cor. Mason and Division streets ; resides on Franklin street. Polo ; born in Canada West, Jan. 1, 1839; came to Ogle County in 1856 ; engaged in farming and teaching until he engaged in present business in 1873. Mr. A. was Commissioner of Highways in Lin coln Township ; he is Alderman of North Ward, Polo ; has served in that capacity since 1875 ; married Maria L. Lawrence, Jan. 1, 1862 ; she was born in this township ; they have one child — William E. ; lost one, daughter, Katie, who died Oct. 11, 1867, aged one and a half years. Mrs. Appleford is a member of the M. E. Church. Atkins W. G. Constable, Polo. Atley John, lumber salesman. Polo. AVEY LEVI, City Marshal, Polo, Ogle Co. ; was born Feb. 15, 1841, in Bucklestown, Va., and came with his parents (George and Nancy Avey) to this county, and settled in Maryland Township in 1846 ; when old enough to work, he assisted his father on the farm, and went to school between times until he was 2^ years old, when he went to Montana in 1864, in search of gold ; he worked there in the mines for eigh teen months, when he came back to his home in Maryland otownship, and after a short stay started West to Colorado, and was engaged in various pursuits in the gold mines for two years, when he again returned to his home in Maryland Township in August, 1868. He was married Nov. 22, 1865, to Mary J., daughter of Thomas Rummonds, of Pine Creek Township ; she was born Aug. 24, 1848 ; they have one child — Mary, born Aug. 9, 1866. Mr. Avey is Independent in politics, and was elected City Marshal March 12, 1875, for one year, and was re-elected March 12, 1877, which term he is now serving. He runs a cider-mill and vinegar factory and does quite an extensive business in this line ; his cider press is the " Syra cuse press," the only one of the kind in the county. He is also an Auctioneer and General Trader. Ayres Charles H. farmer and Agt. Stover's Wind Mills; S. 8 ; P. 0. Woosung. Ayers Dwight B. farm. ; S. 29 ; P. 0. Polo. Ayres Samuel R. farm. ; Sec. 8 ; P. 0. Woosung. AYRES SILAS, Farmer ; Sec 29 ; P. 0. Polo ; owns farm of 60 acres ; he was born in Amherst, Mass., Jan. 24, 1820 ; in Nov. 1856, he came to Byron, Ogle Co., 111. ; Mr. Ayres' first wife was Eliza Hawley ; she was born in Hadley, Mass., Oct. '22, 1822 ; they were married Feb. 25, 1840 ; she died Sept 11, 1854; they had six children, one son — Dwight B., now living ; he was born at Amherst, Mass., March 3, 1841 ; Mary F. was born Nov. 7, 1844, and died Dec. 9, 1858; Henry M. was born Feb. 3, 1847, and died Nov. 11, 1866; Francis N. was born March 13, 1849, and died Nov. 4, 1858 ; two children died in in fancy ; Mr. Ayres' present wife was Lois Hawley; date of marriage Nov. 27, 1856 ; she was born in Hadley, Mass., Sept. 1, 1809 ; Mr. and Mrs. Ayres are members of the Lutheran Church ; Dwight B. Ayres came to Ogle Co., with his father in 1856 ; he enlisted in Co. E, 92 111. Mounted Inf, August 15, 1862; mustered into service Sept. 4, 1862 ; he was in all the engagements his regiment participated in until after the battle of Atlanta ; he was mustered out June 21, 1865 ; he married Emily P. Schryver, Sept. 26, 1865 , she was born at Tioga Center, Tioga Co., N. Y. April 30, 1844; they have three chil dren — Francis N., born Nov. 19, 1868; Minnie E., May 27, 1871, and Arthur, Oct. 5, 1873. 678 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY: "T)-AER MATHEW. BAER HENRY H. Parmer; Sec. 5 ; P. 0. Polo ; owns 120 acres in Sec 5 and 60 acres in Sec. 8 ; Mr. Baer was born in Manor Township, Lancas(;er Co., Pa., Oct. 2, 1851 ; came to 111. in 1857 ; came to Of-'le Co. in April, 1875. Baker Daniel E. carpenter ; Polo. BAKER ELIAS, P. 0 Polo. Baker Jacob, tenant farmer ; S. 15 ; P. 0. Polo. Bamborough Jerry, restaurant ; Polo. BAMBOROUGH WM. J. Far mer ; Sec. 28 ; P. 0. Polo ; born in Lancaster, Pa., Jufae 19, 1849 ; came to this county in 1866; married Emily Jennie Wilder, Sept. 28, 1869 ; she was born in Onondaga Co., N. Y., Feb. 19, 1849 ; they have three children — Claude,born April 2, 1873 ; Jerry, Oct 8, 1874, and Maud, Jan. 28, 1877. Bane William, laborer; Polo. Barber Bryant H. Polo. Barber Henry D. banker ; Polo. BARBER CHANCEFORD R. Banker ; res. cor. Mason and Fulton sts. ; Mr. Barber was born in Wards- boro, Windham Co., Vt., Oct 2, 1818 ; he came to Buffalo, Ogle Co., 111. in 1843 ; he was engaged in mercantile business there with his brother, Lemuel F. Barber, until the Autumn of 1856, when he came to Polo ; since his removal to this place he has been engaged in banking, and largely interested in real estate, being the owner of a large amount of property in Buffalo and adjoining townships ; Sept. 6, 1849, he married Lucie H. Eager, of Newfane, Windham Co., Vt. ; they have had three children — Gertrude T., died Feb. 8, 1867, aged 15 years ; two sons now living — Bryant H., bore Jan. 12, 1853, and Henry D., March 3. 1855 ; both of whom are asso ciated with him in business. BARBER CHARLES FINCH. Dry Goods. Clothing, Boots, Shoes, etc ; Polo ; ancestors on maternal side named Finch, emigrated from England in 1630 with Gov. John Winthrop, and were prominent in the early history of Massa chusetts and Connecticut ; ancestors, paternal side among the earliest settlers of Massachusetts and Vermont ; son of Dr. Luther H. Barber and Julia Finch ; born Nov. 8, 1836 atPoestenkill, Rensse laer Co., N. Y. ; came to Buffalo Grove, Ogle Co., 111. Oct 16, 1854; engaged as clerk in the store of C. & L. N. Bar ber; removed to Polo in the Fall of 1855, with L. N. Barber; on the event of his death in July, 1859, became his successor in business with Walter W. Peirce as partner, under firm name of Peirce & Barber ; at the opening of war with the South, enlisted as private in Co. H, Capt. Morton D. Swift, 15th 111. Vol. Inf; in April, 1861, promoted to Adjutant ; participated in Freemont compaign in Missouri in 1861 ; Grant's campaign up the Cumberland and Ten nessee Rivers in Feb. and March, 1862, to Fort Donelson, Fort Henry, Pitts burg Landing or Shiloh, Siege of Corinth, Holly Springs, Tallahatchie River, Grand Gulf, Haines' Bluff, Siege of Vicksburg ; resigned army position after surrender of Vicksburg, July, 1863 ; resumed mercantile life with his partner, who had continued business during his absence ; associated with them Wayland S. Goodhue ; in 1867, Reed M. Pearson purchased the interest of Mr. Pierce, when the firm he- came C. F. Barber & Co. ; in 1873, Mr. Barber purchased the interest of Messrs. Pearson & Goodhue, and continues the business at the present time ; married Oct. 23, 1866, to Mary Louise Coons, of Brunswick, Rensselaer Co., N. Y. ; has one son — Henri Newton Barber, born Augi 4, 1871. Barkman William H. blacksmith ; Polo. Barnes Cyrus, laborer ; Polo. Barnes Oscar, laborer ; Polo. Barnes Russell, teamster ; Polo. Barnhizer David, farmer ; Sec. 13 ; P. 0. Polo. Brown Jacob, laborer ; Woosung. Barrett William J. Bassett Mortin F. Town Assessor and City Treasurer ; Polo. Bassett Peter, farmer ; Sec. 22 ; P. 0. Polo. Beach Matthew, lab. ; Polo. Beamee Edwin E. billiard hall ; Polo. Beam Samuel, farmer ; P. 0. Polo. Beard Daniel W. grocer ; Polo. Beard Solomon, auctioneer and grocer; Polo. Beck John, farmer ; Sec. 33 ; P. 0. Polo. Becker Henry, harness maker ; Polo. BUFFALO TOWNSHIP. 679 Bennett George, harness maker ; Polo. Bennett Nathan C. farmer : P. 0. Polo. Bentley Gilbert, farm. ; S. 13 ; P. 0. Polo. Berger Nelson, Polo. Berger Samuel, Polo. Betebener Samuel, retired farmer ; Polo. Betebener Samuel G. plasterer ; Polo. Bingaman Joseph, butcher ; Polo. BINGAMAN & CUNNING HAM, Dealers in Groceries, Flour, Provisions, etc., cor. Mason and Frank lin streets. John Bingaman, res. on Franklin street, was born in Northum berland Co.. Pa., Feb. 16, 1826; he came to Buffalo Township, Ogle Co., 111., in 1841 ; engaged in farming and car penters' work until 1859 ; was for four years Assessor of this township ; in 1873, he was Alderman of the North Ward ; he is a Director in the Exchange National Bank; in 1861, engaged in present business ; married Elizabeth Schore, Feb. 24, 1856 ; she was born Schuylkill Co., Pa. W. H. Cunning ham, res. on Franklin street, he was born in Washington Co., Md., May 21, 1841 ; came to Polo in 1858 ; has been engaged in present business nineteen years ; married Delia Sandford, June 14, 1868 ; she was born in Old Buffalo, Ogle Co. ; they have four children- Cora, Frank, Fannie and Carrie. Bisbee Austin, farmer ; P. 0. Polo. Black Cochran S. miller ; Polo. BLAKSLEE CHARLES G. Professor of Instrumental and Vocal Music; Polo; was born July 27, 1840, in Bradford Co., Pa. ; at a very early age he developed a talent for music, and neaily all of his spare time was devoted the cultivation of those talents, having taken several courses of instruction from several musical professors, among whom, most notably, was George F. Root, now of Chicago ; during the term he spent with Mr. Root, he had for a class-mate, Mr. P. P. Bliss, who was killed in the dreadful railroad accident that occurred at the breaking of the railroad bridge at Ashtabula, Ohio, in 1876; Mr. Blaks- lee commenced instiuction in music when only 19 years old ; he enlisted in the 75th I. V. I., Aug. 22, 1862, for three years, but was honorably dis charged (by reason of disability), July 27, 1863, at Winchester, Tenn. ; he re turned to Carroll Co., 111., where he was married March 27, 1864, to Sarah C, daughter of Samuel Saylor, of Wash ington Co., Md. ; she was born Feb. 24, 1841 ; they have one child — Guy 0., born June 15, 1875 ; they lost one child —Nellie M., born May 15, 1869 ; died May 5, 1871. Mr. B. is a Republican, and was Township Collector, in Carroll Co. ; he is a member of the Christian Church, of which denomination Mrs. Blakslee is also a member. Bogheldt Michael, Sr. laborer ; Polo. Bogardus John, carpenter; Polo. Bogue Virgil H. farmer ; Sec 21 ; Polo. Bohner Abraham, speculator ; Polo. Bomberger John M. Postmaster ; Woo sung. Boon Hezekiah, farmer ; Polo. Borgheldt Michael, laborer ; Polo. Bopp David, laborer ; Polo. Bovey John, Sr., retired firmer ; Woo sung. Bovey Samuel B, Woosung. Boward Jacob, laborer ; Polo. Bowers Philip W. telegraph operator ; Polo. Bracken Robert T. engineer ; Polo. Brand George, farmer ; S. 4 ; P. 0. Polo. Brand Isaac, retired farmer ; Polo. Brand L. A. farmer ; Sec. 4 ; P. 0. Polo. Brimblecom Fred, farmer ; Woosung. Brimblecom Henry, farmer ; Woosung. Brooks John, drayman ; Polo. Brown Chas. laborer ; Woosung. Brown H. C. railway mail agent ; Polo. BROWN .TOHNW. Manufacturer of Carriages, Buggies, Platform and Democrat "Wagons, Cutters and Sleighs ; all kinds of repairing done ; manufac tory on Franklin street near Mason ; residence on Congress street; born in Berkley Co., Va., May 9, 1838 ; came to Polo in Sept., 1875 ; he has worked at present occupation since 16 years of age ; married Mary E. Myers, March 29, 1871 ; she was born at Clear Spring, Wasbington Co., Ind.; they have had four children ; one died in infancy ; the living are — Lena V., Sarah Daisey, and Ralph Martin ; Mr. Brown is a member of the M. E. Church. Brubaker John H. merchant ; Woosing. BRUBAKER JACOB K. Farm er ; Sec. 25 ; P. 0. Polo ; son of Ben jamin and Elizabeth Kauffman B.; born 680 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY : Sept. 6, 1834, in Huntington Co., Pa.; came with parents in the spring of 1847 to Pine Creek Township, where they located on a farm of 1 60 acres; in 1864 he came to Buffalo Township and pur chased a farm of 80 acres, valued at about $60 per acre; in 1860 he married Miss Ann A. Adams, daughter of Adam and Susan Adams ; born Jan. 23, 1839 ; have two children — Ida May, born Dec 1860 ; Charles H., Feb., 1862. BUCK CHRISTIAN L. Hedge Dealer ; Polo ; born in Old Buffalo, this township, Sept. 11, 1852; his parents came to this county in 1847 or 1848; his father, John S. Buck, died here in 1863, aged 42 years; he was a native of Huntingdon Co., Pa.; his wife was Elizabeth Lutz ; she was a native of the same county ; she died in the same year, 1863, at the age of 40 years. Buck Henry, farmer ; S. 24 ; P. 0. Polo. Burbank H. C. agent Polo nursery ; Polo. Buck D. farm laborer ; P. 0. Polo. BURNS WM. W. Physician and Surgeon ; Polo ; whose portrait appears in this work, was born in Mercersburg, Franklin Co., Pa, May 10, 1821 ; in 1838 he went to Chambersburg, Pa., and was engaged in teaching school, and pursued the study of medicine up to the year 1841, when he removed to Cincin nati, 0.;in 1842 he entered the Univer sity at Louisville, Ky., from which insti tution he graduated in 1843 ; in 1848 he came to Buffalo Grove, Ogle Co., and engaged in the practice of medicine ; upon the opening of the Illinois Central R. R. he transferred his residence to Polo, and has been and is at the present time actively engaged in the practice of his profession, which is both large and lucrative ; he has always been actively engaged and prominently identified with the educational inl;erests of Polo, having been for the last fitteen years President of the Board of Education, being re elected to this position five times, and the last having but one diss'mting vote ; notwithstanding great opposition, he has made, by his untiring efforts, the citizens of Polo mainly indebted to him for their Public School Building, one of the fin est edifices "in Northern Illinois; one of the first houses in Polo was built by him; he has filled the office of Mayor three years, and served two years as President of the Board of Town Trustees, previous to city incorporation ; married Harriet M. Moffatt at Buffalo Grove, Dec. 2, 1852; they had four children ; two died in infancy ; two living — Mary E. and Elbert L.; Mrs. Burns is a member of the Congregational Church. /^AIRNS JAMES, carpenter. Polo. Calahan Patrick, saloon keeper, Polo. Callahan John, laborer. Polo. CAMPBELL JOHN D. P 0. Polo, was born July 21, 1830, in Ulster Co., N. Y. In 1831 his parents moved to Delaware Co., N. Y., and settled in Middletown. In 1840 his father, Henry Campbell, died, and John D. left home to make his own way in the world, and from that time until he was seventeen years of age he worked during the Sum mers and attended school Winters. In 1847, he taught the Public School at Margarettville, Delaware Co., N. Y., during the Winter term, and the foUow ing year entered Hanford's Seminary at Hobart, in the same county, where he remained as a student one year. He was then made Principal of the Hobart Public School, and was connected with the educational institutions of this place until his appointment to represent the county in the State Normal School at Albany, where he graduated April 4, 1850. He then became Principal of the Public School of Verplank, West chester Co., N. y., and two years later Superintendent of the West Lake Farms Union School in the same county, where he remained two years. Having devoted his spare moments since gradu ating from the Normal School to read ing law, he next entered the law office of Hon. Edward Wells, at Peekskill, N. Y., where he remained until July 3, 1855, when being examined before the Supreme Court was admitted to practice in all the courts of New York as attor ney and counselor at law. In the Au tumn of 1855, Mr. Campbell settled in Polo, and engaged in the practice of his profession, where ho has remained to the present time. Dec. 22, 1859, he married Mary Elizabeth, daughter of the late Capt. Hiram Cutts, and has now two daughters — Jui lata and Mignonette, BUFFALO TOWNSHIP. 681 aged sixteen and eleven years respect ively. Mr. Campbell has filled many local offices, including that of Super visor, Town Clerk, Mayor of the city, and City Attorney, and for nine success ive years was a member of the Board of Education. In 1862, he was ap pointed Enrolling Commissioner of Ogle County by Gov. Yates. From 1861 to 1865, he conducted The Polo Press, as its Editor and Proprietor. In 1872, he was elected States Attor ney for Ogle County, and was re-elected in 1876. For the past six years he has been continuously re-elected by the Board of Supervisors as Attorney for the county, and his practice has been both a successful and lucrative one. Campbell Mark, farmer; Woosung.- CARLL JOEL R. Retired; Polo ; son of Treadwell and Hannah Carll, Suffolk Co., L. I. ; was born Oct. 22, 1822 ; came West in the Fall of 1847, and to Mt. Morris in the Winter of 1848, and settled on 160 acres. Sec. 26, of the same township ; in 1870, moved to Polo, where he now resides, having retired from active labor. During his residence in Mt. Morris Township, he was Supervisor and Commissioner of Highways for ten to twelve years, and laid out most of the roads of the west ern portion of the township.; was School Trustee and Township Treasurer. In 1846, he married Miss Esther H. Mack, daughter of Nathaniel and Nancy Mack, of Tompkins Co., N. Y. They had five children (three deceased), two living, namely, Emma M. and An nie L. ; wife died in 1871 ; married a second time. Miss Elizabeth New comer, daughter of Jacob and Susan Keedy, of Mt Morris, in 1872 ; no children. During the late war, Mr. C. was one of the most active of its citi zens in filling the township quota of soldiers. Carll Lyman S. grain dealer ; Polo. Carley Wm. G. carriage maker ; Polo. CARPENTER D. D. Farmer ; Sec 28 ; P. 0. Polo ; owns 90 acres, proba ble valuation $6,750 ; Mr. Carpenter was born Nov. 4, 1808 in Montgomery Co., N. Y., where he followed the busi ness of blacksmithing for several years, and also ran a grist-mill in Delaware Co., N. Y., for seven years ; he was mar ried March 12, 1829, to Olive, daughter of John Veghte of Montgomery Co., N. Y. ; she was born May 15, .1809; they have five children — -Ann C. ; Edwin J., Jane E., Mary and Francis R. ; they lost one child, Adeline, who died Feb. 21, 1850; Mr. Carpenter was Town Constable for seven years, and Town Col lector three years in Montgomery Co., N. Y. ; in 1854 he came to Ogle Co. and settled in this township ; he is Rep. in politics, and was Poormaster for three years; Assistant Postmaster three years ; Road Commissioner one year, and School Director for about fifteen years ; he is a member of the M. E. Church, of which denomination Mrs. Carpenter is also a member. Carpenter J. W. farmer ; P. 0. Polo. Carp nter Martin L. lab. ; S. 3 ; P. 0. Polo. CAVANAGH LAWRENCE, Farmer ; Sec. 4 ; P. 0. Woosung ; owns 100 acres land; probable value $6,000 ; Mr. Cavanagh was born March 23, 1838, in Dublin, Ireland ; he came to the United States (arriving in N. Y. City) in 1850; and came to Ogle Co. in 1852 ; he worked by the month at farm ing for three years ; in 1867 he pur chased the farm he now lives on, and was married June 17, 1872, to Mary A., daughter of Owen Graham of Buffalo Township ; she was born June 10, 1850 ; they have three children — Maggie M., born May 10, 1873 ; Jane G., August 6,1875; Nellie A., March 19, 1877; Mr. Cavanagh is Independent in politics, and was Road Master for one term ; the family are members of the Catholic Church. Cavanaugh Wm. farm. ; S. 4 ; P. 0. Woo sung. Castle Samuel, butcher ; Woosung ; CHAFFEE GUS. Dealer in Confec tioneries, Fruit and Oysters, 48 Mason st,. cor. Divison ; Mr. Chaffee manufactures choice home-made candies, and keeps a full supply of " French and American Candies of best Manufacturers ;" he also has a store in Exchange Bank Block, Franklin st, next door to the post office, where he keeps a fine stock of Confec tionery and Fruits ; parties and families supplied with Ice Cream of the finest quality. 682 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY : Chapman G. L. physician ; Polo. Chase Arza B. retired ; Polo. CLARK SAMUEL C. Agent I. C. R. R. and American Express Co. ; Polo, Ogle Co., 111. ; Mr. Clark was boin May 27, 1847 in Busti, Chautauqua Co., N. Y., where he went to school and clerked for his father, Valentine C. Clark, who carried on the dry goods business ; when he was 19 years old he went to Hastings, Minn., and lived there for about eight months, and then came to Buffalo Tp., and settled in Polo, where he went to work for the I. C. R. R. Co., and by a faithful discharge of his duties was pro moted from one position to another, and now represents the I. C. R. R. and American Express Cos., as their Agent ; in politics, Mr. Clark is a good Demo- Clark Samuel W. City Clerk ; Polo. CLINTON J. W. Polo; whose protrait appears in this work, is a native of Delaware Co., N. Y., where he re ceived an academic education ; in the Autumn of 1857, he removed to Polo; his first occupation was teaching the old town school during the Winter of 1857- 58 ; the next Summer he taught a select school in the " old seminary " at the old town ; the greater part of the next eight years, he spent in teaching in the schools of Buffalo, Polo and Forreston ; on the 1st of August, 1865, he became editor of the Ogle Co. Press, which position he has occupied to the present time ; under his management the Press has attained a circulation about five times as great as when it passed into his hands, making it one of the strongest papers in the county ; it was the first local news paper in Northern Illinois which advo cated prohibition of the liquor traffic. For some years he was also connected as publisher with the Forreston Journal, and the Poultry Argus ; has occupied various town offices, and i.s at; present Postmaster, under whose management the receipts of this office have been con siderably increased ; he is also and has been for several years Treasurer '' Illi nois Press Association." In 1861, mar ried Miss Carrie A. Perkins, youngest daughter of Timothy Perkins ; their children are Georgianna, Evangeline, George P., John D., Bertie F., and Edgar M. ; two of them, Georgianna and Bertie, died in infancy. Clopper Harry M. clerk ; Polo. Clopper Joseph, clerk ; Polo. Clopper J. G. A. cooper and Town Col lector ; Polo. Coe Clinton D. farmer ; Sec 1 ; Town ship 22 ; P. 0. Polo. Coffin Hiram, laborer ; S. 17 ; P. 0. Polo. Coleman Christopher, farmer ; Sec. 35 ; P. 0. Woosung. Coleman Frank, farmer ; Sec. 35 ; P. 0. W( osung. Coleman Francis, farmer ; Sec. 35 ; P. 0. Woosung. Connor Michael, laborer ; Woosung. Connor Thomas, Section Boss I. C. R. R.; Woosung. Cooper F. B. teacher ; Polo. Cooper Wm. T. blacksmith ; Polo. Cornelius Elias, farmer; P. 0. Polo. Cornelius John, teamster ; Polo. Cornelius Richard S. City Weigher ; Polo. Cornelius Steele A. cigarmaker ; Polo. Cornwall W. M. grain dealer ; Polo. Courrier Thomas. Covar Peter R. farmer ; S. 18 ; P. 0. Polo. Craft Jacob, farmer ; Sec. 7 ; Township 22 ; P. 0. Polo. Cramb Jas. 0. Methodist clergyman ; Polo. Crass Gavin, farmer; Sec. 6 ; P. 0. Polo- CUSHMAN CHARLES F. Re tired Farmer ; P. 0. Polo ; son of Salmon and Phila Cushman ; was born Oct 24, 1811 , in Georgia, Franklin Co., Vt.; came West May, 1836 ; and in the Spring of 1837, located on a farm of 160 acres, in Sec. 1, Tp. 23, Range 7, in Buffalo Grove, Ogle County ; here Mr. C. lived for thirty years, until 1870, he disposed of his farm and moved to Polo, where he now resides, having re tired from active labor. In Nov. 2, 1837, he married Miss Mary Water bury, daughter of John and Phoebe Waterbury, who became residents of Buffalo Grove in the Autumn of 1836 ; they have four children — Harriet W. (now Mrs. Cram, of Webster Co., Iowa); Edwin S., John W. and Phila S., of Polo. The sons enlisted in the 92d I. V. I., which became a mounted regi ment, carrying Spencer's rifles, and was attached to Col. Wilder's Brigade, and served with him about one year, after ward was attached to the Cavalry Divi- BUFFALO TOWNSHIP. 683 sion of Gen. Kilpataick, accompanying him in all his rades in Sherman's March to the sea. Cushman Edwin S. drayman ; Polo. Cushman John W. jeweler ; Polo. Cutts Thomas B. farm.; S. 16 ; P. 0. Polo. DA"V'IDS0N THOMAS, tenant farm.; Sec. 20 ; P. 0. Polo. Dean James L. harnessmaker ; Polo. Deihl Josiah, retired farmer ; Polo. Denneen Dennis, stone mason ; Polo. Detwiler J. S. Lutheran clergyman; Polo. Deveny Owen, farm.; Sec. 3 ; P. 0. Polo. Devine William, laborer ; Polo. Dew Edwin, farmer ; Seo. 5 ; P. 0. Polo. Dewolf Robert H. laborer ; Sec. 19 ; P. 0. Polo. Dewyer James, farmer ; S. 2 ; P.O. Polo. Dimond David, Polo. Dodson, Joel R retired farmer ; Polo. DODSON THOMAS, Farm Rent er ; son of Joseph and Mary Dodson, of Maryland ; she was born in Bedford Co.. Pa. ; May 7, 1807 ; came West in 1865 ; married 1852, to Miss Christiana Stiver- son, daughter of Tobias and Jane Irving Stiverson, of Pa. ; she was born in 1834 ; have had ten children, eight living — Henry T., born Dec. 23, 1853 ; Joseph A., March 12, 1860 ; William H., May 6, 1861; Sarah E., Dec 14, 1863; Mary Ann, July 23, 1865 ; E. Thomp son, May 12, 1867 ; Sheridan Nelson, Jan. 22, 1869; Margaret, March 5, 1871. Dowie Henry G. Asst. P. M. Polo. Doyle Darby, farm. ; Sec 2 ; P. 0. Woo sung. Doyle Patrick, farmer; Sec. 1 ; P. 0. Woosung. Doyle Peter, farm. ; Sec 34 ; P. 0. Woo sung. Dunkle Oliver, peddler; Polo. Durr Thomas D. laborer ; Polo. Dusong Elias, farm. ; Sec 10; P. 0. Polo. Dusong Martin L. thresher ; Sec. 10 ; P. 0. Polo. TpAKLE GEORGE, painter ; Polo. EISENBISE PETER J. Minis ter of the German Baptist Church ; Sec. 28; P. 0. Polo; owns 120 acres probable value $6,000 ; Mr. Eisenbise was born Aug. 30, 1840, in Miami Co., Ohio ; he came to lUinoii in 1855 and settled in Carroll Co., where he followed farming; in 1872, he came to Ogle Co., and settled in Buffalo Township ; he was married Sept 3, 1863, to Martha, daughter of Joshua Slifer, of Ogle Co. ; she was born Aug. 18,1845 ; they have four children — Clinton S.. born Jan. 9, 1865; Newton A., Feb. 9, 1867; Warner, Nov. 3. 1868, and Lulu, April 4, 1877; they lost three children— Os car C, Sarah M., and one child not named ; Mr. E. was Road Master for one term ; in October, 1874, he was for warded to the preaching of the Word by the members of his church. Eicholtz W. B. farm. ; S. 11 ; P. 0. Polo. Eldridge Eli, painter; Polo. Ellicott Andrew, grocer ; Polo. Ellicott Joseph B. lightning rod agent ; Polo. Ellingworth Charles, farm. ; Sec. 1 ; P. 0. Polo. Ennis Thomas, farm. ; S. 12 ; P. 0. Woo sung. Esterly Adam, farm. ; Sec. 5 ; P. 0. Polo. Esterly Henrj-, stonemason ; Polo. Esterly William, farm. ; S. 5 ; P. 0. Polo. FAULDING DAVID S. farmer ; P. 0. Polo. FAGLEY HARRY W. Dealer in Dry Goods, Boots, Shoes, Hats, Caps, Groceries, etc.. Exchange National Bank Block ; Polo ; born in Tyrone, Blair Co., Pa., April 4, 1850 ; enlisted in Co. B, 149th Pa. V. I., in Sept. 1863, being only 13 years of age at the time of enlistment ; was in battles from Brandy Station, Rappahannock, War renton June ion, etc., to Rapidan ; mar ried Martha A. Gemmel, July 26, 1870 ; she was born in Buffalo Township, Ogle Co. 111.; she died in Feb. 12, 1878; Mr. Fagley came to Polo in March, 1867; he has been engaged in present business sinc P. 0. Woosung. Napier Charles, P. 0. Polo. Naylon Martin, laborer ; Polo. Nazerine Fred, baker; Polo. Newcomer Henry, retired merchant; Polo. NEWCOiriER LEWIS A. Dealer in Groceries, Crockery, Glassware, Boots and Shoes, etc.; Mason street; residence on Franklin St.; born in Washington Co., Md., June 28, 1846; eame to Polo in 1867 ; was engaged in furniture bus iness in Nov. 1877 ; married Jennie M. Eichholtz, Dec. 24, 1874 ; she was born near Altoona, Pa.; they have two chil dren — Henry L.,born March 15, 1876, and Mary Angeline, born August 20, 1877 ; Mr. and Mrs. Newcomer are members of the Lutheran Church. Newcomer Peter, P. 0. Polo. NEWELL WILLIAM, Farmer; Sec. 31 ; P. 0. Polo ; son of Andrew and Margaret (Dorris) N.,was born April 1819, in Huntingdon Co., Pa.; came west in the Autumn of 1848, by canal to Pittsburgh, thence down the Ohio, up the Mississippi to St. Louis, and to the mouth of the Illinois River, and up to La Salle ; thence by team to Pine Creek settlement. Ogle Co., making the entire trip in three or four weeks ; located on a farm of 80 acres, Sec 31, T. 23, R. 9; moved to Polo in the Winter of 1875, where he now resides ; in the Autumn of 1845 married Miss Martha J. Corbin, daughter of William and Mary (Hagey) C; born Aug. 11, 1827, in Huntingdon Co., Pa.; have six children — H. Louisa, Benj. P., Harriet L., Dorris A., Fannie E., Wm. A., who is telegraph operator at Lena, 111., who married Eliza Griffin; B. P., who occupied the old farm, married Miss Elnora Newcomer; and Harriet L., now Mrs. W. R. Winders, of Buffalo Tp.; Mr. Newell's farm consists of 260 acres, joining the original 80 acres. Newman F. 0. coal dealer ; Polo. Newman Philo W. coal dealer ; Polo. Nicodemus Cyrus, clerk ; Polo. Niman George, carpenter ; Polo. Niswonger Alexander, farm ; S. 11 ; P. 0. Polo. Nixon C. H. machinist ; Polo. NOBLE CHARLES B. Farmer; Sec. 8 ; P. 0. Polo ; born in Winnebago Co., 111., Dec. 5, 1838 ; came to this township with his parents the year of his birth ; he married Phcebe J., daugh ter of Orrin Roberts, one of the early settlers of Ogle Co. ; they were married Nov. 8, 1865 ; she was born in White side Co., III., Feb. 15, 1842 ; she is a member of the United Brethern Church they have six children — Jessie D., born August 1866 ; Addie J., Jan. 19, 1868 Ellen S., Feb. 1, 1870; Harriet W. Dec 13, 1872 ; Esther, June 30, 1874 Evelina, April 3, 1876. Mr. Noble en listed in Co. B, 7th 111. Cavalry Regt, Sept. 5, 1861 ; served in that regiment about two years, and in Veteran Reserve Corps nine months ; mustered out Sept. 5, 1864 ; Mr. Noble owns 236 acres of land valued at $16,520 ; he has been School Director several terms. Norton Hamilton, Ins. Agt. ; Polo. Nutter Wm. B. drayman ; Polo. O' CONNER JOHN, tenant farmer; Woosung. O'Conall Owen, tenant farmer ; Woosung. O'Conner Pat. laborer ; Polo. O'KANE DANIEL, Retired Farm er ; Polo; son of John and Susanna; born Oct 29, 1811, in Tyrone Co., Ire land; came to America 1826, andsettled in Franklin Co., Ind. ; in 1836 came to Buffalo Grove on a tour of inspection, and in 1837 moved with his family, and commenced farming, having acquired a squatter's title to 360 acres ; Mr. O'Kane, Samuel Jurney and Robert Smith were constituted a committee to bid off the lands at Government sale at Dixon ibr the settlers of Buffalo Township ; was Commissioner of Highways for several years, and assisted in laying out most of the roads in the town ; for more than twenty years was School Director, and was one of three to build the first school BUFFALO TOWNSHIP. 695 house. In 1833, Dec. 23, married Miss Lucinda Johnson of Kentucky, daugh ter of John Johnson ; born 1815 ; they had fifteen children, nine sons and six daughters, ten are now living, namely — James, Joseph, Mary A., now Mrs. Kingsey of Buffalo Township ; John W., Caroline, now Mrs. Chas. Hatchel of Nebraska; William W., Daviel, Solomon B., Lucindia, Florence and Aaron A ; James, Solomon B. and John W. are residents of Nebraska ; Mr. O'Kane in the last five years has invested seven to eight thousand dollars for himself and children in that State ; the other chil dren reside in Buffalo Township, and of his large farm of 700 acres, which Mr. O'Kane entered, but a quarter section remains, having disposed of most of it among his children and others ; Mr. O'Kane was at one time partner of Dr. Graham in the practice of medicine, which was very extensive ; in 1869, married a second time to Miss Anna P. Lint of Pa. ; his [first wife having died in 1867. O'Kane Joseph, farmer ; Polo. O'Neil Frank, laborer ; Woosung. Odair Clinton, renter ; S. 24 ; P. 0. Polo. Ormsbee Carlton S. well driller ; Polo. Orth Christian, farmer ; Sec. 35 ; P. 0. Woosung. ORTH JACOB H. Farmer ; Sec. 35 ; P. 0. Woosung ; was born July 10, 1846 in Prussia, Germany ; he came with his parents. Christian and Cath arine Orth, to this country, arriving in N. Y. City in 1853 ; came direct to Chicago, and lived there 18 months ; moved thence to Sterling, Whiteside Co., III. ; lived there two years, and then moved to this county, and settled in the place he now resides ; his father was born in Prussia in 1798 and his mother was born in 1808 ; they own 60 acres of land. His sister, Belinda Orth, was born in Prussia, March 10, 1856; Mr. Orth is a Democrat, and was Road Master for two terms ; all the members ofthe family are Catholics. Osterhoudt Daniel, P. 0. Polo. OSTERHOUDT ELIAS, Far mer; Seo. 31 ; P. 0. Polo; owns 157 acres in Sec. 31 and 5 acres in White side Co.; born in Middletown, Delaware Co., N. Y., March 12, 1831 ; his father. Zachariah Osterhoudt, was born in Ul ster Co., N. Y., Nov. 24, 1781; he moved to Buffalo Tp., Ogle Co.-, 111., with his family, in 1839 ; he died here Nov. 30, 1857 ; his wife was Jane Smith ; she was born at Seneca Lake, N. Y., March 31, 1793; they were married Nov. 18, 1809 ; she died in Sept., 1871 : they had eight sons and five daughters, only nine living at pres ent time ; Mr. Elias Osterhaudt went to California in 1850 ; for about two years and a half he was engaged in min ing in that part of the country ; he re turned to Ogle Co. in the Pall of 1853, and has since been engaged in farming ; he married Susannah Sweet (daughter of Thomas Sweet, deceased), March 7, 1855 ; she was born in Middletown, Del aware Co., N. Y;, Sept. 6, 1835 ; they have had six children ; lost two sons — Orrin R., born Oct. 5, 1864; he died April 23, 1865; one died in infancy; the living are — Garner, born Dec. 16, 1855; Lorenzo, born Aug. 8, 1860; Elmer, born July 15, 1866, and Lizzie M., born Sept. 6, 1870. Overholtzer Daniel, stage driver ; Polo. PALMER CHAS. L. tenant farmer ; P. 0. Polo. Palmer James C. printer ; Polo. Parmelee Henry D. tinner ; Polo. PARKS HENRY A. Farmer; Sec. 36 ; P. 0. Woosung ; owns 120 acres ; probable value, $6,600 ; Mr. Parks was born Jan. 15, 1848, in Lee Co., 111.; his parents, Hiram P. and Martha Parks, emigrated from Malone, N. Y., to Lee Co., III., about forty- five years ago, and have resided there ever since ; however, Henry A. Parks came to Ogle Co. in December, 1865, and settled in Buffalo Tp., where he now resides ; he was married July 24, 1872, to Marcia I., daughter of Stephen E. Hathaway, of Grand De Tour Tp., Ogle Co.; she was born Sept. 5, 1849 ; they had one child, Lola, born Aug. 16, 1873, and died Oct 25, 1873; Mr. Parks is a Republican and a member of the Baptist Church ; Mrs. Parks is a member of the Episcopal Church. Parks Wayne H. farmer ; See. 36 ; P. 0. Woosung. Pearson Arthur T. clerk ; Polo. Peek Frank F. farmer ; P. 0. Polo. 696 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY: PEEK GEORGE N. Farmer; Sec. 2; P. 0. Polo; owns 127 acres; probable value, $5,765 ; Mr. Peek was born April 7, 1829, in Addison Co., Vt.; in company with his parents, John and Lucretia Peek, he came West, via Buffalo, N. Y., by steamboat, on the lakes, to Detroit, Mich.; thence, by wagon, to Chicago, and on to Grand De Tour Tp., Ogle Co., where he arrived in June, 1838, and lived there until November of same year, when he moved to this township and settled on what is known as "the old. Peck place," helping his father to work the farm, until 1852, when he went to California and lived there until the Autumn of 1869 ; he carried on the livery business there, and was also Jailer and Deputy Sheriff of Calaveras Co. for two years ; in the Fall of 1869, he returned to Ogle Co., and up to the present time has lived in this township, where he has followed farm ing ; in politics he is Republican, and was Road Overseer for one term. Peek Horace W. farm.; S. 3 ; P. 0. Polo. Paltz James, butcher. Peirce Jacob H.; Polo. Peirce W. W. grain dealer ; Polo. Perce S. R. granger store ; Polo. Perkins Charles, farmer ; P. 0. Polo. PERKINS GEORGE W. Dealer in Lumber, Sash, Doors and Blinds ; yard on Mason street, east of railroad ; residence corner Franklin and North streets ; Polo ; born in this township Nov. 11, 1851; engaged in lumber business seven years ; married Mary L. Buck Nov. lO, 1875 ; she was born in Americus, Ind.; they have one child — Bryant L., born July 31, 1876 ; Mrs. Perkins is a mem ber of the M. E. Church. PERKINS RUFUS, P. 0. Polo. Perkins Timothy, retired ; Polo. Perley Nathan, money leaner ; Polo. Perry Jacob, farmer ; P. 0. Polo. Perry Martin, laborer ; Polo. Perry William H. farm. S. 15 ; P. 0. Polo. Peterson Peter, laborer, S. 4 ; P. 0. Polo. Petrie Jacob, retired merchant ; Polo. Piercy Freeman, carpenter ; Polo. Pike John, farmer, Sec. 11 ; P. 0. Polo. Piper Anton ; Polo. Phelps John R. tinner ; Polo. Poole Eugene, clerk Exchange Hotel; Polo. POLO LIBRARY ASSOCIA- TION. Porter Henry, dealer in butter and eggs '. Polo. Post B. H. Post Darius N. well driller ; Woosung. Potts Calvin P. farm laborer, Sec. 1 ; P, 0. Polo. POWELL JACOB M. Proprietor of Restaurant and Dealer in Confection ery, Cigars, Tobacco, Toys, Pancy Goods, etc., 36 Mason street; resides at 32 Mason street ; owns the two brick buildings, at those numbers ; also owns building and lot No. 8 Mason street ; all valued at $11,800. Mr. Powell was born at Clear Spring, Washington Co., Md., April 1, 1841 ; moved to Pine Creek, Ogle Co., III., May 2, 1854 ; en gaged in farming until 1868, then went to Woosung, where he carried on mer cantile business until 1870, then came to Polo ; for one year he was in the produce business ; from January, 1871, to January, 1876, was with Finfrock & Brubaker and Finfrock & Baker, and from January, 1876, to August of same year with David L. Miller. In March, 1877, he engaged in present business. He married Marcy C. Cosley March 19. 1868 ; she was born in Washington Co., Md. They have three children — Chas. U., Lellia M. and Martin Luther. Mr. Powell was Town Clerk of Pine Creek from 1866 to 1868. Mrs. P. is a mem ber of the Lutheran Church. Powell Jonathan A. farm. S. 12 ; P. 0. Polo. Powell Samuel J. retired farmer. Polo. Powell Samuel W. farm. S. 1 ; P. 0. Polo. Powell Upton, farm. Sec. 10; P. 0. Polo. PRATHER WILLIAM, Farmer, Sec 28, P. 0. Polo; owns lllf acres of land, probable valuation $6,705. Mr. Prather was born Sept. 15, 1835, in Washington Co., Md., where he fol lowed the business of farming. He came to Ogle County, and settled in Buffalo Township in 1871. He has had two children — Lemuel E. and Eliza beth J. He was married March 17, 1876, to Miss Barbara, daughter of Jacob Rhodes, of Washington Co., Md.; she was born Jan. 2, 1837. Mr. Pra ther is Independent in politics, and is School Director. Mrs. Prather is a member of the Lutheran Church. BUFFALO TOWNSHIP. 697 Prescott James H. proprietor Exchange Hotel; Polo: . Prescott John B. grain dealer ; Woosung. Price Geo. A. laborer ; P. 0. Polo. PERKINS DEA. TIMOTHY, was born Jan. 20, 1795, in town of Buckland, Hampshire Co., Mass. (Son of Rufus and grandson of Timothy Per kins, of xAshfield, Mass. ; mother's name was Nancy Brackett.) From his 4th to his 14th year attended school three months a year; in 1809 followed his father's family to Delhi, Delaware Co., N. Y., where, in 1814, he enlisted as a substitute in Captain Amasa Parker's Company of Light Infantry, under Col. Farrington's regiment, N. Y. State Mi litia ; was ordered to New York, where, for three months, they were stationed near Port Gansworth for duty ; married to Sarah Veghtee, of Kingsboro, Fulton Co., in Sept., 1827 ; on account of his Abolition principles and adhesion to the " Moral Reform Society," he became a conspicuous mark for the worst elements in that frontier town, who showed their appreciation of his stand for liberty and morahty, made him and the little band with whom he acted the butt of their • ridicule; in the Fall of 1840, together with his family, his brother, Rufus, and wife, and his brother-in-law, Jno. Broad- well, and family, he started in wagons for Buffalo Grove, Illinois, where they all landed in safety Oct;. 22,^ having been six weeks and two days on the road ; among his effects he had some 250 to 350 yards of broad and " fulled " cloth, which was eagerly bought by the almost naked settlers, who gladly gave in exchange anything but money, which commodity was almost unknown in the new settlement ; he bought four acres of land adjoining Buffalo village on the southeast, and bought a claim of 20 acres, now a part of the farm of Jordan Lawrence ; he was identified with the early church and educational movements of Buffalo Grove, and became a Deacon in the First Congregational Church of Buffalo Grove, which was subse quently re-organized and became the nucleus of the present Independent Presbyterian Church of Polo ; his home, with that of Judge Bogue, became the early preachers' and Abolition lecturers' Q home, and a few years later one of the depots of the underground railroad was was established at his house ; in the Pall of 1871, he removed to Polo, where he has since resided with the family of his youngest daughter ; here, on March 27, 1876, his wife died at the age of 77 years and 6 months ; their children are Rufus, John Marcellus, deceased in 1877, Mrs. Sarah Dickson, of Salem, Kan. ; Charles, Ohio ; Rosaline Brewer ; Dr. Edgar, of Peoria ; and Mrs. Carrie A. Clinton, of Polo. UEST JOHN. EAND JEREMIAH, Town Constable ; Woosung. Randall E. M. stone quarry; Sec. 17; P.O. Polo. Randall Jesse, fa mer; P. 0. Polo. READ GEORGE D. ESQ. Polo '; was born in the county of Dutch ess, State of New York, in the year 1812 ; moved to the city of Rochester, N. Y., when he was 19 years of age ; left therein 1837 ; came to the State of Illinois in the Spring of 1838 ; was en gaged in the removal of the Pottawato mie Indians in the Pall of 1838 ; settled in Buffalo Grove, Ogle Co., in 1840 ; was appointed Postmaster in 1841 ; was elected Justice of the Peace in 1842 ; resigned the offices in 1847 and went to Mexican war ; was connected with the commissary department ; stationed at the city of Monterey ; was one of Gen. Wool's special scouts or spies ; returned to Buffalo in 1848 ; was again appointed Postmaster and Special Postal Agent for the Northwestern District of Illinois, and elected again Justice of the Peace, which offices he held until Abraham Lincoln was inaugurated President, in the year 1860 ; he moved the po.st office from the old town of Buffalo to Polo in 1855 ; was elected Police Magistrate of the city of Polo, which office he held most ofthe time' until 1870; he married Miss Mary II. Wamsley in 1850 ; they have two children — Julia E. and George E., now living. Reagan Dennis, laborer ; P. 0. Woosung. Reece Irad J. P. 0. Polo. REED ANDREW, Farmer; Sec. 2 ; P. 0. Polo ; owns 78 acres of land, valued at $4,680 ; he was born in Ar- 698 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY: gyleshire, Scotland, July 1, 1837 ; came to Winnebago Co., Ill, in 1850 ; came to Buffalo Township, Ogle Co., in the Fall of the same year ; married Maria H.Andrews May 21, 1863; she was born in Argyleshire, Scotland, April 21, 1840 ; they have had five children ; four now living ; they are Jeannette E.,born Nov. 5, 1865 ; Eva M., born May 2, 1869 ; James A., born Oct 12, 1873 ; Catherine J., born May 24, 1876 ; one daughter, Martha E., was born April 30, 1864; she died July 16, 1872. Mr. Read was Road Master two years ; Mr. and Mrs. R. are members of the Independent Presbyterian Church. Reed Charles, harness maker ; Polo. Reed Charles E. inventer ; Polo. Reed Elias, farmer ; Polo. REED JAMES L. Farmer ; Sec. 7 ; P. 0. Polo; owns 1071 acres of land, valued at $7,000 ; born in Scotland, Jan 8, 1844 : came to Buffalo Town ship, Ogle Co., W'th his father in 1850 ; married Elvina Snyder June 1, 1876; she was born in Lehigh Co. Pa. ; they have one child — Martha Lydia, born March 22, 1877 ; Mr. Reed" was a pri vate in Co. D, 92d I. V. I. ; his father, James Reed, was born May 3, 1803, and died Nov. 16, 1869 ; Martha, mother of James L., lives with him ; Mr. Reed is a member ofthe Presbyterian Church, IMrs. Reed is a Lutheran. Reed Reuben P. gardener, Polo. REED WILLIAM S. Farmer; Sec. 19; P. 0. Polo; owns 195 acres of land ; born near Chillicothe, Ohio, Aug. 24, 1828 ; came, with his parents, to l?ort Clark (now Peoria), 111., in the Fall of 1830 ; April 1, 1831, they came to Buffalo Grove; his father, Samuel Reed, was a native of Delaware Co., N. Y., he died here, in 1852 ; his mother, Phebe Reed, was born in Conn., and died 1857 ; Mr. Reed owns and lives on the place where his father first commenced farming here ; he has held various dis trict offices ; was School Director twelve years ; married Elvira Mallery, Jan. 11, 1854 ; she was born in Sullivan Co., N. Y., Aug. 19, 1833 ; they have five children— Flora E., Stella, Alfred, Os born and Julia E. ; Mr. and Mrs. Reed are members of the United Brethren Church. Renner Isaac, wagon maker ; Polo. Reynolds Geo. K. plasterer"; Polo. Reynolds John, farmer ; Sec 9 ; P. 0. Woosung. Reynolds Patrick, farmer ; Seo. 9 ; P. Q, Woosung. Reynolds 'Thomas, farmer ; Sec. 9 ; P. 0. Woosung. Rice Benj. G. Polo. Rice Henry, farmer ; Seo. 2 ; P. 0. Polo. RICE W. T. Farmer; Sec. 15; P. 0. Polo ; son of Wauton and Mary Gar ner Rice, of Providence, R. I. ; was born March 22, 1807, in Athens, Brad ford Co., Pa. ; at the age of 22 moved to Livingston Co., N. Y.; rented a milt on the outlet of the Genesee River and carried on the business for four years, then moved to the head waters of the Alleghany River, bought 300 acres of pine timber, and continued the business of milling and rafting to Pittsburgh and Cincinnati for ten years ; came West in 1857 ; stopped in McHenry Co., one year, thence moved to Elkhorn Grove; Carroll Co., thence to Buffalo Grove and, in 1860, moved to Polo; married Oct 31, 1840, to Augusta C. Berdine, daughter of Nicholas and Sarah Water man Berdine, of Cattaraugus Co., N. Y. ; have had six children, three now living — Miriam A., born in 1843, now Mrs Charles A. Wilson, of Tama Co., Iowa ; Harriet, now Mrs John Bernett, of Tama Co., Iowa, born in 1846, and Charles D., born in 1853, in Tama Co., Iowa; William (deceased), enlisted in the 34th I. V. I. and died at Louis ville, Ky. Richardson John, City Supt. of Lamp3 ; Polo. Riggs George, tailor ; Polo. Ritenour Thomas B, laborer ; Polo, Rizner Lewis P. Polo, Rizner "William H. Polo. Rizner William R. painter ; Pulo. Roach Patrick, laborer ; Polo. Rook Michael, Polo. Rogers Charles L. Polo. ROGERS JOSEPH W. Farmer; Sec. 21 ; P. 0. Polo ; owns farm of seventy acres, fifty acres in Sec. 21, and' twenty acres in Sec. 20 ; born in Lime, Jefferson Co., N. Y., Sept 18, 1824; moved to Ward's Grove, Jo Daviess Co., Ill, in 1841 ; lived there until he BUFFALO TOWNSHIP. 703 nine children — Virginia H., now Mrs. Shoop, of Polo ; Sarah Hackett, of Chi cago ; John H., of New Orleans ; Chas. E., of Baltimore ; Simon H., of Monta na; Richard P., West Point, Iowa; Celso F., of Deadwood City. St. John Wm. A., dealer in butter and eggs ; Polo. Storer, Christian; retired farmer ; P. 0. Polo. STOWELL JOHN D. Farmer ; Sec. 20 ; Polo ; owns 97 acres ; born in Broome Co., N. Y., Nov. 3, 1827; came to Quincy, 111., when he was about 7 years of age ; went to Iowa two years later; lived there about eleven years, then returned to Illinois and lived in Henry Co. until March, 1864; came to present location in Nov., 1865 ; he mar ried Sarah P. Gove Oct. 23, 1853 ; she was born in North Enfield Township, N. H., Feb. 22, 1833 ; they have had four children ; lost one son, Adelbert J.; died in infancy Aug. 23, 1854 ; the liv ing are — Albert D., born Oct. 3, 1855 ; Sarah Elvira, born Aug. 15, 1858 ; Frances E., born Oct 1, 1869 ; Mr. and Mrs. Stowell are members of tho United Brethren Church. STRICKLER WILLIAM, Man ufacturer of and Dealer in Furniture and Undertaker, cor. Mason and Division Sts.; residence on Oregon street ; Polo ; born near Mount Joy, Lancaster Co., Penn., March 9, 1846; moved to Chicago in 1866 ; came to Polo in 1867 ; he was Alderman of the South Ward in 1875 ; married Mary A. Niman Dec. 24, 1868 ; she was born in Bellefont, Center Co., Penn.; they have had five children ; lost one ; the living are — Fannie and Annie (twins), Harry and George ; Mrs. Strick ler is a member of the Lutheran Church. Strock David C. drayman ; Polo. Struck, James W. laborer ; P. 0. Polo. Strock, Michael, tenant farmer ; Sec. 29 ; P. 0. Polo. Stuff John H. farmer ; Sec. 36 ; P. 0. Woosung. Stull Lawrence, tenant farmer ; Sec 29 ; P. 0. Polo. Sullivan John, laborer; P. 0. Polo. Summers Wm. carpet weaver ; Woosung. Swartz Tunis R. veterinary surgeon ; Polo. Sweet Dayton, farm.; Sec. 30 ; P. 0. Polo. Sweet Erastus, farm.; Sec. 5 ; P. 0. Polo. Sweet Gersham, farm.; Sec. 31 ; P. 0. Polo. Sweet Nelson, farm.; Sec. 31 ; P. 0. Polo. Sweet Nelson, Jr., farm.; P. 0. Polo. SWIFT COL. MORTON D. At torney and Counselor at Law ; Polo ; was born in Warren, Herkimer Co., N. Y., June 24, 1833 ; he received his ed ucation at Fairfield Academy, in the same county, and for some years after ward was engaged in teaching school in in his native State ; in October, 1856, Col. Swift settled in Polo, and soon af terward commenced the study of law with Campbell & Carpenter, and was admitted to the bar in 1860 ; in the Pall of 1860, he purchased the Polo^Adver- tiser of Henry R. Boss, and from that time to 1865, when the present pub lisher of the Press purchased Col. Swift's interest in the paper, he was more or less interested in the pub lication of a newspaper at Polo. Col. Swift was commissioned Captain of Co. H, Fifteenth Regiment Illinois Infantry, on the 24th day of May, 1861, this regiment being the first volunteer regi ment mustered into the service for three years in the late war ; he served in the Fifteenth Illinois until in 1863 ; was afterward commissioned Lieutenant Col onel of the One Hundred and Forty- second Illinois Volunteers, and served with that regiment until it was mustered out of the service, in September, 1864, having been most of the time in com mand of the regiment ; he participated in all the hardships, skirmishes and bat tles in which these regiments were en gaged during the time he was with them, respectively. In 1863, Col. Swift was married to Hattie C. Aplington, daugh ter of the late Maj. Zenas Aplington ; this estimable lady died in 1872 ; her early decease was deeply deplored by a large circle of relatives and friends, who knew and appreciated her sterling worth. After the war. Col. Swift entered active ly into the practice of law, and is now in the successful practice of his profes. T AYLORT. DWIGHT, Painter; Polo. THOMAS LEWIS F. of the firm of Smith & Thomas, dealers in Paints, Oils, Glass, Wall Paper, and Fancy Goods; Smith's Block, Mason st.; res. 704 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY: Mason St.; born in Rockvale, Ogle Co., 111., Sept 25, 1846 (his father, Joshua, Thomas, came from Washington Co., I Md., to Rockvale in 1840, where he now resides) ; Mr. W. married Alca Smith, daughter of Edward G. Smith, Sept 29, 1869 ; she was born in Ger many, Feb. 5, 1847 ; she is a member of the Baptist Church ; they have two children— Lulu, born April 19, 1872, and Mabel, born April 6, 1874. Thompson Andrew, teamster ; Polo. Thompson John J. shoemaker and dealer in boots and shoes ; Polo. Thompson John R. plasterer ; Polo. Tice Andrew, tailor ; Polo. Tice Jacob, gardener ; Polo. Tice Philip J. plasterer ; Polo. Timmins Patrick, tenant farmer ; Sec. 10; P. 0. Woosung. Titus Albert, tenant farmer ; Sec. 26 ; P. 0. Pole. Treat Almond H. hardware dealer; Polo. Treat Thomas, clerk ; Polo. Trotter William, barber ; Polo. Traverse Geo. laborer ; Woosung. Trumbauer Isaac H. banker ; Polo. Trumbauer Jacob, clergyman ; Polo. Trumbauer M. M. banker ; Polo. Trumbower M. R. Justice of the Peace and veterinary surgeon ; Polo. Trump Jerry W. farmer ; Sec. 14 ; P. 0. Polo. Typer William, farm.; Sec. 19; P. 0. Polo. ITTNDERKOVER ISAAC, P. O.Polo. Unger Herman, harness maker ; Polo. YALENTINE ABRAHAM, farmer; Sec. 2 ; P. 0. Polo. Valentine Albert J. farmer ; Sec. — ; P. 0. Polo. Valentine Howard, P. 0. Polo. Valentine W. D. P. 0. Polo. Vansanford R. H. carpenter; Polo. Vanston John, shoemaker; Woosung. Vickers James, teamster. Polo. WAGNER REUBEN, Pres't Ex change National Bank; Polo. WALKER & SMITH, Prop'rs of Livery and Feed Stable, cor. Franklin and Golden streets ; Polo. WALKER JOHN A. residence on Division street ; born in Addison Co., Vt, Nov. 24, 1835 ; came to Rockford, 111., in 1857; came to Buffalo Township in 1862 ; engaged in farming here until t he came to Polo and engaged in present business in 1868 ; he married Anna McClafferty April 3, 1858; she was born in Nova Scotia ; she is a member of the M. E. Church ; they have five children — John A., Jr., Chas. A., Liz zie A., Frank A., and Eva A. Walden Chas. H. druggist ; Polo. Wales Geo. farmer ; Polo. WALES HORATIO, Polo; was born Jan. 22, 1810, in South Brimfield, now the town of "Wales, Mass.; moved to Coventry, Conn., 1815 ; after livin there about fifteen years, returned to Wales ; thence removed to Brimfield ; came to Buffalo Grove in the Autumn of 1 836 ; brought a general stock of mer chandise with him and opened the sec ond store in the place ; continued the business for two years; then purchased a farm, obtaining title from the Govern ment; in thePall of 1837 was elected Sheriff — second Sheriff of Ogle Co.; was re-elected a second time but did not qualify ; he is Republican in politics, and in religion is a Congre- gationalist ; married Miss Mary E.Will iams, daughter of Ebenezer Williams in 1833; have had nine children, eigh' living, namely — ^Charies E., R. Porter' Henry W., James L. (deceased), Geo. M., Sarah E., Mary E., Horatio, Jr., and Ida. Wales Horatio, Jr., farmer ; Polo. WAMSLEY CHARLES C. Farmer and Proprietor of Polo Nursery; Seo. 6 ; P. O.. Polo ; he has a large va riety of choice Fruit, Ornamental and Evergreen Trees ; owns 310 acres of land, valued at $18,600; born in Andes, Delaware County, N. Y., Dec. 6, 1819 ; came to Buffalo Township, vicinity of present residence, with his parents Wm. and Mary (Bassett) Wamsley, in the Fall of 1836 ; married Rachel Hull June 15, 1842; she was born in Andes, Delaware Co., N. Y., Sept 25, 1825; they have had four children ; one died in in fancy; the living are — Win. M., born Nov. 22, 1843 ; Chas. Henry, born Dec 25, 1849 ; and Frank J., born May 22, 1855; Mr. and Mrs. W. are members of the Baptist Church ; Mr. W'.'s father was born in N. Y. State in Aug., 1794; he died Sept. 6, 1870 ; his mother was born in Massachusetts, and died Aug. BUFFALO TOWNSHIP. 705 27, 1874, aged 79 years ; Mrs. Wams- ley's parents, Stephen and Anner (San ford) Hull, came to Buffalo Township in 1835 ; Mr. Hull died Dec 6, ] 855, aged 65 years and 24 days ; his wife died Nov. 4, 1854. Wamsley Prank J. farmer ; Sec. 6 ; P. 0. Polo. Wamsley Harry C. farmer ; Sec. 6 ; P. 0. Polo. WAMSLEY WILLIAM, whose portrait appears in tbis volume, was born in Schoharie Co., N. Y., Aug. 2, 1794. His parents moved from Scho harie to Delaware Co., N. Y., when he was fourteen years of age. At the age of twenty-two he married Miss Mary Bassett. His parents were farmers, and he continued to occupy and work the same farm that they had taken up and improved, until the year 1837, when he with his family and several of his neighboring famUies moved to the State of Illinois, and settled at Buffalo Grove in this county. The boundaries of Ogle County had not at that time been established. Mr. Wamsley, before leav ing New York, had become associated ¦with the public affairs of his native State, and on arriving at his new home he was at once selected as one of the Commissioners to fix the boundaries and divide the county into precincts. He was then elected one of the County Commissioners, which office be held for several years ; he also held the office of School Commissioner of the county. He assisted in the organization of the First Presbyterian Church at the town of Buffalo, and was elected one of its Deacons. He afterward assisted in es tablishing the Independent Presbyterian Chureh at the city of Polo, and was elected one of its Elders, which position he held until near the time of his death. He held the office of Justice of the Peace for a number of years in the Township of Buffalo, and in many other respects was one of the leading repre sentative men of the county. His wife, Mary Bassett ,was born in Martha's Vine yard, Mass., Feb. 20, 1796. Mrs. Wamsley was very infirm in health when she came to the State, and remained so through life ; yet she was of that pecul iar disposition, kind, motherly, forbear ing and yet commanding, especially amongst her immediate friends and re lations, as to gain the love and respect of all who made her acquaintance. Mr. and Mrs. Wamsley raised a family of seven children, all of whom are living at this time. The eldest, Charles C. Wamsley, is a nurseryman and farmer, three miles northwest from Polo ; Will iam J. is a farmer two and one-half miles northwest from Polo, owns and occupies the farm formerly owned, im proved and worked by his father ; Mary H., the eldest daughter, and wife of Geo. D. Read, Esq., resides in the city of Polo ; Esther Ann, now the wife of Harrison H. Collar, a farmer, with James H and George V. Wamsley, also farmers, reside in the State of Iowa; Emma L., the wife of Martin P. Bas sett, resides in the city of Polo. WiUiam Wamsley died on the 3d of September, 1872, and Mrs. Wamsley died on the 22d day of August, 1875. WAMSLEY WM. JOHNSON, Farmer, Sec. 6 ; P. 0. Polo ; owns 280 acres of land in this county, and 240 acres in Adair Co., Iowa ; he was born in Andes, Delaware Co., N. Y., March 21, 1822 ; came to Ogle County Oct 27, 1836 ; moved to present location in the Spring of 1837 ; married Sarah T. Wilber June 22, 1848; she was born in Bovina, Delaware Co., N. Y., Oct. 25, 1828. They have five children- Willis J., John W., Mary A., George Herbert, and Harry. Mr. W. was Road Commissioner several years ; has been School Director many years. Mr. and Mrs. Wamsley and their children, Mary A. and George Herbert, are members of the Presbyterian Church. Mrs. W.'s parents, John B. and Angeline (Smith) Wilber came to Buffalo Grove in 1846 ; they are both living now. Mr. W.'s parents, Wm. and Mary Bassett Wams ley, came to this place with their family in October, 1836 ; his father was born in New York State, in August, 1794 ; he died here Sept. 6, 1870. His mother was born at Martha's Vineyard, Mass., She died Aug. 27, 1874, aged 79 years. Wamsley Wm. M. farmer, Sec. 6 ; P. 0. Polo. Wamsley Willis J. farm., S. 6 ; P. 0. Polo. Wasser Geo. farmer ; P. 0. Polo. 706 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY: Waterbury Abram D. grain store; Polo. Waterbury Calvin, harness maker ; Polo. Waterbury Daniel H. sewing machine agent. Sec. 10 ; P. O. Polo. Waterbury Edwin G. supt. Grange store ; Polo. WATERBURY EZRA, Son of Daniel and Mary (Stevens) Waterbury, of Pound Ridge, Westchester Co., N. Y. ; he was born at Ballston, Saratoga Co., N. Y., March 14, 1798 ; when four years of age moved with parents to Charlton, Saratoga Co. ; at the age of ten years they moved to Delaware Co., N. "Y., where he resided until 24 years of age ; Jan. 24, 1822, he married Eliza beth Reynolds, at Andes, Delaware Co., N. Y. ; she was born in Amenia, Dutch ess Co., N. Y., in April, 1797 ; after marriage he located at Middletown, Delaware Co., N. Y., and for seven years carried on the business of clothier ; then removed to Andes and there re mained until 1848, when he came to Brookville (afterward Lincoln Town ship) ; engaged in farming until 1864, when he removed to Polo ; they have three children living — Elias B., Calvin and Edwin S. ; the two first named are residents of Polo, the latter is a lawyer at Emporia, Kan. ; two children, dec'd — Caroline, born March 25, 1829, died Nov. 5, 1854, and William Reynolds, born Oct. 31, 1834. died in Belle Isle, Va., prison hospital, Jan. 18, 1864 ; he enlisted in the 7th I. V. Cavalry in 1862, and was taken prisoner ; Mr. Water- bury's father was born July 25, 1764 ; he served in the Revolutionary war, en tering the service when quite young ; Daniel Waterbury's wife, Mary Stevens, was born in Stamford, Conn., May 20, 1765 ; they had ten sons and one daugh ter ; three now living — Ezra, Samuel and Mary Ann, now Mrs. James B. Gardner, all residents of this Township ; Mr. Waterbury's grandfather was Dan iel ; he was Captain in i^e Revolution ary war ; his wife was Ann Bouton ; David Stevens' father of Mrs. W.'s mother, was killed at the age of fifty years during the Revolutionary war, at the battle of Fairfield, Conn. ; his wife's name was Mary Talmage. Waterbary Elias B. laborer ; Polo. Waterbury George, farm. ; S. 2 ; P.O. Polo. WATERBURY FRED M. Far mer ; Sec 7 ; P. 0. Polo ; owns 119 acres of land, valued at $7,140 ; born in this township Dec 31, 1850; mar ried Ellen E. Healey Oct. 8, 1874 ; she was born in this township March 16, 1849 ; they have one child — Iva H., born Sept. 19, 1877 ; Mr. Waterbury is a member of the Independent Presby terian Church of Polo ; his father, John Waterbury, Jr., was bom in N. Y. State, Dec. 12, 1820 ; came to Ogle Co. with his father, John, Sr., in an early day ; John, Jr., died Sept. 19, 1871 ; his widow (mother of Fred. M.) now resides in Polo ; she was bom in Delhi, Delaware Co., N. Y., in Oct., 1830. Waterbury H. M. well-drUler ; Polo. WATERBURY H09IER S. School Teacher ; son of James S. and Esther Waterbury, of Schoharie Court House, N. Y., was born Aug. 8, 1838 ; was educated at Union College, N. Y., and graduated in 1863 ; was two years in the army of the James, Co. D, 3d N. Y. C, Gen. Butler commanding ; partici pated in most of the battles of the cam paigns of 1864, in the neighborhood of Petersburg and Richmond ; came West in 1866; was six months in Kansas; taught school two years in the city of Polo; married, January 1, 1869, Miss Annistine Waterbury, daughter of Sam'l and Elizabeth W., who was educated at Delaware Literary Institute, Franklin, Delaware Co., N. Y., under Rev. Geo. Kerr, LL. D. ; taught two years in Rockford Female Seminary, having charge of the Department of Lan guages; taught in various places in Wisconsin, Illinois, and five years in Honesdale, Pa. ; hav.; two children — Esther E., born 1870, and Samuel, born 1873. Watson John T. laborer; Polo. Watson Joseph, cancer doctor ; Polo. Waterbury Lewis D. teacher ; Polo. Waterbury Willai-d, pump and wind mill agent ; Polo. Waterbury Samuel, retired farmer ; P. 0. Polo. Weaver Charles, carpenter ; Polo. Weast Hiram "W. hardware dealer; Polo. Weaver Hugh A. laborer ; Polo. Weaver Jacob, stone quarry; Polo. Weaver James F. carpenter ; Polo. BUFFALO TOWNSHIP. 707 Weaver John B. farm; S. 7 ; P. 0. Polo. Webster Geo. R. retired farm.; P. 0. Polo. Webster, H. W. farmer : P. 0. Polo. WEBSTER VIRGIL B. Retired Farmer ; P. 0. Polo ; son of Jared and Isabella Webster; was born in 1824, in Stamford, Delaware Co., N. Y.; his sis ter, Mrs. Rufus Perkins, came to Buf falo Grove in 1840, and in 1858, re moved to Kansas ; his family, consisting of father and mother, his brother Alfred and wife, now of New York City, and hunself, came in 1844, and settled on a farm where the city of Polo now stands. In 1848, he married Miss Algira Cutts, daughter of Hiram B. and Eunice Cutts, horn in 1825, in Goldsboro, Me.; came with parents to tihe West in 1846 ; they have five children, namely — E. Herbert, Anna F , Eugene C, Mary E. and Albert V. During their long resi dence they have been identified with the growth and prosperity of the city of Polo. Weiser D. S. restaurant; Polo. Weisner William ; Polo. Welch Edgar, merchant ; Polo. Welden John, carpenter ; Polo. Weldon Nicholas, carpenter ; Polo. Wells James, florist ; Polo. Wendle W. S. teamster ; Woosung. Werdell Washington, laborer ; Woosung. Wertz Joseph, engineer at flouring mill ; Polo. Wetterstetter Frederick, tenant farmer ; Sec 33 ; P. 0. Polo. Whiting Dr. C. M. physician and surgeon ; Polo. Whiting David, retired ; Polo. Widney Charles, painter ; Polo. Wilber Anthony, farmer ; Sec. 14 ; P. 0. Polo, "Wilber John B. faim.; S. 23 ; P. 0. Polo. Wilber Justus P. farmer ; P. 0. Polo. WILBER TILLINGHAST, Parmer ; Sec. 23 ; P. O. Polo ; son of John T. and Polly, of Newport, R. I.; was born Aug. 22, 1808, in Bovina, Delaware Co., N. Y.; came West in 1848 ; settled in Buffalo Tp.; moved to his present farm in 1850 ; owns 80 acres ; value, $60 per acre ;''is a Carpen ter by trade ; he married, May 25, 1831, Miss Almira Underwood, daughter of Jonas and Sarah Pine Underwood ; born March 11, 1813, in Broom Co., N. Y.; Mr. Jonas Underwood served through the war of the Revolution and was at the battle of Bunker Hill ; they have three children — Emily, born June 10, 1832, now Mrs. John J. Wood, of Lan ark, III; William R., born March 23, 1834, resident of Sarpy Co., Nebraska ; and Ellen, born Aug, 22, 1836, now Mrs. David Anderson, of Buffalo Tp.; Republican ; members of the United Brethren Church. Wilde George, iron moulder ; Polo. Wilder Chester P. thresher ; Polo. Wilder Reuben C. teamster ; Polo. WILLIAMS CHESTER K. Re tired Farmer ; P. 0. Polo ; was born Jan. 13, 1818, and was the son of Ebenezer Williams and Eliza White- well, of Brimfield, Hampden Co., Mass.; at the age of 20 he came to Buffalo Grove, this county, and engaged in farming ; some ten years since, he re tired from the farm and moved to Polo ; was Supervisor and Postmaster for sev eral years; Jan. 12, 1865, he married Miss Maria P. Anthony, of Avoca, N. Y.; they have three children living — Kate A., born Nov. 23, 1867; Lucy and Annie, bom Oct. 26, 1869 ; Re publican, and in 1859, was very active in securing the nomination of fion. E. B. Washburne for Congressman. Wilson James D. Wilson Jesse, fence builder ; Polo. Winders Wm. R. tenant farmer ; Sec. 36 ; P. 0. Woosung. Wolf Benjamin, farmer ; Sec 36; P. 0. Polo. Wolf David, P. 0. Polo. Wolf George W. farmer ; Sec 15 ; P. 0. Polo. • Wolf Henry, shoemaker ; Polo. WOLF JACOB H. Farmer; Sec 25 ; P. 0. Polo ; son of Jacob and Elizabeth (Lehman) Wolf; born Sept. 18, 1837, in Huntingdon Co., Pa. ; came to Pine Creek Township, with his parents, in 1850 ; owns 117 J acres, valued' at $60 per acre; married, in 1860, to Miss Sarah A. Sterner, daughter of John and Susan Sterner, of Pa. ; born in 1838 ; have six children — Fannie, born 1861 : Deborah, 1863 ; Emma, 1865 ; Daniel, 1867 ; Louis, 1869 ; Albert, Dec. 20, 1877. Wolf Samuel, teacher ; Polo. 708 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY : Wood Alvin W. P. 0. Polo. Wood Esic, retired ; Polo. Wood Gaylord, livery ; Polo. Woodruff Reuben, teamster ; Polo. Woolhizer Joseph, capitalist ; Polo. Woolsey R. D. hardware merchant ; Polo. Woriey W. T, capitalist ; Polo. Wragg, Daniel S. tenant farmer ; Sec. 10 ; P. 0. Woosung. TATES RICHARD F. wagon maker ; Woosung. Yeakel Jefferson, farm. ; S. 7 ; P. 0. Polo. YEAKEL JOHN, Farmer; Sec. 7 ; P. 0. Polo ; owns 380 acres ; born in Lower Milford, Lehigh Co., Pa,, Nov. 21, 1823; married Lydia Kriebel, Oct. 9, 1849 ; she was born in Montgomery Co., Pa., March 8, 1829 ; they have had nine children — Sarah Jane, died Oct. 5, 1860, aged five months ; the living are — Samuel, born Oct. 27, 1850 ; Jefferson, born Sept 1, 1852 ; Susanna, now Mrs. William Stoner, born March 14, 1855 ; Edwin, born Sept. 2, 1857 ; Emma, born May 30, 1862; ^illiam, born Jan. 27, 1865; Ella, born Jam 7, 1869 ; John, Jr., bom Feb. 28, 1872 ; all the chil dren, except John, were born in Here ford, Berks Co., Pa., where they lived twenty-one years before coming to Polo, April 13, 1871 ; they lived in Polo five years ; two years ago, moved on the farm where they now reside ; they are mem bers of the German Evangehcal Associ ation. YEAKEL & SNYDER, Dealers in Lumber, Coal, Sash, Doors, Blinds, etc., yard west of railroad ; Polo; Sam uel Yeakel ; born in Berks Co., Pa., Feb. 27, 1850 ; came to Polo in 1870 ;¦ engaged in lumber business for the last six years ; married Savilla Harper Feb. 8, 1873 ; she was born in Pa. ; they have two children — Warren H. and Eva L. Milton Snyder, res. on Con gress street ; bom in Lehigh Co., Pa., May 11, 1845 ; came to Polo in the Spring of 1867 ; married Lucinda Trumbauer Nov. 21, 1871 ; they have two children — Minnie T. and Charles M. York Prank, tinner ; Polo. Young Richard N. stone mason ; Polo. ZEIGENFUS WILLIAM, laborer; Polo. Zugschwert John L. tailor ; Polo. TOO LATE TO CLASSIFY. BAKER ELIAS, Grocer; Kingst, East Ward ; store, Mason st. ; born in Boonsboro, Washington Co., Md., June 17, 1817 ; received his education in the common schools of the county ; removed to Illinois May 1, 1838; setded in the vicinity of the Maryland Colony, near Mount Morris, and worked at his trade, that of Carpenter; in 1843 commenced the manufacture of Traveling Threshing Machines at Mount Morris ; these ma chines were wagons, in which the thresh ing cylinder, or " beater," was driven by cog-work attached to the hind wheels, and threshing was done as the machine was driven about in the fields from stack to stack ; it was a great improvement at this time, and was very popular in all this part of the State ; with this machine, a boy to drive the team of four horses, and two men would thresh and clean about 100 bushels of grain per day ; in 1848, Mr. Baker commenced the manu facture of McCormick's Reaper, and con tinued in that business until 1851, when he opened a store at Mount Morris ; in 1852, was elected Shei'iff of Ogle Co. and served two years ; in 1854, '55 and '56, was Supervisor of Mount Morris township ; closed mercantile business at Mount Morris in 1857 ; went to Pike's Peak in the Spring of 1860 ; spent the summer in the mountains and returned home in the Fall; in 1861 engaged in farming near Mount Morris until 1868, when he removed to Polo and engaged in the grain trade for a year ; was then engaged two years in the lumber trade, and in 1871 engaged in general mer chandise ; is now member of the firm of Finfrock & Baker ; Mr. Baker married, Sept. 12, 1848, Mai'y M. Swingley ; has two children — Vernie and Frank. 5^v m i jf^jk rw ^ \ 'I .'V >f / ' "7 MT. MORRIS MARYLAND TOWNSHIP. 711 MARYLAND TOWNSHIP. ACKISON J. WESLEY, P. 0. Ade line. Adams Wm. A. P. 0. Adeline. Ainsworth Thomas, P. 0. Adeline. Ausherman C. P. 0. Adeline. T) AKER DAVID J. P. 0. Adeline. Baker John W. P. 0. Adeline. Baker Wm. C. P. 0. Adeline. BEEBE CHARLES E. Sec 27; P. 0. Forreston ; born in this county, January, 1856 ; married Miss Hillery Brooks, 1877 ; she was born in Mount Morris, this county, 1858 ; Mrs. Beebe is a member ofthe M. E. Church ; Mr. Beebe owns 135 acres of land in this county, adjoining Forreston, estimated at $13,500 ; also an undivid'd one-sixth interest in 680 acres of land in Iowa, worth $14,000 ; his father was born in Wayne Co., N. Y., 1818, and located in this county in 1837 ; in 1841, he married Miss Jane C. Blair ; they had nine children, six of whom are living, and attended their father's funeral, he having died Jan. 26, 1877. Beebe E. A. P. 0. Adeline. Beebe J. W. P. 0. Adeline. Beebe R. W. farmer ; Sec. 23 ; P. 0. For reston. Black, Albert, P. 0. Adeline. BLAIR JOHN F. Farmer; Sec. 30 ; P. 0. Adeline ; born in Crawford Co., Pa., Nov. 6, 1835; located in this county in 1837 ; he married Miss Ame lia Robins in 1862 ; she was bom in New York City, Oct. 25, 1844 ; they have six children — Clarence B., born Deo. 12, 1864; Arthur L., born Nov. 22, 1866 ; Henry G., born Aug. 7, 1867 ; Elmer, born Sept. 12, 1870 ; Louis ]H., born Feb. 1, 1873 ; Nelly V., born Dec 2, 1876 ; Mr. Blair owns 338 acres of land, worth $50 per acre, or $17,000 ; his improvements are of a very substantial and comfortable charac ter. BIESEMEIER REV. WIL HELM. Preacher in Evangelical Church, Nut Grove ; P. 0. Forreston ; born in Scopoldsthal, Lippe-Detmold, Germany, Feb. 23, 1833 ; he came to this country in 1854; located in Stephenson Co. the same year ; he en tered the Seminary in Warren Co., Mis souri, in 1858, where he pursued his studies four years ; he entered the min istry in 1862, and preached in Acker- ville, Washington Co., Wisconsin, five years ; he located in this county in 1867, and has ministered to his present congregation for the past 11 years; he married Miss Hermine Gassmaur;, in 1863 ; she was born in Stephenson Co., III., in 1845 ; had six children — Johan nes, Dec. 23, 1864 ; he died in 1870 ; Josephine, born Aug. 15, 1866 ; Jona than, born Aug. 10, 1868 ; died in 1870; Samuel, born July 30, 1870; Johanne, born Aug. 22, 1873 ; Jonette, born Sept 28, 1875; Mr. Biesemeier is an energetic and devoted minister, educating the children during the week and preaching the Gospel to their pa rents on the Sabbath. Borland George, P. 0- Adeline. Borland James, farmer. Sec. 25 ; P. 0. Adeline. Borland John, P. 0. Adeline. Borland Samuel, P. 0. Adeline. Bovey Lewis, farmer. Sec. 25 ; P. 0. Forreston. BOVEY SAMUEL. Farmer, Sec. 34 ; P. 0. Forreston ; was born in this county in 1840 ; married Miss Mary C. Petrie, Dec 24, 1863 ; she was born in same county, 1844 ; they have three children — Franklin McClellan, bom Sept. 24, 1864 ; William C, March 18, 1868; Emma A., Jan. 18, 1871. He and family are members of the U. B. Church ; he and wife have been mem bers of this church for thirteen years ; he is now Trastee ; has been Steward two years, and School Director nine years ; his father located in this county in 1836, and owns the farm now cultivated by Mr. Samuel Bovey ; it contains 160 acres, and is worth $12,000. Bowans Henry, P. 0. Forreston. Breaw Jacob, Sec. 33 ; P. 0. Adeline. Brenner Henry, P. 0. Adeline. Brightwieser Leonard, P. 0. AdeUne. Butts Enos, P. 0. Adeline. ' 42 712 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY : BROCKMEIER CHRIS TIAN. Farmer, Sec. 10 ; P. 0. Baileyville ; born in Lippe, Germany, 1827 ; came to this country and located in this county with his father in 1848 ; he married Miss Fina Sutges in 1857 ; she was born in Germany in 1835. They had eight children— Trine, born Feb. 8, 1859 ; Lizzie, Feb. 15, 1861 ; . Fina, Dec. 11, 1862; Maria, Sept. 20, 1864; Christian H., Oct 12, 1867; Johanna, Jan. 4, 1869 ; Wilhelmine, Feb. 1, 1871; Ella, March 9, 1873. Mr. Brockmeier and family are members of the Evangelical Church, of which he has been Elder for thirteen years ; he owns 335 acres of land, worth $18,000. CAIN ALVANAS, farmer. Sec 28; P. 0. Adeline. Chrooshager Christ, P. 0. Adeline. Clemen Ippe, P. 0. Adeline. Coffman Abraham, Sec. 25 ; P. 0. Adeline. Coffman Addison, P. 0. Adeline. COFFMAN JOHND. Farmer; Sec. 3 ; P. 0. Baileyville ; born Wash ington Co., Md., 1837 ; he located in this Co., in 1839/; he married Elizabeth Downey, June 25, 1863 ; she was born in Washington Co., Md., March 6, 1838 ; they have three children — Katie, born June 4, 1865 ; Louis D., May 14, 1874 ; Samuel W., Dec. 2, 1876; Mr. and Mrs. Coffman are members of Christ Adelphine Church ; he owns 260 acres of land worth $15,000 ; he is a son of Samuel W. Coffman, formerly County Commissioner, and one of the most en terprising citizens of the county. COFFMAN NATHANIEL. Farmer ; Sec. 29 ; P. 0. AdeHne ; born in Washington Co., Md., 1824; mar ried Mary M. Etnyre 1848 ; she was born in Washington Co., Md., 1831; they have six children — Susan M., born Sept. 10, 1849 ; Isaac, born June 17, 1851 ; Samuel A., born May 29, 1858 ; Sarah L., born June 2, 1863 ; Har rison D., born Sept. 19, 1867 ; he owns 360 acres of land in this county worth $18,000, and 160 acres in Iowa, worth $3,000 ; he located in this county in 1848 ; his farm is well improved and his residence pleasantly located, com manding a view of Adeline and the sur rounding country. COFFMAN SAMUEL W. Par mer; Sec. 12; P. 0. Adeline; born in Washington Co., Md., 1811 ; married Miss Catherine Downey, 1833 ; she was born in Washington' Co., Md., 1814; located in this county in 1840 ; Mrs. Coffman died 1876 ; had ten children, five of whom are deceased — Naomi, born Oct. 15, 1835 ; John D., born July 1, 1837 ; Adison, born Aug. 24, 1843 ; Susan M., bom Dec. 21, 1845; Matilda, born Feb. 24, 1854 ; Mr. Coff man and family are members of Christ Adelphine Church ; twenty years he has been Trustee, and School Director since the school system was established in the township ; he was the first Trustee in township ; he served as County Com- ' missioner for three years, from 1845 to 1848 ; he assumed control of his father's business at the age of 14, and has been an active business man since that to the present time, ha'ving accumulated a large fortune by energy, business tact and unflinching integrity ; he owns 664 acres of land in this county, worth $33,000, and 720 acres in Iowa, worth $15,000. Cooly George E. P. 0. Adeline. Cooley John, renter; Sec. 36; P. 0. Forreston. COOLEY JOHN B. Farmer; Sec. 30 ; P. 0. Adeline ; born Down Co., Ireland, 1815 ; located in this county in 1838 ; married Maria Brown Jan. 1845 ; she was born in Washing ton Co., Md., Oct. 6, 1814; they are members of the U. B. Church ; have four children — John W., born Jan. 6, 1846 ; George E., born Feb. 26, 1849 ; Ann Catherine, born May 16, 1848 ; Louis H., June 13, 1853 ; he owns 180 acres of land worth $10,000; Mr. Cooley has fine improvements upon his farm, with the advantages of a clear stream of water meandering through it all seasons of the year. Cooley Lewis, P. 0. Adeline. COOPER FRANK B. Princi pal in the Public School, Adeline ; was born in this county in 1855 ; he has been teaching school six years, five years in this county and one year in Stephenson County. Mr. Cooper is a young man of fine appearance, and evi dently possessed of the faculty of con- MARYLAND TOWNSHIP. 713 veying to his pupils his own ideas and the knowledge he desires to impart to them. Cornell Hiram, P. 0. Adeline. Cornell John A. P. 0. AdeUne. kAVIS B. P. P. 0. Adeline. D' DAVIS JOHN (deceased); was born in Washington Co., Md., 1802; he located in this county in 1845 ; he married Miss Hester Ann McNutt in Dec. 16, 1831 ; she was born in Wash ington Co., Md., 1814. They had two children, Benjamin Franklin born Jan. 29, 1840; Margaret, Sept 13, 1837. They were members of the Lutheran Church. Mr. Davis died in 1866 ; he carried on farming successfully up to the time of his death. Mrs. Davis rented the farm, her son being engaged in the well digging business, with im proved machinery for that purpose ; he put a well down 2 27 J feet in eleven days through solid rock, except thirteen feet, for a gentleman in Jo Daviess Co. Decknadee E. P. 0. Adeline. Deffenbough Thos. P. 0. Forreston. DENEKAS ROBERT. Farmer, Sec. 3 ; P. 0. Baileyville ; born in East Priesland, Hanover, Germany, 1828 ; located in this county in 1863 ; mar ried Miss Telka Duisman in 1858 ; she was bom in East Priesland, Hanover, Germany, in 1833. They have four chil dren — Geerdiena, born July 26, 1860 ; Harm, Aug. 19, 1869 ; Wemkea, Feb. 13, 1871 ; Fokko, May 18, 1877. They attend the Holland Dutch Reformed Church ; he rents 68 acres of land from Peter Greenfield. Dewold 0. Sec. 32 ; P. 0. Forreston. DOVENBARGER JACOB. Farmer, Sec. 24 ; P. 0. Adeline ; born in Washington Co., Md., in 1814; mar ried Miss Catherine Haller in 1836 ; she was bom in Washington Co., Md., in 1809 ; they located in this county in 1845 ; he has been Justice of the Peace eight years. Poor Officer five years. Path Master and Road Commis sioner eleven years ; he has been De positary and Bible Agent fifteen years ; he is School Director now ; he owns 280 acres of land, worth $20,000. Mr. Dovenberger's residence is located on a knoll ; he pumps water from a well by windmill, which he conveys by iron pipes under the ground to his barns, hog pens, and several other points, so ar ranged by floats and valves as to supply fully without wastage. Downey Samuel L. P. 0. Adeline. Downey Thomas M. P. 0. Adeline. Driesback Tilgman, P. 0. Adeline. Drury J. N. P. 0. Adeline. TpUKLE John H P. 0. Adeline. ERDMAN DANIEL. Farmer; Sec 8 ; P. 0. Adeline ; he was born in Schuylkill Co., Pa., 1815. He married Miss Maria Campbell in 1837 ; she was born in Northumberland Co., Pa., in 1814 ; they located in this county in 1840 ; they had nine children (three of whom are deceased) — Marv, born Feb. 8, 1839 ; Sarah, born Oct 10, 1840 ; Caroline, born March 11, 1843; Lydia, born July 20, 1844 ; Henry K., bom Nov. 22, 1846; Rebecca, born Oct 13, 1848. Mr. Erdman is a member of the Lutheran and Mrs. Erdman of the Ger man Reformed Church ; he owns 280 acres of land worth $70 per acre. ERDMAN HENRY K. Farmer; Seo. 8 ; P. 0. Adeline ; bom in this county in Nov. 22, 1846 ; married Miss Amanda S. Flautt Feb. 22, 1866 ; she was born in Washington Co., Maryland March 30, 1848; they have four chil dren — Minnie P., born Dec. 28, 1867; Gussey I., bom March 28, 1870 ; Daniel born May 2, 1873 ; Mary May, born August 15, 1874. Mr. Erdman resides ¦with his father and cultivates the farm of 280 acres, owned by his father and worth about $20,000. Etnyre Henry, P. 0. Adeline. Etnyre Isaac, P. 0. Adeline. ETTINGER JOHN .A. Farmer; Sec. 8 ; P. 0. Adeline ; born in Fayette Co., Pa., June30, 1823 ; located in this county Nov. 1840; he married Miss Barbara Nikerk, May, 1845 ; she was born in Washington Co., Maryland, 1823 ; she died in 1847 in this county ; he married his second wife in 1849 ; she was a Miss Sarah Etnyre ; born in Washington Co., Md., Nov. 26, 1828; they had two children — Joseph S., born April 15, 1858 ; John Elmer, born Nov. 1863 (he died August 13, 1865) ; Mr. Ettinger was Supervisor six years, from 714 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY: 1851 to 1857 ; Township Trustee from 1859 to 1873 ; Commissioner of High ways two terms ; Town Clerk two terms ; School Director six years ; he commenced teaching school in this Tp., when he was 17 years of age ; he taught three terms, and was one of the first teachers in the township ; he made out the Assessors books for all the Assessors in the town ship with a few exceptions down to 1876 ; he was School Trustee six years, between 1850 and 1860 ; he was em ployed by John M. Hinkle, County Clerk, at $5.00 a day during one sea son, computing tax and preparing the books for the Collectors. His father, who is 88 years of age, was born in Adams Co., Pa., 1790, and has been living with him since 1 852 ; he owns 180 acres of land, and a very fine and substantial brick residence with modern improvements on it, worth $20,000 ; there is no farm house in the State better than his. Ettinger Joseph S., P. 0. Adeline. Eversale Joseph B., P. 0. Adeline. FASHA FREDERICK, farmer ; Sec 12 ; P. 0. Adeline. FASH A_ LEWIS, Farmer; Sec. 1 ; P. 0. Baileyville ; was born in Sabben- hausen, Lippe-Detmold, Germany, 1839 ; located iu this county in 1846 ; married Miss Veedelona Meriein, Sept. 19, 1857 ; she was bom in Weiner, East Priesland, Kingdom of Hanover, in 1836 ; they had ten children, four of whom are deceased ; living — Lewis, born June 23, 1863 ; Gezena, born August 22, 1868 ; Har man, born March 18, 1871 ; Dorotha, born Dec. 13, 1872 ; Frederick, bom Sept 24, 18'74; Vendelena, born Dec. 25, 1876 ; Mr. Fasha owns 1,100 acres of land worth $65 per acre in this county, and 1,434 acres in Nebraska worth $12 yer acre ; his Ogle County property is cut up into farms, and have good im provements on them ; he is about to lo cate his family at Baileyville, in order to secure better school facilities for his children. Pink John, Sr. farmer; Sec. 16; P.O. Adeline. Fink John, Jr. farmer ; Sec. 16 ; P. 0. Adeline. Finkbaur C. F. P. 0. Adeline. Finkboner G. W. P. 0. Adeline. Finkhom J. C. P. 0. Adeline Fossler Charles, P. 0. Adeline. FOSSLER CHRISTIAN, Mer chant, Adeline ; born in Northumberland Co., Pa., 1835 ; located in this county in 1840. Married Miss Sarah Wagoner Sept 15, 1856 ; she was born in same county Dec 5, 1837 ; they bore two children — Clara Virginia, born Oct. 13, 1859; Reneous C, born Aug. 21, 1864. Mr. Fossler has been in the general mercantile business, in his pres ent location, eleven years ; he is an energetic business man, and has a large trade ; he gives his entire attention to his business. Fossler Joseph, P. 0. Adeline. Fry David, farm.; Sec. 26 ; P.O. Forreston. Pry Isaac, farmer ; Sec. 28 ; P. O.Adeline. Fry Ruben H. P. 0. Forreston. r\ AUKEY HENRY C. P. 0. Adeline. Garkey F. H. P. 0. Adeline. Garwis Charles, P. 0. Baileyville. GAR WIG JACOB J. Farmer; Sec. 29 ; P. 0. Adeline ; born in Baden, Germany, in 1829 ; located in Stephen son county. 111., in 1854, and in this county in 1855 ; he married Mrs. Mar garet Snyder in 1857 ; she was born in Europe in 1830, and came to this country when a child, with her parents ; they have two children — John, born Feb. 22, 1865 ; Mary Ann, born AprU 24, 1857. Mrs. Garwig has three chil dren (by her first husband — GottUeb Rummel, who died Nov. 17, 1855) — George, bom Oct 17, 1852 ; Elizabeth, bom Feb. 22, 1854; Gottlieb, bom Nov. 22, 1855. Mr. Garwig owns 60 acres of land, worth $4,000 ; he and" family are members of the Evangelical Church. Gewalt Dirkson, P. 0. Adeline. Gilbert Clay, P. 0. Forreston. Greenfield H. B. Sec. 4; P. 0. Bailey ville. Greenfield Peter, Sec 3; P. 0, Bailey ville. Good Melvin Sr. P. 0. Adeline. Grayham W. Scott, P. 0. Adeline. HAGARD FREDERICK, P. 0. Adeline. Hanmer A. J. P. 0. Adeline. Hamilton Isaac, Sec. 33 ; P. 0. Adeline. Hammond Josiah, P. 0. Adeline. MARYLAND TOWNSHIP. 715 Huteman Seaton, P. 0. Forreston. Heller Jacob, P. 0. Adeline. Helter John E. P. 0. Adeline. Heller John S. P. 0. Adeline. Heller William, P. 0. Adeline. Hickstine Christ. P. 0. Adeline. Hiestand Jacob, P. 0. Adeline. Hill Lewis, P. 0. Adeline. Hiteman Joseph, P. 0. Forreston. Hoffmann Ferdinand, P. 0. Adeline. Hundermark Christ. P. 0. Adeline. TACOBS ENOS, Sec 6 ; P. 0. Adeline. Jacobs Henry C. P. 0. Fo'reston. JACOBS HEZEKIAH, Farmer ; Sec. 8 ; P. 0. Adeline ; born in Alle ghany Co., Md., in 1820 ; he married Miss Eliza Barnes in 1 848 ; they lo cated in this county in 1853 ; he pur chased his homestead on the 11th day of March of that year ; he owns 538 acres of land, 240 of which is in Sec. 8, and worth $13,227.50 ; 218.06 acres in Sees. 7 and 12, worth $10,489; 80 acres in Foreston, worth $4,500 ; his improvements have a home-like appear ance ; they have no children to leave his wealth to ; he patronizes all laudable enterprises of a public character. Jacobs Josephus, P. 0. Adeline. Jacobs Samuel I. P. O. Adeline. Jones Enon, P. 0. Adeline. Jones John, P. O. Adeline. TT^ILKER CHRIST, P. 0. Baileyville. KILKER AUGUST, Parmer, Sec. 2 ; P. 0. Baileyville ; born in Eber- feld, Lippe-Detmold, Germany, Aug. 29, 1841 ; located in this country in 1848 ; married Miss Eliza Kaney in 1865; she was born in this county, June 1, 1845 ; they have eight chil dren living — Elizabeth J. born Sept. 30, 1866 ; Anna M. D., Dec 8, 1867 ; Henry A. C, July 2, 1869 ; August P. C, Oct 9, 1870 ; Josephine M. D., July 8, 1872; John H., Nov. 24, 1873; Emma W., April 16, 1875; Mary D. G., Aug. 29, 1877. Mr. Kil- ker and family are members of tbe Evangelical Church ; he owns 337 acres of land, worth $70 per acre. Kidwell M. A. P. 0. Adeline. Kilker William, P. 0. Forreston. Kimball Martin, P. 0. Adeline. Klaasen Fred. H. P. 0. Ridott Klaason Richard, P. O. Ridott. Koontz John H. P. 0. Adeline. KORF AUGUEST F. Farmer, Sec. 11 ; P. 0. Forreston ; born in Vaderfald, Lippe-Detmold, Germany, May 2, 1843 ; he came to this country in 1848 ; he married Miss Dorotha Zumdahl in 1870 ; she was born in Sabbenhausen, Lippe - Detmold, Ger many, April 27, 1848 ; they have three children — August C., born Feb. 23, 1871 ; Jesse A., Jan. 14, 1874 ; George P., May 1 0, 1877. Mr. Korf owns 170 acres of land in this township, worth $8,500, and 160 acres in Iowa, worth $25 per acre ; he is an energetic young man ; an advocate for good schools and a liberal education, he is School Director, and has been for the last three years. Kortz John H. P. 0. Ridott. "T ANDIS N. L. P. 0.. Adeline LINK JOHN, Farmer, Sec 35 ; P. 0. Forreston ; born in Germany in 1817 ; located in Rochester, N. Y., in 1844 ; and in this county in 1851 ; married Miss Catherine Zollers in 1847 ; she was bom in Germany in 1821 ; had three children (two deceased) — John H., born Jan. 17, 1851 (he married Miss Lydia Rebmann Jan. 4, 1876 ; she was born in this county Jan. 1, 1853 ; they have one child, Charley, born Sept.. 7, 1877). Mr. Link and family are members of the Lutheran Church, of which he was Deacon ten years ; he owns 240 acres of land, worth $20,000. Link John Jr. Sec. 35 ; P. 0. Forreston. Lindsay Thos. H. P. 0. Adeline. Little Preeland, P. 0. Adeline. Little Hamilton, P. 0. Adeline. McCRADY CHARLES, P. 0. For reston. McCutchen B. P. S. 27 ; P. 0. Forreston. MoFariand John, Sec. 18 ; P. 0. Adeline. McFarland James, P. 0. Adeline. McFARLAND SAMUEL, Far mer ; P. 0. Adeline ; was born in Antrim County, Ireland, in 1798 ; located in the State of Maryland in 1819, and in this county in 1839 ; he married Miss Nancy Carroll ; she was born in Wash ington Co., Md., Jan. 27, 1809_; had twelve children, one of whom is de ceased ; living — Mary, born Sept. 6, 1829; John, born March 6, 1831; 716 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY : Susan, born May 6, 1833 ; Margaret, born Jan. 13, 1839 ; Charles, born Feb. 9, 1843; Samuel, born Nov. 18, 1848; Arthur, born April 2, 1850; James, born Jan. 21, 1853. They are mem bers of the Lutheran Church ; Mr. Mc Farland owns 160 acres of land and a good residence in Adeline, worth about $8,000 ; he is as active as a young man, although eighty years of age ; he was Magistrate four years, dating from 1850, and Town Trustee at same time. McNutt Benjamin, P. 0. Adeline. Meyers Benjamin, P. 0. Adeline. MEYERS PETER R. Farmer; Sec. 36 ; P. 0. Forreston ; born in this county, Deo. 23, 1843; Married Miss Sarah Jane McLain Jan. 17, 1867 ; she was bora in this county May 13, 1842 ; have three children — Louis P., born Oct. 15, 1867; Edwin Henry, born Jan. 1, 1871 ; Charles Arthur, born May 29, 1875 ; Mr. Meyers was School Trustee three years, and Road Commissioner one year ; he owns 162 acres of land, worth $10,000; Mr. Jonathan Meyers, father of Peter, located in this county in 1837 ; hence was ,one of the oldest settlers in this county. MERLIEN AREND H. Farmer ; Sec 6 ; P. 0. Baileyville ; born in Holt- husen County, Wener, Hanover, Nov. 30, 1832; he located in this county Aug. 16, 1854; married Miss Anna St. Wilhelms, Aug. 7, 1863 ; she was born in Terborg, Leer County, Hanover, May 3, 1843 ; they had seven children (three of whom are deceased) — Hemp A., born July 11. 1867 ; Harm A., born Aug. 7, 187J ; Gezena A., born Nov. 18, 1873; Antje A., born May 19, 1876 ; Harm J. Merlien, a nephew (adopted) born June 6, 1859 ; his father died May 10, 1861, and his mother died Sept, 1862; Mr. M. and wife are members of the Dutch Re formed Church ; he owns 048 acres of land, worth $33,000. Michael Fred, P. 0. Adehne. Middlekauff D. E. Sec. 25 ; P.O. Forreston. MIDDLEKAUFF REV. JNO. H. Preacher and Farmer ; Sec. 30 ; P. 0. Adeline ; born in Washington Co., Md., in 1815 ; he married Mary Butterbauo-h in 1 847 ; she was born in Bedford Co., Pa. in 1829 ; they located in this county June, 1848, having come in his own wagon all the way from Maryland ; they have seven children — Laura C, born April 9, 1851 ; Ella S., born Feb. 17, 1855 ; Clara E., born May 25, 1857 ; Edna F., born Nov. 20, 1859 ; Arthur H., born May 27, 1862 ; Emma May, born June 11, 1864; Bertha Agnes, bom Dec. 22, 1868; Mr. Middlekauff and family are mem bers of the United Brethern Church ; he has been School Director thirteen years. Trustee three years, and has been in the Ministry six years. Superintend ent of Sabbath School eighteen years ; he has devoted more of his time and attention to this than to preaching ; he owns 300 acres of land, worth $12,000. Middlekauff J. N. Miller Eli B. P. 0. Adeline. MILLER ISAIAH, Farmer; Sec. 7 ; P. 0. Adeline ; born in Alleghany Co., Md., July 30, 1813 ; married Miss Nancy Barnes, March 1, 1835 ; she was born in Alleghany Co., Md., Jan. 19, 1818 ; they located in this county in 1842 ; they had thirteen children (one deceased)— Mary C, born Aug. 9, 1837 Ehza E., March 4, 1840 ; Wilham H. Aug. 24, 1841; John T., Dec 9, 1843 Rachel J., June 21, 1845 ; Isaiah, Sep. 20, 1847; Eli B., June 27, 1849 David M., Nov. 1, 1851; Harriet A Aug. 25, 1853; Lorenzo, April 8, 1856 Nancy C, Aug. 25, 1858 ; Charles A., June 2, 1860 ; Mr. Miller and family are members of the U. B. Church ; he has been School Director fourteen years and agent of the American Bible Soci ety for fifteen years, he and Mrs. Miller are life members of it ; he owns 280 acres of land worth $17,000, including valuable improvements. MILLER JEREMIAH, Farmer; Seo. 13 ; P. 0. Adeline ; born in Alle ghany Co., Md., March 16, 1826; he married Miss Rhoda Jacobs, Sept. 26, 1848 ; she was born in Alleghany Co., Md., Feb. 20, 1828 ; they located Feb. 18, 1854; their children are James Elliott, born Dec. 13, 1849, died of diphtheria Aug. 26, 1862 ; Mandana M., born Oct. 5, 1852 ; Mary L., Dec. 14, 1855; Rachel A., March 10, 1859; Austin C., Jan. 1, 1861 ; Jesse' J., MARYLAND TOWNSHIP. 717 July 23, 1864, died of diphtheria June 24, 1876 ; Isaac G., Oct. 25, 1866 ; Libby M., Feb. 6, 1869, died of diph theria May 31, 1876 ; Mr. Miller and wife have been members of the Chris tian Church for 32 years ; he was Dea con in the State of Maryland and at North Grove in this county ; he was Township Supervisor two years. Com missioner of Highways three years, Path Master one year, and School Di rector twelve years ; he holds that posi tion now ; he owns 380 acres of land worth $25,000. Miller Thomas, P. 0. Adeline. Miller William H. P. 0. Adline. MITCHELL GEORGE W. Merchant ; P. 0. Adeline ; born in Washington Co. Md., Sept. 4, 1821 ; married Miss Phebe Wilson, Oct. 31, 1850 ; she was born in Baltimore, Md., Jan. 8, 1826 ; Mr. Mitchell located in county in the Fall of 1857 ; they have three children living — William P., born Jan. 10, 1853 ; Emma L., Nov. 24, 1856 ; Clara-A., June 19, 1864 ; he was School Director fifteen years ; has been Town Supervisor for the last ten years and a Notary Public in and for the county of Ogle ; in politics he is a Democrat ; he has been in the general mercantile bus iness 26 years and carries a full stock of merchandise suitable for a country trade ; his long experience in the business gives him many advantages which he is lib eral enough to give his customers the benefit of; his son, an active young bus iness man, assists him in the manage ment of his store. Mitchell W. F. P. 0. Adeline. Molter Abraham, Section 16 ; P. 0. Ade line. Monkemeyer Henry, P. 0. Forreston. Mulnitz Fritz, P. 0. Adeline. Mullen Jacob, P. 0. Adeline. Mullen John P. P. 0. Forreston. Mullen Josephus, P. 0. Adeline. Mullen Samuel Sr. P. 0. Adeline. Mullen Samuel Jr. P. 0. Adeline. Mullen Wm. H. P. 0. Adeline. Mumma David, P. 0. Adeline. MUMMA JOHN, Postmaster, Ade line ; was born in Washington Co., Md., 1818 ; located in the State of Illinois in 1 837 ; returned to Maryland in the Fall of 1840 ; married Miss Susan Huffman in the Fall of 1842 ; she was born in • 1822 ; they located in this county in the Pall of 1846 ; they had six children, two girls and four boys — Mary Ellen was born in Washington Co., Md., May 5, 1844 ; Isaiah S., born Deo. 23, 1845 ; Catherine, bom in this county August 11, 1848; David, bom August 13, 1850; Samuel W., born Feb. 26, 1856 ; Frank L., born August 1, 1866 ; Mr. Mumma and wife are members of the Ijutheran Church ; Mr. Mumma has been in office in the church for 18 years, and Post master of Adeline for 5 years and Justice of the Peace 3 years. Mumma J. S. P. 0. Adeline. Myers J. S. P. 0. Adeline. Myers John, P. 0. Adeline. nVTEWCOMER CHAS. H. P. 0. JjN Adeline. NEWCOMER DAVID, Farmer; Sec. 5 ; P. 0. Adeline ; born in Wash ington Co., Md., 1821 ; located in this county in 1846 ; married Miss Ellen Beeler, 1850 ; she was born in Washing ton Co., Md. ; they have two children — Ann Sophia, born April 21, 1851; Joseph S., bom Oct 18, 1853 ; he owns 280 acres of land, worth $14,000 or $50 Sec 32; P. 0. per acre. Newcomer Emanuel, Adeline. Newcomer Joseph, P. 0. Adeline. Newcomer Joseph S. P. 0. Adeline. /^MHOLTZ HENRY, P. 0. Adeline. O'Neal Elias, P. 0. Adeline. O'Neal Geo. H. P. 0. Adeline O'Neal Robert, P. 0. Adeline. OTTO CHRISTIAN (deceased) ; was born in Vaderfald, Lippe-Det mold, Germany, in 1805 ; he married Mary Peppering in 1846 ; she was born in- Sebbenhausen, Lippe-Det mold, in 1821 ; they came to this coun try in 1848 ; they had six children : Dora, born Aug. 14, 1847; Henry, April 11, 1850 ; Louis, May 27, 1854 ; August, Feb. 8, 1859 ; Frederick, Aug. 1, 1862. Mrs. Otto married her sec ond husband, Henry Hoberts, Aug ust, 1864. Mrs. Hoberts and children are members of the Catholic Church ; she owns 545 acres of land, worth $38,000. Otto Lewis, P. 0. AdeUne. 718 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY : PAUL CONRAD, Sec 36; P. 0. Adeline. PAUL CHRISTIAN, Farmer, Sec 36 ; P. 0. Forreston . bom in Germany in 1819 ; located in New York in 1848, and in this county in 1849 ; he married Miss Anna Mary Zumdahl in 1833 ; she was born in Germany in 1817 ; he and family are members of the Reformed Church ; had eight children, one of whom is deceased ; the living are Louisa D., born in 1836; Christian C., Nov. 15, 1847; Henry and John, May 3, 1850; Minnie, May 1, 1852; Fred, Nov. 20, 1856; Lewis W., Sept 15, 1857. Mr. Paul has been a member of his Church since boyhood, and Deacon part of the time ; he met with a seri ous accident by being crushed in a threshing machine in 1849, having his right shoulder and arm and four ribs badly broken, which laid him up for two years ; yet notwithstanding this misfor tune, and the fact that he came to this country a poor man with a young fam ily, by industry, perseverance, and strict integrity, he has accumulated a compe tence, owning 380 acres of land well im proved, worth $20,000. Paul C. C. Sec. 36 ; P. 0. Forreston. Paul Frederick Jr. S. 36 ; P. 0. Forreston. Paul Henry, Sec. 36 ; P. 0. Forreston. Paul John, Sec 36 ; P. 0. Forreston. Petrie Lewis, See. 36 ; P. 0. Forreston. Petrie Myron, P. 0. Adeline. Piper Geo. T. P. 0. Adeline. Piper Jacob M. P. 0. Adeline. Piper Wm. H. P. 0. Adeline. POFFENBERGER WILL IAM, Farmer. Sec 9 ; P. O.Adeline ; born in Washington Co., Md., April 13, 1825 ; he located in this county in the Spring of 1848 ; he married Miss Em- ley De Butts in 1852 ; she was born in Washington Co., Md., Jan. 20, 1828 ; they had two children, one of whom is deceased — Edna Florence, born June 2, 1855, is their only surviving child, a young lady of refinement. Mrs. Pof- fenberger's parents came to this county in 1840 ; Mrs. P. and mother are mem bers of the Christ Adelphine Church ; he owns 240 acres of land with substan tial improvements, his residence being built of solid hewn stone ; looks as if it might last a thousand years. RAMBAUGH GEORGE, P. 0. Adeline. RATMEYER F. HENRY, Far mer ; Sec. 13 ; P. 0. Forreston ; bom in Sebbenhausen, Lippe-Detmold, Ger many, Dec. 7, 1844; came to this country in 1871 and located in this county July 6, 1871 ; he married Mrs. Elizabeth Zundahl April 27, 1873 ; she was born in Jefferson County, Virginia, Oct. 25, 1840 ; they have two children — Martha, born July 15, 1874; Mena, Nov. 28, 1876 ; Mrs. Ratmeyer had five children by her first husband (Mr. Zundahl, deceased) — Henry, born Sept' 27, I860; Lizzie, Sept 14, 1862' Frederick, Julv 3, 1865 ; August, Feb' 14, 1867 ; William, Dec. 4, 1871 ; Mr Ratmeyer and family are members of the Evangelical Church ; he cultivates 221 acres of land belonging to the Zun dahl estate, which is worth about $10,000; Mr. Henry Sherrer, father of Mrs. Rat meyer, located in this county in 1845. Rave John L. P. 0. Adeline. REBMAN HENRY, Farmer; Sec. 35 ; P. 0. Forreston ; born in Ger many, 1823 ; married Elizabeth Snyder 1852 ; she was born in Germany 1831 ; he located in N. Y. State in 1846, and in this county in 1847 ; they have seven children — Lydia, born Jan. 1, 1853; Jonathan, June 8, 1854 ; Sarah, Oct. 12, 1855; Charles, May 15, 1857; Elizabeth, Nov. 6, 1859 ; George, July 27, 1860; Mary, May 10, 1862; his first wife died Feb. 6, 1865 ; he married Elizabeth Guth 1870 ; she was born in Pa., Northampton Co., May 7, 1836 ; they have four children by this marriage — Emma C, born Oct. 30, 1870 ; Joseph H., March 19, 1872; Benjamin S., July 22, 1873; Annie P., Jan. 12, 1875; they are members of Lutheran Church ; he has been Schrol Director 15 years; he owns 210 acres of land worth $15,- 000. Rebman Jonathan, S. 35 ; P. 0. Forreston. Rhodarmel Amos Sec. 32 ; P. 0. Adeline. RICHTER aiRS. AMELIA, Farming ; Sec. 16 ; P. 0. Adeline ;• bom in Germany in 1823 ; located in this county in 1855 ; married Sebright Richter 1847 ; he died May 20, 1874 ; she had five children, one of whom is deceased ; living — Harmon W., born MARYLAND TOWNSHIP. 719 Sept 7, 1850 ; Charies A., Oct 5, 1854 ; William J., August 10, 1857; Mrs. Richter is a member of the Evangelical Church ; she owns 96 acres of land worth $5,000, which her son William J. is managing for her. Richenbach Chas., P. 0. Adeline. Rimmuel Gotleib, P. 0. Adeline. RINEHART SAMUEL, Farmer; Sec. 20 ; P. 0. Adeline ; he was born in Green Co., Pa., in 1814 ; married Miss Sarah Bovey in 1835; she was born in Franklin Co., Pa., 1812; they located in this county in 1844 ; they have seven children — Isaiah, bom Dec. 1838 ; Sarah A., April, 1837 ; Henry, 1840 ; Lucinda, July 12, 1842 ; Susan E., Oct 4, 1843; Margaret E., Feb. 1846; Thos. B., March 4, 1855; Mr. Rinehart and family are members of U. B. Church ; he has been Trustee for 20 years and School Director for several terms ; he owns 260 acres of land worth $13 000 ROWLAND ANDREW, Farmer; Sec. 35 ; P. 0. Forreston ; born in Washington Co., Md., 1821 ; married Miss Elizabeth Myers in 1849 ; she was bom in same county in 1 827 ; they located in this county in 1844 ; they have three children living (and one dead) — Louis P., born Jan. 12, 1852 ; George W., Dec. 18, 1858 ; Mary E., June 28, 1864 ; Mr. R. has been School Director twelve years, Trustee three years, and Commissioner three years ; he owns 338 acres of land, worth $20,- 000 ; his buildings and his improve ments are of the most substantial char acter. Rowland Isaac B. P. 0. Adeline. Rowrey George R. P. 0. Adeline. RUNTE SOION, Farmer; Sec._ 11 ; P. 0. Baileyville ;- born in Lippe- Detmold, Germany, in 1822 ; came to this country in 1848 ; married Whele- mine Schrader in 1847 ; she was born in the same place in 1823 (she died in June, 1875); he has ten children liv ing—Frederick, born May 27, 1849 ; Louisa, Sept 6, 1850; Henry, Feb. 11, 1853; Whelemine, Nov. 16, 1854; Samuel, April 11, 1856 ; Charles, May 1, 1859; William, Feb. 22, 1861; Mary, Dec. 23, 1862 ; Emma, Sept 2, 1864; Martha, July 17, 1867; they were members of the Evangelical Church ; he owns 295 acres of land, valued at $15,000. Ryan John H. P. 0. Adeline. O CRIBER CHRIST, P. 0. Adeline. Scriber Gotlieb, P. 0. Adeline. Seibert John, Seo. 21 ; P. 0. Adeline. Shaffstall J. M. Sec. 21 ; P. 0. Adeline. Sheorer Henry, P. 0. Adeline. Shoffer Daniel, P. 0. Adeline. Shrader Henry, P. 0. Adeline. Shumaker E. P. 0. Adeline. Shumaker Henry, Sec. 22.; P. 0. Adeline. Simms Ulriok, P. 0. Adeline. Sloggett Alfred C. P. 0. Adeline. Sloggett Wm. P. 0. Adeline. Small J. Sec. 33 ; P. 0. Mount Morris. Smith F. R. P. 0. Adeline. Snyder Charles, P. 0. Adeline. Snyder George, P. 0. Adeline. Snyder Simon, P. 0. Adeline. Snyder Silas, P. 0. Adeline. Sommers Samuel, P. 0. Adeline. STAUFFER D. W. Stone Mason ; P! 0. Adeline ; born in Washington Co., Md., July 16, 1824; married Miss Frances S. Petre ; she was born in Washington Co., Md., in 1832; they located in this county in 1846 ; have seven children — William H., born Jan. 12, 1850 ; Samuel J., Oct. 5, 1851 ; Mary E., March 22, 1853; George W., March 2, 1860, Ida A., Nov. 5, 1863; Jacob, Feb. 5, 1866; Eliza W., Oct. 3, 1874 ; Charies, Dec 23, 1871; Mr. Stauffer owns a residence in Adeline; he is a successful and prac tical mechanic ; has been Road Com missioner six years. Stevens George, P. 0. Adeline. Stoner Benjamin, P. 0. Adeline. Stouffer Jonas, P. 0. Adilene. Stouffer William H. P. 0. AdeUne. Stover D. W. P. 0. Adeline. StavarJohn S. P. 0. AdeUne. Sturkuburg August, P. 0. Adeline. Sturkuburg Conrad, P. 0. AdUne. Stukenburg C. A. P. 0. Adeline. STUKENBERG DENNIS L. Farmer ; Sec 31 ; P. 0. Adeline ; was born on the farm he now cultivates in 1852 ; he married Lena Marten, Jan. 29, 1874; she was born in Germany; they have two children : Frederick Henry, born Julj 30, 1875 ; Martin A., 720 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY: Dec. 29, 1876 ; he owns 40 acres of land, worth $1,500 ; he is renting part of a farm and cultivating 75 acres ; his father located in this county in 1848 and died in 1^63. Stuckenberg Henry P. P. 0. Adeline. Stukenberg Henry G. P. 0. Adeline. Swab David, P. 0. Adeline. TIMMER ELIES, Sec 27; P. 0. Forreston. TOIMER FREDERICK, Sec 26 ; P. 0. Forreston ; born in Germany in 1814 ; located in this county in 1846 ; married Miss Margaret Fry in 1844 ; she was born in Washington Co., Md., iu 1824 ; had sixteen children (six de ceased) : John P., born Oct 14, 1846 ; EUas, March 21, ;i848 ; Margaret J., March 1, 1849 ; Mary E., April, 1850 ; Hannah S., Oct 6, 1851 ; Henry W., Nov. 21, 1852; Helen E., Feb. 15, 1854; Christian P., Oct 31, 1859; Emma J., Aug. 9, 1861 ; Charles, Feb. 19, 1865. Tbey are members of the Lutheran Church ; he owns 510 acres of land, worth $25,,000. Timmer Henry, Sec. 22 ; P. 0. Forreston. Timmer John P. S. 27 ; P. 0. Forreston. "TTALKEMA BERAND, not known. Vassel Henry, P. 0. Adeline. VIETMEYER HERMAN, Far mer, Sec 2 ; P. 0. Baileyville ; born in Reschnau, Lippe - Detmold, Germany, March 6, 1827 ; located in this county in 1849 ; married Miss Elizabeth Rechtmayr, Dec. 20, 1857 ; she was born in Schlanen, Lippe - Detmold, Germany, March 19, 1835 ; came to this county in 1857 ; they have seven children — Recka, born July 19, 1863 ; Amelia, Aug. 29, 1867 ; Eliza, May 7, 1869 ; Lena, March 10, 1871 ; Louisa, Oct 22, 1875 ; Herman and Mary, twins, Sept. 9, 1877. They are mem bers of the German Reformed Church ; he owns 82 J acres of land, worth |50 per acre. "TTTAGNER JOHN, P. 0. Adeline. Wagner Jonathan, P. 0. Adeline. FORRESTON TOWNSHIP. 721 FORRESTON TOWNSHIP. ADAMS ANDREW A. P. 0. For reston. Adams George, P. 0. Forreston. Adams W. A. P. 0. Baileyville. Albright J. B. E. P. 0. Forreston. Allen D. G. P. 0. Forreston. Allen I. B. P. 0. Forreston. Allen Laton, P. 0. Forreston. AUerd H. P. 0. Forreston. Allerd Sidney, P. 0. BaileyviUe. Anderson Hiram, P. 0. Forreston. Armbmster Fred, P. 0. Forreston. Anshoman Thomas, P. 0. Forreston. Ayers W. H. P. 0. Forreston. ' Ayken P. P. 0. Forreston. TDARDEL ELIAS, P. 0. Forreston. BAILEY SAMUEL JR. Parmer ; Sec. 5 ; P. 0. Baileyville ; born in Reading, Vermont, in 1 830 ; located in this county in 1851 ; married Miss Reliefe Philbrick April 11, 1856; she was born in Waldo Co., Maine, in 1835 ; they have five children — George T., bom Feb. 24, 1857 ; Mary Elizabeth, March 27, 1859 (she recovered damages at the January term of the Ogle County Circuit Court, at Oregon, Jan. 31, 1877, from the Directors of the public school, at Baileyville, from which she was wrongfully expelled Feb. 8, 1877 ; she has taught school one or more terms, and was further preparing herself as a teacher, and not likely to be guilty of insubordination as a pupil, hence, in justice to herself, she was compelled to institute the above proceedings in order to set herself right before the public, which the verdict of an impartial jury of her peers has unqualifiedly done); Ward A., March 1, 1862; Fred L., Jan. 13, 1865 ; Cora, March 25, 1875 ; Mr. Bailey established the first school in the immediate neighborhood of Baileyville, and was one of the first Directors ; he has been a Director for several terms ; he was Justice of the Peace from 1858 to 1862, and from 1876 to 1877, he and his two brothers laid out and surveyed the village of Bailey ville, and named it after his family ; he owns 400 acres of land, worth $25,0CO. Barber G. W. P. 0. Forreston. Baulsbaugh G. S. P. 0. Forreston. Baulsbaugh Jacob, P. 0. Forreston. Beck J. G. P. 0. Forreston. Beebe N. W. Sec 21 ; P. 0. Forreston. Berry Orrin, Sec. 9 ; P. 0. Baileyville. Billig Aaron, Sec. 20 ; P. 0. Forreston. BILLIG CYRUS, Farmer and School Teacher ; Sec. 25 ; P. 0. Forres ton ; born in this county in 1840; married Catty Clock in 1865 ; she was born in Holland in 1844; they have four children (one deceased) — Ulysses H. G. C, born Oct 29, 1865 ; Francis M.. Nov. 4, 1871 ; George Wash., Jan. 18, 1876 ; are members of the U. B. Church ; he has been School Director eight years, and teaching since 1863 ; he owns a farm of 160 acres of land, worth $12,000 ; Mr. Billig's father was one of the oldest residents of this county, having located here about 1836. Billig Daniel, Seo. 20 ; P. 0. Forreston. Billig Jerry, Sec. 19; P. 0. Forreston. Billig Joseph, Sec 19 ; P. 0. Forreston. Billig John, Sec 19; P. 0. Forreston. BilUg Levi, Sec. 20 ; P. 0. Forreston. Bistline Balson, Sec. 14 ; P. 0. Thomson. Bistline John, Seo. 14 ; P. 0. Forreston. Blair Drummond, P. 0. Forreston. Blair Matthew, P. 0. Forreston. Blonlane Dirk, P. 0. Forreston. Bockholder Jan. Bodman C. G. P. 0. Baileyville. BOUMAN CORNELIUS, Farm. ; Sec. 25 ; P. 0. Forreston ; born in Somerset Co., Penn., in 1831 ; married Theresa Hauger, in 1853 ; she was born in same county in 1833 ; have nine children — Rebecca, born Aug. 10, 1854 ; Roseann, Aug. 5, 1858 ; Hai-vey, July 18, 1861; Norman, Dec 27, 1863; Grant, Aug. 31, 1875; Verni, March 14, Agnes M., Dec. 4, 1867; Mary G., Oct. 27, 1871 ; John H., Sept 2, 1873 ; 1876 (three deceased) ; Mr. Bouman an family are members of the Reformed Church ; he is Trustee for church prop erty and for Union Cemetery, and is Supervisor ; he owns 200 acres worth $14,000 ; he located in this county in 1865. 722 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY: B;0WERS AAR;0N, Retired Farmer; P. 0. Forreston; born in Dauphin Co., Pa., in 1813 ; married Miss Lidia Michiel in 1833 ; she was in Northumberland Co., Pa., in 1812 ; he located in Carroll Co., in 1854, and in this county in 1871 ; they had thir teen children, six living — Sarah A. bom May 4, 1834 ; Levi J., June 20 1836; Henry W., Oct, 20, 1838 George E., March 26, 1841 ; Robert E. May 3, 184G ; Mary A., Dec 20, 1850 Mr. B. is a member of the Lutheran Church, Mrs. B. of the Reformed Church, two children of the Methodist Church, three of the Reformed Church, and one of the Evangelical Church ; he was Deacon of the Church and School Director in Pa., for ten years ; he has also been School Director in this county ; he has been a member of his church eighteen years ; he owns 80 acres of land, well improved, worth $5,000. Bowers Daniel, P. 0. Forreston. Bowers Henry, P. 0. Forreston. Bowers L. J. P. 0. Forreston. Bowers Robert, P. 0. Forreston. Bowers S. J. P. 0. Forreston. Brant F. P. 0. Forreston. Brookmeier H. P. 0. Forreston. Bronlave Thomas, P. 0. Forreston. Brook J. C. P. 0. Forreston. Brookman J. G. P. 0. Baileyville. Brown J. E. Sr. P. 0. Baileyville. Brown J. E. Jr. ; P. 0. BaileyvOle. BROWN ROBERT B. Farmer, Sec. 11 ; P. 0. Forreston ; born in Center Co., Pa., in 1820; married Nancy McClain, in 1843 ; she was born in Center Co., Pa., in 1820; they had one child, Harriet A., born Sept. 9, 1859. Mrs. B. is a member of the Presbyterian Church ; he owns 80 acres of land in a good state of cultivation, worth $5,000 ; he located in Stephen son County in 1852, and this county in 1858. Buntley John, P. 0. Forreston. Burrows Chas. P. 0. Forreston. Busse Lewis Jr. P. 0. Forreston. Busse Lewis Sr. P. 0. Forreston. /CAMPBELL J. T. P. 0. Forreston. CAHILL JOHN W. Retired Mer chant, Forreston ; born in Louden Co., Va., in 1818 ; married Catherine R. Peterie May 15, 1841 ; she was born in Washington Co., Md., in 1815 ; located in this county in 1860 ; had four chil dren (two deceased) ; living — Mary E., bom Oct. 28, 1846; Ann R., June 28, 1844 ; Upton, Sept. 11, 1842. Upton enlisted in the 15th Illinois Infantry- and served until mustered out through physical disability, although physically unfit for the army when his country called for troops he responded ; he died on the 3d of March, 1875, from the ef fects of a fever sore, from which he suf fered during his army service ; Roman, born April 13, 1850 ; died May 22, 1850. Mr. Cahill's family are members of the Lutheran Church. Chappie A. W. P. 0. Forreston. Chappie R. P. P. 0. Forreston. Cheesnam R. D. S. 23 ; P. 0. Forreston. Clark Levi, P. 0. Forreston. CLARK N. J. Proprietor Sherman House, Forreston ; born in Canada East in 1840 ; located in this county in 1869, and in Michigan in 1873 ; he returned to this county in 1875 ; he married Miss Lavonia M. Fostick in 1863 ; they have one child, Nelson Burr, born Nov. 16, 1871 ; they are members of the Epis copal Church. Mr. Clark has been in the hotel business for nine years ; he is thoroughly familiar with the require ments of his peculiar business. The Sherman House is the principal hotel of Forreston ; is well kept and well pat ronized by the traveling public. Clymer Owen, P. 0. Forreston. CoVval J. D. P. 0. Forreston. Coursey David, P. 0. Forreston. COYLE BERNARD, Farmer; Sec 17 ; P. 0. Forreston ; born in Caven County, Ireland, 1822; located in this county in. 1855; married Miss Ellen Mathews 1860 ; she was born in Limerick County, Ireland, 1836 ; they are mem bers of the Catholic Church ; had seven children (two deceased), living — James, bom August 20, 1861; Thomas, Oct 6, 1862; Bernard, May 10, 1864; Michael, April 5, 1866 ; Nancy Emily, August 16, 1877 ; Mr. Coyle owns two farms, 160 and 120 acres, worth $16,000; all accumulated through industry, energy and enterprise ; he has been in the em ploy of the I. C. R. R. Co. since 1863, and section boss since 1865 ; he is one FORRESTON TOWNSHIP. 723 of those men whose presence adds to the wealth of a community, always ready to give a helping hand to local enterprise. Cramer H. P. 0. Forreston. CRAWFORD MRS. FRAN CES, Principal in Baileyville School ; born in Springville, Erie Co., New York, 1842 ; located in Mount Morris, this county, 1862 ; she taught school in Erie Co., N. Y., three terms, 1860-61 ; three terms near Byron in this county, and seven years in Mount Morris, this county ; thirty-three terms in all iu this State ; her husband, Mr. Charles Crawford, to whom she was married in 1872, was born in Erie Co., N. Y. ; Mrs. Crawford is a lady of good attainments, and as a teacher of long practical experience, is one to whose care parents may safely confide the training and education of their children. Cronkrite J. G. P. 0. Forreston. Cupp R. D. P. 0. Forreston. Cupp U. P. 0. Forreston. xSaVIDSHENRY.P. 0. Forreston. Dayen Smith, P. 0. Forreston. DegraffLewis, P. 0. Forreston. Deitsman Gelt, Sec 3 ; P. 0. Florence. Deitsman Jacob, Sec. 3; P. 0. Florence. Dullen George, P. 0. Forreston. DulingerM. P. 0. Forreston. Derby E. W. P. 0. Baileyville. Dermick Samuel, P. 0. Forreston. Detweiler G. P. 0. Forreston. Devall Minert, P. 0. Forreston. DIEHL JOHN H. Farmer ; Sec. 25 ; P. 0. Forreston ; born in Worms, Germany, 1840 ; located with his par ents in N. Y. City, 1 844, in the grocery business ; located in this county in 1852; married Emma Schnell in 1868 ; she was bom in Union Co., Pa., 1845 ; have five children — Margaret L., born Jan. 10, 1870 ; John H. P., Feb. 13, 1871 ; Ida B., June 16, 1873; Harvey L., Sept 9, 1874 (died August 16, 1874) ; Clara A., Nov. 14, 1855 ; Minnie E., May 5, 1877 ; Mrs. Diehl is a member of U. B. Church ; Mr. Diehl of the Evangelical Church ; he owns 240 acres of land worth $18,000 ; he is a successful fish culturist, having produced from 8 speckled trout imported from Minnesota an unaccountable number of smelt; he has excavated a pond on his farm supplied with pure spring water, which is ample to supply millions of the finny tribe ; he is also engaged in breeding thorough bred stock ; he has now an imported En glish draft stud, a fine black, for which he refused $2,000— "Sir Roger Tichbome;" he has the celebrated Alderney bull ; he has a nursery, and is the most successful hedge fence man in the county, having succeeded where all the companies had utterly failed ; he has a great many miles of fence set out for farms now on contract ; Mr. Diehl is a little man in stature, but all soul, life and energy, and ready to assist any laudable enterprise of public interest which is brought to his notice. Diver Clarence, P. O. Forreston. Diver John, Sec 19 ; P. 0. Forreston. Dirksman John, P. O. Shannon. Dirkson D. P. 0. Forreston. Disher W. P. 0. Forreston. Disher W. S. P. 0. Forreston. Door S. B. P. 0. Forreston. DOVENBERGER CHRIS TIAN, Farmer ; Sec. 5 ; P. O. Bailey ville; bom in Washington Co., Md., in 1822 ; married Miss Elizabeth Puter- bouh, in 1846 ; she was bom in Bed ford Co., Pa., in 1827 ; located in this county in 1848 ; are members of the Lutheran Church; he o'wns 166 acres of land and a fine brick residence in Baileyville, also a farm in Iowa, in all worth $24,000 ; he lived seven years in Mt. Morris, and six years in AdeUne, in this county; in 1862, Mr. and Mrs. Dovenberger visited their parents, whose farms were near the battle-field of An tietam ; 30,000 troops, under Gen. McCleUan, camped on the property of their parents for over six weeks, appro priating a great deal of their property to the government use, for which they have never received any compensation. Dovenberger H. P. 0. Forreston. Dovenberger John, P. 0. Forreston. Drake Christian, Sec. 8 ; P. 0. Forreston. Duncan J. N. P. 0. Forreston. Dyer Eugene, P. 0. Forreston. Tj^AKLE M. P. 0. Forreston. Eakle M. P. O. Forreston. Eakle N. D. P. 0. Forreston. Eyler Burmond, P. 0. Forreston. Eyrick William, P. 0. Forreston. 724 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY : "TpAYGER ISAAC, P. 0. Forreston. Fay H. Sec. 32 ; P. 0. Forreston. Fay Ludgig, Sec. 24 ; P. 0. Forreston. Fay Richard, P. 0. Forreston. Fess Henry, Seo. 20 ; P. 0. Forreston. Fleuner B. F. P. 0. Forreston. Flynn A. P. 0. Forreston. Frantz James, P. 0. Forreston. FREI JOHN, Farmer ; Sec 9 ; P. 0. Baileyville ; born in Priesland, Han over, Germany, in 1831 ; located in this county in 1869 ; married Miss Geske Menders, in 1869 ; she was born in Priesland, Hanover, Germany, in 1838 ; have three children — George, born June 30, 1871; Lamke, Nov. 23, 1873; fieske, Oct 28, 1875 _; he rents 160 acres of land from Louis Fasha. Preeaksin Elso, Sec. 3 ; P. 0. Florence. Fritz B. J. P. 0. Forreston. Fisher J. A. Sec. 32 ; P. 0. Forreston. r^ ALBRAITH J. C. P. 0. Forreston. Galpin Dan. P. 0. Baileyville. Gansell P. Garner D. S. P. 0. Forreston. Geeting C. A. P. 0. Forreston. Geeting D. C. P. 0. Forreston. Geeting D. P. P. 0. Forreston. Geeting George, P. 0. Forreston. Geeting George T. P. 0. Forreston. Geeting Scott, P. 0. Forreston. Geeting W. H. P. 0. Forreston. GIBBS GEORGE T. School Teacher, Forreston ; born in Frederick ^2" City, Frederick Co., Md., 1849 ; located in this county in 1856 ; he married Miss Alice Walker in 1875 ; she was born in Menard Co., IU., 1849; he is a member of Lutheran Church ; Mrs. Gibbs is a member of Presbyterian Church ; they have one child, born Jan. 3, 1878 ; he has been teaching school three years ; Mr. Walker, father of Mrs. Gibbs, located in Menard County, Illinois, 1828, and is one of the oldest residents of the county. Gier M. B. P. 0. Forreston. GUlem M. P. P. 0. Forreston. Gitchell John, P. 0. Forreston. Gray Pat, P. 0. Forreston. GREENFIELD FRED'K, Parmer ; S. 4 ; P. 0. BaileyviUe ; born in East Priesland, Hanover, Germany, 1836 ; located in this county in 1856 ; married Miss Ettie Poppen, April 3, 1864 ; she was born in East Priesland, Hanover, Germany, 1842 ; they have six children — Heiko, born January 1 5, 1865 ; Sievert, Sept. 20, 1866 ; Peter, Jan. 20, 1872 ; Nanno, Feb. 24, 1874 ; Freerk, January 2, 1876 ; Harmkelina, Nov. 15,1877; he and family are mem bers of the Holland Dutch Reformed Church ; he was Deacon of this church two years in Forreston, and has been Deacon five years here ; he is School Director ; he owns 154 acres of land worth $70 per acre. Granger Hisse, P. 0. Forreston. Grill Leonard, P. 0. Forreston. GROSS SIMON, Pa-rmer ; Sec. 25 ; P. 0. Forreston ; born in Northumber land Co., Pa., 1823; married Mary Hartman in 1 864 ; she was born in same county and State in 1823 ; had five children (two deceased), living Emelia, Mary M. and Abraham S.; they are members of Dutch Reformed Church ; he has been School Director for nine years, and Street Commissioner five years; he owns 160 acres of land, near the town of Forreston, worth $12,000. HALSEY S. Sec. 29; P. 0. For reston. HACKETT CLARA, Farmer; Sec 34 ; P. O. Forreston ; born in Somerset Co., Pa., in 1826 ; was mar ried to William Hackett, in 1853 ; he wa«! bom in the town of Burbage, Lei cestershire, England, in 1816, and lo cated in Jefferson Co., Ohio, in 1844, and in this county in 1854 ; he died in 1864 ; they had six children— Thomas R., Mary J., George B., Lemuel. I., P. Ralph and Abbie H. ; Mrs. Hackett owns 360 acres of land, beautifully lo cated, and kept in a high state of culti vation under her own personal super vision ; she is making expensive im provements to her already valuable farm ; it is worth about $20,000. HALLER CHALES M. Druggist and Merchant ; Forreston Village ; born in Washington Co., Md., in 1819 ; mar ried Elizabeth Nikirk, in 1846 ; she was born in Washington Co.. Md., in 1827 ; they located in this county in 1846 ; had seven chUdren (three deceased) — Susan A., born in 1851 ; Theodore P., born in 1855 ; C. Martin and Edward FORRESTON TOWNSHIP. 725 E., twins, born in 1858 ; are membei-s of the Evangelical Lutheran Church ; he has been an Elder in that church since 1858, and Superintendent of the Lutheran Sabbath school for twenty years ; he was Justice of the Peace in Mt. Morris twenty years ago ; has been Notary Public for the last four years ; has been recommended for the ensuing term ; he taught school in the Pine Creek Township in 1853 ; he owns town residence, three lots and stock of drugs, etc., worth $2,000 ; he is an old resident of the county and success ful in business. Harigan Tim. P. 0. Forreston. Henning Gerd, Sec. 31 ; P. 0. Forreston. Herren Berrand J. S. 21 ; P. 0. Forreston. Herren Herre E. Sec. 16 ; P. 0. Forreston. Hewett J. J. P. 0. Forreston. Hewett P. J. P. 0. Forreston. Highbarger H. P. O. Forreston. Hitchcock T. E. P. O. Forreston. Hileman F. H. P. 0. Forreston. HiU John, P. 0. Forreston. HILLS GEORGE, Farmer; Sec. 25 ; P. 0. Forreston ; born in Essex Co., N. Y.; in 1830 ; married Miss Margaret Kinison, in 1852 ; she was born in Stafford, Lower Canada, Dec. . 13, 1836 ; he located in Stephenson Co., 111., in 1858, and in this county in 1874 ; they have four children — Hiram, born March 8, 1853 ; Darius, Nov. 29, 1855; Celesta, AprU 15, 1868; Na than, March 29, 1863 ; are members of the Advent Church; he is and has been School Director since 1877 ; ' owns 40 acres of land worth $2,000. Hills S. A. P. 0. Forreston. HUls T. E. P. 0. Forreston. Hiss Frederick, P. 0. Forreston. HoUenbeck, W. H. Hough Henry, P. 0. Forreston. Houpt EUas, P. 0. Forreston. Hoover Frank, P. 0. Forreston. Hoover Nelson, Sec. 31 ; P. 0. Forreston. Hunders T. P. 0. Forreston. Hunsicker M. K. P. 0. Forreston. Huyck John, Sr. P. 0. BaileyvDle. Huyck John, Jr. P. 0. BaileyvUle. TOHNSON E. P. 0. Forreston. Johnson E. W. P. 0. Forreston. Johnson James, P. 0. Forreston. Johnson John, P. 0. Forreston. TZ'AMPEN H. P. 0. Forreston. Kaney Henry, Sr. Sec. 18 ; P.O. Forreston. Kaney Henry, Jr. Sec. 18 ; P.O. Forreston. Kaney John, Sec. 18 ; P. 0. Forreston. Kaney Lewis, Sec. 18 ; P. 0. Forreston. Kendall Samuel, P. 0. Forreston. Kieth B. B. Sec. 24 ; P. 0. Forreston. Kieth Ben. L. Sec 24 ; P. O. Forreston. Kimball J. B. P. 0. Forreston. Kinny Thomas, P. 0. Forreston. Kirlin John, P. 0. Forreston. Knapp S. H. P. 0. Forreston. Knodle J. N. P. 0, Forreston. Knodle Samuel, P. 0. Forreston. Knodle W. H. P. 0. Forreston. Koho Fred, P. 0. BaUeyvUle. Kooper Ralph, P. 0. Forreston. Korf Fred, Sec. 16 ; P. 0. Forreston. Korns John, P. 0. Forreston. Kroner Ed. P. 0. Forreston. ANG JOHN, P. 0. Forreston. L^ Lampert Frank, P. 0. Forreston. Lantz D. Rev. P. 0. Forreston. Lantz John, Sec. 31 ; P. O. Forreston. Latur J. P. 0. BaUeyvUle. Leison Meno, P. 0. Forreston. Leonard G. P. P. 0. Forreston. Lightheart W. H. P. 0. BaileyvUle. Linton John, P. 0. Forreston. Long AUen, P. 0. Forreston. Ludwig Evert, Sec. 31 ; P. O. Forreston. McCLAIN SAMUEL, P. 0. For reston. McClure H. W. P. 0. Forreston. McGraw Daniel, P. 0. Forreston. Mcllhanny A. R. P. 0. Forreston. McLain, J. H. P. 0. Forreston. Mackey John, P. 0. Forreston. Majer Sam'l, P. 0. Forreston. Mann David, P. 0. Forreston. Matier John ; Sec 21 ; P. 0. BaUeyvUle Medberry A. L.; S. 141; P. 0. Forreston. MEDBERRY NATHAN D. C. Farmer; Sec. 14; P. 0. Forreston ; born in Otsego Co., N. Y., April 5, 1815 ; married Mary Campbell, January 3, 1841 ; she was born in Ontario Co., N. Y., May 9, 1817 ; located in this county in 1864; have two chUdren — Albert G. born Nov. 28, 1842 ; Laura B., Dec 17, 1843 ; he has been School Director for the last nine years, and Commissioner of Highways three years ; he owns 80 acres of land, worth $5,000. 726 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY : Menick Charles, P. 0. Forreston. Mensch Jerry, P. 0. Forreston. Metsger Adam, P. 0. Forreston. Metsger George, P. 0. Forreston. Metzger J. L. P. 0. Forreston. Meyers Jonathan, P. 0. Forreston. Meyers J. M. P. 0. Forreston. Meyers John ; Sec. 32 ; P. 0. Forreston. Meyers Nathaniel ; P. 0. Forreston. MEYERS PETER S. Parmer; Sec. 31 ; P. 0. Forreston ; born in Dauphin County, Penn., 1832 ; married Sarah Adams, 1857 ; she was born in Nor thumberland Co., Pa., 1830 ; had three children— Wm. R.,born Dec 11,1857; Louis J., March 22, 1859 ; Alfred A., March 6, 1860 ; Mrs. Meyers died in 1871 ; he married Melinda Hoffa in 1872 ; she was born in Northumberland Co., Penn., 1848; have four children by second marriage — Sarah A., born Nov. 24, 1872; Wm. H., May 29, 1874; Hannah M., Aug. 22, 1875 ; Martin A. Dec. 29, 1876 ; are members of Re formed Church ; he has been a member of Masonic Order for fourteen years; was Commissioner of Highways three years, and Treasurer two years ; he owns 320 acres of land, worth $20,000; he enlisted in 15th IU. Infantry Feb., 1863, then in Raleigh, where he joined it; was 4th Corporal in Co. P ; took part in the grand review at Washington, and in the march over the plains to the Smoky Mountains, and in the parches and coun termarches of his regiment, until mus tered out with it at Port Leavenworth, Kan., Sept 1, 1865. MYERS ABRAM, Teacher; For reston; bom in Hagerstown, Washing ton Co., Maryland, Oct 16, 1846 ; mar ried Miss Sarah EUen Gibbs, 1873; she was born in Franklin Co., Md., June 20, 1852 ; have two chUdren — Sarah Jane, born Nov. 24, 1874; John Claude, Nov. 12, 1876 ; they are members of the Lutheran Church ; Mr. Myers has been teaching eleven years in this coun ty ; he enlisted Dec. 12, 1863, in the 4th 111. Cavalry, and served in all engage ments with his regiment until Aug. 31, 1865, when he was mustered out ; his health was materially impaired during his service, and has never fully recov ered. Myers Rhineheart, P. 0. Forreston. Middlekauff A. P. 0. Forreston. Middlekauff B. H. P. 0. Forreston. Middlekauff J. G. P. 0. Forreston. MiUer H. B. P. 0. Forreston. Miller John, P. 0. Forreston. MUler W. H. H. P. 0. Forreston. MitcheU Jacob, P. 0. Forreston. Mitchell Sam, P. 0. Forreston. MITCHELL W. H. Teacher, For reston Tp.; P. O. Forreston. Mooney Thomas, P. (.'. Forreston. Morring Fred. Sr. Section 13 ; P. 0. Flor ence. Morring Fred. Jr. S. 18; P. 0. Florence. Moyer J. S. P. 0. Forreston. Muhring John, P. O. Forreston. Mullen E. M. P. 0. Forreston. MuUen Daniel, P. 0. Forreston. Mullen P. R. P. 0. Poireston. ¦X-TELAND BURNARD. Newton W. S. P. 0. Forreston. NICODEMUS JACOB A. Re tired Farmer ; P. 0. Forreston ; bom in Bedford Co., Pa., in 1819 ; he mar ried Miss Margaret Pouse in 1842 ; she was born in Huntington Co., Pa., in 1822 ; he located in this county in Oct., 1867 ; they had thirteen chUdren tvvo of whom are deceased ; those living are Westiey P., born AprU 26, 1846 ; Susanna P., Dec 25, 1847; Reuben P., May 16, 1850 ; Mary Agnes, June 14, 1852; Frederick P., Sept 1, 1854; Theobald P., May 12, 1856 ; Esther F., AprU 24, 1858 ; WiUiam P., Feb. 27, 1860; Jacob P., Feb. 6, 1862; Catherine P., Feb. 26, 1864; Margaret E. P., June 22, 1866 ; they are members of the Reformed Church ; he has been School Director in Pa. several years, and four years in this county ; and has been Elder ten years in Pa., and ten years in this county ; he has been a member of this church for thirty-three consecutive years ; it is a remarkable face that Mr. Nicodemus' last nine chil dren are born with an interval (of un usual regularity) of two years between the date of their birth ; Mrs. N. is a hale, healthy, fresh looking matron, look ing not more than forty, although fifty- six years of age. /~\MELIA A. P. 0. Forreston. Oppenheimer M. P. 0. Forreston. FORRESTON TOWNSHIP. 727 P AINCE C. W. P. 0. BaUeyvUle. Paince Eugene, P. 0. Baileyville. Pen-y C. H. P. 0. Forreston. Petrie Freedlina, P. 0. Forreston. Petrie Jonas Jr. P. 0. Forreston. PhUhrick M. H. P. O. Pon-eston. Pierce James, P. 0. Forreston. Pomaner Aultman, P. 0. Forreston. Pool S. E. P. 0. Forreston. Pool Thomas, P. 0. Forreston. Potter S. W. P. 0. Forreston. Potter J. W. P. 0. Forreston. Prentice Arthur. Prichard M. N. P. 0. Forreston. Pyfer Godfrey, P. 0. Forreston. Pyfer J. P. O. Forreston. EADERMAKER E. Sec 30 ; P. 0. Forreston. Rank A. M. P. 0. Forreston. Reigord Jacob, Sec. 6 ; P. 0. Florence. Eeinder John, P. 0. Forreston. Eeints W. M. Sec. 18; P. 0. Forreston. Reipord Jocob, not known. Reynolds Chas. P. 0. Forreston. Reynolds D. H. P. 0. Forreston. Eeynolds Edwin, P. 0. Forreston. Reynolds Thomas, P. 0. Forreston. RILEY EDWIN H. Clerk in I. C. and C. & I. R. R. Co. Office, Forres ton ; born in Boston, Mass., in 1828 ; man-ied Hattie M. B^rry in 1863 ; she was born in Shefford Co., Canada, in 1842 ; they have two chUdren — Ger trude Laura, born Jan. 27, 1867 ; Jesse Avis, June 25, 1876. He located in Herkuner Co., N. Y., in 1840 ; in To ledo, Ohio, in 1855, and in this county in 1857. He enlisted as musician in the 15th IlUnois Infantry, May 24, 1861 ; discharged at Pittsburg Landing by special order of the War Depart ment, mustering out regimental bands on AprU 18, 1862 ; re-enlisted in the same regiment March 2, 1865 ; dis charged by special order of the War Department March 16, 1865, and com missioned Ist Lieutenant Co. P, 15th Illinois Infantry ; he was appointed on the staff of Gen. Stolbrand, June 10, and served in that position until the dissolution of the command ; he was mustered out with his regiment at Springfield, 111., Sept. 30, 1865 ; he com manded a company at the grand review in Washington at the close of the war. Rice Gersham, P. 0. Baileyville. Robins W. H. P. 0. Forreston. Rowland Elias, P. 0. Forreston. ROWLAND LEWIS F. Parmer and Teacher of No. 3 School ; P. 0. Forreston ; born in this county in 1852 ; married Miss C. Zoller in 1872; she was born in Monroe Co., N. l"". ; have one chUd living — Amos (one deceased). Mr. Rowland has been teaching for the last seven years ; his father, Andrew Rowland, located in this county about 1842, and his grandfather in 1836 ; he is farming 160 acres of land, owned by his father, iu Sec. 17. Rupert John, P. 0. Forreston. Ryan James, Sec 18 ; P. 0. Forreston. Ryan Michael, Sec. 18 ; P. 0. Forreston. C^ALTER JACOB, P. O. Forreston. Samis 0. P. P. 0. Forreston. Saltzman M. V. P. 0. Forreston. Schaub J. A. Sec 23 ; P. 0. Forreston. Schlecter T. E. Schoch W. H. P. 0. Forreston. Scons' Allen, P. 0. Forreston. Shady George, P. 0. Forreston. Shady John, P. Q. Forreston. Shaffner Eli, P. 0. Forreston. Shannon John, P. 0. Forreston. Sheldon M. V. P. 0. Forreston. Shipman James, Sec. 32 ; P. 0. Forreston. Shirk Joseph, Sec. 1 1 ; P. 0. Florence. Shirk M. N. Sec 11 ; P. 0. Shannon. Shryrock B. K. P. 0. Forreston. Shultz R. C. P. 0. Forreston. Skinner John, P. 0. Forreston. Smith George, P. 0. Forreston. Smith J. P. 0. Forreston. Smith J. A. P. 0. Forreston. Smith PhUip, P. 0. Forreston. Snovely Christian, Sec. 15 ; P. 0. Florence. Stably A. P. 0. Forreston. Stahly Frederick, P. 0. Forreston. Stanley Hugh. Stephens Otto, P. 0. Forreston. Sterline Conrad, P. 0. Shannon. Stoner Daniel, P. 0. Forreston. Stoner Samuel, P. 0. Forreston. Stoney J. P. 0. Forreston. Stover M. D. P. 0. Forreston. Swank J. P. 0. Forreston. Swank Michael, Sec. 23 ; P. 0. Forreston. Swett Benjamin, P. 0. Forreston. Swett Joshua, P. 0. Forreston. Swett W. W. P. 0. Forreston. 43 728 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY. T HOMAS S. E. P. 0. Forreston. P. Florence. Florence. Forreston. Thompson J. E. P. 0. BaUeyvUle. Thompson Nelson, P. 0. BaileyvUle. Tibbals" W. H. P.O. Baileyville. Turney Pat. P. 0. Forreston. Taner Lawrence, P. 0. Forreston. YAUDEST ADOLPH, Sec. 12 0. Florence. Vaudest John, Sec. 12 ; P. 0. Vaudest William, S. 12 ; P. 0 Veitmier Fred. Sec. 18 ; P. 0 Vogle Joseph, P. 0. Forreston. Voglegesung I. G. P. 0. Forreston. Vosberg Minert, P. 0. Forreston. "TTT ALKER GEORGE, P. 0. Forres- WUhelm Stouffer, Sec. 6 ; P. 0. Florence. Williams Sec. 1 ; P. 0. Florence. WINSTON THOMAS, Physician and Surgeon ; Forreston ; born in Wales 1829 ; located in Albany, N. Y., 1832 with his parents ; moved to Ohio, Lick ing Co., 1839, and to Wisconsin 1846 ; Moline, 111., 1848, and^to this county in 1849 ; he married Miss Carrie E. Mum- ford 1861 ; she was born in Wayne Co., Pa.; 1836 ; have six children — Edward M., born Sept. 21, 1862 ; Thomas Win- field, July 15, 1865; Ambrose P., Oct 5, 1867 ; Mary P., August 7, 1869 ; Eugene, Deb. 20, 1871; Charles S., Sept 18, 1876 ; Mr. Winston has been practicing medicine since 1858 ; is a graduate of Rush Med. Coll. ; he entered the U. S. Service aa Assistant Sugeon of 92dRegt. IU. Inf.; resigned August, 1864 ; entered as Surgeon of 149th Regt IU. Inf. Feb. 1865, and was mustered out Jan. 26. 1866 ; he was breveted Lieut. Col. in 1864. WINDERS MISS KITTY F. Teacher; School No. 7 ; was born in this county Sept. 19, 1855; her parents located in this county from the State of Maryland at an early day ; she was edu cated in Mount Morris, and has been teaching since 1875; Miss Winders has selected her profession with good judg ment, being possessed of that indescrib able magic influence which commands obedience from her pupils and respect from all with whom she comes in con tact. WRIGHT J. LAWSON, Princi pal of the Forreston School ; born in Union Co., Pa., 1837, he located in Stevenson Co., IU., 1838, and in this county in 1873 ; he married Miss Rose Clarridge in 1870 ; she was born in Madison Co., Ohio ; he is a graduate of the State Normal University ; he com menced teaching in 1861, in Stephenson County ; he was Principal of the school in Adaline three years, and in Forreston since 1876 ; Mr. Wright is a man of commanding appearance, of fine schol arly attainments, with a desirable faculty of imparting his ideas to others. Wubbnau Albert ; Sec. 36 ; P. 0. For reston. "VTORDY A.; Sec. 15; P. 0. Florence. YORDY BENJAMIN, Farmer; Sec. 10 ; P. 0. Shannon ; born in Lan caster Co., Pa., 1821 ; married Miss Susan Conrad in 1844, she was born in Lancaster Co., Pa., 1821; have three chU dren (one deceased) ; living — Daniel, horn August 14, 1847 ; Mary A., Aug. 29, 1854 ; John C, Feb. 3, 1860 ; are members of German Reformed Chureh ; owns 400 acres of land, worth $25,000. YORDY CHRISTIAN, Parmer; Sec. 15 ; P. 0. Florence ; born in Lan caster County, Pa., 1811 ; married Miss Susan Sander in 1836; she was bom in Lancaster Co., Pa., 1818 ; located in Stephenson Co., III., 1855, and in this county in 1859 ; had fourteen children (five deceased) ; living — Su- sana, born Jan. 27, 1838 ; John, AprU 1, 1840; Christian, AprU 22, 1843; Eliza A., August 15, 1845 ; Barbara A., May 6, 1849 ; Amos, AprU 2, 1851 ; Jacob and Henry (twins) August 20, 1853 ; Abbie A., May 25, 1860 ; they are members of Evangelical Church ; he owns 161 acres of land, worth $10,000; John enlisted in the 26th I. V. I.; and Christian in the 93d I. V. I.; and served during the war with their respective regiments, taking part in all engage ments with them, until mustered out. Yordy Daniel ; Sec. 10 ; P. 0. Florence. rVOLLINGER JOHN, P. 0. Forreston. DEMENT TOWNSHIP. 729 DEMENT TOWNSHIP. \ LLEN FRED. P. 0. Creston. ADAMS CHARLES EARL, General Store and Postmaster ; Creston. Born in Washington Co., N. Y., Oct. 29, 1840 ; came to Ogle County in 1862, and engaged in clerking for W. P. Bump at Rochelle, also for M. D. Hathaway ; in 1865 Mr. A. came to Creston and engaged in present business ; in June, 1865, Mr. A. married Jennie M. Pulton ; she was born in Rockford, IU., Oct. 18, 1845 ; died Jan. 1, 1877, and buried at Creston, 111. They have three children — Emma L., bom in Bat tle Creek, Mich. ; Robert P., Creston, III; Katy L., Creston, IU. Mr. A. was appointed Postmaster 'at Creston in 1871, and is at present in the same office in connection with his business. Allbee Samuel, farmer, Sec. 28 ; P. 0. Creston. Allen Geo. W. carpenter ; Creston. ALLEN GEORGE W. Justice of the Peace ; Creston ; born June 14, 1825, in Bombay, Franklin Co., N. Y.; came to Ogle County in 1845, and en gaged in teaching school and farming up to 1 853, when Mr. A. moved to Winne bago County; in 1860, Mr. A. came back to Ogle, and went into the black smith and carpenter business, and worked at that for several years ; married Oct. 9, 1851, Kathrine Hamlin; she was born in Canada, Dec. 10, 1826. Their chil dren are — James A., born July 19, 1852; G. P., Sept 22, 1857; Cora M., Aug. 5, 1862 ; Hattie A., Oct 1, 1866 ; owns his homestead and four acres of land adjoining the town of Creston ; is a Republican ; has held several offices, and is at present on his second term as Justice of the Peace. Hiram R. Enoch, of Rockford, editor Rockford Journal, was one of Mr. Allen's pupils. AUen James, carpenter ; Creston. ANDERSON ERIK, Farmer, Sec 15 ; P. O. Creston ; born in Stavanger, Norway, .Dec. 24, 1848 ; came to Ogle County in 1871, and engaged in farm ing ; owns 40 acres of land ; married AprU, 1869, Rachel Johnson ; she was born in same place in 1847. They have three chUdren — Hank, born July, 1871 ; Johnny, April, 1874 ; John Cicerius, Aug. 27, 1876 ; belong to the Lutheran Church, and in poUtics is Republican. Ash John, laborer ; Creston. Aske Nelson, farmer ; P. 0. Creston. AUMER GEO. H. Physician and Surgeon ; Creston ; bom in De Kalb Co., IU. Jan. 3, 1850 ; commenced studying medicine in 1865, and .con tinued it up to 1868, then entered Rush Medical College for three terms, and graduated in 1870, when he located in Creston, and has been a resident ever since ; married Hattie Smith ; she was born in Creston ; they have had three children (two living and one dead) — Grace A., born at Creston; Mestie A., at Creston ; George, June 26, 1873 ; died Oct 30, 1873. Mr. and Mrs. A. are members of the Methodist Church ; since Dr. Aurner has resided in Creston, there have been several physicians lo cated here, but had all to give up, as Dr. Aumer has the largest practice of any physician in Ogle County. BALLARD NELSON, farmer ; P. 0. Creston. Ballard William, farmer ; Sec. 2 ; Creston. Banning Benj. E. farmer; P. 0. Creston. BARNUM MRS.ELIZABETH M. residence, southeast corner Main and South streets, Creston ; she was born Nov. 27, 1815, in Rush, Northumber land Co., Penn.; daughter of Ralph and Mary Ann Housewert Mettler, who came to Illinois, near Rockford, in 1840 ; her father died in 1841 ; her mother died May 27, 1876, in Creston, aged 80 years ; Mrs. Barnum first married Huron Lewis in New Y'^ork ; came to Kendall Co., 111., in 1842 ; Mr. Lewis died there in 1850 ; they had six children — Louisa Ann, now Mrs. Albert Lewis; Wilmot Young, dead ; Sarah Elizabeth, now Mrs. Lewis W. Young ; Laura Edna, dead ; Henry W. and Baton H., who died South in the late war; re-married Nov. 19, 1855, in New MUford, Winnebago Co., to An son Barnum, who was born in Danbury, Conn., March 6, 1807, settling in Rook- 730 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY : ford in 1836 ; was one of the first set tlers there ; was County Clerk from 1838 to 1840 ; Sheriff from 1844 to 1846 ; came to Creston in the Pall of 1855; opened the first store here; was Town Assessor and Justice of the Peace several years, and Assistant United States Revenue Assessor; was elected County Judge in 1869 ; died'in Oregon Sept. 5, 1873 ; they had one chUd — Charles H. Barnum, horn in Creston March 21, 1857, who is now attending the Northwestern University at Evans ton, 111. Judge Barnum took a lively interest in the material prosperity of the town, and did much toward building up the large trade it enjoyed. Benjamin F. C. C. retired farmer; P. O. Creston. Bennett Warren, clerk ; Creston. Benson Robert P. farmer ; Sec. 2 ; P. 0. Creston. Berry Robert, laborer ; P. 0. Creston. BERVE NELSE N. Farmer ; Sec. 25 ; Creston ; born in Stiftanberger, Norway, Jan. 3, 1826 ; came to Ogle Co. in 1868 ; owns 160 acres of land, all cultivated ; married Helen Mellen June 17, 1851 ; she was born in Stiftan berger, Norway, April 10, 1827 ; they have eight children — Nelse, born Feb. 2, 1852 ; Martha, March 6, 1854 ; Hol den W., May 17, 1856 ; Tillie, March 5, 1858; Henry, March 5, 1861 ; Annes, Dec 27, 1864; Louis, Oct 13, 1867; Nicholas, Dec. 12, 1870. Mr. and Mrs. Berve are members of the Lutheran Church; in politics,Mr.B. is a Republican. BEWLEY CYRUS J. Furniture and Cabinet Maker ; Creston ; born in Elmira, Chemung Co., N. Y., Jan 11, 1844 ; came lo Ogle Co. in 1855 ; mar ried Agnes Rukey Dec 29, 1871 ; she was born in Scottsburg, N. Y., May 30, 1845 ; they have one chUd — Asa Al bert, born in Chicago Aug. 11, 1874; they are members of the Congregational Church ; Republican ; Mr. Bewley's father, James A., was a member of Co. G, Fifty-eighth Regiment Illinois Vol unteers, and kUled in the battle of Shi loh ; Mr. B. has been engaged in pres ent business for 27 years ; has a large and first-class stock of furniture always on hand ; prices the lowest. Bjelland John, Creston. Blockmere Geo. W. coal and hay dealer ' Creston. Boyle Alex. H. farmer ; P. 0. Rochelle. Boyle David, farm.; S. 31 ; P. 0. Rochelle. Boyle James A. farmer ; Sec. 32 ; P. 0. Creston. Boyle John W. farmer ; P. 0. Rochelle. Boyle James, farm.; S. 32 ; P. 0. Rochelle. Boyle James Jr. farmer; P. 0. Rochelle. BOYLE ROSS, Farmer ; Sec 28 ; P. 0. Rochelle ; born March 15, 1825, in Allegheny City, Pa. ; came to Ogle Co. in 1859, and engaged in farming, and has been ever since ; owns 356 acres of land, 260 of which is cultivated ; married March 23, 1847, Margaret Garvin ; she was born in Butler City, Cranberry Township, Pa., Jan. 1, 1827 ; have six children living and one dead — Martha Jane, James A., D. R., John Calvin (deceased, born in 1858, and died in 1859); Willie H., MUton J., Warren ; Mr. B. has made several trips to California and Montana; has held the offices of Justice of the Peace and Commissioner of Highways in this county. Brewen Patrick, farmer; Sec. 10; P.O. Creston. BROWN GEORGE, Farmer; Sec 26 ; P. 0. Creston ; born in Tyrone, Ireland, July 14, 1851 ; came to Ogle Co. 'in 1854; owns 160 acres of land, all in cultivation; married Dec 11, 1873, Rhoda Jane Somers; she was born in Bowman vUle, Durham Co., Canada, Sept. 5, 1853 ; they have one child — Robert James, horn May 12, 1875 ; Mr. and Mrs. B. are members of M. E. Church ; in politics Mr. B. is a Republican; Mr. B.'s father, David Brown, was born in same place in 1806. BROWN THOMAS, Farmer; Sec. 24 ; P. 0, Creston ; bom in Devonshire Co., England, May 20, 1824 ; came to Ogle Co. in 1854, and engaged in farm ing; has 160 acres of land in Ogle, and one-fourth section in DeKalb ; all in cultivation, and has some of the finest cattle in Ogle Co.; married June 13, 1855, at Belvidere, 01., to Jane Brown; she was born May 13, 1833, at Devon shire Co., England ; they belong to the Episcopal Church ; he is a Republican in politics ; Mr. B. has held offices of Road Commissioner and School Trustee. DEMENT TOWNSHIP. 731 BROWN THOMAS C. Farmer; Sec 26 ; P. 0. Creston ; came to Ogle Co. in 1854, and engaged in farming ; and has been ever since ; owns 80 acres of land, all cultivated ; married April 30, 1874, Emma Dutton ; she was born in Sycamore, IU., July 23, 1852; they have two children — Edward L., Edith May ; Mr. and Mrs. B. are members of the Congregational Church ; Mr. B. is a Republican ; has held office of School Director for Dement Township. Brundage Z. P. farmer ; Sec, 20 ; P. 0. Creston. Buss Henry, canvasser ; Creston. CADY D. H. farmer; Sec. 33; P. 0. Rochelle. Cady Edward, farm.; S.33; P.O. Rochelle. Campball Prank, R. R. employe ; Creston. Campbell Joseph, R. R. Station Agent ; Creston. Cawley Edward, farm. ; Sec. 21 ; P 0. Rochelle. Cawley Micheal, farmer ; See. 21 ; P. 0. Rochelle. Christopher Isaac, laborer ; Creston. Cleveland H. C. farmer ; Creston. Cobb J. B. merchant ; Creston. Cole Joseph, carpenter; Creston. Coon John, farm. ; Sec. 1 ; P. 0. Creston. Corey Aaron, laborer ; Creston. Cort J. T. farmer ; P. O. Creston. COUNTRYMAN NORMAN, Farmer and dairyman ; part owner ofthe Countryman Creamery Butter and Cheese Factory ; Sec 3 ; P. 0. Creston ; was born March 30, 1 831,in Stark,Herki- mer Co., N. Y. ; son of John I. Country man and Nancy Failing Countryman ; mother still living in Stark ; father died in Danube, N. Y., May 10, 1866, aged 64 years ; Norman was married Dec. 21, 1854, in Danube, to Miss Libbie Wagner; born Sept. 15, 1833, in Danube, Herkimer Co., N. Y. ; daughter of Felix and Leah Pickard Wagner ; her mother died in Danube, Oct. 18, 1875, (was found dead in bed that morn ing), aged 71 years ; father stiU lives there ; Norman has three children — Payette N., born Nov. 20, 1859 ; Lin coln A., April 12, 1865, and Luettie, Sept. 25, 1871 ; Payette was born in Danube, the other two here ; came to this place March 14, 1861 ; has 240 acres of land, valued at $12,000 ; inde pendent in religion ; in politics. Rep. ; Road Commissioner two terms ; is one of eight brothers ; all living ; two in N. v., five here, and the youngest, Isaac Byron, aged 32, merchant in Dixon, IU. Norman and brothers, Harvey, Alvin and John E., married four sisters ; the first three living on adjoining farms, and John E. less than four mUes away, and all have good, pleasant homes. Crawford Thomas, Creston. DAILEY FRANK E. farm. P. 0. Creston. Dailey Prank W. farm. ; Sec. 2 ; P. 0. Creston. Dailey James, farm. ; S. 2 ; P. 0. Creston. Deeds Darius, laborer ; Creston. Dimon Asa, agricultural implement dealer ; Creston. Dmion Daniel, wagon maker ; Creston. Donichy Isaac, telegraph operator ; Creston. Drake Oliver, merchant ; Creston. Dunn Martin, druggist ; Creston. EDRINGTON, DAVID E. merchant ; Creston. EMMICH CHARLES, Foundry and Blacksmith ; Creston ; born in Jeffer son Co., N. Y., May 20, 1 852 ; at 20 years of age, was apprenticed to George Heyler for three years ; with whom he learned the trade ; in 1876, Mr. Emrich came to Creston, and went into the foundry and blacksmithing, and has one of the best shops west of Chicago ; Mr. Emrich belongs to the Lutheran Church, and in politics. Independent. Ensign Horace, farmer ; Sec. 33 ; P. 0. Rochelle. FARLAND EVAN, farmer ; Sec 10; P. 0. Creston. Farnham John, farmer ; Sec 28 ; P. 0. Rochelle. Fay Joseph W. farmer ; Sec 33 ; P. 0. Rochelle. Ferguson James, farmer ; P. 0. Creston. Ferguson John, farmer ; Sec. 16 ; P. 0. Creston. FERGUSON ROBERT,Parmer ; Sec. 21 ; P. 0. Creston ; born in Kerk- cudbright, Scotland, March 9, 1820 ; in 1838 Mr. F. came to Ogle Co.; in 1850 commenced farming, and has been ever since ; owns 280 acres of land, all under cultivation ; married Jane Mulli gan, July 16, 1847 ; she was born in same place July 16, 1818 ; they have 732 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY: five children living — Ann F.,born Sept. 27,1848; John, July 12,1851; James, Nov. 26, 1852 ; Jane Rusk, March 10, 1855, and Robert; June 8, 1857 ; are Presbyterians ; in politics Mr. P. is a Democrat. Fogle John, farm.; Sec. 4 ; P. 0. Creston. FOGELMAN H. A. Hotel and Liv ery; P. 0. Creston ; born in Lycoming Co., Pa., May 29, 1846 ; joined the U. S. Army at Williamsport, Pa., under Capt. Knight, as substitute ; remained for three ' months, when he was dis charged ; came to Ogle Co., in 1867 and engaged in farming up to 1873 ; April 14, 1870, married Bessie Smith, daughter of Thomas Smith, one of the oldest settlers in Ogle Co.; they have two children — Emma F. and Bertha P.; Mrs. F. was born May 18,1849, in this county. FOSS;CRIST. C. Farmer; Sec 36; P. 0. Creston ; born in Urendall, Norway, April, 1825 ; came to Ogle Co.,inl868, and engaged in farming ; owns 80 acres of land ; married Maleander Johnson in 1859 ; she was born Blarch, 1815; they have four chUdren living — Rebecca Ma leander, born Jan. 8, 1862 ; John Cor nelius, Nov. 29, 1864 ; Martha, May 14, 1868 ; Cliariey, Feb. 13, '76 ; both are members of the Latheran Church ; in politics Mr. P. is a Republican. FOWLER DAVID, Merchant TaUor ; Creston ; born in Edinburg, Scotland, March 14, 1833 ; came to Creston, Ogle Co., in 1866, and engaged in Merchant Tailoring ;¦ married Marga ret Thompson ; she was' born in Kerk- cudbright, Scotland, in town of Cross Michael ; she died Dec. 22, 1875 ; they had two children — James R. P., born AprU 26, 1870; Thomas W., Jan. 26, 1873 ; Mr. F. belongs to the Presbyte rian faith, and in polities is a strong Democrat ; he owns several lots in Cres ton, and his place of business ; since Mr. Fowler landed in America he has made five trips across the ocean, and also traveled over nearly every State in the Union ; has held offices of Village Trus tee and Clerk of the Board. FROST JOEL, Farmer; Sec 22 ; P. 0. Creston ; born in Westchester Co., N. Y., August 21, 1803 ; came to Ogle Co., AprU 11, 1857; engaged in farm ing ; owns 160 acres of land, under culti vation ; married Jane Yeamans August 20, 1823 ; she was born in Putnam Co., N. Y., Aug. 20, 1804; have six chU dren — Theodore Y., Therum, John W., Cicero H., Cordelia, Martha A.; are of Presbyterian faith; Mr. Frost is a strong Democrat. Frost John W. farmer ; Sec 22; P.O. Creston. GIBSON CHANCEY W. farmer; P. 0. Creston. GAMMON CAPT. JOHN G. Retired Farmer ; P. 0. Creston ; born in Bristol, Eng., July 7, 1840 ; came to America in 1852 ; in 1855, Capt G. came to DeKalb Co., and engaged in farming; own 160 acres of land, all cultivated ; came to Creston, Ogle Co., in 1874 ; Capt. G. married Jane Ben nett ; she was born in Gowd, Eng., AprU 26, 1843; they have three chU dren — Frank Albert, born July 13, 1867 ; Henry Bennett, Jan. 1, 1869 ; Jessie Agnes, Sept 21, 1870 ; Mr. and Mrs. G. are members of the Congrega tional Church ; Republican ; Capt G. enlisted in Co. L, 15th L V. C; at Ottawa, 111. ; served three years, and was mustered out, as Corporal, at Alma, Ark. ; after being mustered out, Capt. G. enlisted with Co. G, 4th U. S. Vet. Vol. ; was mustered out one year after enlistment, at Todd Barracks, Columbus, Ohio ; Capt G. is Captain of Home Guards at Creston ; numbers forty-four members; in Feb. 1876, was appointed First Lieut., and Aug. 27, 1877, was promoted to Captain of 3d Regt. 111. Nat. Guards (formerly Home Guards), which position he still holds. Gibson E. M. telegraph operator ; Creston. Gilbert P. H. farm. ; S. 13 ; P. 0. Creston. Gink John, Jr. railroad employe ; Creston. Gosch Fred, farmer; S. 9 ; P. 0. Creston. Gossell John, saloon keeper ; Creston. GOVIG JOHN J. Farmer; Sec 35 ; P. 0. Creston ; born in Stavanger, Norway, Jan. 24, 1834 ; came to Ogle Co. in 1867; owns 80 acres of land; married Belinda Oleson ; she was born in Stavanger, Norway, Feb. 27, 1835 ; they have three chUdren living — Martha, born Jan. 21, 1868; Oliver, Jan. 8, 1S74 ; Belin-Ja, March 25, 1876 ; are members of the Lutheran Church ; Re- DEMENT TOWNSHIP. 733 publican ; Mr. G. was appointed School Director in AprU 1875, and stiU holds the position. GOVIG PETER J. Farmer ; Sec. 35 ; P. 0. Creston ; born Stavanger, Norway, Jan. 4, 1833 ; in 1859, Mr G. went to California, and engaged in min ing ; in 1860, Mr. Govig started from Diamond Spring, Cal., and went, on foot, to Grego, Cal., walking the distance in fifty-two days ; after mining in Idaho and Montana, in 1868, Mr. G. came to Ogle Co., with 75 flbs. of gold dust, and bought land ; in latter part of 1869, he made a trip to Norway, and brought over about thirty families of Norwe gians, and paid all their fares ; Mr. G. owns 1,100 acres of land, all under cul tivation, and large stock farm ; married, Sept. 19, 1868, Bertina Aske ; she was born in Stavanger, Norway, May 15, 1850 ; they have four children living and one dead — John, born Sept. 10, 1869; L. C, Sept 10, 1871; Peter, Oct 11, 1873, died Sept 30, 1874; Johanna Marie, Aug. 1, 1875 ; Peter J., Nov. 8. 1877 ; is a Republican in polilics. Guest Thomas, farm.; S. 5 ; P. 0. Creston. HALL MICHAEL K. farmer ; P. 0. Creston. Harmon Rosin, farm.; S. 22; P.O. Creston. HERBERT THOMAS, Farmer ; Sec 19; P. 0. Rochelle; born in Sligo, Ireland, in 1827 ; came to Canada in 1838, and engaged in farm ing up to 1868, when Mr. H. came to Ogle Co.; and has been farming ever since ; Mr. H. owns 120 acres of land ; all in cultivation ; married Bridget Halty ; she was born in Sligo, Ireland, in 1834; they have eight children — Katy, Patrick, Willie, Anna, Thomas, Minnie, James and Michael ; are Roman Catholics by religion. HUI James H. farmer ; Seo. 33 ; P. 0. Creston. HILL PETER O. Parmer ; Sec. 35; P. 0. Creston ; born in Stavanger, Nor way, Feb. 28, 1835 ; came to Ogle Co. in 1866, and engaged in farming ; owns 240 acres of land, all cultivated ; mar ried Feb. 5, 1867, Osa Esper ; she was born in Bergen, Norway, Deo. 17, 1842; they have seven children living — Ola Lincoln, born Oct 28, 1867; Osea C, Dec 25, 1869 ; Josephine Caroline, Sept. 29, 1870 ; Peter Osias, AprU 10, 1871; Cary Olema, Jan. 21, 1873; Eman Melinda, Jan. 3, 1875 ; Charles Olenis, Sept. 31, 1877 ; are members of the Luthern Church ; Republican ; Mr. Hill was a member of the 4th III. Cavalry, and remained in service for three years, after which he was trans fered to the Gunboat Cavalry, and re mained for eleven months ; was engaged in the gunboat encounter, at Memphis, and at Fort Pillow. Hiscock George, farmer ; Sec. 14 ; P. 0. Creston. Horton C. B. laborer ; Creston. HuU Chas. E. farmer; Sec 15; P. 0. Creston. Hyle William H. laborer ; Creston. YNGLAND JOSEPH, laborer; Creston. JOHNS CHAS. M. farmer; P. 0. Rochelle. Johnson George, P. 0. Creston. 'TZ'NAPP, CHAS. J. laborer; Creston. Kennedy Patrick, farmer ; Sec. 16 ; P. 0. Rochelle. KNAPP B. Police Magistrate ; Cres ton ; born in Danbury, Conn., Fairfield Co., Jan. 2, 1822 ; came to Ogle Co. in 1854, and engaged in farming 1862 ; Mr. K. went to Rockford, 111., and en gaged in the lumber business up to 1864, then came back to Ogle Co.; Mr. K. has been married twice ; his first wife was Ruth A. Roberts ; she died in Dec, 1847 ; Mr. K. was then married, Sept., 1848, to Malvina A. Reed ; she was born in Brookfield, Conn., June 2, 1822 ; Mr. K. has held office of Justice of the Peace — being first .Justice elected in Dement Township — has been Super visor, Treasurer of School Fund, and is the present Police Magistrate, and has been for last eight years. KOERFER WILLIAM, Pro prietor of the Creston House ; a good barn attached; he was bom AprU 3, 1827, in Westerhausen, Creis Siegborg, Coeln (Cologne), Province of the Rhine, Prus sia; is the son of WiUiam Koerfer; came to the United States in May, 1855 ; settled at Brodie's Grove and engaged in farming for six years ; came to Cres ton in the Fall of 1861 ; was married 734 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY : in Germany December, 1854, to Miss Gertrude Kramer, who died Aug. 15, 1865 ; they had six children — Phoebe, born Nov. 14, 1855 ; Lizzie, Jan. 19, 1857 ; WiUiam, July 25, 1858 ; Joseph, Sept 6, 1859 ; John, Jan. 25, 1861 ; Mary, AprU 16, 1862, died Oct. 6, 1870 ; religion. Catholic ; politics. Democrat. LIND ANDREW, farmer; Sec 25; P. 0. Creston. LAKER JAMES M. Farmer ; Sec. 14 ; Creston ; was born in West Grinsey, Sussex Co., England, Dec 21, 1804; came to Ogle Co. in 1845 ; owns 240 acres improved land ; married in 1825 to Sarah Elmar ; she was born in same county; died in 1867 and was buried at Brodie's Grove ; Oct. 29, 1869, Mr. L. married Mary Thomas ; she was born in Ireland, county of Westmay, June 18, 1858 ; they have two children — George, Thomas L., born Dec 14, 1871 ; Eldora, born March 21, 1876; Mr. and Mrs. Laker are members of the Episcopal Church ; Mr. L. is a strong Democrat of the old class. LAMB ALFRED J. Parmer ; Sec. 16 ; Creston ; was born in Paisley, Scot land, March 22, 1850 ; came to Ogle Co. in 1872, and engaged in farming; owns 80 acres of land, all cultivated ; married in March, 1873, to Jane Fer guson; she was born March 16, 1845; they have one child — Sarah Bar, born Oct, 1875 ; Mr. and Mrs. L. are mem bers of the Presbyterian Church ; poli tics, Democrat. LEWIS ALBERT, Farmer ; Cres ton ; was born in Townsend, Mass., May 1, 1824 ; in 1852, Mr. L. became a part ner in the firm of Giles, Lewis & Co., stair manufacturers, etc, and remained up to 1856 ; in 1857, Mr. L. came to Ogle Co. and engaged in farming ; he owns 350 acres of land, all in cultiva tion ; was married in June, 1856, to Louise M. Lewis ; she was born in Tomp kins Co., N. Y., Jan. 24, 1836; they have five children — John P., born Oct. 4, 1857 ; A. E., Feb. 5, 1861 ; Nellie L , AprU 13, 1864; Grace E., Jan. 15, 1867; Edna Mabel, AprU 23, 1875; Mr. L. belongs to the Congregational Church ; he has been Township Treas urer for fifteen years ; also held various other offices. LEWIS HENRY W. Farmer;. Sec. 26 ; P. 0. Creston ; born in La SaUe Co., IU., Nov. 13,1845 ; came to Ogle Co. in 1854 ; he married, Nov. 22,. 1868, Martha Jane Mcllvain ; she was born in Washington Co., Pa., Jan. 10, 1849 ; they have four children — Ber nard, 13 ; Charley, 13 ; Nanie ; Agnes ;. Mr. L. is a Democrat in politics ; served in the U. S. 'Army, with Co. K, 92d 111. Volunteer Infantry, for eighteen months, when he was honorahly dis charged ; owns 80 acres of land in cul tivation and good homestead. Locke Daniel, farmer ; Sec. 24 ; P. 0. Creston. Lyon W. S. farm.; S. 21 ; P. 0. RocheUe. McBRIDE WILLIAM, farmer; Sec. 28 ; P. 0. Creston. McCrea A. B. lumber and grain dealer; Creston. McCREA J. A. Grain and Lumber Merchant ; Creston ; born in Orange Co., N. Y., Sept, 1828 ; came to Ogle Co. in 1865 and engaged in present bus iness; Mr. McC. maiTied, in 1870, Clara Bird ; she was born in Bellevue,. Huron Co., 0., in 1850 ; they have one chUd— Ella E., born Oct. 1, 1874; they are Methodists in religion ; Mr. M. has. held office of Supervisor of Dement Tp. for two years, and School Director for three years ; owns 350 acres of land,. valued at $21,000. McCrea Leander, farmer ; Sec. 1 ; P. 0. Creston. McDaniel Nelson, teamster; Creston. McKay N. B. physician ; Creston. Mason John G. retired farmer; P. 0. Creston. Mason Seth M. laborer ; Creston. METTLER IRA, Parmer; P. 0. Creston ; born in Northumberland Co., Pa., Oct. 27, 1817 ; came to Winnebago Co. and engaged in farming up to 1858, then came to Ogle Co.; Mr. M. owns 80 acres of fine improved land and splendid homestead in Creston ; married^ June, 1853, to Delia Young (first wife), who died Feb. 16, 1864, by whom he had three children — Stella, born Dec. 9, 1854 ; Louis Burke, born Sept. 10, 1856; and Edna, born Nov 16, 1862; Mr. M. then married, April 16, 1870, Mary Biddle ; she was born in Jefferson Co., Tenn., March 10, 1827 ; Mr. M.. DEMENT TOWNSHIP. 735 has held offices of Police Justice, Road Commissioner, etc, etc.; Mrs. M. is the •leader of temperance in Dement Tp. METTLER WM. J. Retired Far mer ; P. 0. Creston ; born in Tompkins Co., N. Y., Jan. 9, 1833 ; came to Ogle Co. in 1867 ; Mr. M. married Feb. 25, 1865, Selina H. Roberts; she was born Ang. 12, 1839, in Putnam Co., N. Y.; they had two children — Minnie Isabel, born Aug. 21, 1867; Edgar Willis, bom April 15, 1876; Mr. M. is a Free thinker in religion ; Republican in poli- ti.:s ; Mr. M. is the patentee of " Met- tler's Patent Tile Laying Machine," manufactured at Mendota, 111., and Union City, Ind. Miller Elijah H. farmer ; Sec 21 ; P. 0. Creston. MiUs R. S. peddler ; Creston. PHILIP MITCHELL, Butcher and Cattle Buyer ; P. 0. Creston ; born in La PargevUle, N. Y., Jefferson Co., March 1, 1854 ; came to Ogle Co. in. 1872, and engaged in farming with Henry Countryman for about two years, and then went into present business with his brother, under firm name of Mitchell & Bro. ; Henry Mitchell, his father, was born in Elsenberg, Germany ; Eliza beth, his mother, born in same place ; both are now living in Ashton, 111. MORRIS G. W. Editor and Proprie tor Creston Times ; Creston ; born in Danbury, Conn., Nov. 17, 1822 ; from 1837 to 1842, Mr. Morris was appren ticed to Deek & Sanford, woolen manu facturers ; in 1843 Mr. Morris went into the woolen business for himself, and re mained up to 1848, when he was ap pointed Deputy Sheriff under P. P. Barnum ; served for two years ; in 1853 Mr. Morris was again appointed Deputy at Danbury, Conn., and served up to 1862, when he came to Rockford 111., and engaged in the insurance business, and has been in different parts in the United States up to August 17, 1877, when Mr. Morris came to Ogle Co., and engaged in the publishing business ; Mr. Morris is now editor and proprietor of the Creston Times and Malta Mail, both lively and interesting papers. Murphy Cornelius, laborer ; Creston. Mutton John, farm. ; Sec. 23 ; P. 0. Cres ton. "ISTTELSON JOHN _LN Creston. ,LSON OLO J. farm. O' H. blacksmith ; P. 0. Creston. OVERACKER DANIEL R. Hides and Tallow ; Creston ; born Sept. 12, 1837, Herkimer Co., N. Y; came to Ogle Co. in 1862 and engaged in grain business with Joseph White up to 1870 .¦ Mr. Overacker has been married three times ; his present wife being Sarah G. Clark ; she was born in Herkimer Co.. N. Y. ; they have one child — Floyd Elton, born Oct 26, 1875 ; by first marriage three chUdren — James D., (deceased), Elenora, born March 4, 1858; RettaM., born July 6, 1860; of Orthodox religion ; he is a Republican in politics ; Mr. Overacker was elected Constable in 1873, and re-elected Con stable and CoUector, in which capacity he is now serving. Overhaltzer E. E. restaurant keeper ; Cres ton. PALMER CHAS. R. farm.; Sec 4; P. 0. Creston. Palmer John H. farmer ; Sec. 4 ; P. 0. Creston. PAYNE GEORGE, Retired Farm er ; P. 0. Creston ; born in Danbury, Conn., 1814 ; came to Ogle Co. in 1855, and engaged in farming up to 1865, when he rented his farm and came to Creston ; owns 80 acres improved land li miles north of Creston ; married in 1839 Jennet 0. Peck ; she was born in Brookfield, Conn. ; they have three chil dren — Libbie P., George W. and Jennet O. ; Fowler Peck and Mary T., father and mother of Mrs. Peck, came from Connecticut to Creston with Mr. and Mrs. Payne in 1855, and resided with them up to their death; Mary" P., died Sept. 26, 1861, aged 65 years ; Fowler Peck died Nov. 9, 1867, aged 74 years; both buried at Brodie's Grove, 111. Payne Norman, P. 0. Creston. Peck B. H. farm.; Sec. 23 ; P. 0. Creston. Peck Calvin C. farmer ; Sec. 23 ; P. 0. Creston. PIERCE BLANFORD R. Farmer; Sec 12; P. 0. Creston; born in Groton, Tompkins Co., N. Y., March 11, 1832; came to Ogle Co. in 1856, and engaged in farming and buying grain ; owns 400 acres of land, all under 736 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY : cultivation, and one of the finest resi dences in Dement Township ; married Sarah J. Potter Oct. 29, 1853 ; she was born in Sanquoit, Oneida Co., N. Y., August 7, 1835 ; they have eight chU dren — Chaales A., born Dec. 29, 1854; Adelbert, Dec. 10, 1856 ; Joseph Ar thur, Feb. 16, 1859 ; Florence Lenora, March 16, 1862 ; Maude Luria, May 1, 1866 ; Winifred Augusta, Jan. 14, 1871 ; Stanley Roy, Dec. 4, 1872; Car rie, Feb. 16, 1875 ; Mr. and Mrs. P. are members of Congregational Church; Mr. P. is a Republican ; Joseph P., his father, was born in Otsego Co., N. Y.; Polly H., his mother, was born in Ca yuga Co., N. Y.; Mr. P. has held offices of Road Commissioner ; for twenty years has office of School Trustee. Pollock J. K. teacher ; Creston. Pratte E. A. Creston. Pratt W. H. clerk; Creston. /^UICK R. S. Creston. "OEED WM. P. merchant, Creston. REESE LEROY D. Parmer ; Sec. 14; P. 0. Creston ; born May 30, 1840, at New Baltimore, Fairfield Co., Ohio ; came to Ogle Co., in 1862, and located near RocheUe until 1868, when he came to present place ; owns 80 acres of land, under cultivation ; married Mary E. Collier Sept. 23, 1863; she was born at Big Flats, N. Y., Sept 17, 1840 ; they have three children — Jessie V., born March 3, 1866 ; John C, born Oct 12, 1867; Flora A., June 25, 1874 ; Mr. R. is of Methodist religion, and a Republicen in politics ; has held office of School Director in Dement. Rhodes Luther, renter ; Sec. 31 ; P. 0. Rochelle. Rice Eli, farmer ; Sec. 28; P. 0. Creston. Rice Jas. farmer ; Sec 28 ; P. 0. Creston. Rickey W. L. laborer ; Creston. Ritchie I. B. farmer ; Sec. 34 ; P. 0. Ro chelle. Roache Michael, laborer ; Creston. Robbins H. C. druggist ; Creston. Robert.s David A. capitalist ; Creston. ROBERTS WILLIS S. Parmer Creston; born Putnam Co., N. Y.,; •July 1, 1810; came to Oglo Co. in 1863, and engaged in farming ; Mr. R. owns 500 acres of land ; all in cultiva tion ; besides lands in Michigan, and his fine residence in Creston ; Mr. R. mar ried March 15, 1837, Phoebe F. Stevens; she was born in Danbury, Conn., Jan. 25, 1817 ; they have two children — . Selina H., born Aug. 12, 1839 ; David A., born Dec 4, 1846; Mr. R. is a free thinker in religion, and liberal in politics ; Mr. R. has held several offices in this township. ROCKWELL EDWIN A. Far mer ; Seo. 17 ; P. 0. Rochelle ; born Nov. 8, 1824, in Saratoga Co., N. Y.; Dec. 15, 1858, Mr. R. came to Ogle Co. and engaged in farming, and has been ever since ; owns 120 acres of land ; all in cultivation ; married June 12, 1849, Eliza Pennoyer; she was born in Groton, Tompkins Co., N. Y., Oct. 8, 1829 ; they have five children — Edgar J., born June 3, 1855, at Groton, N, Y.; J. Watson, June 15, 1857, at Groton, N. Y.; Mary A., March 8, 1862, at Flaggtown, Ogle Co.; Willard N., Dec. 9, 1867 ; Ada, Feb. 28, 1871 ; Mr. and Mrs. RockweU are members of the M. E. Church ; Mr. RockweU has held the offices of School Director and Justice of the Peace ; Mr. Rockwell's parents were born in Stamford, Conn.; Mrs. Rock well's parents were born in Dutchess Co., N. Y. Rowe W. H. farmer ; Sec. 13 ; P. 0. Creston. Ryerson C. R. laborer; Creston. " COTT ELIJAH. S' SANDVIG CRIST, Farmer; Seo. 15 ; P. 0. Creston ; born in Stavanger, Norway, Nov. 6, 1845 ; came to Ogle Co. in 1876, and engaged in farming ; owns 80 acres of land ; all in cultivation ; married Nov. 12, 1874, Julia SalveSon ; she was born in same place as Mr. S.; they have three chil dren — Selma, born Dec. 10, 1876 ; Julia, May 9, 1877 ; Carrie, Aug. 10, 1875 ; belong to the Lutheran Church ; politics. Republican. Shehan John, farmer ; Seo. 31 ; P. 0. RocheUe. Sisson Fred, farm,; S. 10 ; P. 0. Creston. Smith Horace, farm.; S. 4 ; P. 0. Creston. SMITH JAUIES, Farmer; Sec. 24 P. 0. Creston ; born in Toronto, Canada, DEMENT TOWNSHIP. 737 May 11, 1835; came to Ogle Co. in 1846, and worked for Mr. Bowen, who lived at Payne's Point ; the first two weeks he receives three old hens for his services ; Mr. S. now owns a fine resi dence and 225 acres of cultivated land ; married Jan. 2, 1860, Mary A. Robin son ; she was born in Lincolnshire, England, Dec 2, 1841 ; they have two children living and five dead — Emma Isabel, died Sept. 5, 1863 ; Nellie A., died Jun 3 30, 1865; Roy, died June 1, 1871 ; Ralph T., died June 1, 1873 ; Floyd, died June 3, 1873; Lena M., born March 14, 1875; Ritta, Nov. 1, 1876 ; members of the Metho dist Church ; politics. Republican ; Mr. S. is a member of the Odd Fellows' and Masonic Lodges. SMITH THOMAS, Retired Parm er ; P. 0. Creston ; born in Yorkshire, Eng., De^. 21, 1804; came to America in 1828, after being nine weeks and three days in crossing the ocean ; when Mr. Smith, better known as Uncle Tommy, landed, he only had an old shilling and 25-cent piece, but getting a job of teaming, he worked himself up ; iu 1846, he came to Ogle Co., and en gaged in farming, and is now owner of over 300 acres of fine improved land in this county, besides 4,000 acres in Mar shall and "Washington Counties, Kan. ; Uncle Tommy married, July 16, 1834, Jane Thompson ; she was born in York shire, Eng., Jan. 23, 1813 ; they have seven chUdren — Mary Ann, James, Thompson, George Anna, Betsy, and Harriet E.; Uncle Tommy has held offices of Postmaster, President of De ment Board, and various other offices ; belongs to the Methodist Church; in politics. Independent ; is known all over the county as Uncle 'Tommy. Smith WUliam, laborer ; Creston. SPRIGGS JAMES C. Farmer; Sec 25 ; P. 0. Creston ; born in Mar- shaU Co., Va., April 10, 1842 ; came to Ogle 'Co. in March, 18*71, and engaged in farming ; Mr. 8. has- 800 acres of land, aU in cultivation; Feb. 28, 1867, married Eleanor Parkinson ; she was born in Allegheny Co., Pa., Aug. 3, 1849 ; they have three children — Clara L., born Oct 19, 1869 ; Sarah A., Sept 20, 1872 ; Rosa, Jan. 18, '75 ; they are Presbyterians ; in politics Mr. S. is a Republican ; in 1861, Mr. S. joined the U. S. Army, in Washington Co., Pa., in Capt. Weshet's Co. 8th Pa. Re- seives, Co. K, and remained in service up to 1865 ; among the battles engaged in by Mr. S. were the seven days' battle under McClellan, three days battle' un der Pope, battle of Fredericksburg, Va., Chesterville, Gettysburg, Pa., battle of the Wilderness, and several others ; has held town offices as Clerk and School Trustee. Sullivan Eugene, laborer ; Creston. Sullivan Ulrick, laborer , Creston. Swain R. G. retired farm. ; P. 0. Creston. Scott D. W. Swingley Jacob E. farmer ; Sec. 11 ; P. 0. Creston. Swingley James A. farmer; Sec. 11; P. 0. Creston. Swingley John H. farmer ; Sec 11 ; P. 0. Creston. SWINGLEY CAPT. N. Retired Farmer ; P. 0. Creston ; born in Wash ington Co., Md., Nov. 9, 1807 ; came to Ogle Co., in 1836, and engaged in farm ing ; Capt. S. married, in Feb. 1827, Eliza Sherer ; she was born in Wash ington Co., Md., April 1, 1809 ; they have eight children living (all wealthy people), and three deceased — Ann Eliz abeth, John Henry, UriUa, Upton, Nicholas, Jacob E., James A., Martha, Mary Elizabeth, Charles A., William A. ; Capt. S. own 320 acres of land, all in cultivation, at Brodie's Grove,, in this county. Swingley N. J. farmer; Sec. 11; P. 0. Creston. SWINGLEY UPTON, _ Retired Parmer ; P. 0. Creston ; born in Wash ington Co., Md., Sept 18, 1834 ; came to Ogle Co., in 1838 ; commenced farm ing in 1856, and continued up to about ten years ago, when Mr. S. rented most of his land out ; Mr. S. owns 700 acres of land in this and DeKalb Counties, all in cultivation, and besides having one of the finest residences in Ogle Co. ; Mr. S. has been married three times : first, to Frances Potter, in 1858, she died in 1871 ; Mr S. then married, Oct. 1872, Mrs. Sophie Byers, who died Jan. 18, 1874 ; he then married Mrs. Brown; by his first wife Mr. S. had four children 738 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY : — Carrie, Minnie, Grace, Lydia ; by his second wife, one chUd — Upton L. ; by his third wife, one child — Howard H. ; Mr. S. has held the offices of Supervi sor, Town Assessor, Road Commissioner; is a Democrat in politics. TAYLOR NATHANIEL, farmer ; P. 0. Creston. Thompson Hans, merchant ; Creston. Thompson Rasmus ; P. 0. Creston. TODD ANDREW H. Farmer; Sec. 36 ; P. 0. Creston ; born in Stam ford, Conn., Aug. 1,1833; in 1859, came to Lee Co., adjoining Ogle Co., and engaged in farming, and has been ever since ; Mr. Todd owns 86 acres of land, all under cultivation ; March 10, 1873, Mr. Todd married EUa P. Dick erson ; she was born in Aurora, N. Y., AprU 28, 1849 ; they have one child — Harry T. (adopted May 21, 1877) ; Mr. Todd is a son of the celebrated Rev. Ambrose Seymour Todd, formerly Rec tor of St. John's Church, Stamford, Conn., who, up to time of his death, June 25, 1861, had preached four thou sand five hundred sermons. TOMESON NELSE, Farmer; Sec 10 ; P. 0. Creston; born in Stavanger, Norway, in 1858 ; came to Ogle Co. in 1864 and located on present place ; owns 80 acres of land, all cultivated ; married Martha Johnson ; she was born in Sta vanger,' June 24, 1852 ; they had one chUd — Theodore Burton, born Sept. 1, 1876, died Dec. 29, 1877, and buried at Creston ; they belong to the Lutheran Church ; Mr. T. is a Republican. Torbert A. T. farmer ; Sec. 27 ; P. 0. Creston. Torbert Horace ; Creston. Townsend Martin, farmer ; P. 0. Creston. Townsend Walter, farmer ; P. 0. Creston. Treiholm John ; P. 0. Creston. YAILE E. G. farmer; Sec 31; P. 0. Rochelle. Vanartsdale J. K. farm.; S.15; P.O. Creston. WHALEN PAT, raUroad employe ; P. 0. Creston. WALKER JAMES P. Retired; was born Aug. 25, 1836, in Dunbar, Fayette Co., Pa.; son of William and Martha PauU Walker; served three years in Co. H, 1st Pa. Res. Cav.; was engaged at 2d Bull Run, Cedar Moun tain, Seven Days' Fight in the Wilder ness and before Richmond, at Antietam and DrainsvUle. He was married, Oct. 20, 1869, to Miss Elvira J. Spriggs, who was born June 18, 1839, in Mar- shaU Co., Va.; she was a daughter of Jackson and Eliza Chambers Spriggs; they have three children — Anna Mar tha, born Aug. 22, 1870 ; WUliam J. S., born June 18, 1874 ; and Jennie Mabel, born April 26, 1877; his grand father was Col. James PauU, who was with Gen. Crawford in his march on Sandusky ; was captured with Gen. Douglas, and escaped ; had many nar row escapes from the Indians. WiUiam Walker was born Aug. 25, 1800, and Martha PauU, May 6, 1805; Jackson Spriggs was born April 25, 1808 ; Eliza Chambers was born about 1810 ; Mr. Spriggs left about 15,000 acres of land to four children, valued at $50 to $300 per acre, according to location. WATERMAN WILLIAM, Cap italist; Loans Money and Buys and Sells Real Estate ; residence, northwest corner South and Center streets, Cres ton ; owns 980 acres of land, valued at $40,000 ; was born Oct. 2, 1826, in Otsego, Otsego Co., N. Y.; son of Tim othy and Lucy Tanner Waterman ; he was married, Nov. 20, 1855, to Miss Anna W. Warren, who was born in Ot sego, Nov. 18, 1834 ; she was a daugh ter of Erastus W. and EmUy Clark WaiTen, both stUl living in Otsego ; was brought up on a farm near Cooperstown, N. Y.; came to Creston in the Spring of 1857 ; engaged in the grain business five or six years, then in present busi ness. Have had two children — Ella W., born July 8, 1858 ; May Genevieve, born May 11, 1871, died July 21, 1877 ; little May was beloved by all. Inde- . pendent in religion and politics. Wheeler C. H. Presbyterian Minister, P.O' Creston. White C. H. farmer ; S. 34 ; P.O. Creston. WHITE JOSEPH, Justice of the Peace, Grain and Coal Dealer ; residence on Center St., south of Depot, Creston; was born Feb. 18, 1830, in Chazy, Clin ton Co., N. Y. ; son of W. A. and La vina Slosson White ; mother died in Sycamore, III, Dec 14, 1869; father in Creston June 29, 1872 ; in 1838, the family removed to Bangor, Franklin Co., DEMENT TOWNSHIP. 739 N. Y. ; from there to Sycamore, 111., in 1847 ; came to Creston (then Dement) in 1865, and engaged in Grain and Coal trade ; was married in Sycamore, Oct. 2, 1853, by Rev. Thos. Woolsey, M. E., to Miss Mary L. Allen, who was born Dec. 11, 1836, in Springfield, Otsego Co., N. Y., daughter of Paul V. and Belinda Bissell Allen ; her father died in Sycamore, Oct. 7, 1854 ; mother liv ing with her ; her parents came to Syca more in 1851 from Richfield Springs, Otsego Co., N. Y. ; Joseph White has been a Justice of the Peace eight years ; was elected Supervisor in 1877 by a nearly unanimous vote ; always Republi can, voting for John P. Hale for Presi dent ; religion, both members of Con gregational Church ; have had five chil dren — Josephine A., born Aug. 29, 1858; Charles S., born Nov. 16, 1857, died Feb. 9, 1858; Edgar H., born April 21, 1858; Linnie L.,born Aug. 6, 1862; Anna W., born Dec. 21, 1870, in Creston ; the other four in Sycamore. White Thomas R. farmer ; Sec. 34 ; P. 0. Creston. White WUliam C. farmer ; Sec 34 ; P. 0. Creston. Whitney James, farmer ; Sec. 6 ; P. O. Creston. WiUiams Charles, farmer ; P. 0. Creston. WILLIAMS JOHN, Farmer; Sec 33; P. 0. Rochelle; born Clark Co., Va., April, 1837 ; Mr. W. was farming in Clark Co. from 1852 to 1855 ; then moved to New York State, and lived there until the war broke out; joined the U. S. Army ; was engaged in several battles, and was captured at Harper's Ferry and made exchange prisoner ; at close of war engaged in farming in Gen esee Co., N. Y. for two year.s ; then came to Ogle Co. ; Mr. "W. owns 80 acres land all in cultivation. Williams Winslow, P. 0. Creston. WILSON ROBERT, Farmer ; Sec 17 ; P. 0. Rochelle ; born in Kerkad- bright, Scotland, Aug. 30, 1848 ; came to Ogle Co. in 1868, and engaged in farming and has been ever since ; owns 160 acres land, all cultivated ; married March 29, 1872, Ann Ferguson ; she was born Sept. 27, 1847, at same place ; Mr. and Mrs. Wilson are members of the Presbyterian Church ; in politics, Mr. W. is Independent. Wood Hiram, ret. farmer ; P. 0. Creston. Wood John, teacher ; P. 0. Creston. Woodard George, carpenter ; Creston. Woodard Solomon, farmer ; Sec. 13 ; P. 0. Creston. ¦ Woodard Virgil, tinner ; Creston. YEAGER EMANUEL, farmer; Sec. 1 ; P. O. Creston. Yeager George, farmer ; Sec 1 ; P. 0. Creston. Young L W. farmer ; P. 0. Creston. 740 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY : LEAF RIVER TOWNSHIP. ALDEN CHARLES, farm. ; Sec 8 ; P. 0. Wales. Alden Lsreal, farm. ; S. 31 ; P. 0. Wales. Alden Martin, teacher ; S. 8 ; P. 0. Wales. Alden T. W. farm. ; Sec. 8 ; P. 0. Wales. AUen Chester P. farm. ; Sec. 11 ; P. 0. Wales. Allen Major, farm. ; Sec 3 ; P. 0. Wales. Allen Perrain R. farm. ; S. 3 ; P. 0. Wales. Allen Samuel, farm. ; S. 3 ; P. 0. Wales. Askey J. T. laborer; LightsviUe; Wales. BARBER JOSIAH, cooper; Sec. 23 ; P. 0. Wales. Barnes George, farm. ; S. 28 ; P. 0 Byron. Barnes James, farm. ; S. 28 ; P. 0. Byron. Beck Gearhart, laborer; S. 10; P. 0. Wales. Beck WUliam, carpenter ; Sec. 26 ; Wales. Beeler John J. farm. ; S. 31 ; P. 0. Wales. BEELER SAMUEL I. Farmer; Sec. 31 ; P. 0. Wales ; owns 276 acres value $11,040 ; was born August 16, 1823, in Washington Co., Md., and when 16 years old, served apprentice ship to the cooper trade, which he fol lowed for 23 years ; in 1841 came to Maryland Township in this county, where he lived until May 24, 1849 ; when he married Anna C, daughter of John Palmer of Mt. Morris in this county, and moved to Pine Creek Town ship, where he followed his trade of cooper, making flour barrels for the es tablishment of Pinckney, Adams & Co. ; he remained here until the mill was burned, June 9, 1850 ; the destruction of the Pine Creek flour-mill was ' a severe loss in those days to the early settlers ; Mr. Beeler was the first per son to give the alarm when the fire broke out ; the only persons on the premises were Mr. Beeler and wife and a small boy named Hunter; the fire was dis covered about eight o'clock on Sunday morning, and immediately Mr. Beeler mounted his horse and rode with all haste to Mt. Morris, to report the mat ter to his employers, but owing to the too great distance from the conflagration, nothing could be done in time to save the mill ; notwithstanding there were hundreds of men who responded to the alarm to give a helping hand ; the struc ture was rebuilt about five years ago, and i's now run by Mr. Newcomer from Pine Creek ; he went to Buffalo Grove, and thence to Leaf River Township, where he invested in a farm in February 1854, which occupation (farmer) he has followed ever since ; he is also agent ' for N. C. Thompson's Agricultural Im plements, Nichols, Shepard & Co.'s Vibrator Threshing Machines, Hagers- to'wn Agricultural Implement Co ; is President of " Leaf River and Rockvale Fire Ins. Co.;" is a Rep.; was Constable and Collector, Road Commissioner, Supervisor and Town Clerk Mrs. Beeler was born Jan. 3, 1829 in Washington Co., Md. ; they had eight children, four of whom are living and named — John J., born Jan. 4, 1853 ; Elmore L., June 6, 1861 ; Joseph G., Sept 15, 1863, and Ernest, July 2, 1867 ; the four deceased were Annie B., aged three years and five days; Ella, aged one year and four months; Samuel H., aged three years eight months and seven days, and Wm. A., aged four years and twenty-three days ; Mr. Beeler has built three dwellings since he settled in this township, and a dweUing and cooper shop in JBuffalo Grove, which cost in the aggregate $5,000 ; he never believed in paying house rent. BERTOLET JOEL B. Post master ; Wales ; owns 67 acres land ; probable valuation, $2,680 ; Mr. B. was born Sept 22, 1839, in Berks Co., Pa., and came to Ogle Co. in 1859, and settled in Leaf River Township, where he now resides ; he was married May 14, 1861, to Matilda, daughter of Charles B. Reeber, of Leaf River ; Mrs. Bertolet was born Dec 8, 1842, and is a member of the German Reformed Church ; they have three children,named Esther A., Mary M., and Charles D ; Mr. Bertolet is a Republican, and is County Surveyor and Supervisor, and School Treasurer of Leaf River ; he was Town Clerk, Road Commissioner, School Director and Justice of the Peace ; he also taught school for eight LEAF RIVER TOWNSHIP. 741 years, and is now Secretary of the Leaf Eiver and Rockvale Fire Insurance Co., and keeps a general grocery, where the farmers of the surrounding country procure their supplies. Bowars Hiram P. cooper ; P. 0. Wales. Bowerman Charles, laborer ;' Sec. 10 ; P.O. Wales. Bowerman S. B. M. D., LightsvUle ; P.O. Wales. Bowman Samuel, laborer ; Sec. 25 ; P. 0. Wales. Bradley John, Sec. 9 ; P. 0. Pecatonica. Bradley Patrick, farmer ; Sec. 9 ; P. 0. Byron. Bressler Edward, thresher ; Sec. 22 ; P. 0. Wales. Brown Andrew J. laborer ; Seo. 14 ; P. 0. Wales. Brown David, laborer ; Sec. 14 ; P. O. Wales. Brown Daniel U. blacksmith ; LightsviUe ; P 0 Wales. BROWN THOMAS, Farmer; S. 30; P. 0. Wales; owns 122i acres; Mr. Brown was born in 1816, in York shire, England, where he was married to EUzabeth, daughter of John Phil lips of the same place ; they came to the United States in 1850, and lived in Ohio until 1856, when they moved to Ogle Co., and settled in this township in 1865 ; they have seven children — Jesse F., Thomas P., Rosa M., Clara A., Alice J., Annie B., and Isaiah; they lost six chUdren — Sarah, Char lotte, Henry, John, Elizabeth, and one not named ; Mr. B. is a Republican, and is now serving his second term as School Director ; he is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and Mrs. Brown is also a member. Burkhart David, laborer ; Sec. 14 ; P. 0. CAMPMYER ADA, farmer ; Sec. 10 ; P. 0. AdeUne. Canode Jonas C, laborer ; Sec. 27 ; P. 0. CANODE THOMAS O. Farmer ; Sec. 27 ; P. 0. Adeline ; Maryland Township ; owns five acres of land ; Mr. Canode was born June 16, 1829, in Washington Co., Maryland ; was mar ried Aug. 29, 1850, to Sarah, daughter of Adam Pensinger, of Franklin Co., Pa. ; she was born Jan. 4, 1828 ; they have three children — Anna M., born March 26, 1860; Lydia J., Sept 14, 1865 ; and Howard P., Oct. 20. 1867 ; they lost six chUdren — Harry, Jonas B., Ida C, Jacob H., Martha B. and George C. ; Mr. Canode enlisted Oct 14, 1861, in the 128th Pa. V. I., and was engaged in battle at Little Washington, N. C. ; was mustered Aug. 12, 1862, and re-enlisted Aug. 1, 1863, in the 21st Pa. V. C. ; was engaged in the batties of Gregg Station, Coal Har bor, Petersburg and Richmond; was First Sergeant in General Sheridan's Body Guard, and accompanied him in his raids from Lynchburg to City Point ; thence to Petersburg; was honorably discharged July 8, 1865, at Lynchburg, Va., and returned to his home in Frank lin Co., Pa., where he there resided; is a Democrat ; and Mrs. Canode is a member of the Lutheran Church. Carpenter Oliver, farmer ; Sec. 1 ; P. 0. Wales. Coppens Byron, patent right agent; P. 0. Wales. Cramer John, farm. ; S. 13 ; P. 0. Wales. r\AVIS CHARLES, farmer; Sec 26; ±J P. 0. Wales. DAVIS MILO, Sec 29; P. 0. Wales; owns 166 acres ; Mr. Davis was born May 2, 1820, in Rensselaer Co., N. Y., and was married Sept 13, 1839, to Almira A., daughter of Nathaniel Randall, of Petersburgh, Rensellaer Co. N. Y. ; she was born AprU 24, 1821 ; they came to Ogle Co. in 1856, and settled in this township ; they have four chUdren — Rosetta, born Jan. 19, 1843, Charles M., Oct. 19, 1845, Martha E., March 27, 1854, and George W., May 6, 1859 ; Mr. Davis is a Republican, and was Road Master two terms ; Mrs. Davis is a member of the Church of United Brethren, and her daughter, Martha, is a member of the M. B. Church. Densler Henry, farmer. Sec. 15 ; P. 0. Wales. Donahoe Thos. tenant farmer, Seo. 32 ; P. 0. Byron. DOWNER HENRY, Farmer, Sec. 29 ; P. 0. Wales ; owns 80 acres. Mr. Downer was born April 23, 1832, in Hampshire, England ; came to the United States in 1853 ; he came to Ogle 742 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY : County Sept 16, 1857, and settled in this township ; was married May 2, 1857, to Jane A., daughter of Nathan iel West, of Rush, Monroe Co., N. Y. ; she was born AprU 27, 1834, and died Aug. 12, 1874 They had four children — Charles H. (deceased). Alma E., Ebon and Wallace R. Mr. Downer's present wife is Laura A., daughter of James Kent, of Ro chelle, IU.; she was born Aug. 30, 1854, and has one chUd — Fannie M. Mr. Downer is a Republican, and was School Director for three years, and Road Mas ter for about three terms. He is a member of the M. E. Church, and Mrs. Downer is a member of the Presbyte rian Church. Drumheiler S. wagon maker, LightsviUe ; P. 0. Wales. EAVEY DENTON H, farmer. Sec. 11 ; P. 0. Wales. Eavey Isaac D. retired farmer. Sec. 11 ; P. 0. Wales. Elston Warren D. thresher. Sec. 5 ; P. 0. Pountaindale. Emmett David, farm., S. 35 ; P. 0. Wales. Emory Jared T. farmer. Sec. 21 ; P. 0. Wales. FAIRLAMB EDWIN, plasterer, LightsvUle ; P. 0. Wales. Flanders Josiah, farmer. Sec. 14 ; P. 0. Wales. Peizer Jacob, tenant farmer, LightsviUe ; P. 0. Wales. Fogle Charles, farm., S. 15 ; P. 0. Adeline. Fogle Charles Jr. laborer, LightsviUe ; P. 0. Wales. Frost Burton, farmer, S. 2 ; P. 0. Wales. Frost T. P. laborer. Sec. 10 ; P. 0. Wales. GAFFIN ABRAHAM, farmer, Sec. 34 ; P. 0. Wales. Gaffin Morris. Gaffin WUliam, farm., S. 35 ; P. 0. Wales. Garner David, farm., S. 18 ; P. 0. Wales. Garner George, farm., S. 30 ; P. 0. Wales. Getchell Chancey, farmer. Sec. 16 ; P. 0. Wales. Grady John, farmer, Sec. 5 ; P. 0. Pec atonica. GRADY JAMES, Farmer, Sec. 6 ; P. 0. Pecatonica, Wiunebago County; owns 157 acres of land. Mr. Grady was bom in Boston, Mass., Aug. 5, 1813, and when a boy of about nine years old went to Mendon, Worcester Co., Mass., and worked on a farm for about five years, when he moved to Mil ford, and went on a farm to work, where he continued for eight years. When in his twenty-second year he purchased a farm on which was a grist and saw-mill, whioh he cdnducted with his farm. He was married Sept. 7. 1837, to Sarah J., daughter of Otis Parkhurst, of Milford ; she was born April 27, 1811, and died Jan. 16, 1862. In 1842, they went back to Mendon, where they bought a farm, and lived there until 1855, when they came to Ogle County, and settled in Leaf River Township. They had two children — John, born Aug, 7, 1838, and Andrew J., May 22, 1841. They lost one child — Cassius M. C, born in Mendon, Worcester County, Sept. 19, 1847, and died Nov. 3, 1866, in Leaf River Township. Mr. Grady was mar ried to his present wife (who was Mrs. Mary B. Housewert, of Westfield, Win nebago County) Sept. 7, 1865 ; she was born May 31, 1821, and is a member of the M. C. Church, Mr. Grady is the owner of an ink stand that was made in England in 1741. Graham John, farmer ; Sec 11 ; P. 0. Wales. Grove Geo. farmer; Sec. 3 ; P. 0. Wales. Grove Jeremiah, laborer ; Sec. 23 ; P. 0. Wales. Grove Samuel, stone mason ; LightsvUle ; P. 0. Wales. HARRISON JOHN, shoemaker; LightsvUle ; P. 0. Wales. HARNER EMANUEL, Farmer; Sec. 2 ; P. 0. Wales ; owns 53 acres ; Mr. H. was bom Feb. 28th, 1840, in Northumberland Co., Pa.; his parents brought him in his infancy to this coun ty and settled in Leaf River Township ; his father died in 1846, and then his widowed mother was obliged to care for five small children ; as time passed on, Emanuel worked the farm for his mother ; and when the war was going on he joined the Union Army, Sept. 7, 1861, having enlisted in Company H, 34th I. V. I.; he was engaged in the battle of Shiloh, Pen'yville, Stone River, Liberty Gap, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Resaca, Kenesaw Mountain, and all the engagements his regiment par ticipated in, altogether about 37 hard- LEAF RIVER TOWNSHIP. 743 fought battles ; whUe on the march from Crow Creek, Alabama, to Battle Creek, Tenn., he received an injury which disabled him for service for three months; was honorably discharged July 12, 1865, and was mustered out as Sergeant at Chicago, July 18, 1865 ; was married Dec. 20, 1866, to Elizabeth, daughter of Samuel Grove, of this township ; she died Sept. 22, 1868; they had one child— Ulysses 0., born Feb. 18, 1868, and died Jan. 9, 1869 ; Mr. H. was afterward married to Nettie, daughter of Josiah Jackson, of Washington Co., Md., Oct. 7, 186"9 ; she was born Aug. 24, 1848 ; they have three children — Annie S., born Oct 25, 1870; Mary A. C, born August 31, 1874, and Josiah P. 0 , Jan. 19, 1877 ; Mr. H. is a Re publican ; was Commissioner of High ways for three years ; is a member of the Church of United Brethren, and is a Trustee of that Church. Hawk Daniel, farm.; Section 15; P. 0. Wales. Hawk Emanuel, farmer; Sec 15; P. 0. Wales. Hazzard Daniel, farmer ; Sec. 17 ; P. 0. Wales. Hazzard James, farmer ; Sec. 17 ; P. 0. Wales. Heiter John, laborer ; Wales. Heiter Wm. D. laborer ; Sec 30 ; P. 0. Wales. Heiter Wm. H. farmer ; Sec. 1 ; P. 0. Wales. Heistand George, farmer ; Sec. 27 ; P. 0. Adeline. Heistand Thomas, farmer ; Sec. 27 ; P. 0. Adeline. Heilman Daniel, laborer ; Sec. 27 ; P. 0. Adeline. Heilman Frank, laborer ; Sec 27 ; P. 0. Adeline. Hess M. C. farm.; Sec. 26; P. 0. Wales. Higgs James A. farmer ; Sec. 30 ; P. 0. Wales. Higgs James P. farmer ; Sec. 30 ; P.' 0. Wales. HIGHBARGER LEROY, Farmer and Stock Raiser ; Sec 3 ; P. O.Adeline; owns 165 acres; Mr. H. was born Jan. 1, 1828, in Washington Co., Md.; his parents (David and Leah) with their family, came into this town ship June 17, 1845, and invested in Government land at $1.25 per acre, having purchased 270 acres they built a house upon it, the lumber for whioh they hauled with team from Chicago ; however, the subject of this worked the farm with his father until be was 27 years old, when he was married, Oct. 16, 1855, to Jane, daughter of George Stokes, of Ridott Tp., Stephenson Co., 111. ; she was born Sept. 8, 1832, in Ortsel, Eng land ; they have two children — Martha, born July 6, 1856, and Charles, born Jan. 27, 1859 ; Mr. H. is a Republican; was School Director six years, and Road Commissioner thre.e years ; his father was born March 18, 1793 ; was Captain in the American Army, and fought in the war of 1812 ; he died January 12, 1874; his mother was born Feb. 4, 1797, and is still living, ber mind vigor ous as it ever was ; Mrs. H. is a member of the M. E. Church, and her daughter Martha is a member of the Christian Church. Hillman Henry, laborer ; Sec. 23 ; P. 0. HILLMAN PETER, Parmer; Sec 27 ; P. 0. Adeline, Maryland Tp.; owns 70 acres of land ; Mr. Hillman was born in Oct, 1812, in Franklin Co., Pa.; he was was married in Sept., 1836, to Catharine, daughter of John Feenafroch, of same place; she died in 1841 ; they had two children — Catharine and Susan; Mr. H. was married afterward to Mrs. Hannah Ledy, of Franklin Co., Pa.; she was born Sept 17, 1815 ; they have three children-^Clara E., born July 26, 1848; Daniel W., Sept. 11, 1850; and Benjamin P., Sept 12, 1853 ; Mr. H. came to Ogle Co. and settled in Leaf River Tp., in 1855 ; he is a Democrat; and a member of the Lutheran Church ; Mrs. Hillman is a member of the Church of United Breth ren ; and Miss Clara HiUman is a mem ber of the Church of the Disciples. Hoffman Daniel, farmer; Sec 21; P. 0. Wales. Haskin John, wagon maker ; Wales. Hoverland P. E. farmer ; Seo. 14 ; P. 0. Wales. Hoverland John, farmer; Sec. 14; P. 0. Hubble Wilson, farmer; Sec. 10; P. 0. Wales. 44 744 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY : HUFF DAVID, Parmer; Sec. 2; P. 0. Wales ; owns 53J acres ; Mr. H. was born June 21, 1836, in Centre Co., Pa.; came to Ogle Co. in 1847 ; and settled in Maryland Tp. in 1856; moved to Leaf River Tp.; and was mar ried July 7, 1859, to Mary N., daughter of Christian Harner ; she was born Sept 21, 1843; they have five chil dren — Sherman E., bom Dec. 4, 1865 Ida B., Aug. 10, 1867 ; Osias E., Dec 23, 1870; David M., Nov. 8, 1872 and Mary N., Feb. 17, 1878 ; they lost four chUdren — Amelia B., Martha J., CindereUa B. and John C. Mr. H. is a Republican ; enlisted in Co. A, 34th I. V. I. Feb. 10, 1864; and was engaged in the battles of Kenesaw Mountain, Buzzard Roost ; and in all of the engagements his company took part in until he was honorably dis charged, Feb. 7, 1865, by reason of wounds received near Big Shanty, where the fore finger of his right hand was cut off, and was therefore unfitted for further service ; he was School Director for six years, Road Master seven years, and is now Town Constable, and serving his second term of four years ; Mrs. Huff is a member of the Church of United Brethren. ICELY JOHlV, farmer; Sec 23; P. 0. Wales. Icely John Jr. laborer ; Sec 23 ; P. 0. Wales. Icely Martin, laborer ; Sec. 26 ; P. 0. "Wales. Icely Samuel, laborer ; Sec. 23 ; P. 0. "Wales. JOHNSON GEO. E. clerk; P. 0. Wales. Johnson John, tenant farmer; Sec. 19; P. 0. Wales. JONES EDWARD A. Farmer; Sec. 9 ; P. 0. Fountaindale, Winne bago Co.; owns 160 acres; Mr. Jones was born in 1825, in Montgomeryshire, Wales ; and came to the United States in 1857, arriving in Portland, Me.; he came direct to Ogle Co.,- and settled in Leaf River Tp., AprU 20, 1857; he was married AprU 26, 1860, to Mary J., daughter of John Doughty, of Byron Tp.; Mrs. Jones was born Aug. 22, 1835, near Montreal, Canada; they have three children — Ida A., born Aug. 11, 1861; George B., July 26, 1863; and Jennie D., March 15, 1869 ; Mr. Jones is a Republican ; and is School Director, which position he has fiUed for the past twelve years; Mrs. Jones and her daughter Ida are members of the Presbyterian Church. JONES EVAN, Farmer; Sec. 4; P. 0. Fountaindale, Winnebago Co.; owns 500 acres of land ; Mr. Jones was bom Jan. 22, 1816, in Montgomery shire, Wales ; and came to the United States in June, 1843, arriving in New York City ; he did not stay there long, but starttd for Cincinnatti, Ohio, and worked on a farm for two years within twenty-five miles of that city ; he then returned to Cincinnati, where he lived for two years ; and in 1847 he went to Galesburg, lU., where he worked in a plough shop until 1850, when he moved to Ogle Co., and settled in Leaf River Tp. in 1851 ; he was married March 28, 1850, to Catharine, daughter of Isaac Goans, of Denbigh, Wales ; near which place Mrs. Jones was bom, Aug. 19, 1823; they have four children — Clara M., born Oct. 5, 1851 ; Annie J., March 27, 1854; William W., Oct 7, 1856; Mary A., Jan. 6, 1859; Mr. Jones is a Republican ; and is a School Trastee, which position he has filled for eight or nine years; he was School Di rector for about ten years ; the family are members of the Presbyterian Church of Middle Creek. Jones John D. Sec. 4 ; P. 0. Fountain- dale, Winnebago Co. Jones R. T. farmer ; Sec. 9 ; P. 0. Poun taindale, Winnebago Co. Jones Thomas, Sec. 9 ; P. 0. Fountain- dale, Winnebago Co. KBIFBR JOHN, farmer; Sec 15; P. 0. Wales. KAPPENMAN JACOB, Farm.; Sec 26; P. 0. Wales; owns 282 acres ; Mr. K. was born Feb. 29, 1828 ; in Hoen-ZoUern, Hechingen, Prussia, and was married Feb. 22, 1856, to Mary, daughter of Wilhelm Schetter, of same place; she was born Jan. 21, 1832; they came to the U. S. in Sept. 1858 and bent their course West to Ogle Co., and settled in Leaf River Township, where he worked on a farm for one year, before purchasing the place on LEAF RIVER TOWNSHIP. 745 which he now resides ; they have seven chUdren — Adolph, born May 28, 1858 ; Mary, Dec. 22, 1860 ; Christian, Dec 25, 1863; Susan, -Nov. 17,1865; Joseph, July 18th, 1868 ; Anna, Sept. 8, 1870; Wilhelm, Jan.8, 1875 ; Mr. K. isa Re publican, and was School Director for three years and Road Master one year ; The family are members of the Catholic Church. Keefer Joseph, well driller ; Sec. 18 ; P. 0. Wales. KeUer James, Thresher ; Sec 26 ; P. 0. KENDEL JOSEPH, Farmer; Sec 20 ; P. 0. Wales ; owns 80, acres of land ; Mr. K. was born in Washing ton Co., Md., May 7, 1830 ; came to Ogle Co., in 1855 ; he lived in Mt Morris Township, until 1860, when he moved to this township ; was married Feb. 8, 1860, to Adeline, daughter of Jacob Myers, of Leaf Grove Township ; she was born in 1850 ; they have seven chUdren — Jacob M., born Dec. 13 ; 1862; Samuel E., Dec 9, 1864 ; Daniel S., Nov. 14, 1867 ; John T., June 28, 1876 ; Elizabeth E., Sept 12, 1865 ; Emma C, Aug. 2, 1870 ; Marth-i J., Dec. 28, 1873 ; was Road Master for six years ; he is also a member of the Christian Church, of which denomina tion Mrs. Kendel is also a member ; Mr. K. is a Democrat. Kerns Henry, farmer ; Sec 34 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Kerns Samuel, farmer ; Sec. 34; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Kinney Patrick, laborer ; P. 0. Wales. KERSHNER JOHN S. Farmer and Stock Raiser ; Sec. 22 ; P. 0. Wales; owns 170 acres; Mr. Kirshner was born Jan. 15, 1830, in Washington Co., Md. ; came to Ogle Co., in 1851, and settied in Maryland Township, where he followed the occupation of miller for fifteen years, working in the " Possler-MiU ;" in 1866, he bought the farm he now lives on, and followed farm ing until 1872, when he rented his farm and went back to Maryland Town ship and ran the " Fossler MiU" on his own account, untU 1874, when he re turned to his farm in this township ; was married, Nov. 9, 1854, to Sophia A., daughter of George Bressler, of Monroe Township, Ogle Co. ; she was born Oct. 11,1834; they have five children — Arabella, born Aug. 21, 1855 ; Charles S., Dec. 11, 1857 ; Sarah M., May 20 1860 ; Mary E., May 2, 1863 ; George E., June 27, 1868 ; lost one ohUd— Martha E., bom Sept 16, 1866, died Aug. 22, 1867 ; Mr. K. is a Democrat, and was Road Commissioner for one year ; is School Director and has held that position for the last twenty years, in Maryland and Leaf River Townships ; Mrs. Kirshner is a member of the Evan gelical Church. Knapp John W. Sec 17 ; P. 0. Wales. KNAPP MRS. MARY, Widow of Levi Knapp ; Farmer . Sec. 17 ; P. 0. Wales ; owns 137J acres, probable value $5,500 ; Mrs. Knapp was born Nov. 10, 1828, in Stafford, Genesee Co., N. Y. ; her father was William Hooker, of same place ; she wa'i married. May 9, 1849, to Levi Knapp, who was born in Vermont, Oct 31; 1798, and died Aug. 23, 1865, in Leaf River Township, Ogle Co. ; Mrs. Knapp came here in 1864, and settled on the place where she now resides ; she has four chUdren —Helen M., born Dec. 9, 1850 ; Mary J., AprU 22, 1852 ; John W., Jan. 5, 1855 ; and Eva M. July 10, 1857 ; Mrs. Knapp is a member of the M. E. Church. Knodle Emery, laborer; Sec. 21 ; P. 0. W Q 1 p Q KNODLE WESLEY, Tenant Parmer; Sec 17; P. 0. Wales; was born Oct 17, 1837, in Preble Co., Ohio ; his parents moved to Ogle Co. in 1840, where he lived until he enlisted in the War of the Rebellion, Aug. 13, 1862, in the 74th I. V. I. ; he was engaged in the batties of PerryviUe, Knob Gap, Stone River, Mission Ridge, Resaca, Lookout Mountain, Kenesaw Mountain, Peach Tree Creek, Franklin, Tenn., and in all of the engagements that his regiment parti cipated in, altogether about twenty-eight hard-fought battles ; he was twice slightly wounded, and was mustered out June 10, 1865, at NashvUle, Tenn.; he then returned to Ogle Co., and was married, March 23, 1870, to Ellen E., daughter of Daniel Poffenbarger, of this town ship ; she was born Dec. 1 3, 1849 ; they have four children — Charles W., Mary 746 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY': E., Ira P., and William A. ; Mr. Knodle is a Republican, and is School Director, having been elected, in April, 1877, to serve three years ; was Town Collector for one term. Koerner Theodore, laborer ; Seo. 25 ; P. 0. Wales. Kretsinger Ernest 0. S. 18; P. 0. Wales. Kretsinger Prank, farmer; S. 7; P.O.Wales. Kretsinger J. T. teacher ; Sec 18 ; P. 0. Wales. KRETSINGER LEWIS, Farmer ; Seo. 18 ; P. 0. Wales ; owns 311 acres, probable value $15,550 ; Mr. Kretsinger was born April 1, 1822, in Shenandoah Co., Va., and came to Ogle Co., in the Autumn of 1844, and settled in Pine Creek Township, where he lived three years ; he was married June 4, 1846, to Caroline, daughter of Jacob Zigler, of Leaf River Township ; she was born Oct. 16. 1823, in Washington Co., Md., they have eight children, whose names are Samuel C, Josiah T., Margaret C, Lewis P., Ernest 0., Milton B., Jennie C, and David E. ; they lost two children — Mary L., and Elmer L. ; Mr. K. is a carpenter by trade ; he served his apprenticeship in Maryland, and followed the business for about 12 years; he was one of the con tractors who built the first flour-mill in Pine Creek Township, in 1846-7 and owned by Hoffman & Hitt ; he is a Re publican, and was Road Commissioner three years. Supervisor three years. Road Master three years. School Di rector six years and is now School Trustee, having been elected in the Spring of 1877, to serve three years; he was also a Director of the Leaf River & Rockvale Insurance Co., and a member of the Executive Committee; he is a member of the Church of the United Brethren, and is also a Class Leader and Trustee of that Church ; Mrs. Kretsinger is a member of the M. E. Church. Kretsinger Samuel C. farmer. Sec 27 ; P. 0. Wales. Kretsinger Uriah, laborer. Sec. 12 ; P. 0. Wales. Kuntzleman Frank, thresher. Sec. 13;. P. 0. Wales. Kuntzleman Joel, renter. Sec. 11 ; P. 0. Wales. Kuntzelman Michael, farmer, Sec. 13 ; P. 0. Wales. LEARY THOMAS, farmer. Sec. 28 ; P. 0. Byron. LIGHT JOHN, Farmer, Sec. 36, Ridott Township, Stephenson County ; P. 0. Wales; owns 1,461 acres of land. Mr. L. was born July 17, 1812, in Lebanon Co., Pa., and when seventeen years old served his apprenticeship to the trade of weaving, and followed it for about five years. In 1836 he started across the country with a wagon to Ogle County, and arrived here in 1837 ; worked near Oregon at his trade until the Spring of 1838, when he came to Leaf River Township and settled. He built a log house, broke some land, worked for some of the neighboring farmers ; split 20,000 rails, and in 1844 opened a general store in tbe vUlage that now bears his name — LightsviUe. In March, 1845, he married Catherine. daughter of Michael Schucker, of Schuylkill Co., Pa. They have seven children — Dena, born March 2, 1846 ; Martin, May 23, 1847 ; John, Dec. 6, 1850; Catharine, May 19, 1854; Henry, March 17, 1857 ; Mary, June 15, 1860, and Joseph, March 24, 1862. Mr. L. was the first Postmaster in LightsviUe, and built the first school house (at his own expense) in that vil lage ; was School Director, Road Com missioner, and Road Master for many years. Mr. and Mrs. Light are mem bers of the Society of River Brethren. Mr. Light's great-grandfather, John Peter Light; came from Germany to Lebanon Co., Pa., Aug. 30, 1737. Mr. L. hauled grain many times to Chicago and Peru, and teamed to Galena and many other trading points to procure supplies for his store and customers. He now enjoys one of the most beautiful homes in the West, and all of his chil dren are provided for, and he and his wife find much enjoyment in making annual trips to their old home in Penn sylvania to see the friends of their youth. LIGHT MARTIN, Parmer, Sec. 19; P. 0. Wales; owns 160 acres; probable valuation, $8,000. Mr. Light was born May 23, 1847, in this town ship, and married Dec 26, 1868, to LEAF RIVER TOWNSHIP. 747 Harriet S., daughter of Henry Schrader, of Leaf River Township. Mrs. Light was born Sept. 20, 1846. They have three children — Cora A., John H., and Joseph F. Mr. L. is a Republican, and a memher of the Church of United Brethren, of which denomination Mrs. L, is also a member. Lizer Jeremiah, laborer. Sec. 26 ; P. 0. Wales. Long John. Lyons John, laborer ; P. 0. Wales. MCCORMICK ROBERT, harness maker, LightsvUle ; P. 0. Wales. McDonald John, farmer. Sec. 4 ; P. 0. Fountaindale, Winnebago Co. McDonald John Jr. farmer. Sec. 4 ; P. 0. Fountaindale. Mack A. H. farmer. Sec. 33 ; P. 0. Byron. Malone James Alfred, farmer. Sec 24 ; P. 0. Wales. Malone James, farmer, S. 24 ; P. 0. Wales. Marks Alfred, farmer, Sec 32-33 ; P. 0. Byron. MARKS HIRAM S. Farmer, Sec 32; P. 0. Wales; owns 100 acres; probable valuation, $4,500. Mr. M. was born April 3, 1820, in Orange Co., N. Y. ; moved to Monroe Co., N. Y., where he was married Oct. 5, 1848, to Ruth E., daughter of John Webster, of Monroe Co., N. Y. Mrs. M. was born Dec. 2, 1828, in the last named county. In November, 1848, he came to Ogle County, and lived in Rockvale Township for one year, and in December, 1849, settled in Leaf River Township, where he now resides. He has five children — Mary J., Emma G., WiUiam H., Hiram W., and Ida M. Mr. M. is a Republican, and was Justice of the Peace for two terms, Supervisor two consecutive terms. School Director for several years, and is a member of the Leaf River and Rockvale Fire Insur ance Company. Marks Robert, farmer ; S. 23 ; P.O. Byron. Marks WUliam, farm. ; S. 32 ; P.O. Wales. Motter Leonard, farmer; Sec. 15; P. 0. Wales. Moyer WUliam, renter ; Sec, 13; P. 0. Wales. Murphy, Thomas, farmer; Sec. 16; P. 0. Fountaindale. Meyers Henry P. farmer ; Sec 22 ; P. O. Wales. Marshall Daniel, farmer ; S. 8 ; P.O. Wales. Myers John, maU carrier, P. 0. Wales. Myers John S. farm. ; S. 10 ; P. 0. Wales. Myers Joseph, farm. ; S. 22 ; P. 0. Wales. NEWCOMER J. H. farmer ; Sec. 32 ; P. 0. Wales. NOWLEN STEPHEN H. Par mer ; Sec 5 ; P. 0. Wales ; owns 140 acres ; probable valuation, $7,400 ; Mr. Nowlen was born March 12, 1833, in Mentor, Lake Co., Ohio, and caine to Ogle Cj. Oct. 16, 1855 ; settled in Leaf River where he now resides ; he was twice married ; his first wife was Susan A. (daughter of Elias Champion, of Lynnville, Ogle Co.) to whom he was married in 1858 ; she was born in Can ada in 1840, and died in 1862 ; Mr. Nowlen was afterward married, Jan. 8, 1863, to M. Amelia, daughter of Henry Dever, of Byron Township ; Mrs. Now len was born Nov. 10, 1839, in Boone Co., Ind. ; they have two children, named Alice M. and Charles A. ; they lost two chUdren — Wilber S. and Mary W. ; Mr. Nowlen is a Republican, and was School Director for ten or twelve years, and Road Master for three terms ; he is a member of the M. E. Church, of which denomination Mrs. Nowlen is also a member. Nutting T. B. patent rights ; P. 0. Wales. PALMER JOHN B. farmer ; Sec. 30 ; P. 0. Wales. PALMER HENRY, Parmer and Stock Raiser; Sec. 30; P. 0. Wales; owns 231 acres land ; Mr. P. was born Oct. 19, 1824, in Washington Co., Md. ; came to Ogle Co. in Sept., 1845, and settled in Maryland Township, where he lived until the Spring of 1853 ; he was married Dec 14, 1848, to Lydia A., daughter of Jacob Beeler, of Maryland Township, Ogle Co. ; she was born Dec. 19, 1828 ; in the Spring of 1853 he came to this Township ; they have ten children — Abram F., Mary E., Emma S., John B., EUa K., Jacob D., Ann S. , Henry W., Nettie and Nora B. ; Mr. P. is a Republican, and was School Direc tor for twelve years ; he is also a mem ber of the " Leaf River and Rockvale Fire Ins. Co." PALMER WILLIAM L. Par mer; Sec 17 ; P. 0. Wales ; owns 400 acres of land ; Mr. Palmer was born 748 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY : Oct. 21, 1832, in Washington Co., Md. ; he came to Ogle Co. in 1849, and set tled in Mt. Morris Township, where he lived until 1865 ; moved thence to Leaf River Township, where he now resides ; he was married in Nov., 1859, to Catha rine, daughter of Wm. Hammond, of Washington Co., Md. ; Mrs. Palmer was bom March 14, 1838 ; they have eight children — William A., Ann E., Susan L., Sarah E., Mary K., Quim by E., Elseon L. and Lathrop H. ; Mr. Palmer is a Republican, and was School Director for about three years. Patterson James L. farmer ; Sec. 20 ; P.O. Wales. Patterson Robert, candy store ; P.O. Wales. Pipher Aaron, farmer ; Sec. 27 ; P. 0. Adeline. Piper Jacob, farmer; Sec 2; P. 0. Wales. Pipher Martin, laborer, LightsviUe, P. 0. W3 IPS PLUM JOHN C. Grocer and Farmer ; Sec. 15 ; P. 0. AdeUne, Maryland Town ship ; owns about 150 acres ; Mr. Plum was born June 22, 1831, in Franklin Co., Pa. ; came to Ogle Co. in 1857, and settled in Leaf River Township in 1S59 ; worked about twelve years at his trade of blacksmithing and rented his farm ; was married May 6, 1858, to Catharine, daughter of John E. Heller, of this township ; she was born May 5, 1839 ; they have six children — Mary E., born Oct 9, 1859 ; John H., Jan. 17, 1862 ; George G., Nov. 26, 1863 ; WiU- ' iam 0., Oct 13, 1868 ; Samuel, April 23, 1871; Jacob C, July 26, 1875; Mr. Plum is a Democrat, and is a mem ber of the German Reformed Church, and Mrs. P. is also a member of the same church ; Mr. Plum is running a general Grocery and Dry Goods store where the farmers of the surrounding country pro cure their supplies. Poffenbarger Daniel, laborer ; P. 0. Wales. Poffenbarger Joseph, laborer ; S. 19 ; P.O. Wales. Poffenbarger William, laborer ; Lights viUe ; P. 0. Wales. Powers James, blacksmith ; LightsviUe ; P 0 Wales. RAPP CEIARLES, farmer ; Sec 1; P. 0. Wales. Reber C. B. farmer ; S. 24 ; P. 0. Wales. Reber C. C. farmer ; S. 24 ; P. 0. Wales. Reber Henry, tax coUector and farmer ; Seo. 19 ; P. 0. Wales. Reber John, farmer; S. 19 ; P. 0. Wales. Reber Thomas, laborer ; Sec. 14 ; P. 0. Wales. Reiley James, farm.; S; 28 ; P. 0. Byron. ReUey Patrick, farm.; S. 32 ; P. 0. Wales. Rhinehart David, tenant farmer ; Seo. 18 ; P. 0. Wales. Rhinehart J. C. farmer ; Sec 25 ; P. 0. Wales. Rhinehart Josiah, farmer ; S. 12 ; P. 0. Wales. Rhinehart Wm. ; farmer; Sec. — ; P. 0. Wales. Rice John, farmer ; S. 11 ; P. 0. Wales. Ridgeway John W. Sr. ; farmer ; Sec. 13 ; P. 0. Wales. Ridgeway Jonathan W. laborer ; Sec. 6 ; P. 0. Pecatonica. Ridgeway Wm. ; thresher ; P. 0. Wales. ROBINSON JOHN C. Tenant Parmer ; Sec. 13 ; P. 0. Wales ; Mr. R. was born in Frederick Co., Md. Aug. 2, 1838, and was married Feb. 2, 1866, to Elizabeth, daughter of WUliam Henry, of Virginia ; Mrs. R. was born Oct. 15, 1846 ; they have six chUdren — Emma E., David A., WUUam H., Mary A., Bernard P., and Ellis ; during the war of the rebeUion, Mr. R. enlisted Aug. 10, 1863, in the 4th U. S. Col'd Inf, and was engaged in the battles of Petersburg, June 15 and July 30, 1864 ; also at Deep Bottom, Sept. 29, 1864, where he was severely wounded by a ball which passed through his left side ; he was honorably discharged Jan. 10, 1865, at Baltimore, Md. ; Mr. and Mrs. Robinson are members of the Metho dist Church. SIMPSON W. ROBINSON, farmer ; Sec. 21 ; P. 0. Byron. Schatzle Joseph, farmer ; Sec. 16; P.O. Wales. SchelUng Andrew, farmer ; Sec. 25 ; P. 0. Wales. SchelUng Henry, farmer ; Sec. 26 ; P. 0. Wales. Schrader Albert, farmer ; Sec. 28 ; P. 0. Wales. SCHRADER HENRY, Parmer; Sec 28 ; P. 0. Wales ; owns 85 acres ; Mr. S. was born Sept 8, 1817, in Wash ington Co., Md. ; in 1827 he left there, with his parents, and moved to Ohio, LEAF RIVER TOWNSHIP. 749 where he lived until 1835 ; thence to Indiana, where he lived until 1841, when he came to Ogle Co., and settled in Leaf River Tp. ; was married Oct. 2, 1842, to Mahalia, daughter of David Her, of Leaf River Tp. ; she was born Aug. 2, 1821, in Washington Co., Md. ; they have five children- — Thomas J., born Aug. 2, 1844, Harriets., Sept. 20, 1846, Franklin A., July 21, 1850, Albert, April 20, 1854, and George U. Nov. 25, 1860; Mr. Schrader is a Democrat, and was School Director for three years, and Road Master two years ; he is a member of the Christian Church, of which denomination Mrs. Schrader is also a member. Schrader Frank, farmer ; Sec. 28 ; P. 0. Schrader John H. farmer. Sec. 12 ; P. 0. Wales. Schrader Samuel N. farmer, Sec. 11 ; P. 0. Wales. Schreiber Andrew, farmer, Sec. 27 ; P. 0. Schreiber A. E. farm., S. 1 ; P. 0. Wales. Schreiber Christian, farmer. Sec. 1 ; P. 0. Wales. Schreiber George, farmer. Sec. 27 ; P. 0. Wales. Schreiber Jacob N. farmer, Sec. 11 ; P. 0. Wales. SCHREIBER JOHN M. Tenant Parmer, Sec 20 ; P. 0. Wales ; was born Dec. 6, 1840, in SchuylkiU Co., Pa. ; came to Ogle County Feb. 10, 1865, and worked for three years in Maryland Township. He was married Nov. 17, 1867, to Lucinda, daughter of George Myers, of Maryland Township ; she was born Jan. 1, 1853. They have four children — Mina J., born April 23, 1871 ; Charles M., Jan. 14, 1873 ; Jo seph E., July 19, 1874, and Amos C, Jan. 30, 1876. Mr. S. is a Democrat, and was School Director for two years ; is also a member of the Lutheran Church. Schreider Rudolph, farmer, Sec 2 ; P. 0. Wales. Schucker David, farmer. Sec. 14 ; P. 0' SCOVILL HIRAM N. Farmer, S. 16; P. 0. Byron; owns 225 acres; probable valuation, $15,750. Mr. S. was born Dec 20, 1827, in Camden, N. Y. ; came to Ogle County, Oct. 21, 1849, and in 1850 bought the farm he now resides on in Leaf River Township; was married AprU 14, 1852, to Eliza A., daughter of Mr. R. Preston, of Camden, N. Y. She was born Feb. 27, 1828, and died Oct 1, 1876. They had two children, one of whom, Luella, deceased Oct. 30, 1862 ; the other, a son, WiU iam P., born Dec 29, 1852, was married Sept. 29, 1875, to T. Josephine, daughter of John Thompson, of Payne's Point, Ogle County ; she was born Oct. 10, 1855, and is a member of the Lutheran Church. Mr. ScovUl was married to his present wife Nov. 8, 1877. She was Pamela M. Shaw, daughter of Jesse Shaw, of Rochester, Minn. Mrs. S. was bom Oct. 3, 1833, in Oneida Co., N. Y., and is a member of the M. E. Church. Mr. S. is a Republican, and is Township Trustee ; was Town Com missioner six years, and School Director for twelve years. ScoviU Wm. P. farm., S. 16 ; P. 0. Byron. Seitz Franklin, tenant farmer. Sec. 32 ; P. 0 Wales. Shaw John, laborer, S. 14 ; P. 0. Wales. Simpson William, carpenter. Sec 1 1 ; P. 0. Wales. SMITH JOHN L. Farmer, Sec. 20 ; P. 0. Wales ; owns 205 acres of land. Mr. Smith was born April 2, 1832, in Washington Co., Md., and with his parents moved to this county in 1839, and in the Autumn of that year settled in this township. He was mar ried Oct 3, 1854, to Susan A., daughter of Jacob Myers of this township. She was born Jan. 15, 1836. They have four chUdren — Harriet C, born Nov. 8, 1859 ; Lydia H., Nov. 6, 1862; George E., Jan. 22, 1868 ; and Jacob M., July 4, 1873. Mr. Smith is a Republican, and was School Director for six or seven years. He and his wife are members of the North Grove Christian Church. Speaker Noah, farm., S. 12 ; P. 0. Wales. Speaker Wm. T. physician and surgeon. Sec 12 ; P. 0. Wales. Speck Fred. E. laborer, Sec. 26 ; P. 0. Adeline. Steveson B. F. farmer. Sec. 16 ; P. 0. Wales. Stotler William, renter. Sec. 1 ; P. 0. Wales. 750 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY: Stofford James, laborer ; P. 0. Wales. Strickland Wm. J. renter. Sec. 5 ; P. 0. Pountaindale. Strouse David, carpenter ; P. 0. Wales. Strouse Jacob, carpenter ; P. 0. Wales. Swjngley Michael, farm.; S. 15; P.O.Wales. THOMAS ELIAS, farm. ; Sec 35 ; P. 0. Wales. THOMSON DAVID, Farmer; Sec 5 ; P. 0. Fountaindale, Winnebago Co. ; owns 150 acres, probable valuation $7,500 ; Mr. Thomson was born Jan. 8, 1829, in Johnston, Lenfrewshire, Soot- land, and came to the United States, arriv ing in N. Y. City in 1848 ; he went direct to Troy, N. Y., where he lived until 1852, thence to California, where he re sided until 1862 and returned to N. Y. City, but immediately bent his course West to Leaf River Township in Ogle Co., and purchased the farm he now re sides on ; he was married Feb. 20, 1863 to Mary, daughter of John Ballagh of Brooklyn, N. Y. ; Mrs. Thomson was born Feb. 10, 1842 ; they have eight children — William, Jane E., Buphema St. C, John B., Stewart C, Mary B., David A., and Martha A. ; Mr. Thom son is a Rep., and is a School Director ; Mr. and Mrs. Thomson are members of the Middle Creek Presbyterian Church. Tracy Noyes, renter ; Sec. 6 ; P, 0. Pecatonica. TRINE, OTHO J. Farmer; Sec. 2 ; P. 0. Wales ; owns 40 acres ; Mr. Trime.was born Jan. 24, 1838 in Wash ington Co., Md. ; came to Ogle Co, in 1847, and settled in Leaf River Town ship ; was married July 1, 1860, to Lousia, daughter of John H. Johnston of this township ; she was born July 21, 1841 ; they have five children — Mary E., born Jan. 20, 1862 ; Martha A., July 11, 1865 ; Oron H., July 4, 1867 ; Elizabeth M., May 20, 1870 ; Ruanna, Sept. 26, 1875 ; Mr. Trime is a Rep., and enlisted August 13, 1862, in Co. B, 74th 111. Vol. Inf ; was engaged in the battles of Chattanooga, Stone River, Chickamauga, Liberty Gap and Mission Ridge ; at Niles Ferry, on the 22d of Feb., 1864, was taken prisoner by the rebels and sent to Richmond, Va. ; was confined in Pemberton Prison for twenty months, at Belle Isle one month, and for three months nursed the Union sick and wounded in Richmond ; was paroled August 22, 1864, and returned to his home in Leaf River Township ; rejoined his regiment at Huntsville, Alabama, in Feb. 1865, and was mustered out, having been honorably discharged June 10. 1865, at NashvUle, Tenn. Twigg Henry, laborer; S. 2 ; P. 0. Wales. Twigg John, laborer ; S. 14 ; P. 0. Wales. YAN HAVE JOHN, renter ; Sec. 6 ; P. 0. Wales. WAGNER JOSEPH, farm. ; Sec 35 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. WAGNER HORATIO, Farmer; Sec. 21 ; P. 0. Wales ; owns 84 acres land ; Mr. Wagner was born Jan. 29, 1831, in Washington Co., Md., and came with his parents to this county, and settled in Leaf River Township in 1838 ; he was married April 14, 1859, to Elizabeth, daughter of Jacob WUlier of Leaf River Township ; she was born in Dauphin Co., Penn., Nov. 15, 1840 ; they have six children — Laura A., born Nov. 1, 1860; WiUiam H., March 28, 1863; Lydia J., Jan. 14, 1866; Jacob, March 3, 1868; Irwin P., May 23, 1873, and Newton E. Sept 9, 1875 ; Mr. Wagner is a Rep., and is School Du'ector, which position he has held for nine years ; he and his wife are members ofthe Christian Church. Wakenight Daniel, farm. ; Seo. 23 ; P. 0. WALKER SA3IUEL, Farmer; Sec. 13 ; P. 0. Wales ; was born July 4, 1843, in Crawford Co., Penn. ; came "West to Illinois and lived in KendaU Co. from 1856 to 1869, excepting the time he was in the Union army ; he en listed Dec. 29, 1863, m the 4th IU. Vol. Cav., and was engaged in scouting and on garrison duty at different points on the Mississippi River ; he was mustered out of service, having been honorably discharged. May 39, 1866, at Houston, Texas, and returned to his home in Ken daU Co., IU., and in 1869 he came to Leaf River Township, where he was married Jan. 1, 1871 to Lydia A., daugh ter of Jacob Willier, of Leaf River Town ship ; she was born AprU 22, 1849; they have two chUdren — Oscar R., born July 2, 1872, and Nora L., June 9, 1875 ; Mr. Walker is a Republican in politics. LEAF RIVER TOWNSHIP. 751 WEBB JOHN G, Parmer; Sec 21; P. 0. Byron ; owns 120 acres land; Mr. Webb was born June 4, 1811, in Wool wich, England, and with his parents, emi grated to Newville, Stanstead, Canada, in 1827 ; Mr. Webb took au active part for the government in the McKenzie war; was married July 7, 1838, to Jeannette, daughter of Alexander Brodie of Gline's Corner, Canada ; she was born August 27, 1817 ; they have five chil dren — Jeannette J., born Sept. 28, 1841; Edward W., AprU 5, 1846; George A., AprU 24, 1848 ; Florence E., Sept 8, 1857, and Charles H., Feb. 7, 1860 ; they lost eight children — James, Margaret, Mary, Lousia, Mary A., Nancy, John M., and Emily ; Mr. Webb came to the United States, arriv ing in Milwaukee, Wis., in 1846, where he foUowed draying until 1850, when he came to Ogle and settled in Leaf River Township ; he is a Rep., and en hsted in the 8th IU. Vol. Cav., Sept 16, 1861 ; was engaged in the battles of WUliamsburg, Hanover Court House, and in aU the battles his regiment took part in until he was honorably discharged on account of disability, Sept. 16, 1862; he was School Director six years and Road Master three years ; is a member of the Congregational Church, and Mrs. Webb is a member of the Presbyterian Church ; Mr. Webb's son Edward W. (who is now in lowar), enlisted August 14, 1862, and served three years in the 92d IU. Vol. Inf., was mustered out at Chicago in July, 1865. WEST AMASA B, Farmer ; Sec. 36 ; P. 0. Wales ; owns 200 acres land; Mr West was born Dec. 28, 1827, in Rush, Monroe Co., N. Y., where he fol lowed the business of farming ; was mar ried August 30, 1850, to Emily, daugh ter of Nathaniel Randall of Rensselaer Co., N. Y. ; Mrs. West was born Feb. 9, 1830 ; came to Ogle Co., and settled in Leaf River Township in Oct., 1855 ; they have six children — Milan P., born June 6, 1851 ; Milton B., Nov. 25, 1854 ; Byron D., Sept 24, 1856 ; John A., Feb. 24, 1868 ; Prank, May 24, 1870, and Howard McF., Sept 12, 1875 ; they lost one child, who died in infancy ; Mr. West is Rep., and was School Director for about twelve years, and Road Commissioner for one term ; he is a member of the M. E. Church, of which denomination Mrs. West is also a member. West Milton B. school teacher; Sec 25 ; P. 0. Wales. WEST McFARLEN J. Parmer and Stock Raiser ; Sec. 36 ; P.O. Wales; Mr. West was born Jan. 24, 1835, in Rush, Monroe Co., N. Y.; he came to Ogle Co. in 1854, and bought the farm where he now lives ; went back to Monroe Co., N. Y., and lived there until 1856, when he returned to Leaf River Tp.; was married May 7, 1863, to Margaret E., daughter of Henry R. Waggoner, of Rockvale Tp., Ogle Co.; she was born June 14,1835 ; they have six children, two of whom are adopted, viz.: Frederick D. (son of Henry and Jane A. Downer, of Leaf River Tp.), born Oct 12, 1873; and Ellen J. Burser, born Oct. 22, 1855 ; their own children are Henry S., born Oct. 1, 1866 ; Elsie E., March 17, 1869 ; WUber M., Oct 10, 1871 ; George A., June 27, 1874 ; they lost one child, a girl, who died in infancy ; Mr. W. has some very valuable thorough bred cattle and hogs, and intends devoting a goodly share of attention to this business, so that Ogle Co. may look for some valu able results from his labor ; he is a Re publican ; was School Trustee for five years, and School Director three years ; Mr. and Mrs. West are members of the M. E. Church. White Robert, farmer; Sec. 30; P. 0. Wales. Williams Charles, farmer ; Sec. 8 ; P. 0. Wales. Williams Ephraim, Sec. 8 ; P. 0. Wales. Williams George, farmer ; Sec. 6 ; P. 0. Wales. Williams Samuel H. farmer ; Sec. 5 ; P. O. Wales. WILLIER JAMES, Farmer; Sec. 24 ; P. 0. Wales ; owns 45 acres of land ; probable valuation, $3,000 ; Mr. W. was born Nov. 3, 1836, in Dauphine Co., Pa.; came to Ogle Co. and settled in Leaf River in April, 1854 ; was mar ried Sept. 16, 1856, to Luzetta, daugh ter of John C. Fossler, of Maryland Tp., Ogle Co.; she was born Jan. 22, 1840; they have five chUdren — Gelindia 752 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY : 0., Sarah J., Carrie L., Cecelia E., and Orpha D.; Mr. W. is a Republican ; in the was of the rebellion, he enlisted Dec. 16, 1863, in the 4th I. V. C, and did duty through Tennessee, Missis sippi, Louisiana, Arkansas and Texas ; in the Summer of 1865, his regiment was consolidated with the 12th I. V. C, at Alexandria, La.; on the 29th of May, 1866, he was honorably dis charged at Houston, Texas, and re turned to his home in Leaf River Tp., April 18, 1870 ; he was elected Justice of the Peace for four years ; was Town Constable eight years. Town Collector two years, and Road Commissioner three years. Willoughby John B. laborer ; Seo. 5 ; P. 0. Wales. WUls David J. farmer ; Sec 13 ; P. 0. Wales. WUson Andrew, stone mason ; Sec. 14 ; P. 0. Wales. W^ilson David, farmer ; Sec. 25 ; P. 0. Wales. WUson Jas. K. teacher ; Sec. 23 ; P. 0. Wales. Wilson Joseph, blacksmith ; LightsviUe ; P. 0. Wales WILSON WALTER, Parmer; Sec. 29; P. O.Wales; owns 82^ acres; Mr. WUson was born Dec. 22, 1822, in Washington Co., Md.; he came to Ogle Co. in 1841 to see the country, and about six months after returned to his native county, where he remained for three years, and then returned to Mt. Morris, in this county, where he lived for six years ; went to California in 1850, and lived there five years, when he retumed to Mt. Morris ; he was mar ried April 9, 1857, to Amelia, daughter of John Palmer, of Mt. Morris ; she was horn June 26, 1835 ; they have eight children — Elizabeth, John, Anna, Eddie, Grace, Jennie, Frank and Maude; lost one child — William ; Mr. W. is Independent in politics ; he is School Director — which position he held one term ; Mrs. Wilson is a member of the Church of United Brethren. Wood Ed. laborer ; Sec 5 ; P. 0. Wales. Wright Henry, farmer ; Sec 9 ; P. 0. Fountaindale. Wright Roberts, farmer ; Sec. 9 ; P. 0. Pountaindale. ZIMMERMAN HENRY, laborer ; Sec. 14 ; P. 0. Wales. Zimmerman John, farmer ; Sec. 14 ; P. 0. Wales. Zimmerman Wash, laborer; Sec. 14; P. 0. Wales. ROCKVALE TOWNSHIP. 753 ROCKVALE TOWNSHIP. ALLEN JOHN, Tenant Farmer; Sec 22 ; P. 0. Oregon ; Mr. Allen was born Feb. 16, 1848, in Lynn, Mass., and came to Ogle Co. in 1863 ; he re sided at Payne's Point for about two years, and in the Spring of 1865 he moved to Rockvale, where he has since resided; he was married Feb. 20, 1871, to Alzina, daughter of A. J. Waite, of Rockvale ; Mrs. Allen was bom July 11, 1849, in Washington Co., N. Y. ; they have two chUdren — Herbert L., born Dec 15, 1871, and Claude W., born May 12, 1875 ; Mr. Allen is a Republican, and was Road Master for one term ; he is now serving his second tei'm as Township Collector. Anderson Charles, farmer ; Sec 23 ; P. 0. Oregon. Austin Thomas, farmer ; Sec. 15 ; P. 0. Oregon. AUSTIN THEODORE, Parmer; Sec. 10; P. 0. Oregon; owns 360 acres probable valuation, $18,000 ; Mr. Austin was born May 1, 1809, in Sulli van Co., N. Y., and was married Aug. 13, 1826, to Mary, daughter of Elias D. Kent, of Tompkins Co., N. Y. ; Mrs. Austin was born Sept. 25, 1807, in Brooklyn, N. Y. ; they have six chil dren — named Mary E., born March 28, 1829, Margaret M., March 20, 1833, Henry C, AprU 22, 1838, Adeline, July 17, 1840, Alice, Jan. 30, 1843, and Thomas C, March 25, 1847 ; they lost six chUdren — Albert A., Ann Eliza, Bruson B., Adeline, Byron, and Edward B. ; Mr. Austin came to Ogle Co. in 1840, and purchased the farm he now resides on, and in 1842 he brought his family to Rockvale, and settled here ; he is a Republican, and was School Trus tee three or four years, School Director fifteen years. Road Commissioner two years, and Road Master nine or ten terms ; he was appointed by the Ogle Co. Agricultural Society to purchase the fair ground, and was one of the com mittee who attended to the fencing of it ; he is also a life member of that Society. BAKER ALVIN E. ; Sec 14 ; P. 0. Oregon. Baker Andrew J. farmer ; S. 11 ; P. 0. Byron. Baker Solomon, farmer ; Sec. 13 ; P. 0. Oregon. Beard John, farmer ; S. 17 ; P. 0. Rock vale. BEARD MARTIN, Farmer ; Sec. 17 ; P. 0. Rockvale ; owns 125 acres land ; probable valuation, $5,000 ; Mr. Beard was born Nov. 25, 1830, in Washington Co., Md., and came to Ogle Co. in 1845, and went thence to Lee Co., where he lived two years, and re turned to Ogle Co. in 1847, and settled in Rockvale ; he was married Sept. 3, 1868, to Elizabeth, daughter of Augus tus Bauba, of Rockvale ; Mrs. Beard was born Sept. 3, 1847 ; they have three children — named David, Elsie, and Charlotte ; Mr. Beard is a Repub lican, and was Road Master for two years, and School Director for three years. Bergschmidt Frederick, farmer ; Sec 24 ; P. 0. Oregon. Bergesmith Hiram, farmer ; Seo. 24 ; P.O. Oregon. BETZ GEORGE J. Farmer; Sees. 7 and 8 ; P. 0. Oregon ; owns 160 acres ; probable valuation, $3,000 ; he was Ijom in Wurtemburg, Germany, Feb. 22. 1833, and saUed for the United States Dec. 14, 1853, arriving in New York city Jan. 18, 1854 ; he lived in the State of New York two years, and moved thence to Pennsylvania, and then to Whiteside Co., Ills., where he resided until 1866, when he came to Rockvale, the place where he resides being known as " Bald HiU ;" was married March 9, 1869, to Mary T., daughter of Prank J. Schneider, of Rockvale ; Mrs. B. was born Nov. 4, 1846, in Oregon Tp., Ogle Co. ; Mr. B. is a Republican, and was Road Master one or two terms ; he is also a member ofthe Lutheran Church, and Mrs. B. is a member of the Catholic Church. Bickford Wm. farmer ; Sec. 11 ; P. 0. Byron. Blanchard Amos, P. 0. Oregon. . Boyce A. S. P. 0. Oregon. 754 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY : BINKLEY F. T. Tenant Farmer; Sec. 27 ; P. 0. Oregon ; Mr. B; was born Sept 11, 1849, in FrankUn Co., Pa.; in October, 1870, he came to Ogle Co., and settled in Rockvale April 1, 1875 ; was married, March 19, 1875, to Mary A., daughter of Michael Zellers, of Rockvale ; Mrs. B. was born March 14, 1853, in Washington Co. Md.; they have one child — Pearl G., born May 13, 1876 ; Mr. B. is a Democrat Boyce Hiram, P. 0. Oregon. Boyce J. N. farmer; Sec. 23; P. 0. Oregon. Buyce Sidney, farmer; Sec. 25; P. 0. Or egon. Bross John, tenant farmer ; Sec. 36 ; P. 0. Oregon. r -1 AHNODE WILLIAM, laborer ; Sec. \J 7 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Caliban Edward, farmer ; Sec. 26 ; P. 0. Oregon. Caliban Jacob, lab.; Sec. 26; P. 0. Oregon. Caliban John, farmer ; Sec. 26 ; P. 0. Oregon. Caliban Lloyd, lab.; Sec. 26; P. 0. Oregon. Caliban Wm. L. farmer ; Sec. 26 ; P. 0. Oregon. Claney Stephen, farmer ; Sec. 9 ; P. 0. Rockvale. Cole H. B. tenant farmer; Sec. 33 ; P. 0. Oregon. Conover G. S. farmer; Section 1 ; P. 0. Byron. Cook Prank H. farmer ; P. 0. Oregon. Cooper Prank, lab.; Sec. 16 ; P. 0. Oregon. Cooper PhUip, laborer ; Sec. 9 ; P. 0. Rockville. COVERLY THOMAS E. Parm er ; Sec 14 ; P. 0. Byron ; owns 120 acres of land, probable valuation, $4,800; Mr. C. was born Nov. 21, 1833, in Can ada, and came to Ogle Co. in March, 1859, and settled in Byron, where he lived untU the FaU of 1865, when he went to Floyd Co., Ia., and lived there for sixteen months, and then returned to Byron, where he resided until March, 1876, when he removed to Rockvale, where he now resides ; he was married. Sept 18th, 1860, to Cordelia A., daugh ter of Moses Coolbaugh, of Byron Tp., Ogle Co.; she was born March 9th, 1841, in Bradford Co., Pa.; they have seven children — Charles M., George E., Lester and Lettie C. (twins), Hattie M., WUlie M. and Goldie M.; Mr. Coverly enlisted in the war of the rebellion in Oct, 1864, with the 48th I. V. I., and was honorably discharged July 13th, 1865; he is a Republican, and was Road Master in Byron Township for three years ; Mr. and Mrs. Coverly are both members of M. E. Church. Coy Frederick, laborer; Sec. 16; P.O. Oregon. CROCKET DAVID, Parmer; Sec. 4 ; P. 0. Rockvale ; owns 50 acres of land, probable valuation, $2,000 ; Mr. C. was born in 1801, in Kinkardine- shire, Scotland, and emigrated to the U. S. in 1847 ; arriving in New York City, he traveled via Buffalo, around the Lakes to Chicago ; thence to Winnebago Co., 111., where he lived about nine years; in 1856, he moved to Rockvale, where he now resides ; he was married " in 1839, to Margaret, daughter of Geo. fiutcheon, of Brechin, Scotland ; they have one child — Ann, born Oct. 30, 1849 ; Mr. C. is a Republican. Crouch Jas. H. farmer, S. 2 ; P. 0. Byron. DEXTER HORACE, farmer. Sec. 10 ; P. 0. Rockvale. DAVIS L. W. Farmer, Sec' 10 ; P. 0. Rockvale ; holds in trust for the heirs of Ambrose Morton 80 acres; probable valuation, $1,600. Mr. D. was born Sept. 4, 1823, in Washington Co., Md. ; came West to Ogle Co., DL, in September, 1845, and married Eliza beth Toms, daughter of Abraham Toms, of Mt. Morris, Ogle Co., 111. There are four children, whose names are- Mary C, Martha W., Elizabeth S., and Ida A. Mr. D. is Independent in poli tics, and his wife is an active member of the Society of Dunkards. Dolan B. D. farmer, S. 25 ; P. 0. Oregon. EHMAN HENRY, farmer. Sec 36 ; P. 0. Oregon. Ehman John, Sec. 36 ; P. 0. Oregon. Erxleben Charles A., farmer. Sec. 23 ; P. 0. Oregon. ESHBAUGH ENOCH, Farmer, Sec. 35 ; P. 0. Oregon ; born Sept. 22, 1816, in Turbut Township, Northum berland Co., Pa., and was married Feb. 17, 1842, to Susannah, daughter of George Ritter, of same county. Mrs. Eshbaugh was born Feb. 8, 1821. They have five children, whose names are — Solomon A., born March 1, 1845 ; ROCKVALE TOWNSHIP. 755 Mary S., Oct 1, 1847 ; Jennie S., March 16, 1853; Susan E, Sept 19, 1862; and Carrie M., Nov. 16, 1867. They lost three children — Aaron P., born Jan. 14, 1843, died Aug. 16, 1864, from typhoid fever, brought on by wounds received at Baltimore Heights, when in the army; Nancy C, born March 25, 1850, died May 1, 1853; and Enoch E., born July 25, 1858, and died Sept 2, 1864. Mr. E. enlisted in the 95th N. Y. V. L, Oct 1, 1861, as a private, and for gallantry and merito rious conduct was promoted until he ob tained a captaincy. He was engaged at the battle of Bull's Run, where his regi ment was reduced from 1,015 to 90 men, and they were afterward trans fered to the 105th N. Y. V. I. He was honorably discharged after the battle. He came to Ogle County, June 2, 1868, and settled in Pine Rock Township, where he lived until 1876, and then moved to Rockvale. He is a Republi can, and was Road Master for six years. School Trustee four years. Town Com missioner two years, and Trustee of Town School Fund for four years in Pine Rock. Mr. and Mrs. Eshbaugh are members of the M. E. Church. IriSHER ADAM, farmer. Sec. 24 ; P. J 0. Oregon. Fisher George, farmer. Sec. 24 ; P. 0. Oregon . Fletcher Joseph, farmer, Seo. 23 ; P. 0. Oregon. Fletcher Wesley, farmer, Sec. 23 ; P. 0. Oregon. FoUett Charles, farmer, S. 1 ; P. 0. Byron. Foley Edmond, farmer. Sec. 34; P. 0. Oregon. FOLSOM JOHN C. Farmer, Sec. 25 ; P. 0. Oregon ; owns 80 acres ; probable valuation, $4,000. Mr. Fol som was born March 29, 1819, in Graf ton Co.. N. H. He crime to Ogle County in 1836, and lived in Maryland Township for three years. He theo moved to Winnebago County, where he lived until 1851, when he went to Iowa, and returned to Winnebago County in October, 1852. He was married Nov. 14, 1852, to Laura M., daughter of John Russell, of Winnebago County, and then went back to Iowa, and lived there until January, 1866, when he came to Ogle County and settled in Rockvale in November, 1866. Mrs. Fol som was born Sept. 25, 1834, in Peoria, 111. They had five chUdren — Fred. A., born Sept. 13, 1853, died July 5, 1871. Those living are — Minnie C., born Nov. 22, 1854; Adelbert E.. May 6, 1859; -Francis C, Sept 6, 1870; and Willie A., Nov. 14, 1872. Mr. Folsom is a Republican, and is School Director, which position he has filled for eleven consecutive years, and was Over seer of Highways for three terms. He is a member of the M. E. Church. FOOTE DAVID L. Farmer; Sec. .35 ; P. 0. Oregon ; owns 40 acres in Rockvale, and 5 acres at Payne's Point, Ogle Co., probable valuation $1,600 ; Mr. Foote was bom Oct. 10th, 1829, in State of New York ; in 1854 he came to Ogle Co., and se'tled in Rockvale; during the late war he enlisted in the 11th Iowa Infantry, Sept. 10, 1861, and did service in Missouri at Vicksburg, and through Tennessee, and before Atlanta ; he was honorably discharged Oct. 27, 1864, at Chattanooga, Tenn., and returned to Benton Co., Ia.; he was married, Oct. 7, 1867, to Polly, daugh ter of Jacob Frane, of Rockvale ; she was born Feb. 5, 1829 ; Mrs. Foote's father (Jacob Frane) came to this county in 1851, from Pennsylvaniai; he was born 1806 ; her brother, Lieut. John Frane, of the 39th I. V. I., was killed at Ft. Fisher, Aug. 16th, 1864, aged 26 years, 5 months and 4 days ; Mr. Foote has two children — Frank "W., born Nov. 12, 1868, and Milton H., July 5, 1871 ; he is a Republican, and was School Director in Iowa for one term ; Mrs. Foote is a member of the M. E. Church. FOREST, MAHLON, Farmer; Seo. 5; P. 0. Wales; owns 115 acres of land, probable valuation, $5,800 ; Mr. F. was born Jan. 5, 1831, in Frederick Co., Md.; he was married Nov. 5, 1857, to Elizabeth, daughter of John Miller, of Washington Co., Md. ; Mrs. P. was born July 4, 1833 ; in the Spring of 1864, Mr. F. and famUy came to Ogle Co., and lived in Maryland Tp. for one year, and then removed lo Rockvale, where he now resides ; he had seven children, one of whom (Ida C.) died in 756 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY : , Maryland; those living are — Estella V., Esther A., Arpha E., Mary P]., David S. and Samuel 0.; Mr. F. is a Republi can, and has been Path Master for one term. Porton WiUiam, lab. ; S. 13 ; P. 0. Oregon. FRIDLEY ANDREW & DAVID, Farmers ; Sec. 31 ; P. 0. Oregon ; these gentlemen are twins ; own in common 200 acres ; probable valuation, $6,000 ; they were born in Rockvale, June 22, 1840 ; their father, John Fridley (deceased), and their mother, whose maiden name was Nancy, daughter of Peter Hoover, near Shep- ardstown, Va. (and now in her seventy- third year), came to Rockvale in August, 1838 ; Andrew was married April 7, 1870, to Amanda, daughter of John A. Wagner, of Rockvale ; Mrs. Andrew Wagner was born May 27, 1848, in this township; both of the brothers are Independent in politics ; are members of the Society of Dunkards; Mrs. Andrew Wagner is a member of the same church ; David Fridley en listed in the war of the rebellion with the 74th I. V. I., March 4, 1862, and was engaged in the battles of Crab Orchard, Murfreesboro, Stone River, Mission Ridge, Dallas, Atlanta and Franklin, Tenn.; at the battle of Dallas he received a bullet in his left shoulder, which disabled him for about two months, when he returned to his regiment, and continued with it until the close of the war ; was mustered out June 28, 1865, in the city of Chicago ; returned to his home in Rockvale, where he has since followed his occupation of farmer. FROST ARVEY, Parmer; Sec. 23 ; P. 0. Oregon ; owns 135 acres ; probable valuation, $4,725 ; Mr. Frost was born AprU 11, 1831, in Morrow Co., Ohio ; came to Ogle Co. in Feb., 1855, and settled in Rockvale, where he now resides ; he was married June 29, 1855, to Hannah J., daughter of Alvin MoMaster, of Rockvale ; Mrs. Frost was born in Oct., 1839, in Morrow Co., Ohio ; they have two children — Glad ness M., born Jan. 26, 1870 ; Cora B., Aug. 15, 1875 ; Mr. Frost is a Repub lican ; he was Path Master for one term ; he is now serving his third year as School Director. Fry Emanuel H. tenant farmer ; Sec. 36 ; P. 0. Oregon. FULLER MAHLON T. Farmer; Sec. 28 ; P. 0. Oregon ; owns 144.86 acres ; probable valuation, $4,345 ; Mr. Fuller was born Nov. 25, 1840, in Washington Grove, Ogle Co. ; his par ents, Charles and Matilda Fuller, came to Ogle Co. in 1839 ; Mr. P. was mar ried Dec. 1, 1866, to Alice E., daughter of Theodore Austin, of Rockvale ; she was born Jan. 30, 1843 ; they have one child— Guy H., born Oct. 6, 1875 ; Mr. Puller enlisted with the 39th I. V. I. Sept. 21, 1861, in the war of the re bellion ; he was engaged in the battles of Winchester, siege of Morris Island, Darby town Road, Drury's Bluff, Port Gregg, Petersburg, Fort Wagner, Ber muda Hundreds, and in all of the lesser engagements his regiment participated in ; at Bermuda Hundreds he was slightly wounded in the left leg, but wasn't deterred from duty very long ; he was promoted Corporal April 1, 1865, and was mustered out Dec 6, 1865, at Norfolk, Va., when he returned to Rock vale ; he is a Republican, and is Path Ma,ster, now serving his second term ; he is also a member of the Baptist Church, of which denomination his wife and mother are members. Puller Thos. A. J. farmer ; Sec. 26 ; P. 0. Oregon. GARNER JOHN D., tenant farmer; Sec. 4 ; P. 0. Byron. GOOD JACOB, Parmer; Sec 16; P. 0. Oregon ; owns 200 acres in Sec. 16, 25 acres in Sec. 5, and 5 acres in Sec 32 ; probable valuation, $10,000 ; Mr. G. was born Jan. 3, 1821, in Frank lin Co., Pa., and was married Feb. 28, 1847, to Elizabeth A., daughter of Christian Plum, of Franklin Co., Pa. ; moved to Ogle Co., IU., June 20, 1853; he has five children — whose names are Jacob P., Samuel v., Annie A., Martha M., and Clara M. ; Mr. G. has been School Director thirteen years. School Trustee for three years, Road Commis sioner nine years, and is now serving in his fourth consecutive term as Supervis or, having been elected to and serving in same position (Supervisor) for four years, from 1869 to 1872, both years inclusive. ROCKVALE TOWNSHIP. 757 Gitchell Wm. H. laborer ; Sec. 4 ; P. 0. Rockvale. Green Daniel T. farmer ; Sec. 15 ; P. 0. Oregon. Griswold George, farmer ; Sec. 32 ; P. 0. Oregon. Griswold Wm. M. farmer; Sec. 29 ; P. 0. Oregon. HART PETER, farmer ; Sec. 13; P. 0. Oregon. HANLY PATRICK, Farmer; Sec. 17 ; P. 0. Oregon ; owns 300 acres of land, probable valuation, $16,500 ; Mr. H. was born Feb. 25, 1825, in Bel fast, Ireland ; arrived in New York City June 26, 1845, and came via Buffalo, around the Lakes to Chicago ; thence to Oregon, Ogle Co., where he arrived July 14, 1845, and worked for Joseph Wagner until 1857, when he settled in Rockvale, where he now resides ; he was married March 19th, 1863, to Mary A., daughter of Edward and Margaret Mal lory, of Ogle Co.; Mrs. H. was born Oct 29, 1844 ; they have seven chil dren — George E., WUliam S., Olive E., Henry B., John H. Mary E., and Mar garet I. ; Mr. H. is a Republican, and was Path Master one term, and School Director for three years. Hastings John S. Sec. 1; P. 0. Byron. Hewett A. J. farmer; Sec. 9 ; P. 0. Rock vale. HiU David H. farmer ; Sec. 31 ; P. 0. Oregon. HOLLAND ARTHUR, Parmei ; Sec. 35 ; owns 55 acres land, probable valuation $1,925 ; Mr. Holland was bom in 1829 in Westport, Co. Mayo, Ireland, and emigrated to the United States, arriving in N. Y. City in July 1851 ; Mr. Holland was married Aug. 7, 1857, to Ann, daughter of Terence Parley, of County Meath, Ireland ; Mrs. HoUand was born Dec. 18, 1836 ; in 1857 Mr. Holland came to Ogle Co., and on March 22, 1870, settied in Rockvale, where he now resides ; he had nine children (one deceased), aud the names of the living are — Mary, Sarah, Elizabeth, Alice, John, Joseph H., James and Arthur ; Mr. Holland is a Dem . , and was elected School Director in 1876, but declined the office; Mr. and Mrs. Holland are members ofthe Catholic Church. IRWIN E. A. farmer ; Sec 2 ; P. 0. Byron. JAMES AMOS C. Farmer ; Sec. 3; P. 0. Rockvale; owns 160 acres land, probable valuation $5,600 ; Mr. James was born August 3, 1838 in Annsville, Oneida Co., N. Y.; when but four years old he came with his father, John James, to Rockvale, and settled here in 1842. The subject of this sketch (A. C. James) enlisted in the war of the re bellion with the 92d HI. Vol. M. Inf, August 9, 1862, and took part in the • battles of Chickamauga, Chattanooga, Ringgold, Resaca, Marietta and all the minor engagements that his regiment was engaged in, the most conspicuous of which was the raid under Gen. Kil patrick, cutting the rebel communication at Jonesboro, destroying the railroad and supplies ; this raid lasted five days, dur ing which time there was almost inces sant fighting ; Mr. James was mustered out as a Sergeant, June 21, 1865, at Concord, N. C. ; returned to Rockvale and married Frances D., daughter of Thos. Hewitt of Tioga Co., N. Y. ; Mrs. James was born August 24, 1842 ; they have four children — Harry D., George C., Clara, and Ralph N. ; Mr. James is a Democrat. JAMES JOHN, farmer ; Sec 3 ; P. 0. Rockvale. Johnson Arcud, tenant farmer ; Sec 21 ; P. 0. Oregon. Johnson Nelson, far. Sec. 28; P. 0. Oregon. JONES CHARLES, Parmer, Seo. 11 ; P. 0. Byron ; owns 1081 acres ; probable valuation, $2,170. Mr. Jones was born Nov. 15, 1805, in Franklin Co., N. Y., and was married to his first wife, Lorenda, daughter of Lydia Will iamson, of Franklin Co., N. Y., in 1836. Mrs. Lorenda Jones died in Rockvale, Oct. 4, 1872, in her 84th year. M;r. Jones came to Ogle County in 1842, and settled in Rockvale in 1870. He has one chUd, WUliam W., born in 1838. In AprU, 1873, Mr. Jones was married to his second wife, Mrs. R. Baker, who was born Oct. 30, 1830, in Livingston Co., N. Y. Mr. Jones is a Republican, and a member of the Church of the United Brethren. KELLY JOHN, Sec. 9 ; P. 0. Rock vale. 758 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY: KN APPLY WILLIAM, Farmer, Sec. 25 ; P. 0. Oregon ; owns 1 60 acres ; probable valuation, $8,000. Mr. K. was born Sept. 28, 1835, in Wimpfen, Germany, and came to the Untied States in 1855, and arrived in Ogle County in 1858, and settled in Rockvale. He was married Nov. 12, 1859, to Elizabeth, daughter of George Hare, of Rockvale. Mrs. Knapply was born Aug. 31, 1835, in Union Co., Ohio. They have five children — Adeline, Frank, Sophia, Kate and Wilhelmina. Mr. Knapply is a Democrat, and was Road Master for one term. KNIGHT WILLIAM, Farmer, Sec. 27 ; P. 0. Oregon ; owns 40 acres ; probable valuation, $1,600. Mr. Knight was born Sept. 3,1813, in England, and emigrated to Canada in 1827, and in 1838 came to Ogle County. In the Spring of 1871 he settled in Rockvale. Was married April 15, 1840, to Theresa, daughter of Henry Smith, of Logan Co., Ohio. Mrs. K. was born April 17, 1820. Mr. Knight is a Republican, and is School Director, which position he has fiUed since he came to Rockvale ; was Constable of the town of Oregon in 1839, and also School Director for two terms in Oregon. KNODLE DAVID, Tenant farmer; Sec 19; P. 0. Rockvale; Mr. K. was born Feb. 6, 1831, in Washington Co., Md. ; in 1840 he came to this county, when but ten years old, and assisted his father, who was a farmer, until he was twenty-one years old, when he struck out for himself, and was married Sept. 25, 1856, to Margaret A., daugh ter of Solomon Nalley, of Mount Morris, Ogle Co ; Mrs. K. was born July 29, 1834 ; they have eight children — Mary A., Henry H., WUliam A., Josiah P., John G., Ann R., Charles E., and Fanny V. ; Mr. K. ia a Republican, and was Town Collector one term, Constable four years. School Director for three years, in Leaf River Tp., and School Director three years in Rockvale ; was Supt. of the M. E. Sabbath school, of whioh church he is a member ; Mrs. K. is also a member of tho M. E. Church. KNODLE JOSIAH, Tenant farmer ; Sec. 9 ; P.O. Rockvale : born Dec 28, 1840, in Leaf River Tp.', Ogle Co. ; he enlisted Sept 28, 1861, with the 3d M. V. I., and was engaged in th'^ battles of Arkansas Post, siege of Vicksburg, and at the fight at Port Blakely, and all of the minor engage ments that his regiment participated in, until he was honorably discharged Jan. 23, 1864, by reason of promotion as 1st Sergeant, and transferred to the 1st Mississippi Col'd Inf., which was after wards known as the 51st United States Col'd Inf; he was promoted 2d Lieu tenant May 5, 1865, and promoted 1st Lieutenant March 12, 1866, for gallant and meritorious services at Port Blakely, and was mustered out .June 16, 1866, at Baton Rouge, La. ; he returned to Ogle Co. and got married May 23, 1869, to Martha A., daughter of Joachim SchelUng, of Washington Co., Md ; Mrs. K. was born June 10, 1852 ; they have five children — Lester W., Lottie M., BerteUa, Andrew R. and Ida B ; Mr. K. belongs to the Republican party. Kinyon Harper, laborer. Sec. 14; P. 0. Oregon. KNODLE WILLIAM H. Farm er; Sec 8 ; P. 0. Oregon; owns 52 acres; probable valuation, $1,560 ; Mr. K. was born Nov. 17, 1838, in Ohio, and eame to Ogle Co. in 1840, where he lived until the war of the rebellion broke out ; he enlisted in the 74th I. V. I., Aug. 13, 1862 ; was engaged in the battles of Mission Ridge, Resaca, and Adairsville, where he was severely wounded, a bullet passing through both the thighs ; he was confined to hospital and on furlough because of his wounds, until he was discharged, June 22, 1 865; he returned to Rockvale, and was mar ried Nov. 16, 1865, to Martha J., daughter of Jacob Wagner, of Rock vale ; Mrs. K. was born May 2, 1839; they have four children — Mina B., Frederick H., George G. and Leroy C ; Mr. K. is a Republican, and was School Director for two years ; is a member of the Church of One Faith, of which church Mrs. K. is also a member. LABORB WESLEY, farmer ; Sec 1; P. 0. Byron. Lent Edgar, farm.; Sec. 1 ; P. 0. Byron. LEWIS CHARLES, Farmer; Seo. 8 ; P. 0. Rockvale ; owns 260 acres of land, probable valuation, $10,- ROCKVALE TOWNSHIP. 759 400 ; Mr. L. was born Sept. 25, 1828, in Herkimer Co., N. Y., and was mar ried. May 7, 1851, to Mary G., daugh ter of Stephen Clancy, of Saratoga Co., N.Y.; Mrs. L. was born Sept 21, 1829 ; they have four children — Alice A., Ida L., Minnie M. and Addie M.; Mr. L. came to Ogle Co., in 1849, and settled in Rockvale ; he is a Republican, and during the war of the rebellion he en listed in the 17th I. V. C, Dec. 16, 1863, and took part in all of the engage ments that his regiment participated in, until he was honorably discharged as a Sergeant, Nov. 23, 1865, when he re turned to Rockvale; Mr. Lewis was Com missioner of Highways for three years, and served as Road Master for six years or more. Lewis James, lab.; Sec. 4; P. 0. Rockvale. Lewis Silas W. farmer ; Sec. 4 ; P. 0. tt OP K Vfl 1 P LEWIS STEPHEN, Farmer; Sec. 4 ; P. 0. Rockvale ; he owns 380 acres land, probable valuation, $13,200 ; Mr. L. was born Oct 25, 1818, in Sar atoga Co:, N. Y., and was married June 30, 1839, to Judith M., daughter of Leonard Boyce, of Little Falls, Her kimer Co., N. Y.; Mrs. L.was born Oct. 3, 1822 ; they had two children — Caro line S. (deceased), and Silas W.', and an adopted daughter, Id^ May Lewis ; Mr. L. came to Rockvale Oct. 8, 1 848 ; he was Town Collector four terms. School Director three consecutive terms. Assess or, Road Master, and is now School Director, and a member of the " Leaf River and Rockvale Fire Insurance Co.," of which organization he was a Direct or two years. Lewis Wm. farm.; S. 12 ; P. 0. Rockvale LISTEBARGER ISAAC, Far mer ; Sec. 8 ; P. 0. Rockvale ; owns 80 acres ; probable valuation, $2,400 ; Mr. L. was born July 25, 1834, in Wet- moreland Co., Pa.; he moved West, to Linn Co., Iowa ; got married Sept. 10, 1861, to Mary Brown (deceased) of Cedar Rapids, Iowa ; who bore him three children — Laura, William and Eddie; in Sept., 1868, he came to Rockvale, where he now lives ; he mar ried his present wife, Catharine, daugh ter of Adam Patterson, of Mt. Morris Tp., Ogle Co., Sept. 23, 1868 ; Mrs. L. was born May 10, 1839, in Washing ton Co., Md.; is the mother of one child— Emery, bom Sept. 14, 1873; Mr. L. is a Republican ; he is now serv ing his second term as Road Master ; he is a member of the Society of Dun kards, and Mrs. L. is a member of the M. E. Church. LOCKWOOD JAMES, Farmer ; Sec. 2 ; P. 0. Byron ; owns 133 acres ; probable valuation, $6,650 ; Mr. L. was born Oct. 16, 1821, in Perkins, Erie Co., Ohio ; was married June 4, 1845, to Roxy, daughter of John WUliams, of Erie Co., Ohio; Mrs. L. was bom Jan. 1, 1823, in Onondaga Co., N. Y.; they had three children, one of whom, Amanda, died, aged two years, three months and seventeen days ; those liv ing are Josephine, born Aug. 17, 1847 ; William B., Feb. 27, 1851. Mr. L. came to Ogle Co. in Sept., 1854, and settled in Rockvale, where he now re sides ; he is a RepubUcan ; was Road Master for several terms ; and is serving in that position now, having been elected in the Spring of 1877 ; he also served as School Director for five terms, or more. LOTT JAMES, Farmer ; Sec 27 ; P. 0. Oregon ; owns 40 acres, probable value $800 ; Mr. Lott was born in Eng., May 7, 1836, and came to Ogle Co., from Canada, in the Pall of 1867, when he settled in Rochelle ; he was married April 8, 1863, to Phebe H., daughter of Seymour and Hannah StodgUl, of King Township, York Co., Canada ; Mrs. L. was born Aug. 5, 1838 ; they have three chUdren — William G., Mary E., and Ar- temasE.; Mr. L. is Independent in pol itics, and he and his wife are members ofthe Christian Church. JLowe William A. laborer ; Sec. 7 ; P. 0. Oregon., Lyma SUas A. farmer ; Sec 10 ; P. 0. Rockvale McMASTER ALVAH, farmer; Sec. 24 ; P. O: Oregon. McCamly P. P. farmer ; Sec. 22 ; P. 0. Oregon. McGUFFIN SAMUEL, Farmer; and Stock Raiser; Sec. 21 ; P. 0. Ore gon; owns 160 acres, probable value $6,400 ; Mr. McG. was born Dec. 23, 1831, in London Township, Middlesex 45 760 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY : Co., Canada; came to Ogle Co., IU., July 1, 1843 ; was married, March 3, 1864 ; to Frances E., daughter of Geo. Griswold, of Rockvale Township ; Mrs. McG. was born Feb. 3, 1845, and is the mother of seven daughters, named Ida E., Ally M., Mary E., Maggie H., Blanche L., Katie I., and Nellie E., who died Nov. 15, 1871, aged 3 months and 10 days; Mr. McG. is Independent in politics and a member of the M. E. Church. McNames Amos, farmer; Sec. 11 ; P. 0. Byron. McNames Calvin, farmer; Sec. 13; P. 0. Oregon. McNames James, farmer ; Sec. 13 ; P. 0. Oregon. McNAMES ORSON, Farmer; S. 15 ; P. 0. Oregon ; owns 40 acres, prob able valuation, $100 ; Mr. McNames was born AprU 15, 1824, in DelaT^are Co., Ohio, and came to Ogle Co. in 1837, and settled in Rockvale in 1838 ; he was married July 27, 1844, to Julia, daughter of Peter Redner, of New York ; she was born Dec 13, 1830 ; they have nine children, named Jane, Amos, Rob ert, Margaret, Dena, Frank, James, Henry and Ida ; Mr. McNames is a Re publican, and is Town Constable ; he was Justice of Peace in Rice Co., Kan., for three years. Marks Benjamin, farmer ; Sec. 4 ; P. 0. Byron. Marks Wm. tenant farmer; Sec. 4; P.O. Byron. MATTISON C. K. Farmer ; Sees. 21, 22 ; P. 0. Oregon ; owns 144 acres, 96 acres being in Sec. 21, and 48 acres in Sec 22, valued at $5,760 ; Mr. M. was horn in Troy, N. Y., Sept. 29, 1836 ; married in Washington Co., N. Y., Nov. 21, 1859, to Sarah M., daughter of John H. Northup, of same county ; there was five children born to them, four of which are dead, the surviving one, John C, is now sixteen years old ; Mr. M. is Town Clerk, and is now serv ing his seventh consecutive term, is also School Treasurer and Path IVIaster, and was School Director four years; Mr. M. and wife are members of the M. E. Church. Messner Daniel, farmer ; Sec. 12; I'. 0. Rockvale. MEYER HENRY F. Farmer; Sec. 5 ; P. 0. AdeUne ; owns 75J acres ; probable valuation, $2,637 ; Mr. M. was born March 12, 1842, in Wor- derfeld, Detmold, Prussia, Germany, and with his parents emigrated to the United States, arriving in New York in June, 1 848 ; tbey immediately repaired to Ogle Co., 111., and settled in Ade Une, Maryland Tp., in this county ; Mr. M. was married Jan. 18, 1872, to Ce celia E., daughter of Predline Fossler, of Maryland Tp., and then moved to Rockvale, where he now resides ; Mrs. M. was born Sept. 3, 1848, in Mary land Tp., this county ; they, have two chUdren — Nora L., born May 19,1873, and Hannah B., born May 19, 1876. Mr. M. is a Democrat, and was Con stable in Maryland Tp. for two years, and Path Master in Rockvale one term. Miles Israel Pierce, fai-mer ; S. 9 ; P. 0. MILES JACOB, Parmer ; Sec. 9 ; P. 0. Rockvale; owns 118 acres; prob able valuation, $4,130 ; Mr. M. was born in Berkeley Co. Va., and was married Oct 31, 1848, to Sabina, B., daughter of Godfrey P. Mock, of Washington Co., Md. ; moved to Ogle Co., IU., April 11, 1855, and was elected Path Master in 1875 ; Mrs. M., was born AprU 14, 1831, and is an active mem ber of the Society of Dunkards ; there are five children — named respectively, Israel P., WiUiam F., Mary E., Charies B., and Adda V. MUes John, farmer ; Sec. 9 ; P. 0. Rock vale. Miles Wm. P. thresher ; Sec 9 , P. 0. Rockvale. Mondabaugh WUliam, laborer ; Sec. 30 ; P. 0. Oregon. Moore Thomas B. farmer ; Sec. 14 ; P. 0. Oregon. NEWCOMER CATHARINE MRS. Farmer; Sec 7 ; P. 0. Mt Morris ; owns 120 acres ; probable valuation, $4,800 ; Mrs. Newcomer (maiden name, Catharine Middower, daughter of Jacob Middower, of Frank lin Co., Pa.) was born Oct 16, 1838, in Franklin Co., Pa.; was married to John Newcomer (deceased) AprU 29, 1856; the foUowing November she, wiih her husband, came to Ogle Co., ROCKVALE TOWNSHIP. 761 and settled in Mt. Morris ; where her husband practiced medicine four years ; they returned to Franklin Co., Pa., in 1860, and stayed there until AprU, 1865, when they returned to Mt. Morris, in this county; in 1869, they settled in Rockvale, where Mr. N. died Oct 3, 1873; Mrs. N. has four chil dren — Jacob S., John R., Barbara K., and Harry L.; Mrs. N. is a member of M. B. Church. OSBORN MORRIS P. farmer; Sec 2 ; P. O. Byron. Osborn W. B. farmer; Sec 12 ; P.O. Byron. Osborn William, lives 'in Oregon. PAGE ROBERT B. farmer ; Sec. 13; P. 0. Oregon. Patrick J. T. farm.; Section 26; P. 0. Oregon. PETRIE GEORGE, Farmer; Sec. 8 ; P. 0. Rockvale ; owns 40 acres ; probable valuation, $1,500; Mr. Petrie was born Jan. 5, 1835, in Herkimer Co., N. Y. ; came to Rockvale in 1854 ; he was married Oct. 30, 1860, to Ade laide H., daughter of Stephen Chancy, of Saratoga Co., N. Y. ; Mrs. P. was born Dec. 15, 1840 ; they have two chUdren — Nellie M. and Florence M.; Mr. Petrie is a Republican ; he enlisted in the 74th I. V. I., in the war of the rebeUion, Aug. 13, 1862 ; he was en gaged in the battles of Stone River, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Resaca, Ga., Franklin and NashviUe, Tenn., and in all of the minor engagements his regiment took part in ; at the battle of Stone River (Dec. 31, 1862) he fell into the rebels' hands and was confined in Libby prison for about two months, when he was paroled to City Point, and exchanged in June, 1863, and rejoined his regiment ; was mustered out June 10, 1865, at Nash-ville, Tenn., and re turned to Rockvale ; Mr. P. was ToWn Collector for three years ; and is now Town Assessor and School Director. Phillips Charies, laborer ; Sec 23 ; P. 0. Oregon. Phillips James, farmer; Sec. 15; P. O. Oregon. Poffenbarger James, farmer ; Sec 31 ; P. Oregon. REESE JOHN, farmer ; Sec. 26 ; P. 0. Oregon. REESE WILLIAM, Tenant Par mer ; Sec. 26 ; P. 0. Oregon. Mr. Reese was born Aug. 15, 1845, in Wales ; he came to Rockvale about the year 1861 ; he was married Oct 18, 1870, to Etta, daughter of Peter Strang, of Byron Tp,, Ogle Co.; Mrs. R. was born Oct. 10, 1852 ; they have two children — WiUiam L., born Nov. 25, 1872; Albert W., March 13, 1875. Rice Ben. farmer; S. 32; P. 0. Oregon. Rice David, farm.; S. 32 ; P. 0. Oregon. Ross Hiram, farm.; S. 36 ; P. 0. Oregon. Row Hiram, tenant farmer; Sec. 30; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Russell Horace D. farmer ; Sec. 26 ; P. 0. Oregon. RYDER SETH, Parmer ; Sec 6 ; P. 0. Wales ; owns 370 acres, probable valuation $18,500 ; Mr. Ryder was born Sept 24, 18l7 in Bovina, Delaware Co., N. Y., and was married Sept. 14, 1841 to Juna, daughter of John McKibbin of Chemung Co., N. Y. ; Mrs. Ryder was born in 1828 and died July 6, 1875 ; in the Spring of 1844 Mr. Ryder came via the lakes from Buffalo on the propr. • Rochester, which had 1,100 passengers on board, arriving in Chicago, he journeyed on untU he reached Rockvale, where he now resides ; he has seven children, whose names are — Henry, Esther, Ira, Belle, Betsey, Jennie and Susie ; when Mr. Ryder first came to this township, he used to haul grain to Chicago, and then buy his supplies for household and farming purposes ; tho?e were times that tried men's souls, but for all his labor he is well repaid, as he now owns one of the handsomest farms in the county ; his children grown up, able and willing to lighten the burden of his dedlining years ; Mr. Ryder is a Rep., and was Path Master one term, and is now School Director; was six years Drill Sergeant in N. Y, State Militia, and trained during that time, five days in each year ; was at that time residing in the town of Elmira, N. Y. SALES ADAM, farmer; Sec 31; P. 0. Oregon. SANDERSON HENRY, Farmer ; Sec 32 ; P. 0. Oregon ; owns 200 acres, probable valuation $10,000; Mr. Sanderson was born Dec 20, 1846, in Rockvale, his father having settled in 762 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY : this township in June, 1835 ; Mr. San derson was married Feb. 22, 1872 to Elizabeth, daughter of Simon Seyster of Pine Creek, Ogle Co. . Mrs. Sanderson was born Dec. 1, 1851 ; they have two children— Hattie B.,born Feb. 6, 1873, and Laura A., July 4, 1875 ; Mr. San derson is a Rep., is also School Director, and has served as such for tbe past nine yeai s ; was Path Master for three years ; Mrs. Sanderson is a member of the Dunkard Church. Schaffer Andrew, farmer ; Seo. 24 ; P. 0. Oregon. SCHECHTER ANDREW, Par mer ; Seo. 30 ; P. 0. Oregon ; owns 286 acres ; probable valuation, $1 4,300 ; Mr. Schechter was born Aug. 12, 1819, in Washington Co., Md., and came to Ogle Co. Aug. 17, 1845, and settied in Rockvale, where he now resides; he was married twice, his first wife, Wil helmina (daughter of Wm. Yountz) was born Aug. 26, 1821, died Oct. 26, 1849, in this township; on the 10th of July, 1851, he was married to Sarah A., daughter of Michael Seyster, of Ore gon Tp., Ogle Co. ; she was born Jan. 7, 1828 ; they have four children — named Caroline, born May 13, 1845, Susan, horn AprU 4, 1849 ; Andrew B., born Nov. 13, 1856, and Jacob B., born May 13, 1829 ; Mr. Schechter is a Democrat, and was School Director for about twenty years. Township Assessor for six and a half years. Supervisor two years. Vice President of the Ogle Co, Agricultural Society in 1870, and is also a member of Oregon Lodge, 420, of Master Masons ; Mrs. Schechter is a member of the Church of the Disciples. Southwick William, renter. Sec. 31 ; P. 0. Mount Morris. SpeUman Melvin, laborer ; Sec 30 ; P. 0. Mount Morris. Spichler P. D. farmer ; moving, March 1st, to Payne's Point. SPRAKER GEORGE, Tenant Farmer ; Sec 3 ; P. 0. Byron ; was born in Otsego Co., N. Y., in 1840 ; came to Winnebago Co., IU., in 1856, where he lived for five years ; in 1860 he removed to Rockvale, where he now resides ; was married Jan. 16, 1862, to Sarah B., daughter of Henry Fisher ; Mrs. S. was born in Michigan, Jan. 5, 1848; they have one chUd — George A., born Nov. 4, 1862 ; Mr.^ S. enlisted in . the war of the rebellion with the 74th IlUnois V. I. August 13, 1862 ; was engaged in the battles of PerryvUle and Murfreesboro, and many minor engage ments ; at Murfreesboro he was severely wounded, having two fingers of his right hand shot off; being unfitted for duty, he was honorably discharged March 12, 1863 ; Mr. S. is a Republican, and was Road Master for one term. Stanley Harry, tenant farmer ; Sec. 9 ; P. 0. Oregon. STEFF^A DAVID, Farmer; Sec. 17, P. 0. Oregon; owns 2 -j acres, prob able value $50 ; Mr. S. was born March 18, 1823, in Washington Co., Md., and moved to Ogle Co., in 1844, and settled in Rockvale, where he now lives ; was married in 1847, to Martha A., daughter of Valentine Hill, of Lanark, CarroU Co., 111. ; Mrs. S. was born about the year 1832, in Washington Co., Md. ; they have ten children, named Jake, Barbara A., Nancy E., William, An drew D., James P., Oliver B., Lottie M., John and Mary E. ; Mr. S. is a Republican and a member of the Church of the Disciples. STEFFA JACOB, Parmer; Sec. 17; P. 0. Oregon; owns 130 acres of land, probable value $6,500 ; Mr. Steffa was born Feb. 21, 1818, in Washington Co., Md., and came to Ogle Co., and settled in Rockvale, Oct. 11, 1844 ; he was married in Jan., 1839, to Mary A., daughter of Edward Houze, of Wash ington Co., Md. ; Mrs. Steffa was born Sept 28, 1822 ; they have had eight children (one, Chairles E., deceased), and the names of the living are Daniel, Sarah M., Samuel, Reuben J., Anna, WUUam R., and Mary A. ; Mr. S. is a Republican and was School Director for five or six years. Road Commissioner two years and Path Master two years. Steffa Joseph, laborer; Sec. 30; P. 0. Oregon. Steffa R. J. farm. ; S. 17 ; P. 0. Oregon. STEFFA WILLIAM A. Farmer; Sees. 21 and 22; renter; P. 0. Oregon; Mr. S. was born in Rockvale, July 8, 1852, and was married Jan. 18, 1877, to Miss M. Livonia Waite, daughter of A. J. Waite, of Rockvale, Ogle Co.; ROCKVALE TOWNSHIP. 763 Mrs. S. is a member of the Baptist Church ; Mr. S. is Independent in poli tics, and is a member of the 1. 0. 0. P., Oregon Lodge, No. 94. Stoner Joshua, far.; S. 7 ; P.O. Mt Morris. Swartout Grant, laborer; Sec. 12 ; P. 0. R OP K vfl Ip SWARTOUT MIRANDA R. Tenant Farmer ; Sec. 8 ; P. 0. Rock vale ; Mr. S. was born March 18, 1813, in Dutchess Co., N. Y.; was married June 2, 1843 to Lydia M., daughter of John Lewis, of Saratoga Co., N. Y.; Mrs. S. was born AprU 21, 1827 ; in January, 1854, Mr. S. came to Ole Co., and lived here until 1858, when he moved to Minnesota and resided there until October, 1874, when he returned to Ogle County and settled in Rockvale, where he now resides ; on the 6th of October, 1862, he enlisted in the 1st Regiment of Minnesota Mounted Rang ers, which was formed for service on the frontier against the Sioux Indians, who perpetrated the well-remembered Minne sota Massacre ; Mr. S. was then in his 49th year, and because of his age was at that time rejected; he was not to be foUed in that way, so i e went to St. Paul, Minn., and had his hair (which was prematurely white) dyed a deep black ; he again presented himself and asked to be sworn in, and with success ; the mustering officer not recognizing him in his disguise ; he served with his regiment until it was mustered out, Nov. 28, 1863, at Ft Snelling, Minn.; he has six children^Ann E., Eugene M., Lewis L., John A., Charles A., and WUliam M. SWAN GEORGE W. Farmer; Sec. 10; P. 0. Oregon ; owns 259 acres of land, probable valuation, $9,065 ; Mr. Swan was born March 1, 1836, in Chemung Co., N. Y., and moved to By ron Township, in this county, in 1838, where he resided untU 18611, when he came to Rockvale and settled here ; he was married Jan. 11, 1860, to Ida L., daughter of Hiram Rhoda R. Reed, of Rockvale ; Mrs. Swan was born Oct. 23, 1841 ; they had five chUdren (one deceased); those living are — Ardelle L., born Aug. 12, 1865 ; Annie M., born Jan. 19, 1867; Henry W., born Jan. 22, 1869, and Mary R., born Nov. 22, 1876 ; Mr. S. is a Republican, and is School Director ; he was Road Master three years. SWINGLEY WILLIAM, Farm er and Veterinary Surgeon ; Sec. 6 ; P. 0. Oregon ; owns 170 acres, probable valuation $6,800 ; Mr. Swingley was born ^ March 20, 1833, in Washington Co., Md. ; in 1845 he came to Ogle Co., and helped his father on the farm until he was 18 years old, when he went to learn the trade of carpenter and joiner, at which he served three years ; he was skillful in treating horse diseases, so he gave his entire attention to the profes sion of veterinary surgery, which he has followed ever since with marked success ; in 1874, he traveled with Adam Pore- paugh's circus and took care of 356 head of horses; he was married Dec 8, 1853 to Mary E., daughter of Jacob "Wagner of Rockvale ; Mrs. Swingley was born August 29, 1834 in Boonesboro, Md. ; they have three children — Oscar W., Benjamin P. and Jacob G. ; Mr. Swing- ley is a staunch Greenbacker, being the only man in Rockvale who voted for Peter Cooper for President in 1876 ; was School Director for three years and he and his wife are members ,of the Christian Church. TAYLOR EDWARD, farm. ; Sec 14 ; P. 0. Oregon. Terbush A. H. carpenter ; Sec. 11 ; P. 0. Byron. THOMAS HENRY L. Parmer; Sec. 18 ; P. 0. Mt Morris ; owns 160 acres, probable valuation $7,200 ; Mr. Thomas was born Oct 24, 1839, in Washington Co., Md., and when but two years old eame with his father to Ogle Co.. arriving here in 1841 ; he at tended school when the chance presented, and helped his father between times on farm; was married Dec. 20, 1866, to Mary E., daughter of Abraham Felker of Mt. Morris Town.ship, Ogle Co. ; Mrs. Thomas was bom March 14, 1846 in Washington Co., Md. ; they had six chUdren (two, LUlie M. and Ada E., deceased), and the names of those living are — Edgar P., Florence E., Noble F. and Charles H. ; Mr. Thomas is a Demo crat, and is School Director; Mrs. Thomas is a member of the Lutheran Church. 764 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY : THOMAS JOSHUA, Farmer; Sec. 31 ; P. 0. Oregon ; owns 200 acres of land; probable valuation, $11,000 ; Mr. T. was born March 8, 1811, in Washington Co., Md., and was married Feb. 7, 1833, to Salina Landes, who died Sept., 1854 ; Mrs. S. L. Thomas, was daughter of Henry Landes, of Washington Co., MJ. ; she was the mother of nine children, four of whom are living — their names are Permelia M., Mary C, Henry L. and Louis F. ; in in AprU, 1840, Mr. T. came West to Ogle Co., and settled in Rockvale, where he now resides ; he went to Cali fornia in 1850, during the gold excite ment, and remained in that State two years, returning to his home in Ogle Co. in the Spring of 1852 ; on the 6th of Nov., 1862, he married Miss Susan, daughter of Abraham Felker, of Mount Morris, Ogle Co., 111. ; he became the father of five children by this second marriage, three of whom are living, and named, respectively, Robert Lee, Prank F. and Olin M. ; Mrs. T. is a inember of the M. B. Church ; Mr. T. is a staunch Democrat, having always voted that ticket ; was School Trustee for three years, and School Director for fifteen years, which position he now occupies ; was a Director of the Ogle Co. Agricul tural Society from 1853 to 1860, both years inclusive ; was elected President of the Ogle Co. Agricultural Society, in 1861 and 1862, and is now a life mem ber. TIMJJIERMAN JOHN, Parmer; Sec. 17 ; P. 0. Oregon ; owns 287i acres; probable valuation, $10,057 ; Mr. T. was bom May 24, 1805, in the Grand Duchy of Oldenburg, Northern Germany, and emigrated to the United States in 1832, arriving in Baltimore in August of same year ; he went directly to Pittsburgh, Pa., where he remained eighteen month§, working at his trade of carpenter ; from there he went to Vienna Falls, Ky., where he was em ployed eighteen months on public works, as carpenter ; he then moved to Galena, 111., and thence to Oregon, in Ogle Co., where he lived until 1850, and then went to California, during the gold ex citement, returning to Ogle Co. in 1853, and settled in Rockvale ; he built the first frame house in the town of Oregon ; was married Nov. 14, 1839, to Eliza beth, daughter of John Wagner, of Rockvale ; Mrs. T. was born June 5, 1820, in Washington Co., Md. ; they had five children, two of whom are liv ing, named John. H., bom July 17, 1847, and Otto, born Sept. 22, 1854 ; Mr. Otto is a Republican, and was Jus tice of Peace in 1839, and School Di rector for three years ; he is a member ofthe Lutheran Church, and Mrs. T. belongs to the Society of River Brethren. Tomlinson Wm. H. farmer; Sec 1; P. 0. Byron. TRASK EDWARD O. Parmer; Sec. 21 ; P. 0. Oregon ; owns 93^^ acres ; probable valuation, $5,730 ; Mr. T. was born in Pine Rock Tp., Ogle Co., IU., AprU 10, 1841 ; he enlisted in the war of the rebellion with the 92d 111. V. M. I.; was promoted Corporal and afterwards Sergeant ; was engaged in the battles of Chickamauga, Chat tanooga, Mission Ridge, Ringgold, Ga., and Reseca, Ga., and all of the minor engagements that the gaUant 92d par ticipated in; Mr. Trask was severely wounded on the night of the 30th of Aug., 1864, about twenty miles below Atlanta, Ga., a bullet baving passed through his left arm, carrying away a portion of the bone ; was mustered out of service at Concord, N. C, June 21, 1865, and returned to Ogle Co., IU.; married EUen A., daughter of Edward , Mallory, of Ogle County, Sept. 26, 1866 ; he has three children, whose names are Israel J., Margaret R., and Isabel ; Mrs. T. was born July, 1848 ; Mr. T. is a Republican ; is School Director ; and is now serving his fourth consecutive term ; also was Path Master for one term VAUGHN MATTHEW, Parmer; Sec 26 ; P. 0. Oregon ; owns 40 acres ; probable valuation, $1,000; Mr, V. was born in 1830, in Westmeath, Ire land ; he emigrated to the United States in 1850, arriving in New York City ; he came to Ogle Co. Jan. 23, 1856, and settled in Rockvale, where , he now resides ; was married Nov. 26, 1858, to Ellen, daughter of John Can non, of Mayo Co., Ireland ; Mrs. V. was born in 1824; they have two chU- ROCKVALE TOWNSHIP. 765 dren — Mary, born Jan. 23, 1860 ; and William, Feb. 7, 1865; Mr. Vaughn is a Democrat ; when the war of the re bellion commenced, he enlisted in the 46th I. V. I., in AprU, 1861, and was engaged in the battles of Ft Donelson, Corinth, Shiloh, and at the capture of Memphis, Tenn, and all the minor en gagement that his regiment took part in, until he was honorably discharged, July 1, 1863; when he returned to Ogle Co.; Mr. and Mrs. Vaughn are members of the Catholic Church. WELSH CHARLES, school teacher ; P. 0. Oregon. WADSWORTH NORMAN W. Parmer ; Seo. 36 ; P. 0. Oregon ; born in Madison Co., N. Y., in 1810 ; located in this county in 1844 ; married Sophia Torry in 1836 ; she was born in Hampshire Co., Mass., in 1811 ; they are members of the Presbyterian Church in Oregon ; Mr. Wadsworth owns 160 acres of land estimated at $12,000 ; he has been Co. Supt. of Schools four years, dating from 1858 ; Supervisor two years ; Assessor three years. WAFFLE JOHN, Postmaster ; Sec. 10 ; Rockvale; owns 40 J acres, probable value $1,900; Mr. W. was born March 27, 1824, in BrownsvUle, Jefferson Co., N. Y. ; when 20 years old, went sailing on the Lakes and con tinued in that vocation for fifteen years, the last eight years of which he was captain of the brig Mohegan ; went to Milwaukee, Wis., in 1852, and was mar ried, March 20, 1855, to Harriet, daughter of S. H. Lyman, of Chicago ; Mrs. W. was born March 23, 1828 ; moved to Brotherton, Calumet Co., Wis., in 1857, and lived there three years, thence to Rockvale in Feb. 1 860 ; had eight children, two of whom are dead, the names of those living are John J., WUlard H., Florence M., Nora H., Bertha B., and Lowell H.; Mr. W. is the first Postmas;|er of this township, having been appointed in July, 1875; is also Justice of the Peace, having been elected to fill tbe ¦ position made vacant by the resignation of Jacob Good, and re-elected in the Spring of 1877, for four years ; he is a Repub lican arid is doing a general grocery business, furnishing the families of the surrounding country with their sup plies. WAGNER DANIEL B. Farm er ; Sec. 18 ; P. 0. Oregon ; owns 187f acres, probable value $10,325 ; Mr. W. was born Jan. 13, 1822, in Washington Co., Md. ; he came to Ogle Co., with his father, Jacob (whois now 78 years old), in 1838, and lived in Oregon, in this Co., until 1841, when he moved to Rock vale, where he now resides ; Mr. W,'s mother, whose maiden name was Mary M. Welty, was born in May 13, 1801, Washington Co., Md., and died in Rock vale in 1877 ; Mr. W. is a Republican and was School Director one term. WAGNER EMANUEL G. Parmer, Sec. 18 ; P. 0. Oregon ; owns 165 acres; probable valuation, $9,075. Mr. W. was born July 21, 1820, in Washington Co., Md. ; came to Oregon, Ogle County, in 1838, and settled in Rockvale, where he now lives, in 1841 ; was married in 1853 to Elizabeth, daughter of John Fridley, of Rock vale. Mrs. W. was born AprU 5, 1828, in Washington Co., Md. They had eight children (one deceased) ; the sur vivors are — Alice J., Benjamin P., Anna E., Andrew A., Mary M., Carrie M., and Emma B. Mr. W. is School Director, which position he has held for nearly thirty consecutive years, having missed but one year since 1848. He is now and has been Road Commissioner for the past twelve years. Mrs. W. be longs to the Dunkard Church. WAGNER F. H. Parmer, Sec. 16 ; P. 0. Oregon; owns 202 acres; proba ble value, $8,080. Mr. W. was born in Washington Co., Md., Sept 28, 1828; came to Ogle County, in this State, on May 10, 1838, and settied in Rockvale, where he now resides ; was married Dec. 15, 1855, to EUa C, daughter of Rev. Alexander Irvine, of Rockvale. Mrs. W. was born Feb. 16, 1842, and is a member of the M. E. Church. Mr. W. enlisted in the war of the rebeUion Aug. 13, 1862, with the 92d I. V. M. I., and was promoted Corporal ; was en gaged in the battles of Chattanooga, Tenn., Ringgold, Ga., and Chickamau ga, Tenn. After the victory at Chatta nooga, the gallant 92d was the first regiment to raise the national fiag over 766 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY : the Crutchfield House. Mr. W. was mustered out Feb. 26, 1865, on account of disability, [having faithfully ferved his company for two years, six months and thirteen days. WAITE A. .T. Parmer, Sees. 15 and 16; P. 0. Oregon; owns 439 acres; probable valuation, $21,950 ; is also do ing an extensive dairy business, at pres ent milking furty-six cows. Mr. W. was born July 5, 1821, in Wasbington Co., N. Y. ; married Miss Caroline, daughter of Wm. BuU, of same county, who died July 12, 1860, aged 38 years. By this marriage Mr. W. became the father of four children, three of whom are living, named respectively, Missouri L., Alton P., and Alzinia ; was married to his second wife, Mrs. Amelia Agard Landon, daughter of Joshua Agard, of Erie Co., N. Y., on Jan. 29, 1861, of whom was born Judson A. Waite, who is now sixteen years old. Mr. W. came to this State April 8, 1853, and settled in Rockvale Township, where he now resides ; is liberal in religion. Indepen dent in politics, and held the office of Supervisor for four years during the war. Waite A. P. farmer; S. 16 ; P.O. Oregon. Waite E. E. farm. ; S. 3 ; P. 0. Rockvale. Walborg J. August, farmer ; Sec. 3 ; P. 0. Oregon. Walp John, laborer ; S. 35 ; P.O. Oregon. Wareharm Joseph, laborer ; Sec. 30 ; P. 0. Oregon. WATERMULDER REV. LOUIS, Pastor of the Reformed Ebe nezer Church ; Sec 25 ; P. 0. Oregon. WEAVER ABRAHAM F. Par mer; Sec. 19; P. 0. Oregon; owns 90 acres; probable valuation, $4,500 ; Mr. W. was born Dec. 2, 1840, in Washing ton Co., Md. ; he came to Polo, Ogle Co., when 17 years old, and worked by the month untU 1870, when he bought the place where he now resides in Rock vale; was married Feb. 13, 1876, to Jennie, daughter of Joseph Briggs, of Brooklyn, N. Y., where Mrs. W. was born March 30, 1852 ; they have one chUd, Grace E., born Jan. 7, 1877 ; Mr. W. enlisted in the 140th I. V. I. ; AprU 28, 1864, having in common with the members of his regiment received a cer tificate of thanks from the President, Abraham Lincoln ; he was mustered out Oct. 29, 1864, at Camp Fry ; he is a Democrat, and was Path Master one term. WERTZ DAVID, Parmer; Sec 33 ; P. 0. Oregon ; owns 225 acres of land, probable valuation $11,750 ; Mr. Wertz was born December 14, 1819, in Quincy, Franklin Co., Pa.; was married Oct. 26, 1848, to EUza E., daughter of .lacob Fisher, of Franklin Co., Pa. Mrs. W. was born Oct. 28, 1828 ; Mr W. came to Ogle County Nov., 1848, and moved to Beloit, Wis., in May. 1849, where he lived for one year, re turning to Ogle County, in May. 1850 and settled in Rockvale, where he now resides ; he had nine chUdren, three of whom (Morris H., Eddie K., and Lelia B.) are deceased; those living are — Cora P., Sarah A., George R., W. Wash burne, D. A. Lincoln and Freddie A.; Mr. W., and his brother Lewis, built the first fiour-mill in Rockvale, in 1850, and also ran a saw-mill in connection with it; he also invested in buUding the second flour mill that was run in Oregon, con taining three sets of stone ; he is agent for the estate of C. Burr Artz, of this township ; is a Republican ; was School Director three years, School Treasurer three years, and is now Road Commis sioner ; Mrs. W. is a member of the Evangelical Lutheran Church. Wertz George R. farmer;. Sec. 33 ; P. 0. Oregon. WERTZ LEWIS, Farmer; Sec 21 ; P. 0. Oregon ; owns 160 acres of land, probable valuation, $5,600; Mr. W. was born Jan. 10, 1817, in Frank lin Co., Pa., and came west to Ogle Co., IU., AprU 10, 1840 ; was married Feb. 16, 1854, to Miss Rebecca A. C. Bell, daughter of David Bell, Stephenson Co., 111.; they had seven children, five of whom are living — Luther C., Lewis P., Archibald C, U. S. Grant, and NeUie B.; Mr. W. is a Republican, and an ac tive member of the Lutheran Evangelical Church ; is also the inventor of a patent plow for cultivation, which will prove a valuable acquisition to farmers every where. Wertz Luther C. cigar maker ; Sec. 21 ; P. 0. Oregon. ROCKVALE TOWNSHIP. 767 WUde WiUiam, renter ; Sec. 24 ; P. 0. Oregon. Withers Andrew, ZELLER MICHAEL, Farmer; Sec 20 ; P. 0. Oregon ; owns 161 ^^ acres land, probable valuation $6,000 ; Mr. Zeller was born in Sept., 1812, in Washington Co., Md. , and came to Buffalo Township in Ogle Co., 1864, and lived there until 1874, when he moved to Mt. Morris and thence to Rockvale in March 1865, and settled here; Mr. Zeller was married Oct. 3, 1833, to Mary E., daugh ter of Joseph Firey of Washington Co., Md. ; Mrs. Zeller was born Oct 18, 1815 ; they have five chUdren — named Susan E., Joseph H., Michael W., Mary A. and Louise K. ; Mr. ZeUer is a Dem., and Mrs. Zeller is a member of the Society of Dunkards. 768 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY : MT. MORRIS TOWNSHIP. Alden Cyrus, retired ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Alden Henry J. P. 0. Mt Morris. Alden Samuel, laborer ; P. 0. Maryland Station. ALLEN A. QUIMBY, Surveyor and Auctioneer; Mt. Morris; owns 14 acres in Sec 36, valued at $800 ; 6 acres in Sec, 25, valued at $400 ; 150 acres in Sees. 33 and 34, valued at $7,500; born Oct. 4, 1814, in Little Britain, Lan caster Co., Pa. ; son of Capt. Isaac and Mary Allen ; in 1832, Mr. Allen moved to Washington Co., Md. ; on the 24th of May, 1838, Mr. Allen came to Ogle Co., and on the first day of June, 1838, he opened the first public school ever taught in the town of Mt. Morris (then called the Maryland Colony), and con tinued the teacher of this school for 16 months ; teaching in all in this State, some thirty-five years ; on the 4th of July, 1839, Mr. Allen with his entire school, numbering some twenty-six scholars, attended in a body the laying of the corner stone of the Rock River Seminary ; in the year 1839, Mr. Allen retumed to Washington Co., Md., where, on the 4th day of March, 1841, he was married to Elizabeth Swingley, daughter of Michael and Mary Swingley ; on the 20th of September, 1845, he brought his wife and family to Ogle Co., and took up his permanent residence here ; he commenced school teaching at the early age of fifteen years ; and throughout his long services in this de partment, retained the universal esteem and respect of his pupils and their par ents ; for eighteen years Mr. Allen was County Surveyor of Ogle Co. ; he then voluntarily relinquished the office, and declined a re-election, and in a lovely homestead, in the midst of wife and family, he lives retired, a hale and jovial gentleman, enjoying the universal esteem of his fellow citizens ; the union of Mr. and Mrs. Allen has been blessed in the birth of seven chUdren, whose names are as follows : Samuel, Mary, Emma J., Lydia J., Robert Q., Edwin J., Lydia; five of whom are still living. Allen Charles, teacher ; Mt. Morris. Allen Edward J. broom manufacturing. Sec. 25 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. ALLEN ISAAC H. Insurance Agent and School Teacher ; Mt. Morris ; born Feb. 11, 1816, in Howard Co., Md., son of Isaac and Mary; came to Ogle in 1852; married Jan. 16, 1840, Eveline Title, who was born in Fred erick Co., Md., March 30, 1818, daugh ter of George and Elizabeth. Have had five children — Jesse 0., George Q., Charles H., Mary and Clara 0. Was First Lieutenant in Co. K, — Regiment lUinois Infantry ; enlisted May, 1862, and was mustered out in September, 1862; again enlisted in September, in Co. H., 14th Regiment Illinois Cavalry as private, and soon after was appointed Orderly Sergeant ; went to the front, and was there appointed Sergeant Major, and was under Gen. Burnside in Ten nessee ; was at Cumberland Gap, thence to the State of Georgia ; was there pro moted to Second Lieutenant Co. D, 14th Illinois Cavalry, but before commission was received was captured in the Stone man raid ; was three weeks in the stockade at Lacon, then sent to Charles ton, S. C, and in October, 1864, was exchanged at Rougli and Ready, Ga. ; then went to NicholinsviUe, Kan., re-or ganized the command, and proceeded to Tennessee to watch the movements of Gen. Hood, and participated in the fight at Columbia, and the engagement near Waynesboro ; was here detailed with a force of fifty men on a foraging expedi tion, and had just reached Waynes boro when Hood struck our command, and we did not get the benefit of this" expedition ; was in the command that followed Gen. Morgan through Ohio, and appointed on the Staff of Gen. Horace Capron. Has taught school some eighteen years in Maryland, and about the same length of time in Illi nois ; is agent for the Home Insurance Company of New York. Allen Robert Q. patent right. Sec. 25 ; P. 0. Mt Morris. Allison Richard, carpenter ; Mt. Morris. Alsip Hezekiah, P. 0. Mt. Morris. MT. MORRIS TOWNSHIP. 769 Alsip W. C. laborer ; Mt. Morris. Apple Henry, farmer. Sec. 18 ; P. O. Mt. Morris. Atchison William H. retired ; Mt. Morris. Avey Thomas J. laborer. Sec. 22 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. BAKENER B. P. laborer; Sec. 12; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Banks A. L. harness maker ; Mt. Morris. Beirman P. farmer ; Sec. 16 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Billig WUliam, 9arpenter ; Sec. 7 ; P. 0. Forreston. Binkley A. R. laborer; Sec 12; P.O. Mt. Morris. Binkley C. G. farmer; Sec 12; P.O. Mt. Morris. Blass Charles, Mt. Morris, Black Frank W. laborer ; Mt. Morris. Blair Samuel R. farmer ; Sec. 25 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. BLAIR W. S. Proprietor of the Blair House; Mt. Morris; owns 120 acres in Sec 25, valued at $8,000 ; born in Crawford Co., Pa., May 31, 1816 ; came to Ogle Co. June 20, 1837 ; mar ried Jeannette Blair Sept. 1839, in Craw ford Co., Pa., who was born Sept. 27, 1818; had five children — Mercy A., born June 11, 1840 ; Samuel R., July 1, 1845; MaryH., Nov 28, 1848; Florence W., June 20, 1859; Mrs. Blair is member of the M. E. Church ; the Blair House was opened by its pres ent proprietor in the Spring of 1851, and has been conducted as a public house ever since ; it is a large and com modious brick edifice, complete in all its departments, containing some six teen rooms for guests ; at the time Mr. B. came to Ogle Co., there was but one log cabin within three miles of Mt. MorrLs. ake Mr. P. student ; Sec 28 ; P. 0. Mount Morris. BLAKE WILLIAM S. Parmer ; Sec. 28 ; P. 0. Mount Morris ; his homestead consists of 120 acres, valued at $8,400; was born AprU 25, 1821, at Morrison's Cave, Pa., the son of Ber- dino and Mazy Blake ; William S. set tled in Ogle Co. in 1869 ; was married May 18, 1843, to Catherine Gearhart, the daughter of Daniel and Elizabeth Gearhart, and was born at Beaver Creek, Washington Co., Md., Oct. 28, 1824; have had seven children, viz. : Albert McClay, born March 14, 1844, Clara B., born Sept. 27, 1845; WUber, born Sept 19, 1847; Laura, born Nov. 29, 1849 ; MUliard F., born March 24, 1855 ; Willie G., born Dec. 21, 1856 ; Franklin G., born July 29, 1861. Blecher D. H. laborer ; Sec. 25 ; P. O. Mt. Morris. Bopp John, laborer ; Sec. 12 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Bornaman Lewis, farmer ; Sec. 17 ; P. 0. Mt Morris. Bornaman WUliam Sr. farmer ; Seo. 18 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Bornaman William Jr. farmer; Sec. 16; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Bowers Charles, blacksmith ; S. 12 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Bowers Daniel, barber, Mt. Morris. Bowman John W. farmer ; Sec. 33 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Brayton Arthur W. druggist, Mt. Mor ris. ' , BRAYTON FREDERICK B. Druggist, Book Store and Postni'ister of Mt. Morris since 1861 ; was born in Warren Co., N. Y., Aug. 10, 1818, and emigrated to Milwaukee, Wis., in 1840, and from there came to Ogle Co. IU., in 1841 ; Aug. 10, 1842, he mar ried Charlotte Wheeler, a resident of Milwaukee, Wis., who was born in Shoreham, Vt. ; they have had five chil dren, viz.: Earnst W., born Jan. 31, 1845 ; Arthur W., born Jan. 7, 1847 ; Elizabeth, bom Feb. 12, 1849; Flor ence, born Nov. 14, 1851 ; LUlie, born Sept. 20, 1854 ; during the last twenty- five years, Mr. Brayton has been inti mately identified with that noble insti tution of learning — the Rook River Seminary, holding, during that period, the positions of Secretary and Trustee of the Board ; himself and wife are both active and consistent members of the Methodist Episcopal Church of Mt. Morris, and have been closely identified with the work of that church during their entire residence in this county, Mr. B. holding the position of Superin tendent of the Sunday school and one of its most efficient teachers. His fine social qualities and unswei'ving integrity have won for him the universal respect of the entire community. 770 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY: Brinchnell Edwin, farmer ; Sec. 18 ; P. 0. Maryland Station. Brinkman Ralph, farmer ; Sec. 17 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Brogunier Luther, painter, Mt. Morris. BULL W. H. Grocer, Mount Morris ; born in the city of New York, Oct. 25, 1831 ; came to Winnebago Co.. IU., 1837 ; to Ogle, 1858 ; married Marga ret Craeery, in Winnebago Co., June 23, 1856 ; she was a native of Washington Co., Md., and born Dec. 25, 1829 ; chil dren — John R., born Dec. 12, 1857 ; Ann N., born Sept 4, 1859 ; Margaret, born Jan. 14, 1868 ; wife a member of the Methodist Episcopal Chureh. BUSER N. E. Carpenter and Builder; Mt. Morris ; came to Mt. Morris April 12, 1867 ; was born in Washington Co., Md., AprU 28', 1851; married Sept 15, 1872, Arbanna Middlekauff; have one child — Florence, born Dec 14, 1873 ; Mrs. Buser was born in Wash ington Co., Md., Nov. 17, 1855 ; Mr. Buser was a member of Co. F, 4th Regt III. Cav.; enlisted Dec, 1862, and was discharged in the month of Oct., 1865. BUTTERBAUGH HENRY, Farmer; Sees. 11 and 14; P. 0. Mt Morris ; owns 240 acres ; valued at $14,400 ; was born in Bedford Co., Pa., July 22, 1819; in 1831, he went to Washington Co., Md., and in 1847 moved to Ogle Co., 111., where, in the Spring of 186.-5, his father, Stephen B., and his mother, Susan B., also settled ; his father died March 11, 1870; Susan B., mother of Henry, died Oct. 20, 1863 ; Catharine Dubel, sister of Henry, died Oct 20. Nov. 11, 1844, Henry Butterbaugh married Catharine Hershey, who was a native of Wash ington Co., Md., and born June 25, 1821 ; being the daughter of John and Mary Hershey. They had eight children, three of whom only are living, viz.: Alice, born Jan. 22, 1846 ; Mary, Nov. 14, 1855 ; and Edward C, July 8, 1863. John H. departed this life Sept. 28, 1862 ; Joseph S., Sept 26, 1862; Martin, Oct 1, 1862; Barbara E., Oct 3, 1862; Emma, June 8, 1869 ; Emma was born June 7, 1848 ; Joho H., Oct. 3, 1850 ; Joseph S., April 5, 1853 ; Barbara E., June 14, 1858, and Martin, Nov. 7, 1860. CARR GEO. W. farmer ; Sec. 23 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Carr James, farmer ; Sec. 24 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Carmack J. W. laborer ; Sec 27 ; P. 0. Mt Morris. Cheney Geo. S. tinsmith ; Mt. Morris. Cheney S. H. drayman; Mt. Morris. Clark H. C. teacher ; Mt. Morris. Clevedence H. H. grain and stock ; Mt. MoitIs. Cline S. P. laborer ; Sec. 31 ; P. 0. Mt Morris. CorneU David S. farmer ; Sec. 1 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Cornell Fred, farmer ; Seo. 1 ; P. 0. Mt Morris. CorneU N. F. farmer ; Sec. 1 ; P. 0. Mt. Moms. Coy Henry, laborer ; Sec 6 ; P.O. Adeline. Coraly , farmer ; Sec. 12 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Crosby Robt. laborer ; Mt. Morris. Cross Jacob, farmer ; Sec. 18 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. AVIS EDWARD Mt. Morris. D' Davis George W. laborer ; Mt. Morris. DAVIS LEWIS L. Farmer ; Mount MorrLs ; bom May 18, 1842, in Boons boro, Md. ; son of Edward and Mary; member of M. B. Church ; enlisted in Company I, 140th Illinois Regt., May, 1864; served six months; was on pick et duty most of the time. Davis Solomon, restaurant ; Mt. Morris. Deihl John, farmer ; Sec 17 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Diffenbaugh Andrew, laborer ; P. 0. Ml. Morris. Dohlen Harm, farmer ; Sec. 16 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Domer Samuel, farmer ; Sec. 27 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. DOUGHERTY NEWTON C. Mount Morris; President of the Rock River Seminary ; bom in Chester Co., Pa., Jan. 10, 1847 ; came to Illinois in 1868, to Morris, Grundy Co., and en tered upon the position of Principal of the Grundy School, and from this school came to Mount Morris, and took the position of President of the Rock River Seminary ; married Dec 25, 1871, Anna Edwards, daughter of President Edwards, of the Normal University; MT. MORRIS TOWNSHIP. 771 she was born at Pembroke, Plymouth Co., Mass., June 13, 1851, and came West in 1861 ; have three children — Mabel, born Aug. 5, 1873, Horace R., born June 21, 1875, Ralph L., born Dec. 23, 1877 ; Mr. and Mrs. Dough erty are members of the Congregational Chureh ; under the popular but conser vative management of President Dough erty, this widely known institution of learning has gained rapidly in public esteem and usefulness, and the attend ance has increased from thirty-five pupils, until at this time the Seminary roll shows two hundred and five scholars in attendance. DOWARD ALFRED M. Wag on Maker ; Mount Morris ; bom in Berks Co., Pa., Oct. 5, 1833 ; son of Joshua and Esther A. ; came to Ogle Co. in the fall of 1850 ; married Mary A. Nichols, at Morrison, Whiteside Co., IU., Oct. 16, 1859 ; have six chU dren— Wm. A., born Dec 25, 1860, Frances M., born June 12, 1862, Oscar N., born March 3, 1864, Zenas 0., born June 19, 1866, Wm. 0., born June 25, 1868, Daisy D., born Aug. 3, 1872 ; held the office of Constable ; was a pri vate in Company D, 4th Illinois Cav alry ; enlisted in Ogle Co. Dec, 1863, and was discharged July 24, 1865 ; was in the Department of the Mississippi, but in no general engagement ; left Pennsylvania when six years old, and went to Ohio, and from there came to Ogle Co., 111. EASTON HENRY, laborer ; Mt. Morris. Eberts Charles, butcher ; Mt. Morris. Edwards R. A. teacher ; R. R. Sem. ; Mt. Morris. Emmert Daniel, farmer ; Sec. 4 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Emmert Michael, farmer ; Sec. 4 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. English George, laborer; P. 0. Mt. Mor ris. FARWELL HENRY J. farmer ; Sec 35 ; P. 0. Mt Morris. Felker Willoughby, farmer ; Sec 1 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Finney William, farmer ; Sec 6 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Firman J. B. parson ; Mt. Morris, Fish WiUiam, cooper ; Mt. Morris. Plater Christian, carpenter ; Sec. 20 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Follet Charies, farmer ; Seo 27 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Fouke P. Dorsey, porter ; Mt. Morris Fouke George S. shoemaker ; Mt. Morris. FOUKE WILLIAM J. Shoema ker ; Sec. 35 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris ; horn April 6, 1828, at Shepardstown, Va. ; son of George W. and Elizabeth Fouke ; came to Ogle Co. in 1846 ; married May 13, 1865, Sarah Sheets, born Oct. 1, 1849, in Hagprstown, Md., daughter of Joseph and Charlotte Sheets ; they have five children ; Sept. 7, 1861, Mr. Fouke enlisted in Co. H, 34th I. V. I., and was mustered out Sept. 17, 1864; was in the battles of Shiloh, Stone River, Chickamauga, and various skirmishes; his wife is a member of the M. B. Church. French John H. gardener ; Mt. Morris. Preerkson Derk, farmer ; Seo. 6 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Prevert Frederic, farm. ; Sec. 9 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Prevert Henry, farm. ; Sec. 5 ; P. 0. Ade line. Fridley Benj. H. farm.; Sec 35; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Fridley John P. farm. ; Sec. 36 ; P. 0. Mt.. Morris. FROST H. ELMER, Student at Rock River Seminary ; Mt Morris ; born in Ogle Co., IU., Jan. 28, 1859; son of Henry and Phoebe; the father of H. Elmer Frost (Henry Frost), was a member of 75th Regt. III. Inf, and was killed at the battle of Perryville ; the brother of H. Elmer Frost (Perceville P.) was a member of the Irish Brigade in the army of the Potomac Funk Peter, farm. ; P. 0 Mt. Morris. QARBER, D. S., farmer; Sec 30; P. 0. Adeline. Gelgendoner, Wm. E. Gibbs Geo. W. laborer ; Mt. Morris. GIBBS WILLIAM J. Weaver; Mt. Morris; born Oct. 30, 1808, in the city of Baltimore, Md. ; son of Richard and Rutha; married March 21, 1833, Sarah Cramer; born June 11, 1811, at Ann Arundel Co., Md.; daughter of John and Parah Kettle ; children — William H., born August 12, 1835; IsabeUe, March 5, 1838; Susan, August 18, 1840; Rachel A., June 14, 1843; 772 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY : Josephine V., June 2,1846; Geo. T. 'K., AprU 13, 1848 ; Sarah E., Jan. 20, 1852 ; came to Ogle Co., 1856 ; Mrs. ¦'(ibbs is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church; William H. Gibbs, the oldest son of William G. Gibbs, was one of the first to respond to President Lincoln's call for seventy-five thousand men for the army in the late war, and young Gibbs, in response to that call left the Rock River Seminary, where he was then attending school, and in com pany with twenty other members of the school, enlisted in Co. H, 15th IU. Regt., and were mustered into service at Free- port, May 24, 1861, as Lieut of Co. H. ; was promoted to be Capt. in 1862 ; was in the battles of Pittsburg Landing, Port Henry and the River Hatchie ; was with Gen. Grant at the capture of Vicks burg, and with Gen. Sherman at Jack^ son. Miss. ; was one of the parties who captured Jefferson Davis' library and gold headed cane ; and procured among the papers of Davis, the famous letter written hy ex-President Pierce to J. Davis, and which was published during the second Lincoln Presidential campaign. Gilbert H. M. merchant ; Mt. Morris. Gilbert Wm. N. merchant ; Mt. Morris. Giggons Andrew, farmer. Sec. 36 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Glasgow Peter, teamster ; Mt. Morris. Glasgow WUson, farmer ; Sec. 36 ; P. 0. Adeline. Glass R. laborer, S. 5 ; P. O. Adeline. Glass David, retired farmer ; Mt. Morris. Granger John, laborer ; Mt. Morris. Greenfield H. farmer. Sec 16 ; P. 0. Mt Morris. Gwynn Jos. S. clerk ; Mt. Morris. HAGERMAN HENRY, farmer. Sec. 4; P. 0. -AdeUne. Hankey Henry, farmer, Sec. 5 ; P. 0. Adeline. Harmon John, farmer. Sec 32 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Hayes Samuel, laborer ; Mt. Morris. Hayes James D. wheelwright ; Mt. Morris. Hedges W. Harley, well drUler; Mt. Morris. Hedrick Samuel, laborer ; Mt. Morris. HEISTAND JONATHAN, Parmer, Sec. 4 ; P. 0. Mt Morris ; owns 104 acres on Sec 4, valued at $7,000; born in Ogle County, Nov. 21, 1842, son of Henry and Elizabeth. The father of Jonathan was born in Washmgton Co., Md., March 21, 1803, and his mother April 16, 1807. Henry Heistand died at the age of sixty-six years ; was for several years prior to his death Town Commissioner and Super visor, and also Town Assessor. He came to Ogle County in 1838, coming here from the State of Ohio. Jonathan Heistand was for some five years a stu dent in the Rock River Seminary. Heister Robert C. laborer ; Mt. Morris. Herns Levi, farmer; Sec. 36; P. 0. Mt Morris. Hibarger Calvin, farmer ; Sec. 31 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Hilger Jacob, farmer ; Mt. Morris. HUmer Christ, farmer. Sec. 5; P. , 0. Adeline. HUmer Frederic, farmer ; Sec 9 ; P. 0. Adeline. HITT JOHN W. farmer and cap- halist ; Sec. 27 ; P. 0. Mt Morris. Hitt Robert R. Sec Leg. Paris ; Mt. Morris. Hitt Thomas M. clerk D. C. ; Mt. Morris. HoLoinger Albert, laborer ; Sec. 25 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Holsinger David, laborer ; Sec. 20 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Holsinger Emanuel, laborer ; Sec. 32 ; P.O. Mt. Morris. Holsinger John R. mason ; Mt. Morris. Holsinger Levi, laborer ; Sec. 32 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Holsinger William, student; Mt. Morris. Horst Conrad S. farmer ; Sec 17 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Horst George, farmer ; Sec. 17 ; P. 0. Mt. M orris. Horst George Jr. farmer ; Sec. 17 ; P. 0. Mt Morris. Householder Denni^, painter; Mt. Morris. HOUSEHOLDER PETER, Mount Morris; born Aug. 10, 1835, in Washington Co., Md. ; came to Mount Morris with his father in 1837 ; mar ried Anna Sheets Nov., 1869, this be ing his second marriage ; is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church; children — Claud, born June 4, 1861; WUliam, born July S, 1863 ; Roy, born July 4, 1866 ; was a member of Co. H, 34th 111. Infantry, enlisted in Sept., 1861, and was commissioned 1st Lieu tenant of that Company Dec. 27, 1862 ; MT. MORRIS TOWNSHIP. 773 Captain of the Company Sept. 12, 1863 ; participated in the battles of Shiloh, capture of Corinth, Miss., and Stone River, where he was wounded in the discharge of his duty by being shot through the side, and was confined in hospital No. 8, at NashviUe, Tenn., four months, when he again took command *Df his Company, and was in the battle of Liberty Gap, Tenn., and Resaca, Ga., where he was shot through the thighs by canister shot, and was then declared unfit for active service, and transferred to the Commissary Department, and on Dec. 6, 1864, finally mustered out of service ; in the year 1875, was elected a member of the Town Board of Mount Morris. Housholder Samuel, laborer ; Mt. Morris. JIMMERSON EDWARD, laborer; Mt. Morris. Jimmerson Herman, restaurant; Mt. Morris. Jones William P. parson ; Mt. Morris. AUPMAN H. G. teacher; Mt. Mor- K^ Keedy Chas. C. teamster ; Mt. Morris. Keedy Edw. farmer ; Sec. 36 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Keedy Jacob, retired farmer ; Mt. Morris. Keedy Jones M. cooper ; Mt. Morris. Kennedy Geo. S. mason; Mt. Morris. Keplinger Wm. P. laborer ; Mt. Morris. KNIGHT HEZEKIAH T. Blacksmith and Farmer ; Mt. Morris ; came to Ogle Co. in 1856 ; born in Chenango Co., N. Y., Aug. 25, 1806 ; son of Joshua and Ruth ; married Emma Angel Dec. 24, 1829, daughter of Phillip and Mehitabel, of Newport, R. I.; children^ Joshua A., Louisa M., David, Delia A., Whitman H., Helen A. Mr. Knight has been Road Com missioner for several years in Ogle Co., and was Adjt. Gen. of MUitia in the State of New York ; husband and wife are members of the M. E. Church, but have been communicants of both the Presbyterian and Congregational Churches. Knode A. 0. blacksmith ; Mt. Morris. Knodle Chas. E. carpenter ; Mt. Morris. Knodle P. P. jeweler ; Mt. Morris. Knodle Jacob A. wagon maker; Mt. Morris. Knodle Jonathan, carpenter ; Mt. Morris. KNODLE PETER Sr. Express man and Mail Carrier ; Mt. Morris ; born in Washington Co., Md., Jan. 12, 18'J2, son of Jonathan and Barbara; came to Ogle Co., 111., September, 1841 ; March 17, 1848, married Mary Stauffer, a native of Washington Co., Md., who was born Oct 11, 1825. ChUdren— Geo. M., born Dec. 7, 1848 ; Mary A., Sept. 29, 1856 ; Alice I., April 17, 1858 ; Andrew L., Sept 3, 1862. After the death of his first wife, and on Nov. 19, 1863, he married Mrs. Mary Crow ell, born in Champaign Co., Ohio, Dec. 1, 1835. Mrs. Crowell, at the time of this marriage, had two children, viz., Cassius C. Crowell, born May 2, 1 857, and Cora B. CroweU, Aug. 27, 1859. One chUd only has been born as the fruits of this last union, namely, Leona M., born Nov. 6, 1875. Mr. Knodle was Constable for twenty-five years. Tax Collector for four teen years. Sheriff two years. School Treasurer for twenty-one years ; was Printer and Publisher of the Rock River Register, established in Mt. Morris in- January, 1842, the first newspaper ever published in Ogle County, and the sec ond paper started this side of Galena. Mr. Knodle aud bis first wife were both active members of the Methodist Epis copal Church. KNODLE SAMUEL, Grocery and Restaurant ; born in Washington Co., Md., Aug. 4, 1820 ; son of Samuel and Jane ; married Jan. 12, 1843, Ellen Dick, who was born at Winches ter, Va., June 12, 1823, daughter of Peter and Maza ; children — Emanuel L., born AprU 17, 1844; Washington I., born June 13, 1845 ; Charies W., born AprU 13, 1847; Ann M., born July 3, 1849 ; Edwin W., born Dec 5, 1850, Jennie E., born June 8, 1857; Lillie B., born Jan. 5, 1860; Thomas 0., born Aug. 29, 1863, Ernest B., born Oct 5, 1868; came to Ogle Co. AprU 12, 1866; Town Clerk ; elected in 1858 and served until 1860 ; member of the Board of Trustees of the village of Mt. Morris, for several terms; Township Collector for the year 1876 ; wife a member of the Lutheran Church. KOONTZ NICHOLAS T. Blacksmith ; Mount Morris ; born in Carroll Co., Md., AprU 20, 1839 ; came 774 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY : to Ogle Co. in 1864 ; AprU 11, 1865, married Susan Mumma, who was born July 25, 1845 ; had five children, viz. : Charies C, born Sept 25, 1866 ; Mary E., born AprU 26, 1868; William W., born May 22, 1870 ; Gracy M., born Dec. 18, 1871 ; Lulu Lee, born March 7, 1876. LEMAN WYNKOOP, grain dealer, Mt. Morris. Little A. W. carpenter ; Mt. Morris. Little H. I. merchant ; Mt. Morris. Littie W. P. clerk ; Mt. Morris. Lipe L. L. parson ; Mt. Morris. Lohafer P. farmer ; Sec 16 ; P. 0. Mt Morris. Lohafer "Wm. farmer ; Sec. 21 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Long Isaac, farmer; Sec. 18; P. O. Mt. Morris. Long Jacob, threshing machine ; Mount Morris. Long Rawleigh, threshing machine ; Mt. Morris. Lookabaugh John, Sr., lab.: Sec 12 ; P. 0. Mt Morris. Lookabaugh John, lab.; Mt. Morris. Lookabaugh Jacob, farmer ; Sec. 15 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Lookabaugh Samuel, mach.; Mt. Morris. Lookabaugh Samuel B. laborer ; Sec. 15 ; P. 0. Mt. Moris. LOTT ELIJAH, Retired Mer chant and Farmer ; Mt. Morris ; born in Danville, Pa., Feb. 19, 1806 ;' son of George and Elizabeth ; removed to Illi nois in the year 1834, and settled in Greene County, and was engaged in the mercantUe business at Whitehall, in Greene Co., from 1835 untU 1842*hold- ing the ofiice of Postmaster, at that place during all that time; May 2, 1846, he removed to Ogle Co., III., and en gaged in the business of farming ; sub sequently sold his farm, and, in October, 1872, engaged in the mercantile busi ness in the village of Mt. Morris, and continued in business up to 1875; Aug. 20, 1827, he married Matilda Jarboe, a native of Clark Co., Ohio, born May 2, 1812, a daughter of PhUip and Ruth.; chUdren — WUliam W., born Sept. 27, 1829 ; Malind L., Feb. 25, 1835 ; Ma tilda E., born May 27, 1838; Mary E., •Inly 21, 1848 ; was elected to the office of Justice of the Peace in the year 1871, and re-elected in 1875 ; appointed Notary PubUc in 1877 ; was Township Treasurer from 1847 to 1850, and Town ship School Treasurer during the same period. Loughridge WUliam L. laborer ; Sec 32 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. McCASH JOHN, physician; Mt Morris. McCoy R. S. farmer ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. McCoy Jas. B. Constable ; Mt Morris. McCOY JAMES B. City Marshal of Mt. Morris ; Sec 26 ; P. 0. Mt Morris; born Aug. 17, 1845, in Ogle Co., III.; son of James B. and Elizabeth McCoy. Married Mary A. Smith, daughter of Stephen Smith, of De Kalb Co., IU., December 11, 1873 ; they have one chUd — James Archibald, bom Jan. 26, 1876. James B. McCoy, the father of the present City Marshal of Mt. Morris, was born Aug. 14, 1810, in Washington Co., Md., and came to Ogle Co. in 1838; he married on Easter morning, 1841, to Mrs. Elizabeth An keny, who was born in Washington Co., Md., July 12, 1813, and was the daughter of John and Elizabeth Swing- ley ; Mrs. McCoy came to Ogle Co. in 1836, and built one of the first houses in the town of Mt. Morris ; chUdren — Ann A. Ankeny, born Jan. 22, 1831 ; Nathaniel L. A. Ankeny, Aug. 17, 1833; John E. McCoy, Jan. 22, 1842; James B. McCoy, Aug. 17, 1845; Archibald P. McCoy, Jan. 1, 1849; WiUiam H. McCoy, Nov. 6. 1853; AUen J. McCoy, Oct 17, 1857. Mr. McCoy was a contractor for the Rock River Seminary buUding, and erected the first building connected with that institution ; he buUt his present beauti ful homestead in the year 1853 ; and died Jan. 14, 1871, a man universally respected and esteemed by all who knew him ; himself and wife were both active members of the Lutheran Church. McCoy John E. farmer ; Sec 33 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. McCoy Rigdon, mason ; Mt. Morris. McCoy Wm. H. farmer ; Sec. 35 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. McCUTCHEN ROBERT, Farm er ; Sec 32 ; Mt. Morris ; homestead consisting of ten acres, valued at $300 ; born Oct 6, 1835, in Bedford Co., Pa., MT. MORRIS TOWNSHIP. 775 son of Robert and Elizabeth ; came to Ogle Co. in 1876 ; March 1, 1866, was married to Mary E. Bowman; born May 11, 1844, in Washington Co., Md. ; daughter of WiUiam and Susanna ; on Aug. 2, 1862, he enlisted in the nine months' service, in Co. C, 126th Regi ment Penn. W. Vols., and was dis charged Aug. 20, 1863 ; re-enlisted in Veteran Corps, in Co. K, in the 17th Regiment, Aug. 7, 1874, and was dis charged in June, 1875 ; was in the bat tles of Five Porks and Chancellorsville, and at the surrender of Lee's Army ; have five children — Catharine, William, Ann, Martha J., Curry C. and John, deceased ; his wife is a member of the Dunkards' church. McNett Bartholomew ; teamster ; Mt. Morris. McNett C. teamster ; Mt. Morris. McNett Chas. farmer; Sec 16; P. 0. Mt Morris. McNett John H. teamster ; Mt. Morris. MARSHALL REUBEN S. Farmer; Sec 11; P. 0. Mt Morris ; homestead contains 370 acres on Section 11, valued at $26,000 ; owns in aU 674 acres, balance in Sees. 1, 12, and 10 born in Christian Co., N. Y., Oct. 4 1827 ; came to Ogle Co., March 19 1837; is the son of Philip and Louisa at the time Mr; Marshall came to Mt. Morris, the only persons li-ving in the township were two old bachelors by the name of Crowell ; married, Jan. 13, 1852, to Matilda Steffa, who was born Washington Co., Md.. July 29, 1830, and was the daughter of WUliam and EUzabeth, and who died Feb. 24, 1875; there were ten children born, as the re sults of their marriage — ^Wm. C, born March 6, 1853; Mary E., May 6, 1854 Emma M., May 28, 1855; Ira W. Aug. 4, 1857; Chas. B., Jan. 30, 1859 Albertus S., July 27, 1861; Francis E. June 12, 1863 ; Ida E., Feb. 3, 1866 John C, Sept 10. 1867; Grace A. April 24, 1869 ; Viola, Dec. 11, 1870 Oliver E., March 21, 1873; all of whom, except Mary E. and Charles E., are liv ing ; Mr. Marshall has been School Di rector nineteen years, and Road Com missioner eleven years ; the lumber and material used in the construction of his house were drawn by teams from Chicago. MarshaU WUliam C. farmer. Sec 2; P. 0. Mt. Morris. McNUTT JOHN H. Teamster; Mt Morris; born in Ogle Co., 111., Sept 17, 1843; mairied Oct 10, 1867, Ann House ; children— Ella, born Aug. 9, 1868; Sam'l, Dec 21, 1870 ; Charies, Dec 16, 1873; Gertrude, July 31, 1875; Walter, Dec 26, 1877. Meier August, farmer. Sec 6 ; P. 0. Adeline. Meier Aughest H. farmer. Sec. 6; P. 0. Adeline. Meunch Jacob, farmer. Sec. 5 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Middlekauff Henry, farmer. Sec. 36; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Middour Samuel, merchant ; Mt. Morris. MIDDLEKAUFF HENRY, Parmer, Sec 25 and 26; P. 0. Mt Morris ; owns 185 acres, valued at $11,100 ; was born in Washington Co., Md., May 28, 1823, and is the son of Jacob and Elizabeth; came to Ogle County, June, 1846; Jan. 17, 1848, married Elizabeth Thomas, a native of Washington Co., Md., born Feb. 10, 1829, and was the daughter of Henry and Catherine Middlekauff ; have seven children, all of whom, except Charles C, are still living. Their names and dates of birth are as follows : Martha A., born Dec. 30, 1850; Charles C, Feb. 7, 1854; Alfred C, June 23, 1861 ; Austin, March 22, 1863 ; Min nie, April 29, 1867 ; Seymour, Nov. 5, 1868; Fred, Oct 26, 1871, Miles Charles C, fence maker ; Mt. Morris. Miller Abraham, farmer. Sec. 31 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Miller A. Q. teaches ; Mt. Morris. MiUer Jacob G. farmer. Sec. 33 ; P. O. Mt. Morris. MUler Joseph P. farmer, Seo. 34 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. MiUer Michael E. farmer. Sec. 29 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Miller Spencer V. printer ; Mt. Morris. MILLER UPTON, Furniture Man ufacturer ; Mt. Morris ; born in Wash ington Co., Md., March 22, 1828, son of Peter and Elizabeth ; married Maria L. Davis, April 22, 1849, who was born Oct 1, 1831, the daughter of Solomon and Mary Zook, and a native of Wash ington Co., Md. Children — WiUiam 46 776 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY : H., born July 23, 1850 ; Eliza J., July 8, 1855 ; John D., Oct 26, 1858 ; Thomas M., Sept. 1, 1863. Mr. MUler and wife are both members of the Lu theran Church. MUler William H. furniture dealer ; Mt. Morris. Moats Daniel, farmer ; Sec. 3 ; P.O. Mt Morris. Moats Henry T. farmer ; Sec. 25 ; P. 0. Mt Morris. Moats William E. tailor ; Mt. Morris. Mooney Edward, R. R. ag't ; Mt. Morris. Miller Prank, farmer ; Sec. 4 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Mumma Jonathan, miner ; Mt Morris. MUMMA SAMUEL P. Grain, Stock and Commission Merchant ; Mt. Morris ; was born in Pine Creek Tp. Ogle Co., IU., Oct 4, 1844; son of Shaffer and Naomi ; married Louisa Swingley, Feb. 22, 1870, a daughter of Benjamin and Catherine Swingley ; his wife was born Oct. 4, 1844 ; chUdren — Willis S., born Dec. 22, 1870 ; Ida E., born Dec. 9, 1873 ; Edgar Shaffer, born Sept 24, 1876 ; Mr. Mumma was elect ed Constable of Mount Morris Tp. in 1877 ; is a member of the Board of Town Trustees; first elected in 1874. Myers Charles H. painter ; Mt. Morris. Myers John H. farmer ; Sec 21 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Myers William, mason ; Mt. Morris. IVTALLY SOLOMON, farmer; S. 11 ; JJN P. 0. Mt Morris. Nebinger Robt. laborer ; Mt. Morris. Neff A. blacksmith ; Mt. Morris. Neff Clark C. farmer ; Sec 28 ; P. O. Mt. Morris. NEFF HENRY A. P. 0. Mt. Mor ris; owns 160 acres on Sec. 28, valued at $11,000 ; born in Frederick City, Md., Aug. 30, 1814; son of Abraham and Amelia; came to Ogle Co. in the year 1842 ; married March 3, 1839, to Cynthia Ann McNutt; bom in 1813, and a native of Washington Co., Md. ; chUdren — Margaret A., born Aug. 15, 1840 ; Charies P., born March 20, 1842 ; WUliam H., born April 5, 1845 ; Mrs. Neff died ; his second marriage occurred March 27, 1846, with Indiana Clark, a native of Madison Co., Ind., who was born March 3, 1824; chUdren bv second marriage — Addison W., born March 14, 1847 ; Clark C, bom Jan 19, 1849 ; Lura B., born May 9, 1855 ; Mary E., born AprU 22, 1852; MUton C, born May 20, 1857 ; Emma J., born Oct. 2, 1861 ; Thyetta J., born July 30, 1863; Mr. Neff's present wife is a mem ber ofthe M. B. Church; Mr. Neff has been School Director two years ; Charles P. Neff, the oldest son of Mr. N., was a member of 15th 111. Regt. ; enlisted 1861, discharged 1863 ; was in the bat tles of ShUob, Corinth, and at the last named engagement was taken prisoner. Newcomer Andrew, retired ; Mt. Morris. Newcomer A. M. plasterer ; Mt. Morris. Newcomer A. N. farmer ; Mt. Morris. Newcomer C. B. farmer ; Sec. 21 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris; Newcomer Chas. banker ; Mt. Morris. NEWCOMER DAVID, Physician and Surgeon ; 3Iount Morris ; born July 26, 1830, in Franklin Co., Pa. ; son of Daniel and Barbara ; married Nov. 18, 1851, Mary S. Frank, born AprU 30, 1831, a native of Franklin Co., Pa., and daughter of Jacob and Catherine ; came to Ogle Co. in the Spring of 1871 ; children — Martha, born June 3, 1853; Mary K., born May 30, 1855, Barbara A., born June 18, 1856 ; David W., born Nov. 18, 1858 ; Harry C, born AprU 3, 1861 ; lost one child in in fancy ; May, 1862, enlisted in the army, and acted in the capacity of Assistant Surgeon some nine months, and was as signed to duty in connection with Gen. Heintzelman's corps and the Army of the Potomac ; self and wife members of the Lutheran Church. NEWCOMER HENRY H. Sad die and Harness Maker ; Mount Morris ; came to Ogle Co. in the Spring of 1846 ; born in Washington Co., Md., Dec 20, 1835; married Ellen S. Highbarger, a native of Washington Co., Md., Sept. 7, 1861; she was born Oct 14,1840; daughter of Jacob Highbarger ; have two chUdren, viz. : — Henry H., born June 21, 1862, and Ernest, born July 21, 1864; was a private in Company H, 34th Regt. 111. Inf ; commissioned 2d Lieutenant in 1862, and Captain same year ; in the Pall of 1864, entered Company I, 142d IU. Regt as Orderly Sergeant, and was mustered out Nov. 1, 1864 ; was in the battles of Shiloh, MT. MORRIS TOWNSHIP. 777 Corinth, PerryvUle, Stone River, Lib erty Gap, and various other engage ments. Newcomer Melchoir, farmer ; Sec 26 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Newcomer Wm. A. plasterer; Mt. Morris. Nicholas Wm. laborer ; Mt. Morris. Noel M. P. shoemaker ; Mt Morris. Nye Jno. H. carpenter ; Mt. Morris. ODELL REUBEN, retired; Mt. Morris. Ohr Jacob P. clerk ; Mt. Morris. PALMER DANIEL, laborer; Mt. Morris. Palmer Daniel J. laborer ; Mt. Morris. Palmer John K. laborer ; Mt. Morris. PALMER JOSEPH, Carriage Manufacturer; Mt. Morris ; owns eighty acres on Sec. 10; valued at $1,600; born Jan. 14, 1830, in Washington Co., Md.; came to Ogle Co. June 3, 1827 ; married Nov. 14, 1860, Emily A. Ad dison, who was bom in Erie Co., Pa., April 12, 1839 ; have four children — John R., born Dec 8, 1867 ; Mary E.; Charies H., Feb. 21, 1872 ; Leah B., Oct. 7, 1877 ; he is a RepubUcan. PARKER T. H. Farmer; P.O. Mt Morris; was born Oct. 17, 1859, in Pecatonica, Winnebago Co., 111. ; came to Ogle Co. in 1870 ; unmarried. Parr John H. teacher R. R. Sem.; Mt Morris. Patterson John, farm.; Sec. 17 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Patterson Robert, farmer ; Sec. 18 ; P. 0. Mt Morris. Petrie Upton, farm. ; S. 5 ; P. 0. Adeline. Peterson Benj. P. laborer; P. O. Mt. Morris. Pinckney Charles C. farm. ; Sec. 29 ; P. 0. Mt Morris. Pinckney Daniel J. farm.; Sec. 27; P 0. Mt Morris. Potter Calvin A. blacksmith; Mt. Morris. Potter Nelson T. farmer ; Sec 4 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Pond WUlard, farmer ; Sec. 22 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. RAHNS C. farmer; Sec 16; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Rebuck John, farmer ; Sec. 9; P. O. Mt. Morris. REDFIELD SIDNEY, Masnn; Mt Morris; born Jan. 28, 1824, at Springfield, 111 ; mairied Lydia A. PhiUips, Nov. 22, 1848 ; daughter of Myron and Lina ; children — Mary J., born Dec 27, 1852 ; Almira, May 22, 1859 ; WUley R., March 8, 1862 ; Henry S., August 15, 1865 ; Martha A., Nov. 1, 1867 ; FrankUn M., March 28, 1870 ; Dora P., Sept 27, 1872 ; Geo. A., Jan. 27, 1876 ; came to Ogle Co., IU., 1836. Reiken Peter, farmer ; Sec 16 ; P. 0. Mt Morris. Reiste John, mason; Sec. 18 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. RENNE SAMUEL W. Parmer; Sec. 22 ; P.O. Mt. Morris ; owns 120 acres, valued at $8,400 ; born Aug. 31, 1830, at Bast St Louis, St Clair Co., 111. ; son of James S. and Partbena Pow ers Renne ; James S. Renne, the father of Samuel W., was born in Berkshire Co., Mass., in 1804, and came West in the year 1818, in the United States Army and was quartered at Rock Island and assisted in erecting the first military fort ever built north of St. Louis ; the balance of his life, after he came to this State, was passed here, and he finally died in Springfield, IU., Dec 14, 1876, after having filled the office of Assessor for the city of Springfield, and many other important positions of trust, uni versally respected and esteemed ; Mr. Thomas Powers, the grandfather of Mr' Renne, on his mother's side, emigrated to III., in 1804, and settled in Bond Co., where he erected the first flour and saw-mUl ever built in this State ; he was a prominent man in all the early affairs in this State ; subsequently he emigrated to Arkansas, and was a mem ber of the Legislature of that State ; Mr. Renne was married June 20, 1852, to Elizabeth J. Grubb, a native of Washington Co., Md., born Jan. 10, 1833, daughter of William C. and Eliz abeth Grubb ; the father and mother of Mrs. Renne came to Ogle Co., in 1845, and settled in Mt. Morris Township ; Mrs. Elizabeth J. Renne has borne eleven chUdren, seven of whom are still living — Martha M., born Sept 27, 1858 ; James W. G., May 13, 1861 ; , Ulysses S., Oct. 21, 1863; Elvaretta L., Nov. 9, 1865 ; Frances L., Jan. 16, 1867 ; Mary A., Dec 14, 1872 ; Daniel P., Sept. 26, 1874; Mr. Renne came 778 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY : to Ogle Co., in 1851, and for the last fifteen years has taken a prominent part in the Republican politics of this county ; he was a member of Co. A, 10th U. S. Regt., Capt. Bond, in the war with the Republic of Mexico. RICE ISAAC, Physician and Sur geon ; Mt. Morris ; owns 200 acres on Sec 10, valued at $14,000 ; also owns 600 acres in Township 25 ; in Sec 32, 40 acres ; in Sec 33, 240 acres ; in Sec 28, 340 acres ; in Sec. 29, 80 acres ; is a graduate of Rush Medical College ; is a member of the Banking firm of New comer & Rice, of the Bank of Mount Morris ; came to Ogle County in 1837 ; married, Jan. 14, 1857, to Sarah Hie stand, who was born January 27, 1836, in "Washington Co., Md., and was a daughter of Henry and Elizabeth; have had three children — Rowland, born Feb. 10, 1858; Anna, March 22, 1860; Joseph L., Dec 23, 1866; the first two deceased ; there were no schools in Ogle Co. at the time the father of Dr. Rice came to this county, and his father built the first school house ever located in this county ; the Doctor, at an early day, devoted his time to school teaching, and for years alternated between teaching and attending school at the Rook River Seminary ; and in that way laid the foundation not only of his future use fulness, but of a solid education ; he was a member of the State Legislature for the years 1872 and 1874, and is a gentleman of sterling business qualifica tions; his wife is a member of Methodist Episcopal Church; Mr. R. is Republi can in politics. Rice Jacob, farmer ; Sec. 3 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Rice Simon, laborer ; Sec. 22 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Rice Wm. A. farmer; Sec. 3 ;^ P. 0. Mt. Morris. Rife E. P. farmer ; Sec. 31 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Rife Geo. W. farmer ; Sec 31 ; P. 0. Mt Morris. Ridenour Benj., laborer; Sec. 32; P.O. Mt. Morris. Ridenour Daniel, laborer ; Mt. Morris. RINE BENJAMIN, Carpenter and Joiner ; Mount Morris ; born in Cum berland Co., Pa., Jan. 5, 1845 ; came to Ogle Co. in 1853 ; married Mary M. Fish, of Mount Morris, daughter of William and Mary ; have four children — Mertle U., born AprU 21, 1866 ; Anna M., born March 4, 1870 ; Ben jamin B. born Aug. 13, 1873; Fred, bom Aug. 13, 1875; enlisted in Com pany I, 140th Regt 111. Vols., and was mustered out at the close of the war, Oct. 29, 1864 ; was in various en gagements during the war ; Mrs. Rine was a native of Washington Co., Md. RINE DAVID, Retired Merchant ; Mount Morris; born Feb. 14, 1836, in Cumberland Co., Pa., son of David and Anna ; came to Ogle Co. in 1853 ; mar ried June 2, 1859, to Eliza C. Shearer, who was born in Washington Co., Md., Sept. 8, 1839, and was the daughter of Jacob and Amelia ; both members of the Lutheran Church. Rine William, farmer ; Sec 25 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. RINER GEO. H. Carpenter, Con tractor and Builder ; Mt. Morris ; resi dence cor. of Main and Ogle sts. ; born in Berkeley Co., W. Va., Sept 10, 1849; went from there to St. Louis, Mo., in 1878, and came to Mt. Morris in 1873 ; married Augusta C. Stroh, March 2, 1876 ; Mrs. Riner is a native of Ogle Co., IU., and was born Feb. 15, 1845 ; have one chUd named Margarett, born May 31, 1877 ; Mrs. Riner is a mem ber of the Lutheran Church. Ring John P. blacksmith ; Mt. Morris. Rizner G. C. Mt. Morris. Rohrer Samuel P. tel. opr. ; Mt. Morris. Roskam Albert, farmer ; Sec 22 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Rohrer Martin T. Justice of the Peace ; Mt. Morris. Royer George, farmer ; Sec. 24. Routzahn WiUiam, laborer ; Mt. Morris. Roadenizer Jacob, laborer ; Sec. 32 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. ROHRER MARTIN T. Retired Farmer ; born June 9, 1827, in Wash ington Co., Md. ; son of Frederick and Elizabeth ; came to Ogle Co. in 1853 ; married March 1, 1853, to Margaret A. Avey of same county ; daughter of Wil liam and Nancy ; Mrs. Rohrer was born Feb. 21, 1829 ; chUdren— Laura E., Jan. 30, 1854; Samuel P., Sept 16, 1855; Ellen P., Jan. 21, 1858 ; Georgiana, MT. MORRIS TOWNSHIP. 779 March 23, 1860 ; Joseph H., Oct. 30, 1861 ; Mary C, July 21, 1863 ; Mar tin I., AprU 2, 1865 ; Maud L., May 16, 1868 ; has held the office of Com missioner of Highways for three years, elected in 1863 ; was Township Clerk from 1865 to 1869 ; School Director from 1856 to 1865 ; was Township Assessor for the year 1858 ; was a member of the Board of Trustees from 1 866 to 1874, and under the new villiage charter was Clerk of the Board of Trustees from April, 1875, to April, 1877, was Township Assessor for the year 1876 ; elected Justice of the Peace in 1877 for the term of four years. Roskam John, laborer. Sec. 32 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Rowe Martin, laborer. Sec. 2 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Rowe Henry, farmer. Sec. 1 ; P. O. Mt. Morris. Rubsamen Charles, laborer ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. SAMSEL EDWARD, laborer. Sec. 14 ; P. 0. Mt Morris. Samsel Wm. C. farmer. Sec. 2 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Seibert Benj. D. retired farmer ; Mt. Morris. Shaper Wm. farmer, S. 5 ; P. 0. Adeline. SHARER HENRY, Retired Capitalist; Mt. Morris; born' in Wash ington Co.', Md., March 29, 1817 ; first came to the State of Illinois in the year 1835 ; returned to Maryland soon after, and in 1839, with his private conveyance and pack of faithful dogs, he made the journey from his native State to Illinois, and located within one mile of the pres ent vUlage of Mt Morris. In 1842, he moved to Brodie's Grove, residing there seven years, and then retumed to Mt. Morris. In 1842, the nearest point at which a pound of sugar could be pur chased was Sycamore, De Kalb County. Mr. Sharer has been twice married. His first marriage was with Miss Cor nelia Metier, a native of Washington Co., Md., Nov. 6, 1845 ; born Sept. 21, 1823, who bore him five children — Morton N., born Aug. 18, 1846; John C, Nov. 28, 1847 ; Ann E., Sept 10, 1849 ; Luella M., Aug. 11, 1851 ; Cor nelia M., Sept 9, 1854, the first and last named of which have since died. Mrs. Sharer departed this life Sept. 22' 1855. She was an active member of the Lutheran Church and a most exem plary woman. His second marriage was with Mrs. Sarah A. Hewett, Jan. 28, 1858 ; she was a native of Wash ington Co., Md.,and born Jan. 10, 1834. She has borne him one chUd — -Charles H., born Sept 25, 1859. Mrs. S. A. Sharer is an active member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. Sharer for the last eight years has been School Trustee ; is an uncompromising Democrat. SHARER JO H N J. Editor of Ogle County Democrat ; Mount Morris ; bom in the town of Mount Morris, Nov. 28, 1847; was elected Township Collector in 1873, and Clerk of the vil lage of Mount Morris in May, 1877 ; editor of the Ogle County Democrat, a large eight-column paper, printed in the best style of workmanship, and is in every respect a " live" newspaper. SHANK GEORGE, Retired farm er ; Mount Morris ; born Feb. 8, 1826, in Frederick Co., Md. ; came to Ogle Co. June, 1849 ; married Dec. 28, 1848, Susan Malone ; she was a native of Washington Co., Md., daughter of Jas. and Susan Malone ; children— Laura, born AprU 22, 1850, married to Arthur Newcomer, May 6, 1875; George, born June 16, 1856 ; Mr. and Mrs. Shank are members ofthe Lutheran Church. Shank Geo. M. telegraph operator, Mt. Morris. Shofstal Jonathan, farmer ; Sec. 6 ; P. 0. Adeline. Shulty Harm Jr. farmer ; Sec. 5 ; P. 0. Adeline. Shulty Harm, farmer ; Sec. 5 ; P. 0. Ade line. Sigler George, laborer ; Sec. 15 ; P. O. Mt. Morris. Skinner Fenton F., shoemaker ; Mt Morris. Skinner Peyton, shoemaker ; Mt Morris. Skinner WUliam, shoemaker ; Mt. Morris. Slifer Andrew, farmer; Sec 11 ; P. 0. Mt Morris. SMITH D. H. (of the firm of Hitt, Smith & Co., Hardware and Farm Im plements) ; Parmer and Merchant ; Sec. 14 ; P. 0. Mount Morris ; born in Orange Co. N.Y., July 21, 1830; son 780 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY: of Peter and Elizabeth ; came to Ogle Co. in 1856 ; married Sept 21, 1865, to Martha A. Little, who was born in Lou isa Co., Iowa, Oct. 19, 1842 ; was the daughter of WUliam and Elizabeth W. ; have had three children, viz. : Mabel, born April 15, 1867, Henry B., born Jan. 1, 1869, WiUiam E., born Oct. 19, 1871 ; Mr. Smith was School Direct or for several years ; homestead com prises 210 acres, valued $16,000 ; also owns 80 acres in Seo. 20, 60 acres in Seo. 16, 98.40 acres in Sec. 25, and 40 acres in S. 15, valued in aU at $13,900. Smith Chas. farmer ; Sec. 34 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Smith Blihu B. well-driller ; Mt. Morris. SMITH H. L. Liveryman, Mt Morris; born Feb. 28, 1831, in Orange Co.,N. Y.; came to Ogle Co., 1856; married Martha A. Brace, of Chemung Co., N. Y., Feb. 24, 1855 ; chUdren— Adelbert, born Jan. 23, 1850 ; Peter J., born Feb. 7, 1860 ; Alvin E., born AprU 13, 1862 ; Martha A., wife of H. L. Smith, died Aug. 20, 1862 ; May 18, 1867, H. L. Smith married Rebecca Holley, of Ogle Co., IU. ; chUdren — Joseph B., born May 21, 1869 ; Alveretta, born Jan. 17, 1875; Mrs. Smith, second wife of H. L. Smith, died March 18, 1875. Smith Jothan M. hardware; Mt. Morris. Smith Nicholas, laborer; Mt. Morris. Smith Steven, farmer ; Sec. 22 ; P. 0. Mt Morris. Smith Wm. butcher ; Seo. 22 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Sprecher Daniel Sr. grain and stock ; Mt. Morris. Sprecher Geo. farmer ; Mt. Morris. Sprecher Jno. merchant ; Mt. Morris. Sprecher, Lewis, farmer ; Sec. 22 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Sprecher P. Sr. reti. farmer; Mt Morris. Sprecher P. T. farmer ; S. 25 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. STAHLHUT HENRY, P. 0. Mt. Morris. Stahlhut August, farmer; Sec. 10 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Stahlhut August H. farmer; S. 10 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Stahlhut William, farmer; Sec 10 ; P.O. Mt Morris. Strangle Andrew, farmer ; Seo. 19 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. STANGER CHARLES B. Mer chant Tailor ; Mount Morris ; born April 26, 1829, in Anne Arundel Co., Md., son of Samuel and Elizabeth ; came to Ogle Co. 1870 ; June 19, 1860, mar ried Sarah McDonald, who was born Aug. 25, 1837, and was the daughter of Jacob and Hannah J. McDonald ; have had one chUd, born May 23, 1861, named Anna E. Startzman Edward 0. restaurant ; Mt. Morris. Startzman John, chairmaker ; Mt. Morris. Steinhagee C. farmer ; Sec 5 ; P. 0. Ade line. STEPHENS BENJ. G. Physi cian ; Mount Morris ; born in Cornwall, England, June 22, 1827 ; came to Quebec, Canada, in 1832, and to Ogle Co. 1841 ; married Florence Hoverland, July, 1870, who was a native of Erie Co., N. Y., and born in 1849; they have three children, viz. : Fanny, .Mary E., and George ; he is a graduate of Rush Medical College, having received his diploma in 1850; he was the pub lisher of the first newspaper ever pub lished in Ogle Co. ; was connected with it for two years ; it was known as the Roch River Register, and first issued in 1849 ; two years later the paper and materials were sold to parties in Grand Detour, and its name changed. He is the present President of the Board of Trustees of Mount Morris. STEWART JOHN T. Carpenter and Contractor, Mt. Morris ; born in Baltimore Co., Md., May 25, 1829; son of Stephen and Celia; married Nov. 18, 1852, Laura B. Franks, a native of Clark Co., Va. ; born May 1, 1836 ; a daughter of Henry and Ann ; came to Ogle Co. in Spring of 1865 ; both hus band and wife members of M. E. Church ; Mr. S. has held the office of Trustee in that church; chUdren — Anna V., born Sept 29, 1856; Wm. H., born Nov. 6, 1857 ; Mary B., born Aug. 18, 1860 ; Margaret L., born July 13, 1867 ; Edward A., born April 3, 1872; aU but the two first children have died. STONEBRAKER CHAS. V. Farmer; Sec. z6 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris; owns fourteen acres in Sec 26 ; was born in Ogle Co., IU., Feb. 9, 1851, and is the son of Michael and Catharine Stone- MT. MORRIS TOWNSHIP. 781 braker ; on Dec. 6, 1874, he was mar ried to Gussie 0. Williams, also a native of Ogle Co., and the daughter of Elias and Mary B. Williams ; have one child, born Nov. 21, 1875 ; two brothers of Chas. V. Stonebraker were in the army during the last war. Stonebraker Francis W. farmer ; Sec 23 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Stonebraker J. Newton, farmer; Sec. 15; P. 0. Mt Morris. Stoufer Urias, laborer ; Sec. 36 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Stover Henry, farmer; Sec. 19 ; P. 0. Mt Morris. Stroh, N. J. pastor; Mt. Morris. THOMAS ABRAM, Parmer ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. SWINGLEY BENJAMIN, Retired Farmer; Sec 14; P. 0. Mt. Morris; resides on a beautiful home stead, containing 80 acres, valued at $6,400 ; born in Washington Co., Md., Sept.l7, 1 816, son of Michael and Mary; came to Ogle Co. in 1842, and in 1845, moved his family to Mt. Morris ; mar ried, Nov. 31, 1837, Catharine Hersh'jy, a native of Washington Co., Md.; born May 10, 1817, daughter of Christian and Mary ; have had eight children — Ellen, born Nov. 3, 1838 ; John H., Oct. 12, 1840 ; Oliver H., born July 17, 1842 ; Louisa, born Oct. 4, 1844 ; Laura, Dec 26, 1851 ; Alice, ; Grace, Jan. 30, 1858; and Ann C, ; himself and wife are members of the German Baptist Church ; Mr. Swingley hauled the lumber used in the construction of his house from Chicago, in 1846; is an old Jackson Democrat Swingley Oliver H. druggist ; Mt. Morris. SWINGLEY J. H. Merchant; Mt. Morris ; of the firm of Wingert & Swingley ; Groceries and Crockery; born Oct 12, 1840, in Washington Co.,Md.; came to Ogle Co., 1846, and commenced business in 1877 ; married Anna B. Sharer Dec 15, 1869; daughter of Henry Sharer; Mrs. S. was bom in Mt. Morris, 1849 ; have had three chil dren—Charles 0., born Oct. 21. 1870 ; Cornelia, AprU 15, 1872 ; Frank, Jan. 9, 1878; has been Road Master and member of the Board of Trustees ; himself and wife are members of the Lutheran Church. THOMAS ABRAHAM, Farmer; Sec. 26 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris ; born in Washington Co., Md., AprU 17, 1819 ; son of Henry and Catharine ; came to Ogle Co., 1845; married Caroline Yontz, who was born March 11, 1819, daugh ter of William and Catharine Yontz ; married in Washington Co., Md.; chil dren — ^Harriet C, born Oct. 27, 1842; WUliam H., Dec. 25, 1844; James P., Oct 3, 1846; Geo. L., July 27, 1850 ; Charlotte C, Dec 4, 1852 ; Howard H., Sept. 4, 1854 ; ArabeUa E., Dec. 15, 1857 ; Mr. Thomas has been Commis sioner of Highways and Town Assessor for several years ; his wife is a member of Lutheran Church. THOMAS DANIEL, Farmer; Sec. 35 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris ; owns 80 acres on above section, valued at $5,600; was born August 23, 1829, in Boons boro, Md.; son of Daniel and Marga ret ; came to Ogle Co., 1869 ; May 3, 1855, was married to Susan M. Keedy, a native of Beaver Creek, born June 28, 1839, and was the daughter of Jacob and Susan Keedy ; at the Spring election, 1878, Mr. Thomas was elected Justice of the Peace ; they have five children living, viz.; Milliard M., born AprU 30, 1856 ; Anna E., born Dec. 9, 1863 ; Cora B., born April 3, 1865 ; Earnest, born Jan. 16, 1871 ; Edward, born AprU 28, 1875 ; and have buried three ; his wife is a member of the Church of the Disciples. Thomas Prank, farmer. Sec 13; P.O. Mt Morris. Thomas Ezra, farmer. Sec. 14; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Thomas Geo. S. farmer. Sec. 1; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Thomas H. H. clerk ; Mt. Morris. Thomas Jas. P. farmer; Sec 24'; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Thomas J. 0. farmer; Sec. 13; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Thomas Jos. harness maker ; Mt. Morris. Thomas M. P. farmer ; Sec 35 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Thomas W. R. farmer; Sec 13; P. 0. Mt Morris. Tice P. N. farmer ; Sec. 13 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Tice John, farmer; Sec. 13; P. 0. Mt Morris. 782 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY : Tracy B. F. wagon maker ; Mt. Morris. Trevehn Geo. W. laborer; Sec 8 ; P. 0. Adeline. TRINE SAMUEL G. Painter; Mt. Morris ; born AprU 29, 1835, in Washington Co., Md.; came to Ogle Co., 1848 ; married Oct. 4, 1858, to EUen Newcomer, who was born April 27, 1837; a native of Washington Co., Md.; daughter of Samuel and Sarah ; chil dren — Zerezo V., born Sept 30, 1859; Ralph X., Oct. 1, 1866 ; Christian R., Aug. 27, 1874 ; on the 14th of August, 1862, Mr. Trine enlisted in Co. P, 92d Regt. I. V. I.; was mustered in at Freeport, and credited to Stephenson Co.; served as private in this regiment fifteen months, was then appointed Capt. of Co. B., 13th Reg. U. S. Colored troops, and held that position some fourteen months, then enlisted in the Navy, and was under the command of Capt. Wm. H. Goudy, and served under him fifteen months ; was in the battles of Oak Ridge, Tenn.; Nashville, Tenn.; Frank lin, Tenn.; the taking of Mobile, and capture of Gen. Morgan. Trostie E. P. farmer ; Sec. 13 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. WALLACE LAWRENCE, carpen ter ; Sec. 8 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Wallace Lewis,' farmer ; Sec. 7 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. WEAVER GEORGE W. Tele gr^ph Operator ; Mount Morris ; born in Washington Co., Md., August 2, 1854, son of George and Elnora S. Weaver ; graduate of Rook River Seminary. Webb James M. hotel ; Mt. Morris. Weisel Gotfret, farmer ; Sec. 16 ; P. 0. i Mt. Morris. Weller John, grain dealer ; Mt. Morris. Weltz John D. laborer ; Sec. 23 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Wheeler W. W. clerk ; Mt. Morris. WiUiams EUas, farmer ; Sec. 23 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Williams Thomas B. nurseryman ; Mt. Morris. WUson James, laborer; Sec. 11 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Winn Hardy, far.; S. 30 ; P.O. Mt. Morris. Windle George, farmer ; Sec. 15 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. WINDERS B. F. P. 0. Mt Morris. Winters Benjamin, laborer ; Sec. 33 ; P.O. Mt Morris. Withers Benj., laborer; Mt. Morris. Withers EU, laborer ; Mt. Morris. Withers Frank, laborer ; Mt. Morris. Withers Henry, laborer; Mt. Morris. Withers Jacob H. laborer ; Sec. 32; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Withers James Sr. laborer; Mt. Morris. Withers James Jr. laborer ; Mt. Morris. Withers John, laborer ; Sec. 32 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Withers Thomas, laborer ; Mt. Morris. WITHERS WILLIAM C. La borer ; Mount Morris ; born June 10, 1848, in Blair Co., Pa., son of Henry and Barbary ; came to Ogle Co. 1856 ; married Jennie Steward, Oct. 4, 1874, who was a native of Berkeley Co., Va., and born Oct. 4, 1856, daughter of John and Ellen ; have one child, named Ger trude. Feb. 17. 1861, Mr. Withers, responding to the call of President Lin coln, enhsted in Company C, 58tb Regt. Penn. Inf., and served in the war three years and eleven months ; was in the battles of Caton's Farm, Drury's Bluff, Cold Harbor, City Point, Petersburg, Richmond and White Oak Swamp ; was wounded at the battle of Cold Har bor by a shell, in the right hip ; wife a member of M. B. Church. WITMAN JOHN F.Retired Parm er ; Mt. Morris ; is the son of Valen tine and Eve Witman, and was born on the Eastern borders of France Aug. 13, 1807 ; came to Ogle Co. in 1855 ; Aug. 22, 1844, he married Ann Dick, who was born May 6, 1827, and was the daughter of Peter and Mazy ; have two children — Margaret A., born April 29, 1845 ; Mary E., Feb. 14, 1849 ; both are members of the Lutheran Church. Wolf David, farmer ; Sec. 2 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Wolf John, fai'mer; Sec 8 ; P. 0. Mt Morris. Wolf William, teamster ; Mt. Morris. Wolford Elisha, carpenter ; Mt. Morris. WOLTZ JOHN, Fai-mer; Sec. 33: owns thirty acres, valued at $1,500 ; born June 6, 1849, Washington Co., Md. ; son of James and Louisa Woltz ; came to Ogle Co., in 1855; married Dec 1, 1870, to Amanda Bowers, who was born July 4, 1853, and was the MT. MORRIS TOWNSHIP. 783 daughter of David and Nancy Bowers ; have had five children — Delia and Lillie (twins), born May 1, 1872; Ida, Jan. 27, 1875 ; Charies, Feb. 26, 1877 ; Ella, Jan. 3. 1878. YOUNG L. A' laborer ; Sec 6 ; P. 0. Mt Morris. Young Worthington, farmer ; Sec. 25 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Youngman H. A. broom fact.; Mt. Morris. ZELLERS DANIEL, farmer; Sec. 12 ; P. 0. Mt Morris. Zellers David, farmer ; Sec 10 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Zundahe C. A. farmer; Sec 29 ; P.O. Mt. Morris. Zundahe C. H. farmer. Sec. 29; P. 0. Mt. Morris. 784 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY : LAFAYETTE TOWNSHIP. TDLY THOMAS, tenant farmer ; Sec BUlmire Martin, farmer ; Sec 3 ; P. 0. Ashton. Boothe Lyman, school teacher. Bowen William, tenant farmer ; Sec 13 ; P. 0. Ashton. Borles Daniel, farmer; Sec. 11 ; P. 0. Ashton. CABLE HENRY, tenant farmer; Seo. 15 ; P. 0. Ashton. Calgine G. laborer; Sec. 11 ; P. 0. Ash ton. CHAPMAN JOHN R. Farmer; Sec. 11 ; P. 0. Ashton, Lee Co. ; owns 240 acres valued at $60 per acre ; born m Greenup Co., Ky., March 4, 1818 ; when 2 years old, his parents, John and Mary Chapman, were compelled to for feit their homestead in Kentucky under the disputed land acts and moved into Scioto Co., Ohio ; in Aug. 1836, they moved into Madison Co., Ind. ; in March, 1838, Mr. C, then a young man, set out with a yoke of oxen for Cincinnati, Ohio ; he started alone, but was compelled, when only a few days on the road, to send back for assistance, as the difficulties encountered on the way were too great for one man to overcome ; he finally accomplished the journey in fourteen days; on May 28, of the same year, he left his parental home and joined an expedition, formed by P. Patrick, for the Indian Territory, but at Peoria they were disbanded and Mr. C, in company ' with three others, started for Bureau Co. ; becoming separated from his companions, he continued on his way and after ex periencing innumerable hardships he arrived at his destination, June 28, one month from the time he left home ; marrying Elmina A. Taylor, who was born July 5, 1820, Sept. 30, 1841, he moved to this Co., in AprU, 1843, and was one of the first to break up the wild prairie land in the vicinity of Paine's Point ; Mr. C. was twice elected County Coroner, and has also held the offices of School Trustee and Director, both in Pine Rock and Lafayette Townships ; he is at present Justice of the Peace, to which office he was elected in Nov. 1877 ; it is worthy of mention in con nection with this sketch of Mr. C., that that he is strictly speaking a self-educat ed man, and also that he is a descend ant of a Chapman who served with dis tinction throughout the Revolutionary war ; Mr. C. has had two children — Sa rah Ann, horn Aug. 25th, 1842, died July 19th, 1845 ; Electa J., born Jan. 26, 1844, died July 22, 1845. CLARK S. D. Parmer; Sec 9; P. 0. Ashton ; owns 90 acres, valued at $45 per acre ; born in this county Dec. 22, 1845 ; Republican in politics, and was elected Town Clerk, in 1873, hold ing the office for two years ; is at pres ent Supervisor, to which office he was elected in 1875 ; with the exception of an occasional term missed, Mr. C. has taught school for the past fourteen years; married Eunice A. Reed Feb. 23, 1871, who was born Dec. 9, 1847 ; have had two children — Arthur, born. Sept. 26, 1873, and died Dec 19, 1873, and Myrtle B., bom Aug. 5, 1876. Coakley Ira, far.; Sec. 8 ; P. 0. Ashton. Crass Hamilton, farmer ; Sec. 2 ; P. 0. Lafayette. CROSS JOHN, Farmer ; Sec. 2 ; P. 0. Cbana ; owns 237 acres valued at $45 per acre; born in Huntington Co., Pa., May 17th, 1804 ; married Sophia Har desty, who was born in Anne Arundel Co., Md., 1806 ; March 22, 18.32, he arrived in Coshocton Co., 0.; came to this county Oct. 21, 1853 ; have had ten children — Edward, born May 17, 1833; Daniel, bom March 22,1834; James, born Dec, 30, 1836; Mary, born Oct 14, 1838 ; Ruth, born March 11, 1840 ; Levi P., Oct. 6, 1842, died Oct. 13, 1853; Melissa, March 6, 1844; Henry H.,who served six months in the Army, born Feb. 6, 1846 ; Thomas J., May 18, 1847; Rachel, born Oct. 6, 1851, died Feb. 24, 1875; Mr. and Mrs. C. have been members of the M. E. Church for over thirty years. DAVIS JAMES, farmer ; Sec 10 ; P. 0. Ashton. Davis Justice, far.; Sec. 10 ; P. 0. Ashton. LAFAYETTE TOWNSHIP. 785 DRUUOIOND A.J.Parmer; Sec 5 ; P. 0. Ashton ; born in Westmoreland Co. Pa., Oct. 20, 1821 ; he came to this county in 1838; married twice; first wife. Electa Martin, in 1843; second wife, Elenorah Highbarger, who was born April 18, 1823, and married on the 6th of June, 1862 ; Mr. D. was Supervisor for one year, and held the offices of Assessor and Justice of the Peace for a number of years ; Mr. D. has had five children — Elizabeth L., born July 28, 1847 ; Eliza A., May 15, 1850; Benton P., Nov. 11, 1852; John Deane, Feb. 25, 1855 ; and James L., Sept. 7, 1857 ; owns 394 acres of land. Drummond Benton, farmer ; Sec. 8 ; P. 0. Ashton. Drummond Levi, farmer ; Sec. 18 ; P. 0. Ashton. Dugdale Charles, farmer ; Sec. 5 ; P. 0. Ashton. EDGINGTON HENRY, lab.; Sec 6 ; P. 0. Ashton. TpROST CHARLES, tenant farmer. GARRISON ROBERT, Ten ant Farmer ; Seo. 11 ; P. 0. Ash ton, Lee Co.; born in Perry Co., III., May 22, 1847 ; when 4 years old, his parents moved to Kentucky, where they lived until they moved to Mis souri, in 1859 ; in which State he mar ried Ellen Rinker, March 6, 1870 ; she was born in Ogle Co., 111., June 24, 1849; in 1871, moved to Butler Co., Kan., remaining until the Spring of 1875, when they came to this Co.; the trip to Kansas and back was made by wagon ; at one place on the journey, near the rendezvous of the notorious Younger boys, they were detained by the stream over which they had to pass having become unfordable, and although they were not molested, they naturally felt unsafe until they had placed several miles between them and that gang of desperadoes ; have had three children — Daisy C, bom in Missouri, Jan. 10, 1871 ; Orville B., born in Kansas, Dec. 4, 1873 ; Sheldon M., born in lUinoiSj Sept. 8, 1876 ; Mr. G. owns 75 acres, in Sec 25, Deep Water Tp., Mo. HARDESTY DANIEL, farmer; Sec 4 ; P. 0. Cbana. Hardesty J. M. farmer ; Sec 4 ; P. 0. Chana. HAVENS B. V. (deceased) ; born in Connecticut, May 31, 1802; married twice ; first wife was Sarah Dunham, by whom he had twelve children, and who died in 1842 ; married second wife (who survived him), March 8, 1846 ; moved from Ottawa Co., Ohio, to this Co. in 1869 ; at the time of his death, which occurred on the 8th of Oct., 1876, he was a member of the Church of the Disciples ; Mrs. Havens, who is a member of the same church, was born in Wayne Co., Ohio, June 13, 1820, and is the mother of five chUdren — Newman G., Augusta (deceased), Nancy A., Jennie and Sumner; at the time of her husband's death Mrs. H. owned 172 acres of land in Sec. 8, where she still resides ; P. 0. Ashton, Lee Go. Havens G. N. laborer. KESTED L B. farmer; Sec 14; P. 0. Ashton. LINK WILLIAM, tenant farmer; Sec 13 ; P. 0 Ashton. Linscott Joseph, farmer ; Sec. 2 ; P. 0. Ashton. LUCKEY R. H. Parmer ; Sec 6 ; P. 0. Taylor; born in Hamilton Co., 0.; when quite young his parents moved to Ottawa Co., 0.; he buried his father and mother in that Co., and came to this Co. June 3, 1868 ; married twice ; his first wife, Susan Hammond, March 3, 1842 ; she was born in Ma rion Co., 0., March 3, 1826; died March 14, 1874 ; father of nine chil dren,' all living but one ; married Eliza Deselms, who was born in Ottawa Co., 0., March 20, 1830 ; on the 19th day of Oct, 1862, Mr. L.'s son WUliam enlisted in Co. M, 3d Ohio Cavalry, and served throughout the rebellion ; Mr. and Mrs. Luckey are members of the Church of the Disciples ; Mr. L. has filled the office of Highway Commis sioner in the town ; owns 172 acres. McCABE A. tenant farmer ; Sec. 4 ; P. 0. Ashton McBirney J. M. farmer; Sec 18; P. 0. Franklin. MASON STEPHEN G. Teacher ; Sec 5; P. 0. Taylor; Teacher of the Prairie Star School ; lives with Mr. C. Dugdale; born in Ryegate, Caledonia 786 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY : Co., Ver., Aug. 20, 1853 ; came to 111. in 1854 with Mr. Stephen Wright, an early settler; the following year went to Iowa, living there about five years ; re turned to this State in 1860 ; working on a farm he attended school when he had the opportunity ; at th ; expiration of about nine years he in company with Mr. Wright, moved to Kansas, and with the exception of one term passed in the State University, at Lawrence, during the five years' residence in that.State, he worked on a farm; in Nov., 1874, he again returned to III., and since then has taught school every Winter term ; Re publican ; he is the resident correspon- ent for the Oregon Courier and Dixon Sun. Mayer J. A. farmer; Sec. 11; P. 0. Ashton. Mead Wilson, tenant farmer ; Sec. 18 ; P. 0. Ashton. MitcheU H. J. farmer; Sec. 16; P. 0. Ashton. MOAT JOSEPH C. Farmer and Stock Raiser ; 230 acres ; Sec. 4 ; P. 0. Ashton ; born in Washington Co. Md., Oct. 17, 1840; in 1845 his parents moved to this Co., married Emurilla Newcomer, who was bom in Washington Co., Md., Oct 28, 1841, on the 7th of Dec. 1865 ; have had two children — Frances, bom April 1, 1869; OUie, bom May 5, 1871, died Jan. 28, 1874 ; Mr. Moat's father, William, the same year of his arrival in this Co., died very suddenly, in the month of Nov., ten miles this side of Chicago, to which city he had brought a load of grain and was returning with furniture for the house he had occupied the month previous ; his mother, Elizabeth, died Aug. 7, 1862 ; Mr. M. enlisted in Co. F, 34th 111. Infantry as private; the close of the war found him a Lieutenant, having been promoted for meritorious services ; offered a commission in the regular army; he declined the honor, as the emergency for which he enlisted having passed, he preferred to follow the peaceful pursuit of farming, for the future ; Mr. M., since coming into full possession of the property he now owns, has made very extensive improvements, and at this time has one of the finest farms in the town ship wherein he resides. MuUen Levi, tenant farmer ; S. 11 ; P. 0. Ashton. Myers G. W. farmer ; S. 3 ; P. 0. Ashton. Myers Manasse, Sec. 3 ; P. O. Ashton. "VTBTTLETON THORNTON, farm. ; XN Sec. 15 ; P. 0. Ashton. NETTLETON F. Farmer; P. 0. Ashton Lee Co.; 160 acres; Sec 15 ; born in Augusta Tp., Granville Co., Province Ontario, Canada, June 15, 1817 ; came to this county in 1848, his mother dying shortly after ; he returned to his native place for his father, who died in this county in 1855 ; both of his parents were born in N. Y. State, his father, Amos, on the 18th of May, 1777, and his mother, Mary, Oct. 26, 1778 ; Mr. Nettleton married twice, first wife Sarah Bass, born in Canada, June 29, 1821; died Sept 15, 1849: Eliza J., only chUd by first wife, born Feb. 19, 1842, died Oct. 13, 1849 ; second wife, Caroline BUlmire, born in Washington Co., Md., Feb. 22, 1824 ; married Nov. 12, 1850 ; have had four chUdren — Mary E., born July 23, 1852, died Sept. 6th, same year; Margaret A., July 19, 1853; Thornton, Nov. 24, 1854 ; Harriet N., AprU 16, 1858, died Nov. 3, 1869 ; Mr. and Mrs. N. aremembers ofthe Christian Church. Nettleton Thornton, farmer ; Sec. 15 ; P. 0. Ashton. PAYNE F. I. farmer; Sec IS ; P. 0. Franklin. PAYNE MARY S. Parmer ; Sec. 18 ; P. 0. Franklin ; widow of John Payne, who died very suddenly on the 20th of Feb. 1855 ; owns 90 acres farm land ; bom in Vigo Co., Ind., Aug. 12, 182(1 ; Mrs. Payne married the late Mr. Payne in 1836, and is the mother of eight children — Hannah, Rebecca, Eliza Ann, deceased ; Cinderella, de ceased; Thomas J., Eliza Ann, William, B., Marietta. The late Mr. Payne came to this county in 1846 ; at that time this section was very sparsely settled; the only market for grain in those early days was Chicago and St. Charles, to which places he often made trips by . wagon. Payne Samuel, farmer ; Sec 18 ; P. 0. Ashton. Petepiece Joseph, farmer ; Sec. 16; P. 0. Ashton. LAFAYETTE TOWNSHIP. 787 P.O. P. 0. P.O. PFETZING PAUL, Farm Rent er ; Sec. 8, P. 0. Ashton, Lee Co. ; born in Hesse, Germany, March 2, 1842 ;' came to the United States, landing in N. Y. city, in 1867 ; starting for the West, the second after his arrival in this country, he entered into the butcher business in Chicago ; remaining there but a short time, he moved to Lee Co., where he lived for four years, when he moved to this county ; married Martha Bizel, who was also bom in Hesse, Ger many, June 17, 1848, June 31, 1870; have had four children — Lizzie A., Mary, John and Christina; 160 acres. Phillips G. W. farmer; Sec. 12 Ashton. Phillips John, farmer; Sec. 12; Ashton. PhUlips WUliam, farmer ; Sec. 22 Ashton. QUICK HOWARD, farmer ; Sec. 14 ; P. 0. Ashton. Quick James, farmer ; Sec 14 ; P. 0. Ashton. REED ABIJAH, farmer ; Sec. 17 ; P. 0. Ashton. Reed Albert, farmer ; S. 17 ; P. 0. Ash ton. Reed Dudley, farm.; Sec 8; P. 0. Ashton. Reed Gilbert, farm.; Sec. 8; P. 0. Ashton. Reed James, farm.; Sec 8 ; P. 0. Ashton. Reid J. W. farm.; Sec 18 ; P. 0. Ashton. REZNER JAMES, Parmer; Sec. 9; P. 0. Ashton; born in Union Co., Pa., Oct. 26, 1849 ; when six years old his parents, Robert P. and EUzabeth, moved to Freeport, Stephenson Co., where he lived until Nov. 20, 1877 ; married Edith P. Yarger on the 11th of Decem ber, 1875 ; his wife was bom in Central Co., Pa., Nov, 4, 1851 ; Mr. Rezner's father is Supervisor of Lancaster Town ship, in Stephenson County; the subject of this sketch is the oldest member of his father's familv ; the other children still reside with their parents ; rents 276 acres. Rummell T. H. tenant farmer. 1ANP0RD J. farm hand; Sec 6. S^ Sherwood Orin, tenant farmer; Sec 12; P. 0. Ashton. SHOTTENKIRK D. G. Farmer ; Sec. 5 ; P. 0. Ashton ; owns 66 acres ; born in Montgomery, Pulton Co., N.Y., Nov. 14, 1828; came to Carroll County, this State, in 1846, remaining four years; went to Calona, Cal., where he followed gold mining for five years, when he re turned to Illinois, settling in this county in 1855, and has lived here ever since ; is Republican in politics, and was Town Collector for ten years, and Supervisor for six years, holding the position of Chairman of the Board the last year in office ; married Angelica Eakle, who was born in Washington Co., Md., March 8, 1836, on Feb. 14, 1856 ; have two chil dren — Wm. P., born in Ogle Co., Feb. 27, 1857 ; Clara P., Ogle Co., Oct. 3.1, 1860. Sisk N. farmer ; Sec. 12 ; P. 0. Ashton. Slyter W. laborer. Smith Patrick, farmer; Seo. 16; P. 0. Ashton. r-pAMAR RUSSELL, farmer; Sec 3; JL P. 0. Ashton. Taylor James, farm.; Sec. 6; P. 0. Ashton. Throop Alpheus, farm hand ; Seo. 12 ; P. 0. Ashton. Throop Calvin, farmer ; Sec. 12 ; P. 0. Ashton. Throop Hosiah, farmer ; Sec 12; P.O. Ashton. TUton Burton, farm.; Sec. 1; P. 0. Ashton. TUton Horace, farm.; Sec. 4; P. O. Ashton. Tilton Lemuel, farm.; Sec. 2; P. 0. Ashton. TILTON MRS. NANCY, owned 100 acres. Sec. 4 ; P. 0. Ashton, Lee County ; born in Washington County, Md., Dec 19, 1797; maiden name, Nancy Hardesty ; married Wm. Tilton Nov. 24, 1815. The late Mr. T. was born in Ohio, AprU 15, 1796, and died in this county Aug. 13, 1872. The family moved into this county in 1843 from Coshocton County, Ohio, where they had carried on farming. Mr. T. was a member of the Christian Church at the time of his death, and his wife is at present a member of the same de nomination. They have had thirteen children — Richard, Mary (deceased), Laban, Alexander (deceased), Edmund (deceased), Francis, WUliam (deceased), Benjamin, Elizabeth, Emily, Philma and Harriet; Elijah, born Oct. 26, 1824, in Coshocton Co., Ohio, was mar ried to Miss Rachel Brooks in 1843, where he remained until 1846, when he removed with his family to Ogle Co,, 788 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY : III., where he farmed until the year 1862; when he enlisted in the 92d Regi ment Illinois Volunteers ; was in active service about two years, or until Oct. 6, 1864, when he died, and was buried at Atlanta, Ga. It is very interesting to hear Mrs. T. relate early reminiscences, and of the hardships undergone when she first came lo this county. Although a very aged lady, she takes a deep in terest in all that pertains to the county in which she has lived so long. TILTON RACHEL, Parmer; Sec. 2 ; P. 0. Ashton ; widow of Elijah Til ton who was born in Coshocton Co., 0., Oct. 26, 1824 ; married Rachel Brooke, June 29, 1843 ; came to this county in 1848 ; enlisted in Co. H, 92d 111. Inf; died in the hospital at Atlanta, Oct. 6, 1864 ; two sons — George W. and Com modore Perry, served as soldiers dur ing the rebellion ; Mrs. Tilton was born in Belmont Co., 0., Jan. 28, 1825, and married June 29, 1843 ; have had ten chUdren — Geo. W., born AprU 19, 1844 ; Nancy E., Jan. 4, 1846 ; Com- odore P., born Sept. 18, 1847 ; Benja min P., AprU 23, 1850 ; Martha M., May 25, 1852, died April 18, 1853; Lemuel H., AprU 1, 1854 ; WUlard P., Jan 15, 1857, died AprU 2, 1858 ; one child not christened, bom Oct. 2, 1858, and died the next day ; Alva L., Sept. 21, 1859 ; Welford E., Dec. 31, 1861 ; owns 80 acres land. TUton Richard, farmer ; Sec. 4 ; P. 0. Ashton. Tilton Spencer, farmer ; Sec 1 ; P. 0. Ashton. Tilton Warren, farmer ; Sec. 3 ; P, 0. Ashton. Trainer Hugh, farmer ; Sec. 13 ; P. 0. Ashton. Trainer James, tenant farmer ; Seo. 13 ; P. 0. Ashton. Trainer Patrick, tenant farmer ; Sec. 13; P. 0. Ashton. Trainer Thomas, farmer ; Sec 13 ; P. 0. Ashton. VOSBURGH JOHN P. Parmer; Seo. 14; P. 0. Ashton, Lee Co.; born Montgomery Co., N. Y., May 24, 1820, at Tribes' HUI, a place so called from the fact that different tribes of Indians, in early colonial days, would rendezvous on a hUl in that vicinity ; married Hannah Pitman Oct. 26, 1844 ; she was born in Montgomery Co., N. Y., Feb. 2, 1810 ; Mr. N. came to this county March 17, 1865, since when he has greatly im proved the premises purchased at that time ; is a Republican in politics and held the office of Highway Commissioner; owns eighty acres of land. WBATHERINGTON G. W. Farm er ; Seo. 2 ; P. 0. Ashton. WEEKS JOHN, Farmer; Sec 9; P. 0. Ashton, Lee Co.; 156 acres; born in Middlesex Co., Mass., Dec 1, 1798 ; leaving his native State in IS'l-i, he set out on foot for New York ; the appearance of the country in that State not quite>meeting his expectations, he continued on to Buffalo, where he pro- eured passage on one of the Lake steam ers for Cleveland; disembarking, -he settled in Delaware Co., where he lived eight years, when he returned home on a visit ; there being no railroads at that time, he made the journey by the boat and stage ; returning same year to his adopted hoine, he lived there until 1836, when he eame to Ogle Co., since when his father, Jonathan, and mother, Sarah, have both died ; be ing one of the earliest settlers, Mr. W. encountered difficulties that the present generation knows nothing of; he was compelled to haul his grain to such dis tant markets as Chicago, Peru and St. Charles ; he married Sarah Royse (wid ow), who died Dec. 20, 1851 ; Mr. W. a number of years ago, held the office of Tax Collector ; although well ad vanced in life and crippled by rheuma tism, Mr. W. continues to manage the farm which he has willed to his sister- in-law, Fredericka Weeks, who acts as his housekeeper. YORTY C. H, Sec. 10 ; P. 0. Ash ton. Yorty Cyrus, Sec. 10 ; P. 0. Ashton. Yorty Peter, farmer; Sec. 10 ; P. 0. Ash ton. Yorty Peter P. Sec. 10 ; P. 0. Ashton. BROOKVILLE TOWNSHIP. 789 BKOOKVILLE TOWNSHIP. ALLBRIGHT HENRY, farmer ; Sec. 35 ; P. 0. BrookvUle. BANEY ISAAC, farmer ; S. 15 ; P. 0. Brookville. Baney Michael, laborer ; BrookviUe. Beck Jacob, farmer ; Sec. 15 ; P. 0. Brook ville. Beightol Solomon, farmer ; Sec. 12 ; P. 0. Brookville. BOWERS DANIEL, Ret. Parmer ; Seo. 34 ; Brookville ; was boro in Hun tingdon Co., Pa., March 5, 1820 ; came to Brookville Township, Ogle Co., 1863 ; Sec. 34 ; has 390 acres land, valued at $21,450 ; Republican ; belongs to the German Baptist Church ; married Mary Stoner, who was born in Blair Co., Pa., Jan. 15, 1818 ; has six children — John, born June 12, 1841; Elizabeth, born Sept. 18, 1843; David, born Nov. 26, 1846; Jeremiah, born Aug. 30, 1848; Isaac, born Nov. 1, 1852 ; Levi, born Aug. 8, 1856; Elizabeth died Jan. 9, 1845, when she was 15 years old ; moved to Bradford Co., Pa. ; lived there 20 years ; from there went to Stark Co., Ohio; lived there 10 years; from there to Ogle Co. ; bought the place where he now lives ; Mr. Bowers is one of the sound farmers of the county. Bowers David, farmer ; Sec. 34 ; P. 0. BrookvUle. Bowers E. G. merchant ; Brookville. BOWERS ISAAC, Farmer and Stock Raiser ; Sec. 26 ; P. 0. Brook viUe ; son of Daniel and Nancy ; born in Blair Co., Pa., Nov. 1, 1852; came to this Co. in 1863 ; Republican ; mar ried Sarah Emrich ; she was born in Ogle Co., IU., AprU 5, 1856 ; they have had three children — Joseph, born May • 10, 1875 ; Allen, born Jan. 16, 1878 ; one died in infancy; has 100 acres of land, valued at $5,500. BOWERS JOHN, Merchant and Postmaster ; Brookville ; son of Daniel and Nancy Bowers ; was born in Blair Co.; Pa., Jan. 12, 1840; owns real estate to the value of $2,000 ; Repub lican ; belongs to the Evangelical Church; married Mary Lesh, Oct 16, 1862 ; she was born in Ohio, May 6, 1839; they have one child — Emma C, born Feb. 11, 1865 ; held the office of Col lector and Assessor, and has a commission as Postmaster at this time. Bowers Jeremiah ; BrookvUle. Bowers John, merchant ; Brookville. Bracht Samuel, laborer ; Brookville. Burgaman Jacob, laborer ; Brookville. Brey Sylvester, shoemaker ; BrookvUle. Byers George N. farmer ; Sec. 10; P. 0. BrookvUle. Byers John G. farmer ; P. 0. Forreston. CONRAD DAVID, farmer ; Sec 15 ; P. 0. Forreston. Conrad George, laborer ; Brookville. Conrad Isaac, laborer ; Haldane. Conrad Oliver, tenant farmer ; Brookville. Cooper Daniel, laborer ; Brookville. DOLAN PATRICK, stone mason ; Haldane. Donaldson James H. farmer ; Sec. 36 ; P. 0. Polo. DONALDSON WALTER, Par mer and Stock Raiser ; Sec 36 ; P. 0. Polo ; was born in Northumberland Co., England, Feb. 6, 1819 ; came to this country in August, 1820 ; lived in Washington Co., N. Y., four years ; from there to Toronto, Canada,- lived tiiere until the Spring of 1839 ; from there to this county ; has 283 acres of land, valued at $14,150 ; is a Democrat ; held office of Highway Commissioner, School Trustee and Supervisor ; married Sarah H. Sylvester, June, 1846 ; born May 9, 1825 ; have three chUdren — William W., bom Dec 27, 1851 ; James H., Nov. 30, 1853; and Ella I., Nov. 22, 1855 ; when he first came here he hauled pork to Galena, and sold the best dressed hogs for $2.50 percwt; medium brought $1.50 ; hauled wheat to Chicago for less than $1 per bushel ; he went to Oregon to declare his intention to become a citizen of the United States in 1841 ; the County Clerk's office was kept in a taUor shop ; had no blanks and had to write out the papers, which took until near night ; started for home, but got lost on the way ; stayed all night with a man by the name of Pitzer, at Boons boro ; next morning started for what is 790 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY : known as the Canada Settlement ; came ten miles without meeting house or fence; thinks there was not a settler between here and Freeport. Donaldson Wm. W. farmer ; Sec. 36 ; P. 0. Polo. Driebebis Abraham, farmer ; Sec. 22 ; P. 0. Brookville. Driebebis Adam, farmer ; Sec. 22 ; P. 0. BrookvUle. EITEMILLER WM. miller; Brook vUle. Emrick John, farmer ; Sec. 22 ; P. 0. Brookville. Esthery Charles, farmer ; Seo. 34 ; P. 0 BrookviUe. EAGER DANIEL, Parmer and Stock Raiser ; Sec 12 ; P. 0. Foreston ; was bom in Northumberland Co., Pa., July 26, 1815 ; came to this Co. in the Spring of 1840; has 267 acres land; valued at $13,350; Democrat; held the office of School Treasurer, Assessor, and Justice of the Peace for thirty years ; married Sarah Myers in 1845 ; born in Washington Co., Md., Feb. 15, 1825 ; has eight chUdren — James P., born Jan. 11, 1851 ; Jennetta, born April 30, 1852 ; Ellen M., bom June 4, 1855 ; Ida A. J., born Jan. 5, 1857; Thos. B., born May 13, 1858; Daniel, born July 18, 1859 ; Jacob M., Sept. 7, 1862 ; Abbie R., May 31, 1867. When he first came here, worked five years at the millwright business ; then built a saw mill on Elkhorn Creek ; worked at this about six years ; sold out to his brother and commenced farming ; his business chiefiy is collecting and doing Justice of the Peace business ; Mr. Pager is one of the leading business men of the Co. Pulton Chas. laborer ; Polo. / GARMAN BENJAMIN, farmer ; S. . 11; P. 0. BrookviUe Garman flenry, farmer ; Sec 14 ; P. 0. BrookvUle. Garman Henry, Sec. 11 ; P. 0. BrookvUle. Garman Isaac, farmer ; Sec. 22 ; P. 0. Brookville. Garman John K. farmer ; Sec 24 ; P. 0. Brookville. German Levi, farmer ; Sec. 22 ; P. 0. Brookville. Gibbs Geo. D. Sec. 35 ; P. 0. Polo. Gibbs Henry J. farmer; Seo. 22 ; P. 0. Brookville. Gibbs Leonard, farmer ; Sec 35 ; P. 0. Polo. Grim PhiUip, laborer ; Brookville. Grim Henry, laborer ; Brookville. HERB ISAAC, farmer. Sec 27 ; P. 0. Brookville. HARRIS ABRAHAM, Parmer and Stock Raiser ; P. 0. BrookviUe ; was born in Northumberland Co., Pa., Sept. 19, 1829 ; has 57 acres land, value $2,565 ; Dem. ; married Polly Paul who was born in Northumberland Co., Pa., Sept. 21, 1836; came to this county in 1854 ; enlisted in the 15th Regt. 111. Vol. Inf, 1865, under Capt J. H.Long, Co. K ; was at the surrender of Johnson to Sherman ; his father enlisted in the war of 1812; he was 18 years old at the time ; Mr. and Mrs. Harris have not had any children, but adopted and raised three — one Franklin Meleot, was in the 26th Regt. 111. Vol Inf.; was on the raid with Sherman through Georgia, was wounded twice, once in the leg and once in the thigh, the baU passing up ward, lodged near the left lung. Hetfield Edward J. farmer, Sec. 26 ; P. 0. Polo. HETFIELD WM. A. Farmer and Stock Raiser, Sec 26; P. 0. Polo; born in Sussex Co., N. J., June 20, 1825 ; came to this county June, 1835; has 180 acres of land, valued at $9,000; Democrat ; held the offices of Assessor and Highway Commissioner ; married Lucy Brand ; born in Scotland, Feb. 27, 1825 ; has two chUdren — Edward J., born June 11, 1849 ; Elizabeth P., AprU 15, 1852 ; left New Jersey in 1833 ; went to Indiana ; lived there two years ; came from there with teams to Elkhorn Grove ; left part of the family there until he built a shanty on this section. The shanty was fourteen by eighteen, put up in the rough, and within two weeks moved into it, whioh was not much of a move, as he had nothing but his bedding ; made our beadsteads by cutting poles made in the Grove ; made our tables out of stove boxes ; used fire places instead of stoves. Cut out the logs, put up jambs, and made it outside, so as to save room ; made the chimney by laying up sticks, and plastering it over with mud ; also cut out logs for a window ; had no glass BROOK'VILLE TOWNSHIP. 791 nor sa.sh. The first crop we raised was in 1836, sod corn and garden sauce ; used to do our marketing at Savanna on the Mississippi river, and Peru on the lUinois river ; kept a hotel at Brook- ¦vUle, a large double log house, with a chimney in the center, with fire place on each side ; was the first man that took a grist to mill on horseback ; took it to WUson's Mill, the first one that was built in the county. Has hauled grain to Savanna, and got only twenty-five cents per bushel ; could get no money nor groceries ; had to trade it out for dry goods with a man by the name of Luther H. Bowen. When I first came to this county, I paid $25 per barrel for flour. His father was in the war of 1812 ; died at the age of 90 years. His grandfather was killed in the Revo lutionary war. HOFFA JACOB, Farmer and Stock Raiser, Sec. 3 ; P. 0. Forreston. (His grandfather, Abraham Hoffa, was in the war of 1812, as Captain.) The subject of this sketch was born in Schuylkill Co., Pa., AprU 12, 1818 ; has 381 acres of land, valued at $16,000 ; Democrat; belongs to the Lutheran Church. Mar ried Sarah Snyder, who was born in Northumberiand Co., Pa., Aug. 8, 1822. Has sixteen children — Amanda, born March 20, 1842 ; Henry, Oct 12, 1843 ; Sally, May 8, 1845; Daniel, Dec. 4, 1846 ; MaUnda, Aug. 20, 1848 ; Mary, Sept 22, 1849; WUliam, Nov. 7,1851; CiviUa, Oct. 17, 1853; Jacob, Sept. 11, 1855; Magdalena, Aug. 22, 1857; Emrilla, March 23, 1859; Phillip, May 17, 1861 ; John, July 2, 1864 ; Ida A., May 21, 1866 ; Minnie, Aug. 8, 1869 (one died in infancy). Has held the office of Highway Commis sioner, School Director, Constable, also held a commission under Gov. Johnson, of Pennsylvania, as Captain in the mili tia. Had one son, Henry, in the 92d Regiment, I. V. I. Hoffhine David, farmer ; Sec. 15 ; P. 0. Brookville. Hoffhine Isaac C. butcher ; BrookvUle. Hoffman Benjamin, tenant farmer; P. 0. Brookville. Hoffman Jacob, grocery store ; Brook vUle. Huffard Wm. laborer ; Brookville. KITZMILLER DAVID, Parmer; P. 0. Haldane. Kitzmiller Samuel, Haldane. Kroh Elias, farmer ;_ Brookville. Kroh Henry, retired farmer ; BrookvUle. LACOOTER JAMES H. Parmer; Sec 25 ; P. 0. Brookville. LAWSON ALEX. Farmer; P. 0. Polo ; Sec. 25 ; was born Sept 11, 1824, in Renfrewshire, Paisley, Scotland ; has 240 acres land, valued at $14,400 ; Re publican ; belongs to the Baptist Church ; held the office of Commissioner of High ways 14 years ; also Assessor ; married Rebecca Harrington 1840 ; born in On ondaga Co., N. Y. ; has six children — Henry Y., born Oct 28, 1851 ; Her bert, born Jan. 4, 1854 ; Alexander, born Dec. 8, 1855 ; OUver H., born March 28, 1858 ; Annie E., born June 24, 1860 ; Katie, born May 13, 1863 ; came to this country in 1832 ; came to this county in 1840 ; has hauled grain to Chicago with teams ; camped out and done his own cooking ; sold wheat as low as 40 cents per bushel. Lawson Alexander Jr.; S. 25; P.'O. Polo. Lawson Henry ; Sec 25 ; P. 0. Polo. LONG REV. A. Farmer and Stock Raiser ; Sec 2 ; P. 0. Forreston ; born in Columbiana Co., 0., Feb. 25, 1828 ; came to this Co. in 1865 ; has 120 acres of land, valued at $6,000; Republican; belongs to the Evangelical Church ; has held the offices of School Director and Road Masiter ; married Elizabeth Cau dle, May 13, 1851 ; they had five chU dren — Mary Ellen Catherine, born Jan. 20, 1858; Charies WUliam George Joseph, born Nov. 12, 1859; Sarah Elizabeth, born AprU 20, 1867 ; Emma Lucy Netta, bom AprU 13,1869; John Jacob Franklin, born Dec. 6, 1864 ; his father, Joseph Long, Bishop of the Evangelical Church, came to this Co. at an eariy day, and entered the land where his son now lives. Long John A. saddler ; BrookviUe. Long Jonathan, Sec 2 ; P. 0. Brookville. Lower Daniel, tenant farmer; P. 0. Brookville. Lower Henry, tenant farmer ; P. 0. Brookville. Lower Reuben, blacksmith ; BrookvUle. McCORD R. B. shoemaker ; Brook viUe. 47 792 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY : Mcllnay Edward, farmer. Mcllnay Wm. farm.; Sec 35 ; P. 0. Polo. McKerral Hugh, farmer ; Sec 36 ; P. 0. Polo. MUler Martin. Minier Hiram H. laborer ; Brookville. Mowry John, money leaner ; Brookville. Myers Peter E. farmer; Seo. 14; P. 0. Brookville. OLTMANNSKLASS, laborer; Brook vUle. Overholtzer, Jacob, farmer ; Sec. 25 ; P. 0. Polo. PAUL ABRAHAM, farmer ; Sec. 23 ; P. 0. Brookville. Paul Daniel, farmer ; Sec 22 ; P. 0. Brookville. Paul Joseph, farmer ; Sec. 34 ; P. 0. Brookville. Paul Michael, farmer; Sec. 34; P. 0. Brookville. Paul Valentine, laborer ; Brookville. Paul Valentine A. retired farmer ; Brook ville. POOLE WM. Retired. Farmer and Stock Raiser; Sec. 36; P. 0. Polo; born in Ireland, in 1803 ; came to this Co. in 1839 ; has 160 acres of land, valued at $9,600 ; Republican ; belongs to the Episcopal Church ; married Nancy Johnson ; she was born in Canada, in 1814 ; they have four children living — George, Abraham, John and Katie ; when he came here there was not a house between here and Freeport. PORTER WILLIAM T. Farmer and Stock Raiser; Sec. 26; P. 0. BrookvUle; bom March 13, 1826, in Center Co., Pa.; has 175 acres of land, valued at $10,000 ; Democrat ; held the offices of Justice of the Peace and Highway Commissioner ; married Lucy Ebright in 1860 ; she was born Sept. 24, 1840 ; they have had six children — WiUiam A., born March 8, 1861; Heyatt H., Sept. 16, 1863; Margaret W., Aug. 7, 1865 ; John E., July 19, 1867 ; Mary E., Dec 2, 1869 ; Jesse B., Nov. 25, 1870. Mr. P.'s grand father, Samuel Porter, was in the Revo lutionary war seven years ; was paid off in Continental money, and it was not worth 10 cents on the dollar. EIDER GEORGE, laborer; P. 0. BrookviUe. Rothermel Amos, wagon mak.; BrookvUle. Rubendall H. E. Constable ; P. 0. Brook viUe. SELL JOSEPH, farmer; Sec 34; P. 0. Brookville. SANBORN AMBROSE, Parmer and Stock Raiser ; Sec. 36 ; P. 0. Polo ; has 210 acres of land, valued at $10,- 000 ; Republican ; came to this county from York Township, Canada, in 1839 ; has held the offices of Commissioner of Highways, Assessor, School Trustee, Collector and Supervisor ; married Eliz abeth Good, who was bom in Lancaster Co., Pa., Sept 24, 1835; they have three children — Susan E., born Dec 7, 1860; Mary G., born Nov. 16,. 1864; Annie E., born Dec. 26, 1868. Mr. Sanborn located on the same section when he first came here, and has lived there ever since ; Mr. S. is one of the leading men of the township. Shuey WUliam, laborer ; P. 0. BrookvUle. Spotz, Joseph, farmer ; Sec. 26 ; P. 0. Brookville. Starr, Amos, laborer ; P. O. Brookville. STONER WILLIAM H. Farmer and Stock Raiser ; Sec. 3 ; P. 0. For reston ; son of Samuel and Catharine Stoner; he was born in Ogle Co. Jan. 12, 1856 ; resided in this county ever since ; rents his father's farm, on Sec. 3 ; has 330 acres of land, valued at $16,500 ; Republican ; belongs to the Evangelical Church ; married Susan Yeakel ; she was born in Berks Co., Pa., March 14, 1855. TREGO SAMUEL, Parmer ; Sec. 24 ; P. 0. BrookvUle. Trumbauer Henry, Fai'mer ; Sec. 10 ; P. 0. Forreston ; Trumbauer, John, farmer ; Sec 10 ; P. 0. Forreston. WALISA ISRAEL, laborer ; P. 0. Brookville. Wallisa, Levi, laborer ; P. 0. Brookville. Watson John, mason ; Brookville. Wintersteen Hiram, potter ; Brookville. YEAGER, DANIEL, painter; Brook vUle. LINNVILLE TOWNSHIP. 793 LINNVILLE TOWNSHIP. \ LBEE ASA, farmer ; Sec, 30. Ashbrook J. farmer ; Sec. 12 ; P. 0. Deer- field Prairie. BATTY E. retired farmer ;S.l ; P. 0. Wallace. Batty John, farmer ; Sec. 13 ; P. 0. Deer- field Prairie. BIRD MRS. ELIZABETH FORD, Sec. 17 ; P. 0. Lindenwood; bom in Burrington Parish, Devonshire, England, Sept. 20, 1814; widow of William Bird, harness maker and farmer who was born Feb. 11, 1806, in Chaw- leigh Parish, Devonshire, England ; married Sept. 6, 1835, at Norwalk, 0.; both Methodists ; came to Erie Co., 0. in July, 1833; to Ogle Co., Jan. 7, 1857 ; have six children — ^James P., John W., Wm. Reed, Clara E., George E., Prank F. ; William Bird came to the United States in 1834, and died Feb. 23, 1875. Bird John W. farmer ; Sec. 17 ; P. 0. Lin denwood. Bird Wm. R. farmer ; P. 0. Lindenwood. Bird Geo. ^. medical student ; Sec. 17 ; P. 0. Lindenwood. Birney Jno. farmer ; Sec. 32 ; P. 0. Rochelle. BLACKMAN MISS MARY, Dressmaker ; P. 0. Rochelle ; born in Flagg Township, Ogle Co., 111., Feb. 5, 1851 ; daughter of Sterling Blackman and Amelia Bostwick Blackman, both of whom are stUl living in the town of Plagg, where they settled in May, 1844, coming from Bradford Co., Pa.; religion, Advent Christian. Blair Harry, farmer; Sec. 20 ; P. 0. Rochelle. BLOOD MILO H. Farmer ; Sec. 26; P. 0. Creston; born May 31, 1815, in Burlington, Chittenden Co., Vt. ; son of Nathaniel and • Lucinda McCleUan Blood ; the latter still living at Poinett, Columbia Co., Wis ; married Oct. 31, 1837, at Thornton IU., Miss Melissa D. Hill, who was born Dec. 15, 1818, im Colchester, Chittenden Co., Vt., whose parents were David Hill and Betsey Brownell; have had thirteen children — Lucinda L., born Dec. 21, 1838 ; Betsey J., May 19, 1840 ; Louisa M., May 26, 1842 ; Mary M., August 1, 1844 ; Cornelia E., June 23, 1846 ; Julia M., May 30, 1848; EUen A., April 23, 1850 ; Emma E. A., May 16, 1852 ; Lucy A., May 17, 1854; Justena M., AprU 23, 1857 ; Charies A., Dec. 27, 1858 ; Ida E., Feb. 22, 1860; Wil lard P., Feb. 1, 1862 ; two have died— Justena M., August 3, 1858, and Charles A., Feb. 28, 1859 ; in religious belief, both Indpt.; politics. Rep. ; came to 0gl« Co. from Wisconsin in 1857 ; own 80 acres, volued at $4,000. Brock James, farmer ; Sec 34 ; P. 0. Creston. BROWN JOHN, Farmer and Capi talist ; P. 0. Lindenwood ; Sec. 8 ; owns 130 acres of land, valued at $8,000 ; born in Tunbridge, Orange Co., Vt., Nov. 1, 1825 ; son of Lucius Brown and Lucinda English Brown, both now dead. Mother died in Livingston Co., N. Y. ; father died here. Moved to Livingston Co., N. Y., in 1836 ; to WU- loughby, Lake Co., Ohio, in 1844, and here in Fall of 1855. Politics, Republi can; religion, Independent ; has held the office of Supervisor ; has been Assessor several years, and Town School Trustee for nearly twenty years ; is unmarried. Butier Wm. laborer ; S. 3 ; P. 0. Monroe. CARMICHAEL JAS. farmer ; S. 34 ; P. 0. Rochelle. CHAMPION SUSAN, P. 0. Lin denwood ; widow of Elias Champion, who died here Oct. 18, 1854, of con sumption. She was born Dec 18, 1800, in Great Britain ; came when young to Upper Canada ; married in Ogdensburg, N. Y. Elias was a son of Daniel and Aseneth Champion, of Vermont. Dan iel was a soldier of the Revolution, and died May 23, 1856, near Vergennes, Vt., at about 96. Mrs. Champion shows a letter written to Elias by his mother, dated Panton, Vt, March 10, 1812— a wonderful epistle, and worthy a matron of that period ; had seven chUdren, of whom only two — Lydia and Daniel E. — are now living. 794 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY : Clark Jno. farmer; Sec. 12; P. 0. Wal lace. Cogswell S. farmer ; Sec. 29 ; P. 0. Ro chelle. Cook H. 0. farmer ; Sec 3 ; P. 0. Lin denwood. Cook Jno. blacksmith ; Lindenwood. Cook William L. farmer ; P. 0. Linden wood. Cook M. W. farmer; P. 0. Lindenwood. Cotton A. W. farmer ; Sec. 21 ; P. 0. Rochelle. COUNTRYMAN DANIEL, Re tired Farmer and Drover; Sec 21 ; owns 625 acres, worth $37,500 ; P. 0. Ro cheUe ; born March 31, 1815, in Stark (Danube), Herkimer Co., N. Y. ; son of John I. and Catharine Hoke Country man ; the latter died in 1817, the former in March, 1843 ; married Feb. 14, 1838, *to Miss SaUy PhUips, who was born Dec. 12, 1818, in Danube (Stark) Her kimer Co., N. Y. ; she was the daughter of Peter W. and Maria Dingman Phil ips ; they have had six children — ^James A., Menzo, Calvin, Zerua, Carrie E. and Jennie V. ; Menzo and Zerua have passed away ; in politics and religion. Independent ; Peter W. Philips was born in Claveriok, Columbia Co., N. Y., Sept. 3, 1785 ; Maria Dingman, same, Sept. II, 1877 ; they were married Jan. 15, 1806 ; he died at Lisle, Broome Co., N. Y., Jan. 26, 1837 ; she, near Cleve land, Ohio, Oct 17, 1857. COUNTRYMAN JAMES ALONZO, Parmer and Stock Feeder; Sec. 20; P. 0. Rochelle; owns 400 acres of land, valued at $20,000 ; was born May 24, 1840, in Stark, Herkimer Co., N. Y. ; son of Daniel and Sally Philips Countryman, both now living on River Farm, on Sec. 21, one of the finest farms in Ogle Co. ; came to this county in 1855, in June, direct from New York ; he was married in Mohawk, Herkimer Co., N. Y., Feb. 26, 1873, to Miss Carrie Klinkhart, adopted daugh ter of his uncle, Moses Countryman, born AprU 18, 1848, in Canajoharie, Montgomery Co., N. Y., daughter of Amos and Katherine Klinkhart ; they have two chUdren — Floyd M., born July 12, 1873, and Flora Belle, born Aug. 14, 1877 ; religion, Ind.; politics, Ind. Republican; has been Supervisor one year, and Town Clerk and Assessor seve ral years ; Mr. C. breeds a very choice voriety of Poland China hogs for sale ; he also keeps improved grade short horns ; ships of his own feeding each year about fifty steers and three hundred hogs. Countryman Harvey, farmer ; Sec 35 ; P. 0. Creston. Countryman John E., farmer ; Sec. 29 ; P. 0. RocheUe. Countryman Alvin, farmer ; Sec. 34; P. 0. Creston. Countryman Calvin, farmer ; Sec. 29 ; P. 0. RocheUe. Countryman David, farmer ; Sec. 29 ; P. 0. Rochelle. Countryman Moses, farmer ; Sec. 20 ; P. 0. Rochelle. Countryman Nathan, farmer ; Sec 29 ; P. 0. RocheUe. DAVIS R. farmer; Sec 33; P. 0. Creston. DAILEY JOSEPH, Farmer; Sec 35 ; P. 0. Creston ; born in Kilmore Parish, Monaghan Co., Ireland, in June, 1822; came to New York in 1850, and to this place in 1862 ; married Aug. 12, 1860, Miss Ann Weller, who was born Nov. 25, 1827, in Minden, Montgomery Co., N. Y. ; they have three ^hUdren — Jennie, Prank and Hattie; Democrat; independent in religious belief; owns 160 acres of land, valued at $10,000. Davis Geo. farmer ; Sec. 33 ; P. 0. Creston. DEWEY LYMAN, Farmer and Carpenter ; Sec 26 ; P. 0. Creston ; born Jan. 20, 1823, in Westfield, Mass.; at three months old his parents moved to Franklin, Portage Co., Ohio ; in 1842 went to Oconomowoc, Wis. ; from there to Rocktoii, Winnebago Co., in 1860 ; in 1863 to White Rock, Ogle Co., in 1865 to Monroe, and here in 1870; married Aug. 25, 1843, to Miss Mary Osborn, who was born June 14, 1825, at Attica, Genesee Co., N. Y. ; have three children — Emlous, Rush L. and Jennie ; all married ; owns 280 acres of land, valued at $14,000 ; Republican ; Spiritualist. Dailey Thos. farmer; Sec. 35; P. 0. Creston. Dewey Emlous, farmer; Sec 26; P. 0. Creston. Dewey Rush, far.; S. 26 ; P. 0. Creston. LINNVILLE TOWNSHIP. 795 Dewey .'Jennie, farmer ; Sec 26 ; P. 0. Creston. Dresser Elijah, farmer; Sec. 8; P. 0. Lin denwood. DREXLER GEORGE, Parmer ; Sec. 25 ; P. 0. Creston ; born in Wil- denherg, Bavaria, Germany, AprU 5, 1834; came to Montgomery Co., N. Y., in 1852 ; married Dec. 8, 1868, to Miss Eliza C. Bauder, who was born April 12, 1836, in Palatine, Montgomery Co., N. Y. ; came to Ogle Co., in 1869; have three living children — Libbie, Jen nie and Ervin, and have lost three — Jerry and Perry twins, and Lana ; poli tics, Republican; religion, Protestant; owns 160 acres, valued at $8,000. EARL JNO., farmer. Sec. 18 ; P. 0. Lindenwood. Emerich Jno., farm ; S. 1 ; P. 0. Wallace. Eddy Delos, farmer, S. 33 ; P. 0. Creston. Elliott N. B., farmer. Sec 30, P. 0. Rochelle. Elliott Jas. E., farmer. Sec. 8; P. 0. Lindenwood. 1UETCHBR D., farmer, S. 29 ; P. 0. RocheUe. FLOWERS JOHN H., Farmer, Sec. 36 ; P. 0. Creston ; owns 160 acres of land valued at $7,000 ; he was born July 4, 1846, in Bedford Co., Va. ; son of WilUam T. and Hettie Flowers, who now live in Elkhart Co., Ind. ; was mar ried Oct. 28, 1873, to Jennie Swift Whipple, who was born Oct. 5, 1842, and who had three children, one since dead. Politics, Rep.; religion, Ind.; have three children — Charles D., Ettie E. and Minnie May. Came to Ogle Co. in July, 1871, from Indiana ; served his country in Co. E, 138th Indiana Regi ment GARRITY MICHAEL, farmer, P.O. Lindenwood. Greenway Jno., farmer; Sec. 2 ; P. 0. Wallace. Garrett Thos., farmer ; Sec. 31 ; P. 0. Rochelle. HILL OWEN, farmer ; S. 30 ; P. 0. RocheUe. Hamlin Alonzo, retired ; Sec. 21; P. 0. 'Rochelle. Hamlin Calvin, retired ; Sec. 4 ; P. 0. Lindenwood. Holmes Jos., farm. ; S. 2 ; P. 0. Monroe. Holmes Jas., farm ; S. 2 ; P. 0. Monroe. Holmes Robt., farm. ; S. 2 ; P. 0. Monroe. HamUn Geo., farmer; Sec 4; P. 0. Lindenwood. Hubbard A., farm. ; S. 20 ; P. O. Rochelle. Hubbard M. A., farmer ; Sec. 19 ; P. 0. Rochelle. Humberston S., farmer; Sec. 29; P. 0. Rochelle. Hurberts J., farmer ; Sec. 33 ; P. 0. Rochelle. ISRAEL C, blacksmith ; P. 0. Linden wood. JACK JAS., farmer; Sec 30; P. 0. Rochelle. Jinks Wm., doctor; veterinary surgeon and farmer ; Sec. 12 ; P. 0. Deerfield Prairie. Jinks Geo., farm. ; P. 0. Deerfield Prairie. Johnson S., farmer; Sec. 16; P. 0. Lindenwood. KELLBY WM., farmer; Sec 20; P. 0. Lindenwood. Keiley Jno., farmer ; Sec 20 ; P. 0. Lindenwood. Knight B. A., farmer; Sec 32; P. 0. Rochelle. Knight B. J., farmer; Sec 32; P. 0. Rochelle. KNIGHT JOSHUA A., Farmer ; Sec. 32 ; P. 0. RocheUe ; born Sept. 30, 1830, in MiddleviUe, Herkimer Co., N. Y. ; son of Hezekiah T. and Anna Angell Knight, both now Uving at Mt. Morris, Ogle Co. ; went to Oswego Co., N. Y., then to Jefferson Co., N. Y., and Oct 6, 1855, came to Ogle Co. ; mar ried April 19, 1852, to Achsah J. Davis, in Jefferson Co., N. Y. ; she was born July, 7, 1832, in Schuyler, Herkimer Co., N. Y. ; is a daughter of Richard Davis and Lois Eddy Davis ; they have six children — Alma L., Bradford A. and Bradley J., twins — Herbert T., J. Ad dison and Achsah Jane, twins ; owns 320 acres of land worth about $20,000 ; Republican ; religion, Independent. Kurtz Jacob, farmer ; Sec. 25 ; P. 0. Deerfield Prairie. LAMONT SAMUEL, farmer; Seo. 23 ; P. 0. Deerfield Prairie. Lamont S. Jr., farmer ; Seo. 23 ; P. 0. Deerfield Prairie. Lamont WUliam, farmer ; Sec 23 ; P. 0. Deerfield Prairie. Lamont John, farmer; Sec. 23; P. 0. Deerfield Prairie. 796 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY : Lowe L. H. farmer ; Sec. 18 ; P. 0. Lin denwood. Lee Lewis, farmer ; Sec 27 ; P. 0. Cres ton. Luff Jacob, farmer ; Sec. 8 ; P. 0. Lin denwood. Luff Joseph, farmer ; Sec. 8 ; p. 0. Lin denwood. McCAMMON J. farmer; Sec 31; P. 0. Rochelle. McDowell William, farmer ; Sec. 31 ; P. 0. RocheUe. Minnis James, farmer ; Sec. 32 ; P. 0. Rochelle. Minnis William, farmer ; Sec. 32 ; P. 0 Rochelle. Moon James, sewing machines; Sec. 16; P. 0. Lindenwood. Murphy Pat. farmer ; Sec 10 ; P. 0. Lin denwood. MUNK GEORGE W. Farm Hand ; Sec. 27 ; P. 0. Creston; born Jan. 18, 1856, in Danube, Herkimer Co., N. Y. ; son of Abner and Mary A. Pettelery Munk ; father was born same place in May, 1832 ; mother was born in Stark, Montgomery Co., N. Y., in June, 1834 ; Independent in religion ; in politics Re publican. O'KANE BRIEN, farmer ; Sec 18 ; P. 0. Lindenwood. OLSEN JOHN, Parmer; Seo. 27; P. 0. Creston ; born Nov. 7, 1850, in Grimstad, Norway ; son of Jacob and Johanna F. Teutch Olsen ; came over and to Ogle Co., in 1869 ; married Jan. 1876, to Tilde Gunderson, who was bom in Norway, in 1854 ; Republican ; Lu theran. PERKINS A. H. farmer; Sec 17; P. 0. Lindenwood. Perkins Thomas, farmer ; Sec. 8 ; P. 0. Lindenwood. Pepper Charles, farmer ; Sec 2 ; P. 0. Lindenwood. Perry C. B. farmer ; Sec. 5 ; P. 0. Lin denwood. Perry Prank, farmer ; Sec. 5 ; P. 0. Lin denwood. PERRY WILLIAM F. Farmer; P. 0. Lindenwood; born Sept 2, 1817, in Killingly, Conn.; son of Anson and Abilena Buck Perry ; he was married April 2, 1843, in his native town, to Miss Mary Ann Talbot, who was born in Killingly, Conn., on the 25th of June, 1823 ; she was a daughter of David and Betsey Smith Talbot ; the parents of both are dead ; they had four children, three now living — Cassius E., Prank 0. and Ida A.; Harriet A., their third chUd, is dead ; Mrs. Perry is a Methodist ; Mr. Perry is independ ent in religion and politics ; he has been Supervisor six years and Justice of the Peace eight years ; he owns 250 acres of land, valued at $15,000 ; came to Ogle Co. in Feb., 1855. Peterson Aug.; Sec. 5; Lindenwood. PRICE LEVI, Farmer; Sec. 27; P. 0. Creston ; born in Minden, Mont gomery Co., N. Y., Sept 14, 1841 ; son of Joseph and Gittie Mowers Price ; father now living in Jefferson Co., N. Y.; married, Sept 29, 1865, to Amelia Anstead, who was bom May 16, 1847, in Le Ray, Jefferson Co., N. Y.; her father and mother were David and Alice Butterfield Anstead ; came to Ogle Co. in 1876, from De Kalb Co.; there, in May, 1875, from Livingston Co.; there, from New York, in 1874 ; in religion, Independent ; in politics. Republican ; have four children — Ada Alice, Elda A., Ward D. W. and Mina C. PRITCHARD HIRAM F. Farm er ; Sec. 36 ; P. O. Creston ; born July 8, 1842, in Chautauqua, Franklin Co., N. Y.; when quite young went to St Lawrence Co., N. Y.; at about 21, came to De Kalb Co., III.; settled here in 1866 ; served in Co. G, 105th Regi ment 111. Infantry ; Republican ; in re ligious belief, Independent ; married, Feb. 20, 1866, to Miss Emma Wood ard, who was born May 26, 1843, in Milwaukee, Wis.; she was daughter of Slocum Woodard, now of Sycamore, IU.; died March 21, 1878 ; have four children — Alice, Earnest L., Winnifred and Ralph Myrton ; (.wns 140 acres of land, valued at $8,000. Randa J. 0. farmer ; Sec. 27 ; P. 0. Cres ton. Remington L. farmer ; Sec. 29 ; P. 0. Rochelle. Reynolds B. farmer ; P. 0. Rochelle. Roberts J. C. ; S. 17 ; P..0. Lindenwood. Rossman F. G. farmer ; Sec. 35 ; P. 0. Creston. Rossman H. farmer ; S. 35 ; P. 0. Creston LINNVILLE TOWNSHIP. 797 Rossman C. farmer ; S. 35 ; P. 0. Creston. Rossman N. farmer ; Sec. 35 ; P. 0. Cres ton. PULLIN R. farmer ; Sec. 8 ; P. 0. Lindenwood. Pullin I. farmer ; Sec. 8 ; P. 0. Linden wood. Pullin Jno. farmer ; Sec. 8 ; P. 0. Linden wood. SCHUMAKER L. merchant ; Linden wood. Schumaker Jno. Lindenwood. Schumaker P. Lindenwood. Schumaker A. Lindenwood. Schumaker Jno. Jr. Lindenwood. Sharp John, farmer; Sec. 16; P. 0. Lin denwood. Schermerhorn H. P. farmer; S. 11 ; P. 0. Lindenwood. Shaul Simon, farmer ; Sec. 19 ; P. 0. Ro chelle. Somers Jas. farmer ; S. 4 ; P. 0. Linden wood. Somers G. F. farmer ; Sec. 4 ; P. 0. Lin denwood. Somers Saward, farmer ; Sec. 4 ; P. 0. Lindenwood. Somers Wm. farmer ; Sec. 4 ; P 0. Lin denwood. Southard D. farmer ; Sec. 26 ; P. 0. Deerfield Prairie. Southard Jno. farmer ; Sec. 36 ; P. 0. Creston. Strang J. L. blacksmith ; Lindenwood. Sturges L. C. wagonmaker ; Lindenwood. Sexton L. farmer ; S. 24 ; P. 0. Creston. Stocking L. farmer ; Sec. 6 ; P. 0. Lin denwood. Stocking H., farmer ; Sec. 6 ; P. 0. Lin denwood. Spaulden P. farmer ; Sec 22 ; P. 0. Lin denwood. J Sullivan Jas. farmer ; Sec. 23 ; P. 0. Ro chelle. Stansberry S. farmer ; Sec. 8 ; P. 0. Lin denwood. TALBOT P. H. farmer ; S. 20 ; P. 0. RocheUe. Talbot D. H. far.; S. 19 ; P. 0. Rochelle. Talbot J. W. farmer ; Sec. 4 ; P. 0. Lin denwood. Talbot J. I. farmer ; Sec. 4 ; P. 0. Linden wood. Talbot W. farmer ; Sec 4; P. 0. Linden wood. Thompson D. farmer; Sec. 3; P. 0. Lin- den^od. Thompson A. farmer ; Sec 29 ; P. 0. Ro chelle. Thompson Jno. farmer ; Sec. 31 ; P. O. Rochelle. Turkington O. G. farmer ; Sec. 32 ; P. O. Rochelle. Turkington Jno. farmer ; Sec. 32 ; P. O. Rochelle. YAN SYCKLE T. farmer ; Sec. 6 ; P. 0. Lindenwood. Van Syckle Isaac, farmer ; Sec 6 ; P. 0. Lindenwood. Vam Syckle R. farmer; Sec 18; P.O. Lindenwood. Van Dresser Geo. farmer ; Sec. 24 ; P. 0. Creston. WADY HARRY, farmer ; Sec 24 ; P. 0. Deerfield Prairie. Westesvelt S. R. farmer ; with J. C. Rob erts, P. 0. Lindenwood. Wernstedt J. farmer ; Sec 18 ; P. 0. Lin denwood. Woodworth A. J. farmer ; Sec. 29 ; P. O. Rochelle. White, M. J. farmer ; Sec. 29 ; P. 0. Ro- ciigIIg. WHITCOMB JOSEPH, Farmer; P. 0. Creston ; Sec. 34 ; born June 20, 1849, in York Co., Pa. ; Republican ; religion Independent. Son of George and Catherine Henneizer Whitcomb. Married Oct. 2, 1872, to Louisa Wag ner Van Horn, who was born Aug. 20, 1840, in Danube, Herkimer Co., N. Y., daughter of Felix and Leah Wagner. Lutheran. Her son, Walter C. Van Horn, was born Aug. 26, 1860 ; Bertie J., son of Joseph and Louisa, was bom in Oct 1873. 798 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY; MONROE TOWNSHIP. A LLEN EDWARD, laborer; Monroe. Allen Fred. M. farmer ; Sec 12; Wallace. Allen Isaac, watchmaker; Monroe. Allen Julius, carpenter ; Monroe. BAKER CAPT. retired architect; Sec 7 ; P. 0. New Milford. Baker S. W. farmer ; Sec. 7 ; P. 0. New Milford. Bender E. L. farmer; Sec. 22; P. 0. Monroe. Bennett W. W. farmer ; Sec. 35 ; P. 0. Monroe. Blake Arthur, farmer ; P. 0. Monroe. Blake John, farmer ; P. 0. Monroe. Bowman Edward A. merchant ; Monroe. Bowman George, farmer ; Sec. 11; P. 0. Wallace. Bowman John S. farmer ; Sec. 11 ; P. 0. Wallace. Bressler Cornelius, farmer ; P. O. Monroe. Bressler George, farmer ; Sec. 10 ; P. 0. Monroe. Bressler G. A. Jr. farmer ; P. 0. Monroe. Brown B. F. farmer; Sec 1; P..0. Wallace. Brown Charles, farmer ; Sec. 1 ; P. 0. Wallace. Butler John, farmer; Sec. 35 ; P. 0. Monroe. C ARRET ALEX, farmer ; Sec 9 ; P. 0. Monroe. CAIN JUSTUS H. Farmer and Stock Feeder ; Sec. 23 ; P. 0. Monroe ; owns 120 acres of land, worth $60 per acre ; was born in Eagle, Wyoming Co., N. Y., AprU 23, 1842 ; his parents, Justus Cain and Eliza H. Orton Cain, are now living in Byron, this county ; came to Ogle Co., from N. Y., in 1865 ; was married July 2, 1866, to Miss Josephine E. Evans, who was born Feb. 18, 1844, in Monroe, daughter of John and Sophie Crill Evans ; her father died March 23, 1845 ; her mother is now Mrs. Norman Hitchcock ; have two chUdren— Luna A., born May 23, 1867; Mida A., June 23, 1869 ; both inde pendent in religious belief ; Republican ; he served two years in Co. F, 33d N. Y. Vol. Infantry. Castle George H. far; S. 3 ; P. 0. Monroe. Castle John, farmer ; Sec. 3 ; P. 0. Monroe. Castle John W. farmer ; Sec. 3 ; P. 0. Monroe. Chandler C. C. hardware merchant Monroe. CIPPERLY DAVID A. Parmer Sec. 8 ; P. 0- Monroe Center ; owns 240 acres of land, valued at $12,000 he was born Jan. 6, 1835, in Bruns wick, Rensselaer Co., N. Y.; son of John J. and Olive Bulson Cipperley; was married in Brunswick, N. Y., Jan. 26, 1859, to Martha M. FUe, who was born March 6, 1838, in Brunswick, daughter of John and Margaret Coon- radt Pile ; came to lUinois March 4, 1862, to Winnebago Co., and here Oct. 9, 1863 ; they have ten children — Alice E., born May 11, 1860; Al pharetta J., Dec. 15, 1861 ; Ellsworth E., Aug. 24, 1863 ; Hattie R., Aug. 30, 1865; Stanby E., Aug. 21, 1867; Addie B., June 19, 1869; Wilbur N., March 6,1871; Lottie M., AprU 12, 1873; Carrie P., May 24, 1875; Charles V., June 14, 1876. His brother, Samuel L. Cipperly, served in Co. C, 2d Regt. N. Y. Vol. Inf, and was killed at the explosion of Ft. Fisher ; independent in religion, and a Democrat. Clark Austin, druggist ; Monroe. Clark W. A., farm.; S.34; P. 0. Monroe Cline Jacob, farm.; S. 15 ; P. 0. Monroe. CONANT CYRUS C. Farmer and Stock Dealer ; Sec 17 ; P. 0. Mon roe Center ; owns 191 acres of land, valued at $10,000 ; was born in Syca more, DeKalb Co., IU., Dec 15, 1844; son of Abram and Delila Marble Conant; came to Ogle Co. Mar. 5, 1863 ; mar ried here May 1, 1866, to Miss fiamet Riceborough, bom in Monroe, Sept. 2, 1847 ; daughter of WilUam and Esther Plane Riceborough, both natives of England ; there are 4 four children : Ella, born Jan. 27, 1867; Mary P., born Nov. 18, 1868; Abram, born Sept. 22, 1870 ; Prank, born Oct. 20, 1875. Abram Conant came from near Boston, Mass., to Sycamore in 1843, and was in the boot and shoe trade MONROE TOWNSHIP. 799 there for several years ; he died March 5, 1864. Mrs. DelUa Conant died in Monroe, June 1, 1870. Independent in religion ; Republican in politics. COOK JESSE J. Pacific Street, Monroe; born June 14, 1843, in Beloit, Wis. ; married, Dec. 25, 186'7, in Mon roe To-wnship, to Kate S. Farber, daughter of Geo. W. and Polly Sheaff Farber ; she was born Nov. 4, 1850, in Monroe Township ; have had three chil dren— OrviUe A., born Oct. 16, 1868 ; died Dec 13, 1868 ; Howard B., born May 22, 1870; and Fannie S., born Jidy 18, 1873 ; came to this county when about five years old ; religion, both Universalist ; politics. Republican owns 240 acres of land worth $12,000 has been Town Clerk in Lynnville served his country as private in Com pany A, 12th Illinois Cavalry for over three years. His father, Jesse Cook, now living with him, was born Aug. 14, 1804, in Lebanon, Grafton Co., N. H. ; son of Jesse and Philena Hough Cook ; he was married Aug. 20, 1827, in Coventry, Orleans Co., Vt., to Sophia Harvey, who was boyn Feb. 19, 1807, in Vt. ; they had eight children — Charies, bom Jan. 4, 1830, died Dec 28, 1835 ; George H., born Feb. 20, 1833; Clarissa A., born Feb. 14, 1835, (mar ried to John P. Earl, and drowned her self AprU 16, 1860) ; Hiram Oscar, born June 30, 1839 ; Jesse J., born June 14, 1843 ; Edwin E., born May 10, 1849, died Sept 11, 1871. Mrs. Sophia Cook died May 20, 1874. Jesse Cook and family came to Ogle County in the Winter of 1848 ; he is a Universalist and Republican. Cook J., Sr. Coonradt P. A. farmer ; Sec. 4 ; P. 0. New MUford. Corbet James E. farmer ; Sec 9 ; P. 0. Monroe. CriU Harvey, farmer ; Sec. 15 ; P. 0. Monroe. CrUl I. J. farm.. Sec. 13 ; P. 0. Wallace. CRILL JOHN J. Farmer, Stock Dealer and Feeder, Raiser of Norman Horses and Short Horn Cattle ; Sec 14 ; P. 0. Monroe Center; owns 500 acres of land, valued at $22,500 ; he was born May 12, 1825, in Steuben, Oneida Co., N. Y.; son of Henry Crill and Betsy Brooks CriU ; came to New Milford Sept 25, 1843 ; to Monroe in Decem ber, 1844, to Sec. 14 ; was married Nov. 7, 1847, in Flora Township, Boone Co., to Miss Margaret Keith, who was born Jan. 28, 1829, in Manchester, Morgan Co., Ohio; daughter of Balsar Keith and Lucy Smith Keith ; the latter came to Cherry Valley in May, 1837, from Indiana, and there in 1836 ; Mr. Keith was born near Harper's Ferry, Va. ; Mrs. Keith was a native of Connecticut. Mr. and Mrs. Crill have had three chil dren, all now married — Michael J., born Aug. 11, 1848; Orlando F., born May 30, 1850 ; Lottie Augusta, born May 21, 1856; they also have an adopted son — Ellsworth Crill, born March 24, 1863, a son of Aaron Houdeshell, for merly of York Co., Penn. Thomas Crill, grandfather of the above, John J., was a native of Hesse Darmstadt, Ger many ; he came over as a British soldier during the Revolutionary war ; was taken prisoner in Eastern New York ; was liberated, and hired out to a farmer, who was soon after drafted, when young Crill took his place, served out the nine months and then enlisted for the war ; he survived the war, and in later life his name was on the pension roll as one of the noble defenders of his adopted country ; he died in Stark, Herkimer Co., N. Y., when about 85 years of age. The grandfather on the mother's side spent many years in the Southern States as a tin peddler, selling the ware for a New England firm ; he died in Steuben, Oneida Co., when about 60 years of age. The great-grandfather, Samuel Brooks, was a native of London, Bug., and was one of Gen. Washington's picked Body Guard. There is now in the possession of George Brooks, a cousin of the subject of this biography, now living in Lewis Co., N. Y., a small bureau, made in London in 1601, and StUl in use. Mr. Crill and lady visited the great Centennial Exposition at Phil adelphia, in October, 1876, and the tomb of the immortal Washington, at Mt. Vernon, and places of chief interest in and around Washington, our National Capital. WhUe on the old farm, at Mt. Vernon, Mr. Crill cut a nice chest nut cane, which he stUl preserves as a 800 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY : memento ; while in the State of New York, on his way home from his Cen tennial trip, he refused an offer of $25 for the coveted stick. The son, Michael J. Crill, was married Jan. 3, 1871, to Miss Amelia Hondershell, who was born in Pennsylvania Jan. 2, 1847 ; daughter of Jacob and Nancy Oberdier Honde- shell, now living in Cherry Valley ; they have one chUd — Nellie Agatha, bom Sept. 30, 1873 ; Michael and family live at the old homestead ; all Bepublicans. CriU Michael, farmer. Sec 15 ; P. 0. Monroe. CRILL ORLANDO F. Farmer, Sec 15; P. 0. Monroe; born May 30, 1850, on Sec 14, son of J. J. and Mar garet Keith Crill ; was married Dec 17, 1873, in Rockford, to Miss JuUa E. Matthews, who was born June 1, 1852, in West Constable, Franklin Co., N. Y., daughter of John T. and Elvira P. Garvin Matthews ; latter died July 14, 1877. Have had two children — John, born Oct 4, 1874, died Feb. 28, 1875 ; aud Perry J., March 27, 1877. Owns 127 acres of land, valued at $45 per acre. Independent in religion ; Repub lican in politics. CriU Thomas, farmer. Sec. 26; P. 0. Crill Willard, farmer. Sec. 25 ; P. 0. \\[ it 1 1 jipp crill' WILLIAM, Farmer and Stock Feeder, Sec. 14 ; P. 0. WaUace ; owns 440 acres of land, worth $22,000. He was born in Steuben, Oneida Co., N. Y., on May 19, 1840, a son of Henry CrUl and Betsey Brooks CrUl ; family came to New MUford, Winnebago Co., Sept. 25, 1843, and to this place in December, 1844. He was married in Rockford, 111., Dec. 11, 1866, to Miss Lucy D. Crawford, who was born in Sinking Valley, Huntington Co., Pa., Nov. 28, 1844, daughter of Thomas and Harriet WUson Crawford. The latter is now living in Rochelle. Will iam and Lucy D. Crfll have three chil dren — WiUiam Henry, born Nov. 9, 1867; Emma Grace, Aug. 5, 1869; and George Herman, Nov. 26, 1874. Independent in religion ; Republican. For ancestral history, see John J. Crill. DICKER DANL. N. farmer, Sec 17 ; P. 0. Monroe. Drager August, farmer. Sec 10 ; P. 0. Monroe. Dunning Wm. A. farmer. Sec. 19 ; P. 0. Davis Junction. Durink Lewis, farmer. Sec. 14 ; P. 0. Wallace. EARL ALBERT, farmer. Sec 19 ; P. 0. Monroe. , Eari John P. farmer, Sec 29; P. 0. Monroe; EARL WILLARD W. Butcher, Dealer in Meats, Confectionery, etc.. Pacific street, Monroe ; born April 14, 1836, in Pembroke, Genesee Co., N. Y., son of HoUand and Matilda Post Earl, both dead. Came to Ogle County in May, 1848; married Nov. 25, 1863, to Mary W. Spring ; born Sept. 14, 1835 ; in Hartford, Washington Co., N. Y., daughter of Anson and Clarissa Warren Spring. Have four children — Willard, Harry B., Clara BeU, Myrtie Louisa. Religion, both Independent ; political. Independent. Earnest Elijah, farmer. Sec 1 ; P. 0. Wallace. Eastman J. farmer. Sec. 5; P. 0. New Milford. EDSON ALONZO J. M. D., Phy sician, Surgeon and Accoucher, S. 4; P. 0. New Milford ; came here in 1857 from Genesee Co., N. Y. ; read medicine in New York, and in 1856-57 in Cincin nati, 0.; has practiced here over twenty years; was born April 7, 1827, in Gen esee, Genesee Co., N. Y.; son of Gam aliel and Hannah Boyland Edson ; was married Oct. 4, 1847, to Miss Cornelia E. Howe, daughter of Phineas and Ruth White Howe, and born in October, 1826, in Elba, Genessee Co., N. Y. She died in Cincinnati, 0., in 1864, where she was taken for a surgical operation. The Doctor was married again Jan. 22, 1865, to Mrs. Mercy May Pardy, daughter of Sullivan and Betsey Banks, who was born Jan. 11, 1837. She had two chUdren by her first marriage — Rolan C. Pardy, bom Nov. 12, 1859, now living here, and Kittie May born March 4, 1863 ; died Aug. 27, 1866. By last marriage — Burtis and Curtis, twins, bom Sept. 10, 1866 ; George A., Oct 4, 1868 ; and Kittie May, Jan. 21, 1871. Owns 100 acres of land, valued at $6,000. Re- MONROE TOWNSHIP. 801 Ugion, Methodist Episcopal; politics, Republican. Edson G. farmer ; Sec. 4 ; P. O. New MUford. Everton Henry, farmer ; Sec. 34 ; P. 0. Monroe. EYCHANER MRS. CLA RINDA, Sec 23; P. 0. Monroe; owns 440 acres of land, worth $25,000; born Oct 10, 1829, in Norwich, Che nango Co., N. Y.; daughter of Joshua and Celestia (Thompson) King ; her mother is living here ; was married Jan. 28, 1850, to John Eychaner, who was born Nov. 18, 1818, in Steuben, Oneida Co., N. Y., son of Jacob and Dorothy Cassler Eychaner ; he died on Friday, AprU 24, 1863, on the homestead here ; came to Ogle Co., in Aug., 1848 ; have four children — Francis A., born AprU 5, 1851 ; Emma C, October 20, 1853; Perry J., July 15, 1856 ; Ella A., Dec 6, 1862 ; in religion she is of Methodist belief. Eychaner Prank, farmer ; Sec. 23 ; P. 0. Monroe. FARBER CHARLES, Farmer ; Sec. 16; P. 0. Monroe FARBER GEORGE W. Farmer; Sec 31 ; P. 0. Holcomb ; born near Paterson, N. J., Aug. 31, 1827 ; son of Abraham Farber, a native of Virginia, and Elizabeth Hodge Farber, a native of Pennsylvania ; her family was at the terrible Wyoming massacre, and Orlean- ists, who left Ireland for opinion's sake; she died in Wisconsin ; G. W. F. was married March 16, 1848, at Springfield, 0., by Rev. Mr. Poster, M. E., to Polly Sheaff, who was bom Nov. 22, 1827, in Scipio, Cayuga County, N. Y., daughter of John and Nancy Summy Sheaff; her parents are now living at Springfield, O.; have three children — Charles Elmer, born May 8, 1849 ; Sarah C, Nov. 4, 1850 ; EUa, Oct. 6, 1852 ; all married ; both independent in religion ; politics. Independent Republican ; came Ogle County in Spring of 1850, from Ohio; owns 255 acres of land, valued at $16,500. FIELD ALBERT, Parmer; Sec. 24; P. 0. WaUace,. De Kalb Co. ; was born May 11, 1828, in China (Arcade), Genesee Co. (now Wyoming Co.), N. Y. ; son of Albert and Azubah Jackson Field ; was married Mar. 20, 1855, to Miss Lang M. Crill, who was bom Oc tober 10, 1828, daughter of James and Susan Geiwitz Crill ; they have three chUdren — Resetta M., born May 20, 1858 ; Charles S., born April 8, 1860, and John B., born Dec 8, 1861 ; father was a native of Bennington Co., Vt. ; leaving there in 1815 for Western New York, and from there to Kishwaukee. May 10, 1839, and to this place about June 1, 1839 ; father died here Aug, 29, 1872, aged 77 ; mother living here ; for first few weeks here, lived in a house made of goods boxes and rough boards ; mother and self last survivors of settlers here eariier than 1840 ; 8 years Super visor ; has been Assessor and Collector ; owns 291 acres, valued at $20,000. FILE JOSHUA, Parmer, Sec 4; P. 0. New MUford ; owns 240 acres of land, valued at $12,000 ; born March 29, 1814, in Brunswick, Rensselaer Co., N.-Y. ; son of Abraham and Magdalena Smith Pile; married Oct 7, 1837, in Sand Lake, Rensselaer Co., N. Y., to Mary Ann Coonradt, daughter of PhU- lip and Hannah Coonradt ; have had four chUdren — -Wm. Nelson, born Oct. 11, 1838, died July 2, 1864, at Big Shanty, Ga., of wounds received in bat tle ; Sidney S., born June 22, 1841; Sarah Elizabeth, born Jan. 12, 1844 ; Maggie N., born April 5, 1855 ; came to Rockford in Dec, 1868 ; lived one year there, then two years in Cherry Valley, then here ; members of the M. E. Church ; Republican. FILE SIDNEY S. Farmer ; Sec. 4 ; P. 0. New Milford ; was born June 22, 1841 ; in Brunswick, Rensselaer Co., N. Y.; son of Joshua and Mary Ann Coon radt File; married Dec 6,1866, in Rock ford, to Frances C. Hayner, daughter of John A. and Harriet C. Vandeicook Hayner ; Michael Vanderoook, father of Mrs. Hayner, was one of the first set tlers in Cherry Valley, Winnebago Co.; settling there in 1838 ; S. S. and Mary Ann File have had five children — ^Myr- tie, born in Rockford, Dec. 17, 1869, died March 20, 1870; Nelson, bom April 14, 1871, in Cherry VaUey, died Aug. 18, 1871 ; Elmer Clayton, born May 25, 1872 ; WUlis Tremain, born Dec 22, 1873, and Bessie Prances, born 802 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY ; Dec. 12, 1875; these three in Monroe, came to Winnebago Co. in May, 1864, from Ames, Montgomery Co., N. Y., to Monroe, in Feb., 1872 ; now holding a second term, each, as Justice of the Peace, and School Trustee of the town ship. Are both members of the M. E. Church ; Republican. Fisher C. H. merchant and Postmaster ; Monroe. Poster E. A. farmer ; S. 17 ; P. 0. Mon roe. Fountain Leonard, wagon maker ; Monroe. FuUerton Charles, farmer ; Sec. 26 ; P. 0. Monroe. FULLERTON MRS. BAR BARA ANN, Sec. 26 ; P. 0. Mon roe; has 120 acres; born Feb. 18, 1830, in Fairfield, Crawford Co., Pa., daughter of John Moyers and Betsey Mallory Moyers ; married March 18, 1866, to Henry FuUerton, in Sycamore, 111. ; Henry was bom March 14, 1813, in Hebron, Cayuga Co., N. Y., son of William and Betsey FuUerton ; Henry was one of fourteen children, seven of whom were born neaf and dumb, but all bright children ; one pair of twins, hoys , one deaf and dumb, the other had all his faculties ; Mrs. P. has lived here twelve years; came from Kingston, De Kalb Co. ; lived there twenty-two years ; Mrs P. had three chUdren by a former marriage — -Henry D., born Sept. 25, 1845 ; Charles A., July 3, 1850 ; Frank J., June 4, 1857; in religious belief Mrs. P. is a Disciple. GIFFORD DANIEL, M. D. physi cian and surgeon ; Monroe. * Gordon WiUiam C. farmer ; Sec. 12 ; P. 0. Wallace. Gorman A. farmer ; Sec. 6 ; P. 0. New Milford. Govern John, farmer ; S. 1 ; P. 0. Cherry Valley. HANER J. A. farmer ; Sec 4 ; P. 0. New Milford. HALL JOSEPH W. Retired Farmer ; res. on Pacific street, Monroe ; born May 17, 1819, in Hanover, Graf ton Co., N. H. ; son of Alba and Vina Tenny flail, both dead ; married Feb. 24, 1853; at Na-au-say, KendaU Co., 111. , to Maria A. Van Dyke, daughter of Pe ter and Hannah Bovee Van Dyke ; she was bom Sept 28, 1826, in Amster dam, Montgomery Co., N. Y. ; they had one child die unnamed, then Alba B., born Oct 2, 1857, died Sept 12, 1860 ; Alba E., born June 19, 1860 ; three in all, and all born in Monroe ; came to KendaU Co., Sept. 23, 1849 ; to Ogle Co., in Dec. 1853 ; father died at Nevada, Storey Co., Iowa, Nov. 11, 1868; mother died in Hanover, N. H., June 26, 1836 ; her father died at Na-au-say, III, Nov. 15, 1862 ; mother in Seward, KendaU Co., Ill, Feb. 6, 1876; these came to IU., Sept 13, 1843 ; Mr. Hall's father came to Rochelle in 1850, and in 1856, went to Storey Co., Iowa ; Uni versalist ; Republican. Hardy Henry, farm. ; S. 11 ; P.O. Monroe. Ham G farmer ; Sec. 30 ; P. 0. Holcomb. Higgins Peter, farmer ; Sec 32 ; P. 0. Lindenwood. Heller PhUlip, farmer ; Sec 22 ; P. 0. Monroe. Helmer Daniel, farmer ; Sec. 23 ;, P. 0. Monroe. Helmer Leonard, farmer ; Sec. 20 ; P. 0. Mnrooe. Hess Abram, farmer ; S. 15 ; P. 0. Monroe. Hess Joseph, farmer ; S. 15 ; P.O. Monroe. Hildebrand C. farmer ; Monroe. Hildebrand Frederick, hardware merchant ; Monroe. Hildebrand Henry, farmer ; Sec 20 ; P. 0. Monroe. Hildebrand Lewis, farmer ; Sec 21 ; P. 0. Monroe. Hines Michael, farmer ; Sec. 28 ; P. 0. Monroe. HITCHCOCK NORMAN, Farm er ; Sec. 23 ; P. 0. Monroe owns 240 ; acres of land, worth $15,000 ; born Aug. 11, 1815, in Messena, St. Lawrence Co., N. Y. ; came to Pecatonica in 1846 ; to Ogle Co. in 1848 ; was married Sept. 2, 1848, to Mrs. Sophia Crill Evans. widow of John Evans, who died here March 23, 1845 ; Sophia CrUl was born Sept. 13, 1824, in Steuben, Oneida Co., N. Y. ; daughter of Henry CriU and Betsey Brooks Crill, who are now living in the city of Rockford ; John and So phia Evans had one child, Josephine B., born Feb. 18, 1844, who is now married to Justus H. Cain, and living here ; Mr. Hitchcock by a former marriage had one son — Nelson, who was born Nov. 26, 1839, and is now living at Waterloo, la. ; MONROE TOWNSHIP. 803 Mr. H. had a slight stroke of paralysis ; in June, 1873 ; on Oct. 28, 1874, he had a severe ono, and since Nov. 17, 1877, has been quite helpless, and faU ing daily, and cannot long survive. (Feb. 19, 1878.) Mr. and Mrs. H. are Meth odists. Republican. Hoffman Francis, tailor ; WaUace. HORN GOTTLIEB, Farmer; Sec 30 ; P. 0. Holcomb ; born in Prussia, in 1827 ; married Fredrica Wodzicke, in Germany, in 1856 ; she was horn in Prus sia, in 1833 ; two children — Martha, born Oct 10, 1870 ; Powel, Jan. 12, 1873 ; came to this country in 1854, and set tled in LaPorte County, Ind.; in 1857 came to this county and settled near his present estate ; enlisted in 39th I. S. V., Co. D, as bugler. Sept 1861 ; was in battles of Winchester, Seige of Fort Sumpter, where he was wounded by a shell ; also wounded at Bermuda ; after a service of two years he re-enlisted with same regiment, and served under Gilmore in South Carolina, Shields, Ord and Grant, with whom he served through the battles of the WUdemess and Spot sylvania, at the surrender of the South ern Army ; mustered out at Springfield, III., Dec. 6, 1865 and honorably dis charged. Hornell L. C. physician and surgeon ; Monroe. Houdeshell Adam, farmer ; Sec. 22; P. 0. Monroe. TURAL L. farmer ; P. 0. Monroe. Jackson Sylvester, farmer ; P. 0. Monroe. Jackson WiUington, farm.; P. 0. Monroe. Jewett J. B. farmer; Sec 25; P. 0. Wallace. Johnson Herman, farmer ; Sec. 28 ; P. O. Monroe. Johnson James, farmer ; Sec. 28 ; P. 0. Monroe. KILLEY WILLIAM, Farmer; Sec. 9 ; P. 0. Monroe ; bom March 17, 1826, in Jurby Parish, Isle of Man; son of William and Catharine Quine KUley ; came to the United States to Cuyahoga Co., Ohio in 1852 ; to Wendall Co., IU. 1856 ; to Winnebago Co., same year ; went to Wis. in 1867 ; back to Winne bago Co. in 1871, and settied here in 1877 ; married AprU 12, 1864, to Jane Cowley, who was born June 5, 1842, in Kirkbride Parish, Isle of Man ; daughter of PhUlip and Jane Sayle Cowley ; have had no children ; has 80 acres of land, valued at $45 per acre ; Independent in religion. KNAPP JARED W. Farmer, Breeder of thoroughbred Sheep, Farrier, etc. ; Sec 27 ; P. 0. Monroe Center ; came to Roscoe, Winnebago Co., in Oct. 1855, living there seven and a half years, then here in the Spring of 1862 ; he was born in Hopewell, Ontario Co., N. Y., May 7, 1825 ; his parents were Jared and Sarah Bedell Knapp ; re moved to Bergen, Genesee Co., N. Y. in 1832 ; was married in Bergen, Dec 19, 1843, to Miss Harriet M. South- worth, who was born Oct. 14, 1824, in Bergen; her father, Wheaton Southworth, Esq., was one of the first settlers in Genesee Co. ; he mother was Martha Gifford Southworth ; have had five chil dren — W. De Forrest, born August 2, 1847; Humphery D., Oct 16, 1850, died, Jan. 22, 1852 ; Harriet A., May 26, 1852; died Sept. 2, 1852 ;- Margaret A., Oct 22, 1853; George W., March 23, 1865 ; has been Supervisor two years ; Justice of .the Peace eight years ; Assessor one year ; President Ogle Co. Agricultural Society two years. KNAPP W. DE FORREST, Dealer in Farm Machinery, Lumber, Coal, etc ; res. Pacific St., Monroe ; married Oct. 11, 1871, to Miss Emma A. Bennett, who was born Sept. 21, 1847, in Skaneateles, Onondaga, Co., N. Y. ; have two children — Ida Almira, and Edna ; began trade here in Spring of 1875 ; son of J. W. Knapp, Esq., ot Monroe. KOCK FREDERICK, farmer ; Sec 24 ; P. 0. Wallace. Kretzer David, farmer ; Sec. 2 ; P. 0. Monroe. LESTER E. K. farmer ; S. 31 ; P. 0. Lindenwood. Lettis Wm. laborer ; Sec. 30 ; P. 0. Lin denwood. Lines Thomas H. farmer ; Sec. 7 ; P. 0. Monroe. McCULLOUGH JAMES, farmer; Sec. 27 ; P. 0. Monroe. McNeal Daniel, farmer ; Sec. 14 ; P. 0. McNeal John, far.; S. 9 ; P. 0. Monroe. 804 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY: McNeal Peter, farmer ; Sec 15; P.O. Wallace. Maine Andrew, blacksmith, Monroe. Marston J. B. farmer ; Sec. 18 ; P. 0. Monroe. Mathews Harlow L. farmer ; Sec. 2 ; P.O. Monroe. Mathews John T. retired farmer ; P. 0. Monroe. Mellen E. G. farmer ; Sec. 6 ; P. 0. New MUford. MUler I W. farmer ; Sec. 13 ; P. 0. Wal- MILLER JOHN, Parmer ; Sec. 12 ; P. 0. Wallace; owns 160 acres, worth $8,000. Came to the State in 1844 ; settled then about four mUes west of Aurora, and came here in the Pall of 1847 ; was born Feb. 2, 1818, in Steu ben, Oneida Co., N. Y. ; son of John and Mary Crill MiUer. Was married Nov. 18, 1847, to Miss Mary E. War ren, who was born Sept. 24, 1823, in Andes, Delaware Co., N. Y., and was a daughter of Luke and Mary Baird War ren, both of whom died in Michigan ; father in Allegan, mother in Benton, Baton Co. Have had no children, ex cept two adopted ones — Nettie Miller and Ellen Walker Miller. Religion, Disciples of Christ ; politics Republican, A nephew, Warren Walker, now living with the family, was born Aug. 27, 1842, in Rushford, Alleghany Co. N.Y.; was married Nov. 19, 1877, to Miss Ella Warren, who was born Aug. 14, 1855, in Burlington, DeKalb Co. ; was in Company P, 13th Michigan Inf., under Sherman ; served until close of the war. Politics Republican. MILLER THOMAS, Farmer ; Sec 11 ; P. 0. WaUace, De Kalb Co.; owns 160 acres of land, valued at $8,000 ; was born April 6, 1812, in Warren Herkimer Co., N. Y.; son of John and Mary CrUl Miller ; he married Jan. 4, 1842, Nancy Vandawalker, who was born Sept. 17, 1813, in Steuben, Oneida Co., N. Y., daughter of Jacob and Eunice Fuller Vandawalker ; came to Illinois, four miles west of Aurora, in Fall of 1844, here in Feb., 1848 ; have had five children — Lester John, born Oct. 9, 1842, died in battle, at Resaca, Ga., May 15, 1864; George Wesley, born Aug. 8, 1844, died Aug. 14, 1845 ; Charles Leroy, born April 19, 1848 ; Lucina Maria, born June 7, 1851 ; Abram Franklin, born Feb. 27, 1857, died Feb. 6, 1878. He was mar ried about a year to Corena Chidester, of Dane Co., Wis.; Charles married Angeline Decker, and Lucina married John Pearl, and these four now live in Wright Co., Iowa ; Thomas MUler was the oldest of twelve children — six boys and six girls; Methodist; Republican. Moore John, farmer ; Sec 6 ; P. 0. New Milford. Mowers Anson, farmer ; Sec 36 ; P. 0. Wallace. Molana Patsy, laborer ; Monroe. "VTASHOLD FRED, farmer ; Sec 20 ; ±N p. 0. Monroe. Nashold M. farmer; Sec 20; P. 0. Monroe. Nachold Martin, farmer ; P. 0. Monroe. Nashold W. farmer; Sec 29; P. 0. Monroe. Nelson L. M. farmer ; Sec 7 ; ,P. 0. Monroe. Nelson L. R. farmer; Sec 17; P. 0. Monroe. OLESON MICHAEL, laborer ; Mon roe. PORTER P. B. farmer ; Sec. 26 ; P. 0. Monroe. PARDEE JOHN S. Farmer ; Sec. 16; P. 0. Monroe Center; owns 120 acres; came to Ogle Co. Sept. 27, 1872, from Winnebago Co., IU., where he went in the FaU of 1837, from Colum bia, Lorain County, Ohio, where he was born the 17th of February, 1832 ; son of Daniel S. and Mahala E. Hakes Pardee ; bis father was born in Connec ticut; his mother was born in New York and died in Winnebago Co. Feb. 2, 1839 ; they were married Oct. 11, 1829; father married Triphena Cobb March 11, 1840 ; stepmother still living in Kenosha, Wis. John S. was married May 10, 1857, to Nancy A. Wilmarth, who was born Sept. 11, 1835, in Foster, R. I ; daughter of Stephen and Hannah Wade WUmarth, who came to Illinois March 8, 1856, from Rhode Island. John S. and Nancy A. have three chU dren — Frank Ernest, born May 31, 1858 ; Clara Etta, born Aug. 19, 1861 ; married Feb. 15, 1867, to WiUiam W. Moore, now Uving in New Milford; MONROE TOWNSHIP. 805 George W., born May 6, 1866. Lived on same place in Winnebago Co. for over thirty years ; one of the first set tlers in this part of the country ; Meth odist; Republican. "DAYMAN A. J. cooper ; Monroe. Reed John, farm.; S. 28 ; P. 0. Monroe. Reed John, Jr., farmer; Sec. 15 ; P. 0. Monroe. Reed Robert, farm.; S. 28 ; P. 0. Monroe. REED THOMAS, Farmer; Sec 33; P. 0. Monroe Center ; owns 120 acres of land, worth $7,000 ; he was born Oct. 1, 1839, in Auohintibbert, Scot land ; his father came to Montgomery Co., N. Y., when Thomas was very young, and to Illinois in Sept., 1843 ; he served four years in the late war — three in Co. B, 1st Cal. Inf, and one in Co. K, 8th Hancock ; he went to Cali- fbmia via New York and the Isthmus in 1858, remaining there three years, and after the war, settled here ; on the 22d of Nov., 1871, he married Miss Margaret A. Knapp,. who was born Oct. 22, 1853, in Genesee Co., N. Y.;' she is the daughter of J. W. and Harriet M. Knapp, and they have two children —Robert Wesley, born Sept. 16, 1871, and George P., born Dec. 22, 1874 ; Greenbacker. Reed William, farmer ; Sec. 1 ; P. 0. Wallace. Regan Michael, laborer ; P. O. Monroe. Riceborough Chas., farmer ; Seo. 32 ; P. 0. Monroe. Riseborough Matthew, farmer; Sec. 18 ; P. 0. Monroe. Rosecrans B. L., farmer ; Sec. 5 ; P. 0. New Milford. SCHAAD JOHN, farmer ; Sec. 6 ; P. 0. New MUford. Shaegren John. Shard James, farmer ; Sec. 27 ; P. 0. Monroe. Shaw P. J., farm. ; S. 27 ; P. 0. Monroe. Shott Charles, farmer; Sec 15 ; P. 0. Monroe. Shott Michael, farmer; Sec 15; P. 0. Monroe. Smith Lewis, Collector ; Sec. 27 ; P. 0. Monroe. Smith Preston, far.; S. 28 ; P. 0. Monroe. Somers G. P., farmer; Seo. 34; P. 0. Lindenwood. Spring Charles B., farmer; Sec. 32 ; P.O. Lindenwood. Spring Prank W., teacher ; Sec. 32 ; P. 0. Lindenwood. Spring WiUiam H., farmer; Sec 32; P. 0. Lindenwood. Storz Augustus, farmer ; P. 0. Monroe. Storz Charles, farmer ; P. 0. Monroe. Storz P., farmer ; P, 0. Monroe. Stuckey John, farmer ; Sec. 36 ; P. 0. Wallace. Sweeney Chas., farmer ; Sec. 13 ; P. 0. Wallace. Sweeney Geo. W., farmer ; Sec 13 ; P. 0. Wallace. Sweeney J. R. , farmer ; Sec. 10; P. 0. Monroe. Sweeney John P., farmer ; P. 0. Wallace. Sweeney John L., farmer; Sec 10 ; P. 0. Monroe. Sweeney Joseph, farmer ; Sec. 10 ; P. 0. Monroe. Sweeney Thos. W., farmer ; Sec 13 ; P. O. Wallace. SWEET RILEY, Parmer ; Sec 33 ; P. 0. Monroe Center; owns 125 acres of land worth $7,000 ; was born in Harpersfield, Ashtabula Co., 0., Sept. 9, 1824; a son of Ara and Polly Ellis Sweet ; his father was born in Hartford, Conn., his mother in Deleiyare Co., N. Y., and are both now living in Nebraska; came to Roscoe, Winnebago Co., April 30, 1848, came here in the FaU of 1864 ; he was married in Ohio, March 26, 1846; to Miss Mary Hickok, who was born Nov. 10, 1828, in Harpersfield, 0., a daughter of Ambrose and Hannah Mosher Hickok, both of whom died in 0., father in 1852, and mother in 1862 ; the father was a native of Conn. ; the mother of Delaware Co., N. Y. ; have two children — Lenora E., born Nov. 19, 1849, and Hattie P., born Oct 1, 1865; Lenora E. was married Sept. 24, 1867, to Eugene S. Bennett, son of W. W. Bennett, and they are now living in Iowa. TAGGART J. R. harnessmaker; Mon roe. Thompson Wm. B. farmer; Sec. 18; P. 0. Monroe. Travelute John, farmer ; Sec. 26 ; P. 0. Monroe. TraxeU Edwin Y. farmer ; Sec 5 ; P. 0. New Milford. \ 806 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY : TURLEY JAMES, Hotel Keeper; keeps the Monroe House ; good barn in connection with house ; was born Sept. 15, 1846, in BuUviUe, Orange Co., N. Y., son of Michael and Ann Watson Turley, who are now living in Winne bago Co.; married Nov. 21, 1869, to Anna Blackman, daughter of Allen and Margaret Corbet Blackman, who was born May 10, 1846, in North Pembroke, Genesee Co., N. Y.; her parents now live in Fremont, Steuben Co., Ind.; came from New York to Illinois in 1855 ; they went to Nebraska in March, 1872, and returned in September, 1875 ; they have had no chUdren ; Independent in politics and religion. Tyler Frank, farmer ; Sec. 4 ; P. 0. Monroe. TYLER HORACE C. Liveryman; residence Pacific st, Monroe ; born May 3, 1838, in Saybrook, Ashtabula Co., d., son of Asa Tyler ; married Dec. 23, 1859, in Monroe, to Abbie M. Piper, who was born Feb. 26, 1841, in West Liberty, Logan Co., 0., daughter of Dr. Philip Piper and Matilda Knapp Piper ; Dr. Piper is now living in Oregon, Ogle Co.; have had seven children — Harry B., born May 21, 1862, and died Oct 17, 1864 ; Blja Ibera, born March 13, 1864; Cora BeUa, born Jan. 17, 1866 ; Bertie Albert, Feb. 12, 1868; Rosa Mabel, born January 12, 1870 ; Blanch Zera, born AprU 18,1872; Horace Prank, March 18, 1875 ; come to this county Aug. 31, 1852 ; religion. Union Chris tian ; in politics is Greenback-Democrat ; formerly engaged in farming, three quar ters of a mUe south of the vUlage ; he moved into the vUlage in the Fall of 1875. TYLER SILAS D., Farmer ; Sec. 21 ; P. 0. Monroe-; born Aug. 1, 1835, in Lawrence, St. Lawrence Co., N. Y. ; married Nov. 17, 1861, in Monroe, to Prancinia Blackman, who was born Mar. 31, 1842, in Pembroke, Genesee Co., N. Y. ; daughter of Walter and Esther Ward Blackman, both now liv ing here; have five children — Charlie C., WiUie B., Adda, Fred. W. and Esther May ; came to Ogle County in June, 1854 ; have 160 acres of land worth $12,000 ; Independent in religion ; politics. Greenback Democrat. His father, Asa Tyler, now living with him, was born in Piermont, N. H., Sept. 14, 1794, and was a son of Joseph and Esther Ladd Tyler; he was married Sept 14, 1817, in ParishvUle, St. Law rence Co., N. Y., to Fanny Tupper, a daughter of Silas Tupper, and was born in 1796, in Woodstock, Vt, ; she died Nov. 14, 1871, in Monroe ; came to this county in June, .1854, from Say- brook, Ashtabula Co., 0. ; had seven children — Freeman, Maria, Elmira, Harried, Mary (who died at five years), SUas D. and Horace C. Independent Democrat. TTPSTONE EDWARD, Farmer ; U Sec. 36 ; P. 0. WaUace. VANDBRBURG ABRAM, Parmer; Sec. 8 ; P. O. Monroe. Voght John, farm. ; S. 2 ; P. 0. Monroe. WALKER WARREN, Farmer; Sec 12 ; P. 0. Wallace. WARREN ARCHIBALD H, Farmer ; Sec. 32 ; P. 0. Lindenwood ; born Nov. 10, 1825, in Hartford, Wash ington Co., N. Y. ; son of Barton and Sarah Clark Warren, both of whom are now dead ; A. H. Warren was mar ried Nov. 28, 1849, in Hartford, to Miss Jane C. Bump, who was born March 3, 1828, in Hartford, N. Y., and was a daughter of Jacob Bump and Tirza Ward Bump ; her mother stiU lives in Hartford, flave had two chU dren ; one, a daughter, now Mary C. Somers, and living near them, who was born Nov. 29, 1854; and one son, George B., who was born Dec. 18, 1856, and who died July 28, 1877, very dearly beloved by aU; came to the county March 1, 1865 ; religion, Independent ; politics, Independent ; owns 172J acres of land, valued at $12,000 ; has been Commissioner of Highways. Watson John, laborer, Monroe. Waugh J. W. farmer ; Sec. 8 ; P. 0. Monroe. Whipple WUliam, farmer ; Sec. 36 ; P. 0. Wallace. Witherstone Frederick, farmer ; Sec. 27 ; P. 0. WaUace. Woodworth WiUard, farmer ; Sec. 35; P. O. Monroe. Wright C. R. farmer ; Sec. 20 ; P. 0. Monroe. TAYLOR TOWNSHIP. 807 WRIGHT HERMAN, Parmer; Sec. 8, P. 0. Monroe ; owns 95 acres of laud, valued at $5,000. He was born AprU 2, 1816, in Pine Plains, Dutchess Co., N. Y., son of AUen and Anna Gif ford Wright. Father died in Dutchess Co. ; mother stUl living in Erie Co., N. Y. Was married Jan. 19, 1839, in Pine Plains, to Julia Ann Bentley, who was born Sept. 10, 1820, in Clinton, Dutchess Co., daughter of Hiram and Hannah Swartout Bentley. Have had seven children — Ann Eliza, Frances Augusta, Jane Amelia, Henry C., Em ily J., Charles H. and Sarah L. Fran ces A., Henry C. and Charles fl. have passed away. Came to Rockford in 1858, from Delaware Co., N. Y., and here in 1860. Republican ; Methodist. Has been Supervisor four years, and Township Treasurer for several years. "XT" ALB L. M. farmer ; P. 0. Monroe. Yager Alfred, farmer ; Sec 28 ; P. 0. Monroe. Yeager Joseph, farmer ; Sec 23 ; P. 0. Monroe. Yocome L. far.; Sec 17 ; P. 0. Monroe. TAYLOK TOWNSHIP. ARNOLD ELISHA, Parmer; Sec 2 ; P. 0. Taylor ; born in St. Lawrence Co., N. Y., in 1812 ; came to this Co. in 1844, and settled on his present estate of 170 acres, valued at $10,500 ; Mr. A. was the first Collector elected after the organization of the town and collected the first tax ; was also Supervisor two years and is prominently known throughout the town and county ; there was but one house between his "home and Franklin when he settled, and at that time carried all his produce to Chicago ; married Asen eth Earl in 1841 ; she was born in Augusta, Ontario, in 1815 ; have four children living — Amelia, Maria, Ellen and Melissa ; lost one child — William, born Sept. 18, 1842; enlisted Aug. 9, 1862, in Co. K, 92d I. S. v., and served until Aug. 16, 1863, when he died at Decherd, Tenn. BACHMAN HARMON, farmer ; Sec 8 ; P. 0. Taylor. Bissell Albert, farmer ; S. 2 ; P. 0. Tay lor. Bly Isaac, farmer; Sec 11 ; P. 0. Taylor. COLWELL JASON, farmer; Sec. 14 ; P. 0. Taylor. CLEMENS WILLIAM, Farmer ; Sec. 12; P. 0. Taylor; born in Breck enridge Co., Ky., in 1830 ; came to this county in 1848 and settled in Nashua, where he resided twelve years, when he removed to his present estate ; has a farm of 160 acres valued at $8,000 ; served as Constable in the early years of his settlement and is well-known throughout the town and county ; mar ried Harriet Bishop ' in 1850; she was born in Chautauqua Co., N. Y.,inl832, and died in July, 1872 ; have eight chUdren — Henry, Charles, Mary, James, Addie, Ozzy, Franklin and Carrie. Cole Jerry, farm. ; Seo. 14 ; P. 0. Taylor. Coriin Edward, Sec 2 ; P. O. Taylor. TpDMONDS LOVEJOY, P. 0. Taylor. Edmunds Oliver, farm. ; Sec. 2 ; P. 0. Taylor. EARL JOSEPH, Farmer ; Sec. 1 ; P. 0. Taylor ; born in Augusta, Canada, in 1819 ; married Harriett M. Taylor ; she was born in Canada in 1835, and died leaving two children — Orson, Maud Lillie; came to this county in 1848, where he remained until 1849, when he crossed the plains to California, remaining 14 months; retumed in 1851, and settled on his present estate ; owns a farm of 150 acres, value, $9,000 ; is a member of M. E. Church ;' in 1853, he married Sarah Martin, who died in 1871; have four chUdren — Louie, Mary, Hattie and William M. ; lost one child, Sarah, bom Oct. 28, 1859, died in 1860. "TpLOTO L. farmer; S. 7 ; P. 0. Taylor. Floto L. H. farm. ; S. 7 ; P. 0. Taylor. GIFPIN JAMES, farmer. Sec 2 ; P. 0. Taylor. GUbert James, 'farmer. Sec. 14 ; P. 0. Taylor. Gilbert John, far., Sec 14; P. 0. Taylor. 48 808 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY: HAMMONDS EDMUND, Sec 2; P. 0. Taylor. Hanger Jacob, farmer. Sec. 1 ; P. 0. Taylor. Harris Amaziah, farmer. Sec. 10 ; P. 0. Taylor. Hunsdon Edward, farmer. Sec. 15 ; P. 0. Taylor. IRBY fl. B. farmer. Sec. 9; P. 0. Taylor. JOHNSON WM. farmer, Sec. 2 ; P. 0. Taylor. LAW SAM'L, farmer. Sec 10 ; P. 0. Taylor. Ling Henry, farmer, S. 12 ; P. 0. Taylor. MACKAY JOHN, farmer. Sec. 10; P. 0. Taylor. MARCH B. F. Parmer, Sec 3 ; P. 0. Taylor. March John, butter factory. Sec 4 ; P. 0. Taylor. MUls James, physician. Sec 2 ; P. 0. Taylor. Morris John, farmer. Sec. 15 ; P. 0. Taylor. ORNER THOMAS, farmer, Sec 13 ; P. 0. Taylor. RICHARDSON WM. farmer, Sec. 3 ; P. 0. Taylor. ROWLEY SAMUEL, Farmer, S. 32; P. 0. Oregon; bom in Elizabeth Township, Canada West, in 1854 ; came to this county in 1866 ; returned to Canada in 1873, and removed perma nently to this county in 1875 ; own 80 acres of land ; rents 40 acres Rolph F. B. farmer. Sec 12; P. 0. Taylor. SANFORD SAXTON, farmer. Sec. ' 11 ; P. 0. Taylor. Stevens Joseph, farmer. Sec. 2 ; P. 0. Taylor. Stewart John, farmer ; S. 4; P. 0. Taylor. Stewart Oliver, farmer ; S. 4 ; P.O. Taylor, Stewart Wm. farmer ; S. 16 ; P.O. Taylor. TEAL MANLY, Farmer ; Sec 10 ; P. 0. Taylor. Thompson James, farmer; Sec. 11 ; P. 0. Taylor. Thompson James, farmer ; Sec. 2 ; P. 0. Taylor. Trostie Levi, farmer ; S. 3 ; P.O. Taylor. YANCE HENRY, Farmer ; Sec 16; P. 0. Taylor. VANCE JOHN, Farmer; Sec 15 ; P. 0. Taylor ; born in Canada in 1848, and came to this county with his father, Henry Vance, who died Aug. 8, 1876 ; he left eight children — William, Henry, Eliza, Mary, John, James, George and Elmer ; owns the estate of 80 acres ; his mother is still living at Rochelle, aged 68 years. WARD ENOCH, Farmer; Sec. 13; P. 0. Taylor. Wingate Jacob, farmer ; Sec. 11; P. 0. Taylor. GRAND DETOUR TOWNSHIP. A LSIP JOHN, Grand Detour. Andrus Leonard, merchant; Grand De tour. ANDRUS WILLIAM C. Parmer ; Grand Detour; was born Nov. 28, 1850, at Grand Detour; Mr. A.'s father was born in ComwalJ, Vt., in 1803 ; married Miss Sarah Bosworth June 3, 1838 ; she was born June 27, 1819, in Windsor Co., Vt., died Oct 29, 1858 ; came to this county in 1838 ; he was in the Legislature and Super visor several years, and nearly all qf the offices; Mr. Wm. Andrus' grandfather and mother, Mr. and Mrs. Bosworth are of the oldest settlers ; Mr. B. was born Dec. 17, 1790, died Sept 8, 1840 ; Mrs. B. was born Feb. 4, 1796, who is still living; they had six chUdren — Susan, born AprU 9, 1823, died Oct. 16, 1877; Diantha E., born July 3, 1827, died Jan. 12, 1845 ; Amos A., born AprU 12, 1831, died AprU 23, 1862 ; Jonnah P., born Feb. 14, 1826 ; Mr. Andrus had one sister (deceased) Caroline, born Dec 7, 1842, died Aug. 23, 1851 ; and one brother, Leonard, born Nov. 10, 1853 ; Mr. Andrus was Lieut. Col. in the 34th I. V. I. BBAB NICHOLAS, laborer; Sec. 31 ; P. 0. Grand Delour. Baker Geo. W. painter ; Grand Detour. Beebe James E. blacksmith ; Grand Detour. GRAND DETOUR TOWNSHIP. 809 Black J. R. farmer ; Sec. 1. Blanchard Haickley, laborer; Grand De tour. Brown Jno. S. Grand Detour. Bovey Jno. J. P. 0. Woosung. Bovey Samuel, farmer ; P. 0. Woosung. Boyle John, carpet weaver ; Grand De tour. Bush Chas. laborer ; Grand Detour. CARTER JAMBS, laborer; P. 0. Grand Detour. Castaline flenry, blacks'ith ; Grand Detour. Chamberlin, Cyrus, P. 0. Grand Detour. Cool John, farmer ; Sec. 31 ; P. 0. Grand Detour. Cox W. fl. farm.; Sec. 31 ; P. 0. Grand Detour. CREED JAMES, Farmer ;_ Sec. 3 ; P. 0. Grand Detour ; was born in Mass achusetts ; eame to this county in 1851 ; married Miss Delia Eagen in 1852 ; have had ten children (one deceased) — George B., born Feb. 3, 1863; died March 5, 1877 ; Dennis, born Feb. 14, 1857; Mary A., Oct 19, 1858; Nora, Dec 27, 1859; Lizzie I., April 29, 1861 ; Katie M., Feb. 3, 1863 ; Nellie G., Oct 17, 1864 ; Celia M., Dec. 26, 1866; James R., July 16, 1868; Jen nie, Jan. 7, 1872. Mr. C. owns 89 acres of land, valued at $3,500 ; School Director three years ; Mr. C. and wife are members of the Catholic Church. Cashing D. S. painter ; Grand Detour. Cunningham Joseph. DEVLIN JAMES, farmer; P. 0. Grand Detour. DAVIS UIARVIN B. Farmer ; Sec. 31 ; P. 0. Grand Detour ; born in Del aware Co., N. Y., Nov, 1, 1845 ; came to this county in 1855 ; married Miss Hellen Cooper May 16, 1869 ; she was horn in this county Nov. 16, 1849 ; they have had three children (one deceased) — George N., born June 26, 1875 ; died April 21, 1876 ; two living— Carrie E., born May 23, 1873 ; Artemas B., born March 27, 1877. Mr. Davis' father. Nelson, was born Sept. 9, 1817 ; mar ried his wife Elizabeth July 14, 1843 ; came to this county in 1855 ; they had five chUdren — Lyman 0., born March 15, 1853; died Sept 27, 1853; Sarah 0., born Nov. 30, 1847 ; Jacob E., Aug. 27, 1857 ; Nicholas W., Nov. 19, 1861, and Mar-vin. DANA MRS. ALAN A, Farmer; Sec. 4 ; P. 0. Grand Detour ; was born in N. Y. ; came to IU. Feb. 18, 1848; married George C. Dana, June, 1850 ; he was born Nov. 25, 1*799, died Dec. 22, 1861 ; had four chUdren— Alice M., born March 15, 1851 ; Mary A., Aug. 22, 1853 ; Jennie L., March 15, 1855; George, AprU 15, 1857; Mrs. Dana married her second husband, Horace W. Dana, July 4, 1862 ; born Sept. 4, 1801, died AprU 28, 1870; had one child — Horace W. Dana, born Dec. 25, 1863 ; was School Director several years ; Mr. George C. Dana owned and run saw., grist and carding-mill and dressed cloth ware ; property valued at $35,000 ; William G. Dana was born AprU, 1811, and was one of the first settlers of Grand Detour. Drew Thomas, P. 0. Woosung. Dudley H. C. carpenter ; Grand Detour. EARL SAMUEL W. farmer ; P. 0. Grand Detour. England W. P. laborer ; Grand Detour. Engle George W. farmer ; P. 0 Woosung. Erwin Joseph T. laborer; Grand Detour. FALKENDOR JOHN, farmer ; P. 0. Grand Detour. Pine John L. carpenter ; Grand Detour. Fish Josephus, carpenter ; Grand Detour. Fletcher Solomon, laborer; Grand Detour. Flick Harry, carpenter ; Grand Detour. Fox George, peddler; P. 0. Grand Detour. Poxley John, farm. ; P. 0. Grand Detour. French Zachariah, farmer ; Sec. 31 ; P. 0. Grand Detour. f^ ANTZ EMANUEL, farmer : Sec 5; IjT P. 0. Woosung. GATES EMERY T. Parmer; Sec. 1 ; P. 0. Grand Detour ; was born in Windom County, Vt., and came to this county, Oct, 1838 ; married Miss Caro line M. Talmer, Sept. 1, 1839, born in St Lawrence Co., N. Y., Oct. 8, 1812 ; have raised two children by adoption — Mary E., born Nov. 5, 1841, died July 13, 1860 ; Byron Taylor, born in 1845; living in Iowa ; enlisted in the late war from 1861 untU the close ; Mr. Gates and wife were members of the F. W. Baptist Church, until it disbanded ; was Church Clerk about ten years ; at pres ent are members of Methodist Church; Mr. Gates came from Vermont in his own team, with twelve passengers ; they 810 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY : suffered many hardships ; Col. Bosworth was one of the party, and also his parents. Gantz Samuel M. farmer ; Sec 5 ; P. 0. Woosung. Gull John, laborer ; Grand Detour. HANNA JOSEPH H. farmer; P. 0. Grand Detour. Hatch Andrew. HAW KEN WILLIAM, Perry Master ; P. 0. Grand Detour ; was born in CornwaU, England, May 7, 1847 ; he came to this county Ausmst 17, 1870, and married Miss Millie Cool, March 26, 1874 ; she was born Feb. 13, 1856; have had two children — Henry, b6m Nov. 26, 1874, died August 13, 1875; WiUiam L., born Aug. 24, 1877 ; Mr. H. has one brother and sister living in this country; Mrs. H.'s father was born Jan. 20, 1830 ; married Miss Clara Mc Pherson, May 1,1854 ; had six chUdren — Ulysses G., born May 3, 1865, died Dec 27, 1865 ; Mary A., born March 16, 1858 ; Charles M., born Feb. 7, 1868 ; Robert P., born Dec. 25, 1869 ; WiUiam W., born Oct 27, 1870. HEMENWAY FRANCIS, Farmer ; Seo. 1 ; P.O. Grand Detour ; born in Shoreham, Addition Co., Vt., May 14, 1819 ; came to this county 1853 ; Mr. Hemenway's father, Francis S., born in Grafton, Mass., Jan. 23, 1784, died March 20, 1827 ; married Miss Clara Turrill ; she was born Aug. 31, 1786, died Nov. 17, 1864; they had six children — one died in infancy ; Asa, born July 6, 1810, now living in St. Paul, Minn.; Anna T., born Aug. 4, 1812; Luke E., Aug. 7, 1816; Pran ces Martha, April 25, 1821 ; Luke was in the late war, one of the hundred day men ; was Captain of a company from Moline, Rock Island Co. ; Mr. Francis H. was School Teacher from the age of 19, three-quarters of his past life ; he was School Trustee for 60 years. Super visor one term ; Mr. H. and sister are members of the Congregationalist Ch'ch, and Mrs. H.'s father was Deacon for 30 years ; Mr. H.'s oldest brother, Asa, and Annie, were Missionaries at Siam about ten years. Henimen P., laborer, Grand Detour. Hughes John. ISUBERG EPHRIAM, mason. Grand. Detour. JONES CHARLES, laborer; Grand Detour. JOHNSON CHARLES W. Parmer ; Sec. 2 ; P.O. Grand Detour ; was born in Jefferson Co., West Vir ginia, May 27, 1845 ; came to this county Oct., 1846 ; married Miss Savilla M. Bovey Dec 29, 1868 ; born in this county March 5, 1850 ; have had five children (one deceased) — Clarence B., bom Dec 13, 1869, died Dec. 19, 1869; Bertha 0., born Nov. 18, 1870 ; MUlie J., born Jan. 21, 1873; Francis M., born Jan. 22, 1875 ; Etta M., born Dec. 4, 1876 ; has been Town Collector one term, Justice ofthe Peace two terms. School Director one term ; Mr. and Mrs. Johnson, are members of the Christian Church ; Mr. J. is a member of the State Grange and Subordinate Grange, and has been Master nearly all the time of its existence ; Mr. J. was in the late war, in Co. I, 140th I. V. I., mustered in April, 1864, mustered out Oct. 1864 ; Mr. J. has not been in good health since. Jones William, farmer ; Sec. 22 ; P. 0. Grand Detour. Joselyn Charles L. P. 0. Grand Detour . LEACH MORRIS, farmer ; P. 0. Grand Detour. Lawver Andrew J. P. 0. Grand Detour. Lawver Henry, farmer ; P. 0. Grand De tour. McGARVIE ISAAC L. laborer ; Grand Detour. MERRILL LYMAN, Farmer; Sec. 12; P.O. Grand Detom- ; was born in Bradford, Pa. ; came to this connry in 1830 ; married Miss Martha 0. Bates Nov. 14, 1853 ; born Jan. 20, 1824. Have three children — Ida P., born Aug. 18, 1854 ; Edith M., born Nov. 28, 1857 ; Martha S., born Oct 26, 1863. Mr. M. owns 160 acres of land and 33 town lots, valued at $15,- 000 ; was School Director ; Mr. Merrill carried on the grocery trade for six years. From that he went to farming. Meca Hugh, laborer, Dixon. Meyers William E. laborer. Grand De tour. Miller Sanford, school teacher ; Grand Detour. Mon Henry R. teamster ; Grand Detour. Morrey Alfred, plow maker ; Grand De tour. GRAND DETOUR TOWNSHIP. 811 Mumma Elias, farmer ; Grand Detour. Magle Pierce, laborer ; Grand Detour. ¦XXICODEMUS ALBERT D. OWEN SAMUEL, teamster; Grand Detour. PACKARD OSCAR L. feamer ; Sec. 13; P. 0. Grand Detour. Page Thomas S. PALMER GEORGE W. Farm er ; Sec. 31 ; P. 0. Grand Detour ; was born Nov. 7, 1842, in Pine Creek, this county ; married Miss Nancy Mum ma Aug. 18, 1868 -, have three children' — VinnaD., born June 2,1869; Amos L. Nov. 16, 1871 ; William I., June 12, 1875 ; Commissioner of Highways three years ; Mr. Palmer was in the late war from 1864 untU the close of the war, in the 34th I. V. I ; fought in the battle of Black River and all after ; Mr. Palmer is charitable to all. Parks M. T. Preacher ; Grand Detour. PANKHURST JAMES, Physi cian and Surgeon; born Jan. 18, 1845, in Sussex Co., England ; married Miss Effie G. Pike Nov. 20, 1873 ; she was born in Somerset, Pa., Sept. 18, 1855 ; have one child — Bessie C, born July 26, 1875 ; Mr. P. has practiced medi cine about ten years ; he attended col lege in Ann Arbor, Mich., and Rush Medical College, Chicago ; went to Pa., and lived about six months, and then came to Grand Detour in the Pall of 1850 ; then went to Iowa in 1851, and returned to this county in 1852 ; Mr. P. has had good success ; Mr. P. was in the late war in the 69th I. V. I. Pankhurst John, shoemaker ; Grand De tour. Porter Horace G. farmer ; Sec. 22 ; P. 0. Grand Detour. Prindiville John. >OTHBOLL C. M. E' ROGERS JAMES, Postmaster; Grand Detour; born April 3, 1819, in Dorsetshire, Eng. ; came to this country in June, 1847 ; landed in Chicago ; re mained until Aug. 12, 1849, and worked in a wholesale and retail boot and shoe . store on Lake street ; he came to Grand De tour Aug. 12,1849; married Miss Jane Morey, July 22, 1841 ; she was born in Stallbridge, Eng., Aug. 8, 1819, died Feb. 20, 1854; Mr. R. had five chUdren (two deceased) — George M., born Aug, 7, 1842, died Oct. 8, 1842 ; John G., born Dec. 6, 1852, died July 22, 1853 ; living, William M., born Sept 13, 1844 ; Sarah H., Feb. 19, 1848; Rhoda R., June 30, 1850; Mr. Rogers' second wife was Mrs. Ellen F. Bosworth ; mar ried July 3, 1873 ; born Oct 22, 1833 ; have two children — Laura A., born Oct, 10, 1874 ; Gratia, Aug. 1, 1876 ; Mr. Rogers has been Justice of the Peace, Town Clerk, School Director and held other town offices for several years. O ADLER WM. H. SAWYER CYRUS D. Carpenter; P. 0. Grand Detour ; was born in High- gate, Franklin Co., Vt, Aug. 23, 1814 ; came to Kane Co., Sept. 20, 1844; lived there until June 13, 1845, when he came lo this Co. ; mairied Mirah B. Palmer Dec. 26, 1842 ; she died AprU 18, 1849 ; Mr. iSawyer married his sec ond wife, Mrs. Esther G. Eddy, July 30, 185-, who was formerly Miss Esther Gould, born March 10, 1811 ; came to this Co. Nov. 4, 1836. Mr. Sawyer has been Town Clerk from 1856 to 1865, and Town Assessor at the same time, and also, for the last four years; School Director twelve years ; Mr. and Mrs. S. are members of the Church ; he has been Deacon several years ; they are also Life Members of the Ogle County Bible Society; and also of the American. SHEFFIELD AMOS A. Parmer; Sec. 14 ; P. 0. Grand Detour ; bom in Stonington, Conn., Sept. 15, 1825; came to this Co. Nov., 1861 ; married Miss Elizabeth Scoafield ; born March 5, 1833, in N. Y. ; had five children — Wm. E., born Oc.. 25, 1854 ; May U., born Jan. 28, 1861 ; Charies A., born Oct. 15. 1862 ; Mark S., born Oct. 1, 1868 ; Amos H., born May 16, 1873 ; owns 617 acres land, valued at $10,500 ; has been Commissioner of Highways and School Director several years, and Constable three years. Smice George. Smice Peter, farmer ; P. 0. Grand Detour. Stalton Samuel A. teamster; Grand De tour. Steele Charles W. Stonebum A. J. cooper ; Grand Detour. 812 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY: Stauffer Jacob, farmer; Sec. 4; P. 0. Woosung. STURDIVANT NATHAN R., Farmer ; Sec. 14 ; P. 0. Grand Detour; born AprU 23, 1816, in Fairfield, Vt ; came to this State in 1857, and to this county in 1866 ; married Miss Harriet C. Todd Sept. 15, 1862; she was born Sept. 3, 1840 ; have three chUdren — Amy S., born Nov. 20, 1863 ; Harriet C, Oct 31, 1865 ; Isabella M., June 11, 1872 ; owns property valued at $3,000 ; Highway Commissioner two years. Mr. S. and wife are members of the Episco pal Church; Mr. S. was in the hotel business for fifteen years, R. R. conduc tor and in office of general freight for several years. TEETOR ADAM, farmer ; Sec. 22 ; P. 0. Grand Detour. Teetor Jacob B., farmer ; Sec. 22 ; P. 0. Grand Detour. THROOP CHARLES, Merchant; P. 0. Grand Detour ; born Sept. 18, 1809, in Bethel, Windsor Co., Vt.; came to this State in 1835, and this Co. in 1838 ; married Miss Jonnah Bosworth, Dec. 14th. 1845 ; she was bom in Windsor Co., Vt, Feb. 14, 1826 ; have had Robert B., born Sept. 14, 1845 ; Charles P., Jan. 8, 1849; Nellie C, Aug. 28, 1845; Mattie M., Aug. 29. 1864. Mr. Throop has been in the mercantile business for 34 years ; he is also one ofthe oldest continued merchants in the county by a number of years ; commenced in 1843 and has never sus pended and has always paid one hundred cents on the dollar and never has been sued, and is the oldest settler in the vU lage of Grand Detour. Tice PhUlip, farm. ; S. 4 ; P. 0. Woosung. Tutor Jacob, farmer; S. 22; P. 0. Grand Detour. WADSWORTH CHRISTOPHER, farmer ; P. 0. Grand Detour. Warner Lamer. Wermish E. Wiley John D., machinist ; Grand Detour. Wileburne John S., laborer ; Grand Detour. Wood Perry, ferry master ; Grand Detour. Wood Samuel B., far.; S. 13 ; P. 0. Polo. Wragg Wm. H., farmer ; Sec. 6 ; P. 0. Dixon. Young Samuel, farmer ; Sec. 31 ; P. 0. Grand Detour. EAGLE POINT TOWNSHIP. ALBRIGHT JEREMIAH, farmer; Sec 3 ; P. 0. Polo. AUman Ellis, farm hand; Sec 12. Anderson James, Sec. 3 ; P. 0. Polo. Anderson John, farmer ; Sec 3 ; P. 0. Polo. Anderson John, Jr. farmer ; Sec 3 ; P. 0. Polo. Arams Peter, farm.; Sec 23 ; P. 0. Polo. BECK ELIAS, renter ; Sec 1 ; P. 0. Polo. Beck WUUam, farm.; Sec 2 ; P. 0. Polo. Bellows Benjamin, farmer; Sec. 2,4. BeUows John, laborer ; Sec. 26 ; P. 0. Polo. Bellows L. M. farm. ; Sec. 23 ; P. 0. Polo. BELLOWS WESLEY, Farmer; Seo. 25 ; P. 0. Polo ; owns a farm of 190 acres. 110 acres in Sec. 25 and 80 acres in Sec. 24 ; Mr. B. was bom in Middletown, Delaware Co., N. Y., March 5, 1820; came to present location in 1836 ; he married Amanda EUis, Dec. 23, 1852 ; she was born in Middletown, Delaware Co., N. Y.; they have had ten chUdren, lost two ; eight now living ; Mrs. Bellows is a member of the Baptist Church; Mr. BeUows has always been engaged in farming ; he has been School Director, etc Booth William, farmer ; Sec. 3 ; P. 0. Eagle Point. BROOKE WILLIAM, Farmer; Sec. 10 ; P. 0. Eagle Point; owns 132 acres in Sec. 10, 80 acres in Sec 11, 40 acres in Pine Creek Tp. and 20 acres in Elkhorn Grove, Carroll Co.; Mr. B. was born in Allegheny Co , Md., May 20,1824; came to Princeton, Bureau Co., 111., in May, 1834 ; settled near there ; came to Pine Creek Tp., Ogle Co., in May, 1836; in March, 1849, he went overland, with ox teams, to Cali fornia, being six months and thirteen days going there ; remained there untU the Spring of 1853 ; returned to Ogle EAGLE POINT TOWNSHIP. 813 Co. AprU 7, 1853 ; in the Spring of 1854 he removed to Cai'roU Co., where he resided three years ; in the Fall of 1857 he went to Mount Morris, Ogle Co., where he lived until the Spring of 1858, when he engaged in farming in Pine Creek Tp. again ; but in the Spring of 1859 he removed to Jefferson Co., . Kan., where he resided until the Spring of 1863, when he came to Genesee Tp., Whiteside Co., III.; lived there until 1870 when he came to his present loca tion ; Mr. B. married Paulina R. Hea ley, Nov. 4, 1853 ; she was born in Middlebury, Wyoming Co., N. Y., in 1831 ; they have had twelve children, two died in infancy ; the living are — John S., WiUiam H., Charies M., Free- borne D.,Franklio B., Horace, Fred, Jen nie M., Emma and Ella ; Mr. and Mrs. Brooke are members ofthe M.E. Church. Brown Benjamin, farmer and butcher ; S. 14 ; P. 0. Polo. Bush Charles, tenant farmer ; Sec. 3 ; P.O. Eagle Point. Bush Michael, farmer ; Sec. 3 ; P. 0. Eagle Point. CHEESEMAN CHARLES, farmer; Sec 34 ; P. 0. Polo. Chronister Smith, laborer ; Sec. 15 ; P. 0. Eagle Point. COPENHAVER JAUIES, Parm er; Sec 13; P. 0. Polo; owns 191 acres land. Mr. C. was born Dec. 11, 1807, in Greenbrier Co., West Va. In 1836 he moved to Ohio, where he lived untU 1856, and then moved to Iowa, where he lived two years. He then came to tbis State, and settled in Eagle Point Township, in this county, in Sept. 1858. He was married Jan. 8, 1835, to Elizabeth, daughter of James Ochel- tree, of Greenbriar Co., West Va. She was born Nov. 26, 1813. They have five chUdren — NeUie A., born March 16, 1836 ; Eliza J., Jan. 1, 1841 ; Sa rah A., Nov. 9, 1844 ; Robert K., Sept. 18, 1847, and Maggie P., Aug. 8, 1849. They lost five chUdren — WUliam, John, James, Joseph, and Wilson. Mr. C. is a Democrat, and was School Director for two years. Mrs. Copenhaver is a member of the M. E. Church, and her , daughters. Miss Nellie and Sarah, are members of the Church of United Brethren. Copenhaver Robert, farmer ; Sec. 13 ; P.O. Polo. Crary B. T. farmer ; Sec. 10 ; Eagle Point. CURTIS EDMUND, Farmer; S. 1 ; P. 0. Polo ; owns 130 acres of laud, valued at $7,800. fle was born in Rhinebeck, Dutchess Co., N. Y., Feb. 22, 1808 ; moved to Middletown, Dela ware Co., N, Y., in 1826 ; lived there until 1830, when he removed to Tomp kins Co. In 1836, went to Oswego Co., N. Y., and in 1842 came to Ogle Co. ; married Fanny M. Reed June 22, 1830. She was born in Middletown, Delaware Co., N. Y., AprU 7, 1810. They have had five children, lost two— Mary Ade line, born Nov. 6. 1631, died July 23, 1834 ; Fanny A., born Aug. 4, 1838, died July 4, 1849. The living are — Atiee R., bom Feb. 24, 1833 ; Mary E., (widow of Geo. W. P. Waterbury), born May 6, 1836, and Morris E., bom July 10, 1844. Mr. and Mrs C. are members of the Baptist Church. Mr. Curtis served six years as Town ship Commissioner of flighways ; twelve years Township School Commis sioner ; several terms School Director and District Treasurer. Curtis Morris, farmer ; Sec. 1 ; Polo. DAILEY JOHN, blacksmith ; Eagle " Point. Dewald Henry, farm. ; S. 11 ; P. 0. Polo. Donaldson H. E. Sec 12 ; P. 0. Polo. DONALDSON JAMES, Farmer ; Sec. 12 ; P. 0. Polo ; born in Putnam Township, Washington Co., N. Y., Jan. 4, 1821 ; when he was three years of age, his parents moved to Canada West ; they lived there until their removal to Ogle County, May 24, 1839 ; Mr. Don aldson owns 371 acres of land valued at $20,405 ; he married Locada J. Seavey May 31, 1848 ; she was born at Sand wich, N. H., Jan. 8, 1831 ; they have had nine chUdren, lost four — EUzabeth I., died Dec 28, 1864, aged 15 years 8 months and 6 days ; Mary Josephine, died Jan. 11, 1865, aged 13 years 9 months and 12 days ; John James, died Dec. 10, 1864, aged 5 years 7 months and 20 days, and Walter Atwood, died June 16, 1867, aged 14 years 4 months and 8 days ; the living are — Alice Jane, now Mrs. M. P. Stael, born Feb. 10, 1855 ; Emma P., Jan. 27, 1857 ; Wm. 814 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY: J., May 10, 1861 ; Flora Gertrude, Nov. 24, 1864, and Sherman Grant, Oct 29, 1866 ; Mr. Donaldson's father, was WUliam Donaldson ; born in Nor thumberland, England (Scotch paren- tage),in 1795 ; he died Mach 11, 1870 ; Mrs. Donaldson's father, Joshua A. Seavey, (deceased), came to Sugar Grove, Lee Co., in 1840. DONALDSON WM. Sec. 12 ; P. 0. Polo ; owns 480 acres of land valued at $28,800 ; born in Upper Canada, Feb. 28, 1826 ; came to this country in May, 1839 ; married Harriet L. Wilber, Dec. 2, 1852 ; she was born in Delaware Co., N. Y. ; they have had eight sons — Elbert 0., born Jan. 21, 1858 ; he died Jan. 26, 1860 ; the seven now livingare — Wm. B., born Dec 1853; Herbert E., May 25, 1855 ; Frank A., August 25, 1856 ; Fred. P., March 16, 1859 ; Orlando J., Nov 11, 1861; Ellsworth J., AprU 8, 1864, and Guy E., AprU 14, 1872 ; Mr. Donaldson served three terms as Township Supervisor. Donaldson W. B. Sec 12 ; P. 0. Polo. Duffy Edward, farmer; Seo. 10 P. 0. Eagle Point. EDDY GEORGE, farmer ; Sec 13 ; P. 0. Polo. Elsey Henry, carpenter ; Eagle Point. FINKLE G. P. farmer ; Sec. 23 ; P. 0. Polo. GRAEHLING ALEXANDER, Far mer ; Sec. 22 ; P O. Polo. Graehling Henry, farmer ; Sec 22 ; P. 0. Polo. Grant Alexander, farmer ; Sec 22 ; P. 0. Polo. Grayer David. Groff Martin, farm.; Sec. 1 ; P. 0. Polo. Guilleland WiUiam, farmer ; Sec. 13 ; P. 0. Polo. HAWVER ALEXANDER, farmer ; Sec 3 ; P. 0. Polo. Haven Clark, farmer ; S. 23 ; P. 0. Polo. Healey Sullivan, farmer and clergymen; S. 13 ; P. 0. Polo. Healey Wayne J., tenant farmer ; Sec. 13; P. 0. Polo. Herbert James, Sr., farmer; S. 35; P. 0. Polo. Herbert James, Jr., farmer; Sec. 35; P. 0. Polo. Herbert Maurice, Jr., farmer ; Sec. 26 ; P. 0. Polo. Herbert Maurice, Sr., farmer ; Sec. 35 ; P. 0. Polo. Higley Abram, farmer ; Sec. 14 ; P. 0. Polo. HERSCH THOMAS, Parmer; Sec. 25 ; P. 0. Polo ; owns farm of 129 acres; born in Montgomery Co., Penn., May 9, 1827 ; came to Polo in 1868, and removed to present location in 1869 ; Mr. H. was engaged in the hardware business in Polo in 1876 and '77, about one year ; he married Amelia Blanck, Feb. 2, 1851 ; she was born in Mont gomery Co., Penn., May 27, 1830 ; they have had ten children — lost two daugh ters and one son, Ada Amelia, John Jacob and Emma ; the living are — -Edwin B., now living in Kansas ; Mary Ann, Melvin, Orrin, Annie Sophia, Allen, Thomas, Jr. JAMES HENRY, farmer; Sec 34; P. 0. Polo. Johnson D. N., teacher. Eagle Point. Judson C. A., farmer; S. 3 ; P. 0. Eagle Point and Polo. Judson H. M., farmer ; S. 3 ; P. 0. Polo. Judson John, farmer ; Sec. 3 ; P. 0. Polo. Judson Tarsus, farm. ; S. 3 ; P. 0. Polo and Eagle Point. Judson Wm., farmer; S. 3 ; P. 0. Polo. " 7^ NEEDY WILLIAM, farm.; S. 11; . ^ P. O. Eagle Point. ACKEY J. E. K., farm ; S. 1 ; P. 0. I Polo. Landis Jacob, farm. ; Sec. 34 ; P. 0. Polo. Landis John R., lives with father; S. 34; P. 0. Polo. LAWRENCE JOHN, Parmer; S. 1 ; owns 79 acres of land in this Tp.; he was born in the county of Kent, En gland, March 11, 1801 ; came to Amboy, New Jersey, in 1818; went to Phila delphia the same year and lived in that vicinity one year, then removed to Wayne Co., Pa., where he remrinedtwo years, at the expiration of that time he went to Upper Canada and resided there until he emigrated to Ogle Co. (present location), in August, 1838 ; he married Lydia Johnson, Feb. 14, 1828 ; she was born in York Tp., Upper Canada, April 7, 1809 ; they have had seven chUdren, two drughters deceased — Nancy, born Nov. 17, 1828, mai'ried PhUetus Peck, and died at Plattsmouth, Neb., Nov. 20, 1867 ; Catharine (Mrs. M. M. Culver) EAGLE POINT TOWNSHIP. 815 died Nov. 2, 1868, at Lincoln, Neb., she was born July 18, 1837 ; the living are — Susannah, now Mrs. A. Slater, of Jeffer son, Oregon, born April 9, 1831 ; Mary, now Mrs. J. C. Williams, of Eldora, Iowa, born Nov. 26, 1832 ; Jordan, born Nov. 12, 1835 (he married Miss M. A. Laughlin) ; Maria L., now Mrs. Isaac D. Appleford, of Polo, born July, "21; John son, born June 17, 1844, he is unmar ried and lives with his parents, he owns 160 acres of land in Sec. 6, Buffalo Tp.; he served three years in Co. B, 92d 111. Mounted Infantry. Mr. and Mrs. Law rence are members of the M. E. Church. [ Mr. L.'s father, John Lawrence, Sr., came . to Canada in 1836, and came to lUinois with his son in 1838 ; he died in 1859, aged 79 years. Lawrance Johnston, farmer ; Sec 1 ; P. 0. Polo. Light William, lives in Honey Creek near Oregon. Livingston G. W. Justice and farmer ; Sec. 36 ; P. 0. Polo. Livingston J. A. farmer ; Sec. 35 ; P. 0. Polo. Livingston Levi, farmer ; Sec 35 ; P. 0. Polo. McCOOK JOHN, tenant farmer; Sec 1 ; P. 0. Polo. McKeal Dennis, farm. ; S. 24 ; P. 0. Polo. Mathews Charles, farmer and carpenter; Sec 2 ; P. 0. Polo. MUler J. S. ; farm. ; Sec 2 ; P. O. Polo. MUler M. J. farm. ; See. 2 ; P. 0. Polo. . MUler Robert. MILLER WILLIAM H. Farmer ; Sec. 1 ; . P. 0. Polo ; owns 170 acres of land, valued at $11,050 ; born in Hagerstown, Washington Co., Md., May 20, 1815 ; resided in Waynes boro, Franklin Co., Pa., from 1835 to 1867 ; in 1867 he came to Ogle Co., and located where he now resides ; he married Susan Fulton, May 31, 1837. She was born in Pi:anklin Co., Pa., July 20, 1815. They have had twelve chil dren ; four died in infancy ; those now living are William P., Rebecca R., now Mrs. Louis Ditch, Maria Antoinette, Charles A., Martin S., Julia A., now Mrs. John P. Shank, Helen and Morris E. ; Mrs MUler is a member of the Lutheran Church Miller Wm. S.. Sec. 2 ; P. 0. Polo. Moats Ira, farmer ; Sec 13 ; P. 0. Polo. Moats S. R. blacksmith ; Sec. 24 ; P. 0. Polo. Moscrip Robert L. carpenter; Sec. 10 ; P. 0. Eagle Point. MuUenix John, farmer ; Sec. 25 ; P. 0. Polo. MuUenix J. P. far.; Sec. 25 ; P. 0. Polo. IVTICHOLS R. 'B. farmer; Sec. 24; .!> P. 0. Polo. NEWCOMER DANIEL W. Parmer ; Sec 1 ; P. 0. Polo ; owns 160 acres of land, valued at $10,400 ; bom in Antrim Township, Franklin Co., Pa., June 27, 1833 ; came to this county in 1865 ; married Margaret M. Walter Dec. 24, 1862 ; she was born in Wash ington Township, Franklin Co., Pa.; they have had six children, one died in infancy ; the living are John Curtin, Luther W., Mary E., Alice B. and NeUie B.; Mr. Newcomer has been As sessor of Eagle Pt. Township ; he is now serving his third term as Township Supervisor ; he is a member of the Lutheran Church,and his wife is a mem ber of the Church of God. NICHOLS JOHN, Parmer; Sec. 14 ; P. 0. Polo ; owns 120 acres of land; he was born Sept. 3, 1818, in Delaware Co., N. Y., and was married Jan. 19, 1844, to Cristy A., daughter of James and Jane Byers, of the same county ; she was born April 14, 1826 ; they came to Ogle Co., across the country, from New York, by wagon, in 1836, and settled in Eagle Point Township ; in those early days, he did all of his trading at Galena, and often hauled loads of wheat to the Chicago market ; he has six children — Elizabeth J., born March 17, 1845 ; Russell B., Nov. 13, 1848; Nettie, Aug. 31, 1851; Olive, Jan. 11, 1859 ; John and James (twins) born Dec 31, 1861. Mrs. Nichols holds in her own right 40 acres of land, and Russell B. owns 120 acres ; Miss Olive Nichols is a school teacher ; Mr. Nichols is a Republican ; and was Super visor one term ; School Director for about twelve years, and is now serving his second term as Road Commissioner ; he is a member of the Church of United Brethren, and Mrs. Nichols and her daughter Nettie are members of the same church. 816 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY: Nichols RusseU L. farmer ; Sec. 24 ; P. 0. Polo. O'KANE ALEX, farmer; Sec 26; P. 0. Polo. O'Kane Ed. farmer ; Sec 26 ; P. 0. Polo. O'Kane flenry, farmer. Sec 27; P. 0. Polo. O'Kane W. W. farmer. Sec. 26 ; P. 0. Polo. Ohlwine Charles, farmer, Seo. 14 ; P. 0. Polo. Oler Joseph, farmer, Sec. 10 ; P. 0. Eagle Point. PATTERSON DAVID S. farmer and peddler. Sec. 36 ; P. 0. Polo. Patterson W. R. Sec. 36 ; P. 0. Polo. Poole George, farmer. Sec. 14 ; P. 0. Polo.' Pullman Jesse, tenant farmer. Sec 36 ; P. 0. Polo. PuroeU John, farmer. Sec 22; P. 0. Eagle Point. Purcell Joseph, farmer. Sec. 14 ; P. 0. Polo. PurceU T. V. farmer. Sec. 22; P. 0. Eagle Point. QUEST SAMUEL, tenant farmer. Sec. 34 ; P. 0. Polo. Quest WiUiam, tenant farmer, Sec. 34 ; P. 0. Polo. Quest Wm. C. blacksmith. See. 26 ; P. 0. Polo. RECTOR S. V. farmer. Sec. 3 ; P. 0. Eagle Point. Roberts Ira, farmer. Sec. 24 ; P. 0. Polo. Rowand Andrew, farmer, Sec 1 ; P. 0. Polo. Rucker Garrett, farmer ; P. 0. Polo. Rucker Isaiah, farmer. Sec. 24 ; P. 0. Polo. SANFORD BENNETT, farmer. Sec 25 ; P. 0. Polo. Sanford Homer W. farmer. Sec. 25 ; P. 0. Polo. Sanford Sylvester, farmer. Sec 25 ; P. 0. Polo. Sanford WUliam S. farmer. Sec. 25 ; P. 0. Polo. SCHRYVER JESSE A. Farmer,_ Sec. 35 ; P. 0. Polo ; owns a farm of 120 acres ; born in Delaware Co., Del., Dec. 4, 1825 ; came to Ogle County in 1835 ; he married Duleena Jane Liv ingston Oct. 11, 1854 ; she was born in Indiana, July 30, 1837. They have had nine chUdren ; lost one, daughter, Olive ; she was born Nov. 6, 1869, and died Nov. 20, 1870. The living are- Matthew, born Aug. 27, 1855 ; Emily, June 28, 1837 ; Rachel, AprU 18, 1860; Henry Ames, Sept 11,1862; Alice, Dec 21, 1864 ; BUza J., May 4, 1872 ; and Ellen E., Feb. 11, 1876. Mr. S. has held various district offices. His father, Matthew S. Schryver, was one of the early settlers, coming here in 1835 ; he died in December, 1874. Shaver A. H. farmer. Sec. 3 ; P. 0. Polo. Shaver John, Sec 3 ; P. 0. Polo. Shaver, N. N. farmer. Sec. 2 ; P. 0. Polo. Shafer Simoh B. blacksmith, Sec. 23 ; P. 0. Polo. SHAFER WM. H. Farmer, Seo. 23 ; P. 0. Polo ; owns a farm of 80 acres ; born near Delhi, Delaware Co., N. Y., May 5, 1825 ; came to Buffalo Township, this county, in 1836 ; he has lived in this vicinity ever since. He married Mary E. Berger June 29, 1856 ; she was born in Luzerne Co., Pa., Jan. 13, 1838. They have had eight chU dren, lost two — Harry and WUliam Walter; they both died when they were quite young. The living are — Horace Porter, Adah Junette, Louisa Jane Ann, Eva May, Cora Belle, and IraB. Shaver Zenus, laborer. Sec 2 ; P. 0. Polo. Shank John, tenant farmer ; Sec. 1 ; P. 0. Polo. Shoemaker Harvey, farmer; Sec. 15; P. 0. Eagle Point. Shoemaker J. N. farmer ; Sec. 15 ; P. 0. Eagle Point. Shoup Samuel, farm hand ; Sec. 22 ; P. 0. Polo. Smith B. V. renter; Sec 12 ; P. 0. Polo. Smith Wm. teacher ; Sec 12 ; P. 0. Polo. Spencer A. B. farmer ; Sec. 10 ; P. 0. Eagle Point. Spencer Isaac, farmer ; Sec. 10 ; P. 0. Eagle Point. Stewart I. N. fariier ; Sec. 3 ; P. 0. Eagle Point. Stewart J. W. farmer ; Sec. 3 ; P. 0. Eagle Point. Strawl M. P. tenant farmer ; Sec 12 ; P. 0. Polo. Strock Abram T. Sec. 1 ; P. 0. Polo. Strock Henry L. teacher and carpenter ; Sec 1 ; P. 0. Polo. Strock Jacob E. Sec. 1 ; P. 0. Polo. EAGLE POINT TOWNSHIP. 817 STROCK JOHN, Farmer; Sec. 1; P. 0. Polo ; owns 97 acres of land, valued at $6,205 ; born in South Wood bury, Bedford Co., Pa., Aug. 27, 1839 ; he has been engaged in farming for him self since 1861 ; he has been Overseer of Highways and School Director. STROCK JACOB, Parmer; Sec. 1 ; P. 0. Polo ; owns 231 acres of land, valued at $l7,325 ; born in Guilford Tp., Lebanon Co., Pa., July 9, 1806 ; came to Ogle Co., where he is now located, in 1854 ; married Catharine Longnecker ; she was born in South Woodbury, Bedford Co., Pa. ; they have had ten children ; one died in infancy ; the living are — Sabina, Henry L., John, David (he served three years in Co. E, 92d 111. Mounted Infantry), Nancy C, Sue L., Abram T. (he served seven months in the 7th III. Cavalry), Libbie M. and Jacob B. Mr. Strock is a member of the German Reformed Church ; his wife is a member of the Baptist Church. Sweet James, tenant farmer ; Sec. 26 ; P. 0. Polo. TAVENNBR JOSEPH, Farmer ; Sec. 23 ; P. 0. Polo. Taylnr E. A. laborer ; Eagle Point. Taylor J. K. mechanic and laborer ; Eagle Point. WATERBURRY E. B. farmer; Sec 2 ; P. 0. Polo. Webster Jarad, grocer ; Eagle Point. Woodin Hiram, farmer; Sec 15; P. 0. Eagle Point. WOODRUFF NEWTON Sr. Farmer and Stock Raiser; Sec. 10 ; P. 0. Eagle Point ; born in New Marlbor ough, Berkshire Co., Mass., Jan. 9. 1819; parents removed to Hudson, N. Y., when he was about 11 years of age ; lived there one year ; then weiit to Tio ga Co., N. Y., where he resided until May 3, 1839, when he started, accom panied by two other men, with two horses and a covered wagon, for Illinois ; arrived at Elkhorn Grove June 10, 1839 ; worked in this vicinity by the month until 1840, when he returned to Tioga Co., N. Y., and assisted in remov ing his father and family to this county the same year ; Mr. Woodruff married M. Maria Hacker May 29, 1845 ; she was born in England Feb. 27, 1822 ; they have seven children — Sarah M., now Mrs. Joseph C. Lockhart, born March 13, 1846 ; Carrie S., now Mrs. J. P. Landon, born May 13, 1849; Newton, Jr., born AprU 11, 1851 ; Isaac T., bom April 8, 1853; Seward H., born Jan. 22, 1856 ; Medard, born July 16, 1859, and Earnest, born May 7, 1864 ; Mr. Woodruff has been Justice of the Peace, and has held various dis trict offices ; he and his wife are mem bers of the Presbyterian Church ; his father, Thomas Woodruff, was born in New Marlborough, Mass. ; he died Sept. 18, 1848, aged 56 years; he married Silence Sheldon ; she was born in same place as her husband ; she died April 28, 1877, aged 81 years, 4 months and 14 days ; Mrs. Newton Woodruff's par ents came from England to Prince Ed ward's Island in 1829 ; they lived there untU 1834, when they removed to PhUadelphia ; resided there until May 1, when they started with teams for Illinois ; arrived at Elkhorn Grove July 4, 1838 ; her father, Thos. Hacker, married Maria Northey ; they were born in England ; Mr. Hacker died May 9, 1854, aged 76 years, and his wife died Jan. 9, 1864, at tUe age of 83 years. Woolcott J. C. farmer ; S. 25 ; P.O. Polo. WORDEN THOMAS, Parmer; Sec. 22 ; P. 0. Polo ; owns farm of 200 acres, 120 acres in Sec. 23 and 80 acres in Sec 22 ; Mr. W. was born in Bovina, Delaware Co., N. Y., May 10, 1804; came to Pine Creek, Ogle Co., in 1836 ; came to present location in 1838 ; he married Maria J. Nichols, Oct. 23, 1828 ; she was born in Andes, Delaware Co., N. Y., April 5, 1810 ; _ they have had twelve children, all living now— Ira B., born Feb. 15, 1830, now in the Black fliUs; WiUiam, born AprU 7, 1832, now resides at Trier, Iowa; Henry, born May 28, 1834, resides in this township; Jane EUzabeth (now Mrs. Geo. Wamsley), born March 12, 1836 ; she resides near Marion, Linn Co., Iowa; John N., born AprU 3, 1840 ; he served in Co. B, 8th Illinois Cavalry during the late rebeUion ; now lives in Grundy Center, Iowa ; MUton H., born Jan. 13, 1842 ; he lives near Union, Hardin Co., Iowa; Ann T. (now Mrs. Geo. PettingUl, of Idaho), was 818 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY : bom July 12, 1844; Syke, born Oct 22, 1846, is a merchant in Johnson Co., Oregon ; he was U. S. Indian Agent there seven years ; Mayhew was born Aug. 27, 1848; he resides in Idaho; Wayne C. was born Jan. 15, 1852 ; he lives with his parents ; Harriet B., born May 1, 1855 ; Newton B., born Nov. 11, 1856; Ulysses G., born Sept 29, 1863 ; Mr. and Mrs. Worden are mem bers of the United Brethren Church. Woolcott George, farmer ; Sec. 25 ; P. 0. Polo. Worden Henry, farmer ; Sec 34 ; P. 0. Polo. Worden Wayne, Sec. 22 ; P. 0. Polo. y UGENPESS HENRY. PINE CREEK TOWNSHIP. ADAMS JACOB, farmer ; Sec. 33 ; P. 0. Dixon. Adams John, farmer; Sec. 33 ; P. 0. Polo. Alsup John, laborer ; P. 0. Polo. Alter David, farmer ; Sec 7; P. 0. Polo. Ambrose Daniel, farmer ; Sec 31 ; P. 0. Monroe. AMBROSE WILLIAM, Parmer; Sec 5 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris ; born in Morgan, Va., March 15, 1810 ; came to this county April 12, 1846 ; married Mary Wilier AprU 22, 1833 ; she was born in Baltimore, Md., July 3, 1812 ; have had five children — Sarah J., born March 25, 1841, died AprU 6, 1846 ; John W., March 16, 1834, George D., August 29, 1836 ; Mary S., July 25, 1845 ; Eliza V., Feb. 17, 1847; Mr. A. was Justice of the Peace several years ; Steward of the M. B. Church several years, and also School Director; Mr. and Mrs. A. are members of M. B. Church; Mr. A owns 225 acres of land valued at fll,000. Anderson B. T. farmer ; Seo. 36 ; P. 0. Grand Detour. Artz Abraham, farmer ; Sec. 1 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. ARTZ HENRY, Parmer; Sec. 1 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris ; was born in Wash ington Co., Md., Sept. 27, 1814; came to this country in 1839 ; married Miss Maria Punk ; she was born in Washing ton Co., Md.; she died March 27, 1877; had nine children (two deceased) ; those living are — Nancy, Henry H., Susan, Mary J., Abraham, Charles and Lu ther; Mr. Arts owns 205 acres of land in Ogle County, and 80 acres in Iowa ; was Highway Commissioner three terms and School Director several terms. Artz Joseph. Artz Samuel, farmer ; Sec. 9. BAKER ALBERT, farmer ; Sec. 3 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Baker Amos, farmer ; Sec. 3 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Baker Charles W., farmer ; Sec 3 ; P. 0. Mt Morris. Baker Edward, farmer ; Sec. 3 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. BAKER JAMES A. Parmer; Sec. 3 ; P. 0. Mt; Morris ; was bom in , Hampshire Co., Vt, Feb. 9, 1815; came to this county Sept 20, 1839; married Miss Catherine Fleming Oct. 31, 1836 ; she was born in Jefferson Co., Va., Dec 24, 1817; have had eleven children (three deceased) — Clin ton died in August, 1864; Emma died Sept 23, 1865; John died Dec 28, 1866 ; living are Charles W., Joseph T., Susan V., Albert M., Edward P., Amos N., LUlie I., Laura A.; 3Ir. Baker has been Supervisor one term, School Director several terms. Com missioner of Highway two terms, and Pathmaster two terms ; had one son in the late war by the name of Joseph ; Mr. B. owns 500 acres of land, valued at $15,000. Barnhart Jacob, farmer ; Sec. 33 ; P. 0. Polo. Barnhart Peter, farmer ; Sec. 15; P.O. Polo. Barnhizer John, farmer ; Sec. 1 ; P. 0. Oregon. Bear Isaac, farm. ; S. 11 ; P. 0. Oregon. Bear John M., farmer; Sec 11; P. 0. Mt Morris. Beckwith Henry, farmer ; Sec. 12, P. 0. Oregon. Betebenner John. Biddinger George. PINE CREEK TOWNSHIP. 819 Baney, George, farmer ; Sec 2 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Bovey Jacob, farmer ; Seo. 2 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Bovey Peter, farmer ; Sec. 33 ; P. 0. Grand Detour. Bovey Samuel K. farmer ; Sec. 15 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Bovey Victor, farm. ; P. 0. Grand Detour. Bowers Ephraim, farmer ; Sec. — ; P. 0. Polo. Bowman Isaac, farm. ; S. 31 ; P. 0. Polo. Brayton Stephen, farmer ; P. 0. Grand Detour. Brook Thomas, farmer ; Sec. 36 ; Grand Detour. Brown Andrew, farmer ; Sec. 2 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Brown Pery C. farmer ; Sec. 2 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. /CANFIELD E. C. Clark W. M. farm. ; S. 30 ; P. 0. Polo. Clements C. H. laborer. Clevidence George, farmer; Sec. 7; P. 0. Polo. Clive Bennett, farmer ; Sec 18 ; P. 0. Polo. Coffman BUiott, farmer ; S. 5 ; Mt Morris. Coffman George, farmer ; Seo. — ; P. 0. Polo. Coffman William, farmer ; Sec. 6 ; P. 0. Polo. Coddington John, farmer ; Sec 11 ; P. 0. Oregon. Coe Merrett L. laborer. Cooper J. G. cabinet maker ; Sec. 24 ; P. 0. Oregon. Cross A. P. laborer ; Sec 13 ; P. 0. Ore gon. Cumings A. laborer ; Sec. 29 ; P. 0. Polo. DAVIS JOHN, farmer; Sec 19; P. O. Polo. Davis Joseph, farmer, P.O. Mt Morris. DAVIS WILLIAM D. Farmer; Sec. 5 ; P. 0. Polo ; born May 26, 1849, in Washington Co., Md. Came to this county March 23, 1864 ; married Miss Susan Coffman. She was born Nov. 8, 1847 ; have four chUdren — Ver- ine, born April 5, 1872 ; Eddie C, Feb. 17, 1874 ; Merritt P., Nov. 25, 1875 ; Myron, Dec. 4, 1876. Mr. D. has been School Director two terms. Mrs. Davis belongs to the U. B. Church of Pine Creek. Day WUliam, farmer ; Sec. 36 ; P. 0. Grand Detour. Deihl WUliam. Daxler Frederick, farmer , Mt. Morris. Drenner George, farmer ; Sec. '20 . P. 0. Polo. Drenner Jacob, laborer ; Sec. 29 ; P. 0. Polo. ESHBLMAN JOSEPH, carpenter; Sec. 28 ; P. 0. Polo. Everly Theopolis, laborer ; Sec. 29 ; P. 0. Polo. FALDENS THOMAS, farmer ; S. 30 ; P. O. Polo. Falkner David, farmer ; Sec. 24 ; P. 0. Polo. Falkler Mahlon, laborer ; Sec. 17 ; P. 0. Polo. 'FEA VER THOiriAS J. Farmer; See. 1 ; P. 0. Oregon. Was born in Allegany Co., Md., Jan. 15, 1823; married Miss Margaret Dick, Feb. 6, 1849. She was born Dec. 5, 1824, in Washington Co., Md. Has lived in this town thirty-five years ; has had nine chUdren (five deceased), four living — EUen A., LiUie B., Jennie R., William T. Mr. F. was Town Assessor two years ; Highway Commissioner two terms, and Path Master one term ; School Trustee several terms. Both himself and wife belong to the Church of the United Brethren ; has been Trus tee of church thirteen years ; owns 360 acres of land and one house, and twenty lots in Oregon. Fearer William, farmer ; Sec. 10 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Fisher George, laborer. GAMBLE M. W. farmer ; Sec. 13 ; P. 0. Oregon. Gelmix George, blacksmith ; P, 0. Mt. Morris. Goodman Amos, farmer ; Seo. 26 ; P. 0. Grand Detour. Goodrich George, farmer; P. 0. Grand Detour. GrabUl David, farmer ; Sec. 32 ; P. 0. Polo. GrabUl Ephraim, farmer ; Sec. 30 ; P. 0. Polo. GrabiU John, farmer ; Sec. 30 ; P. 0. Polo. Groom George, farmer ; Sec. 8 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Gruin Daniel. Grush Isaac. 820 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY. Grush John, farmer; P. 0. Polo HAINES JOHN C. farmer; Sec 14; P. 0. Oregon. Haines Luther, farmer; Sec. 15; P. 0. Oregon. ' Haines S. B. farm.; S. 14 ; P. 0. Oregon. Hamilton Samuel, laborer ; Sec. 29 ; P. 0. Polo. Hammond Phillip, farm. ; Sec. 16 ; P. 0. Polo. HARRIS INNIST. Parmer; Sec 14 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris ; father was born AprU 25, 1808, in Woodford Co., Ky. ; married Miss Lucy W. Buck Dec. 15, 1842 ; born in Franklin Co., Ky. Oct. 2, 1815 ; died Jan. 22, 1874 ; had six children (four deceased) — George, John, Walter ; living— -Innis, born Sept. 12, 1845 ; Daniel Oct. 7, 1856. Harris John H. Hayes W. H. farmer; P. 0. Polo. Hayes William, farmer ; P. 0. Polo. Hedge S. P. farmer ; Sec. 5 ; P. 0. Polo. Hedger Stephen D. farmer ; Sec. 5 ; P. 0. Polo. Henry John, laborer. Henry Samuel, Polo. Hildebrand Samuel. HOUSEHOLDER ELIAS, Parmer ; Sec. 23 ; P. 0. Oregon ; born in Washington Co., Md., in 1810; came to this county in the Spring of 1837; married Miss Sarah Startzman in 1835 ; ' she was born in Cumberland Co. Oct. 10, 1811 ; Mrs. Householder died Sept. 26, 1877 ; had ten children (six de ceased) — -Josephine, born Dec. 20, 1852, died Jan. 1, 1854 ; John, March 3, 1846; WUliam, Nov. 5, 1843; Louis, Feb. 20, 1848, died Sept 17, 1855; Benjamin, born Nov. 30, 1839, died June 3, 1852; one died in infancy; the living are Luther, born June 25, 1850 ; Peter, Aug. 10, 1835 ; Elizabeth, June 28, 1840; Mary, March 26, 1842 ; William and Louis were struck by lightning at the same time ; Mr. H. is a member of the U. B. Church of Pine Creek. JAMBS JOHN, laborer ; Sec 13; P. 0. Oregon. Johnson H. M. farm.; S. 9 ; P. 0. Polo. Johnson J. B. school teacher ; Polo. Jones Adam, farmer; Sec. 20 ; P. 0. Polo. Jones Isaac, farmer ; Sec 17 ; P. 0. Polo. Jones John, farmer ; Sec. 28 ; P. 0. Polo. KELLY ARTHUR, laborer; Grand Detour. KeUy David, laborer; Polo. Kelly Henry, laborer ; Grand Detour. Kelly Joseph, laborer ; Grand Detour. Kemp Alfred, farmer ; Mt. Morris. Kenady John, farmer ; Polo. T AMPIN MICHAEL, farm.; Oregon. Lapp William, laborer. Leach Joseph. Leggett Austin, painter ; Mt. Morris. Leggett Charles, laborer ; Polo. Lukins Joseph, miller ; Polo. McDANNELL WM. farmer; P. 0. Mt. Morris. MALONE ELIAS, Farmer; Sec. 1 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris ; was born in Washington Co., Md., Sept 6, 1814; came to this Co. June 26, 1849 ; has two sisters living with him — Maria A., born in Washington Co. Nov. 2, 1818, and Sidney Jane, bom in Washington Co. Sept. 16, 1824 ; he has been Su pervisor six terms, ; Commissioner of Highways two terms ; was President of the Farmers' Home Ins. Co. two years ; owns 120 acres of land ; all are members of the Lutheran Church of Mt. Morris ; Mr. M. was Collector two years and Assessor three years. Masales Henry B. farmer ; P. 0. Oregon. Mathias Frederick, farmer; P. 0. Woosung. MATTESON HARLOW L. Parmer ; Sec. 24 ; P. 0. Oregon ; bom in Rensselaer Co., N. Y., Aug. 2, 1840 ; married Miss Margaretta Odell ; she was born in the same Co. May 28, 1839 ; have two chUdren — GUes B., born Sept. 18, 1870 ; one not named, born Jan. 3, 1878 ; Mr. M. has lived in Rockvale, • Oregon, and thence to Pine Creek ; Mr. M. has been Constable several years. School Director and Highway Commis sioner several years ; Mr. M. and wife are members of the M. B. Church of Oregon ; Mr. M.'s mother, Mrs. Tabitha Matteson, was born April 18, 1897, in Rensselaer Co., N. Y., came to this Co. Dec 11, 1868. MeUer George E. farmer. Meinzer Gotleib. Merritt James T. farmer; P. 0. Grand Detour. Middlekauff Josiah, farmer ; P. 0. Oregon. MiUer Charies A. farmer ;. P. 0. Polo. PINE CREEK TOWNSHIP. 821 MILLER DAVID F. Parmer; Sec. 5 ; P. O. Polo ; born in Washington Co., Md., Oct 29, 1813 ; came to this Co. May 25, 1842 ; married Miss Susan Stover, April 12, 1844 ; she was born Feb. 1, 1820 ; had seven chUdren (three deceased) — Daniel S.,born May 2, 1845, died Dec 25, 1869 ; John S., born Aug. 12, 1848, died Aug. 22, 1851 ; David S., born May 1, 1851, died Aug. 28, 1851 ; living — Mary C, born Aug. 15, 1852 ; Annie E., born Jan. 10, 1856 ; George W., born May 27, 1859 ; Chas. H., born Jan. 10, 1863 ; Mr. Miller was Assessor of Pine Creek several years. Justice of the Peace four years. School Director thirty years, Commissioner of Highways and Treasurer of the Board, Secretary and Treasurer of the Farmers' Home Ins. Co. seven years ; has been Treasurer of the Subordinate Grange five years, also Director of the Stock Co. Store in Polo, and also President ; Mr. M. owns 753 acres, valued at $30,500 ; Mr. Miller's daughter, Annie, married Mr. S. D. Hedges, Dec 24, 1873. Miller John A. farmer ; P. O. Polo. MUler John H. farmer; P. 0. Polo. MUler, John M. farm. ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. MUler Vance, harness maker ; Polo. Morrison Abram, farmer ; P. 0. Grand Detour. MuUinger Nicholas, farmer ; P. 0. Oregon. Muma Benjamin, farmer ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Muma D. S. farmer; Sec 2 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Muma Henry C. farm.; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Muma James, farmer ; Sec 1 ; P. 0. Oregon. Muma John, farmer ; Sec. 35 ; P. 0. Grand Detour. Myers John A. farmer ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. NETTS EDWARD A. farmer; P. 0. Grand Detour. Netts flenry, farmer ; P. 0. Polo. Newel Benjamin P. farmer; P. 0. Grand Detour. Newel WUliam, farmer; P. 0. Grand Detour. Newcomer Abner, farmer; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Newcomer Peter W. farmer ; P. 0. Grand Detour. Newcomer Stephen, carpenter ; Polo. Newcomer Zachariah, farm.; P. 0. Polo. Niman Samuel, farmer ; P. 0. Polo. OVER LEVI, farmer ; P. 0. Grand Detour. PALMER CHARLES F. farmer ; P. 0. Grand Detour. Palmer Irvine, farmer ; P. 0. Grand Detour. Paul John W. farmer ; P. 0. Grand Detour. Perrine Aaron, farmer ; P. 0. Polo. PERRINE JOHN, Parmer; Seo. 28 ; P. 0. Polo ; born in WUliamsburg Co., 0.; came to this Co. June 23, 1836 ; married Miss Rachel Whittaker ; she was born in Washington Co., Va., March 17, 1817; she died Jan. 28, 1844 ; had four children — Nathan E., born Sept. 6, 1840 ; Annie E., born May 30, 1842 ; Mary E., born Feb. 21, 1839 ; died Nov. 1, 1839 ; Aaron L., born Jan. 8, 1844; Mr. P.'s second wife was Mrs. Morgan Pearre ; married Feb. 13, 1844 ; they had ten children, one deceased, Laura A., born Nov. 20, 1844 ; died Sept. 3, 1845 ; the liv ing are — Matilda P., born Feb. 18, 1846; Thomas J., born March 14, 1848; Holly R., born Jan. 1, 1850; Thaddeus D., born Dec 28, 1851; Julia A., born Sept. 14, 1853 ; EmUy K., born March 8, 1856; George W., born Nov. 20, 1858 ; Charles L., born Nov. 22, 1860 ; Joseph C, born March 30, 1863 ; Mrs. P, died AprUl 5, 1877 ; Mr. Perrine married his third wife, Mrs. Eva A. C. Richards, Aug. 15, 1877 ; was Supervisor two terms and Justice of the Peace sixteen years ; Mr. P. has preached at fourteen engagements in one month, and traveled 130 miles on horse back to meet them ; Mr. Perrine has practiced medicine for the last fifteen years ; he had the yellow fever in 1835, and cured himself and three others. Perrine John K. farmer ; P. 0. Oregon. Petre David, farmer ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Price Clinton B. farmer ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. PRICE DANIEL E. Farmer ; Sec. 2; P. 0. Mt Morris; was born in Franklin, Pa., Sept. 7, 1832 ; came to this county Nov., 1853; married Helen E. Rowland, Nov. 25, 1853 ; she was bom in Jefferson Co., Va., Jan. 11, 1832 ; have had ten children, (two deceased), James Q., Annie M. ; the living are — Franklin J. S., Kate, Charles H., Sarah 822 OGLE COUNTY DIRECTORY : S., Elmer W., Samuel G., Harvey E., and Nannie E. ; Mr. Price was Path Master one term ; he has been Pastor of the German Baptist Church 17 years. PRICE DANIEL G. Parmer; Seo. 13; P. 0. Oregon; was born in Franklin Co., Pa., August 22, 1815 ; came to this county Sept, 1 839 ; mar ried Miss Catharine Miller ; she was born in Baltimore, Md. ; had eight children (four deceased), John, Susan, Charles, and Martha; living are — George, Mary, Annie, David R. ; second wife, Miss Mary B. Muma; she was born in Wash ington Co., Md. ; has six chUdren, (Henry, deceased), living are — Albert, Sarah, Emma, Isaac and Joseph ; has been School Director several terms ; School Treasurer several terms, and Path- master ; owns 350 acres land ; Mr. and Mrs. Price are members of the German Baptist Church; he has also been Deacon for 25 years. Price Daniel R. farmer ; P. P. Oregon. Price John W. farmer ; P. 0. Oregon. PRICE SAMUEL C. Farmer and Manufacturer Wagons and Sleighs ; Sec. 2; P. 0. Mt. Morris; he was bom in Berkeley Co., Va., July 14, 1819; came to this county, Sept., 1839 ; mar ried Miss Sarah Long, Jan. 13, 1848 ; she was born in Washington Co., Md., May 4, 1827 ; had by first wife six chU dren (two deceased), Emma C. and Vernie M ; living — Elizabeth L., born August 19, 1849 ; Mary E., Sept. 12, 1851 ; Clinton B., Nov. 29, 1854 ; Martha J., August 24, 1862 ; hissecond wife was Miss Elizabeth Young ; she was born in Washington Co., Md., Feb 8, 1837; had four chUdren (two deceased), John S. died March 26, 1875 ; Fredie G., April 21, 1875; living— William H. and Benjamin S ; was School Direct or 15 years. Post John P. farmer ; P. 0. Oregon. Powell WUliam W., farmer ; P. 0. Polo. Putnam Chauncy, farmer ; P. 0. Grand Detour. EHORER HENRY, farmer; P. 0. Polo. Rhodes Johnston S. Rizner Lewis P. farmer ; P. 0. Polo. Rowland Aquilla, farm.; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Rowland Benjamin P. farmer ; P. 0. Polo. Rowland Henry E. farmer ; P. 0. Polo. Roland William J. farmer ; P. 0. Oregon, Rudy Theodore, farmer ; P. 0. Polo. Rummonds Joseph, farmer ; P. 0. Polo. Rummonds Timothy, farmer ; P. 0. Polo. SADLER DANIEL B. farmer; P. 0 Oregon. Sadler John, farmer ; P. 0. Oregon. Seyster Henry. Seyster Jonathan E. farmer; P.O.Grand Detour. Shafer John T. farmer ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Shafer Samuel, farmer ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Shank George, farmer ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Shaw Adam, farmer ; P. 0. Oregon. Shaw Amos, farmer ; P. 0. Oregon. Shaw Daniel D. farmer ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Shaw Daniel W. farmer; P. O. Mt. Morris. Shaw John H. farmer ; P. O. Polo. SHAW RICHARD, Farmer; Sec. 4 ; P. 0. Mt. Morris ; born in Mont gomery County, 0., May 4, 1 823 ; came to this county, Sept. 1, 1855 ; married Emeline L. WUson, Feb. 17, 1848 ; she was in Shelby Co., 0., Jan. 1, 1826; have had two children— Hiram T., bom Feb. 5, 1849, in Ohio, died AprU 28, 1869 ; OUver W., AprU 4, 1857 ; Mr. Shaw went to California in 1850, and was engaged in mining until 1855, when he came to this county. ShUdneck Hiram, farmer ; P. 0. Polo. Smice John, farmer ; P. 0. Grand Detour. Smice Nathan, farmer ; P. 0. Grand De tour. Sprague Dewitt C, farmer ; P. 0. Grand Detour. Sprague Justus, farmer ; P. 0. Grand Detour. Solenberger Jacob, farmer ; P. 0. Polo. Solenberger S. W., farmer ; P. 0. Polo. Stauffer Daniel H. farmer ; Mt. Morris. Stauffer John E. farmer ; P. 0. Oregon. Steel N. L. farm. ; P. 0. Grand Detour. Steel W. H. farm. ; P. 0. Grand Detour. Stouffer G. W. farm. ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Stouffer J. W. farm. ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Stine Henry, farmer ; P .0. Polo. Stoner Anthony, farmer ; P. O. Polo. TEETAR JACOB, farmer; P. 0. Grand Detour. TICE JOHN H. Parmer; P.O. Oregon ; born in Pine Creek, AprU 5, 1839 ; married Miss Elizabeth House holder, Jan. 3, 1861. She was born in Minonk, June 28, 1840. Have had six chUdren — Emma A., born Aug. 25, 1861; Bertie 0., born Dec 4, 1862; Lillie M., born June 24, 1864 ; Fred die L., born Oct 11, 1865 ; Hattie A., born AprU 21, 1867; Gracie B., born July 25, 1875; Mr. Tice owns 146 acres of land, valued at $5,000 ; Mr and Mrs. Tice are members of the United Brethren Church. TICE OTHO, Farmer, Sec. 12 ; P. 0. Oregon ; was born in Washington Co., Md. ; came to this county Sept. 1, 1837 ; married Miss Lucretia flaner Dec 27, 1864 ; she was born in Wash ington Co., Md. ; have had six chUdren (four deceased), two living — Albertus, aged 11, and Jennie, aged 10. Mr. Tice was in the late war ; enlisted Sept. 7, 1861 ; discharged Sept. 15, 1864 ; was wounded tvrice. He served in the 34th I. V. I. Trover George W. farmer ; P. 0. Polo. Trover John fl. farmer ; P. 0. Polo. Trump Isaac, minister ; P. O. Polo. W'ALKUP CHARLES, farmer; P. 0. Oregon. Walkup Carleton, farmer; P. O. Oregon. WALKUP SAMUEL, Farmer, Sec. 12 ; P. O. Oregon ; was born in ¦ Washington Co., Tenn., May 5, 1811; came to this county March 31, 1837 ; married Miss Sophia L. Ruggles May 10, 1840 f she was born in Richland Co., Ohio ; have had ten children (two deceased), eight living — Liberty, John W., Samuel G., Carlton, James L., Mary, Sarah M. Mr. W. has been Jus tice of the Peace, Commissioner ot Highways, and Trustee of Schools four terms, and Town Clerk one term. Walkright Samuel, farmer; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Watts Gera, farmer ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Watts George T. farmer ; P. 0. Polo. Watts Joseph N. farmer ; P. 0. Polo. Watts Thomas, farmer ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Watts William, farmer; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Weller Charies R. farm.; P. 0. Mt. Morris. WeUer Daniel, farmer ; P. 0. Polo. WUson James W. farmer ; P. 0. Polo. Wilson Lyman C . farmer ; P. 0. Grand Detour. WUson Newton, farmer; P. 0. Grand Detour. Winders Jacob 0. farmer; P. 0. Polo. Windle Joseph, farm. ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Windle Josiah, farmer ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Windle John, farmer ; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Windle WUliam, farm.; P. 6. Mt. Morris. Wise Alexander, farmer; P. 0. Polo. WolfkUl EU, farmer; P. 0. Polo. Waltz James W. farmer ; P. O. Polo. Wragg Peter B. farmer ; P. 0. Grand Detour. YATES GEORGE, farmer; P. 0. Polo. Yates John, farmer ; P. O. Polo. MAElON TOWNSHIP. 823 MARION TOWNSHIP. Agnew S. J. farm; Sec. 34; P. O. Kisbwau- kee. Ames Charles. Anderson B. P. Atwood Ira, farmer; Sec 10; P. O. Stillman Valley. ATWOOD JOHIDT A. Farmer; Sec. 10; P. O. Stillman Valley; was born in Canada in 1850 ; married Arvilla A. An drus in Harlem, Winnebago Co., June 30, 1874; she was born in Winnebago Co. in 1853; he is a member ofthe M.E. Church; came to this Co. in 1853 with his father, Jos. Atwood, and seltled on the present estate, a part of which he now occupies; has been Assessor five years, and still fills that office ; has 44 acres, valued at $3,500 ; the land has been improved on the farm, and a fine dwelling erected on a commanding site. ATWOOD JOSEPH, Farmer; Sec. 10; P. O. Stillman Valley; was born in New Hampshire in 1803 ; married Mary Smith in Canada, who died April 19, 1843 ; married Elizabeth Utter, widow of Joseph Underbill, in Canada, in 1844; she was born in that province in 1810 ; have seven children, three by flrst husband : Mary A. and Rebecca, both married and reside in Canada, and Ann Eliza, who died in 1876 ; > John A., Nathan J., and Melinda, wife of Andrew Elsing ; Patten Atwood, youngest son, enlisted in 1864, in 93d I. 8. V., Co. K, and reached New York, where he died ; Mr. A. came to this Co. in June, 1853, and settled on his present estate; have 146 acres, which is now conducted by Nathan I J., who married Sallie P. Chaddock, in Rockford, March 33, 1877 ; have one child, not yet christened, born Jan. 19, 1878; both reside on the homestead; Mr. and Mrs. A. are both members of the M. E. Church. BARDWELL M. L. farmer; Sec 38; P. 0. Stillman Valley. Beach H. L. BIRD BUIiBPH, Farmer; Sec. 36; P. O. Stillman Valley; was born In Morris Co., N. J., April 16, 1819 ; married Azuba Ainsworth Nov. 8, 1843 ; she was born in Seneca Co., N. Y., May 9, 1834; came to this Co. and settled near his present estate, in 1844; have had eight children, flve of whom are living: Albert M., born March 6, 1844; William A., May 19, 1848; George R., June 33, 1850; Ella E., Nov. 8, 1855; Bertha A., Jan 4, 1861; have 160 acres; both are members of the Con gregational Church ; lived in a log cabin when he first settled, from which no human habitation could be seen. Blair Wm. farmer; Sec 39; P. O. Paine's Point. Blocker John, farmer; Sec. 33; P. O. Oregon. BLECKER WM. Parmer; Sec 33; P. O. Oregon ; was born in Washington Co., Md., Sept. 36, 1831 ; married Elizabeth Welty, who was born in Washington Co., Md., July 35, 1833 ; have three children living: John Henry, born Jan. 14, 1848; Marion D., Oct 39, 1857; Delia N., Jan 1, 1859 ; Mr. Blecker came to this state in 1841, remaining two years, when he re turned to Md. ; in 1846 he settled in Car roll Co., and in 1847 moved upon his present estate, consisting of 160 acres, and 400 acres in Pine Rock ; the country was not much settled when he bought his farm, and experienced all the hardship of Dioneer life. BLY JOHJT S. Farmer; Sec 36; P. O. Stillman Valley; born Herkimer Co., N. Y., June 10, 1835; married Ann Atwood in this Co. in 1855 ; she was born in Canada, June, 1837; have had nine children, seven of whom are living : Ida L., born Jan. 16, 1856; Walter W., Oct 37, 1858; Perley F., April 23, 1860; Clara E., Oct. 15, 1863 ; Alice A., May 36, 1865 ; Irena B., June 5, 1868; Lydia A., June 1, 1873; Eliza M., Jan. 31, 1873; Wesley E. and Walter W. deceased ; came to this Co. in the Fall of 1854 and settled upon his present estate ; has over 300 acres. Bly Nathan, Farmer; Sec 10; P. O. Still man Valley. BLY WILLIAM M. Farmer; Sec. 35; P. O. Stillman Valley; born in Her kimer Co., N. Y., in 1837 ; married Frances Bennett in Scott Co., 1866 ; she was born in Herkimer Co., N. Y., in 1846 ; have flve children : Julia E., Mary B., Nathan N., Ada M. and Cora M.; came to this Co. and settled in 1856; enlisted Aug. 11, 1863, in 93d Regt. I. S. V., Co. K, and served until June 34, 1865; was with Kilpatrick in all the battles he engaged in, Chicamauga and other engagements ; was sick in hospital four months, and captured March 8, 1865, near Fayetteville and held; traveled 350 miles under rebel guard; was confined in Libby Prison twenty-two days ; was parolled and obtained furlough for thirty days, when he was sent to Springfield and honorably discharged ; he then returned to this Co. and settled on his farm of 185 acres, valued at $7,500 ; both members of the Methodist Church. Bradley C. C. physician ; Stillman Valley. BROWN ALBERT F. Fai'mer; Sec. 1; P. O. Stillman Valley; born in Brim field, Mass., in 1819 ; married Eunice C. Cothrin at Byron Precinct, Dec. 8, 1843 ; 824 OGLE cotmTr btEEOTOEy; she was born in Yates Co., N. Y., May 8, 1833; both members of Congregational Church ; Mr. Brown came to Dixon, Lee Co., with his father, Dauphin Brown, in 1837, and settled in Ogle Co. the same year; have seven children, all living: Henrietta C, Charles F., George H., Nettie E. J., Cora C, Albert 0. and Silas Percus, Mr. Brown is present Supervisor of this town, having served in this capacity three years, and been otherwise identified with the interests of the Co. ; many inci dents are related by Mr. Brown of his pioneer life, interesting and filled with the stiri'ing events of his early history; the scene of the famous Black Hawk battle ground is upon his farm and near the door of his dwelling. Brown Gee. H. farmer; Sec. 36; P. O. Still man Valley. BBOW:.^ TIMOTHY, Farmer; Sec 33; P. O. Stillman Valley; born in Cort land Co., N. Y., in 1833 ; married Sarah J. Russell ; she was born in Cortland Co., N.Y., March, 1837; they have five chil dren : Tremont, Nellie, Mark T., Arminda E., and Ada M. ; came to this Co. in 1860 and settled on his present farm, consisting of 130 acres ; lost three children : Church, born Feb. 20, 1860, died June 4, 1860 ; Ona Dell, March 3, 1863, died Feb. 30, 1864; Ai-thur Z., Jan. 18, died Jan. 38, 1876. Bunn A. M. farmer ; Sec. 26 ; P. O. Byron. Bunn W. C. farmer; Sec. 6; P. O. Byron. Bumgarden Menne. BURROUGHS G. F. Farmer; Sec. 34; P. O. Paine's Point; born in Erie Co., N. Y., 1823 ; married Selina W. Grant in this Co. in 1851 ; she was born in Canada Jan. 31, 1833; have three children living: Ida L., Jerome L. and George J., twins; Horace L., born Aug. 14, 1860, and died March 31, 1868 ; Mr. B. came to this Co. in 1847, and settled in Lynnville, remain ing some years ; has occupied his present estate eleven years, consisting of 550 acres valued at $35,000 ; Mrs. B. is a member of M. E. Church. CARMICHAEL SAMUEL, farmer; Sec 37; P. O. Stillman Valley. CARR JOHN, Farmer; Sec 31; P. O- Oregon; Road Master; son of Eleazar Carr; who was born in Mass. April 11, 1790, came to this Co. in 1839, and died July 36, 1856; the late Mr. Carr was a Physician of the Thompsonian School, practicing in this Co. and elsewhere with the best of success for a number of years ; his wife, who survives him, was a Miss Nancy Dutton, born in Chenango Co., N. Y., Dec. 25, 1809; they have had flve children: Almon, born in N. Y. State Sept. 8, 1831 ; Sarah E., Ulster Co., N. Y., Nov. 13, 1836; Adeliza in Ogle Co. May 1, 1843; Hiram F., Ogle Co. March 19, 1844, died Sept 13, 1864; John, in Ogle Co. May 3, 1846 ; owns 80 acres of land. Case Daniel, farmer; Sec. 11 ; P. O. Byron. CHAJTEY ELI M. Farmer; Sec 35; P. O. Paine's Point; born in Harrison Co., Va., Oct. 7, 1834 ; married Ellen B. Austin, Feb. 13, 1856 ; she was born in Northum berland Co., Sept. 26, 1834; have three children: Emma L., John B. and Ella B.; Mr. C. came from Ohio to this state with a colony in 1884, and seltled in Putnam Co. ; traveled mostly with wagons drawn by oxen ; this colony purchased the claim of John Hall, consisting of six rude dwellings and a large tract of land ; Hen nepin was the nearest market place, and ' salt was |15 per barrel ; organized a body of men, and with teams started for Chicago, being the flrst teams that had traveled this part of the country ; were in water waist deep twelve miles west of Chicago ; crossed the Chicago River on rafis constructed by the party ; was four weeks on this journey ; many days going only flve and six miles ; the second day out reached a place called (by them) Pluck Creek, a stream wide and deep, where they halted, unable to cross ; while here a team was discovered running at full speed toward the creek and oppo site shore ; the wagon contained two men, and the horses plunged with them over the precipitous banks into the sti'eam; they were with great diflSculty rescued, one of them proving to be Shabbona, a celebrated Indian chief, the buggy and team, with a suit of clothes, being the same presented him by the U. S. Government; secured salt in Chicago at 80 cents per bar rel, and loaded 150 barrels in wagons, reaching home after many difficulties and trials ; in 1835 Mr. C. moved to Galena, remaining until the following April, when he settled in Bm'eau Co. ; in the Spring of 1837 he came to this Co. and settled on his present estate; has 248 acres, valued at 115,000 ; Mr. C. is a member of tbe Bap tist Church ; Mr. C. met Shabbona in Chi cago, in 1847, and when he had made him self known, he clasped him in his arms as if meeting with a lost brother. Clark Daniel, farmer; Sec 2; P. O. Still man Valley. Clark John, farmer; Sec 3; P. 0. Stillman Valley. CLAYTON JAMES M. Farmer; Sec 3; P, O. Stillman Valley; born in Brimfleld, Mass., in 1814; married Harriet Norton in Byron Sept. 33, 1841 ; she was born in Trenton, N. Y., July 16, 1833 ; had ten children, eight of whom are living : Adelaide L.,- Mary C, George H., John E., Charles S., Harriet I., Carrie F., and Lena E. ; Delia N. died Oct 15, 1843 ; William H. died Aug. 31, 1843; Mr. C. came to this Co. in 1837, and settled in Dixon Ferry, where he became engaged as ferry man ; attempting to cross the stream when Marion TO'WrNSHiP. 825 it was frozen, his vessel was carried away with the ice ; he settled upon his present estate in 1842 ; held the office of Constable at Byron in 1838-'39 ; Mr. C. participated in the arrest and punishment of the famous Driscoll affair, which occurred in his early life. Clothier Norman, farmer; Sec. 34; P. O. Kishwaukee. Conover D. A. farmer; Sec. 8; P. O. Byron. Conover Garrett G. lab ; Sec 8 ; P.O Byron. Conover John, farmer; Sec 8; P. O. Byron. Conover W. B. laborer; Sec 8; P. O. Byron. Corkins Sam. lab ; Sec. 13 ; Stillman Valley. Countryman Jas.farm ; Sec. 37; P.O.Oregon. Crowell Putney, farm; Sec. 30; P.O. Oregon. Crowel Sam'l, farmer; S. 30; P. O. Oregon. CROWELL SOLAN S. Farmer; Sec. 31; P. O. Oregon; was born in Merrimac Co., N. H., in 1813; married Mary K. Marshall ; she was born in N. Y. and died in 1843 ; his present wife, Sarah Curran, was born in Madison Co., N. Y., in 1836; they have nine children, all living : Fan nie J. B., born Dec. 3d, 1853; Mary E., Oct. 7, 1854; John C, March 14, 1858; Elizabeth G., March 33, 1860; George G., March 13, 1863; Frank G. March, 1864; Robert D., 1867; Solon W., 1869; Shiriey K., 1873; Mr. C. * came to this Co. in 1836, and settled near Mt. Morris, remaining till 1843, when he settled on his present estate ; has a farm of 510 acres, valued at |30,000 ; was County Commissioner for three years; when he came to this place he built a log cabin, in which .twenty-two of them lived, keeping Bachelor's Hall ; Mr. C. relates many in teresting incidents of his pioneer life. Cummings Geo. farmer; Sec. 34; P. O. Kish waukee. DEWBY GEO. R. laborer; Sec 9; P. O. Byron. Dickerman Luke; farmer; Sec 3; P. O. Stillman Valley. Dixon Paul, farmer; Sec. 33; P. O. Byron. Dixon Thos. farmer; Sec. 23; P. O. Byron. Dummer August. E ATON FRANK. Ehman Albert. Bssman Arend. Etnyre John, farmer; Sec. 11; P. O. Paine's Point. Bychner Henry, farmer ; S. 31 ; P. O. Byron. EYSTER JOHN, Farmer; Sec. 31; P. O. Oregon; born in Berks Co., Penn., Dec. 37, 1801 ; married Susanah Barto in Northumberland Co., May 1, 1833; she was born in Berks Co., Pa., and died May 4 1843 ; had nine children, eight of whom are living: Melinda, Lucy, Benjamin, Joseph, Ester, Lovina, Siras and S^san; William, the oldest son, was drowned while crossing Rock River, in March, 1858; Lovina was the flrst girl born in , this Co. ; she married Reuben R. Prentiss, and lives on the homestead ; they have two children : Henry W., born Aug. 16, 1873, and Helen L., Oct. 3, 1875 ; Mr. P. en listed in tlie 8th 1. S. V. cavalry; served four years and was honorably discharged ; in 1857 Mr. B. married Eliza Lacy, and she died April 3, 1873; he came to this Co. in 1837, and settled on his present eslate of 400 acres, valued at $20,800 ; has been Poor Master and Road Master; lived three weeks in a tent while he erected a log hut to live in; also participated in many claim fights. Erxleben Herman, farmer; Sec 31; P.O. Oregon. FERRIS HIRAM J. Pastor of the Congregational Church ; Sec. 3 ; P. O. Stillman Valley; born in Johnstown, Rock Co., Wis., April 30, 1847; married Harriet Sanbm'u, at Milton, Sept. 5, 1873 ; she was born in Union Village, Orange Co., Vt., Aug. 18, 1842; have two children : William S., born June 30, 1873, and Sarah L., June 7, 1876 ; Mr. F., while a student had studied with great earnestness in his profession for the ministry, until failing health induced him to seek the dry and bracing atmosphere of the western cli mate, where he remained three years, when he returned and became pastor of this people Jan. 1, 1876 ; he also officiates at New Milford, and is beloved by all who know him ; his father, Wm. P. Ferris, was one of the earliest settlers in Wisconsin ; also Levi Sanburn, father of Mrs. F., left Vermont and settled in Rock Co., Wis., in 1854. FRANE JOHN D., Sec 27; P. O. Paine's Point ; born in Northampton Co., Pa., in 1810 ; married Lydia Newhart in Columbia Co., Pa., and she died Oct. 8, 1868 ; his present wife, Mary A. Kill, was born in Fort Plain, N. Y., in July, 1814; has four children: Hannah, Sarah, Lucinda and John D., Jr. ; have lost four : Betsy, Josiah, Hiram and one that died in infancy; Mr. F. came to this Co. in 1849 and rented a farm for two years, when he purchased his present estate ; has 160 acres valued at $10,000; when he seltled in this Co. Chicago was the nearest market ; sold wheat for 30 cents per bushel and corn at 30 cents ; it occupied about three years to build the house in which he still resides, such was the labor of his early pioneer life ; also lost all his crops by fire in 1851 ; both members of M. E. Church. Fletcher Thomas, farmer; Sec 35; P. O. Paine's Point. 826 OGLE COXTNTY DIEEOTOET ! GARNHART JOHN, farmer; Sec 25; P. O. White Rock. Gould E. farmer; Sec. 14; P. O. Stillman Valley. Gould W. F. farmer; Sec. 14; P. O. Stillman Valley. Groenhagen Hiram. GUYNN JOHN, Farmer; Sec 27; P. O. Paine's Point ; born in Washington Co., Md., Oct. 16, 1824; married Elizabeth Cramer in same Co. April 18, 1847 ; she was born in Sharpsburg, Md., June 35, 1883; they have ten children : Joseph S., John P., Robert A., May S., Allen B., Emma G, George W., Nettie J., William A. and Thomas T. ; lost two children: Charies H., died Sept. 28, 1865 ; Benjamin M., Feb. 27, 1863 ; Mr. G. came to this Co. with his father, Joseph, in 1855, and settled in West Grove; has occupied his present estate three years, consisting of 158 acres ; his residence is located on the Stillman Road, so. called from Stillman's famous retreat over this section of country; not far from his dwelling is a grave of one who fell in the retreat, over which the willow bends its weeping branches. H AASE TICE, laborer; Sec 9; P. O. Oregon. HAGAMAN JOSEPH B. Farmer; Sec. 25 ; P. O. Byron ; born in Amsterdam, N. Y., in 1812; married Katy A Lepper Dec. 8, 1836, in Amsterdam, N. Y. ; she was born in same place in 1818; came to this Co. and settled 'on his present estate in 1843; they have had seven children: Clark L,, Hannah A., James L., who en listed in 67th Regt. I. V. I., Co. A, three months men, and died while in the ser vice, Francis M., George J., John M. and Charles W. ; both members M. E. Church ; the log hut in which he lived when he settled in this place still stands near his present dwelling. Haight C. C. farmer; Sec 10; P. O. Stillman Valley. HALL SMITH, Farmer; Sec. 36; P. O. Stillman Valley; born in Schenectady, N. Y., in 1818 ; married Sarah Lepper in Amsterdam, Nov. 14, 1844; she was born Aug. 5, 1833 ; they have had four children, three of whom are living : Rebecca, born Sept 18, 1847; John M., Nov. 6, 1849; Nelson, Sept. 16, 1858 ; Sabine, Nov. 29, 1851, died July 8, 1854; came to this Co. in 1851 ; lived in Rockford a few years, and returned, since which time has resided upon their present home ; have 80 acres ; Mrs. H. is a member of the Congregational Church. HANNUM ALVIN, Farmer; Sec 23; P. O. Paine's Point; born in Hampshire Co., Mass., June 33, 1821 ; married Lydia A. Boyce in this Co. in 1849; she was born in Washington Co., N. Y., March 22, 1824 ; they have three children, Mattie, born May 33, 1853; Henry, March 11, 1855; Walter E., Aug. 3, 1856; came to this Co. in 1883 witE his father, Julius Hannum, and settled in Buffalo Grove, where he lived for some years, when he pur chased his present estate ; has 300 acres ; Chicago was the nearest market place, and he hauled the lumber from Chicago that was put in his first dwelling; has a tooth of a Mastodon that weighs four pounds, found near his farm ; went to Cal. in 1851 and returned in 1853 ; Mrs. H.'s father, William Boyce, was one of the earliest settlers. Harris W. H. Sec. 2; P. O. Stillman Valley. HART .lOHN C. Farmer; Sec 33; P. O. Kishwaukee, former estate of John T. Merrifield ; bom in Wyoming Co., N. Y., Dec. 4, 1819 ; married Lucy Stuart in her present home, in 1846; she was born in Ireland, Nov. 13, 1836 ; had eight children : William L., Lorain M., Louisa C, Riley J., Louis B., Samuel J., Gorden N., Carrie L., and Ann J., all living; Ellsworth F., Alma J., and Clarence L. deceased ; Mr. M. died July 19, 1866; married John C. Hart in 1875, and both reside upon the estate, and are members of the Wesleyan M. E. Church ; have 1,400 acres ; Mr. M. was one of the earliest settlers; was School Commissioner, and held other offices of trust; the log hut that Mr. and Mrs. M. were married in still stands where it was * • erected. Henry John, lab ; Sec. 30 ; P. O. Oregon. Hickey Mathew, farmer; Sec 3; P. O. Still man Valley. Horleman D. A. farmer; Sec. 36; P. 0. White Rock. Hulbert D. L. farmer ; Sec. 3. P. 0. Stillman Valley. Humphrey Silas, merchant ; Stillman Valley. Hunter John, farmer; Sec. 35; P. 0. White Rock. HURD DR. ARNOLD E. Seel; P. O. Stillman Valley; born in Norway, N. Y., Jan. 5, 1809; married Persis P. Brown, who died Aug., 1861 ; his present wife, Margaret V. Vandyke, was born in Union Co., Penn. ; both members of the Congregational Church ; have seven chil dren : Sarah A., Henry E., Hiram H., Sew ard, Horace G., Dauphin B. and Arnold E., Jr.; Dr. Hurd is one of the oldest settlers ; he came to this Co. Dec. 35, 1836 ; was Justice of the Peace some 'ten or twelve years ; held office of School Com missioner some years, and been promi nently identified; his residence stands near the site ot ground once the scene of the famous Stillman defeat; many inci dents are related by him of his early pioneer life. JANSEN LEWIS, farmer; Sec 16: P. O. Byron. MAEION TOWNSHIP. 827 Jenkin John, farmer; Sec. 34; P. O. White Rock. Jenkins Stephen, Stillman Valley. Jenkins Thos. J. farmer ; Sec. 11 ; P.O. White Rock. Johnson L. L. G, P. M. ; Stillman Valley. JOHNSON PETER N. and PETER LAWSON, Farmers; Sec. 22; P.O. Stillman Valley; Mr. Johnson was born in Sweden in 1847; married Nellie Lawson in May, 1871, in this Go. ; she was born in Sweden in 1845 ; have flve children : Jennie, Tilda S., Caroline, Hilde- mary, and Ida M. ; came to this country in May, 1871, and served with Homer D. Lewis two years; has occupied the pres ent farm about four years, which he rents with his brother-in-law, Peter Lawson. K ELLY SYLVESTER. King J. H. farmer; Sec 1; P. O. Stillman Valley. King J. M. farmer; Sec. 18; P. O. Byron. Kruise Jack, farmer; Sec. 33; P. O. Byron. LEVnS FREDERICK H. Farmer; Sec 24; P. O. Stillman Val ley ; born in Ogle Co., in 1849 ; married Lucy A. Johnson, in Stillman Valley, in 1871 ; she was born in Ohio, in 1848 ; have two children : Charles H., born Sept. 28, 1873, andHarry, March 26, 1876; Mr. L. is son of Homer Lewis, one of the early settlers ; have a farm of 160 acres, valued at $10,000; was born near his present es tate, which was a complete wilderness; has often seen deer and wolves near the door when a boy, and Mrs. L. attended the Seminary at Rockford when the daughters of Stephen Mack were there to learn the ways of the whites. LEWIS HO.MER D. Farmer; Sec. 15 ; P. O. Stillman Valley ; born in Belcher- town, Mass., Jan. 18, 1833 ; married Adeline Bacon Jan. 6, 1848 ; she was born in Wor cester, Mass., in 1836; have had seven children : 'Frank H., Laura M., Mary E., Carrie A., Lucy D., Charles H. (died March 10, 1860), Frank E. (died March 16, 1860) ; Mr. Lewis came to this Co. with his father, David Lewis, in 1838, traveling in an emigrant wagon from Mass., which occu pied about six weeks ; Mr. Lewis was the flrst Collector of this town in 1850 ; has farm of 350 acres ; Mrs. L. is a member of the Congregational Church. LEWIS L. MASON, Farmer; Sec. 36; P. O. Stillman Valley; born in Belch- ertown, Mass., in 1880; married Helen Preston in this Co. Jan. 7, 1855 ; she was born in Oneida Co., N. Y., in 1836 ; have one child, Frank F., born Nov. 17, 1861 ; lost two children : Mity, four months, and Gertie, ten months of age ; came to this Co. with his father. Deacon David Lewis, an old settler, in 1838, where he has since lived ; moved upon his present estate some four years since ; was six weeks on the road from Mass. in a wagon ; Mrs. L. at. tended the Seminary at Rockford when the children of Stephen Mack were scholars in the same institution. LEVEY BENJAMIN, Farber; Sec 26 ; P. O. Stillman Valley ; born in Amster dam, N. Y., Dec. 18, 1839 ; married Mar garet Lepper in Amsterdam, N. Y., Dec 27, 1868 ; she was born in Amsterdam, N. Y., Sept. 17, 1834; no children; both are members of the Methodist Church ; owns 90 acres; came to this Co. and settled on his present estate in 1868, where he has since remained. Longsden Edmond, farmer; Sec. 17; P. O. Byron. Longsden Rufus, farmer ; Sec. 18 ; P.O.Byron. IX/TcGINNIS WM. farmer; Sec 26; P. O- ^^^ White Rock. Merryfleld Riley, Sec. 14; P. O. Kishwaukee. Merryfield W. S. farmer: Sec. 14; P. O. Kishwaukee. Miller W. A. farmer; Sec 11 ; P. O. StUlman Valley. MILLIS JOHN, Farmer; Sees. 29 and 8; P. O. Byron; born in Guilford Co., N. G, in 1824 ; married Mary A. Whitaker in this Co. in Jan., 1854; she was born in Sangamon Co., 111., Oct. 15, 1828; have two children, Addie and Paul ; came to this Co. in 1848, remaining until 1850, when he crossed the plains to California; returned in 1858 and settled upon his pres ent estate ; owns 150 acres ; had a thrilling experience on the plains, and experienced all the hardships of pioneer life. Mink Gustus, Sec. 37 ; P. O. Paine's Point. Minot Charles. Morgan Wm. farmer; Sec. 38; P. O. Byron. Morrill Elisha, farmer; Sec. 31 ; P.O.Oregon. Morrill Jas. farmer; Sec. 31 ; P. O. Oregon. NELLY TIMOTHY, farmer; Sec 18; P. O. Oregon. Nippenan Hans, farmer; Sec. 24; P. O. Oregon. Nippenan Henry, farmer; Sec 21; P. O. Oregon. Noble Osmer, farmer; Sec. 26; P. 0. Byron. NOBLE SETH, Farmer; Sec. 26; P. O . Byron ; born in Hampden Co., Mass., Jan. 30, 180'2 ; married Mary Maclntyre Nov. 16, 1827; she was born in Delhi, Delaware Co., N. Y., Sept. 16, 1805 ; came to this Co. and settled on his present estate in Sept., 1836; wife died July 6, 1845; married Maria Moore Dec. 6, 1852 ; she was born in Amsterdam, N. Y., Jan. 20, 1816; have had seven children, four of whom are living: Lorenda, Lucy, Francis A-, Julia A, Osman, Lorain and Silas; 828 OGLE OOUNTT DIEEOTOET: Mr. N. is one of the earliest settlers ; he raised some, of the flrst wheat that was ever shipped to Chicago ; was 18 miles to mill, and paid $1 per bushel for wheat, and threshed it himself; many incidents of pioneer life are told by him of interest ; two sons, Osman and Silas, have adjoining farms; has 400 acres, valued at 30,000; both are members of the M. E. Church. NOBLE SILAS, Farmer; Sec. 37; P. O. Byron; born in this Co. in 1837; married Amanda Preston, in this Co., in 1861; she was born in Camden, N. Y., July, 1844; have four children: Osmer, Georgie, Albert and Frank; both are members of the M. B. Church; has 140 acres ; Mr. N. is second son of Seth Noble, one of the earliest settlers in this Co. NORTHRUP MRS. NANCY M. Widow of George Northrup; Farmer; Sec. 7; P. O. Byron; born in Bradford Co., Penn., in 1803, and died in 1873 ; he married Nancy M. Snyder in Athens, Pa., in 1834; she was born in Bradford Co., Penn., in 1816 ; came to this Co, in 1854, and settled cm the present estate ; the children are: George M., Orlando S., Charles L., Mary M. and Sarah L. ; two sons are married and live in Iowa ; Mr. N. was a self-made man, natural mechanic of unusual capacity; was beloved by all who knew him, and was prominently ident ified with the interests of the Co. o SGOOD E. L. farmer; Sec. 24; P. O. Stillman Valley. PAINE JOSEPH, laborer; Sec. 11; P. O. Byron. PATRICK EDIVABD W^. Farmer ; Sec 9 ; P. O. Stillman Valley ; born in Ogle Co. in 1839 ; married Ellen Gould at her father's, Jan 4, 1870 ; have two children living: Emma G., born March, 1873; Arthur E., Oct., 1873; has 330 acres; was born and brought up on the farm he now occupies, his parents being among the earliest settlers of the Co. PATRICK HENRY H. Farmer; Sec. 14; P. O. Stillman Valley; born in Hampden Co.,Mass., May 25, 1825 ; married Anna F. Swan, in Byron, Oct. 3, 1860 ; she was born in Horseheads, N. Y., Jan. 30, 1838 ; have 5 children, all living : Maurice L., born Sept. 36, 1868 ; Carrie L., Jan. 4, 1865; Susie R., Dec. 11, 1870; Henry S., Sept. 6, 1873; Floyd H., Jan. 15, 1877; Mr. Patrick came to this Co. with his father, Samuel Patrick, in 1837, and settled in Black Walnut Grove ; in 1850, Mr. P. crossed the plains to Cal.; Chas. Whee lock, son of Judge Henry Wheelock, who accompanied him, was shot while on the journey ; Mr. P. returned to this Co. in 1854, where he has since remained. Peterson John, farmer ; Sec. 33 ; P.O. Bryon. Pluckey Wesley, laborer; P.O. Paine's Point. Plucker John, farmer; Sec. 37; P.O. Paine's Point. Pratt George, farmer; Sec. 33; P. O. Byron. PRESTON G-ARDNER S. Farmer: Sec. 33 ; P. O. Bryon ; born in Oneida Co., N. Y., June 11, 1838; came to this Co. in Oct., 1849, and settled upon his present estate; have five children, all living: Cur tis A., born Jan. 4,1855; Carrie A., Jan. 30., 1857; Frank H., March 10, 1859; Jay W., April 18, 1862; Lyman, May 3, 1867; has 800 acres, valued at $20,000; is High way Commissioner of Marion Tp., School Trustee at present time; lived in a log house when he first settled on his present estate. Preston J. S. farmer; Sec. 28; P. O. Byron. Preston Noah, farmer; Sec. 37; P. O. Byron. REEDS JOHN J. farmer; Sec 31; P. 0. Oregon. Reese Edwin, famer; Sec. 33; P. O. Oregon. Reese John, farmer ; Sec. 33 ; P. O. Oregon. Reese Thos. farmer; Sec. 33; P.O. Oregon. REE VERTS GEERD, Farmer; Sec. 20 ; P. O. Oregon ; bom in Kingdom of Hanover, Prussia, Oct. 34, 1840 ; mar ried Hilke Shaffer in Oregon Sept. 13, 1863; she was born in Kingdom of Han over, Prussia, Feb. 14, 1848 ; have eight children living: Elizabeth G., Frederick G., Mary G., Andrew 6., Jennie D., Haukea G., Gertie L. and Frederica G. ; lost one, Andrew G., died Feb. 14, 1867 ; came to this country in 1853 and settled near his present estate, where he has since resided ; owns 160 acres, valued at $12,000 ; is School Director; members of Dutch Reformed Church. Revel Wallace, laborer; Sec. 5; P. O. Still man Valley. Reeverts John, farmer ; Sec. 16 ; P.O.Oregon. Rolfa Squire, farmer; Sec 27; P. O. Paine's Point. SAMPSON WILLIAM, Sec. 31 ; P. O. Paine's Point. Savery B. W. Sec 2; P. O. Stillman Valley. Sensor C. A. laborer; Sec. 32; P. O. Byron. Shean John, laborer; Sec. 10; P. O. White Rock. Shean John, farmer ; Sec. 84; P. O. White Rock. Shelly Jos. farmer; Sec. 30; P. O. Oregon. SHELLY SAMUEL, Farmer; Sec 30; P. O. Oregon; born in Butler Co., Pa., in 1825 ; married Mary A. Schwartz, in Northampton Co., Pa., in 1851; she was born in same Co., in 1831 ; children are George A., Elizabeth J., Maggie M., Rosie A., Lydia E., and Abraham S. ; Mary A. married William H. Knauss, who died and left one child, Edwin W., aged four teen months ; Mr, 8, came to this Co. in MAEION TOWNSHIP. 1861, and settled on his present estate, con sisting of 330 acres, valued at $20,000; is present School Director ; are members of Dutch Reformed Church. SHUART STEPHEN B. Sec 8; P. O. Byron ; born in Ohio, in 1887 ; mar ried Julia A. Whitaker, at Marion, Jan. 23, 1867; she was born in Putnam Co., 111., in 1833 ; have two children, Emma E., born Dec. 6, 1868, and one adopted boy, born Jan. 1, 1875; came to this Co. in 1857, and settled on his present estate; have farm of 155 acres, value $7;500 ; Mr. S. enlisted in 15th I. S. V., Co. H, in 1861 ; participated in battles of Shiloh, Vicks burg, Pittsburg Landing, and taken pris oner at Ackworth, Ga., while with Sher man on his March to the Sea; held in An dersonville prison six months, when he was exchanged and discharged ; he served over four years. Snyder Daniel, lab ; Sec. 37 ; P. O. Byron. Snyder Nelson, farm. Sec- 37; P. O. Byi-on. SOVEREIGN ISAAC H. Farmer; Sec. 34; P. O. Kishwaukee; born in Canada, Feb. 20, 1831 ; married Sarah J. Bartlett in 1853 ; she was born in Bean- ville, Canada West, in 1832: have four children: Clara E., Carrie E., William, and Minnie B. ; Mr. S. came to this state in 1840, residing in Winnebago Co. until 1842, when he came to this Co. and settled on his present estate ; is the only surviving son of George Sovereign, who was born in Sussex Co., N. J., Aug. 13, 1798, and mar ried Phoebe F. Powell, Nov. 15, 1830; both are living on the homestead; they had nine children, only two of whom are living; Mar^ J., surviving daughter, pres ent wife of Harvey Ross ; George Sovereign has been prominently identified with the interests of the Co. during his life, and is in the enjoyment of good health; have, farm of 300 acres. SPALDING HARRY, Parmer; Sec. 4; P. 0. Byron; born in Bradford Co., Pa., Aug. 39, 183'2 ; married Emily N. Parsons, in his present home, Dec. 25, 1851 ; has four children, all Uving : Ellen S., George L., Etta P., and Alfred K. ; came to this Co. in 1836, with his father, Geo. W., the family following in 1837 ; served 6 years as Constable ; has been School Di rector 21 years ; has 370 acres, valued at $14,000 ; was Ferryman at Byron 5 years, and Path Master 5 years; Mr. S. numbers among the early settlers, and relates many incidents of interest ; has slept on the open prairie many nights, and remembers see ing the bones of the dead on the field of the Black Hawk War. Spreicker Jacob. Sprecker Levi. Stagle Charles, farmer ; Sec 27 ; P.O, Paine's Point. tinghorst Henry. Stiras Ira, farmer; Sec. 34; P. O. Byron. Stiras J. C. farmer; Sec. 34; P. O. Byron. TAYLOR AMBROSE, farmer ;Sec 7; P. O. Byron. TAYLOR JAMES, Farmer; Sec. 3; P. O. Byron ; born in Franklin Co., O., Feb. 16, 1823 ; married Martha Conway, in this Co., Dec. 12, 1853; she was born in Morgan Co., 0., July 35, 1831; have four chUdren living: Ambrose, Evalina L., Sherman and Martha; lost one, Benson; died Jan. 13, 1865; came to this Co. with his father, Ambrose Taylor, and settled on his present estate a few years after his coming; has 430 acres ; made many trips to Chicago with oxen ; he lived in a log house which still stands near the door of his house ; bored holes in the side af the shanty and hung pegs upon which he constructed a bedstead and other necessities of pioneer life. Taylors. D. farmer; Sec. 3; P. O. Stillman Valley. TRAXLER PETER, Farmer: Sec. 27; P. O. Stillman Valley; bom in Canada Nov. 36, 1808 ; married Agnes E. Messmore in Canada in 1838; she was born March 14, 1811; they have had seven children : Chas. R., Michael W., Rebecca E., Mai-y J., Lucy A., Edwin D. and Francis L. ; Charles R. died while cross ing the plains near Laramie June 11, 1853 ; Mary J., March 7, 1845 ; Edwin D., Sept. 16, 1851 ; Mr. T. came to this Co. in 1840, and settled near his present estate; has 120 acres ; his wife is a member of Con gregational Church; country was new when they came, and Mrs. T. has often yoked up the oxen and gone miles gather ing wood ; it was thirty miles to nearest mill. TRUMBULL ASAPH M. Farmer; Sec. 9; P. O. Stillman Valley; born in East Windsor, Conn., Sept. 13, 1813 ; mar ried Sarah M. Gotshall in Northumber land Co., Pa., March 8, 1838 ; she was born April 6, 1819, and died Aug. 3, 1843; Mr. F. came to this Co. in July, 1839, •living near Byron two years, when he settled upon his present estate ; married Mary M. Patrick Oct. 12, 1843 ; she died Aug. 10, 1860 ; left two children : George and Minnie, both deceased; married his present wife. Honor Preston, Aug. 6, 1861 ; have one son living, and settled upon adjoining estate; Mr. T. has 300 acres; has been Supervisor one vear. Assessor, Trustee, Treasurer and Highway Com missioner; settled in a log house near Byron ; the first crop of wheat he raised traveled to St. Charles, fifty miles, to get it ground, snow fifteen inches deep and bitter cold, this is but an instance con nected with his pioneer life. WATERMILDER LEWBY, laborer; Sec 30; P.O.Oregon. 830 OGLE COUNTT DIEEOTOET: TVELD DANIEL, Farmer; Sec 16; P. O. Stillman Valley ; born in Windham Co., Vt., March 10, 1801 ; married Almira Lee in Conway, Mass., Sept. 26, 1827 ; she was born in Abbott, Vt., Oct. 38, 1799; they had eight children : William Henry, Warren D., Edward H., Sarah J., Ji ihn M., Charles F; two twins deceased; Mr. Weld settled in this Co. on his present estate in 1844, and has experienced all the hardships of pioneer life; made many trips to Chicago, occupying one week in the journey; has 207 acres besides grist mill ; his son Henry enlisted in 84th Regt. I. S. V. as Captain; served seven months and was honorably discharged ; Edward Weld enlisted in 34th Regt. I. S. V., First Lieutenant, mustered in 1863 ; participated in battles of Corinth, Murfreesboro ; was taken prisoner at Stone River and sent to Libby Prison; was exchanged some months afterwards and returned to his regiment ; engaged in the battles at Mis sionary Ridge, Lookout Mountain, and crossed the country with Sherman on his March to the Sea ; Republican. Weld B. H. farmer ; Sec. 16 ; P. O. Stillman Valley. WELD HENRY, Blacksmith; Sec. 24; P. O. Stillman Valley; born in Wind ham Co., Vt., in 1838 ; married Sarah D. Page in this Co. in 1860 ; she was born in Ohio in 1844 ; have one child, Grace E., born in Feb., 1861 ; came to this Co. in 1844 with his father, Daniel Weld, one of our earliest settlers ; built a shop in Big Walnut Grove, where he flrst worked at his trade, after serving an apprenticeship ; in 1849 he crossed the plains to Cal., where he remained until the Spring of 1851 ; he again crossed returning in 1853, when he purchased a farm, following that business some years; two years ago he settled on his present place, building the shop he now occupies, and has erected a flue residence adjoining; is Justice of the Peace, and has held that office about four years ; has been Township Treasurer, and otherwise connected with the interests of the Co. ; enlisted in 34th Regt. I. S. V., Co. E, as Captain, and served seven months. Weld J. &D. farmers; Sec 38; P. O. Still man Valley. Weld Warren D. farmer; Sec. 10; P. O. Stillman Valley. Wells G. W. farmer; Sec. 18; P. O. Oregon. Whitaker S. farmer; Sec. 5; P. O. Byron. IVHITAKER WILLIAM J. Farmer ; Sec. 8 ; P. O. Byron ; born in Putnam Co., 111., Sept. 18, 1838 ; married Adelaide Mix June 81, 1865 ; she was born in Jacksonville Jan. 30, 1836 ; have had flve children : Lelia E., William St. John and Ann B., ; twins, Addie M. and George, who died Jan. 15, 1875 ; she is a member of tbe Congregational Church ; came to this Co. with his father, John W., in 1835, and seltled near his present estate ; has been School Director twelve years ; his father was Justice of the Peace many years; Mrs. W. remembers of riding from Dixon to Byron when a small girl with Stephen Mack; and both tell of seeing a dead squaw encased in bark and left in a tree for burial ; other incidents are told by this early pioneer of their early life ; has 305 acres. WHITE JOHN H. Farmer and Dealer in Agricultural Implements ; Sec 3; P. O. Stillman Valley; born in Vir ginia, Jan. 14, 1811; married Melinda S. George, in Va., Dec. 5, 1833 ; she was born in May, 1817 ; have had eleven children : Mary E., James G., Thos. M., Ann B., Robert F. J., Joshua H., Willie V., John S., John Samuel, named after an elder brother now deceased, Joseph B., and one son that died in infancy; Mr. W. came to this Co. and settled in Black Wal nut, where he lived seven years, removing to Rockford, where he engaged in the grain business eight years, when he settled upon his present estate; he is Commis sioner of Highways, Trustee of Schools, and has been otherwise identified with the interests of the Co. ; has 160 acres of land and a warehouse at Stillman Valley, where for two years past he has engaged in grain business and agricultural imple ments. WHITE JOSHUA, Farmer; Sec. 2; P. O. Stillman Valley; born in Loudoun Co., Va., in 1814; married Lucy A. Brown at IJyron, 111., in 1842; she was born in Mass., Oct. 13, 1817; they have seven chil dren living: James D., Charles F., George W., Julia, John E., Frank and Lizzie; two twin brothers deceased; Mr. W. settled in this Co. in 1888; engaged in stock busi ness ; in 1841 built flat boats and shipped the first live stock ever shipped to New Orleans ; engaged in furniture business at Rockford two years, and settled in White Oak Springs, (then) Territory of Wiscon sin, where he engaged in mercantile busi ness; in 1846 was a delegate to the 1st Territorial Convention that formed the constitution of the state ; spent the season of '48 in Chicago, and returned to this Co. and seltled upon his beautiful farm; represented this Co. as Supervisor seven teen or eighteen years; also this district in the Legislature in '57-'58 ; has been a resident of this Co. forty years. WILBUR CHARLES, Farmer; Sec 83; P. O. Byron; born in Oneida Co., N. Y., in 1817; married Ann Shaw in Trenton, N. Y., Feb. 30, 1839; she was born in Otsego Co., N. Y., Feb. 7, 1817 ; have one child living, Harriet N., present wife of John C. Sliires ; they have one child, Mabel, born Sept., 1877 ; Mr. W. came to this Co. in 1848, and settled on his present estate ; his family are descendants of Sam- MAEION TOV7N8HIP. 831 uel Wilbur, from Dorchester, Eng., who came to this country in 1634 ; they pur chased Rhode Island, and William Cod dington was governor and Samuel Wilbur, assistant ; he died in 1656 ; Sam'l Wilbur, Jr., came to Portsmouth in 1644 and died in 1700 ; he inherited all the land in Rhode Island; William Wilbur, son of Joseph, died in 1710 ; Samuel W., son of William, came in 1610, and died in 1640; Charles Wilbur, son of last named, born Aug., 1733, and died at a good old age; grandfather Aaron Wilbur moved from R. I. to N. Y. in 1770 and died in 1838; Mr. Wilbur's father, Barnabas, was born in Vt., May 3, 1783, and died in 1863 ; Mr. W. has been Justice of the Peace sixteen years, and otherwise identified ¦with the interests of the Co.; have 160 acres of land. WILCOX FRANCIS W, Farmer; Sec 16; P. O. Stillman Valley; born in Windham Co., Vt., in 1840 ; married Mary A. Atwood in this Tp. Jan. 1, 1867; she was born in Essex Co., Canada, in 1848 ; have three children : Chester, born Oct. 8, 1867 ; Martha, Sept. 20, 1871, and one not yet christened, Sept. 30,1877; Mr. W. came to this Co. in the Spring of 1861, and set tled in Black Walnut Grove, near his present estate; has 100 acres; has been School Director and served as Town Col lector one year ; is half brother to Stephen G. Perry, one of the earliest settlers ; both members of M. E. Church. Wilcox J. G. farmer; Sec. 18; P. O. Byron. Wilmorth A. B. farm; Sec 36 ; P. O. Byron. Wilmorth C. N. farmer ; Sec. 36 ; P. O. Byron. Wilmarth Fred, farm; Sec 36; P. O. Byron. IVOODCOCK JOHN B. Farmer; Sec. 27 ; P. O. Byron ; born in Prescott, Canada, in 1825 ; married Lucy Martin in Ogle Co. in May, 1849 ; she was born in Canada July 20, 1822; have had six chil dren : Ella E., Walter S., Antoinette N., John D. and two deceased ; came to this Co. with his father, Freeman W., in 1845, and settled in Nashua Tp., where he re mained flve years, then moved upon his present estate ; both are members M. B. Church; owns 500 acres; held office of Deputy Co. Cleik. YOUNGS THOMAS, farmer; Sec. 24; P. O. Stillman Valley. YOUNGS OGDEN B. Farmer; Sec. 13 ; P. 0. Stillman Valley ; , born in Cuya hoga Co., O., June 14, 1822; married Emma 0. Norton; she was born in Genesee Co., N. Y., March 7, 1838; have had seven children: Mary E., Thomas G., Henry J., Bertha E. and Alice M., all liv ing; Mary E. and Bertha, deceased; Mr. Young settled in this Co. in 1838 and en gaged in farming ; represented this Co. in the Legislature in 1868-'69 ; also has been Justice of the Peace for several years, both before and since his term in the Legisla ture ; also served two terms as Supervisor of this Co., and been prominently identi- fled ; he participated in the organization of the lynch company formed for the pro tection of their homes from thieves that infested the country at an early day. ZIGLER JACOB, laborer; Sec 32; P. O. Byron. 832 OGLE OOUNTT DIEEOTOET! SCOTT TOWNSHIP. AGNEW JAMES, farmer; Sec 8; P. O. Stillman Valley. Agnew John, Jr., farmer ; Sec. 3 ; P. O. Davis Junction. Agnew Wm. farmer; Sec. 3; P. O. Davis Junction. Alvin John, farmer; Sec. 83; P. O. Holcomb. Armour Wm. farm ; Sec 39 ; P. O. Holcomb. BAKER L. C. farmer ; Sec. 19 ; P. O. Still man Valley. BAKER T. H. Farmer; Sec. 31; P. O. Davis Junction; born in Niagara Co., N. Y., Feb. 6, 1834; married Sophia Forbes in March, 1853; she was born in Nov., 1838, and died in June, 1869; had two children, Walter H. and Francis T., who died May 30, 1861 ; his present wife, Eliza beth A. Leonard, was born in Conn. Aug. 13,1888; have one rhild, Bessie L., born April 30, 1876 ; Mr. B. came to this Co. in 1849, and settled on his present estate in 1854; owns 700 acres, valued at $35,000 ; both members Baptist Church; country was open prairie when became; is School Treasurer and otherwise prominently known in the Co. Barber Nelson, farmer; Sec. 10; P. 0. Davis Junction. Barrows R. M. Beach A. R. farmer; Sec. 39 ; P. O. Holcomb. BEACH BENONI L. Farmer; Sec. 39 ; P. O. Stillman Valley ; born in Ontario Co., N. Y., May 31, 1804; married Harriet M. Blakely; she was born in Franklin Co., Mass., Nov. 13, 1808; have had thirleen children, ten of whom are living: Hulda, Stephen A., Albert, Alpheus, William La fayette, Traphenia, Olive, Eliza J. and Martha; Stephen A. served in the war about three years and was honorably dis charged; have lost three: Oscar enlisted in 2d I. V. C, serving two years, and died after returning home ; Francis enlisted in 33d I. V. I., served two years and died at Vicksburg, and Alson, who died in 1855 ; Mr. B. came to this Co. and settled near his present estate in 1842 ; oc<;upied his present home in 1845 ; owns 240 acres ; in the organization of land into townships, Mr. B. served as Justice of the Peace, and has been prominently known throughout the Co. ; the country was wild aud unset tled when he came to this Co. ; Chicago was the only place for supplies, and to Beloit, Wis., to mill. Beach Wm. farmer ; Sec. 29 ; P. O. Holcomb. Bedford H. farmer; Sec. 35; P. O. Holcomb. Benson A. M. farmer; Sec. 11 ; P. O. Davis Junction. Benson Wm. farmer; Sec 85; P.O.Holcomb. Bigelow Nelson, farmer ; Sec. 14; P. O. Davis Junction. Bigalow W. K. farmer; Seo. 35 ; P. O. Davis Junction. BLACKMAN L. W. Farmer; Sec. 18 ; P. O. Davis Junction ; born in Genesee Co., N. Y., in 1846 ; married Olive Stevens in 1867 ; she was born in Chemung Co., N. Y., in 1844; have one child, Henry W., born Feb. 3, 1871 ; came to this Co. in 1858 and settled in Monroe Tp. with his father, Walter Blackman, an old settler; in 1861 he settled on his present estate, where he has since resided. BOIES ISRAEL, Director of Butter Factory; Sec 23; P.O. Davis Junction; bom in Hampden Co., Mass., in 1808 ; left that state when four years of age ¦with his parents and settled in Cortland Co., N. Y., where he resided until 1859, when he re moved to Lafayette Co., Wis. ; in 1865 he came to this state and settled in McHenry Co., where he first commenced dairy busi ness; in 1876 he came to this Co. and erected a factory at Byron, it being the first building of the kind in this Co. ; in the Spring of 1877 he settled in Davis Junction, and the company of which he is a director erected a commodious build ing for dairy facilities, and is doing a fair and prosperous business; the amount of butter manufactured from Aug. 1 to Feb. 1 was 20,000 pounds ; married Mary Ives in 1835 ; she was born in Cortland Co., N. Y., in 1813; have four children: Jane, William A., Catlierine and Walter R. ; lost four: Catherine, Clarissa, Harriet, Sarah. BRACE P. Hardware Merchant ; Davis Junction; born in Schuyler Co., N. Y., July 29, 1835 ; came to this state in 1860, and settled in Rochelle, where he was em ployed in the hardware business about two years, when he removed to Iowa and engaged in farming, returning to Rochelle after two years residence in that state ; in 1875 he came to this village and settled in business; has a fine stock of hardwai'e, and is prominently known aud identified with the interests of the town. Brooks J. W. farm ; Sec 25 ; P. O. Holcomb. Brotzman Charles, farmer; Sec. 27; P, 0. Holcomb. Brown Charles, farmer; Sec. 9; P. O. Davis Junction. Builthouse Joseph, farmer; Sec. 3; P. O. Davis Junction. BURDICK EMERY I. Carnage Maker and Blacksmith ; Davis Junction ; born in Genesee Co., N. Y., Nov. 31, 1847 ; married Levia C. Cole June 15, 1868 ; she was born in Milton, Rock Co., Dec 18, 1849 ; have one child, adopted, eight years SCOTT TOWNSHIP. 833 of age ; Mr. B. came to this country in 1863 and settled in Milton, Wis., where he resided one year, when he enlisted in the 33d W. V. I., Co. F, in 1868 ; participated in battles of Vicksburg, Jackson, Mobile, Black River, Pleasant Hill, Red River Campaign, Nashville; served under Sher man, Grant and Thomas, receiving an honorable discharge at the close of the war. In April, 1875, he settled in this village, forming co-partnership with James Wilson in the manufacture of carriages and blacksmithing; have built two shops to accommodate their business, and have also erected a fine dwelling and otherwise added to the gro'svth and prosperity of the place. CALWELL ALFRED, farmer; Seel; P. O. Davis Junction. Carmichael H. farm ; S. 30 ; P. O. Holcomb. CARMICHAEL PATRICK, Farmer; Sec. 7; P. O. Stillman Valley; born in Ireland Feb. 3, 1820 ; married Jane Graham in 1844; she was born in Canada in 1824; have eleven children: John, Mary J., Samuel T., Hugh, Eliza, James P., Aleck, and twins, William N. and Sarah, and Etta ; Mary J. married William Agnew, and lives near his estate; Samuel married Alida Taylor ; Ella married Elihu Agnew ; John married and settled in Iowa ; he enlisted in the 60 days' men, I. V. I., and was held in service 90 days ; Mr. C. came to this country in 1859, and settled in this Co. the same year; has been School Trustee and Road Commissioner; owns 120 acres, valued at $6,000 ; country was new when he settled, neighbors being some miles distant. Carmichael T. farm ; S. 20 ; P. O. Holcomb. Carr Lucius P. minister; Sec. 20; P. O. Still man Valley. CHESHIRE JOHN, Farmer; Sec. 36; P. O. Holcomb; born Sept. 8, 1823, in Hampshire Co., Va. ; came to White Rock in 1853, and settled upon his present farm in 1859 ; owns 320 acres, valued at $50 per acre ; married Lydia Champion March 13, 1859; she was born Sept. 27, 1830, in Can ada; had three children, one no'w living, Nina B., born July 18, 1864; he is a School Director; is a Republican. Cogwell M. farm; Sec. 25; P. O. Holcomb. COLWELL LEMUEL, Farmer; Sec. 1 ; P. O. Milford ; born in Frederick Md., Aug. 24, 1834; married Eliza Pell in 1870; she was born in England Feb. 18, 1844- have two children: Emily E., born April 7, 1872, and Bertha I., Sept. 3, 1875 ; came to this state in 1843, with his father, Benjamin Colwell, and settled in Cherry Valley, Wise Co., where he remained until 1856, when he settled on his present estate of 82^ acres; is District Director at the present time, having held that office for three years ; wife is a member of the Church of the Disciples ; this section was all prairie when he settled ; his estate had been taken up by a Chicago firm ; could travel in any direction. Cooley J. H. Sec. 34; P. O. Holcomb. CORCORAN JOHN, Farmer; Sec. 3; P. O. Milford: born m Ireland in 1816; married Bridget Rigney; she was born in Ireland in 1818: have eleven children: Bernard, Christopher, Catherine, Mary, Martin, John, Joseph, James, Bridget, Julia and Michael; lost one child in infancy; came to this country in 1855, stopping in N. Y. four and a half years, when he moved to Rockford, and finally settled in this Co., on his present estate of 160 acres and 483^ acres in Winnebago Co., valued at $8,830 ; there was but a shell for a house when he settled, and not a tree on the place ; the farm has been greatly im proved and is in good condition ; Bernard is married and living in Rockford ; Cath erine married Mark Henneberry and they reside in Chicago. CROSBY FREDERICK L. Farmer; Sec. 13; P. O. New Milford; born in Cheshire Co., N. H., in 1846; married Elizabeth Larmanie Feb. 30, 1868; she was bom in Ireland Nov. 39, 1848; have three children : Mary E., Clara M. and Anna, H. ; he came to this state in 1854, and settled in Rockford, where he re mained until 1868, when he settled on his present estate of 340 acres, valued at $14,400. DALEY FRANK, Farmer; Sec. 13; P. O. Davis Junction; born in Ireland, June 6, 1835 ; married Eliza J. Turley Dec. 16, 1865 ; she was born in Ireland June 6, 1840; they have one child; married and settled in Rockford ; came to this country in 1851, and settled in Herkimer Co., N. Y., where he engaged in farming until 1864, when he came to this Co. and settled on his present estate of 340 acres valued at $13,600 ; country was mostly prairie lands when he came here, yet was generally settled in his neighbor hood. DAKE DANIEL N. Farmer; Sec. 23; p. O. Davis Junction; born in Livingston Co., N. Y., in 1887; married Rebecca L. Traxler, daughter of Peter Traxler, one of the oldest settlers of this Sec; she was born in Canada in 1836; they have three children: Charles B, Clarence M. and George D. ; came to this state with his father, Benjamin Dake, in 1854, and settled in Marion, on what was then known as the Morley Place; at that time the country was entirely new, the prairie being broken only by the roads of the settlers ; Mr. D. owns a farm on the Sectional Road, consisting of 130 acres, and rents the farm he now occupies of 200 acres; both members of the Baptist Church. 834 OGLE COUNTT DIEEOTOET: DAKE WILLIAM W. Farmer; Sec. 7 ; P. O. Stillman Valley; born in Livings ton Co., N. Y., in 1881; married Rebecca N. Lowe Dec. 24, 1852 ; she was born in Livingston Co., N. Y., in 1829 ; they have two children : Florence A., born in 1856 ; Libbie, 1860 ; came to this Co. in 1845, and settled on his present estate in 1861 ; has 125 acres valued at $6,500 ; both members of Baptist Church ; held the office of Com missioner of Highways aud School Director ; the land south of his place was unimproved and sold for $2.50 per acre; his daughter Florence married William Dempsey, and is living in Neenah, Wis.; John H. Lowe, father of Mrs. D., aged 74 years, lives with his children, and is an old resident of Livings ton Co., N. Y. DAVIS HON. JEREMIAH, Farmer; Sec. 15; P. O. Davis Junction; whose portrait appears in this work, is the eldest son of Jeremiah R. Davis, who was born in Rensselaer Co., N. Y., Feb. 8, 1802 ; the subject of this sketch was born in Hornellsville, Steuben Co., N. Y., June 2, 1826 ; at the age of thirteen his father and family moved to Milton, Wis. (his father being one of the earliest settlers of that state) ; in 1850 Jeremiah went to Cal., where he engaged in mininguntil the Fall of 1851, when he returned to Milton, Wis.; in 1858 the Hon. Joseph Goodrich and Mr. D. became the principal founders of Mil ton Academy, having built and entirely supported that institution until its incor poration as a college July 2, 1867, and has continued a director to the present time ; this college is one of the foremost instituv tions in that state ; Mr. D. was engaged in mercantile pursuits in Milton until the Spring of 1858, when he moved to his present location in the Co., where he en gaged in farming, his family following the next Summer ; at the present time he owns and works a farm of 1,100 acres valued at $67,000; was Supervisor of this Tp. ten years, a member of the 27th General Assembly of Illinois in 1871-'2,-is Director of the Forest City Insurance Company of Rockford, Director of the Rockford National Bank, the largest stockholder west of Elgin, and within a few days Director of C. & P. R. R., Treasurer of Rock River Butter Factory, and founder of Davis Junction, which was laid out in May, 1875, at the crossing of the Chicago, Rockford & Northern and the Chicago & Paciflc R. R. ; married Jennie Goodrich in Milton. Wis., April 20, 1852 ; she was born in Alfred, Allegany Co., N. Y., Feb. 6, 1828 ; Mrs. D. is the daughter of Hon. Joseph Goodrich, founder of the Town of Milton, and one ofthe founders of Milton College, a lineal descendant of the sixth generation of .lohn Goodrich, who emi grated from 'England and settled in Wethersfield, Conn. ; they had eight chil dren; J. Milton, born in Milton, July 14, 1854; George Rudolph, in Milton, June 22, 1857, and died Oct. 6, 1857;' Alice Jennie, in Milton, Dec. 21, 1858; Henry Goodrich, in Milton Dec. 36, I860; Charles Ezra, in this Co., Sept. 23, 1863; Elbert Lincoln, March 10, 1866; Minnie Ella, July 22, 1869, died June 20, 1870 ; Mabel Jessie, July 29, 1874. Deckerman J. D. farm ; Sec 17 ; P. O. Davis Junction. Dempsey John, farm ; S. 33 ; P.O. Holcomb. Dempsey Robert, farm ; Sec. 33 ; P. 0. Davis Junction. Dempsey Wm. farm ; Sec. 23 ; P. O. Davis Junction. Dentler J. K. merchant; Davis Junction. Dickerman L. farm ; Sec. 18 ; P. O. Stillman Valley. DUNHAM L. CHAS, Blacksmith; Holcomb ; born in Tompkins Co., N. Y., in 1837; married Frances C. Wemple Dec. 25, 1865 ; she was born in Herkimer Co., N. Y., in 1829 ; have six children : Fran cis A., Emma B., Charles B., Henry A., and William Holcomb, named after the village; came to this state in 1848, and settled in Winnebago Co., where he learned his trade; with the exception of three years and a service in the Rebellion, he has been a resident of this Co.; enlisted April 14, 1861, in the 11th I. S. V., Co. D, three months' men, serving his time; again enlisted in August, '61, in 8th I. S. V., Co. L, and participated in 2d battle of Manasses, and seven days' battles, Malvern Hill, Fredricksburg, Beverly Ford, Cul pepper, and many others; served under McLellan, Burnside, Hooker, Mead, and others, until the close of the war, and was honorably discharged; in 1865 went to Iowa for two years, and in October, 1875, settled in this village, where he has since resided, engaged in his professional call ing. EGAN JOHN, Farmer ; Sec 25 ; P. O. Davis Junction ; born in Ireland, 1838 ; married Ellen McEvoy, widow of .loseph Coughlin,'in April, 1874; she was born in Ireland in 1831 ; have no children ; came to this country in 1861, and settled in this Co. the same year, being employed by A. Walker, one of the old settlers ; Mrs. E. came to this countrv in 1864, and settled in this Co. in 1868. " Eyster Cyi'us, farm; Sec. 33; P. O. Holcomb. P^AHAY MATHEW. Fay D. C. farm ; S. 3 ; P. O. Davis Junction. Foster J. D. farmer; Sec. 13; P.O.Davis Junction. Foster Johnson, farm : Sec. 13; P. O. Davis Junction. Poster Wm. L. farm; Sec 13; P. O. Davis Junction, SCOTT TO-WNSHlP. 835 Fox Edward, farmer; Sec 3; P. 0. Davis Junction. FRASER OEORGE W. Farmer; Sec. 35; P. O. Davis Junction; born in Oneida Co.,.N. Y., in 1835 ; married Sophia Nash in 1859 ; she was born in Steuben Co., N.Y., in 1837; have five children: Jefferson B., Marshall B., Howard E., Olive A. and Alta E. ; lost one child, twin to Alta, that died in infancy; Mr. F. came to this Co. in April, 1861, and settled near his present estate, and pur chasing the same year the farm he now occupies ; has 340 acres, valued at $20,000 ; part of his estate was prairie when he pur chased, but the country generally was im proved and under cultivation; holds the office of school trustee, and both are mem bers of the Methodist Church. Fraser Jeff. G. farm; Sec 35; P.O.Holcomb. Frantz T .P. mason ; Sec. 35 ; P. O. Holcomb. Freeman J. A. Friday Wm. GENDERS HENRY, farmer; Seel; P. O. New Milford. Gibson J. B. farm ; S. 11 ; P. O. New Milford. Gould D. W. farmer; Sec 24; P.O. Davis Junction. Grishord J. farmer; Sec. 35 ; P. O. Holcomb. Graham James, farmer; Sec. 13; P. O. Still man Valley. AIGHT S. F. farmer; Sec 9; P. O. New Milford. H Hains A., Sec 33 ; P. 0. Holcomb. Hain G. farmer ; Sec. 33 ; P. O. Holcomb. Harmon G. G. farm ; S. 38 ; P. O. Holcomb. Hastings P. E. merchant ; Holcomb. HAWN DANIEL J. Miller; Sec. 34; P. O. Davis Junction; born in Mont- f ornery Co., N. Y., Aug. 30, 1839 ; married 'oressa Pease Nov. 18, 1866 ; she was born in Parsonsville, Me., Sept. 16, 1849 ; have three children : Alice, born Dec. 11, 1869, Myra, Jan. 5, 1874, Minnie, April 13, 1876; came to this state in 1855 and settled in New Milford, Winnebago Co.; in Aug., 1863, enlisted in 74th I. S. C, Co. K; par ticipated in battles of Perrysville, Stone River, Mission Ridge, Resaca and other battles; was wounded at Hadairsville, May 17, 1863, and disabled from further service; was mustered out at Cairo, 111., and received an honorable discharge ; re turned to New Milford, where he remained until '67, when he came to this Co. and followed his profession until 1876, when he engaged in farming; has 170 acres, valued at $8,000. Hays H. farmer ; Sec. 33 ; P. O. Holcomb. Herron John. Hewitt J. farm ; Sec. 9 ; P. O. Davis Junction. Hickey J. farm ; S. 5 ; P. O. Stillman Valley. Hill M. J., M. D., Davis Junction. HILLS WILLIAM, Proprietor Junc tion House, Davis Junction; born in Washington Co., N. Y., in 1837 ; married Amy Carpenter Dec 5, 1850 ; she was born in Herkimer Co., N. Y., in 1825 ; have two children: William G. and Libbie, who married A. H. Gabel, and are residents of Utica, N. Y. ; Mr. Hills came to this Co. in Sept., 1876. and settled in this village ; rented the Junction House in Sept., 1877, and has conducted it successfully since that time ; his father, George Hills, is one of the oldest settlers of Washington Co., N. Y. Hoffman J. M., Sec, 2 ; P. O. Davis Junction. Hopkins Jerry, Justice of the Peace ; Davis Junction. Hotelling W. P. farmer; Sec. 8; P. O. New Milford. Hurd H. H.farm; S.8; P.O. Stillman Valley. I RELAND WILLIAM. TACKSON SETH, Farmer; Sec. 24; J P. 0. Davis Junction ; born in Schoharie Co., N. Y., Dec. 23, 1805 ; married Bricius Androus Jan. 25, 1836 ; she was born Aug. 4, 1810, and died Feb. 11, 1837; had four children : Sylvester S., born May 34, 1827 ; Andrew, April 11, 1830, Julia A., July 14, 1833, and died Jan. 13, 1846, Mary J., July 28, 1886, died Sept. 27, 1857; Betsy M. Crawford, second wife, was born March 9, 1805, and died Aug. 9, 1852 ; had two children : Saxton K., born Oct. 36, 1840, Catherine M., Nov. 34, 1842 ; his present wife, Mary Stillman, was born at West moreland, N. Y., Nov. 38, 1824; have three children : Wallace S., born Sept. 29, 1854, Henry E., Nov 5, 1857, Charlie B., Jan. 12, 1861 ; Mr. J. came to this Co. in 1854 and settled on his present estate of 97 acres, valued at $5,850 ; was Path Master some years, and is prominently known throughout the town; he broke the first track for the road passing his residence, which is the main thoroughfare between Rockford and RocheUe.; has often seen deer pass the road, and experienced all the hardships of pioneer life; in 1874 he with his sons erected a fine residence, in which they now reside ; Mrs. J. is a member of the Baptist Church. Jackson S. K. farm; Sec. 25; P. O. Davis Junction. Jackson W. farmer; Sec. 25; P. O. Davis Junction. Jenkins Henry, Sec. 1 ; P. O. New Milford. Johnson J. C. Sec. 26; P. O. Davis Junction. Johnson Peter, Sec. 26 ; P. O. Davis Junction. Jueal Elias, farmer. KEAST THOMAS, farm; Sec 34; P. O. Davis Junction. > 8S6 OGLE COUNTT DIEEOTOEYt KENDALL JOSEPH E. Merchant at Davis Junction; born in Kane Co., 111., 1846; married Mary Shields in December, 1867; have two children: Flora B. and Jennie M. ; Mr. K. enlisted in 1864, in 147th I. S. v., Co. F ; participated in battles of Chattanooga, Lookout Mountain, Atlanta, Resaca, and through the western cam paign, also with Sherman on his March to the Sea; mustered out at Savannah, Ga., receiving his discharge at Springfield, 111., at the close of the war ; came to this vil lage and settled in 1875, erecting the flrst store and dwelling on the principal street, where he has since followed his business with a large stock of groceries and drugs ; Mr. K. is a young man and growing up with the industries of the place. Kessler John, carpenter. Sec. 35; P. O. Hol comb. Kester John. Knott C. farmer; Sec 37; P. O. Holcomb. Knott C. F. farm ; Sec. 37 ; P. O. Holcomb. Knott Godfried, farm ; S. 37 ; P.O. Holcomb. Knott Hiram J. farm ; S. 37 ; P.O. Holcomb. Knott Valentine, farm; Sec. 10; P. O. Davis Junction. Knott Wm. farmer; Sec. 27; P. O. Holcomb. LETTS D. M. farmer; Sec. 27 ; P. O. New Milford. Letts Geo. farm ; Sec. 3 ; P. O. New Milford. Letts Wm. farm; Sec. 3; P. 0. New Milford. Laity George. MCALLISTER ALBERT, farmer; Sec 35 ; P. O. Holcomb. McCormick Jas. farm; Sec 13; P. O.Davis Junction. Mcdonough richard. Farm; Sec 3 ; P. O. New Milford ; born in Ire land in 1818; married Sarah J. Burwell October 3, 1841 ; she died Aug. 14,1853: had three children: Martha, Rachael and Allen ; married Mary E. Burwell March 14, 1858, and she died Oct. 3, 1868 ; had one child : Leon, born Nov. 10, 1859 ; his present wife, Almira Baird, was born in Sullivan Co., N. Y., in 1881 ; have one child: Clyde, born April 34, 1866; Mr. M. came to this Co. at an early day, hav ing lived in Vermont some years and in Canada, where he engaged in farming ; in 1850 he came to this Co. from that province, purchased his present estate of 80 acres, which was at that time govern ment land, the town being very sparsely settled. McPariand J. farm ; S. 1 ; P. O. New Milford. McQuirton John. Michael S. farmer; Sec 38; P. 0. Holcomb. MONAHAN MICHAEL, Farmer; Sec 13; P. O. Davis Junction; born, in Ireland in 1880; married Ellen McCor mick, at Rockford, in 1857 ; have ten chil dren : Annie, James, Eliza, Mary, Edward, Isaac, Frank, Charles, Gregory and Thomas ; came to this country in 1851 and settled in Staten Island, where he remained until 1856, when he came to this Co. and settled in Lynnville, remaining flve years, at which time he moved upon his present estate; has 300 acres, valued at $8,000; were but two houses on the road when he settled, and the country was all prairie; could go to Rockford, Rochelle, or Dement without passing a fence ; Mr. and Mrs. M. are members of the Catholic Church. Moody R. farm ; S. 33 ; P. O. Davis Junction. Moore B. E. farmer; Sees. 25 and 26; P. O. Holcomb. Morris A. laborer ; Holcomb. MORSE ELIJAH R. Farmer; Sec. 10; P. 0. Davis Junction; bom in Orange Co., Vt., March 6, 1820; mar ried Almira Lowell, who was born in Orange Co., Vt., June 6, 1820; have six children living: Jennie F., born Dec 17, 1847, wife of J. P. Eddy, Oscar B., September 35, 1851, Franklin E., June 30, 1833, Justin E., Dec. 21, 1855, Willet O., March 9, 1858, Minnie E., July 31, 1863 ; have lost two children : Martha C, wife of W. H. Wortman, born May 27, 1844, and died March 5, 1875, Aurie P., bom May 2, 1846, and died March 4, 1861; Mr. M. came to this Co. in 1854 and settled on his present estate of 2S'i acres, where he erected a small house for his accommo dation until he built in 1860-'6l; was mostly open prairie when he settled, there being but six or seven families in this quarter of the town ; is present Road Com- missioner, and held the office of Path Master and School Director ; Mrs. M. is a member of Methodist Church. Mower D. farmer ; Sec. 35 ; P. O. Molcomb. MURRAY JOHN, Physician; Hol comb ; born in Scotland March 4, 1825 ; married Elsia Elliot, at Nevada, Iowa, in Sept., 1878 ; she was born in Kane Co., 111., in 1841 ; have no children ; came to this State in Sept., 1850, and settled in DeKalb Co., where he practiced his pofession ; in 1863 established himself in this neighbor hood, and flnally settled in the Village of Holcomb, where he has erected a flne residence ; was one of the first settlers in the village, and is prominently known throughout the town ; John Elliot, father of Mrs. M., one of the oldest settlers in Kane Co., is at present with them. NASH ALFRED, Farmer; Sec 35; P. O. Davis Junction ; born in Oneida Co., N. Y., in 1889; married Adelaide Iverson in 1862 ; she was born in Norway in 1842 ; have three children : Helen A., Arthur E. and Walter D. ; came to this Co. with his father, Jeremiah Nash, in 1859, living with him until he was married, when he settled upon his present estate; has 140 acres, valued at $7,000. SCOTT TOWNSHIP. 8gf Nash C. farmer; Sec. 25; P. O. Holcomb. Nash J. farmer; Sec. 36; P. O. Holcomb. NASHOLD .TOHN J. Farmer; Sec. 12 ; P. O. New Milford ; born in Schoharie Co., N. Y., in 1840; married Robey Smith in 1862 ; she was born in Schoharie Co., N. Y., in 1840; have five children: Marion A., Ethel, Lena, Bertie and Henry S. ; lost one child : Orville, born in 1868 and died in 1872 ; came to this state in 1867 and settled in Rockford, remaining two years, when he moved to New Milford, where he lived until 1874, when he settled on his present place ; rents farm of 240 acres. NORTON ORLO W^. Farmer; Sec. 19; P. O. Stillman Valley; born in Gen esee Co., N. Y., in 1825 ; married Margaret Langtonin 1858 ; she died in July, 1862;had three children: Ada G, Mary L. and Chas. H. ; his present wife, Almira Carruth, was born in Genesee Co., N. Y., in April, 1830, and they were married in Sept., 1863; have three children: Harriet M., Arthur E. and Edna R. ; he is a member of the Methodist Church, and his wife of the Congregational ; came to this Co. in 1855 with his father, Gould G., who is still liv ing, and settled on his present estate; Gould H. Norton, a brother, served with some distinction in Co. A, 33d I. V. I. : was wounded by a spent ball at Vicks burg, and participated in many battles; there were but five houses in the Tp. when Mr. N. first settled, and these were located on the lines of the Tp. ; nearest market was LaSalle, 60 miles distant, and a small mill at the mouth of the Stillman; he has often been lost on the prairie when return ing home, and experienced all the vicissi tudes of pioneer life. PAPPER D. C. farmer ; Sec. 10 ; P. O. Davis Junction. Prentice John, farmer; Sec. 10; P. O. Davis Junction. RALPH HENRY, farmer ; Sec 25 ; P. O. Davis Junction. Revelle Wallace, farmer; Sec. 20; P. O. Still man Valley. Richardson Robert, Sr., farmer; Sec. 14; P. O. Davis Junction. RICHARDSON ROBERT, JR., Parmer ; Sec. 14 ; P. O. Davis Junction ; born in England in 1851 ; married Jessie Murdock in 1861 ; she was born in Scot land in 1842 ; have six children : Mary E., Clara G., Jennie J., Gertie B., Elizabeth, and Charles J. ; came to this country in 1852 and settled in Westchester Co., N. Y., where he remained until 1861, when he came to this state, and settled in Winne bago Co. ; in 1866 he came to this Co., and in 1871 settled on his present estate; owns 100 acres ; Mrs. R is a member of the Pres byterian Church, and Mr. R. is an Episco palian, but both attend the Methodist and Baptist Churches, they being the only religious denominations in this neighbor hood. RICE JOHN R. Farmer; Sec 15; P. O. Davis Junction; born in Madison Co., N. Y., in 1823; married Emaline Wilcox in 1856 ; she was born in Conn, in 1827 ; have two children : Loyal E., born in 1857, and Clarence B., in 1860 ; have lost three children : Freddie, 5 years old ; Willie, 18 months, and an infant not christened ; Mr. R. came to this state in 1853, living one year in McHenry Co., one year in Boone Co., and in 1860 settled in this Co. ; owns 160 acres, valued at $10,000 ; wife is amemberof the Methodist Church; when he came there were no houses be tween his and the Kilbreck, three miles distant, the country being new and un settled. Rumelhort Joseph, farmer; Sec. 10; P. O. Davis Junction. Runion L. C. farmer; Sec 4; P. O. Stillman Valley. SHEAFF JOSEPH, Farmer; Sec 34; P. O. Holcomb; born in Clark Co., O., April 28, 1838; married Caroline Withersline ; she was born in Oneida Co., N. Y., in 1854; have no children; came to this Co. in 1855, and settled on his present estate of 400 acres valued at $25,000, which is under good cultivation; Mr. S. was the very first settler in this section, the nearest house we?t being one and a half miles distant; his residence is located near the central part of the Village of Holcomb, with its broad acres surround ing it ; this village has attained its present growth in a few years, and presents a thrifty appearance. SHEAFF PETER, Farmer; Sees. 31 and 32; P. O. Holcomb; born in Cayuga Co., N. Y., in 1829 ; married Katie Fox in Beloit, Wis., in 1866 ; she was born in N. Y. in 1848 ; have two children, Charles R. and Libbie I. ; lost two children, twins, in 1871 ; he came to this Co. in 1852, and settled in the Town of Rockvale, where he remained about 4 years, removing to Oregon, where he spent 18 months; in Sept, 1861, enlisted in Co. A, 2d I. V. C. ; participated in the battles of Ft. Don elson, Shiloh. Corinth and Vicksburg; from Vicksburg his command went to New Orleans and Brashear City, in the Teche country; was also with Banks' ex pedition up the Red River ; served three years ; mustered out at Baton Rouge, La. ; owns a farm of 240 acres, valued at $12,000 ; is at present Commissioner of Highways, and prominently known in the Co. ; his father, John Sheaff, came here at an early day, and purchased about 8,000 acres, a portion of which was divided among his 8SS OGLE OOUNTT DIEEOTOET 1 children, after which he returned to Ohio, where he resided. SHEAFF SIMON, Stock Raiser; Sec 31; P. O. Holcomb; born in Cayuga Co., N.' Y., in 1826; married Elizabeth A. Chaney, daughter of Phineas Chaney, in 1853 ; she was born in Bureau Co. in 1836 ; have four children : John P., born Feb. 14, 1854; DoraM., Dec 4, 1860; Joseph C, Aug. 7, 1862, and Alice, Nov. 4, 1872 ; came to this Co. in 1851 and settled ou his present estate of 760 acres, valued at $40,000 ; has followed stock raising since his settlement with success, feeding the first stock that was raised in Scott Co. ; was Road Commis sioner some years. Simons George, farmer ; P. O. Holcomb. Simons Henry, farmer ; Sec. 15; P. O. Davis Junction. Simons John, farmer; Sec. 10; P.O.Davis Junction, Singleman John, farmer; P. O. Holcomb. Smith Geo. farmer; Sec. 34; P. O. Holcomb. Smith Joseph, farmer ; Sec. 8 ; P. O. Davis Junction. Smith Wm. farmer ; P. O. Davis Junction. Storey John, farmer; Sec. 5; P. O. New Milford. Story Wm. farmer ; Sec. 5; P. O. Stillman Valley. T AYLOR S. G. Sec. 28; P. O. Holcomb. Tilton Peter, farmer; Sec. 20; P. O. Stillman Valley. Timm Fredk. farmer ; Sec. 33 ; P.O.Holcomb. Timm John, farmer ; Sec 33 ; P.O. Holcomb. Timm John F. farm ; Sec. 38 ; P.O. Holcomb. Tucker S. S. farmer ; Sec. 25 ; P. O. Davis Junction. WADE WILLIAM W. Farmer; Sec. 28 ; P. O. Davis Junction ; born in Worcester Co., Mass., Nov. 1,1833; mar ried Triphena R. Beach in 185'7 ; she was born in Oanandaigua Co.,N. Y.,Oct. 3, 1838 ; have two children : Mary M., born July 18, 1859, and Bell C, April 5, 1861 ; came to this Co. in 1854 and settled on his pres ent estate ; has farm of 80 acres, valued at $5,000; has been member of church for many years, but not at present identified with any denomination ; was Road Com missioner three years ; land sold at $5 per acre when he settled, and the CQuntry was new ; were no fences between Milford and Rockford, and was nothing unusual to get lost on the prairies. Walker Alex, farmer ; Sec. 19 ; P. O. Stillman Valley. WALKER ARCHIBALD A. Farmer ; Sec. 34 ; P. O.Davis Junction; born in Rock Island Nov. 15, 1830 ; mar ried Ester S. Denison March 39, 1847 ; she was bom in Plainfield, Conn., in 1833; have three children : Julius A., George G. and Flora B. ; lost one child, Mary F., died Sept. 10, 1854 ; came to this state in 1853 and seltled in Lynnville, where he re mained two years, when he settled in this town, living in a log hut near his present estate; has 173 acres, valued at $8,000; both members of Congregational Church ; when he settled in this Tp. land sold for $3.50 per acre, the same soil now being worth from $50 to $70. Walker John, farmer; Sec. 34; P.O.Davis Junction. Weed Wm. farmer; Sec 5; P. 0. New Mil ford. White James D. farmer; Sec. 17; P. O. Still man Valley. White W. R. farmer; Sec. 17; P. O. Stillman Valley. WILBUR ALBERT, Farmer; Sec 19 ; P. O. Stillman Valley ; born in Oneida Co., N.Y. ; Aug. 4, 1811; married Lucretia Broadwell io 1840; she was born in Oneida Co., N. Y., Feb. 3, 1816, and died Oct. 10, 1873; has three children living: Charles H., Francis E. and Hattie J. ; has lost three children: Felia, died Feb. 16, 1844; Caroline, July 30, 1853; William, Dec. 31, 1846; Mr. W. came to this state in 1835, traveling by canal to Buffalo, to Detroit by steamer, and from that point to Chicago by stage, the journey occupying eleven days ; driving near the hotel the stage sank deep in the mud, and planks were laid for passengers to walk to sound bottom; this hotel was located where the Tremont House now stands, being a two-story log house, sleeping arrangements being straw spread upon the floor; did most of his marketing at Chicago, and milling at Grand de Tour, twenty miles distant; a daughter of Campbell of the Driscoll affair was living with Mr. W. at the time of her father's death ; Mr. W. first settled in Joliet, where he remained four years, moving to Byron, in this Co., where he was appointed Postmaster, which position he filled ten years, the entire time of his residence in that place ; has been Justice of the Peace for the past thirty-nine years, and Public Administi-ator for twenty years, and otherwise identifled with the interests of the Co. ; has farm of 460 acres. Wilber C. H. farmer ; P. O. Stillman Valley. WILSON JAMES, Carriage Manu facturer and IBlacksmith; Davis Junction; born in Canada in 1851 ; married Cornelia Story at Kishwaukee, Oct. 16, 1872 ; she was "born in Milford, Winnebago Co., in 1849; they have lost one child, Mabel, born May 23, 1874, and died Oct. 16, 1875 ; Mr. W. came to this state in 1869 and settled in Kishwaukee, where he em barked in the business of his profession ; in 1875 settled in this village, where he SCOTT TOWNSHIP. 839 entered into co-partnership with B. I. Burdick in the business of carriage making and blacksmithing, and has con tinued with this flrm since that time ; Mr. W. has a dwelling and 2J^ acres of laud in Kishwaukee valued at $1,000; also has erected a flne dwelling in this place, near the central part of the village, and the flrm own their manufacturing houses ; probable value of his house $1,000 ; Mrs. Wilson is daughter of John Storey, one of the oldest gettlers of this Co. Witherstine E. farmer; Sec. 23; P. O. Davis Junction. WOODWORTH D. H. Carpenter; Holcomb ; born in Schoharie Co., N. Y., in 1823; mai'ried J. F, Daugherty Feb. 8, 1874; she was born in Penn. in 1831 ; they have no children ; came to this state in 1855, and settled in DeKalb Co., where he remained eight years ; in 1868 he moved to Rochelle, where he resided until 1872, when he settled in this village, and where he is engaged in his profession. WORTMAN MARCUS. Farmer; Sec 11; P. O. New Milford; born in Mercer Co., Pa., in 1859 ; married Fidelia Millen in March, 1873 ; she was born in New Milford; they have four children: Dora, Rionere, Renat and Mabel ; came to this Co. in 1855, with his father, Samuel Wortman, and settled in Boone Co, re maining about flve years, when he re moved to this Co., living near the Kill- buck ; in 1868 his father removed to Rock ford, when he settled on his present farm, which he rents of his father ; has 80 acres ; his boyhood life is filled with the vicissi tudes of early pioneer life. YELDEN JOHN, farmer; Sec 5; P. O. Stillman Valley. Yelden S. G. farmer; Sec. 5; P. 0. Stillman Valley. YOUNGS GEORGE, Farmer; Sec. 31; P. O. Stillman Valley; born in Cleve land, O., March 16, 1830; married Mary B. Carrington in this Co. in 1848 ; she was born in Canada West, Oct. 9, 1832; they have three children: Leonora, Ida and Jennie; have lost two children : George A., born May 24, 1856, died Jan. 18, 1857; Frankey, March 8, 1854, died April 24, 1865; Ida married William T. Pazzant, and resides in San Francisco, Cal. ; Mr. Y. is of English descent, and came to this Co. with his father, Thomas O. Youngs, and settled on his present estate, at that time •called White Rock Grove, it being the first settlement in this Tp. ; Henry James, a Kentuckian, had settled on this land, and the claim was purchased from him ; a log hut was erected, which was their home for some years; went to Chicago for market, and to Beloit, Wis., for milling, thirty-flve miles distant; full details ofthe Driscoll affair are given by Mr. Y., he being one of the participators ; was also one of the number that formed companies and patrolled the country for blacklegs; has carried a revolver in his belt while plow ing, and slept constantly in the barn nights to guard his stock ; the experiences related by Mr. Y. of his pioneer life are interest- ing. Youngs T. C. farmer; Sec. 11 ; P. O. Davis 1 Junction. 841:0 OGtE dOUN*T DtEEOtOEt; ; BYRON TOWNSHIP. A NDREW8 GEORGE P. Apgar Conrad, carpenter; Byron. Armstrong E. rents farm; S. 33; P.O. Byron. Armstrong Wm. Sec 18 ; P. O. Byron. Artz W. F. druggist and physician ; Byron. Austin H. C. farmer; Sec. 36; P. O. Byron. Ayres T. G. farmer; P. O. Byron. B ABCOCK E. R. laborer; Byron. Ball Frank, poultry dealer ; Byron. Barker F. A. merchant; Byron. BARRICK DANIEL, Farmer; Sec 7; P.O.Byron; born in Perry Co., Pa., Dec. 8, 1889 ; came to Byron, Ogle Co., 111., in 1851 ; married Jan. 38, 1878, to Margaret E. Wray, who was born in Perry Co., Pa., March iO, 1845 ; have two children : Annie E., born June 38, 1875; D. Wray, March 6, 1877 ; owns farm of 101 acres, valued at $5,000. Barrick Jacob, farmer; Sec. 7; P. O. Byron. Barry Andrew D. farmer; P. O. Byron. Barry J. pump and windwill dealer ; Byron. Barry Jno. farmer; Sec. 37; P. O. Byron. Barry John H., Jr., pump and windmill dealer ; Byron. Bebb B. farmer ; Sec. 3 ; P. O. Fountaindale. Beekman J. C. minister ; Byron. Birch Levi, farmer; Sec. 16; P. O. Byron. Bickford I. B. Methodist minister; Byron. Bickford T. blacksmith ; S. 35 ; P. O. Byron. Bird Levi, Sr., farmer; P. 0. Byron. Bird Levi, Jr., rents farm ; P. O. Byron. Birden D. C. farmer; Sec. 11; P. O. Byron. Blount Jos. physician ; Byron. Bollinger W. J. hardware ; Byron. Boon Geo. railroad contractor ; Byron. Bowles J. G. livery man ; Byron. Bowie Robert. Buck M. carpenter; Byron. Bull M. P. farmer; Sec. 1. Bullock G. M. farmer, Seo. 11 ; P. O. Byron. Bunn Wm. C. farmer ; P. O. Byron. Burch C. E. Burch L. B. farmer; Sec. 17; P. O. Byron. Burch Wm. M., Byron. Burke Jeffrey, renter ; Sec. 13 ; P. O. Byron. Burke Patrick, farmer; Sec. 8; P. O. Byron. Bradley Michael, farmer ; P. O. Byron. Brewster M. S. farmer; Sec. 1. Brown W. D. blacksmith ; Byron. Brownlow James, laborer ; Byron. r^AIN JUSTICE H.' carpenter; Byron CAMPBELL A. O. Byron; born in Bradford Co., Pa., July 38, 1809 ; came to 111. July, 1836, locating in what was then known as Bloomingville Precinct, now Byron Tp. ; married Aug., 1835, to Celinda M.Foster; wife deceased March 11, 1838; married second wife,Blmira Brewster, who was the mother of two sons; the elder, Wm. P., enlisted in the 93d I. V. I. ; he was killed at Powder Springs, Ga.; the younger, D. H. Campbell, is now at home in business; Mrs. C. died Dec. 38, 1865; Mr. Campbell again married Mrs. Lucy C. York, his present wife ; Mr. Campbell has held the offices of Justice of the Peace and Supervisor for several years. CAMPBELL D. H. Dealer in Staple and Fancy Dry Goods, Notions, etc. Gro ceries, Hats, Caps, Boots and Shoes; Byron; was born June 8, 1845. Campbell Jas. farmer ; Sec. 14 ; P. O. Byron. Carnor John, laborer ; Byron. Carter Peter, lawyer ; Byron. Carter Thos. farmer; Sec. 13; P. O. Byron. Catanach James, ferryman ; Byron. Catanach John, ferryman ; Byron. Christopher John G. wagon maker; Byron. Cole R. W. stone quarry, Byron. Coleman D. farmer; Sec. 12; P. O. Bjnron. Coleman John. Calver Harry, Byron. Cook Eli, laborer ; Byron. Cook Joseph, laborer; Byron. Cook Thomas H. teamster; Byron. Coolbaugh J. B. laborer ; Byron. Coolbaugh Moses, stone mason. Cooling F. W. farm; Sec 34; P. O. Byron. Cornwall T. H. physician ; Byron. Craig Stewart, farm; Sec. 6; P. O. Byron. Cullerton Chas. farm; Sec. 3; P. O. Byron. Curry Elias. DAVIS JOHN C. Farmer; Sec. 24; P. O. Byron ; born in England July 31,1834; came to 111. in Nov., 1841, set tling in Winnebago Co., where he lived twelve years ; he then removed to Ogle Co. in 1858 ; married May 10, 1855, to Julia A. Hall; have six children; Mr, Davis owns a farm of 200 acres, valued at $8,000. Davis W. H. tin peddler ; Byron. DeWolf H. F. farm; P. O. Byron. Dodds Wm. T. traveling salesman ; Byron. Donahoe Patrick, Byron. Donovan Michael, plasterer; Byron. BTEON TO-WNSHIP 841 Donovan William. Doughty Benj. farm; Seo. 18; P. O. Byron. Doughty John, farm ; Sec. 11 ; P. O. Byron. Doughty William, farm ; Sec 2 ; P. O. Byron. Dreman William, farm ; Sec. 10 ; P. O. Byron. DDY GEORGE, retired farmer ; Byron. E Elliott John L. farmer; P. O. Fountaindale. Elsing Andrew, carpenter ; Byron. Ercanbrack Wm. farm ; Sec 31 ; P. 0. Byron. Evans Ezra H. farm ; Sec. 39 ; P. O. Byron. F IRIAN JOHN, farmer; Sec 1; P.O. Byron. FISHER CHARLES, Farmer; Sec 35; P. O. Byron; born in Westborough, Worcester Co., Mass., July 31. 1818 ; came to 111. in June, 1838, settling in Byron; married Nov. 10, 1850, Harriet N. Sauls- bury, who was born in Townsend, Wind ham Co., Vt., Aug. 3, 1837 ; have seven children, four daughters and three sons ; owns farm of 164 acres, valued at $13,000. Fitch Josiah H. farm; Sec. 23; P. O. Byron. Flaherty John, section boss ; Byron. Flaherty Morgan, section hand ; Byron. ¦pLICK SAMUEL, express driver ; Byron. FOSS O. F. Barber; Byron; born in Strafford, Strafford Co., N. H., Sept. 30, 1887; removed to Crestline, Ohio, in 1855; remained there two years ; then went to Columbus, Ohio, remaining there till the war broke out, in 1861, when he enlisted in Co. A, 3d Battalion, 18th U. S. Infantry; served three years, and was discharged on Lookout Mountain, Tenn., Oct. 34, 1864; came to Boone Co., 111., the same year, where he married Emily S. Brayton. Fox Geo. harness maker ; Byron. GITCHELL HIRAM, farmer; Sec 15; P. O. Byron. Gill Brook T. carpenter ; Byron. Goliher R. farmer; Sec. 30; P. O. Byron. Goodale Geo. hotel proprietor ; Byron. Gorman W. farmer; Sec. 36; P. O. Byron. Gravelin D. U. hotel proprietor; Byron. Grove J. L. farmer ; Byron. Grove W. A. carpenter ; Byron. TTACKETT JOHN. HALL CHAS. L. Farmer; Sec. 30; P O Byron ; born in Hatley, Stanstead Co., "p. Q., Sept. 3, 1838; came to 111. in March, 1851, locating in Byron ; enlisted Sept. 16, 1861, in the 8th I. V. C; mus tered out July 17, 1865 ; married Feb. 22, 1866, to Miss Maria Rood; family consists of three children, two daughters and one son; O'wns farm of 150 acres, valued at $10,000. HALL WRIGHT C. Farmer; Sec. 7 ; P. O. Byron ; bom in Hatley, Province of Quebec, Dec. 14, 1839 ; came to Rock ford, Winnebago Co., 111., in 1853, resid ing there two years ; then removed to Ster ling, Whiteside Co. ; came to Byron, Ogle Co., in March, 1857; married June 39, 1854, to Ellen Hodges, who was born Oct. 39, 1883, in Vienna, Oneida Co., N. Y. ; has six children, one son and flve daugh ters; owns farm 230 acres, valued at $10,500. Hamaker A. farmer; Sec 18; P. O. Byron. Hamaker Adam, farm ; S. 18 ; P. O. Byron. Hamaker H. farmer; Sec. 18; P. O. Byron Hamaker J. farmer; Sec. 18; P. O. Byron. Hapgood J. H.Jcai'penter; Byron. Harrison A. farmer ; Sec. 10 ; P. O. Byron. Hartt John, laborer; P. 0. Byron. HA^WKS G. WELLINGTON, Editor and Publisher of the Byron Times ; was born in Oswego Co., N. Y., in 1831; came to 111. in 1841, settling in Wheeling, Cook Co. ; entered the Rock River Con ference of the M. E. Church in 1864; located in Byron in 1877. Hawthorne Judson W. clerk ; Byron. Ha-wthorne Wm. railroad employe ; Byron. Hays William. Helen John H. carpenter ; Byron. Hench John H. farmer; Sec. 11; P. O. Fountaindale. Henry A. L. Hetrick Allen W. agr. imp. dealer ; Byron. Hetrick Jacob, farmer; Sec. 13; P. O. Byron. Hewitt Amberson, blacksmith ; Byron. Hewitt Edward, printer ; Byron. Hewitt Elmore, farmer ; Sec. 20 ; P. O. Byron. Hewitt N. J. butcher; Byron. Higgins Wm. farmer ; Sec. 84 ; P. O. Byron. HOADLEY G-. F. Byron; Dentist; born in Lynnville, Ogle Co., June 26, 1851 ; married Nov. 9, 1871, to Jennie A. Reynolds, who was born Sept. 28, 1851 ; they have three sons. Hogan D. farmer ; Sec. 22 ; P. O. Byron. Hogan John, farmer ; P. O. Byron. Hogan John E. farmer; P. O. Byron. Hogan P. farmer; Sec. 14; P. O. Byron. Housewort J. C. livery man ; Byron. Howe C. E. Hough Homer D. harness maker ; Byron. Hoyt Wm. A., Byron. Hunt J. H. farmer; Sec. 19 ; P. O. Byron. Hunter Chas W. I VBS JOHN, farmer; Sec. 14; P. O, Byron. 842 OGLE COUNTT DIEEOTOET: TACKMAN B. F. lumber dealer; Byron. Jarver A. A. farm ; Sec. 18 ; P. O. Byron. Jehl Joseph, wagon maker ; Byron. John Franklin, laborer; Byron. Johnson Charles E. Johnson Thomas L. plasterer ; Byron. JOHNSTON AMZI A. Farmer; Sec. 23 ; P. O. Byron ; born in Richland Co., O., Dec. 3 ; 1821 ; came to 111. in 1837, settling in Ogle Co. in 1837; married Nov. 14, 1849, Alma Miller, who was bom in Anns ville, Oneida Co., N. Y., March 6, 1830; have four sons and one daughter; he owns a farm of 4133^ acres, valued at $20,750. Johnston Fred. D. farm ; Sec. 28 ; P.O. Byron. JOHNSTON LUCILDA H. Sec. 23; P. O. Byron; widow of the late Augustus T. Johnston, who was born in Richland Co., O., Nov. 19, 1819; he came to Byron, Ogle Co., in 1837, and settled on Sec. 23, being one of the earliest settlers of the Co. ; married Nov. 10, 1850, Lucilda H. Copeland, who was born in Chester, Chester Co., Pa., Dec. 1, 1825; the father of Mrs. J. came to 111., settling in Byron Tp., Sept. 24, 1871 ; she has two sons and four daughters; owns farm of 330 acres, valued at $11,000. KELLBY PATRICK, farmer; Sec. 30; P. O. Byron. Kelsey B. furniture dealer ; Byron. Kendall F. R. farm; Sec. 33; P. O. Byron. Kendall Jno. E. farm; Sec. 11; P. O. Byron. Kendall S. B. farm; Sec. 32; P. O. Byron. Kenedy Harvey, merchant; Byron. Kenedy Jno., Sr., farm ; Sec 17 ; P. O. Byron. Kenedy Jno., Jr., farm ; Sec. 17 ; P. O. Byron. Kenedy Martin, farm ; Sec 17 ; P. O. Byron. Kidder Silas, farm ; Sec 10 ; P. O. Byron. KNOWLTON I. S.. Nurseryman and Fruit Grower; Sec 30; P. O. Byron; born in New Fane, Windham Co., vt., Jan. 29, 1815 ; came to 111. in May, 1838, settling in Byron Tp., where he now resides; mar ried in Ashburnham, Mass., Aug. 16, 1842, Miss Hephsibeth C. Fisk ; have three chil dren, two sons and one daughter ; Mrs. K. died June 10, 1863 ; married second wife, Mary F. Cochrain, daughter of David Hagadon, of Mayfleld, Fulton Co., N. Y. ; she was born Jan. 7, 1883. Knowlton W. H. nursery; S. 30; P. O. Byron. Kosier George, carpenter ; Byron. Kosier John S. carpenter ; Byron. Lagrange Wm. La Perue Joseph, farmer; P. O. Byron. Leary Moses, farmer; Sec. 37; P. O. Byi'on. Leaiy Thomas, farmer ; Sec. 37 ; P. O. Byron. Leary William, farm; Sec 27; P. O. Byron. Lindsey John B. Linn Daniel D. farm; Sec 24; P. O. Byron Linn E. B. farmer; P. O. Byron. Linn James C. Linn J. Ross, farmer; Sec 7 ; P. 0. Byron. Linn Samuel K. farmer; P. O. Byron. Linn Thos. P. farmer; Sec. 8; P. O. Byron. LOCKIVOOD WM. Farmer; Sec. 35; P. O. Byron; was born in Erie Co., Ohio, Dec. 3, 1816; came to Byron, Ogle Co., in 1840 ; married Oct. 9, 1845, to Eliza Wood, who was born June 20, 1818 , have family of four daughters ; owns farm of 154 acres valued at $11,000. Love James, farmer; Sec. 6; P. O. Byron. Love Joseph. A/TcADAMS WILLIAM. McDowell C. P. roalroad employe, Byron. McGregor A. farmer ; Sec. 11 ; P. O. Byron. McGregor John, farm ; Sec. 2 ; P. O. Byron. McGregor Thos. farm ; Sec. 11 ; P. O. Byron. Main Emerson B. Main Jacob C. Main Napoleon. Martin James, railroad engineer; Byron. Martin Lewis C. liveryman; Byron. Martin Orlando, liveryman ; Byron. Merchant O. W. liveryman ; "Byron. Mershon Jay, cldrk ; Byron. Miller George, laborer ; Byron. Mi iler Luther, Byron. Mitchell Andrew, farmer; P. O. Elida. Mitchell Geo. farmer; Sec. 19; P. O. Byron. Mix Hiram, railroad employe ; Byron. MIX S. ST. JOHN, Postmaster; Byron ; born at Catskill, Greene Co., N. Y., Oct. 8, 1799, and came to 111. in 1835, set tling in Byron one year later. When he flrst came to the Rock River country there were only two or thi'ee log houses at Dixon, and about the same number in Rockford, and only three on the road between the two places, a distance of forty miles. Asa G. Spaulding was the first postmaster at Byron, and Mr. Mix succeeded him, being appointed under the administration of James K. Polk, officiat ing many years. Was again appointed under Abraham Lincoln, some fourteen or flfteen years "since, and still occupies the office. In early times, the people took trains going to Dixon (25 miles) to get their mail, and it was no uncommon sight in those days to see roving bands of Indi ans, numbering from 20 to 80, passing up and down Rock River, either on ponies or in canoes. After the organization of the Co., in 1830, he was one of the three com missioners elected, and court was held alternately at Dixon in a school-house, at Oregon in a little store, and at Buffalo BTEON TOWNSHIP. 843 Grove in a log house. After the expira- tiou of his term as commissioner, was elected school commissioner. Mr. Mix was married in 1837, to Eleanor Mix, and had twelve children, seven of whom have since died, as also has Mrs. Mix. Of the children, Adelaide was born Jan. 30, 1886, and is now the wife of Wm. I. Whitaker, residing one and a half miles north of Byron; Samuel H., Nov. 39, 1839, lives at Black River Palls, Wis.; Hiram, July 16, 1843, and Wm. H., April 21, 1846, both re side in Byron ; Ernest, the youngest, born July 25, 1848, lives in Chicago. Mr. Mix, ¦ although nearly 79 years of age, still re tains his faculties in a most remarkable degree, and, although living on " borrowed time," bids fair to outlive many who have looked upon him as a relic of by-gone days. MIX WM. H. General Merchandising and Postal Clerk on Chicago & Cedar Rapids R. W. P. O. ; born in Byron April 21, 1846 ; married Dec. 19, 1867, to Lois Addie Osborn, of Byron; one daughter. Morris Asaph, farmer ; Byron. Morris Wm. farmer; Byron. Mueller John, boot and shoe dealer ; Byron. Murray Wm. C. physician ; Byron. T^ ALLEY JEREMIAH. NEGUS ALFRED J. Proprietor of Rosehill Creamery; Sec. 30; P. O.Byron; born in England May 2, 1851 ; came to 111. in Feb., 1874; married Aug. 7, 1876, to Katie I. Houghton ; have one son. Netrow Jacob, farmer ; Sec 3; P. O. Byron. Nichols J. E. N61an Jas. farmer; Sec. 3; P. O. Byron. Norton I. W. farmer; Sec. 30; P. O. Byron. Norton Perry, farmer ; Sec. 39 ; P. O. Byron. Nott Edgar A. clerk ; Byron. O'MALEY THOMAS, farmer; Sec 3; P. O. Rockford. "pACKARD F. L. thresher; P.O.Byron. Parker Robt. laborer ; Byron. Parker L. P. farmer; P. O. Byron. Patrick Chas. H. painter; Byron. Patrick George T. capitalist; .Byron. Patton Daniel, farmer ; Sec 3. Porter Calvin, farmer; Sec 30; P. O. Byron. Porter John R. farmer ; Sec 30 ; P. O. Byron. READ TRYPHENA H. Widow of the late Lucius Read ; P. O. Byron ; Mr. Read was born Aug. 14, 1810, in New- fane, Windham Co., Vt. ; married, Nov. 33, 183l', to Emily N. Kimball, who died Dec. 15 1847; had three children, the eldest dying in infancy; they came to Byron, Ogle Co., 1837 ; married for second wife Tryphena H. Parsons, April 4, 1848 ; had four children by this marriage ; only one daughter now living, who is married to Dr. Wm. F. Artz ; Mr. Parsons was one of the early settlers of this Co., coming to Byron in 1837. Reed Thomas. Reid T. H. carpenter ; Byron. Ridley Joseph, laborer ; Byron. Riley Henry, laborer ; Byron. Riley Patrick, farmer; Sec. 35; P. O. Byron. Riley Thos. laborer; Byron. Roach Henry, farmer; Sec 10; P. O. Byron. Roach Patrick, farmer; Sec. 10; P. O. Byron. Robinson S. W. farmer ; Sec. 33 ; P. O. Byron. Robinson W. F. farm; Sec. 33; P. O. Byron. Rogers Junius, banker ; Byron. Rood Aaron, merchant ; Byron. Rood Alfred H. tinner; Byron. Rood Charles N. farm ; Sec. 39 ; P. O. Byron. Rood George, merchant ; Byron. Roselin Peter; stone quarry prop.; Byron. Rush Roger, farmer ; P. O. Byron. Ryan Jeffrey, farmer; Sec. 3; P. O. Byron. Ryan Michael, laborer ; Byron. Ryan Richard. O ANDERS S. C. merchant; Byron. Sanderson Robert A. farmer ; Sec. 39 ; P. O. Byron. Sanford E. J. music teacher ; Byron. Sanford James W. merchant ; Byron. Sanford John H. farmer ; Sec. 81 ; P.O.Byron. Schoonmaker David, farmer ; Sec. 29 ; P. O. Byron. Schrader Thomas, farmer; P. O. Byron. Scone James, farmer. Scone Patrick, farmer ; P. O. Rockford. Schott George, miller ; Byron. Scott Frank, farmer ; Sec 2. Seal Wm. farmer; Sec. 17; P. O. Byron. Sears George, blacksmith; Byron. Sensor Creil A. school teacher; Byron. Sensor George, carpenter; Byron. Sensor James R. merchant; Byron. Shehan Patrick, farmer; Sec. 1 ; P. O. B-yron. Shock N. S. laborer ; Byron. Sims Albert, farmer ; Sec. 12 ; P. O. Byron. Simms Daniel, farmer; Sec. 12; P. O. Byron. Sims David, farmer; Sec 12; P. O. Byron. Singer Joseph I. Sloan John, farmer; Sec 3; P. O. Byron. Sloan Wm. farmer ; Sec. 3 ; P. O. Byron. Smith Alexander, cooper ; Byron. Smith Asaph, farmer; Sec 36; P. O. Byron. Sii OGLE OOUNTT DIEEOTOET. Smith David, farmer; Sec. 1. Smith Elbridge F. farmer; Sec. 36; P. O. Byron. Smith Frank A. farmer; Sec. 4; P. O. Rock ford. SMITH HENRY A. Farmer; Sec. 25; P. O. Byron; born in Byron Tp. March 31, 1844; married Feb. 38, 1873, to to Miss Annie Carter ; Mr. Smith enlisted in the 132d Regt. I. V. I. for 100 days, serving until the Regt. was mustered out ; then enlisted in the 92d Regt. I. V. I. Feb., 1865 ; remaining until the close of the war ; Mr. Smith has a farm of 160 acres valued at $6,400. Smith James, drayman ; Byron. SMITH J. P. Farmer; Sec. 36; P. O. Byron ; born in Franklin Co., Mass., Feb. 26, 1817 ; came to 111. in 1889, settling in Byron 'Tp. on the farm on which he resides ; married in Centre Co., Pa., April 7, 1889, to Mary D. Gotshall ; they have four children, two of whom are married. Smith J. O. farmer; Sec. 36; P. O. Byron. Smith M. H. farmer; Sec 36; P. O. Byron. Smith Owen, farmer ; Sec. 36 ; P. O. Byron- Smith William. Smead George D. Snider John, mason ; Byron. Spaulding J. F. farmer ; Sec. 35 ; P. O. Byron. Spoor Labra C. tinner ; Byron. Sterns Ambrose, painter; Byron. Stevens William, stone mason ; Byron. STIRES GARRET, Stock Dealer; Byron ; born in Hunterdon Co., N. J., Oct. 13, 1849 ; came to Byron in 1856 ; Mr. Stires was a member of the Forest City Base Ball Club ; played in every match game for three years ; the last year of the organi zation traveling over 15,000 miles. Stires H. C. farmer; Sec 17; P. O. Byron. Stone Frank B. merchant ; Byron. Stone Joseph, farmer; Sec. 31; P. O. Byron. Stout Herbert, shoemaker ; Byron. Strang Calvin, farmer ; Sec. 17 ; P. O. Byron. Strang Blam, farmer; Sec 17; P. O. Byron. Strang Peter, blacksmith ; Byron. Stromuquest John, laborer ; Byron. Swan Ed. W. farmer; P. 0. Byron. TANNER CHARLES W. farmer; Sec 33; P. O. Byron. Thomas John S. laborer; Byron. Thompson A. B. railroad agent: Byron. Thompson E. W. painter ; Byron. Thompson Harvey, merchant; Byron. Throop Robert B. merchant; Byron. Titus Benj. F. farmer; Sec. 4; P. 0. Elida. Tomlinson W. H. farmer ; P. O. Byron. Trumbull Sebley D. teamster; Byron. Tanner Harry. Tyler James, Byron. T TNDBRWOOD M. H. la-svyer; Byron. Urey Harvey W. laborer ; Byron. TTANSTON DAVID, farmer; Sec 30; P. w , Byron. AGNER JOSEPH, farmer; Sec 3; P. O. Byron. WALTERS GEORGE, Dealer in and Agent for General Nursery Stock, Byron ; bom in Erie Co., N. Y., Sept. 14, 1833; moved to Monroe Co., N. Y., in 1834, residing there until 1858, when he came to Byron, where he has resided ever since. Watson R. T. grocer ; Byron. Wayland J. P. physician ; Byron. Weigle William, harness maker; Byron. Whalen Pat. farm; Sec. 10; P. O. Byron. Wheeler Joseph, renter; P. O. Byron. Wheelock Erastus, Byron. WHEELOCK FREDERICK A, Justice of the Peace, Notary Public, Real Estate and General Insurance Agent, Byron; born in Newfane, Windham Co., Vt., Aug. 10, 1833 ; came to Byron July 32, 1844; married Nov. 1, 1856, Miss Nora Sophia Spoor ; she was born near Buffalo, N. Y., March 18, 1885 ; have three daugh ters : Florence A., Carrie Belle and Nora Josephine. Erastus Wheelock was bom in Wardsboro, Windham Co., Vt., Dec. 19, 1819 ; went to N. Y. City in Nov., 1835, engaging in mercantile business until the war broke out; enlisted as a private sol dier and rose to the rank of Captain ; came to Byron in June, 1873 ; Erastus and Fred erick A. are sons ot the late Judge Henry Wheelock, long an old and respected citi zen of Ogle Co. Wickwire Roswell, farmer; Byron. Wing H. J. shoemaker; Byron. Wilson Jos. farm; Sec. 10; P. O. Byron. Winchester Henry, laborer ; Byron. Wood Asa, farmer. Wood Duane, blacksmith ; Byron. Wood Dudley, blacksmith ; Byron. Woodburn Allen, farm ; Sec 9 ; P. 0. Byron. Woodburn Fred. C. lawyer; Byron. Woodburn J. C. farm ; Sec. 9 ; P. O.Byron. Wortman S. G. railroad employe ; Byron. Wright Thomas, laborer ; Byron. YORK WILLIAM, furniture finisher; Byron. York Nelson H. mason ; Byron. tlNOOtN TOWKShIp, ait LINCOLN TOWNSHIP. A BELS GEORGE. Abels H. farmer; Sec. 6; P. O. Forreston. Abels John, farmer; Sec 8; P. O. Forreston. Abels Joseph, farmer; P. O. Forreston. Acker Daniel, tenant farmer ; P. O. Haldane. ALBERTS JOHN, Farmer and Stock Raiser ; Sec. 8 ; P. O. Forreston ; was born in Hanover Kingdom, Germany, Sept. 17, 1847 ; came to this Co. in 1857 ; has 120 acres, valued at $7,'^00; Republican; be longs to the Presbyterian Church; mar ried Geske Pommer, who was born in Hanover, Germany, April 18, 1855; have one child : Anna, born Oct. 15, 1877 ; en- listed in the 15th I. V. I., March 7, 1865. Alsip William, laborer ; Haldane. Ankney B. farmer; Sec. 24; P. O. Haldane. Arnold D. farmer ; Sec. 25; P.O.Maryland. Arnold J. D. mechanic ; Haldane. Artz Heniy, tenant farmer; P. O. Haldane. Avey Benjamin, Sec. 25; P. O. Mt. Morris. AVEY GEORGE, Retired Farmer; Sec 35 ; P. O. Mt. Morris ; born in Wash ington Co., Md., Sept. 28, 1809 ; came to this Co. in 1845 ; has 240 acres land, valued at $13,300; Republican; married Nancy Wheeler in 1839 ; born in Washington Co., Md., May 34, 1815; has four children living: Levi, born Feb. 15, 1841, Benja min I., Jan. 15, 1843, Josiah, Jan. 15, 1845, Martha S., Nov. 21, 1850 ; when he came to this prairie there were but two shanties on it ; slept on the floor four or flve weeks before his furniture came ; came in com pany of about sixty — the Newcomers, Wattses, Swingleys, Thomases, and several other of the early settlers; hauled his lumber from Chicago to build the house where he now lives ; used a store box for a table and cupboard ; Mrs. Avey was taken sick ; got a carpenter to make a bedstead ; many times has sat down to the table and the victuals would freeze before they got through their breakfast; lived in same house with Mr. Newcomer's people; to gether had thirteen children, and all slept in same bed. Avey Joseph, Sec. 25; P. O. Mt. Morris. BASSETT STEPHEN, farmer; Sec 37; P. O. Haldane. Billig Henry. BilUg J. farmer; Sec 15; P. O. Haldane. Billig S. farmer; Sec. 11; P. O. Maryland. Birdsell Simon H. merchant; Maryland. Bishe George. Boner Mike. Bovey M. retired fanner; P. 0. Mt. Morris. Bowers George. Brand Frank, farm ; Sec. 33 ; P. O. Polo. Brand W. H. Sec. 33; P. O. Polo. Brand Wm. farm ; Sec. 83 ; P. O. Polo. Brandner M. farm; S. 34; P. O. Maryland. Brandner U. farm; Sec. 24; P. O. Maryland. Brantner Jno. farm; Sec. 24; P. O. Maryland. Brantner Jos. farm ; Sec. 24 ; P. O. Maryland. BRANTNER MICHAEL, Parmer and btock Raiser; Sec. 34; P. O.Mary land; born in Boonsboro, Md., Aug. 34, 1816 ; came to this Co., Oct. 5, 1839 ; owns 194 acres land, valued at $11,640; is a Republican ; belongs to the United Breth ren Church ; when he flrst came to the Co. had only 373^ cents in his pocket; worked by the month for Mr. Coffman; made his furniture and tables from store boxes, and bedsteads from poles cut in the woods ; also made the shingles to cover his house; has hauled grain to Chicago ; made the trip in 18 days ; rained 12 days out of the 13; married Mary Ann Phillips in 1845; have seven children living: Urias, born Aug. 14, 1847 ; Samuel, May 18, 1849 ; John, Aug 12, 1851 ; Joseph, Nov. 4, 1853 ; Jacob, Aug. 9, 1858 ; Alma, Jan. 14, 1861 ; Charles, Feb. 4, 1867. Brantner Samuel, Sec. 2; P.O. Maryland. Brown W. M. farmer; P. O. Maryland. Buisker Henry, farm; S. 22; P. O. Haldane. Buisker John, farm ; Sec. 7 ; P. O. Forreston. Buisker John, farm ; Sec. 6 ; P. O. Forreston. Buisker Toddie. Bull S. H. lumber dealer; Maryland. Burg Rev. John, preacher ; Haldane. Burk John, laborer. Burner John, farm ; Sec. 10 ; P. O. Haldane. Buss H. J. Buss H. K. Buterbaugh D. L. farm; S. 30; P.O. Haldane. Butterbaugh D. farm; S. 37; P. O. Haldane. Butterbaugh E. farm; S. 34; P.O. Maryland. Butterbaugh E.S. farm ; S. 26 ; P.O. Maryland. Butterbaugh H. farm ; S. 26 ; P. O. Haldane. CARMAN WALTER, farmer; Sec. 21; P. O. Haldane. Chaner John. Clymer John. Coffmann I. farm ; Sec. 28 ; P. O. Maryland. Coffman Selathial. Conrad Saml. farm ; Sec. 20 ; P. O. Haldane Cook Samuel. Cornecius W. Cosey Henry. 8i6 OGLE COUNTT DIEEOTOET : Creswell John. Cross Gaven, farmer. CURRY WARREN, Parmer and Stock Raiser; Sec. 27; P. O. Haldane; born in Tompkins Co., N. Y., Feb. 21, 1827 ; came to this Co. in the Spring of 1857; owns 160 acres of land, valued at $8,000; is a Greenbacker; has held the offices of Supervisor, Justice of the Peace and School Trustee ; takes a leading in terest in all the business of the town ; mar ried Mahalah Wilson in 1847 ; born Dec. 18, 1829; has seven children: Trulove, Amos, William. Daniel, James, Maggie and Warren; Mr. C. enlisted in 1864 in Co. D, 179th I. V. I. ; was in the Army of the Potomac in the Battle of Hatch's Run and at the surrender of Gen. Lee to Grant ; was also at the storming of Pt. Steadman ; left the army at Alexandria ; mustered out at Elmira, N. Y., in 1865. D ANNEN JOHN. Dennan C. farmer; Sec. 16 Deuth F. tenant farmer ; P. Devries F. farmer ; Sec. 9 ; Devries G. farmer ; Sec. 9 ; Devries J. M. farmer ; Sec. 9 Devries L. farmer ; Sec. 9 : Devries Lucas, farm ; S. 9 ; Didemus Henry. Diehl Elias, farm; Sec. 18; Diehl John, farm ; Sec. 15 ; Diehl Levi, farmer ; Sec. 22 Diethman William. ; P. O. Haldane. O. Haldane. P. O. Forreston. P. O. Forreston. P. O. Forreston. P. O. Forreston. P. O. Forreston. P. O. Forreston. P. O. Maryland. P. O. Maryland. E BRIGHT JACOB, farmer; Sec. 19; P. O. Haldane. Eichholtz Charles, farmer. EICHHOLTZ CHAS. S. Farmer and Stock Raiser; P. O. Haldane; born in Blair Co., Pa., Jan. 18, 1837; came to this Co. ^n Spring, 1856; Democrat; be longs to the Lutheran Church ; held the office of Alderman two terms in Polo; married Jennie Updegraff in Fall 1865; born in Northumberland Co., May 9, 1841 ; has three children : Harry St. Al mond, born Aug. 24, 1866, Levi Benton, Aug. 16, 1868, Idelette Pearl, April 21, 1875 ; he enlisted Sept. 18, 1863, in 93d I. V. I.; belonged to Kilpatrick's com mand ; was with Sherman on his march through Georgia; was in battles of Trienne, Chattanooga, Mission Ridge, Ringgold, Resaca, Atlanta and Browns ville ; was wounded in battle, at Atlanta, in the shoulder; also, at Bentonville, in the hip ; his father, Henry Bichholtz, came from Blair Co., Pa., in 1856; owned 333 acres, valued at $20,000 ; Mr. C. S. Bich holtz is now in Wichita, Sedgwick Co., Kansas, EVERSOLE DANIEL, Farmer and Stock Raiser; Sec. 28; P. O. Maryland; was born in Berkley Co., Va., April 19, 1839 ; came to this Co. May 30, 1846 ; has 229 acres land, valued at $15,000; Demo crat ; married Catherine Rouser in 1858 ; she was born in Washington Co., Md., Nov. 80, 1830 ; have six children : Douglas, born Aug. 8, 1860, Garibaldi, Sept. 24, 1861, Daniel, Feb. 9, 1863, Ivey, Feb. 6, 1865, Annie, April 8, 1867, Minerva, Oct. 16, 1874; Seymour, bom Jan. 24, 1869, died Aug. i, 1869; he woiked by the month and day for nine years, got some money together, and bought some land at Chambers' Grove; improved a farm and sold it for $45 per acre ; from there came to the place where now lives; the first work he did was making brick; got $12 per month ; has hauled wheat to Peru, on the Illinois River, and got forty to fifty cents; flfteen to twenty cents for oats; when he flrst came here there was not a house between North Grove, in this Co., and Cherry Grove, in Carroll Co., about twenty-five miles. FAGER PETER, farmer; Sec. 9; P. O Forreston. Pager S. farmer; Sec. 2; P. O. Forreston. Finney A. farmer; Sec. 12; P. O. Haldane. Fluto E. retired farm ; S. 13 ; P. O. Maryland. Forney Geo. farmer ; Sec. 10 ; P. O. Forreston. Frisbee Eugene, Sec. 33; P. O. Polo. FRISBEE JAMES F. Farmer and Stock Raiser ; Sec. 33 ; P. O. Polo ; born in Delaware Co., N. Y., June 28, 1830; came to this Co. in June, 1846 ; has 139}^ acres land, valued at $9,765, also 80 acres land in Buffalo Grove valued at $4,000; Re publican ; held the office o£ School Direc tor ; married Emily S. Lundt in 1854 ; she was born in Toronto, Canada West, Feb. 9,1833; have four children: Eugene B., born June 15, 1855 ; George L., Sept. 30, 1863 ; Helen, Oct. 38, 1865 ; Mabel, June 30, 1868. /'"^ORMAN H. J. merchant; Haldane Garman Joel, Sec. 3 ; P. O. Forreston. GARMAN MICHAEL, Farmer; Sec. 3 ; P. O. Forreston ; born in Lebanon Co., Pa., Jan. 19, 1821 ; came to this Co. May 28, 1842 ; has 200, acres land, valued at $12,000; Democrat; belongs to the Evangelical Church; married Elizabeth Tagor April 16, 1844; she was born in Northumberland Co., Pa., March 17, 1823 ; have five children living : Joel E., born May 16, 1850; Lucy A., Sept. 26, 1859; Ida H., May 30, 1863; Newton A., Dec. 37, 1863; Jared M., Aug. 31, 1866; held offices of Assessor, School Treasurer, Trustee and Director ; has held the last three for thirty years ; came to this state with teams, in company with about a dozen; had no LINCOLN township. 847 house to go into ; had to leave their things in wagons for three weeks until they got a shanty built; the first school-house was built on his land, where church was held until 1863; known as the West Grove School-house; in 1862 the Lutheran Re form Church was built near the site of the old school-house. GOOD CHRISTIAN, Farmer and Stock Raiser ; Sees. 19 and 20 ; P. O. Hal dane ; born in Lancaster Co., Pa., Jan. 23, 1838 ; came to this Co. in Spring of 1857 ; has 307 acres land, valued at $65 per acre — $22,955 ; Republican ; belongs to the Evan gelical Church ; held the offices of High way Commissioner and School Director ; married Mary Warfel ; she was born in Lancaster Co., Pa., Sept. 18, 1829; died Aug. 11, 1860; married Elizabeth Schnee Feb. 18, 1862 ; she was born in Union Co., Pa., March 24,1843; have six children: Hiram, born Aug. 15, 1855 ; Emma, Jan. 15, 1857; Peter, Sept. 12, 1858; Catherine, July 30, 1860; May (second wife) Dec. 16, 1862; George J., July 25, 1868; has some fine blooded cattle, and turns off about sixty head of fat cattle and about the same number of hogs every year; he has a beau tiful place and is one of the solid farmers in the Co. Good Henry, tenant farmer; P. O. Haldane. Good Hiram, farmer; Sec. 18; P. O. Haldane. Good P. S. farmer ; Sec 80 ; P. O. Haldane. Greenfield Adolph, farmer; Sec 6; P. O. Forreston. Greenfield Wm. farm ; Sec. 6 ; P.O. Forreston. Guio Svestien, farmer ; Sec 39 ; P. O. Polo. HALDANE ALEXANDER, Station Agent and Grain Dealer ; P. O. Haldane ; born June 9, 1805, in Edinburgh, Scotland ; came to this country in 1834 came to this township in 1856 ; JDemocrat held the offices of Postmaster, Justice of the Peace, Town Clerk ; ran for Legisla ture in 18'73 ; was beaten by a man named Davis ; has 150 acres land, valued at $60 per acre — $9,000; married Frances Palmer in 1830 ; she was born in Southampton, Eng., Jan. 36, 1810 ; the Town of Haldane and also the village were named after him ; he has been one of the leading men of the township ; the name of the township was changed in 1874 to Lincoln ; Mr. H. laid out the village, and has done all he could to promote its interests. Hallowell T. F. preacher; Haldane. Hammer John, farmer; Sec. 36; P. O. Polo. Hanna Jackson, carpenter ; Haldane. Hanamon John, laborer ; Haldane. Hanman Reuben, farmer; Sec. 17; P. O. Haldane. HANSHAW LEVI, Farmer and Stock Raiser; Sec. 37; P. ^O. Haldane; born in Lansing, N. Y., July 18, 1838; came to this Co. in 1865 ; owns 80 acres land, valued at $6,000; Democrat; mar ried Elizabeth Manning in 1851 ; she was born in Lansing, N. Y., June 33, 1838; have two children living : Alice A., born Dec. 35, 1858; Linas C, May 15, 1863; Mr. H. has a very pleasant home and fam ily; his daughter, Alice A., has taught school for the last six years. HARMON ABSOLOM, Farmer; Sec. 30 ; P. O. Haldane ; son of John and Anna, who were among the earliest set tlers that came to this Co. ; he was born in Washington Co., Md., July 13, 1799 ; mar ried Mary Beckley in 1833 ; she was born , in Washington Co., Md., Feb. 3, 1801; have had eleven children: Harriet, Re becca, John, Elizabeth, Catherine, Abso- lom, Reuben, Mary, Martha, Robert and Amos ; was in the War of 1813, stationed at Baltimore; the subject of this sketch was born in Washington Co., Md., Nov. 10, 1833; came with his father to this Co. in 1838 ; has 80 acres land, valued at $6,000 ; is a Republican ; belongs to the United Brethren Church ; married Lauretta Yontz, who was born in Washington Co., Md., Dec. 33, 1837; have five children: Emerella, William, Samuel, Grant and Ella; when he came here there was not a house between here and Mt. Carroll ; his father rode two days and one night for something to eat, and all he got was a peck of corn meal, and they were so hungry that they ate it up the night he got home; Mr. H. enlisted in Co. F, 15th I. V. I., Capt. Blair, Feb. 37, 1864; was in N. C, at the time of Johnston's surrender. Harmon Amos, farm ; Sec. 38 ; P. O. Haldane. Harman John, Sr., ret. farm ; P. O. Haldane. Haselwood Newton, carpenter; Haldane. HEDRICK BENJAMIN T. Re tired Farmer; Sec. 34; P. O. Polo; born in Antietam, Washington Co., Md., Nov. 1, 1813 ; came to this Co. in the Spring of 1845; owns 390 acres land, valued at $14,500 ; is a Republican ; belongs to the Lutheran Church; married Ann M. Schry- rock in 1841 ; she was born in Hagerstown, Md., in 1809; have four children living: George M., Lucy Lyson, Allen McKee and Walter King, twins, born Dec 30, 1849; his father was recruiting officer, appointed by Gen. Ringgold in the War of 1813 ; in the Spring of 1846 put out 85 acres corn ; hauled lumber from Chicago to build his house on the place where he has lived nearly ever since; moved into the house when there was not a board on the front side; took the boxes he had brought his goods in, framed them into the shape of a room, put a carpet over it, and slept there, and remarked to his wife that it was the happiest moment of his life, as it was what he could call the flrst home of his own ; has held the office of Supervisor in Mt. Morris Tp. seven years, and one term in this. Hedrick Charles, machinist; Haldane, 848 OGLE COtTNTT DIEECTOET; Hedrick Charles, thresher ; Haldane. Hedrick G. M. farmer; Sec 34; P. O. Polo. HEDRICK WILLIAM J. Machin ist; Haldane; bom in Sharpsburg, Md., Feb. 11, 1844; owns flve lots in Haldane, residence and store building; is a Repub lican ; has held the office of Town Clerk, Collector, Justice of the Peace and School Treasurer; married Lydia Wallace in 1869 ; she was born in Ogle Co., Dec. 15, 1850; have three children: Jesse, born April 38, 1871 ; Gracie, May 28, 1873, and Ira, Oct. 20, 1876 ; he enlisted Aug. 13, 1863, in Co. K, 9>d I. V. I., under Capt. Woodcock; served three years; was mounted, and belonged" to Kilpatrick's command ; was in all the battles the regi ment was in up to the time of the battle of Atlanta; was in the battles of Chatta nooga, Atlanta and Lookout Mountain; was one of the flrst regiments that entered Chattanooga; was detailed as clerk after the battle of Atlanta; sent back with the Invalid Corps with Capt. Marshall, A. Q. M. ; from Chattanooga went on the cars to Nashville, Tenn. ; on boats down the Cum berland River 100 miles; up the Ohio River 800 miles, to Parkersburg, Va. ; took the cars from there to Washington ; took boat at Alexandria down the Chesa peake Bay, around to Norfolk, N. C. ; went to his command, stationed at Golds boro; joined the regiment; took his place in the ranks ; was at the surrender of John ston to Sherman. Hedrick W. farm ; Sec. 36 ; P. O. Haldane. HOOVER NELSON, Parmer and Stock Raiser ; Sec. 4 ; P. O. Forreston ; born in Somerset Co., Pa., Nov. 18, 1832; came to this Co. Dec. 20, 1866 ; owns 160 acres land, valued at $8,000; is a Republican; married Lucy Ann Hoover, who was born in Somerset Co., Pa., April 11, 1842 ; has five children : Emma, Clarissa, William Richard, Charles Henry, Sadie Missouri and Oscar Scott. Holsinger David, retired farmer ; Haldane. KENDALL DAVID, farmer; Sec 11; P. O. Forreston. Kevitt Jacob, farmer ; Sec. 8 ; P. O.' Forreston. Keewitt Jacob, farm ; Sec. 8 ; P. O. Forreston. KILKER CHRIST, Farmer and Stock Raiser; Sec. 6; P. O. Forreston ; was born in Detmold, Germany, June 1, 1834 ; came to this Co. twenty years ago ; has 160 acres land valued at $8,800; politics Democrat; belongs to the Presbyterian Church; his wife's name was Minnie Erdmire ; born in Carroll Co., 111., August 8, 1852 ; they have three children : Louis, Minnie and Anna. KEMBLE ISAAC, Farmer and Stock Raiser; Sec. 18; P. O. Haldane; was born in Northumberland Co., Pa., March 2, 1844 ; came to this Co. when he was two years old ; has been in this Co. thirty-two years ; has 40 acres land valued at $3,000. Democrat; has held the office of Path Master; married Mary E. Garman, who was born in Northumberland Co., Pa.; Dec. 39, 1843; two children: Celinda A., born Aug. 19, 1869; Hattie E., Nov. 3, 1870. King Alexander. King Diah, laborer; Haldane. Kitzmiller G. farm ; Sec. 17 ; P. O. Haldane. KITZMILLER HENRY, Farmer and Stock Raiser; Sec. 31 ; P. O. Haldane; born in Washington Co., Md., Sept. 30, 1814; came to this Co. in 1845; has 284 acres land valued at $14,200; Democrat; held the office of Commissioner of High ways; married Sarah Sullens; she was born in Washington Co., Md., Aug. 29, 1813 ; they have six children : John, James, Pike, George W., Urias, Ruan, Sarah Emily ; John was in the 15th Regt. I. V. I. ; went out in the last call ; left Maryland with one horse about twenty years old in a single wagon with his wife and three children; was five weeks on the road; camped out most of the time ; when he got to this Co. he had only $2.50, and that was all he was worth except his bed clothes; lived in an old cooper shop the first Winter ; had to cut saplings to make bedsteads with. Kitzmiller J. P. farmer; Sec. 17; P. O. Haldane Knapp G. farmer; Sec. 8; P. O. Haldane. Kopp George, farmer; Sec. 22 ; P.O. Haldane. Kroaner J. farmer; Sec. 5; P.O. Forreston. Kroaner William, tenant farmer; Sec. 5; P. O. Forreston. KROANER WILLIAM, Farmer and Stock Raiser ; Sec. 5 ; P. O. Forreston ; was born in Germany; was three and one half years old when he left there; is now twenty-nine; has lived in this Co. nine teen years ; married Emma Michaels, who was born in Carroll Co., 111., in 1857 ; they have two children: William and Sarah; was in the 34th I. V. I., 14th army corps ; was in the battles of Kenesaw Mountain and Jonesboro ; was with Sherman on the march through Georgia. AWSON Fred, farmer; Sec. 81; P. O. Polo. Lawson George, farmer; P. O. Polo. Lawson George, Sec. 81 ; P. O. Polo. Lawson John, Sec 81 ; P. O. Polo. Lawson John, farmer; P. O. Polo. LAWSON ROBERT, Farmer and Stock Raiser; Sec 31; P. O. Polo; born in Scotland March 26, 1820 ; left Renfew- shire, Scotland, in 1832; came to Canada; lived there eight yeai's ; came to this Co. in 1840; has 239 acres land, valued at $15,535; Republican; held the offices of L LINCOLN TOWNSHIP. 849 Assessor, Collector, Commissioner of High ways and Constable eleven years ; married Huldah S. Harrington ; born in Greenwich, R. I., June 20, 1818; have flve children: John B., born May 21, '50, George, March 25, '52, Frederick, March 21, '54, Betsy H. Nov. 11, '57, Robert P., April 10, '59; has hauled grain to Chicago with an ox team ; sold it for ninety-flve cents ; took thirteen days to make a trip ; carried his own pro visions along and camped out. Leggett Joseph. Link Henry, farmer ; Sec 1 ; P. O. Forreston. Long A. F. farmer ; P. O. Maryland. Long John, farmer; Sec 23; P. O. Maryland. LONG JOHN J. Farmer and Stock Raiser ; Sec. 7 ; P. 0. Forreston ; born in Columbiana Co., Ohio, April 20, 1832; came to this Co. in 1861 ; has 120 acres land, valued at $7,800 ; Republican ; mar ried Catherine Caudel, who was born in Columbiana Co., Ohio, Feb. 15, 1834; have four children: Mary M., bom April 3, 1854, Sarah Elizabeth. Jan. 11, 1856, Jos. H. J., March 2, 1858; George U. S., Dec. 12, 1864; Sarah E., died July 23, 1864, Jas. H. A. July 23, 1864; lost two children, Jas. H. A. and Sarah Elizabeth, while bathing in White Oak Creek ; went after the cows, thought they would take a bath, and while wading up and down the stream, walked into deep water and were drowned; Mary M. was with them, but gained the shore. Long S. farmer ; Sec. 14 ; P. O. Maryland. LONGENECKER BENJ. F. Farmer; P. O. Maryland; born in Wood bury, Bedford Co., Pa., Feb. 14, 1847; came to this Co. in 1858 ; Democrat ; en listed in 7th I. V. C. in 1861 ; was dis charged for disability in 1863 ; re-enlisted in 4th I. V. C, Co. C. ; was in the battles of Black River and Franklin ; his father resides in this Co. in Sec. 14 ; owns 80 acres land, valued at $4,800 ; has held the office of Justice of the Peace and Assessor ; was bom in 1812; came to this Co. in 1858; married Mary Martin, who was born in Bedford Co., Pa., Aug. 15, 1815 ; have nine children : David M., Charles O., Benj. P., Nancy J., Denmark M., Wm. H., Raphael, Wesley and John Martin ; was a soldier in the 4th I. V. C; was in. the battles of Franklin and Egypt; also, was on what they called the Grierson Raid, back of Vicksburg. Longenecker D. farm ; S. 14 ; P. O. Maryland. Longenecker M. farm ; S. 14 ; P. O. Maryland. Longenecker R. farm; S. 14 ; P. O. Maryland. Longenecker, W. H. farmer; Sec. 14; P. O. Maryland. Ludaw'ick F. farm; Sec 7; P. O. Forreston. Ludawig J. farmer; Sec 16; P. O. Haldane. Ludawig F. farmer; Sec 7; P. O. Forreston. McCARRAL PETBR, farmer; Sec 33; P. O. Polo. Mcllnay Geo. farmer; P. O. Polo. McMillan Fred, farmer; Sec 31; P. O. Polo. McMillian Frank, laborer ; Haldane. McMillan Oscar, laborer; Haldane. Magne Allen, billiard saloon ; Haldane. Magne Horace, farmer; Sec. 29; P. O. Polo. Maloney Peter, farmer; Sec. 34; P. 0. Polo. Manning D. farmer; Sec. 38 ; P. O. Haldane. Manning J. farmer; Sec. 88; P. O. Haldane. Manning S. farmer ; Sec. 21 ; P. O. Haldane. Mantle Jesse, farmer; Sec. 18; P. O. Polo. Mantle Jesse, farmer; Sec. 80; P. O. Polo. Marr Andrew, farm ; Sec. 20 ; P. O. Haldane. MARR JACOB, Farmer and Stock Raiser; Sec. 10; P. O. Forreston'; born in Byron, Germany, July 4, 1804 ; came to N. Y. in 1845; came to this Co. in 1849; has 132 acres land, value $8,580 ; Republican ; is a member of the Evangelical Church ; married Phoebe Mincer, who was born in Baden, Germany, Dec. 9, 1836; has four children living : Andrew, August, William and Amelia; when he left Germany he had but $50 ; had to work on vessel to pay part of his fare ; was 82 days coming over ; when he got to this Co. did not have a dollar in his pocket. Mase Jacob, farmer ; Sec' 2; P. 0. Maryland. Mase J . S. farmer ; Sec. 2 ; P. O. Maryland. Mase J. M. farmer; Sec 2; P. O. Maryland. Meyers A. farmer; Sec. 13; P. O. Maryland. Meyers C. farmer ; Sec. 5 ; P. O. Forreston. Meyers H. R. farm ; Sec. 12 ; P.O. Maryland. MEYERS HARMON, Farmer and Stock Raiser; Sec. 5; P. O. Forreston; born in Stephenson Co., 111., Feb. 28, 1854; came to this Co. in 1856; lives on his father's farm : has two hundred acres land, valued at $65 per acre — $13,000; Demo crat ; married Lena Cruse, who was born in Stephenson. Co., 111., Dec 13, 1855; has one child, Claas Lenas; his father Claas Meyers, was born in Hanover, Germany, Sept 17, 1814; came to this country in 1851 ; belongs to the Reforin Church ; his mother's name was Anna Heam, born in Germany Sept. 8, 1812. MEYERS JONATHAN, Farmer and Stock Raiser ; by trade, stone mason ; P. O. Forreston ; Sec. 12 ; born in Dauphine Co., Pa., Jan. 23, 1812; came to this Co. April, 188'7 ; has 520 acres of land valued at $25,000; Republican; belongs to the Lutheran Church; held the office of High way Commissioner; married Elizabeth Rebman, who was born in Baden, Ger- many, March 1, 1831; seven children: Peter R., born Dec. 28, 1843; Lydia R., April 10, 1845; Sarah R., July 12, 1846; Henry R., Jan. 16, 1848; Jonathan R., April 17, 1850; Elizabeth R., Jan. 9, 1858; 860 OGLE COUNTT DIEEOTOET: Aaron P., Jan. 13, 1856, died Aug. 10, 1859 ; his father was drafted in the War of 1813, the year Jonathan was born ; his mother died when he was two weeks old; his father did not go on account of leaving his family; when he flrst came to this place there was not a house for five miles; at Buffalo Grove there were a few houses and a store or shop where they kept a few groceries and dry goods ; when he came here there were but two houses in Oregon ; a man by the name of Jenkins kept a public house; his brother and self wanted to stay over night and could not get kept, the host said he was full ; traveled three miles to a man by the name of Phillips at nightfall; first refused to keep them ; they pleaded to stay at his fire, and he flnally kept them and formed an agreeable acquaintance; staid there a couple of days and came on to this prairie ; was pleased with the country ; bought a claim ; put out a crop of com that Spring ; after that his brother went East for his family, and left him to "batch" it that season; it was five miles to the nearest shanty, where he got his washing done ; at that time it was almost impossi ble to get matches ; has been three miles after flre, and carried a brand in his hand home. Meyers J. R. farm; Sec. 13; P. O. Maryland. Miller I. farmer; P. O. Haldane. Miller Michael, blacksmith ; Haldane. Miritige Wm. farmer ; Sec. 9 ; P. O. Haldane. Muehler Joseph. Myers P. L. farm; Sec. 13; P. O. Mai-yland. Myers Aaron, farmer; P. O. Maryland. NEWCOMER ISAAC, farmer; Sec. 13; P. O. Maryland. Newcomer Martin, merchant ; Mt. Morris. Newcomer Oliver, farmer; Sec. 13; P. O. Maryland. Nicodemus Chas. Sec. 16 ; P. O. Haldane. Nicodemus Conrad, Sec. 16 ; P.O. Haldane. Nicodemus Fred, Sec. 16 ; P. O. Haldane. Nicodemus Jacob, farmer; Sec. 16; P. O. Haldane. O DAIR S. C. O'Kent John. O'Kerr Ernest. •pANE ABRAHAM. Philips Jacob. Philips John. Plum Daniel, farmer; P. O. Maryland. PLUM DAVID, Farmer and Stock Raiser; Sec. 35; P. O. Mai-yland; born in Franklin Co., Pa., May 8, 1887; came to this Co. in 1857 (Spring) ; has 360 acres of land valued at $31,600, also the undivided one third of the Village of Maryland, valued at $1,000; belongs to the German Baptist Church ; married Martha L. Stover, 1863 ; born in Washington Co., Md., Nov. 38, 1839 ; has one child, John David, born Dec 5, 1876 ; Mr. Plum is one of three that laid out the Village of Maryland, and is one of the solid men of the Co. ; has a grain elevator and warehouse, and has accumulated a property of $30,000. Pollock Robert, farmer; Sec. 38; P. O. Polo. Poppin A. farmer ; Sec. 6 ; P. O. Forreston. PRICE JACOB, Farmer and Stock Raiser; P. O. Forreston; Sec 3; bom in Washington Co., Md., Oct. 38, 1818; came to this Co. Sept. 35, 1845 ; has 380 acres of land, valued at $14,000; Republican belongs to the United Brethren Church married Ann M. Brown June 14, 1849 was born in Washington Co., Md., Sept. 37, 1839; has ten children li-ving: Ann Matilda, born June 15, 1850 ; Martha E., July 33, 1855; Daniel N., March 9, 1858; Sullivan H., Sept. 28, 1860 ; Elizabeth A, Oct. 32, 1861 ; Lewis D. Oct. 14, 1863 ; Mary A. and Cora, twins. May 29, 1867 ; Samuel D., Oct. 5, 1871 ; Charies J., April 26, 1874; he came here with Michael Swingley; worked for him about a year ; then worked around by the day splitting rails ; went on a farm of Mrs. Newcomer's near Mt. Morris; lived there four years; came to this farm March 28, 1854 ; when he came to this Co. he had $200 in his pocket he had earned at $10 per month. Pyfer Geo. farmer; Sec. 19; P. O. Haldane. Pyfer Geo. farmer ; Sec. 20 ; P. O. Haldane. AE WM. farmer; Sec 81 ; P. O. Polo. R Rae William, Jr. Reed Ezekiel, farmer; Sec 82; P. O. Polo. Reemtsma B. tenant farmer; P.O. Forreston. Rhinehort Moses. Rice Anderson, farmer; Sec. 35; P. O. Polo. Rutland Jas. tenant farmer ; P. O. Polo. SAVAGE ANDREW, farmer; Sec. 8; P. O. Forreston. Shauer A. B. Shank M. tenant farmer ; P. O. Maryland. Sipe John, farmer ; Sec. 5; P. O. Forreston. Slifer Saml. retired farmer; P. O. Forreston. Speaker Isaac, carpenter ; Haldane. Speaker W. farmer; Sec. 20; P. O. Haldane. STOVER DANIEL, Retired Farmer; Sec. 24 ; P. O. Maryland ; born in Wash ington Co., Md., Sept. 17, 1885 ; came to this Co. in the Fall of 1840; has 160 acres land, valued at $19,600 ; belongs to the German Baptist Church; married Sarah Wolf in 1861, born in Ogle Co. March 2, 1843 ; flve children : Frank W., born April LINCOLN TOWNSHIP. 861 20, 1862; Melissa, Feb. 1, 1864; Sarah, March 6, 1866; Anna, Nov. 23, 1868- Katie, June 8, 1870: his father, John Stover, was born Nov. 19, 1795; came to this Co. in the Fall of 1840; was one ofthe flrst settlers in this Co. ; he is over 83 years of age, and accumulated $100,000. STOVER EMANUEL, Farmer and Stock Raiser; Sec. 34; P. O. Maryland; born in Franklin Co., Pa., Sept. 33, 1830 ; came to this Co. in the Fall of 1840 ; has 347 acres of land, valued at $31,350; has one third interest in the Village of Mary land, valued at $1,300; Republican; be longs to the German Baptist Church ; mar ried Sarah Butterbaugh, born in Washing ton Co., Md., Oct. 81, 1888; has six chil dren: Alanson E., born Oct. 3, 1863; Ira, Feb. 14, 1865; Mary N., June 37, 1868; Samuel B., Feb. 10,1870; Sarah E., Dec 18, 1873; Carrie May, Sept. 1, 1876 ; Mr. Stover is one of the substantial farmers of Lincoln Tp. ; has a flne farm, and one of the best bams in the Co. Stover John, retired farmer ; Maryland. T OBYAS DANIEL. Tobyas Joel. Thomas Benjamin. Thomas James. Thompson C. farm ; Sec. 8 ; P. O. Forreston. Thomson C. farmer; Sec. 8; P. O. Forreston. Tschupp Philip. Twigg Samuel. Twigg William. V AN LESSON H. TTT AGNER FRED. Wagner Clay. Wagner David.' Wagner Isaac WAGNER JOHN A. Parmer and Stock Raiser; Sec. 36: P. O. Haldane; born in Washington Co., Md., June 18, 1818 ; came to this Co. July 10, 1837 ; has 280 acres land valued at $16,800 ; held office of School Director; Republican; married Mary Stow April 18, 1843 ; she was born in Washington Co., Md., Dec. 30, 1824; they have eleven children : William, John, Amanda, Ellen, David, Clay, Mary, Daniel, Ernest, Frank and Martha; came through from Md. with four-horse team ; was eight weeks on the road ; in ferrying the Rock River he met with an accident and came near losing his life; in ferrying a wild horse over, it got frightened, jumped over board and took him with it, he went down once, came up, caught the boat and saved himself Wagner William. Walfensburged Dallas. Walbemeyer Joseph. Wastner Dallas. Wastner Mahoen. Wassen James. Weagans C. farmer; Sec. 7 ; P. O. Forreston. Welp Dick, farmer ; Sec. 6 ; P. O. Forreston. Westoves John. White L. H. farm laborer ; P. O. Forreston. White W. farmer; Sec 17; P. O. Haldane. WILSON VTILLIAM T. Station Agent; P. 0. Maryland; bom in Chester Co., Pa., Sept 21, 1837; came to this Co. April 38, 1857; polilics, Republican; belongs to the United Brethren Church ; married Elizabeth Pairland ; she was born in Delaware Co., Pa., Sept. 8, 1824; they have two children: Susanna and Mary Jane Ann ; the flrst eleven years after he came here he followed farming; since that he has been in several branches of busi ness; last four years has been station agent; held the office of Justice of the Peace, Collector, Town Clerk, also Post master, commissioned under U. S. Grant. Wissoner John. Wolfort P. B. ZALLAR HENRY, Sr., farmer; Sec. 3; P. O. Forreston. Zallar Henry, Jr., Sec. 3 ; P. O. Forreston. ZOLLER HENRY, Farmer and Stock Raiser; Sec. 3; P. O. Forreston; born in Baden, Germany, March 6, 1823 ; came to New York in 1846, and to this Co. in 1859; has 120 acres land valued at $7,800; Republican; belongs to the Evangelical Church; married Lena Her rick in 1847 ; she was born March 5, 1824 ; they have nine children : Samuel, John, Catherine, Caroline, Henry, Lena, Charlie, Mary and Sarah; worked at milling twelve years in the State of New York ; came to this Co. and has farmed since ; served in the German Army three years. 852 HISTOET OE OGLE COUNTT. PINE ROCK TOWNSHIP. ACKER J. M. farmer; Sec 16; P.O. Chana. Allis Z. T. broom maker ; P.O. Paine's Point. Andrews Frank, farmer; Sec.4; P.O. Paine's Point. Andrews G. farm ; S. 3 ; P. O. Paine's Point. Appleyard J. W. farmer ; P. O. Chana. Appleyard Thos. L. carpenter; Chana. Ashmore Pat'k, farmer; Sec.lO; P.O. Chana. Austin A. farm ; Sec. 3 ; P. O. Paine's Point. Aznoe T. renter; Sec. 3; P. O. Paine's Point. B ARSBNG EARNEST. BAILEY JOHN B. Stock Dealer; Chana; owns 160 acres farm land; born in Harrison Co., Ohio, in Feb., 1833; came to this state in 1837, and to this Co. in 1889- '40: married Sallie Pue Trask March 21, 1867; she was born in Ogle Co. Jan. 13, 1847 ; Wm. Hutchins is their only child, born April 16, 1870 ; Mr. B. has been Town Assessor for six years, and previous to his moving here held the same office in Nashua Tp. for flve years ; he was also Collector for this Tp. for one year. Beardin James. Beardin S. farm ; S. 3; P. O. Paine's Point. Black John. Black Reuben. Booth J. W. lumberdealer; Chana. BOWEN W. Farmer; Sec 8; P. O. Paine's Point; born in Dorset, Bennington Co., Vt., Oct. 3, 1811 ; Mr. Bowen's grand father was one of that band of patrii its who threw overboard the tea in Bostim Harbor, and afterwards served seven years in the Continental Army; Mr. Bowen came to this Co. Oct 38, 1841 ; married Jane Col lier Feb. 39, 1833 ; she was born Aug. 36, 1814; have had six children: Sarah S. (de ceased), Bethana S. (decensed), Mary C, Mahala S., Ellon S. and Marshall S (the youngest of the four who are still living) ; owns 300 acres ; Democrat. Bownson Ernest Brass Elmer. Buright Albert, farmer; P. 0. Chana. BURIGHT M. B. Farmer ; Sec 33 ; P. O. Chana ; owns 200 acres ; born Dec 35, 1815, in N. Y. State; was raised in Lake Co., Ohio; came to Ogle Co. in April, 1838; married twice; flrst wife, Susannah Drummond, died Aug. 34, 1873; married Judith Drummond, Feb. 10, 1875 ; had nine children, seven of whom are living ; both are members of the Christian Church ; Mr. Buright was one of the three Road Commissioners who were in office when Pine Rock Tp. was first originated. Buright S. farmer; Sec. 34; P. O. Chana. Buright T. farmer ; Sec. 16 ; P. O. Chana. Burton Henry, farmer; Sec. 32; P. O. Chana. BUTTERFIELD ANDREAV J. Farmer; Sec. 18; P. O. Chana; Democrat; came to this Co. Aug., 1850 ; married twice ; first wife, Sarah Butterfleld, a cousin, on the 13th of April, 1854, by whom he had four children : George, born May 5, 1855 ; Benjamin, May 5, 1857, died Nov. 14, 1865 ; Andrew E., Sept. 10, 1858; Charies A., Sept. 3, 1860; married present wife, Nancy Dickinson, in 1863; she was born Oct. 7, 1844; four children: Sarah E.,born Feb. 3, 1865 ; Addie.Oct. 2, 1867 ; Laura A., Nov 29, 1870; Mortimer W., Oct. 13, 1873; 380 acres. BUTTERFIELD ELIHU, Farmer ; Sec 19; P. O. Honey Creek; born in Troy Tp., Bradford Co., Pa.; School Director; came to this Co. in Oct., 1854: married Jane Lewis, who was born in Brooklyn, Susquehanna Co., Pa., Feb. 38, 1831, on May 19, 1839; have had eleven chil dren, three of whom are dead ; Mr. Butter field furnished three sons to fight for the Union in the late rebellion; Charles, wounded twice, Louis, and Elihu M., who was a prisoner at Andersonville and Florence, Ala. ; all served throughout the war, and were either promoted or honor ably mentioned for meritorious services ; owns 25 acres. Butterfield G. farmer; Sec 8; P. O. Chana. Bush Martin. CANFIELD BENJAMIN A. (Deceased) born in Shandaken, Ulster Co., N. Y., Aug. 24, 1821 ; came to this Co. July 1, 1846; married Annie McGuffin, who was born in London, Canada, July 28, 1833 ; Mr. Canfield, during life, held the offices of Tax Collector and School Director, and was also class leader of the M. E. church for a number of years ; he died Feb. 14, 1874; Mrs. Canfield, who survives her husband, owns 291 acres farm land; resides Sec 21, P. 0. Chana; is a member of the M. E. Church, and mother of six children: Catherine Imogene, Helen Rosamond, Sarah Abigail, violet May, John, Benjamin, and Blanche Anna. Canfield E. D. farmer ; Sec. 31 ; P. O. Chana. Canfield B. H. farmer; Sec. 37; P. O. Chana. Canfield G. E. farmer; Sec. 21 ; P. O. Chana. Canfleld O. W. farmer; Sec. 21 : P. O. Chana. Capes Richard, wagon maker ; P.O.Carthage. Cave George, farmer ; P. O. Chana. Cavett Reuben, farmer ; Sec. 28 ; P. O. Chana. CHAMBERLIN E. B. Farmer; Sec. 19; P. O. Honey Creek; born in PlNE EOCK TOWNSHlt. 8S3 Genesee Co., Byron Tp., N. Y., Nov. 20, 183^ ; came to Illinois, settling in Lee Co., in 1886 ; remained until March, 1844, wheri he moved to this Co., where, with the ex ception of eight years spent in Elgin, he has since lived ; married Lodicy B. Cham berlin, a cousin, March 10, 1844 ; she was born Oct. 39, 1832; have had six children' Alice A., born Jan. 9, 1846, died March 2 1852; OliaA., Jan. 20, 1848; Frank O Oct. 3, 1851 ; EUa E., Aug. 39, 1854 ; Fred Leon, Oct. 8, 1858 ; Charlie C, June 80, 1863 ; owns 400 acres land. Chubbuck J. M. farmer. Clapp Chas. farmer; Sec. 11; P. O. Chana. CLAPP OLIVER (deceased) born in East Hampton, Mass., Feb. 3, 1817; married Melissa Dewey Jan. 4, 1843 ; died Sept 35, 1856 ; Mrs. Clapp, who was born in Middlefleld, Mass., Aug. 8, 1817, resides on Sec. 11; P. O. Chana, and with the assistance of her son, Charles, successfully manages a farm of 80 acres ; Mrs. Clapp is the mother of four children : Cynthia O., born Nov. 15, 1842; Clemena, Aug. 4, 1846, died Nov. 4, 1847; Charles S., Dec. 31, 1849 ; Celia S., Nov 17, 1854. Clark James, farmer; Sec. 16; P. O. Chana. Clark L. W. druggist ; Chana. CLARK THOS. (deceased) born in Little Harwood, Buckinghamshire, Eng., Aug. 3, 1834; came to the United States in 1854; four years after brought over his family, settling in this Co. ; at the break ing out of the war he enlisted in Co. E, 34th I. V. I., and died second year after enlistment, Oct. 3, 1862; married Mary Montgomery Aug. 26, 1846, in England ; she was born June 28, 1835; the children are : Sarah Ann, born June 8, 1847, died Jan. 34, 1862; Elizabeth, May 1, 1848; Rosanna, Aue;. 29, 1849, died June 10, 1875; J. T., Dec 31, 1850; George W., March 19, 1853 ; Lucy J., March 26, 1859 ; Ematia J., Sept. 23, 1860. Clark Wm. farmer; Sec. 5; P. O. Oregon. Coddington A. P. farm ; Sec. 17 ; P.O.Chana. Colburn Henry C. farm ; Sec. 30 ; P.O.Chana. Cook W. W. farmer ; Sec. 3 ; P. O. Paine's Point. COOLEY ELIJAH R. Farmer; Sec. 36 ; P. 0. Rochelle ; born in Pine Rock Tp., Ogle Co., May 32, 1848; has lived here ever since ; School Director for sev eral years and Town Collector at present ; married Amerette Clark Sept. 15, 1872 ; she was born in Flagg Tp., Ogle Co., Jan. 15, 1853 ; have had one child, Alta May, born Oct. 33, 1873; owns 100 acres land. CoaleyWm. farmer; Sec 36; P. O. Flagg Centre. CROSS EDMOND, Farmer; Sec. 37; P. O. Chana ; born in Coshocton Co., Ohio, May 17, 1833 ; came to this Co. in Nov., 1853 ; married Miss L. Tilton Oct. 14, 1853 ; she was born in Knox Co., Ohio, Oct. 7, 1836 ; they had four children : Merit D., bom Aug. 3, 1856 ; James P., March 16, 1858, died May 13, 1863; Wm. W., Aug. 8, 1864; Jennie, Feb. 34, 1875; has 163 acres. Cross Jas. L. farmer; P. O. Chana. Cross T. J. farmer; Sec. 35; P. O. Chana, Crumb Gabriel, farmer; Sec. 31 ; P.O. Chana. Cullinan J. farmer; Sec. 33; P. O. Chana. Cullinan Pat, farmer ; Sec. 32 ; P. O. Chana. Cummins J. farmer; Sec. 5; P. O.Oregon. Cummings Wm. farmer; Sec. 19; P. O. Honey Creek. DAILEY COLVIN, farmer; Sec 36; P. O. Chana. DAILEY MERIT, Farmer and Stock Raiser; Sec 84; P. O. Chana; owns 505 acres in Ogle Co. and 300 acres in Iowa; bom in Luzerne Co., Penn., June 19, 1835; came to 111., settling iu Bureau Co.; his father, Luther, dying shortly after ; he moved with his mother, Minerva, who died Jan. 22, 1852, to Ogle Co. in 1840; married Elizabeth Tilton, April 6, 1852 ; she was born in Knox Co,. Ohio, Sept. 80, 1834; they had seven children: Emaline, born Aug. 10, 1853, died Nov. 1, 1854; Wm. C, Jan. 25, 1855; Miles S., March 28, 1857 ; Charles D., Dec. 29, 1858; Elijah, April 12, 1860; Minnie L., Jan. 12, 1867 ; Luther M., Sept. 2, 1872, died May 12, 1873. Davis James, farmer; Sec. 11; P. O. Chana. DAVIS MATHEW, Weaver; Sec. 27; p. O. Chana; born in Columbiana Co., Ind., April 2, 1806 ; when sixteen he moved to Wayne Co., where his parents died; enlibted in the Mexican Army May 1, 1847, in the Mansfleld Co. from Richland Co. ; after being engaged in the recapture of Pueblo, was honorably discharged on account of sickness Deo 13, 1847 ; located in Michigan for one year; he removed to Lake Co., Ind., on land granted him by the government ; with the exception of one year has lived in this state since 1858 ; married Mary Taylor in 1838 ; she was born in Sussex Co., N. J., Sept. 2, 1809 ; they have six children: James B., born Sept. 34, 1834; Martha J., July 24, 1836; Elizabeth, Jan. 20, 1838; Mary M., Jan. 25. 1840; Sarah M., Sept. 11, 1841; Sylvanius, Feb. 34, 1845 ; Mr. Davis is a member of the Church of God ; his wife professes Methodism. Deets W. P. farmer ; Sec 15; P. O. Chana. DELAIR AIKEN, Farmer; Sec 11; P. O. Chana; born in Cayuga Co., Prov ince, Ontario, Canada, 1840 ; Republican ; served as a soldier during the Rebellion in Co. M., 8th Regt. I. V. C. ; married Perla Allen Oct. 13, 1876 ; Mrs. Delair, who is a member of the Lutheran Church, was born in Erin Tp., 111., March 15, 1855; has 80 acres. 854 OGLE COUNTT DIEEOTOET: Doner Hugh, farmer; Sec. 33; P. O. Chana. Doner Pat. railroad employe; Sec. 15; P. O. Chana. Driscoll Jerry, section boss ; Chana. Dugdall O. farmer; Sec. 16; P. O. Chana. Drummonds L. farmer ; Sec.32 ; P.O. Chana. EAKLE CHRISTIAN, Farmer; Sec. 33; P.O. Chana; born in Washing ton Co., Md., Aug. 35, 1843 ; came to this Co. Nov. 12, 1845 ; married Elmeda Cole, who was born in Morrow Co., Ohio,. Jan. 16, 1846, on Aug. 31, 1865 ; have had four children: Florence, born Oct. 5, 1866; Jessie, Oct 8, 1868; Joseph, Nov. 14, 1873; Vernice, Sept. 14, 1876 ; owns 135 acres land; his father, who lives with him, , served in the War of 1812, and was at the defense of Washington, D. C, when the British entered that city. Elliott Aaron, fiour dealer ; Chana. Ely Jay, farmer; Sec 11 ; P. O. Chana. ELY JOHN. Retired Farmer; Chana; bom in Hebron, Washington Co., N. Y., April 23, 1800 ; came to this Co. in 1856 ; has been married three times ; first wife was Jane Stewart, married in August, 1826; she died the year following; second wife was Abigail Waller, married in the year 1837, and died in 1862 ; married Mrs. Horton (widow), maiden name Abigail Cooley, in August, 1868; she was born Feb. 28, 1822; Mr. E. has four children living and two dead ; owns 183 acres farm land, and a house and lot in Chana; Dem ocrat ; his wife is a member of the M. E. Church. Emerson Thos. blacksmith ; Chand". Engallchrist A. farm ; Sec. 9 ; P. O. Chana. ESHBACH GEO.L. Farmer; Sec.lO; P. O. Chana; born in Niagara Co., N. Y., Nov. 7, 1847 ; came to Ogle Co. 25 years ago ; works 160 acres of land belonging to his father, S. J. Eshbach ; married Lizzie L. Bruner, who was born in Freeport, 111. ; have one child, Walter W., born April 4, 1875. EYCHANER ALLEN, Retired Farmer ; Chana ; owns 140 acres, valued at $45 per acre, besides considerable Chana property, including the house in which he lives, worth in all about $3,000; born in Oneida Co., N. Y., July 2, 1829 ; came to this Co. with his father and mother (Con rad and Catherine, who have since died), in 1844 ; married Esther Hitchcock Feb. 4, 1853 ; she was bom in Middlesex Co., Mass.; their only child, Wm. A., was born Sept 8, 1856. FEAKES wm. Farmer; Sec 13; P. O. Chana; born in Portsmouth, Bug., Aug. 25, 1845; came to the U. S. in 1864, landing in N. Y. City, and before a month had elapsed he enlisted in the 13tli N. Y. V. G, serving with distinction throughout the rebellion, when he was mustered out ; came to this Co. in 1866 ; married Margaret Ann James in White Rock Tp., March 16, 1870; she was born June 26, 1851; have had four children: Willie L., born Nov. 12, 1870 ; Margaret E., March 13,1872; Norman R., March 23, 1874, died Aug. 19, 1877; Egbert Alvin, born Aug. 23, 1877. FERGASON A. L. Pastor of the Christian Church at Washington Grove; P. O. Chana; his father, Athan, who was one ofthe very first settlers in this section, went to Cal. in 1850, and died in San Francisco of the typhoid fever ; Mr. F. was born in this Co. May 6, 1845, and with the exception of 11 years passed in Iowa, where he first took charge of a congrega tion, has always lived in this Co. ; moved with his mother, Eliza R., and four broth ers to Iowa ; while there presided over the Christian Church at Xenia; Mr. F. had two brothers who served in the army dur ing the rebellion ; David enlisted in Co. F, 34th I. V. I., and John in Co. G, 75th I.V. I.; married Alice K. Granger, who was born in Lee Co. June 24, 1847, on Oct. 27, 1867, in Tama Co., Iowa; have had three children : Luna May, born in Butler Co., Iowa, Oct. 10, 1868; Frank G. and Fred. E. (twins), born in same place, Jan. 26, 1872; during Mr. F.'s pastorate at this place, he has been remarkably successful in convincing sinners of the error of their ways and inducing them to join the church ; the church was first organized in 1842; the present edifice was built in 1850 ; it is held in trust by three trustees. Fosgate Frank. /"^ATES JOSEPH, section hand; Chana. GALE SCOTT, Farmer; Sec 8; P. O. Paine's Point; born in Ogle Co., Jan. 27, 1849 ; married Ida Burroughs June 9,1873 ; she was born in Lynnville, Ogle Co., Aug. 28, 1850; have one child, Lena Maud, born Sept. 1, 1874; owns 320 acres. Gifford H. farmer ; Sec. 10 ; P. O. Chana. Gibson John, farmer; Sec. 9; P. O. Chana. Gitchell Deborah, farm ; Sec. 30 ; P.O.Chana. Gornson Robert. GRANT JOHN L. Farmer and Stock Raiser ; Sec. 1 ; P. O. Paine's Point ; born in Erie, Pa., May 2, 1885 ; came to this Co. in the Fall of 1845; married Ellen M. Ballard Oct. 15, 1863; she was born in Northampton, Hampshire Co., Mass., Oct. 29, 1835; have had four children, all of whom were born in Ogle Co. ; George W., born Nov. 13, 1864; Charles L., Dec 33, 1866 ; Edwai'd G, June 19, 1868 ; Cora May, Aug. 33, 1871 ; owns 160 acres. GRAY WILLIAM H. Farmer; Sec. 1; P. O. Paine's Point; born in Camden, Oneida Co., N. Y., Feb. 15, 1833; came to this state and settled in Winnebago Co. in PINE EOCK TOWNSHIP. 866 H 1857 ; has lived in this Co. 11 years ; mar ried Mable R. Scoville Dec 35, 1860 ; Mrs. Gray was born May 17, 1836; have three children : Charlie E., born Aug. 30, 1863 • Morris E., Nov. 30, 1864; Grace May, Jul-y 8, 1873; owns 136 acres. Griswold Jas. farmer ; Sec. 4 ; P. O. Chana. Griswold John, farmer ; Sec 8 ; P. O. Chana. ALL WILLIAM, blacksmith ; Sec 3 ; P. O. Paine's Point. Hardesty Absolom, farmer ; Sec. 83 ; P. O. Ashton. Hardesty Dutch, farm; Sec. 30; P. 0. Chana. Hardesty Edwin, farm ; Sec. 80 ; P. O. Chana. Hardesty Prank, farm ; Sec. 30 ; P. O. Chana. Hardesty Geo. farmer; Sec 30; P. O. Chana. Hardesty R. B. farm; Sec 30; P. O. Chana. Harr Balser, farmer ; Sec. 2; P.O. Paine's Point. Harr George, farmer; Sec. 5; P. O. Paine's Point. Harteman William. Hawley J. M. farmer; Sec. 9; P. O. Chana. Haynes Colvin, farm ; Sec. 15 ; P. O. Chana. HAZELTON MILO, Farmer; Sec. 2; P. O. Paine's Point; bom in German, Chenango Co.,- N. Y., Jan. 24, 1831 ; came to this Co. in 1849 ; married Ruth W. Allis, who was born in Hatfield, Hampshire Co., Mass., May 21, 1830, on the 16th of March, 1857 ; have had four children : Charles E., born Feb. 20, 1860 ; Ellen J., Aug. 18, 1862 ; Emma J., April 20, 1864; Sarah Delia, Sept. 19, 1873 ; owns 40 acres ; Democrat. Hodge Hugh ; farmer ; Sec. 23 ; P. O. Chana. Horton C. farmer; Sec. 11; P. O. Chana. Horton Rufus, farmer; P. O. Chana. Hull Isaac, farmer ; Sec. 17 ; P. O. Chana. JONES G. W. farmer; Sec 11; P. 0. Chana. Jones J. B. farmer ; Sec. 11 ; P. O. Chana. Jones Perry, farmer; Sec 11; P. O. Chana. JONES SAMUEL, Farmer ;*Sec 11; P. O. Chana; born in Lycoming Co., Penn., April 24, 1801 ; came to this Co. in July, 1849, and, with the exception of seven years passed in Lee Co., has lived here ever since ; married twice ; first wife, Maria Cockerell, Jan. 15, 1834; she was born in Md. in 1805, and died Oct. 38, 1845 ; second wife, Sarah Boston, Dec. 33, 1847 ; she was bom in Frederick Co., Md., Dec. 39, 1818; Mr. Jones was the father of sixteen children, eleven of whom are living ; Mr. J. is a prominent member of the M. E. Church, having united with that denomination in 1839. KEYSER JOHN, Sec. 3; P. O. Paine's Point. Kilmer Daniel, P. O. Paine's Point. L AUTZ EDWIN, farmer; P. O. Ashton. Lilly Jacob P. wagon maker ; Paine's Point. Lilly J. B. hardware ; Chana. Light W. farm; Sec. 7; P. O. Honey Creek. Linnsden James, farmer; Sec. 8; P. O. Honey Creek. M cCLOUD NORMAN, farmer; Sec. 18; P. O. Chana. Mackenzie William. Maloy John, farmer; Sec. 5; P. 0. Chana. Marson S. G. farmer ; Sec. 3 ; P. O. Paine's Point. Mason G. farmer; Sec 39; P. O. Chana. Mathews E. F. shoemaker; Chana. Miller Jos. attorney ; Chana. Mitchell J. B. farmer ; Sec. 31 ; P. O. Chana. Mitchell J. farmer; Sec. 21; P. O. Chana. Mitchells, farmer; Sec 31; P. O. Chana. Moody N. farmer; Sec 32; P. O. Chana. Morgan H. farmer ; Sec. 35 ; P. O. Chana. Murry George, farm hand ; Sec. 31; P. C. Chana. NEWELL LABIN, farmer; Sec. 8; P. O. Chana. Nichols M. C. farmer; Sec. 4; P. O. Paine's Point. o BBRDEXTER, farmer; Sec 4; P. 0. Chana. OBER JOHN, Farmer; Sec. 16; P. O. Ghana; born in Hillsborough, N. H., Sept. 37, 1808 ; came to this Co. in 1854 j married Sarah Robinson April 31, 1834; she was born Sept. 8, 1800 ; have had four children, one of whom died in infancy; those still living are : Sarah M., born Feb. 37, 1839; John C, Oct. 31, 1841; Dexter, Oct. 13, 1844; owns 241 acres. Ober John, Jr., farmer; Sec. 16; P. O. Chana. Ogden Chas. farmer; Sec. 18; P. O. Chana. Ogle Lewis, farmer ; P. O. Chana. Ogle William, farmer ; P. O. Chana. OBNER ENOCH H. Farmer; Sec. 35 ; P. O. Rochelle ; born in Delaware Tp., Northumberland Co., Pa., Oct. 5, 1838; came to this state in 1855, clerking in a store at Genoa, De Kalb Co., for two years, when he came to this Co,, where previous to his marrying he taught school for four terms ; owns 183 acres of land ; married Mary E. Cross Nov. 3, 1859 ; she was bom Oct. 14, 1838 ; they have had seven chil- dren: Willie, born Oct. 31, 1860, died April 15, 1862; Alice, Aug. 15, 1862, died April 10, 1863; Perry, April 39, 1864; George E., Jan. 31, 1868; Cora May, Jan. 10, 1870; Maggie, May 5, 1873; Olga, April 15, 1873. 856 OGLE COUNTT DIEEOTOET: ¦pHELPS WILLIAM. Pike F. W. justice of the Peace; Chana. Proctor George, stock dealer ; Chana. R EA J. E. farmer; Sec 5; P. 0. Paine's Point. Rea John, farmer ; Sec. 5 ; P. O. Oregon. Rea William, farmer : Sec. 5; P.O. Paine's Point. Rice B. J. farmer ; Sec. 35 ; P. O. Ashton. Rice David, farmer ; Sec. 35 ; P. O. Chana. RICE WILLIAM, Farmer; Sec. 1; P. O. Paine's Point; born in Allegany Co., N. Y., Sept. 15, 1822; came to this Co. in 1837 ; married Mary Boyce, Feb. 23, 1854; Mrs. Rice was born Oct. 14, 1834; Mr. R.'s family consists of seven children : Emma J., born March 15, 1855 ; Frank E., Aug. 29, 1857; Benjamin B., Aug. 13, 1860; Carrie M., April 19, 1865; Mattie E., Nov. 2, 1867 ; Stella B., Jan. 24, 1870; Freddie W., April 21, 1876; and a sister's child, Laura M. Collier, Dec 18, 1860. Roberts Samuel, telegraph operator; Chana. Robinson James, farm ; Sec. 5 ; P. O. Chana. Robinson Jariel, farm ; Sec. 8 ; P. O. Chana. Roe G. B. farm ; Sec 3 ; P. O. Paine's Point. ROE DB. JOHN, (deceased) Born in Chester Co., Pa., in 1800; learned the hatters' trade in Philadelphia, where he was reared ; moved to Eddyville, Ky., in 1819, where he married Elizabeth A. Lyon, in 1821 ; emigrated to 111., settling in Sangamon Co., in 1827, leaving for Ogle Co. in 1834; the Indians, not yet hav ing left this Co., they were detained one year in Putnam Co.; Dr. R., who com menced studying medicine in Kentucky, was a pioneer physician in this Co., and to the fact of his being the only doctor to be had in this section, ih case one was needed, he undoubtedly owed his life, as be had incm'red the deadly hatred of the " black legs " by his active endeavors to rid the country of that band of des perate men; Mr. R. moved to Nebraska a short time before his death, which occurred in 1871 ; his remains were removed from that state to this Co., and re-interred in the family burying ground, at Lighthouse Point, March 4, 1877; Mrs. Roe, who survives her hus band, resides in Chana ; she was born in 1805, and is still a hale, hearty old lady, whose memory of early incidents and events is truly remarkable ; there are eight children, one having died ; the living are : Dr. M. C, Dr. F. M., Giles B., Matthew C, John H., Beulah M., and Francis M. Roe M. C, M. D. ; Chana. Rosa John, farmer : Sec. 13 ; P. O. Chaua. Ross Andrew, farmer; Sec. 6; P. O. Oregon. Rowley Abraham, farm ; Sec 30 ; P.O.Chana. Rowley Samuel, farmer; Sec 30; P.O.Chana. Rowley W. farmer; Sec. 30; P. O. Chana. SANFORD PHILEMON, farmer; Sec. 81 ; P. O. Taylor. SANFORD HIRAM, Farmer; Sec. 81; P.O.Taylor; born in Poltney, Rut land Co., Vt., April 31, 1803 ; Mr. Sanford was one of the first settlers in Knox Co., O. ; came to this Co. in 1843, and was one of the first Supervisors elected from Taylor Tp. ; married Phcebe Sanford, a cousin, March 31, 1833; she was bom April 5, 1802; they have had eight children: Faxton, born March 8, 1823 ; Syrena, April 9, 1825, died in 1848; Newton, Feb. 33, 1837; Catherine, June 39, 1839; died Aug. 4, 1831 ; Philemon, May 8, 1831 ; Salmon, Nov. 31, 1838 ; Altha, May 14, 1838 ; Lucy, Oct. 35, 1841 ; owns 80 acres. Sanford Wash, school teacher ; Sec. 39 ; P. O. Chana. Sargent E. A. K. farmer; Sec. 10; P. 0. Chana. Schmelzle Chas. laborer; Chana. SCHOONHOVEN CHAS. A. Farmer; Sec 18; P. O. Chana; born in Elgin, Kane Co., 111., Oct. 39, 1845 ; mar ried Emma Primrose Dec. 10, 1878 ; Mrs. Schoonhoven was born in Monroe Co., Penn., and is a member of the M. E. Church; owns 142 acres land; Republican. Seaworth John, Jr., farmer ; Sec. 14; P. O. Chana. Seaworth John, Sr., farmer ; Sec. 14;"^ P. O. Chana. SEAIVORTH JONATHAN, Farmer; Sec. 14; P. O. Chana; born on the Atlantic Ocean Oct. 8, 1836 ; came to this Co. in 1843 ; married Lucintha Huntley Mai'ch 24, 1862 ; Mrs. Seaworth was born Nov. 5, 1837 ; they have four children : Amos B., born May 21, 1863 ; William, Feb. 18, 1864; Daniel, Nov 27, 1867; EllaN., March 19, 1874; owns 80 acres land. Shelly Henry, Sec 4; P. O. Paine's Point. Slagle D.^. farmer; Sec. 3; P. O. Paine's Point. ' SMITH GEO. F. Farmer; Sec 12; P. O. Chana; bom in Ogle Co. Oct. 5, 1849; Mr. Smith, who has al'ways lived in this Co., is the son of Peter Smith, one of the very first settlers in Ogle Co. ; Democrat; married Ann Mary Jones Oct. 9, 1870, in Lafayette Tp., Ogle Co.; she was born Aug. 21, 1841 ; they have two children : Walter A., born June 3, 1878; Peter, Feb. 20, 1876 ; o-tvns 80 acres of land. Snider M. F. Sec 4; P. 0. Chana. Snider Z. T. farmer; Sec 4; P. O. Chana. Spirey George, farm hand; P. O. Chana. Spooner D. B. section hand; Chana. STACY CHARLES R. Farmer; Sec. 86; P. O. Rochelle; owns 1.58 acres PINE EOOK TOWNSHIP. 857 valued at $40 per acre ; born in Ogle Co. Jan. 13, 1857 ; his father, Orrin, who died in this Co. July 2, 1860, was born in Mass., Sept. 23, 1833 ; his mother, Eliza J., who died Feb. 36, 1869, was born in Mich. Feb. 13, 1835 ; Emma J., a sister, born Sept. 14, 1853 ; Orrin, a brother, Aug. 34, 1860, died Aug. 14, 1873. Stinson Erastus, farmer ; Sec. 3 ; P. O. Paine's Point. Stinson Capt. farmer ; Sec . 2. STINSON HENRY H. Farmer; P. O. Paine's Point; in partnership with his brother, John L. ; 365 acres ; born in Dum barton Tp., Merrimac Co., N. H. ; came to this Co. iu 1854; married Mary A. Richards, who was born in Goffstown, Hillsborough Co., N. H. ; have two chil dren: John L., born May 1, 1867; Jennie B., Nov 11, 1868. ;STINSON JOHN L. Farmer; in partnership with his brother, Henry H. ; 365 acres; Sec. 2; P. O. Paine's Point; born in Dumbarton Tp., Merrimac Co., N. H., July 3, 1814; came to this Co. in 1854; married Lydia J. Allen June 37, 1857 ; she was born in Campton, N. H., June 80, 1831 ; have had three children : Esther A., born June 80, 1858 ; Henry H., Oct. 21, 1865 ; Thomas A., Nov. 12, 1867. ¦STINSON THOMAS, Farmer; Sec 3; P. O. Paine's Point; Mr. Stinson, who has been Co. Supervisor for four years, was bom in Dumbarton, Merrimac Co., N. H., May 6, 1799 ; came to this Co., in 1839 ; married Naomi J. Butterfleld, who was born in Goffstown, Hillsborough Co., N. H., April 3, 1808, and died May 18, 1877; have had three children: Elizabeth J., born in N. H. ; Letitia C, born in N. H. ; Mary A. (now dead), born in Canada; owns 300 acres ; Democrat. Swortz Jas. farmer; Sec. 23; P. O. Chana. TAYLOR LUMAN, farmer; Sec. 1; P. 0. Paine's Point. Taylor Mason, farmer; Sec. 2; P. O. Paine's Point. Thompson F. M. farmer; Sec. 30; P. O. Chana. Tilton C. W. farmer; Sec. 37; P. O. Chana. Tilton Elisha, farmer; Sec 26; P.O.Chana. TILTON FRANK, School Director, Farmer; Sec. 34; P. O. Chana; born in Coshocton Co., O., April 12, 1827 ; came to this Co. in Fall of 1843 ; married Eliza beth Drummond July 8, 1847 ; she was born in Franklin Co., O., Feb. 2, 1829; they have had twelve children: Clement R., born July 30, 1848; Levi H., Deo. 30, 1849; Andrew M., July 39, 1851; Bertha, July 15, 1858 ; Osman C, Jan, 36, 1855 ; Eva L. July 19, 1856 ; Eulalia F. and Viola E., twins, June 13, 1858; Frank, May 3, 1861; Richard Y., Jan. 11, 1863; Lucy P., Dec. 37, 1865, died Jan. 33, 1873 ; Milton B., May 31, 1868 ; Mr. and Mrs. Tilton are both members of the M. E. Church ; owns 395 acres land. Tilton Isaac L., farmer ; Sec. 39 ; P. 0. Chana. TILTON JAMES, Farmer; Sec. 36; P. O. phana; born in Knox Co., O., July 3, 1845 ; came to this Co. in 1851 ; mar ried Josephine Eakle ; Mrs. Tilton was born Feb. 1, 1846 ; they have four chil dren: Sadie, born April 3, 1867; Lena, Dec. 16, 1869; Blanche, July 34, 1873; Clyde, April 13, 1877 ; owns 80 acres land ; Democrat. Tilton James. M., Sr., farmer ; Sec 35 ; P. 0. Chana. Tilton James, farmer; Sec. 34; P. O. Chana. TILTON LABAN, Farmer; Sec. 33; P.O.Chana; born in Coshocton Co., O., Feb. 13, 1830 ; belongs to Church of God ; independent in politics; marled Susan Harper Jan. 14, 1841; she was born in Fauquier Co., Va., July- 37, 1835; they have had ten children : William A., born April 14, 1843; George W., June 10, 1844; Sophia, Feb. 26, 1846 ; Sarah K., Dec. 25, 1847, died Aug. 9, 1851 ; Emily, April 19, 1850 ; James L., June 15, 1858, died July 4,1853; Mary A., Sept. 16,1854; Oscar C, May 17, 1857; Dora, Aug. 13, 1859; Elbert, March 14, 1861 ; owns 160 acres. Tilton Lemuel, hotel proprietor; Chana. TiltonL.H. farmer; Sec. 15; P. O. Chana. Tilton Oscar, farmer; Sec. 35; P. O. Chana. TILTON THOMAS, Farmer; Sec. 33; Pjj;>v-6iiana ; born in Knox Co., O., Jjfoj/fe, 1833 ; came to this Co. in 1851 ; "^Sried Nancy Aikens Dec. 9, 1855 ; she was born in Ogle Co., July 17, 1837 ; her mother, who" is still living, was one of the flrst settlers in Ogle Co.; they have had six children : Warden S., born April 18, 1857; Stewart W., Sept. 3, 1859, died in Nov., 1868 ; Beecher D., Nov. 23, 1861 ; Frank Mills, Aug. 29, 1866 ; Fredrick H., Oct. 13, 1870; Gertie May, July 31, 1878; owns 116 acres. TILTON W. D. Farmer; Sec. 11; P. O. Chana; born in Knox Co., Ohio, Aug. 32, 1849 ; came to this Co. in Sept., 1851 ; married Mary Boyle, July, 1871 ; she was born Oct. 7, 1852; have two children: Laura Delcina, born in Lafayette Tp., Ogle Co., March 11, 1873 ; Hattie, born in Lafayette Tp., Ogle Co., April 35, 1874; owns 80 acres land. Tilton W. W. farmer; Sec. 37; P. O. Chana. Todd J. W. grocer ; Chana. TRASK ISAAC, Farmer; Sec. 17; P. O. Chana; Republican; Captain Ti'ask, who was Town Clerk and Supervisor for a number of years, was born in Glouces ter, Mass., Sept. 13, 1804; when 13 years old he went to sea as a sailor before the mast; at 31 he was commander of a vessel in the East India trade out of Baltimore, 858 OGLE COUNTT DIEEOTOET! w and made several voyages to that and other foreign countries; married Isabel Rutter May 30, 1833 ; Mrs. Trask was bom May 30, 1805, in Baltimore ; Captain Trask came to this Co. in 1837, and two years after brought out his wife and family; have had six' children: Israel, born in Baltimore Feb. 33, 1834 ; Margaret R., born in Baltimore May 7, 1836 ; Somes, born in Ogle Co., Aug. 26, 1840, died Oct 12, 1840; Edward Olwyn, born in Ogle Co. April 10, 1841 ; Ann S., born in Ogle Co. May 21, 1844; Sarah Pue, born in Ogle Co. Jan. 12, 1847; owns 309 acres valued at $65 per acre. TRASK ISRAEL, Farmer; Sec. 17; P. O. Chana; Mr. Trask, who is a Repub lican, and holds the office of Town Super visor ; was born in Baltimore, Md., Feb. 22, 1884; came to this Co. in Dec, 1838; married Margaret A. Worthington Dec. 21, 1860; his wife was born in this Co. April 14, 1842; have had four children: Isaac, born May 19, 1862; John Byron, Jan. 23, 1864; Edward O., June 9, 1866; Florence Glencora, March 21, 1869. Trombley George, blacksmith ; Chana. Trombley M. farmer; Seo. 9; P. O. Chana. Turner David, medical student; P.O. Chana. ALKER JAMES, farmer; Sec 24; P. 0. Chana. Walls Dillon, farmer; Sec 26; P. O. Chana. Walls Silas, farmer ; Seo. 26 ; P. O. Chana. IVEAVER GEORGE, Farmer; Sec. 8; P. O. Ghana; born in Washington Co., Md., Nov. 15, 1829; moved to III, settling in Polo Tp., in 1855, where he was in business for over 13 years, and during which time he was one ofthe City Fathers and Trustee of the M. E. Church ; then moved to Marion Tp., farming for , flve years, when he opened a hardware store in Gregon; selling out, he went to Chicago and entered the grocery business, remain ing but one year, he came to this Tp., building the residence which he now occupies ; married, by the Rev. Mr. Gantz, to Elenora S. Spickler, Jan. 9, 1851 ; his wife is a member of the M. E. Church ; was born in Washington Co., Md., Feb. 31, 1838; have had five children: Mary L., born Nov. 80, 1853 ; George W., Aug. 3, 1854; Emma E., Sept. 13, 1856; Clara V., April 3, 1858; John H., Dec. 17, 1859; 130 acres, valued at $75 per acre. WELTY DAVID H. Grain Shipper and Stock Dealer ; Chana ; owns 320 acres farm laud, and the finest residence in Chana; Republican; born in Washington Co., Md., Oct. 1, 1821 ; came to this Co. in the Spring of 1844, remaining three years; he moved to Carroll Co., residing there for some time ; reluming to this Co., he has lived in Marion and Pine Rock Tps. ; Mr. W. passed six years in California where he was in the quartz business ; mar ried twice ; flrst wife was Leah Detrich, married Nov. 6, 1845 ; she was born July 17, 1826 ; died Feb. 6, 1861 ; second wife was Ann Adams; married Aug. 21, 1861; she was born Dec. 10, 18-42 ; have had five children : Susan E., Martha H., and George L., by his first marriage; Mary E. and Sophia Belle by his second marriage. WILLIAMS CHARLES B. Farmer ; Seo. 38 ; P.O. Ashton; born in Ogle Co. Jan. 8, 1838 ; married Susan M. Moats, Feb. 9, 1860 ; she was born Dec. 3, 1844; have two children: Emma, born Oct. 33, 1860 ; Joseph, Dec. 5, 1863 ; owns 340 acres valued at $20 per acre. WILLIAMS JACOB, Chana; Retired Farmer ; owns 235 acres, two lots and a house in Chana; Democrat; born in Baltimore, Md., Feb. 8, 1801 ; when flve years old, moved with his parents to Ches ter Co., Pa. ; then to Butler Co., same state, where he learned the blacksmith trade, which he followed for over 30 years ; came ' to this Co. when a young man, and has lived here ever since ; Mr. W. was elected School Director last Spring for a term of three years ; married twice ; flrst wife was Ann Russell; married April 15, 1824; she was born Feb. 12, 1806, and died Aug. 20, 1847 ; married Nancy James July 26, 1848 ; she was born July 31, 1830 ; Mr. W. is the father of 11 children; is a member of the Baptist Church ; his wife is a Methodist. Wilson Clark farmer; Sec 15; P. O. Chana. WILSON -MABOARET, Widow of James M. Wilson; Sec. 15; P. 0. Chana; born in Urbana, Champaign Co., O., March 1, 1877 ; married in Sept., 1833, maiden name before marriage Margaret Downs; came to this Co. in 1853; the late Mr. Wilson was born in Perry Co., Pa., Sept. 3, 1806, and died in this Co. Aug. 20, ' 18'77 ; have had thirteen children : Sarah J., born Urbana Oct. 18, 1833; Mary, Urbana, Dec. 1, 1835 ; William O., New Cariisle, Jan. 14, 1838; Samuel M., New Carlisle, Jan. 10, 1840, died Dec. 16, 1871 ; Alice A., New Carlisle, Dec. 15, 1841, died April 10, 1852; Arminta, M., New Carlisle, Jan. 13, 1844, died Aug. 17, 1861; Elizabeth J., New Carlisle, June 12, 1846 ; Katie G., April 23, 1849 ; Josephine, Aug. 11, 1851; Delia M., Jan. 4, 1854; Mar garet, May 24, 1856; Frank H., March 14, 1858; Harry B., April 28, 1861. Wilson W. D. farmer; Sec. 15; P. O. Chana. Wood Elisha F. laborer; Sec. 8; P. O. Paine's Point. Worthington A. farm ; Sec. 33 ; P. O. Chana. , Wren L. farmer; Sec. 15; P. O. Chana. Wright J. B. farmer; Sec. 10; P. O. Chana. ZEIGLER JACOB, Farmer ; Sec. 3 ; P. O. Paine's Point; born in Butler Co., Pa., Aug. 6, 1844; came to this Co. in 1869; married Agnes G. Rose June 15, 1877; Republican; owns 260 acres farm land. « .L . .. _ _ -an,. .11 .... _.i ... jji.,^ r 1. If ~ IttH -H Hh ri-l Kialrl-r Fy f • .i'l!«' -!i«8*b«iai,dl«ilill)llt- '"''^'fril'itejliiW! -1'" i' f iil'ri"'"R ^l Jill ' I. r -I -J ., t-* I "^ J T *¦ * ¦¦ ¦ -1' J 1 u r if' ' ¥!!&'''*¦ *• .--. «!; ¦ pi :I.P^ c- ' Ik'"- ' \ ^V.^ ^ 1' iji, I \! I I 1, •-il., . iLlliiui, I 1, t^u I ,»- 1 Lt !.lli^l4, ,j, 1.^. y,^j. «. ¦*!( T V ret