X' 9002 06445 9010 MS, m^' Ls.da, B. i\ History of Vineland. Vineland, 1881. IX ? XoB™fitX> ??:.,-"-^ m. ts r o i AND' '¦ €@MM£MGI&Xs fWFMMMgTS* (BY (B. F. LAW. &=> litdx ||itf]itsfrlen: ^r-! i \'\':k'<: VINELAND, N,J. Kvrkixo Journal Book and Job Printing Kstart.ishhent. ' ; '¦ | -. WMB M&MM@TW ^tf^G S°tr, ^ toxb Xi x") x, 'x X X}) *; Ik « A; x «v 7 Co PARTRIDaE & RICHARDSON, VM?B (3^17, 19, & 21 NORTH -RTGHTH STREETER) PHILADELPHIA, @ME PMICM GMa&mWG M@W&M* RAJYK 'hUIUMHG, LANDIS AVENUE, VINELAND, N. J, Always on hacd, a full line of Men's, Youth's, and Boys' HATS, CAPS, HOSIERY, UMBRELLAS, CAHES, 6lc. , 6lc, Careiully selected and suited to the season. f. I'ff-i- 't'lu-led. X tAJu-ii/ic-dd FIRST- To make one prlcm& HtrBMBSTSm 'zZ. <3Y rth and South Vineland. A public park of about forty acres is situated on Park Avenue and East Boulevard, which, when the contemplated improvements are completed, will be one of the handsomest in the State. A number of smaller parks or squares havebesn laid out at the intersection of some of the principal avenues. History otf vInEland ii Beaver Lake is a beautiful sheet of water, about half a mile in length and between two and three miles from the business portion ofthe town, being the most popular resort in the vicinity for picnics, boating, bathing, etc. Two handsome stands or pavilions have been erected on Landis Ave nue for the use of the bands and for speakers' stands on public occasions. THere are two daily and three weekly newspapers and two monthly publications. PINE RESIDENCES AND FARMS. Among the large number of fine residences and country villas may be mentioned the following; ' ! Mr. H. N. Greene has a handsome large brick residence, with man- sr rd roof, on Landis Avenue just outside the corporate limits, with beau tiful shade trees and evergreens on the well kept lawn. Mr. B. D. Maxham's tastily laid out grounds adjoining, are the subject of general admiration. A fountain to the west of the neat cot tage is supplied with water by a windmill. Prof. Mareius Willson, the celebrated author, resides at his charm ing country seat about two miles out the avenue from the business por tion of the town. The commodious house is ofthe Gothic style, and, being surrounded with piazzas, vines, shade trees and evergreens, presents a picturesque and home-like appearance. Opposite Prof. Willson's is the imposing residence of Mr. George Scarborough, a large fine looking mansion with mansard roof, in the midst of well kept grounds aud surrounded by evergreen hedges. Further out the avenue is the model farm and fine residence of Mr. S. T. Ellis, ene of Vineland's most successful farmers. Mr. Ellis is extensively engaged in tlie cultivation of grapes, ^blackberries, pears and other crops. Dr E. R. Tuller has recently erected a large brick residence on his fruit farm en Landis Avenue near Valley, which is provided with all the modern conveniences. William A. House, Esq., lias a handsome residence corner of Landis and East Avenues. A noticeable feature of this place is the systemati cally laid out grounds and graveled walks and drives. On the oppjsite corner is the commodious residence of Mr. John Gage, one ofthe wealthy early settlers from Chicago. Mr. Henry Hartson's brick residence on Wood street, is one of the most attractive and homelike in appearance of any in town, with fountain and beautiful lawn. ( Mr. S. G. Sylvester also has a handsome brick residence on the same street, with beautiful shrubbery and flower garden. Mr. A. W. Thorndike, of the firm of Gould & Thorndike, has an 12 / HISTORY OF VINELAND imposing stone residence corner Wood and Sixth streets, which is supplied with all the modern improvements and conveniences. Mr. P. Gifford's residence on East Avenue is one of the handsomest on that street. The grounds are well kept and covered with line shade trees. Mr. D. F. Morrell and Judge Doughty each have elegant brick residences nearly opposite. . Mr. Isaac Hoag's large mansard roof mansion is situated on Pear street, corner of Sixth. Mr. Wheaton Berault owns and occupies one of the finest houses west of the Boulevard. It is pleasantly located on Elmer street, is three stories high, with pleasant East and South piazzas and ample grounds. Major Walker's large double-house is located on the high ground on Grape street, overlooking the businoss portion of Vineland. The Eastern division of the house is occupied by Mr. J. 0. Fuller. Mr. Charles K. Landis has a large three-story residence corner Landis Avenue and West Boulevard, with spacious lawn and g irden. There arj hundreds of other beautiful residences in the place, the description of which would fill a volume. BEST' FARMS. Some of the most extensive and best farms are those of Mr. Thomas Grigg, East Boulevard and Garden Road; L. Mortimer, Oak and Mal aga Roads ; W. Whiting, corner West and Park Avenues; A. P. Arnold, Philip Snyder, A. E. Neff, J. H. Dowler, J. B. Anderson, Malaga Road ; Colonel Alex. W. Pearson, Park Avenue; C. R. Snell, D. Rood, F. C. Van Keuren, Chas. De Groff, W. O. H. Gwynneth, 0. Blanchard, Jesse Kimball, Chestnut Avenue ; McsMahan & Sons, Cosman, Magnolia Road ; C. H. Smith, H. R. Ingills, J. P. Snyder, Maple Avenue ; Jas. Wood ing, J . Wilde, Frank Bingham, Main Avenue ; D. C. Gerow, B. C. Skin ner and S. T. Ellis, Landis Avenue. The following are some of the best business blocks : Merchants', Leavitt & Sherburne's, Dyer & Hale's, Robinson's, Swing's, Sykes', Roberts', Pearson's, Liberty, Sylvester's, Bank Building, Mechanics', Central, Brown's, Flood's, Baker House, Parkinson's, Prouty's, Stevens,' Russell's, Eriokson's, Moran's. The above are nearly all handsome two or three story brick buildings, occupied by stores, offices, etc. There are a number of fine churches of nearly all denominations. The Methodist Episcopal, Baptist and Presbyterian are located on Lan dis Avenue ; the Swedenborgian on Wood street, the Congregationalist and Unitarian on Elmer street, the Wesleyan Methodist on Seventh street, the Catholic on Eighth street, near Almond, and the new Epis copal Church, not yet completed, on Eighth street. The Friends of Progress, or Spiritualists own Cosmopolitan Hall, where their meetings are held. At South Vineland are Methodist, Baptist and Episcopalian churches. HISTORY OP VINELAND 13 CHAPTER III. THE FOUNDING OF VINELAND — PLAN OF THE SETTLEMENT — STIPULA TIONS FOR BUILDINGS AND IMPROVEMENTS. Much of the land lying in Cumberland and adjoining counties, re mained in the possession of the heirs of the Nixons, Elmers, Souders and others till about the year 1820, at which time David C.Wood purchased sixteen thousand acres of what is known as the Vineland tract, which he afterwards sold to Richard D. Wood, his brother, of whom Mr. Chas. K. Landis, the founder of Vineland, purchased the tract in July, 1861. Vineland comprises Landis Township, in Cumberland County, and portions of Franklin and Buena Vista Townships, lying respectively in Gloucester and Atlantic Counties. Landis Township, which contains forty-two thousand acres, was set off from Millville Township by an act ot the Legislature of 1863-4. The surveying and laying out streets for the settlement was begun on August 8,- 1861, on which day Mr. Landis cut the first stake to mark the centre of the village, at the intersection of Landis Avenue and the Railroad Boulevard. At this time almost the entire traet was a wilderness of scrub oaks, Jersey pine and brush, and presented anything but an inviting appearance. The idea that nearly all South Jersey was a sandy, barren plain, akin to a desert, prevailed to a great extent all over the country, and the founding of a prosperous agricultural and manufacturing settlement in the midst of this wilder ness was no easy task, requiring indomitable perseverance, energy and enterprise, and no small amount of courage. Fortunately Mr. Landis was not lacking in these qualities, as has been proven by the result of the undertaking. One mile square in the centre was laid out in regular blocks, with streets running north and south, east and west, and divided into small building lots of convenient size. Outside of the village plot *he streeta^were surveyed at regular intervals of half a mile, and the land divided into small farm lots ef five, ten and twenty acres, designed for fruit farms, market gardening, etc., for which an analysis of the soil proved it to be peculiarly adapted. Several months were occupied in surveying, making maps and laying plans for the future, and it was not until the year 1862 that the first purchasers of property began to 14 HISTORY OF VINELAND erect residences, the first of which was that of Captain Post, on Main avenue, corner of Maple avenue, formerly called Post road, in honor of Captain Post. The first house in the town plot was erected by C. P. Davis, on East Boulevard, and has since been purchased by the His torical Society ancl placed upon their lot on Peach street. PLAN OF THE SETTLEMENT. For the reason that it was laid out and planned before the land was sold to settlers, Vineland will always possess certain distinctive and peculiar features. The following are Mr. Landis' own words regarding his plan of the place : " The broad design of the settlement was that it should be agricul tural, manufacturing, commercial and educational. " I decided that all the roads should be broad and straight and at right angles, making up for the want of the picturesque in the straight line and right angle by requiring trees for shade in single or double rows, to be planted along all the roads. It was required that the pur chaser should erect a habitation not nearer than twenty feet from the side of the street in the city plot, or seventy-five feet from the roadside in the country. The stipulation about setting houses back removed them from dust, and induced great attention to the ornamenting of front gardens with flowers and shrubbery. The next stipulation was that the roadsides should be seeded for grass within two years, and kept seeded. " Another important question was with regard to the sale of liquor. I believed that if the public sale of liquor was stopped, both in taverns and in beer saloons, the knife would reach the root of the evil. The Local Option law in Vineland has been practically in operation since the beginning of the settlement, although the act of the legislature em powering the people of Landis Township to vote upon license or no license was not passed until 1803." HLSTORY OF VINELAND. 15 CHAPTER IV. rapid ghowth and development — early settlers and theul en terprises — establishment of schools and churches — from 1862 to 1865. Many of the purchasers of property arrived in the spring of 1862 and commenced clearing land and erecting dwellings. Carpenters and laborers were in great demand, and the place began to assume an ap pearance of thrift and industry. The new settlers all brought more or less money with them, a large proportion of which was expended for im provements and found its way into the channels of trade and kept busi ness of all kinds moving. Vineland was extensively advertised, and its advantages set forth in glowing terms, so that it soon became well known in all parts of the country as a desirable place to settle. The railroad station on the Mill ville and Glassboro railroad (at present a portion of the West Jersey road), was at this time a mere platform, and Henry Thayer was appointed first station agent. Settlers were compelled to put up with the poor ac commodations of this platform depot for three years. In October, 1864, the stone building now in use was erected for a depot, and its accom modations are as inadequate now for the amount of business transacted, as was the platform in the early history of the place. In 1862 Landis Avenue was stumped and put in travelling condition as far east as Spring road. Main Avenue was straightened and widened to Millville, and other important streets were opened. There were not more than half a dozen actual settlers on the tract during the first year of the settlement, but in 1862 almost every train brought new arrivals, and improvements began in all directions. Land was cleared and put under cultivation, and comfortable dwelling-houses were erected. Among the pioneers who made improvements in 1862 were 0. P. Davis, who opened the first hotel where the Vineland House 16 HISTORY OF VINELAND. now stands; Jas. Stuart, first settler on Landis Avenue, East of Spring-. Mr. Washburn began improvements near Malaga road; J. C. Fuller erected the first store, corner Landis Avenue End AVest Boulevard and sold groceries, dry goods, farming implements, etc; J. H. Gerow, form erly connected with the Now York Tribune, 0. D. Graves, of Connecticut, J. C. Parsons, Captain Holbrook, H. Z. and S. T. Ellis, Jas. McMahon, W. 0. H. Gwynneth, John Gage, C. C. Gifford, Pardon Gifford, and many other enterprising and1 industrious citizens from the North and West. The post office was at first located in 1862 at the Sharp farm, and was managed personally by Mr. Landis in connection with his real estate office. In the spring of the same year 11. M. Holbrook was appointed assistant postmaster, and the office was removed to Davis' hotel. Mr. Holbrook was succeeded as deputy by C. P. Moorehouse. ln 1863 the office was removed to the store of W. F. Bassett, rear of the hotel, who acted as deputy till the store was purchased by William G. Smith, who then assumed the responsibilities of the office. The business of the office for the three months ending September 30, 1862, was $8.50. The business for the quarter ending June 30, 1881, was $6,148.50. The Vineland Rural, edited by Mr. Landis, was the first paper pub lished in Vineland. The Rural was issued monthly and devoted to the interests of the place, setting forth all the advantages in the most at tractive manner, describing the climate, soil, products, etc. The first number was issued in 1862. The first school house was erected in 1862, and a private school was opened by Miss Lucille Richardson with eleven pupils. The public school was opened in 1803 by Bliss Richardson. The first religious meeting was held at Mabbett's barn, the Rev. M. C. Connaugh, of the Millvillc Prcsbytciian Church, conducting the services. The first of a scries of memorable annual receptions was given by Mr. Landis on New Year eve, 1862, at Davis' hotel, nearly all the settlers being present to enjoy the hospitalities. ln 1863 the Magnolia House, a large threcrstory building, was erected for a hotel. The building is now occupied as a private residence by Mr. Landis. The Spring Road school linuse and Presbyterian and Episcopal Churches were erected tho same year. The Presbyterian Church was not completed, however, till the spring of 1864. Rev. Mr. Loomis was the first pastor, and the society started with a membership of twenty-nine. The first child borniu Vineland was Willie C. Richardson, January1 16, 1863, and was presented by Mr. Landis with a silver cup. The first death was Hezekiah Davis, who died March 31, 1363. HISTORY OP VINELAND. 17 The M. E. Society was or ganized with twelve members in 1863, and a one-story ston 2 building was erected, with flat roof, for a meeting-house, which has since beer, enlarged to a handsome bricli edifice. Rev. Landon Taylor was the first pastor. . v The Episcopal Society was organized in August, 1863, with Rev. F. E. R. Cnubbuck rector, and erected a hand some church edifice on Elmer street, between Boulevard and Fourth streets. The Agricultural and Hor ticultural Society was organ ized in 1863, with T. T. Hoyt, President,W.W. Cone, Sec'y, and Jas. M'Mahon, Treasurer. The following year a valuable library was established in con nection with the society. The library and the discussions at the weekly meetings proved methodist church. a great nelP to the farmers and fruit growers, many of whom were inexperienced in agricultural opera tions. Owing to the frequent depredations of cattle from the plantations of neighboring Jersey farmers, an association was formed, known as the Cattle League, its object being to prevent cattle from running at large over the tract, dostroying crops, etc. Delegations from the League ar gued the question with the owners of the cattle, wLich proved of no avail. The next step was a war on the cattle, whieh seemed the1 only alternative, and hundreds of the animals were found dead in the woodi and out-of-the-way places. This radical method of striking at the evil*, resulted in a victory for thi settlers, and from that time to the present ' day the premises of farmers as a rule are not enclosed by fences, which proves a saving in the aggregate of many thousands of dollars. The subject of the sale of intoxicating liquors was first brought prominently before the people in the summer of 1863, when it became generally known that a Mr. Rollins, who kept a corner grocery, was 18 HISTORY OF VINELAND. selling malt liquors. A large proportion of the settlers being temper ance people and opposed to the sale of intoxicants in Vineland, a public meeting was called to consider the subject, which was very largely at tended, the ladies of the settlement taking a prominent part in the pro ceedings. Numerous speeches were made and great enthusiasm was manifested. Rollins himself being present was requested to promise to cease the traffic, which he refused to do. After the adjournment of the meeting the people were again called together in the street, and re solved to take the law in their own hands. They marched to his place of business and demanded a promise from him to at once abandon the sale of liquor, which was reluctantly given. Rollins afterwards sold out and left the place. The next session of the State Legislature passed a special Local Option law, according to the provisions of which the ques tion of license or no license is voted on at the spring elections. The vote against license has been almost unanimous every year since the law was enacted. Tho annual reception was held on Christmas night in 1863 at the Magnolia House, about one thousand guests being present. During the month of January, 1865, over one thousand acres of wild land were sold, and five hundred buildings were erected during eight months of the year. Siloam Cemetery Association was organized iu 1864, and the cemetery was located on fifteen acres of ground, pleasantly situated on Valley, north of Park Avenue, which now contains a large number of handsome monuments and is beautifully laid out with circular drives and walks, bounded with hedges and shade trees. In June, 1865, a grand festival was held at the Park, nearly every State in the Union being represented with beautiful and appropriate bowers and emblems. In the summer of 1864 a mass meeting was held, and John Kandle, William A. House, Henry E. Thayer and W. 0. H. Gwynneth were appointed a committee to borrow money for the town to pay the neces sary bounties for volunteers and thus avoid a draft. The total amount raised, including expenses, was $61,900, all of which has now been paid. Owing to the fact that the above named committee claimed to have lost the records of their transactions, they have been charged with misap plying funds. The charges, however, have not been substantiated, there being no means to get at the facts. The first of tho annual Agricultural and Horticultural Fairs was held in the fall of 1865. There was a splendid display of fruits, vegetables and flowers. Leavitt & Sherburne, now one of the most successful firms of dry goods dealers in the State, established a small store at the corner of Fou-th and Landis in 1864. The Floral Society was organized December 28, of the same year. The annual reception was held at tho Magnolia House on the evening gf January ], 1865. HISTORY OU1 VINELAND. it) CHAPTER V. continued growth and prosperity — extensive improvements — establishment of manufactories and organization of socie" ties— 1865 to 1869. Vineland became known in ail parts of the country as a temperance town, and noted for its enterprise and moral sentiments. The conse quence was that thousands of the best people in other States selected i* as their future residence, and settled here permanently. Among the settlers were many wealthy gentlemen who preferred a. quiet town of this character to one of the large cities. Mr. Landis employed a number of agents, each of which was provided with horses and carriages, called " victim wagons" by the older settlers, owing to the fact that a visitor seldom returned from a ride with one of these agents without making up his mind to buy land. Hall & Branch, and other land speculators at tempted to do business here in 1865 in opposition to Mr. Landis, but a monstrous mass meeting of citizens was held and resolutions passed against the establishment of any real estate offices of this character for a space of two years. Finding public opinion universally against them, the speculators retired. Vineland Lodge, F. and A. M. was established February 11, 1865. Tip Lodge has been very prosperous and hns a large membership. The Vineland Loan and Improvement Society was organized with fifty members in 1865. The annual reception at the close of the year 1865 was held in the new factory buildings, and more than three thous and people were present. The first Good Templar's Lodge in New Jersey was organized in Vineland July 25, 1866. A Methodist Church was erected in South Vineland the same year. The Fruit Preserving and Manufacturing Company was organized April 30, 1866, and estab lished an extensive business at the factory buildings on Sixth street. This company employed a large number of hands and did a prosperotn business for a time, but owing to some mismanagement of its affairs the company finally discontinued the operations. The Shaker Hood Com pany started business about the same time, and gave employment to a large number of men, women and children, till the shaker hoods went out of style. 20 HISTORY OF VINELANf). BAPTIST CIIUECII. : The Baptist Society was organ ized June 13, 1865, with fifty mem bers, by Rev. J. M. Challis. The Society has erected a fine church edifice, and is now in a prosperous condition. The Vineland Weekly, the first weekly paper, was started Septem ber 9, 1865, by M. C. & F. P. Crocker, and enjoyed a large pa tronage under their management. After the death of M. C. Crocker, the paper was conducted by F. P. Crocker, and was finally sold to Blaisdell & Thomas. Mr. Thomas soon retired from the business, and Mr. E. G. Blaisdell continued to edit and publish the paper till 1880, when it was purchased by H. K. Flint. On August 1st, 1880, the Weekly was consolidated with the Independent, with Mr. H. W. Wilbur, editor, and Wilbur & Flint, pro prietors. More than two hundred buildings were erected in 1805, the fol lowing being among the number : Mechanics' block, a three-story brick building, the Avenue Hotel, which was conducted by C. B. Webb, Lan dis' factory buildings,' and Paine & Mabbett's planing mill, now owned by Kimball, Prince & Co. The Unitarian Society was organized in '65 and Rev. Oscar Clute became the first regular minister. Meetings were held in Mechanics' Hall till the erection of the church in 1869. Mrs. A. M. iSpaulding,Vineland's poetess, died November 16, '06. Mrs. Spaulding's poems were published in. New York the year of her death, and had a large sale. More than twelve hundred buildings were erected in 1S66, among which were a new school house at West and Park, the " Earl House," a handsome three-story residence on Grape ^street, which cost nearly 12,000, and Prof. Marcius Willson's beautiful country residence on Landis avenue, near Spring road. The annual fair was held this year at Plum Street Hall and sur rounding grounds, on which occasion Horace Greeley delivered an ad dress. Mr. Landis offered generous premiums during the early years of the settlement for the best farms, most beautiful flower gardens, etc., which premiums were awarded at these annual fairs. The Vineland Pioneer Association was organized December 12, 1806, all citizens being eligible who settled here previous to January 1, * The spin- ofthe steeple has not. yet. been completed .v< represented above. HISTORY OF VINELAND. 21 1563. Tho Pioneers continue to hold annual meetings. The Vineland Independent was started in 1867 by William Taylor, and was run in the interest of those who opposed Mr. Landis politically and otherwise. Mr. Hale was connected with the paper but a short time, and disposjd of his interest to Mr. Charles Blew, whose relations with the paper were also brief. Mr. Taylor finally disposed of ihe business to Messrs. Gill & McKenzie, who sold to Messrs. Smith & Carruth. Mr. Smith did not continue long in the business, and sold his interest to Uri Carruth, who edited and published the paper. After the shooting of Carruth, the In dependent was conducted by C. B. Bagster till it was bought by friends of Edwin A. Teall, who conducted it for a short time and was succeeded by E. Gl Blaisdell. Wilbur & Dodge purchased the business in May, 1876. Dodge retired in 1877, and the Independent was consolidated with the Weekly in 1880. THE VINELAND RAILWAY. The people of Vineland found it would be greatly to the advantage of the place to have direct railroad communication with New York, and application was made for a charter for a road to run from Bayside to Atsion, and connect with the New Jersey Southern road. The charter was granted March 14, 1867, and the first meeting was held under the charter on July 27, following. The first officers of the Vineland rail way were : Charles K. Landis, Willam A. House, Col, II. W. Bostwick, W. 0. H. Gwynneth, C. B. Campbell, M. C. Crocker, Directors; Chas. K. Landis, President, H. W. Bostwick, Vice President, Wm. A. House, Secretary, Marcius Willson, Treasurer and William G. Peck, Superin tendent. Mr. Peck was succeeded in a short time by J. W. Mills. The road was completed from Atsion to Vineland, and the first passenger train win from here August 9, 1872. Gardner & Flinn, of Mass., were the contractors. The work of grading and laying the track continued till the road was completed to Bayside. A large proportion of the stock was subscribed in Vineland, some iu Greenwich, Bridgeton, Winslow, and other places along the line. The road failed to pay expenses, and was finally sold in 1873 to Jay Gould for $10,000; and was-«on- solidated with tho New Jersey Southern road. The Central Railroad of New Jersey now has entire control of the road from Bayside to New York, and constant improvements are being made. Many of the stock holders in the Vineland railway were heavy losers. The road, how ever has been one of the most important factors in the permanent pros perity of Vineland, affording the best possible facilities for the shipment of fruit and produce to the great markets of New York, Boston, Newark, Philadelphia and other places. The National Union camp meeting was held at the Vineland Park from July 17 to July 27, 1867. Large numbers of people were present 22 HISTORY OF VlNELAND. from all parts of, the country. The hotels, boarding-houses and many private residences were crowded with guests. The M. E. Church was completed in 1867, and several brick business blocks were erected. THE VINELAND M. E. SEMINARY. The leading Methodist clergymen of South Jersey decided as early ss 1864 that it would be wise to establish a Methodist Seminary in this section, and Vineland was finally agreed upon as a suitable location. The erection of the building was begun in 1 868, and the corner stone was laid with imposing ceremonies on November 18 of that year. The build- irg was finely located on grounds opposite the Park, fronting on the West Boulevard. The walls were finally completed and the building enclosed, but the funds being exhausted, the mammoth structure could .not be finished, and the conference found it an elephant on their hands. After expending all the money that could be raised by subscription, the Conference gave a mortgage on the property to Mr. MeGee, of Philadel phia, for $13,000, which, together with the subscription money made an aggregate of nearly $30,000. As no more money could be raised, the property was abandoned, and was sold twice for taxes. Mr. McGee fi nally foreclosed his mortgage and secured a clear title by paying all taxes and costs. An effort was made in 1878 by Rev. Thomas Conway and others to convert the building into an Inebriate Asylum, but suffi cient funds could not be raised to purchase and complete the structure. At the time of Mr. McGee's. death the property fell into the hands of his heirs. A Library Associition was organized Jan. 15, 1867, but did not prove a permanent success. The Vineland Advertiser was established by A. G. & O. D. War ner in 1868. The name of the paper was afterwards changed Jo the Vineland Democrat. The Democrat did not receive sufficient support and was published but a short time. Merchants' Block, Leavitt & Sherburne's Block, Baileys Block, East and West American Blocks, Thomson & Worden's Block, nearly all large three story brick buildings, were erected in 1868, andthe Vine- land Academy was rebuilt. Pearl button factories were started atthe factory bnildings on Sixth street, and oth?r industries were established. .1. M. Wiswell started a shoe factory and employed at first about forty hands. Frank Demmon also started a shoe factory on a smaller scale west of the railroad. The manufacture of shoes has since become one of the leading industries of Vineland. The American Building Block- factory was established on Landis Avenue near Maurice River by Jas. McClintock & Son, and proved quite successful for a time, but owing to some defect in the material used or the method of manufacture, the in dustry was short lived. Lake & Caldwell strrted a carriage factory at HISTORY OF VINELAND. 23 fe: fe| llmf i If i , n ifflEn ¦Aw Spa 13 fari '9QH pWHf iff Jjsiil! ta i^s^iw'ii f^flESil ijj Iiilli ill 1 9 I^S^bI il8S§ S^a^j wVl 3SSI WHS ^"Sti^'fiii^ Sr ^'TI'Lt!?^ "Cjjujksi] ,^=JJ//^; /,. ~3"v. ¦^fr**3ir~- 'jgjsl 1 fI53£») WBmi 1 X llSSls psgiaj"- W^ui*'^ K X Mk prim 24 HISTORY OF VINELAND. the concrete building corner of Grape street and West Boulevard, and did well till the building was burned, the fire resulting from spontaneous combustion. Mrs. Parker started the straw sewing business, employing a large number of hands, and Mr. John Prince and others erected fine i residences in tho same year — 1868. The Baptist Church, the largest church edifice in Vineland, was erected in 1868, D. S. Robinson being the builder. A town clock has since been placed In the tower. Ou June 25th, 1868, the New Jersey Editorial Association, en route to Cape May, stopped at Vineland, and after a drive through some of the principal streets, repaired to Plum Street Hall, where a big din ner was in waiting, prepared by the ladies of Vineland. The editors departed much pleased with the place. The Vineland Safe Deposit Company organized iu 1868 with a capital of $100,000, and opened a general banking and loan business. The first officers were : President, Edwin M. Turner; Vice President, Wm. A. Hquse; Cashier, Willis T. Virgil. HISTORY OF VINELAND. 25 CHAPTER VI. establishment of new factories and various industries and in stitutions — -important events — destructive eire in 1872 — dedication of high-school building — terrific tornado — from 1869 to 1875. Vineland continued to grow steadily through the period embraced in this chapter, although its advance was much slower than during the first few years of its existence. The establishment of new industries, and the increasing value of the farm products kept the place from suf fering seriously from the reaction which usually follows the unnaturally rapid growth of a new town. Miss Zilpha Hazlett, Vineland's first noted singer, began public singing in 1870, and has since been very successful, occupying remuner- v. v ative positions as soprano of large churches in Philadelphia aud Brooklyn. The Vineland High School was opened January 24, 1870, in Plum SU'Jet Hall, with Charles H. Wright as Principal. Mr. Wright occu pied that position till the erection of the high school building, when he went to Connecticut to teach, and Prof. Carver was engaged to fill the place. The High School District was formed by the consolidation of Districts five, six and eight. The large cracker bakery, Seventh and Landis, was burned on the evening of January 26, 1870. The flames communicated to Linnekin's lime sheds and E. K. Brick's carpenter shop, all of which were destroyed. The bakery and fixtures wero. insured for $1,600. The fire was sup posed to be of incendiary origin. ,-- Hon. William A House presented a petition to the Legislature praying for an amendment to the Constitution giving women the right of suffrage ; also same right to dispose of property as men. An attempt was made to rob James Wiley, Sr., on Saturday evening, February 20, 1870. Mr* Wiley was just returning home from busmess, and was as saulted by a ruffian on Wood street. He called for help, and the rob ber ran away for fear of being captured. Mr. Wiley had in his pocket $112, which was not lost. On the 10th of the following April the post office' at North Vineland was robbed of ten dollars in stamps. 26 HISTORY OF VINELAND. Oak Hill Cemetery Association was incorporated in 1870. Ten acres were purchased for a cemetery on Malaga road, which has been ren dered very attractive. Many of the natural trees have been left standing. The fine residence and barn of Mr. S. Jaqueth, on West Boulevard, were burned May 3, 1870. Insured for $4,150. The Farmers' Club, which was a very popular institution for some time with both old and young, was organized in May, 1870. Meetings were held weekly, which were devoted to music, literary exercises, lec tures and discussions on farm topics. Durirg the year 1870 Dyer & Hale erected a brick block adjoiuing Merchants' Hall ; House & Turner a handsome new brick bank building ; D. A. Newton, H. Haitson, F. S. Hale and others built "fine residences. The "\ ineland Gas Company was organized in August, and building commenced. The Orchard Road school house, a fine brick building was also erected in August. William A. House was re-elected to the State Legislature in November, 1870. An effort was made during the winter of 1871 to have a new county sut off from parts of Cumberland, Gloucester and Atlantic, but without success. During March, 1871, Charles Blanchard, of Chicago, held anti- secret society meetings at Plum Street Hall, which were attended by great crowds of excited people. The community was thoroughly around and about equally divided. The anti-masonic excitement caused a di\ i->- ion in the Presbyterian church, which led to the organization of the Congregational Society. The erection of a church on Elmer and Seventh streets was at once begun and was soon completed. Up to 1871, 23,000 acres of land had been sold on the Vineland tract. The curculio appeared in large numbers in the spring of 1871, aud considerably shortened the peach crop. Mr. Q. Wright raised from 225 to 250 bushels of sweet potatoes to the acre on new land. The Alden Fruit Preserving Company was organized in May, 1871. Mr. Peck established his shoe factory at the Landis factory buildings in June, 1871. Mr. James Wiley, firm of Hartson & Wiley, dry goods merchants, died on June 10, 1871. Mr. Wiley was a useful citizen and much respected by all who knew him. On Sunday afternoon, July 16, 1871, the most terrific storm that ever visited South Jersey, struck Vineland, causing great destruction of property. 'The tin roof of the seminary building was torn off the car house of the New Jersey Southern Railway was lifted from its founda tion and destroyed, the roof of the West .1 orsey railroad depot was blown off, a large boarding-house, corner of Third street and Landis avenue was reduced to ruins, the walls falling in on the eleven occupants of the house. The cries of the injured persons soon brought assistance, and thev were all rescued from the ruins. None were fatally wounded. Tim HISTORY OF VINELAND. 27 Episcopal church steeple was struck and fell on the roof of the building, demolishing the entire structure. The house of John Reed was un roofed, and other buildings and crops were more or less injured. The track of the storm was half a mile in width. Capt. S. M. Walls died at his residence on his fiftieth birthday, August 12, 1871. Capt. Walls had followed the sea from his early boyhood. Mrs. Parker paid out $7000 this year for straw sewing. James Wooding realized $120 this season from the sale of grapes from twenty-seven vines, the yield being 1000 pounds. The grape crop in 1871 amounted to about six hundred tons, which netted tlie Vineland farmers over $70,000. B. C. Skinner raised eighty-three bushels of wheat on four acres this season, and Cheever & Son made nearly 80,000 grape boxes, James Sawyer erected a fine residence on Landis avenue. Kimball, Prince & Co. purchased the lumber yard and door, sash and blind factory of D. A. Newton, in No vember, 1861, and have increased tha business to mammoth proportions. It was proposed in the fall of 18,71 to bond the town for $20,000 and build four large factories, the rent to be offered free for a term of years to some enterprising manufacturers, but the project was not carried out. A. G. Warner, editor of the Vineland Democrat and author of War ner's History of Vineland, died of consumption December 15, 1871. Mr. Warner was one of the earliest settlers. Messrs. Tucker & Proctor es tablished a shoe factory in Vineland in November, 1871. Rev. F. E. R. Chubbuck, the first pastor of Trinity church, Vineland, died at Clarks- boro, N. J., January 2, 1872. The rainfall for 1871 was 52:93 inches ; highest thermometer 96, lowest, -4. There were 113 rainy days. 'The Swedenborgian church, on Wood street, was completed in F'ebruary, 1872 . William Kennedy started a twine and cord factory on Spring Road in April, 1872. He has since removed to South Vineland, and now also manufactures rope. Mrs. H. B. Reese commenced the manufacture of shirts on a large scale in the spring of 1872. C. L. Richardson, one of the early \settlers of Vineland, died in Clayton April 23, 1872. Lucius Atwood's residence, corner Wood and Boulevard, was burned i'i April of the same year. The house, furniture, and cellar full of unfermented wine were insured. The thrip, which threatened extensive damage to the vineyards, began to disappear in 1872. A post office was established at Main avenue in the summer of 1872. EXTEN?IVE CONFLAGRATION. On Tuesday morning, July 6, 1872, at three o'clock, an alarm of fire aroused the citizens, and a small wooden building on the north side of Landis avenue, belonging to S. G. Sylvester, was found to be in flames. ]t was occupied by Bailey's harness and Hoffmann's barbershops. . The upper part ofthe building was occupied by D. A. Russell as a dwelling: The flames communicated to Sylvester's brick bloclc, occupied by Mrs. 28 HISTORY OF VINELAND. N. J. Brown's crockery and Warriner's jewelry stores. L. Newcomb, who resided on the second floor, lost most of his library and other valu ables. D. A. Russell's restaurant was in the basement of the brick block. The fire next attacked the House & Turner fine brick bank building, which was destroyed. The next building in the line of the conflagration was a wooden structure occupied by James Chance's gro cery. This building was torn down and dragged into the street, which prevented the fire from communicating with Mechanics' block and other buildings. The entire loss was estimated at $20,000, and insurance at $15,000. The burnt district was soon rebuilt, fine lirick blocks being erected on the sites of the old ones. A Hook and Ladder Company Was organized immediately after the big fire. x^*- Among the improvements in 1872 were the large elegant residence of George Scarborough, on Landis avenue, and the brick block of Brown '& Loughran. Sylvester's block and the bank building were rebuilt. O. 0. Shumway, proprietor of SUumway's book and stationery store died in January, 1873. Mr. Shumway was an old resident and a useful citizen. H. Durgin began the manufacture of gloves in 1873, and the busi ness has bsen very successful, employing a large number of hands. The Vineland railway was sold July 2, 1873, at the Vineland House, to Jay- Gould for $10,000. The Fourth of July was celebrated in 1873 by a Modoc procession, in which a large number participated. Comp any D, National Guard, was organized in July, 1873. G. G. Souther was chosen Captain, G. A. Cheever, First Lieutenant, I. N. Wilson, Second Lieutenant, Thomas Hull, First Sergeant. The com pany is now one of the best drilled and equipped in the State; and con tains a large number of expert marksmen. On August 8, 1873, the twelfth anniversary of Vineland was cele brated in an imposing manner. The New York Herald reporter, who was present, estimated the number of people who participated at the Park at 12,000. D. W. Allen was marshal of the day. The procession was the largest that had ever passed through the streets of Vineknd, "the principal industries and business houses being represented. At the Park speeches were made by Dr. Ingram, President of the Historical Society, Chas. K. Landis, Prof. Marcius Willson, and Rev. I. L. Beman. Rev. J. G. Tyler, a well known early settler, died August 14, 1873. The Building and Loan Association was organized in July, 1873. The institution has a large membership and is in a flourishing condition. Thos. Grigg, of Vineland, had a large exhibit of pears at the Penn sylvania State Fair in 1873, and was awarded twelve premiums, amount ing to thirty-eight dollars. Nearly every State in the Union was repre sented at this fair. W. T. Smith, of Vineland, also received the first premium on Duchesse pears atthe Provincial exhibition in London, open HLSTORY OF VINELAND. 2ft to all the world, and Philip Snyder first premium at the New York State Fair. On the 26th of September, 1873, the ceremony of laying the cor ner-stone of the Vineland High School building took place. The attend ance was very large. Appropriate speeches were made by Rev. J. L. Beman, Rev. N. B. Randall, Rev. William Pittenger and Prof. Willson. The Vineland Grrange, P. of H., was organized in the fall of 1873. The Grange has a large membership and is a favorite institution with some of the' leading" Vineland farmers, and weekly meetings are held. Many staple articles are bought by the wholesale and sold at cost to members. Mr. Langley, Dfewrocrat; was elected to represent the Second Assem bly District in 1873 by aihajority of 197 over Col. Willets. Italian colon;.zation»in Vineland was begun in 1873. The Italian farmers in North Italy found they could better their condition by coming to America, and a Jarge number of these industrious, law-abiding people have settled in East Vineland. They raise good crops and are well pleased with the new homes. Mr. Moses C. Crocker, founder, and for many years senior editor of the Vineland Weekly, died at his residence on East avenue, March 17, 1874, Mr. Crocker had been in failing health for a year, and was confined to the house several weeks previous to his death. He devoted his time and energies to« the Weekly during his connection with the paper, and labored earnestly for the interest of Vineland. He was born in Halifax, Mass., and was stventy-two years of age at the time of his death. Thd Weekly'was very successful, financially and otherwise under Mr. Crocker's management. * THE HIGH SCHOOL. The ing was HIGH SCHOOL BUTIVDING High School build- dedicated August 22, 1874. President U.S. Grant, Governor Parker, f-'ec'y Robeson, Ex-Secatur A. G . Cattell, General Bab cock, Hon. J. W. Hazeton and other dignitaries were presert. Company D, 4th Battalion, and the Vineland Cornet Band met. the dis tinguished party at the de- depot and escorted tl.em to the residence of Mr. Henry Hartson, where they partook 30 HISTORY OF VINELAND. of light refreshments and then proceeded to Plum Street Hall, opposite the High School building, where the exercises were to take place. Gen. Grant made one of his characteristically brief speeches, and appropriate remarks were made by Professor Willson, Secretary Robeson, Governor Parker, Senator Cattell, Hon. J. W. Hazelton and others. The High School building is one of the finest in the State. It is a large three- story brick building, with basement for recitation rooms, etc. This building cost the district $25,000. D. S. Robinson was the architect. Seven per cent, bonds were issued by the district for its entire indebted ness, amounting to about $35,000, which is now being paid at the rate of two thousand dollars per year. The cost of building the brick school- house, corner of Park and Second, was five thousand dollars, which is included in the bonded debt. This school-house was completed and dedicated November 3, 1874. It is a fine two-story brick structure. The Catholic church was completed and occupied for the first time on Christmas, 1874. It is a sizable stone building, and well calculated for the purpose of Catholic worship. Mr. Chester C. Gifford, one of the first settlers of Vineland, died at his residence, Landis and Seventh street, June 5, 1875. Mr. Gifford was born at Westport, Mass., 1S20, settled in Vineland in 1862 and engaged in the lumber business and afterwards established a carpenter shop on Sixth street. The Congregational Church was completed in February, 1874. This church is located corner of Elmer and Seventh streets, and is a neat, well finished building. Mr. Landis went to Europe in 1874 for the purpose of advertising Vineland and inducing colonies of English, Italians and others to locate in Vineland. On his return a large and enthusiastic meeting of citizens was held to welcome him back. On this occasion Mr. Landis made a long interesting speech, detailing the important results of his tour. HISTORY OF VINELAND. 31 CHAPTER Vll. A PUBLIC LIBRARY ESTABLISHED AND READING ROOMS OPENED — THE LANDIS-CARRUTH TRAGEDY — LARGE FIRE ON LANDIS AVENUE— THE DIXON SHOOTING AFFAIR — FROM 1875 TO 1878. A meeting was held at the office of K. M. Turner on May 24, 1876 for the purpose of organizing a Library Association. The object of the x\ssociation was to encourage the study of art, science and literature by the establishment of a library and reading rooms, courses of lectures, &c. Messrs. Braidwood, Bidwell, Bagster, Sylvester, and others were instrumental in establishing the library, which was opened in Sylves ter's Block, May 27, 1876, the present location. The library was ma. tcrially aided by liberal contributions of valuable books and money. The Journal was established in June, 1875, by W. E. Cansdell, being the first daily paper issued in Vineland. The Journal was sold in April, 1876, to Ladd & Spencer. Mr. Obert Spencer retired from the business the following year, since which time the paper has been edited and published by B. F. Ladd. In June, 1879, the publication of a weekly edition was begun in connection with the daily, and in the spring of 1881 a book and job printing department was added. Mr. John Mabbett, son of Truman Mabbett and formerly engaged in business in Vineland, committed suicide at his residence in Camden February 17, 1876. Mr. Mabbett was doing well in business, and no good reason could be assigned for the terrible deed. Charles Lyford received his commission and entered on the duties of postmaster in March, 1876. He had been acting for a long time previous as Deputy. A small daily campaign sheet was issued for two or three weeks previous to the spring election in 1876, by Mr. D. F. Morrill, entitled the Prohibitionist, which labored against the Citizens' ticket. The lat ter ticket, however, was successful. HIGH-SCHOOL GRADUATES. The commencement exercises of the Vineland High School were held iu Cosmopolitan Hall |n May, 1877, under the directipri of Prof. 32 HISTORY OF VINELAND. R. H. Holbrook. The hall was crowded with people and the exercises were highly interesting. The graduates were Mr. C. P. Scofield, Mr. John Wells, and Misses Phebe Wilbur, Stella Ingram and Lizzie Van- derburg. Diplomas were conferred by Mr. H. N. Greene, President of the School Board. Miss Ingram was the valedictorian. The commencement' exercises the following year were held in the same place, and a large class graduated. Over one thousand people lis tened to the exercises. Dr. J. Ingram presented diplomas to Misses May Fowler, Virginia Lane, Flora M. Ivins, Eleanor Burdette, Phebe Tice, Sadie Delaware and Fannie Doubleday, Cora Prince and Messrs, Everett Howe and Edwin Spencer. Professor Holbrook, Principal. The graduating exercises of 1879 were.. conducted by Prof, H. M. Pratt, then Principal. Diplomas were conferred .t,by Dr. J. Ingram on Mr. Will Byram, Harry Snyder, George Cunningham, Walter Whitten, Misses Katie West, Mattie Hurd, Josie Hopkins, J. Souder, Nellie In gram, Ida M. Peck, Helen J. Swift, Kittie PikeJ" Katie Russell, and EllaDelaware. The Vineland Advertiser was started by Thouison & Ellis in 1874. In Juue, 1875, Miss Estelle Thomson started 'the Daily Advertiser, which was published but a short time. The Advertiser was suspended a short time in the fall of 1876, owing to the serioui sickness of Mr. I. S. Thomson, and was afterwards purchased ,"3j Mr. W. V. L. Seigmau of Cape May, and edited for some time , by S. F. Hamilton. In Sep tember, 1878, the subscription lists of the Clayton Dollar Weekly and Advertiser were consolidated under the editorial management and pro prietorship of W. E. Cansdell. In July, 1875, the subscription list and patronage were sold to H. W. Wilbur and consolidated with the Inde pendent. V i A Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals was organized iu May, 1875. The society has done a good work in Vineland, much of the credit being due to Messrs. T. W. Braidwood, S. G. Sylvester, Major Wa'ker av.d others, who have devoted .both time and money to the cause. THE LAiNJHS-CARltUTH TRAGEDY. On March 19, 1875, Uri Carruth, Esq., Editor of the Vineland Independent, was shot by Mr. Charles K. Lanjlis, founder of Vineland. There were no witnesses to the first meeting jpf'.Messrs. Landis and Car ruth in the sanctum of the Independent offiqe. In a moment, however Mr. Carruth rushed into the composing roon-i and' ran to the further end of the room, when Mr. Landis stepped through the door and fired, the ball penetrating the back of tbe editor's head. Mr. Landis at once gave himself up to an officer and went before justice Hosea Allen, waiv ing a preliminary examination. lie was, soon released on bail to await HISTORY OF VINELAND. 33 the result of the shooting. Under skillful medical treatment Mr. Car ruth gradually improved and was able to be about a few months later, making a journey to New York and back by rail. It was then thought he would permanently recover, but ere a year had passed he died. Mr. Landis was tried before Judge Reed in Bridgeton, and acquitted on the plea of temporary insanity. The affair attraoted the attentiori of the whole country because of the prominence of the parties concerned. The cause of the tragedy was a loag series of personal newspaper attacks on Mr. Landis, criticisms of his policy and ridicule of both his public and private conduct. Some of the ablest lawyers in the country conducted the -case. Among the number were the late Attorney General Vannatta, for the State, Benjamin Harris Brewster, Chancellor Williamson, Hon. James Nixon, Col. William E. Potter and others for defence. The trial was long and tedious, continuing nearly a month. Messrs. Wilbur & Dodge began the publication of a daily paper in October, 1876, in connection with the Independent, which was continu'.d for three months. Mr. T. Cox started a marble yard in October, 1876> on Seventh street, south of Landis, and has been very successful. THE BAKER HOUSE. The Baker House, the finest hotel in South Jersey, and one of the best in the State, was completed in the spring of 1876. Messrs. Baker Bros. and James M. Wells furnished the capital for the enterprise. The building is a fine looking brick structure, four stories high, surmounted by a large tower and observatory, which rises sixty-five feet from the around. The main building is ninety-eight feet front by sixty-two feet deep. The ell part is three stories high and twenty-eight by forty-five feet on the ground. The entire building is heated by steam and furnished with water from a tank, the water being pumped into the tank by a steam engine from a large' well. The house is lighted by gas and supplied with electric bells. More than, two hundred persons can be accommodated in the spacious dining rooms. The pallors, reception rooms and sleeping apartments •ire all elegantly furnished. The house was opened on June 13, 1876 W Mr AV. F. Bowman. After |he departure of Mr. Bowman the hotel 34 HISTORY OF VINELAND. was managed successively by Mr. D. P. Peters and Major J. A. Hicks. It is now under the efficient management of Mrs. S. R. Fowlor, Post master Fowler having purchased the property of the original owners. The seventh anniversary of the settlement of Vineland was cele brated in a becoming manner on the 8th of August, 1876. There were a large number of visitors, principally editors and reporters, from Phil adelphia, New York and other places. They were taken about the place in carriages, and expressed themselves highly pleased with the place. In the afternoon Cosmopolitan Hall was crowded with people to listen to the speech of Col. J. W. Forney, orator of the clay. Remarks were also made by Prof. Willson, Col. Fitzgerald and Rev. T. W. Conway, and Mr. J. W. Hurn recited an appropriate original jioem. The visit ing editors wrote highly complimentary articles about Vineland and the celebration. THE DIXON SHOOTING. On September 13, 1877, Charles Francis, colored, was accidentally shot by J. N. Dixon, and expired almost immediately. Dixon at once surrendered himself to the authorities, waived examination, and was taken to Bridgeton jail to await trial. The Coroner's jury rendered a verdict that Charles Francis came to his death by a gunshot wound by the hand of J. N. Dixon. The facts of the shooting as developed at the trial before Judge Reed are as follows : While eating his dinner on the day of the fatal occurrence, Dixon heard a shot fired on a piece of laud adjoining his own on Brewster road. Having been frequently troubled by the depredations of gunners in that vicinity, he started to warn them off. Found March Lamb sitttingon a brush heap and his companion, Francis, at a little distance, looking for more game. He approached Francis and told him it was against the law to shoot quail. An alter cation ensued, in which Dixon claims Francis laid down the gun and seized a club, Dixon at the same time gaining possession of the gun, with whieh to defend himself if necessary. During the scuffle which ensued the gun was discharged, the charge entering Francis' right breast and severing the pulmonary artery. The trial lasted two days, and on October ninth the jury rendered a verdict of accidental shooting. The colored population were very much excited and exasperated at the ac quittal, believing the shooting to be wilful and premeditated. On the morning of September 30, 1877, a disastrous fire started in the small frame building occupied 'by Crowell & Hall's meat market. Soon after the discovery of the fire the building was wrapped in flames which communicated to Mrs. Smith's brick block and to Pierson's black smith shop. ' The next building, belonging to R. T. Cummings was also destroyed, and S. 0- Singleton's building was damaged before the flames wuld be arrested. The total loss was $8c 'JO, insurance $3000, divided HISTORY OI? VINELAND. 35 as follows : Mrs. Smith's loss on building, $4,500, insurance $2,2C0 ; Crowell & Hall's market, on building, stock and fixtures, $700 ; goods of Mr. Griffith, of South Vineland, stored in market building, loss $4C0 : Pierson's shop, loss $1000; Cummings' building, occupied by W. A. Thorne, shoemaker, and D. B. Towsley, painter, loss $80.) ; Singleton's building, damage $100, covered by insurance. W. H. Miller's loss on goods, $500. The first floor of the Smith building was occupied by Gould & Son's hardware store, ancl nearly all of their goods were saved. Mrs. Smith's block and Pierson's shop were rebuilt, and Baker Bros. have erected a large brick block on the other portion of the burnt dis trict, the first floor being occupied by three large stores, the second by Corapar.y K, Sixth Regiment, as an armory. After the fire, prompt action was taken on the subject of procuring a fire engine and providing a water supply. ' It was finally resolved to procure a first-class hand engine, and a large number of cisterns were built in the business portions of the town. The engine arrived and was brought out by the newly organized fire company, April 3, 1878. It was found that the engine would throw a stream 125 feet high and 150 feet horizontally. About 250 feet of hose came with the engine. The dry goods store of Henry Hartson was entered on the night of December 10, 1876, and robbed of one thousand dollars worth of goods. The goods were afterwards found secreted under the Baptist church ancl Joseph Baron was arrested on suspicion. He was tried, convicted, and sent to the penitentiary for a term of years. Baron was a comparative stranger in Vineland, and it was afterwards learned that he had been engaged in burglaries in other places. Mr. James Loughran, Democrat, was elected to the New Jersey Assembly in Novembar, 1877, by a majority of 480. The Daily Times was started November 17, 1877 by Mr. and Mrs. J . B. Duffey, who still continue its publication. In September, 1880, they began the publication of a weekly edition iu connection with the the dailv. ft 36 -HISTORY OF VINELAND. CHAPTER VIII. DEATH OF A NUMBER OF WELL-KNOWN CITIZENS — THE BANK ROBBERY —1878-9. The Spring election of 1878 resulted in a Republican majority The South Jersey Leader, Greenback, was started in March, 1878, by E. B. Osgood, but was not published very long, owing to the precarious condition of Mr. Osgood's health. During the winter and spring' of this year a series of pleasant reunions were held at the Baker House by the natives and former residents of various Eastern, Northern and West ern States. The Author's Carnival on the evenings of March 1, 2 and 3) 1878, was one of the most successful affairs of the kind ever produced in Vineland. Nearly one hundred were attired in rich and handsome costumes. Emma Abbott and Professor Arbuckle gave a delightful en tertainment at Cosmopolitan Hall in April, 1878. Mr. J ohn Reed, who was thoroughly identified with the early days of Vineland, was thrown from a wagon and died April 15, 1878, from his injuries. The funeral obsequies were conducted by the Odd Fellows, of which organization Mr. Reed was an honored member. The Vineland Board of Trade was organized by a number of public spirited citizens July 17, 1877. Dr. E. C. Bidwell was chosen Presi dent and Joseph Mason Secretary. This organization has worked faith fully with the means at its command for the material welfare of Vine- land. The African M. E. Church, on Seventh street, was burned in April. The building was insured for $1150. The insurance money was at once applied to the rebuilding of a fine brick church. Mr. R. C. Reed, a well-known wealthy citizen, whose winter resi dence was in Florida, died in New York City September 19, 1878, aged seventy-eight years. Mr. L. S. Wiswell committed suicide by hanging, October 5, 1875. Mr. Charles H. Wright, formerly Principal of the Vineland High School, died in Connecticut December 11, 1878. Mr. Wright belonged to the Presbyterian Church, and was a respected and useful member of society. Mr. Charles Lyford, who was at the time postmaster of this plaoe, died January 1, 1879, of consumption. Mr. Lyford's health had HLSTORY OF VINELAND. 37 been in a precarious condition for several years, but he was able to at tend to his duties in an efficient manner till a short time previous to his death. After Mr. Lyford's death Mr. S. R. Fowler was appointed post master, and at present occupies the position. Mr. George Pearson, one of the first settlers, and well and favorably known in Vineland, died suddenly of heart disease February 28, 1879. Mr. Pearson was a prominent and public-spirited citizen. He was of Quaker descent, and came from Pennsylvania to Vineland. Mr. Clifton Gwynneth, son of W. 0. H. Gwynneth, died March 4, 1879, after a year's sickness, of consumption. Clifton was a promising young man, and was missed by his many warm friends. Mr. B. Hibbard, business man, who was en gaged in the lumber business, died in October, 1875, Mr. Hibbard had a large circle of friends and was known as a man of unswerving integrity. Mr. Edward E. Dodds died August 3, 1877, after an illness of nearly a year. Ed. was a general favorite among his associates, and was known as a high-minded and promising young man. A. T. Parsons was elected to represent the Second Assembly Dis trict of Cumberland County in November, 1878, by a small majority. The Republican ticket was elected in the spring of 1879. BANK ROBBERY. Between the hours of twelve and one o'clock on April 22, 1879, four men entered the Vineland National Bank, three of whom engaged the attention of the cashier, Mr. T. H. Vinter, while the fourth slipped around to the vault and abstracted a large handful of bills and a bag of silver. Mr. Vinter observed the robber as he emerged from the vault, and the latter passed over to him a portion of the bills without a word and made his escape with $698. The robbers then sprang quickly into a waiting carriage and soon disappeared. Mr. Vinter being alone and unarmed, was afraid to leave the bank and give an alarm, and it was some time before a pursuing party could be organized. The audacious robbers were tnacked to Salem, where they hired a yacht and succeeded in making their escape. The Italian citizens began the erection of a fine two-story brick structure on Sixth street in 1879, to be used as an Italian school and hall for holding their meetings. / 38 HISTORY OF VINELAND. CHAPTER IX. INCORPORATION OF VINELAND UNDER THE BOROUGH ACT — DISASTROUS FIRE — LARGE CROPS OF BLACKBERRIES, CORN, SWEET POTATOES, ETC. — SEVERE WINTER 1880-1. Vineland had now become one of the most important towns in South Jersey, and the question of incorporation for the purpose of ob taining increased privileges was thoroughly discussed by the Board of Trade and at public meetings. A meeting of citizens was held on the evening of March 23, 1880, and resolutions almost unanimously adopted in favor of the incorporation of the town plot under the Borough Act. A committee of five was appointed to fix boundaries and make necessary arrangements for the holding of a special election on the question. The election, which was held May 26, resulted in favor of incorporation by a majority of fifty-nine ; for incorporation 181 ; against, 122. The election of borough officers was held on Tuesday, October 5. The entire Repub lican ticket was elected by a small majority over tho Citizens' ticket. The following officers were elected : Mayor, Quartus Wright ; Council- men for three years, Albro S. Brown, Henry Hartson ; Councilmen for two years, Solon S. Gould, John P. Ashworth; Councilmen for one year, K. Morley, H. B. Reose. An appropriation of five hundred doUars was made for borough expenses. The newly elected council lost no time in passing ordinances, whieh took effect December 15, «1880. Gilbert Wells and A. J. Washburae were appointed Marshals. The first ordi nance refers to nuisances and obstructions on streets and sidewalks. The second prohibits fast driving and driving on sidewalks. The third is an ordinance to suppress gambling houses and houses of ill-fame, and to prevent gaming for money or other valuables ; persons who resort to such places to be deemed disorderly. Fourth relates to the licensing of billiard saloons. Fifth prohibits the opening of* stores, shops and saleons on Sundays, provided that druggists shall not be prohibited from sellinc medicines, and milk dealers from delivering milk. Barber shops arc allowed to remain open till ten o'clock Sunday mornings. The sixth ordinance provides a penalty for disorderly or indecent conduct, drunk- eness, profane language, mutilating trees, fence*, ete. HISTORY OF VIlN ELAND. 39 DISASTROUS FIRE. On Wednesday, May 12, 1880, the most destructive fire occurred that has ever visited Vineland. The total loss was nearly $15,000 ; in surance $3000. Eight buildings were burned to the ground and a number of others more or less damaged. The fire started in the eugiue room of Hibbard's planing mill, and was beyond control in a few minutes. The building occupied by Jenkins' button factory adjoi.iiug the planing mill, was also soon wrapped in flames. The fire next attacked the Tice livery stables and the Chadwick house, and the four buildings were in a short time reduced to ashes. There was a strong wind, and while the firo department was fighting the flames on Wood street, tho flying cinders had ignited the roofs of a number of buildings on Landis avenue and Elmer street, several blocks distant. The fire company having done all they could on Wood street, quickly responded to the new alarm and soon had a stream of water playing on Henry Brown's house. The roof and upper story of the building was damaged to the extent of five or six hundred dollars before the fire was extinguished. Brown & Loughran's barn and stables, and the residence and barn of David Davis, on Elmer street, were the next to take fire and were burned to the ground. The firemen and citizens worked heroically, or the whole business and central portion of the town must have been de- troyed. The losses were : Hibbard's planing mill and button factory building, $6000, partially insured; J. A. Temple, machinery arid fur niture, $6C0 ; N. E. Jenkins, buttons and machinery, $3000; Tice's stables, fully insured for $1000; Mrs. Chadwick,'$700, insurance $600'; David Davis, $1000, insurance $500 ; Henry Brown's house, $600, in sured ; Brown & Loughran's barn, and David Davis' barn were unin sured; Fred Near, who occupied the Chadwick house, lost $340 in cash. The roofs of a large number of other buildings were slightly damaged. Mr. Thomas Dodds, a much respected citizen, died on March 22, 1880. The funeral was conducted by the Masonic fraternity. Mr. Dodds was born in London in 1820, came to the United States in 1847, and did business in Boston and Quinc}', Mass., for eighteen years. In 1865 he came to Vineland and was engaged in the merchant tailoring business for many years. Mr. Milo Hammond died April 10, 1880. Mr. Hammond came to Vineland from Vermont in 1863, and was asso ciated for many years with Mr. Pardon Gifford in the blacksmith busi ness. He gave up business ou account of failing health. Mr. Harey H. Ladd died September 28, 1880, at Norwood Park, Illinois. He was born in New York ancl was engaged iff business in Illinois and Wisconsin for many years. ' He came to Vineland in 1865 and resided here till the summer of his death. Mr. R. C. Sykes, a prominent citizen who has held many important s 40 HISTORY OF VINELAND. town offices, died on Wednesday, November 3, 1880. Mr. Sykes set tled in Vineland in 1864, and was engaged in the real estate and insur ance business up to the time of his last sickness. Mr. H. B. Gay, a well-known citizen, who was engaged iu the grocery business and afterwards opened a shoe store, died at the Phila delphia Hospital, where he was receiving treatment, December 8, 1880. Mr. Chas. H. Birkinshaw died December 17, 1880, of consumption. He was at one time extensively engaged in the manufacture of shoes. A Board of Health was organized April 17, 1880, under the law approved March 11, '80, consisting of the Township Committee, Assessor, and Township Physician. The thermometer registered 104 July 13, '80, 1>. cumber 31, 9° below zero; December 30, 12° below zero. The estimated value of the Vineland blackberry crop in '80, was seventy thousand dollars. The grape crop was the largest ever pro duced in Vineland, sixteen thousand tons. Sweet potato shipments to New York and the East for the season up to December 15, amounted to 12,378 bushels by way of New Jersey Southern railroad. Several thousand bushels were also shipped at other stations, making a total of about twenty thousand bushels. In addition to the above figures, sev eral thousand bushels were kept through the winter and shipped in the spring, and a large amount were consumed in Vineland. i The Vineland foundry was established by Armstrong & Co., Mr. J . N. Parker being a prominent member of the firm. The Vi'ieland National Bank was organized in November '78, with B. D. Maxham, President, Thomas H. Vinter, Cashier, Willis T. Virgil, Teller. Mr. H. N. Greene was afterwards elected President and Willis T, Virgil, Cashier. The National Bank was succeeded on January 1, '81, by the Security Trust and Safe Deposit Company. B. D, Maxham is President, Henry Hartson, Cashier, and Willis T. Virgil, Teller, The Wesleyan Methodist Church, a substantial brick building on Seventh street, was completed and dedicated January 23, '81 . Rev, William Schenck is the pastor. The total snowfall during January '81, was thirty-nine inches; total rainfall and melted snow, 681 inches. Lowest temperature,-12, highest, 46. This was the coldest January since the settlement .of Vineland, and there was more sleighing during the winter than in any year in the memory of the oldest inhabitants of South Jersey. Thomas Jones erected a number of new houses for tenements in the spring. At the March election the entire Republican ticket was elected, Township Committee, S. G. Sylvester, Quartus Wright, A. H. Kirk ; Clerk, L. D. Johnson; Collector, W. H. Loppy. Mr. James Sawyer, a prominent business man, died February 4, '81. 3Ir. Sawyer came to Vineland iu 1867, from Wisconsin, hoping a change of climate would benefit his health. He built two fine residences^ one HISTORY OF VINELAND. 41 on Landis avenue and one on State street, on his fine fruit farm ; was engaged in the clothing business for a number of years previous to his death. During his residence in the West Mr. Sawyer was a member of the Wisconsin Legislature,' Mayor of Fond-du-Lac, and held other im portant public positions. Mr. P. C. Brinck died on February eight, of pneumonia. He was a prominent member of the M. E. Church and a much respected citizen. R. C. Parvin removed his iron wagoti factory from Forest Grove to Vineland in March, and is doing an extensive business in the old foundry building on Sixth street near Almond. Eugene Bottelli established a fertilizer manufactory at East Vineland. Mr. Bottelli has had years of experience in the business at Newark, and will undoubtedly make a suc cess of the undertiking. The dedication of Odd Fellows' Hall in Cen tral block took place April 26. The High School commencement was held on the evening of May 20. An attractive musical and literary programme was presented. Mr. Nelson Roberts, president ofthe School Board conferred the diplomas. The graduates were Master Dudley Worden and Miss Carrie J. Pierson. Master Worden delivered an oration on the "Monroe Doctrine", and Miss Pierson read the vale dictory. Among the recent improvements are the fine brick residences ot Dr. Tuller and J. H. Hunt, and the remodeling of the old academy building by Major Hicks for a summer boarding house, to be known as the Grove House. The building is to be surrounded by piazzas and rendered very attractive- A large number of Viuelanders are interested in Sea Isle City, the new seaside resort recently started by Charles K. Landis and others. Mr. T. H. Doughty, Surveyor for the Sanborn Map ancl Publishing Company of New York, has just completed a survey of Vineland for a new fire map for the use of companies generally. He finds that there has been a great change for the better here since the last map was made, und that the risks will be much less hazardous than in the past.. FRUIT SHIPMENTS. The strawberry crop for the season ending June 25, 1881, was un usually large. The shipments at the New Jersey Southern depot were as^ follows: To New York, 6,221 crates; Newark, 1,523 ; Atlantic City, 104; Camden and Philadelphia, 157 — total, 8005 crates, or nearly 250,000 quarts, the gross receipts for which were $25,000. Consider able fruit was also sjat fro7n North and South Vineland and Main Ave nue Station. Some of the berries this year were the finest ever grown in Vineland. The blackberry crop was ahu very large, and high priues were maintained throughout the seasoc, During tho fifteen days ending July 42 HISTORY OF VINELAND. 27, 409,600 quarts were shipped to New York, Newark, Philadelphia and other points over the New Jersey Southern railroad. The prices ranged from ten to fifteen cents per quart, making the cash value of the above shipments about $50,000. During the balance of the season nearly $20,000 worth of blackberries were shipped, makiDg a total of about $70,000. The apple, grape and pear crops are proportionately large in Vine- land this year, and prices good., so that fruit farmers have very little cause fjr grumbling. The raspberry crop and the whortleberry crop were very large and brought satisfactory prices, HISTORY OF VINELAND. 43 CHAPTER X. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES OF VINELAND PIONEERS AND PROMINENT CITIZENS. J. C. Fuller came to Vineland in July, 1862, and purchased four lots. Erected a building for store and residence corner Landis and West Boulevard at a cost of fifteen hundred dollars. Established a large store for the sale of dry goods, groceries and farming implements. For several years past he has been extensively engaged in the coal, wood, hay and fertilizer business and in the manufacture of shell lime. Pre vious to settling in Vineland he was engaged in ranching in California. jMr. Fuller was born in Addison county, Vermont, February 24, 1826. J. W. Hum came to Vineland in 1876. He was born in England in 1823, and has be3n successively and successfully engaged in the fol lowing occupations : Carpenter, Editor, Telegrapher, Photographer, and at present a gentleman of leisure, a puuster, excursionist, pleasure seeker and literary character. James Wooding wis born in New Haven October 28, 1817. Was engaged in msrcintilj pursuits previous to settling in Vineland. He purchased the twenty acre fruit farm corner Main and Park avenues, known as the Sharp place, in the fall of 1866. The commodious house was erected in '58, previous to the founding of Vineland, and was occu pied for some time as hotel and post office. J. W. Mil's was born in Paterson, N. J., February 6, 1824. He was engaged in railroading operations for about twenty years in Ohio and Indiana, and brought considerable property to Vineland. Came here in 1866 and purchassd twenty-one acres of farm land and a house and three lots on East avenue, where he resided for a number of years. Mr. Mills is a prominent Mason and Odd Fellow. Pardon Gifford, Vineland's pioneer blacksmith, came to Vineland in October, '62. Bought five acres of land on East avenue, corner of Park, and two lots on Sixth street. Erected two houses on East avenue at a cost of 9,000 dollars — one in '73 and one in '75. Also shop on Sixth street. Mr. Gifford was born in Dartmouth, Massachusetts, in 44 HISTORY OF VINELAND. 1834, and was engaged in the blacksmithing business previous to settling in Vineland. Prof. S. P. York, at present principal of the Vineland High School, was born in Brookfield, New York, in 1829, and was engaged in teaching previous to settling in Vineland. Came here in '66 and purchased five acres of land for a fruit farm on Oak road. Erected residence the same year at a cost of $1,500. Prof. York has been engaged in educational work since his arrival in Vineland. Charles DeGroff came to Vineland April 15, 1864, and purchased thirty-five acres of land on Chestnut avenue, greeted a fine residence at a cost of $2,200. The farm is now all under cultivation. Twenty- f five acres is set to pears, apples, peaches and small fruits. Mr. DeGroff was engaged in the nursery business, farming and stock-raising in Wis consin previous to coming here. He considers the soil and climate of Vineland well adapted to fruit raising, and also to goneral farming, and pleasant and healthy. He was bom in Owasco, Cayuga County, New Vork, in 1821. F. S. Hale was born in Winchendon, Massachusetts, in 1826. He Was a farmer till twenty-one years of age. Went to California in 1857, and was afterwards engaged in stock raising in Kansas for three years. Came to Vineland in 1865, purchased lots and erected a fine residence on Elmer street for $3,000. The business blocks erected by Dyer Ik Hale cost $10,000. Mr. Hale Avas engaged in the grocery business in Vineland for a number of years in company with S. D. Dyer. W. G. White came to Vineland in 1866, purchased two lots on Wood street, and built a one thousand, dollar house. Mr. White was born iu Middletm, New York ia 1841, was a carriage maker and served bis country in the rebellion. S. R. Fowler, our postmaster, was born in New York City, April 21, 1821, and was a successful hat merchant previous to his arrival in v /Vineland in May, 1867. He purchased twelve acres of land on Main avenue and erectcid a fine house which cost four thousand dollars. He afterwards disposed of his country residence and fruit farm in exchange for the Baker House. Mr. Fowler says he came to Vineland in search of health and has found it. T. H. Vinter is a native of England, and was engaged for some time in mercantile business in the West. Settled in Vineland in 1877 and purchased half an acre of ground with house, corner of Landis avenue and Myrtle street, which he has greatly improved. The house cost five thousand dollars. Mr. Vinter was one of the directors and cashier of the Vineland National Bank for some time after its organization. Henry W. Wilbur, editor of the Weekly Independent, was born May 15, '51, in North Easton, New York, and was a farmer's boy pie- HISTORY OF VINELAND. 45 vious to coming to Vineland in 1867. ln reply to the questions of amount of land purchased ancl cost of buildings, Mr. Wilbur quotes tho words of the inspired poet : '¦ No foot of land do I posess, No oottase in the wilderness," But owns a mighty prinUng-pres?. Br. J. Ingram is a native of Scotland; came to tho United States in 1838, and purchased seven and one- third acres of land and two lots in Vineland in 1865. Erected a sixteen hundred dollar house on 4th street property in 1865, and a fine brick residence on Landis avenue in 1879 at a cost of $3,500. The Doctor is volunteer weather observer for the United States Signal Service. He believes in " Education, work, temperance, religion, and the freedom of our government." B. D. Maxham was horn October 10, 1821, in Woodstock, Vermont. Was engaged in merchandising and other lucrative operations in the far west for a number of years. Came to Vineland in October, 1871, and purchased the Parson's five acre fruit farm on Landis avenue. Residence cost five thousand dollars. Mr. Maxham invested heavily in the Vine- land National Bank stock, and was the first president bf that institution . He says : " There is no placs like Vineland, and none but Vineland that is just suited to my mind and condition in life." Captain C. P. Lord came to Vineland in February, 1866, bought sixty-five acres of land on Main avenue, and erected a house and barn at a cost of twelve hundred dollars. He was born in North Berwick, Maine, October 31, 1831, and is a machinist by trade. During the civil war the captain served his country well in the Sixth Massachusetts and Eighth Maine volunteers. The Rev. George L. Dobbins, pastor ofthe M.E. Church, was born September 9, 1840, and came to Vineland March 23, 1881. Mr. Dob bins was pastor cf the M. E. Church at Bridgeton previous to his c miin^ to Vineland. L. L. Belknap came to Vineland in 1865 and bought eight lots. Erected a fine residence which cost $4,000. His business previous to settling in Vineland was dealing in lumber. Was born in Sterbridge,1 Massachusetts in 1822. Has bden engaged in mercantile busines; and the manufacture of Nothing in Vineland. J. C. Parsons was born in Gloucester, Massachusetts, December 25, 1825. Is a mason by trade, and foUowed that business in Boston and Gloucester previous to coming to Vineland. He came here in June, 1862, and purchased five acres on Landis avenue, which was set to fruit and well improved. Sold to B. D. Maxham in 1872. Afterwards bought land on East avenue near Chestnut. Mr. Parsons was for a long time agent for Charles K. Lands, and has hold important township offices. O. D. Graves was born in Hebron, Connecticut, in the year 1817. 46 HISTORY OF VINELAND. Came to Vineland in May, '62, purchased two-and-a-half acres and built residence at cost of $1,400. Mr. Graves was for a long time mail agent on an important railroad line before coming to Vineland. There were only three buildings in the city plot at the time of his arrival : The Ben Franklin House, Mr. Landis' office, and the building occupied by Ferrell's grocery. Mr. Graves has figured prominently in town poli tics on the Democratic side. George Roberts came to Vineland in '66 and purchased property. Cost of buildings $7,t00. He was born in Bacup, England in 1S09, and came to the United States in '28. Was a successful merchant in Roch dale, Massachusetts, for twenty-five years. S. S. Gould was born in Hanover, New Hampshire, October, 9, '23, and was in the tin business before coming to this place. He settled here in '67, bought four lots on Eighth and Pear streets, and built residence at cost of $2,500. He was formerly senior partner in the firm of Gould & Thorndike, hardware dealers, but retired several years ago, and is now head of the firm of Gould & Son. Thomas B. Steele settled in Vineland in '66, and purchased house and two lots on West avenue, corner of Landis. Mr. Steele has been engaged for a number of years in the real estate and insurance business, and was an ice dealer before coming to Vineland. He was born in Len nox, Massachusetts, August 18, 1835. W. Berault was born in New York City in December 17, '49, and was a college student previous to coming to Vineland. Purchased fifteen acres of land, and has since purchased the fine residence of E. Coleman. Mr. Berault is now successfully practicing law here. A. K. Hobart came here in '68 and purchased thirty acres of land. He was a brick manufacturer before coming here, and is still extensivelv engaged in the same business on East avenue. He was born in Syracuse, New York, in 1843. Ira S. Thomson was born in Berkshire county, Massachusetts, and was engaged in mercantile business before coming to Vineland. He settled here in 1866 and bought a fine residence on Elmer street. Owns one-half of Central Hall Block, which cost $7,50". Was for some time editor of the Advertiser, and is now in the real estate business. J. P. Ashworth was born in England, August 4, 1841. Cam" to Vineland October 14, '64, bought two town lo.ts and built house in '69. George A. Cheever was born in Medway, Massachusetts, November 24, 1843. He came to Vineland in '66 and purchased twenty-five acres. Has been engaged in papsr-box manufacturing and book binding since coming to this place. J. W. Faunce, one of the first pioneers, arrived here and purchased five acres in April, '62. Mr. Faunce was born in Middleboroiiuh, Mas sachusetts, in 1805, and is a carpenter by trade. HLSTORY OF VINELAND. 47 Thomas H. Hawkins was born in Woonton, New Jersey. He re sided for many years in Boston, and was a dealer in West India goods. Came to this place December 21, '70, and has established an extensive shoe manufactory. Dr. E. 0, Bidwell came to Vineland in '66, and established a drug store. He was born in Berkshire county, Massachusetts, in 1820. lie had been a practicing physician and a surgeon in the army before locating here. John Prince was born in Massachusetts, District of Maine, in 1815, five years before Maine was admitted as a State. Was a miller and Justice of the Peace in Maine, and came here in '64. Purchased forty acres on Walnut road, and has since purchased a number of city lots. His residence cost $5,000, and two other houses $2,500 each. Has been in fifteen other states, and likes Vineland best of any place he has seen. Myron Beach settled in Vineland in December '62, and purchased a twenty acre farm on Chestnut avenue. He was born in Lockport, New York, July 24, 1817. M. J. Kimball was born in Wallingford, Vermont, and came to this place in January, '66. Has been in the lumber business since '"coming here. Was with Earl & Butrick as salesman, D. A. Newton as book-keeper, salesman and manager. When the present firm of Kimball ; Prince & Co. was organized, they purchased the business of D. A. Newton. John Gage was born in Litchfield, Herkimer County, New York, where he followed farming until twenty-one y^ars old, when he went to Watertown New York and started a foundry business and continued it for twelve years ; then went to Chicago ani purchased a lot for a mill in company with Daniel Lyman. Here they built the first flouring mill in Chicago and run it constantly for ten years, then sold it. On the third of February, 1847, moved to Lake County, Illinois, on a fifteen hundred acre farm and followed farming, besides buying and running a mill in Chicago until the summer of 1868, when he came to Vineland, purchased lands and houses, 136 acres, costing $19,000. Mr. Gage says : M'y business has always been on my farm, in my mill or foundry, beginning life at twenty-one years with only my clothing, sticking to work without trade or traffic, not even trading horses, watches or jack-knives, except swapping my first house and lot in Vineland. I strove hard after I came there to establish an Industrial College as I had done before, with no success but this, to help bring the subject before the world, and help to hasten the day when the head and hand shall be educated together. Hi Ni Greene was born in New Bedford, Massachusetts, May 29, 48 HISTORY OF VINELAND. 1829, and was engaged in the jewelry business previous to coining to this place in '69. Mr. Greene's fine residence cost $8,000. He has held numerous important public positions in Vineland. Was Secretary of Agricultural Society and Fair Association, Chosen Freeholder four years, President ofthe National Bank, Board of Education, Beaver Lake Association, Shepherd Book Club, &c. He is now interested in silver and coal mining operations. William H. Loppy was born in Troy, New York, March 27, 1838, Came to Vineland in '64, purchased two lots, and built a $1,3(0 house in 1865. He is now Collector for Landis Township, and a prominent local politician. B. Swain, Jr., was engaged in whale fishing from New Bedford. Came to this place in '62 and purchased "forty acres of scrub oaks." The land is now well under cultivation. Capt. Swain was born in 1820. Captain Hiram Farrand was born in Vermont in 1822. Was a soldier and civil engineer previous to locating in this place in '65. L. D. Johnson, photographer, was born in Bridgewater, New Hampshire, January 19, 1832. Came here in '68, purchased town lots and built house in '69, at cost of $2,000. Williams Pierson, proprietor of the Ben Franklin House, is a native of Indiana. He was born in 1821. Purchased a farm of sixty- three acres on Malaga road in 1864, and settled here the following year. Was engaged in. farming for a number of years. James Chance was born in Port Elizabeth, New Jersey, in 1841, and came to Vineland in January, '62. He was Collector for Landis Township four consecutive years. A. W. Thorndike, firm of Gould & Thorndike, was born in Vermont in 1841, and was engaged in general merchandise business before com ing here in '68- He has lately purchased a fine residence on Wood street and made extensive improvements. " Came to Vineland fvr business and found it." William A. House was born at Little Meadows, Pennsylvania, and removed to this place in the spring of '64. Purchased six lots on East avenue between Wood and Landw, and built fine residence for $4,t00 Mr. House has been success! ully engaged in practicing law before and since settling here. Thomas T. Cortis was born in Connecticut April 20, 1817. He came. to Vineland in '63, and purchased seventy acres of land. Built residence at cost of $1,250 . He has been twelve years Deputy Sheriff of Cumberland County, Constable seven years, Overseer of Poor six years, and School Trustee two years. L, W. Brown, M. D., a successful practicing physician, was born in Cleveland, Ohio, and cams to Vineland' in '64, . Bought ftftyTejght HISTORY QF VINELAND. 49 acres, and has twenty acres in cranberries. House cost six thousand five hundred dollars. S. D. Dyer is a native of Maine, and was a merchant previous to the time of coming to this place in '65. Entered into partnership with F. 8. Hale, and the firm erected Dyer & Hale's block in 1870. Build ing and land cost $10,000. In 1873 they built Liberty block at about the same cost. Dyer & Hale were engaged in the grocery business for a number of.years. •" J. Sowle came to Vineland in 1862, and bought eighteen acres on East avenue. He was born in 1818 at Westport, Massachusetts, and was a New England farmer for a number of years prior to settling here. Willis T. Virgil was born in Plymouth, Pennsylvania, Ootober 15, 1847. He was a school-boy and soldier before coming to this place. He came here in 1866 and has been engaged in banking and law busi* ness since August 1, 1867. Was a director and teller of the National Bank, and is teller of the Security Trust and Safe Deposit Company. N. P. Potter was born in Windham County, Connecticut iri 1819. Was a merchant and held public offices before coming to Vineland. " He purchased forty acres in 1867 and settled in South Vineland at the time of his. last purchase. Mr. Potter was for several yea-s editor of the New Jersey Good Templar, published in this place., X P- P- Baker, firm of Baker Bros, came to this place in 1869, and ''has invested $63,000 in building improvements here. He was born in Lewisburg, Pennsylvania, January 14, 1846, and was a farmer previous to locating in Vineland. Baker Bros, have been very successful grocers since establishing that business here. Dr. J. R. Elton was born in Delhi, New York, September 4, 1818. le came to Vineland in July' 1865, and purchased town lots. Cost of buildings, $4,('00. He was formerly engaged in the drug and dry goods business. Jas. McMahan was born in Northumberland county, Pennsylvania, in the year 1810, and has followed farming most of his life. He came to this place in May, 1862, purchased land and erected residence. C. B. Campbell was born in Herkimer, New Hampshire, and was a lecturer and farmer before coming here. He purchased Vineland property in 1862, and settlecMiere the following year. Cost of building fifteen hundred dollars. Mr. Campbell says : " 1 was educated for teaching and preaching ; soon discovered the mistake. Went West and got the ague; camf to Vineland and got well." He hs been promi nently identified with the progress of Vineland. Thomas Jones was born in Birmingham, England in 1832. He Settled in Vineland in 1872, and now owns twenty-two acres with resi dence at South Vineland, and eight houses and groye adjoining ths M, $. Cburoh \a the borniigl), 50 HISTORY OF VINELAND. Dr. E. R. Tuller settled in this place in March, 1866. Purchased ten acres of land, and has lately erected a fine brick residence. He is a successful practicing physician. Was born O.ctobcr 1, 1825, in Chau tauqua county, New York. ,.w , L: F. Babcock, was born in Windsor, Connecticut. Came to Vine- land in 1870. Has built two houses and established auction store Oc tober, 1879. He has been constable a number of years and a successful detective. Dr. C. R. Wiley established in Vineland as a physician in June, /1865. He was born in Cape May November 2, 1844, and was assistant surgeon in the United Staes army. Rev. James Walden, pastor of the First Baptist Church, came *o Vinelamd March lj 1880. He was born in London, England. Hon. James Lbughran was born in Hainden, Delaware county, New York, February 1, 1831, and was engaged in meicantile business prior to settling in Vineland. He purchased fifteen acres of land in April, 1869. Has been engaged in mercantile business since the fall of 1869, and is an extensive shipper of fruit and farm produce. He has held important township offices, and was elected to represent the Second District of Cumberland County, in the New Jersey Legislature iu l>i7hi. S. C. Singleton was bom in Philadelphia in January, 1844. Settled in Vineland in 1871. Heis engaged in paper hanging and dealer i>i wall papers, curtains, curtain fixtures, &c. Thomas Grigg was born in England, where he had wide experience in agricultural pursuits. Since coming to this country he has been a very successful farmer and fruit grower. He has one of the best farms in Vineland, on East Boulevard, near North Vineland. Rev. J. O. Wells, pastor ofthe Presbyterian Church, came to Vine- land about sixteen years ago from Long Island, and has since occupied the position of pastor of that church. Wilbur F. Wilson was born in 1841 at Saratoga county, New York. Came to Vineland in 1875. He says : Vineland is adapted to farming, and with care and experience, will rank with any place in New Jersey. David Cunningham Was born in Philadelphia, where he had resided most of his life previous to' coming to Vineland. He settled here in '63 and purchased eighteen acres on East avenue. He established one of the first shoe factories in Vineland. S. G. Sylvester is a native of Vermont, ancl was engaged in mer cantile business in that Stat|e. He settled in Vineland in 1866, and has built a handsome brick resi\ienc6 and bus'ims* blocks. Mr. Sylvester has been a member of the Township Cjh. mittee for a number of years and still occupies that position. . HISTORY OF VINELAND. CHAPTER XI. VINELAND'S MANUFACTURES AND INDUSTRIES. Vineland is favorably situated lot, manufacturing of various kinds, being located at a convenient distance froiu Philadelphia and New York with direct railroad communication. Labor . can be had cheaper than in many manufacturing cities, and manufacturers here compete success fully with Philadelphia establishments. The manufacturing interests are rapidly growing, and the time is not far distant when Vineland will be reckoned among the most importantNew, Jersey manufacturing towns. A. K. HOBART'S BRICK > YARD. ., , t ¦ This well known brick yard was established in 1868, and has been carried on very successfully ever since underjseveral different firm names, although the Hobarts have always had a controlling interest. In 1880 M r. A. K. Hobart bought his brother's interest in the business, and now carries it on under his own management and supervision, he b.eino- sole owner and proprietor. When Hobart's^yard was established in 1868, th^re were three other yards here in full operation, but they, not being able to compete with Mr. Hobart in price and quality, were soon abandoned, leaving Mr. Hobart the only one on the Vineland tract. 31r. Hobart employs on an average twenty-ifive hand71. One million and a half of the best quality of brick will be made this year (1881). The business under the management of the present owner has grown very extensively, and is constantly on tlie' increase. The best Brick in the market comes from this yard. He makes" twenty different patterns of brick, including the regular Philadelphia pressed brick. A' very large ' quantity of brick are being sent to Atlantic City, Malaga glassworks, Clayton glassworks, and Glassboro' glassworks from this yard, over' one million being sent to the" above places the past year. Nine-tenths of all the brick used in Vineland conies from this yard, and that is saying a good deal, but it is a faet, nevertheless. .Those who know whereot they speak, say they prefer Hobart's brick to any other. Orders are constantly coming in, from all park, and at times he finds difficulty in supplying the demand. The original firm of Hobart Bros. & Co., 52 HISTORY OF VINELAND. graded seven miles of the Vineland railway which runs near their place of business. Mr. Hobart is a practical brick maker, and guarantees the best brick for the least .money. As an evidence of the amount of business done at this yard, people can judge by the teams passing at all hours during the day hauling bricfc from the yard to the depot to be shipped to various points. Hobart runs heavy double teams, and the name, " Hobart's Brick Yard," is on every wagon. Orders promptly attended to. GEORGE A. CHEEVER, GRAPE BOX MANUFACTURER AND BOOK-BINDER. Started in 1866. Carried on the manufacture of paper boxes, making the celebrated Cheever grape box a specialty. The -firm was known for a number of years as D. A. Cheever & Son, but owing to the ill health of D. A. Cheever, the business is now carried on by Gt. A. Cheever, ' who has always' superintended the whole concern. The firm is now doing an extensive business, making thousands of boxes annually for, the various glass firms throughout South Jersey. This was the' first factory of the kind established in South Jersey. The. factory1- turns out some years as many as four hundred thousand grape boxes alone, besides their other work of binding, &c._ The most, improved machinery is now used, and as orders are constantly coming in, it is found necessary to keep a large force of men and women constantly at work. E. O. MILES, PEARL BUTTON MANUFACTURER. Carries.on an extensive button factory in Vineland, giving employ ment to fifty hands, the mest of whom are skilled workmen and make the best*of wages. Pays out over three hundred and fifty dollars per week for help. This firm turns out between seven and eight hundred dollars Worth of work every wetfk. The goods are sold in Philadelphia and New York, and all through the East and West. L.- L. BELKNAP, MANUF ACTURER OF WEARING APPAREL, Came tq Vineland in 1865. Commenced to manufacture coats, pants vests, shirts,' drawers and other wearing apparel in 1874, giving employ ment to fifty hands on an average, but has upwards of three hundred who only work part of the time. The above goods are made principally for large hofuses in Philadelphia. This business has become one of the principal industries of Vineland. Mr. Belknap also docs a large business in sewing machines. CHARLES KEIGHLEY'S SHOE FACTORY. Mr. Keighley first started on a small capital in 1875, in a building on Sixth street, now occupied by Thomas H. Hawkins. He gave em ployment then to about ten hands. He moved to Brown's block, corner Sixth and Landis avenue, in a short time, and remained there three months. Business then began to grow to such large proportions, that he HISTORY OF VINELAND. 53 found it necessary to seek larger quarters— ,moving to the present loca tion on East Boulevard and Montrose street, Mr. Keighley has found it necessary to enlarge the building and make alterations about every six months since moving to the present location, until now he has 8,516 square feet of flooring— the largest shop in Vineland. One hundred hands find employment at this shop, to whom he pays very good wages in cash every Saturday at two o'clock. Mr. Keighley has all the latest improved machinery in his shop, including twenty sewing machines. He is making an average at present of two thousand pairs of shoes per week, which he finds ready sale for — always having large orders ahead. Keighley's shoes are all sold in New Jersey and Pennsylvania. Keighley's Cornet Band was organized in the winter of 1879, and is composed of the employees of this shoe factory. The tand numbers eighteen members with drum major, has splendid uniforms and is con sidered one of the best bands in the State. MRS. E. F. BELKNAP, MANUFACTURER OF CLOTHING, Mrs. Belknap came to Vineland in 1865 ¦ has been in the manu facturing business since 1871 ; makes ladies' and gentlemen's clothing of all kinds. The work is given out from the sewing department of her residence, corner of East and Landis avenues ; employs an average of one hundred and seventyrfive men, women and children all the year round. The work comes principally from Philadelphia, Baltimore and New York. Mrs. Belknap is an expert at this class of work, and has the reputation of always giving first-class satisfaction. She is doing work for some of the largest houses in New York and Philadelphia. She is also agent for the Weed Sewing Machine, and sells an average of one hundred per annum. A. H, BLAISDELL'S MACHINE WORKS. These works are located at the intersection of the New Jersey Southern and West Jersey Railroads. Mr. Blaisdell, previon s to set tling in Vineland, was engaged in the machine business in Bristol, New Hampshire, for five years, also Newton, Massachusetts, two years. He -Wai afterwards assistant foreman of a large machine shop at Worcester, Massachusetts, lor five years, He came to Vineland in March, 1872, went into the machine business in April of the same year, in Landis' factory building on Sixth street. He remained there till October, 1873, doing a very extensive business, when he removed to the shop on Sixth street, between Wood street and Landis avenue, where he worked up a trade of large proportions. He remained there some time, when he sold out to Wells o; Scofield— they carrying on the business for four years. Mr. Blaisdell then repurchased and leased the business in 1877, after it was moved to the present location. Thereis at present $7,000 invested in machinery, tools, and stock. Some of the finest tools in the country 54 HISTORY OF VINELAND. may be found in this shop. Mr. Blaisdell employs on an average eight ' or ten experienced -workmen'. He is at present engaged very extensively in building the Diamond Portable Engine, Milling Machines, Iron Sha- pors, Hand and button Lathes, Steam Engines, Boilers, Shafting7!, Hangers, Gearing, Belting, Mill Findings, Iron and Wood-working Ma chinery of all kinds, Turing, Plaining, Milling, Drilling, Gear and Screw Cutting, Emery Grinding, Forging, Patterns, Bolts, Screws, Castings, Steam Heating Apparatus, Power and Hand Pumps, Steam and Water Gauges, Scotch Glass Tubes, Valves, Cocks, &c,. Pipe and Fittings of all kinds for Steam, Water, or Gas, on hand or furnished at the lowest prices. General Jobbing and Pattern Making a specialty. Most of the work done at this shop cemes from outside of Vineland. The shop runs on full time all the year round. The future prospects of this establish-. ment are very bright. Mr. Blaisdell is a master machinest and always gives the best of satisfaction. J. H. HUNT'S SHOE FACTORY. Mr. Hunt started the factory formerly run by Chas. H. Birkinshaw,. in 1874. He furnished the capital and stock, and took all the.shoes that were made. Mr. Hunt came to Vineland and took charge of the shop on Landis avenue (the present loeation), and is now doing a brisk busi ness, giving employment to over fifty hands the year round. He is turning out over a thousand pairs of shoes per week, for which he finds a ready sale in Pennsylvania and New Jersey. He pays cash wages every week, iind his pay roll will compare favorably with any in town. Pays out nearly four hundred dollars per week. Paid out last year .over fifteen thousand dollars in wages. ~Has all the machinery that can be made use of in a shop that is run by foot power. The work is of various grades,. of a good line, including some mens' and boys' calf shoes. The shop is managed by Mr. J. H. Cunningham. R. S. ARMSTRONG'S FOUNDRY. This business was established in 1830 at Milton, on the Hudson, New York State. Was moved to Vineland in August, 1880, by Mr. Armstrong, who brought his tools and machinery with him. Mr. J. N. Parker was taken as a partner for the first three months, after the busi ness was brought to Vineland, but he went out altogether,and the .concern is now carried on by the. original owner, Mr. Armstrong. The principal kind of work clone is iron mortars for druggists, iron standards for shoe makers, fire dogs ancl wagon boxes, wliich are used principally in the South. Plows and plow castings a specialty. Employs , six' skilled workmen. This is the only foundry on the Vineland tract. Capital over six thousand dollars. Goods shipped to New York, San Francisco, Boston and other large cities. Business is brisk, they having orders always ahead. HISTORY OF VINELAND. 55 31. DONBAVAND'S CLOTHING MANUFACTORY. The manufacturing business now carried on by Mrs. M. Donbavand was established in 1875 by Mrs. Carpenter, who sold to the present owner. in July, 1881. The business is one of the best of the kind in Vineland, a finer class of work being made, and requiring a better class of work men. The wages of this establishment are almost double that of any other factory in Vineland. The principal part of the work will haws to 'be made in the factory instead of giving it out for the women to take to their homes. Goods are at present made for Philadelphia houses, but will do work for New York firms soon. Employs about fifty hands now, and will increase shortly. Will also take the agency of a sewing machine in a few weeks. THOMAS COX'S MARBLE WORKS. Mr. Cox came to Vineland in 1875 from Absecon, New Jersey, where he carried on an extensive business ever since he finished his ap prenticeship in Philadelphia. After establishing his business here, he sold out his business at Absecon, and devoted all his time to his shop here for three years, then he opened a branch yard at Millville, New Jersey, six miles below Vineland, in 1878, and is now doing a flourishing business at both places. He is' prepared' to furnish every thing inthe line of marble, granite, blue stone, &c. Mr. Cox is a skilled workman, and did most of the fine work to be seen about Vineland. He is now turning out some very fine monuments and head stones for parties in and around Vineland. Cemetery lots enclosed in marble and galvanized railing. Fine marble work of his own skill on exhibition at the Vineland Fair of 1881, which caused considerable comment. KIMBALL, PRINCE & CO. Messrs. Kimball, Prince &, Co., purchased the lumber, door, sash, and blind business of D. 0. Newton & Co. in 1871. The firm is com posed of M. J. Kimball, W. V Prince and John Prince. The mill was built by T. Mabbett in '65, and Paine & Mabbett'carried on the business till '70, after which it was conducted by Mabbett & Son one year, when ths present firm took it and have been very successful for ten years. Kimball, Prince & Co. have already extended their business from Vineland to -almost all the section of country in New Jersey south of Vineland and have a large business in Cape May County. Theii' facilities for turning out first class work are the very best. WAGON MANUFACTORY. ¦R. C. Parvin & Co., wagon nianufactui ers of the Parvin iron wagon, established the business at Forest Grove in,1878. In April of '81, the factory was removed to Vineland. At present the business is princi pally confined to South Jersey, but is growing rapidly, the patent hav- ing proved a great success; Mr. Parvin expects soorj-to fill orders from 56 HISTORY OF VINELAND. all over the middle states and other parts of the country. Mr. Parvin resided in this section of the country long before the founding of Vineland. H. T. CRAVEN'S MARBLE WORKS. Mr. Craven came to Vineland in February, 1881, from Yorkshire, England, where he was manager of large marble and monumental works. He at once opened a yard in this place, and succeeded in working up a a brisk trade. He is a thorough mechanic, having worked for the Duke of Devonshire, Duke of Portland and other notables. Now engaged in doing all kinds of building and monumental work. The whole construc tion of the New Episoopal Church, now in course of erection, is under the superintendency of Mr. Craven. He understands thoroughly and is going into the terra cotta, vase, and garden edging business. He is also an expert at plan drawing, such as some of the best to be found in the old world architecture a specialty. THOMAS H. PROCTOR'S SHOE FACTORY. Mr. Proctor established business in Vineland in 1872. He gave employment to one hun lred hands and turned out about sixteen hundred pairs of shoes per week. At present he employs about fifty hands and makes probably one thousand pairs of shoes per week. His pay roll amounts to nearly three hundred dollars per week. He employs first class, steady workmen, under the foremanship of J. F. Webber. Mr. Proctor runs his machinery by foot power, and has all the late improved machines, JA&ES' BUTTON FACTORY* The pearl button factory of David James is located at the corner of Brewster road and Maple avenue. He employs fifteen hands and manufactures from four to six hundred dollars worth of goods per week. The "factory is run by steam. E. CHAMPION'S SHIRT FACTORY. Began the man ufacture of shirts and drawers in Brown's block in 1880. Employs about sixty hands, mostly in V ineland, a few in Millville and Willow Grove. Pays out about seventy-five dollars per week, the most of the hand.7 only working part of the time. Business gradually on the increase. H. DURGIN, GLOVE MANUFACTURER, Started the business in 1872. Is manufacturer of aud dealer in gloves, &c. Employs ten h inds and upwards. F. Marsten is an ex' ensive manufacturer and dealer in Carpets Matting, Oil Cloths, &c. lie started several years ago without capital, and sucoeeded in building up a good. business, {Ie js at present^ lopped jn tho bafjpnif-mt of fiakpr Bros, blook, HISTORY OF VINELAND. 57 THOMAS I.I. HAWKINS, SHOE MANUFACTURER, Mr. Hawkins began the manufacture of shoes in Vineland in 1876, with ten hands and a limited amount of machinery in Merchants' block. In 1879 he moved to the present location on Sixth Street, and added steam power and all the latest improved machine) y. He employs over 100 hands and pays out over $2000 per month in wages. The factory contains 8000 square feet of flooring. Is now turning out several hun dred dollars worth of shoes per day. These shoes are sent to all parts of the country, for wliich a ready sale is found. Orders are coming in all the time. These goods are first-class, and must be seen to be appre ciated. Besides other machines, there are 30 sewing machines. 58 HISTORY OF VINELANDi VINELAND SOCIETIES AND INSTITUTIONS. Library Association. Floral Society, S. P. C.A., Shepherd Book Club, Co. K 6th Reg't, N. J. S. N. G. Chautauqua Circle, Fire Department, Building Association, Fair Association, Presbyterian Churph, Wesleyan Methodist Church, Unitarian Church, Catholic Church, Spiritualist Society, Agricultural Society, Board of Trade, State S. P. C. C. Keighley's Cornet Band, Juvenile Cornet Band, Social Science Club, Beaver Lake Association. Temperance Reform Club, Historical and Antiquarian Society. CHURCHES. M. E. Church, Baptist Church, Congregational Church, Friends pf Progress, Episcopal Church, Episcopal, Methodist, ancl Baptist Churches at South Vineland. SECRET SOCIETIES. Bushwhacker Degree, G-. A. R. Lyon Post, G. A. R. Auxiliary Corps, G. A. R. Eureka Chapter, Royal Arkanum, Rebekah Degree, I. 0. 0. F. Chosen Friends, The Art Club. Vineland Lodge, F. &. A. M. Knights of Honor, Odd Fellows, Encampment, I. 0. 0. F. Vineland Council, 0. U. A. M. Good Templars. HISTORY Olv VlNfiLAND. U SEA ISLE CITY. Office OF Sea Isle City, 430 Walnut Street, Philadelphia. A beach that is said to excel all others. Safe bathing for women and children under such sanitary regulations as insures its health. Ninety minutes from Philadelphia as soon as the Branch Railroad to the West Jersey Railroad, now building is completed. Distance by this road will then be the same as to Atlantic City. Now accessible from Seaville Station to the beach by a turnpike just built. Railroad rapidly building. Yachting 'and fishing to be had near the beach in Ludlam's and Townsend's Bays, and the thoroughfare within a short' walk from the beach. The best fishing upon the coast, so considered. Lilley's and Spear's hotels now open, also Wright's boarding house. Charges moderate. Choice lots for sale at from $150 to $250. Excursion tickets can be had at the above office. Personally con ducted, excursions by C. K. Landis every Tuesday and Thursday for the sale of lots. Grandest of ocean views and progress of improvements can be seen. Sea Isle City is established as a winter health resort as well a? for ,summer. For particulars, pamphlets and reports, address C. K. Landis, 43J Walnut street, Philadelphia. Sea Isle City it njw rapidly improving. The Branch Railroad is now being built and Turnpike is completed. Increasing population fre quently produces increasing unhealthfulress in city and country, and it is important for all heads of families to secure a healthful spot. At Sea Isle City this is certain, because the sanitary regulations are such as to mike the pollution of the soil, water and air an impossibility. The amount of beach available for safe bathing upon the New Jer sey <^)ast is but little, and that little is being rapidly occupied. Increase of population and railroad facilities, and increase of malaria throughout the country, are bringing the little that is left rapidly into demand. The first day ofthe railroad opening will be like a revolution in the affairs and value of property at Sea Isle City, and this will very soon take place. Sea Isle City is located on Ludlam Island, on the Atlantic coast of iVew Jersey sixty miles southeast from Pliiladelphia and sixty-four and a half miles by West Jersey Railroad, including branch road now being built. 60 HISTORY OF VINELAND. The Atmosphere is similar to that of Atlantic City, being equally dry and salubrious. It is well located for both winter and summer re sort on account of the climatic advantages. , The Island fronts six and a quarter miles in length on the Atlantic Ocean, and varies from a quarter to one and a quarter miles in width, extending from Corson's Inlet on the north, to Townsend's Inlet on the south, and is bounded on the west by Ludlam Bay and a navigable channel called the Thoroughfare, furnishing excellent advantages for fishing, sailing or still-water bathing. A beach one hundred and fifty feet wide extends the entire length of the Island, gently shelving, of very hard, close packed sand, affording a fine natural drive for more than six miles, and «inusual facilities, for walking and bathing, which are not excelled by any watering place on the coast. In walking or driving scarcely an indentation 'is made upon the sand, affording, in this respect a striking contrast to many other , beaches, where the sand is loose and treacherous. The advantages the beach affords for surf-bathing are excellent, there being no undertow perceptible, and in this -respect peculiar. The bottom descends so gradually that shallow water extends a great distance from the shore. In bathing no ropes are required, and it is safe for women and children. It is sufficiently north of Delaware Bay to be en tirely free from the mud of the bay. *nd bathing can always be had in clear, clean water. Thj inland bay, known as Ludlam -Bay, affords safe still-water bathing, having a gently shelving shore, and also safe yachting, and abounds in fiah, oysters, crabs, clams, &c. One portion of it is only twelve hundred feet from the sea beach, so that on One side surf-bathing can be had, and upon the other side still-water bathing, The entire island is subject to a sanitary system under the charge of Colonel George E. Waring, of Newport, Rhode Island. The following speech of Mr. Landis at the commencement of the railroad affords an idea of the objects and character of the various en terprises of Sea Isle City. Fellow-citizens: This day's work is but the beginning of a small road four and a half miles in length, but it is great in its importance to thousands of people, lt is the pathway which leads them to a place founded upon a system to secure health, God's greatest gift; that will cultivate tho beautiful, which is only second to it, and where all the freedom will be enjoyed consistent with human happiness. Health, beauty and liberty are the foundation stones of our new city, which now, like a new Cybele, rises from the sea. Modern science has opened the eyes of all people to the importance of healthful surroundings. Galen said that the conditions of good health HISTORY OF VINELAND. 61 were pure air, pure water, and pure earth. Sea Isle City will be one place upon the face of the earth where the purity of all these things shall be preserved to such a degree that when the hardworking, careworn business man of the city sends to it his in ->st precious of subjects — his wife, family and children — he may be perfectly secure in the feeling that on Ludlam's Island they will never be poisoned by cesspool or sewer gas or the spores floating in the atmosphere from the fungus growth of a polluted and impure soil. J?his is all possible when taken in the be ginning. Our magnificent country, in its culture and civilization, has arrived at that period when what we eat, drink and wear, or accumulate, are not satisfying. The soul lives in a higher sphere. The beautiful, or the love of it, is one of the compensations for what the world's people may call the evils of life, and the philosopher its trials. What would the earth be without beauty '. How drear a desert ! But in this respect God has shown his greatest benificence. The dark cloud may have its border of crimson and gold; the most savage forest is adorned with the modest violets. The ocean in its wildest storm possesses the charm of the beautiful, and the same with the soul of man. In its darkest moment it is cheered with this celestial sense as with harmonious music. We are always seeking to gratify it, from early childhood to old age, and why should we not surround our homes with all that is beautiful, especially in the presence of so sublime a feature as the ocean, which, like the scroll of God, rolls on in its vast and wide-spreading grandeur to the ends of the world. In Sea Isle City the beautiful shall be cultivated, and this heart-hunger satisfied. This enterprise, fellow-citizens, is no speculation; it is a, work where much is to be done by labor — downright labor, glorious to per form, but in its necessity absolute; when accomplished, sweet in its ho ly influences, and, without which there can be no permanent result for good, but with it properly directed, this Island is without limits in the extent of its possibilities. Labor omnia vincit. To this labor I Invite your assistance and ooperation. I have many thanks to tender to the citizens of this county and the West J ersey and Pennsylvania Railroad Companies, for the assistance they have already afforded, and I hope that, by God's providence, it may be found not to have been misplaced. From Pjllalelphialnriiurer. SEA ISLE CITY. The progress of this enterprise is something remarkable. Although only begun in May, enough lots are sold under building stipulations to make the place a beautiful city. There are other stipulations or cove nants which go with each deed, calculated to greatly increase the value of the' property, its healthfulness, and desirability as a place of resi dence, and to make it the most beautiful place par excellence upon the American Coast. The following is an exact copy taken from oi.e of the deeds : 02 HlBTOKl OV VINHiLAftB, "Under and subject to the covenant and conditions that no build ing, of any description whatever, shall at any time be erected within fit- teen feet of the line of any street or avenue. "And also under and subject to the covenants and conditions that no cesspool shall be dug in the earth upon said lot or any part thereof, but shall provide tight boxes for such purposes and to keep the same clean and odorless, and not to erect any nuisance, such as slaughter houses or bone-boiling establishments, or any other nuisance upon said premi ses, and to permit no drainage of any kind of filth into the soil in any way whatever. "And also .under and subject to the* covenant that all dwelling houses, hotels, boarding houses, stores and buildings for business pur poses shall be erected and set at least three feet higher than the grade of the street as now established. And that the front of said lot, between the building and the street, shall be kept clean and free from all nuisan ces, and to be ornamented with flowers, vases and statuary. "And also under and subject to the covenant that not more than one house be built or erected upon each lot for dwelling house purposes, and that no privy be built within five feet of the line of any adjoining property, and that a border of flowers not less than two feet in width be planted and maintained along both sides of the sidewalk adjoining said premises. "The objects of these covenants being to secure the health, beauty, ornamentation and value of the premises." Tliere are some marked provisions in these covenants, the effects of which will make Sea Isle City grand, and as it grows, become also more beautiful year by year. The fact that not a single cesspool is to be allowed to be dug in the earth upon the whole island adds millions to its value, and more than can be estimated in money — in its healthfulness. As a fact this will soon become known from the Atlantic coast to the Mississippi river, and will decide thousands in favor of it as a resort, who otherwise might go elsewhere. The stipulations providing for its advancement are of scarcely less value. The breadth of sidewalk, fifteen feet, is spacious and liberal, wide enough to bj ornamented by vases and statuary and its borders of flowers. What a comparison to the five feet sidewalks of Newport and the eight feet sidewalks of other places. The genius of Mr. Landis, out of the most forbidding locking wil derness in the United States, that of South Jersey, has created one of the loveliest towns that can well be found in this country or Europe, that of Vineland, wliich, with its miles of hedges, shade trees, flower gardens and orchards, is more like a magnificent park than most anything else. When so much could be accomplished under the most adverse circum stances, what may not be done in a more favorable situation] To judge of the future of Sea Isle City a vi it should be paid to the beautiful borough of Vineland, on the West Jersey Railroad. The public have an interest in Sea Isle City as developing into shape a real sanitarium for Philadelphia and New York, which cannot now be said to exist. HF^Excui-sic n tickets for visiting the island to be had by applica tion to the office. HLSTORY OF VINELAND. 63 H. T. CEAVEN. Granite and Marble Works, Near W. J . Railroad Depot, Landis Avenue, Vineland, N. J. -Manufacturer of every description of CEMETERY ENCLOSURES. Has facilities for executing every description of Memorial Work in Granite or Marble, from Ihe simplest Headstone to the most elaborate Monument. Inscriptions neatly eut on memorials that are already fixed iu cemeteries. All orders entrusted to H.T. C, will have bis persorjal altention and be executed with great care, with the best quality of material and workmanship at most reason able prices. S. O. SINGLETON. I'KACIII.'AL PAPER HANGER! WiVI^L PAPER ON HANP fpf gale at all times, and of the latest Patterns. Prices reasonable, Satisfaction guaranteed every time or money refunded, hmlU Ave»P< OpBWltt Post Ofofy VtaelafoJ, Ke# jafaeyi 64 HISTORY OF VINELAND. JF&MMS W®M 8&&E BY J EB VIS "WANSEB, REAL ESTATE AGENT. 250 Vineland Fruit Farms for sale and exchange on easy terms. Cam* , den, Trenton, Philadelphia and Brooklyn Properties to Exchange for Vineland Farms. Also Texas land to Exchange for Vineland Farms. Office in Bank Building, - Vineland, New Jersey, S. S. GOULD * SON, Manufacturers of and dealers in L, Cultivators, Farming Implements, Etc. WE ALSO SELL THE CELEBRATED "SPLENDID" STOVE. Jobbing at short notice. Roofing and Spouting a specialty. Opposite Baker House, - - Vineland, New Jersey. HLSTORY OF VINELAND. 65 P« #s MM. 'E9 PIONEER BAKEE Makes the Best Bread and the Largest Loivcs in Vineland. FRESH ROLLS EVERY DAY. Ask your grocer for Rice's Broad, aud take no other. DEDERICK & CO., GENERAL DEALERS IN FINE GROCERIES, FLOUR, FEED, CANNED GOODS, &C. Everything sold at bottom prices for cash. Gcods delivered free. EIGHTH ASU LASflJS, TIBfE^ASID K. J, HISTORY OF VINELAND. MMM& €Md'JV€Ms Whoksale and retail dea'er in FINE GROCERIES. GOODS SOLD LOW FOR CASH. Parties cannot do better than to call and examine prices at this old es tablished store before purchasing elsewhere. First-class Butter A Specialty. DE. S. LOUIS COOPEB,, Pflagnetic Physician. Addr-ess==ijjj Arch Street, Philadelphia, or (Baker Hpu-se, Vinelatid, JVetv Jersey . It is frequently said that only iirrv"ns diseases can be successful ly treated by magnetism, but Dr. i ',„ , , r uas suoceeded in perma- manently curing a great variety oiVmmic and acute difficulties. The following is from the Philadelphia Press ; "Cases of paralysis and rheumatism that refused to yield to the treatment of old and experienced physicians, l-.aVe been treated by pr. Cooper, and in a pfrort time were benefitted und cm-ad." BtSTORY OF vttfMLAtfD, i-tmn hi E. H. PIERSON'S In rear of Liberty Block. Always open. The best turnouts at reasonable rates. Horses and carriages for sale. GOLDEN RULE STORE. JAMES LOUGH. BAN, HEALER IN7 CHOICE GROCERIES, FLOUR, PEKD, &c. N W. COR. SEVENTH AND LANDIS AVE., VINELAND, N. J. Shipper and Forwarder ef Fruit and Produce. Master in Chancery and Notary Public. 68 HISTORY OF VINELAND. D. LANDBETH & SONS, AGRICULTURAL AND 1I0RTICULTURA iBlemt ii M War Nos. 21 and 23 South Sixth street, between Market and Chestnut streets, and No 4 Arch street, PHILADELPHIA. FOUNDED 1784. 1574 acres under cultivation growling Landreth's Garden Seeds. EVERYTHING OF THE BE T. < -^«^ ?— Seeds and Implements for Farm, Garden or Country Seat. Illustra ted and Descriptive Catalogues free upon application. HISTORY OF VINELAND. 69 F. P. BARTLETT, Manufacturer of and dealer in Good Substantial Working or Driving Harness Made of the best material. Whips, Nets, Blankets, Etc., for sale. Repairing a specialty. Bartlett's Harness Bazaar, - - Sixth Street, Vineland, N. J. T. Y. GARTON'S POPULAR MEAT MARKET. Opposite Baker House, Vineland. First Quality of Meats always on hand . at the lowest living rates. Fine Beef, Veal, Poultry, Butter, Eggs, Pork, Sausage, Scrapple, Lard, &c. Fresh Vegetables of all kinds in their season. TO IltSTORV OF" VINELAND, M. M, M W T& M Mt PROPRIETOR dh IONA FLOUR MILLS. FANCY PATENT FLOUR, New Process Amber Wheat Flour, New Process White Wheat Flour, GEAHAM From Pure Western White Wheat a Specialty. Manufacturer of MILL FEED, and dealer in. GRAIN AND SEEDS. Landis Avenue, between Gth and 7th Streets, VINELAND, - - - NEW JERSEY. HISTORY OF VINELAND. 71 I~ W, BROWN, M. D, m@'Mm@Ps@FMi@ PHUSJitJAN AND SURiBElDN. Office hours : 7 to 9; 12 to 2; 6 to 8 p. m. OFFICE— Landis Avenue, second house West of the Baker House. j. MmMcmsws FINE FRENCH KID BOOTS AM SHOES And Ladies' Fashionable Slippers. Fine Hand-made shoes a specialty. Also, Trunks, Traveling Bags and Umbrellas. Almost Opposite the Baker House, Landis Avenue, Vineland. COAL & ICE DEPOT. COAL, and Coal that can't be beat in quality and price. You can always get the best at FULLER'S COAL, LIME, & HAY YARD. SHELL LIME & MARL 4 Constantly on hand and in quantities to suit. WOOD, oak and pine, ga^ed f|nd split, ready for the stoye. HAY loose and in bajes, 72 HISTORY OF VINELAND. MUSIC STORE. MMM* &. L* CQ&MMj&jr9 Agent for WILCOX & WHITE ORGANS, The best Organs in the market. Manilla Bags of cvrry description, plain or printed. Sheet music and musical instruments. Under Co. K. Armory, - Vineland, N. J. W. A. THORNE & K)N. WANTED. - ¦ WANTED. Worth of Shoemaking at the Old Township Committee Rooms. Sixth, bet. Landis and Wood, Vineland. Fine Boots and Shoes, and Repairing a specialty. Orders promptly at tended to and prices reasonable. L. L. BELKNAP, .MANUFACTURE!! OF s. Pants, Vests. SMrts. Drawer And all wearing apparel. Also Agent for the very best SEWING MACHINES & SANITARY TREADLE In the market.. HLSTORY OF VINELAND. 73 CHAS, F, KELLOGG, DEALER IN SEWING 'MACHINES Of different kinds, including the celebrated "DOMESTIC," PARTS AND ATTACHMENTS For all Sewing Machines on hand or furnished to order. Machines sold for cash or on instalments. Excelsior sewing machine needles for all machines. The largest Agency in Vineland. Established in 1876. DOMESTIC PAPER FASHIONS constantly on hand; North Side of Landis Avenue, East of Post Office, Vineland, N. J. M. DONBAYXND, Manufacturer ol SHIRTS, DRAWERS, COATS, &c, &c, Landis Avenue, East of the Boulevard, VINELAND, - " NEW JERSEY. Our $1.00 Unlaundried Shirts are of the best material and workmanship, HISTORY OF VINELAND. PARKIN'S PATENT IRON WAGON. You cannot afford to spend one cent in any of the common make of wagons until you examine the latest improved Iron Wagon, and then you will not. They will outlast any two of other make, and are sold at less money, under the strongest possible guarantee. All kinds of wa gons made and kept on hand, including Farm, Express, Delivery, Coal and Milk wagons. Address JOHNSTON & PARVIN, Manufacturers, Vineland, N. J. FKENCH'S BILLIARD & POOL ROOMS. First-class tables. The most popi.lar place in town to pass a pleasant hour. The very best brands of TOBAOCO AND CIGARS. Brown's Block. Landis Avenue, Vineland, New Jersey. HISTORY OF VINELAND. 75 This history would hardly be correct if it failed to direct the readers to ELTON'S PIONEER DRUG STORE, wkere, (since 1864,) you find a complete assortment of HOMfflOPATHIC MEDICINES, DRUGS. CHEMICALS Paints and Oils, Stationery, Fancy Articles, Pocket Cutlery, &c. The best brands of Tobacoo and Cigars. TME MEBF ^M&BBE8 IM FMM M^MMMWs Hard Rubbes and Elastic. Also Supporters and cheap Trusses. »k EJ/rosr coJiPoFsns prescriptions carefully. :/, M* & Ms C's F@&L.K?. Manufacturers ana dealers in CARRIAGES, BUGGIES, WAGONS &C Light Delivery Business Wagons and Buggies a specialty. Carriages Buggies, Pony Phaetons ancl Hearses made to order. Sixth St., north of Landis Avenue, Vineland. P. GIFFORD, PIONEER BLAMHITH ANO II0RWI01R. ALSO Wagons & Carriages Built to Order And General Repairing in all its Branches, Sixth St., above Landis, - - - Vineland, New Jersey, 70 HISTORY OF VINELAND. Factory established iH Win by Paine it Mabbett, Lumber jara established in I860 by D. A. "Newton. Purchased by Kimball, I'rlncn .s Co. iu U7i and enlarged. PIONEER Sri Factorj ai Into Tart KIMBALL, PRINCE & CO., PKOPRIETORS. We have on hand a large stock of BTJILDING LTJMBEE, SHINGLES, LATH. DOORS, SASH, BLINDS. and other Mill Work, HA ROW A HE, MME, CEMENT, BKICK, «C. Which We cflVr at. the very lowest CASH Prices, We mamifao'nre any design of I MILL WORK TO ORDE bi, and gi ve particular attention to shipping orders. Thanking all >-,ur patrons for toeir favors for the past ten years, we hope lo receive a conti ti n since of the same. KIMBALL PRINCE & CO,, Boulevard and Almond Sts. (yF.stiirates for material promptly furnished, HISTORY OF VINELAND. BAKER BROS., ESTABLISHED IN ] 809. Wholesale aud retail dealers In SfflE & Fill EMERIES. Sole agents for Geo. V. Heoker's Flour. Agents for Lister Bros., Mapes & Co's. FERTILIZERS, We also carry a large stoclr of , Raw Bone, Land Plaster, and Peruvian and Pacific Guano. STR VW, AND FRESH AND SALT HAY IN STOCK. Orders for Sweat Potatoes "in quantity" filled. Our stock is large, goods fresh, and prices always the lowest. BAKER BROS, HISTORY OF VINELAND. «S£fX;X!. mgh mBJ^'HFV TERMS ers TIME&^MBs Mm -irj Practice. Also represents the following first-class- INSURANCE COMPANIES ,. JEtna, of Hartford, Conn., »I-h«enix, " " hertford, " " ,; (Gibar-d, of Philadelphia, f.ElANUFACTURERS', OF BOSTON, "Home, of New York, Continental, es Phcenix, u Niagara, a Royal, OF LlVERP0©L, 'Queen, of London. NEW JERSEY SOUTHERN Short Line I Through Trains BETWEEN ?w» ins m,» LONG BRANCH, Ocean Grove. - - Asbury Park, AS» THE NORTH EAST, THE FI.OUIUA OF THE NORTH. / TWO THROUGH TRAINS EACH WAT DAILY. LOVEDT FARE, QUICKEST TIME STATION IN NEf YORK, FOOT OF LIBERTY ST, NORTH RIYER. josEPtf 8- Harris,