YALE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY Bought with the income ofthe WILLIAM C. EGLESTON FUND THE HISTORY AND GAZETTEER OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY: DRAWN UP FROM ACTUAL OBSERVATION, AND FROM THE BEST AUTHORITIES: CONTAINING the PAROCHIAL AND FAMILY HISTORY, BIOGRAPHY, AND STATISTICAL INFORMATION. ILLUSTRATED BY A MAP OF THE COUNTY, AND NUMEROUS COPPER-PLATE AND WOOD ENGRAVINGS BY THE FIRST ARTISTS. The Materials collected hy the Publisher, STEPHEN GLOVER; in EDITED BY THOMAS NOBLE, Esa. VOL. II. — PART I. DERBY : Printed for the Publisher BY HENRY MOZLEY AND SONS; AND SOLD IN LONDON BY LONGMAN AND CO. PATERNOSTER HOW ; CHARLES TILT, FLEET-STREET J ANT) ALL OTHER BOOKSELLERS. PREFACE TO THE SUBSCRIBERS AND THE PUBLIC. The Proprietor and Editor of this Work, in publishing the present Part, venture to indulge the hope, that the plates, the genealogical tables, the vast body of family and topographical history, as well as the contents in general, will be sufficient apology for the many delays that have retarded its completion. When the Proprietor first announced his intention of printing by subscription a History, Gazetteer and Directory of the County of Derby, his views did not extend themselves beyond the getting together materials easily attainable, and to the arrangement of such materials so as to comprise an Alphabetical Account of Towns, Vil lages, &c. with their Inhabitants, in an octavo volume of about four hundred pages. He soon discovered, that such a Publication would not be conformable to the ideas of the nobility and gentry, to whom he had the honour of presenting his Prospectus, who condescended, incidentally, to converse with him on the subject ; he consequently extended his design, and in doing so, every encouragement that he could expect or desire was freely bestowed upon him. Drawings and engravings of the residences belonging to the most respectable families in the County have been prepared for the Work at the expense of their Proprietors, who have likewise presented him with Armorial Bearings and authenticated copies of Pedigrees at their own cost, and by the loan of valuable works and manuscripts have afforded him other testimonies of the favour with which they regarded his undertaking. Still the change of plan, and the accumulation of so much new and valuable matter, in which selection, condensation and arrangement, were necessary, demanded an expenditure of time and attention, which PREFACE. in the outline of the first Prospectus had not been taken into consider ation ; and, as the Alphabetical form of a Gazetteer was still regarded as the most eligible* it has happened that plates and other matter belonging to the lattery-portion of the Work were ready before the materials for the preceding portions could be obtained and made ready for the hands.ol tfie printer. The difficulties arising from such cir cumstances will, it is hoped, be admitted by all persons conversant in similar compilations,, and the Proprietor and Editor have only to regret, that the whole or the greater part of the materials were not obtained and set in order before a Prospectus was issued, or a sheet sent to the press ; but that would indeed have been scarcely possible, for new matter is continually flowing from different quarters to a Topographical Work known to be in progress, and the Proprietor has already incurred a very large expense, and sometimes retarded the Work, by cancelling sheets that had passed the press, in order to give insertion to the communications of respected correspondents. With great labour and much trouble, and an expense far beyond any ever contemplated, the History and Gazetteer of the County of Derby may be considered to have surmounted all impediments that might occasion further delay, and the Proprietor can confidently assure the Subscribers and the Public, that the two other Parts will speedily follow the present publication. HISTORY AND GAZETTEER or THE COUNTY OF DERBY. PAROCHIAL HISTORY. ABNEY, is a small village and township seated in a deep valley, amidst high Habenai, mountains, in the parish of Hope, and in the hundred of High Peak. It contained, in 1821, 23 houses, as many families, and 14.3 inhabitants. Twenty families are employed in agriculture, and three in trade. The township contains 1323 acres, 1 rood, 17 perches of gritstone land, which is divided between Humphrey Bowles, esq. and the Earl of Newburgh ; viz. Ahney ancient enclosure, consisting of 512 a. 3 r. lip. is the property of Mr. Bowles; and Abney Grange ancient enclo sure, consisting of 189 a. 1 r. lip. is the property of the Earl of Newburgh, except about 14 a. 1 r. 35 p. belonging to Mr. Bowles. Abney common, unenclosed, is 621 a. 0 r. 35 p. and belongs to the above named nobleman and gentleman, in right of their ancient enclosures ; the estimated annual value is £687. IO*. The tithe belongs to the dean and chapter of Liehfield. This township is under the constablery of Eyam, and is governed by a headborough. In Habenai Sivain had one carucate of land to be taxed. Land to one plough. It is waste. D. B. At the Doomsday Survey this manor .belonged to William Peverell; in the reign of Edward II. to the family of Archer; at a later period to a branch of the Bagshaw family, who sold it to the Bradshaws, in which family it remained nearly two centuries, when it passed by marriage to the Galliards of Edmonton, in Middle sex ; the sister and co-heiress of the latter brought it to the late Charles Bowles, esq. of Sheen, in Surrey, and it is now the property of his son, Humphrey Bowles, esq. Adelphi Iron Works axe in the township of Duckmanton. Agnes Meadow is in the parish of Kniveton. Ainmoor, or Henmoor, a small village in North Winfield. Aldercar Park is in the parish of Heanor. ALDERWASLEY, 2 m. E. of Wirksworth, 3 m. S. of Cromford, 6 m. N. of Belper, Aiierwasiegh, Alerwash, antl 14 m. N. of Derby, is a scattered village, township and chapelry, in the parish of Wirksworth, deanery of Ashboum and hundred of Apple- tree, containing 80 houses, 80 families, and 454 inhabitants. Sixty-two families are employed in agriculture, 17 in trade, and one independent. There is an iron forge, conducted by Messrs. Mold and Co. and a corn mill. There are 3024 acres of grit stone land in this township, of various qualities, 700 acres of which is wood land. The average rental is about 17*. per acre, and the estimated annual value ofthe buildings and land amount to £2775. lis. There are five freeholders who own about 237 acres, the remainder is the property of Francis Hurt, esq. The tithes belong to the dean of Lin coln, who has leased them to G. H. Errington, esq. the latter gentleman re-lets them to Mr. Hurt. The average poor rates and other parochial expenses for the last nine years are £239. 19*. lOd. per annum. Mr. Hurt holds a court annually. The steward of the court is Charles Clarke, esq. of Derby. A decree in chancery. was obtained, 19 Elizabeth, by William Black wall, of Steeple, county of Derby, gent. John Storer, and Richard Wingfield, of Alderwasley, copyholders of the manor, for themselves and others, against Edward Lowe, esq. In consequence of which decree, the lords of this manor are not entitled to heriots, nor more than one year's improved rent on admittance of a customary tenant by descent or purchase. There are two Sunday schools ; one is Supported by Mrs. Hurt, the other by Miss Watkinson, ofthe Forge. The Wesleyan Methodists have a chapel here. Alderwasley and Ashleyhay form a joint constablery. 4 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER From Alport hill and Alport stone, near the village of Spout, it is said the Wrekin, in Shropshire, may be seen on a clear day. " Though Alderwasley is parcel of the hundred of Appletree, yet it is within the parish of Wirksworth, the site of which is in the hundred of Wirksworth. The name is compounded of Alder (the Alnus or Alder tree) wash (a watering place) and ley (a pasture). Its situation is in the northern angle of the hundred. Alder wasley, Milnehay and the whole of Ashleyhay (excepting two farms in Ashleyhay, the property of P. Gell, esq.) form one manor, and are bounded by the lordships of Crich and Belper on the east ; by the lordships of Belper and Shottle on the south ; by Alton on the west ; and by Wigwell grange and Wirksworth on the north. ' ' Alderwasley is not mentioned in Doomsday Book ; being probably at the time when that record was compiled, accounted part of Belper, a dependant manor of the great fee of Duffield. William de Ferrars, Earl of Ferrars and Derby, and lord of the f astle and manor of Duffield, had a charter of free warren in his demesne lands here, in the' 36th year of king Henry III. The estates of the family of Ferrars passed to the house of Lancaster under circumstances which will be fully spoken of in the history of Duffield. By the extent taken of the lands which were of Edmund, Earl of Lancaster, the king's brother, in anno 26 Edward I. it is found that he had in Aler- wash £20. 7*. 6^d. per annum of rents of assize, of free and other tenants at will and by the custom ; and there was also a certain mill of which the lord received annually 60*. : he had also other revenues, the description of which is obliterated in the record worth one year with another £15. ; tallage of his customary tenants to the amount of 60*. per annum ; ancient fines at his two great courts amounting to 10*. per annum • and pleas and perquisites of courts, worth per annum 20*. And the same year Aller- waslegh, as a member of Duffield, was assigned to Blanehe, queen of Navarre, widow of Edmund Earl of Lancaster, in dower. The manor continued parcel of the pos sessions of the earldom and duchy of Lancaster to the time of king Henry VIII. who (20th March, anno reg. sui 19) grantedit with all his lands, tenements, rents,. rever sions and services in Alderwasley and Ashleyhay, parcel of his duchy of Lancaster to Anthony Lowe, esq. and his heirs, to hold by the yearly rent of £26. 1 0*. and fealty only for all services. Out of this grant arose a noted cause which was argued in the court of Wards, Trin. term, 7 lac. I. and which is reported, by Sir Edward Coke under the title of " Anthony Lowe's Case." Anthony Lowe, before the grant above mentioned, held lands in Alderwasley, of the manor of Alderwasley, by knights' ser vice, and suit to the court of the manor of Bewraper (Belper) from three weeks to three weeks, of which manor of Bewraper the manor of Alderwasley was parcel ¦ and the whole being parcel of the earldom and duchy of Lancaster, and being, before the manors came to the crown, held of the king in capite by knights' service. Lowe held also of the manor of Alderwasley a capital messuage, &c, &c. in soccage, by fealty and the rent of £3. 11*. And Lowe being so seized, the king, byTiis letters patent under the duchy seal, 22 June, 15 Henry VIII. granted to Anthony Lowe (ancestor of Anthony Lowe, the plaintiff) and to his heirs the said rent, and ratified the estate of the said Anthony in the lands and tenements before mentioned, to hold to Anthony and his heirs, of the king, his heirs and successors by fealty for all services. And after this grant, the king made the grant to Lowe of the manor as is before stated. Upon which this question was raised, Whether the lands first held by Lowe, of the manor of Alderwasley hy knights' service, were, after the grant ofthe manor to Lowe to be held by him of the king in capite by knights' service, or by fealty. And it was determined that they should from thenceforth be held by fealty. This cause was learnedly argued ; but as what was offered upon it would only be attended to by few readers of this work, and those probably such as are possessed of the reports of the celebrated lawyer whose authority I have cited, it would be superfluous to say more upon it here. After this, upon a contest between the king [[Charles I.~\ and Edward Lowe, esq. (great grandson of the first Anthony) in the chancery of the duchy of Lancaster, it appearing that there was a defect in the making of livery and seisin upon the grant of king Henry VIII. of the manor and lands of Alderwasley and Ashleyhay to Anthony Lowe, and flrat the letters patent granting the same were OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 5 thereby void, the king, after humble supplication, by his letters patent, under the great seal of England and under the seal of the duchy, dated 14th April, anno regni sui 16 [[Charles If] granted to the before named Edward, his heirs and assigns the manor of Alderwasley, alias Allerwasleghe, with court leet, view of frank pledge, assize and assay of bread, wine and beer, goods and chattels of felons and fugitives, and other franchises, as amply as they were enjoyed by any Earl or Duke of Lancas ter owning the said manor : to hold of the king in soccage, as of his manor of Enfield, in Middlesex, by the annual rent of £26. 10*. From which time the manor hath continued with the grantee and his descendants, and Francis Hurt, esq. is now the owner thereof. " But the present lord of the manor has here an estate which has been in his family from an earlier period than the manor, derived from his ancestors of the name le Fowne or Fawne, one of whom, William, son of Ralph le Fowne, about the time of Henry III. was a benefactor to the canons of Darley. "Edmund, Earl of Lancaster, on the 2nd of December, 13 Edward I. granted to William, son of William Fawne [William le Fowne]] and his heirs, a parcel of land in Alderwasley, where the earl's chamber used to be ; and a parcel of land lying be tween Lowdbrooke and Millbrooke; to hold by the yearly rent of 12ci. and charged with the duty of sustaining the pales between Lowdbrooke and Millbrooke by the view of the earl's foresters. The earl's chamber it is probable was a seat used by the lords of Duffield, when they took the diversion of hunting in this part of the forest of Duffield frith ; and I should presume it stood on the site of the present manor-house. This grant is said to comprise (inter alia) what is now called the Shyning Cliff park, which, in 2 Henry V. the homagers of the manor presented to be held by John Fawne as a frank tenant. And in 7 Henry V. John Fawne enfeoffed Ralph, son of Peter de la Pole, in the Shining Cliff1, who granted it to John Sacheverell, esq. for life, with remainder to Thomas Fawne, son of John, and his heirs. The maleline of the family of Fawne continued here till the reign of Edward IV. ,and then terminated with the death of Thomas Fawne, who was in some way employed in the service of Henry Stafford, the great Duke of Buckingham. Joan, his daughter.and heiress, was designed, in 29 Henry VI. to have been married to Thomas Ilandford, son of Wil liam Handford, of Chorley, in Cheshire, esq. In prospect of which marriage, Henry Lord Grey and other feoffees then granted to Thomas Handford and Joan Fawne all the lands of John Fawne, her grandfather, in Alderwasley and Ashleyhay, in Derby shire ; Alcester and Ordesley, in Warwickshire, and elsewhere in those counties : to hold to them and the heirs of their bodies, with remainder to Thomas Fawne, her fa ther, and his heirs. But this marriage did not take effect [[Handford dying]] for on the 20th of November; 11 Edward IV. she ' in pura virginitate sua et plena setate existens viz vigenti et trium annorum,' grants to William Sacheverell and Richard Cadman and their heirs the same estates, and these feoffees, on the 24th of the same month, granted them to Thomas Lowe, and the before mentioned Joan, in settlement. " On the 20th of November, in the sixth year of Henry VIII. the king granted to Thomas Lowe, whom he styles his servant, license to impark and impale Shining Cliff, and to make a free warren thereof, notwithstanding its being within the metes of the forest of Duffield frith. Anthony Lowe, the third son and heir of Thomas and Joan, was a servant of king Henry VII. He was also standard-bearer and a gentle man ofthe bed chamber to king Henry VIII. who, 22nd of June, anno 15 Henry VIII. appointed him an hereditary forester of Duffield frith; and, in consequence of his having received a wound in his head in the loyal service, the king indulged him with the privilege of being covered in his presence. £l6th August, 23 Henry VIII. Joan Lowe, then a widow, in consideration of a certain sum of money, conveys to her son, Anthony, and his heirs, all the lands in Alderwasley that were her father's.] He was continued in the service of king Edward VI. and queen Mary, and died in December, 1555. Bridget, his wife, was daughter of Sir John Fogge, comptroller of the household, and privy counsellor to Henry VII. and was herself maid of honour to queen Catherine. [VEaster term, 1 Elizabeth, Edward Lowe, esq. levies a fine of 27 messuages, 3 water-mills, 300 acres of land, 300 acres of pasture, 300 acres of 6 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER meadow, 1000 acres of wood, and 400 acres of furze and heath, in Alderwasleigh, Ashleyheigh and Wirksworth.] Anthony Lowe, their grandson, died the 23rd of June, 42 Elizabeth, seized of the manor of Alderwasley, and of 27 messuages, 5 cot tages, 2 water-mills, 300 acres of land, 300 acres of meadow, 300 acres of pasture, 1000 acres of wood, and 400 acres of furze and heath, in Alderwasley, leaving Ed ward Lowe, esq. his son and heir eight years of age. This Edward, in the troubles between Charles I. and his parUament, was a supporter of the royal cause, and raised a troop of horse for the king, in which all his sons served ; and the eldest of them [[Anthony] having the command of it, lost his life in the service, at Gainsborough, on the 30th of July, 1643, with Charles Cavendish (the Duke of Newcastle's lieut- general of horse) and was buried with him at Bolsover. We are not to he surprised that the part taken by this family brought upon it the displeasure of the parliament party ; and the latter being generally successful in Derbyshire, almost from the com mencement of the troubles, made the Lowes feel the weight of its resentment) " Mr. Edward Lowe was soon driven to seek relief from the king, whose cause he had endeavoured to assist ; and he petitioned his majesty to punish his enemies by a sequestration of their estates and lands : a request which those who are acquainted with the history of the times, need not be informed was fruitless. Though, had it been in the power of the king to punish the injuries complained of, there is little reason to doubt of his inclination. Edward Lowe, of Alderwasley, esq. and his sons, John and Arthur, after these troubles, compounded with the parliament for their estates by the payment of £221. " John Lowe, esq. grandson of Edward, was sheriff of Derbyshire in 1679, and died without issue. Elizabeth, his sister and heir, carried this manor and the other estates i of the family in marriage to Nicholas Hurt, of Casterne, in Staffordshire, esq. whose son, Charles Hurt, esq. was sheriff of Derbyshire in 1714, at> was Nicholas Hurt, esq. son of Charles, in 1756; and Francis Hurt, esq. (son of Francis) (and nephew of the last. Nicholas) in 1778, whilst his father was living; which Francis, the son, was (February 1797) owner of this manor, and a considerable estate,, viz. 3149 acres therein, partly derived from his ancestors, the Fawnes and Lowes, and partly from the purchase of his father and others of his family from Nathaniel Lord Scarsdale, and others at different periods. But that which was sold by Lord Scarsdale [[A. D. 1776] had before belonged to the family of Lowe, and was given to a younger son as his portion. " Alderwasley, Milnehay, and Ashleyhay contain together nearly 4400 acres of land, in which, on the east side of the manor, adjoining the river Derwent, is an extensive wood, called Shining Cliff, producing very valuable oak timber. This wood has nearly a similar situation to that at Richmond, in Surrey, formerly called West Sheene, which perhaps may explain the origin of the name ; Sheene, signifying, glit tering or showy, which well agrees with the briliant picture formed by these woods on the bosom of the river. In the division of the remainder of the manor into arable, meadow and pasture, the greatest proportion of arable is on the western part in Ashleyhay, where the soil is a stiff cold clay. The richest part of the meadow is towards the east, near the river Derwent ; but the quantity of meadow is small com pared with the extent of the lordship. The pasture land is for the most part light and sandy, and is in an elevated and bleak situation ; and though the whole of the pasture be enclosed, there is much of it yet remains uncultivated."* The hall is a handsome and substantial built stone mansion, situate on rising ground on the west bank of the river Derwent, surrounded by hanging woods that crown the neighbouring hills. A deer park and rich lawn, adorned with venerable oaks, spread before the mansion and affords many beautiful landscapes. The gardens are well stored with excellent vineries, pineries, &c. The timber on this estate is considered equal to any in the kingdom ; and trees of great magnitude have been felled. For many years past Mr. Hurt has regularly cut down timber producing upwards of £2000. per annum. * Blore's published Sheet of Alderwasley, 1797. OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 7 The chapel is situate near the hall, and was built in the reign of Henry VIII. by the contribution of Thomas Lowe, esq. and other principal inhabitants. It is not subject to ecclesiastical jurisdiction, and has no parochial duties performed in it, nor any endowment. The minister is paid an optional salary by Mr. Hurt, who has the appointment. The Rev. Emanuel Halton is the present incumbent. Over the door of the chapel, in a recess, is the following shield of arms in alabaster : Quarterly, 1 and 4, Lowe, Gules, a Wolf passant, Argent. 2 Fawne, Argent, a Bugle, Sable, between three crescents of the last, charged with a besant. 3 CREST. A Wolf's head, erased. Blore's Pedigree of FOWNE, or FAWNE, begins, Ralph le Fowne. William le Fowne, benefactor to DaTley abbey, temp. Hen. III. William Fowne, was living 3 Richard II. William Fowne, 2 Henry V. "William le Fowne, grantee of Shining And a William Fowne, Cliffe, &c. at Alder- living, whose mother's wasley, 13 Edward name was Joan, I. ancestor of John 11 Henry VI. Fowne above named* John Fowne, 2 Henry V. and 7 Henry VI. Thomas Fowne, 7 and 29 Henry VI. Joan Fowne, only dau. = Thomas Lowe, esq. of Alderwasley, in and heiress, mar. 1471* I right of his wife. Died before 1531. j Brother of LawrenceLowe, of Denby* i Anthony Lowe, esq. third son and heir, standard-bearer and gent. of the bed chamber to Henry VIII. Edward VI. and Queen Mary. Bur. 12 Dec. 1555. Bridget, daughter of Sir John Fogge, knt. of Repton, in Kent. Edward Lowe, esq. second son and heir, by 1st wife, Dorothy Eyre, had three daughters. Lucy, daughter of Ralph Gell, of Hopton, esq. 2nd wife. Had one son and one dau. Anthony Lowe, esq. died 23 June, 43 Elizabeth = Mary, daughter of Rowland Feme, gent, of Hognast on, by his 2nd wife, Elizabeth Blore, he had two sons. I 1st wife, had two sons and two daughters. Edward Lowe, esq. the royalist, bur. at = Jane, daughter of Henry Hall, of Wirksworth, 8 July, 1650, had eight 1 Corthingstock, Notts. sons and five daughters. John , a Captain for Charles I. ancestor of Lowe, of Owlgreaves. Anthony, a royalist, killed at Gains borough, buried at Bolsover, 1643. John Lowe, esq. 3rd son and heir, bapt. 1616; bur. 1677. Elizabeth, dau. of Anthony Crofts, of Brampton, gent. buried 1677. Arthur, 4th son, ancestor of Lowe, of Hazlewood. Ferdinando, 6th son, and Charles, 7th son, both had issue. John Lowe, esq. sheritT1679, died 1690, unmarried. Anthony, S. P. Thomas, S. P. Elizabeth, heiress, married Nicholas Hurt, esq. Pedigree of HURT, of Ashbourn, 'Alderwasley, Wirksworth, %c. ARMS of Hurt. A shield quarterly. 1 Hurt. Sablp, a fesse between three cinquefoils, Or. 2 Lowe. Gules, a Wolf passant, Argent. 3 Lowe. Azure, a Hart trippant, Argent. 4 Fawne, Argent, a Bugle, Sable, between three crescents of the last, each charged with a besant. CREST of Hurt. A Hart passant, Proper, attired, Or, hurt or wounded in the flank with an arrow of the second feathered, Argent- MOTTO. Mane predam vesperi srtolium. Thomas Hurt = William Hurt, of Ashbourn = Joan, dau. of Leigh, of I Mathfield- Thomas Hurt, of Ashbourn = Ellen, daughter of Richard | Wright, of Darbie. Tho. or Christ. H. of Ashbourn = Ellen, daughter of Thomas | Black wall, of Shirley. Thomas Hurt, of Ashbourn= Mary, daughter of Rauf Gell, | of Hopton. This line ended in an heiress who married a Byrom. HISTORY AND GAZETTEER Nicholas Hurt, of Ashbourn= and Kniveton I Ralph Hurt, ancestor of Hurt, of Bristol. Thomas Hurt, ancestor of Hurt of Kniveton. Roger Hurt, of Casterne, co. Stafford, younger son- . Edith, dau. of John Cockaine, of Bad- desley, co. Warwick, buried 1589. Nicholas Hurt, born 1567, living at Blore, co. Stafford, = Helen, dau. of John Berresford, gent, of 1612, obt. 1642,'had four sons and three daughters. Newton Grange, mar. 1588, buried 1600. Thomas, eldest son, obt. S. P. => Dorothy Alsop. Roger, of Casterne, = Frances, dau. of obt. about 1667, had three sons and three daughters. Edmund Brudenell, of Stanton Wy ville, co. Leicester, esq. Nicholas Hurt, esq. of Casterne, buried 7th Feb. 1676, had three sons and four daughters. : Isabella, dau. of Sir Henry Harpur, of Calke, bart. ichol Nicholas Hurt, esq. of Casterne, bur. 1711, at Ham. John of Uttoxeter. Thomas, of Ham, co. Stafford. i i. Elizabeth, sister and heiress of John Lowe, esq. mar. 1670, bur. 1714. Charles Hurt, esq. of Alderwasley, 2nd son and heir, bapt. Ii678, a sheriff in 1712, bur. 1763. ¦¦ Catherine, dau. of Gervase Rosell, esq. of Ratcliffe on Trent, Notts, bur. at Wirks worth, 2nd June, 1756. Francis Hurt, gent. = Bridget, Rosell, sister of Catherine. 1 1 1 1 Grace, Mary, Mercy, and Catherine, all obt. S. P. I I I I I I Thomas, John, Anthony, Henry, Elizabeth, and Dorothy. Nicholas Hurt, esq. 2nd son and heir, bapt. 1710, bur. at Wirks worth, 11th May, 1767, S. P. Francis Hurt, esq. of Alder wasley, brother and heir, died 7th Aug. 1783, aet. 61. Mary, dau. of Thomas Gell, of Gatehouse, Wirksworth, died 6th March, 1801, aet. 81. Grace, mar. 1749, Richard Milnes. esq. of Dunstan. MM Ch ¦ MMM harles, Mercy, Mercy, John, Mary, John, Catherine, Gervis, Henry. Ann, Elizabeth, * , > all died young or unmarried. Francis Hurt, esq. Alderwas ley, son and heir, bapt. 1755, died Sth Jan. 1801, set. 41. Elizabeth, dau. of James Shut- tleworth, esq. of Gawthorpe, Lan cashire, mar. 1778, living a widow at Derby, 1829. Charles Hurt, esq. of Wirksworth, J. P. and D. Lieut, for co. Derby, sheriff in 1797, mar. Susanna, dau. of Sir Richard Ark- wright, knt* Catherine, mar. the Rev. George Holeombe, D. D. pre bendary of Westmin- ter, rector of Matlock, and of E. and W. Leake, Notts. I Cassandra, mar. her cousin, Philip Gell, esq. of Gatehouse, Wirksworth,but died S. P. Mary, mar. Rev. Geo. Elizabeth, mar. Thomas Mercy, obt. young. Moore, of Appleby, in Webb Edge, esq. of Strelley, 1780, obt. S. P. Notts. 1785, died leaving issue. Francis Hurt, esq. now of Alderwasley,born 1781, at Aston on Trent, sheriff in 1814, Just, of Peace, and Dep. Lieut. for co. Derby. Elizabeth, eldest dau. of Richard Arkwright, esq. of Willersley. James Hurt, esq. major in the army, born 1785, mar. 1825, his cousin Mary Margaret, 2nd dau. of Thomas Webb Edge, esq. Strelley, Notts. Henry, a midship man in the Hero, lost at sea, 24th Dec. 1811, S. P. Mary, wife of Sir Richard Goodwin Keats, ' G. C. B. Vice Admi ral of Red, &c. &c> Elizabeth, mar. George Moore, esq. of Appleby and Snareston. Cassandra, wife of Rev. J. F. Saint John, vicar of Sponddn. Catherine, mar. John Broadhurst, esq. Foston. Cath. Emma, dead. Ann Emma, living. Francis Hurt, jun. esq.= mar. atBakewell, 22nd August, 1829. ¦ Cecjlia, dau. of Rich. and Lady Elizabeth Norman, and niece to the Duke of Rutland. Mary, wife ofthe Emma, Frances, Hon. and Rev. Robt. Elizabeth, Anne. Eden, of Hortingford- Selina. bury, Herts. Catherine, dead. OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 9 At the visitation ordered by the Herald's Office, in the reign of Elizabeth, A. D. 1569, and taken by the commissioners, Flower and Glover, we find that the Pedigree of the Hurt family, then of Ashbourn, viz. four generations, was entered by Thomas Hurt, gent, of that place. This family then appear to have ranked among the chief gentry of Derbyshire, and have ever since continued to do so. The elder branch was long seated at Ashbourn. It terminated about the close of the seventeenth century by the marriage of the heiress with a Byrom. The younger branches have greatly in creased their wealth and alliances by marriage in families of rank and opulence. The present Francis Hurt, esq. of Alderwasley, and his ancestors during several genera tions, for about one hundred and eighty years, have been resident on that manor. This gentleman was high-sheriff in 1814, and several of his predecessors have enjoyed that honourable office. Francis Hurt, esq. is a Justice of the Peace and Deputy Lieut. of the County. ALDWAllK, a village, constablery and township in the parish of Bradbourn, and hundred of Wirksworth, contains 15 houses, 15 families, and 92 inhabitants. Eleven families are employed in agriculture, and four in mining and trade. There are acres of limestone land, the estimated annual value of which, including the buildings, is £724. 14*. The poor rates are about the same as those of Bradbourn, to which church it pays. The great tithes belong to the Duke of Rutland. The manor was given by Sewall, son of Fulcher, ancestor of the Shirley family, who died 1129, to the monks of Darley, temp. Henry IV. They had five ox-gangs of land, and three acres of meadow here. Queen Elizabeth granted it to James Hardwick, esq. and his heiress brought it to Sir William Cavendish, ancestor of the Duke of Devonshire, who has exchanged this estate with the Duke of Rutland, the present proprietor. Aldwark Grange, which had also belonged to the monks of Darley, was granted by Edward VI. in 1548, to Sir Thomas Heneage and Lord Willoughby, who sold it the following year to Robert Goz : by successive conveyances it passed to the families of Curzon and Manners. John Manners, esq. procured a fresh grant of it in 1603 ; and it is now the property of his descendant, the Duke of Rutland. Robert Earl Ferrars, founded an oratory at Aldwark, with a cemetery, of which there is now no trace. Besides the Duke there are 3 other freeholders in this parish. ALFRETON, an ancient market-town, township and parish, is pleasantly seated Mrediogtune, on the ridge of a hill, eastward of the valley thrpugh which flows re une, ^ -ny&c Amber. This hill extends, with an easy acclivity, for the space of two miles, where, near to the village of Normanton, it affords a wide and beautiful prospect, and then descends into the fertile tract of land called Golden Valley. It is in the deanery of Chesterfield and hundred of Scarsdale ; 1 4 m. N. of Derby, 10 m. N. E. of Wirksworth, 10 m. S. of Chesterfield, 16 m. N. W. of Nottingham, 9 m. S. W. of Mansfield, and 140 m. N. of London. The market, which is a considerable one for corn, is held on Friday, and the fairs on the 31st of July, 8th of October, and 23rd of November. The whole parish, including the ham lets of GreenhiU Lane, Somercotes, Over and Nether Birchwood, Cotes-Park, Out- seats, Pyebridge, and Swanwick, and the chapelry of Riddings, contained, in 1821,. 811 nouses, 891 families, 2515 males, 2174 females, total 4689 inhabitants. Ofthe 891 families 159 are employed in agriculture, 679 in trade or handicraft, and 53 in professional pursuits or living independent of business. The principal trade consists in collieries, iron furnaces, framework knitting, potteries, &c. In 1821, the whole population of the parish of Alfreton were found to consist of 4689 persons, of whom 1629 were in the township of Alfreton, 1295 in Swanwick and Greenhill Lane, and 1765 in Riddings, Somercotes and Birchwood. The in crease in the district of Riddings, in eight years, is about 750 ; Swanwick and Green- hill, upwards of 300 ; and Alfreton, only 50 : the population at the present time is about 6000 persons. The extension of the collieries and iron works in the eastern part of the parish, accounts for the rapid increase of the population in that district. The Somercotes, Birchwood, and Swanwick coals are in high repute. This parish is governed hy a constable and headborough. The whole township contains 4570 acres of freehold land, of a cold wet quality, abounding with coal and ironstone, tithe free, 10 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER one third arable, some wood, and the remainder meadow and pasture. This parish is bounded on the W. by South Winfield, on the N. and N. W. by Shirland and Nor- manton, on the E. by Pinxton and Snelston, Notts, and on the S. and S. E. by Pen- trich and Heanor. The farms are generally small. The average parochial expenses, except highways and church rates for the last seven years, amount to £1300. per annum. The annual estimated value of all the buildings, land, &c. is £9634. 9.s. There are 242 freeholders, 18 public houses, 3 county bridges, 2 Wesleyan Methodist, 2 In dependent, and 1 Baptist chapels, 1 chapel of ease now building at Riddings, 1 paro chial day school, 1 endowed free school, 2 Sunday schools, and 3 Friendly Societies consisting of about 450 members, in the parish. William Palmer Morewood, esq. is the lord of the manor, and holds a court annually. The market at Alfreton was granted, in 1251, to Robert de Latham and Thomas de Chaworth, to be held on Monday, together with a fair for three days, at the fes tival of St. Margaret. This charter was renewed to Thomas Babington, of Dethick, in 1551. In 1756 the market was changed from Monday to Friday, on which day it is now kept. There is a traditional account that this town was built by the renowned king Al fred, from whom it took its name ; and that the royal founder had a palace here. Some individuals, fond of making discoveries, are ingenious enough to point out the place where the palace of this monarch once stood. In Elstretune Morcar had four ox-gangs and a half, and four acres of land to le taxed for one manor. There is land to one plough. There are nine villanes and three bordars with two ploughs. There are' Jive acres of meadow. It was formerly worth 20s. now 30s. Ingram, holds it under Roger de Busli. D. B. 325. The manor of Alfreton was given by Wulfric Spott, a noble Saxon, and confirmed by Ethelred II. to Burton abbey.* In the Doomsday Survey it is called Elstretune, and made part of the extensive possessions originally bestowed upon Roger de Busli, a Norman chieftain, who accompanied William the Conqueror in his successful ex pedition to this country. Ingram then held it, and was the immediate ancestor of Robert Fitz Ranulph, or Fitz Ralph, lord of Alfreton, the founder of Beauchief abbey, between the years 1172 and 1176. It has been stated by Tanner, Dugdale and others, that this Fitz Ralph was one of the four knights who murdered Thomas a Becket, archbishop of Canterbury ; and he, in expiation of his crime, found-ed that abbey. This statement is refuted by Dr. Pegge. His descendants, as was the cus tom of those times, were denominated de Alfreton. On the death of Thomas de Alfreton, great grandson of the founder of Beauchief, this manor descended, in 1269, to Thomas de Chaworth, his nephew, and Robert de Latham,t who had married one of his sisters and coheiresses. ' The interest of the latter was sold to Chaworth, in whose family and name the estate continued till the time of Henry VII. Dugdale says, That Thomas de Chaworth, above named, was summoned to parliament as a baron, in 1296, but that none of his descendants ever received a like summons. One » Dugdale, describing the foundation of this abbey, says, In the days of Ethelred, king of the English, a minister of his, whose name was Wulfric Spott, who was related to the blood royal, built the mouasteryof Burton; and gave to it all his paternal estate, valued at 700 pounds of gold, and to the end this donation might stand good, he gave to the king for his confirmation 500 mancuses of gold, and to every bishop five mancuses, and to the two archbishops ten mancuses ; as also to Alfrick, archbishop of Canterbury, the town of Dunbarton, wrongfully taken by his predecessor from the church of Abingdon ; and to every abbey a pound of gold, and to every abbot five mancuses. He brought the monks from Winchester to their new monastery at Burton, which he furnished with all conveniences, in 1004, and six years after he received a mortal contusion in the war against the Danes, of which he died, in 1010, and was honourably buried under a stone arch by the gate of the abbey church. t Robert de Latham holds of the Countess of Angus, in Alfreton and Normanton, two shares of two feoff ments : and she herself holds of the king of the old feoffment.:): John de Kokefend holds four shares in Alfreton. Of Robert de KoUefeld Xs. for the fourth share of one military feoffment, which he holds from the Warden of Alfreton : from Roger de Watenliow XXs. for half a military feoffment, which he holds of the warden of Alfreton : of Henry de Birchwood six parts of one military feoffment, which heTiolds of the same warden : of William de Wudeburg XXs. for half of one military feoffment, which he holds of the same warden: of Rauf le Peor XLs. for half ot one military feoffment, which he holds of the same warden : of the same Rauf Xs. for a fourth part of one military feoffment, which he holds of the same warden. Test, de Nevil. p. mr. $ Old ferjffmeni is a term used in ancient records :- it means " to hold lands, &c. which were enfeoffed or pos sessed by the ancestors of the person alluded to, before the death of Henry I." which happened in 1155. New feoffment distinguishes such lands as have been enfeoffed since that period. OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 11 of this family was a great benefactor to Beauchief abbey. AVilliam Chaworth, esq. the last of this branch of the family, left an only daughter and heir, in the reign of Henry VII. married to John Ormond, esq. whose heir general carried it in marriage to Anthony Babington, of Dethick. Henry Babington, esq. the grandson, sold it about the year 1565 to John Zouch, esq. of Codnor. The son of the latter conveyed it to Robert Sutton, esq. of Aram, in Nottinghamshire, by whom it was sold to Anthony Morewood, and Rowland, his son ; and in that family it continued to the death of the last heir male, George Morewood, esq. in 1792 : he married Ellen, the daughter of Richard Goodwin, esq. of Ashbourn, and dying without issue he left the estate to his widow : she afterwards married the Rev. Henry Case ; who, in 1793, on his marriage, took the name of Morewood, by the king's sign manual. The latter died in 1825 without issue ; when the estate became the property of William Palmer, esq. who has also assumed the name of Morewood. In the reign of Edward III. Thomas Chaworth claimed a park and right of free warren at Alfreton, with the privilege of having a , gallows, tumbrell and pillory for the manor. Dr. Pegge says that Alfreton was in ancient times esteemed a barony or honor. Robert, son of Ranulph de Alfreton, by the consent of William, his heir, gave to God and the church of St. Mary and St. Cuthbert at Radford, the church of Osber- ton, county Nottingham. The said William confirmed his father's gift, and so did Robert, son of William, the gift of the said Robert his grandfather. Thomas de Chaworth confirmed the said gift, and confirmations which his ancestors had made, together with the land which the said Robert, son of William de Auferton, grand father of him, the said Thomas' de Chaworth, quit claimed. Robert de Chaurces held a knights' fee in Marneham, which , he had with the daughter of Ralph, son of William de Walichvill, temp. Henry II. excepting two carucates of land, whereof the king made his plea. This Robert, 14 Henry II. gave account of one mark for one fee of the aid of Maud, the king's daughter. King John confirmed to Robert de Chaurces and his heirs, the manor of Marneham and Wad- worth for one knights' fee, which were the inheritance of the said Robert, and Wil liam his father, 14 Henry III. William de Chaurces acknowledged that he then owed to Alice, countess of Ewe, fifty-five marks of the fine made between them. the king, 28 Henry III. confirmed the gift and grant which Alice, countess of Ewe, made to Robert de Lexington, of the custody of the whole land which was William de Chaurces in Marneham, but it appears this William was then dead. He married one of the sisters and co-heirs of Thomas, son of Robert, Baron of Alfreton, by whom he left a son, Thomas de Chaurces, in minority, 26 Henry III. Robert de Latham married Joanne (whom other authors call Amicia) the other co-heiress, and gave a great fine for having the custody or wardship of Thomas de Chaurces, nephew, and one of the heirs of Thomas, son of Robert de Alfreton, until he should be of age, saving to the king all wards, escheats, manors, and advowson of churches, and the manors of other, the heirs of the said Thomas, if he should chance to die before he came of age. Thomas de Chaworth, 34 Henry III. had a suit against the bishop of Lincoln. Thomas de Chaworth, 41 Henry III, had mercat and fair granted at Marneham Chaworth, and free warren at Alfreton, Norton, &c. The first Robert de Chaurces held a knights' fee of William de Albeni, in Leicestershire, his grand child or brother, the second Robert, who married the great co-heir, kept mrtso true to the crown, but there is a note of his returning to his fidelity and the king's trust, temp. Henry III. Thomas, son of William de Chaworth, was a great benefactor to Beauchief, and gave several parcels of land in Alfreton, Norton and Greenhill (an hamlet of that soke) and Woodseats, Little Norton, and other places in Derbyshire, and confirmed the gifts of Thomas de Chaworth, his grandfather, and other his an cestors in Alfreton, Norton, &c. which were confirmed by the king, 9 Edward II. Thomas de Chaworth had settled Marneham, by a fine, 12 Edward II. on Thomas de Chaworth, his son, and the heirs of his body, which he should beget on Joan his wife, &c. This younger Thomas died before his father, and had a second wife, named Margaret (after his death, 47 Edward III. married to William de Spaigne, of Boston) 12 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER by whom this Thomas de Chaworth, the younger, had William, who was eighteen vears old on the death of his grandfather, Sir Thomas, the elder ; which happened about 42 Edward III. he being a very old man. William de Chaworth married Alice, the: daughter and heir of John de CaltoftAknt. lord of East Bndgeford. j Thomas Dynham, gent. 31 Henry VIII. claimed, against John Fitz Wuhams widow, the third part of the manors of Alfreton and Norton, which continued long to the family of Chaworth, and of which Joan was in part heir. i -1 J Is mxmm^mmm Up The church is an ancient rude structure, with some handsome perpendicular win dows, and pinnacled tower steeple at the west end embattled; the whole structure has evidently been built at several different times, with but little regularity of form. One of the lords of Alfreton was the builder of this church ; for it appears that in the ninth year of the reign of Henry II. Robert, the son of Ranulph, gave it to Beauchief abbey, of which he was the founder. In the second year of the reign of Edward VI. the king granted it to Thomas Babington, who had then become the proprietor of the manor. The church is dedicated to St. Mary. The living is a vicarage, valued in the king's books at £16. yearly tenths 16*. 10^d. It has been augmented with a sum of £200. subscribed, and £200. obtained from queen Anne's bounty, and is now worth about £150. per annum. The rectory of Alfreton, with the advowson of the vicarage, was granted by Henry V III. to Francis Leake, esq. whose descendant, Nicholas Earl of Scarsdale, sold them, in 1673, to John Turner, of Swanwick, gent. The rectorial tithes were sold by auc tion, about the year 1779, chiefly to the several land owners, by the trustees of the late George Turner, esq. The advowson of the vicarage was purchased by the late George Morewood, esq. and now belongs to William Palmer Morewood, esq. The present incumbent is the Rev. John Pepper. There was a chantry in the church of Alfreton, dedicated to the Virgin Mary. The lands belonging to which, of the value of £8. 4*-. Sd. per annum, were granted by Edward VI. to Thomas Babington. Arms and Inscriptions in the Church. On the north wall of the chancel is a brass tablet to First, Sable, a chief with the siin's rays therefrom the memory of John Ormond, esq. lord of the manor. ¦ issuing, Or ; Ormond impaling. The brass is sunk into a slab of gritstone, on which Second, Az. two chevronels, Or. Alfreton appear formerly to have been two figures in a kneel- Here lies John Ormond, esq. and Joan his wife the ing posture. Over the writing is the following coat of daughter and heir of William Chaworth, knt. who' was arms : the son and heir of Thomas Chaworth, knt. who was OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 13 the son and heir of William Chaworth, knt. and of Mice his wife, the daughter and heirof John Caltofte, knt who was cousin and heir of John Brett, knt. and of the daughter of Katherine, the sister of the said John Brett, knt.; and the said William Chaworth, the son of Thomas, is also the son and heirof Isabella, the wife of the said Thomas, one of the daughters and heiress of Thomas Aylisbury, knt. the son and heir of John Aylisbury, knt. who was the son and heir of Thomas Aylisbury, knt. and Joan his wife, one of the daughters of Ranulph, lord of Basset, of Welldon ; and the said Isabella is also the daughter of Ratina, the wife of the aforesaid Thomas Aylisbury, knt. the daughter and heiress of Laurence Pakenham, knt and Elizabeth his wife, one of the daughters and heiress of John, Lord of Engayn ; which said John Ormond died the 5th day of the month October, in the year of our Lord 1505, and in the 19th year of the reigh of king Henry the Seventh; and the said Joan died the 29th dav of the month of, August, in the year of our Lord 1507. To whose souls may God be merciful. Amen. In the chancel a large black and whitemarble mural monument, inscribed: "Sacred to the memory of EUen, the widow of George Morewood, esq. (Lord of this Manor) and afterwards the wife of the Rev. Henry Case, of Bury St Edmunds, in Norfolk, who, upon his marriage with her, assumed the additional sur name of Morewood. She died on the 10th day of Oc tober, 1824, aged 85 years. Also to the memory of the said Rev. Henry Case Morewood, who died 21st June, 1825, aged 78 years. George Morewood, esq. died 1st Jan. 1792, jEtat 72. Anthony Morewood, died 1636. George Bonsall, gent, died 19th of Dec. 1797, aged 78. Margaret, his wife, the 21st of May, 1776, aged 50. John Bonsall, gent, died Aug. the 7th 1810, aged 59. Ann Boot, late of Alfreton, died the 24th of April, 1797, aged 92. Rev. Jonah Malkin died the 17th of March, 1785, aged 73. Christopher Holmes, gent, died the 1st of Dec. 1761, aged 50. Also Christopher, his eldest son, died the 26th of April, 1779, aged 29"years : the said Christo pher entered as an officer in the Derby regiment, on their first being raised, and served some years as sur geon to the said regiment Charities belonging to this Parish. Boot Jane Gisbome Rev. Francis ... Hunter Thomas Ludlam John Morewood Rowland Parker Adam Reynolds Margaret Turner George Rent charge Rent charge 27 a. 0 r. 11 p. Rent charge Rent charge Rent charge 1 0 0 5 10 0 3 IS 0 0 10 0 39 0 0 5 5 0 1 0 0 I 10 0 20 poor widows Clothing Poor PoorPoorPoor Poor l 20*. Poor, "» 1 10s. Minister j Will, 10th Sep. 1795. Deed, 1817; Will, 1818. Indre. 28th May, 1735. Will, 1684. Will, 15th April, 1647. Will, 12th July, 1800. Indenture, 20th July, 1621. Will, 7th Dec. 1641. SWANWICK SCHOOL. By indenture, bearing date 3 April, 1740, and enrolled in chancery, between George Turner, of the parish of St. Martin in the Field, and Sibella his wife, of theonepart: and Thomas Thoroton, John Wood, and others of the other part ; the said George Turner and Sibella his wife, for a nominal consideration, bargained and sold to the said Thomas Thoroton and others, and their heirs, a piece of land in Swanwick, containing 20 yards by 16, to the intent that a charity-school should be erected thereon, for teaching twelve poor boys and eight poor girls of the parish of Alfreton to read and to write. By indenture, bearing date 5 April, 1740, and en rolled in chancery, between Elizabeth Turner, widow, ofthe one part, and the said George Turner, Thomas Thoroton, and others, of the other part, the said Elizabeth Turner, for establishing a charity, and for securing the payment of the several annual sums there inafter mentioned, assigned and transferred, to the said George Turner and others, the sum of £457. lis. New South Sea annuities, on trust to sell the same, and with the money arising therefrom, to purchase lands and tenements, and to settle the same on trust, that they, the said George Turner and others, their heirs and assigns, should yearly, out of the rents, pay the yearly sum of £15. half yearly, at Michaelmas and There is an Independent and a Wesleyan Methodist meeting house in Alfreton. Alfreton hall,, the family seat, occupying an elevated and pleasant site, was built hy Rowland Morewood, esq. about ninety-five years ago. This gentleman was remarkable for being the first in that part of the county who attempted to shoot flying, and for his fondness for planting oak trees ; which passion being inherited by his son, he saw many thousands rise into shady groves and sturdy timber, which, added to rich veins of coals, increased a moderate fortune to a very considerable one ; the principal part of which he left to his widow. The present mansion-house is built of capital free stone, a little to the west of the old building. The house stands on a fine elevation, commanding pleasing views of the surrounding country from the north and west fronts. The present owner has enlarged and considerably improved the house. The adjoin ing grounds, according to their extent, are well laid out. Below the house is a piece ¦of woodland, the upper part of which is intersected by two avenues ; one is termi nated by a temple of Diana and a fine bust ; and the other of them by an obelisk above, and below by a piece of water, the boundaries of which not being seen from the Lady-day, to a schoolmaster, to teach twelve poor boys of the parish of Alfreton, of which Swanwick and Greenhill Lane should always have the preference, to read and to write ; ana to lay out the surplus of the said rents to such charitable uses as the majority ofthe trustees should think proper; The trust property con sists of a school house and thirteen closes of land, containing 43 a. 2 r. all situate at Swanwick, in the parish of Alfreton. Anthony Machin was appointed schoolmaster in 1810; and it was then resolved by the trustees that he should receive £15. per annum for teaching twelve boys and eight girls to read, write and cast accounts; that he should be admitted tenant from year to year of the house and school lands, at the yearly rent of £50. that the surplus of the rent beyond the said £15. and such other sum as might be required for the repairs ofthe premises and school, should be paid to the said Anthony Machin, on condition of his teaching twenty additional children, twelve boys and eight girls, free from all expense, to read, write and cast accounts. The school master, in respect of his occupation of the estate, in structs forty children in reading, writing and arith metic ; all of them taken from Swanwick and Green- hill Lane. 14 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER farthest point of view, the imagination is left to form to itself the idea of unlimited expansion, by which it is easily induced to transform a little fish-pond into an exten sive lake. Below are several rural moss huts, and a grotto, built of the different fos sils and minerals of all that diversity of form and colour exhibited in the mineral productions of the Peak. It is of an octagon form, and within are painted repre? sentations of several scenes described in Walton's Angler. The house is furnished with a considerable collection of paintings (some of them by the best masters) with a valuable library of ancient and modern authors, and near to the house are excellent gardens well stored with choice fruits and vegetables. Pedigree of MOREWOOD, ofthe Oaks in Bradfield, and Alfreton. ARMS. Quarterly 1 and 4 Morewood, Vert, an Oak tree cnupe en base. Argent, fructed, Or. 2 and 3 Palmer, Argent, on two bars Sable, three Trefoils of the first in chief, a Grey hound courant of the second. CREST. On a torce Argent and Vert, two arms embowed, armed. Proper, supporting a chaplet of oak, branches. Vert, fructed, Or. / William Morewood, plaintiff respecting lands in = Bradfield, co. York, 10 Henry VI. Bradfield. John Morewood, ofthe Oaks in Bradfield, = co. York, temp. Henry VII. and VIII. i Gilbert Morewood, of the = Oaks, 11 Elizabeth. I John Morewood, of the = Oaks, 15 Elizabeth. I Rowland Morewood, of Staden, in 1572. Rowland Morewood, ofthe Oaks, gent. will dated 19th Feb. 1618, and proved at York, 30th Sep. 1619, by John Morewood, his son and executor. He was buried in Bradfield church, 1st July, 1619. He had seven sons and eight daughters. Catherine, dau. and co-heir of Humphry Stafford, of Eyam, co. Derby, gent, by Lucy, his wife, dau. of Edward Eyre, of Holme hall. co. Derby, esq. bur. at Bradfield, 16th Jan. 1595. Andrew Morewood, of . Staden, co. Derby. Named an executor in the will of his brother. Had a son named Rowland. John Morewood, = of the Oaks, gent- son and heir, died 23rd Nov. 1647. bur. at Bradfield: will dated 11th Oct. 1647, proved at York, 20th June, 1648. Had nine sons and seven daughters. Grace Hurst, of the county of York, died 13th July, 1647. bur. at Bradfield. Gilbert Morewood, of London, merchant, bapt at Bradfield, 21st Dec. 1586. He acquired a large property, which he divided by will, bearing date 11th May, 1650, among his three daughters and co-heirs. I Anthony Morewood, of Hemsworth in Norton, co. Derby, 1615; pur chased Alfreton, 1629, where he died 29th June, 1656, and there buried, with his wife, to whom is a monu ment Frances Kelhill: died 29th August 1636. Rowland Morewood, esq. of Alfreton, eldest son and heir, co-purchaser of Alfreton, 1629 ; bapt. at Norton 1615, and died 1649. Anthony Morewood, esq- of Alfreton, 6th son and heir, bapt. 1615, obt. 1649. eldest dau. wife of Alexander Stanhope, esq. obt. S. P. Elizabeth, youngest dau. wife of Henry Goreing, esq. She obt. S. P. Rowland Morewood, of the Oaks, and of Norton, esq. S. P. born. May, 1613 ; died at Nor ton, 28th Aug. 1658, bur. at Bradfield. Will dated 24th March, 1657., Mary, dau. of Leonard Gill, of Norton, gent. died 25th Mar. 1652, bur. at Bradfield. Andrew Morewood, of the Hallowes, parish of Dron field , gent* and lead mer chant, died 17th Oct. 1700. Had six daughters. = Mary, dau. of William Spencer, of Attercliffe, gent. mar. at Sheffield, 21st Feb. 1655, died 30th April, 1682. Gilbert Morewood, of Dronfield, gent mar. Martha, dau. of Nicholas San derson, of Sheff,, , gent, died in Feb- 1666. OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 15 Elizabeth, 1st = wife, dau. of Edward GUI, of Car house, esq. some time M. P. for the West Riding ; mar. at Rother- ham, 3rd Feb. 1668. Had a dau. Mary, who died an infant. John Morewood, of Alfre- ¦ ton, esq. to which estate he succeeded on the death of his cousins, the daughters of Anthony Morewood ; bapt at Nor ton, 5th May, 1642; sheriff of Derbyshire 1677, when he obtained a grant of arms to himself and all the descendants of his grand father; died 2nd Feb. 1680. Barbara, 2nd wife, dau. of Archdale Palmer, of Wanlop, co. Leicester, esq. relict of Samuel Sleigh, esq. son and heir of Sir Samuel Sleigh, of Etwail, co. Derby, bart. Samuel Morewood, ofthe Oaks, gent. 4th but 2nd survi ving son, bapt. at Bradfield 2nd April, 1648, bur. there 25th May, 1715. Had one son and seven daughters. = Elizabeth, dau. and*co-heir of John Greaves, of Hallfield, par ish of Ecclesfield, mar. at Bradfield, 13th July, 1675; bur. there 2nd July, 1727. Rowland Morewood, of Alfreton, esq. high sheriff of the county of Derby 1707 ; living 1746. John Morewood, died unmarried, 1758. Thomas, 3rd son, died S. P* Mary Wigley, of Mansfield ; in 1746 described as heir at law to James Wigley, late of Wirksworth, mercer. Martha, mar. Anthony Bradshaw, of Holbrooke, obt. S. P. Mary, 'living 1708. George Morewood, of Alfreton, esq. high sheriff of the county of Derby, 1762; died 1st Jan. 1792, aged 72. Will 7th May, 1783. - Helen, dau. of Richard Goodwin, of Ashbourn, gent, died 10th Oct. 1824. Henry Case, 2nd hus- dau. = Charles band, rector of Lad brooke, co. Warwick, mar. 7th Feb. 1793, when he assumed the surname of Morewood, and died without issue, 13th June, 1S25. of Richard Goodwin, of Ashbourn, gent, sister of Helen Morewood. only child, died an infant. Palmer, esq. Lad- brooke, co. War wick. William Palmer Morewood, esq. Ladbrooke = Clara, dau. of and Alfreton Park, male heir to his mater nal aunt and took the name and arms of Morewood anno 1825. Descended from Sir William Palmer, of Clerkenwell, co. Middle sex, knt who, in 18 Charles I. purchased Lad brooke, co. Warwick, which has continued in the family to this time. Sir Charles Blois, of Cock- field hall, near Ipswich. Rev. Charles Palmer, rector of Ladbrooke. ¦ Lady Charlotte French, sister to the Earl of Aylesford; mar. 23rd Jan. 1822. Ellen. Charles Rowland Palmer Morewood. Lucy. ed< Frederick. From an early period the Morewoods ranked among the principal gentry of that district, of this and the neighbouring counties, which has obtained the name of Hal- lamshire. The Oaks in Bradfield was sold by John Morewood, son of Samuel, to Robert Newton, esq. of Norton. He died in 1771, at the advanced age of 83, and left a numerous progeny (Samuel and Rowland, with others) deprived of their landed possessions. The three daughters of the wealthy merchant, Gilbert, who died in 1650, enriched many illustrious families. Barbara was the wife of Thomas Rich, esq. afterwards Sir Thomas Rich, of Sunning ; Grace married Simon Bennet, of Bechampton, esq. and her three daughters were married into the noble families of Osborne, Cecil and Bennet ; Frances became the wife of Sir Thomas Gresley, of Drakelow, bart. Anthony Morewood was high-sheriff of the county of Derby, in 1649. He left two daughters, of whom the elder married the Hon. Alexander Stan*- hope, a younger son of the Earl of Chesterfield ; the younger, Henry Goreing, esq. Both died without issue, and the estate of Alfreton passed to John Morewood, as may be seen in the Pedigree. Four of this family have been high-sheriffs of the county of Derby, viz. Anthony in 1649, John 1677, Rowland 1707, and George 1762. Row land, who died in 1649, was a great benefactor to Alfreton and other places. ALKMANTON, a village, township and constablery in the parish of Longford Aichementune, and hundred of Appletree, contains 12 houses, 12 families, and 81 inhabitants, all of whom are employed in agriculture. This township contains 736 a. 2 r. 4 p. of good land, principally upon the red marl, 22 acres of which is planted ; part of it is tithe free, and part titheable. The whole is divided into five farms, and the average rental is about £2. per acre. The estimated annual value of the land and buildings is £917. 16s. 2d. The parochial expenses have averaged £57. per annum for the last eight years. Mr. Evans has built a new school-house for the 16 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER use of the children of Alkmanton and Bentley, and about twenty-four scholars are instructed free,- at the expense of that gentleman and Sir Robert Wilmot, bart. In Akhementune, Uluiet had one carucate and a half of land to be taxed. Land to two ploughs. There are now two ploughs in the demesne, and eight villanes and seven bordars, having two ploughs and twelne acres of meadow. Wood pasture one mile long and half a mile broad, value in king Edward's time 60s. now 40s. D. B. 304. This lordship was part of the lands of Henry de Ferrers. In 25 Edward I. Ralf de Bakepuize held it, and his descendant Galfred de Bakepuize : after which it came to the family of Blount, in the same manner as Barton, and continued in it until it came, either by marriage or purchase, to William Barnesley. On the 23rd of January, 1674, Charles Barnesley, esq. son and heir of Gilbert Barnesley, esq. of Alkmanton, sold this estate to Thomas Browne, esq. of Bentley, for £2300. The Earl of Chesterfield purchased it of the Brownes in 1727. Earl Stanhope sold it in 1781 to the late Thomas Evans, esq. of Derby, and it is now the property of his grandson, William Evans, esq. of Allestree. Between this village and Bentley stood the hospital of St. Leonard, which if not founded, was at least further endowed by Walter Blount, Lord Mountjoy ; for by his will, bearing date 1474, he bequeathed lands of £10. per annum value to the ancient hospital of St. Leonard, to pray for the souls of himself, his children and his ancestors ; for the souls of Humphry Stafford, duke of Buckingham, Earl Rivers, Sir John Wood- ville and the ancient lords of the hospital, and to repeat the psalter of the Virgin Mary twice every day in the chapel of the hospital. And further, he directed that the master of the hospital should find seven poor men, such as had been old serving men with the lords of Barton, patrons of the said hospital, or old tenants of the said lands in Derbyshire or Staffordshire, to be fifty-five years old when elected, at least, and to have 2s. id. per week paid by the said master, and each to have a cow-gate in Barton park, and a load of wood yearly out of it for firing ; and every third year a gown and hood of white or russet cloth, alternately marked with a Tazene cross of red, and that none of those poor men should go a begging on pain of being dismissed. Lord Mountjoy directed also that a chapel should be built at Alkmanton, dedicated to St. Nicholas, and that the master of the hospital should say mass in it yearly, on the festival of St. Nicholas. There are no remains of the hospital or of the chapel of St. Nicholas. Allenhill is in the parish of Matlock. ALLESTREE, 2 m. N. of Derby, on the road to Duffield, &c. a parochial vil- AdAiiestrif reW' ^a8e' township, constablery and chapelry in the parish of Mack- y' worth, deanery of Derby and hundred of Morleston and Litchurch. This village is pleasantly seated on the west bank of the Derwent, and consists of 67 houses, 70 families and 361 inhabitants. Of the 70 families 18 are employed in agriculture, 38 in trade, chiefly cotton spinning, and 14 follow various employments. The township contains about 1 030 acres of excellent land, divided amongst fourteen freeholders. The principal landed proprietors are William Evans, esq. who owns about 450 acres, 30^ acres of which are planted ; Walter Evans, esq. has 220 acres, on which he keeps a dairy of fifty prime short horned cows to supply his work people with milk; Francis Mundy, esq. M. P. has 130 acres; Bache Thornhill, esq. 150 acres; and Mr. Hall, of Boulton, 60 acres ; the others are small freeholders. The average rental is about 50s. per acre. The estimated annual value of file land and buildings is £1865. 12s. 6d. The average amount ofthe poor rates, for the last seven years, is about £111. ; county rates, £26. ; and highways, £20. per annum. There are a Methodist chapel, an infant, a day, and two Sunday schools, and two public houses in this village. The schools are chiefly supported by Walter EvaHS, esq. of Darley. Adelardestrew is described in Doomsday-Book as a hamlet of the manor of Mark- eaton ; and it appears ever since to have been held with it ; being now the property of Francis Mundy, esq. M. P. of Markeaton. At Allestrey one messuage, two cot tages, three ox-gangs of land, and Is. 6d. annual rent formerly belonged to Darley abbey. The Mundy family were owners of this lordship upwards of two centuries : OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 17 the late F. N. C. Mundy, esq. sold a considerable part of the estate to the late Thomas Evans, and Charles Upton, esqrs. of Derby, and Bache Thornhill, esq. of Stanton in the Peak ; the latter afterwards purchased the house and land conveyed to Mr. Upton, and built a handsome modern mansion on the estate. About the year 1805 Mr. Thornhill conveyed this estate to John Charles Girardot, esq. from whom Wil liam Evans, esq. has purchased it. The estate purchased by Thomas Evans, esq. is now the property of Walter Evans, esq. of Darley hall. The ancient church, with a square tower and a Saxon porch, stands on an elevated site. In the church-yard is a yew tree of large dimensions, which appears to be of equal antiquity with the church. The church, which formerly belonged to the abbey of Darley, is dedicated to St. Andrew. TJie hving is a donative curacy of the clear value of £5. Francis Mundy, esq. M. P. is the patron. The present annual value is about £55. The Rev. George Pickering, vicar of Mackworth, incumbent. Arms and Monumental Inscriptions in the Church. In memory of Colonel Robert Mundy, esq. third son of Gilbert Mundy, esq. of this town, who married Ellen, the daughter of John Slack, of Wirksworth, gent, by whom he had issue, John, Robert, Gilbert and Edward ; the three youngest survived their father, who died Feb- 29th, 1708, in the 34th year of his age. Frances, wife of William, and mother of Francis Mundy, of Markeaton, esqrs. and ouly daughter of Captain Gilbert Coke, second son of Sir Francis Coke, of Trusley. She died Aug. 1672, aged 33. In the same grave also lies the body of Charles Coke, M. D. only son of the said Gilbert Coke. He died a bachelor, 24th of May, 1720, in the 80th year of his age. This monument is piously dedicated to their memories by Ann, only daughter of the said Francis Mundy, and wife of Samuel Pole, esq. of Radbourne. ARMS. On a shield, A. canton and three cres cents, S. On a tablet, to the memory of Wrightson Charles Mundy, third son of Wrightson Mundy, esq. of Mark eaton, who died 9th of May, 1755, in the 7th year of his age, at Castle Donington school. Frances, wife of William Mundy, of Darleygh, gent. by whom he had only four children, Anne, Edward, John, aud Francis: the first and last now living: Ed ward, buried at Radborne; John, with his mother. She was the only daughter of Captain Gilbert Coke, of Zutphen, in , second son of Sir Francis Coke, of Trusley, co. Derby, knight. Her father was buried at Zutphen. She died 29th August, 1672, aged 33. Gilbert Mundy. of Allestrey, esq. died 29th October, 1709. Mary, wife of Gilbert Mundy, died 22nd Nov. 1695. Gilbert, the son of Gilbert Mundy, died 1st April, 1701, aged 22. Wrightson Mundy, fourth son of Francis Mundy, of Markeaton, esq. aud Phillippa, his wife. He died 27th Sept. 1750, aged 48. Hie infra Sepultus est Adrianus Mundy, Nuper de Quarne alias Quarndon, in hoc Derbia?, comitatu armi- ger, filiusnatu tertius Francisci Mundy, de Markeaton, in praedieto Derbiensi, agro armigeri, qui cum pieta- tem erga deum — Erga proximum justitiam and chari- tateiri. Vivus diligenter coluisset. Faeliciter obdor- miit in Christo die Aprilis 23, Anno .Era; Christiana; 1677, Status sua? 71- Unicam reliquit tiliam et hffiredem. Nomine Mili- centam Nuptam Johanni Musters, armigero — Filio natu Maximo Dni. Johannis Musters, de Colwick, in comitatu Nottingamia?, Equitis Aurati — Qui charissi- mi soceri memoriae pie consulens hoc posuit. John Mundy, of Markeaton, esq. died 20th March, 1681, aged 81. Anne, daughter of Sir Francis Coke, of Trusley, wife of John Mundy, of Allestrey, gent, who had by her eleven children. Ann and Milicent lyeth by their mother: one son buried at Trusley; two sons and a daughter, at Kirkby, Notts. ; and four sons and a daughter living. Wrightson Mundy, esq. of Markeaton, died ISth June, 1762, aged 47. Anne, wife of Wrightson Mundy, esq. died 8th Jan. 1759, aged 44. , F. N. C. Muudy, esq. of Markeaton, died 23rd Oct. 3815, aged 76. His 1st wife, Betty, died at Falmouth, 1st Oct. 1768, aged 22; his 2nd wife, Elizabeth, died 2nd Aug. 1807, aged 64. A tablet records the deaths of Fanny, Adrian, Rosa mond, and Charlotte, children of Francis Mundy, esq. and Sarah, his wife : viz. Fanny, born Nov. 15, 1802; died June 12th, 1804; buried at Teynemouth, in Northumberland : Adrian, born Oct. 24, 1809 ; died April 26, 1819 ; buried at St. James's church, London : Rosamond, born July 13, 1808 ; died May 15, 1821 ; buried at Allestree : Charlotte, born Nov. 10, 1804; died May 30, 1823 ; buried at St. James's, London. Thomas Evans, died 1st March, 1814, aged 91 years. William Evans, son of Thomas and Sarah, his wife, who died 18th March, 1796, aged 41 years. Thomas Evans, jun. third son of William Evans and Elizabeth, his wife, died 4th April, 1797, aged 2 years. Charles Upton, son-in-law of the above Thomas Evans, died 4th Dec. 1814, aged 62 years. Another tablet records the memory of George Evans, second son of William Evans, of Darley, and Elizabeth his wife ; who was drowned by jumping into the foam of theiweir which crossed the river Wharfe, near Thorp Arch Seminary, Yorkshire, at the time of a high flood, on the 29th May, 1804, aged 15. " Fair bloomed the vernal morn of this lov'd youth, Fresh on his cheek the rose of beauty beam'd, His open brow confess'd his artless truth, And valour from his steady eyeball gleamM ; Pleased nature saw unfold his manly form, And new-born grace his vigorous limbs adom. Firm, active, generous was young George's mind, Pure emulation in his bosom glow'd, His manners gentle as his heart was kind, And from his lips Joy's blithest accents flow'd; Dear artless youth, thy latent worth, when known, Had charmed the hearts of others, bless'd thineown. On Wharfe*s green banks he roam'd with hope elate, He dared the foaming flood with blameless pride, The refluent eddy triumph'd in his fate, He sunk o'erwhelm'd, and all lamented died ; Mysterious Heaven ! thy mercy we implore. Wait the great teacher Death, and God adore." Charities. The Church lands consist of 14 acres of land, and three cottages, now let for £30, 16*. per annum for the repairs of the parish church. Adrian Mundy left a rent charge of 24a viz. 20*. to the poor, 2s. to the churchwarden, and Is. to the minis ter. This gentleman bequeathed to the poor of Mark eaton, Mackworth, Allestree, Quarndon, and Rad- PART II.] B bourn, 20*. each ; to the minister and churchwarden of each town 4*. ; to the minister of Quarndon to read divine service at the chapel £3. and 20s. a year to the clerk* The sum of £10. is received annually by the Rev. William Barber, the minister of Quarndon, from Mrs. Stevens, the owner and occupier of the mill at Ashover, who is charged therewith. « w HH -J M CDo H I— I w oo Pedigree of EVANS of Allestree, Darley, Mathfield, Sfc. fyc. ARMS. Quarterly 1 and 4 Evans, Girony of eight, Argent and Vert, a Lion rampant regardant, Or. 2 and 3 Ferne, per bend indented, Argent and Gules, two Lions' Heads erased, counterchanged, ducally crowned. Or. CREST. In a charger {or dish) a Boar's Head, erased, Argent. Anthony Evans, of Winster, co. Derby, yeoman = Hannah, dau. of Edmund, and sister and co-heiress of Edmund Ferne, of Bonsall, gent. Edmund Evans, of Upper Bonsall, gent, found one of the heirs of his = Rebeckah, dau. of Thomas Gell, of Middlcton by Wirksworth, initio 1("Y1 mnnil Pumo 17111 nn liio .ilmlttanna In t\ta r.. ..-,,. 1-, . ,1.1 lrni^o AinA Ifill, T. ,.-,,-. 11IM „-,..-l PTO . 1 :_J -t. ¦> 11 uncle, Edmund Ferne, 1710, on his admittance to the copyhold lands at Bonsall 5 died 25th Dec 1746, aged 56; buried at Bonsall. died 16th June, 1767, aged 78 ; buried at Bonsall. Rev. Edm. « Evans, of Mathfield, co. Stafford, eldest son and heir, died about 1790. Sarah, dau. of William Greaves, of Mathfield, gent. mar. sett, dated 10th July, 1738, for tune £3000. Sarah, •¦ daugh ter of William Evans, of Derby. ...... widow = of Pea cock, of Rodg- ley. dau. and heirof John Spencer, of Wyaston, gent. Sarah, dnu. and heir. Elizabeth, only dau. mar. Mr. Goodwin, of , now a widow, residing at "7 Shirley Park. William Greaves, M. D. of Elizabeth, died unmarried. Mathfield, J. P. of Staffordshire. Rev. William Evans, of Mathfield, son and heir. Tho. Evans, esq. of Der by, banker, many years Co. Treasur. died Mar. 1814, aged 91, bur. at Allestree. William Evans, of Darley, gent. . eldest son, died 18th March, 1796, aged 41. Barbara, dau. of ... Stubbs, of Ran ton Abbey, co. Stafford. Geo. Evans, of Crom- ford, gent. died 28th March, 1808, aged 82, buried at Bonsall. = Ann, dau, of Peter Evans, Nightin- of Burton gale, of on Trent, Lea, afterwards gent. of Cald- died 7th well, co. Feb. 1815, Derby, ag- 82, bur. gent. at Bonsall. Henry = Martha Mary, Hannah, Eliza- Wood, died mar. the beth, of Swan- unmar. Rev. mar. wick. 29 Nov. Anthony William 1794. Carr, of James, Swanwick, of vicar of Bristol. Alfreton' and Selston. George, only son, bur. 3rd April, 1759, at Bonsall, S. P. I wife Elizabeth, Mary, mar. John = Eliz. dau. of living un- William Evans, of Carter, married at Shore, esq. of Cal- Stone, of of Lei- Cromford Tapton lingwood, Boylston, cester, Bridge Halhjiear co. Staff, co. Derby. attorney. House, 1829. Sheffield, a wid. 1829. Martha, Martha, obt. yo. wife of Mary, William obt. Worthing- unmar. ton, of Burton, = Elizabeth, dau. of Jedediah Strutt, of Derby, esq. Edmund = Evans, of Yeldersley House and Der by, esq. died 1st Oct. 1824, bur. at St. Wer- burgh's, Derby. Doro- = Sophia, Sarah, mar. thy dau. of Paul Cha. Upton, Coles, Webster, of of Derby, esq. of Bir- Derby, gent, he died 4th ming- re-mar. Rev. Dec. 1814, ham. J. Wakefield. aged 62- I I I I ' Walter Evans, = Elizabeth, Barbara, Sarah, wife Ann, wife Rebeckah, esq. ofDarley, | da. of Jed. mar. Wm. of Tho. ofEdw. unmar. at Strutt, esq. Strutt, Worthing- of Derby, esq. F-S.A. ton, of widow of Derby. Burton. Wm. Evans. -*- Henry, died 27th Oct. 1772, hear Derby! bur. at 1829. Founder Bonsall. of Darley church and Free Schools. Riley, of Bath. ¦Caldwell, 1829. ' Elizabeth. William Evans, esq. of = Mary, dau. Allestree hall, co. Derby, late M. P. for Retford, Notts, high- sheriff of co. Derby, Lord ofthe Manors of Alkmanton, Newton Grange, Parwieh, and Brailsford. I George, Frances. of Rev. drowned in Thomas the river Gisborne, of Wharfe, at Yoxall Lodge, Thorpe Arch, co. Stafford. 29th May, 1804 aged 15. I I Ellen, mar. Thomas, Rev. John 3rd son, Edmund Carr, obt. 4th perpetual curate April, 1797, of Parwieh and aged 2. Alsop, mar. 23rd April, 1824. Two sons died infants. William Bowyer Evans, born 1791. died 29th Jan. 1801. Sarah Ellen, eldest dau. died 30th April, 1825, unmarried. Elisabeth, dau. and heiress, mar. John Harrison, esq. of Snelston hall, J. P. for co. Derby. Eliz. died unm. Arthur Evans, only son, born 9th June, 1800, died 20th Jan. 1821, S.P. Thomas William. OF THE COUNTY OF DEItBY. 19 Allestree hall, the residence of William Evans, esq. stands on an elevated site, on the west bank of the Derwent, in the centre of a fine park, backed with a thriving plantation ; a rich lawn spreads in the front of it, and a sheet of water, at some dis tance from the mansion, recently made by Mr. Evans, adds much to the beauty of the scenery. The prospects from the hall are rich landscapes of great variety. The house has been improved internally, and also in its external appearance, since Mr. Evans has made it his residence. The respectable family of the Evans, of Allestree and Darley, had its rise in the reign of William and Mary, by the marriage of Anthony Evans, yeoman, of Winster, to Hannah, co-heiress of Edmund Ferne, a considerable landowner of Bonsall. Many individuals of this family have been distinguished for their enterprize and ac quisitions ; more particularly the late Thomas Evans, esq. who was banker and, for many years, county treasurer: he died at the advanced age of 91, possessed, it is said, of £800,000. Walter Evans, esq. is the founder of Darley church, and several free schools. William Evans, esq. was M. P. for Retford, in Nottingham shire, and stood the severely contested election at Leicester in 1826, which is said to have cost him the sum of £20,000. He is high-sheriff for "the county, this present year, 1829. Lord of the manors of Alkmanton, Brailsford, Newton Grange, and Parwieh, and has a landed estate of 3750 acres and upwards in the county. ALLTON, a small village in the parish of Wirksworth, and in the hundred of Alton, Appletree, 2 m. S. of Wirksworth, is part of the township of Ideridge- hay. William de Ferrers, Earl of Derby, in the reign of Henry III. conveyed the manor to Richard Burun or Byron, and his heirs, whose descendant, Sir Nicholas Byron, died seized of it in 1503. It was afterwards successively in the Blackwalls and Iretons ; the latter sold it about the middle of the 1 7th century to Henry Mellor ; his brother sold it to the Hon. Anchetil Grey. George Grey, Earl of Stamford, sold it, in 1747, to Dr. (afterwards Sir Edward) Wilmot, grandfather of Sir Robert Wilmot, bart. of Chaddesden, who is the present proprietor. This manor contains 500 acres of good strong land, watered by the river Ecclesburne. There are several pews in the body and gallery of Wirksworth church belonging to this estate. The tithes are taken by composition. The roads are much improved. William White, gent, an eminent land-surveyor and valuer, is agent to Sir Robert Wilmot, bart. and resides at the ancient hall or manor house. Alport, in the parish of Hope. Alport, a small village in the parish of Yolgrave, containing about 22 houses, is seated on the river Lathkil. There is a paper-mill and a dye-house at this place. It is the property of the Duke of Rutland. ALSOP and COLD EATON, a village, township and parish in the deanery of Eiieshope and Eitun, Ashbourn and wapentake of Wirksworth, 5^ miles N. W. of Ashbourn, on the east bank of the river Dove. This township contains 8 houses, 8 families and 61 inhabitants. Seven families are employed in agriculture and one in trade. Alsop contains 864 acres of good limestone land, which belong to several proprietors, the principal of whom are Walter Evans, esq. who is lord of the manor, and owns 280 acres; Rev. Charles Stead Hope, 100 acres; Mr. William Gould, of Hanson Grange, 200 acres ; Mr. John Dakin, 100 acres ; Mr. Doxey and John Haywood : and Cold Eaton 595 acres. The estimated annual value of the land and buildings is £1884. 10*. These villages have been claimed by Ashbourn, but they now form a distinct parish ; whether they were ever subordinate to Ashbourn is not known. Lysons calls it a chapelry in the parish of Ashbourn. They are subject to pay all tithes to G. H. Errington, esq. as lessee under the dean and chapter of Lincoln. This village is governed by a constable. At the time of the Doomsday Survey, Eiieshope and Eitun were berewicks to the manor of Parwieh. Alsop, which had been parcel of the ancient demesnes of the crown, was granted to William de Ferrers, Earl of Derby, who soon afterwards gave it to Gweno, son of Gamel de Alsop, ancestor of Anthony Alsop, esq. who married a daughter of the first Sir John Gell, bart. and died without male issue. The Alsops lived here nineteen or twenty generations : and we believe the male representative of 20 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER the family is now rector of Sheepshead, Leicestershire. In 1688-9 John Borough, esq. of Derby, bought several estates in Alsop, Newton, and Thorpe, of Anthony Alsop ; and Sir P. Gell bought the capital messuage and part of the lands of the said Anthony Alsop in 1691. The Beresfords afterwards held the manor, and from them it passed by a coheiress to the Milwards. It passed by successive sales in 1711, 1753, &c. to Smith of Hopton, Pole of Nottingham, and Beresford of Bas- ford. The late Francis Beresford, esq. of Ashbourn, sold it to Mr. John Brownson of Alsop, who has re-sold it to Walter Evans, esq. of Darley hall. A branch of the Mellor family resided here for several generations, on an estate now the property of the Rev. Charles Stead Hope, of Derby, who married one of the co-heiresses of the late Robert Mellor, esq. Cold Eaton was granted by King John to William de Ferrers, Earl of Derby. After the attainder of his great grandson, it was given to Edmund, Earl of Lan caster, and the Wensleys held it under the earldom and duchy of Lancaster from the beginning of the reign of Edward III. until the latter end of the reign of Edward IV. About the year 1518, it appears to have belonged to the Vernons of Haddon, from whom the greater part descended to the present Duke of Rutland. A fourth part was many years in the Boothby family, and is now the property of Mr. Anthony Beresford of Castern. The ancient church is dedicated to St. Michael, in which there are some good specimens of Norman architecture. The living is a perpetual curacy in the gift of the freeholders, and the Rev. J. E. Carr is the present incumbent. This living has been augmented with £800. from the Royal Bounty. Pedigree of MELLOR, of Alsop-in-the-Dale. Mellor, of Alsop, gent. = Robert Mellor, = Ellen, dau. of Richard Mellor, of = Martha, dau. of Henry Mellor, of Alsop-in-the- I Geo. Buckston, Wirksworth, Geo. Buckston, of Akop-in-the- Dale, gent. of Bradburne, surgeon. sister of Ellen. Dale, gent ; I gent. Will, 13th Oct. f | 1776, and obt. Anne, eldest dau. — Rev. Richard Ward, Ellen, youngest dau. = Rev. Charles Stead before 30th rector of Mickleover, and co-heiress, died Hope, of Derby, living, 1829. 1st Jan. 1816. who has now an and co-heiress, living, 1829. estate at Alsop. Ellen, only child, mar. Rev. German Buckston of Bradburne ; for his issue, see Bradburne. Alton, a small village in the parish of Ashover. ALVASTON, a village, township and parochial chapelry in the deanery of Derby, AiewddeTne, and hundred of Morleston and Litchurch. This village is pleasantly Aiivadeston,' situate on the west bank of the river Derwent, and contains 82 AWoidlston,' houses> 86 families, and 399 inhabitants. Of the 86 families 46 are chiefly employed in agriculture, 28 in trade, manufactures or handicraft, and 12 in professional pursuits or living independent. The London road passes through it. Alvaston and Boulton form one constablewick ; the former consists of 1288 a. 3 r. 22p. of good land, tithe free, and let in small farms, average rent about £2. per acre; the latter 742 a. 3 r. 24 p. of a similar quality. The above land is divided among fifty-nine proprietors, viz. 23 resident and 36 non-resident freeholders. The estima ted annual value of all the land and buildings in both parishes amount to £3648. 5s. 6d. The parochial expenses of the township of Alvaston, taking the average of eight years, are, for the poor, £148. 8s.; county rate, £48. ISs. ; and church rate £37. Ss. per annum. ' There are a Wesleyan Methodist and a Baptist chapel, a Sunday school, supported by voluntary contributions, an endowed parochial day-school, three innkeepers and only one stocking-frame in this township. . ' At the time of the Doomsday Survey the manor of Alvaston, then called Alewoldes- OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 21 tune, was held by Tochi under Geoffrey Alselin, Azelin, or Hanselin. This manor was given by Wulfric Spott to Burton Abbey. It belonged afterwards to Ralph Fitz Germund, the founder of Dale abbey, in this county, whose descendant, Matilda de Salicosa Mare, daughter of William Fitz Ralph, seneschal of Normandy, gave Alwol- destone to that monastery. In the time of Henry II. the Bardolfs were possessed of this manor. William Bardolf held five knights' fees and a half in Egginton, Alwoldeston, Okebroc, Amboldeston and Bolton. One of the Bardolfs married Rose, heiress of Ralph Hanselin of Shelford, a baron, from whom it came in the time of Edward I. to Anker de Frescheville. In 3 Edward III. by an inquisition taken after the death of Thomas Bardolf, it was found that Margaret, the wife of Ralph de Frescheville, and Ralph, the son of Ralph de Lathebury, held of the said Thomas Bardolf two knights' fees in Alwaldeston, Aylwaldeston, Thurleston, Egginton, Ambaldeston, and Boleton, in the county of Derby. In the reign of Richard II. the abbeys of Darley and Dale had considerable estates here and at Boulton. Henry III. in the 36th year of his reign granted to Ralph Frescheville that he and his heirs for ever should have free warren in all his manors, viz. In the manor of Boney, in the county of Nottingham, and Crich, Scardeclive, Alwodeston, Chelardeston, with their appurtenances, in the county of Derby, and Cussewortham, in the county of York. By an inquisition taken at Derby, on the Wednesday next after the feast of St. Wolfred, in 4 Henry V. on the death of Ralph Frescheville, of Staveley, knt. it was found that the said Ralph died seized of divers parcels of lands and tenements lying in Alvaston, Thurleston, and Ambaston, with their appurtenances, and that the said parcels were held of the king in chief, by military tenure, and that the said parcels were worth about 10 marks by the year. In 9 Henry VI. two parts of the manor of Alvaston, which had be longed to Gervase Frescheville, were in the hands of the king, owing to the minor ity of Peter, the son and heir of the said Gervase. About this time Sir William Philips appears to have been possessed of an estate at Alvaston, which came to his grandson, Henry Lord Viscount Beaumont. Ralph and John Franceys, of Stanton by Bridge and Foremark, had an estate at Boulton and Alvaston, as had also the family of the Sacheverells. Queen Mary, in the 1st year of her reign, gave to the bailiff's and burgesses of Derby, amongst others, " One barn, in the possession of Nicholas Fallows, in Alvaston, in the parish of St. Michael, in Derby. All those annual rents and services from lands and tenements in Alvaston aforesaid. All those our lands, messuages and tenements, and all lands, meadows, feedings, pastures, com mons and hereditaments whatsoever, with their appurtenances, in Alvaston aforesaid, in the several tenures of Roger Ward, Robert Wright, and Nicholas Fallows. All tithes and hay arising of and from the meadows, lands, feedings and pastures in Al vaston, in the possession of the said Roger Ward. Also, one tithe bam and tithe of corn, grain and hay in Alvaston and Boulton, in the parish of St. Peter and St. Mi chael, in Derby, late in the possession of Christopher Gyers and William Allestree. Also, one messuage and tenement, lands, meadows, feedings, pastures, &c. in Alvas ton aforesaid, late in the tenure of Thomas Foster." In 1 547, the grange of Alvas ton, which had formerly belonged to Dale abbey, was granted to Henry Needham. William Sacheverell, esq. died seized of it in 1557. It afterwards passed into a branch of the Allestree family, who had a seat here : and from whom it descended to the Boroughs, by reason of the marriage of Mary Allestree with John Tempest Borough, esq. eldest son of Isaac Borough, who was the only son of John Borough. J. T. Bo rough, esq. dying without issue, devised all his estates to his nephew, John Borough, esq. the eldest son of his youngest brother, John Borough, late of Hulland, in this county : by whom it was sold, in 1812, to John Elliott, esq. of Nottingham. It has since been divided into severalties. The Earl of Harrington purchased the manor of Mr. Elliott, and Mr. Josejih Wheeldon the hall and some of the demesne lands. The two townships of Alvaston and Boulton were taxed, in 1712, at £121. is. The chapel is a neat Uttle structure, and formerly belonged to the church of St. Michael, in Derby. It was given by William Fitz Ralph and Robert his son to the abbey of Darley, which gift Ralph de Frescheville confirmed. In the reign of Henry VII. there was a strong contention between the abbot, the vicar of St. Michael, and 22 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER the inhabitants of Alvaston, concerning their respective rights and privileges. At length, growing weary of disputes, they came to a general agreement, that the abbot and convent of the monastery of Darley should have the tithe of hay and corn in the liberty ; that the inhabitants should present a chaplain, and aUow him for his support the lesser tithes and oblations ; and that they should pay three pounds a year to the vicar of St. Michael. They also agreed to attend the parish church of St. Michael once a year, and to be present at the feast of the Relics. The living is a curacy, valued at £4>. 4*. 2d. in the gift of the inhabitants. It has been augmented with £400. from queen Anne's bounty. The Rev. William Spencer, M. A. vicar of Dronfield, is the present incumbent. The impropriation belonged formerly to the corporation of Derby, by some means or other it became alienated to the AUestrees, and passed with the manor, &c. to John Borough, esq. to whom an allotment was gi&en in lieu of tithes, at the time of the enclosure in 1802. Arms and Inscriptions in the Chapel. In the chancel, on a mural monument; — "Sacred to the memory of John Tempest Borrow, esq. who de parted this life the 28th April, 1781, aged 78. Having no issue, he devised all his estates to his nephew, John Borrow, eldest son of his younger brother, John Bor row, late of Hulland, in this county, esq. by whom this monument is gratefully erected."' ARMS. Azure, on a mount in base, the trunk of an oak tree, couped, sprouting out two branches, Proper, with the shield of Pallas Or, fastened thereon by a belt, Gules. CREST. An Eagle regardant, with wings ex panded, standing on a mount, Proper, sup porting with his dexter foot the Uke shield as iu the arms. MOT TO. Virtute et robore. On another— To the memory of Thomas Allestree, eldest son of Thomas Allestree, who was the eldest son of William Allestree, recorder of the town of Derby, esq. whose family have for many generations lived in this town of Alvaston. But the above mentioned Thomas dying without issue on the 18th March, 1740, his estates descended to his niece, Mary Allestree, who afterwards intermarried with John Tempest Borrow, eldest son of Isaac Borough, who was the only son of John Borough. ARMS. Azure, a chief Gules, over all a bend, Azure, charged with three escutcheons, Gules, chiefs Or, with martlet for difference. Charities. Three cottages, built on a niece of ground formerly in the occupation of John Massey, at the expense of £100. and now occupied by poor people rent free. A close, called the Church close, containing about 6 acres, and also a close, called Gilbert's close, contain ing about the same quantity, are let to five labouring men at £8. each per annum, as yearly tenants, making £40. in the whole. The remaining three fourth parts of a field, forming the residue of the allotment in the Great Meadow, is occupied by four labouring men of the parish, who are thus enabled to keep a cow at £2. 5s. each per annum* The house, purchased for £120. is occupied by Mr. William Hanson, schoolmaster, at the rent of £4. per annum. Two school-rooms, built at the expense of £100. and upwards. All the buildings on the property are repaired out of the funds of the charity. The following yearly payments are made : £. s, d. To the vicar of St. Michael, for the purpo ses mentioned in the Inquisition of Charles I. 3 To the Derby Infirmary, for the benefit of the poor of the parish 2 To the trustee, who acts as treasurer, for keeping the accounts .-... 0 10 € There is also distributed to the poor at Christmas, Herbert Robert I Rent charge | 0 8 0 I Poor. Robinson William | Rent charge | 0 4 0 | Poor. By an inquisition taken at Derby, before Commis sioners of Charitable Uses, on 6th April. 12 Charles I. it was found that there was a cottage, with a little pin- gle, abutting upon a place called Longtane, in Alvas ton, in the possession of William Feasant; and two closes in Alvaston, one called the Gilbert close, and the other the Church close, lying beyond the river Derwent; and one acre of arable land lying upon a furlong called Moore furlong, in Alvaston ; and 1 a. 3 r. of meadow, called Parker's nook ; and the moiety of a parcel of meadow, called the Harp, which were given by one Gilbert, and other well-disposed people, for the repairs of the church and chancel of the church of Alvaston, and for thedischargeof the yearly sum of £3. paid by the churchwardens of Alvaston on behalf of the inhabitants of that town ; to the vicar of St. Michael, Derby, in discharge of the like sum of £3. which, time out of mind, the inhabitants of Alvaston had paid in lieu of all dutiesfrom them payable to the vicar of St. Michael, and for discharging the said in habitants from fifteenths, and for relief of the poor of Alvaston, and that the same had, during the memory of man, been disposed by the churchwardens of the said town of Alvaston for such charitable uses. The trust property consists of A cottage and garden containing less than half an acre, and a field of about 2 acres, part of the allot ment: of the Great Meadow, mentioned in the trust deed of 1810, and a fourth part of another field, also part of that allotment, let for £8. per annum. Alvaston hall, the ancient seat of the AUestrees^ has been much improved by Mr. Wheeldon, who has made it a delightful country residence. AMBASTON, a small village on the west bank ofthe Derwent, in the parish of Emboidestune, Elvaston. It is the property of the Earl of Harrington. The ford across the Derwent at this place is much neglected, and several accidents have occurred. Ankerbold, a small village in the parish of North Winfield. Apperknowl, a small village in the parish of Dronfield. o o 2 o OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 23 APPLEBY, GREAT, a rural village 5 m. S. W. from Ashby-de-la-Zouch, 19 m. Apiebi, Appieberie, g. w. of De»by, and 113 m. from London, is in the hun dred of Repton and Gresley, Derbyshire, and Sparkenhoe, in Leicestershire, and deanery of Repton. That part of the township belonging to the county of Derby, contained, in 1821, 115 houses, 117 families, and 596 inhabitants. In 1801, the number of persons was 457, in 1811, 550. Of the 117 families 77 are chiefly em ployed in agriculture, 30 in trade, and 10 in professional pursuits or independent. The whole township, including Little Appleby, contains 363 houses, 1781 inhabi tants, and 2900 acres of excellent land, chiefly clay and red marl ; and the river Mease divides it from Measham. The principal landed proprietors are George Moore, esq. and the trustees of Bosworth school ; the latter are lords of the manor of Great Appleby. The estimated annual value of the land and buildings of the Derby shire part is £2112. 10s. Little and Great Appleby are two distinct manors, and are in the honour of Tutbury. The common fields were enclosed in 1771. The village is seated in a fine open country, well covered with edge-row timber ; the modern houses are chiefly of red brick, and the more ancient are half timbered with pointed gables. They are so intermingled in the two counties, that the inhabitants themselves scarcely know in which county they live. The average amount of the poor rate, county rate, &c. is about £441. per annum for the last seven years. There is a capital free grammar school, endowed by Sir John Moore, knt. (who was Lord Mayor of London) a Particular and a General Baptist chapel, a building which is generally termed a round-house, though built in an octagon form, and three public houses in this village. It is governed by a constable. In Apiebi the abbot of Burton had Jive carucates of land to be taxed. Land to Jive ploughs. Leuric, the abbot, made over one carucate of this land to countess Govida, which the king now has. In the same place two ploughs, eight villanes, and one bor- dar, with one plough, are now in the demesne, and there were eight acres of meadow. Value, in king Edward's time, 20s. now 60s. D. B. 297. In 1240, William Appleby held a quarter of a fee under the Earl Ferrers. In 1311, and in 1323, John Hastings, Lord of Abergavenny, held a quarter of a fee. In 1347 William, and in 1364 Robert de Herle, held lands. In 1376 John Hastings, Earl of Pembroke, held a quarter of a fee. In 1436 Richard Hastings held one messuage and two virgates, under Reginald Grey, lord of Ruthen. At the dissolution the lands of Burton abbey came to one Brereton, of Cheshire. In 1604 the manor was purchased by Sir Wolstan Dixie, knt. who gave it to the Trustees of the Free Grammar School, at Market Bosworth, founded by his great uncle, Sir Wolstan Dixie, and the trustees of that charity are still the lords thereof. This manor was anciently the inheritance and chief seat of that worthy family of Appleby, who bore " A. six martlets O. 3, 2, 1." Of whom many He entombed in the church here. Though many of note have descended out of this house, yet most eminent was that renowned soldier, Sir Edmund de Appleby, knt. who served at the battle of Cressy, 20 Edward III. where he took Monsieur Robert du Mailarte (a no bleman of France) prisoner. After, in 8 Richard IL he went into France with John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster, to treat of a peace between both kingdoms. And lastly, 9 Richard II. he accompanied the said Duke and Lady Constance, his wife, daughter and co-heir of Peter, king of Castile, in his voyage thither ; who then went over with a great power, to invest himself in the said kingdom, which, by descent, belonged to his wife, and was then usurped by Henry, base brother to Peter. Another of this family, lineally descended from this Sir Edmund, was George Appleby, slain in de fence of the Isle of Inkippe, near Scotland, after Musselborough field, 1 Edward IV. whose widow, Joyce, daughter of Thomas Curzon, of Croxhall, in the county of Derby, after married to one Thomas Lewis, of Mancester, in Warwickshire, was burnt at Coventry, 1557, for her religion ; of whom Mr. Fox has written in his book of the Acts and Monuments of the Martyrs. .24 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER Pedigree of the APPLEBYS. Walleran de Appleby had issue Robert de Apple- of Sir Thomas de Astley, of Nelston, co. Leicester, by, 1181, 28 Henry II. who had issue William de knt. who had issue Thomas de Appleby, who had issue Appleby, 26 Henry III. who had issue Henry de Ap- Kichard Appleby, who died 1527, leaving issue (by pleby, knt. 31, 48 Henry III. who had issue Edmund Elizabeth, daughter of Robert Langham, of Goppe- de Appleby, knt. 51 Henry III. who had issue Wil- ahull, co. Leicester) George, slain in Scotland, I Ed- liam de Appleby, who had issue John de Appleby, ward VI. who married Joice, daughter1 of Thomas 4— 27 Edward III. whohadissue Edmund de Appleby, Curson, of Croxhall, burnt for religion, 1557, by whom knt. 44 Edward 111.2 Richard II. who had issue John be left issue Kichard Appleby, married to daugh- cle Appleby, who died 10 Richard II. leaving Thomas terof Fisher, and had issue Francis Appleby, who de Appleby, 8 Henry V. married to Johan, daughter died about 1650, without issue. This ancient family had their seat a little to the east of the church, of which suffi cient remains are still visible to show what it has been, a strong, though not large mansion of defence, built of massy stone, and entirely surrounded by a moat, with no other entrance than that of a draw-bridge. The front wall is still pretty perfect in its original state ; some carved work, but no arms, though a few plain escutcheons may be seen. It has for a considerable time belonged to Bosworth school, and is now inhabited by a farmer. The church is a handsome gothic structure, with a square tower terminated by a beautiful spire, dedicated to St. Michael. It is now (1829) undergoing a thorough repair, which, according to the estimate, will cost considerably more than £2,000. independent of the chancel, which is repaired at the expense of the rector. The ad vowson of the church was given by Richard Fitz Roger to Latham priory, Lanca shire, where he founded a cell to Durham. In 1286 a jury found that the presenta tion to the church belonged to Latham priory, and not to William Vernon. In 1291 Burton abbey had a pension of Is. from the church. In 1362 Durham priory had license to appropriate the church, the advowson of which belonged to it. In 1660 William Mould purchased the advowson, and by regular descent it came to Eliza beth, wife of Edward Dawson, ancestor to Edward Dawson, esq. of Long Whatton, the present patron, who has sold the next presentation to the Guardians of Mr. Moore. In 1535 a pension was paid of 13s. id. to Latham priory, and £2. to the rector of Seale, and the rectory was valued at £20. 9s. 3d. There are 423 acres of glebe land; and the present value of the living about £1000. per annum. The present rector is the Rev. Thomas Jones. Arms and Inscriptions in the Church. In Burton's time, the following arms, &c. were in There lieth near adjoining a flat stone, whereon is the church : graven the coat of Appleby and Langham, with this In the south window of the chancel, and north win- circumscription: dows of the church. Hie jacet corpus, Ricardi Appleby Armigeri et Azure, 6 martlets. Or, 3, 2, 1. Appleby. Elizabetha uxoris ejus, fllia; Roberti Lang- In the north-east window. ham de Goppeshull Armigeri, qui Ricardus The pictures of Sir Edmund Appleby and his wife, obiit, 1527. Cujus animie propitietur Deus. kneeling, on whose surcotes the armes of Appleby. Amen. In the south-east window. There are many other flat stones in the north chapel, Argent, seme dc cross crosslets, (itchy, three without scutcheon or inscription, defaced by time. fleurs de lis, Sable. Bereford. Scarce any remains of arms are now visible in the Gules, three hons, passant gardant. Or. Eng- windows except those of Appleby, and the fine old land. altar-tomb and effigies are much defaced. 1 he same, with a label of France. Lancaster. The following inscriptions we find here since Bur- Azure, 6 Martlets, Or, 3, 2, 1. Appleby. ton's time. Azure" 6 mZh^T 3 '* T Sekv °n a mural tablet over the doOT in <*"> chancel. Before- Burton's toe, wtc'the^Jl owtag : 2°™ feSS1*^ ^hfieldi* et Or, three chevrons, Gules. Clare. B lWmiSavI?2fi to *'?* T0* ¦ Argent, a cross, Guies. Vere. I rausmigravit 26 to die Septembr.s. Nebuli, Or, mi Sable. Blunt. , Anno Dom. 1648. Argent, three bears' heads erased, Sable, muzzled, OfUoSoj pa /xet' tuS Or. Langham. Dignus hie luce diuturniore Under an arch, by the side of the chancel, standeth Nisi quod luce meliore diguus a fair raised tomb of Sir Edmund de Appleby and his Behold my thread is cutt, my elasse is runne lady whereon lie both their proportions neatly cut And yet I live, and yet my life s done in alabaster; he lieth in armour, at his feet a lion, On another mural tahlit »hL£!J?;,. under his head an helmet whereon is his crest, viz. : Sacred ?c "the t™ 5 SXHmSL Mould, wlereof i a martlet sheaf ^ °B "" '°P ft *i T"* Vl *^ of tWs ^T^™Sw wnereot is a martlet s head. Elizabeth, sole daughter and heir of Ralph Roper of OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 25 Atherstone, in the county of Warwick, gent, and died sonsandtwodaughtors. Edward Dawson, heryounger thelstdayof March, 1683, in the 70th year of his age, son, as a token of his duty, great affection and grati- and was buried in the chancel : he had issue by the tude, hath caused this monument to be erected to her said Elizabeth, 4 sons and o daughters, (viz.) .Thomas, memory. Isaac, Joseph and Daniel, Elizabeth, Mary, who died Above is a hatchment, with these arms : issueless, and Anna, wife of John Wilde, late of this Azure, on abend, engrailed, Argent, two martlets, town, gent, deceased, by whom she left Elizabeth, Sable. Over all, a scutcheon of pretence. only surviving child, wedded unto Edward Dawson, (Argent, achevron, engrailed, Sable, spot- ot Long Whatton, esq whose issue are 2 sons and 2 i ted ermine, on a chief Sable, daughters (viz.) Atkins, Edward, Mary and Elizabeth. Quarterly J three martlets —Edward Dawson, their younger son, from the great 1 And, Argent, two bars, Sable, three be- love and affection he beareth to his mother and her ! zants in chief. ancestors, hath caused this monument to be erected. MOTTO. Tendimus ad terram. ARMS. Argent, two bars, Sable, three bezants in On a mural monument of marble, in the south aisle, enief. is jijjg inscription : CREST. An arm erect. In a vault underneath lies interred the body of MOTTO. Tendimus ad terram. George Moore, esq. of an ancient family in this parish, There are two other flat stones in the chancel, to greatly esteemed for many excellent virtues, of which the memory of Joseph and Daniel Mould, 1733, 1735, the love of his country and benevolence to the poor aged 71 and 78, &c. were not the least. He died the 13th day of July, On another handsome mural monument in the 1751, in the 63rd year of his age. Charles Moore, of chancel : the middle temple, London, esq. and the Rev. Thomas Near this place are deposited the remains of Eliza- Moore, M. A. his nephews and .executors, erected this beth, wife of Edward Dawson, esq. the onlysurviving monument to his memory. child of John Wilde, gent, by Anna, youngest daugh- On a hatchment above are these arms : ter of the Rev. Abraham Mould. She, as niece and Ermine, three greyhounds, Sable, with collars, heir at law to Thomas Mould, Isaac, Joseph, Daniel, Gules, on a canton, Gules, a lion passant Elizabeth and Mary, was possessed in fee of the pa- gardant, Or. Moore. tronage and advowson of this church ; together with '" On a tablet, against a pillar: divers freeholds, lands and tenements, in thecounties In memory of the Rev. James Gresley, who died of Leicester, Derby, Stafford and Warwick. With October 23, 1748, aged 30 years. Also in memory of these and other accessions of wealth, she was not high Ann, wife of the above James Gresley, and daughter minded, but preserved great humility in her state of of Richard and Rebecca Farmer, gent, of Witherley. life. She was a woman of unaffected piety, strict She died November 15, 1766, aged 57. probity and great affability, an indulgent parent, a Underneath are these arms : sincere friend, a tender mistress. She spent her life Gresley impaling, quarterly, 1 and 4. Sable, be in constant expectation of death, and died in the most tween three acorns ; a chevron Argent, charged easy and composed manner, on Sunday, the 9th of with a leopard's head, Gules, between two es- June, 1764, in the 75th year of her age, leaving two toils, leopards; 2 and 3. Moore. APPLEBY, LITTLE, Is a hamlet to the parish of Great Appleby, in the hun- , Appiebie Parva, dred of Repton and Gresley, 118 m. from London, con taining about 99 houses, and 495 inhabitants. It is a pleasant village, situate partly in Derbyshire, and partly in Leicestershire. Appleby Parva anciently belonged to the Vernons, whose chief seat was at Haddon, in Derbyshire. Vernon bare " Argent, fretty Sable, a canton Gules." In Little Applebi Robert held under Henry de Ferrers, one carucate, three socmen had two ploughs and three acres of meadow at the conquest. It appears by an old deed that Robert de Stokport gave this manor, with the ad vowson of the church of Great Appleby, to William de Vemon and his heirs, about the reign of king John, yielding yearly to him and his heirs a sparrow-hawk, or twelve pence, at the feast-day of St. Peter ad vincula. In 1322 Richard Vernon, and Matilda, his wife, held the manor as of the honour of Tutbury, and in 1328 he had a grant of free warren here. In 3 Henry IV, Juliana Vernon was seized of the manor. The following documents are copied from ancient Charters, and from the Court Rolls, in the possession of Mr. Dewe, solicitor, Ashby-de-la-Zouch. KNOW all present and to come, that I, William de mee and my heires, free and quiet; rendering there- Vemon, have granted, and by this present Charter fore annually, by him and his heires, to mee and my have confirmed, to William, the sonne of Robert de heires, two markes of silver, at the nativitie of St. Appulbie, all the land of Appulbie, with the appur- John Baptist, for all services : and that this may ob- tenances and with the fifth part of the advowson, tain full strength, I have corroborated this Charter, which he had of the gift of Lord William de Mullam with the putting to my seale this testibus,.&c. and Amacie his wife, tarn in hirbus quam in domi- N. B. There is no date to this deed. nices ; to have and to hold, to him and his heires, of " We find that the manor of Little Appleby is a very ancient manor, which hath court-leet and court-baron belonging to it ; and that in the time of Edward the IHrd, after the Conquest, Richard de Vernon, knt. was lord of the said manor, as appears not only by accounts of the bailifF of the said manor, but also by two instruments in parchment in old French, under the seal of Maud, wife of Richard de Vernon the younger. The purport whereof are as follows : 26 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER "To all to whom these letters shall come, Maud, aforesaid fiftie shillings, 1 [ willacquitthirn of theother who was the wife of Richard de Vernon the younger, fiftie shillings of the sai ter ™;!>™. sendeth greeting. In the Lord God. Know ye, that have received fiftie shillings of the said Sir Richard whereas Monsieur Richard de Vernon, knt.' by his at the terme of the nativity of our Lord, ¦ ™ »e flrrt writing hath secured unto me an annuity of £10. to year of the re.gne of king Edward the Third, after take out of his manor of Little Applebie, in the coun- the Conquest, and do acqu tt him of the 100,. : for the tie of Leicester, during his life, at four terms of the terme aforesaid. In witness whereof, to this lelter of yeare, by equal portions : that is to say, at each term acquittance I have put my seale :; given at . Ha 1 eston, one hundred shillings ; and 1 have granted unto him, on Monday, the morrow of St. Nicholas, in the yeare by my writing, that if hee pay mee at each ofthe termes aforesaid. "Another, of the same purport, for Michaelmas quarter, in the second yeare of the said king Edward the Third." The last heir male of the noble house of Haddon, was Sir George Vernon, knt. who, about 9 Elizabeth, died seized of thirty manors, leaving issue by Mary his wife, daughter of Sir Gilbert Talbot, knt. two daughters co-heiresses : Dorothy, married to Sir John Manners, knt. younger son of Thomas Manners, first Earl of Rutland, who with her had the manor of Haddon, and divers others. The other, Margaret, married Sir Thomas Stanley, knt. younger son of Edward Stanley, Earl of Derby, by whom she had issue, Sir Edward Stanley, knt. who alienated this manor. It appears by a deed of partition between them, dated 3rd January, 10 Elizabeth; and where they are thrice described as follows : " Sir Thomas Stanley, of Winwich, in the county of Lancaster, knt. and Dame Margaret, his wife, one of the daughters and co-heirs of Sir George Vernon, late of Haddon, in the county of Derby, knt. on the one part, and John Manners, of Weaver- ton, in the county of Nottingham, esq. who married the other daughter and co-heir of the said Sir George Vernon, on the other part ; by this deed the manor of Little Appleby was allotted (with other estates) to Sir Thomas Stanley. In 1630, it was purchased of Sir Edward Griffin, knt. by Charles Moore, esq. in whose family it has ever since remained. The following additions we have from the collections of William Woolley, esq. written about the year 1714. " The tenth of Elizabeth John Taylor, gent, died and left an estate here to his daughter Maud, who died 14 Elizabeth, and John Taylor, the son of Richard, the son of Henry, the father of John, the father of the said Maud, inherited the same ; and 40 Elizabeth, Humphrey Dethick, esq. of Newhall, died and left an estate here to his daughter Catherine, wife of Alexander Redick, esq. 43 Elizabeth John Rotheram, esq. one of the six clerks in Chancery, died possest of an estate here, which he left to William, son and heir of Gilbert Willoughby, son and heir of Margaret, sister and heir of the said John. " This town has been eminent for being the birth-place of Sir John Moore, knt. who being of mean parentage, raised himself a very great estate by merchandise, first in lead, and afterwards in the East India trade, whereby he became Lord Mayor of London, and was long president of Christ church, or the Blue-coat hospital, in London, to wliich he was a great benefactor, particularly in building and endowing the writing and mathe matical schools there, in which he bestowed above £6,000. and built and endowed a very fine free-school in this town, on which he bestowed above £5,000. ; and after dying at a good old age, above 80, he left an estate of about £80,000. a large part to his nephew, John Moore, esq. but withal gave very great legacies to his other nephews and nieces, which have made many families considerable which were not so before, and left as good a name behind him, for honour and sobriety, as most of his contempora ries ; only he was overawed at the latter end of king Charles the Second's reign, when he was Lord Mayor of London, to give up the City's charter, which was looked upon rather as the effect of his want of courage, than of justice and integrity ; though per haps a man of far greater courage and resolution, in those trying times, might have been forced to have done the same. I believe all he got by it was a canton of the arms of England in his coat, which was " O. three Moor-hens, S". Mr. Woolley's blazonry of Sir John Moore's arms, as above, is incorrect ; the arms borne by the present Moores being as stated at the head of the Pedigree. The school is a very handsome brick building, with two similar fronts ; the one wliich faces the street or road, is enclosed in a very spacious grass area that affords sufficient air and exercise to the boys. The school-TOom is a noble size. At the m rt H a p* o O oa EH o Pedigree of MOORES, Lor* 0/ Appleby Parva. ARMS. Ermine, three Greyhounds courant, in pale, Saife, collared. Gules, in a canton of the last, a Lion passant gardant, Or. CREST. A Moor-cock, ermines, with wings displayed, holding a heath-stalk in his bill. Charles Moore, purchaser of Appleby Parva, died 1654. Charles Moore, Lord of Appleby Parva, obt, 1700. Rebecca, dau. of Thomas Mould, rector of Appleby. Sir John, Alder man and Lord Mayor, obt. 1702, without issue. George Moore. George >aied Joan -¦ Sarah /infants. Thomas Sherwood = John Wilde. Thomas Moore, Lord of Appleby Parva, obt. 1725. Charles, died young. George Moore, sheriff of Leices tershire, and Lord of Appleby, died unmar. 1751. onn = Mary, dau. of Thomas Heafield. John, of London. Charles, rector of Worplesden, Surrey. George, 06 London. Rebecca, mar. Thomas Dilly. Mary, mar. Samuel Short, of London. Daniel. Jonathan. Moore, died 1756. Sarah, dau. of Peter Wright. Elizabeth, dau. of Matthew White. I John Moore, died without issue. Charles Moore, LL. D. F. R. and A.S.S. Lord of Little Appleby, died 1775, without issue. Sarah, died unmar. Rev. Thomas Moore, M. A. Lord of the Manors of Appleby and Bentley, died 1793, unmarried. Thomas Moore. Lord of the Manor of Bent ley, died 1762 : re sided at Little Ap pleby, styled gent. = Catherine, dau. I of George Gell [rector of Appleby and Thurning, co. Huntingdon.] Sarah, mar. John Wilde. Mary. Mary, mar. Joseph Mould, of Appleby. Katherine. Rebecca, mar. Richard Farmer. Elizabeth, mar, Thomas Farmer, Elizabeth, died unmar. George Moore, Lord = Elizabeth, of the Manor of Appleby Parva, and sheriff for Lei- " cestershire, died 11th June, 1817. dau. and heiress of WilliamDarher. Rev. John Moore, Lord ofthe Manor of Bentley, died without issue sur viving heir. Catherine, Mary, died young. Susan, dau. = George Moore, of Snarestone Lodge, Leicestershire, esq. Lord of the of John Drum- moncl. esq. of Migginch Castle, Perthshire, Scot land. Manors of Appleby Parva and Bentley, high-sheriff for Leicester shire 1821, died 1827. ; Elizabeth, dau. of Francis Hurt, esq. (living.) John. Charles Moore, esq. barrister at law, Midland circuit, dead, unmarried. Catherine. Elizabeth. Mary. George Moore, born Sept. 17th, 1811. Susan Drummoiid Moore, born 2nd April, 1813. 28 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER upper- end of it, in the wall, is represented in full proportion, the figure of the founder, in his official robes, with the mace and sword in either hand : underneath which is the following inscription, illustrative of the charity : " To the memory of Sir John Moore, knight, and alderman of the city of London, who erected this school Anno Domini 1697, and endowed the same for the education of the male children of the parishes and towns of Appleby, Norton, Austery, Newton- in-the- Thistles, Stretton-in-the- Fields, Mesham, Snarston, and Chilcot. And hy the statutes made A. D. 1706, it was made free for all England." The right wing and rooms over the school are occupied by the head-master and his boarders ; the left, by the second master. It was erected by Sir Christopher Wren, and is altogether a very suitable edifice, and may serve as a model for others. At the back front, where before were also cloysters, has been added, within these twenty years, a large and comfortable dining or sitting-room, for the use of the boys, more particularly in winter, where recreation or study may be carried on in a more advan tageous and agreeable manner. For let the " Laudatores temporis acti" say what they will of hardiness and capability of enduring the inclemencies of the weather, cer tainly such a necessary indulgence, as that above mentioned, is conducive, especially in these days, both to the health of the body and the improvement of the mind. Genius will not endure the hardships of freezing, however insensible Dullness may be to it. This, like all other similar foundations, is under the direction of Governors or Trustees, who meet here annually at the audit to settle business, and dine together. The following are the Trustees, fyc. of the School. Rev. "William Gresley, rector of Seal. The Right Hon. Earl Howe. Thomas Moore, esq. John Bpultbee, esq. Sir Francis Burdett, bart. M. P. Sir Charles Abney Hastings, bart. M. P. D. S. Dugdale, esq. M. P. The rector of the parish ex officio. C. E. Repington, esq. Sir William Cave Browne-Cave, bart. The present rector is the Rev. Thomas Jones. W. P. Inge, esq. The head master is the Rev. Geo. Wood Lloyd, D. D. John Moore, esq. The second master is the Rev. William Homer, M. A. S. F. S. Parkins, esq. barrister. The writing master is Edwin Hague. The present revenue of this excellent establishment is about £900. per annum, arising from 228 acres of land, at Upton, in Sibson parish, &c. The family of Moore has been in possession of the manor of Little Appleby for two centuries. Sir John Moore, the son of Charles Moore, gent, (who was a considerable merchant in connexion with the mineral districts of the county) became Alderman and Lord Mayor of London, and died in the year 1702. He was the founder and builder of the free grammar school at Appleby, and died without issue, immensely rich. Among the other distinguished persons of this family, we may remark that three of the name of George have been high sheriffs for the county of Leicester. ARLESTON and SINFIN, a small village and liberty in the parish of Barrow, Eriestone, Sedenefeid, and hundred of Appletree, contains 11 houses, 11 families and 74 inhabitants, who are chiefly employed in agriculture. This liberty is entirely the property of Sir George Crewe, bart. and contains 810 acres of land. The average rental is about 27*. per acre. The amount of the poor rates last year was about £44. 2s. l\d. ; county rate, £54. The roads in this township are all occupa tion roads. The estimated annual value of the lands, messuages, &c. in this hberty is £1133. 5s. This village is governed by a constable. In Eriestone, Colegrini and Ravenchil had one carucate of land to be taxed. Land to one plough. There are now in the demesne two ploughs, and seven villanes with one plough. There are twenty acres of meadow, value in king Edward's time 20s. now 40*. D. B. 311. In Sedenefeid, 'Ulchel had two carucates of land to be taxed. Land to one plough. There is now in the demesne one plough, and two villanes have one plough and six acres of meadow, value in king Edward's time and now 10s. William holds-it. D. B. 311. The manor of Arleston was conveyed, in the year 1426, by Thomas Bradshaw and Agnes, the wife of Robert del Stoke, to John Bothe, whose descendant, William OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 29 Bothe, esq. died, seized of it in 1519. It afterwards was the property of the Blounts ; Sir Henry Blount sold it, in 1640, to Sir John Harpur, ancestor of Sir George Crewe, bart. the present proprietor. The manor of Sinfen or Sinfin belonged, in the reign of Edward I. Edward III. and 17 Richard II. to the family of Towke, who were succeeded by the Bothes. It is probable that the Towkes possessed Arleston also, as both estates passed from the Bothes to the Blounts. Sir George Crewe, bart. is the present proprietor. Sinfin Moor, containing 894 acres, was enclosed by Act of Parliament in 1802, and allotted amongst the adjoining townships of Sinfin, Barrow, Alvaston, Osmaston, Boulton, Normanton, Chellaston and Swarkstone. In 1827 another Act of Parlia ment was obtained to drain it. The Derby races were formerly held upon this large common. ASH, a small rural village, 1 m. West of Etwall and 1 m. S. of Trusley, in the Eisse, parish of Sutton-on-the-Hill, and hundred of Appletree, consists of a tolera bly good old hall and 5 or 6 farm-houses, pleasantly situate on a rising ground, and surrounded by good land. In Eisse Ulchel, Auic and Hacon had sixteen ox-gangs of land to be taxed. Land to two ploughs. There are now two ploughs in the demesne, and seven villanes having one plough. There are eighteen acres of meadow, value in king Edward's time 40s. now 30s. Robert holds it. D. B. 304. , The manor of Ash, containing upwards of 800 acres of land, was given by William the Conqueror to Henry de Ferrers. In 25 Edward I. Ralph de Bakepuze held it under Ralph de Rochford, who held it under the Earl of Lancaster in 1296. In the reign of Richard II. it appears to have been in the Mackworth family. In 18 Henry VII. John Fitzherbert died and left this lordship to his son Eustace, whose son John died 38 Henry VIII. and left it to his daughter Elizabeth, the wife of Sir Nicholas Draycott, of Paynsley in Staffordshire. In 11 Henry VII. William Bothe of Arles ton died, and left an estate here to his grandson John, which came to Nicholas Fitz herbert, who married Alice, daughter of Henry Bothe of Arleston. In the reign of James I. Gervase Sleigh, esq. purchased it, and left it to his son, Sir Samuel Sleigh, who left it to his daughter and co-heir Margaret, who married to James Chetham, of Turton tower, Lancashire, esq. ; his son Samuel succeeded to the estate, but dying without issue, it passed to Rowland Cotton, esq. of Bellaport in Shropshire, who had married the other co-heiress. It remained in this family until the death of William Cotton, esq. in 1825, when it passed to the Rev. Richard Rowland Ward, vicar of St. Peter's, Derby, and Sutton on the Hill, the present proprietor. ASHBOURN is a neat market town, township and parish in the hundred of Essebume, Wirksworth, and may, in point of importance, be ranked immedi- Ashbome! ately after the two corporate towns of the county. It gives its name Ashbourne, to the deanery of Ashbourn, and is situated 9 m. W. of Wirks worth, 12 m. S. W. of Matlock, 20 m. S. of Buxton, 16 m. S. E. of Leek, 12 m. S. E. of Uttoxeter, 18 m. S. W. of Bakewell, 13 m. N. W. of Derby, 47 m. S. E. of Manchester, and 139 m. N. W. by N. from London. — The Manchester mail, with several stage coaches from London to the northern counties and Scotland, pass through this town daily. The town is situate in a deep valley, through which runs a small river, called the Schoo or Henmore, and to the inhabitants more generally known by the name of the Compton-brook. This stream falls into the Dove at Hanging-bridge. The southern part of the town is denominated Compton (ancient ly Campdene) and the northern portion is situated on elevated ground which is con nected with the hills of Dove-dale. The entrance into Ashbourn, from Derby, de scends rapidly, and presents an interesting view of the town and the romantic country around it. The steep ridge to the north, covered with houses, appears embosomed in wood ; and in the distance is seen Thorpe Cloud and many of the most striking ob jects that enrich the valley of the Dove. The houses are built chiefly with red brick, and are well sheltered from the boisterous winds ; and the whole grouping conveys a pleasing idea of security and social happiness. — The parish of Ashbourn consists of the vicarage, one chapeh-y, two townships and three liberties or hamlets in the neigh- 30 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER bouring hundreds, according to the following enumeration, which comprises the re turns of the number of inhabitants in 1801, 1811 and 1821, with the estimated an nual rental of the lands and buildings, and the acreage of each township. ASHBOURN PARISH. Ashbourn parish Broadlow-Ash ; Clifton and Compton township Hulland chapelry and township Newton Grange liberty Offcote and Underwood liberty Sturston hamlet Yeldersleyand Painter's Lane hamlet. POPULATION. 1801. Persons. 1811. Persons 627146 9 220 3C0 187 663 214 15 257 387210 1821. Houses. Families. Persons. 2188 457152 49 4 58 123 50 873 152 49 4 63 123 40 768 221 38 311561 912 | 4319 Acreage. 55 405 1002 909737 1809 925 1456 7298 Estimated Annual Rental. 2928 18 1162 19 1340 13 5756 16 2773 10 2085 15 20.681 8 0 Of the 481 families in the township of Ashbourn, 23 are employed in agriculture, 370 in trade or handicraft, and the remaining 88 are engaged in professional pursuits or hve independent. Many females are employed in figuring lace, and a few at the Hanging-bridge cotton mills. The town is chiefly supported by being a great thorough fare, and having numerous fairs and good markets. The market-day is on Saturday, and the fairs are held the first Tuesday in Jan. the 13th of Feb. the second Tues day in March, the 3rd of April, the last Thursday in April, the 21st of May, the 15th of July, the 16th of August, the third Tuesday in September, the 20th of Oc tober and the 29th of November. The February fair begins two days before that date and the October three days before. These are noted fairs for the sale of horses. Those of April and May are more particularly for the sale of milch cows, for which they are in great repute. Wool is sold at the July fair, which is the smallest in the year. The August and November fairs are chiefly for the sale of fat cattle. The March and September fairs are for the sale of cheese ; the day preceding each there is a fair for horned cattle, sheep, horses, pigs, &c. We have not met with any charter for the market on record ; it certainly existed before 1296, and was then held, as it still continues to be, on Saturday ; there were then two fairs, each held for three days, at the festivals of St. Oswald and St. John the Baptist. Five fairs are enumerated in the charter of Charles the First. Long before the reign of Edward VI. Ashbourn was a royal burgh,* when it ap- * By an ancient document, of which the following is a translation, Ashbourn appears to have been a Royal Borough at a very remote period. In the ith year of Edward I — They declare that the masters of the hospital of St. Jolin de Yeveley have tenants under them, from the other side of the water of Esseburne, called Scolebrook, in the wapentake of Lutchyrch, who sell bread and ale contrary to the assize, and that the said masters receive the bread and ale so sold unjustly, to the great prejudice and injury of the freemen and the burg of Esseburne, and they know not by what warrant. They also declare that the said masters of the hospital appropriate to themselves, and seduce persons from the royal burg of Esseburne to be tenants under themselves and under their protection, whence the lord the king loses toll and passage-fees from tenants of this kind. And also the masters have made for themselves a new stamp and stamp gallon and bushel-measures, without such warrant as the inhabitants of the borough have been accustomed to. And the said masters have an oven for making saleable bread, to the grievous loss of the aforesaid royal borough of Esseburne. Also they declare, that from that side of the afore said water there is a certain township called Campeden-strete, in the Hundred of Appletree, and ought to be, as it were, a country village; and that men remain in the said township and sell bread and ale contrary to the as size and without warrant. And that they put the said bread for sale into their windows, and they use the afore said stamp for bread, for bottles and for bushels, without warrant, to the great loss of our said lord the king. They also declare that Robert de Mapleton has an oven, in that part in Campeden-strete, and that he had. spoken with a certain Robert of Esseburne, who then possessed the said village, concerning a firm agreement, and he conceded to the said Robert of Esseburne, that for the space of one year he might make bread for sale in the aforesaid oven, whence on account of that oven and the oven of the aforenamed masters ofthe hospital, the said borough of the lord the king was greatly injured and aggrieved. And that Thomas, the son and heir of the said Robert de Mapleton, holds the said oven for a yearly sum of money, which said sum of money ought to be paid yearly to our lord the king, on accoun t of an agreement sanctioned between Robert, Earl Ferrers and Henry de Esseburne. -And this agreement bears date in the reign of the late lord king Henry, and runs thus — " Of those who possess liberties granted them by our lord the king, &c." — They also declare that Thomas de Ma pleton, Richard Hervi, Nicholas de Mercinton and Henry of Esseburne, clerk, do not rightfully exercise the free dom of the town of Esseburne, as they ought to do, for that they fine the bakers and the brewers in their absence, and not in full court as was customary to be done : and that they fine them at their own discretion ; and that there used to be in the said town only two assessors, and that now there are four, contrary to the liberty of the aforesaid town, and therefore to the grievous loss and detriment of the aforesaid borough of our lord the king who now reigns. And further, they declare that a certain vicar, namely, of the church of Esseburne, obstructed a path-way, near Lovedich, and that Peter de Wyneton, now rector of the church, supports him in that injury. OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 31 pears to have contained 1000 houselyng people of sixteen years of age and upwards. The number of inhabitants may now be estimated at 2500. The average amount of the poor rates, county rate and constables' accounts, for the last seven years, is £860. 0*. id. per annum ; the highways about £57. per annum ; and the church rates are collected from the whole parish. The poor are maintained in a workhouse, and the pauper children are apprenticed to trades. There is a house of correction, a free grammar school, and an Enghsh school for 30 boys and 30 girls, well endowed; a national day-school, two Sunday-schools of the church establishment and one Metho dist Sunday-school, supported by voluntary contributions. A Baptist and Methodist chapel, a Calvinist chapel in Compton, an alms house for clergymen's widows, and three others for widows, widowers and decayed housekeepers, the founders of which will be noticed hereafter ; two bridges and the share of a third in this township are repaired by the county. There are three men's and one women's sick clubs, 28 inn keepers and about 100 freeholders, besides several copy-holders in this township. The magistrates meet every Saturday to transact business. Several genteel families reside here. Sir William Boothby, bart. is lord of the manor and holds a court leet annually, at which time the constable and headborough are sworn in. The lord of the manor receives the tolls of the fairs and markets, and appoints proper persons to inspect the weights and measures. In the month of February, 1644, there was a battle fought near to Ashbourn, be tween the royalists and the parliamentarians, in which the royalists were defeated with considerable loss; 170 Vere taken prisoners. King Charles was at Ashbourn in the month of August, 1645, and attended divine service at the church; his army at this time consisted of about 3000 men, which he marched through the Peak of Derbyshire to Doncaster. In 1745 Charles Stuart, the Pretender, marched his army twice through Ashbourn ; first on his approach to Derby, and again on his retreat to Scotland. On which occa sions he and his principal officers took possession of Ashbourn hall. The bed in which the prince slept is still preserved. In Esseburne there are three carucates of land to be taxed. Land to three ploughs. It is waste, yet it pays twenty shillings. There is a priest and a church, with one carucate of Idnd to be taxed ; and he has there two villanes and two bordars, having half a plough. Himself has one plough, and one vassal who pays sixteen pence ; and twenty acres of meadow. These five manors, Derelei, Mestesforde, Werchesuorde, Esseburne and Peureuuic, with their berewicks, paid in king Edward's time thirty- two pounds, and six sextaries and a half of honey, now forty pounds of pure silver. D. B. At the time of the Norman Conquest, the town and manor of Ashbourn belonged to the king. But William Ferrers, by a charter dated the 11th of July, in the first year of the reign of King John, obtained from the crown to himself and his heirs, a grant in fee-farm of the manors of Wirksworth and Ashbourn, together with the whole wapentake, on condition that he paid to the exchequer £70. sterling at Mi chaelmas and Easter by even portions. In the fifth year of the same reign, he ob tained a grant of the inheritance of these manors with the wapentake, for which he paid 500 marks. In the reign of Henry III. it was seized by the crown, on the re bellion of Robert de Ferrers, son of William. In 25 Edward I. Edmund Crouch- — They also declare, that a certain Ranulph of Mercinton obstructed another path, leading out of the king's highway; from Esseburne to Scolebrook, between the new place and tenement of the said Ranulph; and Roger de Mercinton abets him in the same injury. — Of military tenures, &c. They declare that two messuages at the end of the town of Esseburne, towards Underwode, were given in charity to the abbey of Miravalli, to make for the monks of that place a house of hospitality, by lord William, the old Earl of Ferrers, that nothing is paid, and that the messuages are lying waste. — Concerning the clergy and other magistrates, &c. They declare that Thomas de Gloucheswich was seized and detained in person, and put in chains, on suspicion; and liberated by Henry Oweyn, then the bailiff of Lord Edmund, forXLs — Persons they fined and liberated in the time of the late kin? Henry. — They also declare, that Laurence, Cierk, and Nicholas of Mercinton, in the time of the late king Henry, by night seized two men and two women of Esseburne upon suspicion, and took from them a certain quantity of wax and cloth, of the value of XXs. and more, and promised them to get a warrant respect ing the ivax and cloth, which they have never restored. 32 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER back, brother of the king and earl of Lancaster, died possessed of the manor of Ash bourn- In 9 Edward II. Stephen de Seagrave held lands here. In the time of Edward III. Thomas, earl of Lancaster, owned the manor. In the same reign, Roger Mortimer, earl of March, procured for his son a grant of the wapentake of Risley and Ashbourn in the Peak, being parcels of the lands of the late Edmund, earl of Kent, attainted. In the reign of Henry IV. John Mowbray, duke of Nor folk, held the manor. This manor continued to be annexed to the earldom and duchy of Lancaster until the time of Charles I. who in the year 1633 sold or granted it to William Scriven and Philip Eden, who conveyed it to Sir John Coke of Melboum, knt. one of his Majesties Secretaries of State, and his son John Coke, esq. ; from the latter it passed by sale, in the reign of Charles II. to Sir William Boothby of Broad- low- Ash, bart. whose lineal descendant and male heir, Sir William Boothby of Ash bourn hall, bart. is the present owner. An ancient and noble family, of the name of Cokaine, resided and flourished for many generations in this town, and had considerable estates in the county, much in creased by a match with the heiress of Herthill, and were many years lessees of the rectory of Ashbourn under the dean of Lincoln. From this family descended Sir William Cokaine, lord mayor of London in the reign of James I. ancestor of the lord Cullen, seated at Rushton in Northamptonshire early in the 18th century. Several were eminent statesmen and warriors in the reigns of Edward III. Richard II. and Henries IV. V. and VI. John Cokaine, esq. knt. of the Shire, who died in 1372, hes buried in Ashbourn church. Sir John Cokaine, one of his sons, was founder of the Cokaines of Cokaine Hatley in Bedfordshire, now passed by a female heir to the Casts. Sir Thomas Cokayne, who died in 1592, was author of a short treatise on huntyng, compiled for the delight of noblemen and gentlemen, now ex tremely rare. His great grandson, Sir Aston Cokaine, was author of several dramatic and other poems, epitaphs, &c. in the reign of Charles I. He was born at Elvaston, and resided chiefly at Pooley in Warwickshire. In the year 1671 he joined with his son, Thomas Cokaine, esq. (the last male heir of this branch of the family) in the sale of Ashbourn hall and other estates, to Sir William Boothby, bart. Pedigree ofthe ancient family of COKAINES, of Ashbourn, from the reign, of Edward I. Andrew Cokayne, of Ashbourn. «= William Cokayne, of Ashbourn, 28 Edward I. = Sarah. Willi! illiam Cokayne, of Ashbourn, 33 Edward I. - Alice, daughter of Hugh Botham, of Thorpe. Roger Cokayne, of Ashbourn. = I William Cokayne, of Ashbourn, 17 Edward II. = Sarah, dau. of Adam Mereaton, of Ashbourn. John Cokayne, of Ashbourn, 4 Edward III. = I John Cokayne, esq. of Ashbourn, some time knight of the shire, obt. 46 Edward III. = Lettice. , — : ! Sir Edmund Cokayne, = Elizabeth, dau. of Richard de t= Joan Francis. Sir John Cokayne, ances- of Ashbourn, knt. Herthill, andco-heir of Sir Wil- tor of the Cokaynes of 3 Henry IV. ham de Herthill, in the Peak. Hatley. Sir John Cokayne, of Ashbourn, knight, 13 Henry VI. = Isabel, daughter of Sir Hugh Shirley. obt. 16 Henry VI. i & j t " >\ -V ,xc ,'v\* v\ SK* - ^ ^S <| :x "i\V OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 33 John Cokayne, of Ashbourn, 14 Edward IV. obt. 20 Henry VII. (1504.) seised of Middleton by Yolgrave, Ballidon, Parwieh, Clifton, a moiety of Tissington, with messuages and lands in Ashbourn, Compton, Offeoteand Underwood, Bradley, Stur- ston, King's Newton and Mappleton. Agnes, daughter of Sir Richard Vernon, knt. speaker of the parliament at Leicester, 4 Henry VI. who with the foregoing Sir John or the last, were knights ofthe shire, and commissioners for returning all the names of the gentry in the county, 12 Henry VI. Thomas Cokayne, of Ashbourn, 3 Henry VII. <= Agnes, daughter of was slain at Polesworth in a quarrel with Robert Barlow, Thomas Burdett, esq. I of Barlow. Roger. Beatrice, ux. of Sir Thomas Tyrrell, knt. Sir Thomas Cokayne, knt. was knighted at the battle of Tournay in France, 4 Henry VIII- sheriff 12 and 21, will dated 28 Henry VIII. (1537.) Barbara, dau. of John Fitzher- bert, of Ash and Etwall, esq. remembrancer of the ex chequer, 1501. Beatrice. Henry. A dau. mar. Humphrey Lowe, of Denby, esq. Francis Cokayne, of Ashbourn, = Dorothy, dau. Anthony, Thomas C. Jane, mar. Anne, mar. Elizabeth, died seised ofthe manors of Mappleton, Thorpe, Herthill, Ballidon, Clifton, Middleton, a moiety of Tissington, and lands in sixteen other places, 1558. and heir of Thomas Marow, serjeant at law, 1505. S.P. had a dau. and heiress Florence, mar. Henry Bagshaw, of Ridge hall. Vincent Lowe, of Derby, esq. Sir William married Bassett, of Robert Blore, knt. Burdett, esq. Sir Thomas Cokayne, knt. of Ash bourn, was knighted at the winning of Edinburgh, 2nd day of May, 1544. He was divers times high sheriff of Notts, and Derbysh. and died 15th Nov. 1592 ; gave £50. to the loan of Spanish Armada, 1588. Dorothy, dau. of Sir Hum phry Ferrers, of Tamworth, knight, mar. about 1540. Barbara, ux. John Ferrers, esq. son of Sir Humphry. Alice, ux. Edward Littleton, Pellaton hall, co. of Staff. . Francis, mar. dau. and heir of ... Browne, co. Warw. I William, living, 1591. Thomas, ob. S. P. Dorothy. Francis Cokayne, of Thomas Thomas, obt. S. P. Ashbourn, esq. died 25th Dec. 1594; married Anne, dau. of Sir Valentine Knightly, of Faws- ley, co. Northamp ton. died young. 19th January, 1587, mar. Jane, dau. and heir of Philip Okeover, Sir Edward = Cokayne, of Ashbourn, knt. sheriff of Derbyshire, died 11th Oct. 1606. I Jane, dau. of Dorothy, Nicholas married Ashby, of Willoughby, German Pole, of Radbouni esq.. J A 1 1 ' ' Tabitha, mar. William Brad- burn, esq. s Florence. Johanna. Joan.Jane. Maud. Thomas Cokayne, of Ashbourn and Pooley, esq. born 1588, died in London. Anne, dau. of Sir John Stan hope, of El- vaston, co. Derby, knt. George Cokayne, Dorothy, ux. of Ballidon. Wm. Fleetwood [ of Calwich, Francis Cokayne. co. Staff. Jane, Mary Francis, mar. ux. obt. Frances Creswell. Powell, young. j I George obt. S.P. Grace, ux. of George Coke, of Derby. .,1 Ebz. ux. of James Blore, of Ashbourn. Dorothy, Mary Jane and John. Sir Aston Cokayne, of Ashbourn, bart. but resided chiefly at Pooley in Warwick shire, a celebrated poet, died at Derby, Feb. 1683, buried at Polesworth. Mary, dau. of Sir Gilbert Kniveton, of Mercaston, co. Derby, bart. Anne, ux. Sir Francis Boteler, of Hatfield Woodhall. Thomas, Letice, obt. 1628. ux. of S. P. Gilbert Armstrong. Catherine, Isabella, Lucy, ux. of obt. 1634. obt. 1651, Sir Rich. aet. 18. unmar- Weaton. ried. Thomas.Cokaine, esq. joined with = Mary, dau. and Mary, ux. his father in selling the Ashbome co-heir of Carey 1st Thomas estates and others in Derbyshire, in 1671, obt. S. P. this was in the latter end of king Charles the Second's reign. Sherry, of Ros- Hanslow,-of sail, co. Salop, esq. Hi renin , 2nd, William Lacy. Isabella, = William Turvill, born 9th I of Aston, co. Mar. 1654. Leicester, esq. Henry* Charles. Arabella, ux. of Whft- greave, of Moseley>co, Stafford. Sir William Cokaine, of a younger branch of this family, was lord mayor of Lon don in 161 9 , arid his son Charles was raised to an Irish peerage, hy the title of Yis- PART ii. J c 34 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER count Cullen, in 1642 : from whom descended his grandson Charles, the grandfather of the third viscount who married Catherine, youngest of the five daughters of Wil liam Lord Willoughby, of Parham, and by her (who afterwards married Sir John Harpur, bart.) had Charles, the fourth viscount, who married Anne, sister to Borlas Warren, esq. descended from the earls of Warren and Surrey, who attended William the Conqueror into England, and afterwards married Cunredy daughter of that king, and was ancestor of the present Warrens ; by this lady he had a son Charles, the fifth viscount, who was born September, 1710 ; married May, 1732, to Anne, daugh ter of Borlas Warren, esq. by whom (who died 1754) he had issue, Charles, Bor- lase, John, who all died unmarried : Anne Maria, the only surviving daughter, mar ried the Rev. Nathaniel Mapletoft, who died 1791 : she married secondly the bishop. of Cork and Ross. His lordship married secondly, Sophia, daughter of John Baxter, esq. by whom he has issue, William, who married Barbara, youngest daughter of George Hill, esq. by whom he has issue. John Cokaine, who died 1 403, was knighted by Henry IV. at the battle of Shrews bury, and killed in that conflict. He was baron of the exchequer. His nephew, Sir John, represented the county of Derby in several parliaments, and was chief baron of the exchequer in 3 Henry IV. and 2 Henry VI. He lies buried in Ashbourn church. The church is a gothic building, in the form of a cross, with a square tower in the centre, terminated with a beautiful and lofty octagonal spire, enriched with ornamental workmanship, and pierced by twenty windows. The building is principally early English, with various alterations, additions and insertions of later styles. The.nave has very fine early English piers and arches. The chancel is of the same character, but with a perpendicular east window of seven lights inserted ; there are three plain stone stalls in the chancel. The north transept has decorated windows ; the south transept a large perpendicular window. The font is fine clearly early English. There are 'several good early Enghsh door-ways. Over the whole of this church, the dif ferent styles are very much mixed, but the walls and buttresses appear mostly of the original character of the church. The roof is supported by several pointed arches; the interior is spacious, but not commodiously disposed, though galleries have been erected for the convenience of the cpngregation. At what time it was built is uncer tain, though probably it was in the thirteenth century, for we find that it was dedi cated to St. Oswald, by Patishull, bishop of Coventry, in the year 1241 ; as appears by an inscription on a brass plate, found on repairing the church, some years ago, which is as follows : " Anno ab incarnatione Dno MCCXlj VIII die Maij dedi- cata est hose eccia et hocaltare consecratum in honore sci Oswaldi regis et martiris a venerabili patre Dno Hugoni de Patishull Coventrensi Episcopo." In the Harleian manuscript, No. 1 486, folio 49, 6, is a copy of this inscription (differing in a few let ters only) which is then said to be written in an old Saxon character, in brass, in Mr. Cokaine's house at Ashbourn. There is no date to the memorandum. This brass was probably fixed up in the church at the time the ancient hall was taken down. It is remarkable, that the bishop should be styled, of Coventry only. This church, together with the chapels, lands, tithes and other appurtenances belonging thereto, were granted in the time of Edward the Confessor, by William Rufus, to the church of St. Mary in Lincoln, and to the bishop of that see and his successors. In conse quence of some arrangement made at a remote period, the rectory became appropriated to the deans of Lincoln, under whom it was held on lease for many years by the Cokayne family, and of late by the Erringtons. The present lessee is George Henry Ernngton, esq. The rectory of Mappleton is annexed to the vicarage of Ashhoufn. 1 he vicarage has been augmented with a parliamentary grant of £600. and the present value is about £100. per annum, and of the rectory £200. per annum The Rev. Samuel Shipley is the present incumbent. The church is furnished with a good organ, and the tower contains eight bells. A chantry was founded at the altar of St. Mary in Ashbourn church, and endowed by Henry de Kniveton, parson of Norbury, in the reign of Richard II. Another chantry, in honour of St. Oswald, was founded in or about the year 1483, bv John Bradburne and Anne his wife. ' OV THE COUNTY OF DERBY. Arms and Inscriptions in the Church. A large monument, with two kneeling figures of Sir Thomas and Dame Dorothy Cokaine, over a tablet. Hie jacent sepulta corpora Thomas Cokaini Militis et Dom Dorothea? uxoris ejus. Christi mors nobis vita. Underneath, in a lower compartment, three sons and seven daughters, on either side another tablet. Nomina liberorum Thoma; Cokaini Mil et Dom Doro thea uxoris ejus, Franciscus, Thomas, Edward, Flo- rentia, Dorothea, Ha. Johannes, Johanna, Jane, Maud. In the north transept of Ashbourn church is a large embattled altar-tomb, enriched on the sides with qua- trefoils and shields of arms. — (Jn the top are two effi gies in alabaster ; the one of a knight, in plate-armour, with pointed helmet, having his arms, three cocks, expressed on his breast, a lion at his feet, and angels supporting his pillow ; the other of au old man in a close cap, with a short beard, habited in a tunic, with a robe falling over his left shoulder ; a purse and a dagger attached to his girdle, and a dog at his feet. This monument was evidently intended for some of the Cokaine family ; and it is probable that the effigy in armour is that of John Cokaine, esq. who was some time knight of the shire, and died in 1373. In the same transept is another altar-tomb, of alabaster, with the effigies of a knight, of the same family, and his lady ; the sides are much enriched with gothic tracery, and figures of angels, holding shields of arms. The knight is in plate-armour, with a collar of S. S . ; under his head is a helmet, with his crest (a cock's head) and lamberquin. The lady is dressed in a close gown and mantle, with the reticulated head-dress. Tumuli alabastrini Johannis Cokain prirno capital is Baronis de Scaccario, deinde unius Justiciarum de Com- muni Banco, sub rege Henrico IV. accurata effigies. On a marble tombstone is the following inscription: Here lyeth Sir Thomas Cockaine, Made knight at Turney and Turwyne; Who builded here fayre houses twayne. With many profettes that remayne: And three fayre parkes impaled he. For his successors here to be ; And did his house and name restore, Which others had decayed before; And was a knight, so worshipfull. So virtuous, wyse and pitifull; His dedes deserve that his good name Lyve here in everlasting fame. Who had issue, three sonnes and three daughters. In the south transept, within a wooden railing, is an old altar-tomb, without effigy or date, probably to the Bradburne family. Another fine altar-tomb, with effigies in alabaster, of Sir Humphry Bradburne, knt. of Lea, near Bradburne, and Dame Elizabeth) his wife, daughter of Sir William Turvill, of NewhalJ, Warwickshire, knt. Obiit 15. The north side exhibits their daughters, each hold ing a shield of their several husband's arms, impaled with their own: and the south side has their sons in like manner. At the west end is a shield of the arms and quarterings of Bradburne, surrounded by a garter and motto; on either hand, two single shields of Bradburne ana Turvill. Another altar-tomb, above the same, on the wall, a tablet. Here lieth the body of Jane Sacheverell Widow, daughter of Sir Humphry Bradburne, knt. and Dame ElizabetJi, his wife, and late wife of Henry Sacheve rell, of Morley, esq. She had issue by her said hus band, four sons, viz. Jacinth, Jonathas, Victonu and Oswald: and four daughters, Elizabeth, Abigail, wife of Humphry Packing ton, of Harrington, in the county of Worcester, esq. and Jane and Omphelia. The said Jane Sacheverell died ye 14th of March, 1624. ^Etatis suae, 67. The said Abigail, her daughter, and Thomas Milward, her kinsman and executor, caused this monument to be erected. ARMS. Sacheverell. Argent; on a Saltier, Azure, five waterbougets, Or. Impaling Bradburne; all in a lozenge shield. In same transept, a mural monument inscribed Jaco- bi Sherrat, de Tyddeswall, obt. 5 Dec. 1710, aged 65. He was a lawyer, and son of John Sherrat of Basford, in the parish of Cheddleton, co. Stafford. ARMS. Azure, two boars passant, in pale Or, a canton, Ermine. On another. Constance Frances, eldest daughter of Nathaniel Gooding Clarke, of Hansworth, co. Staf ford, esq. and Constance Elizabeth, his wife, obt. Sept. 3, 1801, aged 9. Here lie the bodies of Sir William Boothby of Ash bourn hall, knt. and bart. and dame HiU, his wife. — He was only son of Sir Henry Boothby of Clatercote, in the county of Oxon, by Judith his wife, afterwards lady Corbett, — He married Frances, 2nd daughter and co-heir of colonel Milward of Snitterton, by whom he had issue (all deceased) and after her, Hill, 1st daughter and co-heir of Sir William Brooke, knt. of the bath, brother to Henry Brooke, lord Cobham, and last heir-male of that ancient and noble family. By Hill he had issue, William — James, another William, (who now succeeds to the honour) Charles, Henry and Brooke, Margaret, Penelopeand Mary ; which Brooke, under the highest obligations of duty and gratitude to their memories, erected this monument. Sir William was a true son of the established church of England; eminent for piety, sobriety and disinterested loyalty ; a lover of learning, evident by his collection of nearly six thousand books, now regularly placed in a conve nient and graceful library in Ashbourn hall, to re main to his posterity there. His lady's piety, charity and other christian graces, were extensively beneficial and exemplary. After 47 years mutual and sincere affection she § AiaA \ May 14, MDCCI V. J „ - \ LXIV. he \d,e(1 /March 24, MDCCVI.t.3^11 JLXVIII. both interred under, and all their children near this tomb. ARMS. Boothby. Argent, on a canton, Sable, a lion's paw erased, in bend, Or, with the arms of Ulster and a shield of pretence. Brooke. Gules, on a chevron, Argent, a lion rampant, Sable, crowned. Or. A slab beneath records the deaths of several of their children, viz. Charles Boothby, fourth son, obt. July 5, 1686, aged 20 j William, obt. August 6, 1662, aged three months ; Margaret, died July 9, 1668, aged one year and four months. S. S. Hie conditae sunt exuviae Francisei filii nati maximi Gulielmi Boothby de Broadlow Ash, Equitis et Baronetti et Franciscan filise Johannis Milward de Snitterton, armigeri. Uxorem duxit Annam filiam Johannis Child de Dogsthorp hall in agro Northampto- niensi armigeri, ex qua liberos Henricum et Annam suscepit quos infantes reliquit moriens die passionis dominicse anno 1684. In piam patris memoriam filius Henricus Boothby Baronettus hoc possuit anno 1708. Et amici addidere — Ilium forma praesignem genere magnum virtutibus longe majorum fuisset. An alabaster urn. To the pious memory of Ann, the deservedly beloved wife of Brooke Boothby, daugh ter of Henry Cavendish, of Doveridge in the county of Derby, esq. and Mary his wife; who left this un certain world the 2nd day of July, MDCCI. in the XXVth year of her age, and lies here expecting (the rewards of a virtuous and good life) a glorious resur rection to a blessed immortality. She left issue by her husband only one son, William, who also departed this life in the IXth year of his age, ye XXIInd of Sept. MDCCVIII. Eximiae forma? externa venustas in matre animum aequecandidum indicabatin puero spem afferebat indo- lis adeo praestantis ut omnes quibus notus erat imma- turum ejus obitum lugerent. ARMS. Boothby and Brooke, quarterly, im- ' paling Cavendish. A monument. Sacred to the memory of Hill Booth by, only daughter of Brooke Boothby and Elizabeth Fitzherbert, his wife; born October 27th, 1708; died January 16th, 1756. Could beauty, learning, talents, virtue, save From the dark confines of th' insatiate grave; This frail memorial had not asked a tear, O'er Hill's old ashes, sadly mouldering here : 36 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER Friendship's chaste frame her ardent bosom fired. And bright religion all her soul inspired; Her soul too heavenly for an house of clay, Soon wore its earth-built mansion to decay. In i he last struggles of departing breath, She saw her Saviour gild the bed of death ; Heard his mild accents tuned to peace and love, Breathe a blest welcome to the realms above; To those bright regions, that celestial shore, Where friends, long lost, shall meet to part no more. " Blest Lord, I come, "my hopes have not been vain : Upon her lifeless cheek, extatic smiles remain. Monument of alabaster. Sacred to the memory of MariaElizabeth Boothby, only daughter of Sir Brooke Boothby, bart. and Dame Phoebe, his wife; born Feb ruary 16th, 1758; died August 22nd, 1805. Chaste earth, within thy hallowed breast, Let these sad relics peaceful rest ; The mortal spoils, an angel mind. Mounting to heaven, has left behind. Here bosom pure as virgin snow, Did with each mild affection glow, Almost from human frailties free. Yet boundless was her charity : The sense in her that brightly shone, Seemed to her modest self unknown. Reader, no poet's pencil drew This portrait, it is simply true; O, all-beloved, the general woe Thy universal worth may show : And, O, too soon, united here, With parents, to thy bosom dear, Sleep by a well-loved mother's side, In life her chiefest joy and pride. Sister, farewell, nor time, nor place, Maria's memory shall efface: Thy brothers, who inscribed this stone, With their last sigh thy loss shall moan. Another. Sacred to the memory of Sir Brooke Boothby, bart. and Dame Phcebe, his wife, daughter and heir of William Hollins, esq. of Moseley, in the county of Stafford. He was born November 2nd, 1710, and died April 9th, 1789. She was bom Octo ber 4th, 1716, and died May 5th, 1788. They were married in 1742, and left issue two sons and one daughter. Brooke, born June 3rd, 1744; William, born May 4th, 1746; MariaElizabeth, born February 16th. 1758. Here blameless pair, with mild affections blest. Beloved, respected, much lamented, rest: Life's sheltered vale secure in peace ye trod, Vour practice virtue, your reliance God. Long days, long love, indulgent heaven bestow'd, And sweet content to gild your calm abode; Friends who through life their faith unaltered kept ; Children who loved, who honoured, and who wept; Heroes and kings, life's little pageant o'er Might wish their trophied marbles told no more. ARMS. Boothby and Brooke, quarterly, overall a shield of pretence, of Hollins, argent a chev ron, azure, in chief, four crosslets of the second. A beautiful monument, in memory of Miss Booth by, from the chisel of T. Banks, R. A. which for exe cution and design, would do credit to the talents of any artist. On a marble pedestal, a mattrass, sculp tured from the same material, is laid; on this the child reposes, butapparen tly not in quiet ; her head reclines on a pillow, but the disposition of the whole figure in dicates restlessness. The little sufferer, indeed, ap pears as if she had just changed her position, by one of those frequent turnings to which illness often in vain resorts for relief from pain. The inscriptions on the tablet below enforces this feeling : "I was not in safety, neither had I rest, and the trouble came."— To Penelope, onlychildof Sir Brooke and Dame Susannah Boothby, born April 11th, 1785; died March 13th, 1791. She was in form and intellect most exquisite. The unfortunate parents ventured their all on thi3 frail bark, and the wreck was total. Omnia tecum una perierunt gaudia nostra. Tu vero felix et beata Penelope mea. Quae tot tantisque miseriis una morte perfuncta es. Lei cheM ciel ne mostra terra n* asconde. Le crespechiome d' orpuro lucente. E'l lampoggiar dell Angelico riso, Che solean far in terra un Paradiso, Poca polvere sonche nulla sente. Beaute, e'est done ici ton dernier azyle. Soncercueil ne la contient pas toute entiere. IL attend le reste de sa proie : II ne l'attendra pas longtemps. It is impossible to hang over the beautiful image which the artist has here sculptured forth, aud peruse the simple but affecting inscriptions that are scattered around it, without sympathizing with the afflicted pa rents who had "ventured their all of happiness on this frail bark," and found "the wreck was total.'1 This monumental design, which is exquisitely finished, and full of tender feeling, probably suggested to Chantrey the execution of that master-piece of art, the group of the two children, now the grace and orna ment of Lichfield cathedral, and the boast of modern sculpture. Middle isle, on a pillar. Near to this pillar lieth the bodies of John Lee, gent, and Elizabeth his wife, of Ladyhole, in the county of Derby ; he died August 23rd, 1686 : she, December 28th, 1713. ARMS. Azure, three ducal crowns, Or. At the bottom of the stairs, leading to a gallery at the west end. A Latin inscription for Elizabeth, wife of Thomas Kirkland, of Ashbourn, and daughter of Thomas Baguley, of Ashborne, Merchant, and Eliza beth, his wife, obt. 22nd January, MDCCXVII. East isle. Richard Milnes, merchant of Sandy- brook, late of Manchester, born February 4th, 1734, and died October the I8th, 1803. In the middle cross isle are several memorials to the respectable families of ftiddlesden and Chattertou. On a pillar in the middle isle, white marble tablet In memory of Mr. Bryan Hodgson, late of this town, &c, died December 12th, 1784, aged 75. In the north transept, a white marble tablet for William Rawlins, obt. June 16th, 1 817, aged 69. The Rev. William Rawlins, his father, for many years a dissenting minister in this town, obt. January 22nd, 1783, aged 65; Hannah, his wife, obt. November 20th, 1786, aged 69. A flag. In memory of the Rev. Dean Langton, who departed this life 28th July, 1761. A flag. Edward Barton, esq. lieut. 1st regmt dra goon guards, obt. June 13th, 1751, in the 30th year of his age. In the chancel. White marble cenotaphie monument. In memory of lieut. col. Philip Bainbrigge, fourth son of the late 1 homas Bainbrigge, esq. of Woodseats, Staffordshire. He commanded the 20th regiment of foot at the battle of Egmont-op-Zee, on the 6th of October, 1799, which terminated the expedition to Holland, where he was killed, in the 44th year of his age, leaving a widow and eight children to mourn their irreparable loss. His body was buried by his brother soldiers, in the churchyard near the field of battle. ARMS. Bainbrigge a chevron between three battle-axes impaling a crescent between three trefoils. On a stone in the same wall. Here lyeth the body of William Hull, the first lecturer in this church from the yeare of our Lord 1610, until the 20th of Janu ary, 162(7, on which day he departed this life. A flag. Thomas, son of Charles Gibbons, of London, gent. obt. 19th June, 1688; and Mary Ley, died 29th June, 1786, aged 62. J J' On the north wall, a monument, disposed in the form of a mantling thrown over an arrow. Sacred to the memory of George Errington, esq. who in. 1759 served the office of sheriff of the city of London. He departed this life on the 10th of May, 1769, aged 78 years : and of his son, George Errington, esq. barrister at law, who died on the 19th of May, 1795, aged 39 years.— This monument was erected in affectionate remembrance of his ancestors, by their descendant, George Henry Errington, esq. the present lay impro priator of this parish. jr. ARMS. Errington, Argent, two bars, Amre, in no£S£ ' tJ?ree escaloP shells of the second. CKiLbi. On a wreath, a unicorn's head erased, per pale Argent and Gules. On the same wall. A white marble monument, OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY 37 with Latin inscription, for John Saunders, rector of Leigh, M. A. first-born son of John Saunders, rector of Colton, prebendary of Lichfield, and Dorothy, his wife, daughter of John Crompton, esq. of Stonepark, and nephew of Walter Lord Aslon, of Forfar. And erected by his son, John Saunders, L.L.B.a presbyter of the church of England ; no date. ARMS. Sable, a chevron pean between three bulls' heads, caboshed, Or. Another for Rev. Thomas Goodreed, whose Arms, Gules, an anchor, Or, ringed. Argent, are above; a flag beneath, inscribed, The Rev. Mr. Thomas Good reed, vicar of Ashboum, died 23rd May, 1702. His wife died 15th October, 1707. A curious account of a woman being buried alive, of the name of Toplis. Thomas Toplis's wife was buried at Ashbourn 20th April, 1650; as she was carried to the church, some thought they heard a rumbling in the coffin ; as the earth was cast upon the coffin, a noise was heard like the bursting of a little bladder ; soon after the people were gone from the funeral, a widow-woman, named Ann Chadwick, not being satisfied, went again to the grave, kneeling down and laying her ear to the ground, she heard a sighing; she called a soldier to her that was passing that way, who heard the same; they im mediately went to Mr. Pegg, a justice of the peace, who ordered the grave to be opened; the coffin was discovered to be warm, and the woman had pulled some hurds out of her mouth, which had stopped it before she was put into the coffin ; they found also a child, delivered and descended as low or lower than the knees, with one hand in its mouth and the other stretched out by its side : the after-birth was also come from her. In the register-book are these words : A pril 20, 1650, was buried Emma, the wife of Thomas Toplis, who was found delivered of a child after she had lain two hours in the grave. Charities. The Free Grammar-School was founded 27 Elizabeth, by letters patent, 15th July, 15S5, on the petition of Sir Thomas Cokaine, knt. William Bradborne and Thomas Carter, esqrs. Thomas Hurt, William Jackson, and other inhabitants of the town, under the denomination of the free school of Queen Elizabeth, in the village of Ash- borne, in the county of Derby. No statutes appear to have been made under the provision for that purpose, con tained in the charter of Queen Elizabeth, until the year 1796. On 20th August in that year, the common seal of the governors and assistants of the free grammar-school was affixed to the following rules and statutes, the same having received the consent and approbation of the then bishop of Lichfield and Coventry, testified by his signa ture thereof, to whom a letter had been addressed by the governors and assistants in 1794, requesting his advice and assistance, and stating that the then head-master of the school had at that time only one scholar, and had had only two or three for many years past, and that the under-master taught a private school in his own house, and neglected the few scholars that attended the free-school. be so ordered to be discharged or removed, shall from the time of such discharge or removal, be deprived of all the profits and emoluments belonging to his office, and shall quit and yield up possession of his house, school, garden and orchard to the same belonging; and if he shall refuse or neglect to quit and yield up the same, the said governors and assistants, or any person authorized by them, shall and may by force remove him from the possession thereof. 2. That no master or under-master for the time being shall engage himself to any school or scholars, nor shall in anywise teach or instruct any scholars during the hours proper for him to attend in the free grammar-school; viz. from seven to eleven in the forenoon, and from one to four in the afternoon. 3. That the master or under-master shall not, with out the express consen t of the said governors and as sistants, or the major part of them, at one of their meetings, be at liberty to take as scholars more than the following number of boarders; viz. the head-mas ter twenty, and the under-master ten. And for the greater preservation of the health of such boarding- scholars, the master or under-master shall not have more than two beds in one room, nor more than two scholars in one bed; and that the master and under- master shall each of them oblige his boarding-scholars to attend in the public school during the hours above mentioned. 4. That the said governors and assistants, for the time being, shall have liberty at all times hereafter, to send into the said school, between the hours of eleven and twelve o'clock in the forenoon, and four and five in the afternoon of each day (except Sunday) any person whom they shall think proper, for the purpose of teaching and instructing the said free-scholars in writing and arithmetic. 5. That the master and under-master for the time being, shall regularly, twice a year, viz. one month after each of the recesses of Christmas and Whitsun tide, send, directed to one of the said governors, a list 1. That the master and under-master for the time being shall enter upon their respective offices, with the house, garden, and other appurtenances thereto belonging, subject to the observance of all and every the rules, statutes and orders herein contained, and which are on their respective parts to be observed and performed, and shall continue in the possession thereof during so long a time as they shall respectively observe the said rules, statutes and orders, and shall conduct themselves properly and diligently in their offices, and no longer. And in case the master or under- master shall not observe the said rules, statutes and orders, or any of them, or shall be guilty of miscon duct or neglect of duty, and in order to prevent a master or under-master being discharged and removed from their respective offices, upon the complaint or by the prejudice of a few individuals, a meeting of the saia governors and assistants for the time being, shall be first called to take into consideration whether there are sufficient grounds, by the misconduct or neglect of duty of such master or under-master, or their omitting to observe these rules, statutes and or ders, to call a special meeting of the said governors and assistants: and if so, then to call such special meeting; of calling which, one week's notice in wri ting shall be given to the said master or under-master respectively ; and the said governorsand assistants are at such special meeting to consider fully, and careful ly investigate, such misconduct or neglect of duty, or non-observance of the said rules, statutes and orders, and they, or the major part of them for the time be ing, shall then either acquit such master or under- master from any complain t which shall be made against him, as aforesaid, or shall sign an order for hisor their discharge and removal immediately, or within such space of time as the said governors and assistants, or the major part of them, shall think proper ; provided always, that such special meeting shall not be held sooner than fourteen days after the then preceding meeting: and the master or under-master who shaU 38 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER in writing, specifying the name of every free-scholar each hath under his care, which list shall be laid be fore the governors and assistants at their then next meeting. 6. That when and so often as any lease or leases of the lands, tenements or hereditaments, wherewith the said school is now or shall hereafter be endowed, shall become expired, such lands, tenements or heredita ments shall be advertised, for the space of three weeks, in the Derby Mercury, to be let by public auction from year to year, or upon one or more lease or leases, for any term not exceeding twenty-one years, to com mence from the time of such letting thereof; and that the person or persons who shall be the best bidder or bidders for such lands, tenementsor hereditaments, shall find sufficient sureties for payment of the rent and performance of the covenants or other articles to be contained in such lease or leases, provided that no governororassistant, for the time being, or any person in trust for him, shall be a bidder at such auction; and such bidding is hereby declared null and void to all intents and purposes, it being contrary to the true intent and meaning of these rules and statutes, that any governor or assistant, or any person in trust for him, shall be a holder or occupier of any of the lands, tenements or hereditaments (of, or belonging to the said school. 7. That all the rents, issues and profits, arising or to arise from the lands, tenements and other heredita ments wherewith the said school is now or shall here after be endowed, shall for the time being be received by the treasurer to the said governors and assistants within the space of three months after the same shall become due, and for him immediately to pay two third parts thereof to the head-master, and the other third part thereof to the under-master, subject to such future regulations as maybe thought necessary to be made by the said governors and assistants. Lastly. That the master and under-master for the time being, shall have an equal right and title to the pew at the farther end of the scholar-loft, in the parish church of Ashbourn aforesaid, and that each of them and his family shall and may occupy the same accord ingly, without the hinderance or interruption of the other of them. DONORS. Philip Okeover, esq. by deed 15th September, 27 Elizabeth, gave a rent-charge of 20a. \ter annum, out of lands at Mappleton- Humphry Street, before 1613, had given, atseveral times, £100. to the school. In 1610, Roger Owfield gave £70. to the school. The earl of Shrewsbury gave a rent-charge out of Glossop, of £5. per annum. John Hanson, by will, 13th January, 1678, gave a rent of £6. 15s. 4d. out of tithes of lead-ore in the High Peak, now paid by the duke of Devonshire. Edward Shaw and Joan Denton gave 10s. per an num. George Taylor gave about ta. of land, near Ash bourn, now let for £5. per annum. , Three tenements in Ashbourn, now let for £6. per annum. The crown public house, in Ashbourn, now let for 10 guineas per annum. Thomas Carter, by deed, 28 Elizabeth, gave a rent- charge of 40s. per annum, charged on Mr. William Sutton's house, in Ashbourn market-place. Christopher Pegge, esq. of Middle Temple, London, by will, 12th June, 1669, gave to certain trustees, lands, &c. in Ashover and Wingerworth, since ex changed for lands at Brailsford, containing 157a- 0 r. lo. now let for £229. per annum. Two-fifths of which belong to the school. , The farm at Shirebrook, which consists of a house and out-buildings, and about 103 acres of land, is now held by George Booth, under a lease, bearing date 27th July, 1816, granted by the governors and assist ants to his father and himself, for the, term of 21 years, from 6th April then last, at a fair rent of £88. per annum, the tenant covenanting to keep the build- lugs in repair. The whole annual income of the school is £213. 15.?. 4c?. Two-thirds of which (£142. 10s. 26?.) is paid to the head master, and one third to the under master, who have each beside a good house and garden. The Rev. Paul Belcher, M. A. was appointed head master in 1796, and the Rev. Thomas Gibbs under master in 1818. The Charter directs that there shall be three governors and twelve assistants. The former are elected from the assistants and the latter from the parishioners. The present governors are Joseph Bradley, Christopher Harland and William Sutton. And assistants: Edward Cheney Winslow, Robert Docksey Goodwin, Thurstan Dale, Thomas Wise, John Witham, and seven others. The school is open to the boys of the parish, who are required to be able to read "before their admission as free scholars, so that they may immediately begin to learn the Latin grammar. In 1798, an order was made, and now acted upon, that all children should be admitted to the school as free scholars, who should come from their parents' place of abode and return the same evening. The free scholars are in structed gratuitously in the classics, and also in English history and geography. Lecture, otherwise to the poor. — About 1630, the sum of £400. was given by dif ferent persons, which is vested in trustees and produces £40. a year, being a rent- charge out of an estate at Walton, belonging to Sir John Henry Hunloke, bart. Coopers Alms-houses. — John Cooper, of Clerkenwell, (London) by deed of 5th January, 1801, gave £3500. three per cents, also £1000. to be invested therein, to the trustees of Lady Huntingdon's college, Cheshunt, Herts, in trust to pay to each person (to be collected and placed in six alms-houses he had previously built in Compton) ten guineas yearly, and to pay to the minister of the chapel adjoining £42. yearly, and the residue for repairs, bibles and other books, salaries to clerk, pew open ers, &c. with power to increase the minister's salary. The founder died in 1808. The stock is now reduced to £4350. Out of the dividends, amounting to £135. 105. the minister now receives £68. 10.?. per annum. Mr. Cooper, when a boy, followed the humble occupation of brick-making, but OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 3,9 becoming disgusted with the employment, went to London, and, by frugality and persevering industry, acquired considerable property. Owfield Roger and Thomasin, and Spalden's Alms-houses. — In 1630, Roger Ow- field gave £250. to minister, school, and poor. His widow built eight alms-houses, which cost £76. over and above the £100. left by her husband : and she gave £100. for a stock, to pay to each inmate 20*. per annum. These alms-houses consist of eight dwelling-houses, with small gardens to each, inhabited by poor widows or widowers, who receive 2s. 6d. per week. The property left by the Oldfields, consist of seven acres of meadow land, at Mappleton, now let for £18. per annum ; and half an acre of land, at Ashbourn, letfor£3. per annum (atalowrent) and 13a. Or. 34 p. of land, in Parwieh, left by the will of Nicholas Spalden, bearing date 16th of April, 1710, now let for £39. per annum; £55. of this rent is distributed amongst the alms- people, and £5. reserved for a fund to keep the buildings in repair. Jane James gave by her will, 13th July, 1669, a rent-charge of £2. per annum, on lands at Roston, to the eight poor people inhabiting in the above alms-houses. Richard Peters, in 1708, left a rent-charge to it, of lands at Uttoxeter, of £4. per annum, to be distributed to the eight alms-people. They also receive Paul and ¦ George Taylor's gift of 3*. 6d. each per annum. Pegg's and Pole's Alms-houses. — In 1669, Christopher Pegg gave by will his house, &c. in Church-street, and lands in Ashover and Wingerworth, for the erect ing and endowing six alms-houses in Ashbourn, which lands have since been ex changed for lands in Brailsford, now let for £229. per annum, three-fifths of which, amounting to £137: 8s. is carried to the account of this charity. German Pole gave by his will, dated 6th October, 34 Car. II. several closes of land, lying near Mercas- ton mill, in the parish of Mugginton, and an allotment made on Hulland Ward en closure, the whole containing 29a. Or. 30 p. now let for £36. per annum. The alms-houses consist of six dwellings, with a garden in front, inhabited by six poor widows or widowers, of the township of Ashbourn. Each person receives 8s. per week, which amounts to £124. 16s. per annum. The residue, after distributing a sum of £18. 18*. 9d. per annum to the poor, and a salary of £10. per annum to the treasurer, is reserved for the repair of the buildings, &c. Spalden's Alms-houses. — Nicholas Spalden, by his will, 16th April, 1710, gave to the governors and assistants of the free school at Ashbourn, and their successors for ever, all his lands in Parwieh, co. Derby, in trust to distribute the profits thereof to the inhabitants of the eight old alms-houses. He also gave to said governors, &c. all his messuages, lands, &c. in Dublin or elsewhere in Ireland. To whom he also gave the residue of his personalty, after the determination of several annuities therein named. — In pursuance of this will, four alms-houses were erected for clergymen's widows, in Church-street, to each of whom £10. a year is now paid. Also ten alms houses, for poor married people of Ashbourn, each of whom receives 3s. 2d. per week, and £1. yearly in lieu of a gown. Two school-houses, for the use of thirty poor boys and thirty poor girls, to be instructed therein in reading. To each school is a house for the respective master and mistress, who receive £10. a year each, and 30s. each for coals. To the vicar and lecturer of Ashbourn, each £8. a year. To the bell- ringer £1. a year. To the poor of Snelston 40*. ; Clifton 20*. ; the Mathfields 40*. ; and Mappleton 20*. a year. To the poor of Ashbourn, in bread, £8. 13*. id.,. In 1736, the governors, &c. leased the premises in Dublin to Dr. John Taylor, in fee farm, subject to a rent of £210. In 1768, Dr. Taylor devised all his interest therein to the governors of St. Patrick's hospital, in Dublin, who now pay the said rent-charge. Field rents. — It appears by two decrees in the duchy court of Lancaster, made 1625, and 8th May, 1630, that three fields in Ashbourn, called Townend-field, the Low-field, and the Wooddees-field, now the property of Sir William Boothby and Sir Matthew Blakiston, barts. J. G. Johnson, W. Webster, J. Longdon, and W. Greaves, esqrs. S. Haywood, Miss Walker, J. Wood, W. Sutton, J. Sellars and J. Wheleny, containing 143 a. 2 r. 20 p. stand charged with, and now pay 2s. per acre, amounting to £14. 8s. 8d. to the poor of Ashbourn. 40 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER Boothby, Lady ... Buxton Elizabeth Chattcrton Thomas, and others Oltibome, Rev. Francis Hanson John Hawkins Isaac Hurt Nicholas.. Pegge Edward.. Port Catherine.. Shaw Edward, and Joan Denton Taylor Paul Taylor Elizabeth Taylor George Money ...... Rent charge £500 Funds Rent charge £400 Rent charge Rent charge Rent charge Rent charge Rent charge Rent charge £100 3 5 0 17 10 0 5 10 0 5 0 0 5 0 2 12 5 0 5 0 4 16 Poor »¦ {Poor20s. Minister 10s."| Bibles 10s Ringers 5s J /Inmates of Spalden's \ \ alms-houses ) Clothing for poor School ( Clergymen's widows \ ¦J in Spalden's alms- V {_ houses J Poor in bread Poor Poor {Poor 60* Clergyman 30s School 10* Poor CPoor£4.. {.Minister £1. . ::} Will, 30th April, 1817. Will, 11th July, 1730. Will, 20th Feb. 1811. Deed 1817, WiU 1818. Will, 1678. WiU. Deed, 1637- Will, 31st March, 1666. Will, 1722. Deed, 1st March, 1625. Will, 24th Dec. 1640. Deed, 28th March, 1659. Will, 2nd May, 1668. Besides the charities already named, we may add the Dispensary, which relieved two hundred and twenty-seven persons in 1828, at the cost of £38. 9s. 9d. The house of correction was built, at the charge of the county, in 1815 ; it is cal culated to hold sixty prisoners. Mr. James Whiston is the present governor. Ashbourn was an appointed residence of the French prisoners during the last war. — At the abrupt termination of the peace of Amiens in 1803, general Rochambeau, who with 5000 troops had taken refuge, in consequence of the failure of the French expedition against St. Domingo, on board the English fleet, was brought to England, as prisoners. The general and about three hundred of his officers, were sent to re side at Ashbourn. In 1817, a party of blanketteers, who were marching in great numbers from Man chester, to present, in a body, a petition to the Prince Regent, were stopped at Hanging-bridge, by the inhabitants of Ashbourn, who were sworn in as special con stables, aided by the yeomanry. The prisoners were numerous, but after being de tained a short time, they were discharged. Ashbourn wakes are held the first Sunday after the 16th day of August. The principal amusement is bull-baiting: and in the evening, dancing, &c. The interesting and romantic scenery of Dovedale, 11am hall, the splendid seat of Jesse Watts Russell, esq. and Okeover hall, the seat of H. F. Okeover, esq. being in the neighbourhood, are generally visited by strangers passing through Ashbourn. The paintings in Okeover hall are universally admired : particularly that of the Holy Family, by Raphael Urban, valued at two thousand pounds. Ashbourn Green hall is the property of Miss Haynes, whose mother married James Godfrey De Burgh, esq. Ashbourn hall, the seat of Sir William Boothby, bart. was from remote antiquity the residence of the Cokaines, one of the most eminent Derbyshire families. Their continuance here may be traced with certainty from the time of Henry the Third to that of Charles the Second, when Sir Aston Cokaine, the celebrated Poet, who was a considerable sufferer for his loyalty to Charles the First, gave the finishing blow to the ruin of an old and venerable inheritance, which began to decline in the reign of James, by selling this seat and estate to Sir William Boothby, bart. The mansion is not possessed externally of any architectural beauties ; but within, every part is disposed with taste and elegance. Many of the pictures are valuable, and the painting of the Nightmare, by Fuseli, is an extraordinary performance ; the library is extensive, and the books are a choice collection of classic and polite literature. The situation of the house is low, in a narrow valley on the bank of the little river Henmore ; but the park and gardens have been laid out in a style of beauty and gracefulness which compen sate for the want of more picturesque scenery. In 1745, upon the advance of Charles Edward's army into Derbyshire, Sir Brooke and Lady Boothby were driven from Ashbourn hall, which was occupied by the Prince and his attendants : the names of the occupants of the different rooms were OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 41 found chalked upon the doors; the chalks were afterwards painted over with white paint, and some of the doors still remain. Pedigree of the ancient Family of BOOTHBY, from the time of Edward VI. ARMS. Argent, on a canton, Sable, a lion's paw, erased, in bend, Or. CREST. A lion's paw, erased, erect, Or. MOTTO. Mors Christi, Mors mortis mihi. Sir William Boothby quarters the armorial bearings of Brooke, De la'Pole, Braybrook, Saint Armande, Norbury, Crosyer, Planch, Hollins, Bray, De Burgh or Borough &c. &e. as given in the above engraving. 42 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER Thomas de Boothby, of Boothby, living 4 Edward VI. «= Thomas de Boothby, of Boothby. = Richard de Boothby, of Boothby, living 3 Elizabeth. ¦= William Boothby, of London, woollen merchant. Mary, dau. of Sir Thomas Hayes, Lord Mayor of London. Thomas Boothby, of Loudon, woollen merchant. William Thomas = Magdalen, Sir Henry Boothby was created = Boothby, Boothby, died in of Tooley Aug. 1623, Park, in and lies Leicester- buried in shire. Boddington church,. Northamptonshire. dau. of Edward Street, a Baronet by king Charles by letters patent, dated 5th Nov. 1644, signed by his majes ty's sign manual, but the civil wars prevented its passing the great seal. He was styled of Clatercote, buried at Boddington, Northamptonshire. Judith, dau. of Thomas Osten, of Ox- ley, inStajffbrdshire, esq. who, surviving her husband, married 2ndly, William Basset t, esq. of Blore; and, 3rdly, Sir Richard Corbett, of Merton Corbett, Shropshire, bart. By her 2nd husband, William Bassett, she had issue 'one daughter, first married to the Hon. Henry Howard, son to the Earl of Suf folk, and, by him had a daughter, mar ried to Sir John Harpur, of Swarks- tone, knt. Mrs. Howard married 2ndly, William, the first Duke of Newcastle, from whence the Cavendishes are de scended. Richard, Robert, Judith, Boothby, Boothby, married of Mars- obt. S.P. " Thomas ton, in Fox, esq. Leices tershire* 1st wife, t the dau. of Adam Coclough. Thomas = 2nd wife, Boothby,; the dau. of Too- J William ley Park. • Faun t , of : Foston, • Leicester- : shire, esq. Frances, dau. of Col. Jno. Milward, of Snitter ton, co. Derby. Thomas Boothby, his son and heir. = Mary, dau. of Sir I Charles Scrimshire, of Durant hall, co. Derby, knt. Thomas Boothby, son and heir* = Sir William, the = only son, was knighted by king Charles II. in the field, and at the restoration the king was pleased to renew the patent gratis by the name of Sir William Boothby, of Broad- low Ash, co. Derby. Died 24th Mar. 1706, aged 68. Anne, <= dau. aud coh. of ThomasChild, of Dogs- thorp, North- ampton- shire,esq. Hill, eldest dau. and co-heiress Eliz. of Sir William Brooke, Knight wife of of the Bath, son to George Andrew Brooke, only brother of Henry Corbett, Lord Cobham, which Hill, and esq. two other daughters, Sir Wil liam had by Penelope, daughter of Sir Miles Hill, of Hillsborough Castle, who was marshall of Ireland. She was relict of the Lord Wilmot's eldest son. She afterwards married, 3rdly, Edward Russe], brother to the Earl of Bedford, and by him had several children, amongst others, Edward, Earl of Orford, Lord High Admiral of England at the time of William the Third. Francis Sir Wil- Boothby, liam esq. Boothby, died Vita 3rd son Patris, and 3rd 1684. bart. suc ceeded his nephew, : Frances, Anne, dau* dau. of of Henry Sir Trevor Cavendish, Williams, of Dover- of Langib- idge, esq. by, Mon- obt. J uly 2, mouth- 1701, aet. shire, 25. bart. Brooke Boothby, esq. of Ash bourn. Sir Henry Boothby,2nd bart. succeeded his grand father in the title but died unmar. Henry Boothby, Anne Boothby, died in fants. Elizabeth, dau. of John Fitzher-bert, of Somersal Herbert, esq. illiam, 1.1 H William, obt 6 Aug. 1662, inf. James, obt. 9 July, 1668, inf. Charles, obt 5 July, 1686, at. SO. Henry. Margaret, Penelope, Margaret, J- died S. P. and another Gore Booth by, esq. : Elizabeth, dau. of John Bury, of Notting ham, esq. William, only son, obt. 22nd Sept. 1708, Anne, = dau. of John Byard, of Derby, esq. Set. dat. 28 Sep. 1737. obt. 1739. = Sir Brooke ¦. Boothby, of Ashbourn hall, 5th bart. suc ceeded his 2nd cousin ; born Nov. 2, 1710, died 9 Apr. 1789. : Phebe, only dau. and heiress of William Hol lins of Mose ley, co. Staf ford, esq. born 4th Oct. 1716, mar. 1742, died 5th May, 1788. Hill, only dau. born 27* Oct. 1708, died 6th Jan. 1756, unmar. I OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 43 a b Sir William Boothby, Anne, = of Broadlow Ash, 4th only bart. a Major-General child. in the army, and Col. of the 6th regiment of foot- He died at Bath, 1787, unmar. 3 Joseph Sir Brooke Booth- Greaves, by, of Ashbourn of Aston, hall, F. L. S. 6th esq. bart. born 3rd June, 1744, died 23rd Jan. 1824, at Boulogne, in France. Maria = Edward Sneyd, esq. of Byohly Lodge. A daughter. Anne, died unmarried. Penelope, only dau. born 11th April, 1785, died 13th March, 1791. , Susanna, Sir Wil- ¦. dau. and liam sole heir- Boothby, ess of of Edwin- Robert stowe, Not- Uns- tinghams. towe, 2nd son, late esq. Majorof51st regiment of foot, 7th bart. born 14th Mar. 1716, died 17th March, 1824, set. 78. Sir William = Boothby, of Ashbourn hall, J. P. for co. of Derby, Lord of the Manor of Ashbourn. 8th and pre sent bart. born 25th March, 1782. Fanny, only dau. of John Jen- kinson, of Winchester, esq. only brother of Charles, 1st earl 1 1 of Liver- Henry. pool, George. mar. 1805. b Rev. Brooke Booth by, rector of Kirkby, Nottinghamshire, born 17th March, 1784, died 1829. Raffella, Maria dau. of Elizabeth, Seignior born Miguel 16th Feb. Del 1758, Gado, died 22nd of August, Mahon, 1805. in Minorca died April 12, - Louisa Henrietta, Rev. Charles = Marianne, Louisa youngest dau. of Henry, third, and sister of George Charles V. fourth Lord Vernon, mar. 4th Nov. 1816. Boothby, rector of Sutterton, Lincolnshire, born 25th Feb. 1786. Charles. John. Frances. Raftella, Frederick, died 1825, aged 4 years. dau. of Raffella, Rev. eldest dau. Basil born 1787. Berridge. William. Evelyn. Martha. Serena. Reginald. Louisa Maria, Caroline Mary, Brooke William Fanny Charlotte Cecil Brooke, Maria, born born 19th Jan. bom 18th Aug. Robert, born Anne, born 27th born 18th 31st Mar. 1806. 1807. 21st Jan. 1809. Feb. 1812. Nov. 1813. 1815. The name and family of Boothby are of great antiquity, and may be traced to an era before the conquest. Sir William Dugdale, an antiquarian of high authority, observes in his Origines Judiciales, chap. ix. p. 22. that Egbert, about 800, divided the nation into counties, hundreds and wapentakes, and we find one of the wapentakes of Lincolnshire called Boothby. There are also in the same county a market-town named Boothby Paynell, and an old manor-house of the same appellation. These are said, by Camden, to have received this name from the Boothby family, who re sided there. The same observation is made*by the ancient historian Leland. In the additions to Camden, by Mr. E. Wilson, we find it asserted that the heir general of Boothby married Paynell, Lord of Bampton, in the county of Devon. The same coat of arms as is now borne by the Boothbys was lately to be found painted on the glass windows in the church and in the ancient hall at that place. The lineal succes sion of a family of so ancient a standing cannot easily be traced through the earliest generations; but we find that Adam de Boothby was abbot of Peterborough in 1321. Theobaldus de Boothby was governor of Pontefract castle, in Yorkshire, which he held a long time against the Lancastrians during the civil war of the Roses. The other eminent persons connected with this family are shown in the Pedigree. Sir William Brooke, father of Lady Boothby, by his wife Penelope Hill, daughter of Sir Miles Hill, ancestor of the Marquess of Downshire, was nephew and heir male of Henry Brooke, the last Lord Cobham, of Cobham hall, county of Kent, who was concerned in the Raleigh plot. He was tried with Sir Walter Raleigh and others, in the time of James the First, and attainted, and his large estates forfeited to the crown. His life was spared, but he was confined in the Tower, and died there in great want. In the time of Charles the First, the attainder was reversed by Act of Parliament, but the title not to be assumed but by the special grace of the king. Charles II. by special patent, 1665, granted that the daughters of Sir William Brooke, male heir of the Lord Cobham, viz. Lady Boothby, Lady Denham, and Lady Whitmore, should have place and precedency due to the daughters of Barons. — George Brooke, brother of the above Lord Cobham, and father of Sir William Brooke, was beheaded for his 44 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER concern in the conspiracy in question. He married the eldest daughter and co-heiress of the last Lord de Burgh, or Borough, who died without male issue, in the reign of Elizabeth. This is also, as well as that of Cobham, a Barony in fee. Pedigree of BERESFORD, of Bentley, Newton Grange, Ashbourn, fyc.fyc. ARMS. Argent, a Bear rampant, Sable, muzzled, collared and chained, Or, a crescent for difference. CREST. with a broken spear, the same in his mouth : and headed, Argent. . A dragon's head, erased. Sable, pierced through the neck i a broken spear, Or, and holding a piece with the point of John de Beresford, lord of Beresford, co. Stafford, 1 William II. anno 1087. Hugh de Beresford => Aden de Beresford < John de Beresford ¦ I I Hugh de Beresford, lord of = William de Beresford, who had a Beresford, living, 1249. j dau. Juliana. i\den de Beresford, obt 1296. =• I Aden de Beresford, living, 1322. John de Beresford, living, 18 Edward III. A den de Beresford, living, 1380. = Cecilia, living, 9 Henry IV. ohndel John de Beresford, living, 13 Henry IV. <=> Elizabeth, dau. of Bassett, j ' of Blore Aden de Beresford, living, 1411, obt S. P. Thomas Beresford, esq. of Fenny- = Agnes, dau. and heiress Bentley, younger son, died 20th March, 1473. Had sixteen sons and five dau. ; buried at Bentley. of Robert Hassall, of Arcluyd, co. Chester, obt. 16th March, 1467, buried at Bentley. John de Beresford, eldest son and heir, ancestor ofthe Beresfords of Beresford, which ended in an heir female, who married Sir John Stanhope, whose heiress married Charles Cotton, esq. Adi en Beresford, of Bentley, eldest son and i heir. .1 Thomas Beresford, of Newton Grange, obt. S. P. John, of Broadlow Ash, had issue Hugh, obt. infant and Anthony. Hugh Beresford, of Newton Grange, co- Derby, 5th son. Will proved, 1524, had five sons and four daughters. Agnes, dau. of John Longsden, of Longsdon, co. Derby. Robert Beresford, of Hillesdale, co. Staff. -A. Humphry, of Newton Grange, ancestor of the Irish Beresfords, earls of Tyrone, marquess of Water- ford, &c &c. \ Thomas Beresford, by Agnes, dau. of Matthew Knive ton, of Bradley, had a son Mat thew, obt. S. P. 1545. Edmund Beresford, = Isabel, dau. of Ste- of Newton Grange, vensou , of Somersall, obt. 1547, had three by some called his sons and five daugh- widow, and dau. of ters. Hunt, obt. 1557. Edv. ohn .III! ward, S. P. Lawrence, S. P. Godfrey, S. P. Ralph, S. P. Ralph, S. P. James, L. L. D. S.P. Dionysius, of Cut- t|iorpe, has issue. William, ancestor of Beresfords of Birch- over, co. Derby, and Ledenham, CO. Lincoln. Roger, Alderman of London, S. P. Beresford, of Newton Grange, obt. 1598, had three sous and seven daughters- Maud, dau. of Robert Fitzherbert, of Tissington, esq. obt 1599. OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 45 1st wife, Ellen, dau. of Thomas Alsop, of Castle Hay, Staffordshire, died 1615. Had six sons and four daughters. John Beresford, of ¦ Newton Grange, obt. 1653. 2nd wife, Cleers, dau. of William Gilbert, of Mickleover, had two daughters. Francis Beresford, of Newton Grange and = Mary, dau. of Henry Arderne, Fenny Bentley, died 1671, aged 72. six sons and one daughter. Had of Hawarden, co. Chester, died 1684. John Beresford, mar. and had three sons and five daughters. Francis Beresford, of Fenny Bentley, eldest son, died 1666. He had three sons and one daughter. Frances, eldest dau. of Richard Holland, of Heaton, co. Lancaster, buried at Bentley, 18th Oct. 1688. ohn I John Beresford, of Beresford, Newton Grange and Fenny Bentley, by his 1st wife, Margaret, dau. of Sir John Arderne, of Arderne, co. Chester, knt. he had no issue ; she died 1680 ; he, 4th July, 1724, and was buried at Beres ford, aged 70. Elizabeth, dau. of Rich. Shallcross, of Shallcross, co. Derby, esq. buried at Beresford, 23rd March, 1745. Had five sons and four daughters. Beresford, of Francis London, merchant^ married and had issue. Edward and Anne, only dau. S. P. ohn I John Beresford, of Bentley and Ashbourn, eldest son, = Frances, dau. of John Fitzherbert, esq. of Somersall born 1687; buried at Beresford, 4th February, 1755. Herbert, married there October, 1725; buried at Had seven sons and four daughters. Beresford, 31st July, 1765. Richa John, eldest Richard1 son, obt. B. of aet. 9 years, Ashbourn 18th Feb. and Bent- 1736. Thomas, 6th son, obt. 1747, S.P. ley, 2nd son and heir, bap tized at Ashbourn 17th Mar. 1731, bu ried at Beresford, 5th Oc tober, 1790. . ¦ Alice, Edward B. dau. of vicar of Rich- Arnold, ard Notts, and Garle, rector of of Lei- Welmslow, cester. Cheshire, bapt- at Ashbourn 26th March, 1733; bur. at Arnold, April, 1787- Had 6 sons, all of whom died, S. P. = Mary Gilbert, William = Parker, 4th son, B. vicar of Sal- died, of Sun- iet. 15, ning, about Berksh. 1750, bapt. at S. P. Ashbourn, 2nd Jan. 1740, died June, 1784, and buried at Ashbourn. ford, Warwick. Martha Elizabeth. Francis •¦ Maria Frances. B. of Bland. Anna Maria. Ash- Judith, bourn, all obt. bapt. at unmarried. Ash bourn, 4th April, 1737, and living, 1794. Fanny, only dau. and heiress of Ben. jamin Rey nolds. inn, Rich; Jol born 1765; buried at Beres ford, 1766. Richard Beres ford, of bapt. at Ash bourn, 24th Oct. 1767- |MM Gilbert, born 1774. William, bapt. 1777. Judith, mar ried Bernard Dewes, esq. ofWels- borne. Marianne. Harriett, married Trever Wheeler,of Leam ington Priors, co. War wick, esq. iii 1 1 Edmund. Aden.Aden. William. obt. young. Richard. Gilbert. William , bapt. at Ashbourn 17th April, 1781 ; died, S.P. Martha Maria, mar. Richard Arkwright, esq. jun. Agnes, mar. Sir Henry Fitzherbert, of Tissington, bart. John B. of Comp- ton, esq. eldest son, living, 1829, bapt. at Ash bourn, 7th Oct. 1766. Marcus B.of "5t"h" son, • bapt. at Ash bourn, 19th May, 1777. Francis, 2nd son, died in London 1786, set. 18. Edward, 3rd son. Benja min, 4th son. Charles, 6th son. all obt. infants. h,'Fr! Elizabeth, Frances. eldest dau. Judith. ux. of John Selina. Wright, esq. of Lenton and Not tingham, hanker. Mary and Ann, both died S.P. Note. See monumental inscriptions in Fenny Bentley church. This ancient family first appears in the train of William the Conqueror : and we find the lordship of Beresford, co. Stafford, in the possession of John de Beresford in the reign of William Rufus. From John de Beresford, the descent has continued in a direct line to the present time. During the reign of Henry VI. a younger son of John de Beresford, by Elizabeth, daughter of Bassett of Blore, settled at Fenny Bentley : and during the wars in France, in the minority of Henry VI. he raised a troop of horse, consisting of his sons and of his and their retainers, for the service of the king, which he assembled at Chesterfield. He had sixteen sons and five daughters. The illustrious Beresfords of Ireland are descended from Humphrey, the seventh son of the said Thomas. The Beresfords of Fenny Bentley have spread into various branches, of which the junior is resident at Compton, near Ashbourn. 46 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER Anthony Beresford, son of John Beresford of Broadlow Ash, died 1st March, 30 Henry VIII. seised of divers estates in Bentley, Thorpe, Doveridge, Alsop, Flagg and Chelmorton, (vide Esc. 33 Henry VIII.) He married Elizabeth, daughter of Walter Blount, of Osbaston, county of Leicester ; she married to her second husband in Janu ary, 1540, Sir Thomas Pope, knt. lord of the manor of Tittenhanger, the celebrated founder of Trinity College, Oxford; Sir Thomas died in January, 1559 : and in December in that year, she married to her third husband, Sir Hugh Pawlett, of Hinten St. George, county of Somerset, knt. who died in 1571, and she died in Oc tober 27, 1593 ; by neither of the two latter had she issue. See several particulars of this lady in Mr. Wharton's Life of Sir Thomas Pope. It was probably the -mar riage of Elizabeth Beresford, the mother of John, with Sir Thomas Pope, knt. which caused this branch of the Beresford family to settle in Hertfordshire. John Beresford, of Broadlow Ash, son and heir of Anthony, one year old at his father's death, mentioned in the will of Sir Thomas Pope, 3 and 4 Philip and Mary, died 6th March, 1566-7, seised of divers estates in Arleston, Sinfin, Hilton, Eggin ton, Stenson and Barrow, county of Derby (vide Esc. 9 Elizabeth.) He married Margaret, the daughter of of North Mimms, by whom he had issue, one son Thomas, who died young, and two daughters, Elizabeth and Mary, the latter married Roper, of Kent, esq. The elder line of the Bentley branch became extinct in the reign of James I. by the death of Thomas Beresford, whose heiress married the representative of the Staffordshire branch ; the heiress of this elder branch married Sir John Stanhope, knt. of Elvaston, by whom she had a daughter and heiress, married to Charles Cotton, esq. A younger branch of the Bentley family was seated at Newton Grange for five or six generations. The Newton Grange estate was sold by Richard Beresford, father of John Beresford, esq. now of Compton. Pedigree of DALE, of Ashbourn, fyc. ARMS. Paly of six, Gules and Argent, a bend, Ermine, on a chief, Azure, three garbs. Or. CREST. On a mount, Vert, three Danish battle axes, two ta Saltier and one in pale Proper, the staves Azure (encompass ed by a chaplet of roses, alternately Gules and Argent) band ed by a ribbon, Or. Robert Dale, of Flagg in Chelmor ton, co. Derby, gent. Entered his Pedigree at the Visitation, 1634. Margery, dau. of Thomas Chad wick, of Fairfield Head, co. Stafford. Mary, dau. Thurstan Dale, of William of Flagg, gent. Barker, of a benefactor to Ashoverand the poor of Par- Sheldon, bur. wich, bur. loth 30th Mar. Aug. 1661, un- 1634. married. Thomas Dale, _ Mary, of Parwieh, gent, third son, bapt, 20th April, 1603. George Dale, of = Milicent. Flagg, gent, bapt, 10th Aug. 1623, bur. 14th May, 1658, both at Chelmorton. dau. of Ro bert Da- keyne, of Priestcliff,co. Derby. Syth, bapt. 1st August, 1625. dau. of Thomas Platta, Alice, dau. of German Bux ton, of Bras- sington, gent. I I Robert Dale, of Parwieh, gent. bapt. there 28th Aug. 1645, obt. 2nd Dec. 1725, aged 80. dau. of 2nd wife. . Dale, ancestor of Dale of Lea Hall. I OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 47 Robert Dale, of Flagg, gent, buried 31st March, 1665. b Jane, dau. Thurstan, and co-heir bapt. 1645. of Edward Richard, bapt. Brereton, 1619. ofHurdlow, Anne, bapt. gent. bur. 1648. at Chelmor ton, 3rd Sep. 1684. George Dale, Of Flagg, geut. born 26th Mar. and bapt. at Chel morton, 9th April, 1663, bur. there 28th Aug. 1683. Jane, dau. of William Savile of HiU Top, Beeley, co. Derby, gent. mar. at Chel morton, 24th Oct. 1682, mar. afterwards to Henry Gilbert, esq. of Locko. Milicent, bapt 1664, heir to her niece, married Tho. Powell, esq. of Park, co. Salop, and had three daugh ters. He survi ved and sold the estate at Flagg to Mr. Bradshaw. Margaret. Dorothy, dau. of John Hayne, of Ashbourn, gent, and heir to her mother Dorothy, dau, and heir of James Bullock, of Brampton, obt. 5th June, 1703, bur. at IJake- wcli. Jane, posthumous and only child, bapt. 12th Oct. 1683, obt. young, S. P. Thurstan Dale, , of Ashbourn, sometime of Bakewell, attor ney at law, bapt. at Parwieh, 3rd July, 1667. Pur chased Hough Grange, 170J. Founded a school for 20 free scholars, at Brassington, 1742. Will dated 29th June, 1742, codicil 7th Feb. 1744. , Tryphena, widow of Charles Grammar, of Ash bourn, esq. mar. 1709. Robert Dale, of Ashbourn, gent, some time of London, grpcer. obt. 11th April, 1751, aged 81. Will dated 23rd Aug. 1744. A benefactor to the poor of Parwieh and Brassington. Robert Dale, of of Ashbourn, esq. eldest son, bapt. at Bake- well 24th Nov. 1693. Was jn the commission of the Peace for the county of Derby. ; Tryphena, daughter of Charles Grammar, esq. of Ashbourn. ! Thurstan Dale, of = of Parwieh, gent. 2nd son, a devisee and executor of his father's will, bapt. at Bakewell, 1693, bur. at Par wieh, 10th Dec. 1761. = Hannah Burton, 2nd ux. sister of Thomas Burton of Ham, co. Staff. who made his will 23rd Mar. 1746. ThurstanDale, esq. of Ash bourn. Elizabeth, Robert Robert, dau. of Dale, only son, Isaac obt. a by 1st ux Borough bachelor, obt. of Der- abroad, by, esq. S. P. be fore 1763. Tertius Dale, of Notting ham, grocer; bapt. at Bake- well 28th of Feb- 1736; sheriff of Nottingham, 1776 ; obt. 26th Feb. 1781. . Mary Sarah, mar. Dorothy Flower, John Bux- and born ton of Not- Penelope 1740; tingham, both mar. obt. 7th grocer. Tertius Nov. Had issue Getcliffe 1780. John, Sarah of Ash- (wife of the bourn, late John obt. S. P. Toplis, esq.) and Hannah, obt. unmar. John Dale, 3rd son, a legatee and annuit ant under his father's will, bapt. at Bake- well, 1695, obt. 2nd April, 1753. Dorothy, his wife, obt. 8th Mar. 1789, ffiL 63. Thurs- Tryphena. tan and mentioned John in her grand- obt. father's will ; obt. 4th Mar.' 1792, unmarried, St. 62. S.P. Robert Dale, of Ashhoum, esq. sheriff in 1786. com mandant of the late Ash bourn volun teer infantry, living 1829, aged 85. Katherine, Thurstan daughter Dale of of Richard Ashbourn Dyott of died unmar Freeford, county of , Stafford, esq. mar ried 2nd Hannah, mar. the Rev. Dr. Nathaniel George : Phillips j obt. 25th Nov. 1801, S. P. Dale of John, living abroad 1828, S. P. Notting- Robert, married Jane Sawtell ; obt. in ham, gent. Jamaica, 1815, S. P. born 17th Tertius, obt. 1773 young. Dec. 1776; Sarah, married John Stone of obt. 13th Hinckley : she obt, 1796. Dec. 1817. May, 1773. Sarah Jane Walker, of Wirks worth ; married 26th Feb. 1801, obt. 3rd Sep. 1818, aged 42. I .1 . LU LI Robert Thurstan = Hellen, Richard Katherine, Dale, Dale of esq. Ashboum, Lieut, esq. some Colonel time Major 93rd iu the army, Foot; living, killed at 1S29. the attack of New Orleans. N. America, 8 th Jan. 1815 ; mar. Harriett, dau. of Philip Bainbrigge of Ashbourn, esq. Lieutenan t-Colonel. obt. S.P. daughter Dale, obt. 1809. of Tho. a Lieut. Anne, obt. Mary, wife of George Ter- Edward Marshall tius Dale of Matthews 9th ofDrog- Foot, heda, obt. Ireland, unmar. esq. young.Elizabeth. Mary. Frances. of Newark. Sarah, wife of Tho. Cullen of Nottingham. John D. 2nd son, born 1806. Thurstan D.born 1814. : Margaret, Robert D. eldest dau. of New- Wirksworth, of Rickards wark, 3rd mercer, 18 eldest son, born 21st Jan. 1805. Ince of Wirksworth, gent. mar. 23rd July, 1828. son, born 1808; mar. and has issue. Thurstan. 48 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER ASHFORD-IN-THE- WATER, lim. N.W. from Bakewell, a village, parochial Aisseford, cnapelry, constablery and township, in the archdeaconry of Derby and hundred of High Peak, contains 147 houses, 147 families and 728 inhabitants. Of the 147 families, 35 are chiefly employed in agriculture, 56 in trade, manufactures or handicraft, and 56 in the mines, professional pursuits, or are living independent. The village of Ashford is situate in a deep bottom and fertile valley on the banks of the Wye ; it may, says a modem writer, be pronounced the most pleasant and agreeable village in the High Peak. Wood and water, rock and meadow, building and gardens, promiscuously mixed, form at once a scene both in teresting, fascinating and picturesque. This township consists of 2505 a. 2r. 35 p. of excellent limestone land, which is generally termed the garden of the Peak: and roads, 56 a. 2 r. 18 p. The estimated annual value of all the buildings and land is £3175. lis. 2d. The average parochial expenses for 8 years, including poor-rates, county rates and constables' accounts, amount to £453. 8s. 2d. per annum. The church-rates and highways are collected separately. This township joins Middle- wich House of Industry ; the pauper children are apprenticed in general to trades. The land is let in large and small farms ; the tithes belong to the Duke of Devon shire, and the rate is annually fixed. The land is principally copyhold, viz. 850 a. 3r.8p. and there are many copyholders. The freeholders are the Duke of Devon shire, (whose estate here is 1654 a. 3 r. 27 p.) James Green, esq. the executors ofthe late Robert Needham, esq. Joseph Bretnor, Mrs. White, &c. The Duke of Devon shire holds a copyhold court and a mineral court twice a year. There are two sick-clubs in this village, the men's consisting of 104 and the women's about 80 members. There is a parochial day-school endowed, a Baptist and a Unitarian chapel, three inn-keepers and two county bridges in this township. At the top of Finn-Head are the remains of an old encampment. The marble-works established here in 1748, were the first ofthe kind constructed in England for sawing and polishing marble ; this ingenious machine was invented by Mr. Henry Watson of Bakewell : but the invention did not, in point of profit, answer the expectation of its author. The works are now carried on, to a consider able extent, by Mr. Brown of Derby. The marble which is here manufactured into chimney-pieces, vases, ornaments, &c. is the production of this neighbourhood, and is equal in quality and beauty to any in the world : consequently, it is in great re quest in this kingdom, and finds a ready market in distant countries. The black marble takes so fine a polish that the slabs have the appearance of looking-glasses. The grey is full of sea-shells and entrochites, similar to those found in some parts of Sussex. The machinery for polishing the marble is somewhat similar in construction to that used in the marble and spar-works at Derby, but it is worked by water. One part, called the sweeping-mill, from its circular motion, is also different ; by this a floor, containing 80 superficial feet of marble, is levelled at the same time. Stockings are also manufactured here, in which branch from 70 to 80 frames are employed, and a few hands go to the Bakewell cotton mill. In Aisseford, with the berewicks Ralunt, Langesdune, Heteshope, Calvoure, Basse- lave, Bubene, Birceles, Scelhardun, Tandintune, Flagun, Protective, Blachewette, king Edward had 22 carucates of land to be taxed and one carucate of land untaxed. The king now has there in demesne 4 ploughs, and 18 villanes have 5 ploughs. Land to 22 ploughs. There is one mill of 12d. and the site of one mill and one lead mine, and 40 acres of meadow. Wood not pasture, 2 miles long and 2 broad. D. B. 294. This manor was parcel of the ancient demesnes of the crown. It was granted to Wenunwen, lord of Powisland, by king John, in die 1st year of his reign. In 1250, Griffin, the son of lord Powisland, had a grant of free warren in this manor. In 1319, Edward II. granted it to his brother Edmund Plantagenet, earl of Kent. Joan, his daughter, and eventually heiress, married to her second husband Sir Thomas Holland, and brought this manor into that family. In 1408, on the death of Ed mund Holland, earl of Kent, it became the property of his sister and coheiress, the wife of John lord Neville. In 1549 or 1550, Henry Neville, earl of Westmoreland, OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 49 sold it to Sir William Cavendish, the favourite of Wolsey, and it still continues in the Cavendish family, being the property of the Duke of Devonshire. Here Edward Plantagenet of Woodstock, earl of Kent, and after him the Hollands, earls of Kent, and more recently the Nevilles, earls of Westmoreland, had a residence, of which the only vestige now remaining is the moat, which formerly surrounded the castle. It is not known when or by whom the castle was built, or when it was de stroyed. The neat tower church, dedicated to the Holy Trinity, has been for the most part rebuilt. In the south wall is inserted a part of the old porch, on which js sculptured a wild boar, and another animal something resembling a wolf, in a couchant posture, under a tree, which is thought to be allegorical of the ancient Peak forest, it being infested with those animals at the time the church was erected. In the interior of the church there are some curious garlands, that have been carried at various times before young unmarried people at their funerals. The hving is a curacy, valued in the king's books at £2. Is. in the gift of the vicar of Bakewell. It is in the pe culiar of Bakewell. The Rev. John Browne of Bakewell is the present incum bent. The living has been increased by £400. subscribed, royal bounty £600. and a parliamentary grant of £200. The present value is about £150. per annum. Arms and Inscriptions in the Church. A tablet to the memory of William Green, who the marble-works near this place, and was the first died 10th March, 1720 ; Lydia Green, died 4th April, who formed into ornaments the fluors and other fos- 1729 ; Ralph Green, died 1st November, 1717 ; sils of this county. Thomas Green, died 29th September, 1794, aged 85 ; A tablet in memory of William Bullock, of Ash- Jane Green, died 5th May, 1805, aged 89; John ford, M.D. who died 3rd December, 1784, aged 49; Green, son of James and Sarah Green, died 18th May, also the Rev. John Bullock. A.M. of Ashford, who 1786. died 30th December, 1789, aged 59. A tablet to the memory of John Creswell, gent, who A tablet in memory of William Finney, of Little died 31st July, 1767, aged 46. Margaret, his wife, Longstone, gent, who died 10th April, 1748, aged 71. died 25th May, 1780, aged 65. Their sons, Thomas A tablet in memory of John Blackwall, late of Ash- died in London, 18th January, 1770. aged 17; John ford, who died 9lh May, 1803, aged 80; Elizabeth, died 3rd June, 1776, aged 29; Edward died 18th De- daughter of the said John Blackwall, died 9th No- cember, 1779. aged 29; William died 8th June, 1783, vember, 1801, aged 16; Mary, wife of the said John aged 28; and George died 11th October, 1788, aged Blackwall, died 30th September, 1822, aged 75. ' 39. All but Thomas was interred near this place. A hatchment for the Chenys of Ashford hall. Martha Creswell, relict of the said George Creswell, MOTTO. " Mors janua vital." and daughter of Robert and Margaret Needham, of Inscription in the church-yard, in memory of John Rowdale, died 2nd May, 1821, aged 66. Ashe, minister of the gospel, v/hose mind was en- Elizabeth Harris died 13th August, 1772, aged 62. riched with that learning and piety, thateandouttand John Harris, husband to the above, died 6th June, humility, that simplicity and godly sincerity, that 1775, aged 83. greatly adorned his inoffensive and useful life, which A tablet in memory of Henry Watson, of Bakewell, suddenly, but happily, ended with his labours in his son of Samuel and Catherine Watson, of Heanor, 64th year, October 2, 1735. who died 24th October, 1786, aged 72. He established Charities. Gisborne, Rev. Francis ... 5 10 0 Clothing Deed 1817, Will 1818. Johnson Richard Rent charge 1 0 0 Poor Will 10th April, 1674. (£200. now £215. 1 0 0 Curate of Ashford ) Roose, otherwise Goodwin-? secured on turn- 2 0 0 Min. of Presbyterian chapel J. Deed 29th Sept. 1761. (.pike roads 1 0 0 Grammar school , ) Residue to the Poor in bread Wright William Rent charge 0 10 0 Poor Will 1st August, 1666. ASHFORD SCHOOL William Harris devised by wards building a school-house. Sir John Coke gave his will, bearing date 6th September, 1630, as recited a croft, containing 1 a. 'ir. lying in the town of Ash- in an indenture, bearing date 7th February, 1631, be- ford, that the school-house might be built on some tween Rt. Hon. Sir John Coke, knt. and John Coke, part thereof; and the said William Harris appointed esq. of the one part, and John Rolandson Clark and that the other 20 nobles, the residue of the said sum, six others, of the other part, certain monies for erect- should be paid yearly, for 20 sermons, lo be made ing a free grammar-school in the town of Ashford, yearly in the chapel of Ashford or the chapel of Shel- viz,: the annual sum of 20marks, tobe issuing yearly, don. On the Ashford enclosure, an allotment of 1 a. for ever, out of the new grounds, lying in the parish 2 r. 5 p. was awarded to the trustees, in respect of the of Alfreton, in trust, that 20 nobles, parcel of the said school-croft. The land charged with the payment of 20 marks, should be paid yearly, for ever, towards 20 marks is now the property of Mr. Brittain, of Cod- the maintenance of a free school, to be kept in Ash- nor park. The school-croft and allotment are now ford, where the testator was born, for the instruction let for £3. 18a. per annum. of pour children ; and the said testator gave £50. to- The duke of Devonshire gives permission to visitors who stay at the Devonshire Arms inn, at this place, kept by Mr. Frost, to angle in the river Wye, which is well stocked with trout and grayling. Ashford hall is an elegant residence on the banks of the Wye, surrounded by PART n/] D 50 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER beautiful plantations, overlooking a rich valley, and commanding all the diversified and picturesque scenery of that romantic river. It is the property of the duke of Devonshire, and is now occupied by W. Ashby Ashby, esq. justice of the peace, and deputy lieutenant for the county of Derby. This gentleman is descended from the ancient family of the Ashbys seated at Quenby hall, in the county of Leicester, where they were in possession of the manor in the time of Richard I. : and that es tate is still part of the property of Mr. Ashby, whose attention to the numerous topo graphical enquiries of the publisher, respecting the property of the duke of Devon shire, under his controul, merits particular acknowledgments. The armorial bearings of the Ashbys are, Azure, a chevron, Ermine, between three leopards' faces, Or. ASHLEYHAY, a village and township in the parish of Wirksworth, constablery of Alderwasley and hundred of Appletree, l^m. S. E. from Wirksworth. It con tains 52 houses, 52 families and 223 inhabitants, chiefly employed in agriculture. This township is well watered by the river Ecclesbourne and numerous springs; it consists of 1400 a. 2r. 9 p. of gritstone land, divided among 39 freeholders, the prin cipal of jwhom are Francis Hurt, esq. Miss Toplis, Malveysin Chadwick, esq. G. B. Strutt, esq. Mr. Joseph Taylor, Mr. John and Mr. Thomas Spendlove, Mr. Samuel Dean, Mr. Richard Spencer, Mr. John Wolley, Rev. Richard Whinfield, in right of the vicarage of Heanor, Mr. Richard Longdon, Mr. William Malin, Mr. William Tipper, Mr. Philip Yeom ans, Mr. William Pidcock, &c. About one-fourth of the land is arable, the other three-fourths meadow and pasture. The estimated annual value of the buildings and land is £1533. ; the average of 7 years' poor, church, con stable and county rates is £210. per annum. The highways are done by statute duty. The tithes are the property of the Dean of Lincoln. G. H. Errington, esq. is the lessee, who re-lets them to Francis Hurt, esq. There is a Wesleyan Methodist chapel in this village. This township is part of the manor of Alderwasley, and Francis Hurt, esq. is lord. There is considerable copyhold property within this manor, and which is held of the lord at an uncertain fine. James Milnes, esq. of Matlock, is the steward. ASHOPTON, a small village in the vale of the river Ashop and chapelry of Der went. Ashopton inn, which has recently been built by the Duke of Devonshire for the accommodation of the new line of road between Sheffield and Manchester, is an excellent house. A wool fair was held at this inn the last Wednesday in July this year (1829) and will in future be continued. ASHOVER, an ancient market-town, township, constablery and extensive parish, Esseover, seated in a narrow valley, and surrounded by high hills, 6i m. N. W. by N. from Alfreton, 6 m. S. W. from Chesterfield, 7 m. N. E. from Wirksworth, and 21 m. N. of Derby, in the hundreds of Scarsdale and Wirksworth, and deanery of Chesterfield. The township of Ashover includes the following villages and places; Alton, Butterley, High Oredish, Kelstedge, Milntown, Northedge, Littlemoor, Fall Gate, Raven's Nest, Green House, Gorse Hall, Hatch Lees, Eastwood, Butts, Rattle, Marsh Green, Hardwick, Brocklehurst, Upper Town, Bunting Field, Dick Lant, Hay, Stubbing Edge, Nutting Field, Spite Winter, Edlestow, Overton and Slack, in the Scarsdale hundred. Containing 500 houses, 505 families, and 2,506 inhabitants. The chapelry of Dethick, and constablery and township of Dethick, Lea and Hol- loway are in the parish of Ashover, and hundred of Wirksworth, and contain 88 houses, 108 families, and 492 inhabitants. Of the 61 3 families in this parish 324 are chiefly employed in agriculture, and 173 in trade, manufactures, or handicraft, the remaining 116 are employed in the mines, in professional pursuits, or live independent. The manufactures are principally carried on at Kelstedge and Lea ; these are spinning of flax and wool, making of hats, framework knitting, and smelting of lead ore. The township of Ashover is in length, from Brackenfield to Beeley common, 6 miles, 6 chains; in breadth, from North Winfield to Tansley, 3i miles, 3 chains; and comprises 8831 acres of gritstone, limestone, toadstone, and coal measures; the land is of various qualities. There is a small proportion of what the farmers terra OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 51 deaf land, consisting of a black earth, underneath which is a red or fox-coloured sand. This land, when pared and burnt, will scarcely carry a crop of oats. The average rental is about 20*. per acre. This township is well watered by the river Amber, which rises in it, and numerous springs. It is divided among about 80 freeholders. The lords of the manor at the time of the enclosure of the common, in 1779, were the Duke of Devonshire, Sir Henry Hunloke, Sir Thomas George Skipwith, barts. as devisees in trust, Robert Banks Hodgkinson, John Woodyeare, the Rev. Laurence Boume, John Bourne of Hull, John Bourne of Spital, and Sarah Bower ; at which time a certain quantity of the common land was allotted to the rector in lieu of the ancient moduses for tithe hay, and also for the tithe of all sorts and kinds of hay growing upon the said common or waste grounds. The estimated value of all the lands and buildings in the township of Ashover is £8447. 3*. per annum, on which sum l±d. in the pound is paid for the county rate. The average of eight years for the poor, county rate, and constables' accounts, is £1364. Os. id. and church rate £62. per annum. The corn tithes alone may average about £450. or £500. per annum. There are a Wesleyan Methodist chapel, 1 endowed free-school, 1 Sunday school, supported by voluntary contribution, 4 friendly societies, consisting of between 400 and 500 members, and 12 public houses in the township. The market-day was formerly held on Thursday, but we believe it is now discon tinued. The fairs are April 25th and October 15th, for horses and horned cattle. In the year 1767 the principal tenants in Ashover, Matlock and Darley, came to a resolution to convert a building, which had been erected nearly fifty years before for a bathing house, but which had fallen into decay, into a subscription poor house. The building was large, and consisted of several tenements, which, with some alterations, seemed to be well adapted for their benevolent purpose. It was determined that this Ashover poor-house should be under the management of three Directors and a Trea surer, chosen every four years from among the inhabitants of Ashover and three ad joining parishes. The parish officers of all the districts around were invited, by a printed list of rules, to subscribe and send paupers to be lodged, fed, clothed, &c. These subscribing parishes were to pay quarterly their quota, in proportion to the whole number of parishes, towards the rent, salaries, cost of utensils and repairs ; and to pay monthly for each pauper, in proportion to the whole current expenses for the maintenance of the paupers on the establishment. The scheme was well approved : many adjacent parishes soon subscribed, and were followed by others. The following is a list of the present subscribing parishes : Tupton, Unstone,Walton,Wensley,Whittington,Williamthorpe, Winfield, South, Wingerworth. In 1809 the number of subscribing parishes were 61, and at that period the paupers were 38 in number; at present the subscribing parishes to the Ashover division are 43, and the paupers averaged last year 61. The cost of maintenance per annum was at the former period about £10. 8s. per head, and last year (1828-9) the average maintenance was £11. is. Abstract of one year's account, ending February 23, 1829. £. s. d. £. s. *¦ Bread, flour and oatmeal 194 19 2 Brought forward 566 G 4£ Butchers' meat and pork 109 17 8 Salaries 55 10 6 Milk 93 1 3 Rents 6 0 0 Malt 22 19 0 Taxes 3 17 Groceries 97 9 3A Utensils and repairs 19 14 5 Coal - 48 0 0 Miscellaneous 32 1 3j 566 6 4£ Disbursements £682 14 lj Ashover, Eckington, Baslow, Edensor, Beighton, Glapwell, Bolsover, Hasland, Brampton, Horsley, Chester, Little, Horsley Woodhouse, Cromford, Kilburn, Darley, Dronfield, Killamarsh, Lotigstone, Matlock, Ripley, Middleton, Shirland, Newbold, Shottle, Normanton, South, Scar cliff, Norton, Smalley, Pilsley, Stretton, Pentrich, Sutton, Pinxton, Tibshelf, 52 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER The Gregory mine, situate in this parish, began to be very productive about the year 1770, and between that period and the year 1802, (at which time it ceased work'- ing,) it left a profit of about £120,000. to the proprietors : who, for several years pre vious, had incurred a considerable expense in pursuing the vein without success. " Ashover, (says Rhodes) is a very respectable and pleasant village. It is roman- tically situate in a deep but narrow valley, which is watered by a branch of the little river Amber ; and, approached from the Matlock road, its appearance is strikingly picturesque. The light spire of the church rises gracefully from the surrounding trees, and is a pleasing feature in every view that is obtained of the village. The hills are lofty and picturesque : in some places barren rocks break through the soil; in others they crust the summits, and trees and houses are scattered amongst projecting crags and verdant slopes." Leonard Wheatcroft, clerk of the parish, poet, tailor, and schoolmaster, wrote a book about the year 1722, in which he gives the following description of Ashover : he says, " Few villages are better situated for excellent water. The river Amber rises in this parish, and bears that name for ten miles, besides eighty springs. A very good cold bath for rich as well as poor to bathe in for recreation, and to cure their bodies of several distempers. Four spacious commons well furnished with all sorts of moor-game, besides foxes, hares, and the like ; and ten fair woods." The curious manuscript book from which the above is extracted, is in the possession of William Milnes, esq. ¦ In Esseover, Leuric and Levenot had two carucates of land to be taxed. Land U two ploughs. Three farmers and fourteen bordars have three ploughs. There is now in the demesne one plough, and a priest, a church, and one mill of 16d. Wood pasture two miles long and two miles broad. Value in king Edwards time £4. now 30s. Serlo holds it. D. B. 318. The Leuric and Levenot mentioned in this extract are supposed to have been sons of Earl Godwin. At the Survey it was held by Serlo, under Ralph Fitzhubert. In 1203 the co-heiresses espoused a Willoughby, of Lincolnshire, and a Deincourt; the co-heiresses of the latter married Reresby, of Lincolnshire, and Musters, of Notting hamshire ; and it appears that, in the reign of Edward I. the manor was divided into three shares : viz. the New hall, and Old hall or Reresbys, Musters, and Perpoynts' manors. The latter was afterwards called the Babington, or Gorse hall manor. The New hall manor, with the advowson of the church, remained in the descendants of Adam de Reresby (who occasionally served the office of sheriff for the county) till the trustees of Sir Thomas Reresby sold it, in 1623, to the Rev. Emanuel Bourne, then rector of Ashover. In 1797 the Rey. Lawrence Bourne bequeathed it to his niece, Jemima, the late wife of Mr. John Noddef, and her children, in whom it is now vested. The Eastwood estate belongs to William Milnes, esq. with the exception of the site of the hall, and a small portion of land, which was sold, in 1762, to the governors of Queen Anne's bounty, for the purpose of augmenting the chapel of Brimington, near Chesterfield. Three-fourths of the Old hall manor was conveyed by Ralph de Reresby in 1337, and one-fourth, which had belonged to the Musters, to Roger, son of Robert de Wyn- field, of Ecllestow hall. This manor passed by marriage to Robert Plumley, who dying without issue, it became the property of James Rolleston, of Lea, whose great grandfather had married a daughter of Roger de Wynfield. The manors of Ash over arid Lea, belonging to the Rollestons, passed by marriage, in the reign of queen Elizabeth, to the Pershalls, of Horsley, in Staffordshire. In 1648 Sir John Pershall, bart. sold them to Richard Hodgkinson, and Giles Cowley. Reresby manor was re sold by them, and became the property of the Bournes, the Marchioness nf Ormond as representative of the Clarkes, and the late Sir Joseph Banks through the Hodgkin- sons. Edlestow hall was purchased, in 1808, by Mr. John Milnes,°of the widow of the Rev. John Bourne, of Spital, who obtained it through the Gladwins. The Per poynts' share of the original estate became the property of the Babingtons, of Dethick, who sold it to Sir Thomas Reresby, and it passed with his other estates in Ashover, by sale: viz. three sevenths to the late Sir Joseph Banks, now the property OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY 53 of William Milnes, esq. one-seventh to the Duke of Devonshire, one-seventh to Sir Henry Hunloke, bart. one-seventh to the representatives of the late John Wood yeare, esq. of Crookhill, and the remaining seventh in severalties. The hall is the 'property of Samuel Dutton, of Chesterfield, esq. and it is tenanted by a farmer. Overton, in this parish, was long the property of a family named Le Hunt. It passed from them, in 1556, and was sold in severalties, a portion of which became the property of the Hodgkinsons, about 1680, and subsequently, passed by marriage to the late Sir Joseph Banks. On the death of Lady Banks, in 1828, the Overton estate became the property of Sir E. Knatchbull, bart. who disposed of it to William Milnes, esq. of Stubbing-Edge, and to Dr. John Bright, of Manchester Square, London. The Stubbing-edge estate formerly belonged to the family of Crich. In the reign of Elizabeth, we find it belonging to Richard Dakeyne, who married Catherine, a Scottish lady,* called Shang, or Strange, one of the favourite attendants of Mary, Queen of Scots. This estate, after having passed through various hands, became the property of William Milnes, esq. The North-edge estate is much divided. The ancient halls in this parish were Edlestow, Eastwood (now in ruins) Gorse, Clattercoats, Overton, Stubbing-Edge, and Old hall. These have been occupied by many opulent families : viz. the Rollestons, Reresbys, Criches, Dakeynes, Babing tons, Hunts, Wynfields, Hodgkinsons, the late Sir Joseph Banks,t Bournes, Glad- wins, Milnes, &c. In the reign of Edward I. Adam de Reresby, Ralph de Reresby, Robert Perpoynt, and Henry Musters, were stated to be separate lords of the manor. In 1530 the Babingtons, Rollestons, and Reresbys were the lords. The present lords of the manor are, William Milnes, esq. (whose estate here is about 1600 acres) John Bright, esq. M. D. Rev. Joseph Nodder, Rev. Lawrence Short, Samuel Dutton, esq. &c. At the time that Domesday book was compiled, there appear to have been a church and a priest at Ashover.' The present church is a gothic building, with a handsome spire.- About the beginning of the last century a portion of the spire was blown down and re-built. Wheatcroft says, that the original spire was built about the year 1419, and that it was one hundred feet high. This edifice had originally twenty-four hand some windows ornamented with figures and arms in stained glass. The advowson of the church was given by Robert, Earl Ferrers, in the reign of king Stephen, to the abbot and convent of Darley. In 1302 it was purchased by the Reresbys, afterwards by the Bournes, and. the advowson of the living is now the property of the Nodders. The church, dedicated to All Saints, is a pleasing object in the landscape when viewed from the surrounding hills. The living is a rectory, valued in the king's books at £24. 3*. l^d. and yearly tenths £2. 8*. 3\d. : the present yearly value of the living is estimated at 1E600. The glebe is about 30 acres. The Rev. Lawrence Short is the present incumbent. In 1511, a chantry Chapel was founded by Thomas Babington in this church. The lands belonging to it were valued, in 1547, at £5. Os. id. per annum. Jn the church is a very ancient font, by some imagined to be Saxon ; the base is of stone ; the lower part is of an hexagonal form, the upper part circular, and surround ed by twenty figures, in devotional attitudes, clothed in loose flowing drapery, em bossed in lead, which stand in ornamental niches, as represented in the annexed engraving. .Wolley, in his manuscript, says she was the daughter of Patrick Shang, ofEdinburg, gent.; but authors generally term her the daughter of the Earl of Rothes. It is certain that one of the last requests of that un happy princess to Elizabeth was, that she would be the friend of this her most affectionate attendant. \ Sir Joseph Banks descended from an ancient family of Yorkshire, and one of his majesty's honourable privy council, was born in 1743, created a baronet in 1781, and died in 1820, after having filled the offices of President of the Royal Society, and Recorder of the borough of Boston. He sailed round the world with the celebrated Captain Cook, and distinguished himself by his attachment to the study of Natural History. He was a great patron of the Arts, and died universally respected. 54 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER The church is ornamented within with some ancient monuments inlaid with brass, in memory of the Rollestons : there is also a good altar tomb, with recumbent figures, for the Babingtons. The above is a representation of a figure engraved in brass in the chancel ; it is supposed to represent Robert Eyre, a friar, but the inscription is effaced. Arms and Monumental Inscriptions in the Church. On a mural tablet. Hie jacent propinquo, Obadiah Bourne, A. M- Ecclesia? hujus aitnos 40o patronus et rector ; lidelis et Elizabeths coniux, illi non ivnme- rito charissima, Piam an imam afflavit haec Aprilis Ho, anno salutis humanse, 1710, aetatis sua? trio, llleip- sam subsecutus est Januarii 19o, Anno proxime se quent!, aetatis suae 81o. Monumentum hoc justae grati -tudinis ergo posuerunt filij. Inscription for the widow of Tmmanuel Bourne, rector and patron of Ashover church. Her husband was buried at Aileston,in Leicestershire, as mentioned in Nichols' Collections, page 513, and therefore has no monument in Ashover church. Several of his de scendants arc buried here, and the late Rev. Lawrence Bourne, vicar of Dronfield, and rector and patron of Ashover, great grandson of Immanucl Bourne, died 27th March, 1797, aped 74. and is buried in Dronfield church. The following inscription is in the chancel on a large slab of freestone : Here lieth the body of Jemima Bourne, the eldest daughter of Sir Thomas Beckingham, of Tolson Beck- ingham, in the county of Essex, and dame Elizabeth his wife, and the relict of Immanuel Bourne, late rector and patron of this church, who died June 19th, 1679. aged 79. Near this place lies interred Rebecca, wife of Oba diah Bourne, M- A. rector of this parish, aud daughter of John Lynch, esq.» of Grove, in Kent, who departed this life August 31st, 1754, set 62. Elizabeth, daughter of Henry Bourne, died 10th Feb. 1743. Flag. Laurentius Bourne, de Marsh Green, chirur- ges haud frustra inter prima* abit»s obt. 19 Deceirtbris, A. D. 1749, aet. 13. Martha coniux piam, obt. 12 Februarii, A. D. 1751, set 65. Maria filia obt 10 Marti, A. D. 1743, aet. 24. Flag. Here lyeth the body of Ann Wiglie, wife of Joshua Wiglie, gent and child of Immanucl Bourne, patron and rector of this church, died May 19, 1674. Flags in chancel. George Francis N odder , died 25th Oct. 1815, aged 14. Bright Nodder, esq. obt. 12th Nov. 1822 aged 75. Mary, daughter of John and Jemima Nodder, died 10th Aug. 1797, aged 17. Jemima Nodder, died Dec. 2, 1802. aged 43. John Nodder, gent, died 23rd Nov. 1809, aped G5. A handsome altar tomb, on which are the effigies of a gentleman with straight hair, in a gown and double collar, and his lady in the dress of the times, surround ed by numerous figures in pairs under rich gothic can opies, supposed to be put up in memory of Thomas Babington, of Dethick, who died 13th Mav. 1518, arid Edithe his 2nd wife, daughter of Ralph Fitzherbi rt, of Norbury, co. Derby, by whom he had fifteen children. * Father of John Lynch, D. D. dean of Canterbury, who was father of Sir William Lynch, K. B. who died 1785, and of John Lynch, D. D. late archdeacon of Canterbury. OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 55 Isabella was his 1st wife. The inscription is nearly obliterated. Here lyeth Thomas Babynton, of Dethick, esq. son of John, son and heyre to Thomas Babynton, and Isabella hys wife, daughter and heyre to Robert De thick. esq. whych Thomas deceysed the 15th day of March, 1518. On whose soules 1HS. have mercy. Two shields of Arms. Hie jacent corpora Francisci Rolleston armigeri, et Mariae uxoris ejusfilisa Johan. Vernon, militisqui qui- demFranciscusobiit tertiadie Aug. Anno Domini 15S7. %tc jacent $aeoiw$ ftollrtfon Be Icp armfger, rt flnna tijror 4Ki i mm mm ojinnl) jiioor children writing and arithmetic. The school-room'stands in an elevated situation. In a description of the school-house and gardens, given by Leonard Wheatcroft (in his manuscripts relative to Ashover) parish clerk, in 1722, it is observed, that tf At every corner of the garden is placed a birch-tree, that the master may not want for the moderate correction of his unruly scholars ; and between every birch tree there is placed a handsome sycamore for them to sit and shade themselves from the violent heat of the sun." Rent charge £40 Rent charge . 6 a. 2r. 6p. Rent charge Rent charge Rent charge £20 20 10 5 5 Rent charge £60 irters of Ashove f the dtstributio 0 10 0 Int. 4 IP cent. 0 15 0 0 5 0 12 0 0 10 0 5 0 0 0 5 0 Int. 4 "p cent. Int. 4 p cent. Int. 4 p cent. Int. 4 IP cent. Int. 4 IPcent. 10 0 2 2 0 5 10 0 r, called Ashove i.' Poor Schoolmaster Will, 24th Jan. 1677- Will, 17th March, 1666. Will, 28th Dec. 1715. Will, 11th Nov. 1819. Gisborne Rev. Francis Schoolmaster SchoolmasterSchoolmasterSchoolmasterSchoolmasterSchoolmaster Schoolmaster Schoolmaster Schoolmaster Poor Poor Clothiug r Quarter, Overen Will, 20th May, 1684. WiU, 12th Feb. 1705. Will, 1684. Will, 2*nd Dec 1753. Deed, 1817: Will, 1818. d Quarter, Alton Quarter, and Gisbome Rev. Francis ...„. The poor of all the four qu Mill Town Quarter, partake c The family of Bourne have had a good estate in Ashover more than two centuries; and their representatives, the Nodders, reside at Marsh Green hall. Overton hall, in the neighbourhood of Ashover, is a small but pleasant seat, late the property of Sir Joseph Banks, the intelligent President of the Royal Society, whose exertions in promoting the best interests of science and philosophy have ren dered his name deservedly illustrious. This old mansion, surrounded with trees of the growth of centuries, and lofty mountains, at the base of which the small scattered village of Overton is situate, and a good estate have been purchased of the repre sentatives of Sir Joseph Banks, by John Bright, esq. M. D. within the present year (1829.) r j The curiosities on Ashover common have already been noticed in the Chapter on Antiquities. « Q Em O >• HPO uw HO Pedigree of MILNES of Ashover, Mansfield, 8$c. descended from the Milnes of Ashford-in-the- Water, Co. Derby, ancestor of Milnes of D tinstone, Tapton, Aldercar and Chesterfield, Co. Derby, and Wakefield, Co. York. ARMS. Ermine, a mill rind, Sable. CREST. A demi Lion rampant, Or, holding a mill rind in his paws, Sable. Mr. Twigge, of = James Milnes purchased the = Elizabeth, dau. of Hodgkinson, gent. Butts in Ashover in 1696. I I John Twigge, of Bonsall, gent. obt. 4th May, 1758, and Lydia, his ux. obt. 17 Sept. 1761: Mary, obt. set. 17, unmarried, and John T. of Holme hall, gent, devised his estate at Bon sall to his cousin, Wm. Milnes, and gave legacies to his kins men, Nicholas and John T. esqrs. Rev. T. F. Twigge, &c. by will, dated 7th March, 1786, obt. 18th April following, aged 35 Nicholas Twigge, of Chesterfield, gent. whose two daugh ters, Anne, mar. Mr. Pease, of Hull, and the other dau. Wm. Osborne, of Hull, merchants. William Twigge, and his dau. Mary, mentioned in his cou sin John Twigge's will, 1786. Dorothy = Twigge, obt. 5th Nov. 1 790, set. 65. William Milnes, of Ash over, gent. obt- 24 Dec. 1781. aged 60. James Milnes, =¦„.. dau. of ... Roebuck, of Ashover. I of Mansfield. -Mary, mar. Mr. Unwin, of Worksop> Notts. and has issue. - ... ux. 1st of Goodwin, 2ndly of Knocker, of Dover, and has issue. -Dorothy, mar. John Black, of Worksop, Notts, esq. and has issue John, Mary, Eliz- -Susanna, late of Matlock and now Worksop. William . Milnes, of Ashover, gent. obt. 22nd Jan. 1814. Elizabeth, dau. of Anthony Goodwin,of Wirks worth, esq. M.D, died 26th Mar. 1822. Mary, dau. of Ralph' Samuel Kirk, of Ashover, gent. obt. 8th Aug.1821. I John Milnes, of Ashover, gent, living a bachelor, 1829. James Milnes, settled in America, and died there 7th Feb. 1814. ¦ Anne, dau. of John Hay, esq. of Hopes, in Scotland. William Milnes, George Hay, a Captain in the a Lieutenant East India ser- in the East service. India service. Anne, mar. John Wray, esq. of Hull, obt. 11th Mar. 1798. Mary, mar. Barker Bosley, of Bakewell, gent. and obt. 25th Mar. 1795, and left one child, Anne, now wife of Christopher Shaw Roe, esq. of Liverpool. — ___ Dorothy, obt. 11th Mar. 1781. James Hay, an Anne, mar. Elizabeth, obt. 9th Jan. 1766. Officer in ... Anderson, Elizabeth, mar. Thomas the R. N. obt. esq. son of Sir Colemore, of Birming- Margaret, obt. John Anderson. nam> gen£* James = Mary, Milnes, of Windsor, grocer and wine mer chant, obt. 1827. dau. of John Mat thews, Joseph = Anne, dau. of Milnes, of Mans field. Hodgkin son, of Lang- ton hall, Notts, and Mansfield. « William * Milnes, esq. of Stubbing Edge in Ashover, eldest son, living 1829. Mary, dau. Nicholas M. of Paul a lieut. in Bright, of the Royal Ma- Inkersell, • rines, and aide- co. Derby de-camp to fhe esq. mar. Lieut.-Gov. of 4th Feb. Cura^oa, in the 1824. West Indies, where he died 11th Oct. 1807. J 1 I James = Milnes, of Ash over and Samuel Milnes, Eliza, and of London, Dorothy, wholesale twins, obt. chemist and infants. druggist, obt. Mary, obt. Matlock, 14th April, 7th Nov. 1824, S. P. 1794. mar. Mary So phia, dau. of James Milnes, of Windsor. gent. solicitor. Anne, Henry only Milnes, of dau. Leominster, of solicitor. Peter Charles Wal- Milnes, of thall, Ashover, of Dar- lead mer- ley chant. Dale, esq. James, eldest son, obt. 1828, 83t. 23, S. P. Elizabeth and Char lotte, obt. young. Adolphus Frederick, clerk to an attorney. Mary, now Amelia. widow of Louisa. Sam. Milnes, late of London. William Mary, Milnes, of mar. 1st mar. at Mansfield, Jeremiah Matlock, mar. Sarah, Hind, cur- 7th Dec. dau. of ... rier ; 2ndly 1818, Longdou, to James Bia- 2nd ux. and has don, both of . issue. Burton on Trent, has issue by both. Anne, = Stephen = Anne, yo. Jane Acmes. William. Marianne. Elizabeth- Nicholas- James Walthall, Henry Walthall obt. infant. born 26th Sept. /Wal Francis Milnes, William. Glover, of Derby, born at Long Clawson, co. Leic 28th Feb. 1795. dau. of James Shaw, of Bolehill,gent. mar. and bur. at c ' ' ' Susanna. Jane, mar. William Fields, of Mansfield, currier. James, Wirksworth; of 1st ux. Mansfield. John Charles. Edwin Stephen Shaw. 58 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER ASTON is a small rural village, township, constablery and parish, 1 m. E. of Estune, Weston-upon-Trent and 6 m. S. of Derby, in the hundred of Morleston fiSt'town, and Litchurch and deanery of Derby. This parish includes the hamlets of Shardlow and Great Wilne, which form a united township and con stablery and maintain their own poor; it is about 3 m. in length and 2 m. in breadth, and the grand-trunk canal runs through the parish. The township of Aston contains 116 houses, 121 families and 552 inhabitants. Of the 121 families, 64 are chiefly employed in agriculture, 41 in trade or handicraft, and 16 on the grand-trunk canal or are living independent. The population is increasing ; the baptisms from 1 821 to 1828 inclusive, are 211 males, 222 females; burials, 89 males, 108 females, making an increase of 236 persons in 8 years. The township contains 1763 acres of excellent land, tithe free, about one-third of which is arable and two-thirds meadow and pasture : some is let for £3. an acre, but the average is about £2. per acre ; it is divided among eight proprietors, viz. : Edward Shuttleworth Holden, esq! the Earl of Harrington, Rev. N. P. Johnson, Rev. Joseph Sykes, of Newark, James Sutton, esq. Mr. Thomas and Mr. Joseph Botham, and Mr. Thomas Hickenbotham. The estimated annual value of all the buildings and land is £3310. 9s. 2d. The average parochial expenses of seven years for the poor, county rate and constables' accounts, amount to £280. 6s. 3d. per annum. This town ship is bounded on the S. by the Trent and Shardlow, on the W. by Weston, on the N. and N. E. by Elvaston and the Derwent. There is no endowed school in this village, but a school-house is provided by the rector for a day and Sunday-school for the whole of the poor children ; about forty of each sex are instructed therein, and they are supported by voluntary contributions. There are three male and one female friendly societies, a Wesleyan Methodist chapel, two lace-machines, a few stocking-frames, and two public houses in this township. In Mstune and Scerdelau there were six ox-gangs of land and a half to be taxed. There was one plough in the demesne, and four villanes and two bordars had one plough. and four acres of meadow. Uctebrand held it of tiie king. It was then worth 5s. In Estune, Levenot had two carucates of land to be taxed. Land to two ploughs. There were in the demesne three ploughs, and eight villanes and four bordars having two ploughs and twenty-four acres of meadow. Wood-pasture, half a mile long and half broad. Value in king Edward's time 60s. now iOs. Alcher held it. In Estune, Uctebrand liad one carucate of land and two ox-gangs, and hai f soke to be taxed, and. five acres of meadow, value in king Edward's time 6s. now 8s. In Estune, Tolfhad five ox-gangs and a half of land to be taxed. Land to one plough. There were two sokemen, and six villanes and one border, having three ploughs. There were two acres of meadow. Wood-pasture, seven quarentens long and four quarentens broad. Value in king Edward's time and now 20s. Lewin holds it under the king., The abbot of Chester held the whole of this village as the free gift of Ilrig, earl of Chester. By the charter of Robert de Ferrariis, jun. earl of Derby, two parts of die lordship and tithe of Aston were given to the Priory at Tutbury, in the county of Stafford. In 29 Edward I. Thomas de Cadurcis, alias Chaworth, held the village of Aston. In the reign of Richard II. the abbot of Dale had an estate here. In the time of Henry VII. Ralph Sacheverell died, and left an estate here to his grandson Henry. After the Reformation, the manor of Aston, as parcel of Weston cum mem- bris, was granted to Sir William Paget, and afterwards passed to the Ropers. About this period, Christopher Hunt, esq. died, and leit a capital messuage, and several others, to his son Thomas. In 2 Edward VI. Rowland Babingtqn, pf Derby, died, and left his son Francis an estate here. In 5 and 6 Philip and Mary, Sir Henry Sa cheverell died, and left his estate here to his son John. In 16 Elizabeth, Sir Rich ard Harpur, chief justice of the court of King's Bencli, died, and left his son John an estate here. In 35 Elizabeth, John Sacheverell died, and left his son Henry his estate here. In 1649, Robert Holden, esq. (who had previously purchased the capital mansion and estate which belonged to the ancient family of Hunts, formerly of Over ton in Ashover, and afterwards of Aston) purchased that part of Aston which had belonged to the Roper family. Robert Holden, esq. who died in 1746, left an only OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 59 daughter and heiress, who married James Shuttleworth, esq. whose fourth son, the late Rev. Charles Holden, on succeeding by bequest to the manor of Weston, &c. took the name of Holden. Mr. Holden also possessed the manor of Shardlow, pur chased of the Hunts. A market at Aston en Tuesday, and a fair for three days at the festival of St. Peter ad vinculo,, both long ago discontinued, were granted in the year 1256 to the abbot of Chester, who held the manor and church under the earl of Chester, and af terwards under the earls and dukes of Lancaster. The market cross still remains, and near to it the stocks are placed for the punish ment of offenders. The church, dedicated to All Saints, is an ancient gotijip Jmilfjing wjtfc a square tower. The roof is supported by round Saxon columns, a,nd the font is handsome. In 1393, it was appropriated to the abbey of St. Werburghs in Ches^Er. The Hving is a rectory, valued in the king's books at £29. 15$. and yearly tenths £2. 19s. 6d. There are now 450 acres of glebe land, and the great and small tithes of about 240 acres of land in Shardlow and Wilne township. The present value is estimated at £1350. per annum. The advowson has been vested in the Holden family more than a century. The Rev. N. P. Johnson is the present incumbent. . The gallery was erected by the company of proprietors of tiie navigation from the Trent to the Mersey, in 1788. Arms and Inscriptions in the Church. i Hie sepelitur corpus Edwardi Houlden, fratris Ro- berti Houlden de Aston, qui obiit septimo die Junii, A.D. 1653, aet. 49. Hie jacet Robert us films, Roberti Houlden de Aston generosi spe certa resurgendi in Christo S. E qui obiit, A. D. 1654, 4th Novembris, set. sua? 25. Hie jacet Robertus Houlden, de Aston, generosus bui obiitseternam in Chiistovitamanhelans quarto die Jauuarii, 1659, set 64. Here lyeth the body of Hannah Lathwell, wife to Edmund Lathwell, gent, late citizen of London, and mother to Mary Houlden, first wife of Samuel Houl den, esq. : died 7th February, 1687, aged 72. Here lyeth the body of Mary Houlden, daughter to Edmund Lathwell, citizen of London, and wife of Samuel Houlden, of Aston, esq. by whom he had issue one son and one daughter: which Mary died the 1st of August, 1668, aged 23 years. Juxta hunc inurura jacent exuviae Roberti Holden, juris consult! celeberrimii. Fuit in rebus expedien cy's sagax, integer et felix ideoque, in summo honore et araore apud omnes habitus. Uxorem duxit Eliza bethans Filiam Honoratissimi Domini, Domini Vice- comitis Tracey : Viduam Roberti Burdett, de Fore- mark, armigerii, Ex qua unieam suscepit filiam Ma- riam quam nuptam dedi t Jacobo Shuttleworth, de For- cett in agro Eboracensi Armigero: obiit septimo die mensis Junii, Anno Dom. 1746, aet. 70. Arms of Hol den, impaling those of his wife. Mary Shuttleworth, only dau. of Robert Holden, the counsellor and widow of James Shuttleworth, esq. late of Forcett in Yorkshire, she died 13th October, 1791, aged 73. The hon. Mary, wife of the Rev. Charles Shuttle- worth, died 2nd August, 1777# aged 30. Rosamond Amelia Holden, wife of the Rev. Charles Holden, died 11th August, 1820, aged 48; also Charles Cockburn Holden, son ofthe above, died 2nd March, 1817. aged 13. Elizabeth, wife of the Rev. Charles Holden, died August 7, 1795, aged 50. In memoria aetcmaerit Justus, Ps. 112. v. 6. Robertus IJorter Artium M agister collegii Omni um Animarum in academia Oxoniensi quondam socius, rector hujus ecclesiae pater Johannis Porter, artium magister in eadern academia nunc rectoris; necnon Joanna, uxor Margareta mater ejusdem Roberti et Margareta uxor Johannis Robertus et alter Rober tus, Fratres, Hannah, Soror, Ac Joanpa, Joanna et Sarah Porter filiae Johannis qui hoc memoriale posuit, A. D. 1635. In hoc sacrario sepeliuntur. Arms of Porter, three bells, stringed. Proper. Under an arch on the north side ot the chancel, is an altar-tomb of alabaster, enriched with figures in bas- relief, of angels holding shields of arms: that at the head of the monument has a chevron engrailed, be tween three escallop shells, impaling, a chevron be tween three crescents. On fhe tomb is the effigies of a man in a round cap and gown, haying a dog at his feet ; with his left liand holding the right hand of a fe male, who is represented in a long gown, with a dog at her fee£. Prbp'e sepeliuntur cqrpora ThomaB Hunt generosi et Alicise uxoris ejus, Roberti Hunt filii et heredis Thomae et Alicise',' una cum Catherina uxore Roberti qui pro sobole habuerunt Johannem Hunt, generosi, qui matrimoniah fcedore conjunctus efat Annse filiae Johannis Kime generosi Nottingham] ; et iste Johan nis Hunt ista insignia posuit in futuri temporisme- moriam, 1625. Arms, a chevron, engrailed, between three escallop shell. Prope sepelitur corpus Johannis Sale, Fratris Wil- lielmi Sale, rectoris hujus ecclesias qui extremum diem clausit quinto die mensis Julii, A. D. 1572. Leonard Fosbrooke, of Shardlow, gent, died 96th August, 1762, aged 67: Penelope, his wife, died 26th November, 1769, aged 71 . Leonard Fosbrooke, of Shardlow, gent, died 9th March, 1719, aged 51. Susannah, his wife, died 9th November, 1738, aged 66. Another flagstone records the deaths of several of this family. Joseph Walker, esq. djed 7th June, 1801, aged 75; Elizabeth, his wife, nied 27th May, 1823, aged 59. Robert Cowper, of Aston, died 3rd December, 1680, aged 75. Charities. Cooper Elizabeth.. Cowper Robert Mather Samuel .. Percival Joseph.... Shepherd Richard Lands at Aston 2 10 0 Rent charge ... 0 5 0 7 0 0 Interest, £100. Old supposed to South Sea An be £90. in nuities arrears in 1826- Rent charge ... 0 12 0 Poor Poor Poor Poor 2 pqor children Will, 16th Oct. 1728. Will, 10th Sept. 1720. Will, 1706. Will proved Oct. 1715. 60 HISTOBY AND GAZETTEER The latter rent charge has not been received for upwards of forty years. The estate charged therewith is sup. iwsed to be at Chellaston, and was, at the period when the last payment was made, in the possession of Mr,. Bayley and Mrs. Hardinge. It now beloncs to Mr.' T. Brown Dummelow, of Clullaston, but there does not ap pear sufficient evidence to prove that this is the estate liable thereto. Commit. Report. Pedigree ofthe Family of HOLDEN, of Aston. ARMS. Sable, a fesse engrailed, erminois, Or, between two chevrons, Ermine. CREST. A Moor Cock rising, Sable, winged, Or. Edward Holden, esq. of Wilne. = Robert Holden, of Aston, = esq. obt. 4th Jan. 1659 Kt. 64. &&*:$$!!*;$; Edward Holden, obt. 17th . June, 1653, aet. 49. Robert. J^|b RobertHolden, obt. 4th Nov. 1654, set. 25. Mary, dau. «=* Samuel H of Edmund Lathwell, citizen of London, obt. Aug. 1668, aet. 23. of Aston, esq. obt. Aug. 1692, bur. at Aston. =¦ ... dau. of !ohn. Edward. Robert Hoi- ' den, of Aston, esq. barrister at law, only son and heir of 1st ux. died June 17, 1746, uet. 70. ' Elizabeth, dau. of William, Lord Vis count Tra- cey, widow of Robert Burdett, Mary, Rev. Thomas *= Elizabeth, eldest dau. and co-heir of Gilbert Millington, of Felly Priory, co. Nott. esq. obt. 18th Nov. 1711. ux. of Holden, rec tor of Aston, Rolles- obt. 26th ton, of June, 1726, Wat- aged 48. nail, CO. Nott. esq. Alexander, Holden, of of Newark, esq. died 1769, = Mary, only child of Ro bert and Mary Atkin son, mar. April 13th, ,1721, obt. 12th Nov. 1745. Millington Holden, of Felly = Sarah, ux. of Priory, esq. ancestor of Robert Henry Thorn- Holden, of Nuttall, Notts, esq. hill, esq. I Mary, only dau. and heiress, marriage settlement 12th and 13th May, 1742, with a fortune of £20,000. died Oct. 13th, 1791, aet. 73. James Shuttleworth, of Forcett, co. York, esq. Will dated 14th March, 1773; codicil 21st June, 1773; died Aug. 1773. Robert H. of Darley Abbey, esq. which he devised to his relation, the present Robert H. esq. of Nuttall Temple, born 25th July, 1722. Atkinson Holden, obt. infant. Mary, born 16th Dec. 1724, died aged 21, unmarried. Alexander Atkinson H. born Nov. 4, 1726, obt. 1769, at Darley Abbey. Robert Shut- = Anne, dau. of tleworth, of Barton, co. Lancaster, esq. Major-Gen. Thomas De- saguliers : mar. settlem. May 13, 14, 1776. James Holden, of Aston, William esq. mar. Elizabeth Con- 3rd son. stance, dau. of Anthony Stevenson, of Derby, gent. (now wife of N. G. Clarke, esq of Handsworth, co. Warwick.) He obt. S. P. before 1791. James Shuttle- worth, of Bar ton, esq. = Widow of s Blake, and dau. of Roper. . dau. Robert = Jennet, of Shuttle- Lloyd, worth, of Gawthorpe, Barrister at Law, dead. dau. of Sir Wm. Majori- banks, bart. Anne, mar. Richard Streatfield, esq. 2ndly, Prime, esq. Emma, mar. Robert, only son. Several daughters* Jennet, only child. mar. 2nd James West Fred. esq. North, Elizabeth. esq. Caroline, mar. Rich. Hurt of Wirksworth, esq, Rev. Charles * Shuttleworth Holden, of Aston, mar. 1st the Hon. Mary Cock burn, had one son, obt. in fant. She died 2nd Aug. 1777, aged 50: 2ndiy, Elizabeth, dau. of Whit- more, who died S.P. Aug. 7th, 1795, aged 50. He took the name of Holden, in 1791, and died at Oxford, 19th Dec 1821. Rosamond Amelia Dean, obt. 11th August, 1820, set. 48. Mary, mar- Sir Charles Turner, of Kirk Lea- tham, co. York, bart. and 2ndly Sir Thomas Gascoyne, bart. Elizabeth, mar. Francis Hurt, of Alderwasley, Co. Derby, esq. living a widow at Derby, 1829. Charles, Cockburn, obt. Mar. 2, 1817, set. 13. Edward Shut tleworth Hol den, of Aston, esq. born 2nd Aug. 1805. James Richard, Sophia- Antonia-Henrietta, born Jan. 1807, Elizabeth mar- William in holy orders. Rosamond. Leigh Clowes, esq. and has issue. ! Ml,. Emma, Theresa-Amelia. mar. Capt. Isabella-Clara. Boates. Rosamond-Adeline OP THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 61 Aston hall, the seat of Edward Shuttleworth Holden, esq. is a large square mansion of brick, with two principal fronts. The south front overlooks a beautiful lawn, and the rich vale of the Trent, and Donington park woods : the approach from the village is through an avenue of chestnut trees, which leads to the west front. The heiress of the elder branch of the Holden family married James Shuttleworth, esq. whose second son took the name and arms of Holden ; but he dying without issue, his next surviving brother, the Rev. Charles Shuttleworth, took the name and arms of Holden in 1791 ; and his second, but eldest surviving son, by his third wife, is the present possessor of the estate here, and is also lord of the manors of Shardlow and Weston-upon-Trent. Robert Holden, esq. was an eminent barrister ; he flourished in the beginning of the last century, and, according to tradition, was successful in every cause he advocated. Aston lodge, a genteel residence and a good estate, late the property of Hul- bert, esq. was purchased of his executors by James Sutton, of Shardlow, esq. It is now occupied by William Drury Holden, esq. eldest son of Robert Holden, esq. of Nuttall Temple, Nottinghamshire. From this place was ejected Mr. Thomas Palmer. He had been minister of St. Lawrence Putney church in London, whence he removed to this place. He was ejected soon after the Restoration, to make room for a Mr. Clarke, a sequestrated cler gyman. About July, 1663, he was imprisoned at Nottingham. Before the restora tion he published a small piece, intituled " A Little Map of the Old World, with a Map of Monarchy and Epitome of Papacy." He appears to have been a violent enemy to Charles I. Aston, a small village in the parish of Sudbury. ASTON and THORNTON, 1 m. N. E. of Hope, a village and hamlet in the constablery and parish of Hope, in the hundred of High Peak, contains 22 houses, 22. families, and 74 inhabitants. Of the 22 families, 11 are employed in agriculture and 11 in trade or handicraft. This hamlet consists of about 630 acres of gritstone land, the higher part weak and barren and the low land fertile. It is neither flat nor very hilly. The river Noe runs down by the S. side of the hamlet from W. to E. The land is divided among several small proprietors. The tithes belong to the vicar of Hope, and the estimated annual rental of all the buildings and land is £11 94. 15s. lOd. An ancient hall, built by the family of Balguy, at this place, is now the property of Mr. Nodder of Ashover, who is lord of the manor. Aston Cold, see Cold Aston. Astwith, a small village in Hault Hucknall parish. ATLOW, a village, township, parochial chapelry and constablery in the parish of Etelawe, Bradburne, lies about 3 m. E. of Ashbourn, in the hundred of Appletree and deanery of Ashbourn. This township contains 34 houses, 34 families and 197 inhabitants, who are chiefly employed in agriculture. There are 1300 acres of land, of middling quaUty, in this township, consisting of 5 acres of wood, 180 acres of arable, 300 acres of meadow, and the remainder pas ture ; the land is well watered by a brook and plenty of excellent springs. The tithes are rented by the occupiers. The estimated annual value of all the buildings and land is £ 1589. Is. The principal proprietors are H. F. Okeover, esq. whose estate here (including the charity land) is 900 acres, Mr. John Wright (who owns a large farm) Mr. Samuel Bunting, &c. The whole parochial expenses, taking an average of seven years, amount to £139. 13.?. 5d. per annum. There are two corn-mills and three lace-frames, one Primitive Methodist chapel and one Sunday-school, supported by voluntary contributions, in the township. In Etelawe, Eleuric liad three carucates of land to be taxed. Land to two ploughs. There are four acres of meadow. Wood-pasture half a mile long and three quarentens broad. Coppice-wood, the same, value in king Edward's time 20s. now 2s. D. B. 301. The manor of Atlow was held under Henry de Ferrers or his immediate heirs, by the ancestor of the ancient family of Okeover, of Okeover hall, in which family it still remains, and Houghton Farmer Okeover, esq. is the present owner thereof. The chapel is a plain humble structure in the archdeaconry of Derby. The living is a vicarage in the gift of H. F. Okeover, esq. whose ancestors have augmented the 62 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER living. Rowland Okeover, esq. in 1716, gave the tithes of hay and corn, and sub scribed £500. : and it was the first benefice in Derbyshire that received £400. from the royal bounty. The clear value of the living is entered in the king's books at £18. ; it is now worth about £120. per annum. The Rev. R. E. Atkins is the present incumbent. amount of £600. weTe vested in a purchase of lands, lying in the liberty of Sturston and parish of Ash bourn, bearing from the turnpike road near Spittle hill to the north-east, and consisting of sixteen acres. The same year were also erected the singing-loft, new desk and pulpit, and many other improvements and ornaments added to the chapel of Atlow. W. Wilson, curate. The late perpetual curate of Atlow, the Rev. John Lowe, was buried July 20, 1803. PARISH REGISTERS. The earliest register is a small quarto parchment book, beginning— *' A register of births, marriages and burials, in the parish of Atlow, in the county of Derby, from the year 1685, truly extracted from an old and ruinous paper register by W. Wilson, curate, 1762." In another place : "In the year 1761, the queen's bounty and the benefaction of the late Rowland Okeover, esq. to the Charities. Gisborne, Rev. Francis •Okeover Rowland Okeover Mercy Spencer Mary fl79a. 2r. 39 p. \ & £600. money £5 0 0 5 0 0 5 10 0 164 10 0 30 0 0 0 5 0 0 5 0 Poor Clergyman's widows \ and Poor / Ditto 1 Ditto Deed 1817, Will 1818. Deed 23rd October, 1727. In 1741. In 1742. * The townships of Atlow and Mappleton, co. Derby, Okeover, Woodhouses and Swinscoe, co. Stafford, are entitled to partake of Rowland Okeover's charity. It is now distributed as follows, viz. : £90. to the widows of three clergymen, residing in three dwelling-houses at Mappleton, each of whom receives £30. per annum; £40. is laid out in clothes, and distributed among twelve poor girls and boys ; £20. per annum is paid to Mr. Robin. son, the receiver of the rents, &c. for his trouble ; and a premium of £5. is allowed to such of the children as apply to be apprenticed. Pedigree ofthe ancient family of OKEOVER, of Atlow, Okeover, Oldbury, &;c. ARMS. Quarterly, 1st and 4th, Ermine, on a chief, Gules, 3 bezants, Or. 2nd party, per pale, indented, Argent and Sable. (Atloe, of Derbyshire) 3rd Vert, abend, lozenge, Ar- gent (Gryn, of Derby.) CREST. Asemiwivern, Ermine, langued, Gules, issuing out of a coronet. Or. Orme, lord of Acover and Stretton, from about 1100 to 1111 =- I Ralph de Acovre held the same about 1130. = Hugh de Acover, lord of Acover and Stretton, from 1178 to 1213. = Galfrid de Acover. =» Matilda. | Ralph de Acover. tl i Sir Hugh de Acover, knt. Sir Robert de Ocover, knt. ¦=¦ I John de Ocover, knt. = Robert de Acovre, quit = claims to Robert, Abbot l of Burton, all demands. William de Acovre sold lands in Stretton, about 1276, to John de Stafford, alias Stretton. Sir Roger de Ocover, knt. Sir Thomas de Ocover, knt. = Sir Thomas de Ocover, knt. = Sir Philip de Ocover, knt = OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 63 Thomas de Okeover. Thomas de Okeover obt. seised of Atlow, Mappleton, <&c. after 39 Henry VI. about 1460. -¦ Thomasine, daughter of Ralph Basset, = Philip Okeover, esq. son of Thomas, and grandson and heir of of Blore. See Nichols's Leicestershire, Vol. 2, Part 2, page 532. Thomas, a?t. 30. et amplius 38 Henry VI. Sheriff of Derbyshire and Nottinghamshire, 5 and 14 Edward IV. ; living 20 Edward IV. Vide a deed of lord Leicester, obt. 1482. Elizabeth, married to Ralph Burton, esq. ancestor of the celebrated Historian, in 1478. Ralph Okeover, esq. son and heir apparent, = Agnes, daughter of 20 Edward IV. obt. 9th October, 1494, buried John Bradburne. at Doveridge. Isabel. = Humphrey Okeover, son and heir apparent, 20 Edw. IV. obt. 25th April, 30 Henry VIII. > Catherine, dau. of Sir Robert Aston, of Tixall, co. Staff, knt. obt. 1548. Ralph. John. I I William. Roger. Robert. Nicholas Philip = Elizabeth Thomas. Okeover, Okeover, " of Sturs- esq. obt. ton, co. ant. Derby. pair. Jane, mar. John Pole, 6th dau. of of Hartington, co. Thomas Derby, esq. obt. 3rd Babington, February, 1524. of Dethick, Elizabeth, mar. Philip co. Derby. Leech, esq. of Chats- worth, co- Derby. Margaret, mar. John Parker, of Norton Lees, co. Derby. Mary.Dorothy. Maud, dau. = of Sir Wil liam Basset, of Blore and Langley, knt. Ralph Okeover, = Catherine, grandson and heir, aet. 16, 30 Henry VIII. obt. 3 Elizabeth. Ellen, dau. and co-heiress, mar. 1st, J no. Taylor, of Burton upon Trent, gent. ; 2ndly , Richard Endesore, of Pagers Bromley, co. Stafford ; had by J. Taylor a dau. and heir, Maud, obt. S. P. Elizabeth, dau. and mar. John co-heiress of Dethick, Sir John esq. of Dunham, of Breadsall, Kirlington, co. Derby. co. Notting ham, knt. re-married Henry Leigh, of Rushall, co. Stafford. dau. of William Dethick, esq. of Newhall, co. Derby, and widow of Thomas Findenie, of Fin- derne, esq. Eliz. dau. and Isabel, Thomas Cokaine, =¦ Jane, == co-heiress, mar. young- esq. 2nd son of dau. Nicholas Long- est dau. Sir Thomas Co- and ford, of Long- and co- kaine, of Ash- heir. ford, co. Derby, heiress, bourn, knt. mar. esq. obt. S. P. set. 7, 3rd November, 13 Eliza- 1579. beth. Margaret, = Philip Rowland Oke-" Okeover, over, brother brother and heir and heir of Philip, of Ralph. Sibil, . dau. of Henry White, of Bristol. Ann Need- ham, widow, who after wards mar. Sir Oliver Cheney. Dorothy, dau. and co-heiress, married Hum phrey Wells, of Horeoross, co. Stafford. Faith, dau. and co-heiress, ast. 14, 13 Elizabeth. Anne, = Sir John Cooper, I created bart. 1622, | ancestor of the earls -*- of Shaftsbury. Sir Anthony Eliza- Susan. Ashley, of beth, mar. Winborn, mar. John St. Giles Taylor, co. Dorset, I vet, and knt. and bart. and left secretary of left issue. war in the issue. reign of Queen Elizabeth. Ralph Okeover, obt. = Dorothy, dau. S. P. in the life time of Richard of his father. Bagot, of Blith field, co. Staf ford, esq. Humphrey Oke over, esq. son and heir, Sheriff of Derby shire, 1631. Martha, Elizabeth, mar. dau. of Edward Phil- Sir Oliver lips, of London, Cheney. apothecary. Susan, mar. Thomas Franklin, of London, goldsmith. Sarah, S.P. Sir Rowland Okeover, knt eldest son and heir, bora 1624, obt. 1692. Mercy, dau. Thomas = Lettuce, Humphrey Ralph <= Constance, Catharine, Mary, of Edward Okeover, dau. of Okeover, Oke- dau. of mar. Sir married Goodyere, esq. Thomas born 1631. over, Roger Hurt, Robert Thomas of Hey- Corbin, of gent. esq. of Cas- Shirley, Rudyerd, thorpe, co. Corbin's tern, and widow she died esq. Oxon, esq. hall, co. of John Port, 1672. Elizabeth. Stafford. of Ham. Martha. 64 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER Humphrey Rowland Oke- = Elizabeth, Henry Elizabeth Martha. Mercy, mar „. ~ ' . _. , ¦___ ^i_. : I ri„tl... William Okeover, over, esq. and born eldest survi ving son and heir, born 1651, obt. 1729-30. 1648, obt, S.P. , only dau. Oke- and heiress over, of Sir living, Thomas 1699. Pettus, bart. of Rack-heath, co. Norfolk, buried 1705. Elizabeth, -¦ dau. of John Farmer, of married Catha- William Wolstan rine. Trafford, Adderley, esq. of esq. Swithamley, Oldbury, in the parish co. War- of Leek, wick, esq. co. Stafford, obt. 1703. born 10th May, 1654. 1 Thomas Okeover, of Tilney St. Law rence, in Norfolk, obt. esq. 1 0th Aug. 1657. Thomas — Catharine, only Okeover, esq. of Okeover hall, el dest son and heir, born 1679. dau. and heir of William Leek, of Wimeswold, co- Leicester, and a Baron of the Ex chequer, 1685, bur. 1713. Robert, obt infant. Elizabeth, dead. Dorothy, died young. Dorothy, mar. Edw. Farmer, esq. of Patience, dau. of Matthew Farmer, of Harsh ill, Atherston, obt. 1731, obt. 25th ffit.38, July, 1741, S. P. art. 26. 1 i Villia William Okeover, esq. Barrister at Law, obt. 1748, S. P. Leake Okeover, esq. eldest son and heir, born 1701; obt 31st Jan. 1765, aged 63. He beautified and repaired Okeover church, 1760. Married Mary, dau. of John Nicol, esq. obt. 30th January, 1764, aged 63, S. P. I ¦ Rowland Oke over, of Old- bury, co. War wick, esq. obt. 11th February, 1764, aet 64; will dated 29th Jan. 1759 ; and codicil, 16th Dec. 1760. = Alice, dau. Mary. of John Catha- Gregory, citizen and merchant, of London. ret,S\P. rine. Martha. Elizabeth, born 1703, Leake Farmer mar. 1st, Thomas Okeover, obt. Hollinshead, esq. ; lfith June, 2nd, Higginbotham ; 1741, aat. 5, 3rd, Yeomans; she S. P« died S.P. in 1774. Patience, o*bt. 1st March, 1740, infans. Catharine, born 1705. Edward Wilson, of Can nock, co. Stafford, Bridget, dau. of ¦= James Haughton Langston, of Bed ford Square, Middlesex, and sister to John Langston, esq. banker in London, buried, 1784. Rowland Farmer Okeover, esq. only surviving son and heir, born 30th Nov. 1745, obt. 3rd Jan. 1795, (et. 49. Thomas. = Judith, dau. of Wm. Robinson, of Hill-Ridware, co. Staff, gent. and widow of Jno. Holden, esq.; 3rdly, mar. John Heyliger Burt, esq. 1796. Catharine Wilson. = Moreton Walhouse, Of Hather- ton, co. Stafford, Frances, only sister of Sir Edward Littleton, bart M. P. Rowland, Haughton Farmer Okeover, died at esq. born 7th September, Eton 1770; was high sheriff of school, Staffordshire in 1800: he 16th Nov. succeeded- Edward Walhouse 1792. Okeover, and is the present owner of Okeover, Oldbury, &c. &c. Rev. Charles Gregory Oke over, born 11th May, 1792, obt. 1826. =* Mary Ann, dau. of col. Sir George Anson, uncle ofthe present lord Anson. : Margaret, sole dau. and heir of William Bowycr, of Snelson, esq. she re married Rev. Thomas Langley. Moreton Walhouse, of Harlaston, esq. Two other sons and three daughters. Charles Mary Ann Haughton Okeover. Okeover. Edward Walhouse Okeover, esq. took = the surname and arms of Okeover, pursuant to the will of Leake Oke over, esq. to whom he was immediate possessor, obt. 30th June, 1793, aged 41. S. P. The Okeover family have been lords of Okeover, in Staffordshire, on the borders of this county, for upwards of 700 years, from which place Ormas took his surname, soon after the conquest ; and there his descendants have had their principal seat ever since. The Okeovers are also lords of Atlow, and have had an estate in Mappleton, in this county, upwards of six centuries. We find Philip de Okeover a representative for the county of Derby, in the 5th and 15th parliament, held at Westminster, temp. Richard II. ; and Thomas de Oke over, 9th parliament, held at Gloucester, temp. Henry IV. : and 8th and 9th parlia ment, held at Westminster, temp. Henry V. Sir Philip Okeover, knt. was high- sheriff for the counties of Derby and Nottingham in 1465, and Philip Okeover, esq. in 1474. Humphrey Okeover, of Okeover, esq. was sheriff for the county of Derby in 1631 ; and Haughton Farmer Okeover, esq. was sherifffor the county of Stafford in 1800. Rowland Okeover, esq. was a considerable benefactor. The celebrated Lord Shaftesbury descended from this family by a female branch. ¦» CO3 1^ ^; OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 65 Ault Hucknall, see Hault Hucknall. Bagthorpe, in Brampton township. BAKEWELL. The antiquity of the town of Bakewell may be traced to a very BBRS!i"ii!?n' early period. It is first mentioned in history shortly after the BauqueUe.' termination of the heptarchy. The parish of which this town is the head is extensive and populous, but the town itself is not large. It stands in the hundred of High Peak, and is delightfully situate on the western bank of the Wye. It is 12 m. W. of Chesterfield; 12 m. S. of Buxton; 16 m, S. W. of Sheffield; 10 m. N. of Matlock; 12 m. N. of Wirksworth; 26 m. N. of Derby, and 152 m. N. N. W. of London. The parish of -Bakewell comprises nine parochial chapelries, and fourteen town ships. In the following enumeration, the population is stated according to the par liamentary returns of 1801, 1811, and 1821. The acreage and the estimated annual rental of the buildings and land in each township are given with accuracy, from docu ments collected by the publisher, in the following list. BAKEWELL PARISH. Ashford chapelry Bakewell vicarage Baslow chapelry Becley chapelry Blackwell, in the chap, of Taddington Brushfield township Bubnell township Buxton chapelry, part of. Calver township Chelmorton chapelry , Curbar township Flagg township Froggatt township Haddon, Over, township .—, Nether, extra parochial Harthill township Hassop township .... Longstone, Great, and Holme chapelry Longstone, Little, township Monyash chapelry Rowland township Rowsley, Great, township Sheldon chapelry Taddington and Priesteliff chapelry Wardlow, part of POPULATION. 1801. Persons, 678 1112 817268 44 760494201 1S8 101113 204 40 113 389 1:52 330 101 218 127 284 1811. Persons, 7084 624 148.5 934 555 245 364 168 102 238 54 144 489142 316 117 199 125 515 Houses. 52 3.57 165 54 7 18 184 115 48 6547 1821. Families. 8059 | 1613 52 386 176 55 7 19 188 121 507149 255610 30 96 34 78 23 42 32 95 Persons, Acreage. 223 1782 872 350 40 96 1036 604262 392 220 179 266 60 128 442 145 381109238143463 2562J 5202J1102| 660J 24031726$ 1202 1800 248 1349J11480 / 904 28261107 Estimated Annual Rental. 5.53 1060J 2800 '3175 11 2 6582 11 8 1961 10 10 882 10 0 396 10 0 1223 5 10 5810 4 2 822 0 0 1772 19 2 620 18 0 1475 10 0 234 16 8 5011 12 6 1457 0 0 2574 16 0 777 5 10 2388 0 0 483 18 0 1202 18 0 807 6 8 2706 10 10 "|42;367 15 4 Villages and places in the parish of Bakewell, not included in the above list. Alport, part of; Calton ; Clodhall farm ; Cowdale; Harwood Grange ; Kings Stern- dale ; Monsal Dale ; One Ash ; Ox Close ; Shacklow ; Sherbrook ; and Staden. Of the 1695 families 662 are chiefly employed in agriculture, 590 in trade or handi craft, and 443 in mining, limestone getting and burning, in gentlemen's service, pro fessional pursuits, or are living independent. Bakewell is a market-town, a township, a constablery, and parish, and is esteemed to be the chief town of the High Peak hundred, and in the archdeaconry of Derby. The population consists of about 1900 inhabitants, .residing in about 360 houses. Of this population there are 54 families employed at Messrs. Arkwrights' cotton factory; 37 individuals are shoemakers; 18 blacksmiths; 21 joiners and cabinet makers; 9 carpenters; 12 are employed at the marble works ; and the rest are chiefly engaged in agriculture, mining, chertstone getting, of which large quantities are sent to the Staffordshire potteries, professional pursuits, or are living independent. The market-day is held on Friday, and a fat-cattle market every Monday fort night. The market-place is one of the most complete in the county. The following fairs are held, for horses, cattle, &c. on Easter-Monday, Whit-Monday, 26th of August, the first Monday after the 20th of October, and the 11th of November. The basis of the land, which consists of 2992 acres, is limestone. The quality is QQ HISTORY AND GAZETTEER good, and about 200 acres is planted : one-fourth of the remainder is arable, and there are nearly 2100 acres of meadow land and pasture. The average rental per acre is about 35*. The farms are not large ; none of them exceeding 300 acres. The average annual amount of the poors' rate is £520. That of the county rates amount to £134. The constables' accounts amount to £30. Salaries £10. Mole-catcher £10. Tradesmen's bills £28. The whole parochial expenses amounting to about £850. per annum. The paupers are generally maintained at their respective abodes, except a few that are sent to the House of Industry at Chapel-en-le- Frith : the pauper children are apprenticed to trades. Between the aritstone and limestone strata which surround the town, and constitute much of the subsoil of the parish, there is a deep bed of shale, which, being of an argillaceous nature and retentive of moisture, forms excellent pasture land. The whole extent of the parish is in length from N. W. to S. E. more than twenty miles, and its average breadth exceeds eight. The commons about Bakewell and Over Haddon were formerly one continued dreary waste, but now they present a scene of enclosures interspersed very tastefully with wide spreading plantations, belonging to the Duke of Rutland. Here we behold a smiling change of scene, Where earth-born russet yields to lively green ; Rich pastures rise where deserts spread before, And barren wastes recruit the less'ning store. The township of Bakewell is divided among 53 resident, and 17 non-resident free holders. The Duke of Rutland is the largest proprietor, and, as lord of the manor, holds a court annually in the town. Petty sessions are also held on the first and third Fridays of every month, by the county magistrates in the neighbourhood. There are two chapels ; one belonging to the Wesleyan Methodists, and the other to the Independents. There are three Sunday schools, supported by voluntary con tribution, in which about 300 children of both sexes are instructed. Of Friendly Societies there are two for men and one for women, they consist altogether of 450 members. In the township there are eight public houses; and one, if not two, county bridges. The houses are built of a fine gritstone, obtained in the neighbour hood. The marble-quarries in the neighbourhood, belonging to the duke of Rutland, produce blocks of the finest quality, which are here sawn and polished for various uses. Under the munificent care of the present illustrious possessor, the town of Bake- well has been greatly improved. A large bath has been erected over one of the chalybeate springs, of which there are several in the town and neighbourhood. It is elegant and commodious, and has become the resort of numerous visitors. The permission to fish in the beautiful and romantic river Wye, which flows past the western skirts of the town, is generously granted by his Grace of Rutland to the fre quenters of the bath and the neighbouring inn, now kept by Mr. and Mrs. Greaves. The ancient bath, from which the town derives its name, and which is supposed to have been in use. and to have obtained celebrity during a long period previously to the time of Edward the Elder, is now in the possession of the ingenious and intelli gent Mr. White Watson, F. L. S. a gentleman highly distinguished for his geological researches, and whose collection* of fossils attracts many visitors from Matlock and Buxton. * This rich and scientific collection merits particular attention. It is distributed into three classes. 1. The productions of Derbyshire only, containing 1350 specimens of rocks, ores, crystallizations, petrifac tions. &c. 2. Specimens of most of the known species of fossils, properly arranged and described after Werner. 3. Specimens of those minerals only which are employed in the arts and manufactures. The following curious relics of antiquity are also in the possession of Mr. White Watson, with many others: 1. A basaltic head of an axe, found a few years since ou Stanton moor. x 2. A basaltic celt, discovered near Haddon-hall, in November 1795. 3. An entire urn of baked earth, found in a barrow on Stanton moor, July 15, 1799, full of burnt bones. 4. A small lamp, found in another urn, about the same time and place ; with the heads of a spear and arrow, of flint, which were among the burnt bones contained in the urn. 5. A glass vessel, neatly ornamented and hermetically sealed, supposed to be a lachrymatory : this was found beneath a heap of stones near Haddon-hall, in 1801. 6. A square tile, on which the letters of the alphabet ore impressed in Saxon characters. OE THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 67 The waters of Bakewell were certainly known to the Romans. The Saxon name, Bathecanwell, is derived from the baths. The tepid chalybeate spring does not ex ceed 59 or 60°. The water, which was analyzed by the late C. Sylvester, is recom mended as a tonic, and as a bath, for chronic rheumatism. A large bathing house was erected over this spring in 1697. It has been rebuilt by the command of the Duke of Rutland. Two shower-baths of different powers have been added, and a news room has been estabhshed on the same premises. The water of this spring was found to contain, in 10 quarts, wine measure, 75 grains of crystallized sulphate of lime, 20 grains super-earbonate of lime, 22 grains crystallized sulphate of magnesia, 1'6 grain muriate, of magnesia, 3-l grains super-carbonate of iron ; in all 121-7 grains. The other spring at Bakewell has been found to contain in 60 quarts, 13 cubic inches of sul phurated hydrogen, but a complete analysis has not yet, we believe, been effected. The temperature is the, same as common water, and its medicinal quahties resemble those of the spring at Kedleston. The town-hall is an obscure building. It was erected in 1709. Near the town- hall are six alms-houses for six bachelors or sole-men (single men, widowers, or bachelors). These were endowed by the Manners, with estates in Wensley and Darley, besides a rent charge in the county of Nottingham. There is a cotton manufactory at Bakewell, situate near the entrance of the town from Ashford, at which are employed between three and four hundred hands, besides mechanics. It belongs to Robert and Peter Arkwright, esqrs. Among the records that have been kept at. Derby, of the important and interesting events which have taken place there, is a memorandum, that in the year 1608, the witches of Bakewell were hanged. The High Peak savings' bank is open every Monday to receive deposits. In Badequelle, with eight berewicks, king Edward had three caracutes of land to he taxed. Land to eighteen ploughs, and thirty-three villanes and nine bordars. There are two priests and a church, and under them two villanes and five bordars ; all these having eleven ploughs. There is one knight having sixteen acres of land, and one lead mine, and eighty acres of meadow. Coppice wood one niile long and one broad. Three carucates of that land belong to the church. Henry de Ferrieres claims one carucate in Hadune. These are berewicks of this manor ; Hadune, Holun, Reus- leye, Bertun, Cranchesberie, Aneise, Mancis, and Haduna. D. B. 394. In the Test, de Neville, p. 17, there is a passage, mentioning Bakewell, which may be thus translated : " The town of Bakewell is in the donation of our Lord the King ; and Ralph Gernun holds it by the gift of king Richard, and it is worth, per annum, £16," \ From the Calend. Inquis. Post Mort. it appears that, in the time of Edward I. William de Gernun held Bakewell as a feofiement of the honour of Peverell, of Not tingham. That Bakewell was a place, of repute at a very ancient period there pan be little doubt, and, accordingly we find, that it was one of the positions chosen by Edward the Elder for a military post to overawe the disaffected Mercians, who reluctantly submitted to the throne of Wessex, and among whom even the Danes appear to have had many partisans. It was after Edward had deprived EJvina, the daughter of his heroic sister Ethelfleda, of the Mercian government, that he fortified Nottingham, and marched from that town to Bakewell, near to which he raised extensive ramparts,* the mounds of which can be traced at present, in Hhe neighbouring meadows, one * On the right hand of the bridlp-road from Bakewell to Chatsworth, there is a square, plot in a pasture, with a tumulus in it. which is hollow at the top, with a few thorns growing on its sides. This was part of the ram part built by Edward the Elder, A. D. 924, which was of great; extent as appears by foundations occasionally discovered, but there is not a stone of ii to be seen. This tumulus is called Castle-hill, and near it was recently found a copper-bolt-head, covered with green rust. This isjmagincd to have been an instrument discharged from some engine — The passage in the Saxon Chronicles, merely states that Edward t,he Elder, after fortifying Nottingham, " marched into Peak-land, to Badepanwyllan (the bathing-^eU) and commanded a town to be built in its neighbourhood, and to be strengthened by a garrison." — From this w.e might conclude, that there were only a few buildings previously about the bathing-well ; and that the town bad its origin in this command of Edward. The supposition of Marianus Scotus and others, that C'astleton was the town alluded to, is a very vague conjecture. * 68 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER of which is called Castle- Field, and others are named Warden-Field, Court- Yard, and Garlands Close, and made it the seat of jurisdiction for the High Peak hundred. This domain formed part of the territory bestowed by William the Conqueror, on his natural son William de Peverell, whose immediate descendant gave two parts of the tithe of the demesne of Bakewell to the monastery of Lenton, in Nottinghamshire. In 1 Edward II. Robert Joice of Burton left fourteen messuages and fourteen vir- gates of land to his son Richard, and his male heirs. This mandr afterwards passed to the Gernons, of Essex. In the year 1330, a claim was made by John Gemon to hold a market at Bakewell every Monday ; and it was then acknowledged that the right of holding a fair on the eve or vigil of Sts. Philip and James had been granted to William de Gemon nearly a hundred years before. The Gernons originally obtained possession of Bakewell as a donation from king John ; the estates of the Peverells having been previously forfeited. Sir John Ger- non, who died in 1383, left heiresses, who married Botetourt and Peyton. The manor then passed by means of females into various families, and, in 1502, we find it in possession, by purchase, of Sir Henry Vernon. This Sir Henry was governor of Prince Arthur, son of Henry VII. who is said to have resided with him at Haddon. The Gernons had a hall or castle on the border of the moors, called Moor Hall. His Grace the Duke of Rutland is the present proprietor of Bakewell. The church at Bakewell is chiefly of gothic architecture, and is built in the form of a cross. The octangular tower, crowned with a lofty spire, was long admired as an interesting object ; but, as the structure was supposed to have become insecure, this portion of the building was taken down in the year 1826. Three different styles of building, distinctly exhibiting the architecture of different periods. The western part of the nave is plain Saxon, but at the west end there is an arch highly enriched with Saxon ornaments. All this portion of the edifice was probably erected before the Norman conquest; the remainder of the church seems to have been the work ofthe fifteenth century, with the exception of the pillars that support the tower, which are evidently older than that period, though not so ancient as the west end of the nave. OF THE COUNTY OP DERBY. 69 On the south side of the chancel there are three stone stalls, and a compartment for the holy water. Several stone coffins have been dug up, and in one was found an urn which contained some coins. The church is situate on an eminence above the prin cipal part of the town, and is dedicated to All Saints. The church has lately been enriched with eight new bells, of the value of £800. and an organ, the erection of which cost £300. The living of Bakewell is a vicarage, in the gift of the Dean and Chapter of Lich field, valued in the king's books at £40. and yearly tenths £2. The present value is about £500. per annum. The Rev. Francis Hodgson is the present incumbent. It is a Peculiar in the diocess of Lichfield and Coventry. At the Reformation, as much land and tithes were sold off, by the Dean and Chap ter of Lichfield, as, it is computed, would now be worth £3000. per annum. By the Domesday Bookj we find two priests for the parish of Bakewell. In the reign of king John, the church was granted to the canons of Lichfield ;* and in return for this grant, one of the prebendaries of that cathedral was to say mass for the soul of the king and his ancestors, t In a decree of the archbishop of Canterbury, for repair ing and ornamenting chapels, belonging to parish churches, which was dated in the year 1280, complaint was made that the deacon and subdeacon of Bakewell were obliged to beg for their bread. The archbishop therefore ordered that they should eat at the table of the vicar. To provide for such an increase of expense, the vicar, who, before, had twenty marks, was ordered an additional allowance of ten marks for the support of two priests with a deacon, sub-deacon and clerk at his table : and, besides, one mark annually for the deacon, and ten shillings for the sub-deacon were allowed for the purchase of clothes. The archbishop also ordered that two scholastic clerks, whose occupation consisted chiefly in carrying about the holy water on the Sundays and festivals in the church and chapels of the parish, should be chosen and maintained out of the donations of the parishioners. He also insisted that the chapels of Tadding ton, Longstone and Baslow should be supplied by the chapter with fit priests, and that the chapter and the parishioners should contribute in equal proportions for their maintenance, each paying at the least the sum of two marks and a half. Before the Reformation, there were two chantries in Bakewell church : one at the altar of the Holy Cross, founded in 1365, by Sir Godfrey Foljambe and Avena his * The following is a translation of the Grant for life of the Third Prebend in the Church of Bakewell for an angel-of-gold. " To all to whom the present letters may come ; H. by the Divine mercy, Bishop of Coventry and Dean of Lichfield, wishes health in the truth to the Chapter of this Church. All of you may have known that the Lord John Earl of Moreton, granted in perpetuity and in pure charity, to us and to our church of Lichfield, the church of Bakewell with all belonging thereto, and that the canon Matheus, at the time of the donation, pos sessed the third prebend in that church ; so that we neither ought, nor are we willing to deprive him of that benefice, but we grant to him that he may possess that benefice entirely all the days of his life, on paying therefore, on the feast of St. Michael every year, to the chapter of Lichfield, one angel-of-gold, as an acknow ledgment. t The church at Bakewell was given by king John to the church of St. Cedd, of Lichfield, of which gift the following is a confirmation : Confirmatio regis Henrici III. de donatione ecclesiae de Bathekewelle ecclesiae Sancti Ceddae Lichf. per R. Johannem facta. •' Henricus Dei Gratia Rex Angliae, Dominus Hiberniae, et Dux Aquitaniae, Archiepiscopis, &c. salulem : inspeximus cartam quam incly tse recordationis Johannes quondam Rex Anglias pater noster dum fuit Comes Moriton fecit ecclesiae SancUe Mans et Sancti Ceddae de Lichf. de ecclesia de Bathekewelle, cum omnibus prae- bendis ejusdem ecclesia? in haec verba; * Universis Sanctae Matris Ecclesiae ad quos liters praesentes pervenerint Johannes Comes Moriton salutem : Universitati vestrae notum facio, me, pro amore Dei, et pro salute animae meae dotasse, et in perpetuam elemosinam concessisse ecclesise Sanctge Maria et Sancti Ceddre Lichfeld : Eccle- siam de Bathecwell, cum omnibus praebendis ejusdem ecclesia, et cum omnibus quae ad eandem ecclesiam, vel prasbeudas pertinent, ut secundum ordinationem clarissimi Amici Hugonis ejusdem ecclesiae Episcopi, vel in praebendas ecclesia? de Lichfeld, vel in communem canonicorum, sive alio niodo quo voluerit vel expe- dire Prebendae de Baucwell in proprietatem Ecclesiae de Lichfeld debeant converti ; salvo tamen servifio trium presbiterorum, qui Ecclesia de Baucwell deservient, et juxta arbitrium Episcopi rationabilem sustentati- onem habebunt ; Ordinationem namque praefati Episcopi, quam super hoc fecerit ratam habeo, et futuris tem- poribus semper habebo, Ecclesia autem de Lichfield concessit mihi unum presbilorum praebendarium in Eccle sia de Lichfield, qui singulis diebus vitae meae missamcautabit pro sanitate et incolumitate mek; et postmor tem meam omnibus diebus missa pro salute animae meae cantabitur imperpetuum : ut igitur haic mea donatio, nulla futerorum temporum malignitate valeat divelli ; sed quod Deo datum est semper debeat inviolabiter ol> servari, donationem ipsam super Altare Dominicum propria manu feci, et sigilli mei impressione corroboravi: Hiis testibus, &c. datun apud Lichf. per manum Stephani Ridell caucellarii nostri, mense Aprilis in Crastino Paschze anno tertio Regni Regis Ricardi.' Nos autem praedictas donationem et concessionem ratas habentes et fratas, eas pro nobis et haeredibus nostris, quantum in nobis est, concedimus et confirmamus, sicut carta prae- icta rationabiliter testatur. Hiis testibus, &c. Datum apud Kenilleworth per manum nostram septimo die Sep- tembris, anno regni nostri quinquagessimo." 70 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER wife, valued at £6. 6s. 2d. 1 Edward VI. ; the other at the altar ofthe Virgin Mary, valued at £4. Ignorance and superstition prevailed so much in the fourteenth century, that the notion and idea of masses and prayers, as beneficial both for the living and the dead, ran very high amongst all classes of people, insomuch that charities for that purpose were founded by well-disposed christians throughout the kingdom. ' Amongst the rest, Sir Godfrey Foljambe, knt. then living at Hassop, instituted, and probably with the assistance of others, and in particular of the gild or fraternity of the Holy Cross at Bakewell, a foundation of this nature in the parish church of Bakewell, 44 Edward III. A. D. 1371. A royal licence, we must suppose, was first obtained for the pur pose, in regard to the statute of Mortmain ; then he passed a grant of lands and tene ments for the endowment of his chantry ; and in the third place he prescribes, by another instrument, all rules and orders concerning it, as thus; "That Roger de Typeshelf be the first chantry priest, and he and his successors enjoy the lands. In another deed by the king's license it is settled, that he pray for the healthful estate of Sir Godfrey Foijambe* and Ann his wife, and their children, while they live, and after their decease, for their souls, and the souls of their parents, and the brotherhood ofthe Gild of the Holy Cross at Bakewell, and all the faithful living and dead, at the altar of the Holy Cross, in the nave of the parish church, built by the said Cross ; and that the said Roger and his successors be called keepers of the said Altar, and he or they celebrate mass in no other place, unless there be lawful impediment. And if the chaplain, without lawful cause, abstain from celebrating mass, that another fit chaplain be admitted, at the pleasure of the vicar of Bakewell. The chaplain not to be three days away without license from the lord of Hassop for the time being, if the lord reside there, otherwise without the leave of the vicar. On a vacancy, the lord of Hassop was to present, within fifteen days, to the dean and chapter of Lichfield, and they to give institution, &c. &c." Brian Rowcliff was patron of this chantry S5 Henry VIII. and succeeded to it in this manner. The heiress of Foljambe, great grand-daughter of the founder, who died 50 Edward III. married Sir Robert Plomp- ton, and Margaret, one of the two co-heirs of that family, married Sir John Rochley, of Rowcliff, who died & Henry VIII. and probably was father of Brian. Thomas Rawson was chantry-priest pen in the time of Henry VIII. when the value of this preferment was rated at £4. per annum. A stone was placed over the great window of the chantry at Bakewell, in length two feet, and in breadth one foot seven inches, with the following inscription round the top or face of the stone: Dominus Thomas Rawson, A. D. MCCCCCXV. Canon S. Crucis de Bakewell. The chantry-house, erected probably about the time of Edward III. being gone to decay, Rawson made the necessary repairs, and put up this stone for a memorial thereof; it was fixed in the gable end, being the most visible place. The house is now pulled down. On the 6th of August, 1828, an action was tried at the Derby assizes, arising out of proceedings in the ecclesiastical court, in which the Chapelry of Taddington resisted the mode of assessment for re-building the spire of Bakewell church. The church wardens had appealed against the rate being determined by the scores of cattle. On the other side it was contended that this mode of assessment had been the custom time out of mind. During this trial, it was proved that the parish of Bakewell had pre served some very ancient records, more ancient indeed than most parishes, and that the custom upon which the churchwardens had acted, had existed for at least a period of 190 years. Mr. Thomas Handcock, churchwarden of Bakewell, produced the parish books, and from these it appeared, that, on the 15th of September, 1638, the following were the score-rates : * Sir Godfrey had two wives. Ann was the first. OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 71 £. s. The parish church of Bakewell was rated at 18 score, at 6d. each beast, and the sum received 9 0 Longstone 13 6 10 Baslow 14 7 0 Monyash 10 5 0 Chelmorton 13 6 10 8 0 8 0 5 10 2 0 3 0 2 0 0 15 2 0 2 0 Part of Buxton ... 16 . Taddiugton 16 ... Ashford 11 ... Beeley 4 ... Sheldon 6.. Rowsley 4 .., Rowland 1£ Hassop 4... Over Haddon 4 .. rf. 0 0 0 "0000000 0 00 A verdict was obtained by Taddington, and the rates have been subsequently amended. Agreeably to a recent regulation, we believe that the rate upon each town ship is now double the above amount. Within the church there are the following monumental inscriptions, arms, &c. Against an arch, on the south side of the nave, is the monument of Sir Godfrey Foljambe, who died in 1376, and his Lady, Avena, who died in 1383, with half length figures, as represented in the engraving, carved in alabaster, in alto relievo, under a canopy. He is represented in a pointed helmet, and plate armour ; over his head is a shield, with the arms of Foljambe, a bend between six escallop-shells. Over the Lady, a shield of arms, being semee of fleurs-de-lis. See inscription in the church notes. 72 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER In the vestry, within the south transept, is the effigy, in alabaster, of a knight in plate-armour, mail gorget, and pointed helmet, with a richly ornamented bandeau, his pillow being supported by angels. This monument was erected to the memory of Sir Thomas Wendesley, knt. who was mortaUy wounded at the battle of Shrews bury, fighting on the side of the house of Lancaster. ARMS. Argent, a bend, Gules. Arms and Inscriptions in the Church. Upon a tablet over the mural monument, in the chantry of the Holy Cross, is a Latin inscription, of which the fojlowing is a translation-; Godfrey Foljambe, knt. and Avena his wife, daugh ter of Darley, of Darley (who afterwards married Richard de Greene, knt.) Lord and Lady of the Manors of Hassop, Okebrbke, Elton, Stanton, Darley, Overfull, and Lokhawe, founded this chantry in honour of the Holy Cross, in the 30th year of the reign of King Edward the Third, 1566. Godfrey died on Thursday next after the Feast of the Ascension of our Lord, in the 50th year of the same king; and Avena died on Saturday iiext after the Feast of the Nativity of the blessed Virgin Mary, in the Gth year of the reign of Kmj_F Richard the Second, 1385. N. B. The datus are taken from the Escheat Rolls, which contain the Inquisition post mortem, 50th of Edward Third, No. 24. In the vestry the effigy, in alabaster, of Sir Thomas Wendesley de Wendesley, who was mor tally wounded at the battle of Shrewsbury, 4th of Henry the lVth, 1403, and was buried at Bakewell, where formerly were several shields of arms of his family carved in wood. Upon his helmet is inscribed IHC NAZAREN. See Brailsford's Monumental In scriptions of Derbyshire. Adjoining the vestry are several monuments of the Vernons and Manners' families. In the centre is the altar-tomb or cenotaph of Sir George Vernon, knt. and his two wives,, enriched with figures in bas relief, of ladies holding Shields of arms; on it lies the effi- giesof a knight, in plate-armour and surcoat, with straight hair and a long beard, having a double chain about his neck, with the following inscription : Here lyeth Sir George Vernon, knt. deceassed ye ...... dayeof anno 1561, and Dame Margaret his wyffe, dawghter of Sir Gylbert Tavleboys, deceassed ye daye of 156... ; and also Dame Mawde his wyffe, dawghter to Sir Ralphe Langford, deceassed the dayeof anno 156... whose solles God pardon. [The blanks are the same in the original.] On the right is a monument for Sir John Manners, with this inscription : Here lyeth Sir John Manners, of Haddon, knt second son of Thomas Earl of Rutland, who dyed the 4th of June, 1611, and Dnrothie his wife, one of the daughters and heirs of Sir George Vernon, of Haddon, knt. who deceased 1 4th day of June, in the 26th year ofthe reign of Queen Elizabeth, 15S4. To the right of the window, on a mural monument, is this inscription : -Here lyeth buried John Manners, gentleman, third son of Sir John Manners, knt. who died the 16th day of July, in the year of our Lord God 1590, being of Hie age of 14 years. To the left is an elegant monument for Sir George Manners, knt. with a Latin inscription, of which the following is a translation : Sir George Maimers, of Haddon, knt. here waits the resurrection of the just in Christ. He married Grace, second daughter of Henry Pierrepont, knt. who after wards bore to him tjour sons and five daughters, and lived with him in holy wedlock thirty years. She caused him to be buried with his forefathers, and then placed this monument, at her own expense, as a per petual memorial of their conjugal faith, and she join ed the figure of his b.idy with hers, having vowed their ashes and bones should be laid together ; he died 23rd April, 1625, aged 54; she died The figures are all represented kneeling on cushions, under canopies. The eldest hon died in infancy; the other OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY 73 male figures are in armour. At the top of the monu ment is written, ** The day of a man's death is better than the day of his birth;" between the knight and his lady, " Thy prayers and thine alms are gone up before God;" at the feet of the knight, " Christ is to me both in death aud life an advantage ;" at the feet of the lady, " I shall go to him, he shall not return to me;" over the infant, "mine age is nothing in respect of thee;" over the 2nd son, " one generation passeth and another cometh ;" over the 3rd son, *' My days were but a span long;" over the 4 th son, "By the grace of God I am what I am;" over the eldest daughter, " A virtuous woman is a crown to her hus band;" 2nd daughter, "The wise woman buildeth her house;" 3rd daughter, " A gracious woman re- taineth honour;" 4th daughter, " A prudent wife is from the Lord ;" 5th daughter, " She that feareth the Lord shall be praised." Beneath this monument, on an alabaster gravestone in the floor, are some figures engraved, with an imper fect inscription round the same, aud a shield with the arms of Eyre impaled with Mordant. In the chancel, upon a beautiful table monument of alabaster, isa Latin inscription, of which the follow ing is a translation : Here lies John Vernon, son and heir of Henry Ver non, who died the 12th day of August, 1477, whose soul God pardon. On a brass plate on the wall, to the left of the communion rails: Here lieth the body of Bernard Wells, of Holme, in the county of Derby, gent. He was son of Thomas Wells, of Aston-under-Hill, in the county of Glou cester, gent, and married Barbara, daughter of Richard Marshall of Tideswell, in the county of Derby, gent. and by her he had one son,, who died without issue, and two daughters, viz. Mary, who married Henry Bradshaw, of Marple, in the county of Chester, esq. and Anne, who married Robert Eyre, of Highlow, in the said countie of Derby, esq. He died at Holme aforesaid, the 13th day of June, in the 86th year of his age, 1658. Within the communion rails are interred the re mains of Thomas Wilson, vicar of Bakewell thirty- three years: he died Jan. 7, 1708, aged 67. In the chancel lies interred the Rev. Gorstelow Monck, A. M. vicar of Bakewell, and rector of Ham- stal Ridware, in Staffordshire, who died the 15th of July, 1724, aged 41. In the nave ofthe church is interred the Rev. Tho. Grove, M, A. late vicar of Bakewell and of South Wingfield, in the county of Derby: he died 4th May, 1769, aged 69. The Parishioners of The Rev. Richard Chapman, A. B. vicar of this place, for a period of more than 46 years, caused this tablet to be erected, as a tribute of esteem and respect de servedly due to his memory: he died much regretted by all, on the 1 6th of April, 1816, aged 78. As a. pas tor, ever punctually attending to his sacred duties ; and firmly inculcating the doctrines of the church ; which manly sense and classic ability enabled hiin forcibly to explain. To the poor a good Samaritan, ever feeling for their necessities ; and often lamenting that his means were not equal to his wishes. As a Mao, his resentment never indulged an unchristian spirit, or survived the occasion. His enmity alone was mor tal ; his forgiveness ever alive. His goodness of heart, his free deportment, liberality of sentiment* and cheer ful flow of mind, endeared him to his friends, and left them, with truth to say, His death contracted the cir cle, and diminished their stock of social pleasure. On the south side of the chancel is an elegan t tablet with a Latin inscription, for Nicholas Twigge, of Holme — born in the year 1700, died 1760. In the chancel a tablet to the Memory of John Denman, an eminent apothecary of Bakewell, who died 25th Sept. 1752. Tablets for Mary Bagley, who died 1st Dec. 1773, aged 82. Moses Hudson Clerk, A.B. died 22nd Feb, 1775, aged 54. Mr. Heathcote, of Bakewell, died 4th May, 1828, aged 73. He was a firm supporter of the protestant establishment, and served the office of churchwarden for the almost unprecedented space of 40 years. In the chancel several of the Bagshaw family are interred. Charles Bagshaw, gent, son of Thomas Bagshaw, esq. who died 25th Oct. 1717. aged 44. Thomas Bagshaw, of Ridge, in this county, married Mary, daughter of Thomas Allestree, of Alvaston, esq. he died 13th April, 1721, aged 83. In memory of Mary, wife of Barker Bossley, second daughter of William and Dorothy Milnes, of Ashover, died 25th March, 1795, aged 38. Richard Roe died Jan.12, 1798, aged 83. Michael Heathcott, of Petersburg, in Virginia, mer chant, youngest son of Edward and Elizabeth Heath cott, died Sth May, 1792, aged 36. Here lies the body of William Saville, of Bakewell, hi the county of Derby, esq. steward to the Right Hon. John Earl of Rutland, who died 16th Dec. 1658, in the 60th year of his age, he married Jane Gilbert, thedaughter of William Gilbert, of the same town, gerit. by whom he had issue two sons and three daugh ters, viz. George, William, Grace, Manners, and Su sanna, of which are now living George, William, and Susanna. No epitaph need make the just man fam'd ; The good are praised when they're only nam'd. William Nicholson died 6th March, 1764. These lines I with watery eye, For my dear Friend indite, Who for his worth, none such on earth, Heaven crown him with true light : A lawyer just, a steward most just, As ever sate in court, Who lived belov'd, with tears interred. This is his true report. Katherine Broomhead, widow and relict of Robert Broomhead, late of Bubnell hall, gent, daughter of the above named William Nicholson, who died 15th April, 1728, aged 90. William Gardom, second son of Mr. John Gardom, of Bubnell, died 20th Sept. 1799, aged 49. Robert Schollar, jun. Bachelor of Arts and master of the free-school in Bakewell, died 11th Feb. 1674, aged 21. Whose soul doth rest with God above, Within the heavenly orb of light, of love. Robert Schollar, sen. keeper to the Right Hon. John Earl of Rutland, died 21st March, 1700, aged 78. Ruth Schollar, wife of the above, died 31st Dec. 1708, aged 86. Thomas Schollar, third sob of the above, died 15th June, 1678, aged 2l. His course was short, the longer is his rest, God takes them soonest whom he loveth best. Edward Schollar-, fourth son of the above, died 15th Feb. 1681, aged 22. Reader, consider -what is written here, It may awake a death watch in thy ear. John Gould, mercer, 'died 26th Nov. 1777, aged 62: arid Ellen his wife, daughter of Thomas Gilbert, esq. of Cotton, in the county of Stafford, died 8th July, 1792, aged 69 : also a son and a daughter. Basset Copwood, son of Richard Copwood, esq. of Blore, in the county of Stafford, he died at Bubnell hall, 17th July, 1628, aged 81. Under this tomb lie the two wives of John Dale, of Bakewell, barber surgeon, born at Sheldon. His first wife, Elizabeth, was the daughter of Godfrey Fol jambe, of Bakewell; his second wife, Sarah, was the daughter of .*.... Bloodworth. The rest of the inscrip tion mentions only what children he had by them, and is very much defaced and difficult to read. Know, posterity, that on the Sth of April, in the yeare of Grace, 1737, the rambling remains of the abovesaid John Dale were, in the 86th yeare of his pil grimage, laid upon his two wives. This thing in life might raise some jealousy, Here all three lie together lovingly, But from embraces here no pleasure flows, Alike are here all human joys and woes ; Here Sarah's chiding John no longer hears, And old John's rambling Sarah no more fears ; A period's come to all their toilsome lives, The good man's quiet; still, are both his wives. 7i HISTORY AND GAZETTEER Latham Wnodroofe, esq. servant of the Right Hon. John Earl of Rutland, who died Sept. 1, 1648,' aged 40. Vixit dilectus-, ceeidit ploratus honori Fidus erat domini grntuisset ipsi Deo He, whilst he liv'rl, was well belov'd, Now much lamented dead : True to his Lord, dear to his God; From us untimely fled. The font within the church is of great antiquity : its form is octagon, and on each face is the representation of one of the apostles rudely sculptured. In the church-yard there is an ancient stone cross, supposed to have been brought from some other place. The height of it is eight feet, exclusive of the pedestal. The width is two feet. The ornaments and sculptured devices on the four sides are much worn and defaced, but they are evidently subjects taken from the scriptures. On one side of the cross are the birth, crucifixion, the entombment, the resurrection and ascension : on the reverse is Christ entering Jerusalem upon an ass. These figures are indistinct, and antiquarians have differed in their interpretation of them. Charities. LADY MANNERS* SCHOOL.— By indre. bearing date 12th May, 1636, be tween Grace Lady Manners, widow, of the one part, and John Greaves, ^esq. and others, of the other part ; the said Lady Manners, in order to make a provision for the main taining a schoolmaster for ever, to teach a free-school within the township of Bake- well, for the better instructing of the male children of Bakewell and Great Rows'ey, in good learning, and the christian religion, granted to the said John Greaves and others, and their heirs, a yearly rent charge of £15. to be issuing out of lands at Elton. She directed that her heirs, being of full age, and iords of the manor of Haddon, should have the appointment of the schoolmaster. The present master of this school, the Rev. John Browne, was appointed in 1806, by the Duke of Rutland, as the heir of Lady Manners, on the recommendation of the then vicar, and several of the inhabitants of Bakewell. Mr. Browne receives £50. per annum ; viz. the said rent charge of £15. per annum, with a voluntary addition of £35. from the Duke. In respect of this salary, the schoolmaster instructs, gratuity OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 75 ously, such boys of the township of Bakewell and Great Rowsley, whose parents think proper to send them to the school, in reading English, and writing, and in Latin and Greek, if required. Arithmetic is also taught to those boys whose parents wish them to learn it, on payment of 10s. 6d. per quarter. MARY HAGUE'S SCHOOL.— By will, bearing date 20th Nov. 1715, she gave her house, garden, stable, and nine square yards of land for ever, for teaching so many poor children, belonging to the poor of Bakewell, in reading, as the yearly rent would amount to, until they could read the bible, and then to be removed and others supply their places. Ralph Bradbury, the parish clerk, was appointed schoolmaster by the vicar and parish officers. He receives the emoluments, and for them instructs seven poor chil dren, boys and girls, of the township of Bakewell, appointed by the churchwardens. SIR JOHN MANNERS' HOSPITAL, called SAINT JOHN'S HOSPITAL. —By deed, bearing date the last day of April, 1602, and 25th April, 1605, reciting that Roger Manners, esq. brother of John Manners, of Nether Haddon, esq. of his charitable disposition left £600. to the said John Manners, esq. to purchase a rent charge of £40. per annum, for the benefit of the poor people inhabiting within the township of Bakewell, in the said hospital ; and that in consideration thereof, the said John Manners, by indre. made the last day of Oct. 36 Elizabeth, had granted to the said Roger Manners and others, a rent charge of £22. issuing out of land, &c. of the said John Manners, at Bradmore, in the county of Nottingham, to be employed by the lord of Nether Haddon for the time being, for the relief of four poor men residing at Bakewell, and another rent charge of £18. per annum, issuing out of an estate now in the possession of Mr. Anthony Alsop, of Wensley, consisting of about 18 acres, at Wensley, in the parish of Darley, for the maintenance of two alms' people. The said Sir John Manners, knt. incorporated the said six persons by the name of the Governor and Poor of St. John's Hospital, in Bakewell, and ordained that they should have perpetual succession, and be capable of taking lands, and have a common seal, which should be kept locked in a chest, in the said Hospital, with four keys : whereof the governor should have one ; the heirs of the said John Manners one ; the bailiff of Bakewell a third; and the vicar or curate of the church a fourth : and the said John Manners granted to the said governor and poor, and their successors for ever, the lower part of the newly erected town-hall, and directed that his heirs and assigns should keep the said lower part of the said newly erected house in repair for ever and uphold the same. In the deed of 1602 a power was reserved by the grantor of the rent charge of £22. to charge other lands with a rent charge of equal amount. The sum of £22. is paid by the Duke of Rutland, who is the owner of Nether Haddon, and £18. by Mr. Anthony Alsop, as the possessor of the estate at Wensley. This income amounting in the whole to £40. per annum, is thus divisible under the above abstracted deed. To the Governor and five poor men for their maintenance. £5. each ....30 0 0 And for a gown, £1. each ....... „.,.., „ .' 6 0 0 To their laundress, as directed by the deed to wash their clothesand attend them insickness 4 0 0 £40 0 0 Archer John, esq. . Bott Robert Broomhead Catherine, and * Ellen Webster , Gisborne, Rev. Francis ... Nailor Mary, and Bagshaw Schollar Robert Saint Andrew's church, or r Town Stock, including! the gifts of various do-[ ¦ nors Strutt Matthew Swan Ann 5 pecks and one- eighth of oatm.' 3 a. 1 r. 39 p. a cow-house and allotment 53 p. Funded property £44 0 0 0 17 6 6 5 10 2 4 2 0 22 10 Interes 0 10 0 0 Land in Monyash 19 a. 3 r. \3p. 1 a. 3 r. 37 p- 00 I to 0 Weekly £8. per an. Poor of Bakewell and Great Longston .... 10*. for sermon, Is. for poor 10$. to vie. for ser. 50s. to poor wid. res. to Yolgr. sch. Clothing Poor widows Poor in coals Poor . Charged on lands pur. by the Duke of Devonshire, Mr. Birch, and others. Will, 25th May, 1665. Deed, 24, 25 March, 1754. Deed 1817, Will 1818. Will, 11th April, 1700. From 1C80 to 1711. Ten poor widows ... Will, 23rd Jan. 1798. Twenty poor widows Will, 1676. 76 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER The Bakewell Dispensary was established by some of the principal inhabitants, under the patronage of the Dukes of Devonshire and Rutland, and the Earl of New burgh, and other noblemen and gentlemen. It will undoubtedly prove of infinite benefit to the lower orders of society. Great praise is due to Michael Atkinson, esq. Dr. Reid, and Mr. Harris, surgeon, for their exertions in the good cause. The meeting for the establishment of this institution was held on the 18th of Sep tember, 1828, the Rev. F. Hodgson chairman, and on the 18th of October Mowing the Rules and Regulations were adopted; Sir W. C. Bagshaw and Sir F. S. Darwin accepting the appointment of honorary consulting physicians- Dr. Reid was_ appoint ed physician in ordinary, Mr. Joseph Harris,' surgeon, and Mr. T. Mills, dispenser. The Walthalls descended from the family of that name at Wistaston, in Cheshire, and several other genteel families reside here. BALLIDON, a village, township, parochial chapelry and constablery in the parish Beiidene, 0f Bradborne, hundred of Wirksworth and deanery of Ashbourn, Bainngton, abouj. j m> N q{ Bradbornej 6 m- n. E. from Ashbourn, and 5 m. N. W. from Wirksworth, contains 17 houses, 19 families and 102 inhabitants, chiefly employed in agriculture. This township consists of about 1894 acres of good limestone dairy land, divided among 8 proprietors, viz. : William Webster, esq. of Ashbourn, 460 acres; Sleigh, solicitor, of Leek, esq. (Mininglow Farm) 281 acres ; John Cox, esq. of Derby, 135 acres ; Miss Clay, of Derby, 330 acres ; lord Mansfield, 250 acres ; Mr. Wright, of Bradborne, 206 acres; Osborne, solicitor, of Burton, esq. (Pike Hall Farm) 97 acres; and Francis Greensmith, of Thorpe, gent. 135 acres. The tithe of lambs and wool are claimed by Mr. Webster, Miss Clay and lord Mansfield, in the parish of Bradborne, and they keep the chancel of that church in repair. The township of Ballidon is tithe-free. The duchy court of Lancaster, held at Wirksworth, extends its jurisdiction over this township. The average of seven years parochial expenses amount to £126. 8*. 2d. per annum, which includes all payments. The highways repaired by this township extends 9,j miles and 110 yards. The children of this village attend the infant and Sunday-school at Bradborne. The only public-house is at Pike hall. In Beiidene, Leuric and Levenot had four carucates of land to be taxed. Land to four ploughs. There is now in the demesne four ploughs, and six villanes have one plough. There are sixteen acres of meadow. Coppice-wood half a mile long and one quarenten broad. Value in king Edward's time 60s. now 12s. 6d. D. B. 320. ^ This manor was part of the lands of Ralph Fitzhubert. In 19 Edward II. Rich ard de Herthull died possessed of the manor, and left it his son Adam. It came into the family of Cokaine early in the fifteenth century, by the marriage of Elizabeth, sister and heiress of Sir Giles Herthull, to Edmund Cokaine of Ashbourn : a younger branch of which family were settled at Ballidon for several generations. John Co kaine died 2 Henry VII. and left it his grandson Thomas, who left it to Francis: In 38 Elizabeth, it came to Sir Edward, who sold the manor. It passed by sale into the families of Ashley, Trott, Milward and Hurt, and was eventually divided into severalties. In 171 9, Thomas Taylor, gent. Charles Adderley, esq. Matthew Vernon, esq. and Henry Boothby Vernon, esq. his son, were jointly seised of 1700 acres of land in Ballidon and Doveridge, and half the manor of Ballidon, a rent of 5s. and Is. 6d. in Ballidon, 14*. id. in Lea hall, 40*. in Tissington, 34*. id. in Atlow, 100s. in Brassington, 73*. id. in Bradborne, the whole of the white or wool and lamb tithe in Bradborne, common of pasture, on the site of Ballidon, paying the vicar of Brad borne 13*. id. and tithe hay in Doveridge, viz. : the said Thomas Taylor one-half, Charles Adderley three-fifths, and the two Vernons the remaining two-fifths. In consequence of a writ of partition, at the suit of Thomas Taylor being issued, the above lands, rents and tithes, were divided in the above proportions ; the part allotted by the above writ to Thomas Taylor, was devised by his descendant, Dr. John Tay lor, to W. Webster, esq. the present owner. Adderley's share was purchased by the late Henry Richardson, esq. of Derby, who devised it to Miss Clay, the present owner ; and the share, allotted as above to the Vernons, who had it by marriage and OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 77 gift from the Boothbys, who also inherited from the Milwards, was bequeathed by Matthew Vernon, of London, silk mercer, from motives of political attachment, to William Murray, earl of Mansfield, who, dying without issue in 1793, it devolved on his nephew, David, 7th viscount Stormont and earl'of Mansfield, and on his death, 1st September, 1796, it came to his son William, the present and 3rd earl of Mans field. The trustees of the Rev. Philip Storey are the present lords of the manor. The chapel is a mean building ; the living is a curacy, stated in the king's books to be of the value of £10. per annum. The freeholders, who pay £10. per annum to the minister, are the patrons, and the Rev. German Buckston is the present incum bent. Charities. Gisbome, Rev. Francis... I Rent charge | 5 10 0 1 Poor I Deed 1817, Will 1818. Donor unknown* Rent charge 1 0 0 Poor In the hands of Thomas Buxton in 1786. Harvey William | Rent charge | 0 10 0 | Poor | Will 3rd April, 1699. BAMFORD, a small village and hamlet in the parish and constablery of Hather- sage, and in the hundred of High Peak, contains 42 houses, 42 families, and 263 inhabitants. Of the 42 families, 22 are chiefly employed in agriculture, and 20 in trade and handicraft. The land is gritstone and watered by the river Derwent. It is divided among eight proprietors, the principal of whom are Mr. Whailsby, Mr. Robinson and Mr. Hancock of Dore (who, we believe, are joint lords of the manor) Mr. Abraham Howe, Mr. John Piatt, Rev. John Le Cornu, Mrs. Sarah Hibberson and Mr. John Merriman. The tithe belongs to the duke of Devonshire. The esti mated annual value of all the buildings and land is £848. The average rental 20*. per acre. Amount of the rates, collected for all purposes, viz. church, poor, consta bles' accounts, &c. £107. 17*. per annum. The commons are unenclosed. There is one Wesleyan Methodist chapel, three county bridges, two public houses, and one Sunday-school, supplied by voluntary contribution, in this hamlet. This manor was for many generations the property of the earls of Shrewsbury. In 1802, Francis Evans, esq. purchased it ; the latter sold it to Mr. Prime of Birch- over and Mr. Molland. The only daughter and heiress of Mr. Prime married Mr. Whailsby. This hamlet is entitled to a portion of the annual sums arising from the gifts ol Morton, Barber and Silvester. See Hathersage. Charities. Brownhill George Rent charge 0 9 0 Poor Will 1728. Littlewood John Rent charge 0 10 0 Poor Will 4th January, 1743. Thornhill Thomas ... Rent charge 0 10 0 Poor Will 1722. Trurie, Rev. Robert £40 0 0 Interest... School Will 19th May, 1720. The latter sum appears to have been in the hands of Hans. William Mortimer, esq. in 1766, but he is stated to have died insolvent in 1807; no interest appears to have been paid since 1797, so that this charity may be considered lost. « Bank, in Dronfield township. Barber Booth, in Castleton parish. Barber Fields, in Dronfield parish. Bargate, in Duffield and Horsley townships. BARLBOROUGH, a village, township, parish and constablery in the deanery of Barieburg, Chesterfield and in the hundred of Scarsdale, l\ miles N. E. of Chesterfield, contains 125 houses, 136 families and 675 inhabitants. Of the 136 families, 43 are chiefly employed in agriculture, 36 in trade, and 57 in the collieries and handicraft or live independent. This village is pleasantly seated on a high ridge surrounded by limestone and coal land. The commons, containing 900 acres, were enclosed in 1798, and the whole township contains 3284 acres, chiefly yellow lime stone, and some mixed soils. There are about 200 acres of wood on the estates of the Rev. C. H. R. Rodes and E. S. C. Pole, esq. ; the land is chiefly arable, is divided into farms from 50 to 300 acres, and belongs to fourteen proprietors, viz. : Rev. C. H. R. * This sum was paid by John and William Buxton until within a few years. 78 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER Rodes, E. S. C. Pole, esq. who are joint lords of the manor, 'Bruno Bowden, esq. John Staniforth, gent, of Beighton, Henry Bowden, esq. John Cundy, gent, the Cor poration of Chesterfield (about 40 acres) Staveley poor, William and Benjamin Shaw, gents. Mr. George Bowlsr and Mr. Henry Ellis. The estimated annual value of all the lands and buildings is £3981. 13*. The tithes amounting to nearly £600. per annum, are due in kind, but they are taken by composition. The average rental is about 25*. per acre. The average amount of the parochial expenses, viz. poor, county rate, constables' accounts and highways, is £416. 1*. 3d. per annum, taking the average of six years, and the church-rates £26. 2*. 6d. per annum. There is one sick-club, of 140 members, a parochial day-school, supported by the Rev. C. H. R. Rodes, who gives the master £20. yearly, and a boy and girls' Sunday- school, supported by voluntary contributions, four public houses and one dissenting chapel in the township. The village is well supplied with water> from a never- failing spring, and the roads are excellent. In Barleburg and Wittenwell, Levenot had six carucates of land to be taxed. Land to eight ploughs. There are now three ploughs in the demesne and ten sokemen, ten villanes and thirty-six bordars, having eight ploughs. There is a priest and a church, one bondman and two mills of 3s. There are three acres of meadow. Wood-pasture two miles long and one mile broad. Value in king Edward 's time and now six pounds. Robert holds it of Ralph Fitzhubert. D. B. 317. The manor was given by Wufric Spot to Burton Abbey. At the Conquest it was held by Robert, under Ralph Fitzhubert. This Robert was probably ancestor of Robert de Meinell, one of whose coheiresses brought Barlborough to Sir Matthew de Hathersage. In the reign of Henry III. the coheiresses of Hathersage married GoushiU and Longford. These families held the manor during several generations. In 12 Edward I. Olive de Langford was possessed of the manor. In 23 Edward I. William de Fauconberge had a manor here, called the chamber of Ada, with the park of Barlborough : this manor seems to have been that of Ada de Grydeling, men tioned in Esch. 23 Edward I. — In 32 Edward I. John de Langford held a manor in Barleburgh. In 16 Edward II. John de Stuteville held Barleburgh. In 20 Ed ward II. Walter de GoushiU and Margeria his wife held the manor (Extent cum membris, viz. in Creswelle and Coombes Barleburg Wodehouse VI*. Vlllcf. reddit and una bovat tre in B. and two plac, ten, ibidem vocat Ryding and Horsecrofte grene, &c. Arms, Azure, two cotises, Ermine, in a bend lion passant gardant, between two acorns, Or.) Anthony Wingfield, who had married a coheiress of Sir Robert GoushiU, suffered a recovery in 1513. In 1521, Thomas, earl of Derby, died seised of a manor in Barlborough. In 1542, Sir William Holies, who had been lord-mayor of London, died seised of a manor here. In 1554, queen Mary granted the manor which had belonged to the earl of Derby to Dame Anne Stanhope ; and it was sold by Sir Thomas Stanhope, in 1571, to Sir Richard Pype, some time lord-mayor of London, who died seised of it, with the advowson of the rectory, in 1587. Francis Rodes, esq. who was made one of the justices of the common pleas in 1585, purchased of the family of Selioke an estate, described as the manor of Barlborough, which had belonged to the Constables. Sir John Rodes, son of the Judge, had a chancery suit with Humphrey Pype, esq. son of the lord-mayor, above-named, who claimed to be sole lord of the manor of Barlborough, and asserted that the estate purchased of the Seliokes was freehold, but not manorial. It is probable that Sir John Rodes or some of his descendants, purchased Pype's moiety. The other moiety passed to a younger branch of the Poles of Wakebridge, by marriage with a co-heiress of Sir Nicholas Longford, who died in 1610. Park hall and manor continued to be the seat and property of this branch of the Pole family, until the death of two maiden ladies, Mrs. Margaret and Mrs. Mary Pole, in 1755, when it came to the Radbourn family. It is now the property of E. S. C. Pole, esq. of Radbourn. At the Conquest, there were a church, a priest, and one servant. The present handsome tower-church is dedicated to St. James. The living is a rectory, valued in the king's book at £10. 1*. 5^d. and yearly tenths £1. 0*. l^d. The present value OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 79 is about £600. per annum. The Rev. Cornelius H. R. Rodes is the patronj and the Rev. Martin Stapylton is the present rector. Arms and Inscriptions in the Church. The monument near the communion-table is to Joan, lady Furnival, wife of Sir Thomas Nevil, lord Furnival in right of his wife, who was heiress to Wil liam lord Furnival, and the last of the name in direct line; he died April 12. 1383. Furnival's inn, in Lon don, was his town residence. This Joan conveyed the vast estates to her husband, and had only one daugh ter, who married John Talbot, first earl of Shrews bury, into whose family the estates were carried by her. The effigv is of alabaster, and in 1707 there re mained so much of the inscription on the verge as fol lows: Hie jacet Johanna Filia et heres Willielmi Furnival In the dexter chief corner was the saltier, the arms of Nevill, and in the sinister those of Furnival at the feet: the two coats were impaled on an escutcheon, supported by two talbots, collared and belled. She was buried at Worksop, aud this monument is sup- poped to have been removed at the time the havoc was made of the monuments at that place; a few years after the reformation, Judge Rodes, who was senes chal to the earl of Shrewsbury, is presumed to have obtained permission for its removal, being the most perfect of the monuments, from the luined church at Worksop, to grace the church at Barlborough, his newly acquired estate and residence. The following verse relates to the subject. Dame Johane is berved aboven the hye quere Next Thomas Nevill that was her husband In alabaster, an ymage, Sir Thomas right nere As he is tumulate on her right hand, And by her daughter Molde, we understand, Went out the Furnnialls, as by their name, As Lovetofts by Dame Molde afore did the same. She died in or before the year 1399. On a tombstone in the church-yard : 100 yeares lived 1, William Cooke, God lent the time and I it tooke; The 30 of Januari, 1640, my life ended; Have given to Barlborough pore 20 pounds for evermore. Prope jacet Margareta, filia Ferdinandi et Marga rets Wingfield de Stanley in com. Ebor : Virgo nupta fuit Germano Pole, armigero ; et gemina utri usq. sexus prole ex. isto conjugio suscepta. Iterum nupsit Ar- thuro Turner, cui etiam, multisannis initio matrimo- nio feliciter traductis, fuit superstites. Erat fcemina quzeomnia vitas munera sustinuit et ornavit ob morum comitatem et simplicitatem, ob benevolum in hos- pites animum, ob omnem miserienrdiam in egenos nulli seeunda: Verae in Deum pietatis, Fidei in con jures, in liberos amoris, exemplar consummatissi- mum. Tandem ex hac vita evocata abiit debitam mercedem acceptura 29 April, 1744, anno »tat 86. Filise superstites filise matri quod illius prascum opera a Pontifice super creptse sepulcra re formatio res instituerentur: hancunicam tabulam possuerunt. Juxta situs est Arthurus Turner, armiger, e stirpe gerierosa in agro Ebor : oriundus. Vir antiqua fide, moribus integerrimis, animn in privignos privignasq. verepaterno. Ecclesiam Anglicanam dilexitunict*, et exemplo commendavit, quum instructurum in ea ju. ventutem accurate et ad lites diriinendas omnino con- suht qratuito: his aliisque artibus vixit, merito caris- simus, tandemque morbo articulari fractus, flebilis bonis omnibus, dfcessit 9th September, 1724. Another inscription records the death of German Pole, of Park hall, who died 1686-7. Sir Francis Rodes, bart. died 14th March, in the 28th year of his age, 1645 ; Dame Martha Rodes, wife of Sir Francis Rodes, died 25th October, in the 77th year of her age, A. D. 1719. Sacred to the memory of Cornelius Heathcote Rodes, esq. of Barlborough hall, in this parish, who died 6th March, 1825, aged 70 years. This small tribute of affection and gratitude is erected by his nephew and heir. Hie jacet Ricardus Pipe miles, civis quondam et major, London, et hujus rectorijo solus patronus qui ultinum diem elausit 19 die mensis Sept. A. D. 1587; et aetatis suse 72. This Sir Richard Pipe was lord-mayor of London. Also a Latin inscription, on a neat tablet, for Phinae Mace, rectorof Barlborough, and Margaretta his wife: he died in the month of August, 1699, aged 61; and she died 11th October, 1702. Rev. William Pashley, M. A. rector of Barlborough and of Grove, in the county of Nottingham, who died 9th May, 1793, aged 74 ; and Elizabeth, his wife, died 2nd August, 1793, aged 80. In hopes of a blessed resurrection, are here under deposited the remains of Mrs. Margaret Pole and Mrs. Mary Pole, two maiden sisters, whose lives were em ployed in the exercise of piety and works of charity, in which they had a special regard for the House of God, and to his living Temples, the poor; wHereof, as to the former, the handsome addition made to this sacred edifice, and the new seating of another in an adjoining parish: and as to the latter, an alms-house erected in this town are generous instances; as they always joined together in these good works, so in their deaths they were not long divided: Mrs. Margaret Pole died 7th August, and Mrs. Mary Pole 17th Sep tember, 1755. Bright William, sen. .... Cook William Gisborne, Rev. Francis Godley Godfrey Heppenstall Frances Johnson John Machon William Machon George Norborn John Parr John Shaw William, sen , Slater George Slater Christopher Taylor Gcrvas Vaughan John Wood John.... Charities. £5 Interest Poor 20 ditto ditto 5 10 0 Clothing 30 1 10 0 Poor 20 Interest ditto 10 ditto ditto 4 ditto ditto 5 ditto ditto 4 ditto ditto 10 ditto ditto 4 ditto ditto t charge 1 0 0 ditto t charge 10 0 ditto £.5 Interest ditto 5 ditto ditto 10 ditto ditto Will 12th August, 1708. Died in 1640. Deed 1817. Will 1818. Died in 1629. Will in 1662. Will 12th December, 1649. Will.Will 16th August, 1667. Will 11th February, 1760. Will 3rd April, 1764. Will 18th June, 1712. Died in 1640. Died in 1649. Will in 1765. Will January 7. 1714. Will 1st February, 1731. These sums were laid out in the purchase of premises; and the commissioners, under the Barlborough award, in 1798, allotted la. 'zr. 3 p. on the Hollingwood common in exchange for the "premises the overseers of the poor hail previously held. An allotment of oa. Or. bp. was also by the same award allotted to the over seers, in lieu of all their interest in the lands directed to be enclosed. The land is now in the occupation of a yearly tenant, at £10. per annum. 80 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER Pole's Alms-houses. — By indenture, bearing date 11th October, 1752, and enrolled in chancery between Margaret Pole and Mary Pole on the one part, and Francis Bower and others of the other part : reciting that the said Margaret and Mary Pole had erected a messuage in the parish of Barlborough, and had enclosed and laid to such building, on the north side thereof, a piece of ground, containing in length,, from east to west, 48 feet : and in breadth, from south to north, 43 feet ; and reciting that the said Margaret and Mary Pole were desirous that the said messuage should be used, for ever hereafter, as an hospital or alms-house for the habitation of six poor persons : and for the maintenance of such poor people, left a messuage and 46 acres of land at Froggatt, in the county of Derby, in trust, that the trustees should, out of the rents and profits of the said premises at Froggatt, pay and allow weekly, to each of the said poor persons, towards their support and. maintenance, the sum of 2s. ; and should also provide for each of them, yearly, two stack-loads of coals ; and should, out of the residue of the rents, keep the hospital in good repair. The trust property consists of a close at Barlborough, containing 2 a. 2 r. 3 p. let at £2. 15s. per annum. A farm at Froggatt, in the chapelry of Baslow, consisting of a house and out buildings and about 46 acres of land, now let at £65. per annum. An allotment of 33 a. 3 r. 23 p. being part of the commons of Froggatt ; rent not stated. Each alms- woman receives 3s. 6d. per week, and twice in the year a cart-load of coals. Poor persons of this parish, as well as of the parish of Staveley, are eligible to the hospital at Woodthorpe, situate in the last-mentioned parish, though the benefit is confined to the parish of Staveley. At Spinkhill, in this parish, there is a neat Roman Catholic chapel, the Rev. Mr. Tristram is the priest. Barlborough hall, the seat of the Rev. Cornelius Heathcote Reaston Rodes, is a handsome mansion-house, of the style prevalent in Queen Elizabeth's time, of which it is a good specimen. This hall was built in the year 1583, by Francis Rodes, one of the justices of the common pleas. Its figure approaches nearly to a square, with four fronts, the principal of which, facing the south, retains its original appearance and is most ornamented, having projecting bows, terminating in octagonal embattled turrets, and large transom windows ; this is approached by a flight of steps, leading through a porch, adorned with pillars of the Doric order, to the hall, which has been modernized. The arrangement of the interior has been somewhat changed, to make it more suitable to modern convenience and comfort, of which the house affords a very large share. In the dining-room is a very magnificent stone chimney-piece, enriched with fluted Doric pillars, supporting statues of justice and religion, and coats of arms and various ornaments in bas relief. In the upper part are the arms of Rodes, with these inscrip tions: "Francis Rodes, serviens d'nas Regime ad legem." — " Anno D'ni 1584, cetatis suae 50." In the lower part are two shields ofthe arms of Rodes, with different im palements : the one supported by a judge, on the dexter side, inscribed " Franciscus Rodes," and a lady on the sinister side, inscribed "Elizabeth Sandford;" the other, with similar supporters, inscribed " Franciscus Rodes — Maria Charlton." At the bottom is this inscription, " Constitutus Justiciarius de Banco Communi, 30 Elix'% On the sides are other inscriptions, more particularly describing the wives and thefe* issue. This room is hung with tapestry, and furnished with portraits of Judge Rodes, Sir Francis Rodes, Sir John Rodes, and the present Mr. and Mrs. Rodes : the two latter were painted by Mr. William Belcher, in 1825. In the drawing-room there is a beautiful chimney-piece, carved in oak, originally the head of a state bed ; this, with the anti-room and library, occupy the south front. The buff coat, sword, &c. of Sir Francis Rodes, worn in the time of Charles the First, are preserved in this house. The capital domestic offices and stables, which surround a court on the west side of the house, have been built in a style corresponding with the house. From Barlborough hall to the village is nearly half a mile ; the road leads through a beau tiful avenue of lime trees. # #|»'^ i:lip#ll As: A VS V: X ¦ 1- A N>-\^ . X V \v~ V , N-\ A v V. X * 5s. ^ ^ ~\ ,^v \Nv ;| . Xs- ^ Vs£ -O^ H\ \\ # £ V>\ N. "<: ¦s ^ V \N\ ^."^ nN- ^ •-N \\ ,\N X V .V ;x -v NN \>- ;t- r,^ ¦\ ^ v§ AN •* 1;i ; V OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 81 Pedigree ofthe ancient family of RODES, of Barlborough. INSCRIPTION.— This genealogy of the ancient, knightly and honourable family of Rodes, which hath flourished for about 500 years in the counties of Nottingham, York aud Derby, showing their extraction from and alliance to many other noble and worthy families, whose inheritance or arms (by the marriages of lieirs female) devolve upon Sir John Rodes, of Barlborough, in the county of Derby, bart. is faithfully collected out of divers manuscripts and visitation books, or authorities of undoubted verity, and from other antiquities and records remaining in the college of arms and tower of London, carefully enlarged and deducted to the year 1695, by Robert Dale, Blanch Lion, Pursuivant of Arms, Deputy Register. QUARTERINGS — 1. Rodes. 5. Rocliff. 9. Darcy- 15. Wandesfoid. 2. Cachehorse. fi. Bellers. 10. Bertram. 14. Musters. 5. Lassells. 7. Bernake. 11. Horeby. 15. ColviUe. 4. Burdett. 8. Lymbury. 12. Kirkby. 16. Conyers. Besides these, this family have a right to quarter the arms of Foliott and Engeram (which are introduced hy ColviUe) where their coats may be found. The ancient seals of this family had a lion rampant. See Thoroton's Nottinghamshire. hi an engraving forwarded to the Publisher, the arms of Heathcote are as described in page 82 ; but Lysons and Burke emblazon them Ermine instead of Argent, as in the above engraving. 82 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER ARMS— as in the Shield, quarterly of nine coats. 1. Counter quartered for Rodes and Reaston, Argent, a Lion passant gardant in bend, Gules, between two Acorns, Azure, all within as many Cotices, Ermines. Rodes. Argent, on a Chevron, Gules, between three Rudders, Azure, as many Cinquefoils, Argent. Reaston. 2. Argent, three Pomeis, each charged with a Cross, Or. Heathcote. 3. Rodes. 4. Argent, three Chaplets, Gules. Lassells. 5. Per pale, Gules and Sable, a Lion rampant, Argent. Bellers. 6. Argent, three horse barnacles, Sable. Bernake. 7* Argent, six Cinquefoils, Gules, 3, 2 and 1. 8. Argent, three Cinquefoils, Gules, 9. As the 1st, Impaling Gossip and eight quarters. CREST of Rodes. A cubit Arm erect, grasping an Oak branch acorned, all Proper. Crest of Reaston. A Demi-Lion rampant, Argent, collared, Or, sustaining a Rudder, Azure, and a banner, Gules, charged with a Cinquefoil, Argent. MOTTO. Robur Meum Deus. Gerard de Rodes, lived temp. Henry IT.; he had the two lordships= of Langar and Barneston givenhim by king Richard I. which grant was confirmed by king John. Sir Ralph de Rodes, of Langar and Barneston, &c.=Berta, ejus ux. Note.— There is in Thoroton a Sir co Nottingham, a very great man, for Sir Gervase both named William de Rodes, rector of Barneston, Clifton, knt. was his steward; he lived 3 and 6 temp. Henry whohadadisputewith the prior of Thur- Henry III. and was benefactor to Kinstede abbey. III. {Thoro- garton, which was settled in 1257, sup- ton's Notts.) posed to be brother of Ralph. Sir Gerard de Rodes, temp. Henry III. and Edward I. {TJioroton.) Gerard de Rodes,= John, who, says Thoroton, passed away Langar and Barneston, 13Edw. Simon de lord of Meller. I- On his seal, circumscribed by his name, he hath a lion rampant, Rodes. debruised by a bendlet. Gerard de Rodes granted Barneston and Langar= to his uncle John. ( Tlutroton* ) \ Adam Rodes, of Thorpe, near Rotherham, co. York. Peter Rodes, of Thorpe.^ Robert Rodes, of Thorpe. => Sir John Rodes, knt. master of the household to the most Thomas Rodes, of Thorpe. noble prince Edward, prince of Wales and duke of Acqui- taine, died 4 Richard II. William Rodes, of Staveley Woodthorp, co. Derby,=Emma, dau. and heiress of John Cachehorse or Karetae- before 1290. I hors, of Staveley Woodthorp. John Rodes, of Staveley Woodthorp,= I John Rodes, of Staveley Woodthorp.= Robert Rodes, of Staveley Wopdthorp.=Elizabeth Waste, Joiee, ux. of William Wood, Joan, dau. of John=John Rodes, of Staveley= Atheline, dau. of Thomas of Burton on Trent. Moules, of London. Woodthorp, high sheriff of Derbyshire in 1591 Richard. Hewit, of Wales, co. York. Marv, dau. of Francis= Francis Rodes, of Staveley Woodthorp, co. Derby, =Elizabeth, dau. of Charfcton, of Apley, ' ' co. Salop, esq. 2nd elected Serjeant at Law, Term. Hillar, 20 Eliz'. constituted one of the Serjeants at Law to the queen, SlstAugust, 24 Elizabeth: and a justiceof the. Common Pleas, 29th June, 30 Elizabeth. From this marriage descended Sir Godfrey Rodes, of Great Houghton, co. York, who died about the year 1634, cum mul- tis aliis. Brian (or Hercy} Sandford, of Thorp Salvaine,co.York,1st wife. ~m. Sir John Rodes, of Barlborough, =Dorothy, dau.=Frances, 3rd dau. Anne, co. Derby, hie.h sheriff ofthe said county 56 Elizabeth; knighted at the tower, 15th March, 1603; living, temp, visitation, 1611 et 1634; mar. to his lstux. Ann, dau. of George Benson, of West moreland, he died in Sept. 1639. of George Sa ?ill, of Wake field, in the cp. of York, 2nd wife. of Marmaduke Frances. Constable, of Peter. Holderness, co. York, relict of Henry Cheeke, 3rd wife. OF TIIE COUNTY OF DERBY. 83 John Rodes, of Harbury, co. York, esq. eld. son, disinherit ed byhisfather, set. 20; annos et amplius, anno. 1611 ; he was blind. 1 1 1 Henry Rodes, unmar. anno. 1634. George, bur. at Barlbro'. 27th Dec. 1665. Mal lory R. obt. unmar. bur. at Barl borough 19tb Dec. 1666. iv1 VJ Elizabeth. Mary. Anne. Gertrude. Priscilla, mar. to John Bright. Lenox, mar. to Sir Marma- dukeLangdale,of North Dal- ton, and also of Holme, in Spaldington, co. York, knt. first lord Lang- dale; she had Catherine, wife of Sir John Ho tham, of Scarbro*. co. York, knt and bart. i Sir Francis = Rodes, of Barlbro'. co. Derby, knighted at White hall, 9th Aug. anno 1641, and created a bart. 14 th of the same month ; obt. 8th Feb. 1645. Eliz. dau- and sole hei ress of Sir George Lassells, of Sturton and Gateford, co. Nottingham, knt.; she was 19 years old in 1614; she after wards mar. Allan Lockhart, a Scots man, and died 1666, bur. at Barlborough , Dec. 6. Arms. Ar gent, three chaplets, Gules. John R. esq. liv. 1695, being - very old, mar. and had only daughters. I Lassells SirF.= Rodes, Rodes, eld. son. of Eleanor. Barl- Frances. bro'. all obt.- co. infants. Derby.. Peter, a bart. divine, 2nd slain at son Winfield and Manor, heir, Lenox, died ux. John 3rd True- May, man. 1651. Ann, 3rd dau. of Sir Gervase Clifton, of Clifton, co. Nottingham,knt. and bart. by the lady Frances Clif ford, his 2nd wife, dau. of the Rt. Hon. Francis, earl of Cumber land, &c. Penelope, wife of HenryHolme, of Pal-holme, in Holder- ness, co. York, esq. -A. Catherine, ux. Leo nard Ro binson, of Newton Garth, co. York. Lettice, 4th : dau. of Sir GervaseClifton, of Clifton, co. Notts, knt. and bart. by the lady Francis Clif ford, dau. of the Rt. Hon. Fran cis, earl of Cumber land, 1st ux. =Chfton Rodes, of Stur ton, CO. Notts,esq. =Eliz. dau. of JohnSkrim shire, of Cot- grave. co.Notts.esq. 2ndwife. EI12.ffife of John Booth, of Gous- hull,co. Lin coln. George, Anne, both obt. young. John. R. of Stur ton, Not- tin g- ham- shire. * Elizabeth dau. of Simon Jessop, of Edyalls, near Lichfield, co. Staf ford. Sir Francis R.: of Barlbro'. co. Derby, bart. setat 14, annos temp. visitation, 16th March, 1662; high sheriff of Not tinghamshirein 1671; died 14th March, 1675, in the 28th year of his age. ¦ Martha, dau. of WilliamThornton, of Grantr- ham, co. Lincoln,gent. living,anno 1695. Jane, mar. Gervase to William Rodes, Hussey, of eld. son, ohn 1 London, capt. of a troop of horse under the king in Flanders, anno 1695. obt. an infant. John Rodes, 2nd son and heir, born 4th of May, 1662 ; he was cast away, as is sup posed, at sea, anno ; un married. Gertrude, wife of William Winter- ingham, minister of East Retford,co. Notts. I John R. of Corn^ hill, London,linen draper, eld. son, living, anno 1695. :Mary, dau. of William Tigh, citi zen and leather- seller, of London, son of Tigh, of Carlby Hope, Stamford,co. Lincoln. 'ii., Ann, wife of Henry Har rison, of Worksop, co. Notts. Francis and Charles R. married in America,had issue. Ann, eldest daughter, wife of Wm. Thorn ton, of Bloxhara, co. Lincoln, gent. eldest son and heir of George Thornton, of the same place, gent. 2nd son and heir of William Thornton, of Grantham, co. Lincoln, before-men tioned. Frances, ux. Sir John Rodes, William of Gilbert of Barlborough, R. aetat Heathcote, 4th bart. setat 25 G annos of Cuthorpe, years, 28th July, 14th co. Derby, 1695. Will dat. Feb. Doctor in 13th Mar. 1731, 1694-5. Physic. died unmarried, =¦ anno. 1743. Gerard Rodes, died young. Elizabeth, Rebecca, John, born eld. dau. born 10th 6th Oct. aet. 4 yrs. June, 1693; obt. circiter, 1692, obt. at 7 months 21st Sep. sat. 15 old. 1694. months. Cornelius = Elizabeth Middle- Heathcote, brooke, of Thorn, M. D. co. York. John Heathcote. Martha, mar. Mr. Beven. Rodes, gent, of London, grand son of John Rodes, linen draper, of London, on whom Sir John Rodes, bart. by his will, dated 15th March, 1751, entailed his estate, in failure of issue male of his sister Heathcote. 84 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER I I. waite. Gilbert Heathcote Rodes, John Heathcote,=Milicent Saterth- suceeeded his great-uncle, died, ast. 28. Sir John Rodes, in estate, and died unmarried in 1768. Martha, mar. Benjamin Elizabeth, married Dartlett. of Bradford, ] 6th of 3rd rnoiith co. York, apothecary, 1746, to Peter Ack^ 21st of 4th Month, 1744. lorn, of Hornsey co. York. , ohn, Cornelius Heathcote Rodes, John, unmar. succeeded to the estate of obt. S.P. his uncle, Gilbert Heath cote Rnrtcs ; died 6th Mar. 1825. ait. 70; buried at Barlborough. Elizabeth, sister of=Rev. Philip Acklom Reas- Mary Heatlicote. C. H. Rodes, esq. ton, rectorof Barlbro', co. obt. 22nd Novem- Derby, son of Mr. Reas- ber, 1821, set. 66. ton, of Hull, merchant. Cornelius Heathcote Reaston Rodes, of Barlborough, = Anna Maria Henrietta, youngest dau. of co. Derbv,' Clerk, M. A. nephew and heir to C. H. William Gossip, esq. of Hatfield House, Rodes, esq. in gratitude to whom he has assumed the in Doncaster, co. York, married at St. name and arms of Rodes, by Royal Sign Manual, George's, Hanover Square," London, 18th dated 20th April, 1825. June, 1825. The family of Rodes is of great antiquity. It has flourished nearly seven hundred years in the counties of Lincoln, Nottingham, York and Derby. They are lineally descended from Gerard de Rodes, a baron, who lived in the reigns of king Henry the Second, Richard the First, John, and Henry the Third, and received great favours from each of them ; and was sent by king John, as an ambassador, into foreign parts. Sir John Rodes, of Barlborough, was the eldest son of Judge Rodes, by Catherine, third daughter of Marmaduke Constable, of Holderness, in the county of York. Sir Francis, his son, who was the fifteenth generation from the above Gerard de Rodes, was knighted on the 9th of August, 164), and five days afterwards was created a baronet. He married Elizabeth, daughter arid sole heiress of Sir George Lassels, of Sturton and Gateford, in the county of Nottingham (he died the 8th of Feb. in the 28th year of his age, A. D. 1645) and was succeeded by his son, Sir Francis, the second baronet, who married the daughter of Sir Gervase Clifton, of Clifton, in the county of Nottingham, and died in the year 1651. Sir Francis, his son, married Martha, the daughter of William Thornton; of Grantham, in the county of Lincoln, gent. He was succeeded by Sir John Rodes, his son, who died without issue in the year 1743, and was the last person who enjoyed the title. The sister of Sir John Rodes married Gilbert Heathcote, esq. whose eldest son became possessed of the manor of Barlborough, and took the name of Rodes; but dying unmarried, his nephew, Cor nelius Heathcote, esq. upon his decease succeeded to the estate, and also took the name of Rodes. He died the 6th of March, 1825, aged 70, and was succeeded by his nephew, the Rev. Cornelius Heathcote Reaston, who has also assumed the name of Rodes, and is the proprietor of 1651 a. 2r. 31p. of land in this township, and is joint lord of the manor with Mr. Pole. Rev. C. H. R. Rodes is also proprietor and lord of the manor of Elmton and part of Creswell, containing together about 2000 acres. Park Hall, a delightful residence and a good estate of 829 a. 0 r. 32 p. is the pro perty of E. S. C. Pole, of Radborne, esq. Beighton Fields, a pleasant seat and 56 a. of land, is the residence and property of Bruno Bowden, esq. Ii. Bowden, esq. of Southgate House, owns 176 a. 3 r. 2 p. in this township. Since the last sheet went to press, in which the acreage of Barlborough is given, another survey has been forwarded to the Publisher, in which the acreage is stated to be 3301 a. 0 r. 12 p. divided among thirty-four proprietors. The principal of whom we have already named, except Mrs. Mary Hill, who owns an estate here of 146 a. 1 r. 20 p. ; the Rector of Barlborough 73 a. 3 r. 28 p. ; Mr. Thomas Holds- worth 60 a.0r.ip.; John Norborne 30 acres; Richard Froggatt 20 acres; Wil liam Arthur 1 9 acres, and seventeen smaller proprietors. BARLOW MAGNA, or GREAT BARLOW, is a parochial chapelry, township Barley' and constablery attached to the parish of Staveley, in the hundred of Scarsdale. The distance from Staveley is about six miles and a half, and from Chesterfield between three and four. OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 85 The townships of Great and Little Barlow contained in 1821, 134 houses, 136 families, and 708 inhabitants. Of the 136 families, 49 were employed in agricul ture, 68 in trade and handicraft, and 19 variously. The parish of Great Barlow contains 3372 a. 0 r. 37 p. of land, of which five-sixths are arable, meadow and pasture, in nearly equal divisions, but the arable rather ex ceeds the proportion of the other two ; and the other sixth is wood and moor land, which is kept out of cultivation for the propagation and preservation of moor-game. The tithes are redeemed by the enclosure bill of 1817. The farms are in general small, and the rent is about 25s. per acre. The lower part of the parish is a good loamy soil, but the upper part is cold and heavy. There are in Great Barlow 128 houses and 563 inhabitants. There are 26 freeholders, 12 resident and 14 non-resi dent. Seven of the freeholders are from 40*. to £10. and the remainder as high as from .£10. to £200. per annum. The annual value of the buildings and land is £1973. is. — The families are principally supported by agriculture. The average annual amount of the parochial expenses, for the last seven years, has been ,£168. 2s. 10jd. There is no house of industry, and the poor are relieved at their own dwell ings. — There is one friendly society, consisting of 109 members: one endowed pa rochial school and one Sunday-school : at the latter, between 40 and 50 scholars are educated, and it is supported by voluntary subscription. The Duke of Rutland is the most considerable landed proprietor, and lord of the manor. His Grace holds no court, as the manorial rights were redeemed at the time of the enclosure bill, but he has still a claim of dues on minerals in the common land. A part of an old wall, supposed to be the ruins of Barlow hall, is still in existence. In Barlie, Hacon had two parts of one carucate of land to be taxed; land to half a plough. Six villanes and one bordar have there now one plough. There are two acres of meadow. Wood and pasture, one mile and a half long and eight quarentens broad. Value in king Edward's time and now 10s. Ascuit Musard holds it. — In Barleie, Lewric and Uctred had two ox-gangs and a half of land to be taxed,' land to five oxen j three villanes and four bordars have now there one plough. Wood pas ture three miles long and four quarentens broad. Value in king Edward's time and now 6s. 8d. D. B. The family of Abitot or Apetoft held the manor of Barlow in the reign of Edward I. : but in 18 Edward II. we find that Robert de Barlow held Barlow under Ralph de Frescheville, on the tenure of military service and attendance in the manor court. In 25 Henry VIII. the Barlows continued in possession under the same tenure. — About the year 1530-1, Robert Barlow married Elizabeth, the heiress of Hardwick, but he died within a few years after the marriage, and she became, successively, the wife of three other husbands, the last of whom was the Earl of Shrewsbury. In 1593, the manor was purchased of James Barlow, by George, Earl of Shrewsbury. The manor passed by purchase, marriage or descent, through the families of Newcastle, Oxford and Portland, and is now in the possession of the Duke of Rutland, in ex change for the manor of Whitwell. In the church, there are monuments and other memorials of the Barlow family, but they are much defaced. One represents a knight in armour, and is said to be the tomb of Robert Barlow, who died in 1467. The Hving is a perpetual curacy ; the presentation of which is in the gift of the rector of Stavejey, and the Rev. Thomas Field is the present incumbent. The value of the living has been augmented in the following manner : £410. and £10. per an num rent-charge, given by Edward, Earl of Oxford ; £700. Royal Bounty, and £1000. by parliamentary grant. The annual income is about £120. per annum. There are very few dissenters in this parish, and no licensed place for sectarian worship. Arms and Inscriptions in the Church. Orate pro anima Roberti Barley nup qui obiit Hie jacet Robertus Barley et uxor ejus qui indie assumpsionis beats Marise Virgiuis, Anno Dom. dem Robertus obiit 2 die Februari Anno Dom. 1532, 1467- quorum animabuspropitietur Deus Amen. Item Orate pro bono statu Margarets uxoris Blue. Six shields of arms iu the windows. 86 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER, Charities. Bargh John .» Crashaw John Gisborne, Rev. Francis Mellor Mower Robert Stevenson Thomas Stevenson Susanna .... Rent charge £20 Funds £5 Rent charge '£50.; and land called! the Brockwells, from J- ..two to three acres. J 0 10 0 Poor 0 10 0 ditto 5 10 0 ditto 0 5 0 ditto 10 0 ditto 3 5 0 ditto 2 15 0 School Will 13th November, 1798. Will, 9th December, 1816. Will 1818. Will 5th January, 1732. Deed 1775. Will May 12th, 1743. Will 9th November, 1752. LITTLE BARLOW is a hamlet in the parish of Dronfield, and adjoins Great Barlow Parva, Barlow ; the number of inhabitants is at present 56, who '" ey' are mostly occupied in agriculture. The quantity of land is 512 a. 1 r. 33 p. of indifferent quality, and the average rental is about 20*. per acre. The land is divided into arable, meadow and pasture, in nearly equal proportions. The farms are small, and the tithes are collected by a fixed rate of composition. The buildings and land are valued at £294. 7*. per annum. The average poors' rate and other parochial expenses, for the last seven years, has been £38. 19*. 9d. per annum. The Duke of Rutland is lord of the manor, and the inhabitants are chiefly tenants to his Grace. The nearest place of worship is the chapel at Great Barlow, but the parsonage- house is in Little Barlow. The inhabitants pay church-rates to Dronfield, but are assessed for highways, &c. with Great Barlow. Adjoining Little Barlow is a very large bog, called Leech-field or Leash-field, from which two considerable brooks take their rise, supposed to occupy five or six hundred acres, being between three and four miles in circumference. There is a tradition that a town formerly stood here ; from which has arisen the following proverbial rhymes : When Leech-field was a market town, Chesterfield was gorse and broom ; Now Chesterfield's a market town. Leech-field a marsh is grown. About a mile from Leech-field, near the Sheffield road, is a huge, isolated stone, called the Eagle-stone. It appears to be the work of nature, and is a solid mass, though not without some fissures. The Nelson-rocks are three stones of a similar character, but of less dimensions, on the other side of the road, upon one of the lofty hills that overlooks Barlow, Chatsworth, &c. Near them is a stone pillar, carved with Nelson's name, the date of the battle of Trafalgar, and the names of the vessels engaged. It also bears the names of the persons who were at the expense of the erection. On these moors, the Duke of Rutland has been accompanied in the sport of moor- game shooting, by their Graces of Devonshire and Wellington, the late Duke of York, and numerous other noble persons. Barmoor Clough, in Chapel-en-le- Frith ; at which place may be seen the ebbing and flowing well. Barmoor, in Hathersage. BARROW. This village, called Barrow-upon-Trent, is a township, constablery, Barewe. an(\ parish, situate in the deanery of Derby. It extends into the hundreds of Appletree and Morleston and Litchurch ; and its distance from Derby is about 6 m. S. W. The name was probably derived from a very large barrow within the parish. The village stands between the Trent and the canal called the Trent and Mersey navigation ; while the parish comprises the hamlets or townships of Arlestori and Sinfen, with the chapelries of Twyford and Stenson. The township contains 54 houses, 57 families, and 307 inhabitants. Of the57 fam ilies 43 are chiefly employed in agriculture, 12 in trade or handicraft, and 2 are in dependent. The land is excellent: its extent is about 1150 acres, tithe free, at an average rental of 37*. 6d. or 40*. per acre. The Rev. Henry de Voeux, lord of the manor, owns 400 acres; John Beaumont, esq. 220 acres; Richard Sale, gent. 180 acres; John Bancroft, gent. 160 acres; Sir George Crewe, bart. 86 acres; S. E. Bristowe, esq. 70 acres •; Rev. William Heacock 36 acres, and Mr. Porter 16 acres. OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 87 The estimated annual value of all the buildings arid land is £1457. 4*. 2d. The amount of the poors' rate, county rates and constables' accounts, taking an average of seven years, is £156. is. ld. The church rate and highway rate are collected as a separate assessment. In Barewe, Godwin and Colegriner had three and a half ox-gangs of land to be taxed. It is waste. One villane has there four oxen and eight acres of meadow. Value in king Edward's time 13s. id. now 2*. In Barewe, twelve ox-gangs of land to be taxed, soke to Melbourne. There is a priest and a church, and one sokeman with half a plough and eighteen acres of meadow. Belonging to Ralph Fitzhubert. D. B. 293, 310, 320. Barrow, according to Willis, belonged formerly to the knights Templar ; and six ox-gangs of land within and without this village, with their appurtenances were the property of the priory at Repton. Barrow was bestowed upon Henry de Ferrars by William the Conqueror. Before 1273 the bishops of Carlisle had an estate here as parcel of the rectory of Melbourn, and this manor was held on lease by the Cokes of Melbourn under the see of Carlisle, until in 1704 it was enfranchised by an Act of Parliament, when it became the freehold of the Cokes. Subsequently it passed by marriage into the possession of Lord Melbourn, by whom it was sold about twenty- nine years ago to Daniel Dalrymple, esq. whose heiress brought it and other property to the Rev. Henry de Vceux, the present proprietor. In 1519 William Bothe, esq. died seised of lands at Barrow on Trent, which he held under the Priory of St. John, which lands were bestowed on the Prior and convent of St. John of Jerusalem, by Robert de Bakepuze, in the reign of Henry II. ; and the priory had a precentor at this place. The church has a handsome tower, with battlements. It is dedicated to St. Wil frid. The living is a vicarage, valued in the king's book at £20. and yearly tenths 10*. 7f d. It has been augmented with £200. from the royal bounty, and there are 36 acres of glebe land. The present income is about £120. per annum. John Beau mont, esq. is the patron, and the Rev. William Heacock is the present vicar. Upon an alabaster stone at the entrance within the chancel is the effigy of a man in armour, and in the inscription appears the name of John Bothe, 1482. There is also the monument of another John Bothe, 1413. In the south wall of the south aisle of Barrow church, under an arch, is the effigy of an ecclesiastic, in rich drapery, now set upright. Several monuments have been destroyed by alterations. Monumental Inscriptions. On an alabaster tomb : Here lieth the bodie of Wil- lyeth buriedin St. Werburgh's church, at Darbye. To Ham Sale, of Barrow, gent, sonne of Richard Sale, of whose memories John Milward, of London, their Weston, clarke, deceased 17th Nov. 1663, aged 74. youngest childe, hath erected these monuments. Here lieth the body of Cicely Beaumont, wife of A faithful, loving, chearful wife, her husband's Robert Beaumont, of Barrow, gent, she was the eldest comfort she, daughter of Sir Thomas Beaumont, of Gracedieu, Elizabeth was ever found modest and wise to bee ; bart. in the county of Leicester, she left issue one son Good housewife and good housekeeper, still helpful and one daughter; and departed this life ye 5th day to the poor, of Julv, 1695, aged 47. A neighbour kinde, byallapprov'd, according to her Here lieth the bodie of Robert Beaumont, of Bar- store. row, gent, who had three wives : left issue by the first, A matron wise, a mother deere, fifty-two years a one son and one daughter ; and by the last, one son : wife ; he departed this life ye 1st of January, 1726, aged 70. A lover of God's word and church, during her mor- Here lieth the body of Henry Bancroft, who died tal life: 7th June, 1775, aged 22. And after seventy-three years pains, all greife and Here lieth buried the body of Elizabeth, the wife of sickness past, Henry Milward, of Sinfen, gent. She had issue five Her Saviour deere, she now enjoys, in joy which sons aud five daughters, and died 27th September, aye shall last. 1610. The said Henry died 25th January, 1615, and Charities. Sale Elizabeth I Rent charge I 2 14 0 1 Schoolmistress, to teach eight poor girls. Ditto | Rent charge | 1 6 0 | Poor, bread. The above two sums are paid by the Itev. Henry de Voeux, of Carlton House, near Newark. ' Barrow hall is the seat of John Beaumont, esq. The distinguished and highly allied family of Beaumont deduce their origin from the early sovereigns of France. The first mention of their connexion with this country 88 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER appears in the marriage of Richard, Viscount de Beaumont to Constance, a natural daughter of Henry I. In the twelfth century Eremengarda, the grand-daughter of Richard de Beaumont, espoused William, king of Scotland, and became the mother of a line of kings ; and in the next generation, we find the possessions and honours of the Beaumonts vested in a female (Agnes, Viscountess de Beaumont and Mayne) who married Lewis de Brienne, surnamed of Aeon. The family of Brienne was ex tensively and powerfully allied. Their names are celebrated in the Crusades. Gau- thier de Brienne became king of Naples and Sicily by his marriage with the daugh ter of Tancred : his brother John succeeded him, and, by espousing Yolanda, the daughter of the famous Conrad de Montserrat, became one of the early nominal sov ereigns of Jerusalem. Lewis of Aeon, who married the heiress of the Viscounts de Beaumonts, was the second son of the king of Naples, and his children took the name of Beaumont. The eldest of these accompanied the famous Isabel (termed by Gray, " she- wolf of France") wife of the unhappy Edward II. to England ; and John, another of the sons of Lewis de Aeon, became the ancestor of the French branch of the Beaumonts. In the next generation, the Beaumonts became doubly connected with the reigning royal family, by the marriages of John, Lord Beaumont, and his sister Isabella ; the latter with Henry of Lancaster, and the former with the sister of that , prince. About the termination of the fourteenth century, the family branched into two lines, of which the elder, in the course of two generations, terminated in a female, who married John, Lord Lovell. John, Lord Beaumont, the father of the wife of Lord Lovell, was created Viscount Beaumont in 1434 : he was constable and cham berlain of England, and fell at the battle of Northampton, July 10, 1460. The other line proceeded from Sir Thomas Beaumont, Lord of Basqueville, in France, warden of the cinque ports, and governor of Dover castle. His eldest son, Sir John, of Cole- orton, was ancestor of the Beaumonts of Coleorton, now existing : he was slain at the battle of Towton, fighting under the banners of the Red Rose faction. From Thomas, the second son of Sir Thomas of Basqueville, descended the Gracedieu and the Barrow branches ; which branches were united by the marriage of Robert Beau mont, of Barrow, with Cicely, the heiress of the other line. The Gracedieu Beau monts have produced men of great literary talents. Sir Francis Beaumont, of Grace dieu was one of the Judges of the Common Pleas, in the reign of Elizabeth.* Two of his sons (John and Francis) distinguished themselves as poets, and though the works of the former are now little read, they were popular for many years: the Dra matic works written by the latter in conjunction with his friend Fletcher, son of the Bishop of London, will ever be ranked among the highest classics of our language. Joseph Beaumont, Master of Jesus College and Peterhouse in the seventeenth century, was of the same family, and published several poems of a religious nature. Sir John Beaumont, son of Sir John Beaumont, the poet, edited his father's works. He was remarkable for his extraordinary strength and agility. In the troubles during the reign of Charles I. he joined the royalists, and was slain at the siege of Gloucester. John Beaumont, of Barrow-upon-Trent, esq. married, about four years ago, one of the daughters of Lord Scarsdale. Mr. Beaumont was nominated, by the Lord Lieu tenant of this county, his Grace the Duke of Devonshire, Justice ofthe Peace and Depu ty Lieut for the county of Derby, soon after the passing of the Catholic Relief Bill. Among the suffering loyalists are noticed Sir John, a Colonel in the king's army (who died in the service) who, with Lord Beaumont, Sir Thomas Beaumont, Thomas Beaumont, of York, and George Beaumont, paid £5000. and Sir Thomas Beau mont, sixth son of the first bart. paid £1190. composition. The Sales and the Bancrofts have long been seated here, and are families of good estate and highly respectable. * There are extantletters from Francis Beaumont to the Earl of Shrewsbury. One, dated Normanton, near Derby, July 3, 1589, contains an apology for omitting to pay £100. on a certain day, and requests the Earl's permission to name him his chief patron in his introductory speech, in the Court of Common Pleas as a ser geant at law, such being then the custom on those occasions. In a letter from Gracedieu he requests some venison for the sergeant's feast, Dec. 15th, anil desires his Lordship's acceptance of a sergeant's ring : he also describes the tenure of land, called the Castle Orchard, in Melbourn. In Dec. 1590, he writes a letter of condo lence and congratulation to the new Earl. HnSf Pedigree of the ancient and noble Family of BEAUMONT, of Gracedieu and Barrow. ARMS. Azure, semee de lis, Or, a Lion rampant, Argent. CREST. On a Chapeau, Ermine, a Lion passant, Or. MOTTO. Erectus non Elatus. Mr. Beaumont is entitled to quarter Beaumont, Bracebridge, Mitigate, Maureward, Quarter Mars, Sheppev Everin„h,m Comme, Boghan and others, Beaumont of Gracedieu, Hastings, Hungerford &c ' Lvuin8hdm> SEAT. Barrow Hall. Gouthier, Count de Brienne. = Alix. * Said by some to be descended from Lewis, son to Charles, Earl of Anjou, a younger son of Lewis V1I1 king of France. Richard, Viscount de Beaumont. = Constance, natural dau. of Henry I. king of England. Andre de Brienne = Alex, dame de Venisy, Erard, Count = Agnes. Richard, Viscount = Seig.ieur de Rameru. descended from Floras, de Brienne, I Beaumont I son of Philip I. king of eldest son. France. William, mar. Ralph, bishop the dan of Holland, of Anjou, 1179. Lord llieux, in Brcra,m,v Erard de B. Seigneur de R. and de Venisy, allied to Philip de Champagne, dau. to Henry, Count de C. and Brie, king of Jerusalem. Gauthier, Count de B. king of Naples and Sicily, mar. Sibill, dau. of Tancred, king of Naples and Sicily. Mary, dau. of = John de B. = Beriengena, Conrade Montif- king of Je- dau. of AU farat, queen and rusalem, phonsus IX. heir of the king- elected and king of Cas- domof.Tcrti- crowned tile and Leon, salem. 120!)-10. John mar. 1223, died 1237. 2nd wife. Rich. Viscount = de Beaumont. William, bishop of Angers. Constance, ux. of Toney. Gauthier, Count de Brienne. Mary, dau. of Hugh I. king of Cyprus. Yoland, queen of Jerusalem, wife of Frederick III. emperor of Germany and king of Sicily. John, Count de B. = Mary de Enghien. Conrade, emperor of Germany, king of Sicily and Jerusalem. Alphonsus de Aeon, Count de B. and de Eu, chamberlain of F'rance, eldest son and heir, died in 12/0. Martha, mar. to Baldwin de Courtney, emperor of Constantinople. Lewis de Brienne, = Agnes, Vis called de Aeon, died 12113. His children assumed the name of Beaumont in respect to their mother's family. Hugh, Count de B. and de Liche, Duke of Athens. John de Brienne. countess de Beaumont and Maync, dau. and heir of Richard, died 1300. I^remengard, mar. llllli, William, king of Scot land. Alexander III. king of Scotland. Henry de Beaumont, Earl of Bu- = Alice, dau. and co-heir chan, came into England with queen Isabel, wife of Edward II. some authors say queen Eleanor, wife of Edward I. died 1340.* of Alexander Coinyn, Earl of Buchan, in Scotland, died 1349. Isabella, ux. of John de Vesey, of Alnwick, died 3 Edw. III. styled kins woman to Eleanor, wile of Edward I. Theobold, Lewis de Beaumont, conse- archbishop crated bishop of Durham, of Paris. died Sept. 2!lth, 1333, bur. at Durham, under a tomb of curious workmanship. John, Viscount de Beaumont, from whom the Viscounts Beaumont in France derive their descent. John, Lord Beaumont, of Falking- ham, died 1345. Eleanor I'lanta- = Richard Fitz <»enet, sister of Allen, Earl Henry, Duke of of Arundel, Lancaster, died 2nd husband. 1373. Elizabeth, ux. of John, Lord Audley, co. Stafford. Thomas de Beaumont, Lord of Boulton Percy, co. York. Catherine, wife of 3rd Earl of Athol. Beatrix, ux. of Count de Danmartin, in France. Isabella, ux. of Henry Plantagenet, Duke of Lancaster. Joan, ux. of Lord Fitzwalter. Two sons, and one daughter, all died S. P. „„U^— .--""sews.--"* T "•"""• d"SfiSdtV*'"M " KS8» = tttiOSV born in Brabant, 1340, died 1309. i ~~ , , . — Tfntherine dau and heir of Sir Thomas Everingham, Join, Lord Beaumont, of Falkingham K. G and banneret, -r Kathmne^dar . « Nottinghanl) knt. died 1426. Admiral of the king's fleet, &c. died 1397. j _ ., Henry, Lord Beaumont, of Falkingham, born in the castle there, 13111, died 1413. Elizabeth, dau. of William, Lord Willoughby, of Eresby, died 1427. Eleanor, a nun. Margaret, a nun. Elizabeth, wife of William, Lord Botereux. Sir Thomas B. knt. Lord of Bas queville, in France, 5 Hen. VI. Warden of the Cinque Ports, Governor of Dover castle, and Regent of France (in the mi nority of Hen. VI.) died 1457. Philippa, dau. and heir of Sir Thomas Maureward, knt. of Overton Quarter Marsh, alias Cole Orton, co. Leicester. Elizabeth, dau. and heir of Lord Bar- dolp, died before 19 Henry VI. John, Lord Beaumont, born ; 1410, created Viscount B. 1434, was constable and chamberlain of England, slain at the battle of North ampton, July 10, 1460. - Catherine, dau. of Ralph Neville, Farl of Westmoreland, 2nd wife, relict of John Mowbray, Duke of Norfolk. This Lady had four husbands, viz. Duke ot JN. Thomas Strangeways, esq. Viscount Beaumont, and Sir John Widville, knt. brother of Anthony, Earl Rivers. Sir John Beaumont, of Thomas Beaumont, of = Coleorton, knt. slain Thringston, 11 Hen. Vll at the battle of Towton, co. York, on the part of , Henry VI. Mar. 29, 1461, mar. Joan, dau. of John, Lord Darcy, ancestor of the Coleorton family. Thomas Beaumont, of Thringston, 22 Henry VIII. : Mary, dau. of Robert Moton, of Peekleton, co. Leicester. loan dau of - Will am, Viscount Beau- = Elizabeth, dau. Humphrey ~ mont and Lord Bardolph, and co-heir of Humphrey tainted 1461 rest0red Richard Scrope, 14115, died S. P. Dec. 211, of Bolton, died 1507, declared by Par- 1837 ; mar 2ndly liament to be not of John de Vere^ sane mind, 1487. .Earl of Oxford, died 4 Henry VIII. Stafford, Duke of Buckingham Joan, sister and heir, mar. John, Lord Lovell, Holland and Burnell. John Beaumont, esq. (purchased Gracedieu) mas ter of the rolls, and surveyor of Leicester for the Elizabeth, eldest dau. and co-heir of Sir Wm. Hast ings, knt. youngest brother of George, Earl of Hunt ingdon. Edward Beau- = Anne, dau. and mont, of Barrow, esq. settled here about the year 1550. heir of Milgate, of Lockington, co. Leicester. Ifl 1_11_, ~* lust. Com. Pleas, died at Gracedieu, 22nd April, 1598 Holme Pierpoint, ^o. Nottingham, knt. and relict of Thomas Thorold, of Mars- ton, co. Lincoln. William Beaumont, of Barrow, = Elizabeth, dau. .of Sir FraL Beaumont, of Gracedieu, = -^SKtt. ^dSh^S, .Sutton, of Derby. This lady enter tained Mary, Queen atS£0JiiU_ Sir Henry : Beaumont, died 13th July, 1605. = Barbara, John Beau- = dau. of mont, created Anthony a bart. 1626, Faunt, of died at Grace- Foston, co. dieu, 1626, A" Poet. I Barbara, posthumous dau. mar. 1st to John Harpur, esq. who died S. P. 1627 ; 2ndly, to Sir Wolstan Dixie. Elizabeth, dau. of John Fortesque, esq. and great-grand dau. of Sir Richard Pole, K. G. by Mart"— ¦"*- da"- and heir Clarence, brother to king Edward IV. Francis Beaumont, of the Inner Temple, esq. the celebrated Dramatic Writer, died 9th March, IClE lB^ng^l *^0. linr at Westminster. Edward, Francis B. = Elizabeth, died young, esq. a Ma jor for king Charles I. died Jan. 2, 1661. (et. 92-_ dau. and heir of Si- Christo mon Brae-:- pher. bridge, of Thomas. JT.wvford. . co. Derby, esq. Edward. Elizabeth, Helen. William, wife of Isaac Mary. Bennet, of Anne. Derby. Jane. Dorot'iy, wife ui' vviniam Neale, of Derby. Sir John Beau mont, born 1607, a Colonel in the king's army, and was slain at the siege of Gloucester, 1644. Francis, an infant, and four other sons obt. unmar. Sir Thomas = Vere, only Four daus. Beaumont, born 1020, died July 7, 1«80, aged 66, bur. at Belton. dau. of Sir William Tufton. Edward Beaumont, died unmar. in France, 1660. Dorothy, dau. of John = John Beau- = Barbara, dau. Powtrell, of West Dallam, co. Derby, esq. John and Anne died children. mont, of Barrow, gent. (his elder brother, Ed ward, disin herited) a;t. 50, in Aug. 1662. of Edward Willoughby, of Coshall, co. Notting ham, 2nd wife. Cecily, dau. and co heiress of Sir Thomas Beaumont, of Gracedieu, bart. bur. 1697. = Robert Beaumont, of : Barrow, esq. ait. 7 in Aug. 1662, died Jan. 2, 1726-7. Jane, widow of Francis Lowe, of Owlgreaves, 2nd wife. Winifred, dau. of Francis Lowe, 3rd wife. Henry, set. 4, 1663. Thomas, living 1663. John, Edward, Frances, Anne, Dorothy, Mary, all dead in 1662. Barbara, £et. 5, 1662. Anne. Charles, mar. Eleanor Boss, in 1095. Francis, died unmarried. John, died very young. John Beaumont, esq. of Bar row, born 1694, bur. 1763. Joice Johnson, of Alvaston, co. Derby, niece to Thomas Allestree, esq. of the same place. Barbara, died very young. Barbara, abbess of a convent in Flanders. John Beaumont, of Harrow esq. Robert B. .bon. 1731, - Anne Wild. living there unmarried 1802. died Sept. 14, 1790. lidward, born 1732. Francis, born 1737, mar. Joyce, Catherine, Elizabeth Hibbert. Barbara, all died very young. S »,!,„ , J B._, tBS.-fSTS,, „ _ M.„ »-*-«£»'•'• L°" — * John, horn July 22, 1826. Robert Curzon, born 10th Dec. 1827. Edward, born 25th July, 1829. OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 89 BARTON BLOUNT is a village, township, constablery, and parish, in the hun- Barctune, died 0f Appletree. Its distance from Derby is about 1 1 m. westward. This township consists of 9 houses, 9 families, and 73 inhabitants : about 40 of whom are engaged in agriculture. The quantity of land is about 1200 acres, and the estimated annual value of the land and buildings is £2218. 15s. Two thirds of the land con.sist of meadow and pasture, the remainder is arable. The tithes of the whole parish is paid at a modus of £11. The farms are from 100 to 330 acres each, and the rent is about 40*. per acre. The soil is strong, upon a marl substratum, with a small proportion on gravel. A fine stream of water runs through the township. The poors' rate amounts to about 18c?. per acre. The male infant paupers are generally apprenticed to trades. F. Bradshaw, esq. is the lord of the manor, who, with E. S. C. Pole, esq. of Radbourn, the owner of Barton Fields farm, of about 206 acres, are the only freeholders. In, Barctune, Godric, another Godric, Edric, Levenot, Elfeg, Ledmor, Dunninc and Edward, had four carucates of land to be taxed. Land to four ploughs. There are three ploughs now in the demesne, and nineteen villanes and eleven bordars having seven ploughs. There is a priest, and a church, and two mills of 20s. and sixty-four acres of meadow, value in king Edward's time and now four pounds. D. B. 304. At the conquest, the manor of Barton or Barctune was given to Henry de Ferrars. In 1296 John de Bakepuze held it under Edward, Earl of Lancaster. Many of the Bakepuze or Bakepuize family resided here, and lie buried in the church ; and their arms were emblazoned on some of the church windows. This family were adhe rents of the house of Ferrars, Earls of Derby, to whose deeds they appear to be often witnesses. All or great part of the lands of Ferrars, in Derbyshire, were made over to Ralf de Bakepuize (who died 25 Edward I.) in trust some way or other, to preserve them during the misfortunes of that family. This appears from the circumstance that Ralf de Bakepuize held Alkmanton, Trusley, Radbourn and other lands which had previously belonged to the Ferrars. From the family of the Bakepuizes, the place acquired the denomination of Barton Bakepuize. In the reign of Henry IV. Barton came into the possession, by purchase, of Sir Walter Blount, who had a charter for free warren at Barton, in 1385, and who was afterwards slain at the battle of Shrewsbury, being then the king's standard-bearer. Sir Walter resided at Barton Park. His feoffee in trust, Thomas Langley, Bishop of Duresme and Lord Privy Seal to Henry IV. made, of part of these lands, a settle ment or dowry to Sancia de Ayale of Toledo, a Spanish lady, who came into England ivith Constancia, daughter of Peter, king of Castile, and wife of John of Gaunt, Duke )f Lancaster. This lady was then the widow of Sir Walter, as appears by the deed, lated at Barton 1 Henry V. and witnessed by Sir Nicholas Montgomery, Sir Nicholas Umgford, and Sir John Dabridgecourt, knts. ; Thomas Foljambe and John Fitz herbert, esqrs. Walter Blount, Lord High Treasurer to Edward IV. was created t,ord Mountjoy in 1465. His grandson, who died in 1535, directed by his will, that he should be buried at Barton. From the Blounts, the manor was called Barton Blount. About the middle of the sixteenth century it came into the family of Merry. Sir Henry Merry held it in 1611. The heiress of the Merrys married a Simpson about the year 1700. In 1751 it was purchased by Sir Nathaniel Curzon, of the trustees of Merry Simpson, who retired to a French monastery. Sir Nathaniel Curzon sold to Lister, Lister to Samuel Crompton, esq. who conveyed the manor and advowson of the church, to Francis Bradshaw, esq. the present proprietor. The church is an ancient and plain structure covered with ivy. Under an arch in the chancel there are some broken effigies, said to have been placed there agreeably to the will of Lord Mountjoy, and the figure of a female in a gown, represented in'the attitude of prayer, holding her heart in her hands. The hving is a rectory, in the archdeaconry of Derby, of the clear value of £20. with yearly tenths 9*. lid. The present value is about £75. per annum, arising from augmentations of £200. and £300. subscribed, and £600. royal bounty. Francis Bradshaw, esq. is the patron, and the present rector is the Rev. G. P. Lowther. 90 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER Pedigree of BRADSHAW, of Barton Blount. ARMS. Argent, two bends between as many martlets, Sable. CREST. A Hart, Gules, standing under a Vine branch, Vert, MOTTO. Qui vit content tlent assez. Henry Bradshaw, of Alderwasley, A. D. 1483. = Henry Bradshaw, of Alderwasley. Richard Bradshaw, of Alderwasley. Thomas™ Agnetta, dau. Margaret, ux. John Agnetta, ux. Wm. Bradshaw, of Alder wasley. of John Val- Bunting. Sanders. lance, of Aid- Isabella, ux. Roger Elizabeth, Alliee, erwasley. Hilton. and Joan. Anthony Richard = Ellen, dau. of Arthur. Brad- Bradshaw, shaw. of Alder wasley, obt. 1625. Bridget, ux. Wi!- Henry Spencer, Thomas, liam Wall, of of Bowman Lane, Alderwasley. obt. 1611. Anthony Bradshaw, of Belper, born=Anne. dau. of John Wall, of Ashley hey, 12th April, 1585, obt. 1642. I mar. 16th July, 1608, obt. 1648. Thomas, born Henry Bradshaw, — EUen, dau. of John Samuel, born Ellen, born 1609, Four other sods. at Belper, of Holbrook, bn. 1610, obt. 1614, obt. May 1639, unmar. 23, 1679, bur. at Duffield. Hill, of Over May- field, co. Stafford, obt. July, 1669. 1620, obt. un- Anne, born 1612. mar. bur. at Maria, born 1 623, obt. 1640. Wirksworth. Sarah, obt. 1633. All unmarried. Samuel Bradshaw, of Holbrook, esq.=Mary, dau. of born 1651, obt. 19th August, 1716, aet. 64 — 30 years receiver general of land tax in co. Derby, bur. at Duffield, Robert Fearne, of Bonsall, gent. mar. 1676. Anthony = Anne, dau. of Henry Lydia.. Bradshaw, i Lowe, of Park Hall, Anne, of Belper, in Denby, co. Derby. born 1653. ( ,, bom 1657. born 1662, Henry B. bom Anthony B. Samuel ^ 1677, died at 2nd son, minster, Essex", Gumberoone, born 1679, clerk, 3rd son, in Persia, 10th mar. Mar- born 1683, mar. May, 1707, at. tha',dau.of Mary, dau. of 31, obt. unmar. John More- Rev. Mr. Ellis, William, 7th wood, of ofGunningstone, son, born 1695, Alfreton, liv. 1716, obt. esq. died unmarried. soon after his father, S.P. of Up- Robert, 4th Thomas, Frances, Anne.= Joseph son, born 6th son, born Brad " born 1692 1685, obt. infant. Robert, 5th married son, obt. Frances, Notts, obt. 1769, bequeathing his estate to his re lation, Jos. Bag galey. obt. 1705, aged 18. dau. of Henry Fearne, of Snit terton. 1681, ux. shaw. John Dale.Ellen, bn. 1697, obt. infant. ley, of Hol brook, Mary, ux, Frances Radford, of Hol brook, gent Dorothy, UX. Henry Browne, of Alfreton, gent.Ellen, obt, young. Joseph Baggaley Bradshaw, of Holbrook, esq. took the name,=Frances, dau. ofthe Rev. Francis Bower, arms, and estate of Bradshaw in 1767, sheriff in 1777- I rector of Barlborough, co. Derby. Samuel, obt. young, Francis Bradshaw, of Bar-. Anne, mar. Thomas ton Blount, esq. sheriff Porter Bonell, of in 1806, living A. D. 1829. Duffield, esq. she died 20lh Oct. 1821. •Elizabeth, 4th dau. of Sir Robert Wilmot, bart, of Chaddesden. J1Mary. Elizabeth, mar. John Mary. Edwin Biscae, esq. Joseph. 15th Jan. 1793. Harriett. Henry. Charlotte, mar. Maria, mar. Elizabeth. R. S. Sitwell, of Rev. Chas. Harriett. Kirk Hallam, Cotton, ree- Emilia. esq. Nov. 19th tor of Dal- 1821. bury. Francis Bradshaw, of=Mary Ann, dau. of Amelia. Barton Blount, juu. i Robert Holden, esq. living 1829. esq. of Nutthall, Notts, mar. 18th December, 1823. Mary Anne, born 23rd March, 1826. Francis, born 13th Sep. 1827. Henry, bom 19th March, 1 OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 91 The foregoing table is copied from an old Latin Pedigree at Barton Blount, monuments, &c. Though the connexion is not directly shown, yet this family are certainly descended from that of Bradshaw in the Peak, which latter family are said to be descended from the same ancestor as the Bradshaws of Haigh, near Wigan, in Lancashire, who were lineally descended from Sir John Bradshaw, knt. of the race of the Saxons, at the Norman conquest, when he was repossessed of his estate by king William I. Barton hall stands near the ancient church, in a fine open country, surrounded by excellent land. The old hall or manor house was a castellated building, surrounded by a moat. During the civil wars it was garrisoned by the parliament's troops, under the command of Colonel Gell, in October, 1644, for the purpose of watching the movements of the king's troops at the garrison of Tutbury. On the 15th of February, 1646, a skirmish occurred between the two garrisons ; and it appears, by an entry in the parish register of Longford, that, on the 24th of August, 1645, a previous skir mish had taken place, in which two men were killed by pistol shots, at Alkmanton, and that two bullets, having entered the back of one of these men, came out at his belly. The ancient hall has undergone great alterations, the present owner and occu pier having enlarged and modernized the building, so that its appearance is com pletely changed ; excepting that two towers in the east front remain to indicate its former character. BARWARDCOTE, is a small village and lordship in the parish of Etwall, and uerewardescote, hundred of Appletree, consisting of two or three farm houses. The capital mansion, mentioned in Wolley's manu script more than a century ago, was the residence of the Boningtons. In Bernulfestun and Berewardescote, Gamel had ten ox-gangs ; Aluric two ox- gangs ; Elric two ox-gangs ; Ledmer one ox-gang ; Leving one ox-gang ; had in the whole two carucates of land to be taxed. Land to three ploughs. There are now three ploughs in the demesne, and eight villanes, and one bordar have four ploughs. There are thirty-six acres of meadow, and an equal quantity of coppice wood. Value in Icing Edward's time iOs. now 30s. D. B. 312. This manor and Burnaston was part of the estates of Henry de Ferrars at the Domesday Survey. In 1290 these manors were held by Roger de Chambreis. In ¦ 1297 they were held under the Earl of Lancaster. In 1370 John de Bakepuze held them for one knights' fee ; and in the reign of Henry IV. they were held by the Boningtons. In the manuscript of Wolley it is said, that the last of that family sold the manor of Barwardcote to Samuel Pole, of Radburne, esq. but Lysons states that it was sold, in 1672, to William Turner, of Derby. Exuperius Turner sold it to Robert Newton, esq. who, in 1789, bequeathed it to John Leaper, esq. That gentleman took the name of Newton, and his son, Robert Newton, esq. is the present proprietor. BASLOW is a considerable village, township, constablery and parochial chapelry, Basseiawe, distant about 5 m. E. of Bakewell, and 7 m. W. from Chesterfield, situate in a valley on the east bank of the river Derwent, in the hun dred of High Peak. Almost the whole population, which is estimated at less than 1000, consisting of 170 families, occupying about 170 houses, are chiefly employed in agriculture : the only manufacture being a few looms for weaving calicos and ging hams. There are in this village a tanner, three millers, three maltsters, a saddler, three shoemakers, a surgeon, chandler, millwright, blacksmith, tailor, baker, draper, and other shopkeepers, and five victuallers. The townships of Curbar, Froggatt, and Rowland, and the village of Bubnell, are within the chapelry of Baslow : the two former, and the latter, make part of the manor, which is the property of the Duke of Rutland, whose estate here consists of 2602 acres in Baslow, 2403 acres in Bubnell, 1202 acres in Curbar, and 248 acres in Froggatt. The land is principally gritstone, and the extensive moors present but a barren appearance. The farms are under 150 acres each, and the rent of the land cultivated varies from 1 0s. to 60*. per acre. The annual estimated value of all the land and buildings in the township of Baslow is, £1961. 10*. lod. The Duke of Rutland 92 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER is lessee under the Dean and Chapter of Lichfield for the tithes, which are in the rent. The average parochial expenses, during the last seven years, is £449. per annum. This amount includes the poors' rate, county rate, and constables' accounts, mole- catcher, £11. &c. Th'e wages of labourers are from seven to twelve shillings per week, and there are six or seven employed in house-row- work. There is no workhouse, con sequently the inhabitants send their paupers to Ashover. Besides the endowed free school, there are two Sunday schools, one at the church, and the other at the meeting-house, supported by voluntary contributions. > There is a sort of Friendly Society, under the name of Odd Fellows. The river Derwent waters part qf the town, over which there is a county bridge. In 6 Edward I. Gilbert de Fraunceys was possessed of the manor of Basselawe; and in the 25th of the same reign, Richard de Vernon was possessed of the same manor. It appears by the Calend. Inquis. Post Mort. that in 16 Edward II: there were four water-mills at Baslow, held by Richard Vernon and his wife Matilda, who also held half of the manor of Basselawe. John, Earl of Shrewsbury was seised of this manor in the reign of Henry VI. Some records describe a moiety ofthe manor of Baslow as held under the Abbot of Darley, in the reign of Henry VI. together with the manor of Bubnell, by John, Earl of Shrewsbury. Bubnell or Bobenhall was, at the time of the Norman Survey, a berewick to Aisse ford. It was long in the possession of the Fraunceys. At present the Duke of Rut land is in possession of this manor, and holds a court once in every three years. The church at Baslow is a very ancient edifice, with a tower terminated by a low spire. The hving is a perpetual curacy, under the peculiar jurisdiction of the Dean and Chapter of Lichfield, valued in the king's' books at £27. 16*. 8d. It has been augmented by the royal bounty £800. and by parliamentary grant £1000. and is now worth from £150. to £180. per annum. The patronage was formerly possessed by the vicar of Bakewell, but by an Act of Parliament, passed in 1811, the presentation was vested in the Duke of Devonshire. The present incumbent is the Rev. A. Auriel Barker, M. A. Monumental Inscriptions in the Church. Theodore Weston, of PHsley, died 1st June, 1818, daughter of the Rev. Robert Barker, rector of St aged 84. Ann's, Manchester. Robert Bromehead, of Bubnell hall, died 16th Feb. Thomas Gardom, gent, of Clifie house, died 9th 1698, aged 60. Jan. 1817, aged 68. The Rev. John Swift, many years minister of Bas- Thomas Froggatt, of Calver, yeoman, died 22nd low, died 4th Nov. 1766. Dec. 1710, aged 45. "Blessed and holy is he that Rev. John Farrer, twenty-seven years minister of bath part in the first resurrection, on such the second Baslow, died 31st Aug. 1794, aged 62. death hath no power." Elizabeth, wifeof George Gardom, of Bubnell, gent. There are other memorials for the Oddys, &e. Charities to the Chapelry. STANTON FORD SCHOOL, about half a mile master isappointed by theinhabitantsof thechapelry. from the village, consisting of a school-room with two For the emoluments, which are about £12. per an- chambers over the same, in which the master resides, num, he teaches ten children, appointed by the min- a garden and field containing about three acres. The ister and chapel warden. Chapman Humphrey... I Land 14 0 01 Schoolm. Min. and Poor I Surrender made 21st April, 1777. Gisborne Rev. Francis | In the Funds | 5 10 0 1 Clothing for the Poor ... | Will 1818. Charities to the Township. Pilsley lands Turnpike security . Wheston lands 6 a. 3 r. 22 p. £25 3a. Ir. 14 p. White Margaret | £20. . 8 0 0 Interest 4 10 0 Interest {"Minister, Poor, and School* \ t master J Ditto Ditto Minister and Poor r Supposed to have been left I by George White. (¦Supposed tohavebeenleftny l Robt. Stafford and others. The annual custom of kit-dressing which takes place here at the wakes, has been already noticed. BEARD and OLLERSET, two villages, forming one township and constablery in the chapelry of Hayfield, in the parish of Glossop and hundred of High Peak. OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 93 Beard contained, in 1821, 56 houses, 57 families, and 332 inhabitants. Ollerset, 48 houses, 48 families, and 293 inhabitants. Of the 105 families, 28 are chiefly em ployed in agriculture, 71 in trade or handicraft, and 6 variously. The manufacture chiefly carried on here is cotton-spinning and cotton-printing. The estimated an nual value of all the buildings and land is £3616. The manor of Beard belonged to the ancient family of Beard, who resided at Beard hall for many generations ; Richard Beard, the last of the elder branch, had a daugh ter who married successively two brothers of the Leigh family, to whom she brought the manor. The Leighs appear to have been succeeded by the Duncalfes. In 9 Edward II. Thomas le Ragged held 63 acres of land and 10 acres of wood in Beard. In 39 Henry VI. John, Earl of Shrewsbury, held the manor of Beard. In the reign of Henry VIII. John, Earl of Shrewsbury, possessed the manor, and it has passed with Ollerset and Eyam to Lord George Augustus Cavendish. Beard hall is now occupied by one of Lord George's tenants. Ollerset hall, formerly the seat of the Bradbury family, is now a farm house, belonging to Mr. George Newton. BEAUCHIEF is an extra-parochial district, adjoining the parish of Norton, in the hundred of Scarsdale. It derives its name from the Abbey de Bello-Capite, which also gives to the beautiful surrounding valley, the denomination of Abbey Dale. Its extent is about 500 acres, besides moors and woodlands of about 90 or 100 acres. The annual value is stated to be £847. 3*.— The number of inhabitants are nearly 100, who are chiefly engaged in agriculture. The substratum of the soil is gritstone, and the land is generally of a good quality. The amount raised in 1828 for the poor and county-rate, was £68. 19*. 9d. — The benefice of the chapel is a donative, with no settled income, and the Rev. Wm. Pashley is incumbent. The lord of the manor, Peter Pegge Burnell, esq. is the patron. The ancient abbey stood on the declivity of a romantic hill, about two miles from Norton. It was founded between the years 1172 and 1186, by Robert Fitz-Ralph or Ranulph, lord of Alfreton, Norton and Marnham, who according to Dugdale, Tanner and other writers, was one of the four knights who assassinated Thomas-a-Becket, archbishop of Canterbury ; this abbey therefore was supposed to have been erected and endowed by him in expiation of his guilt. Dr. Pegge has adduced many ingenious arguments in refutation of this tra dition, but he can scarcely be said to have succeeded in his conclusions. Robert de Fitz- Ranulph placed in the abbey a Premonstratensian abbot and canons,* and be stowed on them the churches of Alfreton, Norton and Elvaston, in Derbyshire, Wymeswould in Leicestershire, and lands in Norton and elsewhere. Ralph de Eccleshal gave the monks of Beauchief a corn mill, on the river Sheaf, which stood at a place now called the mill or milne houses. tGerard de Furnival gave the monks hberty to turn thirty of their cows into his forest of Fullwood, with ' their young, under three years old, and an acre of land whereon to erect winter-sheds ; and his son, Thomas de Furnival, gave the monks his grange of Fullwood, with the lands and common-pasture of Fullwood and Riveling, for all the cattle of the monas tery, except goats. ;. Sir Thomas Chaworth gave Greenhill in Norton, for the support of an additional ;l *Of this expiatory foundation, the religious order of the premonstratensians, or white canons, had the ad vantage. These were an order of regular canons, instituted in 1120, by St. Norbert, a relation of the emperor Henry V. ; who, retiringlrom a life of dissipation to the most exemplary piety and laborious exercise of preach ing, had a desert valley, named Premontre, bestowed upon him by the bishop of Laon, in which he built the first monastery of the order; and hence their name, although from their founder they are also called Norber- tines; at first the religious of this order were so poor, that they had only a single ass, which served to carry the f;wood they cut down every morning, and sent to Laon, in order to purchase bread. But, in a short time, they received so many donations, and built so many monasteries/that thirty years after the foundation of this order, they had above 100 abbeys in France and Germany: and in process of time, had monasteries in all parts of ^Christendom, amounting to 1000 abbeys, 300 provostships, a vast number of priories, and 300 monasteries. 'They came first into England in 1146 ; and in the reign of Edward I. had 27 monasteries here. The rule they followed was that of St, Augustine, with some slight alterations, and the addition of certain severe laws, the .authority of which did not long survive their austere founder. V t This Gerard de Fumivall was governor of the counties of Derby and Nottingham, temp. Henry III. he married Matilda de Lovetot, who with her husband were benefactors to Beauchief, which, observes Dr. Pegge, was hut a becoming and gracious return for the present of Robert Fitz Ranulph to Worksop abbey, after the erection of his own abbey at Beauchief. 94 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER canon. The abbot of Beauchief was summoned to parliament in the reign of Ed ward I. — At the time of the Reformation, the patronage of the abbey was in the daughters and co-heirs of John Ormond, the representative of the founder. The revenues of the abbey, at the time of its suppression in 1536, were valued at £126. 3*. id. per annum ; and in the year following, the abbey and surrounding district was granted to Sir Nicholas Strelley for the sum of £223. ; and about the middle of the 17th century, it passed by marriage into the possession of Edward Pegge, esq, to whose descendant, Peter Pegge Burnell, esq. it now belongs. Beauchief hall was built by Edward Pegge, esq. in the reign of Charles II. It stands on the summit of a well-wooded hill, and is in that irregular architectural style which characterized the century succeeding the demolition of the monasteries and proves the employment of the material belonging to those sanctified edifices in the erection of private mansions. It is now in the occupation of Broughton Steade esq. — There are no remains of the abbey, except a part of the chapel, which was re paired by Mr. E. Pegge in the reign of Charles II. The exterior of the chapel is extremely plain, except that it has reeded windows, with double buttresses at the angles. A part of the ground-plan may be traced by an old adjoining wall, in which are the remains of two circular gothic arches. It had long been in ruins before Mr. Pegge repaired it ; and the inhabitants buried their dead at Norton and Dronfield. There are the arms, &c. of the Strelleys and Pegges in the chapel. " We have in this family an instance which by some has been supposed rare, of the direct descendants of the original grantee possessing and residing upon the abbey- lands granted to their ancestor. What indeed could tempt the family to forsake a residence circumstanced so agreeably in every respect as Beauchief? not to be last enumerated among the advantages of this choice spot, is the preservation of so many records of the monastic establishment in its days of prosperity, and that there has arisen among the family of its modern owners an antiquary who has known how to make a judicious use of the materials for its history. , The late Dr. Samuel Pegge, rector of Whittington, was descended of Humphry Pegge, of Osmaston, who was cousin-german to Edward Pegge, who married the heiress of Beauchief. But through his mother he had a nearer connexion with the house whose history he has so well described. She was a daughter of Francis Stevenson, of Unstone, by Gertrude, his wife, the daughter of Edward Pegge, of Beauchief, esq. and Gertrude Strelley. " Of what Mr. Edward Pegge did here, some time after he had married the heir of Strelley, we have a circumstantial and curious account from the hand of Brailsford, a Derbyshire antiquary, who lived at the beginning of the last century. ' Beauchief- hall was built by Edward Pegge, to which there is first a spacious outer green-yard, from which through a large pair of well-wrought iron gates, and on each side palli- sadoed with iron, we enter into a garden on the south side of the house, and on a large walk through the middle of the garden are conducted to a noble pair of stone stairs, of nineteen greises or steps, at the head of which, entering through a pair of gates into a foot-path, from whieh goes down stairs of nine steps, both east and west, into a paved court-yard, and from the same foot-path continues our ascent up as many stone steps into a passage over a large stone arch (under which passeth a fair wall the whole front of the house) and under a balcony into the hall (the stairs all of stone, and several persons may walk together in a breast up them ; they are set with rails and banister of good stone- work, and so is the head end of the garden along on each side the stairs) and on a fair stone over the door leading into the hall, is engraven, viz. : ¦ Eben-ezer. Hasc domus ergo Deus stet honoris grata columna : Nam domus et domini conditor ipse Deus. E. P. Maii 17, 1671. 'Here is a fair prospect adorned with wood; and on a paved court before the house, through a pair of gates out of another garden on the east of the house into a long walk set with fir-trees, on the side of a close, at the far end of which walk we are in view of the ruins of Beauchief abbey, which is about a quarter of a mile from OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY, 95 us, and of an extensive prospect into Yorkshire over the town of Sheffield. In a part of this close is the sweetest and clearest echo from the hall that I ever heard. ' Over a portal, within the hall doors, is cut on wood Pegge's arms, quartering Strelley, and a fess dancittee or deep indented. ' There is also an entrance into the house both east and west, by stone stairs of twelve greises, with balconies over the doors. ' On the ground-floor of the house are seventeen rooms. On the next floor, with the hall, parlour and dining-room, are seven rooms ; and in the dining-room is a pretty wrought chimney-piece, of alabaster ; and between two pillars, on each side, supporting a canopy, is the effigies of an ancient man with a long beard, with a furred gown of half sleeves, and upon a mantle thrown over his shoulders, a collar of S. S. and roses, a little book in his hand, a rufF up to his ears, and a cap upon his head, hke unto a judge's cap. On the outside of the said supporters or pillars is the arms of Pegge, quartering Strelley's. Above this floor of rooms is another story. ' The kitchen-gardens and the stables are westward, at a convenient distance from the house. And there is a pretty large walled paddock for deer, well wooded, before the front of the house, adjoining to the out-yards. ' The chimney-piece above mentioned was given by Mr. Adrian Mundy, of Quam, whose only daughter and heir (a great fortune) was to have been married to Gervase Pegge, elder brother to Christopher Pegge, now of Beauchief, but that he was snatched away by death when he was a student of Gray's Inn. ' A remaining part of the body of Beauchief abbey is repaired at the sole charge of Mr. Pegge, of Beauchief hall, and that is their burying place, and where sometimes is divine service and preaching.' " In the museum of George Savile Foljambe, esq. of Osberton, co. Nottingham, is a carving in alabaster, representing the assassination of Thomas-a-Beeket, which is-sup- posed to have been the original altar-piece of Beauchief abbey, and the gift of some member of the ancient family of Foljambe, whose arms it bears. The stone is about two feet high, nineteen inches broad, and about six inches thick ; the figures, which stand under a canopy hollowed out of the stone, are about eighteen inches high. Pedigree of STRELLEY, of Beauchief, andof their representatives, the PEGGES of Beauchief. ARMS. Strelley. Paly of six, Argent and Azure. Pegge. Argent, a chevron, between three piles, Sable. CREST of Pegge. A Demi-Sun issuing from a wreath, Or, the rays alternately Argent and Sable. Sir Nicholas Strelley, knt. ^ captain, of Berwick. Obt. I 3 Elizabeth. Nicholas Strelley, esq. 2nd son, settled by his father at Beau chief. Lord of the manor of Ecclesall; buried at Sheffield, 26th October, 1602. : Bridget, dau. of Anthony Thwaites, gent.; buried at Norton, 23rd March, 1591. Margery,-=GervaseStrel-=Dorothy,2nd-=Charles Anthony Nicholas Ursula, MaryStrel- Bridget Strel ley, of Beau chief, esq. son and heir; lord of the manor of Ecclesall; obt. 6 James I. wife, dau. of North, Strelley, Strelley. bur. at ley, mar. ley, mar. at William Bur- of Wal- of Beau- Norton, at Norton, Norton, 22nd nell.ofWink- kering- chief, 26th 5th July, October, 1585 burn, county ham, gent. ; Feb. of Notting- esq. 2nd buried at 1589. ham, esq. hus- Norton, band. 3rd Jan. 1610. 1604, io to Dennis Geo. Eyre, Berresford, of vicar of Green-hill, Maekworth. gent. 96 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER Nicholas Strel ley, son and heir apparent; bapt. at Nor ton, 26th Mar. 1592; died in his infancy, and was bur. at Sheffield, 20th March, 1597. Margery, buried at Sheffield, 5th Aug. 1592. Mary,bapt. at Sheffield, 25th Sep. 1595; buriedthere, 10th No vember,1596. Gervase Strel ley, buried at Sheffield. 11th March, 1597- Bridget, bapt. at Norton, 28th July, 1588. Aune Strel ley, obt. un mar. 10th April, 1660, aged 69, and was bur. in the abbey of Beauchief. Jane Strelley,bap. at Sheffield, 5th Feb.159.3. Goodeth Strel ley, wife of Robert Ed munds, of Beauchief, gent.; died in May, 1665, and was buried in the ehurch of Dronfield. WilliamStrelley,of Beau chief, esq. obt. in 1635, and was bur. at Dron field. ¦Gertrude, dau. of Adam Eyre, of Bradway, in the parish of Norton, gent, (a younger son of Rowland Eyre, of Hassop, esq.Jby Elizabeth, his wife, dau. of Thomas Barley, of Dronfield Woodhouse. ¦ 1 Anne, 2nd ux.=Edward Pegge, of Beauchief, esq. son of Edward Pegge, = Gertrude Strel- Nicholas sister of Wil- of Ashbourn, gent {a younger son of Humphry Pegge, ley, sole dau. Strelley, Ham Clarkson, of Osmaston, son of Ralph Pegge, of Shirley) by Anne, ] and heir, born died of Kirton, co. his wife, dau. of Henry Jackson, of Stanshop, co. Staff. ¦ 3rd October, young. Nott. esq. by Anne, his wife, dau. of John Bruen. Aged 11, 1634. 1631; mar. at Aged 40, 11th August, 1662. High sheriff of the county Norton, 17th of Derby in 1664. Built the hall at Beauchief in 1671, July, 1648. and restored public worship in the church of the abbey. Died 31st December, 1679, and was buried in the abbey of Beauchief. William Strelley,died young; bur. at Norton,19thNov. 1C35. Gervase. Strelley Pegge, Edward, of Beauchief, Edward, esq. barrister All died at law, married young. Eliz. dau. of John Anners- ley.esq.of Bai- lyshaunon, in Ireland, who survived, and re-married Sir Geffery Paul. No issue. Anna-Cathe-; rina, 1st ux. dau. of Wil liam Eyre, of High-low, esq. and sis. of John Gell, of Hopton, esquire, who mar. Isabel la Jessop, of Broom hall ; married at Bakewell, 27th Decem ber, 1692. Christopher= Pegge, of Beauchief, esq. young est son; obt. 28th March, 1729, aged 69, and was buried at Beauchief. Letitia, 2nd ux. dau. of Humphry Pegge, of Shirley, son of Edward, son of Ralp. of Shirley, by Prudence his ux. dau. of Nathan Bate, of Little Ches ter; mar. at Dray ton- Basset, 9th Aug. 1702; died 1748. Elizabeth. Anne, ux. Sarah. of Tho. Catherine. Southby, obt. young of Birdsal, or unmar- eo. York, ried. esq.Mary, ux. of Thos. Tatton, of Witheu-shaw, co. Chester,gent. Gertrude,wife of Francis Stevensonof Un- stone, co. Derby, gent. Goodeth,wife of Robert Belt, of co. York, Dorothy, wife of Richard Hall, of Barlow- Lees, in the par. of Dron field,gent.Frances,wife of Paul Webster, of Ches terfield, gent Anne Pegge, only issue of thefirst mar riage, ux. of Philip Fos ter Smith, esq.ofBram-h tirst, near Uttoxeter. Frances, lst= ux. dau. and sole heir of Robt. Revel ofCarn field, co. Derby, esq.; mar. at Bramp ton, 22nd May, 1735; obt. without issue. =Strelley Pegge, < of Beauchief, esq. owner of Whiteley wood in the manor of Ecclesall. High sheriff of the county of Derby in 1739. Died 7th of April, 1770, aged 60; bur. at Beauchief. --Mary, 2nd ux. Letitia, ux. Christopher=Mary, dau. Edward. dau. of Peter of Jonathan Pegge, of of George Jane. Broughton, of Lee, of Stanshop, Alsop, by Christia- Lowdham, co. Chesterfield, co. Stafford, Catherine na. All Notts, esq.; gent, died clerk, B. A. Brudenel, obt. un- died 4th Aug. 17th June, and M. A. his wife; married. 1774, aged 52; 1773; bur. 1740. married in bur. at Beau- in Chester- 1741. chief. field church.-^ — I Christiana, wife nf the Rev. Thomas Pulton. Strelley Pegge, of Beauchief, esq. eldest son and heir, bar rister at law, and groom of the privy chamber to his late majesty ; died unmarri ed, 12th July, 1774, aged 29; bur. at Beau chief. Peter Pegge Burnell, = of Beauchief, esq. and now of Wink- burn, co. Notting ham. High sheriff of the county of Derby in 1788. As sumed the name of Burnell on becoming heir to a moiety of the estate of his dis tant relative, Burnell of Winkburn, esq. = Mary, dau. and= co-heir of Wm. Milnes, of Al- dercar park, co. Derby, esq. by Margaret, his wife, sister and heir of William Sores- by, of Chester field, esq. Jonathan Lee, of Chester field, gent 1st hus band, obt. 10th Oct 1781. Frances,wife of Robert Belt, of Bossall, co. York, esq. obt. 17th Aug. 1822. Milicent, Marjr- wife of Letitia Thomas Pegge. Steade, of Sheffield and Hills borough, in the parish of Eccles-field, esq. mar. in 1768. ChristopherEdward- Broughton. Nathaniel- Jackson. Lucinda- Catherine. all , died young- Robert. Peter. James. William. Elizabeth. Mary. OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 97 Thomas, eld. Broughton Benj. Steade,*=Mis9 Dalton. Nathaniel. Meckletwaite. Peter. Charles. son, obt. S. P. of Beauchief, esq. | BEELEY is a township and chapelry in the constahlery of Edensor, parish of Beghiegh, Bakewell and hundred of High Peak. It is situate four miles S. E. of Bege ie, Ba]cewe]]- it contains 67 houses, 67 families, and 402 inhabitants, who are chiefly supported by agriculture. The extent of this township is 3202 a. 2 r. 15 p. of gritstone land, principally the property of the duke of Devonshire; the residue being the property of five freeholders, under £20. per annum each. The average of the last seven years parochial expenses, viz. poor, constable, county-rates, church- rates and highways, is £121. 17s. 9d. per annum. There is a Wesleyan Methodist chapel, a Sunday-school, supported by voluntary contribution, a day-school, under the patronage of the duke of Devonshire, one friendly society and one public-house in the township. Beeley stands in a valley on the east bank of the Derwent, and it is well watered by a rivulet that runs through the village. The duke of Rutland is stated, by Ly- sons, to hold here a Court Leet. In Begeleie, Godric had six ox-gangs of land to be taxed; land to six oxen; three villanes and five bordars have there one plough and one acre of meadow. D. B. 295. Warner de Beelegh, and afterwards his son Serlo, held this manor about the reign of Richard I.; and after passing to the Cheneys of Northamptonshire, it came into the possession of lord Vaux, of Harrowden, whose youngest son, Nicholas, held it in right of his mother, and in 1 560 sold it to the family of Greaves, who had been seated at the Greaves, in this chapelry, from the time of Henry III. About the middle of the seventeenth century, the latter family sold it to the Saviles, who resided at Hill top, formerly the Greaves. It is now the property of the duke of Devonshire, whose ancestor purchased the same about the middle of the last century. As early as 1280 there was a chapel in this place, the minister of which had five marks yearly. — The following curious deed, which was in the collection of the late Adam Wolley, of Matlock, esq. bears the date of 1473. " That there is a devoute chapell in Beley in Derwent Dale, which is a new begonne thing of our sweet lady St. Mary,* and hathe nothing but through the grace of God and the almes of goode men and wymmen, but that won Sir John Eyre, chapeleyn, moved with grace and virtue, hath laboured and done great cost there, as well of his owne proper costs as of his pore neighbours, and hath gotten thereto boke, bell, vestment and chales, and hath a preest there sayinge masse daily before our sayde ladye for all brethren and sisters, and all good doers thereto, and purposeth through the grace of God and our sayde ladye and succoure of good men and wymmen, to found a preest there for ever to pray for all the benefactors and goode doers thereto, which he may not utterly perform without refreshyng and almesdede of goode men and wymmen, wherefore if hit please you to shew your blessed almes thereto, hit is your owne, and our sayde blessed ladye will reward you : and also we have sent amongst you won Thomas Willymot, which is a very trewe proctour, and a special benefactor and good doer there. To which present writing, &c." The neat tower church in this place is dedicated to St. Anne ; clear value in the king's books £10. 18*. The living is a perpetual curacy ; the duke of Devonshire is the patron. Value from £150. to £160. per annum, since the augmentation by Queen Anne's bounty of £600. and £600. parliamentary grant. The Rev. A. Auriel Barker, M. A. is the present incumbent. • Pilkington says, the chapel is dedicated to St Ann. PART II. f> 98 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER Arms and Inscriptions in the Church. Monuments in the chancel. Memories sacrum Georgii Sal vile de Beeley, in agro Derb. armigeri antiqua ilia Saviliorum familia de Howley in agro Ebor orti viri de patria. de suisque consilius optime meriti qui postea per XLIII annos III. mensis XV. dies ecelasbem duxisset vitam hinc ad ccelos migravitXVI. cal Septemb. anno a Christo in carnatione 1675. Memoriae sacrum Gulielmi Savile de Beeley, in agro Derb. supradicti Georgii fratris et hceredis qui Dorotheam filiam unicain Gulielmi Stevenson deMat- locke, geneiosi duxit uxorem ex qua VIII. suscepit liberos quorum tres tantam ganam Georpium Johan- nem super stites reliquit et cum cursum XXXIX. an- norum VII. inensium et IX. dierum peregerat immor- talitatis palma coronatus est nones Junii Anno. Erie Christianas M. D. C L. XXVI. Dilectissimi et jucun- dissimi erant in vita sua in morte quoq. sua non sepe- ratisunt. 2 Sam. 1,22. Dorothea Savile Gulielmi relictamonumentumhoc fieri atq hoc loco erigi euravit, qua? suum erga mari- tum pietatem et in levirum amore ad posteros testem feceri. Over all, a shield ofthe arms and crest of Savile. Near this place lie the bodies of Georpe Savile, of South House Grange, in the comity of Derby, esq. and John, his brother, the sons of William Savile, of Hilltop, in the said county, esq. and Dorothy, his wife. John departed this life the first day of October, 1753; George, 16th May, 1734; and in gratitude to their memory this monument is erected by their nephew. ARMS. Quarterly, 1 and 4, Savile, Argent, on a bent cotise, Sable, 3 owls of the field. 2, Paly of ten, Or and Sable, on acanton, Gules, a mullet, Argent, 3, Gules, on a bend, Argent, 3 leopards* faces, Sable. CREST. An owl. A brass memorial for John Calvert, late of this parish, gent, who departed this life April 7, 1710, aged 65. A memorial for John, son of Gawin Fern, minister of this chapel, who died June 26, 1742, aged 23. Two flags within the rails : one inscribed, In morte lucrum, the remains of that excellent woman, Mrs. Ann Greaves, daughter of George Birds, of Stanton hall, gent, and relict of John Greaves, of Woodhouse, esq. lie here interred, her better part to blissful re gions ascended the 25th of May, 1700 ; to whose pious memory this marble is dedicated by her brother, Mr. Thomas Birds. The other. This marble stonedoth presse, butnot oppresse the body of John Greaves, son of John Greaves, of Greaves, esq. who was always a true son of the church of England, merciful and charitable to the poor, patient and courageous in a tedious sicknes?, and at length, being ful) of faith and hope, did ex change this troublesome world for a better, the 13th of October, 1694. Flags for Richard Hawis, who died 11th March, 1655. Godfrey, son of Godfrey Barker, died February 27th, 16*1,5. Grace, his mother, died 28th August, 1667. Godfrey Barker, died 13th January, 1665, &c. John Froggat, late of Froggat, he begat eleven sons and six daughters, and died 26th December, 16... Charities. Barker Robert Dawson Mary Gisborne, Rev. Francis Norman Henry J £100. \ \Turnp. Security/ £20. Funded property Rent charge 5 0 0 10 0 5 10 0 0 10 0 Poor Poor Clothing Poor Will 7th July, 1730. Will, 1818. Paid by the Duke of Devonshire, BEIGHTON, a village, township, constablery and parish, pleasantly seated about Bectuue, half a mile west of the river Rother, on the border of the Scarsdale hundred, joining Yorkshire, 16 miles N. E. from Chesterfield, and in the deanery of Chesterfield. This parish includes the villages of Berley, Hackenthorpe and South well, and contained, in 1821, 167 houses, 170 families, and 856 inhabitants, being an increase, since 1801, of 222 persons. It now contains nearly 1000 inhabitants. Of the 170 families, 77 were chiefly employed in agriculture, 66 in trade or handicraft, and 27 variously. The principal trade is the manufacture of scythes and sickles, and working of collieries. The township of Beighton contains 2407 acres of old, and 600 acres of newly en closed land, which is divided among 25 freeholders, viz. : the earl Manvers, who owns 2280 acres, Major Booth, the vicar of Beighton, Rev. Joseph Dixon, Rev. Thomas Mountain, Mr. John Staniforth, Mr. William Potter, Mr. William Wragg, G. Wright, esq. Mr, Jennings, Mr. J. S. Jennings, Mr. James Goodlad, Mr. Isaac Brunt, Mr. John Gabb, of Drakehouse, Mr. T. and Mr. W. Staniforth, Mr. G. Shepherd, Mr. J. Woodhead, Mr. W. and Mr. G. Inkersall, Mr. S. Bramhall, Mr. J. Sorby, Mr. E. Jenkin, Mr. G. Swinnerton, Mr. E. Hobson, and Mr. Plant. A court Baron is annually held for Lord Manvers' manor of Beighton, at the rent day, which is usually about the middle of November. All the land is titheable except Berley moor, where an allotment was given to the impropriator and vicar in lieu of tithes. The tithes are valued every 14 years, and this valuation regulates both the vicar's and lord Manvers' shares : the latter possesses most of the rectorial tithes. The estimated annual value of all the buildings and land is £5505. 5s. The average amount of the poor rates, including the constables accounts, for the last seven years, is £407. 6s. 3d. ; and the county rates, £72. 4s. OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 99 5d. per annum. The paupers are generally relieved at their own dwellings, except three or four, who are kept in the poor-house at Ashover. There is one endowed free-school, one Wesleyan Methodist chapel, and two puhlic-houses in the township. Within half a mile of Beighton, on the east bank of the Rother, is some ancient earth-works, supposed to have been a Roman station. In Bectune were five ox-gangs and a half of land to be taxed. Land to six oxen ; two villanes have there one plough and one acre of meadow. Wood-pasture one mile long and half a mile broad, value in king Edward s time 5s. now 6s. id. In Bectune four ox-gangs of land to be taxed, land to as many oxen. Soke. It is waste. This belonged to Ralph, son of Hubert. In Bectune, Swain had six ox-gangs and a half to be taxed. There is land to one plough and a half: yet there are four ploughs, eleven villanes, and two bordars. It was formerly worth 20s. now 32s. Roger holds it, and Lewin under him. This manor belonged to Roger de Busli. D. B. 299, 317, 325. This manor was given, in the reign of king Ethelred, to Burton Abbey. At the Conquest, it appears to have been divided into two manors : one of which was held by Lewin, under Roger de Busli, and the other belonged to Roger de Poictou. Be fore 1276, Sir Gervase de Bernake was lord of Beighton, and was one of the benefac tors to the abbey of Beauchief. In 1279, Walter de Furneaux possessed the manor, and left it to his son William, who died seised of it in 1320 : his sisters and co-heir esses married Latimer and Ravensworth, and on failure of issue from Latimer, the whole devolved to Henry Fitzhugh, son of Henry de Ravensworth. A co-heiress of Henry, the last baron Fitzhugh, brought Beighton to Sir John Fiennes, eldest son of Richard, the first lord Dacre, of the South. In 1570, Gregory lord Dacre sold the manor to Francis Wortley, esq. Before 1649, the family of Pierrepont possessed the manor. The sister and heiress of William Pierrepont, the last duke of Kingston, brought this estate into the family of the present possessor, Earl Manvers, of Thorse- by park and Holme Pierrepont, co. Nottingham. The ancient tower church is dedicated to St. Mary. In 1455, Sir James Strange- ways, knt. and Elizabeth his wife, gave this church to the priory of Mountgrace, in Yorkshire. In 1544, Henry VIII. granted the rectory and advowson to Robert and William Swift ; one of the daughters of Robert Swift brought this estate to her hus band, Francis Wortley, esq. and it has since passed with the manor. On an oak beam in the roof the date of 1100 is visible, which is only thirty-four years after William the Conqueror desolated the country. The living is a vicarage, valued in the king's books at £20. and yearly tenths 13*. 2\d. The present income of the vicar is derived from a rent-charge of £10. royal bounty £200. and about forty acres of glebe land : the remainder from a composition, tithe corn rent, which is paid in money twice a year, and varies with the price of wheat. Earl Manvers is the patron, and the Hon. and Rev. Thomas Erskine, M. A. is the present vicar. Arms and Inscriptions in the Church. Two flag stones, bearing the following inscriptions, are in the vestry-room, adjoining the chancel. Orate pro anima domini Johannis Tynker quondam vicari de Beighton : annos corpus hie jaeet anima propitietur Deus. An. D. Millessimo quadragintes- simo octogessimo (1418.) Hie jacent Ricardus Boswette (or Dowcett) armigeri et Johanna uxor ejus Millessimo quinsentigesimo primo, animabus propitietur Deus. Amen. (1501.) (Bassanoe's volume of church notes says, there was a monument to Edward Doweett, esq. who died in 1501 — Memorials for thefamily of Jermyns, of Drake- house, in 1715 and 1777 — Por John Drake, vicar of Beighton, who died 4th of April, 1745, and John Drake, vicar of Beighton, who died 4th February 1763, and for the Marshalls. ' Gisborne, Rev. Francis Funds Land, la. Ir. 20 p. Land, 5 a. Or. 20 p. £40. Land, 2 a. 2r. 31 p. £20. ( The above £40. and") < £20. is laid out in V (.land, 3a. Ir.l3p. ) Charities 5 10 0 Interest 14 5 0 5 15 6 9 0 0 Clothing ("Putting out one ap-*> \ prentice, and poor j Poor Poor Poor Deed 1817, Will 1818. Will 24th May, 1712. Will 18th April, 1666. WillWill 18th Jan. 1698. 100 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER School. Jessopp neorge I Rent charge 12 0 0 1 Schoolmaster I To teach five poor boys. Ncubold John, Haekenthorpe Moiety of rent of close 2 17 9 ditto To teach four poor boys. Newbold John, Sothalls |Rentcharge |0 6 0| ditto | To teach one poor boy. The ancient family of Pierrepont is said to have derived their name from the lord ship of Hurst Pierrepont, in Sussex, which was in possession of Robert de Pierrepont immediately after the conquest. Sir Simon Pierrepont was summoned to parliament 9 Edward II. Of this family was Sir Robert Pierrepont, who was raised to the peerage in 1627-8 by the titles of Baron Pierrepont, of Holme Pierrepont, Viscount Newark, in the county of Nottingham, and Earl of Kingston upon Hull. Henry, his son, was created Marquess of Dorchester in 1645, but dying, in 1680, without issue, the marquisate became extinct. Evelyn, the fourth Earl, was created Marquess of Dorchester in 1 7 0 6, an d Duke of Kingston in 1715, which titles became extinct on the death ofthe third Duke, Sept. 1773. Philip Meadows, esq. deputy-ranger of Richmond park, son of Sir Philip Mea dows, knt. marshal of the king's palace, married in 1734 Frances, only sister and heiress of William Pierrepont, second Duke of Kingston, by whom she had five sons and one daughter, viz. Evelyn-Philip, Charles, William, Edward, Thomas, and Frances. Charles, who, by royal permission, in 1788, assumed the surname and arms of Pierrepont upon succeeding to the estates of his uncle, the Duke of Kings ton ; was elevated to the peerage on the 23rd of July, 1796, by the titles of Bar6n Pierrepont, and Viscount Newark, and, on the 1st of April, 1806, to the dignity of Earl Manvers. His lordship married, in 1774, Anne Orton, youngest daughter of John Mills, of Richmond, esq. and had issue Evelyn, Henry, Frederick,' born in 1775, died in 1801, Charles-Herbert Pierrepont, the present Earl, Henry-Manvers, and Frances-Augusta-Eliza, and died 16th June, 1816. The present Earl was born on the 11th of August, 1778, married, on the 23rd of August, 1804, Mary-Letitia, eldest daughter of Anthony-Hardolph Eyre, esq. of Grove Park, in the county of Nottingham, by whom he has issue Charles, Viscount Newark, Sydney- William- Herbert, Mary- Frances, and Annora-Charlotte. His lordship is lord of the manors of Beighton, Calow, and Oldcotes, in this county, but his principal estate is in the county of Nottingham. TITLES. Earl Manvers, Viscount Newark, and Baron Pierrepont ARMS. Argent, semee of cinquefoils, Gules, a lion rampant, Sable. CREST. Oh a wreath, a lion rampant, Sable, between two wings erect, Argent. SUPPORTERS. Two lions, Sable, armed and langued, Gules. MOTTO. Pie repone te. RESIDENCES. Thoresby Park, and Holme Pierrepont, both in the county of Nottingham. Belp, in AVhitwell parish. BELPER is a market town, a township, constablery, and parochial chapelry. It Beaupoire, js sjtuate in the parish of Duffield, the deanery of Derby, and the hun- e por ' dred of Appletree. It occupies a delightful position on the banks of the Derwent; 134 m. N. N. W. from London, 53 m. S.E. of Manchester, 16m. S. W. of Chesterfield, 8 m. S. E. of Cromford, 12 m. E. of Ashbourn, 7 m. S. W. of Alfreton, and 8 m. N. from Derby. Belper township is bounded N. W. by Shottle, N. N. W. by Alderwasley, N. by Heage, S.W. by Hazelwood, S.E. by Holbrook, and S. by Makeney and Duffield townships. The township includes the villages of Broadholme, Chevin, Belper- Gutter, Belper-Lane-End, Hopping-hill, Openwood-gate, Lound-hill, Common-side, Dalley, &c. The houses are substantially built of excellent gritstone, with which the neighbour hood abounds. The thoroughfare through Belper has become considerable, from the facilities af forded by the new line of road opened from Cromford in 1820. This road passes through the centre of the county, and is undoubtedly the best road for carriages of every description ; and we need not scruple to say, it will ultimately, if not immedi- OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 101 ately, become the direct mail-road between Manchester and London. This road runs through the vale of the Derwent, and the scenery on the banks of this river is universally admired. Post coaches, from London and Manchester, Birmingham and Sheffield, and Nottingham and Manchester, pass through, to and from those towns, daily. A horse-mail carries the letters from Bakewell, Wirksworth and Belper, to Derby, daily. The market is held on Saturday. Fairs are held here on the 28th of January, the 5th of May, or the day following Chesterfield fair, and on the 31st of October; the latter is a considerable cattle-fair. The petty sessions are held weekly, on Saturday, by the county magistrates. Within less than half a century, Belper has attained its present magnitude and importance, having previously been an inconsiderable place,, containing within the whole liberty scarcely more than a twentieth part of the houses now occupied by its numerous and busy inhabitants. According to the census taken in 1821, Belper contained 1239 houses, affording habitations for 3511 male and 3724 female (making in the whole, 7235) inhabitants. This was an increase on the census of 1811 of 1457 persons : and we may venture to assert, that the increase during the last eight years has been in a far greater ratio. This extraordinary accession of inhabitants and buildings is to be attributed to the establishment of the cotton-works belonging to Messrs. Strutt, and to the attention which the members of that public-spirited family devote to the accommodation and general welfare of those employed by them. A third of the inhabitants of this town are occupied in their works ; and to supply their operatives with clothes and food, a large proportion of the remainder has been in duced to fix their residence at Belper. It is thus that towns become extensive and important, by means of a few intelhgent individuals engaged in works that add to the wealth of the country. Belper, which at a comparatively recent period was in habited only by a few nail-makers, now ranks next to the capital of the county in extent, population, wealth and intelligence. Of the 1418 families, in 1821, 65 were chiefly employed in agriculture, 1309 in trade or handicraft, and 44 in professional pursuits, &c. The manufactures of Belper are cotton, hosiery, pottery, nails, &c. The cotton-mills, which belong to Messrs. Strutt, are four in number ; the first of which was erected in the year 1776. The principal of these mills is 200 feet long and 30 wide. It is six stories high, and is considered fire-proof, the floor being constructed on brick arches and paved with brick. The mills are worked by eleven water-wheels, principally composed of iron ; six are used in the time of high water and five when the water is at the usual height. Two of these wheels were constructed by Mr. T. C. Hewes, an ingenious mechanic and engineer of Manchester ; the other nine have been constructed on the same principle, by the Messrs. Strutt. These wheels are 21 feet 6 inches in diameter, and 15 feet long: each shaft is of cast-iron, and the arms which connect them with the sole (that part of the wheel to which the buckets or ladles are attached) are simply circular rods of iron, an inch and a. half in diameter. The wheels are remarkable for their simplicity, strength and lightness of appearance. The large cylindrical water-wheel, chiefly composed of timber, has been removed to give place to the iron wheels. Hosiery. — Messrs. Ward, Brettle and Ward, are the most extensive hosiers in the kingdom. We have already noticed their establishment at page 242 in the first part. The manufacture of nails was formerly carried on to a considerable extent in this town, and it still supports between three and four hundred hands, but it is thought to be in a decUning state. There are also stocking-frames in the town, but they are not numerous. Pottery is made at Belper-Gutter, consisting of" pitchers, pans, bottles, &c. : and there are also extensive cotton-mills and bleach-works, and an iron-foundry, at Milford, belonging to the Messrs. Strutt. The extent of the township of Belper is 2858 a. 2 r. 2p. of gritstone and coal land ; the land in the valley, on the banks of the Derwent, is excellent, but the high land is cold and the soil is more barren. Land is let from £1. to £5. per acre: the average is about £2. The number of freeholders is 176, and the Messrs. Strutt are 102 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER the largest proprietors. The tithes are taken by composition and the rate made an nually. The estimated annual value of all the buildings and land is £7338. 5s. R. P. Jodrell, esq. is the lord of the manor, and holds Court Leets here at irregular periods. The number of persons in this manufacturing place, employed in agriculture, scarcely exceeds one in twenty, in proportion to those persons employed in trade or handicraft pursuits. The wages of agricultural labourers amount to 10 or 12*. per week, or with victuals, to 6 or Is. Here no agricultural labourers are employed in house-row work, as the compulsory labour of pauperage is denominated, nor is any proportion of wages paid out of the poor-rates. The high-ways are kept in repair with the composition. The average parochial expenses, during the last seven years, is £1402. 12s. Sd. but this includes poor-rates, church-rates, county-rate and constables' accounts. The pauper children obtain employment in seaming, nail-making, and at the cotton manu factories, but they are never apprenticed out. The cases of illegitimate children amount to seven or eight annually. Belper poor-house was erected in 1803; there are about 17 paupers: idiots, old people and orphans in the house. The maintenance of the paupers averages about 2s. 9d. per week for each individual. The name of this place was formerly written Beaupoire, and the town has some claims to antiquity, although it is not mentioned in Doomsday-book. About fifteen years ago, a gold coin of Augustus Caesar, in high preservation, was found in this neighbourhood : and military weapons, generally thought to be Roman, have been dug up in various places. Several coins have been found ; and two of them of silver, although much defaced, have been judged to be of the reigns of Ste phen and Edward I. In 25 Edward I. the manor of Beaupoire belonged to the honour of Tutbury. The Inquest post mortem describes a capital mansion held at this place, by Ed mund, earl of Lancaster, surnamed Crouchback, who died in 1296 ; and as this is the first mention of the manor, it is, in the opinion of Lysons, not improbable that it originated in that nobleman's enclosing a park and building a hunting-seat, to which, from its beautiful situation, he may have given the name of Beau-repaire (or rather, Belle-repaire) which has been corrupted into Belper. In 1 Edward III. Thomas, duke of Lancaster, died, and left this manor to his son Henry. It has been handed down by tradition, that John of Gaunt, duke of Lancaster, and son of Edward III. had a residence at Belper. Researches have been made to as certain this fact, but the tradition remains unconfirmed. A few fragments of old walls, of great thickness, buried in the ground, are discoverable near the building de nominated the Manor House; and this is the site, which, it is believed, was occu pied by the Duke's castle or mansion. The same tradition asserts, that the chapel and the old bridge, which had on its front a shield with armorial bearings, were built in his time, and at his expense. Undoubtedly there has, at some period, been a residence of considerable importance on this spot, as the bulk and extent of the foun dation walls sufficiently denote. In 7 Henry VII. Ralf Pole of Radbourn died, and left to George, the son of John, the son of Ralf, his kinsman, an estate here. In 16 Henry VIII. Thomas Babington died, and left his son Anthony an estate here. In 2 Edward VI. Thomas Thacker left his son Gilbert an estate here ; as did Rowland Babington to his kinsman Francis. In 5 or 6 Philip and Mary, Sir Henry Sacheverell, knt. died here, and left an estate to his son John, who died 35 Elizabeth, and left it to his son Henry. In 42 Eliza beth, Anthony Lowe, of Alderwasley, left an estate here to his son Edward.* — The manor became attached to the Duchy of Lancaster at an early period, and having passed with Duffield, is now the property of Richard Paul Jodrell, esq. The ancient chapel, which is still used for evening lectures and for a school-room, was so small that no more than three hundred persons could be accommodated in it. * Woolley'a Manuscripts. OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 103 The service also, for the increasing population of the town, was accustomed to be performed on the alternate Sundays only. Marriages were not solemnized in it. It was on account of this deficiency in the means of divine worship afforded to the friends of the establishment, that the erection of a new church at Belper was resolved upon, about seven or eight years ago, and a subscription for that purpose was opened and greatly promoted by the active liberality of the Messrs. Strutt and their families ; who, although from strictly conscientious motives they dissented in their mode of worship from the estabhshed church, were anxious that their work-people, tenants and neighbours, should be adequately provided with such religious instruction and discipline as was suitable to their received impressions or opinions. On the 31st of October, 1822, the first stone of a new church was laid, amid an immense concourse of people. It was on the day of a great annual fair, and the day was uncommonly fine. The Duke of Devonshire, who had announced his intention to officiate at the ceremony of laying the first stone, was met by the delighted, multitude at an early hour : his travelling equipage was stopped by the crowd, the horses were taken from the carriage, and his Grace was drawn by the shouting populace to Bridge Hill, the residence of G. B. Strutt, esq. where he breakfasted. At about half past one, the noble Duke proceeded in his carriage to Long-row, from which place to the spot on which the new church was to be erected, the procession was on foot; his Grace being supported on the right and left by W. Strutt, esq. and G. B. Strutt, esq. After the ceremony, the Rev. Mr. Barber, vicar of Duffield, delivered an address upon the oc casion, and the noble Duke declared the satisfaction which he felt in such an oppor tunity for visiting a town, situate in the heart of a county to which he was warmly and deeply attached. His Grace returned in state to Bridge Hill, accompanied by a large cavalcade of his tenantry, and honoured Mr. and Mrs. G. B. Strutt by dining and remaining all night at their house. , The chapel at Belper, which is dedicated to St. John, is valued in the King's books at £3. with yearly tenths, 6*. The new church was consecrated and opened on the 6th of September, 1824, by the bishop of Lichfield and Coventry. The living is a perpetual curacy, in the gift of the vicar of Duffield. The curacy has been considerably augmented, viz. : with £500. subscribed; royal bounty £800. ; and a parliamentary grant of £2000. The Rev. Matthew Tunstall is the present incumbent. The style of architecture is the English gothic of the 13th and 1 4th centuries, and as it stands on a bold elevation, above the town, its appearance is strikingly orna mental. The design was by Mr. Habbershon, and the contract for the building was executed by Mr. Spicer Crowe, of London. The structure is of solid stone, obtained from a quarry about half a mile from Belper, called Hunger-hill. The gallery is supported by iron pillars. The intersections of the roof-beams and joists, which are elegantly moulded, form a handsome ribbed ceiling, divided into compartments. The height of the tower is 100 feet and the breadth 20, with strong buttresses at the angles, finished at the top with octagon minarets. The body of the church, including the two staircases, is 101 feet long and 56 feet wide, inside measure. The vestry and robing-room are each 13 feet by 10 feet. The height, inside, from the floor to the ceiling, is 30 feet. There are accommodations for 1800 persons, including 300 chil dren, and two-thirds of the sittings are free. The cost of the erection was between 1 1 and £12,000. ; about one-third being raised by subscription, to which the Duke of Devonshire, the Messrs. Strutt and several other persons, were large contributors : the remainder was defrayed by the commissioners for building new churches. There are in this town chapels and congregations of Unitarians, Independents, General Baptists, Particular Baptists, Wesleyan and Primitive Methodists. The Methodist old connexion form a large and respectable body of protestant dissenters in this place, and have a handsome chapel on the south side of the town. — The Unitarian chapel was built chiefly at the expense of the Messrs. Strutt, in 1782. The Rev. D. P. Davies, author of a History of Derbyshire, is the minister. Sunday schools are held at the church and at each of the chapels. These are sup ported by voluntary contributions. A Lancastrian day-school, for children of both 104 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER sexes, hae been established on the premises of Messrs. Strutt, to which the scholars pay a penny a week, the remainder of the expenses being liquidated by the founders. These gentlemen have built a school-room capable of holding 500 children ; about 650 children are taught, on the Lancastrian plan, every Sabbath-day, at their ex pense; 800 children are taught at the Sunday-schools supported by the Calviaists, Baptists and Methodists; and there is a charity-school belonging to the church es tablishment, consisting of about 200 children, making a total of 1650 children who receive instruction at these excellent institutions. The number of Friendly Societies in Belper is five, comprising about 300 mem bers. — The number of public-houses is not more than twenty. Charities. Smith's Alms-houses. — Matthew Smith, by his will, bearing date 20th February, 1713, left two alms-houses which he had built, and four closes of land, part freehold and part copyhold, lying in the Hoppings, near Hopping-hill, in the liberty of Belper, containing, by estimation, 13 acres: and a pingle, containing half an acre, to George Gregory, esq. of Nottingham, and Thomas Goodwin, esq. of Derby, and their heirs, to the intent that the yearly rents and profits thereof should be faithfully employed by them, for and towards the relief of two poor people, to be fifty years of age when placed in the said alms-houses, the same to be paid to them quarterly. This property is now under the management of Gregory Gregory, esq. of Hunger- ton hall, co. Nottingham, as the heir of George Gregory, esq. one of the trustees named in the will. The property belonging to the charity consists of two alms houses, situate in Belper, with small gardens adjoining thereto, and two closes and a pingle in Belper, with an allotment set out in respect thereof, at the time of the enclosure. These lands, containing in the whole 14 a. Or. 28 p. according to a late admeasurement, are in the occupation of Samuel Harvey, as yearly tenant, at the rent of £21. per annum. The Rev. Charles Nixon, of Nuttall, co. Nottingham, was the only person who appears to have claimed the right of appointment, of late years. The aUowance made to each of the inmates of the 'alms-houses has been £4. per annum. The annual expenditure on account of this charity, from the year 1774, has con sisted of the payments made to the alms-people, which were, up to Michaelmas, 1825, £8. per annum. And to the steward at Hungerford hall, for collecting the rents and keeping the accounts, 10*. per annum. The only other expenses have been as follows : £. *¦ d. In 1774, for getting possession of the hospital and alms-houses 3 10 0 In 1789 and 1794, expenses relating to the enclosure, &c 25 7 7 In 1793 and 1819, repairs 40 8 6 In 1824, 5, and 6, expenses of letting the land and making a planta tion 4 4 0 At Lady-day, 1826, there was a balance in favour of the charity, amounting to £84. 6*. 5d. This sum, with the surplus rents for a short period, will be required to pay for the new alms-houses, recently built. — A few years ago, a person of the name of Smith, a relative of the founder, died in the alms-houses. The first stone of the new alms-houses was laid by Mr. George Henry Strutt, son of Jedediah Strutt, esq. on the 16th of May, 1829; they are now nearly completed, from a handsome design by Messrs. Hutton and Son, surveyors. The estimated cost is £130.Sims's Alms-houses. — In the parliamentary returns of 1786, it is stated, that James Sims gave, by his will, to this chapelry, two alms-houses and coals, and that the in come of the charity was then 12*. per annum. Gisborne, Rev. Francis Locko John (Holbrook) Slater John ... Smith Henry.. Ditto Taylor John... Funded... 5 10 0 Poor Land, &c. 6 13 4 Poor £40. Land, &c. Laud, &c. Interest 15 0 0 15 0 0 0 19 2 Poor Poor Curate Poor Clothing. Will 1818. By indenture, bearing date 16th "J July, 1676, to Anthony Bradshaw >• .and others in trust. I This donation is lost. By his will in 1705. Officiating in Belper chapel. By his will in 1746. OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 105 Among the improvements that have taken place in this town, may be mentioned the new Hne of road through Cromford. — There is a stone bridge of three arches over the Derwent, which is kept in repair at the expense of the county ; and near to it is a beautiful wear for working the extensive cotton-mills of Messrs. Strutt. About one mile from Belper, seams of coal are worked to advantage. Bridge-hill house, the seat of G. B. Strutt, esq. a Justice of the Peace, and Deputy Lieutenant for the county of Derby, is built on a considerable eminence on the west bank of the Derwent. The situation commands some beautiful views, over an ex tensive valley through which the Derwent flows. The mansion is built of excellent freestone, obtained from the quarries of Messrs. Strutt ; the grounds are laid out with great taste, the gardens are in the highest state of cultivation, and what was a few years ago a waste is now converted into a complete paradise. Green-hill house is the residence of Jedediah Strutt, esq. The Messrs. Strutt own several hundred houses, and a valuable tract of land on the banks of the Derwent, extending nearly three miles, in the townships of Belper and Makeney. Of the remarkable events which have happened at Belper, there are but few on record. A.D. 1545. On the 25th of June, 40 houses were destroyed and Heage chapel blown down by a tempest. 1609. The plague raged here from the 1st of May to the 30th of September, of that year, fifty-one persons died by it, and were buried near the chapel. 1686. Some time prior, Thomas Bromfield, a travelling beggar, was gibbeted on Bridge-hill, for murdering an old woman with whom he lodged. This old woman Uved in a house situate where Mr. John Gillott's house now is ; and the gibbet was erected at no great distance from that place. Matthew Harrison was killed in a coal-pit on Gibbet-hiU, on the 11th of December. 1739. The Derwent was frozen over, and a match at foot-baU played upon it. 1765. Charles Birkin, the pugiUst and champion of England, was born at Belper. 1776. First cotton-miU built at Belper. 1803. January 12 ; one of the cotton-miUs belonging to Messrs. Strutt was destroyed by fire. 1820. Cromford road opened. 1822. First stone of Belper church laid, by his Grace the Duke of Devonshire. 1829. Smith's alms-houses re-built. Among the celebrated natives, we may notice Harrison, the singer, brother to Mr. Harrison who has been master of the free-school, at Duffield, more than half a cen tury. John Holmes, a native of Belper, and brought up as a nailer, enlisted in his youth into the Foot Guards, but by good conduct and eminent services, rose to the rank of Quarter Master and Captain. The late Duke of York considered him the finest man in the army, and requested him to sit for his portrait. BENTLEY, FENNY, a village, township, constablery and parish in the wapen- Beneleie, take of Wirksworth, and in the deanery of Ashbourn, situate in a valley watered by a little trout brook that faUs into the Dove ; 2 m. N. of Ashbourn, and 9 m. W. of Wirksworth. It contained, in 1821, 49 houses, 51 fami lies, and 242 inhabitants. Of the 51 families, 42 are chiefly employed in agricul ture, and 8 in trade or handicraft connected therewith. The township consists of about 1 000 acres of good land, divided among fourteen proprietors, the principal of whom are Samuel Irving, esq. and Messrs. Jackson, joint lords of the manor, who own 299 acres, Sir Henry Fitzherbert, bart. who owns 231 acres, (formerly the estate of the Beresfords) ; John Goodwin Johnson, esq. Rev. Jervase Browne, glebe land 30 acres, Messrs. Painter, of Manchester, 130 acres, Mrs. Swinburne, of Derby, 100 acres, John Buxton, gent. 70 acres, Mr. John Water fall, Robert Hartshorn, gent. Mr. Denman, and Burton Aims-Houses. The estimated 106 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER annual value of the land and buildings is £1 800. 1 8*. Id. The average amount of the parochial expenses during the last seven years is about £120. per annum. The tithes of wool and corn are taken in kind. The other tithes are fixed by a modus, viz. for hay, 3d. per acre, a cow ld. calf ^d. foal id. &c. The Duchy of Lancaster has ju risdiction over this township, and holds a court annually. In Beneleie Uluiet and JJlehel had one carucate of land to be taxed. Land to one plough. It is waste. Value in king Edward's time 20s. now lis. Ralph holds ii. D. B. 304. The manor of Bentley, and several neighbouring places, was part of the king's lands at the Doomsday Survey. In 25 Edward I. Edmund, Earl of Lancaster, the king's brother, held it. In the reign of Henry VI. a younger branch of the ancient family of Beresford, of Beresford on the banks of the Dove, in the county of Stafford, settled here, and were for many generations lords of the manor. The elder branch of the Beresfords soon became extinct in the male Une ; the heiress married Edmund Beresford, of Beresford, esq. whose daughter and heiress married Sir John Stanhope, of Elvaston, knt. and the heiress of Sir John Stanhope married the celebrated Charles Cotton, esq. on whose death the manor came again into the Beresford family. In 13 Henry VII. WiUiam Basset, of Meynell Langley, esq. died seised of lands here, under the honour of Tutbury, which he left to his son WilUam. In 13 Henry VIII. Humphrey Bradburne, esq. died, and left his son John an estate here, which de scended to his son Sir Humphrey, who died 23 Elizabeth, and left it to his son WilUam. In the reign of Henry VIII. we find two families of the Beresfords held considerable estates here. George Beresford, gent, died 37 Henry VIII. and left a capital messuage and forty others, and a great deal of land here, to his son Adam ; and 31 Elizabeth, Anthony Beresford died, and left a good estate here to his son John, then one year old; the latter Uved at Newton Grange, where his descendants resided for several generations. The manor passed away from the Beresfords, and having been in various hands, is now the property of Samuel Irving, esq. and the Messrs. Jackson. Sir Simon Degge resided and held lands here. The ancient haU was a casteUated building, and the part now standing is converted into a farm house. Mr. Degge, who was living here at the time WoUey wrote his Manuscript History of Derbyshire, supposed that the Roman road passed through this village, for he had an urn, some medals, and other tokens of antiquity in his possession, which had been found here. Sir Simon Degge's name appears on the leads, of the date of 1680. The church is an ancient structure with a square steeple, dedicated to St. Mary Magdalene. The Uving is a rectory, valued in the king's books at £44. and yearly tenths 13*. 3^d. in the gift of the Dean of Lincoln. The present value of the living is about £200. per annum, and the Rev. Jervase Browne is the rector. Monumental Inscriptions in the Church. A curious altar-tomb in the chancel for Thomas dux, fortis et audax, Francice testatur, curia testis Beresford, esq. who first settled at Bentley, and Agnes Agen. his wife. On the topof the monument are theeffigies This Thomas Beresford was a celebrated warrior, enclosed in shrouds, and on the side and end of it as appears from the above epitaph that hewasatthe twenty-one similar ones for their children, with the battle of Agincourt, and there distinguished himself l following inscription in Latin and English : he also served Henry VI. in his wars in France, and is Thomas Beresford, esq. the son of John Beresford, reported to have raised a troop of horse for the service late lord of Beresford, in the county of Stafford, esq. of that kiog, of his sons with his own and their re- and Agnes his wife, the daughter and heir of Robert tainers, which he mustered at Chesterfield. Hassel, in the county of Chester, esq. who had issue Tablets for the following members of this family sixteen sons and five daughters. Thomas died 20th are also in the chancel: March, 1473; and Agnes, 16th March, 1467: also FTanciscus Beresford, died 5th July, 1666, aged 08. Heughe, third Sonne of the said Thomas and Agnes. Francisca Beresford, died 18th bet. 1688, aged 59. As you now are, soe once were wee, Richard Beresford, son of John Beresford and And as wee are, soe shall you be. Frances Fitzherbert, died 5th October, 1790, aged 58. Quern tegat hoc marmor si forte requiris, Gilbert Beresford, son of John and Elizabeth Beres- Amice, nobili Beresford tu tibi nomen ford, died 10th June, 1770, aged 78. Habes, luce patrum clarus, proprio sed John Beresford, married Elizabeth, daughter of Lumine major, degemino merito nomine Luce capit Richard Shallcross, of Shallcross, county of Derby: Largus militis. he died 1724, aged 70 ; and she died 21st March, 17«, Doctus, amans, alvit, coluit recreavit musas : ius aged 78. vinctos sumptibus, arte domo excellens, strenuus John Beresford, son of the above, married Frances, OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 107 daughter of John Fitzherbert, of Somersell Herbert, Hewghe Beresford, gent, third son of Thomas and knt. by whom he had eleven children, viz. seven Agnes, died 1516. This Hewghe was the father of daughtersandfoursoos, Richard, Edward, Francisand Lawrence, who died llth February, 1577. William. He died 10th February, 1755, aged 67; she John Beresford, the son of Lawrence, born 9th May, died 30th July, 1765, aged 72. 1539, died 17th September, 1607. Richard Beresford, merchant, third son of John and Elizabeth Beresford, died 7th April, 1733, aged 43. Charities. Gisborne Rev. Francis I Funds I 5 10 01 Poor I Deed, 1817. Port Catherine | | 0 10 0 | Poor | Will, 1722. The ancient family of Beresford, which has flourished for many centuries in the counties of Derby, Stafford, Leicester, Nottingham, Kent, Lincoln, London and Warwick, was originaUy of Beresford, in the parish of Alstonfield, in the county of Stafford. John de Beresford, the first mentioned in deeds, was seised of the manor of Beresford, or Bereford, in 1087 ; and from Thomas Beresford, the second son of John Beresford, in the reign of Henry the Vlth. descended Sir Tristram Beresford, of Coleraine, who by Charles Und. was created a baronet in 1665. Sir Marcus Beresford, the fourth baronet, was created Earl of Tyrone, &c. ; and Sir George de la Poer Beresford, his son, was raised to the dignity of Marquess of Waterford. Beresford, Baron of Albuera, one of the titles conferred, in 1814, on the Right Hon. Sir WilUam Carr Beresford, second son of Sir George de la Poer, the first Marquess of Waterford, for his signal services in Portugal. Lord Beresford pur chased Beresford haU and estate, a few years ago. ARMS. The same as those of the Marquess of Waterford, with the difference. Beresford, another branch of the same family also enjoys, at present, a baronetcy, this dignity having been conferred, in 1814, upon Sir John Poer Beresford, rear-ad miral of the Blue, another son of George, Marquess of Waterford. TITLES. Marquess of Waterford, Earl of and Viscount Tyrone, Baron Beresford, of Beresford, a Baro net, and Baron Tyrone, of Haverford West, in Great Britain. ARMS. Within a border, engrailed, Sable, field, Ermine, charged with three fleur-de-lys, Sable. CREST. Same as the Ashbourn Beresfords. SUPPORTERS. Two angels, Proper, holding daggers in their hands. MOTTO. Nihil nisi cruce. BENTLEY, HUNGRY, so called to distinguish it from Fenny Bentley by Ash- Beneieie, bourn, is a smaU village, township and constablery in the parish of Longford, and hundred of Appletree, 4 m. S. W. of Ashbourn, and 1 1 m. N. W. from Derby. This viUage contains 13 nouses, 13 families, and 88 inhab itants, who are chiefly employed in agriculture. There is no place of worship in this viUage, but there are the remains of a church. The township contains about 1050 acres of middUng land ; the average rental being about 32*. per acre. The estimated annual value of the buildings and land is £1268. 1*. The average parochial expenses are about the same as Alkmanton. The vicar of Longford holds the great tithes, and Sir Robert WUmot, of Chaddesden, bart. is the proprietor and lord of the manor. This manor was part of Ferrar's lands, held by Uluiet and Ulchel at the Dooms day survey, after which it came to Edmund, Earl of Lancaster, in the reign of Ed ward I. From the reign of Edward IV. to that of Charles I. it was part of the pos sessions of the Blount family ; after which it came to the Brownes, who had here an old house and a large park. Thomas Browne, esq. built a good brick and stone house ; he was succeeded by his son Thomas, who had a son Edmund, married to Dorothy, the daughter of Sir Edmund Vernon, of Sudbury, and had issue Thomas and Rupert, which Thomas had two sons, Thomas and Rupert, living 1712. There was formerly a family of the name of Bentley who resided here. Edward Bentley, esq. was tried and convicted of high treason at the Justices' hall, Old Bailey, Lon don, 31 May, 29 EUzabeth (1586.) v Bentley haU is now occupied by Mr. Oakden, who holds a large farm under Sir Robert Wilmot, bart. Bents, in Dronfield parish. Berley, in Beighton parish. 108 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER BIGGIN is a small rural village and township in the parish of Wirksworth, and hundred of Appletree. With Alton it forms a joint constablery. In 1821 this viUage contained 30 houses, 31 families, and 162 inhabitants, who are chiefly employed in agriculture. The township consists of 586 acres of land, on a clayey substratum ; viz. 176 acres arable, 4^ acres of Wood, 188 acres of meadow and 21 7| acres of pasture, divided between five resident and eleven non-resident freehold ers, seven resident and fifteen non-resident copyholders. The land is watered by Sherburne brook and a strong spring, the water of which is similar to that of Ked- leston weU. The tithes are taken by composition, at an annual fixed rate. The average rental is about 23*. per acre. The estimated annual value of aU the land and buildings is £724. 7*. The average of seven years' parochial expenses is £136. 8*. lOd. per annum. It is parcel of the manor and fee of Duffield, where Courts Leet are held by the lord of the manor, Richard Paul JodreU, esq. There was anciently a chapel at Biggin, or as it was caUed New Biggin, which was esteemed to be in the parish of Kniveton, as appears by an old grant of a chantry in this chapel, to Sir Robert de Essebourn. It has for four centuries been deemed part of the parish of Wirksworth. Biggin, in Tibshelf parish. Biggin, in Harrington parish. BIRCHOVER a village, township, constablery and chapelry in the parish of Barcoure, Yolgrave, in the hundred of High Peak and archdeaconry of Derby. It contains about 20 houses and 121 inhabitants, who are supported by agriculture. The annual rental is estimated at £719. 8*. id. The manor is the property of Bache Thornhill, of Stanton house, esq. In Barcoure, one carucate of land to be taxed. Land to one plough. It is waste. There are eight acres of meadow. Coppice-wood half a mile long and three quaren tens broad; a third part is pasture. Value in king Edward's time 8s. D. B. 310. There is a chapel at Rowter, which was built by Thomas Eyre, esq. for the benefit of the inhabitants of Birchover, about the beginning of the last century, and was endowed by him with £20. per annum for the performance of divine service on the first Sunday of every month : service is now performed every Sunday. It is a dona tive curacy, exempt from ecclesiastical jurisdiction, but the appointment of the minis ter is in the vicar of Yolgrave. The church is kept in repair by the contributions pf the inhabitants of the hamlet. The Rev. Benjamin Pidcock, vicar of Yolgrave, is the present minister. The Rowtor-rocks or stones, which we have already mentioned at page 279, of the first part of this work, are in the neighbourhood of Birchover. These are a wonder ful assemblage of huge gritstones, piled upon one another. In ascending the eastern end, prodigious masses of stone present themselves, and a passage six feet in height appears, which formerly went under part of them, but the middle of it has faUen in. Two caverns have been hoUowed in these rocks. On every side are seen enormous blocks of stone, and one at the east end is supposed to have been a rocking-stone.— At the foot of the Rowter or Roo-tor rocks, is a house called Rowter haU, formerly the residence of Mr. Eyre, of Derby, from whom it descended to the lady Massarene, his daughter. The Rowter stones have been objects of much speculation and con jecture, but we may conclude them to have been one of the effects of that convulsion of nature, which has left so many marks of its violence in the northern regions of this county. Birchett, in Dronfield parish. Birchwood, in Norbury parish. Birkin Lane, in Ashover parish. Birley, in Chesterfield parish. Blackwall, in the township of Ireton Wood. BLACKWELL, a vUlage in the chapelry of Taddington, in the constablery of Blackwall, Chelmorton and hundred of High Peak, consists of 9 houses and about 60 inhabitants. It formerly belonged to WiUiam PevereU, who, in the OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 109 reign of Henry I. gave it to Lenton Priory, in Nottinghamshire. It consisted of four ox-gangs of land, then valued at £1. 5*. per annum. In 1552, the manor of Blackwall was granted to Sir WiUiam Cavendish. In 1641, it is included among the Duke of Newcastle's sequestred estates, and was then valued at £306. 0*. id. per annum. The ancient family of Blackwall had a manor and a residence here for many generations. Iodonea de Blacquel, the wife of WiUiam, son of Ranulph, lord of Alfreton, gave to the canons of Welbec the whole part of her miU at Blackwell, with her body, half of that miU, and the whole suit and aU customs belonging to that half, to sustain and make yearly the anniversary of Sir WilUam Fitz-Ranulph her lord, and her own anniversary for ever. Isabella, their daughter, the wife of John de Oreby, confirmed the gift of her mother. The last of this family having become greatly involved in debt, an extent was issued at the suit of the crown, in the reign of Charles the Second, for the sum of £130,632. 7*. lOd. The estate of the Blackwalls having been then seized, passed to the family of Hope, either by grant or purchase. Both these manors, and the whole of the landed property in BlackweU, consisting of 1082 a. Or. 17 p. of Umestone land, and roads 20 a. 2 r. 21 p. are now vested in his Grace the Duke of Devonshire. BLACKWELL, a viUage, township, constablery, and parish, is 3 m. N. of Alfre ton, and 9 m. S. E. of Chesterfield, in the hundred of Scarsdale, and deanery of Chesterfield. In 1821, there were 87 houses, 87 families, and 457 inhabitants in the township, who are principally employed in agriculture, framework- knitting, and working the coUieries. The township, consisting of 1667 a. 3 r. 36 p. of land of various qualities, is divided among several proprietors. The Duke of Devonshire's estate is 882 acres, and his Grace is joint lord of the manor with Henry Howard Molineux, esq. M. P. who owns a good estate here. John Slater Wilkinson, esq. owns Hilcote haU and estate, which has been in the family since the beginning of the last century. Among the smaUer proprietors we may mention the Vicar of Blackwell, Mr. George Adlington, WiUiam Downing, Mr. Charles Rowland, and Mr. Timothy Woodhead, who reside chiefly at Newton, and Mr. Stephen Sampson, of Sanderlands. The estimated annual value ofthe buildings and land is £2062. 16*. The manor of BlackweU has been held by several noble famiUes. In 21 Edward I. it was held by the SomerviUes, under the FrescheviUes. In 1 Edward III. Roger Somerville paid Ralph FrescheviUe 40*. for one knight's fee and its appurtenances in BlackweU. In the reign of Edward III. Rhees ap Griffith and Joan his wife, the heiress of Somerville, of the Chaworth family, held the manors of BlackweU and Al freton. In the 15th century the Babington family were possessed of these manors. WilUam Holies, the younger, gent. 29 Henry VIII. claimed against Ralph Long ford and Dorothy his wife, the manors of BlackweU, Whitwell and CresweU, in Derbyshire, and the advowson of the church of Whitwell. In 1590, Sir WiUiam HoUes died seised of it. In 1 710, Gilbert Holies, Earl of Clare, and Sir John Mol- lineaux, of Teversall, bart. were joint lords. The estate of the former was purchased, in 1742, of the Duke of Newcastle's trustees, by the grand-father of the Duke of Devonshire, the present proprietor ; and the estate of Sir John, is the property of his descendant, Henry Howard MoUneaux, esq. M. P. The Langfords and Sacheve- rells held moieties of the manor of Blackwell 9 Richard I. The church, re-built in 1827-8, stands on a considerable eminence. It is a handsome gothic buUding, with a tower, dedicated to St. Werburgh. King Henry II. confirmed to the canons of Thurgarton (aud inter alia) the church of BlackweU, which was in the gift of WiUiam Fitz-Ranulph, &c. The living, valued in the king's books at £12. and yearly tenths 10*. 5d. has been augmented by Royal Bounty £800. and is now worth about £120. per annum. It is a vicarage, and the impropriation is now vested in the Duke of Devonshire, who is patron ; and the Rev. Thomas Cur- sham, D. D. of Mansfield, is the present incumbent. Mr. Isaac Bacon was ejected from this place. no HISTORY AND GAZETTEER Monumental Inscriptions. Against the pillars of the south isle, over a larpe seat, are two mural monuments to the Wilkinson family ; the upper one— Near this place lyes interred the body of Mrs. Anne Wilkinson, widow of Mr. John Wilkin son, who departed this life May the 27th, 1762, in the 82nd year of her age. The lower one, of black and white marble, inscribed — To the memory of Stephen Wilkinson, esq. who died 16th October, 1795, aged 74. He was a man whose virtues were best known to his friends and to the poor : for his life was private, thouph not solitary ; his piety was sincere; his manners amiable, and his benevolence truly christian* This monument is erect ed as a tribute to so good a man by his son in law, Charles Mellor. South isle pavement — Here lieth the body of John Wilkinson, who departed this life November the -3rd, 1725, in the 73rd year of his age. Here lieth the body of Willoughby Wilkinson, who departed this life June the 21st, 1728, in the 17th year of his age. In the chancel, a mural monument to Lucy Ann Boot, who died 5th September, 1780, in the 11th year of her age. George Arlington, interred July 8, 1800, aged 53. Ann, his wife, interred January 5, 1795, aged 58. Charities. Chancel step— Here lieth the body of the Rev. Richard Garnon, who departed this life Februarys 1728, in the 34th year of his age. Parish Registers. BlackweU earliest register is a thin paper book with parchment cover, several ofthe earlier leaves are wanting. The first entry— Mrs. Anne Wilkinson was burryed 1685. Mrs. Katherine Wilkinson, burryed 16th January, 1713. These ladies we cannot connect with the following Pedigree ; they may be sisters or daughters of the first John. The Wilkinsons burials are all entered Mr. John, Mrs. Anne, widow ofthe late Mr. John Wilkin son, &c.; the earlier baptisms — son or daughter of Mr. John Wilkinson, of Hilcote, gent, and Mrs. Han nah, baptized, ->" ."uy, ...mu uoii. son, bapt. 30th bapt. 19th kinson, esq. 1708. 1709. April, 1711, obt. June,1713. 3rd son, bap. 21st June, 1728, 30th Oct. at. 17; buried at 1719; died Blackwell. 16th Oct 1793, aet. 74. Stephen Wilkinson,™ gent. 2nd son, bapt. 29th December, 1732, brought from Mansfield, and bur. at Blackwell, 15th June, 1774. Zechariah, Frances, Hannah, bapt. bapt. 30th bapt. 5th 21th Septcm- Jan. 1735; March, ber, 1741; mar. bur. 25th 1729. Mr. William Jan. 1736. Boot, of Black weU, whom she survived, and was buried at Blackw. 23rd Feb. 1825. John, eldest dau. son, was married disinherited Charles bapt. 1 1 th Mellors, May, 1731; esq.bank- and in 1783 er, of assumed the Notting- name of ham. Linley, of Skegby, co. Notts. ...... Wilkin son, died un married, at her sister's, co. Notting ham, about 10 or 11 years ago, and was buried at Blackwell. OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. HI John Wilkinson, esq.= Frances, dau. of Mr Lavinia, married at Blackwell, of Hilcote hall. Slater, of Wheatley, living, 6th of August, 1780, to Robert a widow, anno 1830. Dodsley, of Mansfield. John Slater Wilkinson, esq. of Hilcote hall, = dau. of Frances, bom 19th Lavinia, born 13th sou and heir, a capt. in the Derbysh. militia, I and bapt. 25th No- and bapt. 19th born 21th, bapt. 26th Feb. 1777, living 1850. dead. vember, 1779. March, 1780. John Wilkinson, eldest son, Stephen Wilkinson, aged about 25 years,= dau. of .. died S. P. anno 1829, has three sons and a dau. I of Doncaster. Bolehill, in Norton parish. Bolehill, in Wirksworth township. Bolehill, in Eckington parish. Booth, Over and Nether, in Hathersage parish. BOLSOVER, a market-town, township, constablery, and parish, 6| m. S. by E. Baisover, from Chesterfield, and 155 m. N. by W. from London, in thehun- Boiiisovre, dred of Scarsdale, and archdeaconry of Derby. The parish con sists of the township of Glapwell and the villages or places of Ox- croft, Shuttlewood, Stanfrey, and WaUey. The township of Bolsover contained in 1821, 228 houses, 228 families, 604 males, 641 females, or 1245 inhabitants. In 1801, 1091, and in 1811, 1043 inhabitants. Of the 228 families, 128 are chiefly em ployed in agriculture, 70 in trade or handicraft, and 30 in professional pursuits, &c. This town was formerly celebrated for its manufacture of steel buckles and spurs. These were made in a very superior manner of the best maUeable iron, and then hardened on the surface only, that they might admit of a fine polish. The process of hardening used by the buckle makers is technicaUy termed case-hardening, and is weU known amongst those who are connected with the manufacture of articles of steel and iron ; to those who are not, it may be useful to intimate that iron, properly so caUed, is incapable of receiving a very high poUsh ; the buckles and spurs were therefore formed and filed into shape when in the state of iron only ; the exterior surface was then converted into steel by a certain process, in which burnt bones, and ashes made from the leather of old shoes, were generally used : the manufactured ar ticle was now internally iron, and therefore not liable to be easily broken, but the ex terior surface was converted into the purest steel, and fitted to receive the most bril liant polish that can possibly be imparted to this beautiful metal. Tobacco pipes is now the only manufacture carried on here. The market-day was formerly held on Friday, but it is now faUen into disuse. There is a fair held on Easter Monday. The town is under the government of a constable and headborough. Bolsover town and castle are built on a considerable ridge of yellow Umestone rocks, and command an extensive, weU cultivated vaUey ; the capital mansion and grounds of Sutton, Hardwick, &c. which together form a group of objects rarely seen in one landscape. It is conjectured that Bolsover was a strong garrison of the Danes. On the east side of the town two large ditches or trenches were cut, and a bank of earth was thrown up for defence : these still remain, but at what period they were executed we have no authentic evidence. Bolsover has been considered an im portant station as a place of defence since the conquest, as wiU be shown in the his tory of the castle. The township of Bolsover contains 4463 acres of tithe-free land, chiefly on magne- sian limestone of middling quaUty, divided amongst 180 copyholders. The farms are from 400 acres down to 20, and the rents are considered moderate, the average being about 20*. per acre. Those farmers who are esteemed the best managers pur sue the foUowing system of alternate husbandry : they lay down their land in fallow 112 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER every four or five years, and generally get a crop of turnips at the end of the fallow: they have then, first year wheat; second, clover; the third wheat again, and the fourth oats. The land is chiefly arable. , The commons were enclosed in 1780. The estimated annual value of all the land and buildings is £4798. 9s. The aver age parochial expenses for seven years is £706. 12s. per annum. The pauper chil dren are apprenticed chiefly to farmers, the pauper adults are sent to Ashover work house. There are three sick-clubs, two male and one female, consisting of about 320 members, seven public houses, a Sunday school, belonging to the church establish ment, at which about 160 scholars attend, supported by voluntary contribution, an endowed parochial school, one Independent and one Wesleyan Methodist chapel in this township. Shuttlewood Spa, in the neighbourhood, is of the same nature as Harrowgate, but weaker : it has been used as a bath, and bears evident marks of antiquity. On the breaking a block of limestone, of a ton and a half weight, in Bolsover field, a toad was discovered alive in the centre, but died immediately upon exposure to the air : no fissure or joint was perceptible. The Duke of Portland is lord of the manor, and holds a court at the Swan Inn on the Friday, every three weeks, besides two great courts within the year. George Walkden, of Mansfield, esq. is the steward of the court, to whom we are indebted for the following curious document relating thereto. The Customary of Bolsover. That every tenant of this manor, heirs males, may lawfully marry themselves at their free wills, without giving any thing therefor. ITEM. Every tenant, greater or lesser, ought to do his suit at the court of this manor, from three weeks to three weeks, unless they have agreed with the bailiff of the court for the discharge of their suit, and not otherwise. ITEM. The court is not to be kept or holden, but within the town of Bolsover, asit hath been used time out of memory of man, unless it be for mears and bounds within the lordship, and between thekingand other lordships to him adjoining, and that they have a summons the evening before the court. ITEM. It is lawful to every bailiff of the said court for the time being to keep two great courts at his own free will, so that all tenants have summons by fifteen days in the courts or churches; that is to say, one court after the Feast of St. Michael, the arch angel, and another after the Feast of Easter, for pleas of the crown and keeping of the peace, and for all other customs ofthe manor aforesaid, at which courts all the tenants ought to appear, or to be essoigned by eommon suit, and also all other persons, being resi dent, under the age of threescore years, and above sixteen, ought to be presented at the third day, or cause themselves to be essoigned of that appearance. ITEM. All lands and tenements within the Lord ship afterthe death of every tenant ought to be seized by the beadle of the town, and to remain in the hands of our Lord the King, with all profits thereof coming until the next heir do satisfy our Lord the King five shillings and four pence for relief, and to do the lord his fealty in open court; and no tenements of this manor are partable between heirs males nor females. ITEM. So soon as a child is born and baptized, male or female, the same of lawful age to obtain his lawful inheritance, but the beadle of the town shall cause every such heir to come to the court, and shall present him to the bailiff of the court, for the time being, and by the said bailiff seizen is to he delivered to the said child ; and if the inheritance come hy the father he shall be in the custody of the mother, or of the next of the blood by the mother; and if the in heritance do come hy the mother, then he shall be in the custody of the father, or of the next of the blood by the father, to hold at the will of the heir and of his guardian, doing to the Lord our King the service due, and accustomed in the name of children, and yielding a reasonable account to the said heir for the time they have had the custody of him. ITEM. Every tenant of this manor may lawfully give alien or sell at their own will all his tenements, which have been purchased within the manor, with out cavil or impediment of the heirs of the blood or any other whatsoever. ITEM. No tenant of this manor shall implead any out of this court of the manor, upon pain of a fine to our Lord the King, and to answer to the parties their damages. ITEM. All complaints personal betwixt every tenant and sokeman first ought to be summoned, secondly attached, and thirdly distrained, and so to be distrained infinitely until they come to answer the party in the account by two pledges. ITEM. All foreigners, not every tenant, maybe attached according to the custom of the manor, to answer the party pursuant, and so to distrain by all his goods until he come to answer. ITEM. In pleas of land any writ doth not lie in this manor of our Lord the King, but one little writ, called a Writ of Right Close, according to the custom of this manor, wherein, all accounts which do touch freehold of tenements in fee and right, may be com prehended and determined ; and if it happen any such tenant of this manor be impleaded by any such writ, first it demandeth demandants in full court to have his writ of attachment, and to find pledges to prose cute, and a precept is to be made to the beadle ofthe town, assigned by the court, for the execution afore said, to warn the party tenant to answer the party de mandant in a plea of land ; and notwithstanding the summons in court, but the tenant ought to have three summonses by three courts, and at three several days, to be distrained, and at three courts, and three several times may be essoigned by the court, according to the custom of the manor, and then he must appear by ac customed words, according to the custom of the manor, to defend his tenure, and to call his warran- ture if he will; and it is granted him at his will, and then at the next court, to answer the party demandant and his execution, unless he be licensed by the court to declare and to demand his law and right, and such pleadings have all tenants in pleas of land. ITEM. If any one do put himself upon an inqui sition, the court, instead of the great assize of our Lord the King, at the suit of demandant, by writ of our Sovereign Lord the King, of Right Close, accord ing to the custom of the manor, upon the right de manded after the seisure, at the next court following the demandant shall recover the tenement demandant OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. Hi to him and his heirs for ever; and if the demandant make a default, his writ shall turn in default. ITEM. If any tenant of this manor die, his first- begotten son and lawful begotten, shall have the in heritance, and shall give to our Lord the King five shillings and four pence for his relief. And if it hap pen to any tenant that he hath not a son, his eldest daughter shall have his inheritance, without'parlicon, besides their dowry, and shall give to our Lord the King five shillings and four pence for relief, as his first-begotten son. ITEM. For so much as the Lord our-King will not have a mesne between himself and his sokemen, no tenant of this manor may sell any lands or tenements to any one but in open court, and this by surrender into the hands of our Lord the King by his bailiff for the time being, to enfeoffe whomsoever, according to the will of the donor, to hold of the Lord our King, according to the custom of the manor, by the services therefore due and accustomed, and the same before delivery shall be enrolled in the rolls of the court, so that the rolls thereof bear record who the tenant will call to warranty, and let seizin be delivered to the pur chaser in open court by the hands of the bailiff, and let,him make fine five shillings and four pence to our Lord the King for the favour of the court. ITEM. The next of kin to any wh ich surrendereth may challenge the bargain given in court, from the day of the court of such surrender until the next court in three weeks, at which day, if he challenge and will give so much as the purchaser or stranger should have given, he shall be admitted without contradiction of the purchaser. ITEM. Any sokemen who demise his lands, he shall not demise above nine years, neither shall he hold it in court, but demise it by the license of the steward, and it shall be enrolled in the court by ma king fine. ITEM. In all places of this manor, sokemen must repair and defend the mears and ditches between them and the Lord our King. ITEM. If any make default he shall be amerced by his Peers. ITEM. If any tenant will marry his daughter out of this soke, and out of his custody, he shall give to the Lord our King five shillings and four pence for her redemption. ITEM. No sokemen of this manor ought to swear upon the- holy Evangelists butat the two great courts, or by writ of right of our Lord the King, or for judg ing the death of a man which always must be deter mined by twelve jurors and not otherwise, and all other complaints and pleas ought to be determined by six men of the court, which ought to be charged by their fidelity, made to our Lord the King, that they say the truth between parties. ITEM. They shall have common of pasture in all woods of our Lord the King, except in parks and closes which arc livered at all times of the year, and that they hold not goods, or any thing that doth not yield agistment, upon pain to make line to our Lord the King. ITEM. All gardens, tofts, crofts, and tenements in all places of this manor, are separable at all times of the year. ITEM. Sokemen shall have the nuts and acorns fallen uj.on the ground, for their hogs, so that no tenant, nor his servants, nor any other shall or do shake by force any nuts or acorns, and that have not agisted, and if they have done, the bailiff thereof shall have advantage in court, they shall be amerced at the lord's will, and the bailiff shall gather at his own will for his own profit, and afterwards the sokemen shall gather, for their hogs, nuts and acorns, ITEM. They shall have in the common woods of our Lord the King, thorns to burn and bake, and for their hedges when it shall be needful, and rods for their nursery uses, and dry wood, and wood blown down and riven up with the wind, as well within the land as without. ITEM. All sokemen ought to enter common to gether, with all the fields with their beasts yearly, at the Feast of St. Martin, the Bishop, in winter, until the Feast of the Purification of the Blessed Virgin Mary, except in placet separately hown, and no longer, PART II.]] H except it be by consent of the bailiff of the court and the sokemen. ITEM. It is lawful for sokemen to dig for spa coal, marl, and quarries to their proper uses, without the view and delivery of the bailiff of foresters. ITEM. Sokemen must answer yearly to our Lord the King, all rents and perquisites of court belonging to the aforesaid manor, for which the same and their heirs ought*, to have great timber for their buildings in the woods, so often as it shall be fit, without making waste, and at the will of the bailiff and view of the foresters. ITEM. They shall have in the aforesaid woods great timber for carts, wheels, yokes, ploughs, and chariots, at the bailiff's will and forester's view. ITEM, Sokemen may hunt and take hares, foxes, and fish in all places out of the park and ponds of the nulls, to their own proper use. ITEM. If any do draw blood he shall pay to the Lord our King five shillings and four pence. ITEM. If any do draw sword or knife, doth make a fray, he shall forfeit the sword or kuife, and shall pay two shillings. I TEM. Every foreigner resident out of the manor, shall yearly give to the lord a sickle boon in harvest. I TEM. That no tenant do carry any wood upon the court day upon pain to make fine. ITEM. Every foreigner in all places is first to be distrained, and if he make default he shall be amerced, and if again he make default his amercement shall be doubled, and so infinite after the first distringas. ITEM. As well tenants as foreigners, after the dis tringas shall be amerced to two pence, and if default be made again the amerciament shall be doubled, and afterwards after the first distress until they appear. ITEM. All fines for suit of court ought to be paid to the two great courts, or else he shall lose one penny for his negligence, and so from court to court it shall increase uutil that be paid. ITEM. No heir nor tenant may give, bequeath, or alien his tenements, which he holds of the Lord our King, before he shall be of the age of fifteen years, and then he may will, give, or alien in open court, so that it be enrolled according to the custom of the manor, ratified, and established to remain for ever, saving that the next heirs may recover bv writ of Right Close, according to the custom, when they shall see it expedient. ITEM. It shall be lawful for the bailiff of the court, for the time being, upon public proclamation m open court, to warn all and singular the tenants which do hold lands, tenements, or cottages, wasted of what sufficient distress cannot be found for the rents, and services due and accustomed to our Lord the King, there to do all services to our Lord the King, and those lands, tenements and cottages, so wasted, to seize in the lands of our Lord the King, and to demise to whomsoever at his will without cavil. ITEM. It shall be lawful for every bailiff, for the time being, to surrender for term of life, or of years, or in fee simple, or in tail, tenements, cottages, and other places, of land wasted to be builded, which he in the lands of our Lord, to hold of our Lord the King by such services, all such surrenders so taken to be enrolled in the court rolls that it may remain to the parties as a record for ever. ITEM. Every freeholder of the manor which is of fu|l age and perfect memory, unless within five years next following after the death of his ancestor, he do come into the open court and make recompense to our Lord the King by what services he holds, then to de mand his inheritance against the tenant of the land or tenements, let him be quit from all accounts of right and claim whatsoever. ITEM. If the husband of any woman will sell her or his own tenements, and the wife, in full court, or before the bailiff which hojdeth the court, will, upon her oath, in her husband's absence, confess that it is by her free will and mere from all account of right shall be barred for ever. ITEM. It shall be lawful for all tenants and of ficers, in the absence of the forester, to arrest axes within the woods, and other trespassers, and to pre sent them. 114 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER ITEM. Sokemen ought to do all their ground- mulcture the twentieth part of the grain, and to grind works which belnngeth to the mills, ponds, and houses, the same within the soke where they will or shall with all coverture and closure, saiing the hurst, and double the toll to the value of twelve pence for every the Lord shall rind great timber and the mills, and the quarter of grain ; and every tenant with his grain truant, shall do all carriages at their own proper shall do suit to the mills, and shall leave his own corn chart-e anil expenses in all places, and a'l tenants resi- at the mill attending there by the space of six days, dint within this manor ought to grind at the said for default of water or over charge, upon pain of mills, allowing of mulcture the sixteenth part of all making fine at the will of the Lord, and if within the the gram which groweth within the soke aforesaid, time aforesaid they cannot grind, then to go with and of the gram bought out of the soke they ought to their own elsewhere without any damage or fine. The Custom of Oxcrqft, granted to the Tenants there at the will of our Lord the King, by his council. All tenants of Oxeroft are licensed to gather chips one hog; if eight, one hog; if seven, one hog; if six, withiii Shuttle wood to burn, and to get fern in the one hog; if five, half a hog, or four shillings and four same, but he shall not carry anv axes there. pence; if three, three pence; if two, two pence; if ITEM* It shall not be lawful for the lord of Ox- one, a penny; and if any refuse to do so, thev shall ¦ croft, nor his tenants 10 have in lhe aforesaid wood be grievously amerced. And aNo they shall grind at any cattle which will or may eat acorns, from the the mill of our Lord the King for the sixteenth part; Feast of St. Michael until the Feast of St. Martin in and shall willingly do all other works, as all other winter, tenants of Bolsover have been accustomed to do ; and ITEM. That they pay to our Lord the King, for further, it is granted to the Lord of Oxeroft, that he every beast there found, two shillings; and if one be and his lieirs shall have, to their own proper use, found all the tenants must pay at that time to our common on Shuttle wood, and pasture for four oxen, Lord the King two shillings- two of his plough beast, and one hundred sheep, ITEM. Nevertheless they shall have their swine in throughout the year, from the Feast of St. Martin the aforesaid woods all abroad and at large, for pain- until the Feast of St. Michael they shall have one hog ape upon such condition that nil the tenants there do with his, and if any other of his beasts be found there come in at the Feast of St. Martin, the Hishop, in win- they shall be attached, and remain until amends be ter, to the manor of our Loid the King, before the made unto our Lord the King; and moreover they steward and constable of the castle, with all their shall grind at the mill of our Lord the King, allowing swine, to declare upon their faith how much they will the twentieth part of the grain, and it shall be next to kill or sell, and how much they will detain for their him which he shall find in the mill, unless it be the lardery wiihout concealment: if they kill or sell ten, King and his bailiffs. they shall give to our Lord the King one hog ; if nine. In Belisoure Leuric had three carucates of land to be taxed. Land to four ploughs. There are now 1w:> ploughs in the demesne, and fourteen villanes and three bordars having four ploughs, and eight acres of meadow. Wood-pasture two miles long, and one broad. Value in king Edward's time 40.9. now 60s. Robert holds it. D. B. At the conquest, the manor of Bolsover was conferred by William I. on his natural son, William Peverell. It is probable that the castle was erected during the life of William Peverell, who did not die until the seventh year of the reign of Stephen. A road, still called the Peverell road, commences at Bolsover, in a direction to South AV'infield, where the Peverells had another residence. The castle was built on the western brow of a range of limestone rocks, at a great elevation above the valley. It was held in conjunction with the Peak castle under the same constable or governor. William Peverell the younger having poisoned Ranulph, Earl of Chester, in 1153, the castle and manor of Bolsover, together with his other possessions, were forfeited to the crown. In the reign of Richard I. Bolsover was bestowed upon John, after wards king of England, but then Earl of Mortaigne ; and during the absence of Richard in the Holy Land, the castle of Bohofres was committed to Richard del Pec. Soon after John's accession to the throne, an expenditure of ,£30. was ordered for the enclosure of Bolsover park for the king, and in 1204. the government of the castle was bestowed upon Wi.liam de Briwere. In the ninth year of the same reign, Bryan de L'Isle was constituted governor, and in the ensuing year Nicholas de Chevet held the command. Afterwards it was seized by the disaffected barons, who retained it until 1215, when it was retaken for the king, by William Ferrers, Earl of Derby, who in compensation of this service was appointed the governor. In the seventeenth year ofthe reign of John, the castle of Bolsover was held by Bryan de L'Isle, who receiv ed a mandate in the following year to fortify it against the insurgent barons, or to de molish it. The castle was made a place of defence, and, in the same year, the king appointed Gerard de Furnival to make it his family residence for the better preserva tion of the peace of the neighbouring districts. Soon after the accession of Henry III. the custody of the castles of Peak and Bolsover was given to William, Earl of Derby, OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 115 who retained the government about six years. The following- are the names of the castellans during the subsequent twelve years. in the 7th Henry III. Bryan de L'Isle was re-appointed. In 8 Henry III. Robert de Lexington ; and in the same year William de Briwere again obtained the com mand. It was while William de Briwere was castellan, that a conference being held with the barons, in the presence of the king, the archbishop of Canterbury urged the con cession in full of the charter obtained during the preceding reign ; and upon this, William de Briwere, who was one of the king's council, stood up, and declared that "those liberties having been by force extorted ought not to be observed." The arch bishop immediately replied, " William, if thou didst love the king, thou wouldst not be an impediment to the peace of the realm." The young king observing that the archbishop was much moved, said, " We have sworn that they shall be observed, and we will keep our oath." In 10 Henry III. Robert de Tateshall was governor. 13 Henry III. to the 17th of the same reign, Bryan de L'Isle again held the castle : and in that year it was for a short time in the hands of Hugh Despenser. It was then governed by Gilbert de Segrave, and afterwards by William, Earl of Derby. About that period, the manor and castle of Bolsover were conferred, as an inherit ance under the crown, upon John Scott, Earl of Chester ; and he dying without ' issue, it passed to Ada his fourth sister and co-heiress, who married Henry de Hast ings, Lord Abergavenny. In 1243 it was resumed by the crbwn, an equivalent being made to the possessor ; and, twelve years afterwards, the government was bestowed on Roger, son of Nigel de Lovetot, then sheriff of the counties of Nottingham and Derby. In 1301, Ralph Pipard held Bolsover and Hareston castles for life. Sir Richard Stury also held Bolsover for life. In 1456, Edmund of Hadham, Earl of Richmond, and father of Henry VII. died possessed of Bolsover and Hareston. Henry VIII. granted those castles to Thomas Howard, Duke of Norfolk ; but they reverted to the crown on the attainder of his son, the second Duke. On the 10th of April, 5 Edward VI. a lease of Bolsover castle, for fifty years, was granted to Sir John Byron, and two years afterwards, the fee-farm was granted to George Talbot, knt. Lord Talbot; and in 1608, Gilbert Talbot, Earl of Shrewsbury, and others granted a lease of the manor for one thousand years to Sir Charles Cavendish, knt. for a rent of £10. per annum ; and five years subsequently the same Earl, in considera tion of a certain sum of money, sold the manor to Sir Charles, who immediately com menced the erection of the castellated mansion at the north end. The son of Sir Charles, who was so eminently distinguished for his loyalty during the reign of Charles I. entertained that monarch three times at Bolsover castle. The expense of the first reception was £4,000, of the second nearly £15,000, and of the third, which was considered as a slight affair, about £1,500. At the second entertainment, the queen was present. Lord Clarendon, speaking of the first royal visit, says, " such an excess of feasting as had scarce ever been known in England before, and would be still thought very prodigious, if the same noble person had not, within a year or two afterwards, made the king and queen a more stupendous entertainment (which, God be thanked) though possibly it might too much whet the appetite of others to excess, no man after those days imitated." This magnificent host of royalty, had been pre viously ennobled, and is distinguished in the history of the civil wars, as Earl and Marquess of Newcastle, and at the restoration he was created Duke of Newcastle. The Duchess, in her celebrated memoirs of her illustrious consort, says of the second entertainment, that it was held in the year after the first, which the king liked so well that " a year after his return out of Scotland, he was pleased to send my Lord word, that her majesty, the queen, was resolved to make a progress into the northern parts, desiring him to prepare the like entertainment for her majesty, as he had formerly done for him, which my Lord did, and endeavoured for it with all possible care and industry, sparing nothing that might add splendour to that feast, which both their majesties were pleased to honour with their presence. Ben Jonson he employed in fitting up such scenes and speeches as he could best devise, and sent for all the gentry 116 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER of the country to come and wait on their majesties, and, in short, did all that ever he could to render it great, and worthy of their royal acceptance. This entertainment he made at Bolsover, in Derbyshire, some five miles distant from Welbeck, and re signed Welbeck for their majesties' lodging. It cost him between fourteen and fif teen thousand pounds." The table linen on this occasion is stated by the Duchess to have cost £160. The transactions of that period in which the Uteri of Newcastle, as commander-in- chief of the king's forces in the northern and midland districts, was so constantly employed, belong to the general history of the country, and will be found in the pre ceding portion of this work. His grandson, Henry, the second duke, died in 1691 without issue, and his estates devolved to his sister and co-heiress, Margaret ; this lady married John Holies, Earl of Clare, who, in 1694, was cieated Duke of New castle. Their only daughter, Henrietta, married Edward Harley, Earl of Oxford, whose sole heiress, Lady Margaret Cavendish Harley, brought the manor or barcny of Bolsover to William, Duke of Portland, the grandfather of the present noble Duke. Not a vestige of the ancient Norman structure, erected by William Peverell, is now remaining. It is supposed that the present structure, a square building of brown stone, is erected on the same site on which the ancient csstle stood : it is situate at the north-west end of the town, on the brink of a high limestone rock that commands a great extent of country. This building, erected at different periods, is of consider able extent, and, from its great elevation, serves as a land-mark for the surrounding country. The oldest part of the present structure (which is now occupied) was erected by the command of Sir Charles Cavendish, about the year 1613, who designed it evidently more for a place of abode than a fortification. The interior of this portion of Bolsover castle exhibits a curious specimen of the domestic arrangements and ac commodations of the age when it was built. The rooms are small, and the walls are wainscotte.l and fancifully inlaid and painted. The ceilings of the best apartments are carved and gilt, and the floors are generally of plaster. Bolsover castle, as it now appears, is of singular architecture. Upon passing OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 117 through some large gates, observes an ingenious writer in the Topographer, " we soon enter upon the noble terrace (high raised by nature and by art) that forms the western side, and overlooking a fruitful valley, commands the park and seat of Sut ton, and a rich circle of country. Along this terrace stands the range of building, now reduced to a shell, built by the Duke of Newcastle. Passing this we come to the house built by his father. A broad flight of steps leads to the entrance, on each side of which are portersModges. Having passed these, we enter into a high en closed paved court, where a regular front presents itself in the form somewhat of the letter E : viz. two small wings and a lesser in the centre ; in the latter is the porch, and over the door is a kneeling figure of an Hercules, who supports on his shoulders a heavy balcony ; two lions, sculptured in stone, stand by his side ; above are the arms of Cavendish and a coronet ; and through it a passage leads to the hall, which is not large, but perfectly consonant with the building, being supported in the centre by two pillars, from whence, and from brackets on the side of the wall, issue the rami fications of the ribbed roof. In the hall there are some old portraits of little or no value, and the labours of Hercules are painted in different compartments. Here is a polished marble slab, and an old oak table, with gilt edges ' Perforated sore, And drilled in holes, the solid oak is found, By worms voracious, eaten through and through.' " From the hall, through an anteroom, is the entry into the dining-room, now called the drawing-room, a name it has recently assumed in place of the pillar par lour, by which designation it was formerly known. A circular column of stone in the centre of the room supports the ceiling, similar to that in the hall ; round this pillar is the dining-table ; the walls are wainscotted, and richly ornamented with many old-fashioned devises, partly gilt, in the manner of James the First's time. Emblematical representations of the five senses, all very indifferently painted, occupy various compartments round the top part of the room. The windows are formed and fashioned to correspond with the interior decorations ; the views from the win dows are extensive and pleasing ; the chimney-piece of this room is very shewy and expensive (as indeed are those in all the rooms, even the bed-chambers) and as ele gant as the ponderous (yet surely magnificent ones) in this reign could be. The stair case is of stone, somewhat in the castle style, though not circular. Above stairs is a noble room, called the star-chamber, rich in all the ornaments of the day, carved and gilt, with painted wainscot, a deep cornice adorned with arms, a rich chimney-piece, Hne old furniture, and numerous windows, from whence are varied and almost bound less prospects ; the walls are decorated with the portraits of twelve Roman emperors. The many bed-chambers and other apartments are all of the same date and taste, but few have any remaining furniture. A long and narrow flight of steps leads to the roof, which is of -lead, from whence the view is nearly boundless. " From houses singular, like this, the mind is furnished with new ideas, the imagery and fashion of past ages crowd upon the fancy, and the most pleasing of our intellectual faculties are gratified with a delightful exercise. " At the head of the first staircase a door opens to the garden wall, wliich is very bread. It is wide enough to allow three or four persons to walk a-breast, and com mands a delightful prospect." In the passage, on a pillar under the dome, are these lines, written by the Rev. W. Tinsley, the present inhabitant of this castle : "Let not each conceited fribble, "But you! ye nobly great ! yetrulywise! Whose fingers itch his name to scribble, Though virtue, and not fame, you prize. Dare to pollute these time-tried walls : Find here fit tablet for a deathless name : Bethink (hee, how have passed thy fleeting days ? This pile, like you, may well defy If void of honour — undeserving praise: Each storm that howls along the sky; On thee nor time, nor fame has calls, Its base remains the same, Unnoticed mayst thou live — unnotie'd die, And proudly on its native rock As weeds that spring, weeds only to supply. Shall long resist the tempest's shock." 118 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER " What was wanting in these rooms 6eems to have been supplied by a range of buildings, which is now in ruins, standing on a noble terrace commanding a magnifi cent prospect in its full extent ; the side walls and the floor of the apartments, which were entered from the terrace by a grand flight of steps, are all that remain, the roof having been taken off long ago. The proposed extent of this structure may be con- cefved from the dimensions of the gallery, which was 220 feet in length by 28 feet wide. The dining-room was 78 feet by 33 feet. In it was a picture of the Duke of Newcastle upon horseback. The with-drawing-room was 39 feet by 33. The lodg ing-room was 36 feet by 33. In it were several portraits, viz. king Charles II. another of the same when a boy ; Sir Charles Cavendish, father of the first Duke of Newcastle; Henry, the second Duke of Newcastle; Elizabeth Basset, daughter of William Basset, of Blore, mother of Henry, second Duke of Newcastle, and Charles, Lord Mansfield. There were two entrances into this noble range of buildings. Out of the great court entering the dining-room was a stately door-case. Over the door were cut three coats of arms within the garter. In a scroE were under-written the words ' Cavendo tutus.' " The stables, riding-house, and smithy, erected about the same time, and which form two sides of the outer court, are spacious. The whole range is 276 feet from the east corner of the house. Perhaps it is not possible now to ascertain the exact situation of the ancient castle, which was first built at Bolsover ; but it is probable that it stood near the spot on which the present is erected." It has already been observed that Bolsover castle was taken by assault from the rebellious barons, in the reign of king John : whether much resistance was made, on this occasion, does not appear. It is, however, very probable that there was a sharp engagement near this fortress, at this or some other time ; for several human bones were found a few years ago on the north-east side of the town. Moreover, there are two crosses wrought into the wall which supports the terrace on the west side, about five feet from the ground, and near the first gate-way. The larger is five feet long, and one foot three inches broad ; the other, three feet long and one foot two inches broad. These onee lay flat on the ground as gravestones, and it is more than proba ble that they were the sepulchral tokens of christians, that, falling in action, were in terred at the foot of the wall. Whether there was a chapel then in the garrison, as there was afterwards, is not known ; but supposing the affirmative, these parties, as assailants, were not likely to receive burial there. The crosses are evidently of the same form and style, of a rude sculpture in relief, very ancient, and introduced into the wall at some later period. The small fastening stones, along the top of the longer one, are a plain argument of this. The first of the masques prepared by Ben Jonson, is entitled Love's Welcome. The King's entertainment at Welbeck, in Nottinghamshire, a house of the Right Honourable William, Earl of Newcastle, Viscount Mansfield, Baron of Bothal and Bolsover, S?c. at his going into Scotland, 1633. — Gifford, in his edition of Jonson's Works, says, " The object was merely to introduce, in a kind of anti-masque, a course of Quintain, performed by the gentlemen of the county, neighbours to this great Earl, in the guise of rustics, in which much awkwardness was affected, and much real dexterity probably shown." The game or diversion of Quintain is thus described by Dr. Kennet : " They set up a post perpendicularly in the ground, and then placed a slender piece of timber on the top of it, on a spindle, with a board nailed to it on one end and a bag of sand on the other. Against this board they rode with spears. Dr. Plot writes that he saw it at Deddington, in Oxfordshire, where only strong staves were used ; which, violently bringing about the bag of sand, if they made not good speed away, it struck them on the neck and .shoulders, and sometimes perhaps knocked them off their horses." The entertainment is for the most part quaint and ludicrous, and the contest at Quintain is given in honour of the union of the Lord-Lieutenancy of the two coun ties of Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire in the person of the Earl of Newcastle. This union is represented by a marriage, Bold Stub, of Sherwood, and Pem, the daugh- OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 119 ter.of Father Fitz- Ale, herald of Derby. From the introductory part we quote the following verses : " We come with our peers. Of ale and craft. And crave your ears, With skill to graft To present a wedding, Jn some old stock Intended a bedding Of the yeoman block Of both the shires. And forest blood Father Fitz-Ale Of old Sherwood. Hath a daughter stale And he hath found In Derby town Within the ground. Known up and down At last, no shrimp For a great antiquity : Whereon to imp And Pern she hight, His jollv club A solemn wight But a bold Stub As you should meet O' the right wood, In any street A champion good ; In that ubiquity. Who here in place Her he hath brought Presents himself As having sought Like doughty elf By many a draught Of Greenwood chase." The combatants, or rather, riders at the Quintain, are named Red-hood, Blue- hood, Tawny-hood, Motley-hood, and Russet-hood. It is probable that in these characters some general allusion was intended to the parties into which the politics of the state were then divided ; but we will not pretend to decipher these mummeries, although we may venture to surmise, that by Tawny-hood is meant the Presbyterians or the Puritans. Tawny-hoodls course (at the Quintain.) Well run, Tawny, the abbot's churl, His jade gave him a jerk. As he would have his rider hurl His hood after the kirk. But he was wiser, and well beheft, For this is all that he hath left. The piece concludes with an eulogium on Charles, in blank-verse, from which we extract the following fine passage, the very flattery of which ought to have taught the unhappy monarch what he ought to have been. - such a king As men would wish, that knew not how to hope His like, but seeing him ! A prince, that's law Unto himself; is good for goodness' sake. And so becomes the rule unto his subjects 1 That studies not to seem or to show great. But be : — not drest for other's eyes and ears, With visors and false rumours, but makes fame Wait on his actions, and thence speak his name.' The masque performed, the next year (30th July, 1634) at Bolsover, at the grand entertainment before King Charles and his Queen, was entitled Love's Welcome. This little piece seems to be given very imperfectly in the works of its eminent au thor. It commences with a piece sung " by two tenors and a bass" while the king and queen sat at banquet. After the banquet their majesties were entertained with dialogues and dances of mechanics, in which Ben Jonson vents his spleen against Inigo Jones, the architect, whom he introduces under the appellation of Colonel Vitruvius. A second banquet was then set down before the king and queen " from the clouds by two Loves, Eros and Anteros : one as the king's, the other as the queen's, differenced by their garlands only : his of white and red rcses, the other of lilies interwoven, gold, silver, purple, &c. with a bough of palm in his hand cleft a little at the top ; they were both armed and winged ; with bows and quivers, cassocks, breeches, buskins, gloves and perukes alike. They, stood silent awhile, wondering at one another, till at last the lesser of them (Eros) began to speak." Their conversa tion, which is fantastical and metaphysical, is in rhyme ; and is interrupted by Phi- lalethes, who tells them, that should they swear to these refined reasons and propor tions of the affections, they " would hardly get credit above a fable, here, in the edge 120 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER of Derbyshire, the region of ale." The same character concludes the masque with a complimentary address to their majesties in prose. The fountain at Bolsover is situate in a small garden adjoining the old house, or what used to be called the little house, at Bolsover : it stands in an octagon reservoir six feet deep, which received the water from the images and heads placed in the an gles and sides. Four of these figures resemble griffins standing upon semicircular ped estals ; they are made of stone, and well executed ; in the other four angles are figures like satyrs sitting astride on birds, probably eagles ; but they are now so mu tilated, that their precise shape is not to be made out ; on the sides are arched niches, in which are busts of eight of the Roman emperors, made of alabaster. In the centre is a square rusticated pedestal, with ornaments projecting from the angles. Towards the middle, is a cistern which was to receive the water from the masks on the sides of the pedestal, through which pipes are conveyed : the sides of this cistern are orna mented with good sculpture ; in the centre is a marquess' coronet over the Cavendish crest ; on each side of it hangs a bunch of fruit, which two birds are picking at ; at the corners are heads of eagles, which spouted out water : on the top of the pedestal is a statue of Venus in alabaster ; she has wet drapery in her hand, with one fcoton a kind of step, in the act of getting out of a bath. The water that supplied this cu rious fountain was brought by pipes from a spring about two hundred yards north of the garden, and which filled a leaden cistern adjoining to the garden wall, whence it was conveyed by pipes to the fountain. In the civil wars the houses of the Duke of Newcastle were pulled down and dis- furnished, of which the furniture here, and at Welbeck, was particularly rich, and one suit of linen alone, bought for the king's entertainment here, cost £160. At this period Bolsover castle was a garrison under the command of Colonel Muschamp. The following account of its capture by the parliamentary forces, is given in a Par liamentary Chronicle, published by Vicars, entitled the Burning Bush not Consumed. "Shortly alter August 16, 1644, the noble Major-General having left Colonel Bright, a commander of my Lord Fairfax's, and a party of foot in the castle (Shef field) by order from the most noble Earl of Manchester, advanced towards Bolsover castle, about eight miles from Sheffield. It being another strong house of Marquesse Newcastle's, in Derbyshire, which was well manned with soldiers, and strengthened with great guns, one whereof carried eighteen pound bullets, others nine pound, and it had strong works about it ; yet this castle also, upon summons, was soon rendered up to my Lord's forces, upon fair and moderate articles granted to them. It pleased God to give us, in this castle of Bolsover, an hundred and twenty muskets, besides pikes, halberts, &c. Also one iron drake, some ieaden bullets, two mortar pieces, some other drakes, nine barrels of powder, with a proportion of match, some victuals for our soldiers, and some plunder." The parliament, who had seized it on account of the delinquency of its noble pro prietor, William, Earl and afterwards Duke of Newcastle, sold it, and part of it was pulled down, but Sir Charles Cavendish, his younger brother, finding means to re purchase it of the parliamentarians at an advanced price, prevented the total demoli tion of it. Huntingdon Smithson, an architect who has been honoured with the notice of Horace Walpole, is understood to have furnished the designs for Bolsover castle, but he did not live to witness its erection. He collected his materials from Italy, where he was sent by the Duke of Newcastle for the purpose. Smithson died at Bolsover in the year 1648, and was buried in the chancel of the church, where there is a poetic inscription to his memory, in which his skill in architecture is a principal feature. Walpole says, that " Many of his drawings were purchased by the late Lord Byron from his descendants, who lived at Bolsover :" hence it appears that he was a man of considerable eminence in his profession. The immense pile of building that his genius contributed to produce, is gradually, though slowly, wearing away. Trees now grow in some of the apartments, and the ivy creeps along the walls ; but there is nothing strikingly picturesque in any part of the structure which is now in ruins. The best view of Bolsover castle is from the road, on the north-east entrance into the OF THE COUNTY OF DEI! BY. 121 town, from a place called Iron Cliff. From the Chesterfield road below, a good view ofthe whole structure may be obtained, but the almost total want of majestic trees and luxuriant foliage, renders it but an indifferent subject for the pencil. " A broad terrace commences at the northern extremity of Bolsover castle, and ex tends along the whole front of the building ; it then sweeps round the southern side ofthe village, and inclines towards the east. On the right border of this terrace four watch-towers yet remain ; they stand on the brow of a natural rocky rampart, that terminates against the ridge of hill along which we had just passed in ot.r walk from Hardwick through Glapwell and Palterton. Where this junction takes place an arti ficial rampart, with a deep ditch, commences and spans the other half of Bolsover from the south to the north-east." Bolsover church is a plain Norman structure, with a tower terminated by a low spire, dedicated to St. Mary. The living is a vicarage, of the clear value of £14. and yearly tenths 11*. 11 \d. It has been augmented by £200. subscribed, and £10. per annum rent charge, given by the Earl of Oxford in 1716, Royal Bounty £400. in 1728, and a Parliamentary grant of £200. and is now worth about £130. per annum. There was a church at Bolsover in the reign of Henry II. It was then given by William Peverell, of Nottingham, to the Abbey of Darley. The present patron is the Duke of Portland, and the' incumbent is the Rev. William Tinsley. In the church is an ancient sculpture, discovered about 120 years ago, which served as a step to the north door of the church. On the lower side of the stone was discovered an ancient rude sculpture of very high relief, representing the nativity of our Saviour. The Virgin Mary appears to be sitting in a stable, with a mutilated figure of the infant Jesus in her lap, who seems to have had one hand on a dove. The three figures standing round the Virgin Mary are probably intended to repre sent the wise men of the East, when they fell down and worshipped the infant Jesus, and opened their treasures, presenting unto him gifts ; gold, frankincense and myrrh. The two camels' heads are looking over or into the manger ; the great projection of these heads is very singular. The stone is five feet by three, and appears, from the drapery and other parts of the sculpture, to be the work of the twelfth or thirteenth century. It was then probably held in high estimation ; and from the situation in which it was found, we are led to suppose it was put there as a place of safety during the frequent attacks that were made on Bolsover castle. In a small chapel on the south side of the church, which has been added to the original building, there are some costly monuments. On the entrance into the monu ment room, over the door, is the date when it was built, A. D. 1618 ; and above are the Cavendish arms and crest. On the outside of the church, on the battlements, is cut in wrought iron, in capital letters, the family motto, Cavendo tutus — Secure from Caution. On the dexter side are the Cavendish arms, three Stags' heads ca- boshed, a crescent for difference. On the sinister side the arms of Ogle, a fesse be tween three crescents, and above the last, on a wreath, a rose. Within this room are two fine monuments, one in memory of Sir Charles and Lady Cavendish. Under a Grecian arch, is an altar-tomb on which is an effigy of a knight in armour, his own hair, hands in a praying posture, &c. On an altar-tomb, lower placed, is the effigy of his Lady in her gown, in full proportion, with her hands in a praying posture. Under them, the effigies of their children, viz. three sons, Charles Cavendish, esq. WilUam Cavendish, knt. and Charles Cavendish, esq. kneeling on cushions in the at titude of prayer. The figures about these are of alabaster, and all the parts are richly ornamented. Arms and Inscriptions in the Church. Charles Cavendish to his Sons. I made my life my monument, and yours, cnMnoe ,, „„, , .. ,. ,. , , „„„ To which there's no material that endures. oonnes, seek not me among these polish d stones. These only hide part of my flesh and bones ; Nor yet inscription like it, write but that, wnicn did they nere so neat or proudly dwell, And teache your Nephews it to emulate, will all be dust, and may not make me swell. ]t will be matter loude enough to tell. Let such as have outliv'd all praise, Not wnen ' <-ictl> but how l "v'd> farewdl- Trust in the tombs their careful friends do raise ; 122 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER His Posterltie of Him to Strangers. Charles Cavendish was a man whom Knowledge, zeal, sincerity, made religious; Experience, discretion, courage, made valiant; Reading, conference, judgment, made learned; Religion, valour, learning, made wise; Birth, merit, favour, made noble ; Respect, means, charitie, made bountiful ; Equitie, conscience, office, made just; Nobihtie, bountie, justice, made honourable Counsell, aydev secrecie, made a trustie friend; Love, truth, constancie, made a kind husband ; Affection, advice, care, made a loving father; Friends, wife, sonnes, made content; Wisdom, honour, content, made happy. From which happiness he was translated to the bet ter, on the 4th April, 1617, yet not without the sad and wcepmgremembranceofhissorrowfullady, Katherine, second daughter to Cuthbert, late Lord Ogle, and sis ter to Jane Essen t, Countess of Shrewsbury. She of her piety, with her two surviving sons, have dedi cated this humble monument to his memory, and do all desire, in their time, to be gathered, expecting the happy hour of resurrection, when these garments here putting off, shall be put on glorified. Another monument to the memory of Henry Ca vendish, Duke of Newcastle, &c. is composed of dif ferent coloured marbles. In design it is architectural; from the base rises four colums, which supports a magnificent pediment, ornamented with two white mj rule figures ; emblematic devices, inscriptions, and a variety of decorative sculpture are scattered about this spend. d monument. To the memory of these, her ancestors and relations, this monument was erected by the direction of the Right Hon. the Lady Henrietta Cavendish Holies Harley, Countess of Oxford, and Countess Mortimer, 1726. In this vault underneath are deposited the remains of the Most Noble Henry Cavendish, Duke of New castle, who died at Welbeck, 12th August, 16&1, aged 60 years. Frances, his wife, died at London, 23rd September, 1695. Margaret, third daughter, and heir to the above, arid wife to the Most Noble John Holies, Duke of Newcastle, was interred 5th January, 1716. In the same vault lyeth the body of Charles, Lord Viscount Mansfield, eldest son of William, Duke of Newcastle. Within this vault doth likewise lie the body of Sir Charles Cavendish, younger brother to the renowned William, Duke of Newcastle. On a brass, in the chancel, for Frances and Thomas Barker, are these Arms— Per pale 1 per chevron en grailed, Or and Sable, a Lion rampant, counterchanged on a canton, Gules, a fleur-de-lys, Or (Barker) impal ing quarterly 1 and 4, Parker, of Norton Lees, Gules, a chevron between three Leopards' faces, Or, 2nd, Gotham, of Lees, per fessc, embattled Or and Suite, three Goats trippant counterchanged. On Dame Barker's monument are the following Arms : quarterly 1 and 4. Barker, 2 and 3, Gules, a chevron between three bt san ts, over all an escutcheon of pretence. Quarterly of the Arms of Hallowes and Woodhouse, of Glapwell, 1 and 4 Azure, on a fesue, between three crescents, Argent, as many torteaux's (Hallowes) 2 and 3 per pale, Axure and Sable, a chev ron engrailed, Ermine, between three plates (Wool- house). There are some memorials for the Woolhouse family, 1635 — 1667- Bassano's Church Notes, taken in 1710, mentions a tomb of William Woolhouse, esq. 1411, and others for the Barkers, of Norton Lees-hall, 1659, &c. Ladv Barker, relict of the late Sir Robert Barker, bart. the last of this family, and heiressof Brabazon Hallowes, esq. was buried at Bohover in 1806. In the chancel is the tomb of Huntingdon Smith- son, esq. architect, who died in 1618. The first four lines of the epitaph are: *' Reader, beneath this plaine stone buried lie, Smithson's remainders of mortality, Whose skill in architecture did deserve A. fairer tomb his memory to preserve." Bassano mentions the monument of Anthony Lowe, who died 1643. This was Edward Lowe, son and heir of Edward Lowe, of Alderwasley, esq. : he wasin the service of the king, and probably with the Earl of Newcastle's forces, in 1643, when he died. Charities. Lady Henrietta Cavendish Holies, Countess of Ox ford and Mortimer, in 175.5 left a sum of money to build a school, and the parishioners giving their assist ance, a school-room was erected, and a surplus re- Dowker Samuel mained out of the donation of £50. which sum was invested in the hands of the Duke of Portland, who pays to the school-master £5. per annum, for the in struction of six poor children. Gisborne Rev. Francis. Johnson Richard Leach Francis * Smithson Isabella .... Stone Anne Tompkin Francis , Wilkinson William .... Youle Richard £10 Rent charge Rentcharge < £3508 4 3 con- \ sols, 3 per cent. £10 Rentcharge Rentcharge Rentcharge Poor Clothing Poor Poor Marriage portions \ and Poor f Poor Poor ,.. Poor Poor Will 25th Sept. 1738. Will 1818- Will 2nd March, 1714. Will 14th April, 1759. Bolsover and Whalley. Will 50th June, 1699- William de Ferrars, Earl of Derby, settled an annual rent charge of a mark of silver on the chaplain of the chapel in Bolsover castle. There had been for many years a Presbyterian meeting-house at Bolsover, which, after haying been long shut up, was re-opened in 1813 by the Independents. The Methodists have erected a small chapel here. *Mrs. Isabella Smithson, who died in 1761, supposed to have been grand-daughter of John Smithson, esq. son of the architect, who died in 1716, aged 78, bequeathed the sum of £2000. to the poor of Bolsover; her executors having refused to pay it, a suit was commenced, aud the money was recovered, together with £956. interest, in 1770. The interest of this money, which has been laid out in bank annuities, is now appropriated* under the direction of the court of chancery, under the discretion of the minister, churchwardens, and four trustees. It has hitherto been given (in sums not exceeding three guineas annually) to persons upwards of 55 years of age, not possessed of any property, and never having received parochial relief. OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 123 Pedigree ofthe Descent of Bolsover, through the noble families of CAVENDISH, HOLLES, HARLEY, and BENTINCK. TITLES. Dukeof Portland, Marquess of Tichfield, Earl of Portland, Viscount Woodstock, and Baron Cirencester. ARMS. 1st and 4th, Quarterly. Azure, a Cross moline, Argent, Bentinck. Sable, three Harts' heads caboshed. Argent, Cavendish, Earl and Duke of Newcastle. 2nd and 3rd, Or, within a border, engrailed, Gules, a bend, Azure, charged with two crescents, Argent, and a mullet of six points. Or, Scott. CREST of the Duke of Portland.— Out of a Marquess's coronet. Proper, two Arms counter embowed vested. Gules, gloved, Or, holding in each an Ostrich feather, Argent. SUPPORTERS. Two Lions double queued (taile.i) the dexter Or, the sinister Sable. MOTTO. Craignez honte. (Fear disgrace.) SEATS. Bolsover Castle, Derbyshire, Welbeck Abbey, Nottinghamshire, and Bulstrode, Buckingham shire. Town residence, 19 Cavendish Square. Note. The Cavendishes, Dukes of Newcastle, used the same Arms and Crest as the Duke of Devon shire now uses, with due difference. And for Supporters, on the dexter side a Bull, Or, gorged with a ducal coronet, Gules; on the sinister, a Lion parti per fess, Or and Gules, ducally crowned, Gold. Holies, Duke of Newcastle's Arms were, Ermine, two Piles, Sable'. Crest, on a chapeau. Gules, turned up. Ermine, a Hoar passant, Azure, bristled, hoofed, and armed, Or : Supporters, dexter, a Lion, Azure, sinister, a Wolf, Or. Harley, Earl of Oxford, Or, a bend, cottized, Sable. Sir William Cavendish, of Chats worth, co.= Elizabeth, daughter of John, and sister and co-heir of John Derby, knt, I Hardwick, of Hardwick, co. Derby, esq. Henry Cavendish, of Tutbury, an cestor of Lord Waterpark, of Doveridge. William Caven dish, Earl of Devonshire, an cestor of the Dukes of Devon shire. Margaret, 1st ux. dau. =Sir Charles Cavendish, of=Catherme, 2nd ux and co-heir of Sir Bolsover, co. Derby, knt, Thomas Kitson, knt. 3rd son. purchased Bols over, 1613, and there died April 4, 1617. two years after the completion of the present castle. of Hengrave, in Suf folk, obt. S. P. dau. and co-heir of CuthbertOgle, Ba ron Ogle; declared Baroness Ogle, in her own right anno 1628. Charles Caven dish,esq.obt. in fant. Margaret, dau. of= Sir Charles Lucas, Maid of Honour to Henrietta, Queen of England. She was an authoress, and wrote the Life of her Husband. She died in 1673. William Cavendish, Duke, Marquess= and Earl of Newcastle, Earl of Ogle, Baron Cavendish, of Bolsover, Vis count Mansfield, K. G. Commander- in-chief, Lieut-General for Charles I. to whose cause he firmly adhered ; bapt. at Handsworth, co. York, Dec. 16. 1593; died Dec. 25, 1676, aged 84; buried, and has a splendid monument in Westminster Abbey. Elizabeth, dau. and sole heiress of William Bas- sett, of More, co. Staf ford, and Langley, co. Derby, and relict of the Hon. Henry Howard, third son of the Earl of Suffolk and Berkshire. Sir Charles Cavendish,purchased Bolsover ofthe Common wealth* 124 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER Charles, eldest son, Lord Visct. Mans field, bur. at Bols over, obt. infant. William, 2nd son, died just as he be came of age, S. P. Charles Cavendish, 3rd son, mar- Eli zabeth, dim. of liichard Rogers, of Branston, eo. Worcester, esq. but obt. during his father's life time, S. P. Hairy Cavendish, 2nd Duke of Newcastle, &c K. G. &e. &c. 4th, but surviving son and heir, bom 1650, died 26th July, 1691, aged 60, bur. 12th August, at Bolsover. -.Frances, dau. of William Pierre pont, esq. 2nd son of Robert, Earl of Kings ton- She died 23rd September, 1695. Jane, mar. Charles Cheynev, ofL'hes- ham Bojs, eo. Buckingham, esq. Elizabeth, mar, Jno.Eggerton.Earl of Biidgewater. Frances, mar. Oli ver St. John, after created Lord Boi ling broke. Henry Cavendish=Elizabeth, Percy, Baron sole dau. Ogle, took the and heir name of Percy on of Jocelin his marriage, but Percy, Earl died in his fa- of North- ther's life time, umberland. anno 1680, S. P. Elizabeth, wife 1st to Christo pher Monck, Earl of Albe marle ; and 2ndly, of Ralph, Duke of Montague. i Frances,married John Campbel, Earl of Bredal- bane. Catherine, mar. Tho. Tufton, Earl of Thanet, obt. 1712. Arabella, married Charles Spencer, K.irl of Sunder land, obt. 5, 1716. 1698. Margaret, = 3rd dau. and heir died Dec. 24, 1715, bur. Jan. John Holies, Earl of Clare, aud Duke of Newcastle, in 1694 was pos sessed of Bols over, &c. and dving July 15, 1711, aged ... the title be* came extinct Edward Harley, 2nd Earl of Oxford=Henrietta Cavendish Holies; married October 31st, 1713; and Mortimer, Lord of Bolsover, &c. in right of his wife. He died June 16, 1741, aged 42. died Decembers, 1755; erected the monument in Bols over church in memory of her ancestors- William Bentinck, 2nd Duke and 3rd Earl of Portland, K. G.= Margaret Cavendish Harley, only daughter &c. &c. Lord of Bolsover, &c. in right of his wife. He was son of Henry, 1st Duke, son of William, 1st Earl of the family. He was born 1709, died 1st May, 1762. and heir. Married 11th July, 1734; died 7th July, 1785. William Henry Cavendish-: Bentinck, third Duke of Portland, K. G. F. R. S. D. C. L. Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, &c. &c- born April 14, 17-38, died 30th October, 1809. Dorothy Caven dish, dau. of William, fourth Dukeof Devon shire, mar. 8th Nov. 1766, died 3rd June, 1794. Edward Charles Cavendish Ben tinck, youngest son, born May 3, 1714, M. P. for Carlisle, &c. mar. Elizabeth, eldest dau. of Richard Cum berland, esq. Dec. 28, 1782. Elizabeth, born June 27, 1735, married May 22, 1759, Thomas Thyne, Lord Viscount Wey mouth, after wards Marquess of Bath, and has I Henrietta, born Mar. 6, 1736. mar. 1763, Geo. Harry Grey, Earl of Stam ford, and has issue. Margaret, obt. ccelebs, 20ih April, 1756. Frances, youngest dau. died an infant. William Henry= CavendishScott Bentinck, fourth Duke of Portland, K.G. &c. born June 24, 1768. In Sept. 1795, he took the name and arms of Scott with Ben tinck ; living, 1830, at Wel beck, Notts. Henrietta, dau. and heiress of GeneralJohn Scott, of Balcomy, co. Fife, mar. 4th August, 1795. William Henry Cavendish Ben tinck, K. G. C B. Lieut.-Gen. Colonel of the 11 th dragoons, Clerk of the Pipe in the Ex chequer, &c. born 14th Sep. 1774, married Mary Achson, dau. of Arthur, Earl of Gos- ford. Feb. 19, 1803, dau. of Sey mour, mar Sep, eld.= William-Francis: Charles-James- Augustus Caven dish Bentinck, Lieut.-Colonel 21, 1808. &c. born . obt. Dec. 17K0, died . 10, 1813, 1826. S.P. Two sons. Two daus. Anne, eld. Frederick Charlotte, dau. of Cavendish mar. 31st Richard, Bentinck, Mar. 1793, Marquess Lieut-Col. Charles of Wei- grenadier Greville, lesley, foot guards, esq. mar. 23d born Nov. Mary. July, 2, 1781, 1816. mar. Mary, dau. of Wm. Lowther,Earl of Lons dale, 1820. I William Henry Scott Ben tinck, Marquess of Tich- field, born Aug. 21 , 1796, died March 4, 1824. William John Scott Bentinck, Marquess of Tichfield, born September 18, 1800. George, born 1802. Henry, born 1804. I INI Caroline, born Henrietta, July 6, 1799. Charlotte, Lucy, Mary. Linkage ofthe Newcastle branch of the Cavendish family, possessors of Bolsover, i)c. Sir Charles Cavendish, knt. third son of the first Earl of Devonshire, purchased the fee of Bolsover castle, in 1613, of the crown ; and having rebuilt it, he made it OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 125 his residence, and died there two years after its completion. His son, Sir William Cavendish, knt. was created a baron of the realm, in 18 James I. by the title of Lord Ogle: he was subsequently made Viscount Mansfield, and on the 17th of March, in the third year of the reign of Charles I. his lordship was advanced to the dignity of Baron Cavendish, of Bolsover, and, Earl of Newcastle upon Tyne; and was appointed governor of prince Charles. In the beginning of the contest between the King and Parliament, his lordship fortified and garrisoned the town of Newcastle, Bols over, &c. for his majesty's service. Ever active in the service of his sovereign, his lord ship obtained considerable advantages over the parliamentary troops at Gainsborough, in Lincolnshire, and at Chesterfield, in this county, besides numerous important suc cesses at various places in Yorkshire ; particularly at Bradford, where he discomfitted the principal northern division of the enemy's forces, and took twenty-two great guns, and many stands of colours. On account of this action, and his other eminent services, he was, by letters patent, bearing date at Oxford, 27th October, 19 Car. I. advanced to the dignity of Marquess of Newcastle ; and on the restoration of Charles II. he was created Earl of Ogle, and Duke of Newcastle. His Grace was distin guished by the epithet of the Loyal Duke of Newcastle, and was privy counsellor to both the Charleses. He commenced the re-building of Nottingham castle when he was 82 years old, and lived to see it raised one yard from the ground. The cost amounted to £14,002. 17*. lid. He thrice entertained his majesty, Charles I. at a cost little short of ,£20,000. After the Restoration this nobleman retired to a country life, and to the nursing of his wasted estates ; he repaired and even added to Bolso ver castle. In these retreats, in hospitality and splendour, he passed 26 years, and having, by virtue and temperance, attained the great age of 84, died full of honours on the 25th December, 1676.' Ha was the author of several works, but his most esteemed and best known performance is his Treatise on Horsemanship. His pecuniary losses (luring the civil war, were said to have amounted to the enormous sum of £950,000.* His Grace was twice married. His first wife was Elizabeth, the daughter and sole heiress of William Bassett, of Blore, co. Stafford, and of Langley, co. Derby (relict of the Hon. Henry Howard, third son of the Earl of Suffolk and Berkshire) by whom he had issue, four sons and three daughters. His second was Margaret, daughter of Sir Charles Lucas, one of the maids of honour to Henrietta, queen of England, whom she accompanied to Paris during the troubles in this country, and there the Earl of Newcastle espoused her in 1645. She died three years before her illustrious consort, leaving among her works as an authoress many volumes of Poems and Plays, and the Life of the noble Duke. The second Duke of Newcastle was Henry Cavendish, the fourth, and only survi ving son of his father. His Grace completed Nottingham castle in 1679 : he was a privy counsellor to James II.; but on the accession of William III. disapproving the principles of the Revolution, he retired from public life and died at Welbeck in 1691. This nobleman married Frances, grand-daughter of the Earl of Kingston, but his only son dying during his life-time, the title became extinct. His third daughter, Margaret, had espoused John Holies, Earl of Clare, who was created Duke * The following is a rental of the Marquess of Newcastle's estates in this county, in 1641. £. s. d. The baronv of Bolsover and Woodthorp ... 846 8 11' Tiie manor of Chesterfield „ 37S 0 0 The manor of Barlow 796-17 6 Tissinaton 159 11 0 Dronncld 486 15 10 Themanor of Brampton ....: 142 4 8 Little Longslone 87 -2 0 The manor of Stoke 212 3 0 Birth hall and Peak Forest 131 8 0 The mauor of Griudlow 156 8 0 Carried forward £3396 18 11 £. s. d. Brought forward 3396 18 11 The manor of Hucklow 162 10 8 Themanor of Blackwall 306 0 4 Buxton and Ticlshall 153 2 0 Mansfield Park 100 0 0 Mappleton and Thorp 207 5 0 The manor of Wiwllcy-hilt 238 18 0 The manor of Litchureh and Maekworth 713 15 1 Church and Meynell Langley mauor 850 1 0 £6128 11 0 The Duchess's Life of the Duke, page 97, states the amount of all his estates at that time to be £22,593. of which £6,229. lay in the county of Nottingham ; and £2,349. in the county of StaHbrd. 126 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER of Newcastle in 1694; and became possessed of Bolsover castle, &c. He died at Welbeck, in consequence of a fall from his horse, on the 15th of July, 1711, with out male issue, and the title again became extinct. His Lordship left an only daugh ter and heiress, Lady Henrietta Cavendish Holies, who married Edward Harley, the second Earl of Oxford and Mortimer, whose only daughter and heiress, married William Bentinck, the second Duke of Portland, and brought Bolsover and other estates to that nobleman. Lineage ofthe Bentinck family. This family is of eminent Dutch descent, and possessed estates at Diepenham, in Over-Yssel. William Bentinck, the son of Henry Bentinck, Lord of Diepenham attended William, Prince of Orange, to England, in the year 1688, as his first page of honour and confidential secretary. On the accession of his royal master, he became privy-counsellor, groom of the stole, and first gentleman of the bed-chamber. On the 9th of April in the following year, he was called to the English House of Peers by the titles of Baron Cirencester, Viscount Woodstock, and Earl of Portland. He commanded the Dutch regiment of horse-guards, and was Lieut.-General at the battle of the Boyne. In 1697 he was honoured with the order of the Garter. His Lord ship was a man of valour and talent : devoted to the principles and interests of the promoters of the great revolution, he showed himself attached to the liberties of the country that had adopted him. His Lordship married first, Anne, daughter of Sir Edward Villiers, knight marshal, and sister of Edward, Earl of Jersey, by whom he had three sons and five daughters ; and, secondly, Jane, Lady Dowager Berkeley, sixth daughter of Sir John Temple, bart. of East Sheen, by whom he had two sons and four daughters. The Earl was high in the favour, and constant in the service of king William, both in the council and in the field, and, after taking a leading part in all the wars at that time, closed an active and honourable life on the 23rd of Novem ber, 1709, and was succeeded by his eldest son. Henry, second Earl, was created Marquess of Tichfield, and Duke of Portland, on the 6th of July, 1716. His Grace married, in 1704, Lady Elizabeth Noel, eldest daughter and co-heiress of Wriothes- ley Baptist, Earl of Gainsborough, by whom he had issue William, second Duke, George, a colonel of foot, Anne, and Isabella. His Grace was Captain-General and Governor of the island of Jamaica, and died there on the 4th of July, 1 726, in the 45th year of his age. The second Duke, William, eldest son of the former, added to the possessions of the family, the castle and lordship of Bolsover and other estates of Derbyshire, by his marriage with Lady Margaret Cavendish Harley, the daughter of Edward Harley, the second Earl of Oxford and Mortimer, and who was by her mother, Henrietta Cavendish Holies, the sole representative of the Newcastle branch of the Cavendish family, the titular honours of which had become extinct in 171 1. The third Duke of Portland was also the eldest son of his father, to whose honours he succeeded in 1762. His Grace took a considerable share in the political affairs during the long and interesting reign of George III. and was twice at the head of the administration. The present Duke, the fourth who has possessed the title, succeeded his father in 1809 : his name and titles are William Henry Cavendish Scott Bentinck, F. R. S. and S. A. Duke of Portland, Marquess of Tichfield, in the county of Southampton ; Earl of Portland, in the county of Dorset ; Viscount Woodstock, of Woodstock, 'in the county of Oxford, and Baron Cirencester, of Cirencester, in the county of Glou cester. His Grace was born 24th June, 1768, and married 4th August, 1795. His Grace is Lord-Lieutenant of the county of Middlesex, and one of the trustees of the British Museum. As an agriculturist his Grace has distinguished himself by converting wastes into fertile enclosures, and by giving employment to the labourer he has at once improved his estates and benefitted his country. William Henry, Marquess of Tichfield, his Grace's eldest son, died on the 4th March, 1824, in the 28th year of his age, greatly lamented, and William John, the second son, is now Marquess of Tichfield. OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 127 BONSALL, a village, township, constablery and parish, situate in a romantic Bunteshaii, valley, amidst abrupt limestone rocks, and watered by a beautiful trout stream, 1^ m. W. of Cromford, and 3 m. N. W. of Wirksworth, is in the hun dred of Wirksworth and deanery of Ashbourn. The township includes the little villages of Brightgate and Slaley, and contained, in 1821, 302 houses, 326 families, and 1396 inhabitants. Of the 326 families, 49 were chiefly employed in agriculture, 241 in trade and handicraft, and 36 variously. The trade carried on here is smelting of lead, framework-knitting, lace-running, manufacturing colours, combs, &c. Framework-knitters, of which there are fifty, mining, and the Cromford cotton-mills, employ the majority of the labouring class. The township consists of 2384 acres of limestone land, including 1203 a. Ir. 8 p. of newly enclosed, by Acts of Parliament obtained in 1774 and 1776, divided among about 150 copyholders. The land, which is principally meadow and pasture, is di vided into small farms, at an average rental of £2. per acre. The average of seven years parochial expenses is £524. 13.$. ; this includes the poor and county-rate, con stables' accounts, &c. The church-rate averages about £50. per annum. The high ways are assessed separately. There is no work-house, consequently the paupers are sent to Alstonfield, in Staffordshire. The pauper children are seldom apprenticed out. The copyholders pay the rector £100. per annum in lieu of tithes. Besides the endowed free-school, there are Sunday-schools at the church and Bap tist chapel, supported by voluntary contributions. There are three Friendly Societies, consisting of 240 members, and six victuallers in the township. In the Doomsday Survey, Bonteshall is described as a hamlet, of the manor of Metesford (the site of which is not known) and was part of the king's lands or field. In 25 Edward I. Edward, Earl of Lancaster, held the manor ; he died in 1296, seised of the manor of Upper Bonsall, formerly belonging to the crown, and Nether Bonsall, which had been parcel of the honour of Tutbury. These manors became united, and continued annexed to the Earldom and Duchy of Lancaster until 1630, when Charles I. granted them to Charles Harbord, esq. and others, reserving a fee- farm rent. In 1632 they were sold to Henry, Earl of Dover; and in 1633 he sold his interest in them to the copyholders, subject to the same fee-farm rent. In 10 Henry VIII. Thomas Babington died, and left an estate in Bonsall to his son An thony. In 19 Henry VIII. Francis Leech died, and left his son Francis an estate; and 4 Edward VI. Ralf Leech died, and left the same to his three daughters, Joan, Elizabeth and Margaret. In 18 Henry VIII. Roger Foljambe, esq. died, and left his estate here to his son Godfrey ; the said Godfrey dying, 5 Edward VI. left the same to his son Godfrey. Sir William Cavendish, knt. left an estate here to his son Henry. Sir Henry Sacheverell left an estate here to his son John. 10 Elizabeth, Richard Blackwall, esq. died, and left to his son William an estate at Bonsall. The family of Hopkinson had a considerable freehold and copyhold estate in this parish, as early as the reign of Henry V. They became extinct the latter end of the seventeenth century. The Femes were also a family of name and substance here. Robert Ferne, esq. who built the school-house, with a dwelling-house for the master, in 1718, was ancestor of Henry Ferne, esq. Receiver General of the Customs ; the latter possessed considerable property in this parish, and also the largest share of the manor, which descended to his daughter and co-heir, Elizabeth, the wife of Edmund Tumor, esq. of Stoke Rochford, in the county of Lincoln. Isabel, their daughter, married Major General Alexander Dury (killed at the siege of St. Cas, in 1758.) and it is now the inheritance of his son and heir, Alexander Dury, esq. of Hadley, in the county of Middlesex. In 1620. It is decreed that the freeholders and copyholders of Bonsall, time out of mind, paid an ancient rent, called Weanemolle or Weanmill rent, of £3. 18*. 6d. to his Majesty, which was not in charge to the reeve, but in charge of his Majesty's bailiff and receiver of his soccage rents, within the wapentake of Wirksworth. The king's copyhold tenants in Bonsall and Slaley, claimed and allowed, by same decree, to have for every ox-gang, common of pasture for 40 sheep ; and after the same pro portion, common of pasture for all manner of cattle, on, &c. called Moor-butts, 128 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER Blackemeare, Leys-yate, White-low, to Grange-edge, Tow-meare, Cotter-slacke, Shot-walls, Gorsie-dale, Long-tor end, Smalethorn-edge, Blacklow-tower, Wensley- side, Breach-yate, Crow-stor.es, Blacklow-slacke, Ball-ley, Stow-low, Finnes, Lat- ter'd way, Ew'en-slacke, Fenny-ford, Stony-way, Monks-wall, Hember, Masson-eves, ¦' alias March-den, Cockshut-low, and the Upper-dale, and all other commons, wastes, heaths and common-ground whatsoever, in the manor or lordship of Bonsall or else where, wherein or whereupon the said copyholders of Bonsall aforesaid and Slaley, or either of them, used to have common, ecc. — The same decree regulates the stew ard's fees. See Wirksworth. In 1620, the following copyholders of Bonsall compounded with the king's com missioners for the confirmation of their customary estates here : Henry Hcpkinson, William Woolley, William Buckley, Edward Woolley, Henry Bowne, George Beastowe, William Hopkinson, John Tooke, Wiliiam Needham, William Colton, Adam Simpson, Francis Alcocke, Robert Down es, William Else, George Greensmith, Thomas Chatsworth, Edward Hopkinson, John Gratton, Thomas Bennett, John Needham, William Lowe, John Hopkinson, Thomas Needham, John Harding, John Hall, Thomas Marple, Anthony Shaw, George Bird, Margery Cooke, Edward Beastall, John Hartley, Richard Wiglie, Edward Eliat, Richard Smith, Henry Ferne, Roger Columbell, gent. James Hall, and the heirs of Anthony Greensmith. In 1625, Peter Bradshaw, citizen and merchant taylor, of London, devised Bon- tesall, otherwise Bonsall mill, which he had purchased of his Majesty's contractors, to his fourth son, Paul. About the latter end of the 17th century, Mr. Thomas Statham, steward of this manor, incurred a bill of upwards of £30. in attempting to obtain a Charter for a market here, but did not succeed. At this time it is probable the stone cross and steps were erected in the town street, in the large open place where they now stand. The manor or royalty of Bonsall belongs to the proprietors of the copyhold property within that manor, proportionably according to the amount of a certain fine or copy hold rent, payable by each person for his copyhold tenement, the whole amount of which fine or rent is about £15. The copyholders or lords of the manor being in consequence very numerous, trustees are appointed by them for transacting the busi ness of the manor with greater facility, and in whose names the Courts Leet and Courts Baron are held. James Milnes, of Matlock, esq. is the steward. The church stands on a hill, and is a gothic structure, with a tower, terminated by a handsome spire, dedicated to St. James. The living is a rectory, valued in the king's books at £9. 16s. O^d. and yearly tenths 19.?. 7\d. The glebe land belonging to the living is 61 a. 1 r. and the parishioners pay to the rector £100. in lieu of tithe. The Dean of Lincoln is the patron. The Rev. Thomas Still Basnett is the present rector. Arms and Inscriptions in the Church. in -the church of Bonsall, Mrs. Shore has lately every individual of the domestic circle in which she erected a monument of white marble to her father and passed herShort life, that her sorrowing parents would mother, grandfather and grandmother, and others of nope they may be indulged in recording her death the Evans's family. and their deeply felt loss. May their grief on_ this In memory of Edmund Evans, gent, of Upper occasion have been sufficiently mingled with resigna- Bonsall, and of Rebecca, his wife ; he died 25th Dec. tion to God, without whose permission " not a spar- 1746, aged 56 years. She died 10th June, 1767. aged row falleth to the ground." 7*1 yca^s, and were interred near this place. Also of On a wall, in the body of the church, is a beautiful Mary Evans, their daughter, who died at Cromford white marble monument, highly embellished, and or- bridge 29th November, 1794, aged 74. And of George, namented with cherubim and ferne branches, on which their son. also of Cromford bridge, who died 26th are the following inscriptions: In memory of Henry March. 1808, aged 82. And of Anne, his wife, who Ferne,esq.ofSnitterton,inthiscounty,ReceiverGene- died 7th February, 1815, aged 82. Also of George, rai of theCustomsin the reign of King William, Queen their son. who died an infant, and was interred 3rd Ann, and George the First. He died July 12th, 1703. April, 1769. And of Henry Evans, son of Thomas . And of his wile, Elizabeth Ferne, youngest daughter and Barbara Evans, of Derby, who died 27th October, and co-heiress of Nicholas Dayrel, esq. of Kings Clear, 1772. In the same place aredeposited the remains of in the county of Southampton. She died, May 7th. Ann Shore, eldest daughter of William and Mary 1723: their issue was one son, Robert, and three Shore, of Tapton grove, and granddaughter of the daughters, Elizabeth, Isabella and Frances. His above Georpe and Ann Evans: she died 2nd February, eldest daughter, Elizabeth, was married to Edmund 1799, aged 3 years and 24 days.- This promising and Turnor, esq. of Stoke Rochford, in the county of lamented child had so greatly endeared herself to Lincoln, who died, December 4th, 1763; in confer- OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 129 mity to whose last will and testament, her daughter On the north wall of the chancel is a brass plate, and executrix, Diana Langton, widow of B. Langton, with this inscription: In memoriam Henrici Hop- esq. of Langton, in the county of Lincoln, has caused kinson, generosi quondam Hospitii Lincolniensis in this monument to be erected. respiriti qui ex uxore sua Dorothea {filia Antlionii ARMS. Painted at bottom : Feme and Dayrcl, Allsopp, de Allsopp in le Dale, armigcrii tres Alios quarterly, 1 and 4. Per bend, indented, suscepit, Anthonium, Gulielmus, et Johannem, et Argent and Gules, two lions' heads, erased, obiit quarto die Decembris anno Domini, 1654. counterchanged, crowned, Or, (Feme) 2 and A Barrester, a Bachelor of Arte, 3, Azure, a lion rampant. Or, crowned, At- A practiser that chose the better parte; gent. (Dayrell) He pleaded more for just defence than gain, CREST. A garb, Or, banded, Gules, on a mount That for the poore and common good took pain, of Ferne, Proper. That councelled peace, for hee did plainely see In the chancel are two monuments to the family of Too much decrease by suites that trivial bee ; Lomas and Hobson, successively masters of the free- That knewe the lawe, yet soe lov'd neighborhoode school there, with the following inscriptions: Noe man did know him sue, or to be sued ; Near this place lie the remains of Samuel Lomas, He's burried here, his soule in heaven doth rest, and Hannah, his wife. Without all feare, for peacemakers are blest. He /died\HthMarcn' -f 1777 \ aired -f 51 \ vears Amici Arnal*tes debentes et dolentes amores hoc She\dietl /18th August, \ l'"- /aSca\.50 pe!"s- monumentum possuerunt. To the memory of Robert Hobson, XL1V years On the right hand of the middle aisle is a mural master of the free-school in this place. This tribute monument. In memory of Elizabeth, wife of Adam of respect to the best of fathers, is dedicated by his Simpson, who died 12th January, 1782, aged 55 years. affectionate widow and eight children. He died on Also of the above Adam Simpson, who died 14th Oc- the III. of April, MDCCCXXI, aged LX1X years. tober, 1782, aged 65 years. " Blessed are the dead who die in the Lord." Another, inscribed Robert Greensmith, gentleman, Another, of white marble : To the memory of died March Sth, 1753, aged 59. James Hadley Cox, M. A. 14 years rector of thisparish, Two others, to the family of Twigge and Wodiwiss. of excellent and well cultivated abilities, of a signal Parish Registers — The early church registers have urbanity, with its attendant endowment of the heart by some means or other disappeared. The present of a rare felicity, in the love and respect of friends, register does not begin earlier, nor quite 60 early aa acquaintances and dependants* His sisters erected 1740. this mournful monument of sisterly affection and es teem. Obt February 28lh, 1795, aged 39. Charities. FREE SCHOOL.— William Cragge, and Elizabeth, his wife, by Deed of 20th December, 1704, gave a house and lands in Bonsall, to two trustees, for the purpose of bringing up and instructing such poor children as they in their discretion should think most fit and convenient. TURNOR'S CHARITY.— Elizabeth Tumor, wife of Edmund Tumor, esq. in 1737, gave lands to trustees, of the yearly value of £40. for the support and mainte nance of a charity-school, formerly erected at Bonsall, by her grandfather, Robert Ferne. The trust property consists of messuages and lands in Bonsall, Matlock and Tans- ley; comprising three houses, a corn-mill, 58a. 3r.26p. of land, which now lets for £98. 19s. 6d. The school premises, with a house and garden, is now occupied by the school-master, who receives £7. 13*. 6d. from Cragge's charity, and a salary of £40. a year. In respect of these emoluments, the school-master instructs 50 poor boys and girls in writing, reading, arithmetic and the church catechism, whom he admits as vacancies occur : 45 of the parish of Bonsall, and 5 of the township of Wens ley and Snitterton. The children are furnished with bibles, testaments and spelling- books out of the rents ; and such hoys as are educated in this school (who are desirous) are apprenticed out, with a premium of £5. There is a surplus vested in the trus tees of upwards of £500. Annuities I 2 18 0 1 Poor | I Gisborne, Rev. Francis... | 5 10 0 | Poor | In clothing | Will .1817, Deed 1818. At Bonsall Upper Town resides John Harding, gent, who has made a large for tune in trade; he is descended from Mr. John Harding, hving here in 1620. This family are famed for longevity : Mr. Harding is above 70 ; Robert Harding, his fa ther, and grand-father, both lived, to an advanced age ; the latter being the son of another Robert Harding, living 1698. The Baptist connexion have a neat chapel here. BORROWASH, a village 5 m. E. of Derby, stands on the turnpike-road from Bnrghwash, Derby to Nottingham ; it is chiefly in the parish of Ockbrook, and partly in the parish of Spondon. The Messrs. Towle have built a cotton-mill on the Derwent, and they employ many of the inhabitants. The Wesleyan Metho dists have built a handsome chapel here on a plot of land given to them by the PART II. i 130 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER Messrs. Towle. There is also an ancient water corn-mill on the Derwent at this place, which formerly belonged to Dale Abbey. The principal land owners are the Executors of the late John Rose Swindell, esq. and the Messrs. Towle. BOULTON, a small village, township and parochial chapelry, 3 m. S. of Derby, Bolton, situate on the right of the London road, from Derby, in the hundred of Morleston and Litchurch, in the constablery of Alvaston and parish of St. Peter's, Derby. This township contained, in 1821, 32 houses, 34 families, and 168 inhabi tants, who are chiefly supported by agriculture. The township or manor of Boulton consists of 742 a. 3 r. 24 p. which includes 98 a. of newly enclosed land ; the land is principally meadow and pasture, of good quality, at an average rental of £2. per acre. At the time of the enclosure, land was given in lieu of tithes. The principal proprietors are Sir George Crewe, bart. who is lord of the manor, the Rev. Joseph Sykes, of Newark, Mr. George Wootton, Mr. Henry Meakin, and Mr. Luke Pym, of Chellaston, John Chatterton, of Derby, gent. Henry Holdsworth, esq. Mr. John Coxen, Mr. Thomas Hall, Mr. William Williams, and Mr. Joseph Radborne, of Boulton, Rev. Henry Peach, of Derby and Langley hall, the Derby Canal Company, &c. The land and buildings are valued with Alvaston. The parochial expenses (in cluding all except the highways, which is about one shilling in the pound upon the valuation) is £112. 9s. 3d. per annum. The parishioners send their paupers to Shardlow House of Industry. In Boletune, Levenot had one carucate of land to be taxed. Land to two plough. There is now one plough in the demesne, and two sokemen and three villanes have one plough. There are ten acres of meadow. Pasture, four quarentens long and three quarentens broad. Value in king Edward's time iOs. now 30s. D. B. 319. The family of Sacheverell possessed . the manor at an early period. In the reign of Elizabeth, the Agards acquired a moiety of the manor by purchase from Shelly. It is now the property of Sir George Crewe, bart. The church is a very ancient structure. The living is a curacy ; it has been aug mented by £400. subscribed and £400. Royal Bounty, and is now worth £130. per annum. In 1271, an agreement was made between Robert de Sacheverell, who claimed the patronage of Boulton as a parish church, and the Abbot of Darley; the former agreed to give up his claim for the consideration of 20 marks to be paid to him by the Abbot, and admitted Boulton to be a chapelry to St. Peter. It was further agreed that the Abbot should nominate and appoint a fit minister, who should have three ox-gangs of land, nine sellions, and 12s. rent, besides the small tithes. The inhabitants appoint their own minister, and the Rev. Henry Peach is the present in cumbent. Bowden Edge, or Chapel Bowden, a township in the parish of Chapel-en-le- Frith ; for particulars see that town. BOYLSTONE, a rural agricultural village, township, constablery and parish, B^'itum' s-tuate on the banks of a brook of the same name, that falls into the Dove, 7 m. S. E. of Uttoxeter, and 13 m. W. by N. of Derby (which is the post town) in the hundred of Appletree and deanery of Castillar. This township includes the village of Harehill, and contained, in 1821, 59 houses, 62 families, and 330 inhabitants : 52 families are chiefly employed in agriculture, and 10 in trades or handicraft connected therewith. The parish contains about 1400 acres of good land, upon a substratum of red marl, sand and gravel; about one third is arable, the other two thirds meadow and pas ture. The estimated annual value of the buildings and land is £2048. Is. 8d. Land has been given to the rector in lieu of tithes. The farms are of a middling size, and the average rental is about £2. per acre. The average of seven years parochial ex penses, including all payments except highways, is about £195. per annum. There is no house of industry, consequently the parishioners join Tutbury, in Staffordshire. The principal proprietors are John Broadhurst, and Henry Tatham, esqrs. who are joint lords of the manor ; Mr. Robert Stone, ofthe Forest, co. Stafford, Rev. Thomas Gell, rector, Mr. John, Mr. George, and Mr. John Moorcroft, and Mr. Fearn. The OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 131 land is drained and watered by Boylstone brook. There are two chapels, one the Wesleyan, and the other the Primitive Methodists, one men's club, consisting of 50 members, one endowed free-school, and one inn in the township. In Boilestune, Godric and Levenot had two carucates of land to be taxed. Land to two ploughs in the demesne, and eight villanes and eight bordars having three ploughs and one mill 12d. and six acres of meadow. Wood-pasture one mile long and half a mile broad. Value in king Edward's time iOs. now 30s. Roger holds it. D. B. 30T. The manor of Boylstone has been held by many good families. At the Doomsday Survey it was part of the extensive possessions of Henry de Ferrars. Oliver de Ayn- court and Matilda his wife held a fourth part under a military tenure for 10s. rent. In 15 Edward I. Stephen de Grendon held one half of the manor under the Duchy of Lancaster, after Ferrars forfeited his lands, and left it to his daughter Joan. Roger de Ridware, who had married the other co-heiress of Reginald, held the other half. In 36 Edward III. Margaret Zouch died, and left Roger, the son of Roger de Saperton, her heir, half of the manor, and the advowson of the church, and Walter de Ridware held the other half. Ridware conveyed his part to John de Bassinges, whose heiress married Waldeshelf ; one of the co-heiresses ofthe latter brought this estate again to the family of Ridware ; the heiress of Ridware brought it to the Cot tons. The latter family were in possession of the estate for several generations. In 21 Henry VII. Thomas Cotton, son and heir of Richard Cotton, esq. died and left Elizabeth, his daughter and heir, his half of the lordship. In 1609 Sir Humphrey Ferrars died seised of this portion of the manor. In 1664 the latter sold it to the Challoners : from the Challoners it passed by marriage to the Rev. Thomas Gilbert, who, in 1743, sold it to John Gilbert Cooper, esq. Mr. Gilbert repurchased it in 1746 ; and, in 1751, resold it to Henry Tatham, esq. who devised it to the Rev. Thomas Manlove, on the death of whose widow it again returned into the family of Tatham, and Henry Tatham, esq. is the present proprietor. The other part of the manor passed from the Sapertons to the Agards. In 7 Eliz. Clement Agard, esq. died, and left his half of the manor to his son William, and it continued in that family until the reign of Charles II. when the male branch became extinct. It was purchased by John Gisborne, of Derby, esq. and his son John owned it in 1712. The family of Bates afterwards possessed this portion of the manor. Brownlow Bate, esq. sold this estate in 1764 to Mr. Broadhurst; and John Broad hurst, of Foston haU, esq. is the present proprietor. In 26 Henry VIII. WilUam, Lord Mountjoy died and left Ms son Charles, Lord Mountjoy, an estate here. The parish church is an ancient and humble structure with a tower, dedicated to St. John the Baptist. The living is a rectory, valued in the king's books at £49. and yearly tenths 12s. One hundred and five acres of land were given at the time of the enclosure in lieu of tithes/now let for about 30s. per acre. The Rev. Thomas Gell is the patron and rector. Monumental Inscriptions. In the nave of the chapel, on a flag---In memory of Chawner, of Harehill, in this county, one child, Eliza- William Challoner, son of William, died 9th Septem- beth ; lie died on the 7th of July, 1785, aged 64. ber, 1675, aged 45. Rev. Carter Fletcher, B. A. patron and rector of John Challoner, died 8th June, 1701, aged 31. this church, died 11th July, 1808. aged 76. Dorothy Thomas Chawner, late of Lees hall, son of John, Fletcher, died 4th December, 1796, aged 56; and Syd- son of Thomas, son of John; he died 50th March, ney Wheetman, widow, died 21st December, 1805, 1775, aged 73. Elizabeth, his Wife, died 3rd August, aged 57: also ofthe grand children of his sister, 1778, aged 72. They left issue eight sons and five Frances, wife of the Rev. Thomas Gell, M. A. reclor daughters, John, Henry, Ann, Sarah, Thomas, Eliza- of Edlaston, in this county, John Gell, died 12th beth, Anthony, William, Dorothy, Mary, George, April, 1813, aged 1 year, and Elizabeth Gell died 8th Rupert, and Charles; these are all dead except Ru- February, 1814. pert, who is asurgeon at Burton upon Trent, and has Thomas Allsopp, Teetor of Boylstone 40 years, died a numerous family. in 1715, aged 75. Grace, his wife, died in 1714, aged Herbert Croft, esq. late of the Six Clerks' Office, 76. London, by his first wife, Elizabeth Young, of Mid- Christopher Allsopp died 11th February, 1673. hurst, Sussex, he left issue four children, Herbert, Christopher Allsopp died 14th July, 1691. Grace, Mary, and Richard ; by his second wife, Mary 132 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER Charities. LandsLandsLands £9. £6. Funds. 0 16 0 0 16 0 0 12 0 Interest Interest 6 doz. of bread 5 10 0 0 8 0 Poor in bread... Poor in bread... Poor in bread... Poor and church Poor Poor Poor in clothing Poor in bread... Died In June 1682, Died in 1715. Died in 1675. Will 6th December, 1705. Died in 1705. Will 1818. Will 22nd February, 1686. Bayley's charities are se. Allsopp Thomas, rector of Hatherne ... Allsopp Thomas, rector of Boylstone... Bayley Challoner William Challoner Robert Challoner John Gisborne, Rev. Francis Harpur John Allsopps' charities are secured on land, now the property of Clough, esq. cured on land, now the property of John Broadhurst, esq. Nothing is now known of the Challoners' gifts. Boythorpe Manor, in Hasland, is the property of W. B. Thomas, esq. BRACKENFIELD, a village, chapelry and township in the parish of Morton and Brakenthwayte, hundred of Scarsdale, 3^ miles W. of Morton ; contained in 1821, 68 houses, 68 families, and 352 inhabitants. Of the 68 families, 50 are chief ly employed in agriculture, and 18 in trade or handicraft. The estimated annual value of all the buildings and land is £2651. 12s. In the reign of king John the manor belonged to the family of Heriz. In 1369 Sir Richard Willoughby held it under the Deincourts. It shortly- after this beeame the property of the Revels, who resided at Ogston hall for many generations. The sisters and coheiresses of William Revel, esq. who died in 1706, married Richard Turbutt, esq. of Doncaster, and Sir Paul Jenkinson, of Walton, near Chesterfield, bart. The whole of this township and manor is now the property of William Turbutt, esq. The ancient chapel, situate about three quarters of a mile from the village, is dedi cated to the Holy Trinity. It was formerly served only once a month by the rector of Morton, but having been augmented by the Royal Bounty, it is become a distinct benefice, and has regular service weekly. It is not parochial, not having the right of sepulture or baptism ; the minister is appointed by the rector of Morton. BRADBOURN, a small village, constablery, township and parish, in the wapen- Bradebume, take of Wirksworth and deanery of Ashbourn, 6 m. N. E. of the Budbmue, iatter^ and 5 m. W. of Wirksworth, is pleasantly seated on the N. bank of a small trout stream, and surrounded by limestone hills. The parish includes four chapelries and one township, of which the following table forms the enumeration, with the number of inhabitants in 1801, 1811 and 1821, with the acreage and estimated annual value of each. BRADBOURN PARISH. Aldwark township Atlow chapelry Ballidon chapelry Bradbourn vicarage Brassington chapelry TisBington chapelry and Lea Hall ham let ... POPULATION. 1801. Persons. ~ 68~ 137 80 157560 455 1811. Persons. 74 159 190650 15 54 17 39 148 74 327 1821. Families. Persons. 15 34 19 38 149 77 92 197102210 689 1807 Acreage, Estimated Annual Rental 1300 1894 15504017 724 14 0 1589 1 0 2382 10 tN MH H KS3 George-Blythe. OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 141 The respectable family of Cox, in this county, claims descent from a family of the same name, residing, during the 17th century, at Itchington, in the county of War wick, and at Lea Grange, in the county of Leicester. William Cox, of the latter place, entered and certified his pedigree at the Herald's Visitation in 1683, and al- ledged his arms to be three Moorcocks. His ancestor was Thomas Cox, of Nether Itchington, clerk of the crown, in the reign of Elizabeth, whose eldest son, John, was slain in the service of the Venetian Republic, and his youngest, James, fell a victim to his loyalty during the wars between Charles I. and the parliament. In looking over the more modern portion of the lineage, we find William Cox, tutor to the family of the Earl Ferrers, resident at the parsonage of Brailsford ; and the late William Cox, celebrated for his agricultural pursuits and improvements, was grand son to that gentleman. The sons of this eminent agriculturist are now living in the town of Derby, and its neighbourhood, and are proprietors of great works of manu facture, besides being in possession of the manors of Grindlow and Culland, and con siderable estates at Shirley Park, Brailsford, Spondon, Derby, and elsewhere. The residence of E. S. Cox, esq. of Brailsford, is delightfully situate on an elevated site, overlooking a valley of great extent and beauty. Bramley, in Eckington parish. BRAMPTON is a pleasant rural village, 3 m. W. of Chesterfield ; a township, Brantune, constablery and extensive parish, in the hundred of Scarsdale and deanery of Derby. The parish extends 5 m. by 3^m. and comprises the township of Cutthorpe, the villages of Ashgate, Hall-clifF, Holy-moor-side, Brampton Moor, New Brampton and Wadshelf or Watchell, and the places of Wigley, Chander-hUl, Lead-hill, Upper and Nether Loads, Somersall, Birley Grange, Broomfield, Hilltop, Frithnall, Pratt- hall, &c. and contained, in 1821, 393 houses, 434 families and 2317 inhabitants : but it appears this return only includes a part of the parish, for the number is now much greater; in 1801, there were 2047, and in 1811, 2260 persons; the great increase which has taken place within the last few years, is attributable to the, extension of manufactories now carried on in the parish. — These consist of earthenware, iron- foundries, cotton-wick, tape, cotton-twist, &c. making of bricks and the working of collieries. About 70 families are employed in agriculture. The extent of the township is 7920 acres of ironstone and coal land, of various soils, viz. old enclosures, 4571 a. 2 r. Commons, enclosed in 1815, 3348 a. 2 r. ; the land is chiefly freehold, and is divided among about 50 proprietors, most of whom are named in the Directory part of this work. The largest proprietors are his Grace the Duke of Devonshire, William Melland, esq. John Gorrall Barnes, esq. John Dixon, esq. Miss Johnson, of Chesterfield, Messrs. Hewitt, Longson and Co. Messrs. Wright and Sons, Mr. John Wright, Mr. John Elliott, Thomas and James Shem- well, gents, the family of Wilcockson, viz. John, Alwood, Samuel, Edward, and William and Joseph, of Leadhill and Broomfield ; the Watkinsons, &c. &c. The great tithes are leased to the Duke of Devonshire, who re-lets them to John Gorrall Barnes, esq. and Mr. Watkinson, and they charge the land-owners and occupiers about 2s. 2d. per acre. The small tithes are collected by Rev. Mr. Peach. The farms are small, the rental being from £1. to £3. but the average is about 28s. per acre. The poor-rate, county-rate and constables' accounts, average about £702. per annum ; the church-rate about £65. and the highways are divided into three districts. The occupiers of land are required to do six days statute-duty for every £50. they rent, or to pay 1*. in the pound above that sum. The paupers are sent to Ashover work house, and the pauper children are apprenticed to trades. The township is well supplied with numerous springs, and Linacre brook runs through a part of it. Linacre wood is about 120 acres. There is one friendly society at Holy-moor-side ; a Wesleyan, a Primitive Metho dist and a Calvinist chapel. One Sunday-school at Pratthall, established by Mr. James Crowshaw ; one at New Brampton and one at Brampton ; these are supported by voluntary contributions ; an endowed parochial school, and 15 public-houses in this parish. 142 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER This village was the birth-place of the celebrated Dr. Linacre. In Brantune and Wadecel, Wade had three ox-gangs and a half of land and four acres to be taxed. Land to hai f a plough. Walter has now in the demesne there, one plough and one villane : and three bordars having half a plough, and two acres and one perch of meadow. Wood-pasture, one mile and a half long and one quarentenand a half broad; value in king Edward's tim.e and now 5s. id. Of that land, Walter vouches the king for his protector , and Henry de Ferrariis as the person who delivers seisin to him,. In Brantune and Wadescel, Branwine had seven ox-gangs and four acres of land to he taxed. Land to one plough. There is now in the demesne, one plough and three villanes, and one bordar have one plough. There are five acres of meadow. Wood-pasture, one mile and a half long and three quarentens broad; value in king Edward's time and vow 10s. Ascuit holds it. This manor belonged then to Ascuii Musard. D. B. 315. Two manors, after the Conquest, belonged to Ascuit Musard, and one to Walter- Deincourt. At an early period, the two former became united, and were given by Henry II. to Peter de Brampton. Thomas, the son of Ralph de Brampton, took the surname of Le Caus about the year 1216. This family were lords of the manor of Caus or Caushall manor, until the extinction of the .male line, in the reign of Henry VI. or Edward IV. ; two of the co-heiresses married Ash and Baguley. Four-fifths of the manor was purchased by the Earl of Shrewsbury, in the reign of Elizabeth, and one-fifth then belonged to Ash. The family of Talbot sold it to the Earl of Newcastle. This estate was valued, in 1641, at £142. 4*. 8d. Having passed by heiresses into the families of Holies, Harley and Bentinck, it was included in an ex change made between the late Duke of Portland and the late Duke of Devonshire, and now belongs to the present Duke of Devonshire. The manor, which belonged to the Deincourts, passed with Sutton to the Leaks, and was conveyed with it to the Clarkes ; the Clarkes of Chilcote had a seat at Somer- sall or Summersall for many generations ; another family, of the same name, resided at Ashgate, in this chapelry. Summersall is now a farm house, belonging to Miss Johnson, of Chesterfield, who purchased it from the Marchioness of Ormond, in 1826. Ashgate is the property of John Gorral Barnes, esq. Wigley was the original residence of the ancient family of Wigley, of Wigwell. Linacre, formerly esteemed a subordinate manor, was the property and residence of the ancient family of Linacre. Robert Linacre, who died in 1512, was seised of Linacre hall and a manor in Bramp ton, held under the Earl of Shrewsbury. Birley-grange belonged formerly to the monastery of Louth. The Abbot and Convent of Rufford, Nottinghamshire, had lands in Brampton, which were granted by Henry VIII. to the Earl of Shrewsbury. Wadshelf, Wadescel or Watchell, which took its name from Wade, the Saxon owner, in the reign of Edward the Confessor, was given by the Musards to Beauchief abbey. These are all now parcel of the manor of Brampton. An ancient mansion and estate in Brampton belonged to the family of Bullock. James Bullock was churchwarden of Brampton in 1658 ; the Jacksons inherited from the Bullocks and were succeeded by the Beresfords ; this estate, after passing into the possession of several persons, was purchased by Mr. Dixon, of Whittington, about 1808; and the hall and estate, consisting of about 118 acres, is now the property of John Dixon, esq. The ancient spire-church is supposed, by an inscription on one of the walls, to have existed as early as 1155. It seems to have been re-built and consecrated in the year 1253, by Brenden, Bishop of Ardfert, suffragan de Weser ; Bishop of Lichfield and Coventry ; but still continued dependent on the-rectory of Chesterfield, which belongs to the Dean of Lincoln, the vicarage not being endowed until 1268. The Dean and the parishioners claimed a right of presentation or nomination to this chapel, which right was tried at the Derby assizes, in 1758, and the verdict was given in favour of the Dean, and a decree issued thereupon in the Chancery of the Exchequer. The church is dedicated to St. Peter and St. Paul, whose effigies are sculptured in rough gritstone. King Henry the Second gave it, with all its appur tenances, to the Cathedral of Lincoln. The tithes, amounting to about £150. per OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 143 annum, are appropriated to the Dean of Lincoln, who appoints the perpetual curate. The living has been augmented by £100. given in 1723, by Godfrey Watkinson, esq. and £100. given by Dr. Godolphin, Dean of St. Paul's, and £200. Queen Ann s bounty. _ There are 10 acres of glebe land, besides the small tithes, making the value of the Hving about £120. per annum, besides surplice fees, which in this extensive parish are considerable. The Rev. William Peach is the present incumbent. There was formerly a chantry in this chapel, founded by Hugh Ingram, who probably married one of the co-heiresses of Caus. Arms and Inscriptions in the Church. There is a mutilated alabasteT slab, for Philip probably a son of Ash, who married a co-heiress of Caus, who died in 1517. Bassan6's church-notes, taken about 1710, describes an ancient tomb of Hiskanda Pomina de Brampton (without date) and some memorials for the family of Jackson, who inherited from the Bullocks, and were succeeded by the Beresfords in the possession of an ancient mansion, now the residence of Mr. Dixon, viz. Cornelius Jackson died in 1675; John Jackson, in 1681. Cornelius Jackson married the heiress of James Bullock j the heiress of Jackson married H enry Beres ford, esq. who was buried at Brampton before 1710, but there was no memorial for him. To the pious memory of those who are laid near to this spot. — Nicholas Clarke, of Somersall, in the parish of Brampton, died in March, 1589. 1. Of Godfrey Clarke, gent. 80 years of age, one of the sons of Nicholas Clarke, formerly of Somersall, in this parish, gent. ; and of his wife, Margaret, daugh ter of Oliver Dand, of Mansfield, gent, which afore said Godfrey, was buried on the 21st of March, 1634. 2. Of Jane, his wife, daughter of Michael Grundy, of Thurgarton, in the county of Nottingham, gent.: who was buried on the 10th of April, 1601. 3. Of Gilbert Clarke, esq. GO years of age, who was In the nave of the church is a very curious sepulchral monument, appa rently of the 13th century, which was discovered more than a century ago, on digging a grave, and is now placed upright against the wall of the nave. Within a quatrefoil, at the upper end of the stone, is the upper part of a female figure, holding a heart in her hands, sculptured in has relief; at the other emi, her feet and the lower pait of her drapery appear as through an oblong opening. On one side of the quatrefoil is a cross-rloree. On the flat side of the stone, the inscription appears to be cut in Lombardic capitals, as represented in the plate. Though the inscription is perfect, antiquarians have disagreed as to the person for whom it was designed. Lysons says, it is probable that it was for a person of no less consequence than Matilda, the heiress ofthe barony of Caus, who died in the eighth year of Henry 111. Adam Wolley, esq. has put a quere to the accuracy of this suggestion : and observes, there was another family of the name of Caus, who were lords of the manor, or rather, of one of the manors of Brampton; it is therefore much moie probable that this lady was the wife or daughter of one of that family, than that she was allied to the Baronial family of Le Caus, of Nottingham. The inscription placed over the stone, 26th October, 1S01, says, it perpetu ates the memory of Matilda Le Caus, one of the family of Sir Thomas Le Caus, who, it appears by ancient records, was son of Ralph rie Brampton, lord of the manor of Caushall, in this township, about the year 1216, in whose family it remained for more than 200 years. Thomas, the son of Ralph de Brampton, took the surname of Le Caus, some time about the year 1216. This family were lords of the manor of Caus, or Caushall manor, in the township of Brampton, and were resident in Brampton until the extinction of the family in the reign of Henry VI. or Edward IV. Of the family mansion of Le Caus, there is now no remains excepting a ruined bam; the site of the building may be traced. We are therefore more inclined to Mr. Wolley's opinion than Lysons, that the lady was wife to one of the proprietors of the manor: although Dr. Thoroton says, the custody of the forests of Derby and Nottingham belonged to the Baronial family of Caus, as appears in the Forest Book, by Matilda de Caus owing a fine. 4 Henry III. for seisin of the customary of the forests of Der byshire and Nottinghamshire, which belonged to her by right of inheritance; this Matilda was the daughter of Robert de Caus, by his wife, a daughter of Robert Basset, and might be the same Matilda recorded on the monument. From the form of the letters, the head-dress, and other external marks of the stone, the date may be ascribed to the reigu of Edward I. or Edward II. ; hence it will appear, the stone is upwards of 500 years old. (The arms of Caus were per chevron, Or and Gules, three human hearts, counterchanged.) the only son of the aforesaid Godfrey, and who was deposited in this sepulchre on the 24th of April, 1650. 4. Of Helen, his first wife, daughter and heiress of John Clarke, of Codnor, in this county of Derby, gent, who was buried on the 20th of March, 1643. 5. Of Grace, his second wife, one of the daughters of Peter Columbell, of Darley, in this county, esq. who was buried on the 21st of May, 1656. 6. Of Godfrey Clarke, esq. who, after the death of his younger brother John, at Oxford, was the only son of the aforesaid Gilbert, and was committed to this tomb in the 52nd year of his age, on the 2nd of November, 1670. 7. Of Elizabeth, the daughter of Thomas Milward, of Eaton Dovedale, in this county of Derby, soldier ; who was the first wife of the said Godfrey, and mother of Gilbert Clarke, knt. and was buried 7th November, 1645. 8. Of Nicholas Clarke, the infant son, three years old, of the same Godfrey, and of his second wife, Elizabeth, one of the three surviving daughters and co-heiresses of Nicholas Frevile, of Hardwick, in the province of Durham, esq. and widow of Robert Byer- ley, of Hornby, in the county of York ; which Nicho las Clarke, aforesaid, was here entombed on the 10th of May, 1661. 9. Of Jane, the only daughter and heiress of the same Robert Byerley and Elizabeth Frevile, who was 144 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER the first wife of the above-mentioned Gilbert C,Iarke, soldier, to whom when she had brought forth her only daughter, Elizabeth, still living, she was deposited in this tomb in fhe 17th year of her age, on the 18th of May, 1(?67. The aforesaid Gilbert Clarke, now of Somersall, the only son and heir of the above-named Godfrey, knt. and husband of Barbara, daughter of George Clarke, of Watford, in the county of Nor thampton, lamentine, hath caused this monument to be erected. A.D. 1673. Far. vitse humange fulcrum, non nascitur agris, Intereat semen ni cereale prius : Vivitur ex letho ; viventia cuncta vicissim Orbe in terrestri corripit Orcus atrox. Nulla, nisi in Coelo, sincera est vita, benigno: Qui vivit moritur ; qui moriturque ' Of which we venture to offer the following transla tion : Bread, (staff of life) would not in fields arise, But first the seed-corn in the furrow dies : We live but out of death :— all that have birth, Are by the dark grave snatch'd from off the earth. None, but in Heav'n, can constant life obtain ; — We live to die, and. die to live again. Mural monument, on the south side of the chancel: Beneath this stone, after a life placid and desirable to those who depended upon him rather than to him self, reposes Godfrey Clarke, of Chillcote, in this county, esq. the honour and delight not more of this district than of his country; for, in the public parlia ments of the kingdom, to which he was more than once elected, by the unanimous approbation and vote of all men, he regarded that alone, and manfully con tended that in every matter, those things which be- longed to them, should be rendered to the king, to the church and to the state. That in private life, he was a man particularly worthy and amiable, was tes tified by his having in marriage the most accomplished Lady Catherine Stanhope, the eldest daughter of the Right Honourable the Earl of Chesterfield, a woman that exceeded all praise, with whom he lived in the indissoluble bond of mutual nffection, which could not be separated even in death. In his friendships he was constant and faithful : in promoting the advan tages of those belonging to him, he was particularly resolute and unwearied ; this the public voice testified, as well as the gratitude of those, whose bereavement, in not one dwelling alone, he alleviated. His posses sions he preserved and enlarged by his personal care, as he must ever acknowledge, who has caused to he erected this marble tablet, a small testimonial of his grateful mind, to his most estimable and most beloved uncle and second parent, — his heir and fraternal nephew, Godfrey Clarke, esq. Godfrey Clarke, esq. died, March 25, 1734, Hon. Lady Catherine Clarke, died, December 25, 1728. Parish Registers — The date of the first is 1658; James Bullock and Godfrey Watkinson, gents, church wardens. Charities. There is in the parish of Brampton, a dwelling-house and a school-room adjoining the churchyard, which have been, as long as can be remembered, appropriated to the use of a school-master. An allotment, of half an acre, was awarded by the commis sioners upon the Brampton enclosure, in respect of the school-premises. The follow ing benefactions have been given for the maintenance of this school. Akrode John Allotment Calton Peter Clarke, Sir Gilbert... Glossop Henry Heath Dorothy Sutton Robert Watkinson John Rent charge Land, 2r.... Rent charge Rent charge £40 Rent charge Rent charge 1 10 1 0 0 10 2 6 1 0 3 poor children reading Schoolmaster 1 poor child reading f 2 poor children reading "> .and accounts. j 2 poor children reading 3 ditto 2 ditto 4 ditto Will 10th May, 1705. Will 12th January, 1679. Will 14th August, 1701. Will 3rd March, 1748. Will 4th October, 1793. In respect of the several benefactions above-mentioned, the master is bound to instruct 16 children free. Akrode John Andrew William Bel fit James Boote Anthony Clarke, Sir Gilbert- Donor Foljambe Godfrey ... Gisborne, Rev. F. ... Glossop Henry Hartley Henry Milward George Shaw James Shaw James Stevenson Ann Tomlinson Elizabeth Wilks George Hibbert Joshua Kindar Richard Memott John Newbold Nathaniel Tomlinson Samuel... Wilcockson George Rent charge £20. Rent charge Rent charge ( £200. 3 IP \ \ cent. cons, j" £40.Lands Funds Rent charge dittoditto £10.)£40. f Rent charge £5. £600. £15.£15-1 £10.£10.£20. £5. £30. J 16 0 n 0 18 n 0 5 ii 1 0 0 6 3 0 S3 19 s 5 10 0 0 10 (1 0 2 fi 1 0 0 Included in Akrode's rent charge. 23 12 fi 0 5 n 24 0 (i Interest 6 13 e Schoolm. poor and minister Poor in bread Poor Poor {Minister, schoolmaster \ and poor j Poor Clothing Poor Parish clerk Poor _ Puttingoutappr.andpoor Poor of Watshelf Poor Minister and Poor Minister and poor Minister and poor Poor Minister Poor Poor Will 10th May, 1705. Will, 1727. Will 22nd May, 1712* Will 14th August, 1701. Will 24th February, 1594. Will 1818. Will 3rd March, 1748. Will 3rd March, 1748. Will 5th April, 1592. Will 5th May, 1630. Wil), 1743. This charity is lost. Will 7th August, 1721. Will 16th November, 1727. Will 9th June, 1729* Will 22nd December, 1729. Will 29th January, 1718. A house, garden, out-buildings and 6 a. 2 r. of land, now let for £6. 13s. 6d. per annum Sir G. Clarke's charity is divided as follows, viz. three-eighths to minister, three-eighths to school, and two- eighths to poor. Akrode s charity is laid out in land at Clay Lane. Foljambe's charity is derived from lands at Attenborough, co. Notts, and Ashover, co. Derby. Boole's, from lands at Prathall. Mr. Robert More, of Clare hall, Cambridge, was ejected from Brampton. He was born at Nottingham. His first preaching was at Belper, in this county, whew OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 145 he staid about a year and then removed to Brampton, and was ordained by the clas sics at Wirksworth. After his ejectment, he suffered many ways for his noncon formity. Particularly, he was once indicted for not reading the bock of Common Prayer, though it was not yet come down. In the time of Monmouth, he, with many peaceable ministers, and others, was sent prisoner to Chester castle. He was after wards one of the pastors of the congregation in Derby, where he died in June, 1704, the last of the ejected ministers in this county. (Calamy, Vol. I. page 395.) The first stone of the new church, dedicated to St. Thomas, was laid on the 2nd of February, 1 830, by His Grace the Duke of Devonshire. Notwithstanding the severity of the weather, the concourse of people from all parts was immense. An elegant pro cession, consisting of the children of the National and Sunday schools, the Benefit Clubs, the Freemasons, Corporate Body of Chesterfield, and the Gentry of the town and neighbourhood, with bands of music and colours, attended this ceremony. The Duke, on his arrival, proceeded to the Angel Inn, and breakfasted there with the Committee of management, and, after breakfast, was addressed at considerable length and eloquence by W. B. Thomas, esq. His Grace made a condescending reply, and proceeded to the ground at the head of a grand procession, which was superintend ed by Joshua Jebb, esq. After the stone was laid, Mr. George Muggleston adjusted it according to the Masonic order, and various coins were then deposited, together with a brass plate bearing the following inscription : Hujusce Fani In Sanctum Thomam Dedicati Quod multis praxrlaris et probis viris subsidia ferentibus Concilium Amplissimum Regime Majestatis Delegatorum JEdificari curavit : IUustrissimus Princeps Gulielmus Spencer Dux Devoniensis Marchio de Hartington Nobilissimi ordinis Periscelidis Eques Comitatus Derbiensis Prsefectus etc. etc. Fundamina Feliciter Posuit Quarto Non. Febr. A. D. MDCCCXXX. Et Regni Georgii Quarti Regis Undecimo. (Woodhead et Hurst Architectris.) After which ceremony the Duke of Devonshire expressed his high satisfaction of the great increase in the population and importance of Brampton, which had arisen chiefly from a laudable spirit of enterprise, and had rendered the erection of the New Church absolutely necessary. The Rev. WiUiam Peach, curate of Brampton, offered up a short and appropriate prayer, which was followed by a pathetic address to the multitude, by the Rev. Thomas Hill, vicar of Chesterfield. The church is intended to be a handsome pointed Gothic structure, with a low tower and projecting buttresses. Pedigree o/" WATKINSON, of Brampton, near Chesterfield. Godfrey Watkinson, of Brampton, gent, living, 1658 ; then church-warden of Brampton. = Godfrey Watkinson, of Brampton, gent.= Godfrey Watkinson, esq.=Mary, dau. of Jane, born about 1665 ; mar. the Rev. Susanna, mar. of Brampton, died aged ... sheriff in 1736. Joseph Ferne, M. A. rector of Matlock. Paul Webster, mar. sett, dated 26th She obt. 8th Aug. 1714, aged 49. He, June, 1665, obt. January, 1701. 7th April, 1717, aged 63, leaving issue. March, 1679. Godfrey Watkinson, esq. of= Elizabeth, dau. of Robert Paul Scho- Paul, obt. Newhouse, Brampton, eld. son and heir. Will 29th April, 1746; proved, 1st December, 1757. Died, 26th October, 1757, aged 54. PART II. ler, of Rowsley, gent. She re-married infant be- Captain Thomas Bourne, esq. of 76 fore his fa- foot. She obt. before Oct. 1776. He ther. obt. 12th January, 1813, aged 83. Mary, mar. at Brampton, 13th October, 1717, Nicholas Bright, of Chesterfield, gent. He obt. 10th May, 1732, set. 40 i and she obt. 8th Sept. 1766, aet. 68 : had issue. 146 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER Elizabeth, Mary.madeher JonathanBireh,=Anne, 3rd=Stephen Melland, Ruth, 4th Jane, young-* died be- will, 30th Dec. of Manchester, fore her 1762; proved by merchant, died father, S. her mother and before 1767- P. sole executrix, at Lichfield, 2nd May, 1764; she died S. P. dau- and co-heiress, died aged of Bakewell, and dau. and est dau. and afterwards of Yol- co-heiress, co-heiress, grave, surgeon & living un- mar.2ndlyto apothecary; died married, Mr. John 1820, aged... 1767, died Beaumont son of Wm. son of John Melland. =John Barker, esq. of Bake- well, J. P.forco. Derby. . dau. of=Robert Birch, = dau. of Anne, dau. of=Wm. Melland, = dau. i Mr. Birch, of Stockport, 1st wife. of Holmehall, near Bake- well, esq. liv ing 1830. Mr. Birch, of Stockport, 2nd wife. Wm. Etches, of Gratton , co. Derby, yeoman. of Brampton, co. Derby, gent, living, 1830. of William Holehouse, of Darley- dale, yeo man. Robert, in the army. Rev. Charles, B. cur. of Norbury. A daughter. Stephen Mel land, born... William. ,.L Anne, mar. Isaac Blore, of Yol grave.Mary, mar. Geo. Nuttall, of Mat lock, gent. Elizabeth, mar. Abel Holme, of Darley-dale. Ruth, died 1744, aged 3 months- John, of Bakewell,=Sarah, dau. of James gent. 1830. I Swettenham,Winster, gent. of J I I I I Ro" r1 ' ' U ! ' James. Marv. Elizabeth, Frances- Ann. Emma. Edward, of Sheffield. tobert Barker, of Bolton, anno 1812. Elizabeth, married Thomas Rawson, esq. Wards End, near Sheffield, obt. S. P. Sarah and Jane, both living, 1829. Mary, obt. before her father, unmarried. Thomas Barker, of=Sarah Gardom, Ashford, esq. eldest I of Bakewell. son, died 1816, ast. 50. I I I I I I John-Henrv-Thomas-Alfred.Francis.Charles.Emma-Jane, obt. Brand, or Brend, in Hartington parish. BRASSINGTON, a village, township, constablery and parochial chapelry, in the Brazinctune, parish of Bradbourn, deanery of Ashbourn, and wapentake of Wirksworth ; it is situate in a deep valley, surrounded by limestone hills, 5^ m. N. E. of Ashbourn, 4 m. N. W. of Wirksworth, and 16 m. N. N. W. from Derby. This village contained, in 1821, 148 houses, 149 families, and 689 inhabitants: now increased to about 750, who are chiefly employed in agriculture, mining, and the trades connected therewith, except a few females who figure lace. The extent of the township is 4017 acres of good dairy land, chiefly meadow and pasture, on a limestone sub-stratum, divided among 168 proprietors ; the land is principally freehold, but there is a small portion of copyhold. At the time of the enclosure, which took place in 1803, an allotment of 354 acres was given in lieu of tithes. Some land in this township is let for £5. an acre, and some for £1. : but as there is much occupied by the owners, it would be difficult to ascertain the average rental with accuracy ; it may, however, be stated at 35.?. an acre. The principal pro prietors are the Trustees of the late Rev. P. Storey, who own the tithe farm, 353 acres ; Philip Gell, esq. Grange Mill farm, &c. 300 acres ; Bache Thornhill, esq. 250 acres ; Robert Dale, esq. How Grange farm, 200 acres ; William Charlton and George Gregory, gents, lords of the manor, 200 acres ; Lord Scarsdale, 120 acres ; Rev. German Buckston, 70 acres ; Mr. Robert Spencer, 200 acres ; Mr. William Alsop, 150 acres; Mr. Benjamin Gregory, 160 acres; Mr. Joseph Watson, 150 acres; Robert Millington, gent. 100 acres; Mr. George Toplis, 60 acres; Mr. John Prestwidge, 40 acres ; Mr. William Hodgkinson, 40 acres ; Mr. James Trueman, 30 acres. The remainder is in numerous small freeholds. The estimated annual value of all the buildings and land is £4662. 10s. The average of seven years' poor-rate, &c. is £327. 14*. 8frf. per annum. The paupers are maintained in the House of Industry, which is subscribed to by several other townships. The pauper-children are sometimes apprenticed to trades. There are but few protestant dissenters in this village, and they have no regular place of wor ship. There is an endowed parochial day-school ; a Sunday-school, supported by the Rev. German Buckston and the inhabitants ; one friendly society, consisting of about 125 members, and four victuallers in the township. OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 147 There is a cave, called Harborough hall, situate about a mile from Brassington, on the road to Wirksworth, in the lands and near to the house belonging to Mr. B. Gregory, that will contain from two to three hundred people ; and above it is a remarkable stone chair. Near the road, leading from Brassington to Pike hall, is an ancient tumuli or bar row, called Mininglow, situate on a hill, now covered with a fine plantation. Mr. Pilkington, who in 1788 described this ancient monument, says, it is different to any he met with in the county. He found the higher part of the mound removed, and several of the vaults fully exposed to sight. The diameter was forty yards ; and he supposed the vaults, carried round the circumference, were about forty in number. The vault he measured was between six and seven feet long, three wide and six deep ; it consisted of only five stones, one on each side and end and the other for a-cover : some a foot and some eighteen inches thick. At the time of the enclosure, a quantity of human bones were found on the moor. The town is supplied with excellent water from a never-failing spring, formerly called Coole Well, now Green Well. The houses are chiefly limestone. In Brazinctune, Siward had four carucates of land to be taxed. Land to four ploughs. There are now in the demesne three ploughs, and sixteen villanes, and two bordars have six ploughs and 30 acres of meadow. Coppice-wood, three quarentens long and one broad. Value in king Edward's time £6. now £3. D. B. 300. There are two manors in Brassington ; one belonged to Henry de Ferrers after the Conquest, and was held by Siward ; after the fall of that noble family, it became a part ofthe lands belonging to the Duchy of Lancaster. Lysons says, it was given in frank marriage by one of the first Earls of Derby, to an ancestor of the Furnivals, from whom it passed, by female heirs, to the Nevilles and Talbots. In 19 Edward II. Stephen de Segrave died, and left an estate here to his son John. In 29 Edward III. Elizabeth de Montacute, widow of Thomas de Furnivall, who held it of the honour of Tutbury, died seised of it; and William, Earl of Salisbury, her son by a former hus band, was her heir. In 32 Henry VI. John Talbot, Earl of Shrewsbury, died seised of the manor, and left it to his son John, whose mother was eldest daughter and co-heir of Thomas Neville, who married Joan daughter and heir of William lord Furnivall. In 1628, on the death of Gilbert, Earl of Shrewsbury, it passed to his three daugh ters, married to William, Earl of Pembroke, Henry, Earl of Kent,* and Thomas, Earl of Arundel. The Earl of Kent, in 1639, conveyed one-third of tne manor; and in 1640, Philip, Earl of Pembroke, being possessed of his mother's and the Earl of Arundel's share, conveyed the other two-thirds to Mr. William Savile. In 1749, his great grandson, John Gilbert Cooper, esq. sold it to Henry Coape, esq. of Duffield, on die death of whose grandson, it devolved to his cousin, Henry Sherbrooke, esq. of Oxton, in Nottinghamshire; in 1804, Robert Lowe, esq. purchased the manor of William Sherbrooke, esq. and has sold the land in parcels. The King's or Duchy manor, was granted by Charles I. in 1630, to Charles Har- bord, esq. and others; who in 1632, conveyed it to Edward and George Pegge and George Lees. • T7ie Earl of Kent's Receipt, dated \0th May, 1659. Know all men, by these presents, that I, Henry, Earle of Kent, lord Hastings, Ruthin and Weisford have received and had of William Savile, gent, the sum of nyne hundred and fiftie pounds, of lawful] monie of England, in full consideration for the absolute purchase of the third part, in three equal parts to be divided, of the manors of Brassington, alias Brasson, in the county of Derby; and of all other the lands, tenements and hereditaments whatsoever, of me, the said Earle, and Lady Elizabeth, Countess of Kent, my wife, in Brassing ton, alias Brasson, aforesaid, and Hognastou or elsewhere, in the towneshippe, libertie, chappelries, territories or presincks of Brassington, alias Brasson, and Hognaston or parish of Bradbourn, in the said county of Derby, contained and specifyed in certaine indentures of bargaine and sale, made betwixt me, the said Earle, and the said Countesse, my wife, on the one parte, and the said William Savile ou the other parte, bearing even date, witnesse these presente, whereunto relation being had, more at large appeareth. Of which said sum of nyne hundred and fiftie pounds, and every parte thereof, I, the said Earle, doe, forme and my heires, executors and administrators, and every of us, exonerate, acquyte and discharge the saide William Savile, his heires, executors and administrators, and every of them, for ever, by these presents. In witness whereof, I, the saide Earle of Kent, have hereunto put my hand and seale, the tenth day of May, in the fifteenth yeer of the raigne of our gracious Soveraigne lord king Charles, of England, Scotland, France and Ireland, defender of the faith, 4c. A.B. 1639. Indorsed.— Henry Kent. Sealed and delivered in the presence of Richard Helme, F. Seldeu, Samuel Jackson, Clemence Saunders, Matthew Beressford, Henry Placket, John Rumbolt. 148 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER John Buxton, of Brassington, by Will, 22nd June, 1699, (proved in October fol lowing, by his nephew, legatee and executor, John Buxton, of Ashbourn) gave his moiety of the manor of Brassington and all his messuages and lands there, to such issue as his testator's wife should then be with child with, and its heirs ; and after death of such issue, to his said nephew, John Buxton, and the heirs male of his body ; and for want of such issue, to his nephew, William Newton. Some years after John Buxton's death, Richard Buxton, but we cannot state with accuracy in what degree he was related to John Buxton, the donor ; ^probably son of John Buxton, the above devisee, in tail male] this Richard, by his Will, in 1722 devised this estate to his cousin, William Newton, for life ; with remainder to his son, William Newton, in tail ; and remainder to his younger son, Thomas Newton, in fee. William Newton, the father, died in 1725 ; and Thomas Newton, his young er son, died a minor in 1729. William Newton, the son, had three daughters, and after levying a fine in hilary term, 12 George II. he, by his Will, which was proved at Lichfield, in 1748, devised his moiety of this manor, and all his messuages and lands there, to his two youngest daughters, Elizabeth and Frances, in fee, as tenants in common ; having, in a preceding part of his Will, given other lands to his eldest daughter, Mary ; of these daughters, Mary, married Richard Hayne, esq. Frances, married William Locker, esq. now of Tillington, Staffordshire, and Elizabeth, died about 1780, unmarried, intestate, in consequence of which her share descended to her two sisters, as her co-heiresses at law. After the decease of Richard Hayne, Mary Hayne, his widow, (who died about 1802) devised her share of this estate to her son John for life, (who died about 1808) with remainder to her son Thomas, in fee; he becoming a bankrupt, William Locker, esq. purchased his share of his assignees, and thus became seised of the whole, which he sold in 1824 to WiUiam Charlton and George Gregory, gents, who hold a court twice a year. The Gells of Hopton have had a considerable estate in this township ever since 7 Elizabeth ; at which time, Ralf GeU, of Hopton, died, and left his son Anthony an estate here, which was in the possession of Sir Philip GeU, in 1712, and the same is now the property of Philip Gell, esq. In 1620, the copyholders of the King's manor, in Brassington, had decreed for every ox-gang there, common of pasture for three-score sheep ; and also in same pro portion for aU manner of cattle, in and upon throughout the heaths, wastes and moors, in and adjoining and belonging unto Brassington, aforesaid, commonly caUed by the name or names of Crowdale-stones, Harber-haU, Harber-hall back, Harber-haU bames, Harber-hall dale, Harber-haU cliffe, Fyneing-dale, Mount-lowe, Mount-lowe back, Narrow-dale, Cannel-meare, Curst-moore, Gorse-beds, Clipper-lowes, DacketUwalls, Sorrest, Aston-diill, The Edges, Shining-diffe, Senno-dale, Askalls, Askall-moore, Oat-seats, Hare-knowle, Myninge-lowe, Cat-seats, Callow-low, Jordaine-slack, How- eU, Streete-knowle, Long-meere holes, Long-cUffe, Long-cUffe back, Duxton-edge, Pie-dale lowes, Many-stones, Elder-torrs hole, Round-low, Round-low botham, Rushie-mear, Picking-Pitts, Pie-dale hiU, The Break, ahas Breack, Long-dale, WaterfaU-dale, The Dales, Smethda, alias Smeth-dales, the hiU or parcel of ground above Brassington church, where standeth a rock or torr, caUed Ernestone, and a piece of land called the Greene, in which is a weU, called Coole weU.— The same decree regulates the steward's fees, for which see Wirksworth. In 1620, the foUowing persons compounded with the king's commissioners for the confirmation of their customary estates in Brassington : George Wilcocke, Richard Gratton, Edward Knowles, Rowland Alsop, Robert Smith, Henry Spencer, German Buxton, and John, his son, Richard Buxton, Thomas Toplis, George Buxton, John Tissington, Thomas Westerne, John, son of Andrew Lane, John Wright, Anthony Steeple, WiUiam Eaton, Richard Walton, and Ralph Charlton. The ancient tower church is a Norman structure, dedicated to . The! living is a perpetual curacy, valued in the king's books at £10. ; it has been augment ed by £400. subscribed, £600. from the royal bounty, in 1812, by a parliamentary grant of £1200. in 1814, and is now worth about £170. per annum. The late Rev. P. Story, as impropriator, whose trustees are patrons of the chapel, had an allotment OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 149 of 353 acres of land, given in lieu of tithes at the time of the enclosure in 1803. The Rev. German Buckston, of Bradbourn, is the incumbent. The impropriate rectory of Brassington belonged to Robert Gale, citizen and vint ner, of London, who, by his Will, bearing date 1612, charged this estate, and his estate in Claypole, in Lincolnshire, with the payment of £20. per annum to Christ's hospital; £20. to Corpus Christi college, Oxford, for six poor scholars, to be chosen by his immediate heir, Mr. Lacock, his heirs or assigns ; £22. to Chippenham, in Wiltshire; £22. to the city of Lincoln; and £20. to the Vintner's Company. The rectory of Brassington belonged some time to the Bainbrigge family ; from whom it passed by bequest to the Rev. Philip Story, late of Lockington hall, in Leicestershire. Monumental Inscriptions in the Church. On a board, elevated above the manor pew, in this church, is carved and painted the arms and crest of the family of Buxton, who formerly resided here. ARMS. Sable, 2 bars, Argent, on a canton of the last, a buck trippant of the first. CREST. On an helmet, a wreath, thereon a Peli can vulning itself, Or. In the south isle is a stone in the wall, inscribed, Ann, daughter of German and Jane Buxton, (who died, December 23rd, 1674) gave 20.J. per annum to the poor of Brassington. In a seat in the middle aisle are mural monuments to the respectable family of Wilcock, of this place. Robert Wilcock, died 11th May, 1776, aged76. Eliza beth, his wife, died 25rd May, 1770, aged 70; and their children, William Wilcock, died 15th July, 1793, aged 58; and Elizabeth Wilcock, died 4th May, 1757, aged 24. Another memorial, for the eldest son and heir ap parent of William Millington, of Hognaston, gent, by Margaret, his wife, sister and heiress of the last-named William Wilcock, viz. Thomas Millington, died 8th May, 1797, aged 52. Charities. Buxton John Buxton George Buxton German Dale Thurstan Dale Robert Gisborne, Rev. Francis Mather Samuel Toplis Rentcharge Rentcharge Rentcharge Land, 4 a. 5 r. Op,... Land, 1 a. 3 r. 34p. Funds Rentcharge Rentcharge , 5 0 0 1 0 0 1 10 II 10 0 0 3 3 II S 10 (1 1 0 (I 1 10 0 Put out one apprentice PoorPoor Schoolmaster Poor dittoditto ditto Will 22nd June, 1699. Deed, 1655. Deed 12th June, 1742. Will 23rd August, 1744. Deed 1817, Will 1818. Date unknown. Date unknown, in 1786. The schoolmaster, who is appointed by the owner of How Grange estate, for the consideration of the £10. instructs 12 poor children in reading, free. The elder branch of the Buxton family removed from Buxton to Brassington early in the 17th century, in consequence of the marriage of Richard Buxton with the heiress of Lane, his son married a co-heiress of Ferne ; Richard, his elder grandson, married the heiress of Jackson, and left only daughters. This family have been con siderable donors to the poor, which agrees with their Motto, Fructum habet Charitas. Brayfield, in Wirksworth. Breach, in Denby. BREADSALL is a very ancient vUlage, a township, constablery and parish, in Breydeshaii, the hundred of Appletree and deanery of Derby. This small rural village is seated at the foot of a hill, which shelters it from the east winds, in the Derwent vale, 2-J m. N. E. from Derby. The parish is bounded on the E. by the township of Morley, on the N. by Horsley, on the N. W. by Little Eaton and Allestree, on the S. by Little Chester and Chaddesden and on the W. by Darley. This village has the advantage of being well watered by two smaU rivulets, besides the Derwent and the canal, and of good roads, which pass through the township. In 1821, there were 104 houses, 121 famUies and 544 inhabitants, now increased to about 600, who are chiefly employed in agriculture, the only manufacture being 25 framework-knitters ; a few young women and chUdren are employed at the Darley cot ton-mills. Sir George Crewe, bart. holds a court here annually. There is one wind- raiU and one inn in the township. The extent of the township, including 1461 acres of waste and common land, en closed by Act of Parliament in 1815-16, is 2377 a. 2r. 34 p. partly on a marl and partly on a gravel sub-stratum. At the time of the enclosure an allotment was given in lieu of tithes. The land in the vale of the Derwent is excellent, but some of the high land is of inferior quality ; the average rental is about 30s. per acre ; it is tithe-free, and the parochial expenses are not considered heavy : the poor- 150 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER rate, county-rate and constables' accounts, having averaged, during the last seven years, £243. and church-rate £20. per annum. The highways have of late years been heavy, this parish having three mUes and three quarters of turnpike and seven miles of highways to keep in repair. The length of turnpike cost upwards of £1800. in four years. The estimated annual value of aU the buildings and land is £2122. 2s. 9d. The township is divided between eleven proprietors, viz. Sir George Crewe, bart. the lord of the manor, owns about 1700 acres ; Mrs. Darwin, the Priory estate, 110 acres; the Rector, glebe land, 453 acres; Mr. John Morley, 54 acres; Mr. Robert Walker, 39 acres ; Mr. Thomas Walker, 9 acres ; Mr. John Bailey, 7 acres ; Edward Bailey, Thomas Rowland, Josiah Shepherd and Richard Turner, are small freeholders. In Braideshale, Siward had, before the general survey, a manor, rated to the geld at five carucates, and the arable land was five carucates. There were, at the time of the Survey, in demesne, two carucates and twenty-one villanes : and seven bordars had eight carucates. One knight had one carucate. There was a church and a priest, and one mill of 13s. id. and twelve acres qf meadow. Wood-pasture eight furlongs in length and eight in breadth. In the time of king Edward the Confessor, and at the time ofthe Survey, the value was £i. ; and at the latter period, Robert held it, ofthe fee of Henry de Ferriers. This manor was given by Wolfric Spott, Earl of Mercia, to Burton abbey, in the reign of Ethelred. In the reign of Edward the Confessor, it was possessed by Si ward ; and after the Conquest, by Earl Ferrers. At an early period the family of Dunne possessed it, of which family was Robertus de Dunne, who at or soon after the foundation of the Priory of Tutbury, was a considerable benefactor thereto, as appears by the confirmation Charter of Robert, the younger Earl Ferrers, his master. This Ro bertus de Dunne held two knights' fees in the county of Derby, ofthe famUy of Ferrers, in the time of Hen. I. ; as did his son, in 12 Hen. II. William de BreydeshaU is one of the witnesses to a Charter, without date, whereby WilUam de Ferrers, Earl of Derby, grants lands in Spondon fo the church of St. Mary, in Stanley park, and is caned Wil liam Dunne, of BreadsaU, knt. in an old pedigree ; but in what manner he was related to the persons of the same surname, before spoken of, we have not been able to discover. Robert de Duyn, by his Charter, without date, grants to Sampson de Duyn, his son, for his homage, the moiety of his manor of BreydeshaU, within the viUage and without, in wood, in plane, in demesne and villainage, and with his men and villainage tenants and their sequels, and with the services and homages of freeman, in meadows, in pastures, in miUs and waters and all other appurtenances without retention, except the advowson of the church of the manor, which was entirely to remain to Hugh, bis son, and except the capital messuage, &c. To hold the premises so granted, to Samp son and his heirs, by his espoused wife, of Robert and his heirs, freely, quietly, peaceably, honourably, fully and entirely, in fee and inheritance for ever, by the ser vice of half a knight s fee ; and for failure of such heirs as are before described, the premises were to remain to Hugh (brother to Sampson) and his heirs. Hugh de Dunne isa witness, along with Robert le Vavasour (who was sheriff of Derbyshire in 20 Henry III.) to a Deed, without date, of Sir WiUiam Poyncond. And is also a witness with Hugh de Meynil, the said Robert Vavasour and others, to an Indenture, without date, between WilUam le Foun and the Abbot and Convent of Darley, and is there styled a knight. This Hugh, who probably was the eldest son of Robert, had a daughter and heiress, Johanna, who carried one moiety of this manor, in mar riage, to the family of Curzon, in which family it continued, until, by an heir general, it passed to the Dethicks, the last of whom had an only daughter and heiress, married to John Harpur, a younger son of the Harpurs of Swarkestone, and on the failure of the issue of this marriage, it came, by perquisition, to the ancestor of Sir Henry Harpur, of Calke, in Derbyshire, bart. The division of the manor of BreadsaU being before the passing of the statute, " quia emptores terrarum" the separate parts were considered as distinct manors, and as such are constantly described in the Inquisitions post mortem respecting it. The one part being caUed the manor of BredsaU Over hall, and the other, the manor of BredsaU Nether haU. That part which was granted OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 151 to Sampson de Duyn, caUed the Nether hall manor, appears afterwards to have been held by the family of Ferrers : and in 25 Edward I. on the extent of the lands and knight's fees of Edmund, Earl of Lancaster, the king's brother (then lately deceased) John de Ferrers (son of the unfortunate Earl of Derby) and Richard de Curzon, held BreydessaU of the Earldom of Lancaster by the service of one knight's fee, at which time, the annual value of it was £30. In 25 Edward III. Ralph de Bake puze died, and held it by two knight's fees. In 4 Richard II. Henry de Chaddes- den, archdeacon of Leicester, gave some lands here to the chaplain of St. Mary, of Chaddesden, singing mass. In 50 Edward III. it was found that Alianore, formerly the wife of HosteUetti Tressynges, and then deceased, had held a moiety of the manor of Breydesale, for the term of her Ufe, of John de Ferrers, knt. (grandson of the be fore-named John de Ferrers) with remainder after her death to Robert, son and heir of John (the grandson) then in the king's custody, by reason of his minority, which moiety was held of John, Duke of Lancaster, as of his honour of Tutbury by knight's service. On the 14th of March, 14 Henry IV. Robert de Ferrers, knt. lord Ferrers, of Chartley, died seised of the manor of Breydesall, called Nether hall, held of the King, as of his Duchy of Lancaster, by knight's service, leaving Edmund, his son and heir, then aged 27 years and upwards. And 14 Henry VI. Edmund Ferrers, knt. lord Ferrers, of Chartley, died seised of it, leaving William Ferrers, his son and heir, aged 23 years and upwards. WiUiam Ferrers died without issue male, and so his estate came to his daughter, Ann, who married Devereaux. Soon after this, the Nether haU manor came to the possession of the lords Cromwell, of Tatteshall, in Lincolnshire, in 4 Edward IV.* The fine was levied of Trinity term, 3 Edward IV. between Thomas Tyrrel, knt. Thomas ByUyng, serjeant at law, and Richard lUing- worth, plaintiffs, and Humphry Bourchier, knt. lord CromweU and Johanna, his wife, one of the heirs, &c. Gervas Clifton, knt. and Matilda, his wife, another of the heirs, &c. deforciants. And by Deed, roU under seals of Tyrrell and ByUyng, dated 11th July, 3 Edward IV. and enrolled, C. P. 12th November foUowing. They re leased aU right under the fine to IUingworth and his heirs, in the manor of Breyde shaU, called the Nether hall, 400 acres of land, 508 acres of meadow, 220 acres of pasture, 2 acres of wood and 16s. rent, in BreydeshaU. Richard IUingworth, the only person who appears to have taken any beneficial interest under this fine, was knight in parliament for the county of Nottingham, in the parliament held at Cambridge in the 25th, and in three several pariiaments held at Westminster, in the 27th, 29th and 33rd years of Henry VI. He afterwards obtained considerable preferment in the law, being appointed chief baron of the exchequer the 29th of September, 3 Edward IV. in which office he continued until the 11th of the same reign, and was then a knight. He died 26th April, 16 Edward IV. seised jointly with John Fortescue and Thomas Curzon, his feoffees, of the manor of BraydeshaU, caUed Nedyer haU, leaving Ralph IUingworth, his son and heir, aged 26 and up wards. Richard IUingworth, grandson of the Judge, left four daughters, his co heirs, one of whom became the wife of John Dethick, of BreadsaU, esq. and brought to him the manor of BreadsaU Nether haU, at which time the Upper and Nether haU manors were re-united, and have ever since so continued : which John Dethick and Mary IUingworth, left their estate at BreadsaU Nether haU to their son, John Dethick, esq. who died, 2 Edward VI. and left it and an estate at Chaddesden to his son George, who died, 5 and 6 PhUip and Mary, and left it to his son, or brother, John, by Lama Bonnington, which John married Emma, daughter of Jasper Lowe, of Denby, by whom he had only Dorothea, who espoused Sir John Harpur, of Swarkes- * Wolley says, in f5 Edward IV. Bradeshall was left by Margaret Fitz Williams to Hugh Machare), her heir,; and 16 Edward IV. Sir Richard IUingworth died, and left Breadsal Nether hall to his son Ralf, who died 13 Henry VII. and left it to his son Richard, who died 20 Henry VIII. and left it to his three daughters and co heirs, Mary, Alice, and the wife of John Dethick (who was son of John, the son of John, the sod of John, the son of John, the son of William, who was the son of William Dethick, of Breadsal, who was the son of Sir William Dethick and Cecily Curzon, which Sir William was the second son of Sir Jeffrey, son of Sir William Dethick, of Dethick, in the time of Edward HI. and which Cecily was the daughter of Thomas Curzon,. of Breadsal, the son of Thomas, the son of Stephen, the son of Henry, the son of Richard, the son of Henry, the son of Henry Curzon, who married Joan, daughter of Hugh de Breadsal, son of William de Breadsal, temp. Henry III. as appeals by a Deed of that reign, without date.) 153 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER ton : on the death of the said John Dethick, in 36 Elizabeth, the manors of Breadsall Over hall and Nether hall, passed with his heiress into the Harpur family, together with presentation of the living, and they have ever since remained in the family, being now the property of Sir George Crewe, of Calke Abbey, bart. Breadsall Priory. — This was the foundation of an ancestor of the Dethicks, who placed here some Friars-Heremites, in the reign of Henry III. and afterwards converted into a small priory of Canons regular of St. Augustine, dedicated to the Holy Trinity. By an inquisition, taken on Friday next after the feast of the Annunciation of the blessed Virgin Mary, 15 Richard the Second, on a writ of ad quod damnum, it was found, not to the damage of the King or any other, if he (the King) should enable Thomas Franceys, clerk, Henry Cotton, clerk, Thomas Wombwell and William Steynor, to give to the Prior and Canons of Breydesale park, 10 acres of land in Horestan; nor if he should enable Franceys, Cotton and Womb- well, to give to the Prior and Canons a cottage and 8 acres of land in Chaddesden and Spondon ; nor if he should enable Robert de Kniveton, vicar of Doveridge, Thomas WombweU, Thomas Walhouse and Thomas Wade, to give to them a cot tage in Duffield, a toft and 20 acres of meadow and 10 of pasture, in Windley; nor if he should enable Franceys, Cotton, Wombwell, Steynor and John RoseU, to give them 2 acres of land in Breydesale ; nor if he should enable John Hardy, of ferley, to give them one bovate of land in Morley ; nor if he should enable Robert de Fer- rariis, of Chartley, knt. to give them a toft in Breydesale ; nor if he should enable WombweU, Walhouse, Wade and Henry Cook, to give them the reversion of an acre and a rood of copyhold land in Duffield ; nor if he should enable the before-named Henry de Cotton to give them a messuage and one acre of land, in Derby ; nor if he should enable Henry Barbour, of Derby, and Edmund Townley, to give them two messuages and two cottages, in Derby ; nor if he should enable John RoseU, of Little Eaton, Cotton and Townley, to give them the reversion of a cottage in Derby, to hold to the Prior and Canons and their successors for ever, to pray for the good estate of Henry de Cotton, Robert de Ferrariis, John Hardy, -Agnes, the wife of Stephen Cotiler, and Emma le Shepherd, whilst living, and for their souls, when dead, as also for the souls of Isabel Brassyngton, Richard Cusselyng, John Taillor, of Chaddesden, Agnes, his wife, Oliver de Barton, and Maud Atte-haU, of Derby. — In 3 Henry V. WilUam Dethick gave to the said Priory, lands, &c. in Mugginton : which Priory and all its lands was seized by Henry VIII. at the general dissolution. The Priory was valued at the dissolution at £10. 17*. 9d. yearly, and was granted along with other estates, 6 Edward VI. by the name of the manor of Breadsall park, and the site and capital messuage of the late Priory of BreadsaU park, and the ad vowson of the rectory of BreadsaU park (meaning the tithes of the Priory lands) to Henry, Duke of Suffolk and Thomas Duport, gent, and their heirs, to hold of the King, in capite, by the service of the 40th part of a knight's fee ; and the Duke and the co-parcener had the same year license to alien to Thomas Babington, esq. who after keeping it a short time, had license of ahenation (2 and 3 PhiUp and Mary) to Thomas Hutchinson, gent. In 1597 we find it the property of John Leake. It was shortly afterwards pufchased by Sir John Bentley, knt. counsellor at law. On his death, in 1622, it became the property of his daughter and heiress, Elizabeth; mar ried to Sir Gervase Cutler. Mary, the daughter of Sir Gervase, married Sir Edward Moseley, bart. : after the death of Sir Edward, the son of the latter, it passed to Sir Edward Moseley, of Hulme, knt. whose daughter brought this estate to her husband, Sir John Bland, of Kippax park, Yorkshire, bart. Sir John, his son, sold it, in 1702, to Thomas Leacroft, gent, who, in 1703, sold it to Andrew Greensmith, of Wirks worth, whose great-nephew, Herbert Greensmith, esq. was possessed thereof at his death, in 1788: but being under contract for the sale of it to Mr. Samuel Beard, his uncle (who died before him) the devisees of Mr. Greensmith have since conveyed it to Mrs. Hannah Beard, widow of Mr. Beard, and Mr. Herbert Greensmith Beard, tVeviU Fallows Beard, Mrs. Salmon and Miss Beard, four of his children. In the year 1799, the late Erasmus Darwin, esq. of Derby, purchased it. Mr. Darwin died soon after his purchase, having bequeathed the Priory to his father, the weU-known OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY, 153 physician and poet, who, after his son's death, removed to Breadsall, where he spent the last years of his life, and died, April 18, 1802. Breadsall Priory stands on a pleasant elevated site, surrounded by grounds irregu larly broken ; a venerable oak still remains on the estate, and conveys an idea of the ancient grandeur of the park when the monks inhabited the priory. A small rivulet which runs past the priory supplied several fish-ponds formerly. On the east side of the present mansion stood the chapel. On laying the foundations for the improve ments made by the late Dr. Darwin, several stone coffins were discovered. The priory is the residence of Mrs. Darwin. The ancient church is a Norman structure, with a tower, terminated with a hand some octagon spire, dedicated to All Saints. There are three handsome stone stalls, and a compartment for the holy water in the chancel. The living is a rectory ; its clear value in the king's books is £28. 2s. Sd. and yearly tenths, £2. 16s. 3^d. The present income, derived from 453 acres of glebe land, &c. is about ,£650. per an num. Sir George Crewe, bart. of Calke Abbey, is the patron, and the Rev. Henry R. Crewe, is the present rector. A list of the Rectors of Breadsall. A.D.1510 William Dethicke ... 1577 John Walton 1651 Charles Wardor -George Hulme 1641 John Hieron 1662 George Hill 1667 Samuel Buld , sen. ... Presented by John Dethicke, esq. Bishop upon Lapse. John Harpur, gent. John Harpur, gent. Sir John Gell, bart. John Harpur, esq. John Harpur, esq. A.D.1679 Samuel Bold, jun. obt. 1700 1700 Gilbert Mitchell, M.A 1738 John Clayton, M.A 1774 Walter Fletcher, A. B 1795 John Dewe, A. M 1830 Rev. Henry R. Crewe Presented by John Harpur, esq. / Rt. Hon. Countess \ of Bellamont. Henry Harpur, esq. Sir Hen. Harpur, bart. Sir Hen. Harpur, bart. Sir Geo. Crewe, bart. Arms and Inscriptions in the Church. In the chancel, on the ground, within the rails. — Gilbert Michell, A. M. late rector of this church, died October 28th, 1758, aged 67. Without the rails — Here lieth the body of Frances Michell, .wife of Gilbert Mitchell, rector of this parish, and one of the daughters of S. Beaumont Dixie, of Market Bosworth, in the county of Leicester, who died 16th April, 1705, aged 42. John Clayton, M.A- late rector, a good man, died 15th July, 1774, aged 67- Walter Fletcher, late rector, died in 1795, aged 65. He was a diligent pastor, an affectionate parent, a sincere friend, and a benevolent honest man. Benjamin Blundell, some time of Stoke Newington, in the county of Middlesex, gent, died 8th April, 1725, aged 72. Anne, his wife, died 16th January, 1726, aged 67. North side. — In memory of Erasmus Darwin, son of Erasmus Darwin, by Mary, his wife, the daughter of Charles Howard. He was born at Lichfield, Oct. 31th, 1759, and died at Derby, December 29th, 1799. To great abilities in his profession of the law, he joined the probity of ancient manners, with the ele gance of modern ones; was strongly attached to his friends, cordially beloved by them, and sincerely la mented. While Time's strong arms with mighty scythe erase Art's cumberous works and empires from their base. Each transient hour its sickle tune employs, And crops the sweet buds of domestic joys. South side. — Erasmus Darwin, M. B. F. R. S. born at Elston, near Newark, 12th December, 1731 ; died at the Priory, near Derby, 18th April, 1802. Of the rare union of talents, which so eminently distinguish* ed him as a physician, a poet and a philosopher, his writings remain a public and unfading testimony. His widow has erected this monument in memory of the zealous benevolence of his disposition, the active hu manity of his conduct, and the many private virtues which adorned his character. In the south aisle, on a raised tombstone, is the following inscription : Here lyeth the body of Roger Morledge, who departed this life the 25th January, being aged above 74 years, Anno Dom. 1680. In the church, carved on a pew door, are these arms. Or, 4 pales. Gules. — Dune, and several other shields. Here lyeth the body of Reginald Pyndar, gent, and Elizabeth, his wife. She departed this life the 24th day of October, in the year of our Lord God, 1678, being aged about 75; and he, the 19th of Mayfollow- ing, 1679, being aged' 82 years and 24 days. Charities. The School-house was built at the joint expense of Sir H. Harpur, bart. and the parishioners, in 1788, on the waste belonging to Sir Henry Harpur, lord of the manor. The Rev. John Clayton, rector of Breadsall, in 1745, left the sum of £200. for teaching the poor children of the said parish to read and say their catechism ; it is now increased to £346. 18,?. 4>d. which sum is vested in 3 per cent, consolidated Bank annuities, the interest of which is £10. 8s. per annum. In consideration of this sum, the schoolmaster instructs sixteen boys and girls, free. Anne Johnson, of the parish of St. Sepulchre, London, hath given a close of land, known by the name of Bastead Orchard, containing 8 a. 3 r. 17 p. with the appur tenances, unto the churchwardens and overseers of the poor of Breadsall; and they 154 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER are required from time to time to pay the rents, issues and profits, unto and amongst such poor widows who have been the wife of one husband, and who are of the age of sixty years. Each widow receiving the rent for one year only, and so on succes sively; and in case there should be no such widow Uving within the said parish, it is to be distributed amongst such poor fatherless girls as shaU be then living. The present income is £10. per annum. Anthony Walker, late of BreadsaU, did by his Will, dated 15th November, 17H, give and devise one parcel of land, caUed Stone Barks, lying in the hberty of Darley, leading to Matlock, in this county, unto the poor of BreadsaU, for ever, to buy twelve twopenny loaves, to be distributed every Sunday throughout the year to twelve of the poorest people, such as the churchwardens and overseers should think proper; and also directed that what spare money, remaining in the churchwarden's hands, should once in the year be distributed to sick or lame people in the said parish ; the use of it to be paid yearly. The property belonging to this charity is 14 a. 0 r. 28 p. of land, now let for £24. per annum. John BaUey left in his Will £20. to the poor of BreadsaU; the use of it to be paid yearly. John Walton, rector, in 1600, gave £40. to the succeeding rectors, churchwardens, and most substantial men in the parish, in trust, for the best benefit and relief of the poor of BreadsaU. WUliam Keen gave £30. to the poor. ¦ John Hieron, a puritan divine of some note, born at StapenhiU, where his father was vicar, was presented to this rectory, by Sir John GeU, in 1644, and continued to possess it tiUhe was ejected for non-conformity in 1662. After a short residence in some other parts, he removed, in 1668, to Loscoe, where he died in 1682, and was buried at Heanor. He was esteemed an able bibUcal critic, and abridged Pole's Sy nopsis, but published only one volume of Sermons, and a theological work. He ap pears to have meditated a Parochial History of Derbyshire, for which he made con siderable coUection from records, now in the possession of Godfrey Meynell, of Mey- neU Langley, esq. Pedigree of the family of DARWIN, of Cleatham, Co. Lincoln, Elston, Notts, and Breadsall Priory, Co. Derby. ARMS. Quarterly, 1 and 4, Argent, on abend, Gules (cottized, Vert) three escallop shells, Or, Darwin. 2 and 3, Sable, a chevron, a. a. a. between three Storks' heads erased, Ar- gent, Waring. CREST. A Demi-Griffin segreant, Vert, holding in his claws an escallop shell, Or. MOTTO. Cave et Aude, Beware and Dare. William Darwin, of Cleatham, co.=Mary, widow of Thomas Small, Lincoln, died 1644. I and daughter of Healey. William Darwin of Cleatham, -=Ann, dau. of Erasmus Thomas co. Lincoln, born 1620. I Earl, of sergeant Darwin. at law, born 1634. Erasmus Dar-=Elizabeth, dau. William Darwin, of-= Anne, dau. and win, of Hull, born 1659 died 1736. of Hugh Mason, of Hull. Cleatham, esq. eld son, born 1655, died 1682, at. 28, buried at Elston, Notts. heiress of Ro bert Waring, of Welsford, eo. Lincoln, born 1664, died 1722. John, born 1661, died same year. Richard, born 1663, died un married. Anne, bora 1664, mar. Hen. Rands, of London, had issue, and died 1743. OE THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 155 Elixabeth, only =¦ WiUiam Darwin, of=Mary, dau. of dau. of Erasmus Cleatham, esq. eld. I Seeker, of Gran- Darwin, died son, born 1681, died tham, S. P. 1760, set. 70, buried born 1686, died at Elston. 1747. Robert Darwin, of Elston,. Notts, esq. barrister at law, 2nd son, born 1682, died 1754, buried at Elston. Erasmus Dar- William Morgan^ Elizabeth, dau. of win, born Darwin, of Clea- Thomas Hutton, 1707, died tham, esq. born of Gainsborough, 1707. 1710, died 1762. had issue four daughters. Anne, Elizabeth, Mary, Eleanor, all died . unmarried-. 1 1 1 Waring Darwin. Anna-Maria, Arabella, all died unmarried. Elizabeth, dau. of John Hill, of Sleaford, co. Lincoln, gent. bom 1702, died 1797- |Robert Wa- Elizabeth, William Alvey= ring Dar- born 1725, Darwin, of win, of El- mar. the Gray's Inn and ston, esq. Rev. Tho. of West Slea- eldest son, Hall, of ford, co. Lin- born 1724, Westbo- coin, esq. born died a ba- rough, and 1726, died 1783, chelor in hail 2 sons bur. at Elston. 1816. and 1 dau. William Brown=Eliza Darwin, of El ston, esq. and late of Thurls- ton Grange, co. Derby. 4 1 1 Anne, mar. Sam. Fox, of Osmas- Croix. ton, county Derby, esq, Elizabeth, I I I Jane, Anne, burn dau. of 17-27, died unmarried. Brown. Susannah, burn 1729, died 1797. John, born 1730, died unmarried about 1805. I Mary, lst=Erasmus Darwin, =Elizabeth, ¦ ' widow of Col. E. S. Pole, of Radbouru, co. Derby, mar. Dr. D. 1781; his widow 1830. wife, dau* of Charles Howard,' of Lichfield, esq. marri ed 1757. died 1770. bethSt. I Charles Dar win, esq. bn. 1758, at Lichfield ; was at Christ Church Col. Oxford, died at Edinburgh, 1778, unmar. Erasmus Dar win, of Der by, attorney at law, born at Lichfield, 11th October, 1759, died 29 Dec 1799, unmarried. M. D. F. R. some time of Lichfield, then of Derby, and lastly of Bread sall Priory, coun ty Derby, born at Elston, 12th December, 1731. died 18th April, 1802, aged 84. Elizabeth, born 1763, died 1764. William, died an in fant. Robert Wa ring Dar win, of Shrewsbury, M. D. born 1766, living 1850. Elizabeth. Eleanor. Robert Alvey. Charlotte-Cooper. William Waring. = Susannah dau. of Josiah Wedge- wood, of Etruria, co. Staf ford, esq. Mary Anne, mar. 9th Nov. 1824, Henry Parker, of Overton, M. D. Caroline. Susan. Erasmus. Charles. Emely Catherine. Edward Dar win, esq. of Mackworth, co. Derby, born 1782, died July 50, 1829, fet. 46, unmarried. Frances Anne Emma, Violetta.born born 1785,married 1784, Samuel Ter tius Gallon, esq. of the Larches, co. Warwick, and has issue. Sir FraucisSach eve-™ Jane Harriette, Rev. John Henry, died 1818, " unmar. rel Darwin, knight, M. D. of Sydnope, in the parish of Dar- ley-in-the-Dale, co. Derby, and some time of Lichfield; born 1786, hving 1830. dau. ofthe late; Darwin, born and sister of rector of 1789, the present Elston, died John Ryle, of born 1787, 1790. Park House, died a ba- near Maccles- chelor field, esq. 1818. Mary Jane, Reginald, Emma Edward Frances Georgiana Violetta Anne Eliza bom 1817. born 1818. Elizabeth, Levett, Sarah, Elizabeth, Harriette, Thomasine, born 1820. bom born born 1823. born 1826. born 1828. April 15, July 1821. 1822, Harriettej born 1790; marriedThomas James Ma ling, esq, CaptamIt. N. ; she died at Val paraiso 5th Aug. 1825 S.P. The Darwin family is known and distinguished in this county, by the residence of the eminent physician, poet, and philosopher. Dr. Erasmus Darwin, at Derby, and Breadsall Priory, from the year 1781, to the period of his death. Previous to that period the lineage is traced to the Darwins of Cleatham, in Lincolnshire, who resided there during several generations in the 17th century. The Cleatham branch became extinct, in the male line, by the death of William Morgan Darwin, who had issue, four daughters. Robert Darwin, the uncle of William Morgan, was a barrister at law, and settled at Elston, near Newark, Nottinghamshire : he was the father of the celebrated Dr. Erasmus Darwin. The Life of that great ornament to the literature and physiology ofthe country will be found in the Biographical portion of this Work ; it will be sufficient to say, in this place, that Dr. Darwin rose rapidly to eminence at 156 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER Lichfield, where he settled about the year 1756, at the age of 24, as a physician. His studies in natural philosophy were extensive, and his relaxations were poetic compo sitions highly enriched by fancy and the powers of diction. His astonishing work, entitled Zoonomia, which treats of the Laws of Life, will ever be read with earnest attention by those who seek for nature untrammelled by the bondage of 'superstition. The freedom with which it is written has deterred many from its pages, but the bold truths asserted in those pages are daily gaining ground among philosophical students. The Doctor's poetry is splendid, and his descriptions are elaborately accurate, but it is the poetry of a philosopher, and there is a deficiency of that sensibihty which ought to engage the heart and affection, as well as the mind and admiration of the reader. Still there are sublime and interesting passages which are equal to similar portions of any other author whatever. As a physician, the fame of Dr. Darwin was so great during his lifetime, that he was sought for in distant counties, and it remains as the highest testimony of his utility. The present eminent physicians, Dr. Robert Waring Darwin, of Shrewsbury, and Sir Francis Sacheverell Darwin, M. D. of Sydnope, in this county, may be said to rival the medical reputation of their illustrious father. The existing members of the family are numerous. Breadsall old hall, what remains of it, is now converted into a public house. This ancient mansion stands opposite the church, and exhibits a specimen of the halls of our forefathers, when pointed gables, projecting bow-windows, and half-timbered houses was the fashion ofthe day. Some of the ancient furniture is preserved on the premises, and consists of the hall table, which is of oak, on massive carved pillars, some other carved oak tables, oak screens, &c. all black with age. The ivy creeps up the walls, and hangs luxuriantly around the ruined mansion. BREASTON, a village, township, constablery and parochial chapelry, 1 m. S. Braidestune, 0f Risiey, and 7 m. E. of Derby, in the parish or soke of Sawley ' and in the hundred of Morleston and Litchurch. In 1821, there were in this village 109 houses, 117 families and 579 inhabitants, about half of whom are supported by agriculture and the other half by trade or handi craft. There are 50 or 60 framework-knitters in this township. The Nottingham canal passes near to the village. The extent of the township, including 300 acres of common or waste land, enclosed by Act of Parliament in 1757, is about 1400 acres of good land, divided among 42 proprietors ; the principal of whom are the Rev. John Hancock Hall, the lord ofthe manor, who owns about 120 acres; William Charlton, esq. of Chilwell, 140 acres; Dr. Attenborough, of Nottingham, 180 acres; Mrs. Bonsall, 140 acres; Burton school, 110 acres; Alexander Foxcroft, esq. 30 acres; Joseph Stevens, gent. 80 acres; Joseph Jerram, gent. 60 acres ; Mr. Newton, of Draycott, 60 acres ; Mr. Whyman, baker, of Derby, 50 acres ; Mr. Chappell, 49 acres ; Mr. Hides, 33 acres; Mr. Har- riman, 30 acres; Miss Wallis, 30 acres; Messrs. Benjamin and Edmund Jowett, 30 acres ; Dr. Madan, tithe farm, 22 acres ; and the remainder, from 2 or 3 to 25 acres. The estimated annual value of all the buildings and land is £2310. 13s. id. The average rental is about 35s. per acre. The parochial expenses, including poor and county rate, salaries, constables' accounts, church-rate, &c. taking the average of eight years, is £413. 7*. per annum. The inhabitants pay to Shardlow House of Industry, and send their paupers to that house. There are three male friendly societies, consisting of 124, and one female, consist ing of 94 members. One Primitive Methodist chapel and three victuallers in this township. In Braidestune, Levenot Sterre had three ox-gangs of land to be taxed. Land to one plough. There is now in the demesne one plough : and two villanes have five oxen, a plough, and three acres of meadow, value in king Edward's time 10s. now is. Herbert holds it. This belonged to Henry de Ferraris. In Braidestune, one ox-gang of land to be taxed. Land to one ox. It is waste, and renders a pair of spurs (II Calcaria.) There is one acre of meadow. Gilbert de Gand has there two cafucaies of land, one mile long and three quarentens broad. This manor belonged to Geoffrey Alselin. In Braidestune soke, Ulf Fenise had two carucates of land to be taxed, fo OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 157 Braidestune, Legulf and Lewin Cilt had three carucates of land to be taxed. Land to Fulk, a vassal of Roger de Busli, has there five villanes and two ploughs, and ten acres of meadow, value in king Edward's time iOs. now 20s. This Ligulfhad half a caru- cate of soke, which Fulk de Lusoris has taken from ( ' interceptane super) Gilbert de Gand. This manor belonged to Roger de Busli. D. B. 308, 317, 322, 324. In 9 Edward III. Robert de Sallow died, and left his Son Robert an estate in Breaston. In 38 Edward III. Robert died, and left William the same ; who dying 12 .Henry IV. left it to his son George; the latter died in 5 Henry V. and left this estate to his grand-daughter, Agnes ; she died 3 Edward IV. and left her estate here to her kinswoman and heir, Agnes, wife of Thomas Pilkington. In 14 Henry VI. Raife Macherell died, and left his estate here under the Lord Zouch, and another under WiUiam Fitz William, by grant of John Marshall, canon of Lincoln. In 10 Henry VIII. Thomas Babington left his son an estate here. In 36 Henry VIII. John Powtrell left his son Thomas an estate here ; which Thomas died, 4 or 5 Philip and Mary, possessed of the same, and left it to Walter Powtrell ; the latter died in 1598, and left it to his son Thomas, under John Willoughby, esq. In 37 Elizabeth, Raife Barker left an estate to William, his son. Michael Willoughby, esq. purchased the manor from the Babington family in the reign of Elizabeth. Early in the 18th century, Mrs. Grey was the largest proprietor ; since which time it has been much di vided, and the Rev. John Hancock Hall is the present lord of the manor. The church, dedicated to St. Michael, is a plain structure, and until it was conse crated, in 1 826, the inhabitants buried their dead at Little Wilne. The hving, valued in the king's books at £40. has been augmented by £200. subscribed, £200. royal bounty, and by a parhamentary grant of £1080. The minister receives the rental of 14 acres of land, now let for £28. per annum ; £40. from the school property, and the interest of the £1080. The Earl of Stamford is the patron, and the Rev. John Hancock Hall the present incumbent. Charities. Charlton John, and Jerram Charles, by deed, 8th April, 1715, gave £100. to be laid out in land, for the use of the poor. With the above sum, land was purchased at East Bridgford, co. Nottingham, consisting of 8 acres, now let for £10* per annum. Brentwood Grange, in Staveley parish. BRETBY, a small rural pleasant village, hamlet, constablery, and chapelry, 2i m. Bretebie, s. of Repton (to which place it is a chapel of ease) and lol m. S. W. by S. from Derby, in the hundred of Repton and Gresley. In 1821 there were 54 houses, 57 families, and 302 persons, which are now increased to 60 houses, as many families, and 320 inhabitants, who are chiefly supported by agriculture. The extent of the hamlet is about 1550 acres of land, of various soils, divided into farms of 150 acres each; the park contains about 500 acres, and is well stocked with deer. The tithes are included in the rental. The parochial expenses average about £300. per annum. The estimated annual value of all the buildings and land is £1821. 17.s. 6d. There is a school for boys, and one for girls, supported by the Earl of Chesterfield and the inhabitants. The Earl of Chesterfield is the sole proprietor. The manor belonged to Algar, Earl of Mercia, before the conquest, and was left by him to Edwin, his son, who, having fought against the Conqueror, and being slain, his estates fell into the hands of William I. and was part of the royal demesne of the crown. At an early period it became the property of the Earls of Chester, and passed with a part of the manor of Repton to the family of Segrave. In 1291 Nicholas de Segrave had a charter of free warren ; his son John was the king's lieutenant in Scot land, and was taken prisoner at the battle of Bannockburn. In 1295 he was sum moned to parliament as a baron, and five years afterwards had the king's license to castellate his mansion at Bretby. The castle and manor belonged to Thomas de Bro- therton, Earl of Norfolk, and second son to Edward the First, from whom it descend ed to the Mowbrays, Lords Mowbray and Dukes of Norfolk. In the reign of Richard II. Thomas de Mowbray, Duke of Norfolk, died seised of the manor and castle of Bretby. It afterwards came by inheritance into the family of Berkeley. In 1 5 Henry 158 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER VII. the second Duke of Norfolk, divided with Maurice, surviving brother of Wil liam, Marquess of Berkeley (who died without issue) the lands which fell to them hy right of their descent from the co-heirs of Mowbray, Duke of Norfolk. The manor of Bretby was part of the moiety which was allotted to the Marquess. Thomas, Lord Berkeley Mowbray, died possessed of it in 39 Henry VIII. In this reign Jane, grand-daughter to Sir Michael Stanhope, married Henry, Lord Berkeley. In 1569 Henry, Lord Berkeley, demised the manor and castle for forty-one years to Thomas Duport; and Lysons supposed the heiress of the latter married Mr. John Mee, who was the lessee in 1585, when the Berkeley family sold their interest in the manor and castle, and conveyed them to Edward Scarfing and Lawrence Wright in trust for Sir Thomas Stanhope, for the sum of £2500. In 1815, on the death of Philip, the late Earl, the manor and estate descended to George Augustus Frederick, the present Earl. We extract from the topographer, published in 1790, the following notice of Bretby : " As we approach the side of Bretby park from Ashby, we lose much of the woody shades, that, till lately, hung around. Lord Stanhope, in his father's life time, here cut down a fine wood upon his estate, called Newhall Springs, and the Earl of Chesterfield has since robbed his beautiful park of most of its venerable ornaments. We, however, stop to contemplate the fate of this once noble but deserted place. A large avenue from the park gate leads from this road about half a mile to the site of the house, which, when standing, was magnificent. Here stood a magnificent old mansion, which, as report says, was built by the famous Inigo Jones, and probably it was by that master, from the style of architecture, which we remember to have seen when it existed, ten years ago, as well as from examining it, as still preserved in a bird's-eye view, engraved by I. Kip, in the ' Nouveau Theatre de la Grande Bretagne.' It was probably built by the family, after their house at Shelford, in the county of Nottingham, was ruined by the parliament army. " The house consisted of a long but narrow body, with wings of about the same dimensions ; the tops of the latter were circular, but the gables on the roof of the former were more varied. The court was protected by massy iron gates, through which you passed, on a flag pavement, to a portico on the ground floor. This led to a hall and large staircase, painted and hung with many excellent paintings. The rooms were, for the most part, magnificent, with painted ceilings, rich tapestry, and noble pictures. " Beyond, at right angles with the east wing, was an admirable chapel, finished in 1696; the architecture was Grecian, or ofthe Ionic order, very Ught and handsome. Within was a rich Uning of cedar, the altar-piece, of ItaUan marble, was remarkably fine ; there was also an organ in the gaUery ; and at the east end of this chapel stood a very large and venerable cedar, which is stiU remaining." Mr. WoUey, in his Manuscript History of Derbyshire (1712) speaks thus of Bretby : " The seat of the Earl of Chesterfield is situate in the midst of a large park, well wooded, and stored with several kinds of deer, and exotic beasts ; there are several fine avenues of trees leading to the house, which is of stone, though not of the modern architecture, yet very regular, convenient, and noble, with a very curious chapel, and very good outbuildings ; but the gardens, fountains, labyrinths, groyes, green-houses, grottoes, aviaries, but more especiaUy the carpet-walks, and situations of the orange-trees and water- works* before the marble summer-house, are all noble, and particularly curious and pleasant, suitable to the genius of the owner, Philip Stan hope, the third Earl of Chesterfield, who has also been the chief contriver of them, who now, about 80 years of age, retains a great deal of that vigour and capacity which * The water-works were began to be constructed in 1684, and finished in 1702, most probably by the same artist who constructed those at Chatsworth. They consisted of numerous jets-d'eau, one of which, from a dragon's mouth, was thrown to the height of fifty feet. On the east side of the house was an oblong piece of water j in the centre of which was a lofty pedestal, supporting a statue of Perseus) from the sides of the pedes tal issued numerous jets-d'eau. The orangery was very extensive, its large and lofty trees all growing in the natural soil, the conservatory having a lofty roof, and sides of glass removeable in trie summer. These gar dens appear to have been preserved complete, with the water-woxks, &c. until 1780, when they were destroyed with the house. OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 159 has hitherto rendered him the glory of the nation. The gardens were disposed after the plan of Versailles, in the old grand style, with terraces, leaden images in the shape of wild beasts, fountains, &c." " The park, though not very extensive, was formed by nature, with much variety to please ; a deep glen divided the eastern side, down which winded a chain of fish- pools ; the sweUs on every side were clothed with fine timber, until the American war caused them to be feUed. In the other parts, long avenues of elms and chestnuts filled the scene. To the north-east, Repton-shrubs, that glorious wood, which stiU retains its greatness, seemed a continuance of the same park, and highly ennobled the scenery. A Uttle west of the north rises that charming feature, caUed Bretby Mount, an object seen from most parts of the country. Such is the mutilating power of a few years, that where we before wandered amidst the finest shades, trees are now but thinly scattered ; and where we might behold a magnificent edifice, adorned with noble paintings and aU the richest ornaments of the times, now scarcely a relic is dis covered ; the materials being all sold, and only a small house erected for the steward. This, however, was the celebrated scene of the Count de Grammont's visits to the beautiful Countess of Chesterfield, in the time of Charles II." The late Earl of Chesterfield was persuaded, in his youth, by an artful steward, to pull down this splendid old mansion and chapel, as being in a dangerous state of de cay, though it was afterwards proved to have been very substantial. Its demohtion, which took place in 1780, was sincerely regretted by the late Lord, who was ever after much attached to the place, and for some time inhabited a smaU house, erected by the steward out of the materials of the old house, until he built the present splendid mansion. The castle, according to tradition, was standing in the reign of Elizabeth ; the site is still discernible near the church. The chapel, with the tithes of the chapelry, were parcel of the rectory of Repton, which belonged to the priory at that place. This grant was confirmed by John, arch bishop of Canterbury, 13 Kal. April, 1279. It passed with one of the co-heiresses of Sir John Port, to the family of Hastings, and probably was brought into the Stanhope family by the marriage of the first Earl of Chesterfield with a daughter of Francis, Lord Hastings. The living is a donative, in the gift of the Earl of Chesterfield, and the Rev. John Chamberlayne is the present incumbent, and chaplain to the Earl. The late Earl and Countess of Chesterfield supported a school for thirty boys, and another for thirty girls, in which the chUdren were clothed and instructed in reading, writing, and arithmetic. These schools are stiU kept up, and are chiefly supported by, the Earl of Chesterfield. The following Masque, written by Sir Aston Cokayne, was presented here on the twelfth night, 1639. THE PROLOGUE. To be spoken by whom the Masquers shall appoint. To you, great lord, and you, most excellent lady, And all this well-met, welcome company, Thus low I bow : and thank that you will grace Our rude solemnities with such a presence. The Lar familiaris of the house being proud of so much and great company, and glad of their free and noble entertainment, appears to congratulate the hospitaUty of the lord and lady, and speaks these Unes. Better than I could wish ! Superlative And the great banquets of fam'd Ilion ; To all relations, not examples now ! Have been inform'd of Egypt's glorious feasts I've known the household Gods of Rome and Greece, To entertain the courtly Anthony: And all the good Penates of famed Troy, Vet was there or necessity or pride. Heard what they could triumph in, of their fates ; Or empty prodigality in all. Tell jovial stories of the frolick Greek, Here is a course steer'd even and voluntary ; 160 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER And I rejoice, as much as Ganymed, Olympus Nectar, aud Ambrosia-keeper. Here I grow fat with plenty of all sorts That either seas, or land, or air can yield ; And here T live, as well admir'd as envi'd By all the Lares of all other places. For there's a constancie in my delights, A blest Elyzium, where I do not want The tythe of any wish I ever thought. The proudest Lares of the greatest princes, May boast of state and languish in a noise, WhUst here I live seeure, and do'enjoy As much of every thing, but fears and dangers. And may it last while fate attends on time, Untill the supreme deities of heaven Think you too worthy to adom the earth, And mean to fix you glorious stars in heav'n: And while there's air but to receive a sound, May your names busie it to speak your praise. Continue ever matchless, as you are A pair without compare, and but a pair. A Satyre, invited hy the loudness of the music, and the perpetual concourse of people, to inform himself to what end all tended, comes boldly in, and meets the Lar Familiaris. Sar. What means this bold intrusion ? Lat. Friend, forbear; Tho' I was born i' th* woods, and rudely bred Among the salvages, 1 have a mind Aspires the knowledge of great princes courts. And to what end aimes all this jollity In yours as well as others palaces. Lar. Dost thou approach to censure our delights. And nip them in the bud ? Satyre, take heed, We'll hunt you hence through all the woods and launs, And over all the brooks thine eyes have seen. Sat. Vou threaten more perhaps than you can do: What art ? Lar. I am this Palace Deity. Sat. I wish thou wert a servant unto Pan, Or any God that doth frequent the fields. Lar. So would not I, I'm better as I am. Sat. Thy ignorance bewitches thee to this : Thou liv'st among all fears, all noise, all care, While I walk merry under heaaten's bright eyes. We in the fields are free from "any sin Against th' almighty deities of heaven : We know no law but nature's; do not tremble At princes frowns ; have neither fear nor hope; And are content ; a state the Gods exceed, not. You languish in a perpetuity Of thoughts, as unconfin'd as are your ends; You truly lavish all your faculties In getting covetous wealth, which we contemn. Yoursleeps are starting, full of dreams and fears ; And ours as quiet as the barks in calms. The youthful spring makes us our beds of flowers, And heaven-bright summer washeth us in springs. As clear as any of your mistress's eyes : The plenteous autumn doesenriche our banquets With earth's most curious fruits, and they uu- bought; The healthful winter doth not pain our bones. For we are armed for cold, and heat in nature. We have no unkind loves in meads or fields, That scorn our tears, or slight our amorous sighes. Nor are we frantic with fond jealousie, The greatest curse Jove could inflict on*s queen, For all her curious search into his life : We in the woods esteem that beast the stateliest That hath his head the richliest spread with homs. The golden aae remains with us, so fam'd By your Athenian and Roman poets. Thug we enjoy what all you strive to get, With all the boundless riches of your wit* Lar. Satyre! when I but say th' art ignorant. My flourishing boast is answered at the full. Sat. But I desire a larger way. Lar. And take it. Canst thou compare the rags of nackedness Before the studied dressings of these times ? And canst thou like a cold and stony cave Before the perfum'd beds of palaces ? Admire the melancholy falls of waters Or whistling musick of th' inconstant windes, The chirping discord ofthe wanton birds, Above the angel-voices of our ladies, And th* exquisite variety of musick, Order'd to thousand several instruments? Content to cloy thy homely appetite With crabs and slows, and nuts, and rude raixt herbs, Before the stately banquets of the great ? How canst thou like beasts inarticulate voices Above the heav'n-given eloquence of men ? Forsake the woods (fond Satyre) and but try The un thought difference 'twixt them and us. The hills are fit for beasts ; converse with men, And thou wilt never like thy cause again. Sat. Thou almost do'st perswade me: but then I Shall leave mine old, and honest company. ' Lar. Thy new ones shall exceed them. Here's a butler Will give thee wine as rich as is thy blood. And here's a cook will clothe thy bones with flesh. As rich as was young Jason's golden fleece. Sat. Well: I will live with thee. Lar. And welcome, Satyre. Sat. Spite of the fates, and Grecia's best protector, I'll be Achilles, and o'ercome thy Hector. Lar. A resolution worthy thy Sylvanus. Sat. But for my last farewell unto the woods I'll shew you a wild dance of nimble Satyres: For we do dance as much as they that live In princes courts, and tissue palaces. First Song. You Satyres that in woods Have frozen up your bloods, Advance yourselves and shew What great Pan's men can do ; Appear. Here you had need beware, And move as swift as air: These are not sylvan swains. But courtly lords and dames. Sit here. THE ANTIMASQUE. Satyres, rudely, but decently attired, stuck with flowers, and bay's-chaplets on their head,s, come in, and dance as many several antics, and in as many several shapes, as shall be necessary. Being ready to depart, two excellent youths, in rich apparel, come striving in together; to whom the Lar speaks. V-S&. "*" ?%¦$/¦¦/*&**£ ¦ '££.' ¦*¦••. U' " / "il il :&""'vm£§',--*i all V . Y...^f . ' ...1 ,. .. 'Jfefe^ iP t V OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 161 Jjxr. -What do you mean (sweetboys) to interrupt The feeder of the poor; whose gate's so open, Our sports ? I pray you leave your wrestling It doth not need the office of a Porter : thus, Whose house is now Delphian Apollo's seat : And do not strike your skins, too soft for For he's the patron of all arts and wit. blows. Lar. And who is your mother, pretty one ? 1st boy* He would outrun me, and be kist before me. 2nd boy. She is the Countess to that noble lord ; 2ndboy. And he leave me among these dreadful Sa~ A lady worthy more than earth can give her ; tyres. Rich in those vertues make her sex admir'd ; Lar. Whence come you ? A fair exceeder of the best examples 1st and We both were left i'th' woods, and temptedby That Greek or Roman stories e'er produced : 2nd boy. Such things as these to live abroad with them. Goddess of Tame, of Anchor and of Trent. Lar. What would you have ? She's such an one as hath none equal to her, 1st boy. I would go to my father. And therefore you may very easily know her. 2nd boy. And I unto my mother. Lar. I know them both, and honour'd in my Lar. Who is your father ? kuowledge : lstboy. The ever honour'd Earl of Chesterfield ; Sweet youth! yon'd is your father, kiss his Worthy of all his titles by his vertues; hand: And full of noble thoughts. A great main- And that (fair little one) th' unequal'*! lady tainer You asked for : go, and beg a kiss of her. Of our great-grand-father's vertue, hospi tality : Here the Lord of the house gives his hand to his son, and the Countess kisses her son. Then the Satyre speaks to his companions. Sat. Fellows, since you have done, farewell ; I'll leave you And all the rural pastimes of the woods: s I like this noble company so well, That I hereafter here intend to dwell. The Anti-masquers depart; then the Lar familiaris speaks to the Satyre. Lar. Now (Satyre) I will let thee see how far The palace-pleasures do exceed the woods. The Lar leads the Satyre to a curious bower, all deckt with the best and finest flowers of the season : and opens a wide entry into it, where sitting upon pleasant banks, full of the sweetest herbs and delicatest flowers, he discovers the Masquers : then presently invites them forth with this song. Second Song. It is unfit wp should be dumbe That we our sorrows should out-go, When beauties like to those of heaven And tread them down in every measure. To grace our mirths are hither come, Then let us dance, and let us sing, Sic. And help to make our pleasures even. Then let us dance, and let us sing, *Tis mirth that raiseth up the mind. Till hills and dales with echoes ring. And keeps diseases from the heart ; Sports harmless never were inclin'd Now it is fit our souls should know To cherish vice, but to divert. No thought but what is full of pleasure ; Then let us dance, and let us sing, &c. Here the grand Masquers come forth, the ladyes drest like the ancient goddesses : then the Lar speaks to the Satyre. Lar. Satyre, sit, and observe awhile alone : For I do mean to mix with these in dance. Here they dance what, or as many set-dances as they please, the Masquers being men and women, or only women ; when they have danced all they intended, the Lar, or one of the Masquers, invites the spectator-ladyes with this song to join with them. Third Song. Come ladyes, rise, and let us know The figures of the Majiek Art Now you have seen , what you can do ; We'll equal in a better part : Hark how the musick doth invite Judicial Astrologie All you to solemnize this night : Cannot cast such an one as we : Then let the sounds that you do hear Add but your skill (as we desire) Order your feet unto your ear. And well keep time to Phoebus' lyre. Orise! rise altogether, Orise! rise altogether, And let us meet; And let us meet, Mustek's divine, and well may joyn Musick's divine, and well may joyn Our motions tude unto a sweet. Our motions rude unto a sweet. Here all the company dance what they please, and while they please ; when they PART II. l 162 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER leave, the Lar, or one of the Masquers, sings this to the spectator-ladyes, as they go from them. Fourth Song. Ladyes, enough ; we dare not Tempt you to more than this ; Now may your servants spare not To give each of you a kiss: If we were they you should have them To recompense your pain : Oh happy they that gave them. And may give them again ! 'Tislate; goodnight: go sleep, and may ' Soft slumbers crown your eyes 'till day. This being sung, the Masquers, the Lar familiaris and the Satyre, go to the arbor, which closes on them. Ground Plan of Bretby House. I I 1 1 0 10 m 30 -10 50 I I I I I I 70 80 90 100 110/<. No. of Rtfir- 1. Staircase to the nooms on the North East front. 2. Servants' Hall. 34/t. by '21ft. with Steward's Room on 1st Chamber Story, and Bed Rooms above. 3. Powdering Closet, with Bed Rooms above. 4. Butler's Pantry, 21//. by W.ft. 6 in. with House-. keeper's Room and Bed Rooms above. 5. Plate Scullery, with Bed Rooms above. 6. Library, "26ft. 6 in- by 21//. with Bed and Dress ing-Rooms on both Stories above. 7. Lobby and Entrance. No. qf Refer. 8'. Old Breakfast Room, with Bed and Dressing- Rooms above. , Note This is part of the old buildings, ana has not yet been taken down. . 9. Staircase. This is used as the best Staircase until the Grand Stairs are completed. 10. Lord Chesterfield's Dressing "| ^^ tlie f„te Earl's Room, fAnnrtmetifsabove. 11. Lord Chesterfield's Study, I ^¦tam*m "uu OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 163 Wo. of No. of Refer. Refer. 12. Private Stairs to the late Earl's Apartments and 20. Corridor or Entrance, unfinished. Nurseries, with strong Closet under. 21. Entrance Gateway, for Carriages to drive under. 13. Dining Room, 38//. 6 in. by 25//. 6 in. Lady Rooms above, all in an unfinished state, 62//. Chesterfield's Apartments over, and the Nursery by 18//. Bed Rooms, &c. above. 22. Porter's* Lodge. 14. Entrance Hall or Vestibule, 28//. square, with 23. Staircase. Ladies' Drawing Room (now used :.s a Billiard 24. Stairs to Room over Bath. Room) above, and the Nursery fining Room 25. Dressing Room, with Bath in ditto. over. 26. Cold Bath. 15. Drawing Room, 42//. 6 in. by 25//. Bin. The 27. Chapel, 51//. by 27//. best Bed Room, with two Dressing Roomsabove, 28. Lobby and Entrance to Chapel for Tenantry. and the same over. 29. Vestry. 16. Saloon, 31//. in diameter, with Bed and Dressing 30. Stairs to Gallery. Rooms above. 31. Altar. 17. Grand Stairs, unfinished. Note. — The whole of the Building, from No. 18. Library, 5K.ft. 8 in. by 26//. 6 in. unfinished. The 17 to 31 is in an unfinished state ; and the offices Earl of Chesterfield's Dressing Room, Sitting to the north are not yet built. Room and Bed Room above. a. a. a. a. Corridors and Passages. 19. Cabinet or reading Closet, with Staircase above. W.MARTIN, Architect and Builder, Sept. 1828. Bretby house, the principal seat of the Earl of Chesterfield, is a noble modern, casteUated gothic mansion, embattled, surrounding a spacious quadrangular court, which had been several years building prior to the death of the late Earl, in 1815, since which time the buUding has not been continued. This mansion, at present unfinished, was designed by Sir Jeoffrey Wyatville and Mr. Martin, the Earl's ar chitect, and built under the direction of the latter gentleman. The site is an elevation in the centre of a beautiful deer park, enriched with plantations and shady groves of chestnut, beech and other ornamental timber, together with a variety of picturesque scenery, unequalled for its extent. A small trout stream rises in the Pistern hiUs, and meanders through a deep glen ; this, in its course, supplies several fish-ponds. The portion of the house wliich is finished comprises the principal suite of rooms ; these are most elegantly fitted up, and splendidly furnished agreeable to modern taste. The dimensions of the rooms, and particulars given with the accompanying plan, will convey a correct idea of the magnitude and conveniences attached to this noble struc ture. The extensive gardens are on the north side of the mansion. On the east side of the house is preserved a fine cedar of Lebanon, which probably is the oldest tree of the kind in the kingdom. It was planted in February, 1676-7, as appears by the gardener's biU, still in the possession of the Earl of Chesterfield. According to Evelyn, the cedar had not been introduced into this country in 1664. The Enfield cedar was planted about the same time as that at Bretby ; those in the physic gardens at Chel sea, in 1683. The Bretby cedar is 13 feet 9 inches in circumference. This iUustrious family, which at the present time enjoys three seats in the House of Lords, and one baronetage, is said to derive its name from the town of Stanhope, in the county of Durham. In the reign of Henry III. Sir Richard de Stanhope had an estate in the north ; and his son, of the same name, was lord of -Estwyche, in Northumberland, and mayor of Newcastle. He obtained a grant of a third part of the town and fishery of Paxton, in Scotland, from Edward III. on account of his ser vices against the Scots. Sir John Stanhope, the son of the lord of Estwyche, acquired the manor and mansion of Rampton, in Nottinghamshire, by marriage with the heiress of Stephen Maluvel, who was likewise, by her grandmother, heiress to the es tates of Sir John de LongviUiers. This elder branch of the Stanhopes resided for several generations at Rampton ; and during the wars of the Roses, they took part with the House of Lancaster. Sir Edward Stanhope was an eminent commander, in the reign of Henry VII. and one of the principal who vanquished John, Earl of Lincoln, at the battle of Stoke, near Newark, which was fought in behalf of the im postor, Lambert Simnel; and also against lord Audley, in 1497, when the Cornish rebels were defeated at Blackheath : where, for his valour, he was knighted in the field. He was knight of the body to the King, steward of Wakefield, and sheriff of Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire, and died in 1511. The grand-daughter of Sir Edward, by his eldest son Richard, was Sanchia, the sole heiress of the elder branch 1 64 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER, r ¦ '. of the family. She married John Babington, esq. and the manor of Rampton has remained in that family and the Eyres ever since. — The second son of Sir Edward was Sir Michael Stanhope, who, during the reign of Henry VIII. obtained a grant of the manor of Shelford,* which was parcel of the monastery dissolved there: he ob tained also the advowson of several churches and estates in no less than twenty parishes. In the reign of Edward VI. he was appointed chief gentleman of the bed-chamber. The Duke of Somerset, protector of the realm, had married his half-sister, Anna, the daughter of Sir Edward, by Elizabeth, daughter of Fulke Bouchier, lord Fitzwar- ren ; and Sir Michael was committed prisoner to the tower with the Duke, and after wards participated in the contentions of that period, untU in 1552 he was beheaded on Tower hill, on the same day with Sir Thomas Arundel. — From Sir Thomas Stan hope, the eldest son of Sir Michael, the Earls of Chesterfield have derived their de scent.— Sir Philip, who was the grandson of Sir Thomas, was created Baron Stan hope, of Shelford, in 1616, and in 1628 he was by Charles I. created Earl of Ches terfield. When the civil war broke out between the King and the Parliament, the Earl garrisoned his house at Bretby, which was stormed and taken by Sir John Gell, at the head of four hundred musketeers. During these wars, two of the sons of the Earl perished in the Royal cause, t In March, 1643, the noble Earl himself was taken prisoner, and died in prison, after a confinement of thirteen years, in the 72nd year of. his age.J — Philip, the second Earl, was the grandson ofthe first: he was in strumental in bringing about the restoration, and was made chamberlain to thequeen of Charles II. He was succeeded in his title and estates by his eldest son. The celebrated Earl of Chesterfield (Philip Dormer) was the eldest son of the third Earl. His lordship was ambassador from this court to HoUand on various occasions, and was regarded as an intelligent statesman. As lord-lieutenant of Ireland, his conduct was estimable and concUiatory. His lordship was also principal secretary of state in 1748. As a wit as well as a poUtician, this talented nobleman was much admired; and his letters to his natural son, however objectionable they may be in some points, display the man of the world and the elegant writer. The fourth Earl having died without legitimate issue, the titles and estates fell into the possession of a younger branch, who are descended from Arthur Stanhope, of Mansfield Woodhouse, in the county of Nottingham, the eleventh son of the first Earl of Chesterfield. — Philip Stanhope, the great-great-grandson of Arthur Stanhope, was the fifth Earl. His lordship was greatly distinguished by his attention to agri cultural improvement. He died in 1815, leaving an only son, George Augustus Frederick, the present and sixth Earl, then ten years of age. This spirited young nobleman stands high in the esteem of the Monarch, who has appointed him one of his chamberlains, and promises well to maintain the honour and dignity of his illus trious ancestors. The famUy estates consist of about 10,000 acres in Nottingham- * Henry the Eighth, bv letters patent, 29th of his reign, irranted the monastery of Shelford, with 254 acres of laud, the advowsons of several churches, and all other appurtenances to the same belonging, to Michael Stan hope, esq. and Anne, his wife, and the heirs male of Michael. This grant was enlarged by a subsequent one in 31 Henry VIII. whereby the manor of Shelford, the advowsons of several other churches in the counties of Nottingham, Lincoln and Derby, and estates in no less than twenty parishes are added to the former. Many of these still remain in the descendants of the first grantee, since that time ennobled by the earldom of Ches terfield. f The Priory had been converted into a dwelling-house, and continued to be the residence of some part of the Stanhope family until the reign of Charles I. During the troubles of those times, it was made a garrison for the King, under the command of Philip, son of the then Earl of Chesterfield, who lost his own and the lives of many of his soldiers in the defence of it. The Parliamentarians took it by storm, October 27, 1645, and burnt the greatest part of it to the ground. Out of its ruins a pretty large house was built in theyear 1678, which still remains, but presents nothing to arrest attention or gratify curiosity. It is supposed, that after the destruction of Shelford manor, the head of this distinguished family settled in Derbyshire, and built the noble mansion described in the text at Bretby ; which mansion, through the artifice of a steward, in the early life of the late Earl, was in the year 1780 totally destroyed. % From a manuscript volume, in the collection of Godfrey Meynell, of Meynell Langley, esq. Die Lune, 1 Martii, 1646. Ordered upon the Question by the Commons assembled in Parliament, that Philip, Earl of Chesterfield, shall have the allowance of five pounds per weeke allowed him out of bis own estate for his support ; and the Com mittee of the several counties where his estates lie, are to take notice hereof and yield obedience thereunto. H. ELSYNG, Cler. Pari. D. Com. OF THE COUNTY OF DE11BY. 165 shire, 6,200 in Buckinghamshire, and 6,350 in Derbyshire. To his lordship the author is indebted for much condescension, and for the donation of the accompanying plate of Bretby house. Bretton, in Eyam parish. Brightgate, in Bonsai parish. Bridgetown, in Darley and Ashover. BR1MINGTON, a village, township, constablery, and parochial chapelry in the Brimi"tone* parish and deanery of Chesterfield and hundred of Scarsdale. This viUage is pleasantly seated on a hill about 2 m. N. E. from Chesterfield, on the Worksop road. In 1821, there was 127 houses, 130 fami lies, and 629 persons. Ofthe 130 families, 35 was chiefly employed in agriculture, f3 in trade or handicraft, and 22 variously. The township consists of 1148 a. 1 r. of old enclosed, and a. - r. - p. of unenclosed, ironstone and coal land, divided among several proprietors, the principal of whom are, D' Ewes Coke, esq. who owns the ancient haU, John MeyneU, esq. the Tapton Grove estate, in right of his mother, the daughter of Avery Jebb, esq. Lucas Maynard, esq. John Richard Cox, esq. Messrs. James and John Greaves, John and Anthony Heywood, John Lingard, John Wainwright, &c. The estimated annual value of aU the buildings and land is £2373. 11*. The county rates average about £52.; church rate £80. and poor's rate, &c. £ — . per annum. The manor was a berewick to Newbold when the Doomsday Book was compUed. Geoffrey, son of WiUiam de Brimington, gave, granted, and confirmed to Peter, son of Hugh de Brimington, one toft, -with the buildings, and 3 acres of land in the fields there, with twenty pence yearly rent, which he used to receive of Thomas, son of GUbert de Bosco, with the hostuages and services, reliefs and escheats, rendering yearly to him and his heirs a pair of white gloves, of the price of a halfpenny, at Christmas, for aU services. The manor passed successively into the families of Breton, Laudham, and Foljambe. In 1800, Mr. Foljambe, deputy clerk of the peace for the West Riding of York, sold it to John Dutton, of Chesterfield, esq. the present owner. The church is a handsome, plain, modern structure, rebuilt in 1808 ; the tower had been buUt in 1796 at the expense of Joshua Jebb, esq. The Uving is a curacy, valued in the king's books at £10. It has been twice augmented, by lot, in 1735, £200. and in 1753, £200. by royal bounty £400. and by subscription in 1762, when the sum of £500. including Queen Anne's bounty, was laid out in the purchase of an estate in Ashover; and by a parhamentary grant of £1200. The vicar of Chester field is the patron, and the Rev. Thomas Field, of Chesterfield, is the present in cumbent. Monumental Inscriptions in the Church. In memory of John Walker, died 25th February, 1822, aged 67. Thomas Challenor, who died 18th December, 1751, . Here lies this our witty pretty creature, aged 77. Mary, his wife, 21st June, 1751. Thomas, The gift of God to us by nature ; their son, 23rd March, 1772, aged 68. His pleasant words and winning looks, Henry Audsley, late vicar of Chesterfield, died 4th Are noted in our inmost thoughts ; December, 1725. Although his death does grieve us sore, Thomas Heywood, died 30th March, 1797. Mary We mourn for him who weeps no more. Heywood, his wife, 26th September, 1807* Charles, si.n of William and Elizabeth Scales, who John Heywood, died 8th February, 1825, aged 77. died March 5, 1771, aged 4 years aiid 7 months : also Mary, his wife, 22nd October, 1820, aged 65. William Scales, who died 25th November, 1795. George Heywood, died 14th March, 1781, aged 70; Thomas Knowles, who suffered the penalty of the Hannah, his wife, 21th April, 1785, aged 73 i George, law at Derby, for forgery, 5th September, 1800, is tlieir son, 25th February, 1795, aged 49. buried in the church-yard. Charities. Brailsford Elizabeth Foljambe Godfrey Gisborne Rev. Francis JebbJoshua Rent charge Lands, &c. Funds Rent charge 0 5 0 11 13 10-J 5 10 0 5 0 0 Poor Poor Poor, clothing 5 poor women Will 24th February, 1594. Will 1818* Will Sth March, 1794. Tapton Grove, in this chapelry, a charming seat, built by the late Avery Jebb, esq. is the property of John MeyneU, esq. now in the occupation of Charles Wake, esq. Brislingcote, in Winshill. 166 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER BROADLOW, or BRADLEY ASH, consists of two farm-houses, and 405 acres Bradeiawe, vf laj*^ jn the parishes of Ashbourn and Thorpe, 3 m. N. of Ash bourn, and was part of the king's lands at the time of Doomsday Survey. The manor was parcel of the Duchy of Lancaster, and was held by the Cokayne family. In 37 Henry VIII. George Beresford held lands here. In 1608 it was granted, with other estates, to Robert Cecil, Earl of SaUsbury, in exchange for lands in Hertfordshire. , In 1613 the Earl sold it to Dame Judith Corbet, widow of Wil Uam Boothby, citizen of London, by whose bequest it passed to her grandson, Sir WilUam, who was created a baronet in 1660. On the death of his son, Sir Henry, the second bart. without male issue, the estate passed, in 1727, to Thomas Boothby, of Tooley park, Leicestershire, cousin and heir of Sir Henry. For several generations this was the chief seat of the Boothby family, who had here a good old stone house and a fine park walled about. In 1754, the Boothby famUy sold this estate to Mr. Nicholas Twigge and two other persons, soon afterwards Mr. Twigge became the sole proprietor, from whom it descended to his grandson, the Rev. Thomas Francis Twigge, late of Derby, who devised it to Francis Thornhagh Foljambe, esq. son of John SavUe Foljambe, esq. and Spendlane estate to WilUam Bourne, esq. of Hull. The old mansion was pulled down in 1795, and the out-buUdings were converted into two farm houses. Brockhurst, in Ashover parish. Brookfield, in Hathersage parish. BROUGH and SHATTON, two small viUages forming one hamlet, in the parish Scetune, and constablery of Hope, and hundred of High Peak, contains 19 houses, 19 families, and 93 inhabitants, who are chiefly employed in agriculture, and at the cotton mills of Messrs. Pearson and Co. Brough is situate 1 m. E. from Hope, on the banks of the river Nooe. We have already noticed this viUage as being formerly a Roman station. A gold coin of Au gustus Caesar's was found here about 30 years ago, in the Halsteads, by Mr. Samuel Sidebottom. The camp was at the place caUed the Castle, near the junction of two smaU streams, named the Nooe and the BradweU. According to tradition, WiUiam PevereU had a house at Brough ; and that a bloody battle was fought near Winhill and LosehiU, by two armies which encamped thereon, but when, or by whom, is not known. It does not appear on examination that there have been any fortifications on them more than some ditches ; and whether these were used for fences or a slight temporary defence, is not known. About the year 1778, on removing a heap of stones to the eastward of Winhill pike, an urn, made of clay, badly baked and of rude workmanship, was found under them. The urn stood on the surface of the ground, the top covered with a flat stone, and over it the heap of stones was rudely piled up in the form of a hay-cock. Brough and Shatton hamlet contains 458 a. 2r. 22 p. of old enclosed, and about 522 a. 3 r. 21 p. of unenclosed gritstone land. The enclosed land is rather flat, and the soil is fertile ; the river Nooe runs down the north side of it ; the farms are small ; the average rental is about 35*. per acre ; the tithe belongs to the Dean and Chapter of Lichfield ; hay is rated at 4*. 6d. per acre. The average poor and county rate, and constables' accounts is £66. 19*. id. per annum. The highways and church rate are collected separately. The estimated annual value of all the buUdings and land, including Offerton,* is £1046. 16*. 10ton, born May 1, 1592, died January 3. 1666: had 6th May, 1653; married Elizabeth, sole daughter and issue, by his wife Susanna, daughter of Christopher heir of Edward Sleigh, of Derby, merchant ; had issue Alleston, Thomas, factor for the East India Company, by her nine sonnes and three daughters: viz. Marga- died at Bantam ; and Daniel, a sillunan, died at Stock- ret, a Sonne dyed young, Thomas,* Edmund, John, erton; and others who dyed without issue. He hath Daniel, Daniel, Elizabeth, Samuel, Joseph, Alice, anil surviving, Henry, a silkman, in London ; George and Henry. Elizabeth, wife to Collingwood Sanders, died Christopher, in New England: Susanna, married to Margaret, eldest daughter, wife to John Mr. Robert Mellor, 2ndly to Mr. Sim. Ash, 3dly to Rowe, of Windlehill, gent, had issue three daughters, Thomas Woodcocke. Elizabeth, Mary, and Margaret; she was bom 5th Here lyes, expecting the second coming of Jesus April, 1608, and died 3rd September, 1654. Christ, Collingwood Sanders, lord of CaldweU and Ire- An hatchment with 8 quarters. There was formerly a Presbyterian meeting-house here, of which the celebrated Dr. Ebenezer Latham was minister. There is now a meeting-house of General Baptists at this place. Caldwell haU is described by Mr. WoUey, in his Manuscript History of Derby shire, as being an old seat, removed out of a little moated piece of ground adjoining. The moat is cut out of the solid rock, and the pavement of the court is sohd rock.t The mansion has been much improved since it came into the possession of the family of Evans. The haU is a large and handsome brick mansion, overlooking a rich lawn to the south front, and a lake of water to the extent of seven acres, which is surrounded by shady walks and ornamental gardens. This charming residence is now the property of Miss Rebeckah Evans, who resides at it. CALKE, formerly celebrated for its Abbey, is a smaU rural vUlage, a township, Calc* constablery and parish in the hundred of Repton and Gresley and deanery of Repington ; containing 9 families and 5S inhabitants, who are chiefly supported by agriculture. The viUage is 1 m. S. E. from TicknaU, 3 m. S. W. from Melbourn, and 10 m. S. from Derby. The township is bounded by TicknaU N. Staunton- Harold S. Castle- Donington and Melbourn E. The extent is 709 a. 0 r. 18 p. of limestone and coal land, principal ly in the occupation of Sir George Crewe, bart. The park is upwards of 400 acres, stocked with Portland sheep, from four to five hundred deer, &c. The tithes belong to Sir George, who is the sole proprietor of the lordship. The estimated an nual rental of aU the land and buildings is £793. The parochial expenses, taking an average of seven years, have been £60. per annum. The manor belonged to the Earl of Mercia before the conquest, who granted it to Burton abbey. In the reign of Henry VIII. it was held by Sir WiUiam Bassett, knt. who died 6 Edward VI. and left it to his son WilUam ; who died 4 Elizabeth, and left it to his son William (Wolley.) In 1547, Edward VI. granted the site of the abbey to John, Earl of Warwick. In 1577, Roger Wensley, esq. possessed it, and resided at the abbey. In 1582, Richard Wensley, esq. sold the estate to Robert Bainbrigge, esq. In 1621, Mr. Bainbrigge conveyed it to Henry Harpur, esq. of Normanton, ancestor of Sir George Crewe, bart. the present proprietor. * This was Colonel Thomas Sanders, of Little Ireton, an eminent Parliamentary officer, under Cromwell. See furtlu'r particulars under Little Ireton, in Mugginton. -) The late Adam Wolley, of Matlock, esq. has here inserted an advertisement respecting an estate sold here, consisting of a mansion house 108 feet in front, a sheet of water of 5 acres, and 50 acres in paddock. The corn tithes of the hamlet consisting of 800 acres. The great and small tithes of the hamlet of Linton contain ing about 700 acres, 500 acres of land in the hamlet of Coton, 700 acres in the hamlet of Linton, as before stated, the whole containing 1340 acres, and let for £21.33. per annum. This appears to be Caldwell hall, »'¦ Mortimer's estate, sold in July, but no years stated. (Godfey MeyneU.) OF TIIE COCTNTY OF DERBY. 183 A convent of regular Canons., of the order of St. Austin, was founded at Calke, by the Earl of Mercia. Before 1161, Ranulph; second Earl of Chester, Matilda, his wife, and their son Hugh, made considerable additions to the foundation. It' was dedicated to St. Mary and St. Giles, and received endowments from various benefac tors ; but chiefly from the Countess of Chester, on con dition that it should be subject to the priory cf Repton. The monks removed first to Depedale (the site of Dale Abbey) and afterwards to Repton. The following is a translation of the charters to this religious house. Charter of Matilda, Countess qfCftester, concerning the Advowson of the Church of Repton. To Walter, by the grace of God, bishop of Coventry, and to all the children of the holy mother church, Matilda, Countess of Che^er, wisheth health. Your sanctitv knows, that I, by the permission of my son Hugo, have given to God and to St. Mary and to the Canons of Calc, in pure and perpetual alms, the working of the quarry of Repton, upon the Trent, together with the advowson of the church of Saint Wicstan, of Repton, with all thereto appertaining ; upon this con dition, that the convent shall be dependent thereupon as its head, whenever a suitable opportunity shall pre sent itself; to which Calc shall be a subject member: for it remains ever of the same diocese. I beseech your complacency with much prayer, that as much as these donations were undertaken by your counsel and charity, so that you will render them lasting. Witnesses, my son himself, Earl Hugo ; William Abbot, of Lileshelle; Helias, Prior of Bredune; Roger, chaplain ; Turris, clerk; Alfred, of Cumbrei ; Sewell, of Hesbi: Nicholas, of Meelton, and many others at Repton — Farewell. Charter of Hugo, Earl of Chester. 1, Hugo, Earl of Chester, to the constables, seneschalls, the justiciaries, viscounts, ministers, bailiff!* , and to all his people, French and English, as well nowliving as to come, wish health. You all are to know that I have granted and confirmed, by this my Charter, all the possessions and all the liberties ofthe church of St. Giles, of Calc, to the Canons serving God there, for the soul of my father and of my mother, and for the salvation of my own soul, and for the souls of my ancestors, in perpetual alms, as the Charters of my father testify and confii m. Viz. a wood which lies between Sceggebroc and Aldrebroc, and the small cultivated Geilhcrg between Aldrebrne and Sudwude : and the small mill at Repton, and four bovates of land in Tichehale. And by the gift of Nicho las, the priest, two bovates in the same village; and the chapel of Smithesbi. And ofthe gift of Geva Ridel, a manse of land in Tamworth. And of the gift of my father, one boat in the fishery of Chester, fur fishing when soever they may be willing, with one manse of land for the use of the fisherman : together with the territory of Loftescot : namely, along the road that descends from Repton to the stream-head at Neuhathewelle ; and along the stream down to the boundaries of Meeltone; and, on the other side, from the limits of Meelton e, up to the head of Loftescou. And the whole of the land of Eswin Esegar, of Trengestona. And I ordain that the said land be free and quit of all service and of all disputes and quarrels, as land given in alms ought to be. And moreover, I command my people, that they do not inquiet or disturb them (the Canons) in any matter, but that they, the said Canons, may hold the aforesaid land in wood and in plain, in waters and in mills, and in all places as completely as ever any one has held it completely in my own time or that of my predecessors : and that Reginald, the son of Alwin, of Repton, with his manse, and with two bovates of land adjoining to the said manse, himself and his heirs, be free and quit of all secular service and of all customs which belong to me in the hundred of Repton ; and, that they be liberated by name from the pleas of Halemonte, and from all con tentions and occurrences; so that they may be free in possession in perpetuity : and principally, that the said Reginald be quit of toll and panage and from all custom in perpetuity. And I grant to the same aforesaid church, the service of Nicholas, the armour-bearer of my father, in wood and in plain, in the rivers and in the pastures, in the court and without the court, in the high-roads and in the pathways, freely and undisturbedly, as much as ever any one held him and them freely and undisturbedly before. And furthermore I grant to them, in the honour of God and of the aforesaid church, my court to hold for the same possessions, as pleniarily as I hold ' it in Repton ; with toll and pannage and infaggenthef, with all its customs, which either I or my predecessors might be able well and pleniarily to concede to them. And 1 will and command that they hold it freely, and honourably, and pleniarily, in wood and in plain, in meadows and in waters, in highways and foot-paths, in hall and in markets, in mills, and in all places and in all things : and I will particularly that they have plenty from my wood, for all their buildings and for fire. Let the aforementioned Canons enjoy these aforesaid pos sessions aud liberties freely and undisturbedly, according as the Charters of my father have specified. Witnesses, Radulph, of Meidenwarin ; Alfred, of Cumbrai; Alfred, of Suleini; Rieardus, of Luvetot ; Roger, of Livet; Gilibert, the son of Pigot; Robert, the son of Gilibert ; William, clerk of Barva; Bertram, chamberlain of Sewal; Alexander, his brother ; Radulph, of Bricheshard; Robatus, baker ; William, clerk; Barba,of Aprilis, near Barva. * Charter of King Edward IL otherwise, reciting and confirming the Grants of the Donors. The King to all to whom, &c. health. The donation, concession and confirmation which Harold de Lcke, some time since made by his Deed to the church of Calc, and to the Canons there serving God, who now reside at Repton, of one carucate of land in Leke. The donation, &c. which the same Harold, by his Deed, made to the said church and to the said Canons, of three acres of meadow in the same township. The quit-rtnt also of certain claimants which the said Harold, by his said Deed, assigned to the aforesaid Canons, for a certain cus tom j namely, for the labour of sixty of the serfs ofthe Canons of Huntehothe, on one day in the year, which labour the same serfs were accustomed to perform to the same Harold, for his pasturage of Staunton. The donation, &c. which Robert of Nottingham, some time Canon of Sarum, made by his Deed , to God and to the blessed Mary, and to the church of the Holy Trinity (loci) of Repton, and to the Canons there serving God, of the whole of his land in Sutton and Bonnyngton upon the Soare, with all thereunto belonging, below and beyond the town, without any reserve; together with all the land which he held in Sutton from the same Canons, whilst they remained at Calc, by an exchange of two virgates and one novate of land, with their appertain- ments, in Westerleke; which land the said Robert estimated at two carucates of land. These things to be.had and to be held by the said Canons in perpetuity, holding rents, rates, &c we confirm. By the King, at the tower of London, on the second day of March. 184 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER Deed of Hairy de Hertishorn to the Canons of Calc. To all the faithful in Christ, to whom the present writing may come, Henry de Hertishorn, son of Lady Agatha, of Hertishorn, wisheth health in the Lord. You will all know, that [ have given, and by this my present charter have confirmed, for the salvation of my soul, and of the souls of my ancestors and successors to God and to the blessed Mary, and to the church of St. Giles, of Calc, and to the Canons there serving God) in pure and perpetual charity, three acresof my arable landin the territory of Hertishorn, with all appertaining thereto, in and without the town above Sehuchawe towards the south : to be held and had of me and my heirs freely, quietly and peaceably, from all secular service and demands, for ever. And this donation and conces sion, I, Henry*, and my heirs, will maintain to the aforesaid Canons against all men. And that this my dona tion and concession may be firm and stable, I have affixed to this writing the impression of my seal. These being witnesses — John de Stapenhull, Richard, son of Bertram de Hertishorn : Radulph, of Tykeh', Robert, brother of the aforenamed Henry; John Wychard, of Breslya; William Balle, of Rapenden, and others. SEAL — A device of flowers, with this circumscription, SigilL Henrici de Hertishorn. The new church, built by Sir George Crewe, bart. is erected on the site ofthe old one, on a considerable elevation south of the hall. The old church, recased with stone in 1826, is now converted into a handsome gothic structure, with a square tower, both embattled, the latter with projecting buttresses. The church, dedicated to St. Giles, is a peculiar in the diocess of Lichfield and Coventry, and Sir George Crewe, bart. is the owner of the great tithes and patron of the Hving. It was given by Harold de Leke to the Canons of the abbey before their removal ; and in 1324., it was confirmed to the Canons of Repton. The church is heated with hot-air stoves, set up under the direction of Mr. Harrison" of Derby. The elegant gothic windows were cast at Weatherhead, Glover and Co/s foundry, Derby. The interior is neatly fitted up, with a small organ. The Rev. Matthew Witt, of Repton, is the present minister. In the chancel is a handsome marble monument in memory of Sir John and lady Catherine Harpur, with their busts in white marble. Monumental Inscriptions in the Church. On the handsome mural monument, in the chancel, is the following inscription. Here lies the bodv of Sir John Harpur, bart. who died the 2-lth of June, 1741, aged 63. In his character were happily united the true patriot, thetender husband, the indulgent parent, the worthy gentleman, and the sin cere friend. The world paid this uncommon regard to the greatest good nature and humanity, that he lived and died almost without an enemy. He mar ried Catherine, the' youngest daughter of the Right Hon. Thomas lord Crewe, of Stene, in the county of Northampton, who survived him three years and six months, and lies interred in the same grave. She was a lady of so rare a disposition, that it is hard to say in which of the duties of life she excelled the most. she was eminent in every one. In the profeision of religion she was steady, in the practice of it exemplary. She looked upon her birth and station not merely as marks of distinction, but as spurs to the noblest ac tions; she thought earthly greatness received its fair est lustre from virtue artd piety; though she was placed far above want herself, yet affluence could never abate her humanity. She had the most merci ful feeling for the distresses of others; she made the miseries of her fellow-creatures her own. The poor found in her a sure patroness, the orphan a never- failing friend. Thus they both lived ; happy in each other, an ornament to religion, an honour to their country, a blessing to this place, equally beloved, and their loss was universally lamented. Charities. The parish of Calke is jointly entitled with the parish of TicknaU to tin; benefit of the endowed school and hospital in TicknaU. Pedigree of HARPUR, now CREWE, of Calke Abbey, Co, Derby, Bart. ARMS. Quarterly, I and 4, Azure, a Lion rampant, Argent. Crewe. 2 and 3, Argent, a Lion rampant within a border, engrailed, Sable. Impaling, Sable, 3 masoles, -: Hi £ Up H £ IB I \ | t N H 1 v; -"* X -X- 111 x^ « % * Vi \*>1 Pill 5- ^ x^ — Bli","ii>'--"l>i.t"J'! ¦ ¦¦'¦¦" ' ' : ¦ .¦¦*.. '¦¦:: ' tats 311 Pf?Ilfimm ->*¦¦ t - -.>•->'- D i torn "h-v Ja? Simtli jD?i£jiiSre--lc sc.352 Strain.!' y yyyyy/Y'Y^Y/Y' Owf- iffyr/-/:' /# y/?<> r/utYYy 'rYY/f/'/YYYfrf/YY/.tY/fYY'Y.- y, / ^ // X7X , ' x 7 yytyyMyyy'Myy? OP THE COUNTY OF DEKBY. 185 Gilbert le Harpur. «=Hawise, dau. and heiress of Walter de Elmedon, and heiress of j Robert de Brock, of Chesterton, co. Warwick. Gilbert le Harpur, =Isolda, dau. of Henry Moton, John le Harpur. = Elizabeth Lisle, Hugh le Harpur. temp* Edward 1. I of Peckleton, co. Leicester. I of Moxhull. Sir Robert H.-» Isabel, dau. of John le H."=Joan, dau. of Richard Vernon, Richard le H. ¦= Alice, dau. of knt. John Olney. of Harlaston, co. Staff", obt. S. P. bro. and heir. I RogerdcCuley. r John le Harpur. «- Isabel, dau. of Sir Robert Appleby, knt. Sir John Harpur, of Rushall.co. Staff, knt. = Eleanor, (dau. and heiress of William de Grobere, Baid to be of temp. Henry VI. obt. in 1464. I Rushal), who died in 1429.) William Harpur, of Rushall, ancestor of the family of Harpur, of Rushall. Henry Harpur, esq.= Richard Harpur, 2nd son. Richard Harpur, of Swarkstone, jure uxor. He was Serjeant* at Law, Chief Justice ofthe Common Pleas obt. 29th January, 1575 i buried at Swarkstone. Jane, dau. of Sir George Finderne, of Finderne, co. Derby, and heir of her brother, Thomas Finderne, esq. Isabella, dau of Sir. George=Sir John Harpur, of= Elizabeth, dau. of Andrew Sir Richard Harpur, of Little"- Pierepont, of Holme, co. Swarkst. knt. Sheriff" Novel, of Dalby, co. Lei- over, co. Derby, knt.; for Notts, knt. 1st wife. in 1605 ; obt. Sth Oc- cester, knt. 2nd wife. whose Pedigree see that place. tober, 1622. Sheriff in 1606. Winifred, wife Catherine, dau.=Sir Richard Harpur, = Elizabeth, dau. John Harpur,=Dorothy, dau. and of John Browne, of Sir Thomas of Stretton. Gresley, of Dorothy, ux. of Drakelow, knt. John White, of lstux- Tuxford, co. Notts. of Swarkstone, knt. Simon of Gres- of Breadsall, eldest son and heir, ley, of Long- esq. jure ux- died at London in nor, co. Staff, oris, and 1619. brother to Sir Swarkestone. Thomas; 2nd ux. Sir John H.« of Swarks tone, a knt. inlfi03,obt. 1627, S. P. heiress of John Dethick, of Bread sal], esq.; aged 5, anno 1594; obi. 12th Jan. 1613. 'Barbara, dau. and heiress of Henry Beau mont, of Grace Dieu, co. Leicester, knt.; re-mar. Sir Wolstan Dixie. Dorothy, sis. Isabel, and co-heir- Jane, ess, wife of Henry, Henry Gil- all obt. bert, esq. of S. P. Locko eo. Catherine, Derby. ux.ofRog. Cooper, of Thurgar- ton, Notts. knt. obt 1677, S. P. Sir John H.= of Swarks tone and Breadsall,knt. ; obt. 1677, with out survi ving issue. Sheriff in 1635. ,1 Catherines dau. and heiress of Hen. How ard, esq. 3rd son of Thomas, Earl of Suffolk.by Elizabeth,sole dau. and heiress of Thomas Bassett, of Blore, esq. ¦Frances, eld. dau. of Wm. Lord Wil loughby, of Parham ; she re-marriedSndly, Chs.- Henry, Earl of Bella mont, and 3rdly, to Hen. Heven- ingham, co. Suffolk. Dorothy, mar. 1st, Sif John Fitzherbert, of Norbury; 2nd, to John Shore, of Derby, esq. M. D. after wards knt. she obt. March, 17, 1665; bur. at All Saints, Derby. Henry Harpur, esq. born in 1639; —Frances, dau. of Sir Geffry Palmer, of Carleton, co Northampton, knt. diPri in hiB fath«»c lir-.-tim. s. P. Attorney General to Charles II. She re-married to John, eld. son of Sir Erasmus de la Fouutaine, knt. died in his father's life-time, Sir Henry Harpur, of™ Barbara, dau. of Anthony Calke, co. Derby ; created bart. in 1626; died in 1638. Faunt, of Foston, _ Leicester, e6q. and widow of Sir Henry Beaumont, bart. She died 2nd July, 1649, ret. 68. Jane, ux. of Patrick Lowe, of Denby, esq. Isabella, ux. of Sir Philip Sherard, of Staple- ford, co, Notts, eldest brother to Sir William, who was created Lord Sherard, and Baron of Leitrim, in Ireland, and was the immedi ate ancestor of the Earls of Harborough. I I I I I George,William, Francis, Thomas, Winifred, all died S.P. 186 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER Sir John H.^ of Calke, bart. ; sher iff in 1640, obt. in 1669, jet. 53. =SusanW?st, Henry H. esq. William H. esq. Elizabeth, ux. Jane, ux. Dorothy, Isabel ux 0f of London, married the of Bilston, co. of Richard of Thos. ux.ofSir Nieh.* Hurt widow of a Staff, aged 61 Manly, young- Twyford, Richard of Casterne' merchant in yrs. anno 1681; er son of Sir of Lon- Wilmott, co. Staff, eso' London, and mar. and had John Manly, don, esq. of Osmas- Barbara* ux had one dau. issue, John H> knt. clerk of ton, knt. of John Man' who died of Bilston and the Green ]y( p,q " young. Twyford, esq. Cloth. of the afore said Sir Johu Manly. Catherine, obt. unmar. Sir John Harpur, of Calke, = Anne, eldest dau. Henry, knt. and bart. On the death of William Lord Richard, of his father's cousin Gev- Willoughby, of Charles, man, Sir John Harpur, of Parham. Edward, Swarkstone, knt. succeeded Barbara, to his large estates, and died Elizabeth, in 1681. all died unmar. Susannah, ux. of Dorothy, ux. of Rev. James Dean, John Harpur, of rector of Ollerton, Bilston; shedied co. Notts. at Twyford, 8th Jane, ux. of Hen. August, 1715. Dyson, of Segrave, co. Leicester. ohn Sir John Harpur, of Calke, bart. ==Catherine, youngest dau. and co-heiress of Thomas Anne, only dau. ux, of "'""""" " ""' ~* Lord Crewe, of Steine, co. Northampton, by his Borlase Warren, of 2nd wife, Anne, dau. and co-heiress of Armine ; obt. Stapleford, co. Notts. in 1744. esq. born 23rd March, 1679; sheriff in 1701 ; died 24th June, 1741 ; bur. at Calke. Sir Henry H. of Calke,=Lady Caroline Man- I I bait. M.P. for the city of Worcester in 1744, and for Tamworth the next session. Died June 7th, 1748. ners, dau. of John, 2nd Duke of Rut land; died Novem ber 10th, 1769. John, Edward, mar. Mary, dau. liv. in of Samuel Newton, esq. 1741. obt. 1761, S.P. Crewe, obt. 1724. Anne, obt. infans. Jemima, 2nd dau. ux. of Sir Thomas Palmer, of Carleton, co. Northampton, bart. Catherine, 3rddau,ux.ofSir Henry Gough, bart. ancestor of Lord Calthorpe. Mary, ux. of Sir Lester Holt, of Aston, near Birmingham. hn, Sir Henry Harpur, of=Lady Frances Elizabeth Greville, 2nd Charles Harpur, esq. Caroline, mar. - dau. of Francis, 1st Earl of Warwick 3rd son, major in Major Stewart, and Broke; mar. in 1762; died 6th 38th regmt. of Foot; and had a dau. April, 1825. died 9th July, 1770. Caroline, wife Founder of the Alms of William Houses at TicknaU. Jenny, esq. Jol died , Calke, ba'rt. Mi) P.'for young. Derbysh. in 1761, and sheriff for Derbysh. in 1774; died Feb. 10th, 1789. Sir Henry Crewe, of Calke Abbey, bart. D.CL.; born 13th May, 1765; =Miss Hawkins. took the name and arms of Crewe, in April, 1808, by Royal Sign Man! He died of a fall from his coach-box, at London, 6th February, 1819. Henry, born Sir George Crewe, 30th April, of Calke Abbey, 1792; died 8th bart. bom 1st an infant. of February, 1795. Sheriff of Derby shire in 1821. Jus tice of the Peace, &c living in 1850. =Jane, dau. of the Henry-Robert, =Frances- Rev. Thos. Whit- 3rd son, born taker, of Mend- 14th of Sept. ham, co. Norfolk ; 1 801. Rector mar. 9th Septem- of Breadsall. ber, 1819. Arms (Sable, 5 Mascles, Or.) John Harpur Crewe, born 18th Nov. 1824. Henrietta -Frances Harpur Crewe, born 4th July, 1829, died Sept. 3rd of the same year. Henry Harpur Crewe, bom 30th September, 1828. ' The ancient family of Harpur is traced to the period of the Conquest. Hugo, the son of Richard le Harpur, lived at the time of Henry I. ; and his grandson Roger, who was contemporary with Richard Coeur de Lion, hore a plain cross as his distifcctioD. The son of Roger, Gilbert le Harpur, espoused Hawise, who was heiress of Elmedon and of Chesterton, in the county of Warwick. The grandson of Gilbert, was John le Harpur, who some time early in the fifteenth century married Isabella, daughter of Sir Robert Appleby, of Rushall, in the county of Stafford, knt. Richard Harpur, Serjeant at Law and Judge of the Common Pleas, greatly aggrandized the family, and was the first that fixed at Swarkstone; he married Jane, daughter of sir OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 187 George Finderne, of Finderne, who, by the death of her brother, Thomas Finderne, esq. brought to her husband the manors of Finderne, Swarkstone, &c. Sir John Harpur, knt. the son of the Judge, was High Sheriff in 1 60S ; and Sir Henry Harpur, the grandson of the Judge, was created a Baronet in 1626, by Charles I. and after wards espoused the cause of that monarch, and fortified his house at Swarkstone, which was destroyed by the parliamentarians. The Baronet, who was of Calke, was the third son of Sir John Harpur, and it was his grandson, Sir John Harpur, knt. and bart. who on the death of Sir John Harpur, of Swarkstone, in 1671, succeeded to his large estates. Both branches of the family were great sufferers for their loyalty in the reign of Charles I. (See a List of those who Compounded at page 84, in the Ap pendix.) His son, Sir John Harpur, bart. of Calke, married Catherine, daughter and co-heiress of Thomas Lord Crewe,* of Stene. Sir Henry, the son of Sir John, married one of the daughters of the Duke of Rutland : he was M. P. for Worcester and afterwards for Tamworth. The next Baronet of that name was son of the pre ceding one, and was M. P. for Derby in 1761, and sheriff in 1774. He married the second daughter of the Earl of Warwick. The name of Crewe was assumed by the succeeding Baronet in 1808, by permission, under the royal sign manual. The present Baronet, Sir George Crewe, of Calke, succeeded to the title and estates of the family in 1819, and was high sheriff of the county of Derby in 1821.— Sir George has the inestimable reputation of being a kind and liberal landlord. He is a great encourager of agricultural improvements, and is extensively esteemed for his general benevolence and philanthropy. Sir George is lord of the manors of Arleston and Sinfen, Boulton, Breadsall, Calke, Smisby, Stanton by Bridge, Swarkstone, Tick- nail, Twyford and Stenson, &c. The principal estates of Sir George, consist of 11,000 acres in Derbyshire, and 23,000 acres in Staffordshire, besides the lordship of Hem- mington, in the county of Leicester. — The proprietor of this work has to acknow ledge respectfully, the donation of the two plates of Calke Abbey, which ornament these pages. Calke Abbey, the principal seat of Sir George Crewe, bart. was erected early in the last century by Sir John Harpur, bart. It is a noble mansion, standing in the centre of an extensive park, of which the verdant and well wooded elevations rise on all sides from the Abbey. These elevations afford rich and interesting prospects, and the valleys which intersect them are adorned with Venerable oaks and other ancient forest trees. Few spots exceed this in variety, and wood intermixed with sheets of water is met with amid this charming diversity of hill and dale. Groups of deer, sheep, and cattle enliven the scene. The deer are a fine species of the fallow-deer : the sheep are a peculiar breed, called the Portland, of which notice has been taken in our Agricultural chapter. The house is built of fine freestone, round a quadrangular court : it is large and elegant. In the centre of the south front, two flights of steps lead to the portico, the pediment of which is supported by four Ionic columns. The hall or saloon communicates with the principal apartments ; and is 46 feet in length, 31 in width, and 29 feet in height. This saloon is richly adorned with paintings, cabinets, &c. the former presenting numerous family portraits by eminent artists, and the latter containing an abundance of well arranged fossils, shells, and other natural curiosities. Portraits of Sir George and Lady Crewe are considered to rank among the best productions of Reinagle. There are portraits, also, of the Earl and Countess of Huntingdon, Colonel Harpur, Judge Harpur, of Swarkstone, Sir John and Lady Catherine Harpur, Lady Palmer, Lady Gough, the Duke and Duchess of Rutland, &c. To the right is the drawing-room, the dimensions of which, are 29 feet 9 inches by 20 feet 3 inches. This spacious room is elegantly furnished : the walls are adorned with landscapes and other works of art ; and the sideboards are ornamented with vases of exquisite workmanship, and a costly Chinese pagoda * Crewe, the name of a family, which was so called from the township of Crewe, in Cheshire, where Thomas > tsjfc=JHHft »4 I I > Robert Wilmot, Sir Edward Wilmot, of Chaddesden, heir to= V of Chaddesden, his brother, born 17th Oct. 1693; sometime ** esq. eldest son, Physician General to the Army, and Physician 2 died unmarried, in Ordinary to Queeu Caroline, Frederick • in 1755. Prince of Wales, King George II. and King George III. created a bart. to him and the heirs male of his body, by patent, dated 15th Feb. 1759, 32 George II. ; obt. 21st Novem ber, 178R, set. 93 years, at Herringstone, co Dorset; buried at Winterborne Monckton in that county. ..I ¦Sarah Marsh, dau- and William, 3rd heiress of Richd. Mead, son, was m M. D. by Ruth, dau. of the Navy, Richard Marsh, esq. and died un- J*hysician in Ordinary married. to Ki ng George 1 1 . obt. in 1785, at Herring- stone, aged 83 years; buried at Winterborne Monckton. Elizabeth, ux. of Samuel Davison, A. M. rector of Dalbury, SuBanna, ux. of Lichford, of co. Lincoln, Derby, had an esq. and had only daughter, issue. Robert, 4th son, D. D.= rector of Morley and Mickleover, co. Derby ; appointed Canon of Windsor in February, 1748; mar. at Morley, co. Derby, 7th October, 1746; ancestor of Wil mot Sitwell, of Stains- by, esq. Dorothy, dau. of Simon Degge, of Derby, and of Blithe, co. Staff. esq. by Jane, 2nd dau. of Harvey Staunton, of Staunton, co. Not tingham^ esq. Sir Robert Mead Wilmot, of Chaddesden, bart.=Mary, dau. and heiress of William Wo.let, of Anne mar. 5th February, 1760, to Thomas Heron, Jane_, mar .to Thomas Wil- only son and heir, born in Lincoln's Inn Fields, ¦*¦--' «" *™ **"™- '"s w*fe* <-au- of Newar1' 19th September, 1731 ; married at Repton, co. Derby, in 1759 ; died 9th September, 1793. SESESS il^gSi5i5.S3= BHSP* Kent, bS^T-nKenl. ^'.Uving in HoV" " ¦ '¦-¦¦*.. ' Lucy, 1st ux. ; eldest dau. of Robert Grim- stone, of Keswick, CO. York, mar. March, 1796; died in May, 1812. I I. Sir Robert Wilmot, of-Bridgett,5nd Rev. Edward-Sa— Anne, only Edward, born 6th Mary, born Chaddesden, 3rd bart. born 5th July, 1765; eldest son and heir; High Sheriff in 1803 ; Lieut. Col. of the Der byshire Yeomanry Cavalry, Justice of the Peace, &c. living at Brighton in 1830. wife, relict of cheverell Wilmot, Daniel Craw- 2ndson bornl6th ford, esq. and Sept. 1766; rec- dau.ofHenry tor of Kirk Lang- Holland, esq. ley, co. Derby. mar. in 1817. child of Dr. Dec. 176I, died 10th July Cham- 14th Feb. 1762. 1763; mar. bers, of Richard-Roberts, Stretton, born 11th Sept. co. Derby, 1767, died 2nd esq. Nov. following. Harriet-Sid ney, born in 1785, to Thos. Bar- ret.an officer at Chaddes- in the army. den. 28th Nov. 1768 ; obt. ccel. buried obt. 1787. Charlotte-Sarah,born 30th Louisa, born 8th February, 1771 ; mar. Sir Dec. 1769 ; William Cave ccel. Brown,StrettonDerby, bart. Elizabeth, born 25th'May,1772; mar. Francis _ Bradshaw, of ' of Barton Park, co. co. Derby, esq. Ellen-Frances, born Aug. 1, 1819. Ed'wirdand Fraiicis Sachev- Aith'ur, died Anna Maria, eld- Emma Matilda, mar. Mary Frances, mar. James, both erell, living in in the East est dau. mar. E. ...... Dec. 1829, Henry 7th Dec. 1»J», K«. died young. London 1850. Indies. S. C. Pole, of Dixon, of Edmonton. J s - Radbourn, esq. co. Leicester, esq. John Biddulph, of Frankton, co. War. Robert Roberts Wil- Henry Sacheverell Wil-= mot, esq. eldest son, mot, 2nd son and heir, born 2nd July, bapt. of Chaddesden, esq. 5th September, 179-; born 11th February, died unmarried. bapt. 6th April, 1801, a Justice of the Peace. .Maria, eld. dau. Rev. Richard Coke= of E. M. Mundy, Wilmot, minister of Shipley, esq. of Chaddesden and mar. 13th Dec. Stanley, born 18th 1826. May, baptized 9th July, 1802. Ellen, 2nd dau. Anlaby Mead Edward Wollet of Rev. Kyrle Wilmot, born Wilmot, born Dec. 14, 1S05, bapt. March 26, 1806. JohnWilmot, born May 17, I Erneley Money mar. 3rd July, 1828. August 3, bapt. Nov. 23, 1808* Edmund Wil mot, born Oct. 15, 1809, bapt. bapt. June Aug. 2, 1810. 30, 1807. Lucy-Maria, eldest dau. bom 13th April, 1797, bapt. 28th, mar. in 1821, to Rev. Samuel Rickards, Fellow of Oriel Col lege, Oxford. , T Harriet, 2nd dau. born 17th June, bapt. 17th Sept. 1798, married March, 1819, to Rev. G. Cornish, eldest son of G. Cor nish, of Saltcombe hill, co. Devon, esq. Maria-Lucy, born Nov. 1, 1827, obt. infant. Maria, born December 20, 1828. Robert, born January 20, 1830. aHo oclV, H o K,© to 210 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER Chanderhill, in Brampton. CHAPEL-EN-LE-FRITH is a market town, township, constahlery and exten- chapei-in-the-Forest, sive parish, seated in a deep valley, on the road be- chapei Bowden, tween Manchester and Sheffield, completely sur rounded hy harren and lofty mountains, called South-head, Cohwin and Paisley's, Coombs Moss, Chinley Churn, Eccles Pike, &c. in the archdeaconry of Derby and in the hundred of High Peak. This town is pleasantly situated, heing built on a rising ground ; the houses are chiefly gritstone, of which the surrounding hills are composed. The Nottingham, Sheffield and Manchester coaches pass through the town daily. It is 18 m. S. E. from Manchester, 40 m. N. N. W. from Derby, 20 m. S. W. from Sheffield, 24 m. N.W. from Chesterfield, 6 m. N. of Buxton, 7 m. N. of Tideswell, 14 m. N. of Bakewell, and 166 m. N. N. W. from London. Its name signifies the chapel in the Forest, from the Saxon word frith, a forest or wood. This parish contains four town ships, of which the following forms the enumeration, with the returns of the number of inhabitants in 1801, 1811, and 1821, and the estimated annual rental of all the lands, messuages, and other buildings, in each township. CHAPEL-EN-LE-FRITH PARISH. POPULATION. Acreage. Estimated Annual Rental. 1801. Persons. 1811. Persons. 1821. Houses. Families. Persons. Bowden Edge or Chapel Bowden town- 902 1329 2507 276 107615913042 375 196 333608 79 230361 674 83 10931708 3234 433 4247 17 6 4630 15 0 11935 15 0 2057 2 6 5014 | 6084 1216 | 1348 6468 8000 22,871 10 0 Of the 1348 families, 194 were then chiefly employed in agriculture, 486 in trade or handicraft, and 668 in collieries, lime-works, stone-quarries, on the Peak Forest canal, and in professional pursuits. The manufactories of the neighbourhood are cotton-spinning, weaving calicoes, checks and ginghams, paper-making, &c. A power-loom mill has lately been erected by Messrs. Ashtons at Hyde. The exten sive paper mills at Whitehough belong to Mr. Ibbotson, who has put up expensive machines, from which he has produced a sheet of paper 1000 feet long by 7 feet wide. The market-day is held on Thursday, and fairs, on Thursday before old Candle mas-day, 3rd of March, 29th of March, Thursday before Easter, 30th of April, Holy Thursday, three weeks after Holy Thursday, 7th of July, Thursday after old Mi chaelmas-day, and Thursday after old Martinmas-day. The July fair was formerly noted for the sale of wool. There was formerly a fair on the Thursday before St. Bartholomew's-day, for sheep and cheese. The villages or places included within the four townships are Barmoor Clough, where the Ebbing and Flowing Well (described at p. 32, in the first part of this work) is situate, Bank Hall, Chapel Milltown, Eccles, Ford, Malcalf, Olerenshaw, Pichard Green, Sitting-low, Slack Hall, Tunstead Milltown, Whitehough, New Hyde Mill, Hollins Knowl, Stoddard, Horridge, Sparrow-pit, Black-brook, Rye-flat, Hilltop, Spire Hollins, Marsh Hall, Eaves, Ridge Hall, Shallcross, Rushop, Silk Hall, Far Bradshaws, Tadster, Dove-holes, Thorn, Crossings, Burr-field, &c. The extent of the township of Chapel-en-le-Frith is upwards of 8000 acres of gritstone land, well watered by numerous springs, Black-brook and Randle Car-brook. The land is chiefly grazed, except about 30 acres of plantations and 100 acres of wastes or commons. The tithes are fixed by a modus, at £13. per annum, viz. two- thirds to the lord of the manor, and one-third to the minister. The parochial ex penses have averaged about £1000. per annum during the last seven years (excepting the high-way rate, which is collected separately) viz. the poor and county-rate, con stables' accounts and salaries £910. and church-rate about £100. The parishioners subscribe to Newton, in Cheshire, House of Industry, where the paupers are sent, at a cost of 2s. each, weekly. The pauper-children are apprenticed to farmers and OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 211 tradesmen ; there are 55 cases of bastardy now on the books, and the average of the last twenty years has been 8 or 10 annually. The land is divided among 80 resident freeholders above £10. and 40 under £10. per annum, and many non-resident. The freeholders in Bradshaw Edge, under £10. per annum, are Messrs. Thomas Bennett, John and William Botham, George and Peter Bramwell, James Carrington, Ralph Dane, John Braddock, Joseph Frith, Peter Kirk, Thomas Lomas, William Morton and John Newton. — Above £10. per annum. Edward Barber, Peter Bram well, James Cooper, John and Joseph Ford, Thomas Goodman, of Eccles, esq. John Heginhotham, John Ibbotson, gent. George Hollingshead, John and Elizabeth Lomas, Rev. Samuel Grundy, Peter Lowe, jun. John Mac Knaught, John Orgill, gent. John Potter, John Pickford, George Shepley, James Walton, John Watts, John and Thomas Wyld, William Yates, gent. &c. Freeholders in Bowden Edge, under £10. per annum. Messrs. Thomas, Andrew and Joseph Gregory, Robert Hobson, John Howe, Henry Marchington, John and Thomas Mellor, Thomas Potts and Anthony Shallcross. — Above £10. per annum. Rev. WiUiam Bagshaw, of Banner Cross, Robert Bagshaw, Robert Bennett, Adam Fox, Thomas Bowden, James Carrington, Joseph Hadfield, Henry Kirk, gent. Peter and Henry Kirk, James Hibberson, gent. Henry Lomas, Thomas Marchington, Peter Merrill, Jasper Needham, Joseph Storer, gent. John Wilkinson, &c. Freeholders in Coombs Edge, under £10. per annum. William Bailey, Joseph Green and Amos Potts. — Above £10. per annum. Josiah Bradbury, Stephen Bel- lott, esq. John Frith, esq. Messrs. Edward Dixon, Adam Fox, George Heathcote, Stephen Joule, Mrs. Tomasson, John Vernon, &c. Freeholders in Chapel-en-le-Frith, under £10. Messrs. John Bagshaw, John Hall, George Shepley and James Walton. — Above £10. per annum. Thomas and Walter Gisborne, esqrs. Rev. Thomas Gisborne of Yoxall, William Bennett, gent. Peter Booth, gent, &c. There are two male friendly societies, consisting of 330 members, and one female, of about 1 50 members. Whitehough bridge, repaired at the expense of the county, and 22 public-houses in the parish. The church is a handsome structure, with a square tower, in wliich are six bells ; 212 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER it is dedicated to St. Thomas-a-Beckei. By virtue of a commission, ad quod damnum dated at York the 28th of September, 1317, it is presented, that the Chapel in the Frith was built upon the king's soil, by the inhabitants there dwelling, in the time of Henry III. and was consecrated by Alexander de Savensby, the 45th bishop of Lich field and Coventry, between the years 1224 and 1238. The east end was lengthened some years ago, by Mrs. Bower, whose daughter bequeathed her harpsichord, and £20. per annum for a person to play, and to find coals to air the church. The living, is a donative and a peculiar to the Deanery and Chapter of Lichfield, and is entered in the king's books of the clear value of £16. 16$. 8d. In 1719, Thomas Bagshaw esq. gave lands, then let for £20. a year, now more than treble that sum, to the min-. ister of Chapel-en-le-Frith, for whom a house was built by subscription, in 1721. The living has been augmented by £500. from Queen Anne's bounty, and a parlia mentary grant of £200. The present value of the living is about £200. per an num ; the freeholders are the patrons, and the Rev. Samuel Grundy is the present minister. The church has been recently re-pewed, and the church-yard greatly enlarged. , In the parish register is an entry, which records the preservation of a girl of thir teen years of age, after having been exposed, without food, to the severity of the weather for six days.* Charities. Barber Thomas .... Barber William .... Bowden George .... Bradshaw Francis . Dain Edward Dixon Edward Dixon Mary Frith John Frost Mary Gaskill Francis Gee Francis Gisborne, Rev. Francis Hibbert Thomas Kirk Henry Marshall Thomas Mosley Francis Needham Samuel Parish land Radcliffe, J. B Scholes Elizabeth Suite Dorothy Vernon John Walker William Wood Samuel . Rentcharge £82 Rent charge Ditto Ditto Ditto Ditto £125. one moiety.. Ditto £100 Rent charge- Funds £60. interest . Rent charge (£100. exp. in build- ting central gallery... Rent charge Land at Rushup Ditto Rent charge £52 £20 Rent charge 2 a. 3 r. of land , 2 0 0 4 2 0 2 0 II 0 10 0 0 10 II 1 0 0 1 0 I) 3 2 6 3 2 6 Interest (1 0 0 | 2 0 0 Il 0 0 Il 0 0 1 0 II 5 10 0 0 15 0 5 0 0 /4 10 \4 10 (1 0 0 18 (1 9 10 0 19 0 0 2 0 0 6 0 (1 2 13 4 2 10 0 1 0 0 0 10 (1 4 0 0 (•2 10 0 12 10 0 If 10 0 U 10 0 Poor Ditto Ditto Ditto Ditto Ditto Ditto To put out an ap. Poor To bind out one or more appr Minister Poor of Poor of Poor of Poor Ditto, clothing... To put out an ap, every 4th year ... Put out two appr. Minister Ap. poor children Poor Ditto Minister Poor Ditto Ditto Ditto Ditto Ditto Ditto Ditto Ditto : Minister of. Poor of Will, in 1687. Will, 4th February, 1666. Will, in 1633. Will, in 1635. Will, in 1699. }will, 8th April, 1775. \ Will, 18th Feb. 1755. Will. 16th June, 1718. Bradshaw Edge. Bowden Edce. Coombe's Edge. Will, 1st October, 1679. Will, 1818. Died in 1676. Will, dated 25th Aug. 1731. Will, dated 8th Aug. 1703. Will, 24th January, 1704. Ditto.Ditto. Will, 15th Mav, 1784* Will, Sth October, 1734. Died in 1670. Died in 1730. Bequeathed in 1625. Will, dated 12th May, 1763. Bowden Edge. Chinley chapel. Ditto. SCHOOL.— Mary Dixon, by her Will, bearing date 6th August, 1696, devised a house and 17 a. Ir. 20 p. of arable and pasture land, besides 5 or 6 acres described as brow, wood and clough land, and unproductive. This land is now let for £18. per * " On March 13, 1716-17, one Phcenix, a girl about thirteen years of age, a parish apprentice with William Ward, of Peak Forest, went from George Bowden's house, of Lane-side, about five of the clock in the morning, towards her master's house ; sat down upon George Bowden's part, on Peaslow, between two rutts, and staid that day, and the next, and the Friday, Saturday, and Sunday following, two of which days, viz. the'15tti and 16th, were the most severe for snowing and driving that hath been seen in the memory of man, and was found alive on the Monday, about one of the clock, by William Jackson, of Sparrow Pitt, and William Longden, of Peak Forest, and after a slender refreshment,, of a little hot milk, was carried to her master's house ; aud is now (March 25, 1717) very well, only a little stiffness in her limbs. This was the Lord's doing, and will be marvel lous in future generations. She eat no meat during the six days, nor was hungry, but very thirsty, and slept much." OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 213 kTI' I ^ £}6' W1 t0 the sch°°toaster and £2. to the poor. Robert Kirk gave a piece of land, which now lets for £2. 10,. per annum to the schoolmaster, ^vPl^TJn°r,tlldren ; a1d J°hn MarchinSton, by his Will, bearing date 20th lZrfnf\l?' f ? , nt"*Charge °f 20s Per amura t0 the schoolmaster. In respect of the two first donations above named, nineteen children are taught free. under MrJ DiSs Will °W "^ * *""* » SUpP°Sed t0 be the «*&««» tbPBvSEfNT.E,AD^C H00 ;-Th«e is a small dwelling house and garden in the village of Bowden Head, in this parish, now occupied by a schoolmistress, rent free. The house is stated to have been built by subscription, for the residence of a schoolmaster or schoolmistress, about fifty years ago. The endowment for the sup port of the school kept on these premises is derived from the gift of Mary Bagshaw, who gave £100. and John Frith, who gave £20. to the schoolmaster, the interest of which is now £5. per annum. For this payment the schoolmistress instructs fourteen children, appointed from the neighbouring parts of the parish. 1 here was formerly a Presbyterian meeting-house at Chapel-en-le-Frith, of which James CJegg, who published the life of the Rev. John Ashe, was minister. There is now a meeting-house ofthe Wesleyan Methodists at Chapel-Town-end. Bank hall was the residence of the late Samuel Frith, esq. High Sherifffor the coun ty in 1781, and a Justice of the Peace, who died at an advanced age, in 1828 : and is now the estate of his brother, John Frith, esq. The mansion is situate on a very romantic site, about one mile south-west of the town. *ord hall a seat of the ancient family of Bagshaw, is the property of the Rev. Pedigree of BAGSHAW, of Banner Cross. ARMS. Or, a bugle horn, Sable, between three roses, Proper. CREST. An arm, couped at the elbow, and erect. Proper, grasping a bugle horn, Sable, stringed. Vert. SEAT — Banner Cross, in Ecclesal parish. Nicholas Bagshawe, of WormhilI=Alicia, dau. and co-heir of John and Abney, temp. Henry VI. ; I Hall, of Hucklowe. married in 1449. William Baj of Abney. = dau. of Browne, I of Chapel-en-le-Frith. Nicholas Bagshawe.=Elizabeth, dau. of Humphry Ruggeley, I of Longdon, Staffordshire. Nicholas Bagshawe, of=Jane, dau. of Farewell, Staffordshire, I Robert Lyu- son and heir. acre Edward Bagshawe, of=Elizabeth, dau. of Robert Wormhill, Abney and Hucklowe. Greatorex, of Greatorex in Wormhill. i I ¦ • William.Osmond. Robert.Thomas. Elizabeth Bagshawe, Margaret, died died unmarried. unmarried in I Nicholas Bagshawe,==Isabell, daughter of John. Robert. Ralph. son and heir. j Robert Benbridge, of Wormhill. Henry Bagshawe,=Ann, dau. of John Barker, Geoige. Ann. Alicia. 6on and heir. I of Abney. Robert. Elizabeth. Margaret. Jane, dau. of Robert Oldfield,--; William Bagshawe, of Wormhill, Great=Ellen, dau. of Robert Bag- Robert. ' ut JjlttOn, 111 Till (jjs Well * ~,a*' ' u->~irin.n ti..«, -„j r :»»»» 1 _n -tau -v..-...,.. „j?T>„j,i:„„t^.-. m„.i wife. 1st l Hucklow, Abney and Litton, born 16th August, 1598; died in 1(769. shawe, of Taddington, 2nd wife. 214 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER William Bagshawe,* of Ford, born at Litton, in 1628 ; minister of Glos sop, called the Apostle of the Peak. A nonconformist minister ; buried at Chapel-en-le-Frith,5th April, 1702. Ann, dau. of Peter Bar ker, of Dar ley ; married 16th June, 1650 j bur. 14 th Nov. 1701. John Bag shawe, obt* in 1662, aged 7. Samuel Bag-= shawe, of Furd, mar. 20th April, 16S5; buried at Chapel- en-le-Frith, 11th Decem ber, 1706. Grace, dau.-- of Henry Bright, of Whirlow, co. York, J. =John Bagshawe,1 of Litton and Great HuckJow, High Sheriff for the county of Derby, in 1696; died 4th Novem ber, 1704. ¦Elizabeth, dau. Adam Bag- of Rev. Samuel shawe, of Cotes, of Bridg- Wormhill, ford, co. Not- ancestor of tingham ; died Sir William 30th Sept. 1706 ; Chambers 2nd ux* Bagshawe, of Wormhill, liv. in 1707. Susannah,mar. lit to William Barber, and 2ndly to Edward Ashe, obt. in 1720. 1709, buried at by Sheffield. his Sarah, dm. William B. and co-heir of Huck- of Samuel low, obt. Child, of in Leeds, co. York, Frith,wife, dau. of William Spencer, of Attercliffe hall, esq. mar. at Shef field, 20th April, 1685. Elizabeth, dau. John, Elizabeth B, Nathaniel, «= ,. of Joshua obt. mar. Alex- dau. of Dunne, of At- S.P. ander Had- Robert tercliffe, co. clyffe, of Long- York ; married Fox Den- den. 2ndly to Rev. ton, Lanca- Daniel Clarke. shire. John, died ."rd May, Grace Bagshawe, ¦=¦• Aymer Rich, of 1721, aged 20, S.P. bur. at Sheffield. sis. and heir, obt. j Bull House, co. 29th Sept. 1724. York, eari. Elkanah Rich, obt. Feb. 1724-5, S.P- William Bagshawe,: born at Chapel-en- le-Frith, 4th May, 1686; died 1st Dec. 1756, S.P. ; bur. at Chapel-en-le-Frith. =Mary, dau. of Samuel B. bapt. at= John Wing- Chapel-en-le-Frith, field.of Hazle- 1st January, 1689 ; barrow; died died about four 19th January, years after he was 1754; bur. at married. Chapel-en-le- Frith. John, bapt. at Nathaniel, Septimus, Chapel-en-le- bapt. 31st bapt. 25th Frith, 51st January, May, 1(01. March, 1695; 1696; bur. bur. 10th Oct. 1st April, 1711- 1764. Samuel Bagshaw, Col. of the 93rd=Catherine, dau. of Sir James Caldwell, of Castle Frances, living in 1770, regmt. M. P. for Waterford, bur. at Chapel-en-le-Frith, 22nd Sept. 1762. Caldwell, Ireland, born about 1732; bur. at St. James's chapel, New Road, London, August, 1801. mar Barrol, of Hereford. William, eld. Samuel B. of=> Catherine, John B. late of son, and Ford Hall, dau. of the Oaks, in Richard, 4th esq. born in John Ink- Norton, esq. son.bothobt. 1756; died ster, died by right of his infants. 16th May, at Ford, cousin; bapt. at 1804, S. P. 10th April, Chinley, 11th 1828, aged June, 1758; 67* bur. at Staines, Middlesex, 21st August, 1801, unmarried. Rev. William B. of Banner Cross, near Sheffield and Ford, post humous son, born 6th Jnii. 1763; perpetual curate of Worm hill. Anne, dau. of Samuel Fox- low, of Stave ley, esq. born 10th Febru ary, 1768; relict of Dr. Bedford, Chesterfield. Anne, bom in 1761, mar. Mi chael Newlon, ofCulverthorpeco* Lincoln, esq, died in June, 1811; buried at St. James's ch. New Road, London, 19th June, 1811. William Bagshaw, born Mary-Catherine- Anne, born 2nd=I-lenry Marwood Greaves, of Hesley,esq.3rdsonof Dec. 1803; died 9th April, 1809; mar. 24th Sept. George Bustard Greaves, of Emsall Lodge, Yorfc- Nov. 1818- 1829. shire, esq. ; born February, 1795. The Bagshawe have been a distinguished family since the reign of Henry VI. when they were situated at Abney and Wormhill. Among their members have been found persons eminent for their rank and talents. We find in the Biographical Dictionary a mention of Edward Bagshaw, stated to have been a gentleman of Derbyshire, bred to the law, who, having first taken part with the Parliament, sided with King Charles I. and died in 1662, treasurer ofthe Middle Temple. He was the author of various political, legal, and religious works. Of his two sons, the elder, Edward, was a violent non-conformist and the author of many works of controversy : the younger, Henry, was a Prebendary of Durham, in 1709. He wrote the " Diatribse, or discourses upon select texts against Papists and Socinians" and numerous single sermons.— In the regular lineage we find William Bagshaw, wrio was called the Apostle of the Peak, of Ford and Litton. He was minister of Glossop, but was ejected for his non-con- OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 215 formity, and died in 1702, leaving, it is said, fifty volumes on different subjects, fairly written with his own hand. Of this gentleman we have a full account from the pen of his nephew, Mr. John Ashe, to which few particulars are to be added. Mr. Bagshaw was born at Litton, in the parish of Tideswell. His father, of the same name, had much improved a small inheritance by success in the lead-mines. From his early youth he was attached to religious studies, and opposed successfully the views of his family, who sought to divert his mind to some other pursuit. After a suitable education at different grammar-schools, he was sent to Cambridge, and being admitted of Corpus-Christi college, was under the care of Mr. Boise. His first public labours were at Wormhill, a chapel in his native parish. He had been there but one quarter of a year when a scene of wider usefulness opened upon him. Though only in his twenty-first year, he was chosen one of the assistant min isters of Sheffield, and appointed to the curacy of Attercliffe. He was also domestic chaplain to Colonel John Bright, afterwards Sir John, and consequently, we may presume, resided in the hall at Carbrook. On New Year's Day, 1651, he was or dained at Chesterfield, after the Presbyterian manner; Immanuel Bourne, rector of Ashover, being moderator on the occasion. His orthodox Confession of Faith was afterwards published, with a Sermon of Mr. Bagshaw's ' on Christ's Purchase,' dedi cated to his friends, Mrs. Jane Jessopp and Mrs. Elizabeth South, her sister, then living at Broom hall. Early in 1652, Mr. Bagshaw resigned his connexion with the church of Sheffield. He settled at Glossop, ' the remotest corner of his native county,' where he laboured most assiduously in the ministry, amongst a rude but attached and grateful people. A connexion mutually acceptable was dissolved by the provisions of the Act of Uni formity. Tears testified his people's gratitude and esteem. He had an estate at Ford, in the parish of Chapel-en-le-Frith. To this place he retired, exercising his ministerial functions whenever opportunity was afforded him. When some indulgence was granted to to the Non-conformists, in 1672, he preached more publicly ; and in the uncertain and dangerous times which succeeded, as well as in the more prosperous days after the Revolution, he was most assiduous in what he conceived to be the duty to which the providence of God had appointed him ; and so assiduous were his labours in instructing the people in his own neighbourhood that he obtained the appellation of ' the Apostle of the Peak/ Various societies of Dis senters in the wilder parts of Derbyshire still exist which were first collected by Mr. Bagshaw. His last public sermon was on the death of King William. The next Sunday he was confined to his bed. To a friend who lamented that he saw him unable to ad dress his friends as usual on that day, he observed, ' My silence is a sermon :' and when another expressed his regret that Mr. Bagshaw could not even converse with them at any length, he said emphatically, ' I have spoken to you before.' There are many interesting particulars of Mr. Bagshaw's useful life and peaceful death in the work before quoted ; and also of his manner of conducting public ser vices, in which was something peculiar. A list of his works may also be found, too long to be here transcribed. Popular in their day, they are now forgotten. They are chiefly pieces of practical divinity, and the fame of the practical divine, like that of the physician, can hardly be expected to outlive its century. Of all his works, probably, the only one now enquired after is his little tract ' De Spiritualibus Pecci,' which contains a brief account of several clergymen and other pious persons, his friends, delivered in a simple, natural, and interesting manner. His brother, John Bagshaw, of Litton and Great Hucklow, esq. was High Sheriff for the county of Derby in 1696. Adam, his third brother, was grandfather of El- lena, who married William Chambers, of Hull, M. D. ancestor of Sir William Cham bers Bagshaw, of Wormhill. The great-grandson of the celebrated divine was Colonel of the 93rd regmt. and Member of the Irish Parliament, for Waterford. The present representative of this (the elder) branch of the family, is the Rev. Wil liam Bagshaw, of Banner Cross, near Sheffield, perpetual curate of Wormhill, who married Ann, daughter of Samuel Foxlow, of Staveley,. esq. and sister and heiress of 216 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER General Murray, of Banner Cross, in Ecclesall, co. York, and widow of Dr. Bedford, of Chesterfield, and has surviving, one daughter, married to Henry Marwood Greaves, of Hesley, esq. The Ridge, formerly the seat of another branch of the Bagshaw family, passed in marriage, with the daughter of the last heir male, to Fitzherbert, and by sale, to the father of the Rev. Thomas Gisborne, of Yoxall, who is the present proprietor. Pedigree of GISBORNE, of Derby, Yoxall, Chapel-en-le-Frith and Darley in the Dak. ARMS of Gisborne, granted in 1741. Erminois, a Lion rampant, Sable, collared. Argent ; on a canton, Vert, a garb, Or. CREST. A demi Lion, Ermine, collared, dovetail, Or, and is suing out of a mural coronet, Argent, John Gisborne, of Derby, gent. Alderman=Margery, dau. of and Mayor of Derby in 1659; died 11th, | died 31st July buried 15th Sept. 1689, at St. Werburgh's 1 1664, aged 54. church, aged 87. i John Gisborne, of Derby, gent. born in 1644; died 17th, bur. 20th April, at St. Werburgh's church, 1704, aged 60. I Thomas Gis borne, of Derby, esq. 3rd son, obt. 9th Decem ber, 1760, aged 80. His first wife was Sarah, dau. of George Beardsley, of Derby, esq. obt. S. P. Catharine, dau. and co-heiress of John Fowler, of co. Leicester, gent. She is stated to have had to her fortune her weight in gold. Thomas G. James G. bapt of Derby, 9th May, 1652. esq. uncle Mary, born to Thos. G. 1636. jun. esq. & Dorothy, bapt. trustee in June, 1642. his Marriage Sett. 1715. ¦Temperance, dau. of Robert Packer, of Shellingford, Berkshire, esq. 2nd wife ; Mar. Settlement dated 22nd Dec. 1715. Sarah, bapt. 27th April, 1681, mar. 27th April, 1707, at St. Werburgh's,Derby, Wm. Or toil, of Leicester,gent. Margery, baptized Mar. 29, 1682, Rebecca, bapt. 4th April, 1683. Ann, bapt. April 9, 1684. died 20th Mary, bapt. 12th April,1686. October, 1687. James, 2nd son, bapt. 3rd Decem ber, 1678, bur. 12th May, 1686. Elizabeth, bapt. 19th Aug. 1685, married Nathaniel Edwards, of Derby, M. D. living in 1742. Rebecca, bapt. 18th May, 1695. Samuel, 5th son, bapt. May 29, bur. Sept. 18, 1690. William, 6th son, bapt. October 13. 1692. John Gisborne, of Derby, esq. 1st son, bapt. = Dorothy, June 30, 1675. Will dated 22nd July, 1742. I dau. of ... I Anne, Dorothy, bap-=Thomas Godfrey Catherine,=Coeker unmar. Oct. 5, 1704, in 1742. living in 1742. Lushington, of bapt- Oct. | Sole, Derby, esq, 8. 1706, | esq. dead 1742. James Stevenson L. William. Dorothy. Catherine. Dorothy. Jonn. Rev. James G.=Ann, dau. of Jackson, M. D. and widow of Charles Hen ton, of Lichfield,esq. bapt. 3rd Jan. 1C88. rector of Staveley, co. Derby, and prebendary of Durham, died 7th Sept. 1759, aged 70. Rev. Francis G. about 60 yrs. rec tor of Staveley, co. Derby, died unmarried 29th July, 1821, aged 89 ; a great bene factor to the poor. Thomas, M. D. Fellow of St. John's College, Cambridge, and Physi cian to the King ; some time President of the College of Physicians; died unmar. at Rome- ley hall, near Staveley, in 1806. Jonn G. esq. Gen.< in the army, M. P. in the Irish House of Commons, GovernorofChar- lemont; died 20th Feb- 1778. Dorothy, mar. Samuel Foxlow, of Staveley, esq. to whom she was 2nd wife; left one son, Rev. Francis Frtxlow, now vicar of Elmton. Catherine, mar. Rev. Fletcher Dixon, L.L.D. vicar of Duffield; she died 25th April, 1796. Frederick G. esq. . dau. mar. the Hon Knox. John Gisborne, of Derby, esq. afterwards of Yoxall, co Stafford ;=Anne, dau. of William Bateman, of Derby, Will dated 9th May, 1771; died 15th February, 1779; Will j gent, died 9th March, 1800, aged 68, having proved in Prerogative Court, at Canterbury, 30th March, 1779. had eight children. OF THE COUNTY IF DERBY. 217 Rev. Thomas Gis-=Mary, dau. of Four sons and John Gisborne,=Milicent, dau. of Temperance, wife borne, of Yoxall Lodge, late of St, John's College, Cambridge, Preben dary of Durham, &c. living in 1830. Thomas Bab- one dau. died of Hackney ington, of before their Lane House, Rotheley Father. Darley Dale, Temple, co. esq. Leicester, esq. Edward Saeheve- of Sir Hugh Bate- rell Pole, of Rad- man, bart. married bourn, esq. 4th February, 1786. Elizabeth. = dau. of Palmer,of esq. died at Quorn, co. Leicester, SOthJune, I Thomas G. of=Anne, widow Mary, ux. of Thomas=Sarah Will!am,= Rev. James of Frederick Wm. Evans, John, I Cramer, living a- dau.of G. curate of Duckenfield of Allestree, 2nd son. | broad, Barton. Astley, of esq. jl 1830. Twis- Duckenfield leton. Lodge, esq. of married Oct. Ridge Hall, Chapel-en-le- Frith, esq. J. P. for the co. of Derby. Matthew G.= Francis, I dau. of dead. Walter, of Lydia, mar. Rev. Edmund Robinson, of Thorpe Horridge Green, near Borrough-bridge, CO, York, mar. at House, in Yoxall, 20th Dec. 1824. Chapel. Susan, 2nd dau. obt. 7th June, 1823, aged 7. The distinguished family of Gisborne has been resident in the county of Derby about a century and a half. We find John Gisborne, Mayor of this borough in 1659, from whom the present Rev. Thomas Gisborne, of Yoxall Lodge (a divine, eminent for his poetic and prose works) is the fourth in descent. The branches of this family are numerous and highly respected. We find among them the late President of the College of Physicians, Thomas Gisborne, M. D. who died at Romeley Hall, early in the present century. The Rev. Francis Gisborne, elder brother of the Physician, was, during sixty years, rector of Staveley. He died in 1821, at the age of 89, un married ; and left his property, to the amount of about £60,000. to charitable uses. In his lifetime he transferred £16,167. 13*. id. in the 3 per cent. Consols, to Trus tees, the dividends to be appropriated to the purchasing of coarse Yorkshire cloth or flannel, for the use and benefit of the poor in one hundred parishes or chapelries in Derbyshire. — After certain bequests in his Will, he directed the residue of his pro perty to be divided into three equal parts : one part to the Derby Infirmary, another to the Sheffield Infirmary ; and the third portion to be incorporated with the sum invested in the 3 per cents, for purchasing coarse cloth, &c. for the use of the poor in the one hundred parishes previously designated. — The younger brother of the same branch was General of the army, Member of the Irish Parliament, and Governor of Claremont. Thomas Gisborne, esq. the uncle of these gentlemen, was five times mayor of the borough of Derby, and many years a Justice of the Peace. His brother, John Gisborne, esq. was twice mayor of the borough, and also a Justice of the Peace. Horridge house is the seat of Walter Gisborne, esq. Bowden hall, another remnant of antiquity within this parish, formerly belonged to an ancient and wealthy family of that name, who, as tradition reports, gave to the parish of Chapel-en-le-Frith, the present chancel part of the church, formerly used as a Roman Catholic chapel. This report seems to be confirmed, by the parish being called Bowden Chapel to this day, and by the derivation of the name of the town, wliich probably was so called from this ancient chapel, and the great number of trees which surrounded it : for there is also a tradition that a squirrel could run from Coombs Head to Chinley Head, in which direction the chapel lay, without touching the ground. This ancient mansion is now converted into a farm-house, the property and residence of James Hibberson, gent. Eccles house is the seat of Thomas Goodman, esq. Marsh hall is the residence of John Heginbotham, gent. Bradshaw hall, formerly the property and residence of the ancient family of Brad shaw, is now converted into a farm-hcuse. This ancient mansion, and about 300 acres of land, is the property of their descendant, Humphrey Bowles, esq. 218 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER Pedigree and Account of BRADSHAW, of Bradshaw. ARMS. — Argent, two bendlets, between as many martlets, Sable. CREST. — On a wreath, a Hart, Gules, charged with an annulet Or, and standing under a vine bough, Vert. The family of Bradshaw, according to Lysons, be came possessed of Champeyne park, in Duffield, by marrying the heiress of Folcher, who had married a co-heiress of Champeyne. We find a Roger Bradshaw representative of this county in Parliament in 8 Henry IV. (1407) and Thomas Bradshaw, in 29 Henry VI. (1451). The Heralds' Pedigree begins with John Bradshaw, who, by Cicely, daughter of Thomas Foljamb, had two sons, John and William Bradshaw ; the latter, by his wife, the daughter of Kirk, had Henry Bradshaw, son and heir, 4 Edward VI. he married Elizabeth, daughter of Robert Eyre, and had issue two sons and one daughter, Elizabeth ; John Brad shaw, eldest son, by his wife, Isabella, daughter of John Kinnersley, had a son Richard, who died S. P. William Bradshaw, of Bradshaw, second son, married Margaret, daughter of Christopher Clayton, of Cheshire, and had issue six sons and two daughters. 1. Godfrey. 2. Henry,* purchased and seated himself at Marple, and was ancestor of the Bradshaws of that place, now, 1830, represented by the family of Isherwood. 3." Anthony Bradshaw, of the Inner Temple, London, and Holbrook, in Duffield, who, by his first wife, Griselda, daughter and heiress of Richard Blackwall, had William, Francis, Exuperius, and John ; and by his second wife, Elizabeth, daugh ter of Richard Haughton, had Jacinth, Anthony, Michael, Elizabeth, Felix, Quin- tin, Petronilla, Athanasia, Isadora, Mildred, Brandona, Erasmus, Josepha, Milicent, Cassandra, and Vicesimus, whom Lysons supposes to be the ancestor of Vicesimus Bradshaw, owner of lands in Makeney and Duffield. * The President, John Bradshaw, who passed sentence, in consequence of the parliamentary decision, on Charles I. was the grandson of Henry Bradshaw, of Marple, in Cheshire. We are not aware of the lineage which traces a connexion between this family and that of the poet Milton. Godwin, in his history of the Com monwealth, thus speaks of the President : "An individual, who was rising into eminence at this time was John Bradshaw, the kinsman of Milton. He was bred to the profession of the law, and his eloquence is praised by Lilburn. Milton, who seems to have known him thoroughly, speaks of him in the highest terms; as at once a professed lawyer, and an admirable speaker ; an uncorrupt patriot, a man of firm and intrepid cast of temper, a pleasant companion, most hospitable to his friends, most generous to all who were in need, most peaceable to such as repented of their errors. He appears to have been in great practice as a pleader. In December, 1644, he was appointed high-sheriff of his native county of Lancashire ; and in the close of the present year (1645) he is mentioned with the eminent lawyers by Whitelocke." It is asserted that Bradshaw died, and was buried near Annapolis, in America, and the following inscription has been engraved on a cannon which is placed at the head of his supposed grave. "Stranger, as thou pass, contemplate this cannon ; nor, regardless, be told, that near its base lies the depos ited dust of John Bradshaw: who, nobly superior to selfish regards, despising alike the pageantry of courtly splendour, the blast of calumny, and terror of regal vengeance, presided in the illustrious band of heroes and patriots, who firmly and openly adjudged Charles Stuart, tyrant of England, to a public and exemplary death ; thereby presenting to the amazed world, and transmitting down through applauding ages, the most glorious example of unshaken virtue, love of freedom, and impartial justice, ever exhibited in the blood-stain ed theatre of human action. Oh ! Reader, pass not on, till thou hast blessed his memory, and never, never forget, that, Rebellion to Tyrants is Obedience to God ! According to Crabbe's Historical Dictionary, the President Bradshaw was born at Wibberley hall, in Cheshire, in 1586. He was Chief Justice of Chester also, as we learn from the same authority. He is said to have wnt- ten the following lines, when a youth, prophetic of what happened. Harry shall hire his father's land. And Tom shall be at his command: But I, poor Jack, will do that, That all the world shall wonder at. R. Symonds, in his church notes (in Harleian MSS.) says, Bradshaw, the most impudent lawyer that judged the King to die, was son of a collar-maker, in Chester, and died in November, 1659. OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 219 4. Francis, who had children living in 1625. 5. and 6. John and Richard. 1. EUzabeth, and 2. Margaret. Godfrey Bradshaw, eldest son, was of Bradshaw and Windley, he married Emma, daughter of Anthony Shalcross, of Shalcross, in the county of Derby, and had issue five sons and five daughters. 1. Francis Bradshaw, of Bradshaw, esq. the head ofthe family in 1611, married Ann, daughter and co-heir of Humphrey Stafford, of Eyam, either he or a son of the same name was sheriff in 1 630. 2. Leonard, who had a son of the same name living in 1625. 3. and 5. GeofFery and Henry. 4. Peter Bradshaw, citizen and merchant tailor of London, made his will 23rd May, 1625, devising property at Ulster, in Ireland; Duffield, BonsaH, Castleton, Fer- neylee, Coombs, and Bentley Mills, and other property in Derbyshire, Staffordshire, Leicestershire, and London, and personalty to his wife, Amy Johnson, sister of John Johnson and the Lady Burd, and to his children, Edward, Peter, Francis, Paul, Thomas, William, and EUzabeth. 1. to 5. Anne, Grace, Maria, Bridget, and Ellen, the latter married Ash. Francis Bradshaw, of Bradshaw, esq. who married the co-heiress of Stafford, as above stated, was, it is presumed, father of Francis Bradshaw, of Brampton, in Treeton, county of York, esq. who died 21st December, 1659, and married Eliza beth, daughter and heir of John Vescy, of Brampton, aforesaid, gent, of an ancient family. In Treeton church are many memorials of this family. Francis Bradshaw, of Brampton, son and heir of the last, died 29th December, 1677. On his monument is a brass with the Arms of Bradshaw and Vescy, quar terly. The head of the following Pedigree, John Bradshaw of Brampton, esq. sheriff of Derbyshire in 1717, was probably son and heir of Francis. John Bradshaw, of Brampton, co. York, and some time of=Dorothy, daughter of Anthony Eyre, Eyam, co. Derby, esq. when he was sheriff for Derbyshire, in 1717; Lord of Abney, county of Derby, which he settles on his marriage, 1680. of Rampton, county of Nottingham, esq. marriage settlement 32 Charles II. George Bradshaw, =H.Uen, daugh- Elizabeth, =Joshua Galliard, of Edmonton, esq. a Margaret, great lead merchant, a descendant of obt. 1682. Joshua Galliard, of Edmonton, esq. liv ing 19 Charles II. who was son and heir of Joshua Galliard, esq. of the same place, a Receiver of the Revenue, temp. Charles 1. of Bradshaw, esq. ter of Robert sister and last male heir of Roper, of heiress. the elder branch. East Derby. buried at Doncas ter, ... S. P. Ann, daughter of =Pierce Galliard, of Edmon-«=Elizabeth, 2nd wife, dau. John Galliard, young- Hughes, of London, mer chant ; marriage settle ment, 1742, died about 1777. ton, esq. Lord of Abney, of est son, died 29th April, flee, an eminent Barrister, remarried Wm. Splain, 1745, to whom is a brass died about 1780. esq. Shewas living 1791. in Eyam church. Bradshaw Galliard, esq. son Anne, eldest=Eaglesmith Smith, Mary, youngest=Charles Bowles, of and heir, died S. P. about daughterand I of Langshaw, co. 6ister and co- 1 Ratclitf, co. Middle- 1785. A Poet. co-heiress. Dumfries, esq. heiress. sex, esq. I . Smith, of Annan, esq. Humphrey Bowles, esq. Lord of Bradshaw and Abney, 1830. The whole parish is within the great duchy manor of High Peak, on lease to the Duke of Devonshire. The subordinate or nominal manor of Blackbrook, consists of several estates or smaU parcels of land, which lie in many different villages in this a"d the adjoining parish of Glossop. It formerly belonged to the family of Leigh. The magistrates hold their petty sessions once a fortnight. The Duke of Devon shire, as lessee of the manor, under the Duchy of Lancaster, holds a Court Leet and Court Baron, and a three weeks' court, for the recovery of small debts and dam ages, not exceeding £5. 220 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER Chapel Milltown, in Chapel-en-le-Frith. CHARLES WORTH, a village and hamlet in the parish of Glossop, and hundred of High Peak, contained, in 1821, 161 houses, 164 fami lies, and 1005 inhabitants. This village lies about 3 m. S. W. of Glossop, and 5 m. N. of Hayfield. The houses are built on the acclivity of Charlesworth rock, a name given to the highest ridge of hills in this part of Derbyshire, extending south-east to a considerable distance, being a continuation of freestone and gritstone rocks. This long straggling village has increased rapidly, both in buildings and population, within these few years, owing to the spreading of the cotton business, which gives employ ment to many of the inhabitants. About one mile to the south are the collieries which supply the numerous cotton-mills and villages in the neighbourhood. There are eight cotton-mills, one linen-thread-mill, and the extensive print works of Messrs. Matley and Co. in the immediate neighbourhood ; the latter is on the Cheshire side of the river Goyte. This place had formerly a market on Wednesdays, and a fair at the festival of St. Mary Magdalen, granted, in 1328] to the Abbot of Basingwerk. That monastery acquired considerable landed property in Charlesworth, Chunall and Simondley, in the years 1307 and 1308. There is now a cattle fair held here on the 25th of April. The extent of the township is 1 474 a. 2r. 18 p. of gritstone and coal land, belong ing to the Duke of Norfolk, except 24 a. Or. lp. : about one-tenth is arable, the re mainder is meadow and pasture. The estimated annual value of the buildings and land is returned with Glossop, and the poor rates, &c. are collected by the overseer of Glossop. The average rental of the land is about 15s. per acre. Half the small tithes belong to the duke, and half to the vicar. The chapel at this place belonged formerly to the estabhshment ; and in the Liber Regis it is described as a chapel of ease to Glossop : but more than a century ago it was, by permission of the Howard family, in the hands of the presbyterians. In 1716, Mr. John Bennet left the interest of £20. for the benefit of the presbyterian minister at Charlesworth. The chapel has lately been rebuilt, and it now belongs to the In dependents. For Charities, see Glossop. CHATSWORTH is an extra-parochial hamlet in the parish of Edensor, in the. cSisvorde hundred of High Peak, 2 m. S. of Baslow, 2 m. N.E. of Rowsley, 3^ m. S. E. from Bakewell, 9 m. W. from Chester field, 26 m. N. N. W. from Derby, and 10m. N. by W. from Matlock; esteemed one of the seven wonders of the Peak, for its splendid palace, for nearly three centu ries the principal country seat of the noble family of Cavendish, which has been celebrated by the poet, the historian and the tourist. In Chetesuorde and Langelie, Levenot and Chetel had ten ox-gangs of land to be taxed. Land to ten oxen. This belongs to Ednesoure. William Peverel has the custody of them by the king's order. Five villanes and two bordars have there two ploughs and one acre of meadow. Wood-pasture one mile long and one broad, and the like quantity of coppice-wood. Value in king Edward's time 20s. now 16s. D. B. 295. At the time of the Norman Survey, the manor of Chatsworth belonged to the crown ; and was placed under the custody of William de Peverel. It was for many generations the property of a family named Leche or Leech ; one of whom, named John, was chirurgeon, or, as a medical attendant was termed, at that period, Leech to the king, in the reign of Edward III. From this John Leech descended Sir Roger Leech, of Beaurepoir or Belper, who was Lord High Treasurer of England in the time of Henry V. The brother of Sir Roger was Sir Philip Leech, who was treasurer of the wars of France. This distinguished knight was appointed to main tain a mifitary post at the siege of Rouen. He was also governor of Monceaux and Newcastle, and was sent by the king on a commission with the Earl Marshal to the province of Maine. Raulf Leech was a captain in the van-guard of the king's army, which entered France the 16th of June, 1513 ; and Roger Leech was his pety captain. The male branch of this family became extinct about the middle of the sixteenth century ; but previous to that occurrence, the manor of Chatsworth had been sold by Francis Leech or Leche, who had espoused the sister of the Countess OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 221 of Shrewsbury, to the family of Agard, of whom it was purchased by Sir WilUam Cavendish. The extra-parochial hamlet of Chatsworth chiefly consists of the park, and com prises 1280 a. 1 r. including about 420 a. of wood. The park is stocked with Span ish and South-down sheep, cattle, and nearly 2000 faUow and brown deer. In the summer and autumn months ley cattle are taken into the park, at 2s. per head weekly. The circumference of the park is nearly eleven miles, and it is beautifully diversified with hill and dale, wood and water. Extensive plantations range in masses over the inequalities of the ground. The noble river winds with a serpentine course through the valley. Descending from the lodge at Edensor inn, the mansion appears to great advantage, amid a noble amphitheatre of wood. The foliage near the house is connected with the remote hills by a succession of forest scenery, until it terminates in the rude and barren mountains of the Peak. Many delightful views occur from various points, almost all of which terminate in the surrounding moorland scenery. We copy the following exquisite sketch from Rhodes's Peak Scenery. " Immediately before us lay the river, across whose stream a stone butment or weir has been erected, which damming up the water, expands it into breadth ; it is thence precipitated over this interruption to its progress, where it forms a magnificent cas cade. On a gently ascending ground, about half a mile higher up the river, stands Chatsworth, finely embosomed in ¦ • Majestic woods, of every vigorous green ; ' Stage above 6tage, high waving o'er the hills.' Thomson. " A Uttle on the left is the bridge, backed with broad and ample foliage : cattle re posing in groups on the brink of the river, or cooling themselves in the stream, adorned the foreground ; and the middle and remote distances, which are ornamented with a palace, a bridge, and towers and temples, disclose a scene as rich and as lovely as the fancy of Claude Lorraine ever portrayed when under the influence of his hap piest inspirations. Yet the foreground had more of Berghem than Claude about it : the respective features which constitute the pecuUar charm and excellence of these great masters, were most harmoniously combined ; every part was in character, and the whole was faithful to nature." The following Sonnet, from the pen of Clio Rickman, written at Chatsworth, on an evening in October, may be introduced in this place. I always lov'd thee, and thy yellow garb, October dear I and I have hailed thy reign On many a lovely, many a distant plain, But here, thou claim'st my warmest, best regard. Not e'en the noble banks of silver Seine Can rival Derwent's — where proud Chatsworth tow'rs Reflect Sol's setting rays — as now yon chain Of gold-tipp'd mountains crown her lawns and bowers. Here countless beauties catch the ravish'd view, Majestic scenes, all silent as the tomb; Save where the murmuring of Derwent's wave. To tenderest feelings the rapt soul subdue. While shadowy forms seem gliding through the gloom To visit those again they lov'd this side the grave. Chatsworth House was begun on a much more moderate scale than the subsequent design by Sir WiUiam Cavendish, who, by his marriage with the celebrated heiress of Hardwick, became possessor of a large estate in this county. Before one wing of the intended fabric was raised, Sir WiUiam died, but his widow, who became Countess of Shrewsbury, completed the whole building in a style which entitled it to be ranked among the wonders of the Peak. '* Qualiter in mediis, quam non sperabitur, urbem Attonitus Venetam navita cernit aquis ; Sic improvisa, emergens e montibus imis Attollit sese Devonina Domus." 222 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER As to th* astonishM seaman's startled sight The city Venice midst the waves appears; Unlooked for, thus, midst many a mountain's height The Devouinian Hall its towers uprears. The ancient mansion appears to have been a quadrangular building with tur rets, and when the widow of Sir William became, by her fourth marriage. Countess of Shrewsbury, and was with the Earl, entrusted with the custody of Mary, Queen of Scots, this hall acquired particular interest, as being one of the prisons of that unfortunate princess. In 1570, the unhappy queen was removed to Chatsworth from Winfield, and then resided here for some months. It also appears that she was at Chatsworth in the years 1573, 1577, 1578 and 1581. In the month of October, 1570, Sir William Cecil, afterwards Lord Burleigh, and Sir Walter Mildmay, visited Chatsworth, and remained there twenty days, being employed in certain negociations between Mary and Queen Elizabeth. On the return of Sir William Cecil to court, he wrote to the Earl of Shrewsbury, stating that the queen was willing that her un happy prisoner should sometimes take the air on horseback in the Earl's company, to the distance of a mile or two. In this letter he says, " the Q's Ma'y is pleased yt your L. shall, when yow see tymes mete, suffer y* Quene to take ye ayre about your howss on horsebacke, so your L. be in company ; and not to pass from your howss above one or twoo myle except it be on ye moores." But this indulgence was not long continued, and shortly after the Scottish queen was removed to Sheffield castle, which was her chief residence during the ensuing fourteen years. In 1577, Eliza beth wrote with her own hand to thank the Earl and Countess of Shrewsbury for their hospitable entertainment of her favourite minister, the Earl of Leicester, at Chatsworth. During the civil wars between the parliament and Charles I. the old hall at Chats worth was occupied as a fortress occasionally by both parties. In 1643, it was gar risoned by forces under Sir John Gell, on the part of the parliament ; and in the December of the same year, the Earl of Newcastle, having taken Winfield manor, made himself master of Chatsworth Hall, and placed a garrison in it for the king, un der the command of Colonel Eyre. In September, 1645, it was held for the royal party by Colonel Shalcross, with a fresh garrison from Welbeck, and a skirmishing force of three hundred horse. It was then besieged by Major Mollanus with four hun dred foot, but the siege was raised by the eommand of Colonel Gell, who ordered the Major and his forces to return to Derby. The description of this building, as it appeared during the times of the Stuarts, by Hobbes, translated by Cotton, will be appropriately inserted in this place. — " This palace, with wild prospects girded round, Stands in the middle of a falling ground. At a black mountain's foot, whose craggy brow Secures from eastern tempests all below, Under whose shelter trees axi&Jlowers grow, With early blossoms, maugre native snow j Which elsewhere round a tyranny maintains, And binds crarapt nature long in crystal chains. Thefabrick's noble front faces the west, Turning her fair broad shoulders to the east; On the south side the stately gardens lye, Where the scorn'd Peak rivals proud Italy. And on the north, several inferior plots For servile use, scatter'd do lye, in spots. " The outward gate stands near enough, to look Her oval front in the objected brook; But that she has better reflexion From a large mirror, nearer, of her own. For a fair lake, from wash of floods unmixt, Before it lies an area spread betwixt. Over this pond, opposite to the gate, A bridge of a queint structure, strength and state, Invites you to pass over it, where dry Vou trample may on shoals of wanton fry, With which those breeding waters do abound. And better carps are no where to be found. A tower of an tick model, the bridge foot From the Peak-rabble does securely shut, Which by stone stairs, delivers you below Into the sweetest walks the world can show. There wood and water, sun and shade contend, Which shall the most delight, and most befriend ; There grass and gravel in one path you meet, For ladies tend'rer, and men's harder feet. Here into open lakes the sun may pry, A priviledge the closer groves deny, Or if confed'rate winds do make them yield, He then hut chequers what he cannot guild. The ponds, which here in double order shine, Are some of them so large, and all so fine. That Neptune in his progress once did please To froltck in these artificial seas; Of which a noble monument we finde, His royal chariot left, it seems, behind ; Whose wheels and body moor'd up with a chain, Like Drake's old hulk, at Deptford, still remain. No place on earth was ere discov'red yet. For contemplation or delight su fit. The groves, whose courted brows shade every lake Do every where such waving landskip make As painter's baffl'd art is far above, Who waves and leaves could never yet make move. Hither the warbling people of the air From their remoter colonies repair, And in these shades, now setting up their rests, Like Omar's Swiss, bum their old native nests. OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 223 Tbemuses too jiearch on the bending spraies. But let me lead you in, 'tis worth the pains And in these thickets chant their charming laics; T' examine what this princely house contains: No wonder then if the Heroick song Which, if without so glorious to be seen, That here took birth and voice, do flourish long. Honour and virtue make it shine within. To view from hence the glitt'ring pile above The forenam'd outward gate then leads into (Which must at once wonder create, and love) A spacious court, whence open to the view Environ'd round with Nature's shames and ills. The nab\e front of the whole edifice, Black heaths, wild rocks, bleak craggs and naked hills, In a surprising height is seen to rise. And the whole prospect so informe and rude, Even with the gate-house, upon either hand. Who is it, but must presently conclude A neat square turret in the corners stand ; That this is Paradise, which seated stands On each side plates of ever-springing green. In midst of desaris, and of barren sands t With an ascending pavier-walk between. So ^bright diamond would look, if set In the green plat, which on the right hand lies. In a vile socket of ignoble jet: A fountain, of strange structure, high doth rise. And such a face the new-born nature took, Upon whose slender top, there is a vast. When out of Chaosby tbejiat shook. I'd almost said, prodigious bason plac't; Doubtless, if any where, there never yet And without doubt, the modle of this piece So brave a structure on such ground was set; Came from some other place, than Rome, or Greece, Wliich sure the foundress built to reconcile For such a sea, suspended in the air, This to the other members of the Isle. 1 never saw in any place but there : And would therein first her own grandeur shew, Which, should it break or fall, I doubt we shou'd And then what Art could, spite of Nature, do. Begin to reckon from the second flood. The new building at Chatsworth was projected by the celebrated fourth Earl (af terwards the first Duke) of Devonshire on his retirement from the court of James II. That nobleman, in order to keep his patriotic mind from dwelUng too intensely upon the oppressions of his country, directed his attention to works of architectural taste and magnificence, and resolved to raise a structure worthy his wealth and rank. In this disposition he contracted (says Kennet) with workmen to pull down " the south side of that good old seat, and to rebuild it on a plan he gave to them, for a front to his gardens, so fair and august, that it looked Uke a model only of what might be done in after ages. When he had finished this part he meant to go no further ; tiU seeing pubUc affairs in a happier settlement, for a testimony of ease and joy, he undertook the east side of the quadrangle, and raised it entirely new, in conformity to the south, and seemed then content to say, that he had gone half way through and would leave the rest for his heir. In this resolution he stopped about seven years, and then reas- sumed courage, and began to lay the foundations for two other sides to complete the noble square, and these last, as far as uniformity admits, do exceed the others, hy a west front of most exceUent strength and elegance, and a capital on the north side, that is of singular ornament and service. And though such a vast pile (of materials entirely new) required a prodigious expense, yet the building was his least charge, if regard be had to his gardens, water-works, statues, pictures, and other the finest pieces of art and of nature that could be obtained abroad or at home." It appears from the auditor's account and from a book of the artists' and trades men's receipts, which are now in the possession of the Duke of Devonshire, that the south front of the present magnificent mansion was begun to be rebuilt on the 12th of April, ] 687, under the direction of Mr. WiUiam Talman, an architect of some ce lebrity, the latter end of the seventeenth century. The great haU and staircase were covered in about the middle of April, 1690. In May, 1692, the works were survey ed by Sir Christopher Wren,* at which time upwards of £ 9000. appears to have been expended. In 1693, Mr. Talman was paid £600. in advance for building the east front and the north-east corner, which was finished in 1700, and in that year the old west front was pulled down. The whole of the building was completed soon after the year 1706, which was about 20 years from its commencement. Mr. Talman received upwards of £13,000. for his contract. Artists employed at Chatsworth House. Architect— WiUiam Talman. Painters — Laguerre and Ricard, who were engaged in January, 1689. These two persons were much employed by Verrio, and it is not improbable that they were sent over hy him previous to his own coming. They were paid £190. for their labours at * It is the impression of many that Sir Christopher Wren built two of the fronts of Chatsworth House. 224 HISTORY AND GAZETTEER Chatsworth. Verrio himself did not arrive until November in the following year. He received £90. in advance for ceiUngs to be executed at Chatsworth. Lord Or- ford considered the altar-piece at Chatsworth chapel to he Verrio's master-piece : the subject is the incredulity of St. Thomas. In September, 1692, Verrio had finished the great chamber, stair-case, and altar-piece. He was paid £469. for his work. A Monsieur Huyd was also employed, who appears to have been one of Verrio's assist ants. Mr. Highmore, serjeant-painter to WiUiam III. was also employed; and a painter of the name of Price. Sir James ThornhiU was also engaged, but probably at a somewhat later period, and when he was induced by the paintings of Verrio and Laguerre to enter into their style. He painted the Fall of Phaeton on the back staircase, and in the adjoining anti-chamber, he represented on the ceiling the assembly of the gods. His large pic ture of the rape of the Sabine women covers nearly one side of the same apartment. Perseus and Andromeda, a large .painting which occupies a place to the anti-cham ber of the Duke's dressing room, is by this artist. Ironworker — Monsieur Tijou, a French smith, whose daughter was the wife of Laguerre : he executed the iron balustrades, and received £528. for his work. Plumber — Mr. Cock, of London, delivered a biU for work done of nearly £1000. from which a deduction was made of £236. for overcharge. Carvers in stone — Caius Gabriel Cibber, father of the celebrated author and come dian CoUey Cibber, was engaged in 1687. Two sphinxes on large bases, with orna ments, which are much praised by Lord Orford, were the work of this artist. He carved- several door cases with rich foUage, and many ornaments. On each side of the altar is a statue by him, Faith and Hope. It appears from Gibber's receipts that he was employed, in 1688, to make the statues of Pallas, ApoUo, and a Triton, for which he had £100. In 1690, Cibber made figures for the new fountain, supposed to have been the four sea horses. He received, in the whole, £310.* — J. T. Geeraers- Uus assisted Cibber, and made a sea nymph and other figures, on his own account.— Augustine Harris was engaged in 1688 : he made seven statues for the garden, for which he was paid £44. 18*. 6d. — In 1694, Nost was engaged, and made a statue of Ceres, for which he was paid £30. and two years afterwards, he was paid fifty guineas for a marble figure and a bas-reUef. — In 1696, Davies was paid £24. for a stone statue, and in the year foUowing £130. for three bas reUefs and three heads. — A Mr. Auriol was also employed. Carvers in wood — With respect to the general opinion that most ofthe wood carv ing at Chatsworth was executed by the celebrated GrinUn Gibbons, we shall not offer an opinion of our own, but extract the foUowing portion of a note from Lysons. " It has been of late years universaUy supposed, that most of the carving in wood at Chatsworth was the work of the celebrated GrinUn Gibbons ; but we do not find the least trace of his having been employed there at aU. We find, indeed, in the au ditor's account, an item of the sum of £14. IS*, paid to Henry Lobb, the carpenter, for cases which conveyed some carved work, statues, and pictures from London : and it is possible that this carved work might have been from the hand of Gibbons; but we find no memorandum of any money paid for such a purchase. It may be sup posed that the principal contractor for the carving might have employed the chisel of Gibbons in London. If none of the carving at Chatsworth be the work of Gibbons (and the presumption is certainly against it, whilst there is no proof for it) the con sequence is, that the art of carving exquisitely in wood was not confined to so few hands as generaUy hatb been supposed. The name of Thomas Yourig, who was cer tainly during three years the principal carver in wood, is not mentioned by Lord Or- » In a volume of the Artists' Receipts, now at Hardwicke, is the following memorandum of Gibber's prices, in his own hand ; he says, that the rates he had, at my Lord Kingston's were : " For two figures in the pedi ment, each of them having four ton of stone in them, £70. for one, and for both £140.; for one round statue, having a boy upon its shoulder, £60. ; for four statues which were not wrought round, £42. 10s. Od. per statue; for two dogs, £8. a piece ; for 12 Cassar's heads, £5. per head ; my Lord did after this pay for my board, and wine for me and my man. And then I did two sphinxes at £10. a piece, having in them but three-fourths of a ton. For two statues as big as the life, I had £35. a piece, and all charges borne, and at this rate I shall endea vour to serve a nobleman in freestone." OF THE COUNTY OF DERBY. 225 ford, nor those of Lobb, Davies, or Lanscroon : the latter, or a person of that name, is mentioned as a painter. The slight mention that is made of Watson is erroneous. It is remarkable that no writer, before Lord Orford published his Anecdotes of Paint ing, &c. ever spoke of the works of Gibbons at Chatsworth. Dr. Leigh, who gave a particular description of Chatsworth in 1700, soon after all the principal apartments were finished, speaks of the works of Verrio, but makes no mention of Gibbons ; nor does Dr. Kennet, when describing Chatsworth in his Memoirs of the Family of Cavendish. J. Mackey, who published a Tour through England (the result of actual observation) in 1724, quotes Leigh, and makes no mention of Gibbons, which seems to intimate that the carving was not then shown as his work. It is no improbable supposition that Lord Orford, when he visited Chatsworth, seeing those exquisite pro ductions of the chisel, so nearly resembling the well-known works of this artist at Windsor and elsewhere, concluded that they must be the work of Gibbons, of which, indeed, there appears then to have been a tradition. ' At Chatsworth,' (he observes, in the Anecdotes of Painting) ' are many ornaments by Gibbons, particularly in the chapel: in the great antechamber are several dead fowl over the chimney, finely exe cuted; and over a closet-door a pen, not distinguishable from real feather.* When Gibbons had finished his works in that palace, he presented the Duke with a point cravat, a woodcock, and a medal with his own head, aU preserved in a glass case in the gaUery.' " The carvings in wood at Chatsworth are in the highest style of excellence : they consist in representations of dead game, fish, flowers, sheUs and trophies, variously composed and distributed. Whether they were in part or not the work of the emi nent Gibbons, we may observe, with Horace Walpole, " that there is no instance of a man before Gibbons who gave to wood the loose and airy lightness of flowers, and chained together the various productions of the elements with a free disorder natural to each species." It is certain that much of this beautiful carved work at Chatsworth was executed by Watson, who studied under Mr. C. Oakley, of London. Samuel Wat son was a native of Heanor, in this county, and was engaged jointly with Lobb and Davies, to execute the ornaments of the state apartments. He was the friend and associate of Sir James Thornhill, who painted his portrait, which is now in the pos session of Mr. White Watson, of Bakewell. It is stated that he was to have a third part of the work in the great chamber, the ornaments of which were carved in Ume- tree, in conjunction' with Young and Joel Lobb, and that the whole payment was £400. He received very liberal prices for aU his works, as may be seen by certain items from the original accounts, with the inspection of which we have been favoured by Mr. White Watson, the grandson of this eminent carver, who is in possession of the drawings and designs from which the carvings were made. These are contained in a folio book, entitled Designs, Agreements, and Bills of Carved Work executed at Chatsworth by Samuel Watson, from 1690 to 1712, &c. &c.