A BIOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF ENGLAND, FROM THE REVOLUTION TO THE END OF GEORGE I's REIGN; ' BEING A CONTINUATION OP THE REV. J. GRANGERS WORK: ^CONSISTING OF CHARACTERS DISPOSED IN DIFFERENT CLASSES, AND ADAPTED TO A METHODICAL CATALOGUE OF ENGRAVED BRITISH HEADS j INTERSPERSED -WITH A VARIETY OF ANECDOTES, AND MEMOIRS OF A GREAT NUMBER OF PERSONS, Not to be found in any other Biographical Work. Xhe Materials ieing supplied by the Manuscripts left by Mr. GRANGER, and the Collections of the Editor, THE REV. MARK NO RLE, F.A.S. of London and Edinburgh. Rector of Banning in Kent, and Domestic Chaplain to the Earl of Leicester. VOL. III. LONDON: PRINTED FOR W. RICHARDSON, STRAND; DARTONAND HARVEY, GRACI&HURCH-STRBET J AND W. BA1NBS, 1'ATERNQSTER-ROW. 1806. ERRATA Page 15 line T, for served, read saved. 23 — 5, /or Golden's raid Goldney's. 29 — 4, /or confident read confidant. 36 — 20, for Ossalstan read Ossulston. 38 — 7 , for had read has 39 — 6, from the bottom, for Sewin read Irvin 41 — 15, a comma after army, only 48 — 16, dele a 68 — 17, for archdeanery read archdeaconry 11 — 9, add of 92 — 16, for Mainingham read Manninghaa 160 — 6, add old 161 — last line, for varying read veering 116 — 16,/or Haurenhasen read Herenhausen 208 — 14, from the bottom, after bishops add castle 219 — 8, for Jebb read Jubb 239 read 238, line ten from the bottom, for Woodliouse read Wodehouse. 240 — 18, for Dr. read Mr. 252 — 5, for Tunsall read Tunstall 261 — 11, for amicable read amiable 279 — "I, for T. Jenkins read F. Hayman 282 — 4, for R. read B. Wilson, ad vivum pinxit, et aqna forti incidit. 310 — 4, from the bottom, for suffered read suffused 317 — 9, ditto,/or Dying read Christian 328 last line but one, for Loughborough read Luxborough '334 — 4, for Pierce read Pearce 373 — 4, from the botto m,for goveror read governor 408 — 3, for pantry read parting 413 — 9, for Delamer read Delavrar lb. — 7, from the bottom, for inserted read inscribed 421 — 3, ditto, read Hervey 461 — 8, ditto, for Oxburg read Oxburgh 410 — 17, for dreadfuld read dreadful Ib. — \l,fromthebottom,forTryeT read Fryer 491 first note, a comma after nostrarum, dele the comma after student. THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND, CLASS I. THE ROYAL FAMILY. GEORGE I. began his reign August 1, 1714. G. rEQRGE I. with Mr. Addison's verses to Sir God frey Kneller on his picture, la. obi. Rickham sc. George I. with trophies, 4eto. G. Rickham sc. George I. profile, fol. Kneller p. Chereau sc. George I. with Mr. Daniel's poem on his return, fol. Clark sc. 1720. George I. in armour, mez. J. Fabersc. 1714. George I. in armour, mez. Kneller p. Faber jun. sculp. George I. in robes, oval, mezzot. D. Stevens p. J. Faber sc. 1722, George I. oval, Mars, Mercury, and other emble matical figures, 8vo* J. Cole sc. George I. 8vo. Hirseman'p. M> Vr. Gucht sc. George I. wh. len. sitting, in his robes, mezzot: J. Hirseman p. J. Gole sc. George I. fol. Gribelin, jun. sc. George I. with " Wisdom, Religion, Justice, and " Moderation," fol. Vr. Gucht sc. Vol. III. B . George THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. George i. class- i. George I. with a view of the navy., Mo. Rarton p. Vr. Gucht sc. George I. wh. len. Svo. Vr. Guclit sc. George I. supported by Minerva, \2mo. Vr. Gucht sculp. George I. la. fol. G. Kneller p. P. Gunst sc. George I. fol. P. Gunst sc. .George I. G. Kneller p. J. Houbraken sc. George I. 4to. mez. F. Kyte sc. George I. D. Lockley sc. George I. 1733, Fountaine p. G. Monguibeii sc. George I. wh. len. fol. G. Mynde sc. George I. mez. Kneller p. P. Pelham sc. 1720. George I. la. fol. Picqrt sc. George I. Mo. Picart sc. George I. with emblems, S. F. Ravenet sc. George I. Des Rochers sc. George I. mez. P. Schenck sc. George I. mez. Kneller p. J. Smith sc. 1715. George I. oopy from Smith, John, Ryolt sc. 1761. George I. \2mo. J. Sturt sc. George/ I. with emblems, prefixed to was father of Augustus Henry, the third and presentDuke of Grafton, from whom the writer of this article has had the honour of receiving many favours. JOHN CARTERET, Earl, Granville, in an oval frame, vignette, la. fol. V. Smitson p. T. Major sc \757. John Carteret, Earl Granville, a small oval, with ornaments, prefixed to Dr, Taylor's « Demosthenes," John THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. g3 GEORGE I. CLASS. II. John Carteret, Viscount and Baron Carteret of Hawnes, Earl Granville, Lord President of His Ma jesty's Most Honourable Privy Council, 8vo. in an oval of Coronets of different ranks. P. Mazell sc. in Golden's " Friendly Epistle to the Deists," Lon. 1760. John Carteret, Earl Granville, when Lord Car teret, oval, mez. G. Kneller p. P. Pelham sc. John Carteret was born in 1690, and succeeded his father, George, Lord Carteret, when only four years of age. Hisl mother, Grace, youngest daugh ter of John Granville, the last earl of Bath of that family, was created, December 17, 1704, Vis countess Carteret and Countess Granville, with re mainder to this nobleman, who seemed born with abilities to make his titles truly illustrious. To ele gance of person he added all the accomplishments of the scholar and the gentleman. The dead lan guages were perfectly familiar to him; and he also spoke French, Italian, Spanish, and High Dutch, fluently, and wrote them grammatically. The earl was early initiated in the mysteries of politics; and George I. found him one of the brightest ornaments of his court,, and one of the few of his new subjects with whom he could converse in his native language : a cir cumstance that made him extremely agreeable to His Majesty. In the struggle for power Lord Carteret for a long time firmly supported himself against the division of the whigs, headed by Townshend and Walpole; and he was sent as lord lieutenant, to appease the discontents which at that period prevailed amOng the Irish : but he failed, by his attempt to introduce the beautiful coinage of halfpence and farthings, for which Wood had received a patent. Wood, though , of no good character, was by no means faulty in that C4 . affair, 24 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS III. " affair, yet was ruined by it, and Carteret was re called; but he triumphed over Walpole in the end, as, he obtained the office of secretary of state, on the disgrace of that minister. He filled several offices in the state, in the reign of George II. with great ability, being equally qualified to shine in the home and foreign departments; and he gained great reputation as an ambassador, particularly in conciliating the north of Europe. When he trusted to others he was often deceived in his ex pectations, by their misrepresentations. At length the Duke of Newcastle supplanted him, as he had Walpple; but he retained great influence till his death, which happened January 2, 1763. He had succeeded, by his mother's death in 1744, to. the earldom of Granville; and was succeeded bv Robert, his only surviving son, whom he had by the only daughter of Sir Robert Worsley, Bart. He had, besides, four daughters. By Sophia, daughter of Thomas, Earl of Pomfret, he had no issue. There were few peers who received equal attention in parliament. To the knowledge of ancient jurisprudence he added that of the poli tics of modern Europe; and he well knew how to display his great fund of information and his deep penetration, by a dignified and commanding flow of words. He was, perhaps, a little too fond of me taphors; but he raised the senatorial dignity to a great height, and adorned it with all the powers. of elocution. His lordship was, at the time of his death, president of the council, knio-ht of the garter, and a governor of the Charter-House*. * r.hc !?! * L°rd °rfor<1 ha* g^en us a poetical « Portrait" of I nrd r™ v&.72£ pis.0" and manne,s are ver>- *•«*? K4F S CLASS THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. ..,-„ — : ... ... .... ^ , » , ,„,__,,, GEORGE I. CLASS III, CLASS III. PEERS. DUKES. JOHN MANNERS, Duke of Rutland, wh. length, since reduced, sh. mez. C. Jervas p. J. Faber sc. John, the eleventh earl, and third duke of Rut land, was born October 21, 1696; and succeeded to his titles, and the lord lieutenancy of the county of Leicestershire, in 1720, at his father's decease. The following year he was elected a knight of the most noble order of the garter; made a privy counsellor in 1727; and appointed chancellor of the duchy of Lancaster, which he resigned in 1736. The duke had no part in ad ministration till 1755, when he received the office of steward of the household, and the appoint ment of lord justice of Great Britain: in the following year he became a governor of the Charter-House. His present majesty, George III. made him a privy counsellor, and steward of the household, and afterwards master of the horse. His Grace died at his seat at Knightsbridge, May 29, 1779, aged 83,' leaving his hereditary honours to his grandson Charles, son of the gal lant John, Marquis of Granby, whom he had by Bridget, only daughter and heir of Robert Sutton, Lord Lexington. The duke passed great part of his time at his seat of Belvoir Castle, where he was highly beloved, surrounded by his numerous family and friends, having no ambition to appear much in political life. His lady died June 16, 1734. PHILIP 26 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS III. PHILIP WHARTON, Duke of Wharton, prefixed to his " Works," 1731, 12mo. Michael Vr. Gucht sc. Philip Wharton, Duke of Wharton, with a pro test against the Rill for inflicting pains and penalties on Francis, Lord Bishop of Rochester, mez. C. Jer vas p. Overton exc. Philip Wharton, Duke of Wharton, mez. C. Jer vas p. Simon sc. Philie Wharton, Duke of Wharton, ermine robes, prefixed to his " Life," 1732, 8vo. C. Jervas pinx. G. Vertue sq. This " soul of whim," blessed with every pos sible advantage of birth, rank, and fortune; the brightest genius, improved by learning; and the finest form; terminated an eventful life in obscu rity and disgrace. His profligate father, the marqui^ died in 1715, when Philip had just left the care of his travelling tutor, to return to Bri tain, where the blaze of rank that burst upon him, so turned his brain, that he never afterwards was the same man for twelve hours together. Educated in the strictest whig principles, he hated toryism ; and his speeches in parliament were, by turns, wonderful efforts of good sense and folly: which was demonstrated in his attack upon Walpole, and his defence of Dr. Atterbury. " King George, who had received many services from his father, endeavoured, by every possible care, to engage and retain the son in his interest and service, by raising him to the title of Duke of Wharton ; but though qualified to grace even this rank, he chose to forfeit all his fortunes, Without forming any regular plan for his public conduct. Proscribed at home, he fled to France, where lie acted the part of a maniac, rather than that of a man of understanding; and received from THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS III. 27 from the court of St. Germains the empty title of Duke of Northumberland, with the order of the garter: though in his heart he despised the unfortunate, weak prince, whose cause he espous ed, and even openly ridiculed him. Thence he went to Spain, where he arrived at the height of extravagance: not only in serving against his country at Gibraltar, but by facing the British cannon balls, as if he had known himself to be invulnerable. His commerce with women, con tinued inebriety and smoking, at length so un dermined his constitution, that he became con vinced death had other instruments besides gun powder, lead, and iron; 'and, to avert his fate, he went to some chalybeate waters in Catalonia, where nature revived. But falling from his horse in one of his frequent fainting fits, he was carried to, and charitably received at, a small convent of monks of the order of St. Bernard, situated in a wretched village, in which he died. May 31, 1731; and was buried by the community, in the same coarse and simple manner they inter the brethren of their order. A fiat stone marks the spot; but the inscription, though short, is almost illegible through neglect, as I have been in formed by a traveller, who had some difficulty in tracing it. Thus perished, unlamented, at the early age of 32, the wise, witty, but unprincipled Duke of Wharton, who, from his versatility of genius, and want of moral feeling, was alike able and willing to outbrave the inmates of a brothel or a night cellar; or, acting in his proper sphere, •" Th'applause of list'ning senates to command." His family, long the pride of the north, became extinct at his decease, as he left no issue by either of his alliances: the first of which was with the daughter of Major-general Holmes, whom he pri vately 28 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE 1. CLASS III. vately married. But his ill usage of this lady sent her to an untimely grave; yet, if we may believe the poet, he at once adored, was jealous, aiid neglectful of her : -to' " A tyrant to the wife his heart approv'd, " A rebel to the very king he lov'd." His last duchess was Miss Obern, a young lady of Ireland, and maid of honour to the Queen of Spain; she survived him many years, continuing a widow, and living in great privacy, in London, upon a small pension which she obtained from the Spanish court. Wharton is supposed to have been the Lovelace of Richardson's Clarissa; and - the characters certainly agree in some traits of profligacy. Swift supposes, in his " Inquiry," that the duke would not have given a shilling to have had it in his choice, whether he should be represented to future ages as an Atticus or a Ca- taline; but this, it is presumed, is rather wittily than wisely said: for, sending his manuscript tragedy of Mary Queen of Scots as a present to a friend, His Grace finished his letter with these beautiful lines of Dryden to Congreve : " Be kind to my remains; and oh, defend " Against your judgment, your departed friend! ">Letnot th' insulting foe my fame pursue, r -- ...t" .p.T-r i issue, William attd Robert, the second and third dukes of Manchester: and Ann; Dodington; Eli zabeth; and Charlotte, who married P. Viscount Torrihgtoh : the others died single. DodingCOn^ the second daughter, unhappily perished by art accidental fire at her hptlse in lower Brook-street, London, January 8, 1774, aged 80. The duke is said to have been " of greater application than " capacity; of good address, but no elocution; " was very honest; a lover of the constitution " of his country, which he took pains to under* " stand and serve: was of a middle stature; well "shaped; with a very beautiful countenance, " and fair complexion." JOHN BRYDGES, Duke of Chandos, when Earl of Caernarvon, mez. M. Dahl p. Simon sc. John Eridges, by descent Baron Chandos-, sue* ceeded his father in that title in 1714, but had sat" in the House of Commons from 1695. As he disliked William III. he obtained no employment during his reign, nor much notice in' that of Queen Ann, till 1707, when he was made a memberOf the coun cil to George, Prince of Denmark, for naval affairs, and afterwards paymaster-general of all the British forces abroad; but, on _the accession of George I. he rose very rapidly in political consequence, and still more in dignity. On the 19th of October, 1714, the king advanced him to the title of Viseotint Wilton and Earl of Caernarvon; and, April 30, 1719, to the rank of Marquis of Caernarvon and Duke of Chandos. His Grace possessed a princely mind, and actually expended 200,000*. hi build ing Canons, in Stanmore-Parva, Middlesex, whtere he lived with a splendour to which no other sub ject had ever aspired. However, it was generally supposed the means were not adequate-tb the ex penditure; THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 31 GEORGE I. CLASS III. penditure; but the public were deceived, and the bills of the tradesmen were regularly discharged* This great, wise, and fortunate peer died, August 9y 1744, and was buried at Stanmore-Parva, or Whit church, where there is a magnificent monument to his memory, in a chapel paved with marble over the vault. His effigies are represented as large as the life, in a Roman dress, between his two first wives. His epitaph is, by his express desire, extremely modest; as if he had, in life, been satiated with grandeur. By his first mar riage, with Mary, daughter of Sir Thomas Lake, of Canons, he had issue, Henry, his successor. His second lady was Cassandra, daughter of Sir Francis, and sister to Thomas Willoughby, Lord Willoughby ; and the third was Lydia Catherine, the daughter of John Vanhattem, and Sir Thomas Davall, M.P. who brought the duke 40,0OOZ. The earlier parts of the duke's manhood was spent in reflection and observation; his middle' age in business, honourable to himself and ser viceable to his country ; and his advanced years in " patience, resignation, and piety." His libe rality was equalled only by his generous forgive ness of injuries. Pope disgraced his muse by the sarcastic wit he levelled at the duke; which the public resented, and the poet meanly dis claimed the application: this no one believed; and Hogarth punished " the note of interroga- " tion," by representing the bard of Twicken- - ham not only white-washing Burlington-House, but bespattering, the duke of Chandos' carriage as it passed. The poet, however, was prophetic in his lines respecting the short-lived magnifi cence of Canons: ec Another age shall see the golden ear " Embrown, the $lope, and nod on the parterre; T " ' - lf Deep 32 THE HISTORY QF ENGLAND"; GEORGE I. CLASS III. " Deep harvests- bury all his pride has planri'd4 " And laughing Ceres reassume the land." That, stately palace has been destroyed; and was . sold, piece meal, by auction, in 1747*. But it re-> quired no prophet to predict this. What suc cessor would have disposed of his wealth with equal management ! None are so liberal as the prudent. Thus Chandos opened his purse to patronize learning, and merit in every other pur suit. A clergyman, much esteemed by the duke, was one day viewing the library at Canons: — " Please, Sir, to fix upon any book you like, and, " it shall be yours." The gentleman chose one, politely, of no great price; afterwards, on turn- ' ing over the volume, he found a bank bill of con siderable value, between the leaves, which His Grace had placed there. Greatly surprised, he returned it with the book. His Grace received the bill, but gave in exchange one of double the value, saying, " Accept that, Sir, for your ho- , " nesty." This was worthy the " princely Chan- V'dos." EARLS. JAMES STANLEY, Earl of Derby, H. Win- slanley p. Vr. Gucht sc. James Stanley, Earl of Derby, robes, laced neck cloth, mez. H. Winstanley p. P. Pelham sc, 1726. James Stanley, a younger son, and tenth earl of Derby, was elected for Preston, in the conven tion parliament of 1688-9; and for the county of Lancaster, in those following, as long as he continued a commoner. Joining in the Revolu- rJlif T*S ?"'te the r.^e of fllat day' t0 *se a fashionable expression of the present, to buy something. at Canons; and hardly an attendant at the sal. went ay ay empty-handed, so numerous and so various were the lots. tion, THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 33 GEORGE I. CLASS. III. tion, and fo»d of his military profession, he served under William III. in Flanders; rose to be lieutenant-colonel; and commanded the 16th regiment of foot. The king appointed him a groom of the bed-chamber; and, on his brother's decease, in 1702, he became Earl of Derby, when he resigned his situation in the army. Queen Ann constituted him lord lieutenant of North Wales and of the county of Lancaster, and vice-admiral of the latter; made him a privy counsellor, and chancellor of the duchy of Lancaster. But he lost most of those offices at the change of the ministry in 1710, and regained several of them after the accession of George I. and was, besides, appointed captain of the yeomen of the guard to that prince, and custos rotulorum of Lanca shire. The earl died at Knowsly, September 1, 1735-6: He married Mary, daughter and sole heir of Sir William Morley, of Halnaker in Sus sex, K.B. born September 8, 1667, who died at Chichester, March 10, 1752; "and was, by her own desire, buried at Boxgrove in Sussex, with her relations. Their only chill, William, died an infant, and the earldom of Derby went to a distant branch of the Stanley family;, but the lordship or sovereignty of the Isle of Man, and the barony bf Strange, went to the Duke of Athol, who Was descended, from a daughter of the good- and great, but unfortunate Earl of Derby, who distinguished himself so much in the civil wars, and finally sealed his loyalty with his blood, upon the scaffold. THEOPHILUS HASTINGS, Earl of Huntington,' unfinished, in the « Kit Cat Club, mezzot. Kneller p. Faber sc. 1733. Theophilus Hastings, the ninth earl of Hun tington, succeeded his half-brother, GeOrge, who Vol. III. D died 34 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS 111. _^ died unmarried, in 1704-5. " If respect was due " to his birth, his life deserved it more. If he " derived his title from a long roll of illustrious . " ancestors, he reflected back on them superior " honours. He ennobled nobility by virtue." .After receiving private tuition at home, the young lord was sent toOxford, where he was placed under the care of Dr. Martin Benson, afterwards the pious and learned Bishop of Gloucester. Informed, by his studies, of the characters and events of past ages, he acquired a knowledge of the men and manners of his own, by visiting France, Italy, and Spain. No man better understood the true con stitution of the British government; nor had any one taken a more comprehensive view of our real interests, domestic and foreign. "Capable of " excelling in every form of public life, he " chose to appear in none. His mind fraught " with knowledge, his heart elevated with senti- " ments of unaffected patriotism, he looked " down, from higher ground, on a low level of a " futile and corrupt generation; despairing to " do good, he mingled as little as his rank per- '¦' mitted in national affairs." Indeed, only one instance is mentioned of this peer having acted in a public capacity, which was carrying the sword of state at the coronation of George II. The earl died of an apoplexy, October 13, 1746, in the 50th year of his age; and was buried in the church at Ashby de la Zouch, where there is a 'monument to his memory. Though " home is ' the refuge of a wise man's lifr," arid " home ( was the refuge of his," yet Lord Huntington's rank and station demanded' the exercise of more active duties. His lordship married Selina, se cond daughter, and one of the co-heirs of Wash ington Shirley, Earl Ferrers* with whom he ap pears to have experienced every conjugal hap piness.. THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 35 GEORGE I. CLASS III. pines§. This lady was the ardent patroness of irtethodisin, and may be said to have been the spiritual spouse of the Rev. Si Wesley. The Countess had many children by Lord Huntington. Francis, his eldest son, succeeded him, as tenth earl, who dying unmarried, the family titles be came extinct. It was to this last nobleman that Dr. Akenside, in 1747, addressed his celebrated ode, beginning : " The wise and great of every clime/' &p. HENRY CLINTON, Earl of Lincoln, with Tho* mas Pelham, Duke of Newcastle, in the "Kit " Cat. Club," sh. mez. G. Kneller p. J. Faber sc. Henry Clinton, the seventh earl of Lincoln, succeeded his father in 1693; and was appointed a gentleman of his chamber, by Prince George, of Denmark, and, as such, attended the obse quies of His Royal Highness: but, dissatisfied With the conduct of the queen's ministers, he re tired from court during the four last years of her ¦ reign. At the accession of her successor he was appointed master of the horse to the Prince of Wales, and soon after a lord of the bed-chamber to the king; constituted paymaster-general ; made a privy counsellor, knight of the garter, lord lieutenant of the Tower Hamlets, constable of the Tower, and cofferer of the household. George II. appointed him lord lieutenant and custos rotulorum of Cambridgeshire, a lord of the bed-chamber, and a privy counsellor; and, at the coronation of those monarchs his lordship bore the pointed sword. In addition to these high preferments, Arthur Herbert, Earl of Tor- rington, the disgraced admiral of the reign of William III. from respect to his , integrity and firmness, left him the principal part of his great D g estates. Sq THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS III. estates.. The Earl of Lincoln married Lucy* daughter of Thomas; Lord Pelham, and sister to Thomas, Duke of Newcastle, which event paved the way for the ducal honours centering in his son and successor, Henry. His lordship died November 7, 17^8, aged only 44; but his coun tess survived till July 20> 1736. JOHN CECIL, Earl of Exeter, when Lord Bur leigh, wh. len. mez. Wissingp. Stnith sc. 1686. John Cecil, sixth earl of Exeter, was a member of the House of Commons for Rutlandshire, in 1695 and 1698, when Lord Burleigh; but took the oaths, and his seat in the Upper House, upon the death of his father, in 1701; after which he was appointed, December 11, 1712, lord lieute nant of the county he had before represented in parliament. The earl died, December 24, 1721, and was buried with his ancestors, at Stamford. He married Arabella, daughter of John Bennet, Lord Ossalston, who dying without issue, in Au gust, 1698, he re-united himself to Elizabeth, eldest daughter and co-heir of Sir John Brown- low, of Belton in Lincolnshire, Bart. The chil dren of this marriage were five sons and . one daughter: John and Brownlow, the two eldest sons, became, successively, the seventh and eighth earls of Exeter. HENEAGE FINCH, Earl of Winchelsea, la. fol. G. Vertue, ad vivum, 1725. Heneage, fourth earl of Winchelsea, passed a long life, without having any memorable cir cumstances recorded of him in our peerages, more than that, being a gentleman of the bed chamber to James, Duke of York, and attending His Royal Highness to Oxford, the university conferred THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 37 GEORGE I. CLASS III, conferred upon him the degree of Doctor of Laws, May 22, 1683. • The next year James suc ceeded to the throne, at which period he was only a commoner, and with little prospect of the honours he succeeded to; yet, as an uncle of Charles;, Earl of Winchelsea, he could not be without some political consequence in the state. Thus we find, by Wood, that he was captain of James IPs halbardiers; from which it appears he was brought up to arms. That misguided so vereign was afterwards so entirely deserted, that it was in vain (however well disposed) to have done him any service : we, cannot wonder, there fore, that Finch did not injure himself by en deavouring: to serve so infatuated a monarch. There were two other Heneages of .the surname of Finch, contemporaries of the earl, and both his near relations ; both lawyers, and both, en nobled. Heneage, created Earl of Nottingham; and Heneage, his second son, created Earl of Aylesford; both of whom had previously sat in parliament for the university of Oxford, and Guildford in Surry. The latter, I think, was member for Maidstone in 1701. His nephew, Charles Finch, Earl of Winchelsea, died without issue, in 1712; in consequence of that event he succeeded to his honours when at the age of 56. His countess, Ann, daughter of Sir William Kings- mill, of Sidmonton, Hants, died August 29, 1720; and though he had no issue by her, he remained a widower, and died September 30, 1-726, aged 70, when the title went to his half-brother, John Finch; who dying in 1729, also without issue, the earldom of Winchelsea descended to a distant re lation, Daniel Finch, second earl of Nottingham. Since that time the earldoms of Winchelsea and Nottingham have continued united. This noble man's countess was the writer of a poem on. the D 3 spleen, §8 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS III. spleen, &c. and had been maid of honour to the DucheSs of York, afterwards queen. On the re vival of the Society of Antiquaries, in 1717, the earl was chosen president, when he procured the excellent artist, Vertue, the office of engraver to that respectable body. His lordship was well acr (Juainted with his skill, which he had eminently shown in engraving his lordship's portrait, before mentioned. CHARLES HOWARD, Earl of Carlisle, with a wand, in the '¦' Kit Cat Club" mez. Kneller p. Faber sc. 1732. Charles Howard, third earl of Carlisle of this name, was member of parliament for Morpeth, When a commoner, and voted as such in the con vention parliament; besides which, he was entrust ed with the offiees of lord lieutenant and custos ror tulorum of the counties ofWestmorland and Cum-, berland, at the Revolution. On his attaining the hereditary title of Earl of Carlisle, by his father's death in 1692, he was appointed custos rotulorum of Cambridgeshire, and William III. made him a lord of his bed-chamber in 1700; after which he went to Holland, under a pretence of serving in that capacity, and obtained the dissolution of the ?arliament which Irad impeached the Partition reaty. His attachment to William seems to have been unequivocal; and it was chiefly owing to him that addresses were sent from all parts of the country to express the dislike and resentment entertained, that Lewis XIV, had proclaimed the son of James II. king of England. In reward for this and other services, His Majesty gave him the post of first commissioner of the treasury, with the government of the town and castle of Carlisle; the vice-admiralty of the adjacent coasts; and made him a privy counsellor. Queen Ann, though, THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 39 GEORGE I. CLASS. III. - - ¦ : -=s though by no means partial to his lordship, yet continued him in the office of deputy earl mar shal, in which capacity he acted at her corona tion ; besides which, he still held his posts in the northern counties, and remained a privy coun sellor; and Her Majesty appointed him one of the commissioners for the union of the kingdoms. George I. perfectly convinced of his steady ad herence to the Protestant succession, named him -a lord of the regency, till he could take posses sion of the British throne; and, on his arrival in England, not only restored him to the office of first commissioner of the treasury, but Continued him in his lieutenancy; and added the constable- ship of the Tower, and lieutenancy of its hamlets; the government of the town and castle of Car- l lisle, with that of Windsor Castle; and lord war- denship of the Forest. The resignation of his office of governor and captain of that castle, was followed by his appointment as lord warden and .chief justice in eyre of the royal forests and chaces north of Trent, and master of His Majesty's fox hounds. The earl died at Bath, May 1, 1738; and was buried at Castle Howard, in a sepulchre his lordship had provided as a resting-place for himself and his descendants. Lord Carlisle was a steady and sincere patriot, possessing great abili ties, which he used with discretion ; and his mind, like his manners, was grave and decorous. His person was of the middle size, and his complexion fair. By Ann, daughter of Arthur Capel, earl of Fssex, he had issue, Henry, his successor; Charles; Ann, married first to Richard Ingram, Viscount Sewin, of Scotland, and after his decease to Co lonel James Douglas; and Mary, who remained single. The countess, their mother, died Octo ber 14, 1752, aged 78, and was buried at Watford, Herts : a lady whose extensive charities em balmed her memory, n x JAMES 40 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS III. JAMES BERKLEY, Earl of Berkley, w the " Kit " Cat Club," mez. Kneller p." Faber sc. 1731. James Berkley, third earl of Berkley, was a second son, and bred to the sea service, in which he nobly supported the honour of the British flag. The electors of the city Of Gloucester re turned him one of their members in the last par liament of William III. Viscount Dursley, his eldest brother, died in 1699; but his father was living when Queen Ann called him to the House of Peers, by writ, dated March 7, 1704, as Baron of Dursley. When under the command of Sir George Rookeherose to be vice-admiral of the White; and in every instance most bravely seconded that gal lant admiral, with whom he was once near sharing a watery grave. Berkley's conduct at Toulon; his capture qf the strong forts at the Hieres, and the Gloire, of 44 guns and 312 men, commanded by Mons. Du Guay Trouin; and at the same time recovering the British ship Bristol, of 53 guns, off Scilly, has established his fame : the last ship unfortunately sunk soon after her recapture, but all her crew were saved, except twenty men. George I. rewarded this brave peer, then'earl of Berkley, (who, at the head of the fleet, declared for the Protestant succession,) by giving. him the office of a lord of the bed-chamber; and appoint ing him a privy counsellor; first commissioner of the navy; a vice-admiral of Great Britain; and lieutenant of the admiralty, navies, and seas of that kingdom; a knight of the garter; and lord lieutenant of Gloucestershire, Bristol, Lincoln shire, and the county of Surry; and custos rotu- lorum of the first and last : besides which, he was high steward of the city of Gloucester, keeper of the forest of Dean, and constable of St. Briavel's Castle. THE HISTORY- OF ENGLAND. - 4l GEORGE I. CLASS 111. Castle. His lordship's health requiring a warmer climate than that of England, he went to the castle of Aubigne, the seat of t^ie Duke of Rich mond, near Rochelle, where he died, in August, 1736; but his body was brought to Britain, and buried with his countess and his ancestors, at Berkley. He married the beautiful and accom plished Louisa, eldest daughter of Charles, Duke of Richmond, a lady of the bed-chamber to Caro line, princess of Wales, afterwards queen, who died of the small-pox, January 15, 1716-17, when only 22 years of age. By her he had issue, Au gustus, his successor, fourth earl of Berkley ; and Elizabeth, married, February 11, 1727-8,- to An thony Henley, Esq. of the Grange, Hampshire. RICHARD LUMLEY, Earl of Scarborough, star and garter, in the " Kit Cat Club, mezzot. Kneller p. 1717, Faber sc. 1732. Richard Lumley, Earl of Scarborough, in Mtdy's " Memoirs of Lord Chesterfield," 1777, V.Loop. Hall sc. Richard Lumley, second earl of Scarborough, K.G. was a member of the House of Commons in the reign of Queen Ann; and, at the accession of her successor, he was summoned to the Upper House by his father's second title, and had pre cedency for it: and in 1721 he succeeded to the earldom, by the death of his parent. This nobleman was much in favour during the reigns of George I. and George II.; and was a gentleman of the bed-chamber to the latter, when prince of Wales; master of the horse to both monarchs; and a privy counsellor to the latter; lord lieute nant and custos rotulorum of Northumberland, and Newcastle upon' Tyne; and vice-admiral ot *>* --* ¥ Durham. 42 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE 1. CLASS III. Durham. The former sovereign gave him the first troop of granadier guards; and the latter, the se cond regiment of foot guards. He resigned his office of master of the horse in 1733-4. Dying suddenly, at, his house, in Grosvenor Square, Janu ary 29, 1739-40, a bachelor, he was succeeded in his titles and estate by his brother, Sir Thomas Lumley Sanderson, K.B. This amiable and ac complished nobleman was deeply regretted, as his character stood very high, as well in respect of his talents for public life, as for his disinter-r estedness and integrity in his discharge of the ¦ several duties of it. He is eulogized by Pope, in company with the most distinguished men of his time: and though we, perhaps, ought to make some allowances for the colouring which friend^ ship is apt to give of a favourite character, yet, whoever compares Lord Chesterfield's account of Lord Scarborough's principles and manners', with the general opinion entertained of him at the time, by mere indifferent observers, will not think it much exaggerated; or that any great deduction need be made from it on the score of partiality, in order to ascertain his lordship's real merits, and fix his reputation on its proper basis. A particular detail of circumstances relating to the unfortunate termination of this valuable life, may be seen in the memoirs before mentioned; and which may be safely relied on, as proceeding from communications of the first authority. FRANCIS GODOLPHIN, Earl of Godolphin, in the " Kit Cat Club," mez. G. Kneller p. J. Faber sc. 1734. Francis Godolphin, Earl of Godolphin, in a flowered vest, mez. G. Kneller p. G. White sc. Francis ' THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND, GEORGE I. CLASS 111. Francis Godolphin, the second earl of Go dolphin, succeeded to the title at his father's death in 1712, He was governor of the Scilly Islands, a privy counsellor; and died, January 17, 1766, aged 87, when the earldom became ex^ tinct. But he had procured a patent constitut ing him Baron Godolphin, of Helston, which, by virtue of the remainder, went to Francis Go dolphin, Esq. member for the borough of Helston in Cornwall, who was descended from Dr. Henry Godolphin, provost of Eton, and dean of St. Paul's, London, and brother to the first earl. The suc cession in this family to the Marlborough ho^ nours and estates, failed in the person of Earl Francis's son, William, marquis of Blandford, who left no issue; and the new creation and en tail of the barony of Godolphin ceased likewise, , in the first succession. By these events, the noble family of Osborne was considerably benefited both in power and fortune. CHARLES BENNET, Earl of Tankerville, when Lord Ossulston, in the Oxford Almanack, 1744, 'whole length, in armour. Charles, Lord Ossulston, was descended from the eldest brother of Henry, earl of Arlington, one of the junto in the reign of Charles II. and a great favourite with that monarch. This noble man, who succeeded his father, John, the first lord Ossulston, K.B. in 1688, appears to have led a very private life in the reigns of William and Ann, as We do not find any particular mention of him in a public station during that period. When George I. ascended the throne, through his mar riage with Mary, only daughter and heir of Ford, Lord Grey of Wark, Earl of Tankerville, His Ma jesty created him, October 19, 1714, Earl of Tan- ¦ kerville; 4 4 THE HISTORY 'OF ENGLAND . GISOKGE 1. CLASS. 111. kerville; and appointed him chief justice in eyre south of Trent : besides which he was honoured with the order of St. Andrew, or the thistle. Lady Tar.kerville died May 31, 1710; and the earl, May 21, 1722, in the 48th year of his age : they were both buried, with their deceased children, and his ancestors, at Arlington in Middlesex, now generally written Harlington. Dawley-House, in that parish, had for along time been their seat; but this nobleman sold it to Lord Bolingbroke, who there amused himself in rural elegance: and quitting, for a time, the politician, affected to be the farmer, adorning his hall " with trophies of " rakes, spades, forks, &c. and other implements " of agriculture, merely to countenance his call- " ing this place a farm." Swift, who visited him here, makes mention of those particulars, in one of his letters to Stella. THOMAS CONINGSBY, Earl of Coningsby, with Us daughters, Ladies Margaret and Frances, sh. Kneller p. 1722, G. Vertue sc. 1723. Thomas Coningsby, Baron Clanbrazil, of Ire land, was a descendant from Lord Coningsby, of • Coningsby in Lincolnshire, who fell in the wars . of 1267,, between the barons, under Simon de Mountford, and Henry III. This earl was great grandson of Sir Thomas Coningsby, knighted by Queen Elizabeth in 1591; and, joining in the Revolution, he distinguished himself in the battles of the Boyne and Aughrim. In reward for these services William III. created him an Irish baron; in addition to which he was made joint paymaster of the forces in Ireland, one of the lords justices of that kingdom, and a privy counsellor in Eng- and. Lord Bellamount and Mr. Hamilton exhi bited articles against Lord Coningsby and Sir 1 ' Charles THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 45 GEORGE I. CLASS III. Charles Porter, for improper conduct in Ireland; but the English House of Commons refused to impeach them, as the charges were not substan tiated : though, in a subsequent reign, Lord Co ningsby forgot the pain a charge of high treason occasioned, when he stood forth as an accuser of others, in the memorable transactions respecting the tory ministry of Queen Ann; in whose reign he was continued a member of the privy council, and appointed vice-treasurer and paymaster of the forces in Ireland. This nobleman sat in -the British House as a commoner, in the first par liament of George I. His zeal for the Protestant succession gained him the English earldom of Coningsby, of Hampton Court in the county of Hereford, January 20, 17 16, with limitations to the eldest daughter of his second marriage, and her heirs male. His lordship died,December 18, 1719; and left by Barbara, daughter of Ferdinando Gorges, of Eye in Herefordshire, Esq. several sons and daughters: and by Frances, second daughter and co-heir of Richard Jones, Earl of Ranelagh, two daughters, the ladies represented in the en graving. The original, from which it is taken, I have seen at the family seat ; where there is a very fine collection of portraits : amongst which are so many representations of beautiful women, that they may well be called the beauties Of Hamp ton Court, Herefordshire. The co-heiresses were, Margaret, created Baroness and Viscountess Co ningsby, of Hampton Court, January 26, 1716, who succeeded to the title of countess, in her own right, on her father's death. This lady mar ried Sir Michael Newton, K.B. and died in 1761. Jobn, her only child, died an infant, conse quently the title became extinct at her death. "Her ladyship constantly resided at her country #eat. Frances, her sister, married the gay and 46 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND*. GEORGE I. CLASS III. and accomplished Sir Charles Hanbury Wil liams, K.B. and died in 1779, leaving two daugh ter : the elder of whom married William Ann Holies Capel, earl of Essex, whose son and suc cessor inherited the seat and estate of Hampton Court. At Lady Williams's, his maternal grand mother's death, the barony of Clanbrazil went to Lord Coningsby's grandson, Richard, son of his lordship's son Thomas; but he left no issue. This ancient family is now extinct; and the poet can no longer sing of one of them, as the rude rhymer did of the gallant Thomas de Coningsby, who, when a prisoner in Bretagne, obtained his liberation from the castle of Conquett, by con senting to marry Theophania, daughter of Sir John d'Almaine, of Conque in that duchy; on whose return, the bard alluded to composed the .following: lines : 'to Thomas Coningsby, And his wife, Tiffany, Are comen out of Britanny, With his servant, Maupas, And her maid, Muleface, With their dogge, Hardigrace*. VISCOUNTS. RICHARD TEMPLE, Viscount Cobham, folio, V.Loop. 1751, G. Rickham sc. Richard Temple, Viscount Cobham, in the " Kit " Cat Club," mez. Kneller p. Faber sc. 1732. Richard Temple, Viscount Cobham, when Sir Richard Temple, mez. Kneller p. Simon se. * As an accurate antiquary I have not dared to alter, omit, or add; but, as an aimotatar I may, perhaps, be indulged in the conjecturer that this ce lebrated dog's name was Hardirace, orras we should write it, Hardyrace, a very significant name. < James THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 47 ^ GEORGE I. CLASS 111. ¦ ' « * l James I. created this branch of the numerous and ancient family of Temple, baronets, and this nobleman was the fourth of that title. They had great interest in the county of Buckingham, and either the county or the town returned him their representative in the House of Commons. But he was a soldier as well as a legislator, and fought and conquered under Marlborough. Thus, his laurels justly won him the coronet granted by George I. who created him Baron of Cobham in Kent, October 19, 1714; and May 23, 1718, Viscount and Baron Cobham, with remainder to his sisters Hester and Christian: the first of whom married Richard Grenville, Esq.; the other, Sir Thomas Lvttelton, Bart, of high rank in the. army. He was always intrusted with some great post, fit only for a general officer; and, of equal ability in civil affairs, with others which did not relate to military arts: both were executed with the greatest honour and credit to himself. His lordship was constable of Windsor Castle, and governor of the Isle of Jersey, lieutenant-general of the ordnance, envoy extraordinary and pleni potentiary to the Emperor Charles VI. a privy counsellor, a lord justice, of the kingdom, and lord lieutenant and custos rotulorum of the county of Buckingham; and died at Stow, Sep tember 13, 1749, without issue, by his lady, Ann, only daughter of Edmund Halsey, of Southwark, Esq. who survived him till March 29, 1760. He was succeeded in his titles by his eldest sister, who was advanced to the dignity of Countess Temple, October 18, 1749, with remainder of the earldom to her descendants. The Grenvilles adopted the name of Temple; and the nobleman- who now possesses these honours, has superadded that of Nugent, in consequence of his marriage with the heiress of the late earl of that name andtitle. The 48 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS III. The higher rank of Marquis of Buckingham was conferred upon the present representative of this ancient and illustrious family, a few years since. HUGH BOSCAWEN, Viscount Falmouth, in Harding's " Rritish Characters." The Boscawens were a family of great respec tability and antiquity, resident in the county of Cornwall. This nobleman, their representative, was frequently returned for the county, or one of its boroughs. In the reign of .Queen Ann he held the office of groom of the bed-chamber to Her Majesty's royal consort, whose funeral he at tended. George I. considering him as a strenu ous friend to the Protestant succession, treated him with great attention, on his accession; and appointed him a comptroller of his household, and a member of the privy council. James Painter, jun. "Esq. proclaimed the son of James II. in Cornwall, in 1715; but Boscawen prevented the raising of the standard of the exiled family,, by the promptitude and vigour of his exertions:' and that part of the kingdom, remote from the seat of government, where an easy communica tion might have been maintained between the Cornish and Cheshire people, and the inhabitants of the principality of Wales, who were inimical to the Brunswick line, was thus preserved. His loyalty met with due reward, as he was created Baron Boscawen Rose, and Viscount Falmouth, both in Cornwall, June 3, 1720; and received, amongst other honourable employments, the vice-treasurership of Ireland; the post of captain of St. Maw's Castle; the appointment of recorder of the towns of Tregony and Penryn; and the lord wardenship of the stanneries, which he had enjoyed in the preceding reign. The viscount died THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 49 — — i — ¦ — ¦ — ' .*. GEORGE I. CLASS III. died suddenly at Trefusis, October 25, 173 4, highly esteemed and beloved. As a subject he was faithful, zealous, and able; and in private life all that could be wished, as husband, father, master, and friend. Benevolent, charitable to the distressed, and ever willing to perform the difficult but godlike virtue of forgiveness. He knew how to condescend, without losing sight of his elevated rank. He married Charlotte, eldest daughter and co-heir of Charles Godfrey, Esq. by Arabella, sister of the great duke of Marlbo rough, April 23, 1700. This lady died, March 22, 1754, and was buried with her lord, at Penkevil. The issue of this alliance was, Edward, his suc cessor; seven other sons; and ten daughters. BARONS. CHARLES, fourth Lord Cornwallis, in the " Kit " Cat Club," mez. Kneller p. Faber sc. This nobleman, who served under King Wil liam, in Flanders, was, while a commoner, mem ber for Eye in Suffolk. He succeeded to the peerage on the death Of his father, in 1698; and was made lieutenant and custos rotulorum of the said county. In the reign of King George I. he filled the offices of postmaster-general, jointly with the elder Craggs, and paymaster of the forces, on the resignation of Mr. Walpole. He was also a member of the privy council, but did not long enjoy his honours; dying at the age of 47, •in January, 1721-2, and was buried with his An cestors, at Culford in Suffolk. He was grandfather of the late nbble Marquis Cornwallis; whose tin- . wearied exertions -in the service of his king arid '" gentry, in several of the highest departments of Vol. Ill, E government, 50 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 'GEORGE I. CLASS III. government, both civil and military, in Europe, Asia, and America, will furnish ample materials for the pages of the future historian. THOMAS TREVOR, Lord Trevor, long wig, band, collar open, la. fol. T. Murray p. R. White sc. 1702, Thomas, Lord Trevor, in his robes, wig, laced neck cloth, coronet in his hand, Sympson sc. in Gwillim's "Heraldry." Thomas, the first Lord Trevor, was a younger son, and studied the law at Gray's Inn. He re ceived the office of solicitor-general from King William, in 1692, and was soon after knighted; and, in 1695, appointed attorney-general, and finally, in 1701, lord chief justice of the common pleas : and, by Queen Ann, for his great merits and affection to the crown, he was called up to the House of Peers, being included in the fa mous .creation of 1711, by the title of Lord Tre vor, of Bromham in the county of Bedford, George I. named him lord privy seal, March 6, 1725-6; and, May 31, 1727, one of the lords justices of Great Britain. On, the accession of George II. he was continued in the office of lord privy seal, June 25, 1727; and was appointed president of the council,-May 8, 1730. His lord ship was, besides, a governor of the Charter- • House, and a Fellow of the Royal Society, After having been a very useful subject to four sove reigns, he died, June 19, 1730, in the 7 2d year of his age, and was buried at Bromham. His lordship married Elizabeth, daughter and co-heir of John, Searle, Esq. of Finchley, Middlesex; and Ann, daughter of Robert Cauldon, Esq. widow of ¦Sir Robert Bernard, of Brampton, Huntingdon- • shire, Bart. By the former jnarriage he had issue, Thomas THE HISTORY OF FnGLANTL 51 GEORGE I. CLASS III. Thomas and John, who successively inherited the barony; and three daughters. By the latter, Robert, the fourth Lord Trevor, and first Viscount Hampden; Richard, lord bishop of Durham; and Edward, who died young. THOMAS NEWPORT, Lord Torrington, mez. Kneller p. 1714. J. Smith sc. 1720. Thomas Newport was the second son of Francis, Earl of Bradford, whose family interest intro- ducd him to the office of a commissioner of the customs, in the reign of William and Mary; being at the same time, a member of the House of Commons for Ludlow; at which board he continued to sit during the reign of Queen Ann. George I. shortly after his accession, created him Baron Torrington of the county of Devon. -He was, successively, a commissioner of the trea sury, a privy counsellor; and lastly, one of the tellers of the exchequer. His lOrdship died May 27, 1719, without children, when the title of Torrington became a third time extinct, for *want of male issue, in the several families of Monk, Herbert, and Newport, who had severally born it at different periods. He was thrice mar ried : first, to the daughter of Lord Chief Baron Atkyns; his second lady was Penelope, daughter of Sir Orlando Bridgeman, Bart. ; and his third, the daughter of Francis Pierpoint of Notting ham, Esq. E % ALEXANDER ss THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS III. SCOTCH PEERS. ALEXANDER GORDON, Duke of Gordon, with a dog and a gun, Mo. G. Kneller p. The Gordons, though a very great family in Scotland, were particularly unfortunate. George, the second marquis of Huntley, lost his life by the axe of the usurpers, in 1649; and his estates were given to the Argyle family. This nobleman left issue, Ludovic, the third marquis, who wag succeeded by George, the fourth marquis, cre ated Duke of Gordon by Charles II.; and, by James II. made a knight of the thistle. At the Revolution he seized Edinburgh Castle, which he refused to surrender, unless William III. restored him the Gordon estates, which the Argyles still held. Treated, in consequence, with coolness, by the king, he went to France, where he was re ceived with still more indifference. Leaving the court of St. Germain's en Laye in disgust, he re tired to Switzerland, where he was apprehended and sent a prisoner to Holland, and thence to Scotland, where he was more frequently in con finement than at large. In short, he .was dis trusted by all parties. Though he professed the Roman Catholic religion, he is said to have be lieved very little in revelation. The priests of James II. hated him, and he despised them; and the kirk of Scotland, though served by him, re garded him as an enemy. Majestic and elegant in person, and accomplished in manners, he seemed calculated merely for the ladies; yet he loved wealth still more than gallantry. This enigmatical character died in 1716: his eldest son, George, Marquis of Huntley, who had acted in the Stuart interest, in the preceding reign, played THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND; S3 GEORGE I. CLASS III. played his part upon the political theatre; while Alexander, the younger son, adhered to the Brunswick, line: thus, the estate Was retained in the family. Huntley was sent to the Tower, and Alexander became Duke of Gordon. This circum- , stance was attended with the happiest effects, in regaining a very powerful clan, who were allow ed to follow. a beloved and great chieftain. The duke was fond of the sports of the field, and left politics to others. In religion he continued a Ro man Catholic; his mother probably rivetting him in their tenets, who was a daughter of the Duke of Norfolk. Duke Alexander married Henrietta; daughter of Charles Mordaunt, earl of Peterbo rough : this event prepared the way for the sub sequent change of the Gordons in their religious principles. His Grace died in 1728; and, with the exception of Lewis, his younger son, the fa mily have since evinced the strongest attachment to the royal House of Brunswick. Lewis fled to France, in 1745, aad died there, in 1754. Cosmo, the third duke, was very loyal. Few families in Britain are now more powerful, and none more faithful or more beLoved, JOHN KER, Duke of Roxburgh, mez. Richard son p. 1725, Faber sc. 1741. This peer was % younger son, but" obtained the earldom of Roxburgh, in 1696, by the premature death of his elder brother, when on his travels. His lordship's abilities gave him great influence in the Scottish parliament; and he at first opposed the union of the British kingdoms so strenuously, that he said, " it should he prevented, if no other «' way could do it, by the sword." But won by Queen Ann's ministry, with a promise of changing ¦ his earldom' into a Dukery, as the Scotch call E 3 »t» $4 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. ¦ -i , ' ' as GEORGE I. CLASS III. - it, (-and which took place accordingly in April, 1707,) he adopted the measure with as much energy as he had previously used against it : how ever, he proved a great accession, as he was then secretary of state. George I. greatly valued him, and appointed him one of the lords of the re gency, till he came to take possession of- the crown; continued him in the office of-secretaryj made him a privy counsellor, and knight of the garter. Besides which, he was returned one of the sixteen peers for Scotland, in several parlia ments; and frequently one of the loids justices during the king's absence in Hanover. The duke died in retirement, February 24, 1741, aged' 61. By Mary, daughter of Daniel Finch, earl of Win chelsea and Nottingham, widow of William Sa- ville, marquis of Halifax, he left issue, Robert, his successor. Mackay describes the duke, when about 25 years of age, as possessed " of great ff learning and virtue; knows all the ancient lan- " guages thoroughly, and speaks most of the ff modern ones perfectly well, without pedantry; ff is a fine gentleman, and lives up to his quality; " holds a good estate, is handsome in his person, ff and brown complexioned." Mr. Lockhart, though so prejudiced against him for his desert ing his party, as to call him the " very bane and " cut-throat of his country, yet allows he was a. ff man of sense, improven by so much reading " and learning, that, perhaps, he was the best <' accomplish'd young man of quality in Europe; ff and had so charming a way of expressing 'his " thoughts, that he pleased even those against. ff whom he spoke." In the "British Compen- " dium" His Grace is called, " the honour of his '< country abroad, and the ornament of the court ff at home," THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 55 GEORGE I. CLASS. III. JOHN ERSKINE, Earl of Mar, mezzot. Kneller p. J. Smith sc. 1707. John Erskine, Earl of Mar, this is evidently only the print of Peter Hoet, with the face altered : from this circumstance it is become very uncommon in its original state. John Erskine, the eleventh earl of Mar, knight of the thistle, twice secretary of state, a promoter of the Union, and repeatedly returned one of the sixteen peers to represent Scotland in parlia ment, was beloved and trusted by his sovereign, Queen Ann; but finding himself deprived of all his offices, and treated with suspicion, if not con tempt, by the ministry of George I. he openly avowed those principles which it is supposed he secretly entertained, and such as his father pro fessed on his death-bed, though he had adopted the cause of King William. Hurried away by the impetuosity of party, Mar opposed the royal forces, as commander of a multitude equally des titute of arms and discipline. The event proved the rashness of the undertaking. Effecting his escape to the continent, he joined the unfortunatePrince, for whom he had fought, at Rome; but leaving his service, he went to Geneva, where he was ar rested. Regaining his liberty, he retired to Paris; but depressed by misfortune, he went to Ajx-la- Chapelle, at which place he died in the arms of his affectionate daughter; Frances, May, 1732, who had been the faithful companion of his va rious afflictions. Those who detested his poli tical errors; lamented his fate, as an amiable nobleman, and an ornament to the peerage. Mackay pronounced him " a very good manager " in his private affairs, which were in disorder « when his lather died, in 1689." He called him E 4 "a staunch 50 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. .'-.» ' . ' "» GEORGE I. CLASS III. »=*¦:. .- . - ', , ' ' ff a staunch countryman;" and described his per son as " fair compjexioned, and of low stature.'* The earl had two wives : Margaret, daughter of Thomas Hay, earl of Kinnoul, by whom he had issue, John, who died an infant; and Thomas, Lord Erskine. His second countess was Frances., daughter of Evelyn Pierrepoint, duke of Kings ton, who effected his escape in a most wonderful manner, by dressing him in women's clothes. George I. allotted that lady her jointure, as if her lord had been actually dead; and permitted his friends to purchase his estates, valued at 1678Z. per annum, for the use of his son, who, reduced io a commoner, was returned in several parlia ments for some of the Scottish counties. The dutiful and amiable Lady Frances was by the' last marriage, wh,om the king graciously permitted to receive the portion she was entitled to under the marriage settlement of her mother, as if her father had not revolted from his allegiance. In the correspondence of Lady Wortley Mon tagu, lately published, are several letters to Lady IMar, from her sister, whichj are extremely well worth reading 'O' THOMAS: HAMILTON, Earl of Haddington, in scribed" Simon, the Skipper^' mez. W.Aikmanpinx Smith sc. 1719. Thomas Hamilton, the fifth earl of Haddington, was thrice returned one of the sixteen peers, to represent the nobility of Scotland in parliament. George I. appointed him governor of Edinburgh Castle, and granted him the order of the thistle j and George II. made. him a privy counsellor. His, lordship died in 1735., Bromley says, I know not pf any earl of Haddington of the name .of Simon. Bft that, gentleman might have recollected the name THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 57 . GEORGE I. CLASS III. name was as fictitious, as the office of skipper. The print, in short, is a political burlesque of this respectable nobleman, whose opinions were at variance with those of the rigid Scots, who called the friends of the English, or Hanoverian interest, Skippers. Simon was, perhaps, allusive to some peculiar circumstance, the i-emembrance of which is now lost. By Ellen, sister of Charles Hope, earl of Hopeton, he had issue, John, Lord, Viscount Binning, or Bining, mentioned in this volume; Charles; and two daughters. JOHN DALRYMPLE, Earl of Stair, coat over his armour, and helmet by him, mez. Rurford sc. John Dalrymple, coat, staff, hat by him, mezzot. A. Ramsay p. Faber sc. John Dalrymple, an oval, with martial ornaments, }a.fol. John Dalrymple, second earl of Stair, son of John, the first earl, termed the Judas and the ¦Sunderland of Scotland. This nobleman was one of the most distinguished persons in the British court, whether we view him as the fine gentle men, the statesman, or the soldier. Equally learned and eloquent in the senate, where he had thrice represented the peerage of Scotland, and penetrating as a negociator, he rendered the na tion great service at Paris; nor was his high re putation as a soldier less deserving of praise,' ¦which he gained under the Duke of Marlborough, to whom he served as aid-du~camp, at Venlo, Liege, Ramilies, Oudenard, Tanieres, and Douay. Queen Ann honoured him with the order of the thistle, with which the hero of Blenheim invested him in the camp at Douay. George I. made the earl a member of the pi-ivy council, a lord of the jbed-chamber; and restored him tq his regiment of 5$ THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS III. of dragoons, which he had disposed of, in the last reign, to the Earl of Portmore. When ambassa dor in France, he united abilities and splendour. In short, he accomplished the difficult task of being useful to Britain, gratifying to the French nation, and highly honourable to himself. Though he had divested himself of all his employments in 1733, yet, when his country required his ser vices in 1743, he again joined in all the bustle of camps, and the intricacy of cabinets. He com manded in chief till his sovereign took the field in person at Dettingen, where he saw, with lively concern, the preference given to Hano verian soldiers, over British. Stair, as field- marshal, a third time, commanded the Scotch dragoons; was declared governor of Minorca; and went as ambassador extraordinary to Holland. As he had urged the demolition of Dunkirk, in his embassy to France, he did still more service to his country, by discovering the intended inva sion. This nobleman died at Edinburgh, in May, 1747; but having no issue by his countess, Eleanor, daughter of James Campbell, earl of Loudon, and widow of James Primrose, Viscount Primrose, he left his honours, by will, to his nephew, John, son of his youngest brother. This devise being contested by William Dalrymple, his heir at law, the House of Lords gave it in his fa vour. A decision suitable to Our ideas of the descent of hereditary honours, but, perhaps, con trary to the title, as well as spirit, of the law of Scotland ; for their monarchs gave titles in fee, disposable by devise, to any one, even a stranger to their blood: a practice which, if now allowed, would be attended with the greatest impro prieties, and consequently injurious to families; for, who can answer for the caprices dictated by anger, prejudice, misrepresentation, or even eccentricity, HENRY THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. s9 GEORGE I. CLASS III. HENRY SCOT, Earl of Deloraine, mez. J. Clos- terman p. W. Faithorne, jun. sc. Henry Scot, Earl of Deloraine, with his mother and brother, the Duchess of Monmouth and the Earl of Dalkeith; he is on the left side of Her Grace: upon his right hand is a parrot; his left is laid on the Diichess's arm. Lord Henry Scot, youngest son of the unfortu nate Duke of Monmouth, was created Earl of De loraine, by Queen Ann; and became one of the sixteen representatives of the peers of Scotland, in the first parliament of George I. and continued such the remainder of his life. The earl was, be sides, a gentleman ofthe bed-chamber to George II. before and after his accession to the throne; and, at his death, in 1730, he was a majorrgeneral, and colonel of the 16th regiment of foot. His lord ship married Ann, daughter and heir of William Duncombe, of Battlesden in Bedfordshire, Esq. a lord justice of Ireland, in the reign of William III. and a comptroller of the army accounts in that of Queen Ann, by whom he had issue, Francis and Henry, successively earls of Deloraine. CHARLES HAMILTON, Viscount Binning, mez. J. Richardson p. 1712, A. V. Haecken sc. Charles Viscount Binning, eldest son and heir- apparent of Charles Hamilton, sixth earl of Had dington, of the kingdom of Scotland, K.T. was elected member of parliament for St. Germain's, Cornwall, in 1722, and appointed a commissioner of trade in Scotland. This nobleman unfortu nately died at Naples, when on his travels, in the rfyear 1732; and had married, in 172Q, Rachael, daughter of George Bailie, of Jerviswood, with whom 60 THE HISTORY. OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS III. whom he received the estate at Jerviswood. By this lady he had issue, Thomas Hamilton, seventh earl oFHaddington; George, who took the estate and name of hig;maternal grandfather, Mi'- Bailie; Charles James, a captain in a regiment of dragoon guards; Grizjl, who married James, earl of Stan-r hope; and Rachael. The title is often written jinnie, as well as Binning. IRISH PEERS. WILLIAM GRIMSTON, Viscount 'Grimston. J. Harding sc. William Viscount Grimston was paternally de*- scended from the family of Luckyn, baronets; but, being adopted by his maternal uncle, Sir Samuel Grimston, baronet, he adopted his sur name; and was thrice returned member of par liament for St. Albans, a borough near his seat of Gorhambury. At his father's death he became the fourth baronet of the Luckyns; and he oh* tained his uncle's estate in 1699. George I. cre ated him Baron Dunboyne and Viscount Grim ston, of the county of Meath in the kingdom of Ireland, May 4, 1719. He is thus noticed as 3 noble author, by Lord Orford: "William Viscount ' Grimston is only mentioned here,- to vindicate " him from being an author; having, when a boy, " written a play, called " The Lawyer's Fortune, " or Love in a hollow Tree," to be acted with " his school-fellows. The Duchess of MarlboT " rough, many years afterwards, procured a copy, " and. printed it, at a time that she had a dispute " with him about, the borough of St. Alban's, "' Lord Grimstpn buying up the impi;ession> the " duchess sen* the copy to Holland to be>re- " printed, THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 6l ., " i" . i - i . . .it.., ,,u, ' . ^^ GEORGE I. CLASS III. - '' -,.,,, . ,.,, " printed. She made his lordship ample repa- " ration afterwards, by printing her own me- " moirs, not written in her childhood." His load- ship died, October 16, 1756; and left issue, by Jane, daughter of James Cook, citizen of Lon don, nineteen children: James, his second, but eldest' surviving son, succeeded to the title; whose son, James Bucknall Grimston, the third and present viscount, was created an English peer, by the title of Baron Verulam, of Gorhambury, July 9, 1790. GUSTAVUS HAMILTON, Viscount Boyne, mez. W. Hogarth p. M. Fordsc; the name of Ford was erased, and that of A. Miller substituted. Gustavos Hamilton, Viscount Boyne, Sw. W.Ho garth p. A. M. I. (reland) sc. Viscount Boyne was descended from a Scotch family, and Frederick, his lordship's father, from a younger branch of the Hamiltons, lords Paisley, afterwards earls of Abercorn, who was a gallant sol dier in the army of the hero of the north;, and thus his son obtained the baptismal name of Gustaviis, from the king of Sweden, The title of viscount originated from the battle of the Bqyne, which decided the fate of James and William, where he gained immortal honour, as commander of a re giment given him by the latter; and in which he narrowly escaped death, as his horse was killed under him. His bravery .was equally conspicu ous at the storming of the town of Athlohe, of which he was made governor; and he afterwards Served under General Ginckell in all the subse- ' quent engagements. Queen Ann appointed him custos" rotulorum of the county of Donegal, which he represented In the Irish House of Cdm- »ons in 1704; vice-admiral of the province of - Ulster; THE HISTORY GF ENGLAND". GEORGE I. CLASS. III. Ulster; and a major-general: and George I. en nobled him. Besides which, he was a privy coun sellor to the three sovereigns. This gallant nobleman died September 16, 1725, and left se veral children by Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Harry Brook, Knt. ; but was succeeded by his grandson, Gustavus, son of Frederick, his eldest son. RICHARD BOYLE, Viscount Shannon, unfinish ed, a Kit Cat, mez. Kneller p. Faber sc. 1733. Richard Boyle, the third and last viscouut Shan non, fought in his country's cause, under the Duke of Ormond; and served during three cam paigns in Flanders, in the reign of William III. In that of Queen Ann he embarked in the expe^- dition against Cales; and had the command of the • granadiers when the fort of Rondonello was taken, and the French and Spanish jships of war, with the rich galleons, wrere destroyed. Thus, his merit gained him the rank of general. George I. appointed him, in 1720, commander in chief of all the forces in Ireland; one of the lords justices of that kingdom, in 1724; and at various other periods, made him colonel and captain of the fourth troop of guards, general of horse, and field- marshal of all his forces. His lordshsp died De cember 20, 1740, aged 72, universally respected and regretted, not only as a soldier, but as a dis tinguished member of the British parliament; in which he proved himself a wise and virtuous patriot : nor was he less amiable in private life. He had no issue by his first lady, the Countess Dowager of Orrery; but, by his second marriage, with a daughter and co-heir of Johir Senhouse, of Netherhall, Cumberland, Esq. he left a daugh ter, who was his sole heir. ROBERT THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 63 GEORGE I. CLASS III. ROBERT MOLESWORTH, Viscount Moles- worth, mez. T. Gibson p. P. Pelham sc. 1721. This amiable and virtuous nobleman, was the posthumous son of the loyal Robert Molesworth, Esq. of Ireland, by his wife, Judith, eldest daugh ter and co-heir that survived of twenty-one chil dren, of John Bysse, Esq. chief baron of the ex chequer in that kingdom. He was born in Dublin, and completed his education in the university there.. At his first appearance in public life he declared for the Prince of Orange; and distin guished himself as a steady asserter of the laws and religion of his country, as by law established: and he steadily pursued the same course during his whole life.' He was early taken notice of by King William, who sent him, being then of his privy council, in 1692, to Denmark, as envoy ex traordinary, where he resided several years. At his return home he published his account of that country, with a preface, containing very spirited remarks on the state of government there, which was greatly admired by the public in general, for the generous and manly sentiments of liberty that it expressed; but which gave great offence to the Princess Ann's consort, who employed Dr. King, the civilian, to write an answer to it. Mr. Molesworth served in parliament, both in England and Ireland. In the latter part of Queen Ann's reign, his principles not according with the ruling politics of that day, he fell into a temporary dis grace, by losing his seatat the council board, on ac count of some warm expressions that had fallen from him respecting the proceedings of the Lower House of Convocation, which, it is well known, were violent enough at that period. The star of Brunswick, however, soon dispelled this temporary gloom; 64 THE HISTORY. OF ENGLAND. — — — . — - . ¦ "S" GEORGE I.. CLASS III. gloom; for he was immediately brought into no tice by the new king, who conferred "upon him both honours and emoluments; and finally raised him to the dignity of the peerage, in his native country, by the rifle of Viscount Molesworth, &c. His lordship did not desert his old principles or practice, but continued his active services wherever they were required, till ill health and increasing years compelled him to retire from public busi ness altogether. He died in Ireland, in May, 17^5, and was buried there. He had by his lady, Leti tia, daughter of Lord Coloony, a numerous issrie. His two eldest sons inherited his titles in succes sion. Lord Molesworth is recorded among the noble authors of our nation ;, for lie hts written sundry tracts in defence of liberty, of his coun try, of mankind. Besides his well-known account of Denmark, he also published an English trans lation of Hottoman's " Franco-Gallia," with an interesting preface; and a posthumous volume of poems, entitled "'Marinda," written by his daughter, Mary, wife of GeOrge Monk, Esq. of Stephen's Green. To this last his lordship (who seems to have taken pleasure in making his pre faces and dedications the' vehicle of his tenets on civil and religious subjects) prefixed a very kmg1 and elegant address to the Princess, after Queen, Caroline, with whom he appears to have been a favourite, in the highest style of eompliment and panegyric, predicating the greatest advantages, to the country from Her Higliness's talents and vir tues,, and the influence of so illustrious an ex ample of all that was good and great. Lord Molesworth Was alsO the friend of the author Lord Shaftesbury; of Mr. Molyneux; and that, Ornament of his age, Mr. John Locke. CLASS THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 65 GEORGE I. CLASS IV. CLASS IV. •CLERGY. ARCHBISHOPS AND BISHOPS. . WILLIAM WAKE, Archbishop of Canterbury, toiez. T.Gibson p. Cooper sc. William Wake, Archbishop of Canterbury, mez. J. EUys p. Faber sc. William Wake, Archbishop of Canterbury, oval frame, canonical habit, la., fol. Vr. Gucht sc. The first impression is without an address; the second, sold by/ T. Smith; third, sold by B. Dickinson, William Wake, Archbishop of Canterbury, hold ing a cap, in Gwillim's "Heraldry," 1724, Fr. Gucht sculp. William Wake, Archbishop of Canterbury, oval? Mo . mez. Gibson p. Js. Sympson^ sc. William Wake, Archbishop of Canterbury, oval, mez. Gibson p. G. White se. The family of Wake is as ancient and as re spectable as those of most of the gentry. The primate was descended from a younger branch. The elder, resident at Clevedon, were created ba ronets by James I. in 1621. A curious circum stance is mentioned of the archbishop's father, which seems well attested. When at Westminster School, a- curtain was torn that separated the upper . from the lower school. The severe Dr. Busby observed it, and resolved to punish the offender. Nichols, the cujprit, trembled for the consequences. " Comfort yourself," said Wake, who sat next him, "I will take the blame upon Vol. III. F "myself." 6(5 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS. IV. \ " myself." He did so, and was severely punished accordingly. The civil war between Charles I. and his parliament demanded the services of all men; and the gallant Wake rose to be a colonel in the rOyal army. He had the courage, besides, to op pose the all-conquering Cromwell, in the ill-con certed Scheme of Penruddock and Grove*, in the west. Colonel Wake,', made a prisoner, and con fined at Exeter, was led to the bar, and condemn ed with othersf, his associates. But fortunately for him, the judge chanced to be his old school fellow, Nichols, who recognized in the prisoner his youthful defender. Animated by the recol lection, he flew to the Protector, arid obtained the pardon of his friend j\ Such was the father of Dr. Wake, memorable also for his assistance of Lady Banks, in her heroic defence of Corfe-Castle. His son, the archbishop, was sent to Christchurch Oxford, of which he was afterwards a canon. He afterwards became dean of Exeter; was conse crated bishop of Lincoln, in 1705; and translated, in 1715, to Canterbury. Though not so eminent as Tillotson, as a divine, he was prodigiously su perior, as such, to his immediate predecessor. * The Rev. Harry Grove, rector of Staplehurst, Kent, a descendant of the brave, but unfortunate Colonel Grove, has soma -white pocket kerchiefs marked with his hair, by his afflicted sister : they have been kept in the fa mily as choice memorials of that gallant gentleman. + Captain William Wake, the archbishop's father, was eighteen times imprisoned, and twice condemned to be hanged, for his loyalty to Charles I. and Charles II. The archbishop's grandfather, the Rev. William Wake, rector of Holy Trinity, and St. Michael, in Wareliani, was imprisoned nine teen times on the same account; but lived till 1661, after having been re stored to his preferment one year. The Rev. Edward Wake, the primate's uncle, was imprisoned twenty times for his adherence to those sovereigns 5 was once shot in the head; and had nearly been poisoned for his loyalty. These are extraordinary instances of suffering in one family. The archbishop possessed courage in another way. He preached, when a private clergyman, before Williamlll. upon the almost impossibility of potentates being saved. The kmg, with great magnanimity, took the design well, and ordered the sermon to be printed. , . , X This story was first told in .the " Spectator," Vol. V. No. 383,' but without the names of the parties. Or. Grey, in hit « Hudibias;" Vol. I. p. 892. supplied this defect. Hi* THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 67 GEORGE I. CLASS IV. His Grace engaged in controversy; and published several sermons, practical tracts, explanations of the Catechism, and translations of the Fathers. He left his valuable library of books and manu scripts, with 1000Z. to Christchurch College. Dr. Wake was a benevolent man, an excellent preacher, a venerable, good prelate, and the grace ful gentleman; but he, unhappily, long outlived his faculties: during this calamity Dr. Gibson, bishop of London, governed the Anglican church. The archbishop dfed at Lambeth, January 29, 1733-4, aged 76 ; and his body, according to his desire, was buried at Croydon, to which place the remains of Ethelreda, his wife, were conveyed at the same time ; who was the daughter and co heir of Sir William Howel, of Illington, in Nor folk, Knt. and by whom His Grace had issue, six daughters, his co-heirs: Arney, married to Francis Seymour, Esq. of Hendford, Dorset; Ethelreda, to Thomas Bennet, Esq. of Norton Bavant, Wilts; Hester, to Richard Broderip, of Mapperton, Dor set, Esq. and after to Thomas Strode, of Parnham, Dorset, Esq.; Dorothy, to James, eldest son of Sir Francis Pennyman, of Ormshy in Yorkshire, Bart. ; Magdalen, to William Churchill, a book seller in Paternoster-row, afterwards of Henbury, Dorset, Esq.; and Mary, to Dr. John Lynch, dean of Canterbury. I cannot'avoid observing, that, had this metropolitan^ scheme of uniting the English and Gallican churches been attended with success, the horrid outrages in France would never, in all probability, have happened. Reli gion, in that devoted country, degenerated into impious mockery: the ignorant were lost in the basest superstition; and the literati soared into all the extravagance of unbelief, many, even mto downright atheism. > 2 LANCELOT THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS IV. , f LANCELOT BLACKBOURNE, Archbishop of York, square, wig, arms, mez. T. Taylor sc. Lancelot Blackbourne, -Archbishop of York, JEt. 68, la. fol. I.Zeemanp. Vertue sc. 1727. There is something mysterious in the history and character of Dr. Blackbourne. The former is but imperfectly known: and report has even asserted he was a buccaneer; and that one of his brethren in that profession having asked, on his arrival in England, What had become of his old chum, Blackbourne, was answered, he is arch bishop of York. We are informed, that Black bourne was installed sub-dean of Exeter, in 1694, which office he resigned in 1702; but after his successor, Lewis Earner's death, in 1704, he re gained it. In the following year he became dean; and, in 1714, held with it the arChdeanery of Cornwall. He was consecrated bishop of Exeter, February 24, 1716; and translated to York, No vember 28, 1724, as a reward, according to court scandal, for uniting George I. to the Duchess of Munster. This, however, appears to have been an unfounded calumny. As archbishop he behaved with ;great prudence, and was equally respectable as the guardian of the revenues of the see. Ru mour whispered he retained the vices of his youth, and that a passion for the fair sex formed an item in the list of his weaknesses; but so far from being convicted by seventy witnesses, he does not appear to have been directly criminated by one. In short, I look upon these aspersions as the effects of mere malice. How is it possible a buccaneer should have been so good a scholar as Blackbourne certainly was: he who had so perfect a knowledge of the classics, (particularly j»f theGreek tragedians, ) as to be able to read them with THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 69 GEOKGE I. CLASS IV. with the same ease as he could Shakespeare, must have taken great pains to acquire the learned lan guages ; and, have had both leisure and good mas ters. But he was undoubtedly educated at Christ- church College, Oxford. He is allowed to have been a pleasant man : this, however, was turned against him, by its being said, " he gained more " hearts than souls." He died in 1743, and was bu-, ried in St. Margaret's Church, Westminster. Mrs. Blackbourne, his wife, died in 1726, aged 80*. There was a Rev. Thomas Blackburn, prebendary of Bilton,in York Cathedral, installed 1750. The Rev. Thomas Hayter, installed prebendary of Riccal, in 1728, and of Strenshall, in 1735, both in the same archiepiscopal church, was supposed to have been the son of the archbishop's youth. Was. the eminent divine and bishop, John Blackbourn, the nonjuror, a relation of the primate's? who was a man of the most opposite disposition; and died, November 17, 174 1, aged 58, and was bu ried at Islington; as was his* widow, Philadelphia, who re-married to Richard Heyborne, a citizen of London, and survived until January 10, 1750, aged 70. The nonjuror republished Bale's i( Chro- " nicle concerning Syr John Oldcastell," with an appendix; and an edition of Bacon's works, in four vols, folio. EDMUND GIBSON, Bishop of London, mez, Rowles sc. Edmund Gibson, Bishop of London, mez. Vrx Rank p. 1737, Faber sc. Edmund Gibson, Bishop of London, oval, mez. * The Blackbournes or Blackburns were a very ancient and respectable fa mily in the north of England. In the north a's'e windows, by the door of All-Saints, North-street, of York, are the figures of Nicholas Blackburn, and Margaret, his wife, in prayer; and in the next window, Nicholas Black- bum, jun. and Joan, his wife, in the same attitudes : each have scrolls. The elder was lord mayor of the city, 1429. F3 T.Murray 70 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEOBGE I. CLASS IV. T. Murray p. 1723, P. Pelham sc. 1724, altered to Slaekhouse. What a change!!! Edmund Gibson, Bishop of London, large folio, J. Ellysp. George Vertue sc. 1727. There are two states of this plate: one, with arms; the other, with books, charters, S$e. in lieu of them: the latter is very. uncommon. The truly pious and learned Dr. Gibson was born in 1669, at Bampton in Westmorland,' ¦where he was educated ; and sent, at seventeen, to Queen's College, Oxford His abilities soon became 'universally admired, through his know ledge of British topography, and Roman and Anglo-Saxon antiquities. Dr. Tenison, arch bishop of Canterbury, honoured him with the appointment of domestic chaplain and librarian at Lambeth: under this patronage he obtained the preferments of precentor and residentiary of Chichester, rector of Lambeth, and archdeacon of Surry. Dr. Gibson was consecrated" bishop of Lincoln in 1715, on the promotion of Dr. Wake to the primacy, and translated, in 1720^, to Lon don. At a later period the whole care of the Anglican church was vested in him, through the mental incapacity of the metropolitan of Canter bury. He was sometimes called, " the Pope.". ' Yes," answered Walpole, and " a very good "pope he is." He had been of great service to the accession of the illustrious House of Bruns wick. The minister looked upon him as the firmest and most eminent man on the bench of bishops. A " Life of Cromwell," which has passed through several editions, is supposed to have been written by him; and with probability, as he was' in some degree, allied to the Protectoral family, by his uncle, Dr. Thomas Gibson's marriage with Ann, a daughter of Richard Cromwell; once pro- x J tector, .THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 71 GEORGE I. CLASS IV. tector. He might be termed, in point of poli tical consequence, the third subject in the state; for the firm seemed Townshend, Walpole, and Gibson: but the middle man sent the former, as an agriculturist, to Norfolk; and deprived the last of his title of heir-apparent to the see of Can terbury, because he refused to aid the Quakers' Bill, in full hopes of which he had. refused that Winchester. Archbishop Wake died, and Dr. Potter, bishop of Oxford, was called to Lambeth. Upon his death the primacy was offered to Gibson, but it tier, came too late: his infirmities forbade his acceptance of that which, before, he would have received with great satisfaction. However, it is but justice to add, that though, Sir Robert, in some instances, pursued the bishop with acri mony, yet he always acknowledged his great me rit: though, by so doing, he condemned;hiinself. This prelate was highly respectable, not only in the republic of letters, but as a very enlightened statesman, and a most orthodox churchman?; firmly opposing the atheistical and deistical Writers, who, in his time, openly disseminated their opinions. He was, besides, equally a barrier against popery and fanatical enthusiasm. The church had not a better friend; the king, a more loyal subject; or the country, a more honest and proved patriot. He died, September 6, 1748, aged 79, and was bu ried at Fulham. His edition of Cambden's " Bri- " tannia," has been superseded by the improved one of Mr. Gough; but his " Codex Juris Eccle- " siastici Anglicani," gained him .great credit. Some of his enemies have termed him Dr. Codex, though he had none but the profligate who were personally so. Few men have lived in so munifi cent, yet prudent a manner; and the generosity of his disposition was shown in numerous instances, particularly in restoring the 2500/. bequeathed to F 4 him 72 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. ' GEOKGE I. . CLASS IV. ' ; him by Bishop Crew, to that noble prelate's rela tions. He often counteracted the poison of pro fane authors, by buying the whole impression of their work; and often, by relieving the miserable , scribbler, enabled him to maintain himself by honest means : and not unfrequently by copying the drift -of the argument; and answering it, which prevented even a curiosity to inspect the. book. He has left many descendants. Mr. Granger as serts, that the portrait in Queen's College library most resembles him. There is a satirical print of the three Doctors,Gibson, Hoadley, and Small- brook, rowing towards Lambeth, which was de signed by Hogarth. There is another on the same subject, the vacancy of the archbishopric, in which Hoadley is represented throwing the Bible into the Thames, to lighten the boat. Mrs. Gibson, the bishop's wife, died suddenly, in her chair, De cember 28, 1741. ¦WILLIAM TALBOT, Bishop, of Durham, when Bishop of Salisbury, as Chancellor of the Order of the Garter, mez. G. Kneller p. Faber sc. William Talbot, Bishop of Durham, also when Bishop of Salisbury, in the robes of the order, as Chancellor, la. fol. G. Kneller p. Vertue sc. 1720. William Talbot, Bishop of Durham, quarto,.in Hutchinson's " History of Durham." Dr. Talbot, successively bishop of Oxford, Sa lisbury, and Durham, was the only son of Wil liam Talbot, Esq. of Lichfield, and Mary, daughter of Thomas Doughty, Esq. of Whittington in the county of Worcester; 'arid was born at Stourton Castle, Staffordshire, the seat of his father. He distinguished himself at Oxford, particularly in a speech at the Encjenia.' After he had been Or dained a priest he obtained the rectory of Bar- field, Berks. Chiles Talbot, Earl, and afterwards Duke THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 73 GEORGE I. CLASS IV. Duke of Shrewsbury, his distant relation, patron izing him, he received the deanery of Worcester, subsequent to the ejection of Dr. Hickes, the nonjuror; and was diplomated Doctor of Divi nity by Archbishop Tillotson. Queen Mary ad miring his sermons and manner of preaching, procured him the see of Oxford, September 24, 1699, with which he held his deanery. The uni versity of Oxford confirmed his degree; and he obtained the deanery of the royal chapel. He was translated to Salisbury in 1715; and in 1721 he be came bishop of Dtirham, and also a governor of the Charter- House; ancLjsome time after, lord lieu tenant and custos rotulorum of the palatinate of Durham. Few ecclesiastics were more fortunate than this prelate in his secular concerns. The re venues of his see were great, and much increased by his obtaining an act enabling bishops to grant leases of mines, and to raise the fines upon re newal of leases of lands. Yet, his lordship was frequently distressed for moriey, owing to his ge nerous expenditure; but, happily for him, he had a son, who was chancellor of England, who sup plied his parent's deficiencies. The bishop died, at his house in Hanover Square, London, Octo ber 10, 1730, and was privately buried in St. James's Church, Westminster. Dr. Talbot was learn ed and magnificent; but not sufficiently attentive, perhaps, to his worldly concerns. Previous to his greater preferments he married a daughter of Mr. Crispe, an eminent attorney of Chipping-Nor- ton, Oxfordshire, who died without issue ; after which he married Catherine, daughter of Alder man King, of London;, by whom he left a very numerous family. Charles Talbot, his eldest son, was appointed chancellor of Great Britain, in No vember, 1733"; and was created, December 5, fol lowing, Lord Talbot, ofHensoiin the county of Glamorgan. CHARLES 74 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GtOKGE 1. CLASS. IV. CHARLES TRIMNELL, Bishop of Winchester, mez. J. Faber sc. scarce. Dr. Trimnell, one of the fourteen fortunate children of the Rev. Charles Trimnell, rector of Repton Abbots, Huntingdonshire, studied at Ox ford; and was appointed preacher to the master of the rolls, Sir John Trevor, in 1688: but in the following year he attended the Earl and Countess of Sutherland to Holland. His prefer ments were, a stall in Norwich Cathedral ; the rectory of Bodington, and afterwards that of Brington, both in the county of Northampton, and of small value: yet he refused to hold them ' together; and resigned the latter in favour of his brother-in-law, Mr. afterwards Dr. Downes. Queen Ann appointed him one of her chaplains: and having remained for some time without fur ther parochial preferment, he accepted the church of St. Giles's, in Norwich, whence he removed to St. James's Church, Westminster. He was conse crated bishop of Norwich, February 23, 1707. George L constituted him clerk of his closet; and, in August, 1721, he was translated to the bishopric of Winchester, and elected president of the cor poration of the sons of the clergy. His lordship, naturally of a weak constitution, did hot long survive his last promotions; and died at Farnham Castle, August 15, 1723, aged 60; and was buried, by his own desire, near the tomb of William of Wykeham, his great predecessor, the founder of the two colleges in which his father, his brothers, and himself, had received their educations. This prelate became, from conviction, a steady parti- zan of the Revolution, which he strenuously de fended by his pen. His political opinions, per haps, greatly aided him in obtaining the lawn sleeves, THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 75 GEORGE I. CLASS IV. sleeves, which he wore with the utmost credit. Warm, yet temperate; zealous, yet moderate; his piety did not prevent him from gaining a perfect knowledge of mankind: nor did his assiduous performance of the clerical duties interfere with the most perfect elegance of manners. When he rebuked, his words were smoother than oil, yet North amptonshire; and was first student, and after wards a canon of Christchurch, Oxford, which he obtained in 1702. The Houserof Commons made him their chaplain. In 1711 he was named proc tor for the chapter of Oxford; and he subse quently became a chaplain in ordinary to Queen G 3 Ann, 86 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS. IV. Ann, preacher at Lincoln's Inn, a commissioner for building fifty new churches, and a member of the Society for propagating the Gospel; at length he was consecrated bishop of Chester, April 4,' 1714. His lordship died at Oxford, of the palsy, November 14,. 1725; and was buried without a memorial, in the cathedral church of that city. . Swift, who knew him personally, says, " he was " an eminent divine, and one he loved much." He was esteemed by Atterbury, and returned his affection by pleading for him in parliament. His political opinions were,- probably, the only reason why he was not translated to a better bishopric, which his virtues, and services to the church and the university of Oxford, deserved. His writings are greatly valued. But Dr. Gastrell was made of unbending materials: a proof of which was his refusing to induct Mr.Peploe, who was afterwards his successor in the see of Chester, to the warden- ship of Manchester College, because he had only , received a Lambeth degree of Doctor of Divinity. A trial ensued, when the archiepiscopal power was admitted as sufficient to enable the divine to hold the preferment. An elaborate and acute state of the case, which was drawn up by the bishop, was printed both at Oxford and Cambridge; and many able judges of the question, were of opi nion, that there was a -good deal of policy and expediency mixed with the law, in the decision that was made upon it. WHITE KENNET, Bishop of Peterborough, aval, with a patch upon his forehead, mez. Faber, s. ad vivum, 1719. White Kennet, Bishop of Peterborouo-h, mez. J. Smith sc. White Kennet, Bishop of Peterborough, as Judas, w THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 87 GEORGE I. CLASS IV. in the altar-piece in Whitechapel Church in London, representing the Last Supper , Fellows pinx. This extraordinary man, born at Dover, Au gust 10, 1660, was the son of the Rev. Basil Kennet, M.A. of the university of Dublin; rector of Dimchurch, vicar of Postling, and incumbent of the sinecure of Orgaswich, all in Kent. He received his baptismal name from his maternal grandfather, Mr. Thomas White, a master ship wright, who had been mayor of Dover. Ken- net was seized by the small-pox when he was to leave a country school to attend ihe election at Westminster; after which he was appointed tutor to the sons of Mr. Tolson, at Beaksborne; but in the following year he went to St. Edmund's Hall, Oxford. His abilities were great, and they obtained him considerable interest in the univer sity; and in the sequel, at court; and in the city of London, where he was, successively, rector of St. Botolph, Aldgate, and St. Mary, Alderman- bury. His opinions were of the most versatile description ; and from a violent tory he became a staunch whig. Queen Ann presented him to the deanery of Peterborough; and he was conse crated bishop of that see, November 9, 1718. His death occurred at his house in St. Janaes's-street, Westminster, December 19, 1728; but he was buried in his own cathedral, according to his di rection, where a funeral sermon was preached, as he had desired. Dr. Kennet was, undoubtedly, a man of considerable abilities and wonderful ac quirements; but was still more distinguished by his incessant literary labours. He is little known as a pqet; moderately, perhaps, as a divine; but as an historian and antiquary, his name will be re membered as long as the language he wrote in is read. A catalogue of his printed works may be 0 4 .. found 88 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS IV. found in his "Life," written in 1730, which is but a poor performance, and in the " Biographia *f Britannica." Lord Lansdowne possessed many of his valuable manuscripts; and Mr. West had many of his printed books, with curious notes, illustrating the authors and the contents. There is a scarce collection of .tracts, from an early date, at Peterborough ; particularly such as were published during the great rebellion : chests of these were sent to me, by my kind friend, Dr. Hinchliffe, a successor of Kennet in this see, which were extremely useful when writing the Cromwell Memoirs. If the bishop had his weak nesses, he possessed many virtues. His munifi cence at Ambroseden in Oxfordshire, in repairing the church, and adorning the parsonage, built by Dr. Stubbing, over whose remains he laid a stone, was very great. The repairs of the church must have been very expensive; as he had the bells re-cast, erected a new pulpit, placed a vane on the spire, and enclosed the cemetery with a high stone wall and an elegant gate. This expendi ture was the more praise-worthy, as he had just emerged from the drudgery of being an usher at 'Burcester in that county, where he was curate. He afterwards exchanged a city living for one of less value. Dr. Kennet was more liberal in his sentiments than his antagonists; witness his con duct to Dr. Hicks, the learned non-juror. His enemies said, he boasts of his " moderation." " Yes, his moderation is known unto all men." They usually called him, " The dean, the tray tor;" and they even pourtrayed him as Judas the Be trayer, in a picture of the Last Supper, which was placed over the altar in Whitechapel-* church. The figure, too strong a likeness to be mistaken, Was habited in a black garment^ between a gown and a cloak, with a black scarf and a white band, a short THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS IV. a short wig, and a mark on his forehead, some thing between a lock of hair and a patch*, seated in an arm-chair. The reason of the latter appears to have been, that the Judas first designed was Bishop Burnet; but, for fear of Scandalum mag- natum the dean was substituted. He seems to have disreguarded the insult; but the Bishop of London ordered the painting to be. removedf. The print from this picture, in the library of the Society of Antiquaries, has four manuscript lines under it, said to be written by Maittaire : To say the picture does to him belong, Kennet does Judas and the painter wrong : False is the image, the resemblance faint; Judas, compared to Kennet, is a saint. The following couplet is printed on the engrav ing : " Falleris hac qui te pingi sub imagine credis; ff Non similis Judas est tibi, pcenituit." The Rev. Dr. Basil Kennet, well known in the republic of letters, was his brother. The bishop left no children, and his widow married again. JO HN WAUGH, Bishop of Carlisle, a book and pen upon his knees, mez. Vr.Rankp. 1723, Faber sc. 1727. Dr. Waugh was a native of Appleby in Cum berland, where he received his school education ; whence he removed to Queen's College, Oxford, of which society he afterwards became a Fel- * When shooting, in January, 1689, at Middleton-Stony, Oxfordshire, the gun burst, and a splinter tore away the tables of his skull : he under went the trepan, and ever after wore a black velvet patch over the place. As he lay on the heri, with his head and brains thus injured, he dictated a Latin poem to a friend, who sat beside him; a rare instance of fortitude. When he had completed the poem his memory forsook him, and he remembered nothing "but his misfortune until he recovered from the trepanning. -r The picture is still there, the offence hariDg been done away by altering the figure of Judas. . - - low, 00 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS IV. . low. His preferments were dean of Gloucester; a stall in Lincoln Cathedral; the rectory of St. Peter's, Cornhill, London; chaplain to Hi*. Ma jesty: and he was elected bishop of Carlisle, Oc tober, 1723; a promotion very. acceptable to the clergy and gen.try of that diocese, who highly esteemed him. His lordship died, at his town- residence, Queen's Square, Westminster, Octo ber 29, 1734, aged 7$ years; and was buried under the communion-table in St.Peter's Church, Cornhill. His son, the Rev. Dr. John Waugh, chancellor and prebendary of Carlisle, was in stalled dean of Worcester, November 14, 1751. SAMUEL BRADFORD, Bishop of Rochester, wh. length, as Dean of the Order of the Rath, small Mo. in Pine's "History of the Order," folio. Dr. Bradford was a native of London, and edu cated at Bennet College, Cambridge; but intend ing to apply himself to the study of physic, he left the university without receiving a degree. Afterwards changing his inclinations in favour of the church, Archbishop Sancroft procured the royal mandate for his degree of M.A.; but he did not take holy orders till the Revolution, when he was appointed minister of the church belonging to St. Thomas's Hospital, and collated to the rec tory of St. Mary le Bow, where he preached Boyle's Lectures. Upon Her Majesty's visiting Cambridge in 1705, he obtained the degree of D.D. and soon after received a prebendal stall at Westminster. In 1,710 the bishopric of St. David's was offered to his acceptance, with permission to hold his other preferment with it; but the then ministry not only refused their assent to this ar rangement, but insisted upon his resigning the rectory of Bow, which he declined/ and the see 1718 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. -gl »¦*'•¦ ' • i ' GEORGE I. CLASS IV. was given to another. The mastership of his col lege was soon after conferred upon him ; and in 1718 he was consecrated bishop of Carlisle, whence he was translated to Rochester, and also made dean of Westminster: and on the revival of the order of the bath he became dean of the order, July, 1723. The bishop died at the deanery-house, Westminster, May 17, 1731, aged 79; and was buried in the Abbey, where there is a monument to his memory. He was greatly dis liked at first, by the gentry in the north, for having spoke in the House against Dr. Atterbury. The " True Briton" calls him, the little Ebony Doctor; but at length his intrinsic worth regained him the public esteem. His lordship was an assi duous preacher as long as his health permitted; and he graced his abilities and learning with mild and gentle manners. He assisted in preparing Archbishop Tillotsori's posthumous sermons for the press. ROBERT CLAVERING, Bishop of Peterborough, mez. T. Gibson p. J. Simon sc. Dr. Robert Clavering, son of William Claver- ing, Esq. of Tillmouth in the palatinate of Dur ham, was a Fellow of University College, and canon of Christchurch, Oxford; consecrated bi shop ofLandaffin 1724; translated to Peterbo rough in 1728; and died July 21, 1747. This prelate was very learned, and particularly in the Hebrew language, of which he retained the pro fessorship, with his canonry at Oxford, till his death. He married Mary, second daughter of John Cook, Esq. a Spanish merchant, niece to Sir Thomas Cook, of Hackney. This lady's , brother, John Cook, Esq. was of Fawley Court, find took the surname of Freeman. EDWARD 92 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS IV. EDWARD WADDINGTON, Bishop of Chiches ter, H. Winstanleyp. 1730, J. Faber sc. - Dr. Waddington, Fellow of Eton, was of King's College, Cambridge, and consecrated bishop of Chichester in October, 1724, where he presided till his death, September. 8, 1731. Sir Edward Ernley related the following anecdote of him to Mr. Granger. .At the coronation of George II. he went- in his robes to the dean and chapter of his cathedral, when they were sitting on business, to acquaint them, that he thought it would be proper they should have a bonfire at noon, in the market-place; and, at the same time, directed them to let off plenty of squibs and crackers, pa triotically promising to find gunpowder himself. Mr, Mainingham, son of a deceased prelate of that see, replied with equal gravity, that he judged it also proper for the dean and chapter to go in their gowns and hoods, in the evening, to the top of the spire, and send off from thence a paper kite, with a lanthorn in its tail, and that he would find the candle. Dr. Maddox, to show his freedom in love, ran away with the prelate's niece, when he was chaplain to the Bishop of Winchester; which proved a fortunate alliance, as Dr. Maddox afterwards became a far greater man than even Dr. Waddington, by wearing the mitre of Worcester with great reputation. It is much to the credit of Bishop Waddington that he left his library, valued at 2000Z. to Eton« Col lege. Lord Chief Justice Reeves, who chiefly resided at Eton, also left his fine collection to the college; made chiefly by Richard Topham, Esq. keeper of the Tower records/who had bequeathed them to the judge. This library has lately re ceived a very valuable addition^ by the bequest of THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 93 GEORGE I. CLASS IV. of Anthony Storer, of Bellisle in the island of Jamaica, and of Purley in Berkshire, Esq. who, at his death, left the whole of his choice collec tion of books and prints to that society, in whose school he had been educated, though not as a member of the foundation. This benefaction is commemorated by an elegant and classical /in scription to the honour bf the donor, in the library. STEPHEN WESTON, Bishop of Exeter, sitting in an elbow chair, with a book, mez. T. Hudson pinx. G. White sc. Dr. Weston, a native of Devonshire, had his education at Eton, and at King's College, Cam bridge, of which he was also Fellow, as he was af terwards of Eton; having been for some years second master in the school there. He was vicar of Maple-Durham in Oxfordshire; and collated to a stall at Ely, June 23, 1715. Dr. Wes ton, it is believed, was particularly indebted to the friendship of Sir Robert Walpole for his pro motion to the mitre: they had been school-boys ..together, and both Fellows of the same society at Cambridge. His conduct as a prelate did credit to the recommendation. He was1 consecrated bishop of Exeter, December 28, 1724; and dying, January 16, 1741>-2, aged 77, was buried in his own cathedral. Bishop Sherlock published his ser mons, in two volumes, several of which the Right Rev. writer had himself prepared for the press. " The style of these discourses," says the editor, " is strong and expressive; but the " best Greek and Roman writers were so familiar " to the author, that it leads him frequently into UNSTER,M.A. prefixed to his "Trans- " lation of Horace," 1712, 8vo. M. Vr. Gucht sc. The Dunsters, of Dunster, and afterwards of Ilchester, both in Somersetshire, were a family of great respectability. I have no doubt that this translator was a native of the same county. Mr. Granger merely mentions his name, degree, and preferment; and Mr. Bromley only observes, that he was living in 1719: but they both say he was a prebendary of Sarum. I think it not impro bable, that he was a son, or other near relation, of Thomas Dunster, D.D. elected warden of Wad ham THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 113 GEORGE I. CLASS IV. ham College, Oxford, in 1689, upon the promo tion of Dr. Gilbert Ironside to the see of Bristol. A brother translator* does not convey a very fa vourable idea of the version of Horace by Mr. Dunster, in these lines, in a poem professedly on the subject of translation : " Oe'r Tibur's swan the Muses wept in vain, " And mourn'd their bard, by cruel Dunster slain." But that genius, learning, and taste, are now at least familiar with this name, there needs no other evidence than the English translation of the ff progs of Aristophanes," and the edition of Philips's " Cyder," and the " Paradise regained" of Milton, by the present worthy incumbent of the valuable vicarage of Petworth. ROBERT NEWTON, prefixed to his " Catechism," 1717, la. 8vo. G. Vr. Gucht sc. Since inscribed Laurence How el; in this state it is without the eoat of arms. Neither Granger nor Bromley mention more than the name of this clergyman; nor have I been able to discover any particulars of his life, per sonal history, or writings. SAMUEL CROXALL, S.T.P. 1709, 12mo. Rown- awitz p. Clarke, 8gc. Samuel Croxall, S.T.P. mez. R. Dandridgep. Fa ber sc. 1730. Dr. Samuel Croxall obtained the vicarage of Hampton in Middlesex, 1714; besides which, he had the united parishes of St. Mary, Somerset, * The late Rev. Thomas Francklin, D.D. Fellow of Trinity College, Cam bridge, and Greek professor there. Vol. III. I and 114 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS. IV. and St. Mary, Mounthaw in London; and was ap pointed chancellor, and canon residentiary of Hereford, and archdeacon of Salop. He gained these preferments by the celebrity of his pen,. which he employed more as a political writer in the whig interest, than as a poet. He translated several works, particularly iEsop's Fables; and in. his younger days he was the author of a poem, called the " Fair Circassian," a kind of poetical paraphrase of Solomon's Song. As a politician,. he flourished from the latter part of the reign of Queen Ann till his death; and in the reign of George II. he had considerable influence. Dr. Croxall died February 6, 1752. He married Phillippa, daughter of Edward Progers, Esq. of Hampton, page of honour to Charles I. and groom of the bed-chamber to Charles II. Of this gentleman the following very remarkable cir cumstance is recorded,, that he died of a fever,. occasioned by the pain he underwent in cutting, a new set of teeth, at the great age of 93. JOHN LAURENCE, M.A. prefixed to his « Gar dening," 1717, &vo. G. Vertue sc. The Rev. John Lawrence, M.A. prebendary of Salisbury, excelled in the art of gardening, and particularly in cultivating fruit-trees. This divine- published a new system of agriculture, and a complete body of husbandry and gardening; but did not teach others without understanding the subject from practice, as too many have attempt ed. He had raised a fine collection of trees, which, it was said, bore fruit not inferior to those in Languedoc. Naturally hospitable and bene volent, he had great pleasure in presenting a rich dessert to his friends. I do not know a more pleasing^or healthful occupation, than agricul- I ture .THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 115 GEORGE I. CLASS IV. ture and gardening, occupations so compatible with the life of a rural clergyman. Mr. Lawrence wisely remarks of gardening, that it is the most wholesome exercise, being ad ruborem non ad sudorem. It is such an exercise as studious men require; less violent than the sports of the field, and more so than fishing. It is, in fine, the happy medium. Millar, however, has superseded his labours, who lived in the days of greater experi ence, in a spot, the centre of general knowledge, and whose sole occupation was horticulture : Lawrence, when it was just rising into estimation, yet his merit is considerable. He resided at a great distance from the capital; I believe, at Bi- shop-Weremouth in the county of Durham, as he was rector of that parish from 1721 till his death, May 18, 1732. He did not, it is evident, give more time to his fields aud his gardens, than a good priest ought : for he is said to have written several moral tracts, which, I presume, were on religious subjects, and recommendatory of the Christian virtues. THOMAS FORD, A.M. oval, mez. Ipse sc. Pri vate plate, extremely scarce. The Rev. Thomas Ford, of Christchurch, Ox ford, was prebendary and vicar choral of Wells, and vicar of Banwell and Wokey in the county of Somerset. This gentleman, who died August 29, 1746, was father of the late deservedly eminent physician and accoucheur, Dr. Ford. PHILIP STUBBS, M.A. aval frame, his own hair, mez. T. Murray p. 1713, J. Faber 17-2.2. Philib Stubbs, M.A. oval, 8vo. mez, J. Faber, ad vivum. I 2 Philip II 6" THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS IV. Philip Stubbs, M.A. in the print with Sacheve- rel and Higgins. Philip Stubbs, A.M. was appointed archdeacon of St. Alban's, October 1, 1715; besides which, he was rector of Woolwich, but resigned that living in 1695; rector of St. Alphage in London, and of Lornton in Oxfordshire, which he held till his death. He resided at Greenwich, being first chaplain to the royal hospital, and died there in September, 1738, and was buried in the old cemetery; but his monument, with several others, is preserved in the mausoleum built in the new burying-ground. His widow survived him till 1759, and died at the age of 95. Dr. Stubbs printed many single sermons: " The re- (f ligious Seaman, fitted with proper Devotion on " all Occasions," London, 1696, 8vo.; and"Ad- " vice to the Clergy of St. Alban's," in several tracts. He is said to have obtained his archdea conry by reading the service of the church with singular devotion and accuracy; and to have greatly improved many of the clergy who heard him : and to give them an opportunity of so doing, he was ready to read prayers in different churches, whenever an opportunity presented it self. Conscious of his excellence in this parti cular, he had that paper of the " Spectator," in which his manner of reading is commended, printed by itself, and hung up in his parlour.- Mr. Granger was informed, that there is a head of him, attached to the Number of the " Specta- " tor" alluded to, done by his own desire; but that gentleman observes, it is more probable the head and the " Spectator" were distinct publi cations. ANDREW THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 117 GEORGE I. CLASS IV. ANDREW SNAPE, S.T.P. mez. Faber, ad vivum. This plate, Granger says, has been altered to Hen ley, (tlie orator, I suppose.) Dr. Andrew Snape, Scholar, head Master, and at last Fellow, of Eton College, is well known as the leader of the famous Bangorian controversv, that, for so long a time, interested the public, and divided the polemical writers of that day; the subject of which was, the visible and invisible church of Christ. Dr. Hoadley, then bishop of Bangor, preached a sermon before the king, March 31, 1717, on the nature of Christ's king dom. Dr. Snap1 e answered this, as contrary to his ideas, and was soon joined by Dr. Hare, Dr. Potter, and Dr. Sherlock. This controversy, "bolted to the bran," had many auxiliary forces of inferior strength; but the honour of the contest lay chiefly with the above great men. It had one good effect, in promoting Hoadley to Winchester, long designed for Atterbury; and it brought Hare, first to St. Asaph, then to Chichester; and Potter, to Oxford, and thence to Canterbury. The latter, in point of precedence, seemed to belong to Dr. Snape; but he never obtained the mitre, though the original combatant. He was installed canon of Windsor in 1713; had a fellowship at Eton; and was elected provost of King's College, Cambridge, in 1719. He died December 23, 1743, with the reputation of a very good writer. The claims of lunatics on the humanity of the public were nobly stated by him, in two spitai sermons, preached in 1707 and 1718. As a controversialist, he was violent and implacable : in private life he was humane, ami able, ingenious, and gained the general esteem 13 and 118 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS IV. and love of all who had the happiness to know him. MATTHEW HOLE, D.D. prefixed to his " Expo- " sitiori of the. Catechism," 1732, 8vo. M. Vr, Gucht sculp. Dr. Hole, rector of Exeter College, wrote an Exposition on the Catechism of the national Church, and sermons on the Common Prayer and Church Catechisms, in six vols. 8vo. 1714; but I do not know of any other Ikerary production by him. I apprehend he died in 1737, when he was succeeded in his college by the Rev. James Edgecomb, D.D. Bob Symons, a clerical wag of Oxford, was very like the Doctor; and as there are few men without their little peculiarities, par ticularly studious men, Bob would occasionally make free with the air and gestures of Dr. Hole, and particularly in imitating a certain dictatorial consequence and dignity that the Doctor was apt to display in his general look and manner. This, when reported to him, could not be very pleasing to the ears even of the rector; what then must have been his displeasure and impa tience, when he saw himself in caricature, as it were, at a visitation-dinner, where they were both present, in the full sight of the assembled clergy, according to the Horetian Canon, " Segnius irritant anirnos demissa per aures' " Quam quae sunt oculis subjecta fidelibus." SAMUEL CLARKE, D.D. a bust, mez. J. Faber sculp. Samuel Clarke, D.D. in "Hist, des Philos. Mod." 1762, Francois sc. Samuel THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS IV. Samuel Clarke, D.D. in Rirch's " Lives," T.Gib son p. J. Houbraken sc. Samuel Clarke, D.D. 12mo. Nixon sc. Samuel Clarke, D.D. oval frame, gownandband, mez. Gibson p. J. Simon sc. Samuel Clarke, D.D. prefixed to his "Works and 4C and Life," 1749, fol. Gibson p. G. Vertue sc. Samuel Clarke, D.D. Svo. G. Vertue sc. Samuel Clarke, D:D. T. Worlidge sc. ¦Samuel Clarke, D.D. done in France, fol. Samuel Clarke, D.D. in the print with Locke, Sjc This eminently learned man and pious divine was a native of Norwich, and born October 1 1, 1675; of which city his father, Edward Clarke, JEsq. was an alderman, and a representative in parliament. From the free-school in Norwich he went to Caius College, Cambridge, where his assiduity and abilities soon brought him into no tice, aided by his patron, Dr. Moore, his dio cesan, to whom he was appointed chaplain as soon as he had taken holy orders. His prefer ments were, Drayton rectory, near Norwich; and a living in that city; preacher of Boyle's lecture; rector of St. Bennet's, Paul's Wharf, London; chaplain to Queen Ann; rector of St. James's, Westminster, to which he was presented in 1709; and master of Wigstan's Hospital at Leicester. The two latter he held till his death, which happened- May 17, 1729. Dr. Clarke possessed from nature great powers, and he spared no pains in improv ing them. His early facility in writing Latin ele gantly, and his readiness in preaching extempore, gained him great applause; but when he was presented to the living of St. James's, he left off that mode, always accurately writing his sermons. He comprehended the Newtonian philosophy early in life, and translated Sir Isaac's works into 14 classical 120 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS IV. classical Latin; previous to which, he had trans lated Rohault's Physics, arid illustrated it with notes. Religion was much indebted to Dr. Clarke, though he differed from the Church of England in some of her tenets. He was, perhaps, some times a little too speculative; but in practice he was ever exact, both in residence, and in per forming the duties of the church. He did more —he constantly read weekly prayers. If Atter bury had " more wit, he had more learning;" and had read and studied the Scriptures in their original languages : besides, he was equally skilled in the Greek and Roman authors, as his editions of Homer, and Caesar's Commentaries, abundantly testify. In private life he cultivated the softer virtues, and was a parent to his patron's family, left to his care. Though frequently engaged in controversy, he showed no acrimony. Thus, he had not a single personal enemy: which is an ex cellent proof, that angry heat is by no means ne cessary in literary disputes, and least of all in those relating to religion. Queen Caroline valued his conversation so highly, that she presented him 100/. a year for " chair-hire," as she expressed it, Her Majesty had high intentions for Dr. Clarke in the church; but orthodoxy prevailed, at that time, over the inclinations of a queen, who was forced to content herself with placing his bust in her hermitage, in company with those of some other of the greatest ornaments of our age and country. His works are numerous; and his post humous volumes were published by his brother, John Clarke, D.D. dean of Sarum. He had issue by Catherine, daughter of the Rev. Lock- wood, rector of Little Missington, Norfolk, seven children. Two died before, and one immedi ately after him. Innocence is playful : Dr. Clarke not only loved to show his agility, by jumping qver THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 121 GEORGE I. CLASS IV. over chairs and tables, but he would often unbend himself with his own or other children, in a way that would disgust austerity; but he would in stantly stop if he saw a weak person approaching them, giving himself, the watchword, " Be grave, "here comes a fool." The merits of Dr. Clarke are thus summed up by a great admirer, and a competent judge of his character, the late Dr. Salter, of the Charter-House : " Samuel Clarke, D.D. rector of St. James's, " Westminster, was in each several part of useful " knowledge and critical learning, perhaps, with- " out a superior; iri all united, certainly without " an equal. In his works, the best defender of " religion; in his practice, the greatest ornament " to it : in his conversation, communicative, and " in an uncommon manner, instructive : in his ff preaching and writings, strong, clear, and calm : ff in his life, high in the esteem of the wise, the fc good, and the great; in his death, lamented by " every friertd to learning, truth, and virtue. JOSEPH SEWELL, DD, own hair, band, scarce, 1730? mez. J. Smitbert p. P. Pelham sc. Neither Granger nor Bromley knew any thing of this clergyman; but I presume he was of the ancient and respectable family of Sewell, of Great-Heny in Essex, who bore, argent on a band, gules, three martlet of the first; and for a crest, a mural crown, surmounted by a martlet of the first. Thomas Sewell, of that place, Gent. died in 1707, aged 61, leaving issue by Alice, daughter of Joseph Beaumont, of Hadley, Gent) Thomas Joseph Beaumont, and two daughters. Joseph, the second son, married Miss Scarling, of Sudbury, and had issue, Joseph and Margaret; but I am uncertain whether the former Joseph was IU THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GtOKGE I. CLASS. IV. was this person represented in the print. Morant mentions him, without either prefix or addition to his name. Dr. George Sewell, a physician of Hampstead, was, without doubt, of a branch of this family, who contributed to the supplemental volumes of the " Spectator" and "Tatler;" and had the principal share in a translation of "Ovid's " Metamorphoses:" but distinguished himself most by his tragedy of "Sir Walter Raleigh," which •has much merik He had written some scenes for another, called Richard the First, which fragment was printed after his death; and there is also extant a volume of poems by him. He died in wretched poverty, and so destitute of friends, that his corpse was attended to the grave, in Hampstead Churchyard, over which there is not even a name less stone, by a single person only. Probably Dr. Joseph Sewell was not rnqre fortunate in life, or we should have known something further of his history. WILLIAM CROWE, D.D. prefixed to Ms " Ser- " mons" 1756, 8vo. doubtful, according to Rromley: quere, why? J. Smith sc. 1 suppose Dr. Crowe was the son of William Crowe, writing-master, of Croydon, Surry, whq published a catalogue of English writers on the' Old and New Testament, which has been fre quently printed. Dr. Crowe was chaplain to Gibson, bishop of London, by whose patronage he obtained the rectory of St. Botolph's, Bishop- gate-street, in 1730; and that of Finchley, Middle sex, in 1731. He was chosen president of Sion College in 1740; died in 1743; and was buried in the cemetery of Finchley, where there' is a stone over hts remains. A volume of his sermons appeared in 1744. ROBERT THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 123 GEORGE I. CLASS IV. ¦ ROBERT WARREN, S.T.P. prefixed to his " Ser- " mons," 8vo. Ticket p. H. Fletcher sc. Robert Warren, S.T.P. la. 8vo. J. Worsdale p. G. Vr. Gucht sc. Robert Warren, S.T.P. 12mo. H. Hulsbergh sc. Dr. Warren was the first incumbent of Strat ford le Bow, after the living was made a rectory ; and perpetual curate of Hampstead, where he re sided, and died July 1, 1740 He was buried in the cemetery, as were Dorothy, his widow, in 1742, and his son, the Rev. Langhorne Warren, (his successor at Hampstead,) in 1762. Dr. Warren wrote fifty-two practical discourses, de signed for each Lord's Day in the year; several single sermons; the " Daily Self-Examiner," which went through many editions; the " Im- " partial Churchman," 1728, 8vo.; "Antidote " against Atheism, Svo. or 12mo. ; an " Answer " to Hoadley on the Nature of the Sacrament;" and, I believe, some other tracts. The present minister of Hampstead, the Rev. Erasmus Warren, A.M. presented to it in 1762, is, doubtless, a descendant from this divine. BENJAMIN, COLEMAN, D.D. mez. J. Smitbcrt p. P. Pelham sc. 1735. Benjamin Coleman, D.D. JEt. 30, 1703, 8vo. Of this divine I have not been able to trace any thing more than what the engravings tell us, unless that, according to Bromley, he appears to have been living in 1728. LEWIS 124 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS IV. LEWIS ATTERBURY, LL.D. prefixed to his " Sermons," 1744, 8vo. T. Gibson p. G. Vertue sc. Dr. Atterbury was the eldest son of the rector of Milton in Buckinghamshire, but was born at Cal- decot in that county, 1656. Though inferior to his brother in acquirements, yet he obtained much deserved celebrity. Had the bishop acted with po licy, Lewis would have been promoted under his patronage; and his abilities would have sanctioned such promotion, however considerable. He was collated to the rectory of Hornsey in 1719; but having previously resided at Highgate for some time, he had been elected preacher of that chapel in 1695. Besides which, he held the rectory of Sywell in Northamptonshire; and was preacher to Queen Ann, at her palaces of St. James and Whitehall. At his death, which occurred Octo ber 20, 1731, aged 76, at Bath, he had been thirty-six years preacher of Highgate Chapel; twenty-four years rector of Sheperton in Middle sex; and eleven years of Hornsey; and was buried in the chapel of Highgate. By Penelope, daugh ter of John Bedingfield, Esq. who died in 1723, he had issue, four children : two who died young; the Reverend Bedingfield Atterbury, A.M. who died in 1718, soon after he had entered into holy orders; and Penelope, married to Mr. George Sweetapple, of St. Andrew's, Holborn, brewer : they had an only child, Penelope. Dr. Atterbury printed some works on divinity, seve ral sermons; and others were published after his death. His feelings were known to be very acute on the ruin of his brother, the bishop. ROBERT THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 125 GEORGE I. CLASS IV. ROBERT CAMELL, LL.D. writing, velvet cap, mez. Heins, ad vivum. This divine, according to Bromley, was rector of Bradwell, Suffolk: he died in 1732. ROBERT LUMLEY LLOYD, D.D. sitting, mez. Faber, jun. ad vivum, 1729, scarce. The Rev. Dr. Lloyd, of noble descent, was a man of eminent abilities, which were displayed even when a boy at school, where he became the wonder of those who knew him; but he did not pursue his studies with the same vigour at col lege. Indeed, his chambers at Cambridge exhi bited little more than scenes of revelry. After taking holy orders, he obtained the rectory of St. Paul's, Covent Garden, of the Duke of Bed ford; and in the year 1723, he presented a peti tion to George I. claiming the barony of Lumley, as heir at law to Ralph, the first Lord Lumley; which His Majesty referred to the House of Peers, and a committee of privileges sat In conse quence*; but not admitted: for, the Earl of Scarborough being heard by his counsel, Lord Delaware reported, by order of the House, March 23, 1723, that the barony contended for, being already in that nobleman, Dr. Lloyd had no right to a writ of summons. He died in Novem- * His claim to the title was supposed to he made out by him, that Humphrey Lloyd, of Denbigh, Esq. married Barbara Lumley, daughter of George Lumley, Esq executed for treason,, in the 29th Hen. VIII. son of John Lumley, Lord Lumley, which only son of Humphrey Lloyd, alias Rossindale, of Denbigh, Esq. had issue, Henry Lloyd, of Cheam in Surry, Esq. who, by Mary, daughter of Robert l'rowe, of Bromtield in Essex, Esq. had Henry, his heir, who married Isabella, daughter of .loham Perkyns, of Bumory, in Nottinghamshire, Esq. and had Henry Lloyd, of Cheam, Esq. who died December 3, 1104 ; leaving by Elizabeth, daughter of Benjamin Godoodwin, of Streatham, Esq. one son, the claimant, the Rev. Robert Luux- fey Lloyd, D.D. her,, 126 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS' IV. ber, 1729, when he devised the manor of Cheam to the Duke of Bedford, who sold it Mr. Northey. As Cheam had long been the property of the Lumleys, the church contains magnificent monu ments of John Lord Lumley and his two wives. Barbara, the daughter of this nobleman, brought Cheam to the Lloyds. Dr. Lloyd had the cha racter of a proud man, valuing himself much on his descent; was greatly attached to the study of botany, and was esteemed also an eminent florist. J. T. DESAGULIERS, LL.D. H. Hussey pinx. J. Tookey sc. Granger mentions, but does not describe the print. Dr. John Theophilus, Desaguliers, the son of a French Protestant clergyman, was educated at Christ's College, Cambridge ; and settled in Lon don, though he held the donative of Whitchurch in Middlesex, given to him by the Duke of Chandos. It is to his credit, that he was the first person who read lectures on experimental philo sophy in the capital; and the public' received him with respect. These lectures he published in two volumes, 4to. besides other philosophical works, and a thanksgiving sermon, preached be fore his sovereign. The Royal Society had so just a sense of his merit, that they appointed him a salary, to enable him to exhibit a varietv of new experiments before that respectable body; and several of his papers are preserved in their transactions. The Doctor died at his lodgings at the Bedford Coffee-house, Covent Garden, Fe bruary 29, 1744; and was buried, March 26, at the Savoy. He was, undoubtedly, a man of con siderable abilities; and usually had pupils at home with him when a housekeeper. His income must have been considerable, as he kept an equi page. See the force of example ! Erasmus King; from. THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 1ST GEORGE I. CLASS IV. from being coachman, became a kind of rival to the Doctor; for he also undertook to read lec tures, and exhibits experiments in natural philo sophy. But the seat of his Lyceum was at Lam beth Marsh; and his terms of admission were proportioned to the humble situation he had formerly been in. THOMAS WOOD, LL.D. prefixed to his " Insti- « tute of the Laws of England," 1724, fol. M. Vr. Gucht sc. Dr. Wood, rector of Hardwick in Buckingham shire, is deservedly remembered for his " Insti- " tute of the Laws of England;" a work com mended by the learned and revered Blackstone, his successor in that line, and a thorough judge- of its merits. He also published an anonymous pamphlet, entituled " An Appendix to the Life, " of Seth Ward," bishop of Salisbury. In it he very severely censures the innocent pleasantries of Dr. Walter Pope, particularly for the liberties- he has taken with his cousin Anthony a Wood, the Oxford antiquary. But if people will be oddities, what law is there against laughing a£ them? It is with more justice, perhaps, that he- blames Dr. Pope for dwelling too much upon- minutiae.JOHN HUDSON, D.D. fol. W. Sommans pinx, S. Gribelin sc. This print is generally inscribed Sir William Dajtjes, the plate having been altered on. Dr. Hudson's decease. This learned principal of St. Mary's Hall, Ox ford, so well known as the keeper of tjie Bod leian Library, was born in 16G2, at Widehope in Cockermouth, Cumberland. Having received ¦the rudiments of the learned languages from Mr Jerom. 128 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. . , GEORGE I. CLASS. IV. Jerom Hechstetter, who lived near the place of his nativity, he was sent, at the age of 14, to Queen's College, Oxford, where his rapid pro gress in philosophy gained him the patronage of Radcliffe. The preferments he received were justly merited, as he had proved himself a judici ous critic, and the learned editor of many valu able works. Dr. Hudson seemed to be a citizen of the world : for the learned of the British do minions, and those of every other polished na tion, had a pride and pleasure in being his cor respondents. He presented copies of all his works to these his numerous foreign friends, and they sent Jiim their own in return; which was the means of greatly enriching the Bodleian Library with various philosophical works in different lan guages. Unfortunately, intense application to study, and too great abstemiousness, brought on a dropsy ; and thus this valuable man was lost to the world, after an illness of a year and a half's continuance, November 27, 1719, at the age of 57. He was buried in the chancel of St. Mary's Church, where the plainest inscription possible, points out the place where his remains lie. It was disgraceful to those who ought to have promoted him, that he so justly complained of having never received any ecclesiastical preferment. Dr. Hud son married Margaret, daughter of Sir Robert Harrison, Bart, alderman of, and a mercer in, Ox ford, who united herself, after his death, with the Rev. and learned Anthony Hall. Margaret, their only child, having unguardedly corresponded with the Rev. John Goole, vicar of Eynsham, he threatened to sue her for half her fortune, under pretence of breach of promise of marriage; but the letters he published proving him silly, as well as base, he obtained nothing but the world's contempt. Miss Hudson afterwards gave her hand THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 129 GEORGE I. CLASS IV. hand tq the Rev. John Boyce, rector of Saint- bury, Gloucestershire, son of Sir John Boyce, mayor of Oxford. Dr. Hudson was a man highly anddeservedly respected for his virtues, as well as his abilities. In person he was handsome, of a pleasing countenance and moderate stature; and Originally pf a, good constitution. His print con veys a perfect idea of the former parts of this de- scriptiori. GEORGE OLDHAM, B^D. mez. J. Ellys pinx. Faber sc. I can find no clue to the history of this clergy man, nor why his portrait was engraved, unless he was the father of Nathaniel Oldham, Esq. who died at Ealing, Middlesex, in the year J 728. As Mr. Bromley says he was living in 1720, the print Was, perhaps, one of the last engraved by Faber, who died in 1721. ; THOMAS WOOLSTON, B.D. in a lay habit, fol. B. Dandridgep. J. Vr. Gucht sc. Thomas Woolston was a native of Northamp ton; the son of a reputable tradesman; and bOrn in 1669. He was sent from the grammar- school of tliat town to Sidney College, Cam bridge, iii 1685, where his conduct was exem plary, and his learning very considerable. By early habit he acquired great facility in writing ; but, with an unsettled mind, and without con- troul, he brought upon himself great misfor tunes, and has fatally injured his fame. His works caused a ferment throughout the kingdom at the time, and the more so, as he was in holy orders, and Fellow of a college. The freethinkers, how ever, cried him up; and the more he swerved Vol. III. K from 130 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. \ ¦ — '- GEORGE I. CLASS IV. I ' '¦ ¦ ' from revelation, the more exalted he was in their estimation. Being deprived of his fellowship, he found fraternal support from Mr. Woolston, his brother, an alderman of Northampton. Enthu siasm never has any limits : he, who had been the strenuous defender of the miracle relative to the Thundering Legion, ventured openly to attack Christianity in its vital parts; and endeavoured to discredit the literal accomplishment of the mi racles of our Saviour, not so much by systematic argumentation, as by an exercise of wit, extremely offensive, and nearly, if not quite amounting to blasphemy in expression. Entreaty availed no thing; lenity was disregarded ; and when tried for his conduct, though he praised Judge Raymond's conduct, he despised the decision of an unlearn ed jury : but a jury of honest men can well de cide upon a public attack on Christianity. His asperity against the clergy was pointed, indecent, and unbecoming. The shocking productions of his pen were doomed to be burnt by the public executioner; and he was sentenced to be impri soned one year, and pay a fine of 1001. There were many who execrated his writings, yet, think ing him rather -an enthusiastical, than a wicked man, sent him money; and some, at. the head of whom was Dr. Clarke, thought his sentence was contrary to the principles of toleration, and therefore endeavoured to befriend him in the palace. He had obtained the rules of the court of King's Bench prison, and he remained within them when the year expired, as he was unable to pay his fine. In this state of distress death came seasonably to his release, by the epidemic com plaint that then prevailed: a violent cold, to which was added a total stoppage of his stomach. He died, January 27, 1732-3; and was buried in the THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 131 GEORGE I. CLASS IV. the cemetery of St. George, Southwark, Janu ary 30. He was always temperate and frugal; declaring, that if he possessed more than 60Z. per annum he could not spend it. All his enjoyments seemed centered in writing whatever fancy in fluenced him, however contradictory, and how ever dangerous to the community. He who takes away the religion of his neighbour, deprives him of an inestimable blessing that no earthly gift can compensate. The crime is most flagitious : yet Woolston did not seem to think he had done wrong, and his death was composed; such as in nocence, as heroic fortitude might envy. A very short time only before that event occurred, as he sat by the fire, he asked his nurse to assist him to lie down on his bed, which she did. He re mained calm; and after saying, " This is a struggle ff which all men must go through; which I bear " not only patiently, but with willingness;" and having himself closed his eyes and mputh, he de parted quietly. During the whole of his illness he had behaved with the most decent cheerful ness; and there was not a stain upon his moral character in any respect. Such was this extraor dinary man. His writings, above mentioned, were generally disapproved of, there being a coarse ness and levity in them very unbecoming his profession and the subject* : and called forth an swerers in abundance, most of whom, such was his confidence in his own abilities, and such his conviction of the rectitude of his opinions, he professed to disregard as unworthy of a reply; and the higher the rank of those who entered the lists with him, the less regard did he seem to pay * — blasphemy displeases all the town; } And for defying scripture, law, and crown, > Woolston should pay his fine, aud lose his'gown. j K2 to 132 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. - . GEORGE I. CLASS. IV. to their arguments, or the opposition they made to him. CHRISTOPHER CLARKE, A.M. in his canonicals, pointing with the fore finger of the left hand to the Holy Rible, and with his right, to a bust of the Czar Peter the First, Van Diest p. J. Faber fee. 1740. The Rev. Christopher Clarke, M.A. of Mar- lingford Hall, Norfolk, was born at Norwich; educated at Christ's College, Cambridge; and or dained priest in Lambeth Chapel, February 27, 1697, by John, lord bishop of Norwich, in the presence of that renowned emperor Peter I. Czar of Muscovy. There were also present on that occasion, Thomas Tenison, archbishop of Can terbury; and Gilbert Burnet, bishop of Sarum. He was inducted to the rectory of Keston,.in April, 1704; and to that of Hayes, June 10, 1714; both in the county of Kent; but here- signed the former, December 25, 1733. Besides which, he was made archdeacon of Norwich in 1721; a prebendary of Ely ; chaplain to James, Carl of Derby; a member of the incorporated society for propagating the gospel in foreign parts; and one of the governors of the new Ge neral Hospital at Path. Mr. Clarke was hand some in person, and had a pleasing manner. He died at Marlingford Hall, May 19, J 742. BENJAMIN NEWTON, MA. prefixed to his "Ser- " mons," 1736, Robbins p. Vr. Gucht sc. Mr. Bromley informs us this clergyman died in 1735; but I do not find his death recorded in the " Historical Register" for that year: nor do , I know a single circumstance relative to him. ANTHONY . THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 133 GEORGE I. GLASS IV. t— ¦!-¦¦¦ ¦ — ' ¦ .. . ¦ ¦ .-—.. .... iii _ ., _, .._ , ',,, , ..,il_J_» ANTHONY BLACKWALL, M.A. Rernigeroth sculp. Mo. Anthony Blackwall, M.A. prefixed to his "Sacred " Classics," 1727, 8vo. Vertue sc. The learned Anthony Blackwall, a clergyman, was a schoolmaster at Derby, and afterwards of Market-Bosworth in Leicestershire,, of which county he was a native^ and published an " In- " troduction to the Classics," in 1718. He also wrote the " Saci-ed Classics," which were pub lished by himself; a Latin edition of which was printed at Leipsic, 4t0. 1736 : before that is the print of him first above described. The intent of this latter work was to defend the sacred Writers from the attacks of the free thinkers, who averred, that the New Testament abounded in barbarous language, false Greek, and solecisms; on the contrary, he contended for the beauties of the language, and genuine ele gance of the style of the inspired penmen. Hap pily, revelation does not depend upon the sub lime and beautiful of expression. If the Old and New Testaments are to be weighed in the balance of criticism, in point of dignity and grandeur; or unadorned, yet striking simplicity; we know that Sir William Jones, one of the best judges in such a case, acknowledges they are unrivalled, however transcribers, by ignorance and haste, may have erred in these, as in other books handed down to us, through a series of time. It must be allowed, that Blackwall was well quali fied for the task he undertook, by a critical know ledge of Greek and Latin; but, remotely situated from the intercourse of the learned, he wanted the graces of language himself. He had the me rit of leading the way to biblical criticism; which may have added much to our knowledge, but, K 3 like 134 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. ¦.Ill III ¦ i '"-"ulj.l1- GEORGE I. CLASS IV. like all other things, has its inconveniences. Sir Henry Atkins, Bart' gave him the valuable rec tory of Clapham, Surry, which was the only pa rochial preferment he ever received; for the lectureship of All-Saints, Derby, could not be called such. It is singular how much custom re conciles us to situations: thus, he resigned Clap- ham, to return to Market Bosworth School, where he died April 8, 173,0, equally respected for his abilities and social qualities. He published, in 1706, " Theognidis Megarensis Sententias mo- " rales, nova Latina Versione, Notis et Emenda- " tionibus, explanatae et exornata?; una cum " variis Lectionibus, &c'.;". his " Introduction to 'f the Classics," before mentioned, is a very use ful book, and has been well received. In 172§, he was prevailed upon to print the grammar he had used with so much advantage in the education of youth; but, with a modesty peculiar almost to himself, he refused to put his name to it, lest he should thereby seem to prescribe his mode of , teaching to others. Mr. John Blackwall, hisson, an attorney, of Stoke in Leicestershire, died July 5,' 1762, aged 56; whose daughter married Mr. Wil liam Cantrell, a bookseller at Derby. THOMAS POCOCK, M.A. F.R.S. mez. G. Ha- miltonp. J. Faber sc. 1720. The family of Pocock has been consigned with honour to posterity, being distinguished for learn ing, valour, and virtue. This clergyman, in imi tation of his namesake. Dr. Edward Pocock, the eminent traveller, in the seventeenth century; and the investigating Dr Richard Pocock, F.A.s'. bishop of Meath, and afterwards ofOssory; be came a Fellow of the Royal Society, was chaplain of Greenwich Hospital, and died in 1744; He was THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND, 135 GEOKGE 1. CLASS IV. was father of the gallant admiral, Sir George Po cock, knight of the bath. PETER FINCH, M.A. .m. 87, 175Q, mez. Heins, ad vivum. The engraving of this head is of a larger size than was usually seen at that time. This divine was a minister at Norwich; and lived to an almost patriarchal age, dying in 1754, aged 92 years, THOMAS ALLEN, wh. length, prefixed to his " Practice of an holy Life," 8vo. The Rev. Thomas Allen, rector of Kettering in Northamptonshire, author of the "Practice of a holy Life," was living in 1744; but I know jio more of him, BENJAMIN BAYLY, M.A. 8m. Vertue sc. 1721. This print is omitted in Lord Orford's Catalogue of i Vertue's Works, The Rev. Benjamin Bayly was rector of St. James's at Bristol, to which living he was pre sented by the corporation, in 1697. He died in that city, April 2.5, 1720; and was buried in his own church, where there is a brass plate, with a Latin inscription to his memory. He was author of a volume of Lent Sermons, to which the above head is prefixed. JOSHUA RICHARDSON, A.M, oval frame, mez. N. Tucker p. Faber sc. The Rev. Joshua Richardson, a man of con siderable eminence amongst the London clergy, was instituted rector of All-Hallows, London- Wall, March 19, 1683; and held that living for forty years. He was dean of Sion College in K 4 1692; 13.6 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS IV. 1692; and president in 1700. When chaplain to Sir John Moore, the lord mayor, "in 1682, he, preached before his lordship, on the text taken from Proverbs xiv. verse 34, " Righteousness " exalteth a nation; but sin is a reproach to any " people:" a most appropriate selection; and never was it wanted more than in that licentious period. It is probable, from comparing dates, he so well haniiled the subject, that it procured him his rectory. This venerable divine died Ja nuary 28, 1733, aged 86 years. WILLIAM BROOME, JEt. 36, 1726, Heins p. 1725, G. Fertue sc. prefixed to his " Poems," Svo. Dr. Broome was a native of Cheshire, and edu cated on the foundation at Eton, through the kindness of his friends, who were pleased with the early proofs he gave of genius and applica tion. From thence he went to St. John's College, Cambridge, where the same fostering care was extended to him : he also obtained a small exhi bition. He was an excellent Grecian; and for tunately meeting with Pope at Madingley, Sir, John Cotton's seat, near Cambridge, an acquaint ance commenced. He is well known as the co adjutor of Pope, in his translation of " Homer's " Iliad," jointly, and of the "Odyssey" with Fen- ton. Broome was esteemed the best poet, if we. may judge by the sums paid to each: as he re ceived 500?. in money, and as many copies as were worth another hundred pounds; when Fen- ton had but 300/. Broome seems to have been gifted with rhyme, sufficient for a translator, but not for an original poet. In short, he could la bour systematically in numbers: no very common qualification. Besides his pay from the hands of Pope, he obtained the vicarage of Eye in Suffolk; and THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 137 GEORGE I. CLASS' IV. and dated his dedication of his poems to Lord Townshend, secretary of state,from Sturston, near that place : and he was also chaplain to Charles, Lord, afterwards Earl Cornwallis. He then ob tained Pulham, Norfolk, in August, 1733; and Oakley Magna in Suffolk : the pne the gift of the crown, the other an advowson belonging to Lord Cornwallis. His poems are now but little valued, and are,_indeed, upon uninteresting subjects; though, as one of the partners under the firm of Pope and Co. he will long be remembered with honour. He died at Bath, November 16, 1745; and was buried by Dr. Gooch, bishop of Nor wich, in the abbey church. Whilst at Sturston he married a lady of good fortune. The degree of LL.D. was conferred upon him April 23, 1728, when George II. visited the university of Cam bridge. One of his poetical effusions is an ode, entituled "Melancholy," occasioned by the death pf a beloved daughter, 1723, which is beneath criticism. It is not clear, however, that this was his own daughter. He left an only son, Charles Broome, who died of the small-pox in 1747, be ing then an under graduate of St. John's College, Cambridge. In person he was handsome, with very regular features; but with no striking cast of countenance, such as genius generally stamps in delibly. Broome was a respectable scholar, with no great extent of powers; but had discretion to act accordingly. He received his money as an underling, and gave himself no airs. Broome was the author of several translations from "Ana- *' ereon," printed in the early volumes of the " Gentleman's Magazine," under the signature of " Chester;" and in that miscellany for Janu ary, 1746, is a Latin elegy on his death, of which, in one of the subsequent numbers, there is also ati English translation. All that in his profes sional 138 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS IV. sional character he published were two sermOns, one preached at the assizes in 1737. JOHN LEWIS, A.M. his own hair, prefixed to his " History of the Isle of Thanet," 1736, Mo. G. White sc. There are two impressions of this print: the first has the hair and drapery different from the second; ^and the ornament at the bottom is not scraped so light as in ih'e second impression. The Rev. John Lewis was the son of a wine- cooper of Bristol, and born August 29, 1675, in in that city. FrOm Winbourn School, Dorsetshire, he was admitted a scholar at Exeter College, Ox ford. His first appointment after he had taken or ders, was the curacy of St. John's, Wapping. But he staid there only one year; as his abilities and worth gained him the patronage of the first law and literary character in the kingdom, Lord Chan cellor Somers,in 1699, who presented him therec- tory of Acrise in, Kent. In 1705 he obtained the vicarage of Margate in the Isle of Thanet. He resigned Acrise in 1706, upon being,collated by Archbishop Tenison to the rectory of Saltwood, in the same county, with the chapel of Hythe annexed; and in the same year, by that patron, he received the rectory of Eastbridge, where there is a church in ruins. In 1708 the primate gave him the vicarage of Minster in the Isle of Thanet, when he resigned Saltwood and Hvthe. Arch bishop Wake gave him, in 1719, the mastership of Eastbridge Hospital: all these his preferments were in the county of Kent, and show the value a chancellor and two metropolitans had for him. Indeed, he well deserved such patronage, as he was an exemplary divine, and an excellent historian and antiquary: as is proved by his " History of the Isle of Thanet, and the Abbey " and THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 13$ GEORGE I. CLASS IV. ¦ "'f and Church of Feversham;" " Wickliffe's fc Life," and that reformer's translation of the New Testament; an edition of the " Life and " Death of Sir Thomas Moore, by William Ro per, Esq.;" Caxton's, and Bishop Pecqck's Lives; " A Dissertation on the Use of Seals in this " Kingdom;" and several works on religious sub jects, printed or left in manuscript. This eminent and amiable man died at Margate, where he was buried; as was his wife, the youngest daughter of Robert Knowles, Gent, of Heme in Kent, who died twenty-seven years before him, without issue. They are buried under a large black marble slab, with this inscription, H. S. S. Reliquiae; Marias Lewis, et Joannis, quondam Vicarii hujus Ecclesias, qui obiit 16 Jan. 1746, iEtatis sua? 72; which was ordered by himself, and exactly in the plain, concise style of antiquity. His modesty was conspicuous in this instance. Indeed, great merit requires no monument; and men whose literary works are respectable, least of all. It is to be lamented that he did not write more of to pography, In which he greatly excelled. JOHN GALE, M.A. prefixed to his " Sermons* 8vo. J. Highmore p. Vertue sc. As this minister is represented in a coat, with out a gown, or any other clerical distinction ex cept the band, we might have supposed he was not a member of the national church; but, in Lord Orford's list of Vertue 's engravings, he is de scribed, as John Gale, M.A. and V.P. Mr. Brom ley ,140 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS IV. ley states his death to have occurred in 1721, aged 42. ARCHIBALD COCKBURN, : A.M. 1722 ? octavo, G. Vr. Gucht sc. This clergyman was rector of the parishes of St. Mary Cay on and Christ's, Nicholas Town, in the islancLof St. Christopher's; and wrote a tract, consisting of seventy pages, entituled " A philo- ' " sophical Essay concerning the intermediate " State- of the blessed Souls," 8vo. 1722, London, dedicated to the Hon. William Matthew, Esq. lieu tenant-general of the Leeward Caribbee Islands, who requested the author to give his sentiments on that important subject. There are some ob servations that make it interesting. He examines, 1. Whether souls are distinguishable one from another? 2. Whether they are distributed into vaious orders and combinations; and if so, whether this is done according to regular grada tion? 3, Whether there is a distinction of their functions; and whether their happiness consum mates at the commencement, or is ever growing and accumulative? 4. Whether there are the signs and symbols of conception among the blessed, &c. 5. Whether good virtuous souls, upon their separation from the body, transmi grate into a siibtiler corporeity, and are set into living frames of air and ether, as the vehicular hy pothesis represents? And 6. whether there are grounds of assurance for believing, that some happy souls have been incorporated after morta lity? and if there is certain evidence thereof, what sort of bodies did they assume when they returned to the world? and what was the end and design of their appearing to the living? The author is very metaphysical, especially under the fifth THE HISTORY OF EN&LAND. hi GEORGE I. CLASS IV. fifth head; and firmly believed in ghosts and ap paritions. The style of the work is stiff and pe dantic; but the author shows a pious mind throughout. We all wish to learn what is impro per to be known. But patience, and we shall all be satisfied — perhaps see infinite orders of spiri tual beings; and gradually rise in purity, in ce lestial rank and blessedness. As to ghosts, I who have been in many churches by myself, in the dark dread midnight, with only a feeble candle, could never yet get a glimpse of one, though I have had infinite curiosity to know not only what is transacting above, but what has happened be low; and have frequently thought I should like to have some intelligent beings of each century return to answer the questions I should put to them. These have been my thoughts as I have been writing on a tomb at twelve o'clock at night, by myself. I feared nothing, nor saw any thing. Rogues, thieves, pickpockets, and banditti of every description, I have feared, but never the silent dead, nor their living spirits. TOBIAS LANGDON, in a black wig, holding mu sic, mez. N. Tucker p. Faber sc. The Rev. Tobias Langdon, priest vicar of the cathedral church of St. Peter's, Exeter, wrote some tracts on music, which are now forgotten; nor doth the indefatigable Hawkins even notice him. THOMAS NEWCOMB, Chaplain to His Grace the DukeJ of Richmond, and formerly Rector of Stopham, prefixed lo his " Poem on the Last Judg- "ment," 1723, fol. mez. H. Hawkins p. J, Faber sc. 1723? T'his 142 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. .1 , i . i . GEORGE I. CLASS. IV. This gentleman was born in Herefordshire, and is said to have been maternally descended from the famous poet; Spenser; He had his education at Corpus Christi College, Oxford, where he took the degree of M.A. He was preferred in Sussex, by his patron, the Duke of Richmond; and is the author of several poems, both in English and La tin, besides that above mentioned, which is by far the most considerable of them, and which was probably the last he published. In his " Bi- " bliotheca, a satirical Poem, occasioned by the " Sight of a modern Library," are some smart lines; and his Latin version of John Philips's Ode to Mr. St. John, is a classical performancer and that for which, at this day, he is, perhaps, best known. WILLIAM HENDLEY, prefixed to his " Trial," S. Nichols, ad vivum. The Rev. William Hendley was probably a native of Kent, in which county a very respec table family, seated at Otham, descended from Sir Walter Hendley, lately became extinct; and an other branch resided, I believe, at Cranbrook, who were wealthy clothiers. This clergyman preached a charity sermon at Chislehurst, in 1718, which, was published in that year, and gave so much offence to government, that he was tried at the assizes held at Rochester, July 15, 1719* and convicted, as being " evilly and seditiously " disposed." This trial was afterwards published under the title of « Charity still a Christian v*r- " tue." The year 1718 was memorable for the severity of the ministry, and the parliament, through them, in punishing the authors of ob noxious publications. In the preceding Decem ber a complaint was made in the House of Com mons THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 143 GEORGE I. CLASS IV. mons of two printed pamphlets, entituled "The " Exeter Mercury, or Weekly Intelligence," from Tuesday, November 25, to Friday, November 18, 1718, printed and sold by George Bishop; and " The Protestant Mercury, or the Exeter Post " Boy," Friday, November 28, printed by Jo seph Bliss, in 1718 : for contempt of the House both Bishop and Bliss were ordered to attend, and were taken into the custody of a sergeant at arms. Another complaint was made against An drew Brice, the publisher and printer of the pamphlet called the "Post Master, or the Lon- "don Mercury," for Friday, November 28, 1718, at Exeter, where, I believe, they all three lived. Bishop, making his submission, was discharged, as, I believe, the others also were. SAMUEL HARRIS, 8vo. no name pf the artist, scarce. Bromley arranges this clergyman (of whom I know nothing) between the years 1711 and 1719. BENJAMIN BENNET, J. Pinesc. prefixed to his " Christian Oratory," 1725, 8vo: Benjamin Bennet, Walker sc. I know no more of the author of the " Chris- " tian Orator," than that Mr. Bromley calls him a presbyter. HENRY SHUTE, M.A. 8~oo. mez. J. Faber sc. 1713. This clergyman was lecturer of St. Mary's Church, Whitechapel, London, twenty-four years, and had been chaplain to the army, in the reign of William III.; and upwards of twenty years treasurer to the Society for propagating Christian Knowledge. 144 ;. THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS IV. Knowledge. Enfeebled by age, lie resigned his lectureship a short time before his death, which happened November 3, 1722. AN EPISCOPAL SCOTCH MINISTER, GEORGE KEITH, Minister of the Gospel, wooden cut, in the title to his " Guide, or the Christian Path*- " way to everlasting Life," 1700, 8vo. This disgrace to the clerical character was, at one time, the most active of the marrying parsons in the fleet. Driven from Scotland for his attachment to episcopacy, he settled in London; and, to pro cure a maintenance, commenced the same tra-d'e since so successfully carried on by the Blacksmith of Gretrw Green. Few persons have so much in jured the public morals, or sq much distressed fa milies, as this unworthy man, and his brethren, the priests of Hymen; who even had their setters to ask people passing, whether they wanted, a clergyman to marry them : and the ceremony was frequently still further profaned by the jntoxi- cation of the priest and the parties. Keith and his journeymen, it was said, in one morning, du ring the Whitsun holidays, at May Fair Chapel, locked together a greater number of couples than had been married at any ten churches within the bills of mortality. He had transferred his prac* tice to this place, and continued to officiate there for many years, till he was again obliged to take refuge in the fleet. At length the Bishop of Lon don, taking cognizance of the abuse,, excommu nicated him, and the sentence was repeated in May Fair Chapel.' The " Adventurer," speaking of signs, ob serves, that the hand and ben properly belonged to the. schoolmasters, "though the very reve- " rend, THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 145 ' GEORGE 1. CLASS IV. " rend, and right worthy order of my neighbours, " the Fleet parsons, have assumed it to them- " selves, as a mark of marriages performed with- " but imposition." If the marriage act has been bf some inconvenience, it has prevented much misery to the young, the thoughtless, and the in experienced. . Keiih survived till 1735, when he had attained his 89th year: AN iRiStl CLERGYMAN. , JONATHAN SMEDLEY, A.M; mez. R. Fellow p. Faber sc. 1723. Jonathan Smedley, rector of Rincttrrane and dean of Killala,was a small wit, who ventured out of his depth; and published an 8vo. pamphlet in 1718, eritituled "A rational and historical Ac- " count of the Principles which gave Birth to " the late Rebellion, and of the present Contro- " versies among the Clergy;" and said in the preface, " I owri myself among the number of ff those who conceive, that the idea of danger '" from that side (the Dissenters) to be entirely " artful and false, it beirig morally impossible fC that presbytery in the chufch, and a common- " wealth in the state, should be established iu 'f England." Smedley's memory was short in this instance> or he might have turned to the Usurpa tion, and seen that such things were. He takes great pains, in this work, to vindicate that imma culate stateswoman, Sarah, Duchess of Marlbo rough. Pope Writes thus to Dr. Sheridan : " I " shall Use my warmest endeavours to serve Dr. " Whalley. Besides his own merit, the demerit of " his antagonist goes into the scale; and the dean " tells me he is a coadjutant of that fool, Smed- " ley. You may have seen, but you cannot have " read, what he has Mtely published against our Vol. III. L * friend 146 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS IV. " friend and me. The only pleasure a bad writer " can give, he has given me; that of being abused " with my friends." This, I suppose, relates to a publication of Smedley, called " Gulliveriana," a half-witted, scandalous miscellany, very reflect ing on Swift, Pope, and others. NONJURING CLERGYMEN. JOHN EVANS, D.D. oval, T. (Thomas Trotter,) sc. from an original painting in the Dissenbgrs' Li brary; Redcross-street, 1785. Dr. Evans, born in Flintshire, 1680, was the au thor of " Discourses on the Christian Temper;" and died, according to Bromley, in ] 730, aged 5 1 : but that gentleman is mistaken, as his deatrfVas 'caused by. a dropsy, in 1732, aged 52. Dr.! Evans received his education in a dissenting seminary, and was a preacher among them: first in Shrop shire; then with Dr. Williams, whom he succeeded as pastor to the congregation :in Petty France, Westminster, where he performed his duty with great reputation. Some of his many Occasional sermons have been published; but' the thirty- eight on the " Christian Temper" -are esteemed the best;, and have been deservedly admired by all pious Christians of every denomination. • ' THOMAS BRETT, S.T.D. mez. Fountaine pinx. M'Ardrtl sc. The Rev. Dr. Brett was the son" of Thomas Brett, Gent, by Letitia, daughter, of John, Boys, Esq. the republican member of parliament, who died in 1678, and was buried at Betshanger, Kent. The Bretts and the Boys' were friends and rela tions; as Thomas. Brett bad been rector of' Bets- hanger from 1602 till. his. death. in les&andcu- rate THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 147 GEORGE I. CLASS IV. rate ^of Sutton. He was succeeded by the Rev. Thomas Boys, A.M. son of the above John Boys, Esq. after whose' death, in 1702, the Rev. Dr. Brett Was presented, in April 1703: and he also held the rectory of Rucking in Kent. But refusing to take the oaths to George I. he was deprived of both his parishes in 1716: though, as he pos sessed *a private* fortune, his deprivation did not materially injure him; for Edward Grotius Boys, Esq. his maternal uncle, devised to him, by his will, the manor and estate of Betshanger, which he alienated, in 1713, to Captain, afterwards Ad miral Salmon Morrice. The living of Betshanger is of trivial Value; but that of Rucking is a valu able rectory. It does not appear whither Dr. Brett went to reside, nor when he died. His re lations, the Boys', are buried at Betshanger; but, amongst the many monuments and other se pulchral memorials for them, there is no notice taken of him : perhaps he retired to Canterbury. WALTER HARTE, M.A, ^Et. 39, Mo. Zelman p. 1685, Hibbartsc. 1767. Walter Harte, M.A inscribed' " Macarius," i 2mo. Hibbart sc. a small head-piece, in " the Ama- " rdnth." The Rev. Walter Harte was a Fellow of Pem broke College, Oxford; prebendary of Wells; canon of Bristol;- and vicar of St. Mary Magdalen, Taunton, Somersetshire. Refusing to take the Oaths at the Revolution, he lost all his prefer ments*; when retiring, to Kentbury, Berks, he remained there till his death, February 10, 1736, * It is a remarkable circumstance, and aught tp be .perpetuated, a» tonferring equal honour on all the parties, thaft trie three successors of Bi shop Ken, (the great friend, of the elder Mr. Harte,) Kidder, Hooper, and Wynn,. all contrived that he should receive the benefits from his prebend of Wells so Iobj as he lived. , '• - ; - :';.-••* L2 at ,148 THE HISTORY .OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. , CLASS. IV. - ;¦, , ? .. . . ' at the great age of 95. Harte was regarded as A principal pillar of the nonjufing cause. His son, of both his names, was author of a collection of poems, with many curious emblematical engrav* ings, called " The Amaranth," printed in 1767, in an octavo volume. He was a cano« of Wind-- sor; and better known for his " History of the " Life of Gustavus Adolphus;" a work very valu able for the variety and authenticity of the ma terials which are there collected, but which much disappointed the expectation of the public, in respect of the style and manner in which it is written. But the learning and amiable qualities of Mr. Harte, added to his filial piety, give the man a high place in the estimation of. those, whose judgments may dispose them to think more lightly of the author. - . . NATHANIEL SPINCKES, M.A. prefixed to his "Devotions," \%mo. Vr. Gucht sc. Nathaniel Sjinckes, prefixed to his " Sick Man "visited," 1734, 8vo.- J, Woolastonp. ~G; Vertue sc. This truly good man, the son of the Rev. Ed ward Spinck^s, rector of Castor, Northampton shire, was born there in 1653, or the beginning of 1654. The father .came from New England with Dr. Patrick, afterwards bishop of Ely; and his mother was Martha, eldest daughter of Tho mas Elmes, of Lilford in the county of Hunting don, Esq. The son of a Puritanical parent, Na thaniel became a strict nonjuror. The family Were affluent; and Mr. Spinckes was entered a't Trinity College, Cambridge. Though under no restraint from a father, who died soon after his going to the university, yet he behaved with exemplary prudence, and made a very consider able progress in the languages an4 biblical learn ing. THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 149 GEORGE I. CLASS IV. ing. After being chaplain to Sir Richard Edge combe, he went to Petersham, near Richmond, Surry; and was subsequently appointed chaplain to the Duke, of Lauderdale, when an acquaintance commenced with his brother chaplain, Dr.- Hicks, celebrated for his learning and his zealous at tachment to the Stuart line, which gave so decided a turn to his mind, as occasioned his refusing -to take the oaths to the new king and queen. * He had, previous to that event, been. curate of St. Stephen's, Walbrook, London; and was pre sented, in September, 1685, to* the rectory of Peaking cum Gluntbn in Northamptonshire; and July 21, installed a prebendary of Salisbury Ca thedral; September 24, inducted to the rectory of St. Martin's in that city; and on the 27th, in the same year, 1687, he was licenced to preach at Stratford subter Castrum, or Miden Castle, in Wilts, with 3 stipend of 80?. per annum out of the rectory. Though the misguided James lost his crown, Mr. Spinckes still acknowledged Jum as his sovereign, and was deprived, in consequence, of all his preferments. He often experienced most trying pecuniary distresses,, yet he did not refuse the titular mitre from Dr. Hicks, the non- juring suffragan ofThetford. Happy would- it have been for the interests of any diocese, had he been legally appointed to it. He died July 28, 1727; and was buried on the north side of the cemetery of St. Paul's Church, London : leav ing a fajmily by Dorothy, daughter of William Rutland, of London, " a sensible, ohliging, in- « dustrions woman." Mr, Nelson was the parti cular friend of Mr. Spinckes, who was a proficient in the Greek, Saxon, and French languages, and had made some progress in the oriental. His works, are numerous, of which the " Sick Man " visited" is in great reputation. After his death L 3 the 150 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. UEOMGE 1. CLASS. IV. -- ¦ ¦ — -—-—,,.,-»-,¦—¦-- ¦¦.... — ¦_...— ,. , - .,,——-, i . ..-.-« the following character was given, of him, and it was extremely ,just : — " He was low of stature, " venerable of aspect, and exalted in character, " He had no wealth, few enemies, many friends. " He was orthodox in his faith.: his enemies be- " ing judges. He , had uncommon learning aad " superior judgment; and his exemplary life was " concluded with a happy death. His patience was " great; his self-denial grea*ter; bis charity still " greater : though his temper seemed his cardi-? " nal virtue, (a happy conjunction of constitu- " tion and grace,) having never been observed zeal led him into some difficulties in this reign ; but he possessed the confidence pf those of his own persuasion to a great degree. He was one of the clergymen who was much aboitf James, Shephard*, a lad of eighteen, who suffered for high treason ; and was very earnest in keeping up his spirits and- resolution to the last, in which he succeeded; and prevailed over every friendly intimation that was given by government to save, the young enthusiast from his %e. LAURENCE HOWELL, M. A.. fol Fellows p. This plate was altered from Robert Nekton, D.D.^ ' '" This imprudent and unfortunate man resided in Bullhead-court, Jewin-street, London, where he wrote a pamphlet, of which a thousand, copies * See Class XII. in this reign. were THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 1&3| ', . '-' '¦- ¦.¦»¦ ' "i 11 i . . . ._.iiji i_ . -...i ..¦¦ *- -r -* *_Jl ~T~— ~T— : ' GEORGB I. CLASS IV. were printed, and found in his house, aspersing George I. as a usurper; and condemning all that had been done in the church, subsequent to Arch bishop Sancroft's deprivation, as illegal and un- canonical. For this offence he Was tried at the Old BaUey, before the Lord Mayor, Mr. Justice PoWys,. and Mr. Justice Dormer; and the facts were fully proved. As this work aimed at the vitals pf the government, both civil,and ecclesiastical, he was convicted, and received this severe sentence: to pay a fine of 5Q0Z. to the king; to remain in prison for three years; to find four sureties of kOOl. each :;• and to be bound himself in 100QZ. for his good behaviour dining life; to be twice whipped; and to be degraded, and stripped of his gown by the hands of the public executioner. Undismayed, he indignantly enquired, " Who " will whip a clergyman?" The court answered, '". We pay no deference to your cloth, because 'f you a^re a disgrace to it, and have no right to " wear it: besides, we do not look upon you as " a clergyman, in that you have produced no " prqqf of your ordination, but from Dr. Hicks, " under the denomination of the Bishop of Thet- " ford; which is illegal, and not according to fr the constitution of this kingdom, which has no " such bishop." Determinedly continuing his contempt the court ordered the hangman, who was present, to tear off his gown, as he stood at the bar, which he immediately did. The letters pf priest orders from Dr. Hicks, were exhibited, which had been found with his papers, as was the form. of absolution and reception of converts used by the nonjurors. The episcopal seal of the nonjuring bishop was a shepherd with a sheep upon his shoulders. Mr. Howell had the most afflictive part of his sentence remitted by the le nity of a government he had disowned: for he died 154 the History of England. j_ j_ • ¦ ' - . . i lJr GEORGE I. CLASS IV. '.¦ ¦ " .1 ,-—.¦¦¦ -- ¦ ¦- ,.--—.-,. , I ¦ ¦ _.P !¦_¦¦¦ I H, WH . __llj-» died in -Newgate-; July 19, 1720. The nonjurors and Jacobites were, at this time, extremely da ring and troublesome; it was necessary, there fore, that some severity should be used, in order to check their progress, and counteract the effects their violence might othervyise have on the body of the people. HAWES, mez. M. Dahl p, 1718, J. Si mon sc. 1719. Bromley places this gentleman amongst the clergy, and terms him a nonjuror, I can discover no traces of his life. NONCONFORMISTS. • EDMUND CALAMY, in the " Nonconformist's " Memorial," J. Richardson p. J.Caldwallsc. 1708. Edmund Calamy, oval, Mo. mez, Faber sc. Edmund Calamy, before his " Sermons," 1722, Svo. Vertue sc. Edmund Calamy, gown and band, mez. Richardson p. G. White sc. Dr. Calamy was the son and grandson of eject ed ministers, of the same baptismal name, for nonconformity, and born in 1662. His grand father was a man of great abilities. This gentle man proved himself worthy of his descent by his conduct, in refusing a professor's chair at Edin burgh, that he might have leisure to study the controversy between conformity and nonconfor mity : of course he decided in favour of the latter, in which his family had lived, and in which he had been bred. He had great influence amongst the dissenters; and was so. very dear to the THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND, 153 " GEORGE I. CLASS IV. the kirk of Scotland, that they conferred upon him that, which may be termed a Doctor's de gree, tripled, as it was given him by Edinburgh, Aberdeen, and Glasgow. He was in London, April 5, 1671; and died at his house in Old Pa lace-yard, June 3, 1732, highly beloved by the Protestant dissenters of the different denomina tions, who regarded him, in someitieasure, as their champion; and also by many members of the na tional church, who personally knew, and greatly respected him. Dr. Hoadley had, some contro versies with him, which they both too much loved. His continuation of Baxter's Life, and bis account of the Lives of the ejected Noncon formists, are held in most estimation of all his works, and are very useful : the latter would be much more so, if it was purged from the many errors it contains. Though but few persons are omitted, many are introduced who never were ejected, or had preferment to lose; and some of these unbeneficed preachers are mentioned in va rious parishes, as ejected from them. This is the case in my own, and in many others around me. The "-gifted," at that time, had licence to give the word of exhortation where they pleased; a kind of routine of preaching. I suppose they had a remuneration from the parochial clergy, in whose churches they preached, and who had been of the " old establishment," and were sus pected of favouring it secretly. The event showed it was so; for they conformed at the Restoration. ROBERT BRAGGE, sitting, gown, velvet cap, mez. Ipse p. Faber sc. 1738. Mr. Bromley calls this dissenting minister a Doctor of Divinity; but the " Gentleman's Ma- ff gazine," in recording his death, mentions him " only 156 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND, GEORGE I. , CLASS IV. only as Mr. Bragge. It does not appear what degree he really had. He died February 13, 1738. THOMAS RIDGLEY, S.T.P, in a coat, prefixed to his " Rody of Divinity," fol, R. Damdridge pinx. J. Vr. Gucht sc. Dr. Ridgley was an independent minister, and tutor in divinity io an academy in. London of his, own communion; and died in 173,4. His "Body " of Divinity" was published in, two volumes. folio. SAMUEL BOURN, -dgif. 72, prefixed lo his "Ser- "mom," 1722, 8vo. M. Vr, Gucht sc. This nonconformist minister was born atDerby; entered at Emanuel College, Cambridge; and be came chaplain to the Hatton family. After having the care of a dissenting congregation at Calne, Wilts, for sixteen years, upon his uncle, John Siddon's death, he removed from thence to Bol ton in Lancashire; and died in 1719, aged 72. He left a son, Samuel Bourn, born at Calne, in 1689, who resided at Timley, nearWigan, Lanca shire; but for the last twenty years of his life, at Birmingham and Coseley. He was seized with a^ palsy in his pulpit, at the latter place, March 17, 1754, and died in a few days after, highly respects ed for his virtues and endowments. His writings; are numerous: consisting of sermons, devotions, catechisms, and polemical and miscellaneous pieces. His " Young Christian's Prayer Book" was republished at Dublin, with a recommenda tory preface, by Dr. Leland ; and his " Christian " Family Prayer Book" was recommended in the same way, by Dr. Watts : nothing could be more honourable to Mr. Bourn, who appears to have had THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 157 GEORGE I. CLASS IV. had the same sentiments with Dr. Samuel Clarke, respecting the Trinity. HENRY GROVE, prefixed lo his " Tracts," 8w. J, Woolaston p. Vertue sc. 1710. Mr. Grove resided at Taunton, where there are many opulent dissenters. He died in 1738, aged 54. One naturally expects, upon looking into a his tory professedly local, to find some kind of me morial of eminent persons, who have either beea natives of it, or made it their place of abode at one period or other of their lives; with this hope, recourse was had to a late history of the town of Taunton, for an account of the pious and ingenious writer above mentioned : but, to our great disappointment, nothing of the kind was to be found there, his name not even once occur ring through the book; whish, in the part already published, is confined entirely to what relates directly and immediately to the town itself. Two ministers of this name, in the neighbouring coun ties of Devon and Somerset, were sufferers by the Bartholomew Act, to whom, it is probable, Mr. Henry Grove was nearly related. Of his early Hfe, and where he discharged the duties of his profession, we are not able to furnish an account: but, of his zeal, and ability in that exercise, his many religious publications afford an abundant proof. In his more general literary character it will be sufficient for his fame to have it told, that he had the honour of being a writer in the Spec tator, when it first came out. TO the eighth vo lume of that admirable exemplar of our national character and manners, he contributed four pa pers, Numbers 588, 601, 626, (on Novelty, much commended by Dr. Johnson, who was not apt m THE: HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS IV. ' apt to be over partial tq sectarists,) .and 635. These, with some other miscellanies by the same author, both prose and verse, were collected into a small volume, and published in 1739. His bther works, consisting of sermons and ihbral essays, were printed by subscription, in 3 vols. 8vo: about the same time; « SAMUEL POMFRET, ,___*. 70, J721', prefixed to his " Funeral Sermon," 12mo. J. Drapentier sc. Samuel Pomfret, JEt. 55, 1707, Mo. mez. Faber, ad vivum. Samuel Pomfret, Mb. hiez. P. Pelham sc. Samuel Pomfret, prefixed to his " Direttory for " Youth," 1722, mez. Taylor exc. Samuel Pomfret, Minister of the Gospel, obijt Jan. 11, 1721, in his 71st year of his age, large Mo. mez'. no name of either painter or engraver.' Samuel Pomf&et, four verses; 8vo. mez. sold by Sam. Lynne. This well-known nonconformist preached at a -meeting-house in Gravel-lane, and was well esteemed as a minister. He wrote a " Directory " for Youth," calculated to caution them against the improprieties of that time of life. For, though it had pleased God to bless him with an advan* tage above thousands; in a religious educatibh, and with restraining grace to preserve him against open profaneness, yet the wanton days of his youth cost him twenty years of sincere repent ance, " in sighs and groans unutterable." " Oh ' the times not to be numbered," said he, " that " I wished I had been sick in bed, rather than " sinning against so good a God. , The remote " parts of the world 'that I have been in; the roads ff I have journeyed in; the fields I have watched ' in; ,the houses I have lived in; and the beds I " have THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 159 GEORGE I. CLASS IV. " thave lain in; can witness to mv tears and sor- " row, while I have recognized my vanities and " folly." This is the, language of a pious and good mind tinctured with melahcholy. Indiscre tions could not deserve so severe a self-censure;, as he asserts he was without open profaneness. We may suppose, by the remote parts of the worlds that he had been in North America. He died January 11, 1721-2. Under the last print are the following lines: "This pious man his Saviour's footsteps trod, ". And was unwearied in his doing good. " With energy, Hke Paul himself, he taught; " And, in his alms was bounteous. to a fault." THOMAS BRADBURY, own hair, Mo. If. Rilrgh *c. ad vivum. , ¦> \ Mr. Bradbury was a dissenting minister, whose meeting-house, in New-street, Shoe-lane, was law lessly destroyed by Sacheverel's mob. He preach ed many years in New-court, Carey-street, Lin coln's Inn Fields, where he was succeeded by Mr. Winter, whose brother, an agent to a regi ment, .one of hiss daughters married. Me, Brad bury wrote a number of sermons, and other tracts, too numerous to mention; and was a man of eminent abilities, of real piety, and without bi gotry. Mr. Granger saw a, friendly letter from Archbishop Wake to bim, which was part of a correspondence between the metropolitan of all England, and the patriarch of the dissenters of the same kingdom. He was rich, and gave his daugh ter, Mrs. Winter, 6000/.; and to his other chil dren as liberally. His sermons were tedious' to an extreme weight of which, were on justification by the imputed righteousness of Christ; .and ~- sixty-one 160 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND". &EO/AGB Ii . CbASS IV. sixty-one tin the mystery Bf godliness : bht iii private he was the social; pleasant, cOmpdnibn, and more famed for his mirth, thah lbng ha^ rarigues. -He had a Very strong voice; could sing excellently well; and was supposed to sing "The " roast beef of England" better than any other man. He died September 9, 1759, aged 86. Such was " brave bid Tom Bradbury, a good preacher "and a facetious 'Companion;" It is not the cheer ful man that disturbs the state, nor often the rich; but the sour, disappointed; needy man. BradbUry was happy iri his temper, rich in the gifts of fortune, and possessed the esteem of a wide circle of friends. A perfect toleration would be an act of prudence as well as humanity ; and while the establishment is not invaded, it will al^ ways be advaritageOus; fbr> Conscience is a thing, we khbw, Like to k mastiff dbg, Which, if ty'd up, sO fierce will grow, He'll bite his very clog. ; Anon. State Poems, 558: JOHN NESBITT, Ho. met. J. Pabcr'sc. 1709. John Nesbitt, JEt.Ql, 1721, mez. J. WoolastdH p. G. White st; .This nonconformist minister -was averyrespec- tdble and highly esteemed mart. He was a native of Northumberland, biit probably descended from the Scotch family of the same name, and had been a student at Edinburgh. SettHhg in London, he long preached to a cohgregatiori there; and died in November, 1727, aged 67, and was buried m Btmhill Fields. He Wrote « Marks " of Cadency," 1702, 8vo. and a Funeral Sermon on the Death pf Mr. Thomas Gauge, January 8, 1700; THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 161 ^ GEORGE I. CLASS IV. 1700; and probably some other tracts. He was father of Mr. -Nesbitt, the famous man-midwife. MATTHEW CLARKE, Pine sc. . prefixed to his " Sermons and Life," 1727, 8vo. Matthew Clarke, mez. G.. White sc. This nonconformist minister was the son of the Rev. Matthew Clarke, ejected from the living of Narborough in Leicestershire, and eminent for his skill in oriental languages, who died in 1708. Matthew Clarke, jun. preached to a considerable congregation of Prostestant dissenters in Miles's- lane, Canon-street, London; was a man of some abilities; published several sermons; and died in 1726. It was the custom very generally at that time to preach and print funeral sermons for the deceased nonconformist ministers. He preached one for the Rev. Mr. Jeremiah Smith; and the Rev. Daniel Neale preached one for him, which was published, with several of the deceased's ser mons on various occasions, some of them never before given to the public, in one volume, 8vo. 1727. THOMAS EMLYN, prefixed to his "Sermons," 1741, 8vo. J. Highniore p. J. Vr. Gucht sc. This well-known Unitarian was a native of Stamford in Lincolnshire, and born of a substan tial and reputable family, May 27, 1663; and educated amongst the nonconformists, at an aca demy in Leicestershire, till sent to Emanuel Col lege, Cambridge* which he soon left to return to the academy; and became a preacher at Mr. DooHttle's meeting-house in London. He after wards went to Ireland, and appears to have been constantly vary ing between the established church Vol. III. M and 162 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS IV. _ _ -¦-- - ¦ ' ¦¦ -r ¦ T-%/-' and the dissenters. Ignorant what to believe, or reject, he would rather have preached unn^ri- anism, than professed it, till it was demanded of him to avow his real sentiments, when persecul' tion called him to be an apostle to the sect he chose to head. The conduct of his enemies;was certainly reprehensible : the civil magistrate may confine the body, but cannot constrain the mind. He wrote " A Vindication of the Worship of the " Lord Jesus Christ, on Unitarian Principles," which work, produced much polemical alterca tion. It is probable, had not the disturbances in Ireland commenced, and his patroness, < the Countess Dowager of Donegal, been enabled to have given him good preferment, when he leaned more than half way to the church, he would never have been the Unitarian martyr. Mr. Emlyn died July 30, 1743, in his 79th year, and was buried in Bunhill Fields. With his memoirs are published his other works. Of his abilities there can be no doubt. He married the widow of Richard Cromleholme Bury, Esq. iia 1691. This lady died October 13, 1701; by whom he had issue, Solomon, an eminent coun sellor, who' published Lord Chief Justice Hale's History of the Pleas of the Crown, in 1736, in 2 vols, folio, and died in 1756; who left issue, Thomas Emlyn, Esq. F.R.S. barrister at law, and a bencher of Lincoln's Inn. JOSEPH HUSSEY, 'mez.. J, Faber se. 1722. I know nothing of this ftonconformist preacher. THOMAS ADAMS, an etching, R. E. Pine p. W. Humphreys sc. Thomas THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. IQI GEORGE I. CLASS IV. Thomas Adams, 8vo. M. Jenkinp. T. Kitchin sc. , I have been unsuccessful in my endeavours to discover the particulars Of this gentleman's life. JOHN STEVEN, 8*0. M. Jenkinp. T. Kitchin sc. This person appears to have been a dissenting minister, but of what denomination is uncertain ; neither is there any one circumstance that I can find to identify even the place of his residence, or the time of his death. EDWARD WALLIN, 8vo. J. Mynde sc. This nonconformist minister, according to Bromley, died in 1733, aged 55. IRISH NONCONFORMIST. JOHN ABERNETHY, M.A. oval frame, mez. J. Latham p. Faber sc. John Abernethy, M.A. mez. J. Latham pinxit, J. Rrooks sc. 17 Al. Mr. Abernethy was a native of Ireland, and born October 19, 1680. He became, in imitation of his father, a dissenting minister, though he wished to have studied physic in preference to divinity. The commencement of his life was. marked by great calamities, in the loss of his father, and the miseries of Ireland, from which he was driven with a relation, who kindly brought him to London; while his mother, and her other children, fied to Londonderry, where they all pe rished. Young Abernethy received his education .at Edinburgh; and Antrim witnessed his pious M 2 labours, 164 , THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORfe-k I. C'LAS'S. 'IV. labours, till polemical dissention expelled 'bim thence, because he opposed the Westminster Confession in behalf of the Bangorian System, and on that account he headed the Belfast So ciety. Leaving the rigid Calvinists, he settled in Dublin, where he preached, to a congregation of his own way of thinking; but his death, in De cember, 1740, sooh followed. TwO vofarmes of his sermons were published in 8vo. 1748'; and he was certainly a liberal, au able, and a pious man. MINISTERS OF THE FRENCH CHURCH IN ENGLAND. MICHAEL MALARD, 8vo. D. Lockley sc. Michael Malard, larger, fourFrench lines "Livre " tant Envie Enemi du Mensonge, fyc. #c." prefixed to his " French and Protestant Companion," 1719. The Bev. Michael Malard, a French Protestant refugee, was tutor for that language to the prin cesses, daughters of George II. : he was author of " The true French Grammar," compiled parties larly for their use, and dedicated to the king, their grandfather. Mons. Malard wrote also, "The " French and Protestant Companion ; or a Jour- " ney into Europe, Asia, and Africa," with cop perplates, satirical on the doctrines of the Church of Rome, of which he was a decided opponent. This book consists of familiar dialogues'in French and English, and seems intended as a continuation of his grammar above mentioned. It is a thick 12mo. printed at London in 1719, and now seldom to be met with; as, besides being a sort of school- book, in which service numbers of the copies Were very likely to be worn out, it is a work that would certainly be destroyed by the Roman»Ca- tholics^ THE HISTORY sOF ENGLAND. 165 ~" " G^ORG,E U CLASS IV. tholics whenever it came in their way. Other particular* of the author have not been handed down. CHARLES BERTHEAU, oval, Mo. A. P. Prillct p. Ravenet sc. This minister of the French church in Thread- needle-street, London, died December 25, 1732, aged 75. ISRAEL ANTHONY AUFRERE, rare, Van So- mer so. This minister of the French church at the Sa voy, survived most of his brethren ; perhaps, all of them: and died at the age of 9], April 4, 1738. The " Gentleman's Magazine mentions him 3s one qf the preachers at St. James's. JAMES DAILLON de LUDE, JEt. 90, 1724, mez. T. Frye p. P. Pelham sc. James Daillon de Lude, a French minister, was tried for treason in 1693; but survived till 1724, when he had attained the great age of 90 years; though neither Rapin nor any other of our his torians notice him. I suspect him to have been Dr. Burnet's Lunt : an evidence against gentle men in Lancashire and Cheshire tried for con spiring against William III. in 1695. But Taft, deserting Lunt's interest, sent word privately to those gentlemen, that if they would pay him libe rally, he would save them, which he effectually did, by sending' them all the particulars Lunt < could swear against them : so, thus prepared, they invalidated his evidence; and were all -ac quitted in bfJth coimtiesi to the great satisfaction M 3 of the hisT6rY of England. . GEORGE 1. CLASS. IV. .„-,,,- of the opposite party. The Bishop calls both Lunt and Taft Irishmen : and says, Lunt was bold and poor, of mean understanding, and employed to carry letters and messages for James II. be tween Ireland and England; that he had been once taken up, but, faithful to his party, dis covered nothing, and returned to the court of St. Germain's; yet afterwards became an evidence against the Jacobites, probably to save his life'. Burnet might mistake his country; or he might pass for an Irishman long resident in France. AN AMERICAN ROYAL CHAPLAIN, AND OTHER MINISTERS. — — BROCKWELL. Mr. Granger mentions the surname only of a person of this name, of whom there had been a print engraved; neither does he give those of the artists. He says he was chaplain to His Majesty in New England, where he could not be greatly fatigued with the discharge of the duties of his office. ; r COTTON MATHER, S.T.D. F.R.S. oval,mez. P. Pelham, ad vivum. ' Dr. Cotton was the son of Increase Mather, and born at Boston, New England, in 1663. He received his education at Harward College; and, in 1684, became minister of his native place, where he spent the remainder of his long life; preaching the religious opinions of the Indepen dents: indeed, he seemed peculiarly suited for so respectable a situation, by his good sense and discretion. Under no restraint from customs, and THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. N& GEORGE I. and in a country which required the establish ment of particular institutions for its better go vernment, he planned and commenced societies for suppressing disorders, and for reforming manners; besides another of peace-makers, tq compose quarrels and prevent litigations at law. The1 university of Glasgow sent him a diploma for the degree of Doctor in Divinity, in 1710; and- in 1714 the Royal Society of London ad mitted, him one of their Fellows. The tracts pub lished by Dr. Mather, amounted to three hundred and eighty- two, of which several were single sermons. In short, he was the Du Pin of Ame rica. His "Magnalia Christi Americana; or Eccle- " siastical History of New England," in folio, does him great merit, which includes the period be tween 1620 and 1698; and has been more than once reprinted. But he seems to have valued him self most on his " Defence of Witchcraft" — there he descended to, be a Glanville; and we have, in consequence, his wonders of the invisible World, " being an account of the trials of several witches " lately executed in New England, and of seve- "ral remarkable curiosities therein occurring; ""together with, 1. Observations on the nature, " the number, and the operations bf the devils. " 2. A short narrative of a late outrage com- ff mitted by a kriot of witches in Swedeland, very "much resembling, and so far explaining, ' that *f under which New England has laboured. " 3. Some councils directing a due improvement " of the terrible things lately done by the un- " usual'and amrizingrage of evfl spirits in New ff England. ' 4: Ajbrief discourse Upon the tempt- " ations which are the more ordinary devices of "Satan." These were published at Boston^t>y the special command bf His Excellency, the Go- M 4 ' vernor m THE- HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS IV. .- , i i j — vernor of the Province of Massachusset's Bay in ..New England; and were' reprinted in 1736, 4to. SAMUEL MATHER, M.A. mez. R. Phillips pinx. J. Simon sc. I suppose this member of the Mather family resided in America, but I know nothing of his history. JEWISH RABBIN. DAVID NETTO, or NIETTO, "M.D. Mathefflat. et Synagogae Judasorum Lusitanensium Londi- " nens. Doct. Rabbinius." mez. D. E. Stevens p. J. M'Argell sc. David NeTto, or Nietto. Tisri 5465; i.e. 1705 M cc David Netto, chief priest of the synagogue in Bevis Marks, was a native of Venice; profess®.. of physic at Padua; and wrote a treatise in Italian, upon the alteration of the calendar, entituled " Pascologia overo Diseoa-so della Pasca," which he dedicated to the prince Cardinal, Francesco Maria de Medicis, .brother to Cosmo III. Grand Duke of Tuscany. This work was. printed at Co logne, in 8vo. 1702. 'During his residqnce.in London hepublished a defence of the. oral tra dition, in the Hebrew and Spanish languages, called "Metric Dan," a, work in great repute among the Jews, Netto died in bis 74fh year, on the Holy, Sabbath-day, the 25th of the Month Te- betlun thejear 5488,i.e, 172% and wasburied-in the old cemetery at Stepney, where there is ,a tomb ,t0 km memory, with a long inscription : by which Were informed, that he was a signalized judge and THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 169 GEORGE I. CLASS IV. and most skilful physician; a most respected mas ter and monitor; a sublime theologian; an emi nent astronomer; an harmonious poet; an acute logician; an affluent rhetorician; an agreeable author, well skilled in languages; and a good historian : and, still more to the honour of this erudite man, he was pious and meek. ROMAN CATHOLIC BISHOPS AND CLERGY. THOMAS STRICKLAND, Bishop of Namur, Qioal, own hair, cross, mez. J. Fr, Rank p. Faber sc. Thomas Strickland, Bishop of Namur, fol. Tho- masin sc. This prelate, a native of England, bred a Ro man Catholic, and warm in the interest of the Stuart family, was compelled to fly in this reign; but he always appears to have retained a regard for his native land, and the family of Strickland, baronets, from which he was descended. His an cestors were interred in a chapel belonging to Kendal Church, Westmorland, near which they had resided*. Received with respect in France, he obtained the abbey of Saint Pierre de Prieux in Normandy; whence corresponding with the opposition toWalpole's ministry, he. had, by this means, been so effectually recommended to the emperor, that he was nominated bishop of Na mur., From having been an enemy to Sir Robert, he became his spy at Rome, respecting, the un fortunate son of James II.; and was so far useful * Sisergh, pronounced Siser, the seat of the Stricklands, an old Roman Catholic family, is thus described by Gray, in his journal :— " it is an au- " cient Hall- House, with a very large tower, embattled. The rest of the " buildings added to it are of later date; but all is white, and seen to advan- " tage oii a back-ground of old trees : there is a small park also well •' wooded." in 170 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I, CLASS. IV. . , 1 . in this situation, that an application was made by Lord Harrington to the Emperor, to procure him a cardinal's hat. These secret intrigues were not uncommon whilst Rome continued in splendor, and several Protestant monarchs have gained the dignity of cardinal for their friends. Under the influence of Lord Harrington he obtained the fa vour of the empress, by attempting to prevent the marriage of her eldest daughter with Don Carlos, to which She had an invincible dislike. Introduced, by this means, to the emperor, he was dispatched to George II. to endeavour to per suade that new monarch to join in a war with the House of Bourbon; but his Britannic Majesty not being so ardent, as he usually was, for hosti lities, and Queen Caroline much for peace, the negociafion was inffectual. Harrington no longer opposed the pacific measures of Walpole, and Strickland returned in disgrace to Vienna, where the emperor was obliged to accept the proffered mediation of the maritime powers. This prelate, losing all hopes of the red hat, retired to his dio cese, which he governed with great prudence, and died there, in 1740, much respected. What ever credit we may allow him for his private virtues, they cannot excuse his constant intrigues in the cabinets of princes; much less cafe} they palliate his despicable duplicity and dishoriour, in betraying those he professed to adhere to at the risk of country and fortune. The very office of a s0r renders an ecclesiastic detestable; but wheiyt is accompanied with treachery to the un fortunate, it becomes infamous, 'and such a cha racter is deservedly held in contempt and abhor rence. BONAVENTURE THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 171 GEORGE I. ' GLASS IV. BONAVENTURE GIFFARD, Bishop of Madura, JEt, 77, 1719, black cap, cross, fol. Du Rose sc. Bonaventure Giffard, " Virescit vulnere Virtus." The first impression /losverascit, mez. H. Hysing p. T. Burford sc. To the latter the name of Dickin son has been spuriously affixed. In the last impres sion the, chair in which he sits has the uprights termi nating in crowns; in the former they are plain. This bishop of Madura (an ideal see, of which there are many in the Romish church ) wais, I pre sume, a native of this kingdom, and probably of the very ancient family of the Giffords, or Gif- fards, in Staffordshire, where they are still Roman Catholics. He died in 1734, aged about 90 years. Madura is a city in Asia, and the capital of a province of the same name. JOSEPH CARRERAS, bald head, writing; mez, G. Kneller p. 1686, Faber p. 1735.. Joseph Carreras, in the " Houghton Collection," ~Mo. mez. G.. Kneller p. 1686, T. Green sc. Joseph Carreras, mez. R. Schroder sc. This Roman Catholic ecclesiastic is said, by Bromley, to have been . chaplain to Catherine, queen dowager. Catherine oflBraganza, who died December 30, 1705, had returned to Portu gal some time previous to her deatib where she built a palace in Lisbon. When dowager, in the reign of William and Mary, she had as hexjord almoner Cardinal Howard, of Norfolk; MesWr-^' Paulo de Almeyda, and Emanuel Diaz, almoners; Father Christopher de Rozario as her confessor; and Father.Huddlestone, who secreted Charles II. her consort, after the battle of Worcester, and Father Michael Ferreyra, were her chaplains. Three Portuguese Franciscan friars, called Arra- bidoes, 172 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS. IV* bidoes, and a lay brother; besides three chapel boys, an organist, and three vergers, most of whom were Portuguese. I presume Carreras was of that nation, (unless he assumed a foreign name,) and went into the service of Her Majesty, probably just before, or subsequent to her de parture from Britain. He died in 1732, according to Bromley. - i ''' PAUL ATKINSON, Mt. 77, an etching* Mo. Paul Atkinson was a native of Yorkshire, and a Franciscan friar, who, infamously betrayed by his female servant, for the reward of 100?. was con demned, under the penal statute of William III. to perpetual imprisonment, which he underwent < in Hurst Castle in the Isle of Wight; and lived there with cheerful composure, beloved and re spected by the keeper of the castle, and the whole neighbourhood, as an unfortunate, amiable man. He was allowed the liberty, occasionally, of walking abroad, till some narrow-minded bigots, strangers,, complaining Of the humane indulgence, he voluntarily retired to his poor lodging; whence he never. went out again, that he might give no offence, nor occasion blame to his benefactor, the governor of the castle; nor would he permit any application to be made for a mitigation of his hard fate. He died in 1729, aged 74, and was interred m the cemetery of St. James's, Winchester, the bu- , rial-place of many Roman Catholics. The follow- ' ing lines were inscribed On his grave-stone : , , H.S.E.R.P. Paulus Atkinson, Fran- ciscanus, qui 15 Oct. 172-9, agtat,.76, in Castro ;de, Hurst* Vitam finivit, postquam ibidliaih ' . 30 peregerat annos. Persecution THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS IV. . — , — Persecution is hateful; but this act, which dis graced our statute books, was repealed in 1778. Lord Mansfield once presided at the trial of a Romish priest for saying Mass.-*-" Did you hear " the prisoner say Mass." "Yes, my lord." "Then " you know what the Mass is." '" I Cannot say " I do." " But you must, or you 'cannot swear " what you heard was the Mass." The poou-eccle- siastic was of course acquitted. The memory of poor Friar Atkinson is still remembered, and has had tears shed from Protestant eyes for his sad fate. Had George and Caroline been fully ap prised of his situation, and of his meek and peace able demeanour, it is probable his prison doors would have been set open; for Their Majesties were both great friends to toleration : and the queen in particular used to entrust to the care pf the Duchess of Norfolk, at times, sums of money to be distributed among the poor and unfortu nate objects of the Roman Catholic communion. IRISH ROMAN CATHOLIC CLERGY. V.A.R.* HENRY GANDY, clerical habit, a mitre and two croziers. No artist's name. This divine is said, by Granger, to nave been of the Roman Catholic communion ; and to have died February 26, 1733-4, aged 85. But he is no where noticed that I know of: yet it is pro bable he wrote some small work; as the Same gentleman asserts, that the print is of the 8vo. or 12mo. size. No doubt, therefore, this his por trait is prefixed to it. Bromley calls him M.A. I suppose by mistake. t> * These initials signify, fir admodum nvereydus. CORNELIUS 174 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. : GEORGE I. CLASS IV. CORNELIUS NARY, C.F.P. Dr. Irish, mez. This person was a Roman Catholic priest, and evidently an Irishman, but whose history is .en tirely unknown to me : after the letters C.F.P. Bromley has introduced G. but it should have been Dr. He is supposed to have died in , 1738. JOHN MURPHY, D.D. mez. Faber sc. John MuRrnv, oval frame, wig, eight English verses, fol. E. Lyon, (exc.) John Murphy, mez. Riley, (exc.) < Of Dr. Murphy Granger knew but little.' Mr. Downes told him, that he published "Lucian'sDia- " Ibgues," with a Latin translation; though the latter had some doubts whether he was the same person. Bromley says he^was rector of Shoreham in Kent, and that he died in 173 I, which cannot be true. Dr. Wall, presented to that living in 1674, died at the age of 82, in 1728; and his successor, Vincent Perronet,N died in 1785, aged 90; nor is there a beneficed clergyman in Kent, mentioned by Mr. Hasted, of the surname of Murphy. I thought he might have mistaken the name for Snoring in Essex; but he had not that living. I am generally indebted to Bromley for his dates, &c. but he sometimes misleads me, as does Granger; but we must be thankful for that which is accurate, and excuse mistakes, to which we are all liable. A person knows the history of a literary, or other character, and is astonished that the biographer has been ignorant of it; ,but he should recollect how many lives the author has given, and therefore forgive what was not, per- haps,in his power to do. Murphy, most probably, was THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. "175 i GEORGE 1. CLASS V. — i ¦ ~ " ' — was an; Irish Roman Catholic priest, as his ap pearance indicates in the print of him "done in " Ireland." Mr. Granger appears to have known only, of one print of him, viz. the second here mentioned. CLASS V. COMMONERS IN GREAT EMPLOYMENTS. EDMUND DUNCH, in the}" Kit Cat Club," mez G. Kneller p. J. Faber sc. 1733. Edmund Dunch, Esq. was of great descent; heir to a fine estate at Wittenham in Berks; and allied to the Protector, Oliver, who created his grandfather Baron Burnell, of East Wittenham*. His interest and inclination coinciding, he heartily joiiied in the Revolution; and sat in the House of Commons in several parliaments, as a repre sentative for Cricklade, Boroughbridge, and Wal lingford. Mr. Dunch was in great favour with Queen Ann and George I.; and had the honour to be what was at that time styled gentleman of the horse to both those sovereigns. He was born in fLittle Jermyn-street, London, December 14, 1657; died May 31, 17 19; and was buried with his ancestors, at Little Wittenhanv, June 4, following. He married one of the two daughters and co heirs of Colonel Godfrey, by Arabella Churchill, sister of the great Duke of Marlborough. By that lady, who died at Whitehall, much respected, he left issue, Elizabeth, married to Sir Henry Oxenden, Bart.; Harriet, to Robert Montague, third duke pf Manchester; Catherine, who died * In the Cromwell Memoirs I have given a fac simile of the patent of cre ation. '-. ' •' J ¦ ;¦' young, 176 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS V. young, single; and Arabella, married to Edward Thomson^ of Marsden in Yorkshire, Esq. JAMES CRAGGS, junr Secretary of State, l^mo. Kneller p. G. King sc. 1733. James Craggs, Secretary of State, mez. Kneller p. J. Simon sc. 1720. James Craggs, jun. Secretary of State, fol. Kneller p. Vertue sc. '-d who would finally have prevailed, cannot now be known, for the contest was presently decided by the death ofCraggsf; and Walpole became at once, and continued through the whole course, almost, of his remaining life, " Lord of the Ascendant." The three daughters of the senior Craggs were, Ann, Elizabeth, and Margaret, who shared , full 14000Z. per annum. Ann had three husbands, John Newsham, Esq. whose only son, James News- ham Craggs, Esq. left no issue by the daughter of Henry, Lord Teynham ; John Knight, Esq. of Essex; and Robert Nugent, Esq. created, in the present reign, Earl Nugent. Elizabeth married Edward * Allusive to hjs low origin, and the cfeaiijistance of his dying before his father, the following sarcastic inscription was proposed forliis;,f his patron, extricated him from this dilemma, and gave him the office of clerk of the deliveries under him, as master of the ordnance; but when His Grace's interest declined, Craggs's naturally decreased. In short, he lost all his employments in the last year of Queen Ann. A new scene opened at the accession of George I. the duke became all-powerful; and Craggs found himself joint postmaster with Lord Cornwallis. Mr. Craggs was deeply engaged in the South Sea scheme; when that bubble broke, the public in dignation was greatly raised against him. An en quiry commenced, and himself and son were much reflected on for the share they were sup posed to have had in it; but the latter died while the enquiry was going on. He was very sensibly affected with the loss of his son, on whose emi nence he grounded his expectations of raising a family to distinction in the state; a claim which would have been well supported by the great fortune he had created*; and this disappoint ment, added to the alarm and uneasiness that the cry on account of the South Sea scheme occa sioned him, co-operating with a too free use of soporifics, are believed to have occasioned his death, a month only after that of his.son. The Duchess of Marlborough, lamenting his death, publicly wore mourning for him; and the world censured her for so doing, uncharitably imputing * It was generally believed at the time, that if the " Peerage Bill" had taken plaee, the family of Craggs would have been one of the chosen few that were to stand guard at the door, and refuse all entrance in future to the Temple of Honour. N 2 the ISO THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS. V. the grief she expressed on that event, to some thing more than common concern for the loss of him. Mr. Craggs was buried in the cemetery at Charlton in Kent, where there is a monument "to ff the pious memory of the best of fathers," by his daughters. He married Elizabeth, sister of Briga dier Michael Richards, surveyor-general of the ordnance to George I*. She is said to have been an attendant upon the Duchess of Marlborough. This lady died in 17 il, aged 49, and was buried at Charlton.ABRAHAM STANYAN, his right hood before him, a Kit Cat, mez. Kneller p. Faber se. 1733. Abraham Stanyan, a small circle, KmMer p. Q)ok sc. prefixed to Vol. V. of the " tatier/1 Nichols's edition, m six volumes, small octavo, 1786. Abraham Stanyan, a clerk of the council extra- ordinary> evinced great abilities at an early age; and was a most valuable servant of the crown, particularly as a negociator. He was first ap pointed envoy extraordinary to the Swiss Can tons in 1707; and July 6, 1716, envoy extraor dinary to his Imperial and Catholic Majesty; and in the same year a commissioner of the admiralty. In October, 1717, he went as ambassador to the Ottoman Court; and received the place of a clerk ¦of the council, probably, during his absence, which was held for him till his return. He're- mained some time at Constantinople, in which embassy he was succeeded by Sir Everard Faw- kener. On his return he found his brother, lempfe Stanyan, had succeeded him in the clerk ship Of the council, though, np doubt, with his tore^t~nrtd,S„hiCd in 172,! a"v.d was buried at! Charlton, where antire , THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. m GEOKGE I. CLASS V. ' '^^r~ entire approbation; and he was appointed in lieu of ft one of the clerks of the privy seal office, He died at his. seat in Buckinghamshire, greatly esteemed, September 11, 1732. In 1714, the elder brother published an Account of Switzer land, where he had resided some years in a public character, which was very much apprbved of. Temple, the younger, wrote a history of Greece, likewise well esteemed. They were both men of a superior cast : Abraham being an able and an active minister; and Temple, a very ingenious man of letters, and afterwards under secretary of state, an active officer in his department : he wrote the inscription on the pedestal of the statue of George II. at Greenwich. Quere, were they not sons of John Stanyan, Esq. of Eltham, who died in 1714; and whose daughter, Susan, was buried by him in 1762, aged 93? In Hare- field Church, Middlesex, are the tombs of Abra ham, second son of John Stanyan, Esq. aged 26; and John, his third son, aged 28, 1701, Sir WILLIAM WYNDHAM, Baronet, neckcloth through the button-holes, mez. Faber sc. 1740. Sir William Wyndham, Bart, in Rirch's " Lives," J. Houbraken sc. Sir William Wyndham, the third baronet, de scended from a long line of worthy ancestors, filled many important posts, and always with honour to himself and advantage to his country. Sir William was secretary at war and chancellor of the exchequer to Queen Ann, and master of her buck hounds, which Her Majesty followed with delight in the chace, and could, with glee, join in " Hark forward, tallio ho." He repre sented the county of Somerset in parliament from 1708 till his death; where his talents, his elo quence and powers of persuasion, were so emi- N 3 nently 182 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. ,'i . i i ' i m r ' i , i'i. GEORGE I; CLASS V. nently conspicuous, as to encourage Pope to exclaim in a rapture, ff How can IPult'ney, Chesterfield forget, " While Roman spirit charms, and Attic wit; " Or Wyndham, just to freedom and the throne, "¦ —^ ROBERT DALZIEL, C. Alexander p. Petit,, fills, sculp. Lieutenant-general Robert Dalziel, an .officer of great merit, served in all the campaigns of the illustrious Marlborough. The. general was, I sup pose, descended from a branch of the Da'lzi'els, earls of Carnwath, a title lost by the attainder of Robert Dalziel, the sixth earl, by his engaging in the rebellion of 1715. This hardy veteran survived all his contemporaries, and died Octo ber 14, 1768, aged 96. Soldiers who survive the casualties of actual service, often die very old: the duties of their profession harden their bodies, and, perhaps, their minds tbo; because all that they experience in common life is ease and safety, compared to what they have known in their campaigns. Dalziel had seen, and probably served underCharlesII. and all his subsequent sovereigns, James II. William and Mary, Ann, George I. and George II. I think I have heard a very extraor dinary story of a daughter of this general officer's intriguing with a common soldier. The enraged father endeavoured to have him shot for desert ing his arms; but,' at the court martial, the frail fair nobly came forward, and declared, that " the "culprit did not quit his arms when he played " the lover." This saved his life; and the lady gave him her hand : he was a fine young man. Dalziel became reconciled; and the affair ended with his receiving a commission from him who had wished to have shed his blood, as an expia tion for the violation of the chastity of his daughter. JOSHUA 222 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND; GEORGE I. CLASS. VII. JOSHUA GUEST, mez. V. Diestp. 1724, S. Tay lor sc, 1744. This bold and fortunate son of Mars, from a very humble beginning, both in his Civil and mi litary capacity, deservedly rose td the rank Of a general. He had actually been hostler tb the per son who kept the post-office at Borotighbridge in Yorkshire. So far was he from concealing his once subaltern situation in the army, whert re* moved from the care of horses, that he always sent the first slice of meat from his table to the centirtels at his gate : because, said he, " I re* " member, when I stood centinel, I envied those " who were at dinner within doors." In the north aisle of Westminster Abbey is a handsome monument erected to his memory, admirably well cut, having his bifst thereon, in white marble, with the following concise, but energetic inscrip tion on the tablet beneath : SACRED To those virtues That adorn a Christian and a soldier, This marble perpetuates the memorv Of'Lieutenant-General JOSHUA GUEST, Who closed a service of sixty years, By faithfully defending Edinburgh Castlc Against the rebels, 1745. His widow, (who lies near him,) caused this to be erected. He died in 1747, aged 87; she, in 1751. OFFICERS THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 223 GEORGE I. CLASS VII. OFFICERS OF THE NAVY." GEORGE BYNG, Viscount Torrington, in ar mour, Mo. mez. J. Faber sc. 1708. George Byng, Viscount Torrington, collar ,qf the Order of the Rath, mez. J. Davison p. J. Faber sc. 1730. Georgc Byng, Viscount Torrington, mez. G. Knel ler p. J. Faber sc. 1718. • George Byng, Viscount Torrington, in Rirch's " Lives," Houbraken sc. George Byng, Viscount Torrington, a small circle, Miller sc. George Byng, Viscount Torrington, the re storer of his family, was of ancient descent, and born at Wrotham in Kent, where the JJyngs had long flourished, and possessed considerable prb- perty as private gentlemen ; but the estate, for some time, was alienated from the family, by his lordship's father. Mr. Byng, at the early age of fifteen, went to sea as a volunteer, oh a recom-. mendation from Charles II. procured by the Duke of York. In about three years he quitted the sea service, and served as a cadet under Kirk, in the garrison at Tangier; and he soon rose to the rank of lieutenant. By the persuasion of the Lord Dartmouth he again returned to the navy, in which, to the honour of himself and the advan tage of his family, he ever after continued steady. He felt, though at an early age, a due sense of resentment for the violated rights of his country; and was anxious to contribute his part in placing tha crown upon another head, that should wear it more advantageously for the public good. In consequence he was entrusted with the design then carrying on, to gain over the, fleet to the Prince of Orange; and he had the honour of con veying 224 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. "~GEOBG£ I. CLASS VII. veying the submission of the English tars to the prince, at Windsor; when he obtained the com mand of the Constant Warwick, a ship of the fourth rate. Through a succession of meritorious service, under Rooke, Russel, and Shovel; and well-earned promotions; by the favour of his sovereign, George I. on the 9th of September, 1721, he obtained the additional dignity of the peerage, by the title of Viscount Torrington, and Baron By*ng, of Southill in the county of Bed ford. While a commoner, he represented the town of Plymouth in different parliaments. He enjoyed, deservedly, the highest honours in his profession ; and of civil employments, had, at different times, an ample share: the rank of privy counsellor; and knighthood of the bath, on the revival of that order in 1725, crowned the whole, and left nothing else to be desired, as, in fact, there was hardly any thing more left to be be stowed. Triumphant on the main, the fleets of France were compelled to yield to hissilperior skill and courage, wherever he hoisted his flag. The misguided James and his unfortunate son found in him an unconquerable enemy; as did France, Spain, and Sweden. He died first lord com- . missioner of the admiralty, January 17, 173f-3, in his 70th year, and was buried at Southill in Bedfordshire. Lord Torrington was equally skilful and brave, and as courteous as either; uniting the graces of the army with the gallantry of the navy : as he evinced by his elegant atten tion to the Arch-duchess, Mary Ann of Austria, ¦whom he conveyed to her royal bridegroom, John V. king oi" Portugal. His politeness gained i him a letter of thanks from the, King of Sardinia; and even Philip V. whom he acted against, ac knowledged his merit. His lordship married Mar garet, daughter of James Master, of East Lougden in THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 225 GEORGE I. CLASS VII. in Kent, Esq. an alliance that has been peculiarly fortunate; for the late William Daniel Masters, of Yokes in Kent, Esq. devised his fine estate there, after his relict's death, to the present peer. His lordship's family consisted of eleven sons and four daughters. Pattee and George, the two eldest sons, ; became, successively, Viscounts Torring ton : John, the fourth, was the unfortunate ad miral; about the merits of whose case his judges, at the time, and posterity, since, have been much divided in opinion; and the latter still continues to regard his fate with commiseration. MATTHEW AYLMER, Lord Aylmer, 17 10, mez. Matthew Aylmer, second son of Sir , Chris topher Aylmer, a baronet of Ireland, was created Baron of Babrath, from a family seat in the county of Meath, in that kingdom, by George I. May 1, 1718. He went a reformade to sea, through the persuasion of the Duke of Bucking ham" to whom he had been a page. His first promotion in the fleet was an appointment to the command of the Charles galley; but in the reign of James II. he commanded a ship. Lord Russel made him one of his seconds, when Rear- admiral Carter fell at La Hogue; and he was raised to that rank, as a reward for the gallant services he performed under him. William III. sent him to the Mediterranean, where he sub dued the sea rovers; and obtained a peace at Algiers, Tunis, and Tripoli : this event gained him great reputation. After the accession of Queen Ann he refused to serve under Colonel Churchill, and was superseded by Sir John Leake; but George I. restored him to his former station in the navy, and gave him an Irish barony; ap pointed him governor of Greenwich Hospital; keeper of the palace and park there; and a com- Vol. III. Q, missidner 226 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS VII. missioner of the admiralty. Besides which, he represented Dover as one of its barons, from 1098 till his death, except in the last parliament of Queen Ann. His lordship died immediately after he had been raised to the rank of rear-ad miral of Great Britain, August J 8, 1720; and was buried at Greenwich, where he had long resided. " He had," said Mackay, "a very good head; " was indefatigable and designing; was very zea- " lous for the liberties of the people; made a " good figure in parliament as well as the fleet: " handsome in his person, of a brown com- " plexion." By Sarah, daughter of Edward Ellis, of London, Esq. he had Henry, his suc cessor; and two daughters : Elizabeth; and Lucy, who became second wife to Hugh Fortescue, Esq. father of the Earl of Clinton, K.B. by virtue of a limitation in the patent; but the earldom re verted to the Earl of Lincoln. Sir JAMES WTSHART, mez. Dahl p. Faber sc. 1722. Sir James Wishart was made an admiral by Queen Ann, in 1703; and -a lord commissioner of the admiralty, December 12, 1710, in-which year he was returned a member of parliament for Portsmouth; in which, he sat again for the same place, in 1713. His royal mistress conferred the honour of knighthood upon him; but, in the fol lowing reign he lost all his places, and was dis missed from the service, perhaps, under suspicion of favouring the interest of the exiled part of the royal family. He resided at Chelsea, and died May 30, 1723; and his relict, in January, 1736-7. This admiral was of Scotch extraction, and there fore little is Juiown in England of his private history; but his family has produced many emi nent THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 227 GEORGE I. CLASS VII. nent characters in Scotland. His portrait is placed with those of several other distinguished British sea Officers at Hampton Court. CHARLES WAGER, mez. M. Dahl p. Faber sc. 1710. Charles Wager, oval, mez. T. Gibson p, Faber sc. 1751 and 1737. / It has been said that this great man was edu cated a quaker; and, that though he left that community, he always was peculiarly kind' to its members. His mother had two husbands. Eleanor, his maternal sister, married the Rev. John Wat son, D.D. whom she survived; and died in 1731, and was buried at Lewisham. The gallantry of Sir Charles would have dignified any descent, as be was equally great and good, and carried the British flag triumphant in many seas. In the reign of Queen Ann he gained vast applause, by his conduct in the West Indies; and he engaged the Spanish admiral, off" Carthagena, till his ship blew up, when he captured the rear-admiral, with a considerable treasure : and it is supposed, that if all his officers had done their duty, he, would have; performed most important services. He brought Bridges and Windsor, two of his cap tains, before a court martial in Jamaica, where they were proved guilty, and broke. He was then only a commodore: but his gallantry gained him the honour of knighthood'.. In the. North Sea he acted with such vigour, that he obliged Sweden to relinquish the alliance of Russia, by which George I. saved Denmark, his ally, from ruin. To reward his merit, he was made admiral of the white, first commissioner of the admiralty, and a privy counsellor. Sir Charles was a member of parliament in 17 14, for Portsmouth; in 1715,for Q g Westlow 228 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. - - . ¦ — , "»- GEORGE I. CLASS VII. Westlow in Cornwall; in 1722 and 1727, for Ports mouth. In 1734 he was proposed for Westminster; but Lord Sundon, his colleague, imprudently bringing in the military, at the cloSe of the poll, the election was declared void. Sir Charles was, at that time, conveying His Majesty to the con tinent. Parties ran very high; and the opposi tion to the minister, Walpole, took that opportu nity of depriving the admiral of his seat : in 1741, Westlow again returned him. This brave officer died at Chelsea, May 24, 1743, aged 77; and was buried in Westminster Abbey, where there is a monument, by Schemakers, to his me mory, erected by the grateful Francis Gashrey, Esq. in. 1747: a basso-relievo on it, represents the taking and destroying the Spanish galleons,, in 1708; with a pyramid in the back ground, and Fame mourning over the medallion of the. admi ral, which an infant Hercules is admiring. What ever may be the deficiency of the execution, the truth of the inscription compensated: a more just character is not to be found in the Abbey. " He was a man of great natural talents, improv- ' ed by industry and long experience.; who ' bore the highest commands; and passed " through the greatest, employments with credit " to himself and honour to his country. He was, '! in his private life, humane, temperate, just, and " bountiful. In public station, valiant, prudent, " wise, and honest; easjr of access to all; plain ' and unaffected in his manners; steady and ^e- ' solute in his conduct; so remarkably happy in •' his presence of mind, that no danger ever dis- -' composed him. He was esteemed and favoured " by his king; and honoured by his country." Sir Charles was ever true to the promoter of his for tune, Sir Robert Walpole; and when the general voice of the house was against the pacific mea sures THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. $29 GEORGE I. CLASS VII. sures of the minister, he stemmed the torrent, by declaring, that, " to his knowledge, Sir Robert " was as forward and zealous to promote the " war as any of His Majesty's council; and, that (c nothing was a moment wanting in his province, " that of issuing money. That he had never " interfered in recommending any one person " to the admiralty board; and, that if he had " ever done so, he could declare, that he should " have thrown up all his employments." This assertion, proceeding from a man who had been nine years at the head of the admiralty, had great influence; and the noble simplicity of the admi ral's conduct gained him universal regard. " I " must instantly set sail for Holland," said his impatient sovereign to him. " Sir, it is at the " peril of your life." " Did you ever hear of a. " king being drowned," answered the monarch, The admiral^ with his usual gravity, replied, " Yes, please Your Majesty, Pharaoh, king of " Egypt." He ever promoted public charities. The Duke of Montagu and he were patrons and stewards of the Cockney's Feasts held at Stepney, to apprentice poor children to the sea service : this institution has been superseded by the Ma rine Society. When Mrs. Russell, daughter of Henry Cromwell, lord lieutenant of Ireland, the younger son of the Protector, Oliver, left her daughter, Mary, at his seat at Fordham, Sir Charles said, " I have purchased the estate this child is " heir to; and I will educate and provide for " her." His portrait is in the palace at Hampton, Court, Q 3 Sir 230 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. S. ¦¦¦«• < T f II ¦ ¦ I1 ' . • * GEORGE 1. CLASS. VII. . Sir THOMAS HARDY, mez. Dahl p. 17 44, Fa ber sc. 1 722. Sir Thomas Hardy went to sea early in life, and became a captain in 1693. He commanded the Pembroke, under Rooke, at Cadiz, and was left on the, coast of Spain, when the English fleet were returning, with orders to steer for Lagos Bay in Portugal, to watch the galleons. He soon sailed thence to acquaint the admiral, that the Spanish galleons were gone into Vigo harbour, convoyed by seventeen French men of war. In consequence, the harbour was entered, the ship ping destroyed, and an immense quantity of bullion captured. Sir Thomas was chosen to convey, the.intelligenee to England; for which the queen conferred on him the honour of knight hood, of greater distinction at that time thsm it is thought now. He was afterwards advanced to ,the rank of a rear-admiral; and highly valued by ; Her Majesty, and Prince George of Denmark, lord high admiral of England. Sir Thomas sat in parliament, in 1710 and 1713, for the borough of Melcomb-Regis, Dorsetshire; and died, rear- admiral of the red, at Hampstead, August 16, 1732, aged 66 ; and was buried under a flat stone, in Westminster Abbey, as was Dame Constance, his wife. There is a monument erected to the me mory of this^" hardy tar," who was, I suppose, father of admiral Sir Charles Hardy. He had a " beautiful" daughter, married, May 27, 1732, to George Chamberlayne, Esq. M.P. who received a fortune of 10,000Z. with her. Sin THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 231 I ' ~ -',;¦¦¦ .. 'GEORGE I. CLASS VII. Sir JOHN JENNINGS, mez. Kneller p. 1704, Fa ber sc. 1722. Sir John Jennings was descended from a very respectable and loyal family, resident at Hudle- ston in Shropshire, which had suffered greatly for the cause of Charles I. Adopting the naval ser vice, he early distinguished himself, particularly in the Mediterranean; for which he was knighted by Queen Ann, September 9, 1704. Sir John was not only a valiant admiral, but an eminent mi nister in the cabinet, and a useful member of the House of Commons, in which he represented Queenborough, Kent, in 1705 and 1708; and Rochester, in 1714, 1722, and 1727. He long held the office of commissioner of the admiralty; but resigned in 1727, owing to his infirmity of . deafness. He was also governor of Greenwich Hospital; high steward of the royal manor of East and West Greenwich, and Lee; chief steward of the lordship, manor, and town of Deptford- Stroud; and high bailiff" of the town and lordship of East Grecnwich. Sir John died rear-admiral of Great Britain, December ,23, 1743, aged 79. and was buried in Westminster Abbey. He mar- , ried Mrs. Britain, in June, 17 17, who died Octo ber 2, 1723 : by whom he had issue, John Jen nings, Esq. who married Mary, sister of the Earl of .Clanrickard, in May, 1741. It is probable, that this admiral may. have been related to the brave Sir William Jennings, an admiral in the reign ,,-,, of Charles II. who adopted the cause of James II. \' and went into the French service; in which he commanded as captain of a ship : an act not to be excused by his misguided attachment. Admi ral Sir John Jennings gave the statue of his-late Majesty, which stands in the great square of Q 4 Greenwich 232 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS VII. Greenwich Hospital, sculptured by Rysbrack, out of a single block of white marble, which weighed eleven tons, and was taken from the French by the gallant Sir George Rook. Sir John resided in the governor's apartments in the hospital, where there is a portrait of him by RichardsOn; Sir CHALONER OGLE, mez. C. Zincke p. Faber sc. (174.1.) Sir Chaloner Ogle, mez. G. Hicks p. R. Timssc. Sir Chaloner Ogle was a native of Kirkby, near Newcastle upon Tyne ; became captain of the Swallow man of war; and was knighted May 7, 1723, for the important service he had rendered the government, by defeating and killing the in famous pirate Roberts, and taking three of his ships upon the coast of Africa; after which he was appointed admiral and commander of the fleet, on the decease of Admiral Sir John Norris. Sir Chaloner succeeded Admiral Nicholas Had dock in 1746, as a representative in parliament for the city of Rochester; was returned again in 1747; died April 11, 1750, aged 70; and was buried at Twickenham. In private life this gal lant man's virtues were eminently conspicuous. He married his relation, Isabella, daughter of Dr. Ogle, a physician in Newark, who died Oc tober 12, 1723; after which he married again to his second lady : she died at her house in New Broad-street, September, 1737. When the Hon. Admiral Lee heard of Sir Chaloner's death, he said, facetiously, that he would pay his addresses to his widow; but a few hours afterwards he fell dead, without any previous illness. CLASS THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 233 GEORGE I. CLASS VIII. CLASS VIII. GENTLEMEN, YOUNGER SONS OF PEERS. CHARLES CECIL, a child with a lamb, mez. Vr. Vaart p. R. Lens sc. It is most probable that this is one of the chil dren of the truly illustrious family of Cecil. The history of the Cecils of Salisbury and Exeter are both very defective; so much so, that it is with difficulty that the younger sons of either can be identified. Granger does not notice this print; but Bromley says, the Charles Cecil, Esq. whom it represents, died in 1726. A gentleman of those names, died March 17, in that year, a bachelor, 'who, I suppose, was the third son of John Cecil, fifth earl of Exeter, who sat in the parliament of 1701, and the six succeeding, for the borough of Stamford. As Lens, the engraver of the print, died April 28, 1725, aged 66; it must, ff of this gentleman, have been an early production of that artist. John Vandervaart the painter, died in England, 1721, aged 74. These dates may sub stantiate some facts to other inquisitive persons, with better opportunities of ascertaining with accuracy this engraving*. The Hon. Charles Cecil, fifth son of John, sixth earl of Exeter, died young and unmarried, in 1726, the print was pot of him. * Of the Salisbury branch of the Cecils there were two Charles Cecils. One was the fourth son af James, third earl of Salisbury, who was murdered at' Rome: the other was his nephew, and the son of the Hon. Robert Cecil, second son of the Earl of Exeter, and a member of parliament for Wotton Basset. This last Charles Cecil became, successively, bishop of Bristol and Kangor, and died in 1157. WILLIAM g34 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS VIII. WILLIAM CECIL, wh. length, sitting, with a dog and parrot, mez. W. Wissing p. Smith sc. 1686. William Cecil, wh. length, in the same attitude and accompaniments, la. Mo. mez. W, Wissing p. Bromley thinks the Hon William, Cecil was brother of Brownlow, Earl of Exeter, and conse quently son of John, sixth earl of Exeter. Earl Brownlow had a brother, named William, who, was educated with him at St. John's College, Cam bridge, and gave great hopes that he would main tain the lustre of the family; "but died too " early, to the concern of all who had the happi- " ness of his acquaintance, July 19, 1717." This, however, could not have been the gentleman re presented in the above engraving; because. John, sixth earl of Exeter, his father, was not born at the time of the date, which Granger does not mention. This Hon. William Cecil ' was the se cond son of John Cecil, fifth earl of Exeter; and brother of the Hon. Charles CeciL, represented in the last print. William settled at Snape in Yorkshire; and was returned once, not several times, as the peerages assert, for the borough of Stamford,; and died unmarried. The Hon. THOMAS EGERTON, sm. Mo. P. Lely p. Au. Alsen sc. 1790. The Hon. Thomas Egerton was the third son of John Egerton, earl of Bridgewater, and of Eli zabeth, daughter of William, Marquis of New castle, a lady of great talents and accomplishments, and adorned with all the Christian graces. ,He was born March 16, 1651; resided at Tatton Park in Cheshire; and dieU in 1729. He left issue by Hester, only daughter of Sir John Busby, ofAd- dington, THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 235 GEORGE I. CLASS VIII. dington, Bucks, Knt. four sons and one daugh ter : John, his heir; Thomas, who died unmar ried; the Rev. William Egerton, chaplain to George I. and George II. a prebendary of Canter bury, who left a family by Ann, daughter of Sir Francis Head, Bart.; Manwaring, who died a child; and Elizabeth, married to the Rev. Leigh, rector of Whitchurch, Shropshire. BARONETS. Sir JOHN WYNNE, Bart, from a picture of Sir G. Kneller's, at Wynnstay, given in " York's Royal " Tribes of Wales," Mo. J. Allen dclin. W. Rond sculp. The Wynne's are one of the most ancient fami lies in the principality of Wales, and were very numerous in the counties of Denbigh and Car narvon; and there were branches of the name in other counties. Sir John Wynne, of Gwydir, " „the historian, who died in 1626, was advanced to the dignity of a baronet, by James I. in 1611 : his peculations are so well remembered by his countrymen, that they have unanimously con fined his spirit to the cataract of Rhaiader v We- not; and, had he not feed off his demerits, the Chancellor Egerton's complaint against him would have sent his bodv to " durance vile." John, his accomplished son, died before him, at Lucca; and was succeeded by Sir Richard, the se cond baronet, groom of the bed-chamber to . Charles I. when Prince of Wales, whom he at tended into Spain, on his romantic errand to ¦ wed an Infanta. But Charles having obtained the beauty of France, Henrietta Maria, Sir Richard became her treasurer :' I suppose he loved that country better than Spain. He wrote to his father, 236 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEOKGEI. CLASS VIII. father, to be happy in his native land; for "both " the kingdoms of Castile and Arragon were not " worth one of our worst counties!!!" This gen tleman was the friend and patron of Inigo Jones. Dying without issue, Sir Owen, the, next of his eleven brothers, succeeded; who was succeeded by his son. Sir Richard, who having no child, Sir John Wynne, the son of Henry, the tenth son, became the fifth and last baronet, who resided at Watstay, through his marriage with Jane, daugh ter of Eyton Evans, Esq. of that place; but, greatly improving the seat, he changed tthe name to Wynnestay. Sir John enclosed a park for deer, with a stone wall; and planted the fine avenues of oak, elm, and ash trees, still nobly adorning this beautiful spot, the ancient resi dence of the all-powerful Madoq ap Gruffud Maelor, lord of Bromfields, and founder of Lla- negwuest Abbey. The gardens were also planted , by him; and the small swan-egg pear, which he introduced into Wales, amongst other fruit-trees, still bears his name. He sat in the parliament of , 1698, and the three next, for the town of Car narvon; and, in 1710, for the county. This ba ronet had some singularities, of which the fol lowing is an instance :— Going to pay his respects to his royal mistress, Queen Ann, soon after her accession, he met in the drawing-room his old Westminster school-fellow, then the apostolic Beveridge, of St. Asaph. "Ah! Sir John," says the good bishop, " when I knew you first, the " devil was very great with you." " Yes, by Gad, " my lord, and I wish he was half so great wj[th "me now*." This veteran died at the age of had hi ^IT/I1*' °nr- °Jd b.ar0net' Sir John> wou,d h"ve been more chaste, verv w i "k , tL"3" wPne9t rre; but' PerhaPs> »ke his relatimvthe DreaohmT 1 « TT ^'T' .Esq' M'P' for Carnarvon, he did not love preaching. Says Bishop Sherlock to the curate, at a Sunday's dinner, " I " wonder THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 237 GEORGE I. CLASS VIII. 91, in 1718, and was buried at Rhiwabon, under " a mass and massacre of marble, ludicrous to " look on." His estates and name he bequeathed to the Williams', a family who are still richer in character than wealth, though they are called the "Kings of Wales." Sir ARTHUR KAYE, Bart. mez. Simon sc. rare. Sir Arthur Kaye, of Woodsome in Yorkshire, Bart, was descended from an ancient, and mOst respectable family; and was elected a member for that county in all the parliaments from 1710 to 1722 inclusive, with Lord Down, but was al ways mentioned first in the return. His father, Sir John, had also sat in four parliaments for that most extensive province. Loyal and brave, his grandfather, Sir John Kaye, Knt. and Bart, suffer ed much in his person and fortune for Charles I. * when the republicans fined him 500/. as a delin quent. Sir Arthur inherited all the spirit of his an cestors, their love of their country and the laws; and was a most respectable character. He died July 10, 1726; and had married Ann, daughter and co-heir of SirSamuel Mairrow,ofBerkswell in War wickshire, by Mary, daughter and co-heir of Sir Arthur Cayley, of Newland in that county, Knt. This lady survived Sir Arthur till August, 1740; but his only issue by her was Elizabeth, sole heir to her father, who married George Legge, - viscount Lewisham, eldest son and heir-apparent of William, first earl of Dartmouth. That young nobleman died, prematurely, of the small-pox, November 28, 1727, when the countess married -> "wonder why we had no sermon this morning." "Oh! my lord," says poor Ellis, in his broad, simple manner, " Had I preached when Master " Wynn is in cliurch, I shall have nothing hut small beer; but when I dr> " not preach when Master is in church, I may have my belly-fuU of ale, and " welcome." FRANCIS 239 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. . CLASS. VIII. Francis North, earl of Guildford ; and died April 21,.' 1745* It was singular that the sons of each, of her marriages were earls. Lord Dart mouth has the engraved plate of Sir Arthur Kay, his maternal ancestor. Sir JACOB. ASTLEY, Bart. T. Worlidge sc, , The family of Astley, one of the mOst ancient and most honourable in England, intermarried with the; royal PJantagenets. Some of the branches were ennobled; and three of the Astleys have been created baronets : the Astleys, of Pats- hull in Staffordshire; Sir Isaac Astley, Knt. of Hill-Norton, in Warwickshire, and Melton-Con stable in Norfolk, created January 21, 1641, who died December 7, 1659, without issue by either of his wives; and Sir Jacob Astley, his nephew and heir, knighted , by Charles II. created a ba ronet June 25, 1660. Sir Jacob was heir to all the entailed estates of Jacob Astley, Lord Astley, through. his; mother, Elizabeth, daughter of Jacob, the first lord. Astley. This Sir Jacob represented the county of Norfolk in parliament forty years; and had been sheriff of that county in 1664. He married Blanch, eldest daughter of Sir Philip Woodhouse, of Kimberley in Norfolk, Bart, by whom he had issue, Jacob, who died at Oxford, June 9, 1681, greatly regretted; Sir Philip, his successor; Edward, who died young, January 7, 1672; John, who left no issue; and Blanch, who died unmarried. Sir Jacob Astley died in Au gust, 1729, aged 90 years. Sir JOHN BOWYER, Bar*, mez. J. Gibson pinx. S. Smith sc. 1690. The family of Bowyer, of Knippersle?, resi dent- THE HISTORY, OF ENGLAND. 239 GEORGE I. . CLASS VIII. dent in the parish of Biddulph, . Staffordshire^ were raised to the baronetage; in the time of Sir John Bowyer of that place, Knt. The engraving' informs us, that this young gentleman was born March 14, 1682-3, and that he died April 30, 1701; which proves Mr. Bromley to have been mistaken, in asserting that his death occurred in 1710, October 28. The title of baronet has long been extinct in this family of Knip.persley; but the family of Bowyer, of Durham-Court in the palatinate of Durham, descended from a younger branch of those of Knippersley, are still in pos session of their title. Sir William Bowyer, of Durham,Knf. obtained his patent June 25, 1660; preceding the elder branch a few months in date. A KNIGHT. WILLIAM DRAPER, JEt. 66, in a sporting dress, dog, mez. C. Philips p. Faber sc. WiJLliam Draper, Esq. of Beswick, near Beverly in Yorkshire, was, in imitation of his ancestors, a famous fox hunter, and despised the less gene rous sport of killing hares and partridges. This veteran could sit his horse, and enjoy the chace, when more than 80 years of age; but he lived to that of 90, when the noise of the hounds was sweet music to his ears. It is but justice to add, that Mr- Draper (thpugh not equal to a Somef- ville) was not one of those country gentlemen who relish nothing else but the joys of the field. His daughter married Mr. Slingsby Bethel, Pope's friend; and his grandson was Sir William Dra per, K.B. JOHN '240 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS VIII. JOHN KENRICK, JEt. 39, wh. length, sh. Knel ler p. 1681, Vertue sc. John Kenrick, Esq. a Hamburgh merchant, died at his house in Turn-wheel-lane, near Dow- gate, London, March 3, 1730, aged 71. The portrait of this gentleman has been before de scribed by Mr. Granger*,, who mentions the fate of the Original picture, which was a very fine one by Kneller, and was destroyed by the fire in Covent Garden, which burnt down the piazza, in 1769, it, having been sent but a very short time before,, to Mr. Anderson the pic ture cleaner; to be put in order. The picture itself being of a great height, and in a large frame, stuck in the stair-case, as they were removing it, and was not able to be got down. The print, which was one of Vertue's last and worst perform ances, was engraved for one of Dr. Kenrick's sons, the Rev. Dr. Scawen Kenrick, who paid him sixty guineas for it. The plate is still in the pos session of the family, who claim to be of royal Anglo-Saxon descent. In the town-hall at Read ing are two portraits of one of their ancestors, Mr. John Kenrick, or Kendrick, as it was then written, who was a very wealthy trader in the time of Charles I. and the commonwealth; who was sheriff of Losdon in 1645, and lord mayor in 1652. He was a great benefactor to the towns of Reading and Newbery; and his will, which is a curious picture of the piety and charity of those times, gives back to the public a part of what he had gained by the public, in a great variety of humane and charitable bequests, that gladdened the hearts of many, instead of glutting the luxury and avarice of a few. * SeeC«n5cr, Vol. Ill, p. 411, for other particulars. BARONETS, THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 241' GEORGE I. CLASS VIII. A BARONET, KNIGHTS AND GENTLEMEN IN CIVIL EMPLOYMENTS, MEMBERS OF PAR LIAMENT, Sec. Sir WALTER HAWKESWORTH, Bart, oval, neckcloth clasped, mez. G. Lumley sc. The Hawkesworths, of Hawkesworth in York shire, were a very ancient family. Sir Walter's father, of the same baptismal name, was created a baronet by Charles II. December 6, 1678, and died in 1683; whose mother was Ann, daughter of Sir Robert Markham, of Sedgebrook in Lin colnshire, Bart. This baronet died in March, 1735; and had married Judith, eldest daughter and co-heir of Sir William Ayscough, of Osgodby, Knt. by whom he had issue, seven children; but all of them died before him, except his two daughters and co-heirs; Frances, married to Tho mas Ramsden, of Crowston, Esq. and Judith. Sir GEORGE MERTINS, Lord Mayor, 1725., oval, in the print with Gerard, .^c. given before. This print represents Sir George Mertins, Knt. citizen, alderman, sheriff, and lord mayor of Lon don, 1725; in which year he married Mrs. Mil ford, his first wife having died April 24, 1722. Sir George was successively treasurer and presi dent of Christ's Hospital, to which offices he was unanimously elected, and held them for many yearsj Sir George, with seven other aldermen, and sixteen commoners, on the accession of George II. waited upon Their Majesties and the royal family, to invite these illustrious person ages to the ensuing lord mayor's feast, ( Sir Ed ward Beecher,) and died November 3, 1727. Sir "* \ Vol.111 R George 242 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS. VIII. George was a generous benefactor to the noble foundation above mentioned; and did not dis continue his connexion with it even in death, as ¦* he was buried within its precincts, where there is also a handsome mural monument to his memory in the cloisters of the hospital. Sir JOHN BLUNT, mez. J. Simon sc. Sir John Blunt was one of the most unpopular men in the kingdom, at the time of the South Sea scheme; in which, it was certain, he had a principal hand, if he was not the original con triver of it; in which he merely imitated Law, the grand projector-general of Europe. It is evi dent, however, he was one of the first who pro moted it; and his enemies place him every where amongst the robbers of that speculating period : his profession of a scrivener, they observed, ini tiated him into this vile plot. Smolletsays, that " with his moderate talents he was able to im- " pose upon the whole kingdom." Nothing could exceed the public indignation when the scheme was developed, and the secret committee of the House of Commons appointed to enquire into it, acquainted the House, that " they had " already discovered a train of the deepest vii- " lany and fraud that hell ever contrived to ruin "a nation." The lords wished to have examined Sir John, but he absolutely refused to answer any of their interrogatories : because, said he, " I " have already been examined before the secret " committee." It was observed of this director and the others, that " vehales animse ibi fas ubi " maxima merces." Though petitions, flowed in from every quarter of the kingdom, requiring their punishment, and though this man was con sidered as the most criminal, yet he escaped merely THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 243 GEORGE I. CLASS VIII. merely with the loss of great part of his treasures; and died at Bath, January 24, 1732-3. WILLIAM SHIPPEN, M.P. born 1672, ob. 1743, iin " Harding's Rritish Cabinet." William Shippen, Esq. the great leader of the tories in the reigns of George I. and George II. was son of the rector of Stockport, Cheshire, and born in 1672. He received his education in the school of his native place, under Mr. Dale, a man of abilities. When John Asgill, Esq. was expelled the house of Commons for blasphemy, in 1707, Mr. Shippen succeeded him as repre sentative for Bramber, through the interest of Lord Plymouth, whose son, Dixy Windsor, was his brother-in-law; and he afterwards constantly sat in parliament as member for some borough. Attached to the Stuart family, he always acted as their partizan, and never disguised his sentiments. The court endeavoured, but in vain, to soften him. He was like Marvel, above all price. He had not more than 400Z. per annum, originally, but, as he was an economist, he never exceeded his income. Of George I. he declared, that " the " only infelicity of His Majesty's reign was, that " he was unacquainted with our language and " constitution," for which he was sent to the Tower; because nothing could prevail upon him to soften the expression, as both sides of the house wished him to do: and the Prince of Wales, afterwards George II. even sent his groom of the bed-chamber, General Churchill, with an ' offer of 1000Z. but this he declined; and when re stored to liberty,' was just the same man. Though the most determined of WalpOle's political ene mies, he was; 'like' Sir John Barnard, his private ' friend: to him he applied in favour of one who R 2 was SM THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEGKGE I. CLASS. VIIE. was in trouble for corresponding with the exiled part of the royal family, and the gentleman was restored. He was detected doing the same. The postman, by accident or design, gave the letter into Walpole's hands, sent to Shippen from the, exiled prince. Sending for Shippen, he gave the packet into his hands, without any seeming resentmenf, remarking how careless the person employed must be in his delivery. The Jacobite, covered with confusion, was accosted with the gentlest reproof, adding: " Sir, I cannot, know- " ing your political sentiments, ask you to vote " with the administration ; all I request, is, that " you would vote for me if personally attacked." This he promised and performed. He would pleasantly remark, " Robin and I are two honest " men, he is for King George, and I, for King " James; but those men with long cravats/' mean ing Sandys, Sir John Rushout, Gybbon, and others, " they only desire places, either under "King George or King James." He would say to the most violent whigs, " It is necessary to " restore the Stuarts :" and he would, when asked how he should vote, say, " I cannot tell until I * hear from Rome," the residence of James IPs son. Shippen married the daughter and co-heir of Sir Richard Stote, Knt. of Northumberland, with whom he had 70,000*. but this made no other alteration in his conduct, except in living something more expensively, always much within his, income. Sometimes he resided in apartments in Holland-House, at others, in a hired house on Richmond Hill; but generally spent his summers in Northumberland, with his wife's relations., In town, he lived for many years in Norfolk-street, where he was surrounded by persons of rank, learning, and abilities : he was dignified in con versation,, and. replete with vivacity, and wit..* In ; the THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. S-35 GEORGE I. CLASS VIII. the senate he always commanded attention, by the fire and force of his sentiments, though he spoke in a low tone of voice, too rapidBy, and usually placed his glove before his mouth. " His. " speeches generally contained some pointed pe- " riod, which peculiarly applied to the subject " in debate, and which he uttered with great "animation." He usually was called "the English " Cato," " the inflexible patriot," of whom Pope said, I love to pour out all myself, as plain As honest Shippen, or downright Montaigne. Mr. Shippen died in May, 1743; universally re gretted, because he had been universally be loved. He is as well known as a poetical politi cian, as a prose one; for, besides several tracts, he wrbte " Faction displayed" and " Moderation " displayed :" in which he satirizes the great whig lords, under the names of the principal Romans implicated in Cataline's Conspiracy. He was se vere, but not harmonious. Sheffield, duke of Buckingham, mentioning him in " the Election " of a Poet Laureat," writes, To Shippen, Apollo was cold with respect, But said, in a greater assembly he shin'd : As places are things he had ever declin'd. His un>amiable, unsocial, penurious relict, who had repelled all advances from Queen Caroline, inherited his personalty, as survivor, according to their mutual agreement. She dying an imbecile, the law gave her fortune to her sister, the Hbn. Mrs. Dixie Windsor*. JOHN * Mr. Shippen had three brothers, and a sister: one of the brothers,. president of Brazen Nose College, Oxford, and some time vice-chancellor of that university, was a man of distinguished abilities.. He is said to, have been of the same political epiaions as himtclf. October 15,1716, R3 he 246 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS VIII. JOHN KNIGHT, in the print with Anna, his wife, and James News am, her son, wh. lengths, mez. Vr. Rank p: 1733, Faber sc. 1736. John Knight, Esq. a native of Weymouth, was educated at Wadham College, Oxford; and studied the law at Gray's Inn, London. He re sided at Gosfield, Essex, where he purchased ex tensive and valuable estates. The electors of St. Germain's in Cornwall, returned him one of their representatives, iri the parliaments called in 1710, 1713, and 1714; and those of Sudbury, Suffolk, in 1727. Mr. Knight died October 2, 1733, greatly esteemed in Essex, where, I suppose, he had been a justice of the peace, and deputy-lieu tenant. This gentleman had two wives, Eliza beth, daughter of ¦ Slaughter, of Cheney- Court in the county of Hertford, Esq.; and Ann, daughter of James Craggs, Esq. and sister of the Right Hon. James Craggs, secretary of state, who was the widow of Newsham, Esq. By the former he had issue, John Knight, Esq. who died June 27, 1727, aged 50; and devised all his estates to his last wife, no doubt expecting and meaning they should descend to her son by a for mer marriage, James Newsham, Esq.; but they soon went, at least during her life, to her third husband, Robert Nugent, Esq. joint vice-treasurer of Ireland; privy counsellor; and member of he was inducted to St. Mary's, Whitechapel, in room of Dr. Welton, who lost it because he would not take the oaths to George I. lie died Novem ber 24, 1745. As the other brothers had not any child, the paternal estate went to the two sons of their sister, who had married Mr. Leyborne, of a good family in Yorkshire. These nephews were, Dr. Leyborne, principal of Alban-Hall in Oxford ; and Mr. Leyborne, a merchant of the factory at Lis bon. Their sister married to the Rev Taylor : she was mother to Mrs. Willes, widow of the learned Judge Willes. A collateral branch of the Shippens settled in Philadelphia : one of them married to Lawrens, the pre- , sident of the Congress ; another, to- General Arnold. Quere, Did she con vert him to loyalty ? parliament TftE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 247 GEORGE I. CLASS VIII. parliament for Bristol. Mr. Knight, jointly with his last wife, and Mrs. Mary Millington, aug mented the living of Gosfield vicarage : a cha pel in that church, used for the family seat, contains a most superb monument for the fa mily of Knight, inclosed within folding-doors. It is nearly twenty feet high, and ten wide, with figures of the deceased as large as life. Another case incloses a curious representation of Mrs. Knight, in wax-work, who is represented sitting with her hands across; she probably was his first wife, and the mother of his son. The marble above the monument is thus inscribed : " O fairest pattern to a falling age, " Whose public virtue knew no party rage; " Whose private name all titles recommend, " The pious son, fond husband, faithful friend. " In manners plain, in sense alone refin'd: " Good, without show; and, without weakness kind. " To reason's equal dictates ever true; " Calm to resolve, and constant to pursue. " In life with every social grace adorn'd : " In death by friendship, honour, virtue, mourn 'd." GREY NEVILL, of Billingbeare, mez. M. Dahl p. 1720, G. White sc. Grey Nevil, Esq. of Billingbeare in Windsor Forest, was elected a member of parliament for Abingdon in 1705; Wallingford, in 1708 and 1710; and in the former year, for Wendover in Bucking hamshire. In 17 14 he was chosen for Berwick upon Tweed; and died at Billingbeare, April 24, 1723. Mr. Nevil was a very popular character amongst the dissenters; and had, with Lord Barrington, as members for Berwick, presented an association, R 4 , signed 248 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND, GEORGE I. CLASS VIII. signed by about six hundred persons, to George I. January 6, 1716. He had great singularities; of which the following is an instance :— A sermon was preached at his funeral, May 5,< 1723, by Je remiah Hunt, a dissenting minister, who apolo gized in the preface, for not giving a character pf the deceased, by quoting this clause from his will. — " I give to my Rev. friend, Mr. Jeremiah " Hunt, pastor to the congregational church at " Pinner's-Hall, the sum of I. to preach a " sermon on the last chapter of St. James, pro- . " vided he makes no mention of my name in the " said sermon : I would have it printed." Mr. Nevil was descended from the family of the Earl of Abergavenny; and, as he possessed great landed estate, he was a useful subject to George I. His ancestor, ,Sir Henry Nevil, Knt. had a grant from Edward VI. to whom he was a gentleman of the bed-chamber*, of the manor of Wargrave Hundred in Berkshire, which comprized War- grave, Waltham, Bellingbeare, and Warfield; of which he was deprived by Queen Mary, but they were restored to him by her successor. The younger brother of Grey Nevil, Esq. was Hemy Nevil, Esq. who married Lady Portsmouth, and succeeded him as member for Berwick. FRANCIS MUNDY, of Derbyshire, fol. G. Knel ler p. G. Vertue sc. Francis Mundy, of Derbyshire, fol. J. V. Voort p. G. Vertue sc. The Mundys of Derbyshire are an ancient and most respectable family, branches of which re sided at Mocketon and Quardon. Their estates were considerable; and they still flourish at Mac- * Tradition says, that the picture of Edward VI. at Billingbeare, was painted by Holbeins. worth, THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND., 249 GEORGE I. CLASS VIII. "" " worth, near Derby, and at Marton. Edward Mun dy, Esq. represented the town of Derby in par liament, 1710 and 1713; and might possibly have been the father of this Francis Mundy, Esq. who died March 1, 1719-20, aged 29. The " His- " torical Register" describes him as of Leicester shire, perhaps erroneously. However, there was a branch in that county ; as Wrightson Mundy, Esq. was returned for Leicestershire, in 1747. This surname is often spelt Munday. EDWARD ELLIOT, of Port Elliot, Cornwall, with his wife and family, G. Vertue sc. 1726. Edward Elliot, Esq. descended from a' very an cient family in Cornwall, was elected one of the re presentatives in the parliaments called 1705, 1708, 1710, and 1713, for St. Germain's in that county. He married, in 1726, Elizabeth, daughter of James Craggs, Esq. joint postmaster-general, and sister of Secretary Craggs; by whose death, be fore his father re-married, she became a co-heir. Mr. Elliot died in 174S, leaving several children; the eldest of whom, Edward, born July 8, 1727, was created by His Majesty, January 10, 1784, Baron Elliot, of St. Germain's in Cornwall; and, in 1789, had permission to take the surname and arms of Craggs. EDWARD COLSTON, of Bristol, la. fol. J. Rich ardson p. G. Vertue sc. 1722. Edward Colston, of Bristol, 8vo. G. Vertue sc. This most benevolent man died October 4, 1721, aged 84, universally deplored throughout the kingdom. He was a native of Temple pa rish, Bristol, and eldest son of William Colston, JSs^. the most eminent Spanish merchant in that city. 250 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS VIII. city. The father and two uncles long resided in Spain, where the uncles fell by the hand of vio lence, and, as it has been suspected, because they were Protestants. The three brothers were men of great integrity and exemplary behaviour; but reproached as Protestants, a sect said, by these bigotted Catholics, never to have produced any great examples of benevolence or charity. The merchant returning, determined to disprove the false imputation, which he riiost effectually did; and educated this his son to be a great and illustrious instance of the power of religion, when stripped of superstitious dross. The whole family of the Colstons acted in unison to ad vance the honour of their country, by their piety and charity; and Edward, as head of them, took the lead. Continuing in the business his father and uncles had established, he acquired great wealth; and he used it in that way which was most to God's glory and man's happiness. The citizens of Bristol can never forget him, where there are so many public structures en dowed by him. He built an alms-house on St. Michael's Hill, in 1691; in the same year he gave a sum to maintain six poor sailors, vesting the trust in the. "Society of Merchants;" and built and endowed a free scfjool to clothe and instruct forty boys in writing, arithmetic, and the church catechism. In 1702 he augmented the revenue of Queen Elizabeth's Hospital on the College Green, to maintain, clothe, educate, and appren tice six boys, besides increasing the master's sti pend 601. In 1708 he founded and endowed his hospital for the maintenance of a master, two ushers, and a hundred boys, who were to be clothed, educated, and apprenticed; and convey ed to the clergyman of All-Saints 6/. per annum, for ever, to read Morning Prayers on Monjday and THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 951 GEORGE I. CLASS VIII. and Tuesday throughout the year; 11. to the clerk and sexton ; 61. for a monthly sermon and prayers to the prisoners in Newgate; 14/. to the beneficed clergy of the city, to preach fourteen sermons during Lent, selecting the subjects. In short, there is not a church, or charitable institu tion in the city to which he was not a benefactor. Nor was his benevolence confined to Bristol alone: London, and several provincial towns, par took largely of his benefactions. His private do nations were equal to his public foundation?; but he judiciously refused giving to common beggars, though he relieved the sick, the maimed, the halt, and the blind. This good man sought for ihodest merit secluded from the public eye; and for house-keepers, whose families were large, or their situations otherwise claimed assistance. His eye superintended all his works: when he built, he built not for ostentation, but humanity; and he was careful that his workmen did not de fraud him either in the materials, or by idleness. Religion always received his aid; and calamity ever found him her comforter. Zealous for the national church, but never bigotted; pious, but never superstitious; ardent, but never fanatical : temperance, meekness, equanimity, and cheer fulness, were his constant attendants; and con ducted him to a happy old age, in possession of all his faculties, health, and vigour. As his cha rities much exceeded those of a private man, it may be asked how they could be supplied; and may be thus answered : The Colstons were rich. He was the eldest son, and had no family. His brothers dying without children, left him their pa trimony, increased by industry ; and Mr. Colston, himself knew the use of regularity and strict at- . tention to his ledger; and he excelled as an acr countant : besides, the paint and oil trades were almost 252 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS. VIII. • almost exclusively in the hands of this family.. There is an engraving of his monument, with his ^effigies at full ..length, He died at Mortlake, Surry, but was buried at Bristol. WILLIAM TUNSAL, Mo. mez. (G. White.) IIIucvEtatis qui sit non invenies alteram Lepidiorem ad omnes res, nee qui Amiens Amico sit magis. — Plant. William Tunstall was one , of the misguided gentlemen who espoused the Stuart interest, in 1715. His residence was in the north of Eng- . land, where the family had flourished many cen turies. Taken prisoner at Preston, he was led through Highgate in triumph, April 25, with Messrs. Tildesley, Dalton, Townley, Hodgeson, Heskeths, Walton, and Leybourne, who were af terwards indicted, with him, for high treason, when they all pleaded not guilty : but, being brought to the bar, May 30, he withdrew his for mer plea, and acknowledged himself guilty. On the 26th of June he was again placed at the bar, . and sentence of death was passed upon him; after which he lay in prison, unconscious of his fate, - yet hearing of numbers implicated in the same cause, who were led to execution, 'till April 22, when he was conveyed frpm the Marshalsep, de livered into the custody' of messengers, and at length obtained his pardon : not from any pecu liar circumstances that could weigh with a jury, but because he sung to his harp some "droll" verses upon the occasion, which moved the heart of the minister more than the pathetic misery of many, whose fate humanity must ever deplore. It is said eight hundred unfortunates died by the executioner, a number. much exaggerated,; but, with THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 253 GBORGE I. CLASS VIII. with all allowances, it leaves a sad catalogue, which posterity will ever lament. The fate of most befel them for what they judged their duty. Had mercy shed her benign influence in 1716, there would, probably, have been no second rebellion. Happily for fortunate Tunstall, his oaten reed saved him from an ignominious death : it is to be hoped it solaced too the remainder of his days. Some call Tunstall a Popish doctor : probably he was a Roman Catholic, and he may have been a surgeon. The engraving of him, possessed by Mr. Richard son, has the baptismal name, John ; but his name appears to have been William. The mistake of a name has often saved an unfortunate person, ' by quashing the indictment. Bromley says this portrait was called, Knowles, by Mr. Ibbot*. Why was the name erased, and that of Knowles in serted ? THOMAS HOPKINS, Faber sc. Thomas Hopkins, Esq. an eminent money scri vener of London, died worth 20,000Z. in August, 1735; and was probably allied to Alderman Sir Edward, and Vulture Hopkins: they seem to have been a trio of money-getting men. PAS AGE, JEt. suae, 1723, F. Higmore p. no en graver mentioned. This person, placed among the gentry, was un known 'to Mr. Granger, who adds after his name, " Quere, Who was he?" Bromley does not no tice him: The print is not mentioned in Ames's Collection, Sir William Musgrave's, nor any other * The late Mr. Benjamin Ibbot, of Dartmouth-street, Westminster, a very early and intelligent collector of English portraits. i 1 that 254 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS VIII. that I have seen. The name is not of British origin. WILLIAM BARKER, mez. Faber sc. ad vivum. 1726, This scarce print represents a person whose history no one seems to know. The name is so common, that, without some further clue, it is impossible to ascertain any thing relative to him. • Granger has not noticed the engraving; but, in one of his manuscripts, he mentions " Mr. Barker, deputy-master in the kjng's rememem- " brancer's office in the Court of Exchequer;" , and below, " Sir William Barker, of Bocking- " Hall in Essex, 1726, meaning the date of the " creation of the baronetcy." I think this points out the person meant. It appears from these notes, that William Barker was of the family of baronets, and that he held a place in the law de partment. The family of Barker, of Bocking- Hall, Essex, had much connexion with the law. Sir William Barker, created a baronet bvCharlesII. May 29, 1676, married Elizabeth, the sixteenth child of Sir Jerom Alexander, a native of Nor folk, and a judge of the Common Pleas in Ire land. By this alliance Sir William inherited an estate of about 1500/. per annum, I suppose in Ireland, whither he went; having mortgaged his estate at Bocking very deeply, and where he died. He had issue, three sons: Sir William, his successor; Jerom Barker, Esq.; and Robert Bar ker, of Everley, Wilts, Esq. Sir William Barker, his successor, passing away Bocking to Mrs. Co- burne, the mortgagee, who left all her estates except one, for the benefit of clergymens' widows and children, settled at Ringsale-Halt in Suffolk. It was this gentleman, -probably, whose portrait we THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 255 GEORGE I. CLASS VIII. — ^ we have, engraved before his father's death. He was, I presume, deputy^master of the king's re membrancer's office in the Court of Exchequer ; and died May 5, 1746; when he was succeeded by his eldest son, Sir Robert, whom he had by Catherine, eldest daughter and co-heir of Samuel Keck, of the Middle Temple, Esq. who was eldest son of the eldest brother of Sir Anthony Keek's father, lord commissioner of the great seal in the reign of William III. In looking into Ames's Ca talogue,! perceive the arms are given to the print, which I have never seen; but they will explain whether my conjecture is right. ALEXANDER CHOCKE, whole, length, mez. J. Highmore p. J. Faber sc. Mr. Alexander Chocke, was a receiver of the excise, and died in 1737; but I know no further particulars of him, except that he was one of the esquires to Sir William Morgan, knight ¦ of the bath, at his installation, on the revival of that order in 1725; and is represented in the habit worn at that ceremony. BENEDICT ITHELL, scarce, mez. Faithorne sc. ad vivum. Benedict Ithell, Esq. of Temple Dunsley in the parish of Hitchin, Hertfordshire, was undoubt edly of Welch extraction, as appears by his sur name; for almost all the Welch families have what were anciently only baptismal ones, as Mor7 gan, Williams,, Jones, Cadwallader, Ithell, &c. witha long train of others, annexed by ap, which is synonymous with -Ren in Hebrew, Fitz in, • French* V4fe in Russian, and Son in the Danish language ; 256 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS VIII. language ; except that when the Welch adopted surnames, which is a late thing with them, they abbreviated the ap, by putting the letter final as the prefix to the surname: as, Powel, Parry, Proger, Prichard, Pugh, &c. instead of Owell, Harry, Roger, Richard, Hugh. For particulars of the history of Mr. Ithell I am totally at a loss, only, that he had been deputy-paymaster of Chelsea College. From the scarcity of the en graving, it should seem to have been a private . plate. The print is not mentioned among the work's of the younger Faithorne, by Lord Orford. Mrs. Ithell, his wife, died March 28, 1738. His son, Benedict Ithell, Esq. of Temple-Dunsley, died October 14, 1758. HOPTON HAYNES, Mo. J. Highmore p. Nu gent sc. in Harding's " Riographical Mirrour." Hopton Haynes, Esq. king's assay master of the mint, was born in 1672, and died Novem ber 18, 1749, aged 77 years. His first appoint ment was so early as 1696, to the place of weigher and teller in that department; and his services there, in one or other capacity, extended to, a period of more than fifty years. Whether he wrote any thing relating to the mint, or money affairs in general, is not known; but that he was anxious to maintain the independance and prero gatives of his office, is1 apparent, from a tract, in folio, which he printed, and privately dispersed, entituled " A brief Enquiry relating to the Right " of His Majesty's royal Chapel, and the Privi- '¦'f lege of his Servants within the Tower, in a Me- " morial addressed to the Right Hon. the Lord '• " Viscount Lonsdale, Constable of His Majesty's / " Tower of London/' 1728, folio, signed H. Haynes; THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 257 GEORGE I. CLASS VIM. Haynes; and which is now become, from that cir cumstance, extremely scarce. We may conclude, from his being in the mint at the time that Sir Isaac Newton presided there, and from his known piety, and love of learned conversation, that he had frequent intercourse, and enjoyed the good opinion of that excellent man; and, as a proof that the business of mammon did not wholly en gross his thoughts, or divert his attention from better pursuits, he wrote, and left in the press at the time of his death, " The Scripture Account " of the Attributes and Worship of God, and of " the Character and Offices of Jesus Christ, by a " candid Enquirer after Truth," a second edition of which was printed in 1790. WILLIAM HUCKS, in a cap, collar unbuttoned,, mez. J. Vr. Rank p. 1729, Faber sc. 1737. William Hucks, Esq. was a gentleman long known in parliament, in which he sat for Abing* don, Berks, in 1704 and 1714; and in the three following parliaments he was returned a repre sentative for the borough of Wallingford. Mr. Hucks was an opulent brewer in London. I be lieve it was him who was taken notice of, when mounted on a beautiful, hunter, by Lewis XV. The monarch enquired who he was. A witty nobleman replied, " Sire, ur. chevalier de malt :" thus pun ning upon the French pronunciation of Malta, and malt used in brewing. It is probable that the wit never disturbed honest, quiet William Rull, for he was seldom moved' by what he saw or heard. He loved to attend a lawyer's club in or near Chancery Lane, but he remained per fectly quiescent there; and delighted to hear the glib-tortgued tribe talk of their rebutters and sur-rebutters. This gentleman appears, however, Vol. III. S to 258 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEQHGE I. CLASS. VIII. have been a very honest, and a very loyal man : that he might make the latter appear most conspi cuous, he placed the statue of the king, George I. Upon Bloomsbury steeple, on which a wag wrote : The king of Great Britain was reckon'd before, The head of the church, by all good Christian people : But his brewer has added still one title more To the rest, and has made him the head of the steeple. Mr. Hucks was brewer to the household; died November 4, 1740; and was succeeded by his son, Robert Hucks, Esq. in several parliaments, as representative for Abingdon. William Hucks, Esq. had a brother, also a brewer, and a partner with the well-known rich miser Smith Meggot, Esq. son of Colonel Meggot. Mr. Meggot, w,ho took the surname of Elvys, was the heir of Mr. Smith's wealth and avarice. THOMAS ROWNEY, fol. J. Green sc. Oxon. ThOmas Rowney, mez. Thomas Rowney, Esq. son of Thomas Rowney, an attorney of Oxford, acquired so great a cha racter there, that he Was returned in no less than twelve parliaments to represent that city, from 1695 to his death*. He waz high sheriff "for the county * Catherine Fisher, widow of William Seymour, an attorney of Oxford, married Thomas Rowney, another attorney, who died in the house of her last husband, m the parish of St. Giles's, and was buried January 30, 1664-5 i at whose funeral Anthony a Wood assisted in bearing the pall, she being his godmother, and Mr.Rowney's first wife. It was by a second marriage that he hart tktn hitrli ohorifPnf rtvfnvil.K: w. _ j . . - ' _. ° « stood to be burgess of Oxford, entertained his voters, and cost him 20J. and they went afray civilly. Recorder'Wright entertained his men in his Bjicksiiii:, on Monday following; and being drunk, wandered- about the i'-at, , broke windows, and abused many; went to Thomas Rowne-y's house, "and THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 259 *•¦•: ' ¦ .- ' — l_1 _ george i. class viii. county of Oxford in 1691; and died August 26, 1727. Thomas Rowney, Esq. his son ahd heir, was also returned a member for the city of Ox ford, in 1727, and the three following parliaments : an extraordinary instance of attachment in the electors to this family. JOSIAH BURCHETT, mez. J. Maubert pinxit, J. Simon sc. Josiah Burchett, prefixed to his "Naval History," 1720, fol. G. Vertue sc. Josiah Burchett, Esq. secretary of the admi ralty for nearly fifty years, represented Sandwich in the parliaments called in the years 1705, 1708, 1710, 1722, 1727, and 1734. After his first elec tion he vacated his seat, by accepting the places of secretary of marines and secretary to the lord warden, but was re-chosen. Mr. Burchett, and his colleague, Sir Henry Oxenden, Bart, gave the altar-piece, and built the gallery of Sand wich church; in 1723. The former died Octo ber 2, 1746, very far advanced in years. He had a daughter married to Sir Charles Hardy, Knt. commander of the royal yacht, and afterwards admiral, who died in July, 1735. ¦ JOHN RUDGE, mez. Whoodp. 173,0, Faber sc. 1740. John Rudge, Esq. was of respectable descent, and deputy-governor of the South Sea Company, " and hooted there. He came and hooted with them : then went to Taylor, " the new mayor, and Wood, the old mayor, and made a disturbance at their " dpors. These are the fanatical or factious party, and show what' they " would do when they are in authority. They broke the windows of Mr. »• Evans, a gentleman of Magdalen parish, who hath a bailiff's place in the " house, and is a great stickler, for the loyal party. They broke the windows " of Hawes, a taylor in Holywell, upon the same account. This riot being " mostly provoked by the town-clerk, Stratford, who had formerly ob- " tainedhis place by the endeavours of Wright, recorder, was bound over to "the sessions." S 2 when 2o0 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS. VIII. when the bubble broke. Edward Rudge, Esq. whom I suppose to have been his father, was a representative of the borough of Evesham, in 1685 and 1690; as was this gentleman, John Budge, Esq. in 1698; and from 1702 to 1734, inclusive. He had been chosen deputy-governor of the South Sea Company, February 1, 1727; and was by no means one of those mere adven turers that contributed to the ruin of so many families, as he had been a deputy-governor of the bank of England from the year 1721. Heap- pears to have escaped much better than most of those at the head of that nefarious scheme, arid did net lose his seat in parliament. He died March 22, 1740. Edward Rudge, Esq. his son, was also member of parliament for Evesham, in 1741 and 1747; and resided at his father's seat of Wheatfield in the county of Oxford, on whose death his effects were sold. The deputy-governor had a daughter, named Margaret, married to Sir William Stanhope, K.B. There are several gen tlemen of the name of Rudge, mentioned as re siding near London, in Mr. Lyson's " Environ's " of London;" but lam not certain they are of this family. DUDLEY WOODBRIDGE, Esq. Director Gen. of the Royal Afisiento Company of England in Barbadoes, mez. Kneller p. 1718, Smith sc. 1718. Dudley Woodbridge. Esq. director general of the Royal Assiento Company in Barbadoes, was judge advocate in that island/then the first settle ment in the West Indies, and the agent of the South Sea Company there. He died February H» 1720, I suppose in" Barbadoes. Mr. Woodbridge was THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 261 GEtlHGE I. CLASS VIII. was a member of the Society for propagating the Gospel in foreign parts*. JOHN MORLEY, Mt. 60, 1716, met. Kneller p. J. Simon sc. John Morley, Mt. 70, Mo. J. Richardson p. 1725, G. Vertue sc. 1726. ¦"" John Morley, Esq. commonly called Merchant Morley, a humorist and fortunate adventurer, was of humble birth, and the son of a butcher; a trade which he is said to have followed, for some time, himself. Certain circumstances made him known to Lord Treasurer Oxford; and he insinuated himself so completely into his confi dence, that' he gained absolute sway over that nobleman's mind. This carcase-man not only became a great land-jobber, but even the nego ciator of the marriage of Edward Lord Harley, af terwards the second earl of Oxford, with the only daughter and heir of John Holies, duke of New castle; and to him was entrusted alljhe letters and messages between him and the lady : for completing this match he received, it was said, J 0,000J. The indignation that Lord Oxfords friends felt for this ill-placed confidence was very great. Swift says, " I extremely love my Lord " and Lady Oxford; but his way of managing " his fortune is not to be endured. I remember * It is- probable that Dudley Woodbridge may have been a descendant from, or was allied to, the Rev. John Woodbridge, chaplain to the counnis- si»niTs of parliament, at the treaty in the Isle of Wigli', who being ejected from his preferment by the Bartholomew A ct in I66-J, went to North Ante* lica, where he had been before; but having preached, when in New England, contrary to I heir rigid notions, lie changed his direclory for the statutes;: at large, and acted as a justice of the peace. He died there, March 11, 1693, aged 82, and left a very numerous posterity. Two of his three sons studied tilt- law ; and four grandsons were preparing to go into the ministry. It is well known, that the descendants of several disaffected persons returned to Kngland, and were employed under the legitimate government, Benjamin Woodbridge, M.A. an ejected minister of good character ,.who lost hjs && ferment at Newbury, Berkshire, in 1662, might be another relation. S3 "a rascally 9BS THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS VIII. " a rascally butcher, one Morley, a great land- " jobber and knave, who was his lordship's ma- " nager; and hath been the principal cause of fC my lord's wrong conduct, in which you (alder- *' man Barber) agree with me in blaming his " weakness and credulity." It appears that Prior well knew Squire Morley : the expedition to Down-Hall, by Matthew the poet, with Morley the land-jobber, is recorded in his works, with all their comical fancies, as they passed along in their calash, when Into an old inn did this equipage roll, At a town they call Hoddesdon^the sign of the Rull; Near a nymph with an urn, that divides the high way; And into a puddle throws mother of Tea, Down-Hall was found to be but a mug-house; and the bargain did not take place at that time, but was afterwards completed by Lord Oxford, and given to Prior for his life; but John and Mat parted friends, for Mat said to John : Now let us touch thumbs, and be friends ere we part ; Here, John, is my thumb; and here, Mat, is my heart : To Halstead I speed ; and you go back to town. Thus ends the First Part of the Rallad of DOWN. Berry down, down, hey derry down, Morley became the greatest land-jobber in the kingdom; but so far was he from regarding the opinion of the world, or endeavouring to con ceal his having been a butcher, that he seemed to glory in it; and it is said that he even, annually, killed a hog in the public market-place, and took a groat THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 2§3 GEORGE I. CLASS VIII. a groat as his fee for doing it. But this sacrifice occurring only at stated periods, he thought it too little known, for strangers must be generally ig norant of the circumstance; he, therefore, for the benefit of all his visiting friends, erected his statue in his garden, which represented him scalding a pig : and, as a very exquisite contrivance, the water conveyed up the statue, fell from the corner of his hat. The story of the flaming torch in his arms, taken for a cow's tail reversed, is contradicted by the grant; for he had the vanity, when he acquired estates of the annual value of 4 001. to apply to Garter Anstis in 1722, and ob tained these : vert, three leopards, faces in pale, or, jessant each a fleur de lis argent; crest, on a wreath, a demy man, proper, habited azure, lined argent, holding a pole-axe bend-wise, or, the head proper, having a steel cap thereon, a plume of three feathers, first gules, second or, and,third azure. Motto, " Nee errat, nee cessat." The arms do not seem to have been professional; but the crest is that of a butcher dressed very fine : the motto may well serve for an industrious and skilful wieider of the axe. Morant, who gives this grant, also takes notice of the descent of the illustrious stock. Munchensis House came, says he, about the beginning of this century, into the possession of the industrious John Morley, born in this town, Halsted in Essex, February 8, 1655, who, in the room of-the old house, built a hand some brick one, with good gardens, &c. From him it passed to his son, and is now in possession of his grandson, John Morley, Esq. " who, by his " wife, Dorothy, daughter of Sir John Jacob, " hath three sons and one daughter : he is married " to a second wife. The house and estate is other- " wise called, Collups, or Blue-Bridge." This extraordinary man was buried in Halsted. c^me- S 4 tery ; 264 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. ' CLASS VIII. tery; Bromley says, in 1732, aged 75 : I question the accuracy of the date. In that year, August 4, died at Newington, John Morley, Esq. a young gentleman of a plentiful fortune, arrived from the West Indies. It appears that Morley could act generously. The market-place of Halsted was paved, in 1705, at the joint expence b(. him and Mr. Samuel Fiske; and possessing the patronage of Gestringthorpe, Essex, he united with the Rev. Moses Cooke, the rector, whom he had pre sented, to augment the living, by adding 200/. to Queen Ann's bounty. Prior was frequently a visitor at Halsted. Morley erected a monument to his friend Mr. Samuel Fiske, who had rebuilt the spire of Halsted at his own expence, after being destroyed by lightning*. Prior, at Morley's desire, commemorated this act of piety in a short copy of verses, which are printed in his works. It is singular that the new spire was also con sumed by lightning, in a few years; and a third has been erected. If, therefore, Morley loved being " dry nurse to estates and minors," it ap pears that he was also open to the calls of gene rosity and friendship. SCOTCH GENTLEMEN. Sir WILLIAM GORDON, of Affton, an oval, surrounded with coats of arms, fol. scarce. Sir William Gordon died in 1718. The Gor dons are so numerous in Scotland, that it is diffi cult (except the ennobled families of the name) to ascertain frqm which particular stock indivi duals originate. .< .* ln ^'".eP^'P'1' Mr- K'ske is. sa}d to be M by descent a gentleman, " by profession an apothecary." ' JOHN THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND, . 265 GEOKGE I. CLASS VIII JOHN LAW,, fol, Langlois sc. John Law, Mo. Hubert p. Langlois sc. John Law, Des Rochers sc. John Law, Rigaudp. G. F. Schmidt sc. John Law, 8vo. no engraver noticed. John Law, Esq. the Mississippi projector, was descended from a Scotch family : the Rev. An drew Law, his grandfather, was minister of Neils- bon in that kingdom, whose youngest son, Wil liam, a goldsmith or banker in Edinburgh, pur chased an estate at Lauriston, four miles from that city, and died in Paris. He had issue by Jean Campbell, John the projector; Andrew, who died without issue; William, director-general of the East India Company, and the royal bank in France, who died at Paris, in 1752, aged 77; Robert and Hugh, who both died unmarried. The well-known scherner, John, the eldest brother, was born in 1671; and obtained possession of Lauriston, in 1704; by his father's -death. Brought up to no profession, he commenced the man of pleasure; but Scotland did not yield sufficient scope for the fertility of his genius. Passing the Tweed, he brought with him to England the fame of his gal lantries. Young and graceful, he claimed the attention of the fair . Beau Law, as he was called, became the rival of Beau Wilson ; and, as rivals seldom agree, the beau of Scotland endeavoured to eclipse the beau of England, and upon Eng lish ground. This was more than Wilson could bear. They quarrelled : a challenge passed — they fought — and Wilson fell. Flight became necessary; and Law fled. But fame softened justice; and mercy permitted the duellist to re turn, in 1721. The arts of the gamester had long been resorted to, and the scene began to require changing, 266 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I, CLASS. VIII. ~ : 7° ¦ : ! : ". ' «?¦ changing. The continent had witnessed his ad ventures in the annals of Venus and Mercury; and at Tui"in* his fertile brain suggested a lottery, which would have eased the pockets of the Piedinontese, had not the Duke of Savoy told him, that, as his dominions were too small for the plans of so extensive a genius, he recom mended him to go to Paris. He went — gained the ear of the regent Duke of Orleans, already pre pared by his " Discourse concerning Money and " Trade," published by him in Scotland, and now to be acted upon. He suggested the establishment of a national bank, by the operation of which the national debt of France was to be swept away; the kingdom enriched; and gold to become as com mon in Paris, as silver was in Jerusalem in the days of Solomon. The Mississippi scheme flou rished : Law lent it all he had saved, as a new gambling stock. The Parisians saw nothing, in the transports of their infatuation, but the trans portation of the mines of Mexico and Peru to their own city; when, behold! the bubble broke, ruin ensued, and Law fled, who, after all his visionary schemes of wealth, and occasional, pos session of it, died at last at Venice, in 1729, a fugitive from his native country, and in distressed circumstances. By Catherine, daughter of Nicho las Knolles, earl of Banbury, he left issue, John, who died at Maestricht, in 1734; and a daughter, married to William, viscount Wallingford, who died in 1790, aged 80. His brother William had two sons : James, the younger, died in 1767, in the Isle of France, where he was the chief of the East India Company's troops, and a knight of St. Louis; John, the elder, was marshal de champ and governor of Pondicherry, and married, in 1735, Jean Carvalho, a native of Chandena- gor/.but the daughter of a Portuguese" gentle man THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 267 GEORGE I. CLASS VIII. ^^ man settled at Calcutta; by her he had seven chil dren, all born at Pondicherry. James Alexander Law was closely connected with a greater pro jector than even his great uncle the schemer; bping the bosom. friend and companion of Bona parte, who sent him to England with the ratifica tion of the preliminaries of peace, when the Corsican was First Consul only. He married a daughter of M. le Due, mareschal de 'champ, butT has no issue. His elder brother, a gallant seaman, perished with the skilful and amicable Mons. De la Peyrouse. Charles Lewis is at Malta in the, Romish church; Joseph Charles died in Scotland, who was a captain of the artillery; Tho. John William settled in England; Lewis George, in Ja maica; the others died young. An extraordinary assemblage of characters. MONTGOMERIE, in a cap, drawn sword, apron, Sfc. mez. A. Vr. Meulen p. A. Vr. Haecken sculp. Not having the honour to be enrolled amongst the initiated, I am not able to trace the origin of this man, who bore " the sword." The sword of the warrior and the apron of the mason seem a strange union. By the name, (particularly its orthography, ) I should suppose the- person re presented to have been of the Scottish nation. A prudent man should not praise mysteries to which he is a stranger; yet he will not be too hasty in condemning without proof. On the con tinent, there can be little doubt, masons have been dreadfully wicked. The writer of a sermon, in 1768, which he styles, " Masonry the Way to " Hell," professes clearly to prove, both from reason and scripture, that all who profess these mysteries are in a state of damnation. This is harsh 268 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE 1. CLASS VII I. harsh and unjustifiable language, unless it could be proved that the masonic institution is levelled against religion and the constituted authorities. Mr. Bromley placed Montgomerie in the reign of George II. it is, however, probable I have put him late enough by dassing him here. A GENTLEMAN IN A CIVIL EMPLOYMENT IN IRELAND. SAMUEL GREY, mez. J. Worsdale p. J. RroOks sculp. This gentleman, Samuel Grey, Esq. a com missioner of the revenue in Ireland, was living in 1736; but when an English gentleman, as I suppose him to have been, settles in Ireland, it is difficult to trace his subsequent history, unless he attains some very high official situation. Pro bably this Mr. Grey was the lessee of Marybone Park, which, I believe, he purchased in 1724, of the trustees of the Duke of Leeds; but soon af terwards disposed of his interest in it to Thomas Gibson, John Jacob, and Robert Jacomb, esquires, TWO NATIVES OF TURKEY. LEWIS MAXIMILIAN MAHOMET, Mo. met. G. Kitchin sc. Lewis Maximilian Mahomet, a Turk, was taken* by the Imperialists in Hungary, with Mustapha, his countryman. Mahomet was supposed to be the son of a bashaw; but they both went into the service of George Lewis, then electoral prince of Hanover, whose life they are supposed lo have saved, at the raising of the siege of Vienna, in 1685, When the prince was wounded. This mus- sclman THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND, 269 GEORGE I. CLASS VIII. ' '" ' , selman became a Christian, and received his baptismal name of Lewis, from his patron, who was one of his godfathers; and Maximilian, from the Prince Maximilian, who also honoured him as a sponsor. When George I. ascended the Bri tish throne, Mahomet and Mustapha came with him to England : indeed, the former was always about the royal person. By some they are called pages of the back-stairs; by others, attendants in the privy chamber. They certainly were admitted into great familiarity, and were constantly about the court. In short, their influence was so great, that, in a dispatch of Count Broglio to the King of France, they are mentioned as possessing a large share of His Majesty's confidence. " These " two foreigners," says Mr. Cox,s " obtained con- " siderable sums of money for recommending to " places." Mahomet died of a dropsy, Novem ber 1, 1726, and I suppose in England; but the " Historical Register" calls him, at that time, valet de chambre to His Majesty. He left a family by a Hanoverian of good birth, who survived him, for which he had well provided. It has been asserted, upon good authority, that, after he came to England, he paid the debts, and released from prison, above three hundred persons who lay confined for petty sums : this was being a mi nistering angel. If the rich paid him for patron age, he used his wealth for the best and most be- nevolent purposes. Forty years attendance upon courts, those nurseries of flattery and deceit, made not the least impression upon him. " He " deserved power, as no other acts of his are " known, than. those of beneficence and huma- " nity, which, upon every occasion, he exercised " fn their full degree. In him the distressed " never wanted a friend, Never did he burden " the royal ear with "complaints; nor ever pre, sume- m THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. ' " -," '' ¦ -'•' - " ir- ¦ GEORGE I. CLASS VIII. " sume to ask a favour, though at the most awful " distance, for himself." Such is his character as drawn by Curll, his biographer: a character he seems to have well deserved; for the satirist Pope records his worth in one of his poetical epistles : From peer or bishop 'tis no easy thing To draw the man who loves his God or king. Alas! I copy (or my daught would fail) From Honest Mah'met, or plain Parson Hale. There is a portrait of Mahomet, on the gfeatv stair-case of Kensington palace, painted by Kent. * Signqr MUSTAPHA, Mo. mez. G. Kitchen exc. In noticing Mahomet, a slight account has been given of Mustapha, of whom it ,js only ne cessary to add, that, as he had faithfully served George I. he also was a faithful attendant upon George II. but, perhaps, not with the same ar dour; nor, we may suppose, did the last sovereign feel that regard for him, as his royal father. We are all the children of habit. He was necessary to the convenience of George I. but his successor I retained him in his place, more from regard- to the deceased king's memory, than as a servant particularly useful and necessary to himself. As I have never seen the date of his death, it is probable he died at Hanover. The portrait of Mustapha is also on the great stair-case of Ken sington palace, painted by Kent. CLASS THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I, CLASS IX. CLASS IX. MEN OF GENIUS AND LEARNING. PHYSICIANS. Sir BENJAMIN WRENCH, M.D. Mt. 84, oval, wig with small curls. Sir Benjamin Wrench was a respectable physi cian of Norwich, in which city he practised for sixty years: his lady died in January, 1741; and himself, August 15, 1747. A daughter of his married Marcon, Esq. upon whose death she married, in March, 1736-7, Harbord Har- bord, Esq. member of parliament for Norfolk. .» JOHN FRIEND, M.D. a medallion, P. Fourdri- hier sc. John Fkiend, M.D. prefixed to his " History of " Physic." 1727, 8to. M. Dahl p. P . Fourdrinier sc. John Friend, M.D. Mo. M. Dahl p. Vertue sc. 1730. Dr. Friend, son of the rector of Croton in the county of Northampton, was born there in 1675. His parent, an estimable character, sent him to Westminster Shool. From Dr. Busby's tuition he went to Christchurch College, Oxford, in 1690; and even at that early age he published a Greek Oration of Demosthenes, which gained him great credit: He soon became a perfect Grecian; an excellent Latinist; and wrote verse and prose, with ease and accuracy, in the lan guage of ancient Rome. But those pursuits did hot wholly engross his time, philosophy, che mistry, 272 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. ... . * n im GEORGE 1. CLASS IX. mistry, anatomy, and mathematics, alternately engaged his attention. His treatise on the Hydro cephalus, 1699, dedicated fo Sir Hans Sloane; and his Latin treatise respecting the Convul sions prevalent in Oxfordshire, addressed to that learned and scientific physician ; raised his repu tation very high. Pursuing his physical studies, he read Rorelli, Baglivi, Pitcairne, and_ Keill, with avidity; the result was his "Emmenologia," which established his fame by its elegance and perspicuity. The university of Oxford chose him their professor of chemistry in 1704, and the Earl of Peterborough took him to the continent as his physician: he saw Spain by this means; and to gratify his taste he visited Italy. On hisr. return, in 1707, he was created a doctor of physic, by diploma. In 1712 the Royal Society elected him one of their members, and the Duke of Or- mond took him -to Flanders as his physician; whence he returned in 1714: and in 1716 the College of Physicians admitted him one of their number. No man could be more valued in his profession : his chemical and Gulstonian lectures, ?md his many answers to learned foreigners of the old school, carried on with all the politeness of the gentleman, and with the learning of a scholar, made him regarded with peculiar attention. He was called upon, in 1722, to act in a new capacity, when the electors of Launceston in Cornwall re turned him one of their representatives. He soon obtained as much celebrity in the senate, as he4iad attained in the study, or the elaboratorv; but sus picion blasted the "fame of this enliglitened and honest man. He had spoken his sentiments with warmth; and the minister was enraged. Friend had honoured Peterborough and Ormond/snd admired Atterbury: the first, he had, in gra- , titude, defended with his pen; the other, he wished f HE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. S73 k GEORGE I. CLASS IX. ^ wished to protect in the House. Violence mark ed the times : and the Tower incarcerated One of the greatest ornaments of the nation, March 15, 1722-3. So easy was his mind, even in confine ment, that he there wrote on the small-pox; and I believe, part of his " History of Physic," from the time of Galen to the beginning of the six teenth century. The former was addressed to Dr. Mead; and the latter is a most justly valued work. Doctors Mead, Hulse, Levet, and Hall, with that noble generosity that ought to mark professional men, bailed their brother physician, Jurie 21, in the same year; and in November following he was discharged from, his recognizance. The minister, ashamed of his mean jealousy, seemed to wish he had been more cautious in giving way to illiberal suspicions; and the Prince of Wales, to make some recompence, as well as to evince his sentiments respecting Dr. Friend's loyalty, named him his physician. His Royal Highness . soon after became sovereign; and the Princess Caroline, then queen, took every opportunity of expressing the high sense she had of his merit: for she not only appointed him her physician, but admitted him to her society with other en lightened literati. Death soon robbed him of the full reward of Their Majesty's favours, in consequence of a fever, July 26, 1728, aged 51. He was buried at Hitcham in Buckinghamshire/ where there is a monument to his memory. It was a truly royal mind that inspired Caroline to settle an annuity upon his widow, and superin tend the education of his only son. Not onlf the contemporary British physicians, but Hoff man, Helvetius, Hecquet, and Boerhaave, have been profuse in his just praise. " He was," says Dr. Wilmot, "a deep philosopher, a learned phy- " sician, an elegant writer, an ornament to so- Voi. III. T " siety; £74 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. geqrge i. eyA.s|. IX. piety; and, tp the utmpst of his power, ,fhe ".[ " |rien$ of mankind/.' . ' GEORGE CHENEY,..' M.D, Mt. 59, 1732, oval, 'full gown, mez..J..V. Diestp Faber sc. , ,-. "> *"t ¦ • - Dr. Cheney, or Cheyne, was af a respectable family in Scotland, and born in 1671. He studded physic in Edinburgh, under Pitcairn; m whicfeieity he remained till he had nearly attainedhis thirtieth year, when he left the metrbpolis of Scotland for ;. that of England, The change of place seemed , to change his nature. He had been abstemious , to a great degree in his native country; but find ing that friends were readily obtained in our ca pital by conviviality, he joined the jovial train without delay : thus, business1 flowed upon him, arid his reputation arrived to an enviable height; and his pen and practice united to emblaapn his fame. But excess is, always injurious to her Vo taries : from a long, lank man he became not only rubicond, but a miserable bloated- son of luxury. His chariot could scarcely contain; his thirty-twO' : stone weight ; the very getting, in- and' put of wiiiob overwhelmed hir* with farigjuei As inedt- calmen are constantly in the habit of ascending stairs, and those often steep, what must have been , the labour, the pain, the wheezing of poor Che- . Hey? He seemed dying: his. face became; blaek : even, at home and when quiescent, lethargy and '. asthma were his. torments, Medicine availed not; t.-j be therefore adopted a milk and vegetable diet, > and, as he recovered strength, moderate, regular * exercise. His size, nearly- reduced one third, ?> enabled him to do this* with ease and pleasure : - health, strength, and spirits returned ; and by a 4 'Constant coxirse of -severe reform he. reached . ' the age- of -71, and died at Baffo, April IB, 1*343, *.Di:.; Cheney .greatly., distinguished! himself as a : vs " » » physician* THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. %75 GEORGE I. CLASS IX. physician, and as a man of science : the College of Physic of Edinburgh elected him a Fellow; and the Royal Society o London, a member. Most of his works treat of medicine; biit he pub lished also ^Philosophical Principles of Religion, " natural and revealed," in two parts. His " Eng- " lish Malady, or Nervous Disorder," gained him great credit. We Cannot biit admire the wisdom, steady courage, and perseverance, of this able fmysicia'ri, who could set the associates of, his ibertinism at defiance, aiid retrace the paths of prudence ahd temperance he had deserted. Had he regarded the derision, of his quondam friends, he must, have died a loathed and contemptible person ; but, by changing his; habits, he lived to an honourable old age, and died "in the calm " confidence of hope, and with a fifrri reliance " on the mercy of God, through the merits and " mediation of Jesus Christ." An attack ap peared in the " Festoon," written by Dr. Wynter, upon Dr. Cheney's milk diet and spare regimen, with a reply : they are both given, as excellent in their kind. Dr. Wynter to Dr. Chmitey. Tell me from whom, Fat-headed Scot, Thou didst thy system learn; From Hippocrate thou hadst it not, Nor Celsus, nor Pitcairne. rlt Suppose we own that milk is good, And say the same ofgrass; The one for babes is dnjy food, kThe other for all, ass, '.. . , Doctor'! ©ne new praseriptidJrt trf> (A friend'^ advice forgive,) . .. latkgrass,f*due^%self,Wnddie> ,-.'..' T,Hy pa*i#ftfe tftirf «KaV live. ,,'. ... TS Dr. 276 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I.' CLASS. IX. Dr. Cheney to Dr. Wynter. , My system, Doctor, is my own; *: ; ':'-'¦ , No tutor I pretend : , My blunders hurt mys'elf alone, But yours your dearest friend. Were you to milk and straw confin'd, Thrice happy might you be; Perhaps you might regain your mind, And from your wit get free. I can't your kind prescription try, But heartily forgive; 'Tis nat'ral you should bid me die, That ydu yourself may live. JOHN WOODWARD, a head, oval, Mo. mez. W. Humphreys sc. 1774. Dr. Woodward was born in Derbyshire, May 1, 1665; but his family was originally from the county of Gloucester, and his mother a Burdet. From a country school he went to London, as an apprentice to a linen draper. Dr. Peter Barwick and Sir Ralph Dutton perceived in him the seeds of an investigating mind; and, under their pro tection he pursued his studies, which soon tended to natural philosophy. He succeeded Dr. Stilling- fleet in' the professorship of physic at Gresham College, in 1692. 'In the following year the Royal Society elected him a member, and some time after, one of the council. Archbishop Tenison gave him adiploma in 1695; and ihe university of Cambridge granted him the same degree the following year, when , he was admitted of Pem- broke-rfa'll. His abilities ;were known to the lite rati on the continent. The College, of Physicians made him one of their number in 1712; and he .~C resided THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 2-77 GEORGE I. CLASS IX. resided in Gresham College, where he died April 25, 1728, after a tedious illness, and was buried in Westminster Abbey. The world was rather divided in opinion respecting the religion of this philosopher; but at his death he fully proved his faith in revelation ; for, about a week before that event, he received the sacrament from the Rev. Reading, of the col lege, who had attended him for more than a year; requesting him, at the same time, to declare to all, " that he firmly believed in God, " and particularly in Jesus Christ, according to " the doctrine of the church of England." His love for science was evinced by the disposition of his property, and his ordering that his books and collections of rarities should be sold, and, with his other personal property and real estate, to be used to founds a lectureship at Cambridge. The subjects were peculiar, and proved the energy of the professor; they were for the perpetual maintenance of opinions he had obstinately held : his natural history of the earth; his defence of it against Dr. Cameranius; his discourse on vegetation; and his state of physic. The " Mu- " seum Woodardianum" gives a catalogue of his books, and the contents of his cabinets; and Ward's "Lives of the Gresham Professors!," a list of all his works published, or manuscripts. Dr. Woodward, who lived a recluse, had many pecu liarities : he had the obstinacy of the theorist, and the weakness of the conjectural antiquary. How much did he meditate, talk, and write, about an old shield; he even thought Europe interested in the history of a piece of defensive armour: and what must have been his' indignation, when his officious servant scoured it as bright as the cook doth her culinary utensils ! So say the wags. However, this antique, the votive shield of Ca- ' T 3 millus. 278 THl HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE 1. CLASS IX. mlllus, was highly valued : the -Doctor gave M, for it. At Colonel King's sale it sold for 400/. THOMAS PELLET, M.D. in a cap, sitting in an elbow chair, mez. M. Dahl p. J. Faber se. Dr. Pellet, P. CM. member of the Royal Col lege of Physicians, London, of which he became president, resided in Henrietta-street, Covent Garden, where he died July 4, 1744, greatly re spected as a man of science, and as one who ex celled in the study of the belles lettres,. This gen tleman and M^rtm F°lkes, Esq. prepared Sir Isaac iSiewton's " Chronology of ancient King- " doms" for the press, republished in 1728,; and either one or both of these learned editors added references, in the margin of that book, to several authors. It is remarkable, that no less than fifteen copies of this work were found, with some vari ations, in Sir Isaac Newton's writing, after the death of that illustrious man. Dr. Pellet pre sented several papers to the Royal Society, (of which, he was a distinguished member,) which were published in their volumes: he also revived the annual ceremony of the Harveian oration in the College, of Physicians,, after it had long been discontinued, on account of some embarrassment in their finances, JOHN INGLIS, M.D. oval, fol. Th. Reid.sc. ad vivum. Dr. Inglis, F.R.S. united the different occupa tions of physician in ordinary to William, apd Ann, and first marshal; and then assistant to the master of the ceremonies in the reigns of the laiter sovereign, George I. and Geprge If. He died Mfiy 8, 1740, and was buried at Lewisham ill Kent, of which church his sbn, the Rev. John Inglis., THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. #?$ GEORGE I. CLASS IX. Inglis, A.M. was incumbent, from. April 5, 1728, to his death, October 14,. 1739. David Inglis, Esq. of Blackwall, died February 21, 1766, aged 90. Quere, What relation was he to Dr. Inglis, wliose name is Scotch, though he may have been a native of England ? *o* WILLIAM BARROWBY, mez. T. Jenkins pinx. J. S.' Miller sc. Dr. Barrowby, Fellow of the Royal College of . Physicians, London, and of the Royal Society, had great practice, in his profession, and died in 1738, aged 76. His private character was an ho nour to human nature; but that of his son; of the same name, the person above represented, also a physician, was the exact Opposite, except in abi lities and skill. This man was as violent as the most vehement pretended patriots. In the year 1749, when Sir George Vandepnt was a candidate for the city of Westminster, calling upon a pa tient who was very ill, -and finding him heated with the ardour of party, he advised him not to ¦ go out, as it might be fatal to him, supposing him in the interest of Lord Trentham; but discover ing his mistake, and that he also was a Vande- putian, he thought better of it, and softening circumstances, he recommended his attendance at the hustings, where the patient had the honour to be conveyed in the physician's carriage ; whence he returned to his own house,, the Ben Johnson's Head in Russell-street, and died there in two hours after : such was the end of poor Joe, the duped publican. Dr. Barrowby died young, of an apoplectic fit, as was supposed; being called in haste from table, in the pleasures of which he was rather apt to indulge too much, to visit a patient of some consequence, he was T 4 suddenly 280 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS IX. suddenly seized, in his way thither, with a fit, and expired in his carriage, before any relief could be afforded him. This gentleman having attended Mr. Miller the engraver, in a long and dangerous fit of sickness, with that liberality which distin guishes most of the profession in the case of artists, without a fee, he, in gratitude, asked his leave to engrave the portrait of his benefactor, likewise without reward, as a memorial of his; gratitude for health restored by his means. JAMES NEWTON, M.D. Mt. 78, in ct eap, pre fixed to his " Herhai," 1752, 8vo. Dr. James Newton, author of the " Herbal," resided in a house near Islington turnpike, which was a receptacle for lunatics, in the same manner as Dr. Monro has since practised. He studied botany to divert his attention, in some measure from the sad objects under his care; but his work did not appear till after his death, which hap pened -November 5, 1750. Of all the situations that can be named, there appears nothing so re pelling to the human mind as the superintends ance of persons deprived of reason. Dr. Newton was not a Fellow of the Royal College of physi cians, and probably his practice was nearly conr fined to patients pf the above unfortunate de scription. WILLIAM WATSON, M.D. wh. length, in a riding dress, with a hanger, la. fol. R. Taylor p. R. Parse Dr. Watson, of West Stower in Dorsetshire, was a good physician and a facetious companion. Being completely the reverse of a coxcomb, he loved to ridicule affectation; an instance of which occurred when sitting in company with several friend? THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. §81 GEORGE 1. CLASS IX. friends who were drinking and smoking : he lift ed a pair of tongs, which stood near the fire, with "which he meant to take a live coal to light his pipe; but the tongs being hot, he burnt his fingers, and roared out with the p^iii. .A mo ment's recollection set all things to rights; and then turning to an apothecary remarkable for Using scraps of Latin, and being fond of hard wOrds, said, " The contingency of the forceps has stigmatized my digits." He was so amiable, says Granger, that the Rev. Mr. Young, well known, as being designated by Fielding, under the character of Parson Adams, did ample justice to his merit, by making honourable mention of him (maxime lugendus) in the parish register gf Stower Bromley : by mistake he calls him, of Stower in Gloucestershire. See some further curious particulars concerning the Doctor in that entertaining volume of Mr. Granger's Letters, published by Mr. Malcolm, page 175. — = — rr STEVENS, M,D. a small head, etched.. I think the name of Dr. Stevens does not occur, as a member of the Royal College of Physicians; and his Christian name even seems to be un known, which is the less to be wondered at, as there are not yet discovered any particulars of his personal history. SAMUEL DALE, Med. Lie, ML 78, prefixed to his " Pharmaoelogia" 1730, Mo. G. Vertue sc. Samuel Dale,a physician,andFellbwof the Royal Society, published several treatises on plants, a,n,d other subjects connected with natural history, a, study about this time, beginning to be duly esti- SR2 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS IX. mated. He cjied June 6, 1739, at which time he must have been 80 years of age. v BRYAN ROBINSON, M.D, JEt.- 70y an etching, R. Wilson se, advivwtn, 1750. Dr. Bryan Robinson was the author of various works, particularly on "Animal CEconomy,",8^o. 1732; "A Dissertation on the Food and Dis- " charge of human Bodies," 1748, 8vo.; and on ' the "Virtues and Operations of Medicine," 8vo. 1752, which attracted much attention. "Thisme- " dical writer," says a_ reviewer, "whoappears to " be a considerable mathematician, and abounds " with analytical resolutions and demonstrations; " sets out with an assertion, that, as the virtues " and operations of medicines depend on the . " powers of their small particles, so the powers " of these depend on ether and light, of which he " therefore enters on a short account, as he calls " it, from Sir Isaac Newton ; and from a disseuta- *' tion of his own, printed in 1743, he supposes " light to consist of grosser parts than ether, ct whose vitrations have greater velocity than the «' rays of light. He affirms that ether is the true '" cause of muscular motion." He published the "third edition bf Dr. Richard Helsham's Lec tures on natural philosophy," in 1755; but the time of his death I have no where met with. We may suppose, however, that that event occurred in 1757 or 1758; for, in the latter year an 8vo. came out, as his posthumous work, entituled "An -< Essay on Corns:" the editor of which informs - ;us, that- the copy was wroteby the author in Jaflu- my, 1747; and that it was ihe last perfect work which he completed. In that book he appealed .still morcas ,a mathematical .writer. The reader loud- of analytical computations and resolutions, would THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 2S$ — . . . ¦ - - ' ~ ' ' ¦..¦¦¦' i ¦, .i , ¦;„ ,n» GEORGE I. CLASS IX. would find in the pamphlet alluded to, ample matter for the exercise of his skill and industry. Probably these tedious researches gained him at least as much reputation as wealth : he must have been bordering upon 80 years of age when he died. Mr. Granger once supposed him to be the same person with Dr. Tancred Robinson, M.D, F.R.S. which is evidently a mistake. '9 WILLIAM MUSGRAVE, M.D. Mt. 45, 1718 Bvo. Q, Gaudy, p, M. Vr, Gucht se. Dr. William Musgrave, a physician of ability, I suppose to have been the son of Dr. William Musgrave, the physician and antiquary, who wrote the " Belgicum Britannicum." The father, descended from the truly honourable family of the Musgraves in Westmorland, was born at Charlton-Musgrave, Somersetshire, The son was probably a native of Exeter, where his father re sided, after he had resigned the office of secretary to the Royal Society. The younger Musgrave received his education at Oxford, and was also a Fellow of that learned body, who evinced his he reditary' literary genius by the assistance he af forded Bishop Gibson, in his last edition of " Camden's Britannia." The elder Musgrave died December 23, 1711; the younger, in 1721, aged 58 years. DANIEL TURNER, Mt. 67, 1734, mez,Fahersc, ad vivum. " Daniel Turner, oval frame, long narrow ¦ neck-' cloth, a proof, mez. Faber sc. Daniel Turner, oval \ frame, fol •/• Ricfiard^on p, G. Vertue sc. Paniei, -XHmft-?:-. if ....... „> '.••'¦>•';- ' v«'<0 ¦ ¦>/">%' ?'"- -' 284r THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. . " . GEORGE I, CLASS. IX. '<'-•>.' ' Daniel Turner, prefixed to his " Siphis," 1732, 8vo. G. Vertue sc. ''¦ ' '* Daniel Turner, different, 8vo. G. Vertue isc. Dr. Turner was a physician of some celebritv, but far too fond of displaying his tahrnts upon paper. He wrote the " Art of Surgery," pub- , hshed in two vols. 8vo. 1725, the second edition * " of which appeared in 1733, in three vols. 8vo.; "A Treatise on Fevers," published in 1739: his '/Syphilis" appeared in 1732. His chirurgical books were chiefly on the venereal disease; be sides which, he presented the public with "De " Morbis cutaneis, or ancient Physician's Legacy." He also sent to the Royal Society " The Cases of " Insects voided by the urinary Passage;" and I believe, some other papers. I presume Turner was not regularly educated as a physician, hut as a surgeon; for he is mentioned as a liceneiate of the College of Physicians, London, in 1726, and he was then styled Mr. Daniel Turner. Medical men often degrade themselves by publishing cases of little consequence, and still more by mentioning them in terms indelicate and im proper. Turner sinned in these ways most egre- giously. He is said to be one of the greatest or naments of the Grub-street Society, and to excel in the style digressive. His politeness was as pre-eminent as his other excellencies. Dr. Tur ner died March 12, 1741. He had a family : and a daughter of his married a surgeon at Farnham. Perhaps the respectable Daniel Turner, a dissent- ( ing minister, who lived first at Reading, and afterwards at Abingdon, was, his son : he wrote hymns; " A Compendium of social Religion;" and " The Contrast; or the dying Profligate and " the dying Christian," in his poetical essays, JOHN: THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 285 "_ GEORGE I. CLASS IX. JOHN ALLEN, M.D. 8vo. G. Vr. Gucht sc. ad vivum. Dr. Allen died in 1742. SURGEONS. WILLIAM BECKET, prefixed to his " Chirurgical " Observations," 1740, 8vo. R. Parr sc. To this print, for some unworthy purpose of deception, has been added the name of Rishop Rerkeley. Mr. Becket, a surgeon of eminence at Abing don, Berks, wrote " Practical Surgery illustrated " and improved; being chirugical Observations, " with Remarks upon the most extraordinary " cases, Cures, and Dissertations, made at St. ¦" Thomas's Hospital, Southwark," 1740, 8vo. In his Treatise upon the Venereal Disease he asserts it is the same disorder as that- formerly called the *'' fleprosy, but this idea is now generally explod ed. He presented to the Royal Society (of which he was a member) several of the papers which compose part of their philosophical transactions. This surgeon thought proper to write " A free " and impartial Enquiry into the Antiquity and " Efficacy of touching for the Evil," addressed, in two letters, to Dr. Skeigertahl, physician to His Majesty, Fellow of the College of Physicians, and Sir Hans Sloane, which were published, 1722, in 8vo. to confute the supposed supernatural power in the Pretender. Mr. Becket died in 1738. ALEXANDER INGLIS, oval of foliage, fol. Alexander Inglis, son of Dr. John Inglis, who has been mentioned in a former page, was an army surgeon, and died in 1737. A SCOTCH 286 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS. IX. A SCOTCH SURGEON. GEORGE YOUNG, 8vo. Cooper sc. Mr. Young was a surgeon of Edinburgh, and, without doubt, one of the many Candidates for medical fame. AN APOTHECARY, HENRY PRUDE, wh. length, sh. mez. T. Hudson p. Faber sc. 17.44. This apothecary was probably a medical writer; but professional men often publish cases and opinions in order to introduce themselves to no tice, and when they have obtained their object, often continue writing, toJnform their brethren of what they have discovered.. It sometimes happens, however, that unsuccessful in their" first attempts, they sink into obscurity, and even cu riosity cannot discover their subsequent history. EMPIRICS. JOHN MARTEN, prefixed to his " Treatise m "the Goid," 1723, 8vo. F. Scheffer p. G, Vertue sc. • John Marten, 1709, 8vo, F. Scheffer p. G. White sculp. ; , Mr. John Marten, surgeon and adventurer, wrote on the gout and the venereal disease. It has been remarked, that the latter cOmplalnf in creases in the exact proportion with Bpvejji and - ..romances ; they raise the passions, and 'prepare :..r Jne mind for the body to be affected wifeh one of *£. . ' ' • the THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. gfc? ¦i^.. .mi,' ... ¦ . i ., , „ ¦ ...... ¦ "i -a ' GEORGE I. CLASS IX. the sorest maladies that Europe has ever expe rienced. Many detestable publications encou- * rage the inexperienced to presume upon prevent atives; or, if infected, to obtain a cure easier than there is a possibility of effecting it. Marten was a . literary as well as a chirurgical quack. Swift, in his preface to the Bishop of Sarum's introduc tion, comparing his lordship's method of setting off the edition of his works, says, is was beneath "any author above the size of Marten the sur- " geon," who advertised "the seventh edition " (many thousands of the former edition having " been sold oiff in a small time) concerning secret " diseases, &c." Bromley does not mention the date of Mr. Marten's death, but Granger supposed it to have occurred in 1768, which is far top late a period : on February 4, that year, died Dr. Martin, of Streatham in Surry, a learned botanist, who, I think, wasF.R.S. and a. very different cha racter from Mr. Marten the surgeon. J, ROGER GRANT, fol.. This plate was afterwards inscribed, Jomn K&r. Grant was one of the many who, in every age, contrive to impose upon a willing multitude. In the 444th Number of the " Spectator," which treats of several quacks, mention is made of this able practitioner. His first essay in life was ex tremely humble, and as a common soldier in the Imperial service, where he lost an eye. As he had this misfortune, he thought no better recompense could be given him than the privilege ef en- lightening those of other persons'. Elated with thisidea^ he returned to Great Britain rn the refgn, qf Queea Ann, and commenced dfret or in Moase- Altefyj Wapping,* where his credential* were dis played-, byjsfoowing his muster-rolE, to pro^e thai 288 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEOBGE I. CLASS IX. he was a soldier, under the > emperor's banners; and he declared, Upon this certificate, that as he had lost an eye in that service, he could Very WeH perform the functions' of an oculist : just upon the same principles that another adventurer pre tended to cure bursten children, because his father and grandfather were both bursten. Who could suppose it possible, that this man should, in the following reign, be appointed an oculist' to ma jesty; but what will not impudence effect? George I. perhaps knew as little of his beginning, as he did of his qualifications; but he probably obtained great wealth in consequence of this ap pointment.ELDRIDGE, in a hat, four verses, 8vo. T. Hilliard scad vivum. ¦• ^ i .... ¦ Mr- Eldridge is known only as the preparer of Frier's Balsam, in the city of Norwich. As the inventor of a favourite nostrum, and really a good one, he perhaps had a very 'profitable situ ation there. I have looked amongst the mayors and aldermen of that city for him, but he did y not arrive at civic honours. I fear .biography must larnent that his name and occupation only are known. , '¦•_ ' ¦ , v.- MICHAEL BERMlT$GAM,'witli a French inscrip tion, Mo. This surgeon was a native of London, and born n in 1685. Bromley tells us he flourished abput . , 1720^. but I can find nothing more of him. The name is evidently -derived from the towniofBir- c mingham, whjclv has been spelt ¦ Bermingham, . and- a great variety of other ways; it is pos sible, ,. therefore, that -this humble apothecary J^iwas. descended remotely from, the lords of Bir- ^ mingham, THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. g69 QBORGB I. CLASS IX. mingham, as were the ennobled family of that jiame lately extinct in Ireland. CHYMISTS. AMBROSE GODFREY HANCKWITZ, a bust, in awig,4to. R.S. (chmutz)p. G. Vertue sc. 1718. Mr. Ambrose Godfrey Hanckwitz was a chy- raist, and Fellow of the Royal Society : he en riched their volumes by various curious papers, printed in their transactions. One of them was an account of some experiments upon the " phosphorus urine;" another, an examination of West-Ashton well waters, belonging to Tho mas Beaeh, Esq. Which well was about four miles from that of Holt. He likewise invented a, method of extinguishing fires. AMBROSE GODFREY, in a cap, oval frame, Mo. G. Vr. Gucht sc. ad vivum, 1736. This person was a chymist, and nephew to Mr. Ambrose Godfrey Hanckwitz, and, not his son, as Mr. Bromley supposed. He tried his uncle's in vention for extinguishing fires by explosion, iri a building erected for that purpose, in 1761. The Godfrey family have flourished with great reputation in Kent, for many ages. I believe this gentleman was descended from one of the branches; and himself and his successor conti nued to maintain their professional consequence, as chymists and compounders of medicine, at their house in Southampton-street, Covent Gar den, for more than a century, it being but very lately that their business has passed into other hands. There are extant some engraved views of Vat. -Hi U their « 290 . THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. ¦ GKOKGK 1. CLASS. "IX. "¦ their elaboratOry, and their scheme for prevent ing the spreading of fires. POETS. ALEXANDER POPE, a large head, G. Rickham sculp. " " Alexander Pope, printed in colours, Mo. Le Rlon sculp. Alexander Pope, profile, Rovi sc. ¦•¦ Alexander Pope, Mt. 24, in Malone' s " Shake- " spear," 17 87, G. Kneller p. J. Collyersc. Alexander Pope, oval, profile, laurel chaplet, mez. G. Kneller p. 172 !, Faber sc. 1738. Alexander Pope, sitting in an arm-chair, wig back, mez. V. Loop. 1741, Faber sc. Alexander Pope, a medallion, Gravelvt sc. Alexander Pope, in a wig, in Rirch's " Lives," A. Pond p. J. Houbraken sc. Alexander Pope, F. Parry sc. • Alexander Pope, an etching, A. Pond sc. Alexander Pope, laurel chaplet, sm. mez. Pres ton sc. Alexander Pope, la. Mo. Ravenet sc. Alexander Pope, a small head in a circle, R.R. sc. 1754. Alexander Pope, a head inscribed ottos, ekeinoj, Mo. J. Richardson sc. Alexander Pope, inscribed "Amicitias Causa," Aio. J. Richardson sc. Alexander Pope, Amicitise Causa, square. J. Rich ardson sc. Alexander Pope, looking to the left, J. Richardson sculp. Alexander Pope, wig, furred gown, holding a pen, mez. Dahl p. 1727, J. Simon sc. 1728. Alexander Pope, Mt. 28, mez. Kneller p. 1716, J. Smith sc. 1717. 'Alexander THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 291 GEORGE I. CLASS VIII. , Alexander Pope, la. fol. Fertue sc. Alexander Pope, prefixed to his " Homer," 1720, 12mo. Fertue sc. Alexander Pope, mez. Kneller p. G. White sc. 1732. Alexander Pope, a small oval, Wille sc. Alexander Pope, a head, T. Worlidge sc. Alexander Pope, in the print With Dryden, 8fc. . Per. vi. Class 7, of Rromlcy. Alexander Pope, in the print with Addison, Sfc. • Per. vii. Class 7, of Rromley. Alexander Pope, to Dr. Warton's edition, of his ¦. Works, 1797, 8vo. J. Richardson p. T. Holloway sc. Alexander Pope, in the same, small wh. len. from . a sketch by Hoare. Alexander Pope, in Harding's Sluikespeare, 1733, ¦ J. Richardson p. R. Clamp sc. This favourite son of the Muses, owed almost all his fortune and reputation to himself alone. Without the advantages of birth, possessions, pro fession, . connexions, and with but a moderate share of education, he gained distinguished ho nour, fame, and a competent portion of worldly comforts. As the imperfections of his body seemed to preclude the usual pursuits of life, he determined to improve the mind to its utmost extent, and it must be allowed he had the best of materials to work upon; for nature had been as lavish to him in all that related to his intellects, as she had been niggardly in respect of his person*. The busy Strand was the place where he first drew his breath, June 8, 1688. His father was a hatter then, but afterwards, I believe, a linen draper of some property ; and had been on some commer cial occasion to Lisbon. As Pope's parents were » Pope might well say with Sappho : " Ingenio forma; damna repcndo mete." U 2 Roman 293 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS IX. Roman Catholics, his education was entrusted to Taverner, a priest in Hampshire, who kept a school near Winchester, and another near Hyde- Park-Corner; and Deane, also an ecclesiastic of the same communion. Those men were the sources front whence he drew instruction in the languages; but he soared far above the talents of his tutors, for "he lisped in numbers;" and before other youths think of any thing but rhyme, he was a poet: indeed, Pope appears to have been born to modulate our language. A relation of mine, who often heard him converse, used to speak, with great pleasure, of the music of his voice*. Un wearied in his endeavours to purify his taste, or stock his mind with knowledge and metaphor, vi" he relaxed only, by devoting some part of his attention and time, not otherwise employed, to the sister arts, painting and music; but these are not to be named in comparison with poesy, the' primary object of his soul. As he felt hjs strength, he courted the friendship of all the refined men of taste that were then living; and sought wealth and rank for his supports. His father's long retirement, almost to seclusion, aided him in concealing his origin : thus, without a herald, he ingrafted himself into the ennobled family of Popef, He was little less lavish insetting off his maternal descent. He did better in learn ing the manners of the great, "so that they were " delicate, easy, and engaging; and he treated ' his friends with a politeness that charmed, and " a generosity that was much to his honour. " Every guest was made happy within his doors: " pleasure dwelt under his , roof; and elegance " presided at his table :" in consequence, no-1 * It was on this account that old Southerne, the dramatic poet, used t» call him the " little nightingale." + Earls of Dowec in Ireland. See Warton's Life Of Sir Thomas Pope. bility THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. g@3 GEOKGF. I. CLASS IX. - - -" ' lli" bility paid him willing homage. As a poet, it is superfluous to speak of him here : names of the highest scale in criticism, Warburton, Johnson, and Joseph Warton, have delineated him as such; but to attempt to depreciate his fame, by com plaining of his uniform, correct, and elegant ver sification, is absurd. Is not the diamond the more valuable 'when free from flaw? or, does any orte blame the lapidary for the beauty of its polish ? I fear he had but a weak faith; his morality was evidently defective. He defamed some he ought to have honoured, and he lashed others merely because they were inferior to him inabilities; they might, with equal justice, " have satirized " him for his deformed person." As to the low rabble of rhymers who infested him, he ought to have known that their very names degraded his pen, and even his thoughts. To his parents he was- all that filial piety could wish; to his friends warm and affectionate. When his fame was unalterably fixed, and infirmities increased upon him, he be came captious in the houses of the great; yet he was courted by the master, and excused by the servants, as his liberality made them an ample recompence. Mr. Pope died May 30, 1744, and was buried, by his own desire,, at Twickenham, with his parents. There are several original portraits of him, particularly one at Hagley, the seat of his friend, the first Lord Lyttelton. Mr. Chandler, an apothecary, at the corner of King- street, Cheapside, had another, by Hoare, which very much resembled Mr. Cornish ! Lord Orford said, that Houbraken's print was very like him. Mr. Granger was told by the Rev. Mr. Merrick, that he never saw genius sparkle in any man's eyes like those of Pope; but adds, "this does not appear in his portraits." He always chose to be represented in such a manner that' his personal U 3 deformity 294 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS IX. deformity should be least apparent : thus, we see him frequently represented leaning his head upon his hand, which rests upon a table; an atti tude he would often remain in for a great length of time, totally absorbed in thought. He was an honour to his country, and his countrymen have done ample justice to his me rits. Universal applause and admiration have attended numerous editions of his works; and the Genius of Design, in the several branches of painting, sculpture, engraving, drawing, and the medallic art, has exerted itself to transmit his air and countenance; as the tributary Muses have contributed their aid to perpetuate his name, with equal zeal and honour, to the latest times. • MICHAEL MAITTAIRE, M.A. holding- a book open, " Q. Hor'at." mez. R. Dandridge p. Faber sc. Michael, or, as he for some time wrote his name, Mikcll, Maittaire, one of the greatest, in stances of classical,, and other elegant learning of modern times, was born in 1668; but none of the accounts I have seen of this learned man inform us of his birth: he was evidently of foreign descent, though born in England. Happily for him, he was sent to Westminster School, where Dr. Busby well grounded him in the Greek and Latin languages, keeping him four years longer than usual. He then gained another experienced and powerful friend, Dr. South, for whom he compiled a catalogue of the Greek words falsely accented in Dr. Sherlock's books; and so highly pleased was South with his performance, that he. being a canon of Christchurch, introduced him a canoneer, as it is termed, or as a student of that college, where he received the degree of A.M. in 1696; but in the preceding year he had been appointed THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 095- GEOKGE I: CLASS IX,. appointed second master of Westminster School, a situation with which he was entirely content. There is a complete catalogue of his works given in Nichols's "Life of Bowyer," and the "Genfle- " man's Magazine" for 1783, but it is too long to transcribe. His works were very excellent in their typography, giving fine editions of several of the ancients; as were those proper for youth, in de fence of religion : and in his old age he wrote " Carmen Epinicium Augustissimas Russorum " Imperatrici Sacrum," in almost all the various measures of the ancients, which showed his won derful powers; as did his Treatise upon the Arun- delian and Seldenian Marble, and his " Antiquse " Inscriptiones duae," how well he understood an cient chronology : indeed, it is scarcely possible to say what he did not know which related to antiquity and the learned languages. In 1699 he resigned his public situation, and remained in a retirement he loved, because consecrated to learning. He died August 7, 1747, aged 79, with a reputation that few have attained. The two Har- leys earls of Oxford, the Duke of Rutland, the Earl of Chesterfield, (who placed his son under his tui tion,) Lord Carteret, the Earlof Orford when the Hon. Horace Walpole, (who subscribing for twenty copies of his " Senilia," sent as many guineas,) and other great men, honoured him with their friendship; no wonder, therefore, the engraving we are fortunate enough to have of him, was Jussu Amicorum, as it is inscribed. The Duke of Rutland had one, and Sir Richard Ellis another portrait of him. Mr. Maittaire possessed all the good qualities that can interest; and in religion was equally orthodox and zealous: in temper he was modest and unassuming;- despis ing the pride of learning, yet fond of friendly intercourse: respectable at Westminster, and if U4! possible 298 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GBOKGE I. CLASS. IX. possible more so in his private -academy: a strict regard to honesty ; content with a mediocrity of circumstance. He loved the shade, better than the blaze of the sun; but his fame could not be concealed, that spread abroad as well as at home. His library, collected by the labour of fifty years, was sold in the same year in which he died, by Messrs. Cock ahd Langford, in forty-four nights. The catalogue, compiled by himself, is valuable, and the collection, though so extremely nume rous, was nevertheless very select. EUSTACE BUDGELL, mez. D. Firmin p. J. Fa- Ur,sc. 1720. Eustace Budgell, Esq. is one of the many in stances, of men of the best abilities and prospects losing their reputation and station in life, by neg lecting common prudence. His father, Gilbert Budgell, D.D. of St. Thomas's, near Exeter, au thor of a " Discourse on Prayer," and some Ser mons, was of high descent, and honourably allied, whose first wife was Mary, daughter of Dr. Gulstoh, bishop of Bristol; and his second, a widow, the mother of William Fortescue, Esq. master of the rolls. By the former he had Eustace ; t&e Rev. Gilbert Budgell; William, Fellow of New College, Oxford, and two daughters. The father kept his coach, drawn by six horses, with pve-ry thing suitable; and he educated all his sons for professions. Eustace was designed for the bar; but the study of law being too dry for his lively turn of mind, he neglected it to commence a wit. Fortunately for him, he was related tq the accomplished Addison; for Jane, Addison's mo ther, was Bishop Gulston's sister. His abilities were unquestionable, both as a writer and as a man of business; and his papers marked X. in the ff Spectator," with others in the « Tafler," gained him THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 237 GKOKGE I. CLASS IX. him great applause; as did his translation of the Characters of Theophrastus dedicated to Lord Ha lifax : and his conduct in the office he held in Ireland, as under-secretary to the lords justices, and deputy-clerk to the council, gained him a publicly acknowledged character for punctu ality, skill, and unremitting assiduity. Those posts, produced him an income of 1750Z. per annum, which, with his paternal inheritance of 9.50Z. a year, made his situation very desirable: his estates. were, indeed, rather incumbered, but common prudence would soon have redeemed the mortgages. After pasquinading the viceroy of Ireland, the Duke of Bolton, he went from imprudence to imprudence, with such rapidity, that he lost all his friends, as he had done his for tune. The Duke of Portland,, a fellow sufferer in the South Sea scheme, was appointed governor of Jamaica, and named Budgell his secretary; but government would not permit a man who had attacked all persons high in office, to go in that Capacity; and the Duchess of Marlborough gave him 1000Z. in vain, to get into parliament. The little discretion he had ever possessed now left him. Mr. Addison, and his brother, Mr.' William Budgell, were both dead; so that he plunged still deeper in miseries of every description, without any restraining bands : and, when driven to frenzy by his misfortunes, the consequence of unrestrained passions, he filled his pockets with stones, hired a boat at Somerset-stairs, in 1736, and whilst the boat was shooting London Bridge, he threw himself into the river, and was drowned, A piece of paper, found in his bureau, contained the following lines, alluding to the well-known soliloquy in the tragedy of Cato : What Cato did, and Addison approv'd, ' Cannot be wrong Fortunately, £08 THE ; HISTORY OF ENGLAND. — ¦ — ¦ • ' ~===- GEORGE I. CLASS IX. Fortunately, he left only an illegitimate daughter. Thus perished this rash and unguarded man, whom the world, his relations and friends, wished to patronize; and who, had he acted but with common attention and discretion, might have raised, instead of ruining a highly respectable fa mily: An unconquerable, and a detestable pride • was the cause of his ruin. One of the worst ¦ "'actions of Mr. Budgell 's life was, his obtaining a will in his favour, from the Deist Tindal, to ' defraud his heir, the Rev. Nicholas Tindal, his nephew, which occasioned Popes lines: Let Budgell charge low Grub-street on my quill, And write whate'er he please, except my will. AARON HILL, Mt. 24, 1709, fol. H. Hulsbergh sculp. Aaron Hill, 1705, fol. J. Nutting sc. . Aaron Hill, Esq. heir to a landed estate of 2000Z. per annum, descended from a family of great respectability at Malmsbury in Wiltshire, was left an orphan, without a fortune. His father, Mr. George Hill, had imprudently involved his affairs; and the lawyers had so completely se conded him, that poor Aaron would, probably, have never received even an education, if his ma ternal grandmother, Mrs. Ann Gregory, had not sent him to school, first at Barnstable, and after wards to Westminster. Possessing a mind vigo rously active, and learning from Mrs. Gregory, that his relation, Lord Paget, was ambassador at Constantinope, he left England and went there, with her consent; keeping, even at the age of fif teen, a journal of his travels. The young stranger was received by his lordship with surprise and kindness, and was entrusted to the care of a cler gyman, chaplain to the embassy, who improved him THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 299 GEOKGE I. CLASS IX. him in the knowledge of the classics; and with him he went to Egypt, Palestine, and other eastern countries: he had, besides, an opportunity of visiting most of the courts of Europe, on Lord Paget's return, in 1703. Had Mr. Hill tempered his acquirements with discretion, he would, no doubt, have been enabled to retrieve the affairs of his family, and have made himself of more im portance than any of his ancestors; but an un happy propensity to projects involved him in un ceasing difficulties. After a second tour through Europe, as tutor to Sir William Wentworth, which occupied him about three years, he re turned, the devoted son of the Muses, and the projector of many extravagant schemes. The stage originally attracted his attention, to which be had prepared the way by the poem of " Ca- . millus." He afterwards became both master of Drury-lane theatre, and also a writer for it; and he was concerned in the Opera-house. For the first he wrote " Elfrida, or the Fair Inconstant;" the " Fatal Vision, or the Fall of Siam and Merope;" others for the theatre in Lincoln's Inn Fields: and for the latter, " Rinaldo," the music by Handel. His principal projects were, making oil from beech nuts; planting extensive vine yards to rival the wines of France; and supply ing timber for the royal docks from Scotland ! Thus, his life, like that of all other prejectors, was spent in hope, without the least prospect of fruition. To add to his disappointments, he neglected his duties at the theatre and the opera-house, and soon lost both. The fine strains which he had poured forth to celebrate " The " Northern Star," Peter the Great, ended only in a golden medal', sent by the dying monarch; but Catherine I. his successor, also dying before it had left Russia, it never found its way to England; and 300 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. .... . GEORGE I. CLASS IX. ' ' •- and the merit he had flattered himself that he possessed as a poet, was rewarded by a place in the Dunciad. Mr. Hill was born in Beaufort- Buildings in the Strand, on February 10, 1684-5; and died at the very minute of the great earth quake, February 8, 1749, of which he seemed sensible, though unable to express it. Few men have so- completely mistaken their own abilities as Mr. Hill, who did every thing he ought not to have done: in his youth an historian; in man hood he gave up the superintendance of thepublic amusements, an office in which he excelled, to be, in a more advanced age, a visionary and un successful projector. His remains were deposited by those of his wife, the mother of his nine'chil- dren, the partner of all his fortunes; and to whom he was indebted for a greater fame than he would otherwise have obtained. It does honour to his character that he consecrated her memory with these lines : Enough, cold stone! suffice her long-lov'd name; Words are too weak to pay her virtue's claim. Temples, and tombs, and tongues, shall waste away ; And pow'r s vain pomp in mould'ring dust decay : But ere mankind a wife more perfect see, Eternity, O Time ! shall bury thee. The four volumes of his works, published bv sub scription, for the benefit of his family, after his decease, are now almost forgotten; and there are also two volumes of his dramatic writings, that do not, at present, claim much of the public at- attention. JOHN HUGHES, in Rett's "Poets," 1779, 12mo. Look sc. John THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 301 ' " GEORGE I. CLASS IX. John Hughes, prefixed to his " Poems," 8vo. G. Kneller p. 1718, G. Vr. Gucht sc. John Hughes;, 12mo. Caldwell sc. John Hughes, born at Marlborough in Wilt shire, January 29, 1677, was the son of a citizen of London, where he received his education at a private school. Of a delicate frame and consti tution, he endeavoured rather to cultivate his mind than join in the mercantile pursuits of the capital. Poetry, music, and drawing, engrossed his time; and he made considerable improvement in each of the sister arts. A place in the ordnance department, and the office of secretary to several commissions under the great seal for purchasing lands, and for securing several of our docks and harbours, at least kept him from being a depend ant; and his unwearied application to works of genius, or translating the best publications of fo reigners, filled up all the time he could spare from his attendance at his offices. His reputation at length became so widely extended, that he ranked in the number of his friends, Addison, Congreve, Southerne, Rowe, and some of the greater states men; Hoadley, bishop of Winchester; Lord Chief Baron Gilbert; the Marquis of Wharton, who , proposed taking him to Ireland, which he de clined: and Lord Chancellor Cowper, who gene rously gave him, without solicitation, the secre taryship of the commissions of the peace; and, upon his retiring from office, obtained his conti nuance under his successor, Lord Macclesfield. This patronage procured him an absolute inde pendence; but he did not- retreat from the la bours of genius: indeed, we are surprised to find so multifarious a selection of his writings m verse and prose, history, biography, plays, pa pers in the w Tatlers," " Spectators," and "Guar- r dians," 302 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS IX. " dians," &c. &c. Few have written so much, and so well. His excellent play, " The Siege of " Damascus," was acted February 17, 1720, the ,, very night on which he died. He heard of its success; but the devout Christian, employed on eternity, expressed no exultation on the event, and he breathed out his spirit in prayer, at the age . .of 42. — "He was," said Steele, "a gentleman, who " maybe the emulation of more persons of differ- " ent talents than any one I have ever known. His " head, hand, or heart, was always employed in " something worthy imitation; his pencil, his " bow (string,) or his pen, each of which he " used in a masterly manner, were always directed " to raise and entertain his own mind, or that of " others, to a more cheerful prosecution of what " is noble and virtuous." Jabez, his brother, was also a votary of the Muses, and died in 1731, . aged 45. Mr. John Hughes, expressive of his gratitude, sent his portrait, painted a little before his death, by his friend Sir Godfrey Kneller, to Earl Cowper, who wrote this polite letter of ac knowledgment for the present, 24th Jan. 1719-20. " Sir, ' I thank you for the most acceptable ' present of your picture, and assure you, that " none of this age can set a higher value on it !' than I do, and shall while I live; though I " am sensible posterity will out-dq me in that *. particular. ' lam, with great esteqm and sincerity, .... " Your most affectionate ., " and obliged humble servant, ' " COWPER." This THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. ' 30t GEORGE I.- CLASS IX. This picture is still in the possession of the noble family to which it was originally presented. The vigour of Mr. Hughes' mind remained to the last, as is evident by the nervous and spirited prologue, and humorous epilogue to his play, dictated by him when too weak to hold a pen. His " Triumphs of Peace" and the " Siege of " Damascus" are the best of his works. Pope, who saw this tragedy in manuscript, said to the author, he liked it " extremely well;" and after his death, " that it was an excellent work of an excellent "man." WILLIAM PATTISON, Mt. 21, two lines, 8vo. J. ? Saunders p. P. Fourdrihier sc. . William Pattison, Vr. Gucht sc. The ingenious, the imprudent, and unfortunate Pattison was born at Peasmarsh, Sussex, in 1706, where his father was a considerable farmer under the Earl of Thanet, who encouraged his genius, by sending him to Appleby School in Westmor land, then, and long after, in great estimation. There he attracted the notice of the Rev. Noble, "a clergyman of great learning and taste," who perceivng how richly nature had bestowed her gifts upon him, particularly in a poetic taste, carefully directed his juctgment; and, the better to accomplish this, read with him the classics, pointing out their principal beauties, and gave him a plan how most advantageously to follow his studies. Here, with " Cowley's Walk,"^he sought the solitude he loved; and amused him,- self with angling, his favourite diversion, and this even by moonlight; and the scenery around.him was well fitted to his romantic and poetic mind. From Appleby School he went to Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge, at the expence of Lord Thanet, S04 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS Thanet, by the kind recommendation of Mr. Noble, where, pursuing his* advice, he went through all the ancient, and most of the English classics; but his pleasures were chiefly confined to fishing in the Cam, with his beloved Spenser's " Fairy Queen," and Brown's " Britannia's Pas- " torals" in his hand. At length imprudence won him from duty : he disliked public disputations; and college discipline was still more odious to him. He knew expulsion must ensue, as he little restrained his passions, and was at still less trouble to hide his demerits; he therefore deter mined upon pinning an apologetical copy of verses to his gown, erased his name from. the books, and bent his way to Londonf . But he might have been re-admitted, perhaps, as nothing very gross had been done bydiim ; but he thought London and freedom far preferable to Cambridge and submission. He raised poetic visions of pa- tronage, and frequented Button's. His abilities made some impression; but a youth in the capi tal, without the means of procuring a subsistence, -will soon become an. object . of wretchedness, as poor Pattison soon found, and Chatterton since knew. He, for a little time, kept from absolute want, by receiving subscription-money for a vo lume of meditated poems. At length the gaunt fiend seized him. Curll the bookseller - gave", him an asylum; in whose house he died of the small-pox, -rendered more malignant by the hor rors of his mind, as he reflected on his forlorn •,»-/^Jl?Ve-.?eCT'sevemI derfy"ncn w the north of England of the if? £ « ,. \ T n£t'ceriain whfcb'of them the above gentleman was. «?J^rT*.9r,MevV?pta N°Me,A.i$.- the learned and amiable ££& t Lri? $$ i * w ,n y^tohin!. who died in n67, There is a genteel family of TfoMe in Westmorland. ' &W "S^x^O^* PattUon wa« supposed to have been a pnfiil of *M.h*£ Sw W?* V^T <**-*••" Mielady Patron Ml in *ove with mjJs Miss Mordaunt, afterwards Mrs. Povnter Croxal it was fce^edjlast a bishopric by thatiublitotioii. "J™*^ crowJ? tf was condition; THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND, $Q5 GEORGE I. CLASS IX. condition; and, as if misery was to attend his fate even after death, it was with difficulty a grave could be procured in the upper cemetery of St. Clement Danes in the Strand, to receive his corpse. Pope said, Curll literally starved him to death; though it is no more than common justice to declare, he gave him aU that his condition re quired in his illness, even to sending for a phy sician. He owns in a pretty poem, inscribed "Effigies Authoris," addressed to Lord Burling ton, he was destitute of friends, of money, and a prey to hunger; passing his nights on a bench in St. James's Park : and in a letter to a gentleman, he writes,---" Spare my blushes, I have not en- " joyed the common necessaries of life these two ", days, and can hardly hold my pen to subscribe " myself, &c." If such a fate as this of Patti- son's, and tjhat of Cbatterton's, will not warn rash young men of abilities from ruin, what can ? Pattison was more to blame than Chatteirtonj' he fled a fostering university, to which he might have been an ornament; a. fond mother, who would have given him an ample remuneration for .restraining his turbulent passions. The works of this unhappy young .man were published in two vols'. 8vo. in 1738 : they prove what might have been expected had he lived longer, and would have learned prudence at the expence of expe rience. GILBERT KNOWLES, Mt. 49, 1723, oval, his own hair, prefixed to his " Medica Rotanica," 1724, 4to. mez. Murray p. Faber sc. I cannot discover any traces of this botanist and poet, either in Gibber's " Lives of the Poets," or Hutchinson's"" Biographia Medica," of> in deed, iri any other of our biographical works. Yol.IIL X The THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS IX. The name of Knowles is known in Kent, but whether he was of that county I am unable to determine. / WILLIAM KNAP, Mt. 54, 1753, prefixed to his " Church Melody." Mr. William Knap, clerk of Poole, published a volume of psalms and anthems, suited tq various occasions, with an introduction to psalmody, after a plain and familiar manner, which soon went through seven editions : — " Price 3s. 6d. " bound, with a beautiful frontispiece of the au- " thor, New Church; Melody; being a Set of " Anthems Psalms, Hymns, &c. in four Parts, on " various Occasions, with a great Variety of " other Anthems, Psalms, Hymns, &c. composed " after a Method entirely new, and never before " printed, with an Anthem on Psalm CXXVII. " by one of the greatest Masters in Europe, to- " gether with four excellent Hymns, and an An- " them for the Nativity. To which is added an " Imploratiori to the King of Kings, wrote by " King Charles I. during his Captivity in Caris- " brook Castle, Isle of Wight, A.D. 1648; to- " gether with an Anthem for the Martyrdom of " that blessed Prince, This also went through " five or more editions, as it ought; for sure " the price was small for so much Musick." FRANCIS SMART, Vien, 1719, I. A. Delsenbach sc. ad vivum. Had not Bromley classed Francis Smart amongst the literary characters, I should not have even known why we had this print of him, for I do not find the least notice 'taken of him in,ahy of our biographical works, nor is he mentioned in "Granger's manuscripts,^ but that is the less to be wondered THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. -307 .•» ¦ — «.• GEORGE I. CLASS IX. wondered at, as there are many characters of whom not a word is to be found. Granger's forte consisted chiefly in searching out persons who were remarkable for their singularity, or oddity of conduct; which was, at least, a useful pursuit, as such are generally soon forgotten, while the actions and writings of the great and wise are re corded by many. Perhaps, after all, the only rea son for assigning this person a place in the series, is, that he appears, from both his names, to be of English growth. PHILIP FROWDE, oval, wig, neckcloth, mez. T. Murray p. 1732, Faber sc. 1738. This votary of the Muses was the eldest son of — — Frowde, Esq. postmaster-general in the reign of Queen Ann. Sent to Oxford, he was placed under Addison's tuition, and distinguished himself by his Latin poems, printed in the " Mu- *' sae Anglicanae." Besides which, he wrote two tragedies, " The Fall of Saguntum," arid " Phi- " lotas:" the one dedicated to the minister Walpole, the other to Lord Chesterfield; but these pieces were never popular. Mr. Frowde died at his lodgings in Cecil-street in the Strand, London, December 19, 1738, when the following character of him was inserted in the "Daily " Post," and reprinted in the " Historical Re- " gister :"— '¦" But though the elegance of Mr. " Frowde's writings has recommended him to the " general publick esteem, the politeness of his " genius is the least amiable part of his charac- " ter; for he esteemed the talent of wit and " learning only as they were conducive to the " excitement and practice of honour and huma- " nity. Therefore, with a soul cheerful, benevo- " lent, and virtuous, he was in conversation geii- " teelly delightful; in friendship punctually sin- v « « cere; 308 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS. IX. " cere; in death christianly resigned. No man " could live more beloved ; no private man could " die more lamented." His exalted character appears to have been literally true. Fielding has introduced an ironical encomium on his "Phi- " lotas," in his novel of " Joseph Andrews;" but he had better have copied Frowde 's life than satirized his works. JOHN WINSTANLEY,^Er. 64, 1741, prefixed to his " Works," 1744, Sw. mez. J. Brooks sc. John Winstanley, A.M. F.S.T.C.D*. wrote se veral occasional pieces of poetry; Avhich were long handed about among his friends; at length \e procured a very numerous set of subscribers, and printed them in 8vo. 1742, with many others, written by several ingenious hands. The contents of this volume are said by Grasnger, to have pleased more when in manuscript than when printed; but we must suppose him to have been a man of respectable character, and of pleasing manners, from the; number o£ his subscribing friends. It should seem that he was both a Master of Arts and a Doctor of Laws; though the latter, probably, was not a uniyersity degree, if we mav, judge from the following lines : I am a doctor thor without degrees, I am a doctor though I take no fees; I am, no thanks to academic proctor, Apollo's and the Muses' licenc'd doctor. ' I am ignorant of the date of his death. Was he related to Winstanley ? not the barber: surgeon, but the barber poet, of the reigns of Charles II. and James II. of D^iS?»H^r^,T^-nBd inW"S*We tothe i-h^Bitants tion "V the* i and rtaS f .""f «x K'Ve " perfeotIy ^factory *xplana- tum of them, and therefore leave them as they stand ih the Doctor's title- . POETESSES. THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. SQ9 GEORGE I. CLASS IX, .-IL. HI' POETESSES. , ,. ELIZABETH ROWE, prefixed to her " Works," 1739, 12mo. G. Vertue sc Mrs. Rowe, a lady of great merit, and no common celebrity, was the daughter of Mr. Walter Singer, a dissenting divine, and born at Ilchester in Somersetshire, September 11, 1674, Her father, more fortunate than many of the nonconformist ministers, inherited a small estate at Frome in that county; and having suffered imprisonment for preaching at Ilchester, he determined to settle in the town, probably from some peculiar kind nesses he had received : there he married, and had this his only child, who early distinguished herself by her vast powers of mind. Secluded from much company, she also might be said to " lisp in num- ^bers, for the numbers came." To poetry she added the accomplishments of music and paint ing; and she received some instructions in the French and Italian languages from the Hon. Mr. Thynne. Her fame ' was not long confined to Ilchester, where, as afterwards in London, the pious, the poetic, and the polite, united to do her honour. Prior admired, indeed, some say he loved her. But she gave her hand, with her heart, to Mr. Thomas Rowe, but death sepa rated him from her, in 1715, when only 20 years of age. She evinced her affection by a beauti ful ode to his memory, and devoted herself to widowhood, though in the prime of life. She then bid a willing adieu to London, and settled at Frome, where she spent her days in prayer, in improving herself, and in instructing Chris tians in their duty. She had paraphrased the 38th chapter of Job, at the request of Bishop Kenn, of pious memory, when very young; and she X 3 was 310 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. a, r n" i i' ' ¦¦ i ' ¦ ¦ ¦ ' •? GEORGE 1. CLASS. IX. was only in her twenty-second year when the poems on several occasions, under the name of "Philomela," were published. After Mr. Rowe's decease, she published " Friendship in Death, in " Twenty Letters from the dead to the living;" "Letters moral and entertaining," in three parts; "Friendship in Death;" and "The History of " Joseph," a poem. Dr. Watts, by her request, published, after her death, her " Devout Exer- " cises of the Heart, in Meditation and Soliloquy> " Praise and Prayer;" and her miscellaneous works, in prose and verse, were printed in two volumes, 8vo. 1739, with her life prefixed. Her education had been, it must be allowed, a little too gloomy; it had too much of the enthusiasm of a sectarian father, but then, that father was a truly pious man : and if she learned his devotion, she did not disgrace it by any indecorous vehe mence, but promulgated it in a rational manner, such as a Kenn and a Watts could approve; such as gained her the respect of persons of both sexes, of ^11 denominations of Christians, and every rank, even the highest of the titled orders. She exercised the utmost prudence in the ma nagement of her father's, her husband's, and her own household; and died, deeply deplored, Fe bruary 20, 1736-7, of an apoplexy; so that„"by " an easy translation, she became an angel." This highly accomplished woman had a great share of all the personal charms that awaken love, as she had all the virtues to rivet it. Her stature was pf the true standard,-; her hair of the most pleasing colour; and her eyes were inclined to blue, and full of fire : her complexion was fair, and. often suffered by a modest blush; her voice was soft, as her manners were gentle: in short, she was all that man can form in idea of excel lence and beaqty. ELIZA THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 311 ^ GEORGE I. CLASS VIII. ELIZA HAYWOOD, 12mo. Kirkall sc. Eliza Haywood, 12mo. Parmentier p. G. Vertue sc. Mrs. Haywood, or Heywood, was a poetess, a dramatic writer, and a novelist; in which latter character it cannot be denied, that she sometimes mi'le her writings a vehicle for the scandal of the diy. Pope, with more severity than justice, and less delicacy than wit, has riiade-this lady a pro minent figure in his poem of the Dunciad, by in troducing her as the second prize in the games of the Dunces : See in the circle next Eliza plac'd, Two babes of love close clinging to her waist; Fair, as before her works, she stands confess'd, In flowers and pearls by bounteous Kirkall dress'd. The lines immediately following, reflect more dishonour on the author, than on the objects of his satire. Strange, that the poet should have so far forgotten the decorum due, not only to the sex, but to the public, in a poem, which however temporary the subject of it might be thought, it is apparent from the care with which he laboured it, he wished to have considered as one of his happiest effusions, and intended for posterity, as a special example of the harmony of his numbers, and the brilliancy of his wit. Mrs. Heywood died Feb. 25, 17.56, in the 63d year of her age, after an illness of three months, which she bore with great fortitude and resigna tion; but that "she was the celebrated authoress of " some of the best moral and entertaining pieces " that have been published for these twenty " years," is going beyond what the general turn of the lady's compositions will allow to be said, consistently with truth, and the general opinion pf the public concerning them. . V X 4 A SCOTCH ! 1 2 THE HISTORY- OF ENGLAND, GEORGE I. CLASS IX. A SCOTCH POET. ALLAN RAMSAY, in a cap, collar open, Mo. Rickham sc >° Allan Rxmsay, holding a hook, la. Mo. R. Cooper sc. ad vivum, Allan Ramsay, a head on a pedestal, %vq. A. Ram say p. R. Cooper sc. , AtLAN Rams-ay, prefixedio Ms "Poems and Songs:," Boo. /. SmibeM p. Vertue sc. \ < Alla** Ramsay, J. Smibertp. Vircruysse sc. Allan Ramsay, mez. W. Aikman p, G. White sculp, Allan Ramsay, Mo. mez. G. White scr Allan Ramsay, the fascinating Scotch poet, belonged to the same humble class in life as his countryman, Burns, and was apprentice to a barber in Edinburgh; but the superior talents which nature had given him he carefully im proved, by obtaining books, and reading them at those leisure moments which all may command who wish it. His poems brought him into estima^ tion; and the good sense of his countrymen re moved him from, his mean situation to become a bookseller in their capital. His " Gentle Shep-r f herd" was first acted at Edinburgh in 1719, and is one of the best pastorals in any language. The jural state of Scotland in his day W;ill snever die : it. is a most perfect portrait. His modesty had submitted this piece to the candid perusal of Sir Gilbert Elliot, Sir William Bennet, Duncan Forbes, Esq. and other gentlemen of taste; what must have been their surprise, their raptures, at such a production ? Happily, Mr. Ramsay had all that prudence in which poor Burns was deficient; and the protection of his friends enabled him to live with great credit, and even to retire from busi ness. THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 3\3 GEORGE I. CLASS IX. nesswkh a competence. His shop was the resort of the great, the wise, and the good. Mr. Ramsay died January 5, 1758. His works have been fre quently printed, and they do great honour to Scotland. His son was the painter so well krjown, and whose works are so well approved; one of the engravings of the father is from a painting by him. He also partakes of his father's genius as a writer, and has published several treatises on different subjects. IRISH POETS. Sir RICHARD STEELE, a circle, J. Rasire sc. Sir Riohahd Steele, square, leaning on his right- arm, a " Kit Cat," mez. Kneller p. Faber sc 1735. Sir Richard Steele, prefixed to his " Works" 1723, 8vo. Kneller p. Vr. Gucht se. Sir Richard Steele, in Rirch's " Lives" fol. J. Houbraken sc. Sir Richard Steele, square, leaning, afterwards altered to Smith, mez. Kneller p. Simon sc. Sir Richard Steele, oval, mez. J. Richardson p. 1712, J. Smith sc. 1713. Sir Richard Steele, 12rH0. Kneller pinv. Vertue sc. Sir Richard Steele, in a cap, Mo. J. Thornhill p. Vertue sc. Sir Richard Steele> in the print with Dryben, # gave THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. S15 GEORGE I. CLASS IX. ' --' "» gave him all the advantages he could wish, by his obtaining the office of surveyor of the royal stables at Hampton Court, the government of the royal comedians, the office of magistrate for Middlesex, knighthood, a seat in parliament for Boroughbridge in Yorkshire, and the place of a commissioner of forfeited estates in Scotland. With all these he might have been contented, and sat down the statesman, the wit, and the indepen dent gentleman. But he-wrote on a variety of subjects, often temporary, and sometimes merely to serve the low interests of party, yet this party deserted him; and he lost his patent for the theatre, a loss he estimated at nearly 10,000/. after this he might have been termed schemer-ge neral of England. These substitutes for extrava gant expenditure ended; as they always do, in plunging the infatuated person in greater diffi culties. The fish he was to bring alive to the capital would die on the way; but had he thought of bringing them dead in ice, he might have been as fortunate as some have since been, by thns supplying the London market; but if he had, the money would have been spent, and a new scheme must have been devised. I mention the fish business particularly, because it was his fa vourite project, and, like other favourite projects, the most expensive. Steele went on from hope to hope, ever cheated, yet never discouraged. The estate he received with one wife, and the jointure of another, could not satisfy his love for expence : this vanity he carried to a length so injurious, that his last wife spent her days in vex ation, and his children in sorrow. Miss Boyle, grand-daughter of Sir Samuel Boyle, afterwards wife of John Wildor, Esq. told Granger, that go ing to dine with Sir Richard's daughters, when he resided at Chelsea, he sent for a dessert, which post 116 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS IX. cost him, as his daughters owned w-ith grief, the only half-guinea he had in the bouse. '^Why/'said a party of gentlemen, "have you so many servants " attending in livery." "Because I cannot dismiss " them." "Why?" "If you must know, they are ,( bailiff'* followers; who would come rather inop- " portunely I must own ; but that I might not lose " the pleasure of your company, or> hurt your " feelings, I ordered them to be equipped as you " see :" and this was said in so good-humoured and pleasant a manner, that his visitors, giving se curity for the debt, sent away the unwelcome in truders. Though he kept a chariot, yet he lived each day by some contrivance to supply his wagts. Savage the poet gained an asylum under his roof. The chariot was ordered out : the wit-mas,ter and the wit-companion, or secretary, got in, and drove to a tavern. The elder, gaily calling for pen, ink, and paper, wrote a small tract, commissioned the younger to take it to a bookseller, and re- '. ceive what he could obtain for it. The. sum re ceived, the wit returned, and pleasure crowned the day. At length the whole stock of his ex pedients was exhausted; and he reluctantly re tired from the vicinity of the gay capital* to his sequestered seat, Llangunnor, near Carmarthen, whieh he had received with his last wife : thence he removed to Carmarthen, where he lived a sad memento of mental and bodily decrepitude; but, like Gibber, never ceased talking of dramatic works, and particularly his own, which he pre ferred to all others. His constitutional good hu mour left him, the effect, perhaps, of his paralytic * Steele's last house near Londan, I believe was at Harerstoct-Hill, Hampstead, where Pope often called to take him to the " Kit Cat Club," then held, for the summer season, at the Upper Flask on Hampstead Heath. His house at Chelsea rented for 141. per annum. In his happier days he possessed a house at Poplar, where he had a laboratory ; it is supposed he *p™' <*>D8lderaJ>lc sums of money there, in alchymy, with as much profit as the Jitnperqr- Francis I, found in relying upon his transmutation bimetals, affection. THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 3X7 GEORGE I. CLASS IX. affection. Sir Richard died at Carmarthen, and was buried in the church there,under a plain stoneslab, merely inscribed with the date.of his death, which happened September 1, 1729. His house at Carmar then is now an inn ; the sign, the Ivy Bush : but the Bays would have been more appropriate. To com mend, without qualification, such a character as Steele's is impossible; but to have known,, and not admired him, perhaps wotild have been no less so. That he had just conceptions of religion and morality is certain, that he frequently violated them is as certain. Without prudence no man can be independent, whatever may be his sense, his wit, or his learning. At one time Addison had raised him above himself; .but as he soared, Steele sunk. Addison hated his vices, but he loved the friend of his youthful days. Steele generally treated Addison with deference, conscious of his superiority as a man and as a writer. Once he was too profoundly obsequious in his behaviour. Addison talked for agreeable disputation, such as good-natured friends may indulge, .but still the knight was all submission and acquiescence. At length the patience of Addison was entirely ex hausted, and he exclaimed, " Either pay me the " 100Z. you borrowed, qr contradict me." This sally of anger had the proper effect, and Steele re-assumed his wonted ease. As a writer Sir Richard has great merit: all his works, are po lished, gay, and pleasing, without affectation, ex cept his " Dying Hero,". which, is tinctured with it. He excelled more in the lighter species of writing than in the serious, and perhaps he was totally incapable of confining himself to an-ela- borate work. His first wife, as sole heir to: her brother, had a valuable plantation in Barbadoes, of which island she was a native; his second, a widowwhen be married her, was daughter of Jo nathan Scurlock,'of Llangunnor, Esq. his love- letters .318 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS IX. letters to this lady are published : by her he had a son ahd two daughters. Elizabeth married, May 31, 1731, John Trevor, third lord Trevor of Bromham. A Mr. Richard Dyer* was reputed an illegitimate son of the poet, and his person seemed to prove the affinity. It is Said, that some persons supposed Bickerstaffe a real character, and desirous of becoming acquainted with the old gentleman, actually went to Sheer-lane to en quire for his lodgings. On the contrary, when a real writer, the Rev. William Bickerstaffe, ap peared, I thought it an assumed signature. It is said, that Steele, undetermined about the name he should use, observed Bickerstaffe upon a sign, and adopted it. Swift also mentions, in a letter to Stella, that there was a person in London of both the names. THOMAS SOUTHERNE, plain coat, buttoned up, mez. J. Worsdalep. J. Simon sc. Southerne has had the honour of having two kingdoms contend for his birth: some assert he was born at Stratford upon Avon, and others, in Dublin, but the latter appears most probable. The year of the Restoration witnessed his birth, and he seemed to partake in his temper of the licentiousness of that joyous sera. Leaving Ire land at eighteen, he went to Oxford, and thence to the Middle Temple, London. Too volatile for the study of Coke upon Lyttelton, he com- , menced wit, and became a dramatic writer. But his plays were received with very different de grees of success, yet his abilities were very great. Dryden ranked him with Otway, and Gray spoke highly of his pathetic powers. His " Innocent " Adultery" is as affecting a play as any language * He was, for many years, a clerk in the Stamp-office, where Sir Kichard " his i right oYfiXniOUer" IiE WOtC tW° M thrCe POemS' ProbaW* t0 assert , - has THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 319 GEORGE I. CLASS IX. has ever produced; and his " Oroonoko" has sel- ,; dom been exceeded. His faults were those of the time, making many of his productions tragi-come- dies, and disgracing them with licentious ribaldry; but he lived to reprobate both. Southerne was a - high tory when toryism was in vogue. His "Persian "Prince, or Loyal Brother," was complimentary -,,. of James, on whose accession he drew his sword in his cause, against Monmouth, obtaining, for that purpose, a captain's commission. But he out lived the reign of the Stuarts, and more than half a century after the sceptre had dropped from the feeble hands of James. He died May 26, 1746, at the age of 85. He was one of the rare 1 -instances of a dramatic writer being a man of prudence; but he always regarded independence as his first object : he who does not know that . blessing is inevitably miserable. In the evening of his days he became a grave, venerable man, with silver locks; neat, and decently dressed, generally in black, with a silver-hilted sword, then an almost indispensable article in' the dress of a gentleman. He spent his time in a manner suited to hisappear- ance: while resident at Covent Garden he attend ed Evening Prayers in St. Paul's Church there ; and when he retired to Westminster, ten years before his death, he constantly went to the Abbey ser vice. Though his memory was much impaired, yet he was a pleasing companion even to a Gray: and "Lord Orrery lamented the death of his old "dramatic friend Tom Southerne, the last sur- " viving wit of Charles IPs reign, the evening of " whose days had been cheered and enfivened by ', " 'our author." The money he obtained by the ,r' stage was very considerable; while Dryden never had more than 100Z. he received 700Z. but then : ' he would stoop to solicit favours from the great, by asking them to take his tickets; and sometimes he 320 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS IX. _ he received considerable presents. He was more praise- worthy in raising the price of his plays to the booksellers. For the " Spartan Dame" he had 1501. no inconsiderable sum a century past; and if Dryden gained six, instead of four guineas for a prologue, he did more, by obliging the ma nagers to give the author a second, and a third night; so that he well merited Pope's lines, as far as plays are concerned : ' ¦ Tom, whom heaven sent down to raise The price of prologues and of plays. WRITERS IN DIVINITY. WILLIAM MELMOTH, prefixed to " The great " Importance of a religious Life," 17 1 1, &eo. J. Rich ardson sc. William Melmoth, two Latin lines, Schavontttt sc. William Melmoth, Esq. born in 1666, became a bencher of Lincoln's Inn, and a celebrated pleader.. Perhaps few persons have deserved more of posterity than this most excellent man, who made his profession the ' .means of doing mankind every service that religion could dictate; From the rich he received the reward of his .skill; " of the widqw, the fatherless, and him that had " nope to help him," he would take nothing. In deed* he passed a most useful and blameless life. " His wbole,_ time was employed in doing good, " or meditating it;" and how could it mojre. ap pear than in the excellent work he composed, "The great Importance of a religious Life," a work which had gone through many large edi tions, and of which 42,000 copies had been spld in the eighteen years preceding 17.84, and still continues to sell. What must infidelity thin)* of this? A geJiuine work of acknowledged worth, recommending THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 321 GEORGE I. CLASS IX. recommending religion, published by an author, who was so far from displaying himself as such, that it has been but lately known with certainty who wrote the treatise, which still continues to have, as it well deserves, an extensive sale*. How different is this from the tinsel wickedness we see sent forth by philosophizing infidels: their names are em blazoned, their praises inflated; new title-pages make new editions, with all the arts and tricks of their partizans; while religion shows its import ance, by calling for the modest, the nameless au thor's work, to conduct the Christian to his God. Go, infidel, and blush ! This most excellent man died April 6, 1743, in his 78th year, and was buried in the cloister of Lincoln's Inn chapel. He published " Vernon's Reports" jointly with Mr. Peere Williams. William Melmoth, Esq. translator of Pliny, and of Cicero's Letters, and author of those which pass under the name of Sir Thomas Fitzosborne, was his son. This literary veteran, who died at Bath, about two years ago, closed his honourable career by writing the me moirs of his father, to which the last of the por traits before described is prefixed. SAMUEL PARKER, with a Hebrew motto, 8vo. H. Green p. G. Vertue sc. Samuel Parker, of Lees, anonymous, Jehovah J i rah, R. White sc Mr. Samuel Parker was son of the bishop of Ox ford of both his names, who rendered himself so obnoxious in the case of Magdalen College, Ox ford, towards the end of the reign of JamesII. This gentleman inherited much of his father's learning and abilities, and he far excelled him in piety and other virtues. He wrote and published several * Lord Orford, among others, has mistaken the real writer, having attri buted it to the first Earl of Egmont. * Vol. III. Y books; 322 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS IX. books; and, in his English translation of Tnlly de finibus, 170l,8vo. he has introduced some animadr versions on " Locke's Essay upon human Under standing." In 1729 he produced an abridgment of the ecclesiastic Histories of Eusebius, Socrates, Sot zamon, and Theodoret; and he published, in 4to. " Bibliotheca Biblica, or a Commentary on the " Five Books of Moses, extracted chiefly from the " Fathers," a work that showed his good intent tions more than his judgment. Besides these, he published " Censurae Temporum, or the good " and ill Tendencies of Books;" various sermons, pamphlets, &c. ; but the work which will most please the English historian, is, " Reverendi ad- " modum in Christo Patris, Samuelis Pai'keri Epis- " copi, de Rebus sui Temporis Commentariorum " Libri quatuor," 1786, 8vo. which was soon trans-. lated into English : he also left behind him many manuscripts. This gentleman has been supposed to have been a clergyman, but he never was in orders; on the contrary, he was, unfortunately, a nonjuror. His most particular friends were, Dr. Hickes, Mr. Collier, Mr. Dodwell, Mr. Leslie, Mr. Nelson, and Dr. Grabe. The liberality of these gentlemen lessened the difficulties a very large family occasioned him ; indeed, his piety and modesty rendered him highly esteemed by all who knew him. He died July 14, 1730, and his death was hastened by his over-fatigue in writing the " Bibliotheca Biblica." One of his sons died not many years since, a bookseller at Oxford, in a very advanced age*. The Parkers, descendants of the able but imprudent prelate, were particu larly unfortunate. Dr. White Kennet, bishop of Peterborough, once had a common pauper ask his charity, as the daughter of a bishop. He ,* Dr, Johnson mentions him l>y the familiar appellation of Sack Parker, with great kindness.— See Bostsvll's Life, obiltr. thought THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. jj«g GEOUGE I. CLASS IX. .thought her an impostor; but, on investigation, she was found to be the child of Dr. Parker, and gister of our author : his family,' great as it was, and narrow as were his finances, would not have let her suffer so! great a degradation, if she had been but possessed even of common prudence. Happily, this is the only instance of such a mis fortune occurring to the family of a prelate; and she was the daughter of a bishop who was sup posed to have been too favourably disposed to popery. DEISTICAL WRITER. MATTHEW TINDAL, LL.D. Mt. 78, own hair, band, mez. B. Dandridge p. J. Faber sc. 1733. Dr. Tindal was son of the incumbent of Beer- Ferres in Devonshire, and born about 1657. De signed for the church, he was sent first to Lincoln College, Oxford, where Dr. Hickes was his tutor, then removed to Exeter, and at length chosen a Fellow of All-Souls. Tindal determined to make no small noise in the world ; and hoped, by being a proselyte to popery, to become eminent in the Roman Catholic church. James II. was succeeded by William III. and freethinking came into vogue, when Tindal left his beads and the mass, and became a Deist. He wrote the " Rights " of the Church," to make the clergy mad, a book soon known in its tendency at home, but not fully so abroad, until he further unveiled his intentions, in his " Christianity as old as the " Creation." The controversies these and some others of his tracts occasioned were very nume rous; but the wicked cannot perform what they vainly imagine is within their grasp : thus, every attack upon revelation only confirms the truth f f it. There would be no faith if all was plain to Y 2 ' a. mathematical 524 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS IX. a mathematical demonstration. " There are some " things," as Lord Lyttelton remarks, " irrecon- "cileable to the pride of human reason," but they are not the less true; for there are things irreconcileable in all the works of creation, yet we know there are such things. The historic parts of religion are so incontrovertible, that the sceptic may build his faith upon them; and every year adds proofs, that what we read in the Testa ment, as well as the Bible, has all the credibility that can possibly be demanded in profane history. If, then, all the facts can be thus traced, who can be so foolish as to disbelieve? The dispersion of. the Jews, a continued miracle of a series of ages, is a proof of Christ's mission which nothing can controvert. Tindal, like other Deists, thought that men could settle in "natural religion :" but we have seen, that revelation is too valuable to be bartered away, it being the only security there is against a complication of all that is wicked, odious, and detestable. Deism, a vice of French origin, has passed its meridian; and had it continued longer, it would have threatened the extinction of all that is desirable. Tindal rarely avowed his opinions : he pretended people defamed him in calling him a Deist, but there are incontrovertible proofs that he was "such an " one." He was more than sixty-three years of age when he published the first volume of his " Christianity as old as the World," and he pre pared the second volume for the press; so that he was a very extraordinary man: but sense does not constitute virtue in polemics, any more than in politics, else we should no more hear of sensible wicked men, nor great wicked men. He died in London* in August, 1733, retaining his fel lowship of All-Souls College. He gave the prin cipal part of his property to Budgell the poet, or rather THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 325 GEOIiGE I. CLASS IX. rather, as is generally believed, the latter gave it to himself*. HISTORIANS. NICHOLAS TINDAL, in a cap, fol. G. Knap- ton p. B. Picart sc. 1733. Nicholas Tindal, in a cap, fol. G. Vertue sc. 1735. The Rev. Nicholas Tindal, nephew of the De istical writer, was educated at Exeter, but became a Fellow of Trinity College, both in the univer sity of Oxford. Deprived of the fortune he might have expected from his uncle by Budgell's wicked ness, he probably suffered many pecuniary incon veniences; but he obtained a variety of clerical preferments : we find him to have been rector of Alverstoke, Hants; and vicar of Great Waltham; in the bay of Revel in the Gulph of Finland, chaplain on board Sir Charles Wager's ship the Torbay ; and; at Lisbon, as deputy to the Rev. Sims, chaplain to the English factory in that city. Besides which, he obtained the rec tory of Colbourne in the Isle of Wight, on his resignation of his Essex preferment; and at length he gained the chaplainship of Greenwich Hospital, his last residence. His literary labours were nume rous, but chiefly carried on in conjunction with the Rev. Philip Morant. Their diligence was as great, as their genius was confined. He by no means improved in-the elegance of his language by his sea chaplaincy, or his residence with the merchants at Lisbon; and his compeer, a native of Guernsey or Jersey, scarce knew French or Eng lish grammatically, but wrote a compound of * In Budgell's periodical miscellany, called the " Bee, or, universal «< weekly Pamphlet," is an engraving of the honorary medal of Dr. Tindal ; •everal of which, in gold and silver, were given as a premium, by Budgell, to the writers of the four best poems, either in English or Latin, to the memory of his friend and benefactor. See the Bee, Vol. V. No. 54, 55, where the Arise poems are also printed, Y 3 both, 526 the History of England. GEORGE I. CLASS IX. both. Tindal published Morant's translation of Messrs. De Beausobre and L'Enfant's Notes of St. Matthew's Gospel, and began the History of Essex, which he afterwards resigned to Morant, probably because he exchanged his preferment there ; and the partner obtained St. Mary's, Col-, Chester, and Aldham, both in that county. They afterwards joined in a vast concern, the trans lation of Rapin's History of England, witha (Continuation : the latter is greatly inferior to .the original, but the engravings are valuable; and indifferent as the work is, yet it has ge nerally had the first place in our libraries. Ra- pirt lived in the infancy bf our labours in this, , pursuit; I, who have followed step by step, through many reigns, can hardly believe I am writing pf the same periods treated of by that author, whose mistakes are endless. The notes. Upon the two first volumes qre excellent; and the work sold sp well, that their booksellers, S. I. and P. Knaptpn generously made them a present of 200Z. Tindal translated Prince Cante- mir's "History pf the Ottoman, Empire;" and his f Guide to classical Learning, or Polymetis " abridged for schools," was sp well received^ that it has been reprinted several times. He pub lished a copy of his uncle Dr. Tindal's will, with an account of what had passed concerning the same, between Mrs. Lucy Price, widow of Judge Price, Eustace Budgell, Esq. and Mr. Nicholas Tindal, 1733, 8vo. but that was a private, rather. than a matter of public concern. The transaction was, undoubtedly^ infamous, as a former will had appointed him sole heir; in this he had ofily a small residue, when Budgell's legacy of 2000 guineas were paid, and the profits resultipg from riie manuscripts of the second volume of " Chrisr '.'. fianity as old as the Creatiqn," both of which were THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 327 GEORGE I.. CLASS IX. ,.'¦'• i were given him, it is generally supposed, by an "absolute fraud, or by methods so nearly allied to it, that it is scarcely possible to perceive the dif ference. Tindal died at Greenwich Hospital, where he was buried in the new cemetery, July 27, 1774*, at a very advanced age : he is placed here, as ending the history of England with the reign of George I. It is supposed, that John Tindal, LL.D. rector of Chelmsford, in 1738-9, and an active magistrate, was not his brother, whose son, John Tindal, captain of the Deal Castle man of war, died October 17, 1777. '^ Christopher wren, ovai, prefixed to Hs "Pa- "rentalia," mez. J. Faber sc. 1750, scarce. Christopher Wren, Esq. only surviving son and heir of Sir Christopher Wren, was born Fe bruary 16, 1675, and educated at Eton School, and Pembroke-Hall, Cambridge. Sir Christopher procured him, in 1694, the office of deputy-clerk engrosser; but this preferment did not prevent his making a tour through Holland, France, and Italy. On his return from the continent he was elected member of parliament for Windsor, in J712 and 1714. He died August 24, 1747, aged 72, and was buried in the church of Wroxhall, ad joining to, and being, as it were, part of his seat at Wroxhall in Warwickshire. The church origin nally belonging to the nunnery of Wroxhall is close to Wroxhall-Hall, which stands upon the ¦ scite of the religious house. The late Christopher Wren, Esq. his descendant, .found a heavy gold ring in the garden, which evidently, by his de scription to me, had belonged to one of the abbesses, two of whose portraits stilj remain ia * Mr. Lyson's " Environs of London." The " Gentleman's Magazine" says he dipd July 87, but we cannot suppose him buried on the day of Jus/' death. .„ „ Y 4 Wroxhall 3 £8 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS IX. Wroxhall-HoUse; This gentleman was a most respectable man, .and, equally pious, learned, and amiable, He had made .antiquity his particular Study, well understood it, and was extremely communicative. Warwickshire Was then famed for great names: as the Dugdales; the Wrens; the Ferrers, of Baddesley Clinton, the next parish to Wroxhall; the Sheldons, of Herston; and. the Holdings', .of Erdingfon : I have seen many of their collections. Mr. Wren wrote " Numisma- " turn antiquortira Sylloge, Populis Grascis; " Municipiis et Coloniis Romanis, ex Cime» " liarcho Editoris," which he dedicated to the Royal Society. This work contains representa tions of curious Greek medallions in four plates, and two others of ancient inscriptions; these are n, followed by the legends of imperial coins in the large and middle size, from Julius Caesar toAu- relian, with their interpretations : and subjoined is an appendix of Syrian and Egyptian kings, and coins of cities, all collected by himself. Mr. Wren left the " Parentalia" in manuscript, uafi- nished, which contains memoirs of the lives of Bishop Wren; Christopher Wren, D.D. dean of Windsor; and Sir Christopher; with collections of records and original papers. This polite scho lar married twice : in May, 1736, to Mary, daugh ter of Mr. Musard, jeweller to Queen Ann, who died in 1712; he afterwards married, November 8, 1715, Dame Constance, widow of Sir Roger Bur- goine, Bart, daughter of Sir Thomas Middleton, of Stansted Montfitchet, Essex, who died May 23, 1734. By each marriage he had one son : Chrisr topher Wren, Esq. and Stephen, a physician, who published the "Parentalia," in 1/50. Chris topher, the eldest son, an eccentric humourist, was the poetic friend of Lady Loughborough and fjhenstpne. Displeasing his father, all the unem- tailed THE" HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 329 GEOBGB I. GLASS IX. tailed estates were given from him to Sir Rfoger Burgoyne, Bart, son of Sir Roger, but this was certainly almost preposterous devise. Wroxhall is still in the family, and owned by Christopher Wren, Esq. riow in the East Indies, who is the sixth Christopher Wren in succession from the; father of Sir Christopher. THOMAS LEDIARD, Mt. 40, 1725, %vo. Wahll p. C. Fristch, Hamb. sc Thomas Lediaed, prefixed to his " Naval Hist" 1735,fut, Thomas Lediard, agent and surveyor of West minster Bridge> was a voluminous writer, but his works are of little value : two of his folio volumes contain the life of the great Duke of Marlborough, compiled in a very wretched manner, and consequently held in no estimation by the literray world. He wrote, besides, a naval History of England from the Conquest, a book seldom heard of; and he translated Mascow's History of the ancient Germans, in two volumes, 4to. Mr. Lediard died in 1743, aged 58, and had been succeeded, as agent and surveyor of West minster Bridge, a short time before, by his son, Thomas Lediard. SCOTCH HISTORIAN. JOHN KER, prefixed to his " Memoirs," Svo. Hammond p. J. Vr, Gucht sc. This print is an al tered one front Roger Grant, oculist, John Ker, of Kersland in Scotland, author of a small volume of memoirs, was of the ancient fa mily of Crawford, of Crawfurdland, but took the sumarag THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS IX. surname of Ker from having married, in 1693, a daughter of the head of the powerful clan of Ker, and sister and heir of her brother, killed, in 1692, at the battle of Steinkirk in Flanders. Ker, born in Crawfurdland-House, August 8, 1673, was grandson of the loyal and brave John Crawford, who evinced his courage in the parliament army, and afterwards in fighting against Cromwell, in favour of Charles II. Alexander Crawford, Esq. his father, a lawyer, was courted by James II. but refused employment under his government* as a firm Presbyterian, who rejected all toleration under a sovereign professing the Roman Catholic religion ; and John Ker, his son, became an au thorized spy under Queen Ann, to defeat the de signs of the friends of the Stuarts. Like other spies he was despised ; and when he had perform ed the despicable office was neglected by those whom he had served, and even reduced, in his old age, to supplicate government for support: but he acknowledges the djsreputableness of his em ployment. What he received for all his patriotic pains, besides two gold medals of the electress dowager, and George I. does not appear. As a conclusion to such a life, he observed •:¦*—" I con- " fess, the public would be at no loss if I were " dead, and my memory buried in oblivion ," for " I have seen too much of the villany and vanity " of this world to be longer in love with it, and f own myself perfectly weary of it." What can a spy expect to see but villany? He said, "he ff was willing to die a sacrifice for the welfare of ?' his country." But no gentleman should degrade himself to the office of a spy: his country might have received his services in a thousand honour able and honest ways. Ker was long confined for debt in the King's Bench prison, where he died, July 8, 4726, just ten years after the ptibli* cation. THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 331 GEOKGK I. CLASS IX. cation Of his Memoirs, which relate to his secret transactions, and negociations in Scotland, Eng land, the courts of Vienna, Hanover, &c. BIOGRAPHER, JOHN BERNARDI, Mt. 73, 1728, in armour, prefixed to his " Life," by himself, 1729, 8vo. W. Cooper p. G. Vr. Gucht sc. . Major Bernardi was a prisoner in Newgate from the reign of William III. till his death> September. 22, 1736, at the advanced age of 82. When iri his 74th year he published his case; but grief for the loss of his liberty seems rather to have lengthened, than shortened his days. The history of this man is no less memorable than melancholy. When a cadet at Portsmouth, in 1672, he was seized by a press-gang belonging to the Royal James, at Fareham, but, claimed by his captain, he was discharged; unfortunately, as it happened for him, for if he had gone in that ship he had died gallantly, when she was blown up the following year. Bernardi lost his patron in 1673,and was thus reduced both in situation and' constitution. He was wounded sat the siege of Gibraltar, in 1674; and again in 1675, in parting two gentlemen who were fighting a duel. He lost an eye, was shot through the arm, and left for dead in the field, at the siege of Maestricht, in 1678. Finally, as a partizan of James II he was. appre hended in 1696, and accused of being concerned, with several others, in a plot to assassinate Wil liam III. and though sufficient evidence could not be brought to prove the fact, he was sen tenced, and continued in prison by the express, decrees of six successive parliaments, with five other-- 332 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS IX. other persons, where he remained for more than forty years, surviving all the partners of his guilt and punishment. A circumstance without a pre cedent; and which induces us to suppose that his character must have been pre-eminently wicked, as four sovereigns and six parliaments continued their detestation of his person; and though they ceuld not legally condemn, yet would never gar- don him*. ANTIQUARIES. Sir HANS SLOANE, Bart, profile in the "Literary "Magazine," 1790, Angus sc. Sir Hans Sloane, mez. G. Kneller p. 1736, Fisher SC 1729 Sir Hans Sloane, mez. T. Murray p. Faber sc 1728. Sir Hans Sloane, in the print with Sir Isaac Newton. Sir Hans Sloane, one of the greatest ornaments of the age in which he lived, was a Scotchman by descent, by birth an Irishman, and by education and residence an Englishman; in short, every nation might claim him as a general benefactor to science. Dissatisfied with such a knowledge of botany as he could obtain in the Physic Garden at Chelsea, and with that of anatomy and physic in London, he went to France, where he greatly improved himself in natural history; and after wards, when in the suit of the imprudent Chris topher Monk, duke of Albemarle, governor of Jamaica, he had a new field for investigation, in which he was so indefatigable in his researches, that he brought to England so many unknown species of plants, that even Ray himself wondered JaJJ^ ?°hns,on's " dissertation, on ihe Epitaphs of Pope," are some a? Se end ITT* v -,h,S ™l «,raor(ii"^y exertion tf bfuiatlve tc«e r, at the end of his criticism, on the epitaph of Sir William Trumbul. 3t THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 333 GEOKGE I. CLASS IX. at seeing them : but however modern times may have increased this collection, Sir Hans's merit is by no means eclipsed. This great man practised as a physician in London, where his knowledge, attention, and benevolence, raised him to the height of his profession; and he even prescribed for his sovereigns, Ann, George I. and George II. Queen Caroline admired, and Frederic, Prince of Wales, and his consort, with others of the royal family, visited him, to be gratified with a sight of his collections. The College of Physicians elected him their president, and the Royal Society pre ferred him to their chair. Ray and Boyle, Rad cliffe, Robinson, Sydenham, and Lister, with many ethers, were his friends. Respected, loved, and honoured at home; and the learned abroad corresponded with, and several of them even came toEngland in order to know him personally : besides, his conduct in France had gained the esteem of many eminent men. When he had at tained the age of 80, he divested himself of all his important trusts, his presidencies of the Col lege of Physicians, and the Royal Society, and his engagement at Christ's Hospital, in order to re tire to Chelsea, where he entertained the learned, who flocked to him. Though he wished to be considered only as the private gentleman, freed from professional labours, yet even then, none went to consult him without receiving a prescrip tion, whether rich or poor : indeed, his benevo lence seemed as unbounded, as his mind was princely. Accepting the preference given to him in the Will of William Courteen, Esq. he added his vast collection to his own; the conditions, however, made those curiosities a purchase rather than a present. Full of years, but infinitely more of great and good actions, he died, January 11, 1751, at the age of 90, though a spitting of blood in- SS4 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEOllGE 1. CLASS IX. •Kats- ,¦¦ ' ¦ ¦ ", ., rrrr — in his youth seemed to threaten an early death. His remains rest, by his own desire, in the same vault with those of his lady at Chelsea. Dr. Pierce, then bishop of Bangor, afterwards of Rochester, preached his funeral sermon. The Royal Academy in France had admitted him a member, and all the hospitals in London had elected him a governor; besides which, George I. created him a baronet, a distinction the more ho nourable, as being then for the first time conferred upon a physician. His collections, equally valuable and numerous, were such, that the nation may justly boast of possessing them : those he muni ficently bequeathed to his country, for 2O,O00Z, only, to be paid to his family, a sum little, if any thing, more than the intrinsic value of the medals, coins, and ores of the precious metals. Of coins and medals there are 22,000; of books, 50,000; of other things, all excellent in their kind, an equal proportion!!! These formed the original fund Of the British Museum. Posterity must ve- , nerate the memory of Sir Hans for the blessings received from the use of the Peruvian Bark, which he first prescribed and recommended. In person this great naturalist was tall and well-pro portioned; and his features indicated ability and intelligence. The catalogue of his collection has been published, and his own works have also been given to the world. By Elizabeth, daughter of Alderman Langley, of London, whom he married in 1695, and buried in 1724, he had a son and daughter, who died infants; and Sarah and Eliza beth, who became his co-heirs, married to George Stanley, Esq. of Poulton, Hants, and Lord Ca- dogan. William THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 335 GEORGE I. CLASS IX. WILLIAM STUKELEY, in chiaro oscuro, E. Kirk- hall sc. 1723. William Stukeley, oval, large wig, neckcloth, mez. G. Kneller p. 1721, J. Smith sc. 1721, before he took orders, with his arms. William Stukeley, a small medallion, with emble matic figures, the title to his "Itinerarium Curiosum," 1725, fol. William Stukeley, prefixed to the same book, 1776. William Stukeley, in his robes, by Wills. Dr. Stukeley, a native of Holbeach in Lincoln shire, was a man of such various attainments, that it is difficult to depict him, and. even the enume ration of his works would fill pages. He was learned in the languages of the Hebrews, the Greeks, the Romans, and well acquainted with the arts, sciences, and learning of those, and se veral other nations; .indeed, he maybe said to' have long presided over science in Britain. De scended from an ancient and genteel family, he received every advantage of education at Hol beach, and at Bene't College, Cambridge. He vpractised as a physician at Boston, London, and Grantham; and his reputation, as such, was at the height, when he was prevailed upon to take holy orders : after which he became, successively, rec tor, of Somerby; All-Saints, Stamford; and St. George's, Hanover Square, London. He was one of the founders of the societies of Antiquaries, of Spalding, and of the Egyptian Society *; .and was admitted into the Royal Society* which he greatly benefited : besides which, he was many years secretary to that of the Antiquaries, and senior Fellow and Censor of the College of Phy sicians. His thirst for knowledge induced him * The Egyptian Society should be renewed ; it was honoured with the names bf manypersons high in- rank, and great infame : at the head «f these were the Duke of Montague and the late Earl of Sandwich. 336 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEOKGE 1. CLASS IX. to become a free- mason, under an idea/thgt they retained some bf the Eleusinian mysteries, and he was afterwards master of a lodae. He wrote ex- cellently well as a divine, physician, historian, and antiquary, and even as a poet; and his know ledge of our British antiquities, has, perhaps, never been exceeded. He was a good botanist; skilful in, and well elucidated, ancient coins, of which he had a good collection. He drew well, understood mechanics*; a.nd was .so ingenious, that he cut a machine in wood, on the plan of .the jorrery, which showed the mo'tions of the heavenly ibodies, the course of the tides, &c. and a plan of Stonehenge, arranged on a common trencher : in short, his life was spent uniformly in gaining and communicating know ledge. He traced the footsteps of the Romans, as well as explored the temples of the Britons: his wonderful researches in the latter gained him the name of Arch-Druid. Noblemen of the highest rank vied with the. most learned bodies of men in honouring and serving him; and piety, virtue, talents, learning, and industry, united to make Dr. Stukeley the wonder and" admiration of several reigns. Returning from his neat re tirement at Kentish-town to his house in Queen Square, February 27, 1765, he reposed on a couch, as he was accustomed, while his house keeper read to him, who left the room for a short time. On her return he said to her, with a smiling and serene countenance : " Sally, an accident has happened since you have been absent." " Pray, " what is it, Sir?" " No less than a stroke of " the palsy." " I hope riot, Sir." Observing •that she was in tears.'he said, f«Nay, do not weep; " do not trouble yourself/but get some herp to m:!6'?!D* in Strype's London there is. a fiac simile of an an cient, inscription over; the little door, next to the cloister,! in the Temple church, Thisinscrip- tion was in a half circle, the letter, Anglo Saxon capitals. The purport .'of it was, that Heraclius, the patriarch of the- church of the Holy Resur rection in Jerusalem, had dedicated the church to ,*the. Blessed Virgin, with aft indulgence of forty ; days pardon to such who went thither yearly, according to the prescribed penance. This stone •} was destroyed in 1695, by ignorant workmen. Mr. Holmes, a native of Skipton, in Craven, York shire, descended from very poor parents, married the daughter of Mr. Marshall,. a sword-cutler in VJFIeet-street, London, a man of extensive business. Mrs.. Holmes, surviving him, had 200Z. given her :, by the -government, for her husband's manu scripts relative to the records, which were de posited, Jjjld remaining -in his office. They had a son, Mr. George Holmes, who was in the ordnance office, and elected a member of the tSociety of Antiquaries, February 7, 1721; but died at the age of 25, probably a great loss to the learned world. The father having no remain ing issue, his fine collection of books, prints, coins, &c. were sold by auction in .1749. The So ciety 'of Antiquaries were at theexpence of en graving the portrait here mentioned, with' this inscription under it:— "Vera effigies Georgii - " Holmes, generosi R.S.S. et tabularii publici in ,f Turrc LoKDinensi vicecustodis: quo mtinere '', " annos THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 341 GEORGE 1. CLASS IX. .. t'~ ' "" * .... . . — .... .. — .. . -~ " annos circiter LX. summa fide et diligentia per " functus XIV. kalend. Mart. A.D. MDCCXLVIII, , " aetatis siiee LXXXVII. fato demum concessit. " In fratris sui erga se meritorUm testimonium " hanc tabulam Societas Antiquaeiorum Londini. "cujus commod semper promovit sumptu suo " asri incidendam curavit MDCCXLIX." He well deserved this distinction, for no man ever was more able or more willing to serve all who ap- ' plied to him; even in his office he had a pleasure in directing those who came to consult him in their researches: this, Brown Willis; "Dr. Tovey, principal of New Inn Hall, Oxford; Dr. Richard son, editor of "Godwin de presulibus;" acknow ledge, and very many others knew/ by experi ence, to be true. He was particularly conversant in English history, HENRY GALE, oval, arms, mez. I, Whqod,p. 3742. J. Faber sc Q Henry Gale, Esq. a gentleman of very consider able estate, in and near Tauntori Dearie, Somerset shire, and not distantly related to Dr. Gale, dean of Durham, was brought up to the law, but declined practising: his principal pursuit, like that of the dean and his son, was the study "of antiquities, a study that then began to be highly esteemed by the learned in England. Mr. Gale had, besides, a taste for polemical divinity; and attacked Dr. Wall upon his Treatise respecting Infant Baptism. He had chambers in the King's 'Bench Walk in the Inner Temple, where he re sided when he came to town. He died in 1742, according to Bromley ; but I do not find his death mentioned in that year, in the " Gentleman '5 " Magazine" Z 3 CROMWELL 342 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGB I. CLASS IX. CROMWELL -MORTIMER, sitting at a table, on which is an owl, two portraits in the back-ground of Cromwell and Mortimer, (lines from Pope,) Rigciu sculp. $ Cromwell Mortimer, M.D. was the third, but second surviving son of John Mortimer, Esq. F.R.S. author of " The whole Art of Husbandry," published in Svo, 1708 and 1765. His father had three wives, Dorothy, daughter of Richard Crom well, once Protector of these kingdoms," who died at the age of twenty. May 14, 1681, in childbed; Blanch, daughter of Sir James Tibbets, Knt. sur veyor of the navy; and surviving hen*, he married Elizabeth, daughter of Samuel Saunders, of Der byshire, Esq. All his children were by the second marriage; but in remembrance of his first al liance, our physician received the baptismal name of Cromwell. The Mortimers were a family as celebrated for their good sense, as they were memorable for their love of expensive experi ments in the sciences. Cromwell's father, origi nally a merchant on Tower Hill, might, had he continued there, have gained as much as his father and grandfather, both named Mark, had lost by the inundation upon their estates in Somersetshire ; but hating the tame track of tra.de, he launched into all the reveries of experiment in husbandry. He, however, left his estate of Toppinghall, in Hatfield-Peverell, Essex, to Samuel, a counsellor, his eldest son, at his death. Cromwell Fellow of the College of Physicians, had hit father's propensity, but chose a greater range of science, and was elected secretary to the Royal Societv; to whose vo lumes he gave many curious papers. On the 21st of March, 1734, he was admitted a member of the • Society THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 343 -'¦-¦ * -¦ ¦ - - ¦ ; ¦ ¦ ' ¦-¦ - ' ' ", ,./_, ,' J , , _'!. .* ? GEORGE I. CLASS IX. ¦ ¦ — — -¦ ¦¦ ¦ ¦¦¦¦/¦¦»¦¦¦ , ¦¦ , , ; „¦ — , , , » i—i ¦-- - - Society of Antiquaries; and became a member, and regular correspondent of the Gentlemen's Society at Spalding in Lincolnshire : Mr. John son, the founder, sent him the history of the origin of the society, and many curious particu lars of the Society of Antiquaries^ which were intended to have been published. Cromwell ob tained his brother's estate at Topping-Hall, Mo- rant says, by purchase from his brqther, but ac cording to Mr. Bowyer, by devise : I should sup pose the former to be correct. Dying at that seat, January 7, 1752, he was, says the author of Rowyer's Life, buried in the parish church, where there is an epitaph; which, however, is npt given by Moran-t, nor in the 8vo. subsequent History of Essex. His son, Hans Mortimer, Esq. pf that place, conveyed the seat to the late Earl of Abefcorn, pf upright n%emory, where he did the queen the honour to entertain Her Majesty, when she came to make the British monarch and his subjects happy. Mr. Hans Mortimer afterwards had a seat at Cawjdtharp, near Burton upon Trent; but what particular reason the wag had, s who pourtrayed the physician with an owl be fore, and old Noll behind him, I have not dis covered. He might, '.as a physician, a philosopher, and an antiquary, be allowed to look very grave; but he seems to' have nothing of a Cromwell but the name. There is a curious letter of his in the " Reliquiae Galeanse;" and the indes to Wil- loughby's plates of fishes, was compiled by him. His letter, dated-, Dartmouth-street, Westmin ster, 1744, and circulated, seems to partake of the coxcomb and the quack : it gives us but a poor opinion of his wealth at that time; as a cu rious relick it is deservedly printed in the" Gen- " tleman's Magazine" for November, 1779, Z 4 THOMAS 344 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEOKGE I. CLASS IX. THOMAS , HEARNE, M.A. own 'hair, Mo, M, Burghers sc. Thomas Hearne, M.A. two plates, 1723 and 1729, Mo. P. Tillemansp. Vertue sc ',¦;•'¦ Thomas Hearne, M.A. 8vo. Fertue sc , ¦ Thomas Hearne, M.A.wholeilength, 8vo. Vertue sc, Thqmas Hearne, M.A. Mo. mez. Thomas Hearne, M-A- a small oval, in the title- page to the Catalogue to his Library. Thomas Hearne, M.A, small square, Parr sc,. This most diligent of antiquaries, was born at Littlefield Green in the parish of White Waltham, Berks, where his father, George Hearne, was parish-clerk, and resided in the vicarage-house. The elder Hearne was more intelligent- than the class of country Aniens generally are; and taught the village school; and paid no'reht, provided he instructed eight boys in reading, writing,' arith metic, and the Latin' grammar. The germ of re search lay concealed in the parent, who never had an opportunity of exploring the dust of an tiquity like' his" son; but I am inclined to think, that young Hearne received the first bids for this particular study-under his parentalroof. Tho mas was sent as an assistant in the kitchen of the learned aiid pious Francis Cherry, Esq. but the youth was by no means -formed to shine in this department of taste; consequently he became the ridicule of his party-coloured brethren, as one ungain iri his person," 'clownish in his manners, with his "nose always in a book." Complaints ' were frequently made that Hearne would not even - clean' the ;knives.: Mr. Cherry, whose kindn'ess L' would ;not suffer him to dismiss any servant with out examining into the whole of his QOndUct, found, on ¦e'h'qtiiry, that"1 this scrub of his kitchen possessed a mind far above his station; upon which THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 345 GliORGE I. CLASS IX. ... which he boarded him at his father's, and paid for ' his education at Bray, three long miles from Wal tham. His improvement was. very rapid; and Mr. Cherry, greatly pleased at the recommendation of thelearned Mr. Dodwell, received the youth again1 to his own house, not as a servant, but as ' one he patronized. When seventeen years of ; age, this' worthy man entered him at Edmund- !' Hall, Oxford, where his diligence was wonderful; and he was even then able' to collate Greek ma nuscripts. Vulgar, linsbcial, and vehement iri tory principles, he abhorred all who supported the line of Brunswick; and he grew much sourer after losing' his place in the Bodleian library, on ac- 1 count of the virulence both of his religious and political tenets. He afterwards lived, and was known only to a few, though ridiculed byjnany: yet, the scholar, the historian, and the antiquary, are much indebted to Hearne, who might be Said to have no relations but manuscripts; no acquaint ance but dusty parchments; nor progeny, but edited fragments of antiquity. After a life of .labour, care, and perplexity, from intense ap plication and illiberal manners, he died at Ed mund-Hall, June 10, 1735, aged 57; and was attended by a Roman Catholic priest, who gained admission to him, after his refusal of a nonjuring clergyman. His remains were deposited in the cemetery of St. Peter's in the East, in Oxford, where they are protected by a low-raised tomb, repaired in 1754 by Richard Rawlinson, LL.D. R. and A.S.S. a fellow labourer in antiquities. The epitaph has Deut. xxxii. verse, 7, and refers to Job viii. verses 8, 9, and 10*. It was generally * The original inscription was designed only to have had, " Enquire, I If PR iy thee," as a conclusion to his fame, 'late of his death and age; bat the stone-cutter having put the whole, the executor had the stone turned, Pr.R.awIinson saw the reverse brought to light, when it was repaired, and jaculted in restoring if, entire tp public notice. thought M6 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEOKGB I. CLASS IX. thought he had been poor, for his religion and politics prevented his receiving universtiy emolu ment : however, by his industry, aided by mqde- - ration and frugality, he gained much more than he wanted, and left a considerable sum of money behind him. But his best treasure was his manu scripts, which he bequeathed to Dr. William Red- ford, who sold them to Dr. Rawlinson : they then came into the hands of Moore Chester Hall, Esq. of Wickford, Essex, and, at his death, were the pro perty of his widows,but since that period no traces can be discovered of them. This singular man, Ibe- lieve, never had the curiosity to visit London. He wrote, his own life, which is printed with Le- , land's and Wood's, and Parr has given it in a small pamphlet, with verses from the Dunciad, on the four sides of his portrait; yet the note on the lines disclaims Pope's intending it for him. I. have a good copy of Vertue's print by R. Han cock, but without the name; a print, I believe, never sold. The satirical print by Vertue, of An tiquary Hall, representing Tom Hearne, Humphry , Wanley, — —Whiteside, and James West, is well knowti. There is also a wood cut, with a Ro man and antique inscription on stones: it is a kind of caricature ; beneath it, in manuscript, are the well-known lines : P--x on't, quoth Time to Thomas Hearne, Whatever I forget you learn. D-, — _n it, quoth Hearne, in furious fret, * Whate'er I learn you soon f'oraet* His person was well described by Mr. Cherry's '.daughter, the late extraordinary Mrs. Berkley, who was as great a Curiosity as even Hearne him- " + Mr; Grander notices a ridiculous print of him, which was engraven at Oxford, and only six, it is said, were worked off. He is represented between two printers, at a public house, whene the floor is paved with sheeps' boiie^ mistaken by h.™ for a Roman pavement ; he adds also, the circumstance is noticed in the Oxford » Samag.c," but I do not observe it in that collection. ; «I,ort* self- THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 34? GEOKGB I. CLASS IX. ' self.—" Of all the lumber-headed, stupid-looking . " beings, he had the most stupid appearance, not " only in his countenance, (generally the index' " of the mind,) but in his every limb. No neck; " his head looking as if he was peeping out of a " sack of corn ; his arms short and clumsy, re- " markably ill placed on his body; his legs ditto, " as, I think, is evidently seen in a print which " my mother had of him. In short, I have w©n- " dered that such a looking being should have " been admitted (as a servant) into a genteel " family." RICHARD GRAVES, pointing to an ancient deed, fol. Vertue sc.*-- Richard Graves, Esq. of Mickleton in the county of Gloucester, was a great admirer of an tiquity; and though it does not appear that he ever published himself, yet he contributed much to the labours of those who did, particularly Hearne, of congenial mind, who, in the preface to his "Johan de Preckelowe," informs the reader, that "his egregious friend, Richard Graves, of' " Mickleton, died, to his (Hearne's) great regret, " and after a short illnes, 18th September, 1729, " aged 53." Mr. Graves was well acquainted with the antiquities of England; and a great number of his papers relative to the history of Worcestershire, were given by his son to James West, Esq. which are now in the possession of the Marquis of Lansdown : this son was author of the " Festoon," a poetical work, which con tains a copy of verses, written in 1740, addressed to Morgan Graves, Esq. on the improvement of his garden, at Mickleton, the family estate. * The copperplates of this gentleman, another Richard, and John, were Communicated fo Dr. Nash by' the present wortliy representative of this an- aient fajnily, for his History of Worcestershire, where their portraits are Severally inserted^ they having connexions with that county, and occasionally 1 Blade it their residence. „ . „ THOMAS 3^ THE HISTORY OF. ENGLAND. GtOUGl! 1. CLASS. IX. THOMAS SADLER, profile, motto, " Nil conscire " sibi," Mo. A. Pond sc ad vivum, 1739. > Thomas Sadler, Esq. the antiquary, was the grandson of John Sadler, Esq. a master in chan cery during, the Usurpation; the Protector, Oli ver, valued him so highly, that he offered; to give ~him the chief justiceship of the province of Munster in Ireland, with a salary of 1000/. per annum, which he refused. His grandmother was of the family of Trenchard, who disliked Charles II. as much as the Sadlers had Charles I. This gen tleman's father was a second son, bred to his fa ther's profession in Lincoln's Inn, and showed an equal ardour against the court. Lord Russell and the Duke of Monmouth admitted him into their confidence; but it is probable | his politics in jured his interest, for, in the decline of life, ;he suffered much inconvenience in his fortunes. That which had been his amusement became the means of lessening his pecuniary embarrassments. Sir Peter Lely, who was his intimate friend, gave himinstructions, and he made a great proficiency in painting: besides, he amused himself in. taking miniatures; and at length employed himself for money, as he before had done merely for plea sure : he even ventured to paint portraits. One pf the latter, representing John Bunyan, has been given to the public in mezzotinto. This is Lord Orford's relation; but Granger's notes sav, that Mr. Sadler was educated at the expence of Dr. Sydenham; and that he was many years domestic steward to the Earl of Salisbury, in whose house he practised the art, To reconcile these different accounts, I imagine that he must have practised painting during his Intimate acquaintance with Lely; that lie attached himself to Lord Russell, .. AIT Wi THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 349 GEORGE 1. CLASS IX. and the Duke of Monmouth, and they being cut off, he found it necessary to leave the law. Dr. Sydenham, to favour a young, ingenious, unfor tunate man, advised him to pursue the bent of his taste, and supported him for some time, to effect it; he then went into the noble family of Cecil, and afterwards painted professionally: but the time of his death does not appear to be no ticed by any writer. Thomas Sadler, Esq. the antiquary, his son, deputy-clerk of the pells under Sir Edward Walpole, also distinguished himself as a person of taste; made drawings; and formed a fine collection of agates, shells,: &c. which were sold at his death, January 3, 1754. Mr. Granger supposed the print represented the father, but the date evidently proves that it must be the son's portrait. , NATHANIEL OLDHAM, wh. length, with a gun, mez. G. Highmore p. J. Faber sc. Granger says, the proofs of this print, without the inscription, have been sold for Lord Craven. Nathaniel Oldham, Esq. of Ealing in Middle sex, the son of a dissenting minister, obtained a very considerable fortune from a relation, which he spent in the utmost frivolity, but chiefly in purchasing all softs of curiosities; though, having 'little or no taste, his collection was a set of whim sical gimcracks, more than an assemblage of ra rities deserving the attention of men of science. This folly ruined him ; and he perceived his error when too late to amend it. He had entertained the singular idea of commencing the sale of toys, with a label over his 'door, "Oldham's last" Shift;" biit an unrelenting creditor sent him to the ' King's Bench prison, where, I suppose, he died a : melancholy example of a misapplication of ta lents. HVMPHRY 350 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEOHGE 1. CLASS. IX HUMPHRY WANLEY, oval, his own hair, neck cloth, mez. T. Hillp. 1717, J. Smith sc. 1718. Humphry Wanley, F.R. and A.S.S. son of the Rev. Nathaniel Wanley, vicar of Trinity, Church, Coventry, who wrote " Microcosmosj or, the "Wonders of the little World, "was barn March21, 1671-2, and placed in some mechanical business; but this situation, if not neglected;, was at least disliked. All the time he could command was ' employed in searching for, and reading ancient manuscripts, which by copying and imitating, he acquired a particular facility in judging of their authenticity arid dates. Dr. Lloyd, Bishop of Worcester, much -pleased with so extraordinary a taste in so young a person, sent him to Edmund- Hall, Oxford, where he was enabled to assist Dr. Mills, the principal, in his collations of the New Testament, who was much hurt, at parting with so promising a genius. He knew but little Latin or Greek when he came to Oxford, and Dr. Mills meant to take him particularly under his care. He removed to University College by the advice of Dr. Charlet, but left the university without a degree; and was introduced, by the pious Mr. Nelson, to the Society for propagating Chris tian Knowledge, in hopes of obtaining him the place of their librarian. But Robert Harley, Earl of Oxford, was at that time in great want of a person capable of arranging his very valuable collection of manuscripts and books, a place "Hearne had declined, when, fortunately, his lord ship heard of Wanley, whom he retained; and no man ever gave greater satisfaction -: insomuch that Lord Harley, his lordship's eldest son and successor, allowed him a pension, and continued him in his situation of librarian till his death. fie THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 351 GEOKGB I. CLASS IX. He was, in general, very faithful to his patrons ; but Humphry sometimes had a selfish fit. He was in the habit of procuring scarce articles for the library. One day he ttent to his lordship's town- house, where several cabinet ministers were as sembled, in consequence, he was desired to wait a few minutes, when he would be admitted. The weather was cold, and Wanley fretted. He medi tated about the price he should ask for his rarity ; a4id determined, through vexation, to increase the sum. At length the peers departed, and he was sent for. " I have a most rare article, my " lord, but it is far too dear: it is the property " 'of a widow, who has two daughters : they Iiave " seen far better days: she would scarce permit " -me to bring it, though I left a promissory note " for the 100/. she demanded in case I did hot " return it." " A hundred pounds, Wanley ! that " 'is a great sum for so small a thing." " It is, " my lord; but you have so often asked me to get it, that I thought I could not do less than " show it your lordship, particularly as it is quite " perfect, and is the only copy known." " It is " a large sum, but, however, I must have it; give " me pen, ink, and paper." A draft was drawn for 100/. but his lordship, in presenting it, said, " Now, Wanley, perhaps you purchased this at " some book-stall.". — Humphry expressed a seem ing surprise, shrugged up his shoulders, and left the book with the peer for what he really did purchase it at a book-stall, sixpence*. The libra rian was a wonderful man> and deserved all he gained, for his knowledge was acquired by in tense application. When only twenty-three years of age he had compiled the Coventry and War- * The Rev. Charles Newling told me this anecdote; he had it from hi* maternal uncle, the antiquary* Clarke, who wrote upon coins, to whom Wan ley, with much, hajaour, related it. wick THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. ..¦¦¦.. i .,. .I ..' GEORGE I. CLASS IX. wick: catalogues ; and Archbishop Tenison" re ceived him, through the recommendation of Dr. Charlet, to superintend the archiepiseopal library. at Lambeth. The incomparable catalogue of Anglo-Saxon, Danish, and Norman manuscripts, preserved in public and private libraries in England, which accompanies Dr. Hicks's Thesau rus, was compiled by Wanley; who arranged the ingenious plan for directing ;the enquiries and pursuits of the Society of Antiquaries, consisting of desiderata in. various branches of antiquities : and he had the principal share in compiling the •Harleian. --catalogue of manuscripts,- published in 2 vols, folio, 1759 : but Mr. Ca-sley, keeper pf the CoUonian library; and Mr. Hooker, deputy^keeper of the records in the Tower; completed it. Wanley died, July 6, 1726, in his 55th year, and was buried in the church of St. Mary le Bonne, under a flat stone. Had poor Wanley lived to be an aged man, it is difficult to say how much we should have been indebted to him; for when ad mitted to the Bodleian Library he made many extracts from the manuscripts; and promised a supplement to Hyde's catalogue of the printed books, which Hearne completed, and Robert Fisher, B.M. published in 1738. He intended, besides, to have written a treatise on the various characters of manuscripts, with specimens to correct Mabillon's, corrupted by the conceits of the engraver. Mr. Bagford says, he entertained a design to print the Scriptures in the Anglo- Saxon language; and we know his .unwearied industry, which he proved by his travels over England to procure the catalogue of the manu scripts subjoined to Hicks's Thesaurus, above mentioned. Let us then forget the foibfes in the Character of this extraordinary man, and his how and THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 353 GEORGE I. CLASS 12t. and then talking upon points he did not under stand, and his habitual pomposity*. There is an original portrait of him in the Bodleian library; and another, half-length, sitting, by Dahl, in the possession of the Society of Antiquaries. JOHN DART, prefixed to his « History of West- " minster Abbey," 1725, fol. mez. J. Faber sc. The Rev. John Dart, a most voluminous au thor, was bred an attorney, but left that profession for the church, to which he afterwards proved a disgrace. He published an edition ofChaucer,soon superseded by Urry's; and he is supposed to have translated Tibullus,a work occasionally noticed by Dr. Grainger, in the elegant translation he made of that author. If he was careless as a translator and publisher, he was still more so as an anti quary; though it is evident, that if he had taken time and pains, he was very competent to have excelled. His " History of Westminster Abbey," in two vols, folio, with engravings, and that of " Canterbury Cathedral," only want accuracy to make -the-m incomparable works-. Had he possessed the patience of Willis, or Willis his taste, they would have been excellent. Honest Gosling, in his Walk round Canterbury, says : — "Mr. Dart came " to see our cathedral, and did see it, most cer- " tainly; but it is one thing to see, and another " to observe." These works sold for less than the engravings were worth. But I suppose him ' * In Wanley's TIarleian Journal, preserved in the library of the Marquis 4)f L4inaow«, there a/e some curious entries, illustrative of his dignity. The'journal begins in March, 1714,15, and is regularly continued till within a fortnight of his death. In Nichols's « Life of Bowyer there : are > some extracts from it, which show us the mock hero.c of this recondite librarian Pope delighted to mimic his and some others' oddities, .'h'°h *» °' J very exactly : the company were convulsed with laugher, but the poet had not a muscle displaced. Vol. III. A a to 354 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE 1. CLASS IX. to have died before the printing of the History of Canterbury Cathedral, in 1726, as it was Sold by J. Cole, en'graver, at the Crown in Great Kirby-street, Hatton Garden; John Hoddle, en graver, in Bridewell Precinct, near Fleet-bridge; and two other persons, who, I suppose, were booksellers. I am the more inclined to think that he died before its publication, because Cole dedicates it to the Archbishop of Canterbury, without mentioning a word of the author; though his name,- as such, is in the title-page. Mr. Dart held the living of Yately in Hampshire.. '> RUBEN HORSALL, in Sfukelcy's "Abury." This honest Amen, of Abury , or Auberjs in Wilts, so much attracted the notice of Dr. Stuke ley, that he has consecrated his fame and his features, grouped with urns, in a Wood-cut, as an oval tail-piece, in his "Abury, a Temple of the British Druids." Horsall, the humble antiquary, was a shoemaker, and died January, 1727-8, aged 77, and was succeeded in his trade and situ ation by his son. The drawing is supposed to have been made by Dr. Stukeley; and the date is. July 29, 1722. ¦ , . . v •-.• MATHEMATICIANS. ABRAHAM de MOIVRE, wig, neckcloth, mez. J. Higham p. 1736, Faber sc. a Mons. De Moivre was born at Vitri in Cham pagne, in May, 1667, and fied to England at the revocation of the Edict of Nantz in 1 685, to pro- , fess the religion of his fathers in security, where he taught mathematics as he had studied the ,JJ r. ... theory THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 355 GEORGE I. CLASS IX. theory in France : but reading Newton's Prin- cipia Mathematica, he became conscious of his want of skill in a science of which he thought himself master. But unwearied diligence enabled him to conquer every difficulty; and he at length attained the high office of umpire between New ton and Leibnitz, to which he was appointed by the Royal Society of London, as, one of their most learned members, and of the Academy of Sciences in Paris. De Moivre appears to have preferred his adopted, to his native country. To France he sent no memoir; but his papers, pub lished in the " Philosophical Transactions," were numerous. He died at London, in November, 1754; and had published several works> as " Mis- " cellanea Analytica de seriebus et quadraturis, &c. 1730, 4to. but his "Doctrine of Chances," so useful to gamesters, has passed through many editions; and his "Treatise of Annuities," dedi cated to Lord Carpenter, has reached the third, and is a useful book to those who wish to sink a sum to improve a small income. Pope knew and noticed this distinguished foreigner : " Sure as De Moivre, without rule or line." NICHOLAS SAUNDERSON, gotera and band, hold ing a sphere, Vr. Bank p. 1719, /. Faber. sc. Nicholas Saunderson, Mo. Vr. Bank pinx. 1719, Vr. Gucht sc. Nicholas Saunderson, Mo. C. Mosley sc I Nicholas Saunderson, mez. Vr. Bank p. G. White sculp. Nicholas Saunderson, in the print with Sir Isaac Nekton, S?c. in Bromley's Catal. Per. vii. Class 7. Nicholas Saunderson, .LL.D. and F.R.S. one of the greatest ornaments of his time, was a na- Aa2 tive 336 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS- IX. tive of Thurlston in Yorkshire, where he was born, in January, 1G82. His father, an exciseman, had a small estate, together with a very large familv. Nicholas, his son, lost his sight when onlv one year old, and even his eyes, which came away by abscesses^ and he had not the smallest recbllection either of light or colours; yet he learned the Greek and. Latin languages at Penniston School, and became a great admirer of the classics, parti cularly Cicero, Virgil, and Horace : besides which, he well understood Euclid, Archimedes, and Dio- phantes, in the original Greek. His father in structed him in figures; and his strong mind; ever active, enabled him, by dint of memory, to make long calculations. RichardWest, Esq. of'Un- derbank, and Dr. Nettleton, admiring the youth, taught him what they well understood, the ele ments of mathematics; but he soon soared above their instruction, and from a pupil, became quali fied to be a tutor. At Attercliffe, a private semi- naryUearSheffield,he might have learned logicand metaphysics; but his taste not leading him that way, and little else being taught there, he left it. .His father no longer able to support him, and his friends equally unable to maintain him at Cambridge, he determined to go there, not as a 1 scholar, but as a teacher. Accordingly, in 1707, being twenty-five years of age, he went to that university, with Mr. Joshua Dunn, who placed him in his own rooms at Christ's College, where he was a fellow-commoner. The very circum stance of this case excited the attention, the sur prise, and, indeed, the astonishment of all. As the mathematical chair was then filled by Whiston with great reputation, and the science extremely well understood, there seemed no hope of his success. However, compassion pleaded strongly for so wonderful a man, and the college library was THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 307 GEORGE I. CLASS IX. was opened to him. The professor goodnaturedly permitted pupils to attend his lectures. He lec tured from Newton's works; and well explained optics, light, colours, theory of visions, effect of glasses, phasnomena of the rainbow, &c. by the knowledge of lines on geometrical principles. On Whiston's resignation he succeeded to the Lu- casian professorship; to qualify him for which, the university made an application, through their chancellor, to Queen Ann, for giving him the •degree of Master of Arts. If he had surprised Cambridge by his knowledge of mathematics, he astonished them by his inauguration-speech, which was truly Ciceronian, and admirably well delivered. When George II. visited the university he was introduced to him in the senate-house, by the king?s express desire, and by royal favour re ceived the degree of Doctor of Laws. Dr. Saun derson died April 19, 1739, of a mortification in his foot, owing to a general scorbutic humour, which his sedentary life had produced, though he was, by constitution, naturally strong and healthy, and of a large make; but he had be come an unwieldy valetudinarian. He was bu ried, by his own desire, at Boxworth in Cam bridgeshire. Never was there a more wonderful instance of the power of mind. All the philo sophers of the age admired, and lived in friend ship with him. He always expressed the utmost reverence for Newton; acknowledging, that if they varied in opinion, he always found Sir Isaac right upon a full investigation : yet he rather inclined to Halley in, a disbelief, than coincided with Newton in a conviction> of the truth of revelation. When he received an intimation that his death approached, he seemed absorbed in thought, but soon resumed his cheerful vivacity; and ordered the sacrament to be prepared, but a A a '3 delirium S5S THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. , GEORGE I. CLASS. IX. delirium prevented its being administered. Did he affect, as some great wits have done, a supe riority of mind, in not believing with the multi tude? or did death urge him to the truth? It has done so in many instances. As a companion he was courted, but his disposition prevented his having many friends. Witty, but wilful; cheerful, but sarcastic and vehement; he excited but little esteem; He reverenced truth, like Johnson ; and was strictly honest and prudent. He married the daughter of- the Rev. William Dickons, and had issue, a son and daughter. After their nuptials ¦ he took a house in Cambridge, where he resided till his death. His manuscript elements of alge bra, left perfect, were published by subscription, at Cambridge, in two vols. 4to. 1740. Let us adore the greatness and goodness of God, who grants such wonderful attainments to his crea tures, when, by the privation of the organs of sight, it would seem impossible; His hearing and feeling were exquisite: he even perceived the passing cloud; and knew, in a calm, when he passed a tree, by the air. He played well upon the flute, and was so perfectly acquainted with music, that he could distinguish to the fifth part pf a note. He knew the size of a room by sound, and the distance he was from the wall; and if he had once walked over a pavement in a court or piazza which reflected sounds, he knew, when he went again, the exact place he was in. The nicety of his touch was so great, that the least inequality was discernible to him, so that ; he de tected spurious medals, which might escape the eye: biit he could not tell the difference of co loured cloths, silks, or other materials, by the touch; nor did he believe that the man of MaestriCht could. His memory was so tenacious, fhat he remembered any person he had ever con versed THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. .359 GEORGE I. CLASS IX. versed with, if he met them again, by the voice. Saunderson was a prodigy; but he was not a de sirable companion, as he wanted that amiableness of character, without which no One can be be loved, though he may be admired. JAMES HODGSON, left-hand on a sphere, mez. T. Gibson p. G. White sc. James Hodgson, Sw. G. White sc. Mr. James Hodgson, mathematical teacher at Christ's Hospital for forty-eight years, was a Fellow of the Royal Society just half a century; ' and died June 25, 1755, aged 79. He was, un doubtedly, a writer, but I haVe never seen his works, which, it may be presumed, were all on the subject of the mathematics. ' ABRAHAM SHARP, rare, fol. G. Vertue sculp. 1744. Mr. Sharp's ancestors resided at Little Horton fn Yorkshire, and he was son of Mr. John Sharpe, of that place, by Mary Clarkson : his elder brother, Thomas Sharp, M.A. died an incumbent at Leeds, in 1693; and they were related to Dr. Sharp, archbishop of York. Few men have at tained so great an age, for he lived to be 91, and - died in August, 1742; but was superannuated three or four years before his death. Mr. Sharp was -iri high estimation, as a mathematician, with Ftemsteed, and even with Newton : like the latter he lived a bachelor; and he was very amiable in private life, as well as pious, charitable, and hu mane. Mr. Thoresby, who often mentions him, had a declining dial for his library window, made by Sharp; and in his collection of books was Mr. A a 4 Hunt's 360 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS IX. Hunt's " Clavis Stereometrias," with certain pro blems performed by this gentleman : his brother, the clergyman, had much of his taste. Mr. Tho resby possessed a large and curious telescope, the tube of which was turned, and the glasses ground by him. Abraham Sharp's Mathematical Tables were published, and one of his editors called him"The incomparable Mr. Sharp:" adding, that " his tables are sufficient to represent the " circumference of the globe of the earth so truly, "as not to err the breadth of a grain of sand in " the whole !" He was a man of very peculiar ha bits. An apartment adjoining his " caleulation- " room" had an aperture between a window and a cupboard, which might be opened without noise, and there a servant placed food and liquor. When the mathematician felt hunger Or thirst he opened his side, and took what he wanted; but after breakfasting, his dinner and the supper often remained untouched. He had four or five rooms in his house which he kept for different purposes, and into these no servant dafed enter. He admitted no visitors but a mathematical gen tleman from Bradford, and an ingenious physi cian, and was frequently denied to them : they gave the sign of approach, by rubbing a stone against a certain part of the house where they could be heard by him; and if he wished it, he permitted their entrance. Though of an archi- episcopal family, he was a dissenter. On Sundays he went 'to a meeting-house at Bradford, where he distributed his halfpence : having plenty of these, he suffered them singly to be taken out of his hand, which he held behind him, so that he neither saw, nor asked the persons receiving any questions. In person he was of the middle sta ture, very, thin; and seemed always of a weakly ponstitution. CHARLES THE HIST6RY OF ENGLAND. - 361 ; ] GEOKGB I. CLASS IX. , CHARLES LEADBETTER, oval frame, Mo. H Roberts sc. 1734. Charles Leadbetter, in an oval, cct. 36, scarce, 1717. Mr. Charles Leadbetter was a teacher of the mathematics and dialling in London>, hut. whether he wrote upon these subjects I am not certain. Bromley says he died in 1744, yet I do not find his name in any obituary of that year. TYCHO WING, in a cap, holding a sphere, mez. Vr. Bank p. 1736, G. White sc. Tycho Wing was undoubtedly the son of the astrologer Vincent Wing, whose life Gadbury wrote, and whose name still lives, and may it . long live, in his almanack. Vincent died Sep tember SO, 1668, Tycho's history is but little known, as no kind friend has become his bio grapher, yet he was a man of some consequence in the city of London. His portrait is one of the few which adorn Stationers' Hall, and the com pany wished to have had a painting of the father also : but, as there was no portrait of him extant, the late Mr. Lockyer Davis, of Holborn, an emi nent bookseller, when master of the company, presented them with a print, taken from his ", Astronomia Britannica," 1665, mentioned by Granger, which is accordingly placed theje. WILLIAM SMITH, four verses, mez. I know no more of this William Smith, than that he was a philomath, or lover of the mathe matics.; and, I suppose, published some work upon that science. GEOMETRICIAN. 362 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEOKGE I. CLASS IX. 'GEOMETRICIAN. HENRY WILSON, prefixed to his " Geodesia Go 's tenis, or surveying by the Chain only," 1732, 8vo, R. Cole sc •- "<¦'". Mr. Wilson, the geometrician, was born, ac-> cording to Ames, in 1678, at Pickering in York shire; but he does not mention the time of his death, nor is he noticed by Granger. AN ASTROLOGER. THOMAS WESTON, mez. M. Dahl p. Faber se. 1723. ' Mr. Weston was a mathematician, according to Bromley, or rather, I believe, an astronomer; be cause Granger says, near him. in the print is Lec- tiones Astronomicce. Bromley adds, that he died in 1752; but I do not find his death any where mentioned Under that year, MISCELLANEOUS AUTHORS. HENRY BARHAM, 8vo. Vertue sc. 1722. Henry Barham, Esq. F.R.S. was remarkable for his ze"al for supplying England with silk, in its raw state. In order to accomplish this purpose he obtained a small colony of silk-worms, by having the eggs of those insects sent to him from Languedoc in France : the eggs became worms, and the worms produced silk. He was so pleased with the prospect of 'enriching the king dom, that he sent Sir Hans Sloane the result of his THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 363 GEOIIGE I. CLASS IX. his experiments, and his observations upon them; and it appears he actually had silk made from his plantation. I believe his colony was afterwards settled at Chelsea; and it served to show the possibility of the thing, which by no means an swered upon a great scale. In France silk has been made by raising supplies of spiders; but Heaven forbid that the black race should be fur ther increased in Britain : yet they are excellent breeders, especially in old houses. As to the silk-worms, the scheme might very well have an swered here, if Mr. Barham could have, contrived to alter one trivial matter, which he seems to have overlooked, to change our climate. He died about the year 1727, aged 50 years. There are, I believe, in the " Philosophical Transactions," some papers of his, besides this on silk-worms. WILLIAM MARKHAM, 8vo. This person was probably a schoolmaster, and author of some small works on arithmetic or grammar, to which his portrait is prefixed. JAMES PUCKLE, N.P. 'prefixed to his " Club," a Dialogue, 1733, 12mo. J. Clostermanp. J. Cole sc. James Puckle, prefixed to the same, second edition, 1723, 12mo. J. Clostermanp. G. Vertue sc. James Puckle, same plate reduced, and motto added under the arms, G. Vertue sc. Mr. Puckle, a notary-public in chambers, pos sessed, at one time, great reputation for inte grity; but probably the love of scribbling se duced him from what was more proper for his situation, than becoming a writer out of his chambers. His " Club, or grey Cap for a green * " Head," 364 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. ' GEORGE I. CLASS IX. --i ... ¦ ¦ : -'¦ '¦ - — ¦¦¦- ::':,'. .i ... ¦,.:.:.¦ ,- , ,-,, ., " Head," a dialogue between a father and his son, probably had a great sale, from, the different editions. Bromley says, the first was published in 1723, but there is one prior to that; period, pub lished in 1711. He wrote, besides, "The Path '•' to Wealth and Honour;" and was living at least as late as 1733, when the fifth edition of his " Club" made its appearance. MAURICE SHELTON, of Barningham in Suffolk, Anonymous, M. Vr. Gucht sc The true effigies of the author, taken froni an original painting of Mr. Joseph Rrook, of St. Edmund's Bury in ihe county of Suffolk i painter, with his single coat of arms, truly emblazon 'd, prefixed to his " Essay on Nobi- " iky," 1720. The Sheltons, a respectable family, resided at Barningham in Suffolk. The Maurice Shelton, of that place, Gent, mentioned by Blome in his " Britannia," was probably an ancestor of this author. The essay above mentioned was first pub lished, in a thin octavo, in 1718, without a name, which the author extended to two volumes of the samesize,in 1720; this second edition was likewise anonymous, and printed for the author : but to the latter his portrait, with arms, but no other desig nation of the writer, was prefixed; the work itself is not common. WHITLOCKE BULSTRODE, prefixed to his " Me- " lempsychOsis," 8vo. G. Kneller p. Cole sc Whitlocke Bulstrode, Esq. was one of those whimsical characters who love singularity for sin gularity's sake : he even published an attempt to revive the Pythagorean system of the transmigra tion •THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 365 .. . GEOKGB I. CLASS IX. ^^^ tion of souls; and Stackhouse has given some extracts from it in his translation of Chinese Tales. Addison dilates finely upon the fancy of the Me- ' tempsychosis, in his three hundred and forty-third Spectator. Mr. Bulstrode wrote besides, a vo lume of Essays, and, I believe, some other things : he died in 1723, aged 73. SCOTCH AUTHOR. JOHN ARBUTHNOT M-D- prefixed to " Swift's " Works," 12mo. G. Vertue sc. John Arbuthnot, M.D. an oval, 8vo. A. Rellsc. Dr. Arbuthnot, of an ancient and honourable family in Scotland, one branch of which is en nobled, was the son of an episcopal clergyman, and born at a place of the same name, near Mon trose in Kincardineshire. Educated at Aberdeen ' for the medical profession, he came into England without money or friends. All his riches were confined to his Doctor's degree: for his father being a nonjuror, and living upon his small patrimony, was incapable of providing for his children. Our northern man of physic first went to Dorchester, a charming situation, where the air is salubrious and the environs beautiful : but he staid no length of time there. A neighbour met him galloping to London, and asked him why he went thither : "To leave your confounded place, where " I can neither live nor die." Mr. William Pate, "the learned woollen draper," gave him an asylum at his house in the metropolis, where he did not practise physic, but taught mathematics. An attack upOn Dr. Woodward's Account of the Deluge, without his name, raised the public curiosity; and, in consequence, he re-commenced his profession, - in' which he soon obtained celebrity: besides, his wit 366 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEOKGE I. CLASS IX. wit and pleasantry often assisted his prescriptions, and in some cases superseded the necessity of them. Queen Ann and her illustrious consort ap pointed him their physician; and the Royal Society elected him a member, whose example was fol lowed by the College of Physicians : he was af terwards appointed steward • to the Corporation of the Sons of the Clergy. But what has added most to his fame was, his gaining the admiration and friendship of Swift, Pope, and Gay: with them he wrote and laughed. Each had his forte : Swift was a Cynic; Pope, a nettle,stung, and was stung by many; Gay, a child of nature, treated all the world as if he was still serving them with his silks, his satins, and his velvets, upon Ludgate Hill; Arbuthnot, who saw deeply into characters, turned them all into elegant ridicule : so that those who were the subject of it seldom felt his satire. - No man could have a greater number-of friends, or fewer enemies. Yet he did not want energy of character; and could step out of his laughter-loving-vein to strip off the infamous mask from a set of wretches, who robbed the public, under the name of the Charitable Corpo ration; thinking that a mean bribe to the head of the exiled part of the royal family would se cure their indemnity: but he nobly disdained to share the peculation. Arbuthnot, who could do all things well but walk, at length declined in health,_though his mind remained sound till the last. He long had wished' for death to release him from a complication of disorders, as he de clared himself tired with " keeping so much bad " company." A few weeks before his decease he wrote, " I am as well as a man can be who is "gasping for breath, and has a house full of men " and women unprovided for." Leaving Hamp stead, he breathed his last at his residence in Cork- street, THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND, 357 GEORGE I. CLASS IX. street, Burlington Gardens, February 27, 1734-5, universally regretted. He was a man of such humanity and benevolence, that Swift said to Pope :- — " O that the world had but a dozen Ar- ture is so full of hyperbole, that it deserves' equal discredit with the story of the Due de la Force having purchased, and being unable to pay for it, through his losses in the Mississippi bubble, when he is said to have returned it, with a large present. It is added, that the painter brought it to England, where he refused a considerable sum of money for it; and actuated by the same piety which occasioned the son of the regent to destroy all the indecent representations his father had col lected, Arlaud dissected his Leda at Geneva; but the devotees of paganism purchased the anatomical" parts at an extravagant rate. This account of the Leda is, undoubtedly, highly exaggerated; how ever, we may, and indeed we ought to believe it to have been a very fine performance. We have some of his works in England. The Duchess of Montagu, who was youngest daughter and co heiress of John Montagu, duke of Montagu, by Lady Mary Churchill, youngest daughter and co-' heiress of the great Duke of Marlborough, had a portrait of her father, when young, and another of her maternal grandfather, the hero, both in water colours, by Arlaud, who was highly valued by our countrymen, as the valuable medals he re ceived as presents, evinced, which he showed with an holiest gratitude and exultation, afterhis. final residence at Geneva, where he died May 25, 1743. The celebrated Count Hamilton, so well known as the narrator of Count Grammont, wrote a small poem, addressed to Arlaud, on his portrait of 'the sister of James II. Bretherton's portrait of him is a disgrace to his graver. j LOUIS THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. '373 GEORGE I. CLASS X. LOUIS LA GUERRE, in Lord Orford's "Painters," with C. Jervas and B. Lens, A. Rannerman sc. This artist was a Catalan by descent, a Parisian by birth, the god-son of Lewis XIV. and a fa vourite with William III, La Guerre was educated for the priesthood, but a hesitation in his speech . occasioned his preceptors, the Jesuits, to recom mend hin to follow the arts, to which he was de voted; as his father-in-law, John Tijore, the iron , balustrade founder, bad been, who said, " God " had made him a painter, and there left him :" alluding to that simplicity of character that for bade his ever seizing the advantages that present ed themselves lo him. Having studied at the Royal Academy, under Le Brun, he came to Eng land in 1683, with Ricard, when both were em ployed by Verrio. His education had made him sufficiently master of allegory and history; and he was not more than twenty when he ob tained considerable reputation, by performing the greatest part of the painting at St. Bartholo mew's Hospital : besides which, the ceilings and stair-cases of several noble's bouses record his merit, particularly the saloon at Blenheim. If Thornhill robbed him of St. Paul's cupola, Knel ler, (though perhaps from pique toThornhill,) preferred him to paint his stair-case at Witton, which he did, as if painting for the eye of a ; master, and his brush was guided by gratitude. Thornhill again obtruded himself to La Guerre's 'detriment, who being a director of an academy of painting in London, hoped to succeed, as go- veror, on Kneller's resignation; but Thornhili obtained the situation. His principal works are, the Labours of Hercules, in chiaro oscuro, painted in the apartments at Hampton-Court, allotted to B b 3 him 374 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS. X. him by William III. for whom he repaired the valuable picture, the Triumph of Julius Cassar, by Andrea Mantegna; which he did in a masterly manner, by imitating the original, instead of new-clothing them with vermilion and ultrama rine : an injudicious mode that, Lord Orford re marks, even Carlo Maratti adopted with respect to Raphael's works. Queen Ann wishing to have a suit of tapestries on the Union, he was ordered to prepare drawings, in which Her Majesty and the principal ministers of both kingdoms were to be introduced: those were completed; but the design was deferred till it was too late to be at tempted. There is, however, an engraving of the queen, and all the great men of both king doms who had promoted that common blessing. His son John, resigning the pencil, sung upon the stage. La Guerre, then declining with the dropsy, went to the theatre in Drury-lane to hear him; when, probably, greatly agitated, he. died before the " Island Princess" began. This event occurred April 20; 1721, and his remains were in terred in the cemetery of St. Martinis in the Fields. He seems to have been greatly esteemed as an^ obliging, unoffending man. As member of a society of virtuosi, who met in Drury-lane, he generously painted round their room, a Baccha nalian procession, in chiaro oscuro. The younger La Guerre is supposed, by Lord Orford, to have become a scene painter; but he died very poor, in March, 1746. His set of prints of "Hob in the Well" had a great sale. This mode of ornament ing the grand apartments of our palaces and noblemen's houses was, perhaps, driven out of fashion, by Pope's well-known lines : " On painted ceilings you devoutly stare, "Where sprawl the saints ofVerrio and La Guerre!" Though the History of England. 375 GEO RGB I. CLASS X. Though, indeed, the goddesses frequently there represented, were taken from the heathen 'mytho logy, and are not calculated to inspire the be holder with any ideas of devotion ! FRANCIS PAUL FERG, a circular frame, F. P. Ferg p. F. Ranse sc. It would be doing injustice to poor Ferg not to mention him in the words of Lord Orford :— " Ferg was born at Vienna, in 1689; was a " charming painter, who had composed a manner " of his own, from various Flemish painters*, " though resembling Polenburgh most, in the " enamelled softness and mellowness of his co- " louring : but his figures are greatly superior; " every part of them is sufficiently finished, every " action expressive. He painted small land- " scapes, fairs, and rural meetings, with the most " agreeable truth : his horses and cattle are not " inferior tq Wouverman's; and his buildings " and distances seem to owe their respective " softness to the intervening air, not to the pen- " cil. More faithful to nature than Dennef, he " knew how to omit exactness, when the result " of the whole demands a less precision in p'arts. " This pleasing artist passed twenty years here, " but little known, and always indigent : un- " happy in his domestic life : he was sometimes " in prison, and never at ease at home; the con- " sequence of which was dissipation. He died " suddenly in the street, one night, as he wasre- " turning from some friends, about the year " 1738, having not attained his fiftieth yean He " left four children." , - * "Hans; Graffs Orient; and lastly,- Alexander Thiele, painter of the " court of Saxony, who invited him to Dresden, to insert small. figures in " landscapes. Ferg went thence into Lower Saxony, and painted fjjr the " Duke of Brunswick, and for the gallery of Saltzdahl." B b 4 JOHN 376 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I, : CLASS X. JOHN VANDREBANK, mez. G. White sc. ' Vandrebank, or, as his name was afterwards written, Vanderbank, is said to have been an Englishman, but if so, certainly of Dutch extrac tion. It, however, appears most likely that he was a native of this kingdom, or his master, if he had learnt his art abroad, would have probably been noticed. The number of portraits engraved from his paintings, prove how greatly he was. esteemed : indeed his reputation for freedom in drawing stands very high. He designed, we ma}' suppose, as well as painted; because we have a set of plates, drawn by him, for Don Quixote. I do not know any subject that better deserves the attention of an artist, but the designer should have no small share of humour; besides which, he ought to know the costume of Spain, and partis cularly the period in which the knight is pre sumed to have achieved his actions of never-; fading renown. Mr. Vandrebank died of a con sumption, in Holies-street, Cavendish Square, London, December 23, 1739, when not more than 45 years of age; and. may be safely pro nounced to have been a great loss to the arts. He had a brother, a painter; as was his cousin, Samuel Barker, who, unfortunately, died very young, .in 1727. He imitated Baptist, in fruit and flowers,, extremely well. PETER MONAMY, in Lord Orford's "Painters," Bretherton sc. Peter Monamy, holding a sea-piece, as in the last, mez. J. Stubby p. Faber sc, 1731. IVfonamy was a British subject though not a ^nton, being a native of the island of Jersey; whence THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 377 GEORGE I. CLASS X. whence he came to England to be apprenticed to a sign and house painter, who resided on London Bridge. Lord Orford says, " the shallow waves, " that rolled under his window, taught young " Monamy what his master could not teach him, " and fitted him to imitate the turbulence of the " Ocean." I, however, am rather inclined to believe he felt all the majesty of the scene around }iinf», when a boy, before he left Jersey; and his feelings might be renewed during casual visits to his friends, while in his apprenticeship. The sign painters of London were, at that time, far superior to the present, yet Monamy must have had great force of mind to have excelled. In Painters' Stainer's Hall there is a large piece by him, painted in 1726; but he died in the beginning of 1749, at his house in Westminster. Swannie, of Stretton Ground, Westminster, his disciple, and bred under him, was an excellent painter of moon-light pieces. LOUIS CHERON, in D'Argenville's " Peiulres/' Vol. IV. Aubert sc. Louis Cheron, son of the enamel painter, Henry Cheron, was born at Paris, in ]660; studied in Italy; and fled to England for his religion, in 1695. The Duke of Montagu employed him at Boughton; as he was also at Burleigh and at Chatsworth. But finding himself eclipsed by Baptist, Rousseau, and La Fosse, he commenced painting small historical pieces; but his most profitable employment was designing for painters and engravers.' Vandrebank, Vandergucht, Simp son, Kirkhall, and others, were benefited by his drawings, which some prefer to his paintings. He was, undoubtedly, a man of various talents : for fee etched several of his own designs, which his pupil, 378 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEOKGB I. CLASS. X. ,., ' ' -' ' - ¦ ¦ ' -—¦¦¦¦ r1-1 : " pUpil, Gerard Vandergucht, retouched with his burin; but towards the end of his life he etched, from his own drawings, a suit of twenty-two small prints for the Life of David, which P. F. Giffarr, a Parisian bookseller, used for the Psalms in metre, published in 1715. This industrious and respectable man died of an apoplexy, in 1713, at his lodgings in the Piazza, Covent Gar den, from whence his remains were taken, and deposited in the porch of St. Paul's, opposite the Piazza. He gave 201. per annum, by his will, to his female servant; but the rest of his property he bequeathed to his relations, and in charities. He had, some time before, sold his drawings from Raphael, and his academy figures, to the Earl of Derby, for a large sum of money. PETER TILLEMANS, in Lord Orford's "Painters," II. Hysing p. T. Chambers sc. Tilleman's father was a diamond cutter: he chose painting as his profession; but he had no opportunities of improving himself, his diligence being lost upon copying bad masters. Turner, a picture dealer, brought him, and his brother- in-law, Casleets, to England, in 1708 : when the former was set to copy Bourgognon and other masters, he gained great credit, particularly in preserving the spirit and freedom of Teniers., Landscapes with small figures, sea-ports, and views, engaged his pursuit, till fame proclaimed his merit; he then exchahged those subjects for views of seats, Huntings, races, and horses, in which he excelled : in consequence, he was par ticularly caressed in the west and north of Eng land, and in Wales. He drew many of the em bellishments for Mr. Bridges's intended History qf Northamptonshire; but his principal patrons were the THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 379 GEORGE 1. CLASS X. the Duke of Devonshire and Lord Byron. At New- stede Abbey, the seat of the latter, he was pecu liarly happy : surrounded by the works of art with in, and a fine sceneiy without, and his noble host a disciple, who highly credited his master. There are two long prints of horses and huntings, de signed and etched by him, dedicated to these two peers. He was prevailed upon, with Joseph Goupy, to paint a set of" scenes for the opera, and they were greatly applauded. Tillemans,long affected with an asthma, chiefly resided at Richmond; but he died at the house of his employer, Dr. Macro, at Nor^ ton in Suffolk, December 5, 1734, aged about 50, and was buried in the church of Stow-Langtoft. This artist cannot but greatly interest us; and ought to stimulate young painters who have had few advantages, to imitate him, by evincing, that perseverance will do much in correcting early mistakes in their profession, if they afterwards obtain better models. ANTHONY WATTEAU, fol. A. Watteau p. F. Boucher sc. Anthony Watteau, in Lord Orford's "Painters" W. Hibbert sc Anthony Watteau, wh. length, playing on the bass viol, fol. Watteau p. Tardieu sc This French painter, studying the taste of his countrymen, and especially those in the environs of Paris, introduced all his figures, whether rural or military, just in the cast of character that they 'might be found in that place: even the trees are trimmed to Parisian taste; and the very sheep are taught to look like sheep of breeding. But if he raised his villagers, his trees, and sheep; to the exquisite taste of the gay French capital, he Ibwered his nymphs to that easy familiarity that J belongs 3.80 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS X." belongs only to the fille de chambre. In a word, W.atteau thought the people of Paris and its neighbourhood had much improved all nature's works; and he was willing that posterity should know that he was not ignorant of the discovery. .He came to England as an invalid rather than as a painter : his voyage being to consult Dr. Mead, who*cured, and employed him in painting two, pictures, which were disposed of at the sale of his collection : the subjects are, a Pastoral Conversa- , tion, and a Company of Italian Comedians, both of which were engraved by Baron. At Althorpe . is a Drunken Feast, and its companion, whieh Granger says are admirable; and Sir Joshua Rey nolds speaks highly of his French gallantries. IZACK VOGELSHANGK, a small etching, J. Vo- gelshangkp. C. V. Noorde sc. 1754. Vogelshangk, a landscape painter, came frqm the continent to the British Isles. In Ireland he met with great encouragement, whence he went to Scotland; but not being successful there, he, settled in London, where he died, I suppose, in 1753. PORTRAIT PAINTERS. MICHAEL DAHL, in Lord Orford's "Painters," M. Dahl p. T. Chambers sc, . > Dahl was a native of Stockholm, and owed his first instruction to Erntraen Klocke, who was in .England when a young man, but afterwards be came painter to the crown of Sweden. Dahl came to England with Mr. Ponters, a merchant, * who, five years after, introduced his countryman Boit: Dahl was then twenty-two years of age. He THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 381 GEORGE I. CLASS X. He remained in England two years, spent one in Paris, three in Italy; and returned to London in 16S8. Kneller had the advantage ground, and deserved , it : because, according to Vertue, he excelled him in his likenesses, grace, and colour-r ' ing: but Dahl's opposite character did him ser vice; as Kneller was profanely arrogant, and Dahl modest to an extreme. He had one advan tage in point of professional excellence : Sir Godfrey lavished all his care in painting the face, - but entirely neglected the rest of the picture;. Dahl, on the contrary, was attentive to the arms, - hands, and drapery. In his figures he exceeded Richardson, and in his best pieces he rivalled Riley. His amiable manners made even Kneller esteem him, and he painted Dahl's portrait. This. worthy character passed through life in a perfect calm till he had reached foil 87 years, when he died October 20, 1743, and was buried in St. James's Church. He had a son, a painter, but a very inferior artist, who died about three years before him, usually called the younger Dahl; and two daughters. There are many portraits by Dahl, for he attempted nothing higher : some of the admirals at Hampton-Court are his, and they suffer but little from the superiority of Kneller's. The first Countess of Orford, at Houghton, is a fine piece, and exhibits grace, which his pieces generally want. At Petworth are several ladies by him, extremely well coloured. Dahl had the honour to have Prince George of Denmark for his patron; and had the sovereigns Queen Ann, and Queen Christina of Sweden, to sit to him. "What do you mean to put into my hand?" " A fan." " Give me a lion, that is fitter for a " queen of Sweden." On the contrary, such a ' queen of Sweden should have had a rosary in her 'hand, or a philosophical dissertation; for which ' she 382 1 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEOUGE I. CLASS X. she had quitted the sceptre of a great kingdom. Dahl also painted his sovereign, Charles XL which is an equestrian figure, and graces one of the apartments at Windsor Castle, and has much merit. It is not a little to his honour, that P. F. Garotti, the Roman sculptor and architect, under whom GibbS studied, had his portrait painted by Dahl, when a young man, and pursuing his studies at Rome. JONATHAN RICHARDSON, in Lord Orford's "Painters," C. Brethcrton se. Jonathan Richardson, in a wig, an etching, 1738, J. Richardson sc. Jonathan Richardson, in a cap, J. Richardson sc. 1738. Richardson, born in 1665, lost his father when only five years of age; and his mother re-marry ing, her second husband placed him with a scri vener, a situation to which he was very repug nant. The death of his master, when he was twenty, gave him his freedom, when he placed himself under Riley, with whom he lived four years, and whose niece he married. Living to see his son arrive at manhood, the most perfect har mony subsisted between them, and they worked and wrote together. The elder, as a man of an excellent heart, well knew the painter's profes sion, and felt the poet's ardour; but he could never attain the fire of the one, or the harmony of the other. His paintings were as inferior to Michael Angelo's, Raphael's, or Vandyke's, as his poetry was to Milton's; yet his criticisms upon their works were extremely judicious. He ex cused the inelegance of his style from his want of education. Having unfortunately said, that he saw the classic writers through his son, Hogarth, with THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 383 - ¦ _. .., , », j, . • GEORGE I. CLASS X. with more wit than good nature, represented ' Jonathan the younger, perforated, and the father peeping through him at the lower end, viewing a Virgil, placed upon a shelf. This conceit, though absurd enough, may raise a smile; but he acted wisely in permitting his son to visit Italy, in order to describe the statues, bas-reliefs, draw ings, and pictures, which, afterwards, they both sat quietly down at home to comment upon. Their observations, if not well expressed, were intrinsically good; and his poetry, if it was not like Milton's, who, he most happily says, " was "an ancient, born 2000 years after his time," yet exhibits him a very worthy character, whose piety and virtue made his mind a heaven. Such will ever be the case, if, like him, men would " never deviate from what they thought right :" indeed, the fondness of the parent, and the duti ful affection of the son, make us sincerely. love both. He died suddenly, May 28, 1745, at the age of 80, at his house in Queen Square, on his return from his usual walk in St. James's Park. He had suffered from a paralytic stroke, some time before, but it had not materially injured his mind, though it deprived him of the use of his arm: this was the less felt, as he had retired from professional labours with an easy fortune. Besides his son, he had four daughters, one of Whom was married to his pupil, Mr. Hudson; another to Mr. Gregson, an attorney. He left various pictures, and a few etchings, amongst the rest several of Milton. We have, besides, his Essay relative to Criticism in Painting; his Ar gument on the Science of a Connoisseur; his • Account of the Statues, &c. and his Notes on Milton, with the Life of that poet. He had a mistress, of whom he seemed to be particularly fond, though she was a coy jade : by her he had . , : ¦ Richardson, 384 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND : GEORGE I. CLASS X. f . , ¦ ' - ' Richardson, the co-artist with, and successor of, Kneller and Dahl, who was a most estimable cha racter. His drawings were sold, February, 1748, in eighteen evenings, and produced 2060/. his >• - , pictures 700/. : his son-in-law, Hudson, purchased many of the former. At the death of his son the remainder of the collection was sold; amongst which there were scores of portraits of both father and son, in chalk, with the dates when exe- - cuted. The good old man thought that day Iost, after he had retired from business, if he had not drawn his son's, or his own portrait, and added a copy of verses; and the son, with equal fondness, had marked many of them with the ten- derest expressions, relative to his " dear father." There were a few pictures- and drawings, by the son. ^ . RICHARD VANBLEECK, mez. Ipse p. 1723. P. V. Bleeck, jun. sc. 1735: this has been reduced. The Vanbleecks, a Dutch family, appear to have been ardent lovers of the arts. Richard Yan- bleeck visited England, but in what year is not mentioned; but his relation, Peter Vanbleeck,, arrived, as a portrait painter, in 1723. Lord Or ford mentions him, and the two portraits of John- • son and Griffin, those excellent comedians, in the characters of Ananias and Tribulation in the << Alchymist," painted by him, which were copied in mezzotinto. His lordship says, the painter was a good one, and that the mezzotinto is ex cellent: of Peter Vanbleeck he remark^ that' having bad health, he retired from business,. and died July 20, 1764. But Richard is not noticed by this noble author, nor do I recollect that he is spoken of by any other writer. j. ^v - • . ENOCH THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 385 LL GEORGE I. CLASS X. ENOCH SEEMAN, Junior, in Lord Orford's "Painters," Seipse p. T. Chambers sc. Enoch Seeman, Jun. Mt. 19, own hair, open collar, mez. E. Seeman p. J. Faber sc. 1727. All the males of the family of Seeman, or Zee- man, were artists. Enoch's father and three of his sons painted, and one of them in water co lours; but Enoch was most employed. Lord Or ford says, he remembered him when in much business. The portrait from which the print is <¦ taken was painted by himself, when nineteen years of -age, in the finical manner of Denner : but the face is handsome and interesting. He , afterwards painted the heads of an old man and woman, in, the same style. He died suddenly, in 1744, leaving a son, Paul, who followed his father's profession. Isaac Zeeman, his brother, who died April 4, 1751, left a son, who was also a painter. WILLIAM AIKMAN, in the " Museum Florenti- " num." This gentleman was the only son of William Aikman, of Cairnes, Esq. by Margaret, daughter of Sir John Clerk, of Pennycuick, Bart. He was bora October 24, 1681, and the disciple of Sir John Medina, and came young to London; whence he travelled to Rome, Constantinople, and Smyrna. - Returning to London, he went into his own country, under the patronage of General John Duke of Argyle, and other noblemen of thatkmg- dom. Having remained there two or three years, he again visited London, where he was greatly esteemed. His father was an advocate, who intended him for the profession of the law; but he quitted- it for his favourite pursuit, the.art of paintinS; Vol. III. C c At 386 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS X. At the same time he. united that study with, the sister arts of poetry and music; and became, with ardour, the Muses' friend. Mr. Aikman brought Allan Ramsay into notice in Edinburgh, and James Thompson in London; introducing the latter net only to the first wits in England, but to the minister, Walpole : and there was ajsp a particular friendship between him and the poet Somerville. His health declining, he was advised to return to Scotland; but the universal tyrant seized his prey in Leicester Fields, June 7, 1741, when only in the 49th year of his age; and his only son, John, having died January 14, preced ing, their remains were taken to the Grey Friars' cemetery in Edinburgh, and buried in the same grave, on whom Mr. Mallet wrote this epitaph : Dear fo the good and wise, disprais'd by none, Here sleep in peace, the father and the son; By virtue, as by nature, close ally'd, The painter's genius, but without the pride: Worth unambitious, wit afraid to shine; ' Honour's clear light, and friendship's warmth divine. The son, fair rising, knew too short a date ; But Oh ! how more severe the parent's fate ! He saw him torn untimely from his side, Felt all a father's anguish — wept and dy'd. Ramsay too lamented his beloved, his honoured friend. Margaret and Henrietta, his daughters and co-heirs, married; the former, Hugh Forbes, Esq. advocate, and'one of the principal clerks of ses sion, brother of General Forbes; the latter Wil liam Carruthers, Esq. of Dormont in Galloway. Aikman was intimate with Kneller, and they were friends, not rivals. The Duke of Kingston, the architect Lord Burlington, and the Earl of Buck- - ingbamshjre. THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 58* GEORGE I. CLASS X. inghamshire, were his most particular patrons in England. Besides which, he had the honour of painting the younger part of the royal family, in a group, to1 fill a compartment in one of the rooms of the palace; and Queen Caroline, a half- length, to be ^placed over a door : and had he lived he was to have painted the king in the same manner, to fill the opposite niche. At Blickling are many portraits of the Hobarts, their alliances and friends; ARNOLD HOUBRAKEN, in Des Campes " Pein- " tres," Ficquet se. The Dutch family of Houbrakert was celebrated for skill in the arts. Arnold probably was brother Of J. Hbubraken, the incomparable engraver, so well known to English collectors, for the very fine assemblage of royal and illustrious person- ageSi who are perpetuated by his graver, in a style worthy of their merit and his own*. Of Ar nold very little is known in this country: he died in the year 1719. CHARLES JERVAS, with Leu: s and La Guerre, A. Banner manse, in Lord Orford's " Anecdotes of "Painting," copied from the following. Charles Jervas, in the title to the Sale Catalogue of his Pictures, G. Vr. Gucht sc. Jervas was born in Ireland; Kneller was his master, and Norris, the frame-rftaker, and keeper *'ThottghthUartUt was never ia England, it is hnt »!*«»*»£"* labours', or the services ahove mentioned, to naturalize hmi, Bit- *erc, by recordings in this work, the name and representation of so ad »«**£**« rl ofwhem wehavetwo portraits: one a halMength, by »»^^'"££f Plate in one hand, and a graver in the other; and one a *%*XFGrirS leaning on a partfolio, and holding a drawing, after a paintrag by Quirkhand, and engraved alsoby liijnsstf, in 1149, in th« 41st year of his age. Cjc2 of 388 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS X. of the royal pictures, patronized him. But he seems to have had no fortune: for having copied the cartoons, by Norris's leave, and selling them to Dr. George Clarke, of Oxford, he went to Paris and Italy with, the money they brought him. He studied drawing at Rome when he was ' thirty ; having begun at the wrong end, in learn ing colouring first. Jervas is one of the many • instances, bf the public being blindly partial to a character unworthy of their patronage. Indeed, he had nothing but his own effrontery, and his pupil, Pope's reputation, to build upon: as he was " defective in drawing, colouring, compo- " sition; and even in the most necessary, and " perhaps in the most easy talent of a portrait " painter, likeness." Yet, with all these pic torial sins upon his brush, he became the idol of the day, or rather of the asra. Pope has even immortalized his own want of judgment by sounding his false fame*. Though he did not obtain the hand of Lady Elizabeth Churchill, one of the beautiful daughters of the great Duke of Marlborough, who became Countess of Bridge- water, yet he gained a widow valued at 20,000/. and after having again visited Italy for improve ment, he returned with additional reputation, and lived in perfect style, having a house in Cleve land Court, and another at Hampton. His health being indifferent, he went a third time to Italy, * Perhaps, however, instead of being offended with the poet for his want of judgment in this instance, one should rather be grateful for it; as this mis taken partiality has given occasion for one of the most elegant and beautiful of all his epistles, viz. that to Jervas, with Dryden's Fresnoy's Art of Painting. If the artist had but one grain of modesty in him, how must he have blushed at cnqomiums that Raphael, or Titian, or Gutdo, or Reynolds, onlycould have deserved. The beauties that were to " bloom in Aw colours for a thousand " years," had very soon the mortification of being thrust down into the house-keeper's room,, or exalted to the garret, amidst the family lumber o{ grandfathers or grandmothers, or else, " fluttering in a row, " They flank the rails of Bedlam or-Soho V meitely THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 339" GEORGE i. CLASS X. merely for its fine, soft, genial air; and did but return to die at his town house, November 2, 1739. There was no bounds to this inferior, artist's vanity, in 'relation to his person or his art. Lady Bridgewater sitting to him for her picture, he praised all her features with raptures : — " But I cannot help telling your ladyship that " you have not a handsome ear." " No; pray, " Mr. Jervas, what is a handsome ear?" Turning aside his cap — " this is one.?' Yet so much did this beauty occupy his thoughts, that he gave her features to many a homely dame who sat to him. After having copied a Titian, looking at the ori ginal and then at the work of his own hands, he exclaimed, with vast self-complacency : — " Poor ¦" little Tit ! how he would stare?" Jervas trans lated Don Quixotte. His vanity once met witha good retort. Disbelieving revelation, he often talked very irreverently of the Bible. " You " surprise me," said Dr. Arbuthnot, " by doing " this; because you are not only a speculative, "but a practical believer." "This I deny." " I will prove it: you strictly observe the Second " Commandment ; for, in your pictures, you " 'make not the likeness of any thing that is in " heaven above, or in the earth beneath, or in the " waters under the earth." Audran engraved two of the cartoons, which he lent him, but died be fore he could complete more bf them. His collec tion of Roman Fayence, called "Raphael's earthen ware," was sold in April, 1741. At the same time was disposed of, his fine cabinet of ivory carvings, by Fiamingo ; and at the death of his widow, the rest of his valuables. Such was this vain and inconsiderable artist, whom Steele, iri one of his " Tatlers," yet ventures to call " the, last great " painter that Italy has sent, us!!!" C c 3 LEWIS $$Q THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEQJtGE I. CLASS X. LEWIS GOUPY, a handkerchief tied over his head, morning-gown, mez. L. Goupy p. G. White sc Lewis Goupy, a native of France* came to Eng land in this reign, probably through the invita tion of Lord Burlington, and painted portraits in oil; but afterwards worked in fresco and crayons, find taught miniature painting : he attended the earl fo Italy, but we know little more of him. His nephew, Joseph, died in 1747, who was one of tthe best miniature painters of any age. Lewis had a brother resident in London, as a fan painter, and he appears to have been the first of the Goupy family who came to England : I believe him to have been the father of the instructor of his present majesty in dancings if I am not mis-. taken in the name. ARCHITECTS. JAMES GIBBS, fhe oval scraped, border engraved, fol. W. Hogarth p. M'Ardell sc. James Gibbs, sitting, compasses in his rightrhand, looks, mez. S. Williams p. M'Ardell sc. James Gibbs, oval, within Ratc\ifif Library,, in Lord Orford's " Painters," J. Rannerman sc- James Gibbs, prefixed to his " Description of fit " Ratdiff Library," W.Hogarth p. R.Raronse. James Gibbs, a medallion, in the title to the scinie, R. Raron sc. James Gibbs, leaning on pie frustum of a pillar, collar open, mez. H- Hysing p. P. Pelham sc James Gibbs, Schryder sc a Swiss, after paivter to the King of Sweden*?. * Lord Orfprd, James THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 39 1 GEORGE I. CLASS X. James Gibbs, born at Aberdeen, in 1683, went to Italy to perfect himself in the study of archi tecture; afterwards- residing in London, he was regarded, in the middle of this reign, as the best of his profession in Britain : yet he was not only inferior to Inigo Jones and Sir Christopher Wren, but he did not even equal Vanburgh. His prin cipal works are, St. Martin's Church, near ' Cha ring Cross; St. Mary's Church in the Strand; All-Saints, Derby; the new building at King's College, Cambridge, and the senate-house of that university : but the best was the Ratcliff Li brary at Oxford, at the opening of which he had the degree of Master of Arts conferred upon him by that university. Mr. Gibbs was a very respec table character in private life, and died of the stone and gravel, on his return from Spa, April 5, 1754, when he bequeathed 1001. to St. Bartholo mew's Hospital, having been its architect and /governor; to the Foundling Hospital, 100Z.; to the Rateliffe Library, his books and prints : nor did he forget his relations and friends. His re putation, as an architect, was by no means raised by the publication of a folio of his o\Vn designs. His arched rustic-laced windows, his barbarous buildings for gardens, his cumbrous chimney- pieces, and vases without grace, are striking proofs Of his want of taste : for these he obtained 1500Z. besides the plates, which sold for 400/. more. The author of the following lines, address ed to Gibbs upon putting up Prior's monument in Westminster Abbey, appears to have conceived higher hopes of the architect's professional merit than some writers are willing to allow him : While Gibbs displays his elegant design, And Rysbrack's skill does in the sculpture shine; Cc4 With 392 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS. X. N With due composure, and proportion just, Adding new lustre to the finish'd bust; Each artist here perpetuates his name, And shares, with Prior, an immortal fame. T. W. FRANCIS SMITH, own hair, sitting, holding com passes, mez. W. Winstanley p. A. V. Haecken sc. Mr. Smith, though an architect, and employed by Lord Lichfield, is but little known ; neither has Lord Orford mentioned him with Hawkesmoore and Gibbs in the reign of George I.; nor even as a companion to Mr. Archer, the groom porter, architect of St. Philip's in Birmingham, which structure, with some little variations, would not disgrace the best street in London; nor one Wake field* who drew the design of Helmsley. His lordship, however, casually mentions Smith in another part of his work, where he is called a mason, who restored the damage done by a fire at St. Mary's Church in Warwick; and adds, that Smith lived in Warwick : and further remarks, that Sir Christopher Wren was the architect of the church, in which he made several mistakes, yet it is certainly a very fine one. The tower, containing ten musical bells and chimes, is at the west end, and erected on groined arches, sup ported by four piers, between which is a passage for carriages. The height to the top of the battlements is a hundred and thirty feet, and to the summit of the pinnacle a hundred and seventy- four feet; the diameter at the base is thirty-two * One Wakefield was cashier during the building of St. Philin's Church w™/0-^ ,0 *heKfa^y.«f Holt, at Astonfnear Birmngham He' was a very just steward, but he is not the same person here called the archi- feet, THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 393" GEORGE I. CLAS feet, six inches; at the summit, seventeen. Lord Orford acknowledges, in a note, his former mis take, in supposing the church to have been built by Sir Christopher Wren; he owns the tower only to be his : the church he gives entirely to the mason of the town, Smith. The church is a noble edifice, and does the mason great credit. The whole building, the fine Gothic chapel of St. Mary's excepted, was burnt in 1694, and re built in 1704 by royal munificence. As I have often received pleasure in viewing this sacred edifice, I could not resist vindicating Smith, whoy if only a provincial builder, ought to have double honour for raising so fine a structure; and it does honour to Lord Lichfield's taste in employing him. ENGRAVERS. FRANCIS CHEREAU, Cochin sc. Lord Orford terms this artist Chereau the younger, to distinguish him from his brother, an engraver at Paris of great eminence. Francis came to Britain at the invitation of Dubosc; and we have, by him, a profile of George I. which gained him great estimation : and perhaps he would have obtained good business had he not demanded extravagant prices for his labours: he returned to France in disgust. He must have been very young when here, if Bromley is right in asserting that he was living in 1760: he was a member of the Academie Royale. GEORGE SH. THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS X. GEORGE BICKHAM, a head etched, sh. G. Rick ham, jun. sc. i George Bickham engraved the heads of Sir Isaac Newton and Bishop Blackhall, and of six writing-masters in one plate ; one of these, George Shelley, he engraved from the life, in 1709, as he did Adcock the musician, and some others; but his principal talent consisted in en graving writing, in which he excelled all other artists. His " British Penman" was published in 1711, and contained fourteen plates, examples of round-hand, round-text, and running-hand; but .he used a strange licence, and asserted it was written by George Johnson, though only a mere subterfuge to sell the book. His assumed sur name was taken from his father's baptismal name, John, and he therefore thought it was scarcely a falsity to call himself John's son. " His Penman- " ship, in the utmost beauty and extent," con sists of the finest specimens of the most skilful writing-masters then living; and in the " Pen- " man's Companion" are others. He published besides, " Letters on several Occasions," contain ing specimens of epistolary writing in prose and verse; but his greatest work is the elaborate and comprehensive "Universal Penman." He lived a considerable length of time in James'-street, Bunhill Fields, but removed, not long before his death, into Red-Lion Street, Clerkenwell; and died May 4, 1758, aged 74 : he was buried in the cemetery of St. Luke, Old-street, near the vestry door, but without a memorial. Bickham enjoyed a long life, which he employed with great credit, in a laborious exercise of his talents, imprbvr ing the art of English penmanship more than any ' pther THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 395 GEORGE I. CLASS X. V-"-1-" -' '- ¦"- -¦ ¦*- - ' ' ~ other of our engravers. The worthy Longmate, and his son, have shown with what accuracy both an cient and -modern hand-writing may be copied. Granger says, the print of Bickham, senior, has been inscribed Humphry Johnson; this, however, is a mistake for George Johnson : Humphry John son was a writing-master, whose life has been already noticed. Edward Ward, of prosaic fame, wrote the following lines, which he addressed to Bickham, lines he justly merited ; To Mr. George Rickham, upon his excellent Per formances in the Art of engraving. What Muse, O Bickham! can thy works behold? So sweetly soft, yet elegantly bold, And not, in tuneful numbers, praise the. hand That notes with so much order and command; As if some angel, stooping to thy aid, Directed ev'ry beauty thou'st displayed ; And taught thy matchless genius to impart, To scribes and clerks, new specimens of art: Such as will raise thee monuments of fame. And thro' all trading nations spread thy name. Sculpture, too sacred to be man's device, When Moses govern 'd, had in heav'n its rise; Where God, to make the useful myst'ry known, Engrav'd his laws on tabulets of stone; And thus, at once, to Israel did impart His own commands, and thy immortal art. Thy noble strokes old graceful hands revive, And make dead artists seem once more alive; Their ancient works, illustrated by thine, From error free, in full perfection shine : Whilst modern specimens our artists write, Touch by thy graver, doubly charm the sight. Proceed, 396 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS X. Proceed, great genius of the age, and show How much our penmen to thy labours owe. One plate of thine 's of universal use, And do's a thousand offsprings soon produce ; When proofs of art by penmen heretofore,' Were fruitful eunuchs that begot no more. In thy refulgent pages we behold The truth of modern hands, as well as old; And, by thy studious pains, and at thy cost, ' Retrieve those ancient types, for ages lost. Thy tender strokes, inimitably fine, Crown with perfection ev'ry flowing line; And to each grand performance add a grace. As curling hair adorns a beauteous face; In ev'ry page new fancies give delight, And sporting round the margin, charm the sight; Commanding all that on thy labours gaze, To own thy excellence, and sing thy praise : For no engraver's work, compar'd with thine, Could ever yet with equal glory shine. EDWARD WARD. GEORGE BICKHAM, Jun. an etching, Rickham, jun, sc. George Bickham, junior, engraver, probably received considerable property from his father, but he is little known, except as having engraved his father's and his own portrait. This Bickham was not, as Lord Orford supposed, the elder, (who, retiring from his labours, resided at Richmond, and disposed of part of his plates and stock in trade, by auction, in May, 1767,) but his son. We are surprised to find so few- engravers in this reign, particularly as there were so many painters: indeed, the graphic art was at a very low ebb ' in THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 397 GEORGE I. CLASS X. in this country, at that period, and we were ge nerally indebted to foreigners for our prints of all descriptions. MUSICIANS. WILLIAM CROFT, sm.fol. T. Murray p. G. Ver tue sc. William Croft, circle, in Hawkin's " History of 'f Music," T. Murray p. Caldwell sc. William Croft, Doctor of Music, a native of Nether Eatington in Warwickshire, was educated by Dr. Blow for the Royal Chapel. His first employment was as organist of St. Ann's, Westminster; he was afterwards admitted into the Chapel Royal; and, in 1704, appointed joint organist with Jeremiah Clark, who died in 1707, when he obtained the whole : and, in 1708, he succeeded Dr. Blow, as master of the children, and composer to the chapel royal, and as organist of the collegiate church of St. Peter's, Westminster. In 1711 he ,resigned St. Ann's; and, in 1715, he was created a Doctor of Music by the university of Ox ford. The ode performed on the occasion, was written in Latin and English, by Mr. afterwards Dr. Joseph Trapp, and performed by the gentle men of the Chapel Royal. Dr. Croft died Au gust 14, 1727, through an illness occasioned by excessive fatigue,at the coronation of George II. His works are numerous, and generally solemn : though others were composed by him for general thanksgiving, and for victories; but the former were most to his taste, being a person of great decency and seriousness of mind. " O Lord, " rebuke me not," "Praise the Lord, O my soul," -" God is gone up," and " O Lord, thou hast • ° * "searched $§S THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEOKGB 1. CLASS X. ^^ " searched me out," are some of his best compo- tions. He would, however, relax at times; as we find by his setting to music Dr. Byrom's- plaintive song, " My time, O ye Muses," addressed to Dr. Bentley's daughter, Joanna, the university beauty, who became afterwards the lady of Dr. Cumberland, bishop of Kilmore: and he publish ed besides, "Divine Harmony;" six sets of tunes for two violins; and a bass, which he made in his youth, for several plays; and six sonatas, for two flutes; and six solos, for a flute, and a bass-. The flute was, in his time, the favourite instrument of music. Crofts was buried in Westminster Abbey, where there is an elegant monument erected" to his memory by his friend Mr. Birch*. > FRANCESCO^ BERNARDO SENESINO, mez. T. Hudson p. V. HmcJcen sc 17S5. Francesco Bernardo Senesino, four Italian linest the same in English, mez. J. Goupy 'p. E, Kirkall sc. Francesco Bernardo Senesino, a circle, in Haw kin's " History of Music" T.Hudson p. C.Grtgnioit sculp. Senesino was a native of Sienna, and went" to Dresden as a singer, in 17 19, with Signora Marga rita Durastanti; and from thence Handel brought them both to England; with Berenstatft; He per- * Humphrey Wyerley Birch, Esq. counsellor at law, was of Hampstead )U Staffordshire, but upon tin- bonders of the county of Warwick; where he ' had a large landed estate. Warmly attached to church' music, and particu larly t0J solemn dirges*, he 'constantly, attended eboir service, and aH'gBand ftHieralsiovthe.AUbey: atthat of Queen-Caroline,. that he- might the better both hear and see, he, .with another, lawyer,, walked 'amongst the-choiristers Mi tlteipMcessian, in surplisesn.with' ivmusic paper in onej and-a. tappr in'tbe athcr hand, Indeed , Mr. Birch, Jfor the luxury of a pompous funeral at West- lttihs,teT>, wonid at any time quit the nircuiti His dress was so singular i that h*jc«i»ia ddt'but be recounted is yet this Tg^ntleman was the leading counsel fcr'WaoJstoiu when, prosecuted, for denying Christ's miracles-!' Mr. fiirch ilied'Novewber i$t lT4tv foWried, THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 39& GEORGE I. CLASS X. formed, for the first time, in the opera of " Mu- *'- tius Scajvola," in 1721, and his salary was 1500Z, per annum, which his merit deserved; but he felt his importance, an importance odious to Han del : in consequence, the German and the Italian did not long continue together. Handel sup posing Senesino aided Faustina, he determined to dismiss both, and refused to compose any thing for him. Their ridiculous quarrel broke up the ppera, which had continued nine years; but the nobility established another in Lincoln's Inn Fields, by subscription, where Porpora com posed, and Senesino sung; as he did afterwards' at the theatre in the Haymarket, which Handel had quitted. He remained in England till 1735; when, having amassed 15,000Z. he retired to his native city, built a fine house there, lived splen didly, and, at his death, enriched his relations with English wealth. Senesino's voice was even- toned, but not of great compass. Some termed it mezzo soprano; others, contralto; it was, how ever, astonishingly flexible. He was graceful in his action, and esteemed the best performer of re citative in Europe. GIOVANNI BUONONCINI, a circle, in Hawkin's " History of Music," 1776, J. Caldwall sc. Giovanni Buononcini, mez. Ja. Sympson, jun. sculp. Bononcini, or, as he wrote his name, Buonon cini, a native of Modena, studied his profession under his father Giovanni Maria Bononcini, a celebrated composer, till he went to the court of the Emperor Leopold, where, and in Italy, he gained great reputation, particularly on the via* loncella. His merit was long known m England ' before he visited fa as most of the operas per formed 400 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEO KGB I. formed here, had some of his compositions Angli cized. These, however, were only different airs; but he had been the author of many operas, which were well received upon the continent. At length he came to Britain. Handel, who had once before seen London, returned; and Attilio was the third of this famous musical band: such was the governing triumvirate. But power seldom en dures long when divided. Attilio was soon happy to retire to the back-ground; and the others, from compeers, went into opposite interests. Handel took the whigs by the ears, and Bononcini led off the tories in triumph. Pleasing the Churchill family by the anthems he composed for the fune ral solemnity of the great duke, the Countess of Godolphin, then duchess of Marlborough in her own right, received the Italian into her house hold, with a salary of 500Z. At her concerts he presided; and under Her Grace's roof he com posed most of his operas, and twelve sonatas, or chamber airs, for two violins and a bass, printed in 1732. The other two persons of the triumvi rate wished to have one more trial of skill with Handel, when Muzio Scsevola was performed, in which each had an act of his own composition; but Handel retained the superiority, and no further contest was attempted. Convicted of borrowing, without acknowledgment, from Signor Lotti, his fame fell rapidly; and, to complete his disgrace here, he united with an adventurer, under the assumed title of Count Ughi, who pretended to be a natural son of James II. Fortunately for Buononcini,he was invited to Vienna, to compose the music for the celebration of thanksgiving on the peace of Aix-la-Chapelle, in 1748; and for that performance he received 800 ducats : he af terwards went, with the singer Monticelli, to Venice. If Buononcini was inferior to Handel in THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 401 GEOEGB I, CLASS. X. in his compositions, he yet must be allowed to have had " a tender, elegant, and pathetic style/* , JOHN BANISTER, a circle, T. Murray pinx. C. Grignion sc. in Hawkins's " History of Music." John Banister, mez. T. Murray p. R. Williatns sculp. ' John Banister, the same plate, T. Murray pinx. J. Smith ex. John Banister's grandfather was one of the waits of the parish of St. Giles's in the Fields, London, under whom his son was educated; and his talents engaging the attention of Charles II. he was sent, by that monarch* to France for improvement: but he so displeased His Majesty by preferring the English to the French violins, that he was dismissed from the royal band. He afterwards had concerts at the various houses he resided in, or at particular rooms, and died in 1678. His son, John Banister, whose print is that above mentioned, was an excellent performer on the violin, and one of King William's band; besides which, he played the first violin at Drury-lane Theatre, when operas were first performed there; and continued at the head of the band till about 1720, when Carbonelli succeeded him. He died in 1725, leaving a son of the same Christian name, who taught on the flute, and rendered him self remarkable, by playing on two flutes at the same time, an achievement that cannot possibly add to his real fame. It is rather an extraordi nary circumstance, that the same family, in one branch or other of it, should have been public performers for so great a length of time. Vol. III. Dd VAN 402 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS X. VAN BURGH, in the title-page to his " Mirth and Harmony," Mo. This person, the composer and publisher of two valuable collections of songs, some of which were great favourites with the town, is yet so little known at this time of day, that his baptismal name even has not reached us, notwithstanding he lived in a house next to the Black Lion, near Sergeant's Inn, Fleet-street, one of the most public and frequented parts of the capital. JOHN CHRISTOPHER PEPUSCH, in Hawkins's "History of Music," Tho. Hudson p. C. Grignioti Sc. Johannes: Chuistophorus Pepusch^ Mus". Doct. Oxbn.mezz. Tho. Hudson p. A. Vanhaeckert-sc , Dr. Fepusch, born at Berlin in 1667, was the son of a Protestant clergyman, and the pupil of Klingenberg andGrosse, under whom he made so great a progress, though he received their instruc tions only a year, that he was appointed teacher of music to the Prince Royal of Prussia, afterwards . the father of the great warrior and legislator, Fre deric; but that prince was little like his son, who was a musician : in short, Frederic William, whom he taught to play on the harpsichord, was ever brutal. A singular circumstance made" him leave his native land. An officer in the Prussian service, having said something that gave great offence, was led out, and, without trial, de capitated in the presence of the musician. Pe- pusch came to England in 1700, and gained great reputation. In 1713 the university of Oxford con ferred on him the degree of Doctor of Music; but he afterwards disgusted that learned Tjody of men; when Dr. Crofts hadT taken the children of the Chapel Royal, and Pepusch the performers from the THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. ,; 403 l GEORGE 1. CLASS X. the theatres, arid opened concerts in Oxford for his benefit. The Duke of Chandos, affecting a princely style of living at Canons, engaged him to superintend his chapel service; but His Grace's losses in the South Sea sch'ente, soon rendered the Doctor's attendance unnecessary. He accom panied Dr. Berkley, that amiable philanthropist, in his adventure to the Bermudas Islands, to found a college, in which, without doubt, he was to have been the professor of music : but the ship was wrecked, and the musician returned to . a more permanent settlement, by leading to the altar; in 1722, Signdra Margarita de L'Epine, who had quitted the stage, some time before, with a fortune of 10,000Z. After his nuptials he resided in Boswell-court, Carey-street, and afterwards in Fetter-lane, where an inmate, and no small fa vourite, was a parrot, who took his station at the window, and surprised visitors and passengers with the air, "Non e si vago e bello," in "Julius '."¦ Csesar." : It was, indeed, a house of harmony: Mrs. Pepusch played extremely well upon the harpsichord ; and their only child showed, that the air of England had not prevented his par taking of the talents of his parents, who, -with him, attracted a great concourse of company to their concerts. Death, at length, deprived the Doctor of the grandmother, the mother, the boy, and the ,parrot. His last situation was that of prganist at the Charter-House, where he died July 20, 1752, aged 85; and was btfried in the chapel belonging to that foundation, which con tains a monument to his memory, erepted by a subscription of the members of the Academy of Ancient Music. He made his friends, Mr. John Immyns the Lutenist; Mr. Travers, organist of the Chapel Royal, and of St. Paul's, Covent Garden; and Mr. Ephraim Kelner, of the. hand of Ddr Drury- 404 THE. HISTORY OF ENGLAND. . - i . "/* GEORGE I. CLASS. X. ¦ ..-...- , . , .,,.., , , ,' i • ' .. ¦u. . ,|., , — , i j..-. Drury-lane Theatre; his heirs: he was one of the early patrons of the Society of Ancient Mu sic. Though Pepusch was inferior to Handel, as a composer, , he will ever be regarded as a most extraordinary man; and his theoretical knowledge was great, as appears by his Treatise on Harmony. He well understood the Greeki language, and was a good judge of the music of the ancients; and, still more, to his honour, during fifty years resi dence in this kingdom, there does not appear^o .'have: been a stain upon his. character. His great business in life seems, to„,haye been, to study harniphy, and, to promote.it in every way. i. .^NTH0Slb;. VIVALDI, a circle, in Hawfanp's " History of Music," J. Ccddwall sc. Anthonio Vivaldi^ square, Mo. La Cave sc 1725. This celebrated composer for the violin, and great master of that instrument, had been director of the concerts at the hospital of Piety, at Ve nice; and master of the chapel of the palace of Philip, -landgrave of Hesse. After his arrival'in England he was engaged at the opera; and we -posSe&ihis solos, sonatas, and concertos. But he injured his reputation by affecting singularity, in - the: vain -idea, that originality of sound, though not according, to the rules of the 'science of rhu- \sic, must be excellent. How different are his - -flights ;fr'Gm the chaste and exquisite music of - Corelli? Vivaldi died in 1743. '. i" ABRAM ADCOCK, blowing a French tiorn,'atod playing-a violin, G. Rickham sc. ad%idum. ! ,-i Adcock, an torgan-builder, used to play the : first, trumpet at .Handel's oratorios for several years, and was supposed the best performer upon . that instrument then resident in the kingdom; ••¦-¦i yety THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND.- 405 GEOKGB I. CLASS X. yet, though he excelled with this-instrument, we see him represented as performing with the t French horn, and on the violin. Mr. Newton told Granger, that he was at Lady Coningsby's seat of Hampton-Court in Herefordshire, when a very old man, and that he excelled on the violin. There is an organ by Adcock, at Church-Langton in Leicestershire, as there are at various other places: he also built chamber organs. JOHN ROBINSON, playing on a spinet, fol. T. Johnson p. G. Vertue sc. . Mr. Robinson, educated in the Chapel Royal, under Blow, was .celebrated as an organist, and attracted crowds to the three churches, in which he played: St. Lawrence, Jewry; St. Magnus; and the collegiate church of St. Peter, West minster. He performed well upon the harpsi chord; and gained great reputation as an in structor, -which occasioned his having more scholars than any other master of his time : and he well deserved the preference, being a man of great respectability of character, and extremely assiduous in his profession. Mr. Robinson died, much advanced in years, in 1762; and had married the only child of William Turner, Doctor of. Music, who was remarkable for having lived al most seventy years in the marriage state. .Dr. Turner died at the age of 8.0, January 13, 1740; and was buried in Westminster Abbey, in the. same grave, and at the same time, with Elizabeth his wife, who died only four days before him. Mrs. Robinson, to distinguish her from Miss Ana^ statia Robinson, was called Mrs. Turner Robin son : for the former, though unmarried, was glso called Mrs., as was then the' custom. This Mrs. Turner Rpbinson sung in the opera of " Nar- ? . Dd3 "cissus," 406 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS X. " cissus," as did Anastaria. Mrs. Robinson had a daughter, who sung for Handel, in the opera of ff Hercules." It was, most likely, of this young lady's unworthy reception in public, that good- natured Harry Carey, the determined enemy of Italian music and Italian performers, complains in the following couplet, speaking of some' fa vourite Cantatrice of the day: " : =r while, " With better voice, and fifty times her skill, " Poor Robinson is always treated ill." BENEDETTI, Mo. Reluzzip. G. Vertue sc. Benedetti, one of those unfortunate persons that Italy too frequently sends to Britain,' was en-. gaged at the theatre in the Hay Market, though he was by no means considered as a first rate si'ngerj indeed, if he had possessed some excellence* Se- nesino's superior talents, as an actor as well as singer, would have eclipsed him. Benedetti left England, and intended to dedicate the remainder ©f his days to piety, in an Italian monastery. While there, two English gentlemen went to his convent, on some antiquarian research, and were not a little surprised on being accosted in their native language. He explained who he was, and paid them every attention, always speaking with rapture of their country. At their departure they requested he would favour them with some com mission, that they might convince him how much pleased they were with his civilities : — " Only," said he, " when you return to that dear country, " cut up a turf," and send it me ; I shall esteem it '' an inestimable treasure." This anecdote rests upon the authority of Dr. Hayes. I believe he did j-eturn himself to the dear soil, and died, says Granger, at Shene, in 1739. p HENRY' THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND." 407 GEORGE I. CLASS X. HENRY CAREY, prefixed to his "Poems," 1729, Ato. J. Worsdale p. Faber sc 1729. Henry Carey, prefixed to his " Musical Century," 1740. folio, mez. J. Worsdale p. Faber sc. Harry Carey, circle, J. Worsdale p. C. Grignion sc. in Hawkins's "History of Music." The gay Harry Carey studied the science of music under Olaus Westeinson Linnert, a German. He received some instruction also from Rosein- ' grave, and was also a disciple of Geminiani; but for a short time only With the latter, and made no greater proficiency than composing a song, and sometimes a cantata : besides which, he was a teacher at boarding-schools, and to the children of the middle class of people. His muse was of the .same mediocrity of talent; but he pleased, and he who can please the many, must have merit. He published a small collection of poeiris in duode cimo, so earlyastheyearI713; (these were reprint ed in 1720;) and in 1732, six cantatas; and in the "Provoked Husband" there are some of his songs* His farce of the " Contrivance*" contains several pretty airs of his own composition ; and he wrote three dramas for Goodman's Fields Theatre, which were very favourably received. Carey at length advanced to a quarto, in which size he published his poems, by subscription, in 1729, with his " Namby Pamby," a satire upon Ambrose Philip's Poem on Georgina, L«rd Carteret's in fant daughter, born whilst his lordship was lord . lieutenant of Ireland, and whilst Philip was m ¦ his suit; this lady, so idly complimented at that age, became afterwards Countess Cowper. In burlesque of the bombast common to the trage dies of the day, he wrote " Chrononhotontho- J Dd4 "logos," 408 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS X. I ' ¦ ' ' . ¦ ¦. " ¦' " logos*," in 1734, which is still well received: and we have,, besides, his " Honest Yorkshire- " man;" his " Interludes of Nancy, or the Pantry "Lovers;" and other things. He ventured at last upon two serious operas, Amelia and Tera- minta, set to music by Lampe the Saxon, and Charles Smith, From a hint in " Ralph's Touch- " stone" he Wrote his " Dragon of Wantley," and, as a companion, the " Dragoness," both likewise set to music by Lampe. These were in tended to ridicule the prevailing taste for the Italian opera. His " Musical Century, or a Hun- "¦ dred English Ballads," were, he said, " adapted " to several characters and incidents in human " life, and calculated for innocent conversation, " mirth, and instruction;" and, in 1743, he pub lished his dramatic works, in a small 4to. likewise by subscription. This man of song and whim destroyed himself, at his house in Warner-street, Cold Bath Fields, October 4, 1744; and is an in- stance, among many others that I have remarked, . of those who seem to live without care, and pre tend to be occupied only with exciting plea santry, having, when alone, the most severe afflic tions. Life must have its serious moments; and the important duties must be performed, or dis-. tress will unavoidably approach. That Carey was highly admired by the public at large, the subscriptions to his works evidently prove. He had wit, and wit that was felt; but nothing causes so much hatre they insisted that Francesca wrought miracles: for, said they, Boast not how Orpheus charm'd the rocks^ And set a dancing stones and stocks, And tygers rage appeas'd; All this Cuzzoni has surpass'd — Sir Wilfred1 seems to have a taste, And Smith b and Gage0 are pleas'd. . Cuzzoni was employed at the opera in the Hay- market, in 1748, and performed in " Terradellas " Mitridate," but without approbation; when *she returned to Italy, fell into poverty, and sub sisted by making buttons. Little Syren of the stage, Charmer of an idle age, / ,;H> Empty warbler, breathing lyre, Wanton gale of *fond desire, Bane of ev'ry manly art, ¦ Sweet enfeebler of the heart, O! too pleasing is thy strain; Hence to southern climes again. Tuneful mischief, vocal spell, -^ To this island bid farewell; Leave us as we ought to be : Leave the Britons rough and free. Ambrose Philips.. ' Sir Wilfred Lawson, Bart. ; » Simon Smith, Esq.; « Sir William Gage, jBart.j all subscribed to the Royal Academy. STPNORA 412 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS X. SIGNORA FAUSTINA, in a circle-, Rosalba p. C. Grignion sc. in Hawkins's " History of Music." Faustina Bordoni, best known by her baptismal name, was by birth a Venetian. Young, genteel in person, and with a handsome face, she came - into England, the rival of Cuzzoni, in 1726. Her first appearance in public was in the opera of Alexander. Handel composed several airs there in, for the express purpose of showing her ex traordinary powers of execution; nor did she fail him in the performance, " for she emulated " the liquid articulation of the nightingale, and '¦ charmed the unprejudiced part of her hearers " into ecstasy." A country so fond of division and. party as ours is, could not possibly pass by so fair an opportunity of indulging its propensity. Whig and tory; high church and low church; the friends of King George, and the Jacobites; in short, every occasion of contest sunk at once to nothing, before the all-powerful influence of the two signoras, their claims to vocal pre-eminence, and the heaviest bag of English guineas. To such a height of rancour and malevolence did their pretensions to exclusive admiratipn and de cided excellence rise, that ( " Animus meminisse " horret luctuq refugit!") not only the rival can didates themselves, are reported to have fallen from words to blows; but their respective pa tronesses, also, were not, without difficulty, upon some occasions, prevented from engaging in like manner, in support of their respective favourites. The Countess of Pembroke of the day, supported the cause of Cuzzoni; and, with all the zeal of patronage, is said to have encouraged even the THE^HISTORY OF ENGLAND; 413 ^ GEORGE I. CLASS X. r—1 - ¦ ' ' \ ¦ ' ¦ cat-calling of the rival syren; as witness the fol lowing epigram : Old poets sing that beasts did dance, Whenever Orpheus pleased : J ' So to Faustina's charmirig™voice Wise Pembroke's asses bray'd. The superiority of Faustina's merit was particu larly maintained by Dorothy, Countess of Bur lington; and Charlotte, Lady Delamer; among the women; and by a large majority among the men, for a reason far more competent to their judgment in general, than their taste in music: in asmuch as she was very muchyounger, and, indis- . putably, much handsomer than her competitor. • The more notified male admirers of the latter are already characterized in the foregoing article, where the unfortunate close of Cuzzom's life is strongly contrasted with the happier late of her rival, who, on her quitting England, made a suc cessful marriage with a musician of eminence at Dresden; as if her presiding good genius conti nued with her to the last, and said, or might be ' supposed to say, " Nee ipsa in morte relinquam!" ACTORS IN TRAGEDY AND COMEDY.. BARTON BOOTH, prefixed to his " Life and F Poems," 1783, 8vo. Vr. Rank p. 1720, G. Vr. Gucht sc. Barton Booth, inserted John Rooth, Mo. mez. G. White sc It generally happens that unfortunate per sons only, who have had a good education, and are possessed of personal qualifications, go upxjn 'the stage, but Mr. Booth was an exception. A man of fashion by birth, he adopted a theatrical ' life 414 , THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE' I. CLASS. X. life in preference to, a" much higher profession, which would have entitled him to a more elevated rank'ln" society. - The Booths^ of Lan caster, were of the family of Booth, Earls of . Warrington, whose representative in the above county, contemporary with Mr. Booth's father, was Sir Robert Booth, of "Salford, Knt. lord chief justice of the King's Bench in Ireland. Mr. Bar ton Booth's father was John Booth; Esq. a gen tleman of consequence and reputation, but whose fortune was inconsiderable; and he had several children, of whom Barton was his third son. The father probably resided in Westminster for the advantage of educating them at the Collegiate School, as he was very attentive to their attain ments; and Barton became a scholar at the age of nine, under Dr. Busby. It is well known, that the Doctor was partially fond of his pupils acting Latin plays. Young Booth had made! a rapid progress in the learned languages, and he even excelled in Latin compositions. His figure, ges ticulation, voice, and other qualifications, made him even a youthful Roscius. Universally praised, he felt the general applause. His father wished to have sent him to the university, at the age of eighteen, in order to qualify him for the sacer dotal office, in which his powers of oratory^ his learning, taste, and his virtues, might have pro moted him to the prelacy; but he rejected the wishes of an indulgent, careful parent, and fled to Ireland, where he performed at Dublin, as an actor, for three years. The grief this perverse conduct occasioned his father, was extremely poignant. In the effusions of his sorrow he would frequently say, " The old man poisoned " him with his latest breath," alluding to Dr. Busby's commendations of his acting. After tie appeared on the London stage, some time elapsed before ;! THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 415 ' GEORGE 1. CLASS X. before he gained the public estimation, owing to the principal characters being prejengaged by the best performers. However* when opportu nities Offered, he shone with that refulgence, that he was soon saluted as the first of his profession. Patronized by Lord Fitzharding, and tutored by Mr. Betterton, to whom he was an obedient pupil, he obtained great consequence, both in and out of the theatre. Lord Bolingbroke, when in his glory, and during the decline of Queen Ann, raised him to be the first manager in the theatre; but Mr. Dogget so highly re sented it, that he would not even accept his share of the profits, amounting to 1000Z. per annum. Booth excelled in the character of Cato, and he sometimes played in comedy; but in nervous tragedy he was the truly dignified actor. He seemed born for solemnity and command; and he was solemn and dictatorial in private life. He said little in company; but what he did, was as if giving instructions, and in a tone of autho rity more than of friendship. Even on the stage he passed over the more trivial parts of the cha racters, that he might throw all the pathos where . it would be felt by the audience. His sense, his knowledge of the languages, and his taste, enabled him to know and feel the whole force of the author's words; and he certainly was the best person in birth and qualifications,' that had then ever walked a British stage. His manners were not only correct, but he was the respectable 'gentleman and the moralist. But no part of his character was more estimable than the duty he showed to Mr. Booth, his father, who lived to see him in fulf possession of the public admiration ; yet it is most probable it did npt reconcile him to his profession. It is not only as an actor that we must view Barton Booth, but as a poet : when a vouth 41$ ' THE HISTORY QF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS X. a youth he translated several odes of Horace; and afterwards wrote several songs and poemsi and a masque, called " Dido and -ZEneas," which was well received. Indeed, his aversion to exertion, only prevented his excelling in writing as well as in acting. The epitaph in Latin, upon the friend of his youth, Mr. William Smith, has been often and. justly quoted and printed, which did as much honour to his head as his heart. He loved .. the man : he felt grateful; ^and he always men tioned him with zeal. Mr. Smith was a player and a manager, -and, like Booth, exemplary in his . conduct towards his company. Punctual, gene rous, and just, Mr. Booth was not the tyrant, brat the friend of all who were employed in his theatre; but, unhappily, his frame sunk beneath a, complication of disorders, May 10, 1733, when at the age of 52. His first wife was the daughter of Sir William Barkham, Bart, to whom he was united in 1704, and she died six years, after wards: he then married Miss Saintlowe, an ac-' tress,, who most distinguished herself in the character of the " Fair Quaker of Deal;" but he had no issue by either. He left the whole of his property, by will, to the latter, from justice; as he declared; his possessions amounted to but two thirds of the sum he received with her on the day of their marriage. Mrs. Booth had left the stage, but returned to it probably to augment; their income, gradually lessened by his disregard- of ceconomy: upon his death she finally took leave of the public. So accurate was Mr. Booth in his attitudes, that painters, engravers, and sculp tors could consult him with propriety. His widow, who survived him nearly half a century," manifested her regard for his memory, by erect ing a monument for him in the Abbey, with a suitable inscription thereon. Soon after it was put. ¦ - up. THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND*. 417 GEORGE I, CLA-SS. X. up, attended by some friends, Mrs. Booth went to look . at it; and after considering it for some time, with attention and considerable emotion^ she returned back to her house, from which she never went out any more, but died shortly after, at a very advanced age. BENJAMIN GRIFFIN, with Johnson, as Tri* bvlation and Ananias, m&z. P. V. Rleeck sc. ad vivum. Ry a note of Granger's it appears, the picture was painted in 1738: it should be, the print was engraved, for there was no painting; and I even doubt that the date is far too late. Griffin was originally an apprentice to a glazier at Norwich; but disliking his brittle employ ment, he determined to leave his trade, and join a strolling company of comedians. Griffin at length appeared on the London stage, where he gained great reputation, as ohe of the most na~'' t-ural, unaffected comedians, that had ever. ap peared on it. He is also known as the author of . " The Key to the what d'ye call it," "Love in a " Sack," and some other small dramatic pieces, but they are held in no estimation. Benjamin Griffin was nOt the Captain Griffin mentioned by Cibber in his life. The elder Griffin died in 1740, with the character of an " honest, friendly . " man." • BENJAMIN JOHNSON, in the print with Grif- ' fw, as Ananias and Tribulation* mis. P. V> Rleeck sc ad vivum. .-'. Johnson, the comedian, though not quite eqtial to his associate, Griffin, was yet a performer ot ¦ 'considerable merit. He was many years pn the, stage, and excelled in his particular cast of parts. '; Besides the • character above mentioned, he was h Vol. III. ¦• Ee always 418 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. . ... ¦ «*: ¦ ¦ ¦¦ — . GEORGE I. CLASS X. always much applauded in those of Justice Shal low, Corbachio, and Morose. He died July 31, 1742, aged near fourscore, having kept his place upon the stage almost to the last year of his hfe. THOMAS WALKER, as Macheath, oval, eight vfrses, mez. J. Ellysp. Faber sc. 1728. Walker kept a great theatrical booth in Sotrth- wark Fair, as did Penkefhman; he also acted ia the same way in Bartholomew Fair, where Booth saw him playing the part of Paris, in the popular droll of the Siege of Troy. The first regular theatre which received him, was that of Lincoln's Inn Fields, where he performed the part of Lo renzo in the " Jew of Venice;" but he never appeared to so much advantage in any character as in that of Macheath, of Avhich he was the ori ginal performer. But Walker's Macheath was not the fine gentleman which modern actors have.' made him; more, one should suppose, from a mistaken regard to their own sentiments and ap pearance, than from a real feeling of the charac ter, and the proper mode of representing it, ac cording to the- ideas of the author. JAMES SPILLER, with a bowl of punch before him, prefixed to his " Life," 1729, 8vo. J. Relive. ¦ This print was taken from his picture painted by La Guerre, which was hung up for a sign to a public- * house kept by Spillcr, in Clare Market. *¦ ' -,-*" '< Spiller and his wife were useful performers in the common characters of comedy. He was the original Matt, of the Mint, in the " Beggar's " Opera," and was much applauded in that part. It is worthy of. remark, that all the parts in this drama must have have been admirably cast on its first THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 419 ' GEORGE 1. CLASS X. first coming out,- as almost every performer, whose name is recorded in theatrical history, as having had a share in it, is mentioned with ap plause for his performance. Spiller was taken with an apoplectic fit as he was acting in the pantomime of " Pluto and Proserpine," before the Prince of Wales, and was obliged to be car ried off the stage. He survived about a week only; dying, February 7, 1729, at the early age of 37, and was buried in St. Clement's Church yard, at the expence of Mr. Rich, the manager of, the theatre in Lincoln's Inn Fields. AN ACTRESS. ANN OLDFIELD, standing, holding a book, mez. J. Richardson p. E. Fisher sc. Ann Oldfield, prefixed to her "Life," 1761, Vr. Gucht sc. Few female theatrical performers have engaged the attention of the public more than Mrs. Old- field. We are not told what situation her father filled, but her grandfather was a vintner : she was born in Pall Mall, 1683, and her mother's history seems more interwoven with her own. Her ma ternal grandfather had an estate in land, and was in James IPs guards, but reduced his daughter to poverty by extravagance; in conse- - tjuence of which, she was apprenticed to Mrs. Wotton, a sempstress in King-street, Westmin ster. She married and buried Oldfield, and after wards became the wife of one Wood. For a short interval between her marriages she lodged with her sister, Mrs. Voss, who kept the Mitre Tavern in St. James's Market; not, I believe, the Mrs. Voss, who was Sir Godfrey Kneller's mistress. Mrs. Oldfield had her mother's propensity foe reading plays; and while bar-maid at Mrs. Voss, E e 2 Sir 420 „ THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEOKGB 1. CLASS. X. , Sir John Vanburgh hearing her read, though un observed, was so greatly surprised that he intro duced her to Rich; ahd Mrs. Cross having then eloped from the theatre with a gay baronet, she was substituted in her place. Her first cha racter was Candiope in " Secret Love;" and Mrs. Vanbruggen's. premature death in child-bed fur ther augmented her importance. Her perform ance of Lady Lurewell in the " Constant Couple," so delighted the town, that the. play had a run, of ¦< fifty-one nights. Lady Betty Modish, in the " Careless Husband," was equally well supported by her; and Mrs. Barry and Mrs. Bracegirdle leaving their profession, she became sole empress of the stage : but she went into a decline when at the height of her fame, and died after a linger ing illness/October 23, 1730, aged 47. Her corpse, dressed by Mrs. Saunders's directions, had on "a very fine Brussels lace head, a Holland " shift, with a tucker, and double ruffles of the " same lace/a pair of new kid gloves, and wrapped " up in a winding sheet." Thus richly adorned, she was carried from her house in Grosvenof- street, on the 27th, to the Jerusalem Chamber, . Westminster, where she lay in state, and about three o'clock was conveyed to the Abbey :. the pall being supported by Lord Delaware; Lord Her vey; the Right Hon. George Bubb Dodington, afterwards Lord Melcomb-Regis; Charles Hedges, Esq.; Walter Carey, Esq.; and Captain Elliot'; and her eldest, son, Arthur Mainwaring, Esq. was chief mourner. Dr.Barker,senior prebendary, then resident, read the burial service " very willingly,- "and with the greatest satisfaction." This funeral . was a striking contrast to the French^ who igno- miniously buried Mademoiselle Le Couvreur in the fields. Mrs. OJdfield appeared to great ad vantage off as well as on the stage. She had studied THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND^ * 421 GEORGE I. CLASS X. Studied books, had frequented the best company, and was inferior to none in the ease and gentility of her manners; and her understanding was highly cultivated, beyond that of many of her sex. These r accomplishments attracted the love of Arthur Mainwaring, Esq., confessedly one of the finest tjgentlemen in Britain; and no attachment could r;be more closely cemented by mutual affection. , By Mainwaring she had the son who attended her to the grave; and, by General. Churchill she had Charles, Churchill, Esq. Curll wrote, her life in 1731, under the assumed name of William Eger-. ton, Esq. in which all the characters she acted are enumerated : that of Lady Betty Modish, perhaps her greatest, was " written for, and in great mea- " sure copied from her." Cibber, who knew her well, says, that she improved in her person till thirty-six years of age, and till her death in her acting: for she endeavoured as much to excel, after the establishment of her character upon the ,. stage, as others did to obtain one. Her manners Avere gentle and conciliating, and being ex tremely moderate in her requests, she. never met •ii with a denial from foe managers; and though she might have demanded her salary to the last mo- ,. ¦ ment of her life, by her agreement, she remitted •" it when she was no longer able to appear upon, the.stage. She showed a sincere piety in her last ¦ illness; and though she erred in two instances, ¦•¦' yet she seemed ever to revere virtue, and reve rence religion. She gave, by will, annuities to .her mother, and her aunt, Jane Gourlaw; the rest of her property she divided between her two ' sons, Arthur Mainwaring 'and Charles Churchill, with survivorship if either should die in their mi nority. Lord Hrevey, John Hedges, and the Hpn. Brigadier-general Churchill were her executors. fier property was considerable; and she possessed • ••.¦.-• , • . . a pretty 422 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 1 1 ' * — — ^^ GEORGE I. CLASS X. a pretty collection of medals, statues, and pictures.. Her jewels were of great value; and she had also a considerable quantity of plate and books. The furniture of her house was equally costly: all these she ordered to be sold. A wit remarking that she was buried near two other well-known characters, who, like her, had never been married, and observing the part of the Abbey where they • all lay, threw into the grave, after the funeral service had been read, a paper, on which was penciled,; If penance in the bishop's eourt be fear'd, Congreve, and Craggs, and Oldfield, will be scar'd To find, that, at the resurrection day, They've all so near the Consistory lay. JEMIMA PALMER, 1720? C. D'Agm-pim. G. White $c. I am not certain who Jemima Palmer was, hut I think she was an actress. A STENOGRAPHER. JAMES WESTON, prefixed to his ''Stenography,". 1743, Sto. J. Dowlingp. J.Colesc. James Weston, Faber sc. Mr. Weston was, I suppose, a writing-master, and he taught drawing; but, perhaps, he most va lued himself upon instructing in the arts qf tachygraphy and stenography. An Essay towards . a further Improvement in short Hand, was pub lished in 1736 by Philip Gibbs; but, in the same year has appeared, "A Vindication of " J. Weston's Method of Short-hand, from the ' Reflections of the Rev. Mr. P. Gibbs, a disseat- "ing THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 423 is.'- .,.,,,., ¦ I GEORGE I. CLASS X. " ing Minister at Hackney, printed for the Au- " thor." The Stenography went through a second edition, which was advertized as " useful to all " members of parliament, gentlemen of the " clergy, law, &c. the second impression of " Mr. Weston's new Method of Short-hand, (au- " thorized by His Majesty,) directing to join, in "every sentence, two, three, four, five; six, or fC more words together in one, without taking " off the pen, in the twinkling of an eye, by the " signs of the English moods, tenses, persons, " participles, &c. never before invented : and " what is sufficient to teach any the art perfectly, " without further instruction, though they may " know nothing of Latin; as is attested by several • ** gentlemen of the clergy, law, &c. at the begin- ¦(t ningof the- book. To be sold by himself, at the " Hand and Pen, over against Norfolk-street in ft the Strand. N-.B-. If the book does not teach *' any purchaser perfectly, he hereby obliges . " himself to teach them gratis," WRITIHGrMASTERS. WILLIAM BROOKS, prefixed to his " Delightful "Recreation for the Industrious," 1717, Tomlin- son p. G. Bickham sc. When Mr. Brooks published the above book he . could have been but young, as he was born in 1696. It consisted of twenty-one plates, in oblong folio, ' of plain and practical writing, very neat and true, G. Bickham sc. who informed the reader, in a note, ' " that the original pieces were fairly performed " with the pen; and likewise the ornamental " part struck by command of hand, part in his r E e 4 " presence, 424 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND; — . ¦ - ' ' " ' ' ' _.'-"¦ 'ii.irni. GEORGE, I. CLASS X. " presence, and the rest at the author's leisure " hours." Bickham 's assertion adds much to the merit of the performance; and the author adds, in his preface: "pleasure, not profit, was the f' stimulus, except what arose from a wish to ." serve the youth Of his country; and, that if" he " Was encouraged by the public approbation;'he " would perform something of that, or another: f nature, to further promote their advantage :" but.it does not appear that he made such an at tempt. In Bickham's " Penman's Companion" js. one pf his pieces, dated 1720; and in his 1 '. ."Universal Penman," printed in 1741, another. Brooks originally kept a school at the corner of Hayes Court, at the upper end of Gerrard-street, near Newport Market, where he taught writing, , arithmetic, and merchants' accounts; but he re moved to Castle-strCet, in the Park, Southwark, after having married the widow of Mr. Dennis Smith, who had previously kept that school. Rer ' tiring thence, he was succeeded by Mr. Richard - Morris,-' another celebrated penman. Brooks then went to Much, or Great Baddow, near C helms- : ford, in Essex, where he died, In 1749, aged 53; There is an incident mentioned in his dedication to the Archbishop of Canterbury, in his " De- " lightful Recreation," which is interesting, and : mych to his credit. The young Indian, or rather American prince, brought from South Carolina, who had received the name of George Forcenza, . was placed under his care, by the Society for the '.¦¦ Propagation of the Gospel in foreign Parts, with ,, ' a desire that .he should' be instructed in writing, arithmetic, and the principles of the Christian ¦ religion. So .assiduous was this unenlightened young person, that Mr. Brooks declared, that'in six months he could read the Bible; and had •'•'¦. * •.•. . . ¦ made . THE "HfSTORY OF ENGLAND. 425 GEORGE I. ' CLASS X. made such a progress in writing aiid arithmetic, as was scarcely to be*paralleled in so short a time. ;However, the tutor must have taken great care >,: of him, and have amply repaid, the . confidence placed in him by" the society, who, no doubt se lected him, as a person of established reputation for religious conduct and professional acquire- ¦ ments, •• "ABRAHAM NICHOLAS, prefixed to his " Com plete Writing-Master," 1722, G. Bickham sc. . Abraham Nicholas, with ornaments. , ¦'<' This writing-master was the son of Abraham ; Nicholas, who kept a writing-school in Bread- street, London, and under whose tuition, it is supposed, he became a celebrated penman. The senior Nicholas was a man of abilities, and pub lished " The Young Accountant's Debitor and Creditor," . 8vo. which was reprinted in 1713. The junior Abraham, born in 1692, lived at the ¦' Hand and Pen in the same street, and probably ' succeeded his father. He published, in 1715, "Various Examples of Penmanship," in fifteen .plates. This small copy-book was. engraved by .-, Rickham, -and passed through another edition in .1717. His " Penman's Assistant'" and " Youth's ¦/" Instructor" appeared in 1719, consisting of fifteen narrow plates, with only two lines on each plate. It contains an alphabet of examples in -.- round-hand, without the 'engraver's name; and it ¦ was sold by H. Overton, at the White Horse, with out Newgate. These seem to have raised his re- . putatipn, and to have enabled him to remove to . Clapham, where, he kept a very considerable ' boarding-school. His " Complete Writing-mas ter;," engraved by Bickham, on thirty-one long plates', exclusive of his portrait, was pub- '• .' .• '- lished 426 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. ' — — — ¦ . ¦¦¦¦ .. .. . ^ • '. ,¦ .¦¦' '*"?» GEORGE I. CLASS X. ¦ -. - -¦'¦' '.-... . j lished in 1725,- and Bickham says, in a letter pre fixed, addressed to Mr. John Bowles, printseller a,t Mercer's HalJ : — " I never saw any pieces that " were wrote with greater* command of hand than " the originals of that book." In the same year he sent to Bickham, for his "Penman's Companion," two specimens of his abilities, one of German text, the other in print-hand. For some reason, not mentioned, he went to America, and settled in Virginia, where he died about 1744,; but his brother, James Nicholas, continued the boardtngr school which he had established at Clapham, and supported it with reputation. There is one of' his pieces in Abraham's " Complete Writrng- '-' master/' DANCING-MASTERS. JOHN SHAW, mez. J. Ellysp, Faber so. Mr. Shaw, a' dancing-master, died in 1740; ¦ *— ISAAC, oval frame, large wig and gown, mez. L. Goupy p, G, White sc, Mr. Isaac was a dancing-master, of great repu tation, in his day. But though he has been pro mised as much immortality as belongs to. any human works of genius, by. a votary of the Muses*, it is greatly to be apprehended, that his name and his performance are now equally out of remembrance, as out of fashion. * " And Isaac's. Rigad«on shall live as ions *' As Raphael's pointing, or as Virgil's song," The Art of Dancing. Mr. THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 42? GEORGE I. CLASS X. Mr. KELLOM TOMLINSON, Author of the "Ori ginal Art of Dancing," Composer, Writer of Dances and their Music, for the Use and Entertainment of the Public, Richard V. Bleeck p. 1716, F. Morellon le Cave se. 1754. . This. person, whose Christian name was pro perly Kenelm, learnt his art under that celebrated master, Mr. Caverley, of Queen's Square, Hoi- born, *with whom he lived from the year 1707 to . 1714. At quitting him he set up for himself, as a. teacher; and, from the appeal he makes in the preface to his. " Art of Dancing, explained by " Reading and Figures," to the nobility and . gentry of both sexes, who had learnt of him, it 'Should seem, with great reputation and success. This work, the second edition of which was print ed^ 4to. with numerous plates, in 1744,, with his portrait prefixed, appears to have been long in hand, and to have engaged his leisure time and attention for many years; and he complains much of unfair dealing, by the publication of a translation on the same subject from the French,. on the back of his advertisement for printing his work. As a proof of the mastery he had obtained in the art of teaching, he mentions, as extraordi- , 'nary instances of the proficiency of his pupils, • two in particular, who had appeared upon the 'Stage with no small applause: the one, Mr. John . Tppham, who danced upon both theatres, under the name of Mr. Kellom's scholar, when he had been with him not quite three years. The other, . Miss Frances, who, on the Theatre Royal in Little , Lincoln's Inn Fields, performed the Passacaile de Scilla, consisting of above a thousand measures, or steps, without making the least mistake; to Which he adds- ; " that she left him in the midst of " her 428 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. QBOKGB I. CLASS X. " her improvement." The plates, representing ladies and gentlemen in the several parts of the dance, were engraved by Vandergucht, Vertue, King, Fletcher, and others, the best artists of that day; and, as they represent the. costume of the time, and the court dresses, both male ahd female, are very curious and interesting. Each plate is dedicated to a lady or gentleman, most Of 'whom had been his scholars, ahd were subscribers to hisl book. PRINTSELLERS. EDWARD COOPER, a roll in his hand, mez. J. Vr. Fixer Pelham sc, 1724, Cooper was a' printseller, and resided at the Three Pigeons in Bedford-street, Covent Garden, who died, in all probability, about the beginning of' 1725, as art' advertisement appeared in the '" Daily Post," in April that year, relative to the sale of his household goods, copperplates, prints, &c. He was so fond of his child that he had an engraving made of him, as has been mentioned jn the late reign. JOHN OVERTON,^/. 68, 1708, wig,bandrito, mez. Mr. Overton was a printseller. It would be pleasant if collectors knew more of our print- . sellers, from Peter Stent, George Humble, and " Others in the reigns of Charles I. and II. In that • of William III. John Bullfinch flourished, who has . been already noticed; and Granger, mentions Rowlet, as selling the print of Dolson : butthe celebrated* mezzotinter Smith was a kind; of mb-. nopolizer of the trade, Overton appears to me THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 429 GEORGE I. CLASS X. ¦¦ ' ' ' ... . i i . to have succeeded him in this business; being, in his ' day, the principal vender oj engravings. Granger conjectured. Overton to have been de scended from the family -pf the name of a place in Hants, but he says nothing more of him. Was he not some way concerned with Scott, who was a person of great respectability, and the most eminent bookseller in Europe, who resided in Little Britain, the grand emporium, for a good length of time, for books of every description. Several of the trade were men of learning; and there the literati went to converse with each other. They could do this no where so well as at Overton's, especially if they wished to know any thing relative to foreign literature : as he had warehouses at Franckfort, (celebrated for its fairs of books, ) Paris, and other places. He Con tracted with Herman Moll, of St.. Paul's Church- '< yard, to purchase his trade; but Moll failing, he lost half the 10,000Z. he owed him. Scott, who was a good scholar, spent his time in reading, after his leaving off business. Granger extracted this account from the Life of Dr. John North, and placed it as relative to Overton : I therefore should suppose there was some connexion be tween them. Booksellers were then called libra rians, and probably printselling was a branch, of trade annexed to it. I do not know the date of Overton's decease. I should imagine, Smith., -Cooper, and Overton, made it a very profitable trade : for Mr. John King, senior, a printseller in the Poultry, who died September 7, 1738, left 1,0,000*. The next great printseller was Mr. John Bowles, at the Black Horse in Cornhill; a. catalogue of whose maps, prints, &c. now before me, dated 1764,. evinces he must, have had- a very considerable stock; and it is well known that he left a large property. He removed from Corn- 430 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS X. hill; and the " Gentleman's Magazine" thus no tice's his death : "April 8, 1757, died Mr. Thomas " Bowles, the great printseller, late of St. Paul's " Church-yard." TRADESMEN AND MECHANICS. JOHN LOFTING, very rare. Mr. Lofting, a merchant of London, was flie inventor and patentee of the fire-engine, as we are informed by the engraving; in one corner of which is a view of the Monument, and in an other, the Royal Exchange, &c. The engines are represented as at work, with letter-press explana tions. JACOB TONSON, in his cap and night-gown, . G. Kneller p. Faber sc. 1733. ' • v,: Jacob Tonson, bookseller, acquired a very large property, and had the character of being remarkably liberal to authors; so that a. writer says: — " By booksellers, wit and learning have " received more ample, more substantial encOu- " ragement, than from all the princely or noble " patrons, from Augustus down to Lewis. XIV. " What astonishing sums have been paid for ma- " nuscripts by ourTonsons, our Lintots; and yet " there are still greater sums paid now by far " than was in Tonson's time. Indeed, very liberaf- " and very munificent acts have distinguished. " the booksellers now living." Tonson was well known to Dryden, who sent him his manuscript translation af Virgil, and was refused the price foe asked; THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 431 GEOKGB I. CLASS X. . fair, "\ ¦ r lr. J asked; upon which the indignant bard wrote this discription of him : With leering look, bull-fac'd, and freckled fair, With two left legs, with Judas-colour'd hair, And frowsy pores, that taint the ambient air. which he enclosed to the bookseller, with this gentle addition : — " Tell the dog, that he who "wrote them can write more." Jacob, abashed, counted out the money, and sent it, as he would "have given a sop to Cerberus. Tonson was well known as secretary to the Kit Cat Club, held ori ginally at Christopher Cat's, who kept the Foun tain tavern in the Strand, but afterwards at Barn- Elms in Surry, near which place one of his sons purchased abouse in 1747. The Duke of Somerset 'presenting him with his portrait, all the other "members of this celebrated whig club did the shme. The tories threw many a squib at the assembly, and it gave rise to the " Kit Cats," a poem : "Hence did th' assembly's title first arise, "And Kit' Cat wits sprung first froni Kit Cat pyes." Cat was femous'for his mutton pyCs, which were always a standing dish. Granger gives this pa rody as 'very applicable : Eat mutton once, and you need eat no more, .All other meats appear so mean, so poor; Eat it again, nay, oft'ner of it eat, . And you will find you need no other meat. Tonson's mutton excellently well agreed with him ; for he lived to the age of 80, and died at Ledburv in Herefordshire, in 1735. His wealth was very considerable, and the family was for a ,. long 432 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND.. ZT=L ' ' ' f GEORGE I. CLASS. X. long time printers to the government. Swift, at the change of Queen Ann's ministry, procured the office for Mr. Barber, the tory. printer; but, I believe, at the accession of George I. the Ton-' sons regained and retained it for many years. JOHN GURNEY, oval frame, own hairi sheep feeding, ships sailing, twenty-one verses, 1720, rare. Mr. Giirney, a most respectable man, resident in. the City of Norwich, was- " a Quaker, eminent " for his knowledge of trade, good temper, and " great abilities." Indeed, his religious send- ¦ ments alone prevented his receiving the civic honours of his opulent city, to which place'he , appears to have been a great.benefactor,' by en couraging and promoting its woollen manufac ture. He died January 26, 1741, leaving a son;, named John, who will be mentioned in the next reign. , • . ; JOSEPH WILLIAMS, Mt. 6i, a small oval, J. ' Taylor sc. , ' • Mr. Williams was a clothier of Kidderminster in Worcestershire, and died in 1755. BENJAMIN BRADLEY, holding a pipe, botUe, ' $SC on a table, " The Best in Christendom: without ¦ " Excise," mez. A. Pond p. J. Faber sc. * . Mr. Bradley was a tobacconist, and, if not- a • boaster, a very capital one, who is. said to have died in 1751. Benjamin Bradley, a Virginian merchant, who died in 1732 or 1733, we may reasonably suppose, was his near relation, and by him he was supplied with thisxhoice article, upon • the THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 433 11 m ¦ ¦ .,— m. ..-¦¦- ,¦¦¦,.„, „..^ ¦ « i n «¦!¦»— ¦ ..-,..¦, -.ii... . _ '¦* i ¦ » im' :i GEORGE I. CLASS X. the best terms, which enabled him to obtain great credit in his trade; but whether his own vanity, . or the gratitude of his customers, prompted the engraving of his features, does not appear. This print, with • its emblems, evidently alludes to the famous triumph of the tobacco trade, in the de- Feat of Sir Robert Walpole's memorable scheme for subjecting that article, and wine, to the duties ..of excise; in 1732; on which occasion it is most probable that Mr. Bradley distinguished himself . by a zealous opposition to it. JOHN STURGES, Turk's, cap, furred and laced habit, mez. J. Vr. Bank p. F. Kyte.sc 1733. JoffN Sturoes, in ,a velvet cap, and holding a pair of compasses, mez; J. Vr. Bank p. 1726, G. White sculp. . ., This fine-dressed man was by. trade a carpenter, according to" Bromley; but another gentleman ' thought he was a comedian: and Granger 'Sup posed him to have been a gentleman who had vi- ' sited Turkey;and adds; that hewas living in Blooms- " bury in 1769. • "He was the vainest of the vain; ' and is said to have paid 801. in one year for por traits of himself, painted by- Vanderbank and others.- ' The first engraving of Sturges was begun by White, who finished the head and part of the . drapery; but Kyte completed the print, and mo- ' . destly put his i .name to it. Of this print, which has been much injured, and very badly retouched, ." it is difficult, at this time of day, to obtain a good impression. nr MARSHALL, an etching, Mo. ;a'.. Marshall, it is said, was a spectacle-maker in ' London. The trade seems mean; yet what can V01/.JIL . •• Ff ' equal 434 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. _ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦* • - i GEORGE I. CLASS. XI. ¦ - i -¦• equal the blessing bf being, as it were, restored to sight again, when age has dimmed the eyes : none but a perverse Swift would renounce the advantage to be derived from glasses. How much does science owe to the invention ! Had Marshall been the inventor, instead of vender, of spec tacles, we might have voted him a statue; yet, if he excelled in his trade, his contemporaries ought, in gratitude, to have, told us something of his history, or, at feast, the exact method he used to assist their sight. JAMES SMITH, Mt. 47, 1717, fol. S. Tuncksp. J. Pine sc. This man was a maker of false eyes, ft is ex traordinary how well the eye may be imitated. I have known two gentlemen who each wore a false eye, yet I never suspected either of them as being deprived of a real one; but I thought they- had a peculiar set look with one of their eyes. Whether Smith was the inventor of false eyes or not, I cannot discover; if so, he deserves double credit.' HUMPHRY SKELTON, sitting in a contemplative posture, bare head, six English verses, anonymous. mez. H, Hysing p. Faber sc. 1728. This person was of the trade of an upholsterer, but why he should have been represented in this melancholy posture, or indeed engraved at all, it is difficult to conjecture. This notice of his print may be the means of obtaining some information concerning his personal history, and if he is pro perly an object of fame, may, after a long repose, again restore him to Celebrity. LE BECK, THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 435 a.'. ¦ v ¦ ' = GEORGE I, CLASS. X. ¦— < — — LE BECK, in a linen cap, holding a glass, G. Kneller p. A. Miller sc 1739. Le Beck, Trotter sc. Le Beck was one of the most celebrated taVern- keepers of his time, but he was not without his rivals. In the " Hind and Panther" transversed, Pontac's eating-house is mentioned with Epicu rean honour: " When at Pontac's he may regale himself." Pontac's was chiefly frequented as a mutton- chOp-house; but every luxury might be had there. Braund's was another noted place of this kind; as was the Castle, near Covent Garden, me morable for its celebrated cook, John Pierce, 'where a most gallant act was performed by some licentious persons, who taking off one of the shoes from a noted courtezan, filled it with wine, and drank her health, and then consigned it to Pierce to dress it for them; when Tom produced it, exquisitely ragooed, for their supper. Caviac was master of a house of entertainment, of whom Amherst sung : "Now sumptuously at Caviac's dine, " And drink the very best of wine." John White's chocolate-house was well known, and the man died September 28, 1768, possessed of a very considerable fortune. None, however,. excelled Le Beck in providing of the best food, exquisitely cooked, and the most admirable wines; nor did he yield to any of his compeers in the extravagance of his charges. Perhaps Le Becks temple was the best provided in London for the devotees of the Epicurean sect; and their high ' priest seems to have been a large, tremendous- F f 2 looking 436 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. L" " ¦ "¦ '" '"*¦ ' "- '"" —'-'¦ '""' "" -¦¦ -¦-¦ .T.7-- ' ¦" -»-¦¦¦¦! GEORGE I. CLASS X. T L •. — ..• - . ¦.:..:¦¦¦ ''. " -. looking man, fit for the ancient office of killing the largest victims offered at their altars. I should have thought myself highly reprehensible in speaking of these different places of proud luxury, if I had not recollected, that London can still supply the votaries of good-eating wifh at least as excellent dishes, as good wine, and at as high prices, as even distinguished the days of far-famed Le Beck, whose mighty head became the sign of a noted tavern in the next reign. As In ancient Egypt there was a physician for every disease, so Lord Kaims recommends a cook for each separate dish. Happy, thrice happy, the contented rural rector, who has good plain food nicely dressed ; for, with him, ¦ \ " No cook with art increas'd physicians' fees, " Nor serv'd up death in soups and fricasees." Garth. EDWARD KIDDER, prefixed to his " Receipts," 8vo. R. Shepherd sc. Kidder, a pastry-cook, fearful that his excellent receipts should be lost by his death, patrioti cally gave them to the world before that la mentable event occurred. This maker of puffs died in 1739, at the age of 73. A person of the same name, and most likely an immediate de scendant, was lately living in Holborn; but the family dignity had suffered some abatement, as the practical part appeared to have taken the lead of the theory of the science, the academy having given way to the humbler designation of a pastry-cook's shop. As a proof of how great importance it was once esteemed, one of the ori ginal THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 437 -¦ ' "' " - i • ~'.s , GEORGE I. CLASS XI. ¦ — t — ' ginal professors' bills is given at length in the note*. CLASS XI. LADIES. DUCHESSES. ELIZABETH PERCY, Duchess of Somerset, in an oval, rare, mez. Recket sc Elizabeth Percy, Duchess of Somerset, mez. W. Clarke sc. sold by Recket : these two are from the same plate. Elizabeth Percy, Duchess of Somerset, Mt. circa 71, mez. P. Lely p. A. Rrowne exc. mentioned by Granger. See his observations upon it. Elizabeth Percy, Duchess of Somerset, same atti tude as Lucy Loftus, Lely p. E. Cooper sc. There have been few characters more memo rable for circumstances not depending upon her self than this Duchess of Somerset, sole daughter and heir of her father, Josceline, in whom termi nated the male line of the Percys, Earls of North umberland, equally memorable for their valour, their turbulence, and their vast possessions. Henry Cavendish, earl of Ogle, only son of Henry, duke of Newcastle, was affianced to her; but his death, in 1680, prevented consummation. Thomas Thynne, Esq. next aspired to this rich heiress; but the infamous Count Coningsmark had him * Within an engraved border : « To all young ladies, at Edward Kidto-g " pastry-school in Little Lincoln's Inn Fields, are taught aU sorts of pastry " and cookery, Dutch hollow-works and butter-works, on Thursdays, *ri-. " days, Saturdays, in the afternoon ; and en the same days m the mornmg, at "Ms school in Norris-street, in St. James's Haymarket ; and at his school "in St. Martin's le Grand, ou Monday, Tuesday, and Wednesday, in tho •f afternoon." • , F f 3 shot 438 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. j i .- =y GEORGE I. CLASS XI. shot dead, Sunday, February 12, 1682, with a musketoon,in his coach, at broad day, in Pall M?H, London, as they were on the eve of their nup tials. So little impression, however, did this dreadful accident appear to have made on the lady's min.d, that. she suffered herself to be led to the altar, as a bride, by Charles Seymour, duke of Somerset, K.G. May 30, following. This pair blazed in the court of Charles II. retired from those of James II. and William III. ; and in that of Queen Ann they shone forth again, with great lustre, when the Duke became Master of the Horse, and the Duchess succeeded Her Grace of Marlborough in the custody of the golden key: and she enjoyed more of her royal mistress's, con-?. fidence than all the other ladies who were about her person. . She was the determined enemy of the tory party; and her attachment to the whigs brought them into great estimation in the reign of George I. She died November 23," 1722, leav-, ing issue, Algernon, the last Duke of Somerset of this line, and other children. The duke her husband married again, and died, far advanced^ in the reign of George II. retaining his interest to the last. By her marriage she conveyed to the Seymours, together with a very large property, the ancient baronies of Percy, Lucy, Poinings, Fitzpain, Brian, and Latimer, which titles were afterwards inherited by her grand-daughter, the - late Duchess of Northumberland, in her own right. RACHAEL RUSSEL, Duchess of Devonshire, ia Harding's " Rritish Characters." Lady Rachael RusseJ, daughter of the first duke of Bedford, born in 1674, and sister of the ami able, but unfortunate Lord Russel, married WU Iiam. THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 439 GEORGE I. CLASS XI. liam 'Cavendish, second duke of Devonshire, knight of the garter, a statesman and soldier. Her Grace died December 28, 1725, and the duke June 4, 1729, when he was succeeded by their eldest son, William, third duke of Devonshire. MARCHIONESSES. ANNE LEE, Marchioness of Wharton, first wife of Thomas, mez. Lely p. R. Earlom sc. in the Houghton Collection. Ann, daughter and co-heir of Sir Henry Lee, of Ditchley in Oxfordshire, Bart, was first wife of Thomas Wharton, Baron Wharton, comptroller of the household in the reign of William III. His ' lordship was created by Queen Ann, Viscount of Winchendon and Earl of Wharton, honours which this lady shared with him. But it is probable she died before George I. raised him to the rank of Marquis of Wharton and Malmsbury in England, and Marquis of Catherlough,Earl of Rathfarnham, and Baron of Trim, in Ireland, of which kingdom he was lord lieutenant in 1709. He died April 12, 1715, when ibrd privy seal, and was buried at Winchendon in Buckinghamshire; and he had a second wife, Lucy, daughter of Adam Loftus, lord Lisburne of Ireland. This nobleman's suc cessor was the eccentric and unfortunate Philip, duke of Wharton, who died in Spain, but by which of the wives does not appear. The mar quis's daughters were by the last lady: Jane, married to^John Holt, Esq. of Redgrave in Nor folk, and to Robert Coke, of Longford in Derby shire, Esq.; and Lucy, the divorced wife of Sir William Morice, Bart, Jane, the elder sister, who was the last of her family, died in 1761. Ff4 LUCY 440 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND". GEORGE 1. CLASS XI. LUCY LOFTUS, Marchioness of Wharton, before her marriage, mez. P. Lely p. R. Thompson exc. Lucy, daughter and heir of Adam Loftus, Lord Lisburne of the kingdom of Ireland, became the second wife of Thomas Wharton, marquis of Wharton in England, and marquis of Catheflough in Ireland. She brought this sensible, but most profligate peer, the estate of Rathfarnham, which the Duke of Wharton sold to William Conolly, Esq. speaker of the Irish House of Commons, for 62,0001, COUNTESSES. ANN CAPEL, Countess of Carlisle, in Harding's " Rritish Cabinet." The Countess of Carlisle, Only surviving daugh ter of Arthur Capel, Earl of EsSex, married Charles Howard, third earl of Carlisle, a nobleman who appeared with great honour in the courts of James II. William and Mary, Ann, George I. and George II. The earl died May 1, 1738; and Lady Carlisle died a widow, October 14, 1752, when she had attained the age of 78 years. > Her lady ship was buried in the Essex vault in Watford Church, Hertfordshire, and the poor blessed her memory for the benevolent attentions she paid them. Indeed, the extensive charities she gave, made her loss severely felt, by the indigent. FRANCES FELTON, Countess of Bristol, when Lady Harvey, 1695, oval, hood, book, inez. M. Dahl p. J. Symons sc. This print was afterwards in a square form. FRANCES' THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 441 GEORGE 1. CLASS XI. V Frances, second wife of John Hervey, Lord Harvey, created Earl of Bristol, was sole daughter and heir of Sir Thomas Felton, of Playford in the county of Suffolk, Bart, comptroller of the house hold to Queen Ann. The countess held the place of a lady of the bed-chamber to Caroline, consort of George II. both when Princess of Wales and when queen, and died May 2, 1741. She had four sons and six daughters : John, the eldest, called to the House of Peers, was the well- known statesman, who died before his father; when George William, his eldest son, succeeding his grandfather, became the second Earl of Bristol of the Hervey family. JANE TEMPLE, Countess of Portland, in Hard ing's " Rritish Cabinet." Jane, sixth daughter of Sir John Temple, of East-Sheen in the county of Surry, Bart, sister of Henry Temple, Viscount Palmerson, was first married to John Berkley, Lord Berkley, of Stral- ton; after whose death William Bentmck, first earl of Portland, then a widower, led her again to the altar, May 16, 1700. She was a lady pos sessed of so much prudence and so many accom plishments, that she was fixed upon to be gover ness to the three elder princesses, daughters of His Majesty George II. and died March 26, 1751, leaving issue by his lordship two sons and four daughters : the former settled in Holland, where they" were nobles; and the latter married Bri tish or Irish subjects of high rank. BESSEY SAVAGE, Countess of Rochford, sitting in robes, holding a coronet, mez. C. D'Jgarp. Smith sc. 1723. This 442 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGB I. CLASS XI. This lady, the wife and the mother of an earl, was the daughter and co-heir of the gay Richard Savage, Earl Rivers, whose illegitimate son was Savage the poet. She married Frederick Nassau de Zuleistein, third earl of Rochford, who died in June, 1737, greatly regretted by a private circle; and had been a most advantageous alliance for him, as her father, who died August 18, 1712, made her the sole heir of his estates : she after wards married the Rev. Carter. By Lord Rochford she had issue, William Henry, fourth earl of Rochford; and Richard Savage Nassau de Zuleistein, who, by the Dowager Duchess of Ha milton and Brandon, had William Henry Nassau de Zuleistein, the fifth and present nobleman. The countess died June 23, 1746; by whose death 4000Z. per .annum went to her elder, and 10,000/, to her younger son. VISCOUNTESSES. DOROTHY WALPOLE, Viscountess Townshend, in Cox's "Memoirs," E. Harding sc. 1802, Dorothy, daughter of Robert Walpole, Esq. of Houghton in Norfolk, became the second wife of Charles Townshend, Viscount Townshend. This lady was a national treasure, who cemented the political union of her husband, Lord Townshend, and her brother, Sir Robert Walpole, the minister, afterwards created Earl of Orford; but after her ladyship's death, which happened March 29, 1726, the brothers-in-law at first were distant, then jealous of each other, and at last were rancorous to an excess. Lord Townshend had four sons and two daughters by this lady. ANN; THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 443 GEORGE I. CLASS XI. ANN PIERPOINT, Lady Torrington, pointing ¦with her left-hand, mez. Kneller p. 1709, Smith sc. 1720. This lady was the youngest daughter of Robert Pierpoint, Esq. of Nottingham, which he repre sented in several parliaments, in the reign of Charles II. and married Thomas Newport, cre ated by George I, June 25, 1716, Baron of Tor rington in Devonshire. That nobleman was the fourth son of Francis, earl of Bradford; and Lady Torrington was of a branch of the Pierpoints,. dukes of Kingston, so that they seemed equal in birth. Lord Torrington died in 1719, without issue by this lady, or his two former marriages, consequently the title became extinct; but his lady survived till February, 1734-5. NOBLEMEN'S DAUGHTERS, BARONETS- LADIES, &c. Lady ANN MONTAGU^ wife of Sir Richard Edgcombe, Sec. wh. length, inscribed Mrs. Ann Mon tague, mez. Lely p. Rrowne (exc) Lady Ann Montagu, wife of Sir Richard Edg- combe, &c. mez. Lely p. R. Thompson exc Lady Ann Montagu, third, but second sur viving daughter of Edward Montagu, earl of Sandwich, KG, married Sir Richard Edgcombe, of Mount Edgcombe, created knight of the bath at the coronation of Charles II. who repre sented Launceston in one, and Cornwall in three parliaments; and was a lord commissioner of the treasury, and vice-treasurer of Ireland. Sir Richard died in 1688, and was buried at Meker; after which she married Christopher Montagu, Esq. 444 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS XI. Esq. elder brother of Charles Montagu, earl of Halifax, a commissioner of the excise, and fiye times returned a representative for the town of Northampton. I believe Lady Montagu survived him, and died March 14, 1729-30; she was bu ried near her first husband, by whom only she had children. Her only surviving son, Richard Edg combe, created Baron of Mount Edgcombe, was ancestor of the Earl of Mount Edgcombe. The Hon. CONSTANTIA SMITHSON, H. Va- relstp. J. Smith sc. The Hon, Constantia Smithson was the only daughter of Henry Hare, first lord Colerane, by his first wife, Constantia, daughter of Henry Lucy, of Broxborne, Herts, Bart, and married Hugh Smithson, Esq. of Armine in the West Riding of Yorkshire, and of Tottenham in Middlesex, in which parish Lord Colerane had a seat : he re presented the county of Middlesex in five par liaments.. She was his second wife, had no issue, and was buried at Tottenham, August 28, 1726. Her husband's three children by his previous marriage, dying without issue, he devised his estate to his heir, Sir Hugh Smithson, Bart., whq subsequently became Duke of Northumberland, K.Gj and filled, at different times, some of the greatest offices in the state; sustaining his vast possessions and high honours with as little envy, and as much ease, as if they had descended to him through a long line of ancestral dignity and he reditary wealth. Lady ,H3l :;;";•, ¦-, ^w; «v S>f'.: ;'-" ¦ ';r f-oib J i>'->- 1."'.. "< ' '•-• >i?.ttl THE HISTORY OF ENGMND. 445 GEORGE I. CLASS XI. Lady WORSLEY, a proof, flowers in her right- hand, and a basket with flowers, mez. This Lady Worsley was Frances, only daughter of Thomas Thynne, Viscount Weymouth, and married Sir Robert Worsley, of Appledore-Comb in the Isle of Wight, who died July 29, 1747. Her ladyship died April 2, 1750, having had issue, four sons and five daughters; but unfortu nately all the sons died before their parents. Robert, the eldest, was greatly respected and beloved, and died while a student at St. John's College, Cambridge, in 1714, aged 19 years. Of the daughters, Frances only lived to become a wife, and married John Carteret, Lord Carteret, afterwards Earl Granville, whose son Robert, se cond and last earl Granville, became heir to Sir Robert and Lady Worsley. It was of this accom plished and beautiful lady that the poet sung : " And other beauties envy Worsley's eyes,." ANN ROYDHOUSE, Lady Morgan, ./. JS. De Medina p. J. Smith sc. Ann, only daughter and heir of John Royd- house, of St. Martin's in the Fields, Middlesex, Esq. married Sir Thomas Morgan, Bart, of Cham- ston in the Golden Vale, and of Kinnersley ' Castle in Herefordshire: in the latter seat are many portraits of the family of Morgan. Sir Thomas Morgan, who represented the county of Hereford in 1710, and the two subsequent par liaments, died December 14, 1716. The only issue of this marriage was Sir John Morgan, Bart. member of parliament for the city of Hereford in 1734. DIANA 44S THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS. XI. DIANA CECIL, wife of Sir Edmund Turner, first inscribed " Madam Turner" mez. Kneller p. Recket sc. This lady Was the only daughter and sole heir of the Hon. Algernon Cecil, sixth son of William Cecil, second earl of Salisbury, member of par liament for Old Sarum in 1660 and 1661, who died in 1677. She married Sir Edmund Turner, of Stoke-Rochford in the county of Lincoln, Knt. youngest son of Sir Christopher Turner, of Mil ton-Ernest in Bedfordshire, Knt. Sir Edmund was purveyor of the out-ports in the reigns of Charles II. James II. William III. and Queen Ann, and held employments both in the cursitor and alienation offices. Lady Diana died a widow, in December, 1735, aged 73, and was called, in the " Historical Register," " Mrs. Turner, a rich widow " lady, of Queen Square, by Ormond-street*." By marrying Sir Edmund, (who was born in 1619,) when he was much advanced in years, she probably obtained a great addition to her own fortune. His first wife was Margaret, daugh ter of Sir John Harrison, of Balls in the county of Herts, Knt. who died July 30, 1679,- leaving issue, John; Christopher; and Elizabeth, married to Sir Justinian Isham, Bart. ELEANOR BOWES, mez. J. Simon sc. I believe the lady above named to have been Elizabeth, sole child and heir of the Hon. Thomas Verney, eldest son and heir-apparent of George Verney, Lord Willoughby de Broke: she was born , after her father's death, who fell a victim to the * See tfie "Chronological Diary" for 1736, in the omissions of the preceding year. small-pox. THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 447 GEORGE I. CLASS XI. small-pox, in May, 1710. Her mother was Elea nor, youngest daughter of Thomas, Lord Leigh, of Stoneleigh in Warwickshire. This lady, the daughter, also, named Eleanor, married, in Octo ber, 1724, George Bowes, Esq. of Streatham in the bishopric of Durham, who represented that county in several parliaments. She died Decem ber 14, 1742, without issue, aged 31; and her husband afterwards married Mary, only daughter of Edward Gilbert, of Paul's- Walden in Hertford shire, by whom he had Mary Eleanor, his only child aiid heir, who married first John Lyon, earl of Strathmore, carrying a vast fortune into that ancient family. After his lordship's death she re-married with Andrew Robinson Stoney, Esq. but both her husbands adopted her surname by acts of parliament. Lady Strathmore died a few years since, leaving her last husband surviving. SARAH, Lady Piers, h. sh. mez. Simon sc. Sarah, daughter of Matthew Roydon, Esq. originally of Roydon in Yorkshire, married Sir George Piers, Bart, of Stonepit in the parish of Scale, Kent, whose family was of Westfield in Sussex; but Lawrence Piers, Esq. marrying Ca therine, daughter of John Theobald, Esq. of Stonepit, obtained that ancient seat, and removed there. Sir Thomas Piers, his son, the first ba ronet, was grandfather of Sir George Piers, Bart. this lady's husband, who died in 1720, and was buried with his relations in the church of Scale; . as it is probable his lady may have been, though I have not discovered the time of her decease. A Lady Piers died in 1720, but she was the wile of Sir Charles Piers, Knt. and alderman of Lon don. Soon after the death of Sir George, Stone- pit was alienated, and is now the property ot 448 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. ¦ i I - . -1 u — ' GEORGE I. CLASS XI. Mr. Richard Round. It is a singular circum stance; that the date of the Piers' patent of crea tion is omitted in our baronetages, at least I have never met with it. ELIZABETH CARTERET, Lady Carteret, in a summer-house, holding a bunch of grapes, mez. J. Kersboom p. J. Smith sc. The print of this Lady Carteret has, with some al terations, been called Lady Compton. The family of Carteret is very numerous, and consequently the history of particular branches of it is a good deal confused. I have taken no small pains to satisfy myself respecting this lady, who was evidently by birth and marriage a Car teret, and it is equally certain her husband was a baronet. Bromley tells us she was the wife of Sir Philip, and that she died in 1717, aged 52, who is right in asserting a Lady Dowager Car teret died March 28, 1717, but I do not think she was the lady represented in the above print; and rather suppose her to have been Dame Elizabeth Carteret, who died , 1715, aged 34, and was buried in Westminster Abbey, wife, I pre sume, to Sir Charles Carteret, of St. Owen in the isle of Jersey, Bart, a gentleman of the privy chamber to Queen Ann, and high bailiff of that island in Her Majesty's reign, and at the acces sion of King George I. Sir Charles died June 8, 1715, and was buried in Westminster Abbey; and in him the title of baronet, as conferred upon his father, became extinct : having no issue, he devised his estates at St. Owen's, Sark, &c. to Sir , George Carteret, Bart, who was afterwards raised to the peerage. ARABELLA THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 449 GEORGE I, CLASS. XI. • .. „....-.z '.' ¦.-¦¦ ¦¦¦¦¦,¦','¦',::,;¦;¦ j; ,^1.',": ¦"¦' \~,mi < , . , -a— ' ARABELLA GODFREY, wreath of flowers in her right hand, the left leaning on a vase, same as the Duchess of Mazarine. Arabella Godfrey, when Miss Churchill, in Harding's " Rritish Cabinet," Vanden Rerghe sc. Arabella, daughter of Sir Winstan Churchill, Knt. sister to the great Duke of Marlborough, was more famed for her graceful form than the beauty of her face, and was even called by her rivals, "that ugly skeleton, Churchill." The Duke of York's passion for this lady had cooled before his abdication, and Arabella chose England and an English husband rather than to go into exile with the court of a dethroned monarch ; she ac cordingly gave Colonel Charles Godfrey her hand, and lived with him in a most correct manner. Mrs. Godfrey was born in 1648, and died May 4, 1730, when 92 years of age. By James II. she had issue, James Fitz-James, duke of Berwick, a grandee of Spain, and marshal of France, knight of the orders of the garter and the golden" fleece, outlawed in 1695, and killed in battle; Henry Fitz-James, duke of Albemarle, so created after the abdication of his father, lieutenant-general, and admiral of the French galleys, usually called Grand Prior, who was born in 1673, outlawed in 1695, and died in 1702; and Henrietta, born in 1670, married to Sir Henry Waldegrave,. of Chewton in Somersetshire, Knt. and Bart, created by James II. Lord Waldegrave, and died in 1730. By Colonel Godfrey, who was i clerk comptroller of the green cloth, and master I* of the jewel-office, she had two sons, who died young; and two daughters, Charlotte, married to Hugh Boscawen, Viscount Falmouth; and Eliza beth, to Edmund Dunch, Esq. of Little Witten- Vol. III. G g b*m' 450 ) THE Hf STORY Of ENGLAND, GEORGE I. CLASS XI. ^¦.:.j^^-." ¦¦¦_ ¦ ,,,¦¦, . __,.;sg ham, Berks, master of the household to Queen Ann and George I. Mrs. Godfrey had the infe licity to survive her lover, her husband, and all her children, and the last male of the Fitz-James family died a few years ago at Madrid; but the Earls of Waldegravp descended from her daughter by the king. 1 MARY SMITH, mez. E. Gouge p, G. White sc. Mary, wife of Samuel Smith,, was living in ¦ 1725, but of the situation of her husband, or of her history, I cannot learn any "particulars; all * that I know has been already mentioned by Brom ley. - . o: Miss VOSS, mez. T. S die nek sc. Miss Voss, with the emblems of St, Catherine, wh. length, sh. mez. G. Kneller p. J. Smith sc "* Miss Voss, with the emblems of St. Agnes, mez. G. Kneller p.' J. Smith sc. 1716. Miss Voss, in the act of praying, mez. G. Kneller p. J. Smith sc. 1708, Miss Voss was the natural and very beautiful ' daughter of Sir Godfrey Kneller, by Mrs. Voss. She married a person of the name of Huckle, and had issue, Godfrey Huckle, to whom Sir , Godfrey left an arnple fortune and ln> surname. ..He married, a lady of Maidstone, and left her in very great affluence, who has not long been dead, and I believe the family is extinct. The estate Mr. Godfrey Huckle, afterwards Kneller, possessed, lay in Sussex. . PRISCILLA COOPER, mez. M.Dahl p. Petf*w sc. In the first impression the hat is turned up ; the face was afterwards altered,, and ear-rings were addend. ,;"¦- THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 451 GEOKGB I. CLASS XI. :,' " - ' n , i '- Priscilla Cooper, la Mo. mez. T. Gibson pinx. Smith sc , ¦.. I have met with nothing to inform me who this Priscilla Cooper was, except a query by Bromley, Whether she might not have been the daughter of Cooper the printseller? and I think it is most probable she was, as he had the portrait of his son engraved when a boy. JANE DEERING, in the Houghton Collection, mez. Lely p. C. Towjtly sc. This daughter of imprudence was for a time the favourite mistress of that able, but unprin cipled statesman, Thomas, marquis of Wharton ; ' but I believe the subsequent history of Miss Deering is not known. GURNEY, inscribed " The Fair Quaker," four verses, R. Houston del. et fecit. Mrs. Gurney was the wife of Mr. John Gur- ney, a woollen manufacturer at Norwich, already noticed in this volume. SARAH CHICHLEY, holding agarlm4QfJlxmm, mez. Kneller p. Smith sc. 1701. Bromley gives' the date 1704 to this print, as if Mrs. Chichley had then been living, but I find nothing to discover who she was, nor would the v "Stemmata Chichleiana" afford any information. , It is probable she died in the reign of George I, ' H, G g 2 SCOTCH 458 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS XI. SCOTCH LADIES, &c. DUCHESSES. HENRIETTA MORDAUNT, Duchess of Gordon, wh. length, when Lady Henrietta Mordaunt, mez. P. Lely p. Watson sc. Henrietta Mordaunt, Duchess of Gordon, G. Kneller p. The above prints represent Lady Henrietta, daughter of Charles Mordaunt, earl of Peterbo rough and Monmouth, who married Alexander Gordon, second duke of Gordon, after 1716, when his elder brother George, Marquis of Huntley, was degraded for aiding in the Rebellion in Scotland in the year 1715, Her Grace's mar riage into this family was a great blessing to them, as it led their children, generally, to pro fess the Protestant religion. But the duke and and his- ancestors were Roman Catholics, which circiimstance disqualified them from enjoying some °f the greatest privileges belonging to the peerage. The duke died in 1728; but "Douglas's " Peerage" does not mention in what, year the duchess's death occurred. ELIZABETH TALMACH, Duchess of Argyle, when Lady Lorne; mez. P. Lely p. •This lady by birth was the daughter of Sir .'. Lfone! Talmach, of Helingham, and her mother was Elizabeth, duchess of Lauderdale, daughter and heir of William Murray, earl of Dysart. She. married Archibald, duke of Argyle, whom she had the misfortune to bury in 1703, and died in 1735. THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 453 ' ' ' HmO. JQIH Li GEORGE I. CLASS XI. 1735. The duchess had two sons, John and ' Archibald, the second and third dukes of Argyle; and a daughter, Ann, married to James Stewart/ "carl of Bute. COUNTESS. / MARY HAY, Countess of Roxburgh, in an oval, vtez. G. Kneller p. J. Smith sc Douglas, in his " Peerage," calls this lady : Margaret, daughter of John Hay, marquis of . Tweedale. Her husband was a privy counsellor , to Charles II. by whom she had issue, three sons: Robert, fourth earl of Roxburgh, who died on his travels, in 1696; John, the fifth earl, a great , statesman, created Duke of Roxburgh, and elect ed knight of the garter; and the Hon. General William Ker. The countess unfortunately lost her lord by shipwreck, in the Gloucester frigate, when accompanying James, duke of York, after wards king, in his passage from London to Scot land, in May, 1681. This event, and the death of her eldest son, the young earl, a youth of great promise, must have been severe trials, She, however, had the consolation of seeing her next son raised to the highest distinctions; and must have lived to a very advanced age, as she died in January, 1753, after having been a widow sixty- nine years. She had buried the duke, her son, in 1741, but saw his only child, Robert, the second duke of Roxburgh, created, in 1722, Earl and Baron Ker, of Wakefield in foe county of York, become a peer of Great Britain: His Grace died in 1755, and was succeeded by her great grand- Son, John, the third duke. \ }; ar G g 3 IRISH » 454 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. — >-- george i. Class Xi. IRISH LADIES. DUCHESS. FRANCES JENNINGS, Duchess of Tyrconnel, wjien Miss Jennings, in Count Grammont's " Me- " moirs," S. Harding del. R. W. Tomkins sc from an original picture by Verelst, In the collection of Lord Reaulieu, of Ditton-Park. This lady, daughter and co-heir of Richard Jennings, of Saundridge in Hertfordshire, Esq. was the eldest sister of Sarah, duchess of Marl borough, and married Sir George Hamilton, Knt. a count of France, son of Sir George Hamilton, fourth son of the Earl of Abercorn, by Mary, sister of James Butler, the first duke of Ormond. Count Hamilton was marechal du camp in the French service, and died in 1667, leaving, his lady the mother of three daughters: but she soon after married Richard Talbot, the gallant earl, and afterwards duke, of Tyrconnel, who was de servedly beloved by James II. for his invariable steadiness to his interest; refusing all overtures of accommodation with William, when even the hope of being further useful to James had fled. But his reputation sunk rapidly after the Battle of the Boyne; and he died at Limerick, August 5, 1691. His mind had been so energetic, that he came to England during the Usurpation, professedly to assassinate Cromwell, as he was firmly attached by duty and affection to the Stuarts. Tyrconnel had more cunning than sense, and was fond of dresss and splendour.. In person he was taller than the ordinary size, and at the close of his life unwieldy. Such were the husbands of this beautiful woman, who, in her youth, was one of the THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 455 GEORGE I. CLASS XI. the principal characters in the court of the amo rous Charles II. Count Grammont thus describes her :-¦-" Miss Jennings, adorned with all the " blooming treasures of youth, had the fairest and " brightest complexion that ever was seen; her " hair was a most beauteous flaxen; her counte- " nance was extremely lively and animated, " though generally persons so exquisitely fair, " have an insipidity; her mouth, though ndt the "smallest, was the handsomest in the world; the " Graces aided her beauties; her whole person " was fine, particularly her neck and bosom — she " was all that youthful poets fancy When they " love." She had, however, some defects : her hands and arms were not equal to the rest of her form; and her nose was not entirely the most ele gant. In conversation she was bewitching; pierc ing and delicate in raillery/, but not always ac curate in expressing herself. Her charms, her wit, and sprrghtliness without Affectation, with her rase arid gracefulness, gained the general adoration of a numerous train of admirers; and the amorous James II. when duke of York, en deavoured to subdue her virtue, but she disdained all attempts to injure her honour. Her last Was an unfortunate alliance, though it gave her. the . ducal honours out of these kingdoms; for the title being conferred after the Revolution, Was not recognized in the reign of William III. and she generally attended the court of James II. so that she was a needy pensioner On a pensioner. Her situation was not greatly mended, I suppose, in the reign of Queen Ann, when her sister, in the opposite interest, governed her sovereign, and disposed of every thing in the realm : indeed, the sisters were never friends. She came into - England in 1705, but soon retired to Ireland, where she died at a very advanced age, March 6, Gg4 1730-1, 456 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS XI. 1730-1, and was buried in St. Patrick's Cathedral. Lord Melfort, secretary to the abdicated James, says of the Duchess of Tyrconnel, that she had " I' ante la plus noire qui se puisse concevoir." How can we reconcile this language with the conduct of the giddy, gay Jennings going with '¦ Miss Price to consult the conjuror; and whose Comical adventures, as orange girls, are so well told by Grammont. A COUNTESS. HENRIETTA HAMILTON, Countess of Orrery, leaning on an urn, arms, fol, J. Seeman p. Value sc. 1732. ,*,¦ Lady Henrietta Hamiltpn, youngest daughter of George Hamilton, earl of Orkney, was married, May 9, 1728, to John Boyle, earl of Orrery, who, on the death of his father, August 28, 1731, suc ceeded to that earldom, and on that of his rela-* tion, the Earl of Cork, December 3, 1757, to his title, so that he thus became fifth earl of Cork, and the fifth earl pf Orrery. His beautiful countess, however, never enjoyed the former title, nor, indeed, the latter, but one year, as she died August 28, 1732 : her eldest son, Charles, succeeded to the titles of Lord Cork and Orrery, Her husband afterwards married Margaret, sole heir of John Hamilton, of Caledon, in Tyrone in Ireland, by whom his lordship had issue. It is with concern that I add, from Mr. Duncombe's preface to Lord Cork and Orrery's Letters, that the marriage with Henrietta, though entirely ap proved by his lordship's father, was, unhappily, the source of a family dissention between the two earls. A difficult and delicate situation for a husband, tenderly affectionate to a most deserV THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. . 457 GEORGE I. CLASS XI. ing wife, and for a son, who had the highest re gard and attachment to his father! Such a father 'and such a son could not long be disunited : a reconciliation followed1 — " they soon," as Mr. Budgell expressed it, " ran into each other's ." arms." But, unfortunately, the will, made in resentment, had not been cancelled, and his va luable library, containing ten thousand volumes, went, in consequence, to Christchurch, Oxford. The death of the countess happened while her lord was in Ireland, and she was buried with her ancestors at Taplow in Bucks. The Rev. S. Wesley wrote a poem upon this lady's decease ; and Mr. Theobald, in the dedication of Shakespeare's Works, dated January 10, 1733, says : It is an offering to which Lady Oirery did him the ho nour of making an early claim, and therefore it comes to her lord by the melancholy right of executorship. Lord Orrery addressed some pa thetic fines to Mrs. Rowe, relative to the loss of his beloved Henrietta; to whom, in a letter, he gave in charge a " message when she mer. " her gentle spirit in the blissful regions." He. has these lines in memory of her, in his Observa tions on Pliny: (f If purest virtues, sense refin'd in youth; " Religious wisdom, and a love of truth; " A mind that knew no thought ignobly mean; " A temper sweetly cheerful, yet serene; " A breast that glow'd with those immortal fires " Which godlike charity alone inspires; " If these could lengthen fate's tremendous doom, " And snatch one moment from the gaping tomb; (e Death had, relenting, thrown his dart aside, ¦« And Harriot, oh! my Harriot, had not dy'd." Such 458 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND, GBOhGE I. CLASS XII. Such grief was natural for so excellent and lovely a partner; but his lordship did not consecrate all his days to unavailirlg grief, as he married again, and so judiciously, that "it pleased Heaven to " repair the loss" of his first wife. CLASS XII. PERSONS REMARKABLE FROM A SINGLE CIRCUMSTANCE. JAMES RATCLIFF, Earl of Derwentwater, fol. Kneller pinx. G. Vertue sc 1714. Another, in the same print with Lord Kenmvre, This unfortunate young nobleman was the son and heir of Francis Ratcliffe, created Baron of Tindal in Northumberland, Viscount of Langlev in Cumberland, and Earl of Derwentwater, the * name of his seat on Lord's Island, jn the beautiful Lake of Derwentwater in the last county. His mother was Mary Tudor, the natural daughter of Charles II. by Miss Mary Davis*, and in religion he was a Roman Catholic. Gratitude, and his rer ligiotis faith, united to render him desirous of having the Stuarts restored to the fhroiie of their ancestors. Impressed with these ideas he armed in the ill-concerted rebellion of 1715; and, with' out effecting the smallest service to the cause, was obliged to surrender a prisoner at discretion, and was sent to the Tower. Afer he had been impeached he presented a petition,, requesting that mercy should be extended to him But sen* tence of death passed; and an order was signed, February 18, 1716, for his execution, with five other condemned noblemen. Ardent and power-* fol solicitations were made to all who had interest * She re-married at TwicKcnham, August, 26, 1707, Mr. James Rooke; probably she was living at the execution of her eldest sou. in THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 459 GEOKGB I. CLASS XII. in the House of Commons, on the 21st. Many, indeed, relented, and seemed desirous that mercy should be extended to them; but a motion for an adjournment passing by five votes, all further hope was at an end in that house. But they were more fortunate in the House of Peers, where, after much debate, an address was voted to His Majesty, recommending a reprieve to such who should deserve mercy, leaving the respite to the king's wisdom. The answer from the throne was, that " on this, and all other occasions, he would " do what he thought most consistent with the " dignity of his crown and the safety of his " people." On the evening of the 23d, pursuant to the resolutions taken in the council on that day, an order was sent for executing the Earls of Derwentwater and Nithesdale, and the Viscount Kenmure, but for respiting the others: happily for Nithesdale, he effected his escape, disguised in a woman's riding-hood and Joseph. On the following morning Derwentwater was led to the scaffold on Tower Hill, where he read a speech, which he delivered into the hands of the sheriffs. Having fitted his head to the block with un common resolution and presence of mind, the executioner, by a single blow, decapitated him. He fell greatly lamented, as a man " amiable, " brave, "open, generous, hospitable, and hu- " mane! He gave bread to multitudes of people, " whom he employed on his estate : the poor, " the widow, the orphan, rejoiced in his bounty." Thus fell the chief of the noble house of Der wentwater, at the age only of 28 years; a family that had produced five earls of Sussex, four ot whom were knights of the garter . • The extensive estates of this nobleman >cre granted upo « »»^^ to Greenwich Hospital, which, including the mines, yield a viry Urge reyc sue, probably between 30 and 40,000/. per annum. ^ 460 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS XII. This earl married Anna Maria, daughter of Sir John Webb, of Odstock, Wilts, Bart, who is supposed to have resided at Acton, near London, at the time of his execution. He had a son; and a daughter, named Mary, who became the wife of Robert James, Lord Petre. . WILLIAM GORDON, Viscount Kenmure, in the print with the Earl of Derwentwater; in which is that earl's Dying Speech. This print represents William Gordon, seventh viscount Kenmure, ,ih 1698, who succeeded his father Alexander, umquhil Viscount Kenmure, and sua heir male, by progress to him by the passive titles'; according to Scotch phraseology. Un happily for himself and his posterity he engaged in the Rebellion of 1715, and was taken at Pres ton. When brought \o the bar of the House of Lords by the gentleman-usher of the black rod, he. knelt until the Chancellor Lord Cowper or dered him to rise; after which he was asked, • whether he was ready to put in his answer, when his lordship said :< — "My lords, I am truly sensible "of my crime, and want words to express my " repentance. God knows I never had any per- " sonal prejudice against His Majesty, no'r was I " ever accessary to any previous design against " him. I humbly beg my noble peers, and the ' honourable House of Commons, to intercede " with the king for mercy to me, that I may live " to show myself the dutifulest of his subjects, " and to be the means to keep my wife and four " small children from starving; the thoughts of *' which, with my crime, makes me the most unfor- " tunate of all gentlemen." He was, however, con demned; and on the morning of Feb. 24, 1715-16, he and Lord Derwentwater were conveyed from the Tower to the Tower Hill, and conducted to an N apartment THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 46-1 GEORGE I. CLASS XII. apartment in one of the houses near that place, whence Lord Derwentwater was taken, and be headed upon a scaffold. After every mark of the execution had been removed, Lord Kenmure was led to the scaffold, accompanied by his son and Some friends, and attended by two clergymen of the church of -England, which religion he pro fessed. He made no formal speech, but expressed sorrow for having pleaded guilty. Then laying his head upon the block he raised it up, but still continued on his knees; at which time he gave the executioner some money, telling him, he would give him no sign, but that when* he laid down his head again, he might perform his office as he saw good. Then having lifted up his hands in prayer, he resolutely laid down his head, whieh at two blows was severed from his body. He married Mary, daughter of Sir John Dalziel, of Glanae, sister to Robert, Carl of Carnwath, by whom he had issue, Robert, who died without issue; John, an officer in the army, who conti nued the family; James, who left no child; and Henriet, married to her maternal relation, John Dalziel, Esq. The honours were forfeited; but, by the care and management of Lady Kenmure, His Majesty gave up the estate to the family, which was va lued only at 600/. per annum. Col. HENRY OXBURG, printed with his Dying Speech. This unfortunate gentleman engaged in the' ill-conducted scheme to place the son of James II. upon the throne of these kingdoms, and he rose to the rank of colonel in the rebel army. Gene ral Forster sent him to General Wills, at Preston, to propose a capitulation, but the only message . " v returned 462 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. ...j. -1.1 GEORGE I. CLASS XII. returned by the loyal general was, that he could not treat with rebels. On the following day Forster, and the Scots under his command, were obliged to surrender at discretiofl. Brought a prisoner, with many others, to London, he was sent to Newgate, and May 8, 1716, was conveyed to Westminster Hall; and having been arraigned, his trial commenced in presence of the four judges in the exchequer court, when he was found guilty of high treason, and sentenced the follow ing day. An order was issued for his execution on the 14th, and he suffered that day at Tyburn. His quarters were interred, but his head was placed upon Temple Bar. Colonel Oxburgh, a rigid Roman Catholic, possessed a considerable landed property in Lancashire, and had served in the French army with great gallantry. At his trial he pleaded guilty. At the place of execution he avowed that he knew no sovereign but king James, to whom he would have been equally loyal, he said, if he had been a Protestant prince. JOHN BRUCE, in the print with Col. Ox bug h. John Bruce, a Scotch gentleman, captain in the army under the Pretender, was taken pri soner at Preston; but I think he was not the same person who escaped from Newgate, Au gust 21, 1716, and retaken. Bruce, John Wink- ley, Thomas Shuttelworth, George Hedson, and William Charnley, were tried and convicted at the assizes held at Preston. On the 7th of No vember following they were reprieved till Fe bruary the Sth; but Bromley says, Bruce was executed at Lancaster, in 1716: if so, we should read 1716-17. PHILIP THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 463 GEORGE I. CLASS XII. PHILIP LOCKHART, mez. A. Johnson sc. The unfortunate Philip Lockhart was the se cond son of Sir George Lockhart, advocate to Oliver the Protector, who acquired a very large fortune by his great knowledge and practice in the law, which he is supposed to have under stood better than any other person in the king dom of Scotland, and who opposed the arbitrary minister of Charles II. Lauderdale. His mother was Philadelphia, daughter of Philip, Lord Whar ton, and no family could be more in the, interest of the House of Brunswick than the Lockharts generally were. Sir William Lockhart, the great statesman, and nephew, by marriage, to Crom well, was the uncle of this young gentleman; who deserting from the royal army in 1715, united himself to the unfortunate Stuarts, and command ed the fifth troop in the Scotch army at Preston. It was a forlorn business, which impeached his good sense as much as his loyalty; for though a gallant army, yet it was but indifferently ap pointed. Taken prisoner at Preston, he was tried there by a court-martial, not for treason, but j desertion, when a half-pay officer in Lord Mark Ker's regiment. Sentence was passed against him, November 28, 1715, together with Lord Charles Murray, son of the Duke of Athol ; Major Nairn; Captains Erskine and John Shaftoe. Lord Charles Murray was reprieved; but Lockhart and the other thre&gentlemen were shot December 2, following. Happily, he was unmarried. # - JOHN HALL, an oval, with anothtr of the Rev. Wiuzam Paul, wfh thiir Dying Speeches. Thvrt 464 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS. XII. There is a print~of: thus destroyed. Indeed, such violation of sacred /. edifices and the memorials of the dead are prac tised every where; I do not, therefore, wonder at the ignorance of Robinson, but at that of church '-; warden's, who act without restraint from rectors ' and vicars. Yet how are humble ecclesiastics to contend with over-grown farmers^— I beg pardon, '" veomen, or cultivators of land. '1 ' JAMES FIGG, bald head, open collar, six English -verses, mez. J. Ellys p. Faber sc. Figg, of Mary le Bone, was a native of Thame in Oxfordshire, and a master of the noble art of defence, in which science he taught numbers of l>., gentlemen, at his amphitheatre in Oxford Road*, ' '.Where his fame was so great f, that we find him 7' praised in the "Tatler," "Guardian," and "Crafts- ' f« man," by the several writers in those miscella- pies. Sutton, the pipe-maker, of Gravesend, -was * " To Figg and Brough'ton he commits his breast, " To steel it to the fashionable test." t So in Bramstone's " Man of Taste :" " -In Figg the prize-fighter, by day delight, " And sup with Colley Cibber every night. . his 4W THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEOKGB I, CLASS XII. his rival, and dared the mighty Figg to the com bat. Twice they fought, with alternate advan tage; but, at the third trial, a considerable time elapsed before victory decided for either party*. In fine, neither Ned Sutton, Tom Buck, nor Bob Stokes, could resist his skill'and valour. He had t never been defeated but once, and then by Sutton, in one of their previous combats; though " it was generally allowed to have been owing to his illness at the time. Figg died in 1734. Wil- „ liamFlander, a noted scholar of his, fought at. the amphitheatre, in 1723, with Christopher Clarkson, from Lancashire, Who was called the Old Soldier. It was looked upon as a very great proof of Self- denial in an amateur, if he failed a meeting on those occasion^: From Figg's theatre he will miss a night, Tho' cocks, and bulls, and Irish women, fight, DUNCAN CAMPBELL, oval, in the frontispiece to his " Secret Memoirs," 8vo. J. Clark sc Duncan Campbell, Mt. 40 . prefixed to his "Life," . by Haywood, 1720, 8vo. T. Hill p. Vr. Gucht sc. Duncan Campbell, prefixed to his " Life," by him* self 1732,~8vo. T.Hill p. Price sc. Here are no less than three publications rela tive to the life of this silent philosopher, who was alive in 1732. Yet I, an historian, biographer, genealogist, Sec. &c. have never been so happy as to meet with what, no doubt, would have -greatly added to my fame, and consequently, for tune,' if I could display his many and incompar- ably fine qualities, as they deserve. * Sec in Dodsley's " Collection of Poems," Vol. VI. p. 312, « Extern. " frZ Mf S."Pr- * Tr'fc0t S^} "c,wee1 ,he ,wo Sr^t Masters.of De- tence, Messrs: 1- igg and Sulton," by Dr. Byroia. ROBERT THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 481 a& - " ¦ " "¦ GBORGE I. CLASS XII. ______^_^_ ROBERT NEVE, a wood cut, prefixed to his " Merry Companion, teaching Tricks in Legerde- " main," 1721, doubtful. Robert Neve, the juggler, has never been ho noured with the notice of the biographer, that I have discovered. Why is it that all nations de- fight in their wise men of this description? The East is their favourite soil, yet Lapland is not without them; and, indeed, we hear of them in all countries. JAMEY, mez. Smith sc. Jamey' was otte of the merry pipers of merry Scotland, of whom every ancient house had one to play at stated periods, particularly while the laird sat at dinner. Probably it was equally com mon in Britain to have a family musician, though their instruments were different. In Scotland the bagpipe is the favourite, in Wales the harp. It is said that we are a mixture of all nations, like the modern Greeks at Constantinople, and have no national music. But we certainly had our min strels : perhaps they, like us, were also formed of a variety, significant of the commixture of the nation to whom they played. WILLIAM CROUCH,. teftft English verses,, mez, N.Tucker p. 1725. P. Pelham sc. ' I do not find any memorial of William Crouch. RICHARD DICKINSON, sitting, in a hat, legs tofross, 8vo. Clarke sc. , Richard Dickinson, standing, three English lines? ito. Setterington p. 1726, J. Sympson sc. Vol. III. Ii RlcHARD 482 THE HISTORY OF; EN/JLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS XII. Richard Dickinson, printed with an Account of him, large fol. II. Hysing p. 1725, G. Vertue sc. Richard Dickinson, standing, an etching, sixroer&es; sm.fol. .»-.-. ' ¦) " Richard Dickinson, sitting, five verses, an etching. Richard Dickinson, Mo. mez. four verses. Mr. Richard Dickinson, of Scarborough Spaw, small whole length, vie-co of the rock, many verse's un derneath. '-' Dickinson was the master of amusement at Scarborough Spa. There is, observes Swift,, na turally in the English character a tendency to humour: that Dickinson had this propensity was generally allowed. Persons of certain dis- criptions-never acknowledge such a faculty. Pride prevents some, stupidity others; yet I have known men of good understanding, without any flashes of genius, to whom all approach to wit was of fensive. Such often have so little conception of it, that if they attempt to repeat what has highly delighted their friends, they are certain to put the part upon which the wit turns in the wrong place, and make the whole an absurdity. Pope and Chesterfield never deigned to laugh, it was beneath the dignity of a philosophic. poet, and an elegantly refined statesman, yet they pro moted laughter in others. There ought to be a promoter of innocent mirth at every watering- place, for the exhilaration of invalids. An ass that brayed so as to convulse them with laughter, would to these people be of more real use, than ten asses laden with drugs. The history of funny „I)ick is comprised in few words: — He cleaned shoes, sold gingerbread, built a house, kept a mis tress, and ceased from his folly in 1738. His face was often carved upon walking-sticks. Peck the antiquary who, I ween, loved a laugh, had one which was very like him, PATIE THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 483 GEORGE I. CLASS XII. PATIE BIRNIE, with these eight verses in the Scot tish dialect, by AlanRamsey, preparatory to " The Life " and Acts of, or an Elegy," on him, by that poet, fol. The effigie of Patie Birnie, The famous fiddler of Kinghorn, Who gart the leiges gawfFand giniay, Aft till the cock proclaim'd the morn. Tho' baith his weeds* and mirth were pirny, He roos'd those things were langest worn; The brown-ale barrel was his kirn ay, And faithfully he toom'd his horn — Patie Birnie resided at Kinghorn, on the sea coast, about nine miles north of. Edinburgh, where he supported himself by his consummate impudence. Not by honest labour, but by in truding upon every person who, came to the public house; generally apologizing, at his en-. trance of the apartment where the travellers were, by saying :— that he could not get away from the company he was in sooner, or he should have 1 come on their first sending for him; as he ever pretended that a person had desired him, in their / name, to attend. He then fell into the utmost familiarity, grounding his freedom upon his hav ing well ken'd his honour's father, or nearest re lation, and had been very merry with him; and . 'concluded his harangues with the commendation of his relation, by averring what an excellent good fellow he had found him. Having thus pre pared the way, next followed his own exploits, which were in "showing a very particular comi- " calness in his looks and gestures; laughing and .* " Weeds and mirth were pirny." When a piece of stuff is wrought roi- " equally, part coarse and part fine, of yarn of different colours, we call it ";pirnv, from the pirn, or little hollow reed, which holds the yarn in the "inutile." Ti2 "groaning 484 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS. XII. " groaning at the same time. He played, sung, " and broke in with some queer tale twice or " thrice e'er he got through the tune; and his, " beard was no small addition to the diversion," Johnny Stocke, a low, but very broad fellow, his loving friend, heightened his jests, by dancing to his music, for Birnie was both poet and musi cian. After Ramsey had lamented the death of Patie, in a long elegy, he concludes, , Soe I've lamented Patie's end ; But least your grief o'er far extend Come dight your cheeks, ye'r brows unbend, And lift ye'r head, For, to a Briton be it kend, He is not dead: v January 15, 1721. JOHN KEILING, alias BLIND JACK, in, the Ratcliffe Collection, Mo. mez. Dl. WanseU sc. Of Johh Keiling, designated Blind Jack, I have seen nothing. — - — ¦ — FAWKS, representing his tricks, la. sheet, Sutton p. Niclwlls sc. Fawkes, a master of slight of hand, exhibited his tricks in this reign, to amuse the public and fill his own pockets. When Breslaw, a more mo dern performer of the same kind, was at Can terbury, he requested permission to display his cunning a little longer; promising Mr. mayor, that if he was indulged with permission, he would give such a night, naming a particular one, for the benefit of the poor. The benevolent magis trate acceded to the proposition, and he had a crowded house. Hearing nothing about the money collected on the specified evening, the timivr; mayor THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 485 GEORGE I. CLASS XII. mayor waited on the man of trick, and, in a deli cate manner, expressed his surprises "Mr. mayor, " I have distributed the money, myself."- — Still more surprised — " Pray, Sir, to whom." " To my " own company: none can be poorer." " This " is a trick." — " We live by our tricks." A GLUTTON, P. R. Fremont sc. ad vivum. The names of this man have not been trans mitted to us, and we are merely informed that he suffered confinement in the Fleet Prison, about 1727, where, it is probable, he did not find any great opportunity of indulging his gor mandizing propensity. CATHERINE STUBS, wood cut at the back of the title of the Crystal Glass, 1716. I know nothing more of this female than that she resided at Burton upon Trent in Stafford shire, a place famous for fine beer, which is there always drank out of small glass tumblers. Did Kate Stubs keep a drinking-house ? In the centre of the kingdom beer-houses are often called mug-houses, from the liquor being served in small cups so denominated : but the gentry, as I can vouch, use glasses only at Burton. The town is more famed for the elegance of its inha bitants, than its sparkling malt liquor, its four ; fairs, or its bridge of thirty-seven arches; or even than it was anciently for its mitred abbey. JOHN ALDER, inscribed " The Pilgrim," large heard, four verses,, Mo. P. R. Fremont sc. Mr Alder, a Turkish merchant, was, as we learn from Bromley, confined in the Feet Prison, 1727, '¦-¦•¦¦ * lis but 486 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. , CLASS XII. but I know nothing more of him; probably he died there. SAMUEL CHAPPEL, alias GRATER, rare, mez-. J. Faber sc. ad vivum. ... i This singular character lived at Oxford, and having no teeth, he constantly grated his bread, from which circumstance he usually went by the appellation of Grater. By the coarseness of his replies, he was supposed to be disordered .in his mind; yet he had received some education, but had so little of worldly wealth that he- was re duced to a state of mendicity. Mr. Granger makes a quere, Whether his wanting bi'e^d was not owing to his learning? ahd adds: — " I was " telling a person of distinction once in Lon- '•• "don, how much more a porter could earn "than myself." — "That," replied "he, "is the " disadvantage of being bred to learning." i EDWARD BUREL, witha French inscription, Mo. Hull p. Le Clere sc. Edward Burell, or probably Burrell, the old man of Norwich. The date of his death is given, but he is not noticed in Eastqn!s " Human Lon gevity;" nor do I find him mentioned in Par kin's "History of Norwich." MARY GORE, Mt. 143, V. Luyck p. 1725, T. Chanibars sc. 1746. 4 Mary Gore, according to the above inscription, attained to a very extraordinary age indeed. She died in 1727, but I do not find any other notice of her; her name is omitted in Easton'? "Human V Longevity." MAX. the' histoW of enGlAnd; m GBORGH I. CLASS XII. MAX. CHRIST. MILLER, fol. Roitard sculp, ad vivum, 1733. Max Christ. Miti.ER, on a show-aboard in Souih- wark Fair, Hogarth sc. This native of Saxony was eight feet high, and probably came into England in the reign of George Li he died in 1734, at the age of CO. ;>»',»'¦'. ".•' ¦ • -. -v . MATTHEW BUCKINGER, with a letter written by himself, fol. * o,-'V"i .jrV , ;.i Matthew Buckinger, a woodcut, Mo.^ ¦ Matthew Buckinger, in an oval, with ornaments, 8vo. Matthew Buckinger, in an oval, on a cushion, with ornaments representing his performances, and an ac count of him at the bottom, fol. Matthew Buckinger, in an oval, Mo. drawn and written by Mmself, the' book of Psalms engraved in the curls of his large flowing periwig, very curious. This poor, mutilated figure, was born in 1674, without hands or feet;. and, though thus miserable in the deprivation of those material parts, of the human frame, he yet performed a number of cu rious and active exploits : he'lived till 1722;., I • once Saw a foreigner, I think a Swiss, who had neither arms, legs, npr thighs; but he had hands and feet, and could walk, beat a drum, use the broad sword, and perform some other extraordi nary things for such an object. He had a vast . body, seemed very strong and healthy, said he was married to the woman who went with him, and had children. I have seldom. seen a more shocking sight to humanity than this unfortunate object. j i 4 ENGLISH 488 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. CLASS XII. f- ENGLISH DWARF. . The print of this dwarf is mentioned as having been engraved in this reign; but I know nothing more of her than the above, which I have from Mr. Granger's notes. OWEN FARREL, whole length, an etching^ Smith p. Rurgh. sc. i. Owen Fakrel, whole length, in a leather coat, hat, stick, II . Gravelot del. Hulett sc. 1742. . zy. Little Owen, an Irishman, was only three feet, '• nine inches high. Granger says of him : — " Na^ ^v" ture deviated widely from its usual walk, in ^giving this dwarf but little more than half of "the stature of a man/with the strength of two." \. .Another writer tejls us : — " He was so gross and ,.-. rf massive in proportion to his height, that he . '[ presented us with a very disagreeable image." I have been in company with a friend's daughter, a dwarf, prodigiously large in bulk, and wonder- i-fally strong. I do not know the time of Farrel's 'death, but Dr. Hunter had.one of his thigh bones, which measured nine inches and a.half. The thigh bones of the prelates found in Ely Church, 1769, measured eighteeen and upwards, and Duke Birth- noth's twenty and a half; so that the latter was more than double the length of Farrel's. Ireland has sent us several giants, but few dwarfs; though we read of a little Tharriage at Galway, in 1766, between John Ford, aged 19, five feet, six inches high ; and Biddy Can, aged 20, three feet, three inches high. The THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND- 489 GEORGE I, DRESS. V,. -f ' ' . , . >> ^ The DUTCH DWARF, a female, three feet, two inches high, Mo. We know nothing of this little Dutch person age; but she was a Patagonian compared to William Butler, our own dwarf, only two feet and a half high, who lived to the age of 4,0, and was buried July 25, 1737. See a laughable account pf the three dwarfs exhibited at London, in the " Spectator," Number 271. They were — a very little man, a woman equally diminutive, and a horse proportionable, as we are informed by Mr. Biiset's note. PERSIAN DWARF. In Granger's arrangement of the characters of this reign, he mentions a Persian dwarf; one, at least, who pretended that she was a native of Persia. REMARKS ON DRESS, We do not perceive any great variation in this, from the last reign. It might, indeed, have been supposed ibat a new royal family would have brought new fashions with them, but there were reasons which prevented their introduction: Georo-e I was advanced in years, and seldom mixed with his subjects; and the act which pre^ eluded the granting of honours to foreigners, prevented many German gentlemen from visiting England. The female sex, however, generally alter their modes of dress most ; but as there was no queen in Great Britain, and as the ladies who accompanied His Majesty were neither by birth, propriety of conduct, age, or beauty, qua- 400 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. DRESS. lified to make any impression in point of fashion .in this country, where, they were very generally unpopular, their influence did not operate much towards effecting an alteration in female dress, or decorations of any kind. The peace cultivated se- '*-' cr-etly by George and the Tegeht of France, caused I)'1* greater intercourse between the courts and f kingdoms than had subsisted for -many years. As 'usual, 'some little difference in the shape of the materials for clothing appeared, but so little as to be Scarcely worth notice. Dr. John Harris, then, I believe, a prebendary of Canterbury, published; in 1715, his elaborate "Treatise upbn the Modes, " or a parewell to French Kicks," 8vo*. which was well received; and it has been even hinted, that Bishop Gibson, then the disposer 'of mitres, Was solicited to give his consent for rewarding the au thor with one for his labour; and accordingly, on the particular recommendation of John, duke. of Argyle, the patriotic reprobater of French modes, was made bishop of Landaff. The Right Rev. author, for such, we find, he. became, dissuades his countrymen from applying to foreigners in matters of dress, because we have "aright, and ,- " power, and genius," fo supply ourselves. The French tailors, he observed, invent new modes of dres?, and dedicate them to great men, as authors do books; as was the case with the roquelaure cloak, which then displaced the surtout; and was called the roquelaure from being dedicated to the Duke of Roquelaure, whose title was spread, by this means, throughout France and Britain. The . coat, says our author, was not the invention of France, but its present modifications and adjuncts were all entirely owing tu them; as the pockets and pocket flaps, as well as the magnitude of the * To, this lie prefixed the apposilc motto, ',' Est Hodus jn Rebus." but THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 491 GEORGE I. DRESS. plaits, which differ from time to time in number, but always agree in the mystical efficacy of an unequal number. The ladies still reduced their shapeSj as if tore- present some of those insects which seem to have the two ends held together only by a slender union*. But the consequence of this tapering was deformity and ill-health. In vain did a Venus de Medicis prove, that there is a due proportion to be observed by nature. In vain was it allowed that, amongst unclothed Africans, a crooked woman was as great a rarity as a straight European lady. To Mademoiselle Pantine, a mistress of Marshal Saxe, the world was obliged for that stiffened paste board case, called a pantine, by which a uni versal compression ensued, to the destruction of the fine symmetry of the female form, as designed by nature f. Spanish broad cloth, trimmed with gold lace, was still in use for ladies' dresses; and scarfs, greatly furbellowed, were worn from the duchess to the peasant, as were riding-hoods on horseback; and the mask, which continued in use till the following reign, to shield the face from the summer's sun and the winter's wind. * Agrceahle to this mistaken practice was the pointed censure of the Roman dramatic poet: — " Virgo haud similis virgimim nostrarum quas matres stndcnt, I " Demissis humeris esse, vincto pectore, ut graciles sient, . " Tamctsi bona est Datura reddunt curatura jimceas." t How was it possible that the reproach of the English poet also, in his beautiful lines so descriptive of the true elegance of the female form, jhould have been so little understood or regarded ! " No longer shall the boddice, aptly lae'd . , " From the full bosom to the slender wai$t, " That air and harmony of shape express, ¦* Fine by degrees, and beautifully less." APPENDIX 492 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGB I. APPENDIX APPENDIX TO THE REIGN OF GEORGE I. GUILLAUME DU BOIS, Rigaud pinxit. 1723, P. Dretfct s'c.jun. 'v ,,u Cardinal William Du Bois, the son of a surgeon at Brive la Guillarde, was born in 1656, and gain- • ing the favour of the Duke of Orleans the regent, to whom he had been sub-preceptor, he at length became his confidential minister. France, through policy, was inclined to the restoration of the Stuart family, and had sent the son of James II. into Scotland, in 1715; but the scheme failed, and Lewis XV. a sickly boy, seemed to leave the succession open for contention. Alberoni was strengthening Spain, that Philip V. might revive a claim he had solemnly renounced, and the re gent had his fears that he should lose the succes sion. Du Bois, to prevent this, recommended a close alliance with England; and, to obtain it, he went to Hanover, where he agreed, August 21, 1716, that the Prince should be sent beyond the Alps; and that the port of Mardyke, " that ter- " rible thorn in the side of England," should be demolished, on condition that the article in the Treaty of Utrecht should be confirmed, by which the succession to the throne of France was gua ranteed to the line of Orleans. George I. and the regent were highly pleased with Du Bois's ma nagement, which procured him much interest in the British court, when ambassador extraordinary and plenipotentiary in 1717; and it is not a little singular that, for the mitre of Cambray, 1720, he was indebted to the interest of the king of Eng land; and for the cardinal's hat, in 1721. He was declared prime minister in 1722; and died' at Versailles, August 10, 1723, aged 66, highly esteemed THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 493 GEORGE I. APPENDIX. esteemed for his great abilities. He appears to have possessed great clearness of conception, and to have simplified, not perplexed, his foreign ne- gociations : indeed, there was a cordiality between him and our ministers that was very unusual. He was in private life profligate and vicious in the extreme; but he had a taste for literature, and was, in consequence, elected a member of the 'French Academy, and also of those of Sciences and Belles Lettres. VlCT, MAUR. de BROGLIO, Due de Broglio, on %Drseback, M. Loir p. Rugey sc. Vict. Maur. de Beoglio, Due de Broglio, Rauc. p. S. Carmona sc. ' Victor Maurice de Broglio, Due de Broglio, Marshal of France, distinguished himself in the army of Lewis XIV. and died in 1727, aged 80years. His son, the Due de Broglio, made an equally conspicuous figure in the reign of Lewis XV. (v ANNE CLAUD PHILIPPE de TUBIERS, de CRI- MOARD, de PESTELS, de LEVE, Counte de Cay- ids, 1752, Cochin, jun. sc. ad vivum. Anne, &c. Counte de Caylus, in "Galer. Franc." 1771, Delorraine sc ¦' The Counte de Caylus was a Parisian, and born October 31, 1692. He held a command in the army of France till the Peace of Rastadt; be fore which he had distinguished himself in Cata lonia, and at the siege of Fribourg. The count afterwards devoted himself to science; but his aim was first to thoroughly improve himself by tra velling. Having visited various parts of Europe, he sailed from Italy to the Levant; and saw great part- of Asia, particularly the Temple of Dxanaat Ephesus : 404 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND; GEORGE I. APPENDIX. Ephesus : and on his return he often lamented that he had not gone on to China. Having thus far gratified his curiosity, he made the promotion of the sciences the business of his life; and his exer tions and his purse were equally engaged in pa tronizing the arts and artists, particularly those of painting and engraving. He was a most learned antiquary; and died after a year's illness, Sep tember a, 1765, universally admired, esteemed, and regretted. His works are very numerous, seven volumes, 4to. of which relate to antiqui ties; and his engravings of intaglios and cameos, in the Royal Cabinet of France, is a most princely , performance. The drawings were by Bouchar- don, and the explanation by M. Mariette. These were only a part, though the most magnificent of his publications, except*, perhaps, his engravings taken from the coloured drawings of Pietro Santo Bartoli, published with a view to the im provement of the art of painting. JOHN GASP. Count de Bothmer, half sheet, mez. J. Faber, ad vivum, del. et fecit, 1717. John Gasper, Count de Bothmer, a Hanoverian nobleman, came to England, Nov. IS, 1711, with the Duke of Marlborough, in order to deliver a me morial to Queen Ann, requesting Her Majesty to maintain the union with her continental allies. This memorial was as much praised by the whigs, as reprobated by the tories. Bothmer, though not vested with the character of resident, yet had more power than Mons. Kreinberg; and it was chiefly through him that full powers were grant ed to the House of Brunswick, to insure their ac cession by the regency act. George I. was not unmindful of his skill and fidelity, and retained him still in England, as his Hanoverian minister and THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 495 GEORGE 1 APPENDIX. and counsellor. Townshend and Walpole had much difficulty to keep the Hanoverians in any kind of subjection. Bothmer and Bernsdorf were looking so high even as to English peerages; While the third person of the triumvirate, Ro- bethon, more moderate, asked only for the title of baronet. It -was some time before the others could be persuaded, that the act 6f settlement excluded foreigners from the British peerage. But the wonder is, that they did not obtain Irish coronets; as it was discovered that- the act had omitted to except such, and as the Baroness Schu- lenberg was actually created Duchess of Minister.. MATTHIAS JOAN de SCHULEMBOURG, /. M. P Uteri sc. .' f- CoUnt de Schulembourg, a Hanoverian, was brother to Erengard Melesina, Baroness Schulem- . bourg, princess of Eberstein and duchess of Ken dal, supposed the wife, by a left-hand marriage, of George I. a lady famed for her routine of "devotion at the Lutheran chapels in London, and her unbounded rapacity. Bred to arms, he was appointed general to the Republic of Venice, and came to England, I suppose, in consequence of his sister's invitation. His Majesty received him to his- table, in 1726, when it was remarked that he dined in his travelling dress. Having re ceived some valuable pecuniary presents, he left Britain, after a short stay, and died at Venice, in .' 1727/ at the age of 66 years. He greatly distin guished himself at the raising the siege of Corfu, in 1 7 16; and this service was so acceptable to the senate of Venice, that their ambassador in Eng land requesting a private audience of the Prince . of Wales, then one of the lords justices, related the joyful intelligence. It was not a little singu- 4 96 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. APPENDIX. ¦*< ' ¦ ' Iar, that Venice should have employed a Pro testant general to command her army*. LUDEWIG HOLBERG, Mo. 1757, Roselius pinx. J. M. Rernigeroth sc. 1757. Baron Holberg, a native of Denmark, einefged from an humble situation in life, by dint Of his own genius, and raised himself to eminence. His love of learning and the sciences inspired him with an ardour which induced him to travel frbm his own country, on foot, to Rome, and I suppose, to Paris; and he visited England in this reign. On his return to Denmark, Holberg was ennobled, as an honour to his country, and died in 1754, aged 70. He wrote several works, of which his " Introduction to universal History," styled by Goldsmith, his earliest and worst performance, translated into English by Dr. Gregory Sharp, Master of the Temple, with maps arid writes, has gone through different editions, and is1 of all his writings that which is best known in this country. PHILIP LEWIS, Count Zinzindorf, H. Rigaud pinx. P. Privet sc. Philip Lewis, Count Zinzindorf, 8vo. Philip Lewis, Count Zinzindorf, came to Eng land in 1724, and was the founder of the well- known sect of Moravians, which he establish ed in this kingdom. They now form a class of dissenters, but mix little with those who differ from them, and generally court quiet obscurity rather than public notice. This enthusiast died * Thefe are several medfefls Of thfe eotirit' sfnfck on this odcasioty haling, on one. .side* his bust,, and on the reverse,, diftfcreut devices commemorative of toe event. May THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 497 . 6EORGB I. APPENDIX. May 9, 1760, at Hernhoo.t in Silesia, the prin cipal seat of their establishment, in the bosom of the -society which he had originally formed, and Continued, throughout life, to encourage and protect:1 '<• '¦ . r JEAN LE CtEftjC, '8vp:JR.Picart sc \ . '•','. ,.,'^eai? Le Clerc, in"Recueil de Portr ." Des Rochers sculpt John Le ClerC, son of Stephen Le Clerc, a. phy sician of Geneva, was born in that city,!March/29, 1657; but- settled; at Amsterdam in ltfSS^where ¦ he married a daughter of Gregorib. Leti, well known in England1 in 1691. This most learned critic obtained the.iprofessorship of belles leftfies, Hebrew, and philosophy, at Amsterdam; and lhis works, which are numerous, relate chiefly to sacred history and polemics : but his sentiments were Supposed to beSocinian. Le Clerc was imbe cile for ten years7preceding his death, and lost his speech in 1728, while reading1; yet he afterwards wrote incessantlyj ahd regularly sent his uncon nected and incoherent productions to the book sellers, who, threw them into, the fire, i In the same year his wife died, but he, lived till Janu ary 8, 1736, when he had attained his 79thyear; a melancholy instance, amongst others, of the greatest intellects failing long before the body. His brother, Daniel Le Clerc, a learned physician, wrote many tracts upon medicine and anatomy. I am not acquainted with the period when John - Le Clerq came into England, but I suppose it was previous to this reign. ^ .* JAMES L'ENFANT, a small oval, prefixed to the "History of the Council of Constance" J. Vr. Gucht sculp. Vol. II K k James 4$8 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. APPENDIX. James L'Enfant, Picartsc. '-L.ii /«¦ The Rev. James L 'Enfant, born in 1691,rexej*$ed his education at Saumur and Geneva, and became Protestant minister of the French Church at Hei delberg, in 1685, and chaplain to the Electress Dowager Palatine. When the, French invaded the palatinate in 1688 he went to Berlin, and the Queen" of Prussia appointed him one of her preachers, and chaplain to her son the king. L'Edfant was greatly respected in that kingdom, received the honour of being elected a member of the Academy/and was appointed counsellor of the superior Consistory: his learning, integrity, and the amiableness of his manners, gained him • these public testimonies of approbation. The i;,'time he visited England is not mentioned; but oi his death occurred by the palsy, in 1728, when at the age of 67. He early discovered his great abi lities; and his best- works were, " Histoire du " Concile de Constance," " Histoire du Concile '¦" de Basle,'' and the ." Histoire du Concile de "Pise," each in two vols. 4to: His translation of the New Testament from Greek into French, with ^'literal notes, in conjunction with Beausobre, is much ¦valuedJ>y Protestants; and we have his " Poggiana"«4ind sermons: but "L'Histoire de "la Papesse Jeanne" had better not have ap peared. ,', BENEDICT PICTET, Huaut p. J. Houbrakcn sculp. Benedict Pictet, in " Recueil de Portr." 1723, Des Rochers sc. This writer, born May 30, 1655, was the son of Andrew Pictet, a syndic of the Republic of Ge neva, THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 499 GEORGE I. APPENDIX. neva, and of Barbara, sister of the learned Francis Turretin. Benedict, when a Protestant clergy man, taught divinity, with uncommon reputation, in his native city, where he published many po lemical and historical works. After his arrival in England he was elected a Fellow of the Royal So ciety. He also visited Holland; and his death occurred June 9, 1724. Pictet had several chil dren, by Catherine Burlamaqui his wife. FREDERICK RUYSCH. Frederick Ruysch was a native of the Hague, where he resided and practised as a physician, and being of a good family he gained very consi derable employment. His merit was so great as a learned anatomist and naturalist, that he was in vited thence to fill the professor's chair at Am sterdam. The Royal Society of London elected him a Fellow in 1716, and the Academy of Sciences at Paris chose him a member. His repu tation was very great; and he died at Amsterdam, February 12, 1731, aged 97. His works on physic and botany were published before his decease, and he possessed a fine cabinet of natural curiosities. His method of embalming was preferable to that used in preparing the mummies of the ancients, as he preserved the features. Henry Ruysch, the son of Frederick, who died in 1727, also excelled in physic, natural history, anatomy, and botany. MARIE FRANC. AROUET de VOLTAIRE, Lio- lans p. J. Ralechou sc. Marie Franc Arouet de Voltaire, Chereau sc. Marie Franc. Arouet de Voltaire, La Tour p. 1736, Ficquet sc. 1762. K k 2 Marine 500 / THE HISTORY^OF ENGLAND. GEORGE- iZTWf'E'A'rifk. Marie Franc. Arouet de VoltaIre, La Tour p. RMuillanlscr'- k '"J; " ¦¦>'»>n->ti n< ,-.-:;¦ < It wdutd be "an thdless tnSk to eniime¥o'te the por traits of this efnMeril wrifer, ifiey .tire si ivarioils and. sb ni'any. '¦•' ' " ' '''* *"'' ' . , '•; rI r(y w;>''"vH •:. {;¦ ; ¦'.!¦ xj-y/ <¦„, : >;; ! _r,-;- , Voltaire,; a wit at a very early age, horn in ffar^s, February 28, 169^,, was designed for thefaw, and foecame one, of' the most ingenious ,.ajndf.besj. in formed, and, at the same time, one of the wick edest of all his contemporaries. His character was a compound of contradictions, and yet he1 Was consistently profligate.^. We, admire him. as the poet, the historian, the dramatic writer, and -the brilliant' essayist, yet detest him,, as the infam,o,us atheist. , II e came to, England, in 1723, and learned _ the . language, read our best authors, visited' our greatest: .writers, but, does not { seem to have thoroughly .relished either Shakespeare or Milton. He came almost a. beggar,, but left us reinstated in his finances, through the patronage .of^ifcing George II. and his, queen: the former sent,,lvp .,500/.; and Caroline, to whom he dedicated, fo Eng- , lish, a splendid edition , of his " Henriade," which was printed here in 1728, by her personal appli cation obtained him many subscribers. But always mean and dishonest, he . swindled Lord Peterbo rough out of considerable sums, Who, .^learning his baseness, was with difficulty .prevented, from taking immediate vengeance : on, him: but he narrowly escaped, and immediately quitted' the kingdom. He used to say, the pleasantest days he -spent here were witlV 'Mr, 'afterwards Sir EvfefjMl, Fawlcener, at Wandsworth, to Whom, in fen eie-' gant dedication, he inscribed fotts * tragedy 1 of " Zara." He pretended that, on his return to France, he could not write with ease in his native language, though it is Well known he tried his ¦skill in our's. He compared the English nation to THE:HWfQRYQ? ENGLAND. 501 G.EOBGE^ 1. ,APPEND1X. ,j, to a but.t:of .their favourite beverage : " the top >,,.", frothy, the bottom dregs, the middle excellent." , .j jij On a charaeter^so well known as this, it is need- , less to expatiate here — none,., perhaps, has been ,M- more .thoroughly canvassed. He lived to a great age, always, as it were,, in the eye of .the world, both .at home and abroad, consequently his ta- tlllents?, his valuable qualities, and his vices, are all before the .public. r Literature has, in many, re spects, .great obligations to. him,; and it is the .» kindest tiling that can be done, for his memory, to v yj think only of those for the present, and to leave g; what pise belonged to hi,m to the soothing hands ... of time and oblivion. ,u, i.,,r ,„, r. ,..,,., . JEAN BAPTIST ROUSSEAU, J. Aves pinx!: J. Paulle sc. ,(d ,}, ri.A, . ,w , Jean Baptist Rousseau, J. Aves p. S. Fic.quet Sc. Jean Baptist Rousseau, iii "Odieiivre Portr. III." Sawflge sc. G. F. Schmidt sc. 'Rousseau, the don of a shoemaker, was born at Paris, in 1659, -where his father, though poor, -ii gave htm an education; and his genius soon 1 proved how- much1 he deserved it. Even at the -" early age of twenty he was known and praised as I k apoet T and Mons. De Monrepos received him as " -r his 'page, when he went on an embassy to Den mark in 1688. ><¦ Rousseau came 'to* England with ¦'-^Marshall Tallard, as his secretary; and though he -b loved .distinction, he never regarded wealth, con- •':¦ sequently, his admission into the -Academy of ¦ bi'Iriscriptions and Belles Lettres, in 17,01, waspleas- ,Y -irigto hinv'but he rejected all offers of promo- fl^t'ion '¦¦ JOHN GEORGE KEYSLER, 8vo. Miller sculp. John George Keys-ler, 8vo.' James Rasircsd. ' f John George Keysler was borrt in 1689, at Tournau ' in Germany. His father; a counsellor to the Counts of Giech, sent him to ithe univer sity of Hall, where he studied the Hebrew, Greek, - and Latin languages ; history, antiquity, the sciences, and the civil law. His great attainments ' qualified him for the office of a preceptor; .and. he was intrusted with the care of Charles Maximi lian, and Christian Charles, counts of Giech- » IBiiehau, and afterwards with the grandsonsof Ba ron Bernstorf, his Britannic Majestyfs first rrwni- " ster of state, as elector of Hatioveiv With: the two youno> counts, be travelled through Germany, France, and the 'Netherlands; with the barpn's grandsohs;to the up^jer part of Germany, Switzei- land, Vienna Upper- Hungary, Bohemia and bther parrs of Germany Lorrain, France, Eng land, and Holland, Keysler was twice m England •fo 1718 and 1731: the first was merely a -visit ot curiosiM but the, second time he ome with rtne Voting Bernstorfs. The learned received, him as his merit deserved, and the Royal Society elected '.'/'; r r; fr him 506 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEORGE I. APPENDIX. him a member. After a life of study, greatly di versified with travelling, he retired to ease, com petence, and contemplation, under the protection of his noble pupils, whose library and museum he superintended. He died of an asthma, June 20, 1743, when only in his 55th year. His travels, n which have been translated into English, and have gone through several editions, are well known and highly esteemed; and we have some tracts by him, in Latin, upon subjects of antiquity: amongst these, Stonehenge on Salisbury Plain, and the missletoe of the Druids, are not forgotten. His Celtic and Northern Antiquities were publish ed at Hanover. HADRIAN RELAND, Mt. 36, Celascius pinxit, Vr. Qunst sc. This learned foreigner was a native of Ryp, a village in North Holland, where he was born July 17, 1696. His father, minister of that place, ''•and afterwards in Amsterdam, perfected him in the study of literature, in which he made so rapid a progress, that at the age of twenty-four he was appointed professor of philosophy at Hadarwick, which place he afterwards resigned for the chair of the oriental languages and ecclesiastical anti- - quities at Utrecht. He wrote a great deal, and ~< 'always in Latin, principally on the antiquities of the Hebrews: as, the description of their country, Palestine; their medals; and the grammar of their language. He also wrote " De Religione Ma- "hammedica," and some other tracts, This.learn- - ed man came to England in 1713, and died at iUtreeht, universally lamented, February 11, 1719, aged 43, leaving a son and daughter. There is a valuablework by his brother, P. Reland, entituled " Fasti Romanorum," published by Hadrian in 17 15, -8vo. ' WILLIAM THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 507 GKORGE •• APPENDIX. WILLIAM JAMES de GRAVESANDE, oval, Wandelaer p. J. Houbraken sc. William James de Gravesande, J.U.D. born at Bois-le-Duc in 1688, was of an ancient family, and early distinguished himself by his mathema tical attainments. His regard to Newton and his system, probably occasioned his obtaining the place of secretary to the embassy sent hither in 1715, when a personal acquaintance between him and our invaluable philosopher commenced, which became a friendship that ceased only with the life of Newton. On his return to Holland, he received the appointment of professor of astronemy and mathematics at Leyden, and after wards of philosophy; and died February 18, 17-4 1, very highly and deservedly esteemed, as a Chris tian, and a man of established genius in several sciences: his works are very numerous. Grave sande had the misfortune to lose two sons, who seemed to have been designed to inherit his fame.ELEAZER ALBIN, on horseback, prefixed to his " History of Spiders," 1720, J. Scotin sc. Eleazer Albin, well known as a naturalist, wrote upon insects, and particularly on spiders, a dis- " gusting subject. Had he lived until the present times he would have found a great field for in vestigation, respecting the long-legged, many- eyed tribe in New South Wales, where their webs are so strong as to resist violent strbkes from a cane. Albin may have loved these creatures as well as Magliabechi did, whose greatest fears were, lest any of his visitors should injure his tribes of spiders*. However, Albin was more pleasingly * See Spence's » Parallel between Magliabcclii and Hill," printed at Strawberry Hill, 1758, page 30. employed $08 TH&' HISTORY QF ENGLAND. GflpU^EI. APPENOIX. employed whep writing, his History of Birds, which work has been translated' into Frefnch by Derham, in three" volumes, 4-to: Hague, 1'750. •; EdwardrsTsHistor-v hag superseded, jjt in a great mea- .s-ure, but' the work requires reprinting; with -addi tions and. corrections ;'.a«, since -the time,_wj?en aiisthosecauthnf srif rfctfe, ornithology-; has b^Gi?; mv-ch improved, by /flew- discoveries:, ;,_ I Jpave ,& book, .-ii entituUdi. "A- Natural Hitfory of English. ;Sopg->- .,! ", Birds, and such foreign Birds as are usually ;b 'S brought over, and esteemed for; thgjr singing, rii " with jgjegsnt, engravings, weU coloured/' ,ex- J tracft«d>fromAl,bin's "Works," I have . mentipn- - ed it,'as a rijost 'pleasing present from parents to -: their children.' ; Albin wrote ;ojf .Qther^jnsecjs, I believe, besides spider?. Granger says he w?is a painter, .and published four hundred plates on birds and insects- coloured, with description^. The -:> Albini.was a very scientific family, Peter Albki, oV professor of poetry and the mathematics afW't- < tepilasijg, 9»d. An historian,, died at the end ,qf -.the sixteenth century. Bernard Albin, a physician, professor at Franckfort on the Oder, and of Ley- ' den; died at the latter city in 1721, aged 69. Bernard Sigred Albinus, his- son,, succeeded him .'.,. in. tJhe...prpfessoi;'s .cjjajr atLeyden, and became , the fj;rst anatomist in Europe :" Christian Bernard ,„ ,Aj.bjriU6, .another son, professor : of physic"' at Utrecht, tfas been confused, Ibejieve, 'with Ele- a^1' Albinus; but they .both' appear tQ have .written', iipon natural history.'' To Christian Ber nard is given " Tbie Natural History bf'fheTn- , '." sects of England,". London, 1749; in 4 to. ' The , ,^alrpain,e of this famjly was Weiss', Anglice'^White, but Latinized .to, Albinus. . THOMAS THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND'^f 509 GEOKGE 1, APPENDIX. TJR>MAS FANTET, Sieur de Lagriv/A S. RtVe pinx. T. Muiet sc. .'v.uuk .,-- !'.^ .y.-„. -1.: J />!. Thomas Fantet, Sieur de Lagny, born at, Lyons, November 7, 1660, was educated for the Ja.w^awd had been admired as ,an advocate, but quitted jit for the mathematics. He went to Paris in 1686, and became tutor to the Due de Noailes, arid in 1*695, a member of the Academy 'of Science's, Lewis XIV. sent him, in 1697, to Rochfort,. as/'a professor of hydrography, where, during the six .years ,-he staid,; he brought its navigation to per fection. On his return to Paris the king made. him his sub-librarian for philosophical and ma- lthtejitical works; and the regent Orleans gave him "a pension bf 2000 l&fds. He was well kriovfn ia; England, where the Royal Society elected him >A Fellbw in 1718. De Lagny died at Paris, April 11, 1734,' aged 74, Whose works are in French, and entituled " Methodes nouvclles et " abtegee pour 1'Ex.traction et ['Approximation " des Racines;" ".Nouveaux Elemens d' Arith- " metique et d'Algebre;" "La Cubature de la *' Sphere;" "Analyse" generate, ou Methode pour " resoudre tes Problems;" and' several pieces in the 'memoirs of the Academy, of Sciences. !t io • - * 'JUSTUS VAN EFFEN. Justus Van Effen was a Fellow of the Royal Society, I believe soon after .1716. , i ,T. •&MCHOLAS! FRANCIS HAYM, anttclnng. I can learn no other particulars of Nicholas Francis Haym, than that he was a German, and a .literary, man; I suppose him to have been in England in the year 1720. ' * J JAN 510 THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. GEOKGE I. APPENDIX. JAN VAN HUYSUM, in D' Argentine s " Pein- " tres," Aubcrt sc. Jan Van Huysum, in Deschamp's " Peintres," S. Ficquet sc. v Jan Van Huysum, A. V Halensc. Jan Van Huysum, A. Schouman sc The painter Jan Van Huysum came to England, but in what year I am ignorant. He died in 1749, aged 67. ANCELM de la MOTRAYE, prefixedto his "Tra vels," J. Wood p. F. M. La Cave sc. Motraye, the well-known traveller, died at Paris, January 31, 1743, very far advanced in years. Granger has placed him in this reign. Though he first. came into England in. 1686, he visited it again at the latter period. JOAO PEDRO FERNANDE, J. Green p. P.Cas- teels sc. Joao Pedro Fernande, or, as Granger writes the name, Joannes Peter Fernande, came from India to London in 1726, but on what account I am un certain. It is probable that he was a descendant of some of the Portuguese settlers in the East Indies. CHARLES LEONE, mez. T. Johnson, ad vivum. Charles Leone, probably an Armenian mer chant. ANTOINE THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND. 511 GEORGE 1. APPENDIX. ANTOINE MAURICE, R. Gardelle, (1728,) ad vivum. This clergyman was a pastor and professor of theology at Geneva. SAGA YEATH, mez. P. Schenck sc. 1720. Saga Yeath„ whole length, mez. Verelst p. J. Si mon sc. Saga Yeath Qua Pieth Tow, king of the Ma- quas Nation, a North American tribe of Indians. TEE YEE NEEN HO GAROW, whole length, mez. Verelst p. Simon sc. Emperor of the Six Nations. ETOW OH KOAM, King of the River Nation, whole length, Verelst p. mez. Simon fecit. HO NEE YEATH TAW NO ROW, King of the Generethgarich, whole length, Verelst p. mez. Simon fait- These American chieftains have been mentioned before, under the reign of Queen Ann, but the 'prints were not sufficiently particularized, for which reason they are inserted here; and to the same pe riod, perhaps, the following portraits, which are not dated, ought also to be assigned : TOMO CHACHI, Mico or King of Yamacran, and TOOANAHOROI his nephew, son to the Mico oftheEtchitas, two three-quarters lengths, Verelst pinx. mez. John Faber scin one plate. INDEX. INDEX TO THE THIRD VOLUME. Abernethy, John ^dams, Thomas Adcock, Abram Aikman, William, Albin, Eleazar Alder, John . Alditiorontiplwscopliornio, one qf the cliaracters in • Chrononhotonthologos Allen, John, M.D. Allen, Thomas ... Arbuthnot, John, M.D. - - - Argyle,. Elizabeth, duchess of - Arlaud, James Anthony - - - American young prince, some account of the Andre, Nicholas St. a curious account of Astley, Sir Jacob, Bart. Atkinson, Paul Atterbury, Lewis, LL.D. Atterbury, Francis, bishop of Rochester Aufrere, Israel Anthony Aylmer, Mathew, lord - ¦» Baillie, George, the Hon. Bannister, John ... Barker, William - Barker, Harrietts, S.T.P. Barham, Henry, Esq. ... Barrowby, William ... Bayly, Benjamin. M.A. Becket, William ' - Benedetti, - Bennet, Benjamin ¦» Bentley, Richard, D.D. , his two daughters caressed as first-rate beau ties by the young Cantabs Berkley, James, earl of Bertheau,.Charles - - * Bertringham, Michael - - Bernacchi, Antonio Voi,. IIL LI Class Page. IV. 163 — ; 162 X. 404 — 385 X1L- S07485 , 408 N. IX. 285 IV. 135 IX. 365 XI. 452 X. 371 424 XII. 478 N. vrn. 238 IV. 172 — 124 — 80 — 165 VII. 225 V. 187 X. 401 VIII. 254 IV. 110 IX. 362 — 279 IV. 135 IX. 285 X. 406 IV. 143 — 100 ,, 1 , 103 III. 40 IV. 165 IX. 288 X. 409 Jernardi, 514 INDEX. Bernardi, John - Bickham, George - Bickham, George, jun. ... Binning, Charles Hamilton, viscount Birch, Humphrey IVyerley, interesting anecdote con cerning . - - Birnie, Patie ... , his death lamented by Allan Ramsay Bisse, Thomas, D.D. Blackburn, Launcelot, archbishop of York Blackburns the, un ancient family in York Blackwall, Anthony, M.A. Blind Jack - - - Blunt, Sir John - - - Boerhaave, Herman . - Booksellers, formerly called librarians Booth, Barton - Bothmer, count de - - Bourn, Samuel - - - - Bowes, Eleanor - - - Bowyer, Sir John, Bart. - ... Boyne, Gustavus Hamilton, viscount Bradbury, Thomas ... Bradley, Benjamin Bradford, Samuel, bishop of Rochester Bragg, Robert lireslazv, the manner in vJiich he tricked the mayor qf Canterbury - - Brett, Thomas, S.T.D. Bristol, Frances, countess of Broglio, due de Brockwell, —¦ ... Broome, William i - - - Brooks, William ... , appointed tutor to the young American prince Brown, George, M.A. Bruce, John Buckinger, Matthew Budgell, Eustace, Esq. Bulstrode, Whitelock ... Buonpncini, Giovani Burchett, Josiah - - - Burel, Edward - Burton upon Trent, distinguished for the elegance qf ydts inliabitants ¦- - - , Bury, Sir Thomas - - Cadogan, William, earl Calamy, Edmund, D.D, Camel) Robert, LL.D. Camillus, the shield of, an antique in Dr. ti'oodviard collection - Campbell, Duncan -. Carey, Henry Carleton, lk'nry Boyle, lord - |. . Carlisle, Ami, countess of - Carlisle, Charles'Howai d, earl of Class Pag*. IX. 331 x, 394 — 396 III. 59 X. 398 N. xir. 483 — 484 IV. 100 ' — 68' — 69 N. — 133 XII. 484 VIII. 242 A pp. 503 X. 429 — 413 App. 494 . IV. 156 l XI. 446 VIII. 238 III. 6.1 IV. 159 X. 432 IV. 90 — 155 xir. 485 IV. 146 XI. 440 App. 493 IV. 166 — 136 X. 423 — 424 IV. 151 XII. 462 — 4S7 IX. 2Q.6 -r- 364 \. 399 VIII. 259 XII. 4S«" 485 VI. !9S VII. 210 IV. 154 — 1 26 IX. 277 Xlt. 480 X. 407 11, 18 .XI. 440 • III... . 3S-' Carolina, INDEX. Carolina Wilhelmina,. princess of Wales, afterwards queen of England Carpenter, George, lord Carreras, Joseph - - Carteret, Elizabeth, lady Caylus, le Comte de - Cat, Christoplier, famous for his mutton pies Cecil, Charles Cecil, William - - - Cecil, Diana, lady - - - Chandos, John Brydges, duke of Chappel, alias Grater, Samuel Cheney, George, M.D. , , an attack upon Ue Doctor's milk diet and spare regimen, with his reply Chereau, Francis - - Cheron, Louis ... Chichley, Sarah - Chocke, Mr. Alexander Clarke, Alured, D.D. Clarke, Samuel, DJD. - - - Clark, Christopher, A.M. Clark, Matthew - - Clavering, Robert, bishop of Peterborough Clerc, Jean le - Cobham, Richard Temple, viscoSut Cockburn, Archibald, A.M. ., some remarks upon his " Philosophical Essay concerning tlie intermediate State of the blessed Souls." Coleman, Benjamin, D.D. Collingwood, George - «• Colstpn, Edward, Esq. of Bristol Coningsby, Thomas, earl Coningsby, Thomas de, and family, lines composed on them by some ancient bard Conolly, William, the Right Hon. Cooper, Priscilla Cooper, Edward, printseller Cornwallis, Charles, fourth lord Cotton, Sir John Hynde Craggs, James, postmasterrgeneral Craggs, James, jun. *¦ t Croft, William Crouch, William ... Crowe. William, D.D. Croxall, Samuel, S.T.P. Dahl, Michael ... Dale, Samuel, Med. Lie. Dalryniple, Sir Hew - * Dajzel, Robert - v., - Dandridge, - ¦ Dart, John, the Rev. - . * purtineuf, or Dartiquenave, Charles pavies, John,' D.D. - -• Peering, Jane H2 515 CLAS! I. 8 VII. 214 IV. 171 XI. 448 App. 493 X. 431 VIII. 233 — 234 XI. 446 III. 30 XII. 486 IX. 274 — 275 X. 393 — 377 XI. 451 VIII. 255 IV. 98 — 118 — 132 — 161 — 91 App. 497 111. 46 IV. 140 — 123 xii. 464 VIII. 249 III. 44 — 46 V. 188 XL 450 x. 428 III. 49 V. 183 -rr- 178 ~- 17a X. 397 xu. 481 IV. 122 — 113 A. 380 IX. 281 VI. 209 VII. 221 X. 410. IX. 353, V. 185 IV, 112 XI. 451 Pagb. Deloraiae^ 516 INDEX. Deloraintj Henry, Scot,, earl of - ¦ Derwentwater/James Ratcliffe, earl of — -- , his estate granted to Greenwich Hospital De Moivre, Abraham Denton, Alexander - Derby, James Stanley, earl of Derham, William, D.D, Desaguliers, J. T. - , -. j the first person who read lectures cm na tural and experimental philosophy in London Devonshire, Rachael, duchess of Dickinson, Diehard, or Funny Dick Draper, William, Esq. Du Bois, Guillaume, cardinal Dress, remarks on - - - Dunch, Edmund - - - - Dunster, Samuel, M.A. - - - Dwarf, English ... Dwarf, Dutch - - - - Dwarf, Persian - Echard, Laurence, A.M. Edward VI. a picture of him at Billingbeare Egerton, the Hon. Thomas Egyptian Society, the . - Eldridge, Mr. - Elliott, Edward, Esq. - - Emlyn, Thomas - Ernest Augustus, prince of Brunswick-Hanover and duke of York - t- Etow Oh Koam, king of the River Nation Evans, John, D.D. - - Exeter, John Cecil, earl of Eyre, Sir Robert - - - Falmouth, Hugh Boscawen, viscount Farrell, Owen - Faustina, Signora Fellows, William' - - Ferg, Francis Paul ... Fernande, Joao Pedro - - - Figg, James, the prize-fighter Finch, Peter, M.A. Finch, Henry, M.A. - Forcenza, George, the young American prince Ford, Thomas, A.M. - - - Friend, John, M.D. ... Frowde, Philip - Gale, Henry, Esq. - Gale, John, M.A. Gale, Roger, Esq. F.R.S. Gandy, Henry Gascoiirne, Richard, Esq. Gastrell, Francis, bishop of Chester - George I. king of England ¦', Epigram on his statue on Shofnsbury Church George Augustus, prince of Wales, afterwards George II. of England Class Page. III. 59 XH. 458 459 N IX. 354 VI. 197 III. 32 IV. 108 — 126 T— — XI. 438 / XII. 481 VIII. 239 App. 492 Dress. 489 V. 175 IV. 113 XII. 488 489 IV. 106 VIII. 248 N. 234 > IX. 335 ,1 288 VTII. 249 IV. 161 I. 9 Iv*" 511 146 III. 36 VI. 196 III. 48 XII. 488 X. 412 VI. 206 X. 375 App. 510 XII. 479 IV. 135 , 97 X. 424 IV. 115 IX. 271 . 307 __ 341 IV. 139 IX. 338 IV. 173 XII. 464 IV. 85 I. "1 VIII. 258 I. 6 Gibbs, INDEX, 517 Gibbs, Ja|mes, architect - - , Gibson, Edmund, bishop- of London Giffard, Bonaventure, bishop «f Madura Gilbert, Sir Jeffray 8LUTTON, a •*-" - - - - otlfrey, Ambrose Godfrey, Arabella -, Godolphiii, Francis, earl of - Gordoa, Henpietjta, duchess of Gordon, Alexander, duke of Gordon, Sir William - Gore, Mary .... Gdiupy, Lewis Grafton, Charles Fitzroy, duke of . Grant, Soger .... GraravHle, John Carteret, earl Graves, Richard, Esq. ... Gravesande, William James de, . - Grey, Samuel, Esq. Griffin, Benja.mii> Grimstone, William, viscount Grove, Henry - Guest, Joshua - Gurney, Mrs. - - - - Gurmey, John, Mr. - - - Haddington Thomas, earl of Hall,. John - - - - Hanokwitz, Ambrose Godfrey Hardy, Sir Thomas ... Harris, Samuel ... Harte, Walter, M.A. - — , befriended by the three successors of Bishop Ken Hawes, ?— ... Hawkeswprth, Sir Walter Haynj, Nicholas Francis Haynes, Hopton, Esq. Haywood, Eliza ... Hearne, Thomas, M.A. Hendley, William - Hill, Aaron, Esq. - , lines to tlie memory qf his wife Hodgson, James, - - Holberg, Ludewjg - - Hole, Mathew, D.D. Holmes, George, F.R.S- Hooper, George, bishop of Bath and Wells --, the characfler given of him when a boy, by Dr. Busby - Hoo NeYeathTawNo Row, an American chieftain Hopkins, Thomas - HorsajJ, Reuben - Houbraken, Amqld - - _-,- Houbxakgn, an eminent artist, some tuitice of him Hough, John, bishop of Worcester - HoWell Lawrence, M.A. - Puckji, Willuyp, fcsq. - •- Class Pace. X. • 390 IV. 69 , — 171 vi; 198 ..XII. .485 IX. ?89 XI. 449 in. 42 XI. 452' in. 52 VIII. 264 XIJ. . 4S6 X. 390 'II. 21 IX. 287 II. 23 IX. 347 4pp. 507 VIII. 268 x. 417 III. 60 IV. 157 VII. 222 XI. 451 X. 432 III. 56 XII.-. 463 IX. 289 VII. 230 IV. , 143 — 147 — — -N.- — , 154 VIII. 241 App. 509 VI II. 256 IX. 311 — 344 IV. 142 IX. 298 — '300 IX. .. 359 -App. '496 IV. 118 IX. 339 IV. 76 77 App. VIII. 511.. 253 IX, 35-4 -X. 387 ., — V — - o» IV. 78 — 152 VIJI -25J "Hudson, 518 INDEX. Hudson, John, D.D. Hughes, John Huntingdon, Theophilus Hastings, earl of Hussey, Joseph - Jamey, ¦ Ibbot, Benjamin,) D.D. Ibbot, the late Beigamin, of Westminster, a great col lector of English portraits Jekyll, Sir Joseph - Jennings, Sir John - ¦ , the statue qf George II. in Greenwich Hos pital the. gift of this admiral Jervas, Charles, the painter — — — , his praisefalsely sounded by Pope's blind par tiality , instances of his excessive self-complacency Inglis, Alexander Inglis, John, M.D. ... Johnson, Benjamin - Isaac, — dancing-master Ithell, Benedict, Esq. " - Kaye, Sir Arthur, Bart. Keiling, John - - - - Keith, George ... Kenmure, William, viscount Kennet, White, bishop - of Peterborough Kenney, ' — ... Kenrick, John, Esq. ... Ker, John - - Keysler, John George Kidder, Edward - - - - — — — , a curious bill or advertisement of his given at length ... King, Peter, lord ... Kit Cat Club ... Knowles, Gilbert ... Knapp, William ... Knight, John, Esq. ... La Guerre, Louis ... Lagny, Sieur de - Langdon, Tobias - - - Largillierre, Margaret Elizabeth de Laurence, John, M.A. Law, John, Esq. projector of the Mississippi scheme Layer, Richard - Leadbetter, Charles ... Le Beck, tavern-keeper Lediard, Thomas ... L' Enfant, James - Leone, Charles ... Lewis, John, A.M. ... Lincoln, Henry Clinton, earl of Lktle Britain, formerly the grand emporium for books Lloyd, Robert Lumley, D.D. - . . Lockhart, Philip ' Lofting, John Ctsf Page< IV. 127 IX. 300 III. 33 IV. 162 XII. 481 IV. 105 N. VIII. 253 VI. 205 VII. 231 IX. X. VIII. XII.IV.XII. IV. X. VIII. IX. App. A. VI. X. IX. vni x. Ari VIII. XII. IX. -I X. IX, App. IV. III. X. IV. 387 N. 388 389 285 278 417426 255237 484 144 460 86 409 240 329 505 i 436437 N- 192 431 305306246373509 141 504 11* 265 467 361 435 329497 510 138 35 429 J 25 ?' 463"; 430 --"" T tide, INDEX. 519 j Class Luae, Count de - - App.' Lude, James Daillon de - IV. Lupton, William, S.T.D. - - ~ Macclesfield, Thomas Parker, earl of - IV. Mahomet, Lewis Maximilian - - VIII. Malard, Michael - - - IV. Manchester, Charles Montague, duke of III. Markham, William - - IX. Mar, John Erskine, earl of III. Marriage, a little one - - XII. Marshall, a , spectacle-maker - X. Marten, John ... ix, Mather, Cotton, S.T.D. and F.R.S. - IV, Mather, Samuel, M.D. - - - — Mattaire, Michael, M.A. - , - IX. Maurice, Antoine ... App. Melmoth, William, Esq. - - IX. Mertins, Sir George ^ VIII. .'Miller, Max. Christ. - - - XII. Molesworth, Robert, viscount - - III. Monamy, Peter - - * X. Montagu, lady Ann . - i XI. Montague, Sir James - - VI. Montgomerie, - - VIII. Morgan, Ann, lady ... XI. Morley, John, Esq. ... VIII. ¦ , his expedition to Down-Hall tvith Matthew Prior - Mortimer, Cromwell Moss, Robert, D.D. Motraye, Ancelm de la Mundy, Francis, Esq. Murphy, John, D.D. Musgrave, William, M.D. Mustapha, Signor Nary, Cornelius ... Nesbitt, John - Netto; or Nietto, David Neve, Robert; the juggler - * Nevi£ Grey, Esq. Newcastle, Thomas Pelham, duke of Newcomb, Thomas Newton, Robert ... Newton, Benjamin, M.A. ' Newton, James, M.D. Nicholas, Abraham <¦ Noble, some, notices relative to the name and family of Ogle, Sir Chaloner Oldfield, Ann Oldhim, Nathaniel * Oldham. George, B.D. Orme, Rdbeft;, M.A. - ¦*¦ Orrery, the countess of -,lord Orrery's lines in memory of her Ossulston, Charles, lord, &c. Qmt