YALE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY

mBy^^1'

IN MEMORY OF SAMUEL AMOS YORK
YALE 1863
FROM THE FUND ESTABLISHED IN 1924
BY HIS SON SAMUEL ALBERT YORK
YALE 1890

THE NEW
DESCRIPTION and STATE
O V
ENGLAND, CONTAINING THE
M A P P S
OFTHE
COUNTIES of England and Wales,
"k In Fifty Three COPPER-PLATES,
Newly Defigrid, Exaffily Drawn and Engraven by
the Befi Arti&s.
|he fev^ral Counties defcribed, the Account of their An-
tWgrt wLMo&em Karnes, Extent, Soil, Former and Prefent
IRHiabirants, their K.ttmi>er% .Rarities, Market-Towns, an$.Days
whereon the Markets are kept, Hundreds , Rivers, Bays,
Harbours, Bridges,. Minerals, Commodities, Number of A'
cres, -what Proportion each County pays to the Land-Tax, Arch-
bifhopricks, Bijhoprkks, Cathedrals, Parijb-Churches, Schools,
tiofpitals, Roads and Distances, Roman Ways , Pqfl-Totvns,
Men, of Note, Memorable Battles and Actions, the Houfes of
the Nobility and. Gentry, an Account of Fairs, tfc,
To which is Added,
A New and Exatl Lift of the Houfe of Peers and Commons, and
of the Lord- Lieutenants of each County, of the Army, Ha-
vy, Officers and Offices, &c. belonging to this Kingdom.
^  .  _L^  ^r ¦¦'¦'¦  _ 
LONDON, -/
Jfineed for Robert Morden, in Comhill ; Thomas Coc hjrttl, at the Three
' Leggs and Bible againft Grocers-Hall in the Poultry ; and, Ralph
$fflitb, sc the Bible under the F/*^ of the Roya lExahd%e ,1701,

T O T H E
Courteous Reader.
THE true Knowledge of our Native
Country concerns us much more
than to be acquainted with the Tra
vels into ForcL^IL :.'i . It cannot but be as
icceptable as necejfary to all Men of any Bu-
^ep and Employment in the Commonwealth y
\^ yeild great Satisfa&ion to the learned
j jrveyors of the World. I fuppofe I need
\ at here reckon up the many Advantages
b\t every one may from thence receive, nor
0td you of the Pleafure to understand,
xnthout "the Expenses and Dangers of Tra
velling, the Situation, the Rarities, and o-
ther Remarkable Particulars of this our No
ble Kingdom. Be not miftakgn, England
may Glory to be as full of natural Wonders,
Rarities, and Excellencies^ as any other
Country under the Sun. It becomes not the
Inhabitants to be ignorant of them, nor to
be unmindful of or unthankjul to that kjnd
Providence, that has cafi them upon fuch a
bleffed Shoar, where all things combine to
gether, and contribute to render them Truly
Happy. This were an unpardonable negli
gence amongft the mojlftvage Nations, who
A 2 are

To the Courteous Reader.
are plungd\ in Stupidity^nd Barbarity,.
'Us therefore thePurpofe ofthefe-C#Ue3i<-
ons to give you a fummary, but a full Choro-
grapBcal and Topographical Account of this
fruitful Kingdom, and of all things mojl
worthy of notice in every fifitnty.* To ~tohi$%
is' added, An exdU and true Defcription of
the Land in the Maps, to reprefent to your
view the principal Plates of this moft de
lightful Country. ;J %
Several weighty. Reafons have perfwaded
tfo "Undertakers \o be at the Expence of
this necejfary Wor^,' for the Convenient^' tpi
the Publicly The Bnli^ and Largenefs]
other Volumes that Mhtdfthefe Matters,
ing too chargeable for the Purfes of mt
and too tedious for the Perufdl of Mer.
Bufnefsy'tht: Mtjiakes.and Errors of otl
Map's, ^ that mtfplace Svers contiderj
Towns, and negleCt t'lxmcntioningWi
of note, are fome of the. Reafons that have
incouragdthem to this Abbreviation :, where
you §a^ find together \Vphai is fcatterd in fe-s
¦veral Books, and as.jufl an account of all
Parts of the Kingdom. as 'may be 'gathered
from what Intelligence could come to their
Bands. ' ^ . ¦¦•
'Tis therefore recommended to1 the kind
Avceptance of the Publici, being cheifty in
tended for their Benefit and Advantage.

General Account
OF
ENGLAND, &c.

MAGNA BRITANNIA, or Great Bri
tain, iB, and hath always been reckoned
fince its firit Difc^very^he mod Noble, moft
Fruitful, moft Excellent, and moft Bleffed
Ifland oi the World, not only in regard of its S6il, Situ
ation, Climat, and other natural Conveniencies, but al-
fo in refpeft of its brave, valiant, beautiful,' skilful and
induftrious Inhabitants ; and alfo in refpeft of its whol^
fom and good Laws, contriv'd fcf the Eafeand Happi-
nefs of all the Subjects of what Order or Quality ioever.
And of this Ifland, which comprehends England and
Scotland^ with alf the finalier Jfles that encompafs it z-
, bout, 'tis not difputable nor OjUeftionable but. that Eng
land is the chief, the moft fruitful, the wealthieft, and
the moft convenient for the Habitation of Mankind. This
rich, pleaTant, and beautiful Kingdom is here defcrib'd,
With its feveral Counties, and with all thofe things that
are any ways remarkable or deferve notice, and that more
fuccinftly and briefly than has hitherto been publifhed
for the Conveniency of the Reader, according to the
beft Intelligence that could be had of the prefent State.
The Name England, Anglia, is deriV-'d from u-feeautiful,
numerous, and valiant Tribe, who enter'd and conquer'd
this rich Soil with their Neighbour Saxons. They were not

ii A General Account of England.
not unknown to the ancient Rothatts ; for Tacitus repre-
fents them with the Reudigni, Aviones, Varmi, Eudofest
Suardones, and Nuithones, their next Borderers in Gernta-
many, inhabiting among, and defended by Rivers and.
Woods, and that all thefe People ador'd Herthum, or the
Earth; as their Common Mother. In the Romans time
England and Wales Was inhabited by 17 Tribes, or Native
Britains , thus diftinguifh'd. 1. The Canti poffeffed
Kent. 2. The Regni, Suffex and Surrey. 3. The Durotri-
ges, Dorfetjhire.. 4. The Dahimonii, Cornwall and Devon-
/hire. . 5. The Belg&, Somerfetfhire , Wilt/hire, and Ham-
flme. ' 6. The Attrebacii , Berkjhire. 7. Dobuni, Ox
ford/hire and Glocefterfhire. -, 8. Catiyelani, Wamick_/hire,
BuckJngham/Mre and Bedford/hire. 9: The Trinobaiites,
Hertford/hire, Middlesex and Efiex. 10. The Iceni, Suffolk,
Norfolk., Cambridge , and Huntington/hire-. 11. Coritanir
Rutland, Northampton/hire, Lincoln/hire, JLekefterjhire, Dar
by/hire, and Nottingham/hire. 12. Cornabii, Stafford/hire,
lVorcefterfhire, Shropshire and Che/hire. 13. Ordovices, Flint-.
/hire, Denbigh/hire , Carnarvon/hire , Montgomery/hire, and
Merioneth/hire. 14. Brigantes and Par///, Lancashire, Torl^
/hire, Richmond/hire , Durham , Weflmorland , and Cumber
land. 1$. Silures, Hereford/hire, Radnor/hire, Monmouth-
fhire and Glamorganshire. 16. Dimeta, CaermarthenflAret
Pembroke/hire, and Cardigan/hire. 17- Ottoduni, Nortbum- '
berland, Tweedale., Tiffedale, March and Louthain.
This Divifion continued during the A<ww* Govern
ment ; but as foon as the teonx had conquef'd the"
Ifland, they parted it into 7 Kingdoms, as followeth :
1. The Kingdom ofO C
Kent contained ^the County of "^ Kent.
2. The Kingdom of-) r ,
the South Saxons Cthe Counties of J 's,$* and
contained J \Surry.
3. The Kingdom of *» (Norfolk
the &$ ^fec con- C the Counties of ) Suffolk.
tained \ ) Cambridg, and
-> CThelfleof £#.
r Cornwall.
4. The Kingdom of) ^ Dei/on^e,,
the We/rSrfM.f con- fthe Counties of J Somerfetfhire.
•tained J yVilt/hhe.
V H-mpfhire,
t- Barkjlikei 5. The

A General Account of England.

in

5. The Kingdom of
Northumberland con
rained

Lancafler.
\Tork
< Durham.
f\ / Cumberland.
;- Sthe Counties of JVeflmorland.
J \ Northumberland.
< And part of Scot*
/ lanatotheFritb of Edinburgh.

6. The Kingdom of*
the Eaft Satins con- r'
tained

7. The Kingdom ofc
jj/erew contained J '

{EJ/kc. Middle/ex, and
Hartford/tare.
" Glocefler.
Hereford.Worcefler. Warwick;Leicefter. Rutland.Northampton.
Lincoln. Huntington*
Bedford. Buckingham, Oxford. Stafford,
Derby.
Shrpp/hke. Nottingham. Chefler, and part
.of Hereford/hire.

the Counties of<

In the Srfww time the Country was feparated into
Hides. King Alfred was the firft who divided England
into Counties, and the Counties into Hundreds or Cen
turies, and Tythings. The Hundreds in fome parts
were named Wapentakes. This pivifion he appointed
for a more ready Execution of Juftice, ordering two
Judges in every Province, in/read of Lieutenants, to de
termine Controverfies, and keep Order 5 they are now
called Shires, from the Saxon Word Scyre , to Divide.
At the firft there were but 32, in the Year 1616. in the
Reign olMthelred-, but in the Reign of William theCon-
?uerot the Land was feparated into 36 Counties, tho' in
is Survey he names but 34, becaufe part of the North
Was not included. Now we have 40 Counties in Eng-
}*nd, and 12 in Wales^Ovet every County there was three
"" King's

iv A Qeneral \Accomt- of 'England.
King's Lieutenant^r1 Deputy ? but Canntus the Dane divfc
ded the Land into four Governments, the firft he refer-
yed for himfelf, the other three he committed to three
Noble and Faithful Perfons. Now out of every County
out of the Gentry ischoien by the King yearly an Officer
palled Sheriff, in Lat% Vice-.Comes, whole bufinefs 't&to
gather the Fines, to attend the judges to execute,. their
Orders, to empanel Juries, and to judge of meaner
Caufes -, for that purpofe he is affign'd a Deputy. or4|n-
der-Sheriff. King Edward III. appointed in every County
feveral Juftices or Keepers of the King's Peace, who are
to take Cognizance of Murders, Felonies, Trefoaffes, and
other Mifdemeanors, and to fecure Offenders till the Af-
fizes, when certain Judges are fent about in the Circuits
to mike a Goal Delivery.
Hoimius, Archbifhop of Canterbury, in the Year 6%6.
firft began to divide England into Parifhes, as the Hiftory
of Canterbury tells us. Its Ecclefiaftical Government is
divided into two Provinces and two Archbifhopricks ;
Firft, Canterbury, that hath two and twenty Bifhopricks
under it, and Eight thoufand nine hundred and eighty
four Parifhes, whereof Three thoufand three hundred
and three are appropriated or impropriated , fome ber
longing yet to Cathedrals and Charitable Foundationsjare
made Lay-Fees by Aft of Parliament. Next Tork\ hath
three Bifhopricks under it, arid One thoufand fixty five
Parifhes, whereof Five hundred ninety two are Impro^
priaced as you rnay fee by this Lift.

Diocefes,

A General Account of England.

Diocefes.

Par.Ch.

Ch.Appr.

Canterbmy.

257

140

London.

£23

189

Winchefler.

362

131

Cov.tkLich.

557

250

Salisbury.

248

199

Bath & Wells.

388

1^0

Lincoln.

1255

5.77

Peterborough.

293

" 9i

Exeter.

604

239

Xrhcefier. Hereford.

267

125

313

166

Norwich.

1121

385

Ely.

141

75

Rocheffer.

98

36

Chicheften

250

112

Oxford.

195

.88

Worcefler.

241

16

Briftol.

236

64.

St. Davids.

308'

120 -V

Bangor.

107

3H

Llandaff.

1 177

98 >

St. Afaph.

121

*9J

Peculiars in

this Province

57

J4

York,

58i

33<J

Durham.

la5

87-

Chefler.

25*

ior

Carlifle.

93

18

Counties.
Part of Kent.
Effex & Mid. SCc.
Hampfliire, &c.
Warwick, &c.
Wilt/hire, &c.
Somerfetfliire, SCc.
Lincoln, &c. ,
Nortbampton,oZc.
Devon/hire. Gloceihrfhire.
Herefird/fjir,', &c.
Norfolk?*. Suffolk.
Cambridge/hire. Part of Kent.
Suffex. Oxford/hire. Worcefler/hire, Sec.
Dorfetfhire.The Welfh
Counties.

The Summ of all the Parifhes in England 'is 9284.
whereof 3845. are Appropriated and Impropriated -, but
in the Days of Cardinal Woolfey 1520. there were reck-
on'd 9407. Parifh Churches in England, fome having been
demolifhed with the Abbeys, and fome burnt by the Fire
of London, and feveral Parifhes have been united into one
Church. In thofe Days were 98 1 Monafteries and Re
ligious Foundations. The Government of England is Mo
narchical. The King, anciently named Coning, or Cjning,
is fupreme. By his Authority the Eftates areaffembled
to advife about matters of Difficulty, and they are called
a Pafhament, , confifting of two Houfes, the Houfe of
Lords and theHcufe of Commons. Next to the Kinp's
Majefty are reckoned the Royal Family, the Elded .'-<

-vi A Geneix^Account of England.
is-always Prince of Wales and Duke of Cornwall, the Se
cond Son is commonly Duke of York; ether Titles there
are belonging to the Royal Progeny, as Dukes of Lanca-
fler and Gloctflir, Earl of Chefler, &c* Next to the Kings
Family are the Nobles, Greater and Leffer. Amongft
the higher Nobles are Dukes, the Name figmfied an Of
fice, till the Year 970. Otho the Great then Emperor,
conferr'd that Honour, with certain Demeans and Royal
ties, upon his Favourites. - This Title was introdue'd
into England by Edward III. who created his Son Edward ¦
Duke of Cornwall, by a Wreath on his Head, a Ring on
his Finger, "" and a Silver Verge. Dukes are now Created ¦
by Patent, and by putting on a Sword, letting a Cap
¦with a Golden Circle upon their Heads, and by the Deli
very of a Golden Verge.
A Marquis fignifies properly one appointed to guard
the Borders. 'Tis now an Honorary Title next to that
of Duke. Richard II. firft created Robert Vere Earl of
Oxford Marquis cf Dublin. Marquifes are created by the
King, by girding on a Sword, putting on a Cap of Ho
nour, and delivering a Charter.
An Earl is the third Title of Honour, and is derived
either from the Germans, or from the Reman Emperors,
who had their Comites Imperii, their Attendants. They
were named by the Saxons Ealdormen, and by the Danes
Eorlas, Honourable Men. The Earls of Britany and
Flanders were the firft Hereditary Earls in Europe. Queen
Maud was the firft in England who ¦ gave that Honour to
Gdnfred de MagnaviUa, creating him and his Heirs Earls of
Effex. The Earls are created by the King by Patent, and
the Ceremony of a Robe, a Sword hang'd about the
Neck, and a Cap. with a Coronet put upon the Head.
The Earls Palatine are the moft confiderable, becaufe
they have Royal Jurifdiction belonging to them.
The Vicounts, or Vice Comites, follow next in Order.
This Name was never known in England before Henry the
Sixth. The Barons are to be plac'd next ; from whence this
Word comes is difputable 5 I judge it may be deriv'd
from the German Word Bar, a Freeman. The Title and
Dignity was in England at the time of the Norman Con-
queft. ACaftle and Jurifdiftion did then belong to eve
ry Baron, and divers 'Privileges are granted to their Per
fons above other Subjefts. They are to be judg'd by their
Peers ; they are fee from taking an Oath ; they are not
bound to be upon juries •, they are Summon'd by the
King's Writ to come to Parliament to advife upon the
weighty Affairs of the Nation, eye.
• Anion . .

A General Account of England. vii
Among the leffer Noblemen are the Knights, Efquires,
and Gentlemen. Knight, in Lat. Miles or Eques, by the
French Chevallier, by die Germans Renter; the moft
Honourable are of the Order of St. Geoge, or of the Gar
ter ; the Second, Bannerets, Knighted in the Field for
their Valor ; the third are, Knights of the Bath, created
with much Ceremony at the Coronation of our Kings and
Queens. The Fourth are the ordinary Knights, made by
the King, who caufes the Perfbn to kneel down , and
lightly upon the Shoulder ftrikes him with a Sword, fpeak-
ing to him in French, Sois Chevalier au nom de Dieu ; and
afterwards, Avance^. Chevalier, Rife Knight.
The Efquires, Armigeri, are reckoned next to the
Knights ; fome are Efquires by Office, others are ei
ther the Knights Eldeft Sons, or the Lords Youngeft
SonSj and are by Birth, or fuch as are made by the King's
Bounty. Next to thefe are the Gentry of England, who have a
Right to Coats of Arms ; and next to them .are the Yeo
men, Men of good Family and Eftates.
Of the Courts of Judicature.
TH E Higheft Court is that of Parliament, compofed
of King, Lords Spiritual and Temporal, and the
Commons. Tis fommoned at the King's Pleafure, and
exercifes Jurifdiftion without Controul on all the Sub
jects, and in aH Matters Publick and Private.
Next Court is that of the King's Bench, that takes
Cognizance of all Pleas of the Crown, <frc. And here ,a*
-Lord Chief Juftice of England, with four, or more, Judg
es, are appointed to Sit and to Determine Caufes. The
prefent Lord Chief Juftice is the Right Honourable
Sir John Hilt, a Perfon of known and approved Integri
ty, Wifdom, Learning in our Laws, and other Abilities
and'Perfeftions that deferve his Name to be here record
ed to Pofterity. ,
The Common-Pleas is a Court, where a Lord Chief
Juftice oF the -Common-Pleas Sits, with four, or more.
Judges, to .deterrmne-Gorttroverfies between Subject and
Subject, according to "the Common Law. Here are Offi
cers .belonging 'to this Court, as Cuftos Brevium , three
Protoffotaries, and others.
¦ The- Exchequer borrows its Name from a fquare Table
where the Judges fit. To this Court belong the Lord
Treafttrer^ the -Chancellor of the Exchequer, the Chief
Eaton, and other Barons.. The Officers are the King'-s

viii . A General Account of England.
Remembrancer , the Treafurer's Remembrancer, the
Clerk of the Pipe, the Comptroller of the Pipe, the five
Auditors ofthe old Revenues, the Foreign Oppofer,
Clerk of theEftrfats, Clerk of the Pleas, the Marfhal,
the Cierk of the Summons, the Deputy Chamberlains,
two Secondaries. In the Office of the King's Remembrar^
cer, two Deputies ; in-the Office of the Treafurer's Re
membrancer, two Secondaries of the Pipe, four other,
Clerks in feveral Offices. In the Receiving-Office are two
Chimherlains, a Vice-Treafurer , Clerk of the Tallies,
Cierk of the Pells, four Tellers, two Joyners of the
Tallies, two Deputy-Chamberlains, the Clerk ofthe Tal
lies, the Keeper of the Treafury, fout ordinary Purfi-
vants, two Scribes, <fyc. There are alfo Officers belong?
ing to the Firft-fruits Office.
Bcfides thefe Courts, which are open during the Four
Terms of the Year, Michaelmas, Hilary, Eafter and Tri
nity Terms ; the King fends Judges twice a Year in the
Circuits ; they are named Itinerant Juftices , or Juftices in
Eyre, or Juftices of the Affile. They are to take Cogni-,
zance of all Pleas of the Crown, to try Iffues between
Party and Party, and therefore named Juftices of Nifi
Trim, from thofe Words Nifi Prius included in the Writ
directed to the Sheriff.
The Court of the Star-Chamber, that formerly judged
of all Criminal Matters, Perjuries, Impoftures, Cheats,:
Excehes, <&c. is now abolifh'd by Aft of Parliament, as'
likewife the Court of Wards and Liveries.
The Court of Admiralty has Jurifdiftion in Marine Af
fairs. Over which prefides the Admiral, his Lieutenant,
a Judge, two Clerks, a Serjeant of the Court, and the'
Vice Admiral. ' ;
The Court of Chancery is a Court of Equity, appointed
to moderate the Severity of the Law in certain Caufes,
and.to control! the Rigour of other Courts. Here fjtthe
Lord Chancellor of England, who is Keeper of the Broad
Seal. The prefent Lord Keeper is the Right Honourable
Sir Nathan Wright, a Perfon of known Learning in our
La ws,of Juftice, Wifdom and uncorrupted Integrity, that
caufed him to be advanced to that high Station and Truft
with the univerfal Approbation of all Men; Twelve Ma
tters of Chancery his Affiftants, theMafter of the Rolls
being chief. To this Court belong many Officers, the
Clerk of die Crown, the Clerk ofthe Hamper, a Sealer,
a Chawff-wax, a Comptroller of the Hamper, twenty
four Curfitors, and a Clerk for the Subpoena Writs a
Protonotary, the fix Clerks or Attorneys of the Court
a Regifter, three Clerks of the Petit-bag, a Clerk of the
Prefen-

A General Account of England, ix
Prefentauons, a Clerk of the Faculties,!1 a Clerk for ex
amining Letters-Pattents, a Clerk for Divifions, fyc.
_ The Spiritual Courts, are, firft, the Synod or Convoca
tion, commonly called when the Parliament fits, Next
to this is the Court of the Archbifhop, or the Court of
Arches, the Judge is named Dean of the Arches, becaufe
he hath a Jurildiftion in 13 Parifhes in London, exempt
from the Bifhop of London. In this Court are 16 Advo
cates, all Doftors of the Law» cwo Regifters, and 10
Proctors, &c. There are alio the Court of Audience,
the Court of Prerogatives, the Court of Faculties, the
Court of Peculiars ; and every Diocefs there are the Ei-
Ihop's Courts, the Archdeacon's Courts, foe.
Befides thefe Courts, in every Hundred are petty
Courts kept to recover Debts under 40 s. and the County
Court kept by the Sheriff, his Under-sheriff or Deputy.
In this Noble Kingdom of England thefe are the moft
remarkable Fairs in the feveral Counties, and fome o-
thers, fixed to a Day, and movable according to the
Feafts. Fairs in January.
3' At Llanbither. 5. Hickford. 6. Salisbury. 7.LIan-
ginny. 6. and 25. Briftol. 13. Derby. 25. Gravef
end and Churchingford. 31. Llondyffe.
Fairs in February.
1. At Bromley, Lank. 2. Bath, Afhburn, Bicklef-
worth, Budworth, Bricklesfield, Beconsfield, Faringcon,
Godlemew, Hedon, Leominfter, Lynn, Maidftone, Rea
ding, the Vizes. 3. Boxgrave and Brinley. 14. Fever-
lham and Oundley. 24. Whitland, Uphingham,Walden,
Tukesbury, Highamferris, Henly on Thames, Froom,
Bourn,Baldock. 9. Llandaff. 6. Stafford for fix Davs.
26. Stafford for Horfes. 8. Yargaron. 28. Chefterfield.
At Winterbourn the fecond Thurfday in the Month, and
at Weldomorth the firft Wednefday.
Fairs in March.
1. At Madrim. 12. Alfom, Norfol. 13. Mounthow.
20. Alesbury. 25. Montgomery, Maiden, St. Albans,
Midhurft, Malpus, New-caftle, Northill three Days,
Northampton, Onabuck, Afhwel, Harif, Burton, Cardi:
gan, Great-Chart, Huntington, St. Johns worft, White-
land, Woodftock, Walden- 12. Wigbourn, Woubourn,
Wrexham. 13. Rye. 7. Worskep. 8. Tragarron.
18. Sturbridge. 12. Strudbury, Stoptford. 3. Seve-
noke. 25. Pyobus. 17. Partington. 4. Ocham, fe
cond Thurfday at Okehampton. 20. Northmore. 24.1*1-
--*¦*- - - - . r ' merchemic.

A General Account of England.
merchemic. i. Lajdegevellah and Langadog, 5- -Lafi-
cafter. 27.T>erby., 20. Durham, Bromeyard the Thurf--
day before. . 25. Bromeyard. 12. Bodman. 13. Bod-
win. 4. Bedford. 3. Brinwell, Brakes. 27. Ather-
ftone and Backwelk Fairs in April.
The third Thurfday in the Month at Yarmouth.
2$. Winchcomb. 23. Wilton, Woodley, Yarmouth and
Wortham. 26. Tenderden. 25.vUctoxiter. 5. Walling-
ford. . ii and i2- Warminfter ; Sudbury the laff Thurf
day and Saturday in the Month. 2i.,Abberforth. 25. 1-
ving. . 2 2. Amptill, Impfwich , iCillborough, Longnor ,
Mevemot, Bewdley, Brewton, Birdftock, Bilfea, , Bury,
Lane. Northampton, Nut-lay, .Suff. 12. Aberforth.
25.' Abington. 26. Alborough. .9. Billingf worth.
25. Bourn.- 11. Newport Pagnel. 23. St. Pombs-
3. LeekStaff. 2. North-fleet. 13. Orleton. 25. Buck
ingham. 27. Bofworth. 25. Okeham. 30. Eeverly.
23. Caftle-Comb. 2. Rockford. 23. Caaringcliff, Chi-.;
chefler and Bileborou gh. 20. Stonehoufe Green. 2 2. Staf-.
ford. 23. Sadbridgeworth and Saphire, Hatfield. 25. Saw-
ley. 28. Soham, Sudbury the laft Thurfday and Satur-.
day in the Month , Crickdale the third Wednefday.
25. Calne in Wilts, » Cliff in Suffex, and Colebrook..
26. Clare. 7 and 25. Derby. 25. Dunmow. 2 and
3.Epping. 13. Englesfield, Suff 16. Eaft-Greenfteati. .
23. Gravefend for 4 Days. -23. Guilford. 2. Hitchin.
23. Harbin, Hatfield, Bifh and Heninghatn.
Fairs in -May.
1. At Llatrifient, Louth and Andover. 3. Arundel,
Abergavenny. 3 and 10. Afhburn-Peak. 16. Llangar-
rang. 26. Lenham. 1 and 9. Maidfton. 6. Amesbury.
13. Aibrington. 3. Methyr. 27. Montgomery. 3.Moun-
tqn and Merchenleth. 1. Brickhill and Lackburn.
3. Bila. 3 andl 25. Bromyard. 7. Bath and Beverly,
9. Mayfile. 20. Malmsbury. 3. Nuneaton. 7. New
ton. 1. Black-heath. 13, Blackwell. 13. B,afa, Me-
ring. 3. Backington. 25. Backburn. , 1. Chelmsford^
3. Clifton. 1. Congerion. 5. Caxton. 7. Oxford.
i.Qfweftry. 19. Odehill. 1. Perin, Pembridge, Phi
lips Norton, and Pombridge. 31. Perfhore. 3; Pouth-
IV. 1. Reading, Rippon, Radfdale, Stokenail and Stan-
ftead, Stow in the Old, and Wendover. 19, Rochefter.
3. Scratford and Stretonchurch. 7. Stradford Avon.
The firft Wednefday Welden-North. 2. Worksworth.
!>¦ Welfh-Pool, Winterborough the fecond Thurfday.
2. Wadbridge. 9. Wellow. i. Uske and Warwick
3s Walcham. 8. Whemeriy. *. Tirxford, 3. Thet- ford

A General Account of England. xi
ford and Tidfwell. From 8 to 25. Thilerwilm Downs.
7. Tunderly. 12. Thork. 1. Kimar, Leighton, Leice-
fter, Lexfield, Lichfield, Ledbury and Linfield. 2. Leo-
. minfter. 6. Knighton. 3. Cherfy, Chipennam and
- Cowbridge. The fecond Friday Charlebury. 4, 5 and
6. Chatham. 4. Chefterfield, Chappelfrith. 29. Crain-
brook. 3. Denbigh and Derby. J.Derby. 1. Enfield,
Hounflow, Greenftreet, Forkinham, Grighowel and Ha- -
veril-hope. 11 and 19. Dunftable. 4. Foreffiam.
10. Tring. 2. Fairford. 3. Henningham and Hudders-
field. 6. Hay. 19. Horeford. 7. Hanftop and Hates-
bury. Fairs in June.
11. At Newport-Pagnel. "3. Alesbu.ry. 24. Gloce-
fter. 8. Abbington. 11. Newport- knees. 29. Gar-
ftang, Lane. 22. St. Albans. 11. Helt. _ 20. Hereford.
24. Newbury. 22 and 24. Afhborn. 26. Northop.
17. Hadftock. n.Okingham. 24. St. Anns. 17. Higham-
Ferries. 29. Onay. 24. Awkidborough and Halifax.
29. Afhwel. 24. Penfey and Horftone. n. Bremel,
Norf. 1$. Perfhore. 24. . Hertford. 54. Bangor.
24 and 29. Peterborough. 24. Horfham, Hum. 28. He-
fcorn. 24 and 28. St. Pombs. 16. Bleath , Breckn.
24. Prefton. 19. Brjdgenorth. 29. Hofdon. 23. Bar-
net. 29. Petersfield, Holdworth, Hordon and Pontfte-
phen. 24. BarnvvelL, Bedford-bedle, Beverly, Bifhops-
caftle, Bromfgrove, Brecknock,- Bofworth, Great-Bough-
ton, Kinfton , War. Reading, Rumford, Shaftsbury,
Stranftock and Knotford-lower. 29. Haderfield, Iver
and Sarftrange. 11. Knowillgate. 22. Kinrkih, Aund.
1 1. Llanibyther. 28. Royftcn. 1 7. Greenftow. 22. Shrews
bury, n. Selby. 24/ Burford. 29. Bala, Savenock,
Southam, Stafford, Stockworth, Sudbury, Buntingford,
Buckingham, Bolton, Brumley, Eurhemftead and Be-
nington. 11. Ledbury, Llanwift, Llandibandor. 27. Llan-
givilling. 24. Lancafter, Lincoln, Ludlow, Leicefter,
17. Landegain. The firft Monday and Tuefday Thorn.
29. Tring, Upton and Thoraek. 19 and 20. Thwaite,
firft Wednefday Carlifle. 23. Caftle-Ebichen. 1. Chap-
pel-frith. 21. Ufframnerick. 24. Warminfter, Wake
field, Wallingford and Warwick. 29. Llamorgan, La-
bendor, Leominfter and Lemifter. 24. Chefler, Col-
chefter, Craydon,' CraybrocK, Wenlcck and Windfor.
9lMaidftone. 18. Marcher; lenrh. 6, 7,and 8. Milton.
11 and 30. Maxfield. 11. Wellington. 29. Mcuntfor-
rel, Marleborough, Mansfield, Weftminfter, Wimey,
Wocdhurft. 24 and 29. Wolverhampton. 11. New-
borough and Newcaftle. 13. Great-Newton. 24. York.
29. Car-

&ii A General Account of England.
29. Cardiff. 19. Derby. 22. Dereham, Norf. 23. Der
by Dogeby. 19 and 20. Fairford. 28 and 29. Gar-
ftange. 24. Farnham. „
Pains in July.
2. At Rickmanfworth. 7. Richmond. 20. Neath;
23. Newark, Northwitch and Ponterly. 20. Odiham:
11. Parmeg. 15. Pinchback. 2. Afhton underline.
23! Chefton and Caernarven. 25. Campden, Chiche-
fter, Chilbolme, Aldergam and Abbinton: 7- Albright
ton; 20. Alferton. 2$ and 27. Afhwell. 29.Ci.appd-
hago. 22. Stockbu'ry and Stony-Stratford. i7.Stevenagei
¦7 and 25. Royftone. 22. Rocking. 25. Revengelafs,
Reading, Rofs. 26. Raiadargway. 2, Smeath, Swanfey,
7. Shelfo fweaten. 5. Burton upon Trent. 7. Brent
wood. 21. Bernard's-caftle, Battlefield and Bicclefworth ;
the Thurfday before the 21ft Bromyard. 20. Betley,
Bowling and Olton. 7. Denbigh. 25. Doncafter.
23. Davenet. 2$. Dodley, Dover, Eritru 7. Emlin;
13. Fordin. 21. Fairfax. 2. Huntington. 10. Foul-
nefs. 15. Greenftead. 3. Hardeft. 6. Haverill. 7-Ha-
verford-weft. 6. Heddon. 30. HarfiekL 27. Horfham.
9 and 10. Ingateftone. 25. St. James Northampton,
St. James London, St. James Ipfwich. 17. St. Kelms:
22. Kingflon, Kimbolton, Kefwick and Kidwaliey*
25. Kingftone, Lifle, Kerkham. 6i Lambither, Llamid-
las. 11. Lyiid. 17. Llangvillin, Leek. 25. Louthj
Leverpool, Llandervigan. 20. St. Marg. Midhurft.
22. Maudlin, Hill, Mejenborough. 25 and 2. Molpas;
25. Mochenbeth, Meuhemot. 22. Colchefter. 21. Clean,
Clethero. 20. Catesbury , Cuimmock Colidg. 7. and
27.Chappelfrith. 2i.Billeracay, Bridgenorth and Brough-
ton. 25. Buntingford, Broomfgrove, Brodoack, Brome-
ly, Bofton, Brifbw, Bilfon, Biftower, Barhamfteadj
Baldock. 26. Bewdley. 2 and 3. Congerton. 7; Caring-
ton, Caftlem, Canter. The third Wednefday at Crick-
lade. 25. Shemel, Stockpool and Stamford-ftone. 2<5.Skip-
ton in Cr. 30. Stafford. 7. Trefhevimio and Tenburyj
20. Teuby. 22. Turbury. 25. Thembley-Grey , Til
bury Thrapftone, Thickham and Trowbridge. 26. Ti|S-
tky. 7. Vizes, Uppingham. 20. Uxbridge. 2. Woo-1
burn. 2 and 5. Welnw. n. Wanton. 25. Wilton.
17. Winchcomb. 22. Witheral, Winchefter, Whergrig,
Yadlard and Yarn. 7. Weald. 25. Walden, Wether-
by and Wigmore.

Fairs

A General Account of England. xiii
Fairs in Auguft.
24 At Dover. 15 Dunmow and Dry field. 10 Dif-
feringolwick and Doncafter. 24 Crowdland. 1 Dun-
ftable. 15 and 29 Creby. 15 Cambridge, Cariifle, and
Cardigan. 10 Chodey , Cudlew , and Croley , Lane.
Chepftow. 9 Aberlew. 4Dantry. 10 Alchurch. 24.A-
berconway. !$• St. Albans. 24. Alborough and Afhby
delaZouch. 28 Afhford. 1 Banbury and Bath. 1 and
10 Bedford. 10 and 24 Banbury. 10 Brampton. 6. Bard-
ney. 10. Brainford, Bodwin, and Blackmore. 15. Bol
ton and Blackwell. 29 Caerwis. 24. Beggars-bufti, Brig->
ftock and Bromley. 25. Brecknock. 1. Nortemchurchi
15. Newin. 20. Northmore. 10. Newborough. 15. New
port-More , Northampton and Raiadargway. 24. Nor
wich, Northiderton, Newbury, Nantwich and. Oxford.
io.Oundle. 29. Okingham, Ormskirk. 6. Peterburgh.
IS Prefton, Line. 1. Rumney. 10. Rugby. 1 Selby.
15 Roffe. 1 Selburn and Shrewsbury. 19 Ymouth. The
third Thurfday at Yarmouth. 1 York and Yefand. At
Wakefield the third Thurfday, Weldon-North the firft
Wednefday,Winterbourn the fecond Thurfday.28WeIfh-
pool. 24 and 29. Watford, is Whiteland. 10 Wel-
don, Waltham, Warminfter, Weydon and Winftow.
10 Sedolow and Sherburn. is Stroud* Swanfey and
Stow. 24 Sudbury. 28 Sturbridge, W. 4 Thunderly.
l Thaxfted. 10 Torchefter. 13 Tuxbury. 13 ToIIer-
welme-Downs. 28 Tuddington and Taliftang-Green.
28 Tukesbury. 1 Wadebridge, Wisbich, Newton, Lane.
Newcaftle-outer, Excefter, St. Edes, Feverfham, Flint,
Hornfea, Higworth, Iver in Bucks, Caermarthen, Kare-^
willey , Llanthiffent , Llarwin, Loughborough, Ludford
and Melling. 24 Montgomery and Monmouth. lo Mar-
fas and Melton-Mobray. . 15 Marleborough. 24 London
and Leominfter. 10 Farnham, Forefham, Trodfhami
Chefh. Fulfea, Harleigh, Hatley, Hawkhurft, Hunger
ford, Horn-caftle, Kenwilgal, Kellow and Killgarron. 1 5 E-
glefwisbully and Elefinere. 24 Farrington. 15 Gains
borough, Godhurft, Hinkly and Huntington. 24 Hony-
wood and Kidderminfter. 29 St. Johns Bridge. 15 Lew-
ton. 4 Luton, Ludlow. Fairs in September.
8 At Srreton-Church, Stratfofd-Avbn, Smalding, Stur-
bridgc in Cambridgefhire, Southwark, Snynde, Sneathi
Gisborough, Hatilton, Hartford, Huntington, Athefftone,
Abbington, Bfewood and Beaumaris. 8 and 29. Black-
Burn. 29 Aberforth, Avefconway, St. Albans, Afhburn-
Peak, Hay, Headly, Higworth; 14 Avefgavenny, 2\ Su
Abergwylly, Hemfley and Holden. 14 Hatsbufy, Hidowne
b shw

xiv A General Account of England.
andRofs. 29 Higham Ferries. 17 Stopford. 26 So-
ham. 24,25, and 26 Sudbury. 29 Tuddington, Stdne-
houfe-Green , Selby , Shelford, Stow, Lancaft. Tame,
TorringtOn and Tukesbury. 21 Shrewsbury and Staf
ford. 8 Tenby and Tuxfbrd. 23 Toucefter. 25 In-
gleft-waic. 21 Katherine, Hill and Kingfton, War. 29'Lan-
cafter, Laveinham. 24 Llanvilling. 20 Llanvelly. 17
Llanidleffe. 21 Lledbury. r 8 Lldiffel. 29 Kingfton on
Hull, Kingftand and Kingfton. 21 Knighton. 8 King
ton. 28 Caermarthen. 8 Berry , Lanc.t " 14 Barfly.
2 1 Buckingham, Bedford, Baldock, Bradle, Maid. Brain-
tree Bui wick , Brickinton. 10 and 11. Bafingftoke.
29 Balmftock, Bifhop-Stortford, Bremingham and Buck-
land. 27 Bafingftoke. 8'Utoxiter, Wakefield, Wai-
tham, Weld, Weft-mean, Whitland. 13 Valyle. 21 the
Vjzes. 1 Whitehaven. 7 Ware. 29 Uxbridge, Wye-
hill, Weymer. 7 days Witham, Woodham-ferry. 7 Wood-
bury-hill. ; 29 Leicefter, Llonidlas, Lantharigle, Lochyr,
Ludlow. 8 and 21. Maldon. 14 Moufton. 21. Marie-
borough and Midrial. 24 and 29 Malton, W. 29 Mar-
cherbeth. 8 Northampton. 13 Newton. 14 Newport
and Newborough. 21 Nottingham. 2 Neathyr. 14 Bur-
ford. 1 Capple-Sieve. 29 Burwel, Black-heath. 8 Car
diff, Cardig, and Chatton. 14 Chefterfield. 17 Cliffe.
29 Charlebury > 12 and 29 Canterbury. 21 Croydon
and Chappon. 25 and 26 Cbuntefs Court Fair. 29 Che-
fter, Chichefter, Crifle and Cbckermouth. 21 Crick-
lade. 24 Woodftock. 8 Worfewith and Wool-
pit. 1 1 Wookin. 14 Waltham-Abby , Wibley and
Worton. 29 Wendover. 18 Wallingford. 20 Wea-
thera. 8 Drayton, Dryfield. 29 Newbury. 14 Den
bigh. 4 Okeham. 13 Orlton. 21 Daintry , Dover.
The firft Thurfday at Okehampton. 22 Derby. 28 Dol-
geth. 8 Parthne and Pouthdey. 29 Deeping, Mark.
21 Peterborough and Eafterland. 29 Dean. 14 Pen-
hade. 5 Probus. 2 and 3 Epping. 12 Enfield. 23 Pan-
cridge in Staffordfhire. 8 Reculver. 8 and 13 Rock
ingham. 14 Richmond and Rippon. 8 Greenftreet.
23 Greenfted. Fairs in October.
a At Salisbury. 9 Afhborn-Peak. 6 Havent. 12 A-
Sfe ;8,H(hweLeL ?° Ab"mals. 20 Brighton.
28 ^fhby-de-la-Zouch and ^berconway. 18 Farrinedon.
i9St.FnftVIdinOx. 9-GainsborougJ. 9 and "ffil
thefv 9RVfn(l' l6»Gr^ 23Pr^on. 3IPowI.
thely. 18 Radnor. 23 Ratfdale. 21 Rudiin. ia Rov-
ftan. 8 and 9 Yarmouth, ii York „ \lLtel
28 Warminfter, Warwick, Wilton, ^wm^keT,OxS 26 Whemerly.

A General Account of England. xv
26* Whemerly. 13 Newport in Mon. 18 Nevvcaftle.
21 Newport. 18 Newark. 8 Pontftephen. 13 Draiton.
idDaventre. 13 St. Edmundftone. 18 Ely. 24, 25,
3.6 and 27 Elveft. 6 St. Faiths by Nor. 18 Ewell.
1 and 18 Banbury. 9 Harborough. 8Swanfey. 1 Se-
venock. 9 Sabridgworth. 13 Hitchin and Hedner.
3 Boltonmore. 13 Stow on the wold. 18 Hatfield.
8 Bifhops, Stratford, andBlyth in Not. 18 Henley, Ar-
den, Staunton, $:opford and Holt. 28 Hartford, 1 2
Bolton For . s Bofworth: 1 8 Barnet. 28 Halton.
21 and 3 Stokefly. 28 Stamford, a 8 Kidwelly, Erick-
bill and Bridgnorth. The Thurfday before 18. Bromyard.
2.3 and 28 Komsford, Low. 9 Thorockgrais.. J 8 Bur
ton on Trent. 23 Bricklefworth. 8 and 21 Llamibidier.
23 Tamwordi. 18 Thirsk and Tildale. 25 Beverly.
12 Llangeves; firft Monday and Tuefday Thorn. 18 Tidfc
wel. 28 Bidderu. 13 Leigh ton. 18 To wcefter, Tun-
bridge and Lowhadon. 1 Caftor and Caxton. 5 Chap-
... pel-frith. 21 Loutham. 28 Talham green, Lempfter,
Leaminfter and Llanedy. 8 Chichefter. 10 Clift.
13 Charing. 9theVizes. i8Uphaven. 4. St. Micha
els. 13 Churftone and Colchefter. .6 Maidftone and
Wantage. 4 Weald. 18 Charney. 13 Marfhfieid.-
7 VVorskep. 13 VVindfor. 18 VVellenb'orow, Mar-
low, Charleton, Cliff-Regis, Middleway, Midhurft, VVig-
gan and Wrickley. 22 Wye. 23 and 28 Whitchurch.
21 Coventry. 31 Chelmsford, and the fecond Tuefday
at March. Fairs in November.
1 Kellem, Bricklefworth, Montgomery, Caftlemain,
Fairford, Ludlow, Svvaley. 2 Lughborugh, Blechingjy,
Bifhops -CaftTe, Buckle and Elefmere, Kingflone on
Thames,, Wilton, Maxfield, Mayfield, Leek. 23 Lud
low. 6 Andover. 10 Aberwingreen, LentoninNot.
and Llanibether. 13 Llanithinery. 17 Lincoln. 30 St,
Auftell. 11. Aberkennen. 29 Afhburn-Peak and Law-
reft. 30 Abbington and Ampthill. 6 and 30 Bedford.
6 Brecknock, Mailing, Morton. 13 Monmouth and
Marchenleth. 1 1 Botiughom. 23 Bangor and Bwelch.
30 Maidenhead, Maiden, Bradley, Baldock, Bewdley,
Bofton, Bedford. 6 Newport-Pannel. 28 Carlin,
11 Neweaftle under line. 1 7 Northampton. 13 Chelms
ford. 30 Collinsborough, Newberry, Ofweftry, Peters-i
field, Pecorfes, Prefton, Cobham, Cibley. 1 1 Dover,
20 Dolton. 11,13 and 20 St. Edmundsbury. 6 and 1 1
Pembridge, '2 Pennebout. 30 Enfield, n F°lkingr
ham, io Rugby. 30 Rofs and Rochefter. dSaltord
?nd Stanly. 23 Froom, 19 and 11 fyxfiwge. M and
•"" ' * ' b ? " l?Qw}»

XVI

A General Account of England.
,3 Guilford. 10 Shaftsbury and.Shefhal. 30 Green..
feed 6 Hertford. 1 1 Skipton in Craven. i7/PaW-
dng, Harlow and Hide. ip.Horfham. 22 Swathv,
^'sandwich. 25 Hedon and Higham-Fernes ™ Heakfi.
6 Trieney in Lane. 3oHarIeigh 11 Tream. 25 and
^Sayt. 2oIngerfto„e. 23 Tuddington. 5. We«h-
viool 6 Wetfhod Wellington. 10 Wem. 11 Witn,
& 1 3 Wellington. 3° Wakefield md Wanngtor,.
land n York. 6 Lesford in Lane- 3 Carmarthen,
1 and 2 3 Ludlow. 23 Ketters-crofs. aoKimboIton.
Fairs in September.
4 At Atherftone. 5 Dolgeth, Newtown and Puch,
ley. 6 Arundel, Exeter, St. Edes, Cafed, Grantham,
Heningham, Hethin, Hornfe, Nortwich in Ch. -S'evenock,
Spalding Wellingford and Woodftock. 7 Sandhurlfc
8 Bewmaris, Clithero, Cardigan, Kimar, Leicefter, Mal-
pas, Northampton and Whiteland. 21 Charlbury.
29 Canterbury. 21 Hondbury. 22 Llandilawen. 29 Roy-
fton and Salisbury. 1 1 Northampton. ,
Note. Where you find words ftanding for the begin
ning of a Country, after any Place named ; as Lane, for
Lancafhire, Not. for Nottingham/hire, &c. then the place
is in that Country : And this is to diftinguifh them, there
being more of the fame Name.

An Exatt Catalogue of the .Moveable fairs,
with their exaS Times and Places.
AT Northampton from Chriftmas to June every
Wednefday. Monday after Twelf-day at Bucking
ham. At Hinkly three Mondays after Twelfth-day. At
Melton-Mobray and Salisbury the Tuefday after Twelfth
day for Horfes. The Thurfday after Twelfth-day at
Ranbury and Lutterworth, and for three Weeks every
Thurfday after Litchfield : The Friday after Twelfth-
day at New-caftle-under-Iine. On Shrove-Monday at
Candene. In Glocefterfhire on Afhwednefday ; and th6
lame day at Dunftable, Chichefter, Eaton, Exeter, Fol-
kingham, Litchfield, Royfton , Tamworth, Tunbridge.
On the firft Thurfday in Lent at Banbury. The firft
Monday in Lent at Abbington, Winchefter, Chiche
fter, Cherfey, the firft Tuefday in Lent at Bedford.
At Charlesbury on Michaelmas day, St. Thomas's day,
fecond Friday in Lent. On the third Monday in Lent:
at Stamford for Horfes. On Midlent Sunday at Odinam,
Saffron Walden and Stamford. The Friday and Saturday before

A General Account of England. xvii
before the firft Sunday in Lent at Hamford. The firft
Sunday in Lent at Hexcomb, Grantham, Sudbury and
Salisbury. The Tuefday after Midlent Sunday at Leominfter.
The Monday before Lady-day at Wisbich, Kendale and
Denbigh. Wednefday before Lady-day at Dolton. The
Thurfday before Lady-day at Yarmouth. On St. Mat
thews day at Crickdale.
The Tuefday feven Night before Palm-Sunday. St.
Luke's Day at New-Market. The Wednefday before
Palm-Thurfday at Drayton, and the Thurfday before it
atLandiffel. On Palm Sunday at Leicefter, Newport, Alesbury,
Wisbich, .Skipton and Pomfraft. On the fame at Billinf-
worth, Lancafter, Kendale, Worcefter, Llaundaren.
The Tuefday after at Wakefield.
The Monday before Eafter at Ledbury. Tuefday be
fore Eafter, and St. Barnaby's Day, at Selly.
Monday, Tuefday and Wednefdey before Eafter at
Marfh. The fame Day at Ludlow. The Thurfday be
fore Michaelmas, the Thurfday before Eafter, and the
Thurfday before St. Thomas's Day at Kettering, the
Monday before St. John Baptift at Soham, the Wednef
day in Eafter-week at Mafgate: Monday, Wednefday
and Trmrfday in Eafter-week at Sofings. On St. Peter
and St. Paul at Kidbury;
On the Eve and Feaft of St. Peter and St. Paul at
Bark-ftrange, alfo on the Eve and Feaft of St. Martin.
On the Monday in Eafter-week, and Monday before
St. Thomas's day at Thornbury.
At Cateline and Llanvillan on the Wednefday before
Eafter, and on the Wednefday and Thurfday before at
Wallihgford, Kettering and Sudminfter.
On Good-Friday at Burnhil, Amptil, Brewerton, Cha
ring, Berry, Enfield, Guilford^ Huntington, Hatfield,
Ipfwich, Melian, Lougher, St. Pombs, Risborough and
Roborough. On Eafter-Monday at Onay, Buck, Dryfield and Gans-
borough. On Tuefday at Afhby-de-Ia-Zouch, Daintry
Braleis, Dorcheftor, Oxon. North-ftreet, Hitching,
Roachford and Sambich.
OnEafter-Wednefday at Wellingborough and Beverly.
On Friday in Eafter at Derby, the next Day at Skipton
in Craven, the fecond Monday after Eafter at New-
Molten Monday, Tuefday and Wednefday after Eafter at
gudleigh, and one the Wednefday at Hereford. A?

xviii A General Account of England.
At Lodnefs every Wednefday after Eafter, Mardemas
day. At Ingleftwak Monday before Holy Thurfday.
Buckland, AH Souls Day. Tuefday after Penteaft.
At Bricklefworth, Evefham and New-caftle-under-line
on Monday after Low-Sunday.
At Louth in Lincolnfhire the third Sunday after Ea
fter. At Beverly, Englefield, Larlc. Rech. in Rogation-week.
On Enmore Green the firft Tuefday in every Month.
Green-ftreet on Tuefday before Afcenfion-day. At
Wedley on Afcenfion-day and Thurfday three weeks
after. At Rofs on Afcenfion-day, and the Thurfday after
Trinity-Sunday. On Afcenfion-Eve at Abergelley and Darkin.
On Afcenfion-day at Breadftreet in Kent, Bewmaris,
Bridgend, Brimmingham,Chappel Frith, Burton on Trent,
Ecclefhal, Chappel Kingflow, Eggleftrew, St. Edes, Hal-
laton in Leicefter, Lutterworth, Kidderminfter, Middle-
wich, Newc'aftle, Newbury, Penhole, Rone, Rippon,
Stqpport, Stratford upon Avon, Sudminfter, Yarnwigg
and the Vizes.
At Burlington and Thaxfted the Sunday after Afcenfir
on-Day. '
At Shrewsbury the Wednefday after, and ar*Riithin
the Friday after.
On Whitfun-Eve at New-Inn, Ratfdale," Wisbich,
Skipton in Craven.
On Whit-Sunday at Kirby Stephen, Cribby, Lenham,
Rutfdale, Ryhill and Salisbury.
On Whit-Monday at Bromyard, Kingfton,Dunfter,Sww.
and Grays, Tuefdays and Wednefdays.
At Ormiskirk Monday and Tuefday in Whitfun-week,
and on the Monday at Lambyron, Chipping, Agmond-
fham, Appleby, Amerfom, Bradford, Bricklefworth,
Burton in Lane. Chichelter, Cockerrnouth, Datterington,
Evefham, Exeter, Dryfield, Linton, St.' Ives, Harts
Green, Rigate, Qwndle, Midlome, Sleford, Salford, Sit- •
tingbourn, Witchurch and Stockleer.
On Whit-Tuefday at Caterbury, Afhby-de-la-Zouch,
filefmere, Daintree, Epping, Leighton Buz. Knotsford-
high, Louguir, Lewis, Llanintheuery, Midhurft, Mon
mouth, Melton-Mobray, Oringftock, Rochford, Perith.
Qn the Wednefday in Whitfun-week at Royfton, Sand
Bar, Pont-Stephen, Newark on Trent, Libidon, Llandes-
by and Leek, m

A General Account of England. xix
On Friday at Stow in Guillin, Derby and Cogfhal.
On Trinity-Eve at Skipton in Craven, Rowel and
Pomfraft. On Trinity Sunday at South-haven, Stokely, St. Mary-
Awk, Kemdel, Rowel.
On Trinity Monday at Raleigh, Houndflow, Ruilly,
Creffwell, Waterford Usk, the Vizes, Spillsby and Tun-
bridge. On the Tuefdy after at Radnor and Abergavenny, and
the Wednefday after at Aberfrow.
On the Day of Corpus Chrifti at Sandbury, St. Anns
Bifhop-Stratford, Catewid, Bremicham, Hallaron, Egle-
ftrew, Haleigh, Kidderminifter, Hamftead, Llanwift,
Llmmerchimeth, Newbury, Neath, St. Neots, Newport
in Montgomeryfhire, Stopport, Prefcot and Rofs.
On the Friday after at Coventry and Chepftow.
On the Sunday after at Stamford and Bolton.
The Sunday after the third of July at Haveril, and
the Sunday Fortnight after Midfummer at Fothering
Hay. On the firft Suuday after St. Bartholomews days at
Samphbick and Afhford and the Thurfday before at St.
Michaels at Kettering. The Monday after St. Michaels
at Eafely, St Faithly, Norwich, St. Michaels, and on
the Tuefday after at Salisbury. On the Thurfday at
Banbury, and the Friday before Simon and Tude at
Litchfield, and on the Thurfday before St. Thomas's
Day at Kettering, at Stafford St. Peters Day.

To the Binder.
Note, The Sheet with the Signature S mufi precede <#

The CONTENTS.

T>Arkfhire.
JD Bedford.

Page i
5

Buckingham.
Cambridge.
Chelhirc.

9
IO

Cornwall.

21

Ifles of Scilly, Lundy, and
Man. 23
Cumberland. ' , 29
Additions to Cumberland. j68
Darby. '33
Devon. 37
Dorfet. 41
Durham. 45
Effex* 49
Gloiicefter. 53
Hamfhire. 57
Ifles of Wight, Jerfey,
Guernfey, &c. 61
Hereford. 65
Hertford. 6$
Huntington. 73
Kent. 77
Lancafter. 8 1
Leicefter. 85
Lincoln. 89
Additions to Lincolnlhire. 119
Middlefexi 93
Cities of London and
Weftminften 89
Monmouth.- 96
Norfolk. 129
Northa mpton. 133
Northumberland. 113
Nottingham. 117
Oxford. i2i
Additions to Oxford. 160

Rutland.

125

Shropfhire.

*37

Somerfet.

141'

Surry.

145

Suffex.

149

Stafford.

153

Suffolk.

J57

Warwick.

itti

Weftmorland.

i6j

Wilts.

169

Worcefter.

173

Yorkfhire.

177

Wales.

189

Anglefey.

191

Carnarvan.

193

Denbigh.

195

Flint.

196

Merioneth.

197

Montgomery.

199-

Brecknock.

201

Cardigan.

203

Carmarthen.

204

Glamorgan.

206

Pembrooki

208

Radnor.

211

Lift of the Lords.

213

¦ofthe Commons. 217
-—-Lords ofthe Admiral^
ty. 228
----- Admirals; ibid;
— Commiffioners of the
Navy. ibid;
— Commiffioners for Vi
ctualing. 229
— ¦"¦Officers of the Yards; ibid;
A Lift of the Navy. 230
Great Officers of the
Crown. , 233'

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BARKSHIRE. i
BA %cKis, H I \E, in the Diocefs of Salisbury , in Name and
Latin Barcheria, by the Saxons Berrockcyre, from a Situation.
Ba.Ked Oak called by them Berroc, becaufe the Inhabi
tants were wont to meet in a Wood of .Oaks.
• *Tis Watered on the North by the windings of the Ri
ver lfis, which after it joyns with tbe River of Tbmes fe-
parates it from Oxford/hire c\n&\&nckinehamjhire. On the
Eaft it hath Surry j Ori tht- S juth Bamjhire ; and on the
Weft it 'fcortters with rFiVr/wre arid Gloueefterjhire.
'Tis rich in C'lorh-working, fat Failure, abundance Commodi~
of Cattle, and excellent Artificers, Rivers full of Fifh of ties and.
divers kinds, particularly die River K^ennet, which is Product's.
fam'd for good fronts.
The Ancient and Primitive Inhabitants were named InhM-
Attrebjttii, fuppofed to be of the fame Generation as the unts.
Attrebates of Gaul mentioried by Ccefar. The Air and
Soil is generally very good, the Weftern part, is extra
ordinary Fruitful, particularly in the» Vale of the White- The Vale
Horfe, (o called from the fhape of a Horfe fancied to be of White-
bn the fide ofa Whitifh and Chalkey HHJ ; but the Eaft- Horfe.
fide 4s barren towards Surrey, being fhaded with Woods, Air. and.
Heath and Forrefts. So/7.
It contains in Length from Eaft to Weft about forty Extent.
five Miles, in breadth from North to South twenty five. Number of
La diat Extent are 140 Parifhes, 20 Hundreds,, 12 Mar- Inhabi-
ket-Towns-of Note, and three confiderable Rivers, \)$-unts,Hou-
fides many fmaif Streams and Brooksj arid there" are rcr fes, Ares.
.ckon'dto be about 527000 Acres, near 17000 Dwelling-'
Houfes, and 11 2^00 Inhabitants.: ' v r
It fends to the Parliament Nine Members, from Abing- Burgefs-
ton One, from New-Windfir Two, from Reading Two, Towns. •
from WaUingford Two, beluJf-S the Two Knights of the
Shire. , . . .
The moftremarkable Tqwns are thefe, Farington fa,- varmgton
'mous now'for^jjlentiful and frequented Market, as it7"2'^* '
was formerly for 'a ftrong Caftle built there by Robert market.
Earl of Glouader againft King Stephen. The River Oufe
uaffesby the Town, and reaching^ compafs about runs
near Abington, a confiderable; Market. 'Twas named -by
the Saxon? sbeovefnam or sheouefbam ;fmc£ a famous City *ne"vc"
where die Royal Seat of their Kings usd to be Seat- mam. _
ed, where now is i^z»gw/, '"afterwards it took, tte'XE
¦ Name of Abbandune, from an -Abbey here built by Cijf^~f'
King of the Weft Faxons. It was deftroyed by the Danes, %**"
but afterwards rebuilt, and it iricreas'd in Fame and «€T»
Wealth bythe credit and induftry.qf the Norman Abbots, *¦
who were reckon'd amongft the Barons ofthe Kingdom,
and call'd to Parliament by the King's Writ. T*s now-
B" ' noted

2 BARKSHIRE.
1 noted for plenty of good Mault, which is "tonveyed down
the River tq London, and for a beautiful Grots, that wis
here erected in the Market-place.'Trs alfo aMayorTowtt,
and is dignified with the Honour of an Earldom, be
longing to the Illuftrious Family of theiBS^jrt'
Leigh. On the North' Weft fide of the Town ftaWds Leigh,tt>
called from a Knight Sirnamed de Leigh, which by Mar
riage fell to the Befiles, and then ftiled Be files Ltigh,mi.
afterwards by the Females in time it came to the Family
of Fetiplace, whofer Founder Thomas was' Matcht with
Beatrix a Natural Daughter of John King of PortUgk),
from Whom this -worthy Family is defcended.
On the South-fide of 'T Abington is a fmall Stream calli-
ed Och, riling about a Mile from Kingston.
Lille. jjfle, anciently the Poffeffion of WUrrin de InfttU a No
ble Baron from whom Iffued by the Mother's fide John
Talbot, a Son of that famous Captain the Earl of Shrem-
lury, who Was Created firft Baron Lifle, and afterwards
Vifcoiint Lifle. That Title Aill continties in his Pbfteri-
t'y, tho' not in his. Name,
Pufey. Af fome diftance from Abington is Pufey, ¦ in the PoffeP-
fion of a Family of that Sirname that held it by a Horn
givento them by King Canutut the Dane. The River Ock ,
Dench- Tttns between that tod the tW6 Denchw'onhs, the North
worths. "an<i the Sbuth , Whtre two1 confiderablte Families have
Hide and lotiglo'uVifh'd, ' Hidestii Fetiplace, theyfeem toberela-
Fetiplace; teft becaufe they bear the fame Coat of Arms.
Wantage Wdfttage is a Neighbouring Town and Market, once a
Saturdays Royal Seat, and dig, Birth-place of King Alfred, after-
Mariit. -> wards given to Fitfk Fit^arrin for liis Valour, butftnce
K.Alfred. Enjoyed by the ^ouchiers late Earls of Bdth, defcended
Bouchiers front the race of ^aerfit\-lmarrms.
Fitz War- As Xpon as the Oufe or Ifis joyns v/ith Thame, it runs
rin. by a high and remarkable Hill called Sinodun, where the
Remains of a ;S0ian Camp appear as at Wdtibtta m the
Sinodun. -Eaftpart of the Country arid in feveral "other places;
for PiScA of ijtfwi*' Coyn have been ofteh dig'd up
! there. Prom hence die Thapes runs by the Ancient Town
Walling, ot WaBingfor'd,once the chief City of the Attrebatii, (ten
ford. 'uanie'd GaUeM AttrebaVum , in Britim GmllSen the old
.Market on "Fort, from whence by the addition of Ford is fornfd
Tuefday Walliilgfori, or GuallengafoYd, 'Twasthen large and po-
andFriday,-pu\ous, having twelve Churches, but fince very much
decayed and leflen'd to two.
Hunger- Hungerford, a Market-Town belonging to a Conftable
ford. Annually Chofen1, nvho is Lord of it, and holds itimmi!:-
Market on diately of the King. They have here a great Horn cofi-1
Wednefady taining a Quart, given to them by John aiiitimt as they pre-;

BARKSHIRE. $
pretend. It gives name to an ancient family , and is
noted for Crawftfh.
, In this County is Newbery,'> a large Town, memorable Newbery
for $tck of Newbery, A Clothier of great Repute in the Thurfdays
^tme of H. 8. and two Bloody Encounters between the Market.
Army of King Ch&les the Firft and that of his Parlia
ment. This Town had its Rife from the Ruines ofthe
ancient Spina, now a fmall Village. .
Nearto it ftands die Ruins of jSeif?j/»^t^-Ca'ftle,where Denning-
1 -feoffery Chaucer made, his Abode, and at a. 'fhiall diftance tonCaftle.
grew an Oak call'd Chaucer's Oak, where 'tis faid he com
pos 'd his Poems. The IQmet Riyer rims from hence by
Aldermajlon an Ancient Seat given by Hfflry die Firft to Alderma-
Rpb.Achdrd, from, whole Pofterity it came by the de /afton.
Mares in Marriage to the Knightly Family of the Foflers.
From hence the JK^enet having" taken ia the little River
Lanibiorn^ pques into the Thames- near Reading a famous Reading.
Town for Clothing, where flood a ftxong Cattle , into Market on
which the Banes fled after their Defeat by, King Ethel- Saturday.
wolph at inglefield. Hubba their General was kill'd, and Inglefield
their Chief Standard wherein a Raven was Painted, was
taken. Here was born Archbifhop Laud, and here flou-
rifli'd a famous Abbey, whereof the Abbot was a Baron,
and had right of Sitting in Parliament. Not far from Rea
ding is a Village call'd Sumiing,once an Epifcopal See, that Sunning.
was removec(to Sherbour'n^aad from thence to Salisbury.
The Thames after many Windings comes to Windfor a Windfor.
pleafant and magnificent Carrie belonging to the Kings Saturdays
of inghmd, where Eiwvd the Th|rd was born, where Market.
jfofo King offers, and DavidKiagof 'Scots Were kept
Prribners, and where the moft Noble Order of the Gar
ter was Jnftituted by the fame Edward the Third, oecafi-
oned as it is faid by taking up a Garter in a Dance,
which dropt from the Cbuntefs of Salisbury a beautiful
¦ Lady, For that caufe die Knights of that Order wear The Order
on their left Leg a little below the Knee a Blew Garter, of the
paving in Letters of Gold. this'Motto, Honi fint aui mal y Garter.
penfe ; apd faftned with a Buckle of Gold. The King is
Sovereign of this Order, and it is to coofift of twenty
fi* Knights, and is of that fame and effeem that the great-
eft Princes of Europe have Judg'd it an Honour to be
admitted of the Number. On the Left-fide ofthe Chap-
pel are the Houfes of the Dean apd twelve Prebends. £>n
the right-fide is an Hqfpital for Twelve aged Soldiers,
Qpntiemen born , who wear Scarlet Gowns, and are
bound to attend at Prayers, and offer up their Devpttons
for the Knights of that Order.
Wmd&r has been the Burying place of fome ot our
" . B 2 Kin§5'

4 BARKS HIRE.
Kings, particularly of King Charles the Firft, who was
Interred here by the Regicides. His Son King Charles the ,
Second very much adorn'd and' beautified this Royal
Palace. Under the Cattle ftands the Town of Windfor,
and at fome diftance is to be feen a Village named Old
Windfor. On the other fide. of the Thames near a' Bridge
Eaton- is Eaton-CoWege, Founded by King Henry the Sixth, for
CoUedge. a Proyoft, Eight Fellows, and the Choir, Sixty Scho^
i lars who are there Educated, and from thence advanc'd
and provided for at Hang's College in Cambridge.
Ocking- South-weft from Windfor ftands Ockingham, a Market-
ham. Town, wliere'Cloth is made ; round about is' the Foreft
of Windfor, a barren Soil but full of Royal Game.
Markets , Befides the forementioned Towns there are feveral
' onWednef- Markets at Maidenhead, at Lamlorn, Ea$t Ilfley, and other
days. large Villages.
Several of our Nobility and Gentry ^iave beautiful
¦ The Pala- Houfes in this County, The Earl of Craven near New
ces. ¦ bery. The Earl of Clarendon at SwaUowfield. The Lord
Lovelace (now Sir Henry ifohnfon's) at Hurley. The right
Honourable the Earl of Sterling, the Lord Norris, Sir
i John Stonehoufe, Sir Thomas Draper, and Sir Robert Pj^andy
feveral other Gentlemen have fine Seats in this County;
The Fairs. The Chief Fairs in this County are, Fe£.- 2. at Faring-
ton, and Reading -Febr. 24. at Henly upon Thames the
5. of1 April, at WaUingford die firft of Mai, at Reading}
at Maidenhead Whitfon- W'ednefday,i - ' --•»? at Ockingham,
24 of June at Reading, 22. July at W?denbeaA, 25. July
at Abington and Reading, 1 o. Aug. at tiungei '^ri^^.Aug.
ztjarington, 30. Sept. at Newbery, 18. Qttob.'zX. String-
ton, &c. ' ' i
This' County gave the Tide cf an Eaa to Fra:-cis
.^Norris, Created Mm 1620, but he dying without IfuieJ
male this HoriOur was confer'd upon Thomas Howard Vif-
count Andoyer, whofe Relations are now Earls of
Barkjtiife.'
Rarities. In this County grow Naturally feveral ufeful Simply,
as Myrtus Sribavtica, the Dutch Myrtle, OrcLis Galea,thc
Plants. Monarchies, Polygonum. Vulgare , vulgo Sig-'Jum Stii--
monis, Solomon's Seal, Vuhnonan.i G Mca, fed Aurea, An-
guftifolia, Narruwieavtd Golden Lungwort.
Lord Lieu- The PiMent Loid Lieutenant of this County i<? the- "
tenant. Right Honourable l/e;;ry Duke cf Norfolk,**, kithaUa '
a Junfdiction ail -Her i^WA-r Foreft.' - ;'
Ttxes In the Aid I granted to the- 1- ing- of Two ShiilLigs in
- the Pound, this County paya 29527 /. o s.. $d. ¦
B £D-

BEDFORDSHIRE. 5
BE D FO R^DS HI R^E, fo named from its chief
Town, was by die ancient Brhoins called Lifwi-
der, ot Lettidur, from Lettuy Inns, and Dur a Ford or ne ro'
River, Bedford, or Beds or Lodgings at a Ford, fignifies '
die fame. <
'Tis inclos'd upon the Eaft and Southfide, with Cam- Situation
bridgjhire ; on the Weft with Buckinghamjhire and Hart-
fordfiire ; and on the North With Northamptonshire and
, Humingtonflaire. 'Tis a very pleafant and rich inland County, abound- Commodi-
ingin Cattle, Deer, Fowl, Corn,' fat Paftures, Forefts, ties and '
Timber and Parks. It contains' many ' Plains, fruitful Product.
Vallies, and Eminencies gradually riling, and is fam'd
for bearing the beft Barley in England.
' The firft Inhabitants were by the Romans named The Ma-
Cattieuchlani. A numerous People who poflefled this bents'.
and fome other Neighbouring Counties, but were after
wards overcome and driven away by the Saxons, who
made this County part of the Kingdom of Met da du
ring the Heptarchy. Now it belongs to the Djpcefs of
Lincoln. 'Tis water'd by feveral Streams ; die moft remarkable .
are the Oufe that divides the whole County into North Rlvers-
.and South, winding through it with divers Meanders,
and the Juel that joins with the Oufe' near Temp >sf 'or d\
where a Camp and Caftle of the Danes yet appear.
The Air is very good, temperate and pleafant ; the-., .
Soil fruitful, particularly the North fide, which is like- . 'fr.
wife fhaded by many thick 'Woods. The South is for am ¦ 01f
the moft part more open, containing many fpacious
Fields, that yield to the Husbandman's induftry plenti
ful Crops of Corn.
Itftretches out in length about 24 Miles, it has about Extent
14 in breadth, 'and contains 9 Hundreds, wherein are ^ '
116 Pafifhes," 9 or 10 Market-Towns; and is faid to ^ V g.
have 260000 Acres, i2i7oDwelIing-Houfes, and about Nu^f ae
67350 Inhabitants. - It fends but Four Members to Par- j^^. J
liament; the Two Knights of the Shire, arid the Two ums%
• Burgeffes of -Bedford Town. •'
" The Chief Towns in this Populous County worthy of j^e q^c
out Notice,' are, Bedford, ¦BigleJ-wade, Sheffard, Iehhion,-tOV}KSJ \
; Luton, Dunft able, Potton,Wobum, Ampthill; and iuddirgum.
\ ' Bedford is an ancient and populous Town, fuppol.'d by
fome to be the Laltodurum of -the Romans, divided into Bedford.
two parts by rhe River Oufe, but joined into one by a
fair Stotfe B.-idg-.': Having Five Parifh-Churches, Two
on tto South", -'find Three on: the North fide. ; Both 'arts
Govern 'd bv die-feme Magiftrates, namely, a' Mayor;
¦ " Two

6 BEDFORDSHIRE.
Two Bailiffs, CSV. But they have Two Markets, the
Tuefday South fide lias a great one, chiefly for Cattle, every
and Sitat- Tuefday; the North principally for Corn on Saturday.
day Mar- St. Paul's is the chief Church, which before the Con
fer days, queft and fince ; before the Building of Newborn- Abby,
Boron Founded by Simon de BeUo Campo and his Mother Roifia,
Beau- was a College of Prebendaries. Here was-a ftrqng CaT
Champ, ftle built by this Beamhamp, a Norman Baron ; which
, made it always to be a feat of War, in all the Civil Wars
between King Stephen arid Maud the Emprefs ; and in the
Barons Wars. King Henry the Hid. demolifhed it;
There is now a fair Bowling-Green where the Caftle
ftood. Not far from Bedford flood a Chappel where the
famous Cjja, King of the Mercians was Interred ; and .
at Elftow a Nunnery Erected by Judith^, the Wife of
Waltheoff, Earl of Huntington.
As the Oufe enters the County, it runs by Irury or
Turuye. Turuye, an ancient Seat of the Baron Mordants, now in
the poffellion of the Heirefs of Peterborough, ^nd about
Harwood. TwoMiles diftanceitpaffesby.«?reij>aoi; where a Nun
nery was Built by Sampfon, firnamed the Strong; and
where it is remarkable that the River twice divided and
open'd the paffage of Three Miles together to go over on
Foot, firft in the year 1 399 before the Civil Wars, and
in the year 1648 before the Murther of King Charles.
Wopd- The River vifits next Wooihill, anciently Wahul, and
hill. Bletfo, remarkable places of the Nobility in former days.
After the River Oufe has divided Bedford, it vifits Eaton,
Eaton. where the ruins of the ojd Caftle belonging to the Beau-
chomps, did lately appear;
\ve\River. On the Eaft fide of the River Jvell are Two Market
Potton. Towns, Poiton and Biglefwade, noted for a great Horfe:
Biglef- Fair, and a Stone Bridge. Qn the fame River ftands
wade. Shefford, a fmall Market-Town. And in.. the heart of
Saturday the County, in an eminent place, is Ampthil, a Royal
Market. Seat, with an Honour and Parks belonging to it, firft
Wednef- Built by Sir John Cornwole Baron of Fanhop , in the Reign
day. of Henry the \hh. out of the French Spoils. It was gi-
Market, ven afterwards to the Family of the Grtys, but King
Shefford. Henry annex'd it to the Crown, and King Charles be&ovi-
Fridays ed this Honour on the Earl of Elgin, created by him
Market. Earl of Ailesbury in the year 1664. Tmesfordvizsthe
Handing Camp and a Caftle of the Danes. A little to
Wobum the North is Houton-Conqueit, a fine %at, where a Fa-
Friday mily of that Name flourifiYd informer days, and where
Market are two common Fields that bear the Name of Danes
day. Fields, Towards the Weft is Wobum, remarkable for
excellent Fullers-Earth taken up there.
On

BEDFORDSHIRE. 7
On the South Borders of the County ftands DunflobU, Dunftable
fuppofed to be the Magiovinium of the Romans ; a confi
derable Town upon a Chalky Hill ; fo named as fomeWednef-
report from one Dun a- famous Robber, who reforted day, Mar-
here with his Party. It has Four Streets anfwering the ket day.
four Quarters of the World •, and as many Ponds that
are foppj'red with Ram-Water and never dry. In this
Town flood a Crofs or Pillar, bearing the Arms of Eng*
land, Caftile and Pomieu, adorned with Images, Erected
by Edwiird die Firft, in Honour of his Beloved Queen
Eleanor. On the Weft of Dunftable, is Leighton, or Leyton, a Leyton.
fmall Town ; near to it are the figns of a Roman Camp ; Tuefday
as likeWife at Sandye flood the Saleno of the Romans, Market
where Urns have been digg'd out of the Ground, and days.
Roman Coin has been found. And at Chefterfieli feveral Sandye.
pieces-of Roman Money were taken up in the Year 1670. Chefter-
which were font to the Univerfity of Oxford. field.
On the Borders of Hanfordjhire is another fmall Market Tudding- ¦
Town named Luton. ton Mar-
This County being a very rich Soil, and in die heart ket on Sa-
of the Country, has been the Seat of War in all publick turday.
Commotions, A great Battel happened in the year 572. Luton.
near Bedford, called by the Saxons, Bedanford, between Munday
Cit&ioulph the Saxon General, and the Britain s; wherein Market
the firft obtained a notable Victory. Afterwards here day.
were divers Encounters, Sieges, and Fights, between Battels,
King Stephen's Party and Maud's ; and between the Ba
rons and the Kings of England.
SetffWwas firft a Barony, granted to the Beau<hamp\
afterwards an Earldom given to Engelram dt Coucy, by
Edward the Hid. next ereaed into a Dukedom by Henry
the Vth. in favour of John PlaKagenet, Third Son of
Henry the IVth. Lord Admiral, Conftable, and Regent
of France. After him George Nevil, a Youth, was
made Duke of Bedford, by Edward the IVth. and by him
foon after Degraded by Aci of Parliament. But Henry
the Vllth. beftowed this Title upon Jafper de Hatefield
his Grandfather ; who died without Iffue. Edward the
Vlth. made John Ruffel of Taviftock, Lord Prefidentand
Lord Admiral, Earl of Bedford; and bis prefent Majefty
has lately- reftored it to the Title of a Dukedom in the
-Peffonof WiUiam Ruffel, late Duke of Bedford.
In this County is a pleafant Town named Dean, no
ted for the Birth of Francis Dillingham, a Perfon of great
Learning ; as Leyton-Bwriord is for Williom Sclater, and
Dtinjiabk for John, firnamed Dunftoble, who was Born
there. The

8 BEDFORDSHIRE.
Palaces. The Chief Palaces are Wobum- Abbey, that belongs to
the moft Honourable Family of the Ruffel's: 'Twas
lately poffeffed by his Grace William, created Duke of
Bedford, by his prefent Majefty. Wreftboufe and Harwood
appertain to the Earl .of %ent. Bletfo and Melchbom to
the Earl of Bullingbrook. Purvey to the Family of Peter
borough. AmpthiU an&ClophiU, are the Seats of the Earl
of Ailesbury. Hawnes belongs to thelxitdCarteret. Here
are feveral other fair and beautiful Structures.
v^ The principal Fairs in this County are held the 4th of.
' March at Bedford ; the 12th atWoburn ; the 23d of April
at AmpthiU; the 2d of, May at Elftow; the nth at
Dun ft able; the 10th at OdehiU, otWoodhiU; die 24th of
June at Bedford; 2d of July at Wobum ; zjihatBaldock:
Hi of Auguil at. Bedfordand Dunftable: 14th of Septem
ber at Chefterfield ; 2d at Baldock and Bedford : 6th of
November ' at Bedford ; the 30th at AmpthiU, Baldock and
Bedford; Ajhwednefday at Dunftable; Wts\ Tuefday in lew*
at Bedford ; Goodfridoy a t AmpthiU, &c.
Rarities. In this County a fmall Stream at ^/p/ynear Wobumis
very remarkable for having a Petrifying quality ; for it
is faid to turn Wood into Stone; and not only the Wa
ter is reported to have that Vertue, but the Banks and
Earth near adjoining ; infomuch that a Ladder having
been fometimes buried under ground, was taken up har-
den'd into Stone. Likewjfe divers rare Plants are grow-
Phnts. ing here, as CaryophjUm Minor, Repens noftras, and Bstt-
nico Coronaria five CariophiUato, repens rubra ; creeping
wild Pink on Sandy Hills ; GentianeUa Fugax AutumnalU
elatior ; The taller Autumnal Gentian with Centory-
like Leaves on Barton Hills; upon Chalky-Hills near
Dunftable, Glaffum Satinum, or Wood grows very well in
this County, it was named by the Romans, Vitrum. 'Tis .
Sown in March andrCropt in May ; and at odier times of
the year the beft Wood is worth 18/. per Twin. ¦ Here up
on Barton Hills, grows Gloux Diofcorides, Diofcorides his
Milk-Tare and Melampyrum chryftatum, Crefted Cow
Wheat, and Ribes Nigrum, Black Currans, Squinancy,
Berries near the River Oufe at Blunbam.
Ike lord ' The Lord Lieutenant of this County, was his Grace,
Lieutenant WiUiam Duke of Bedford; a Perfon as famous for his
Piety and Vertues, as for his ancient Nobility.
Religious Houfes now laid Level witl» their Foundati
on, were at Bedford, Dunftable, Harwood, Wobum, War
den, Heflenftow, Chickfend, Newham, Bujhmeai*
BVCKz

BUCKINGHAMSHIRE. 9
BVCT^INGHAMSHIRM, isan inlandCoun- Situation.
ty, divided on the South from Barkfbire, by the Ri
ver Thames, on the Weft it borders upon Oxfordjhire, on
the North upon Nonhamptonflnre, on the Eaft it hath
Bedfordshire, Hertfordjhire, and part df Middlefex. The Nam-.
name is derived from Buc, a Deer, becaufe of the many
Chafes where they were harboured, or from Bucker, a
Saxon word, for a Beech-Tree, becaufe the Ground is fha-
ded with that fort of Trees more than others. The Soil Se'rt-
is fruitful, bodi the Hill call'd by the Saxons, Cilt.ern, and
and now Chiltem; and the Vale; the latter lies to
wards the North, the former ftretches to the South
and Eaft, being for die moft part Chalky, from which
•it borrowedi the name of Chiltern , for Cilt or Chili ; figni-
fits in Saxon, Chalk. Nevertheless it is full of Woods, of
Beech-Trees, and was much more before Leofton, Abbot
of 'St Albans, caufedthem to be cut down and rooted up,
becaufe they Were a harbour for Robbers'. It abounds Fru-tf
in Corn-Paftures, large Cattle and numerous Flocks of / *
Sheep, and has in it divers fpacious Forrefts, and Chaces. ne^s'
Tis divided into 8 Hundreds the Names appear in the
, Map. It contains i 8 5 Parifhes. The ancient Inhabi
tants, as it is con jeftured, were the Cafii or Cottieu chlani Dlvifion.
mentioned by the Raman Authors, but after the Saxon
Conqueft it made a part of the Kingdom of Mercia. In
Length from North to South it isreckon'd 40 miles, in
Breadthfrom Eaft to Weft 18, in which Extent it con-* , ,. ^
tains about 441000 Acres, near 18390 Houfes, anda-
bout 1 1 1340 Souls, and there are 15 Market ToWns, rms'
whereof fix have Privilege to fend Members to Parlia
ment, fo that Twelve come Out of "this County, befides Mfimbers
the Knights of the Shire. The chief Towns are Buck1 °f Parlia-.
tngbam, that gives name to the County, 44 miles from menu
London. It ftands in a low Ground in the North- Weft Bucking-
part ofthe County on the North fide ofthe River Vfa or ham.
Oufe, formerly If a, thatrifes not far from hence in, Nor- Market
ihamptonjhire. It was once wall'd in, afld had a ftrong Saturday.
Caftle built A. D. 9 1 3 by Edward the Elder to put a flop
to the Invafion ofthe Danes ; the ruins yet appear. Over
the River are three fair ftone Bridges, and this Town is
noted for the Titles of Honour conferred on feveral noble The Ho"
Perfonages; The firft was Walter ^mamed Gifford, a fa- now.
inous Norman fori to Osbern de. Bolebic ; we find him upon
Record ftil'd Earl of Buckingham ; But that family being
extinct, the Honour came' to Richard Strangebow Earl of
Pembroke in the Reign of Henry the 2d. Richard the 2d.
bellowed it afterwards uponhis Uncle Thomas of Woodftock
from his Daughter- married to Edmond tit\ of Stafford,
C pro-

10 BUCKINGHAMSHIRE.
proceeded Humfrey Earl of Stafford, created Duke <)f
B'uckinglum, by Henry the 6th. His Grandfbn Henry promo
ted Richardthe 3<i. to the Throne; hut rifing againft him
upon fome diftafte he was beheaded, hjs. fon Ed
ward was reftor'd to Honour and Eftate by Henry the Jth
but was beheaded by Henry the 8th. and the malicious
Contrivanceof Cardinal Wolfey. Afterwards - George Vil-
lers, Viftount Vi/Iersv/as created Duke of Buckingham, bv
King James the iff. but being ftab'd by Felton at Ports
mouth was fucceeded by the late deceafed Duke, his Son
, and Heir. v
Ailesbury The next confiderable Town is Ailesbury, in the mid-
Mdrket v die of the County upon the riling ofa Hill watered by the
Saturday. Thames, but incompafled by a fruitful Vale called the Vale
of Ailesbury, and a number of pleafant Meadows. It was
taken from the Britain s A. D. 5 7 1 by Cmhwolph the Saxon,
and honoured with the Birth of St. ^Aidith a fhe-Saint
of thofe Ages that renouned for in monkifh San'ftity.
'Tis a well built Town much adorned by a former Lord
Chief Juftice of England called Baldwin. King Charla
II. gave the Title pf Earl of Ailsbury to Robert Bruce*
Barim of Kinlos, Earl of Elgin in Scotland, and Lord
Whorlton in Torkjbire. He was created by the King Baron
of Skelton, Vifcount Bruce of Ampthil, and Earl of Ailer-.
¦bury 1664. As the Thames winds about the Chiltem
§Hills it paffes" by a pleafant Town call'd Marlow, from
- a chalky-Clay named Marie, with which the Husband-
1 men there enrich their Grounds and thereby receiye a
more plentiful Crop of Corn.
At a little diftance.from this Town is High Wickham,
or Wicomb, another very beautiful and large Burrow-
Town, go vern'd by a Mayor : Before the diffolution there
was an Hofpital dedicated to St. John the Baptist, and'
certain .Rents belonging to a Brother-hopd of thebleffed
Virgin, all which were given by Queen Elizabeth to the
Corporation for the incouragement of a Grammar-
School, and the maintenance of certain Almes-People.
On the North fide1 of Wicomb is the highe-ft Hill of this
C ounty that bears yet the Britifb name of Pen. Not far
from thence ftands Bradenbam, a delightful and healthy
Seat, built by WiUiom'LotdWindfor.
V/hen the Thames' has paft by Eaton and Windfor it
receives idle River Coin, or Cole, which parts this County
•frorn Middlefex, arid "runs into it near Colebrook. Here
are many fmall Iflands into which the Dines fled from
the pnrfuit of King Alfred in the'year 894-and defended'
tfcmglvesfpr.a while": by the natural Situation of the
.place. A little higher Hands" Euer or ~Jure, a little
Village

Marlow MarketSaturday.Wicomb Market
Friday.

Penhil.
Bra den-
ham.
Cole- brook. Market
Wednef
day.

BUCKINGHAMSHIRE. lx
Village anciently noted for the Lords to whom it be- Euer.
long'd, but took its Name from Roger de Ivery, who
came in with the Conqueft. Not far from thence is
Stokepogeis which was poffeffed by the Molhis, after
wards by the Hungerfords, and by marriage it came to
Edward Lord Hajfings and Hungerford. In the Parifh-
Church lies interr'd George and Ann die firft Earl and
Countefs of Huntington, whofe Children after them e-
refted an Hofpital, and a ftately Manfion-Houfe. Near
to this place is Famhom, held of the Crown by the Ba- Farnham.
rons Furnival, by this fervice, That on the Coronation-
Day they were to provide a Glove for the Kings right
Hand, and to fiipport his,left Hand as long as he held Amer-
the Scepter. In this Vale Amerflnm, is remarkable for fham.
havingbeen the abode of fome ofthe moft honourable Fa
mily of die Ruffels, Earls of Bedford: now Che in e is is the . .
Seat of the prefent Duke of Bedford, whofe Vertues as Cnemeis.
well as Wealth have raifed him to the Higheft degree of
Honour and Efteem . Here is alfo Latimer, anciently be-' Latimer.
longing to 'the Barons Latimer, but now to his Grace'
William Cdaendijh, Duke of Devonfliire, I mu ft n ot forget
Tangley hear the Rode where is a beautiful Church, and Langley,
a Seat Of a Gentleman of the Family of the Seymours. A-
tnongft the Chiltern Hills is Hamiev, where a good Fa- Hamden.
mily of that name has long flourifhed, and Afieridg for- Afheridg.
merly a houfe of pleafure ofthe Kings of England,- af
terwards a Monaftery of religious Men called Bonhommes,
brought into this Nation by Edmund Earl of Comwal,
the ton of J&b&rd King ofthe Romans; they wore a sky
coloured Habit as the Hermits.
In this Gounty are not many noted Woods, unlefs Bern-
wood given to Nigel of Boreftal, fo called from a great Bern-
Borethathe kill'd, for which he had one hide of Arable H°od.
land given him, where he built a Manfion-Houfe and
named it Boreftal. In Bernwood was a Royal Village of •
Edward the Confeflbr, called Bnri-HiU or in fhort Brill. £"' ;
And near it ftands Edbury or Edburton> which W. iUiam the c"D"™n-
Coi'querour granted upon condition that the Owners
mould find litter and ftraw for the Kings Bed, fweet
Herbs for his Clumber, and two green Geefe if he came
there in Summer, and three Eels as often as he fhpuld vi-
fit that place in Winter.
The Vale of Ailesbury is fo extraordinary fruitful, that
one Pafliire belonging to St. Robert lee, Baronet, in the
manner of Qverendon, is rented for HqoI. per annum.
Following the ftream ofthe River Thames vie meet with
Cherdsley, called by the Saxons Cerdicflega where Cerdicim Cherdlley
had a fharp engagement with the Britains. Nigh to
this place is Cre'dendon or Crtndon, which was the Seat ot Crendon.
**¦ C 2 the

BolebeC,
Afcot.
'Pallaces.

Fairs.

12 BUCKINGHAMSHIRE.
the Honour of Gifford unto which a great Eftate former
ly belonged. ^ Walter Gifford was made Earl of-Bucking-
barn, he founded the Monaftery of Notefle?, and his Coi
fin Hugh de Bolebec, from whom by a female are defcen
ded theEarls of Oxford, built the Caftle of Bolebec-.- The
Ruins yet appear in the Parilh of Whitchurch.' Near to
it is Afcot where js the chief Seat of the worfhipful Fam'w
ly ofthe Dormers., The other' chief Pallaces of the Nobi
lity are at Cheineis, the Duke of Bedford's ; at Latimer, the
T)nke of Devonfhite's; Ajheridg,the Earl of Bridgwater's ;
Wing and Ethrop, the Earl' of Carnarvon's ; QUarendoti, the
Earl of Lichfield's ; Wobourn ,' and Overwinchendoh, the
Lord W, barton's ; Bulftrode, the Lord Jeffrey's ; Abfalom's
PiUar, lately the Duke of Buckingham's, &c, '
The chief Fairs are 20 of March at Ailesbury, the 2$
at Onoy, 23 April, at Ampthil; 25 at Buckingham, Cole-
brook, Ivingo, 3 June at Ailesbury, 28 at Buckingham,
21 July at Stony-Stratford, 17 September at Wendover, 18
oBober at Marlow upon Thames, and Wigham. Shrove-
Monday at Eaton, Palmfunday-Eve at Ailesbury, (Joodfri-,
day at Ampthil, Monday iniEafitir-WeekatOnay, &c.
This County pays in the Land-Tax of two Shillings
in the Pound this Year, 23830/. 8 s. ad.
The other Market-Towns are , Newport, Risborougbt
Oulney, Agrfrondejham, Chejham, Winflow, Wendover, &
confield, Ivingo. '
It fends to Parliament fourteen Members ; Ailesbury 2,
Amerjham 2, Buckingham 2,'Chippen-Wickham'i, Marlow 2',
Wendover 2, befides two Knights of the Shire.
Here were born Sir George Crook, an eminent Lawyer,
at Chilton; John Amerjham, ztAgmondeJbam; Roger Wen
dover, a famous Hiftorian of Henry III. at Wendover ;'
Roger Goad, at Hotiton ; and other ancient and modern
Men of great Fame' and Learning.
The Battles between the Briuins and the Romans and
their Succeffdurs the Saxons, have been1 many in this
County. About Ailesbury, Aulus Plautius obtain'd a
remarkable Viftory over the Britains, and at Stony-Strat
ford he fettled a Colony of Romans, calling it Latlodurum. '
And between the Saxons and Danes happen'd a bloody
Ingagement. Likewife in our late civil Wars divers en
counters were in this County between the forces of King
and Parliamentwho kept Garrifons in divers ofthe chief
Towns. Several Plants are in this County, the Spondylitic.
montonumminm Anguftifolium tenuiter laciniatum, grow-
Srfef fpf S^eft^^^1"^31316' y™ "iay C°nfU^
CA-Jt

Newport.
MarketSaturday.Risbo-
rough. SaturdayOulney.Mundoy. Agmon-
defham.Tuefday.
Chefham.Wednefday Winflow.Wendo
ver.Beacon-
field. Thurfday.Ivingo.
Friday*

CAMBRIDGSHIRE. I?
C* A MB XI DG SHIRE, named by the Saxons, Name and
/ Grentbriggfcyr, Or Grantubrkgfcyr, is inclos'd on Situation.
the Eaft with Norfolk andKSuffolk, on the South with Ef-
fex and Hertfordshire, on the Weft With Bedfofdjlrire and
Huntingtonfnire, and on the North with Lincolnjhire.
The Country is generally plain and open, having but
few Hills and Woods. It abounds in Corn of- all forts,
chiefly Barley that has the reputation of being very r
good. It breeds large Cartel, particularly in the ifle Lmnof'
of Ely, and- in the Fen Country, and yields plenty of - „ s f i
lifh, Fowl, Saffron and other Commodities. Frodutt.
The Ancient Inhabitants were call'd Iceni, a confix r , ,¦
derable and Valiant Tribe of the Britoins, otherwife JJ""lb''
nam'd as fome fancy Cenimagni, who fubmitted to the u
Romans at their firft Landing. But at the Death of ¦>
t})eir King Fratufagm, he having appointed Cafar- his
Executor ,' thinking thereby to fecure his Eftate to his
Wife and Children, they were provoked to rife up in
Armes to revenge the Injuries done to their Nobility,
to their Queen Bbdicia and her Daughters. In a Battel
they flew 80000 Romans; This County in the Saxon
divifion was part of the Eaft Angles, and is now be
longing to the Bifhoprick of Ely.
Several Streams arid fmall Rivulets water this County, Rhr-,.
the principal is the little Oufe River that runs' from Weft
to Eaft;croffes the Country, arid divides it into two
Parts and joyns with the Sea 'at Lynn. The WeUand
the Glene,'theWitkam,-theGraritJ, the Cam River and
the River Neen deferve to be inention-'d. TheAirand
Soil is generally-very good and much improv'd by drain
ing the Fens and fowing &nn$w7 ; A-Grafs brought from ¦•--
the Holy-land bythe Fren^-'vihich does wonderfully -en- *
rjch the Dry andBarren Grounds.The North part is Fen
ny inclinable to Agues, and has divers large Lakes or
Meers full of Fifh and is not To healthful as the South
ern atiiChampian part tha tis more (haded with Woods and
Groves*. Its Extent in Length from North to South is
about 35 Miles, its Breadth from Eaft to Weft 20 Miles.
It centains 570000 Acres, near 1 7356 Houfes, and more Extent,
than 140000 fettled Inhabitants. 'Tis divided into 17 Divifion
Hundreds, wherein are 8 Market-Towns, '163 Parifhes; and r.um-
It fends fix Members to Parliament, two forthe Town her of jn-
of Cambridge, two for the Vniverfity, and the two Knights habitants.
ofthe Shire. •
The Principal Towns are Firft, Combridg, in Latin ^™~
Cantabrigia , anciently Gramefter & Camboritum, which bridge.
fignifies, a Ford over the River Cam, a wind irig Stream s®ur^s
that joyns with the Oufe in the Fen Land. 'Tis a large Market.
1 ¦*• Town

i4 CAMBRIDGSHIRE.
Town having 14 Parifhes. Famous all over the World
for being one ofthe chief Nurferies of Learning in, our
Ifland. It has 12 Beautiful Colleges, and 4 Halls all en
dowed, I mention themhere according to the Seniority
of their Foundation.
_ „ , 1. Peter-Houfe, founded in the Year 1256, by Hugh
Colleges. de Baij-mi Bifoop of Ely, has 22 Fellows, befides Scho
lars and a Mafter.
2. Clore-HaU, firft founded by Rich. Badew, 1326,;
afterwards rebuilt by Eli\. Grand-Child to Edw. I. fe
cond Daughter and Coheirefs of Gilbert Earl of Clare,
has a Mafter and 1 8 Fellows.
3. Pembroke-Hall, founded 1343. by Mary de St. Paul
Countefs of Pembroke, has a Mafter feveral Fellows ber.
fides Scholars.
4. Corpus -Chrifti or Bennett College, founded 1346,
by two Fraternities of Corpus Chrifti, and the Virgin
Mary, was endbwed by John of Gaunt. Duke of tan-
eafter 1350. has a Mafter and 12 Fellows, &c.
5. Trinity- HaU, founded 13 51. by WtU. Bateman, Bi-
fliop of Norwich, has a Mafter. 12 Fellows and 14 Scho
lars. 6. Gonvile and Cava College founded by EdmpidGoh-
¦uile and John Cam, Doctor of Phyfick 1348. has a
Mafter 26 Fellows and 14 Scholars.
7. JQngsCoUege, founded by Henry the Vt. 144 1, far
a Provoft 70 Fellows and Scholars. .
8. Queens-CoUege, founded 144S, by Margirei Wife
to Henry the VI. has a Prefident 19 Felloivs and 17
, ' Scholars. 9. Catharine-HaU , founded 1475, by Rob. Wvodlari
Chancellor of the, Univerfity, has a Mafter and 6 Fel
lows, &c.
10. Jefm-Coilege, founded 1496.. by John Alcod Bi-
fhop.of Ely, for a Mafter id Fellows befides Scholars.
11. Chrift'CoUege, founded 1 505, by Margaret Coun
tefs of Richmond, and Derby, Mother of King Henry the
VII. has a Mafter and 1 3 Fellows.
12. Magdalen-College, founded 1509, by Tho.Awdley
Lord Chancellor, has a Mafter and 12 Fellows.
13. St.Jobrn; CoUege , founded, 1538, by the faid
Countefs of Richmond for a Mafter 52 Fellows and 92
Scholars. 14. Trinity-CoUege, founded 1546, by Henry VIII.
has a Mafter 60 Fellows, 4 Condufters, befides Scho
lars. l^Emanuel-College, founded 1 5 84. by Sir. Walt. Mild-
may, Chancellor of the Exchequer, has been fince en
rich'!

CAMBRIDGSHIRE. 15
iich'd be Q. Eli^. and other Benefactors, for a Mafter
1 4 Fellows befides Scholars.
16. Sidney-Suffex-CoUege , founded 1598, by Frances
Sidney Countefs of Sujfex, has a Mafter 1 3 Felfows be
fides Scholars.
Here were Schools before the Foundation of thefe
Structures in the Year 1109, in die Reign of Hen. I.
we read of Giflebert, of Friar Odo Terricta, Friar WiUiam
and others who inftructed the Youth at Cambridge, and
if we may give Credit to fome Relations, Cantaber a
Sptmwi, 375 Years before Chrift's Nativity^ founded
this Univerfity. It is probable that Selert K. of the Sigebert.
EaiT. Angles reftor'd it in the Year 630. after Chrift.
If my Conjecture may be accepted, this was a place
©f Learning in the time of the Old Britains where the -
Druids kept their Schools. But the Fury of the Danes
deftrcyed it by the ordersof Sueno their General. It
was rebuilt when Will, the Norman enter'd England.
He erected here a ftrong Caftle, as in other places, to
awe the Natives.
The Town of Cambrige is govem'd by a Mayor and Govern-
Corporation, as 1 the Univerfity is by a Chancellor, who ment of
is a Perfon of the higheft Nobility. His Grace the Cam-
Duke of Sommerfet, a great Patron of Learning, is the bridg.
prefent Chancellor of Cambrige, Under him is the ¦
Vice-chancellor chofen every Year,a Commiffary to Ex
amine and try all Caufes by the Civil and Statute-Law
and the Cuftoms of the Univerfity. Next are the Pro
ctors,' Kegifters, Beadles and. other Officers.
Ely is. the next Town of Note to Cambridge a City Ely
and Bifhoprick ftandmg in an Ifland made by the Oufe Saturdays
and other' Streams. The Cathedral is the chief Orna- Market.
ment erected by the liberality of divers Bifhops.' It
was firft a Rich Nunnery founded by Ethelredo, Wife
of Egfred or Egbert, King of Northumberland, but be
fog rm'n'd by the Danes it was rebuilt and turned in
fo a Monaftery of Monks by Ethelwold, Bifhop of Win-
shifter, but Hen. I. made it a Bifhoprick 1109, and
Horvy Bifhop of Bangor the firft Bifhop. He and bis
Succeffors had all Rights of a County Palatine , titl
Hen. VIII. took them from the Bifhops. Here be
longs to the Cathedral a Dean and Prebendaries, be
fides a Free-Jchool to Inftruct 24 Boys, the moft re
markable things in this place are included in thefe
three Verfes; ^
St. Mary's Chappel you at Ely fee,
The Lofty Lahthorn Rival of the Sky,
.'The Mill and Vine that Bread and Drink Supply.
Several

CAMBRJDGSHIREi
Several Learned Men were born at Ely, as Andrew
Millet, Sr. Thomas Ridley, Doftor of Laws, Richard Parker,
&c. The other places of Note id this County, are
Caxton a Market, chiefly remarkable fot being the
Birth place of WiUiam Simaxaed Caxton, who firft Pra-
ftifed Printing in England. Not tar [from Cambridge
are Hills named Gogmagog where yet appear fome For*
tificationsof the Danes, who encampthere, from them
tis call'd Vandelbiria. In a Valey near thefe Hills is Sal-
flon, a pleafant Seat of the Huddleftons, a Family that
hath long liv'd here in great Credit. More Eaftward is
HUderfbam and Horjheath, remarkable Seats ; and a little
beyond appears Linton a good Market-Town. Nigh Cam-
Tuefdays bridge, to the Eaft is a fmall Brook call'd .Stare, where
Market.

l6

Caxton.Tuefday Market
Gogma gog-Salfton. Hilder-
fham.Linton

Yearly in September is the moft famous Fair of England
nam'd Sturebridge-Fair. In this Fenny Ground are fe
veral Caufeys and Ditches rais'd for the conveniency
of Paffengers. The moft remarkable ate Fens-dyke, Brent-
dyke, Seven-mile-dyke, The Devil' s-djH, The Kjng's-dyke^
and others; Amonft thefe Fens ftood the Famous Abby
of Thorney, celebrated by 'tWiUam of Malmesburyt Here
are alfo Merjh, Soham, Melborn, Wickham, Wickford and
other fmall Towns.
In this County was a Battel between Sweno the Dane
and Earl Britnoth , in the. Year 999. the Earl af-
Melborn. ter a Fierce and long encounter ^f 14 days was flain by
Wicham. the Enemys Several other Fights have been here in
the Barons Wars, for they retreated info, thefe Fenny
and unpaffable Grounds, when forced to fa vethemfelves
by Flight
The Pallaces in this County are Thorney Abbey the
Duke of Bedford's; Awdley- Houfe, the Earl of Suffolk;
New-market-houfe a Royal Seat ; Catlidge, the Lord
North-Grays ; Ely-Place and Wisbicb-Caftle , the Bifhop
of Ely's..
Cambridge gave the Title of pari firft to William Bro*
... ther, of Ranulph Earl of Chefler, after him the Earls of
ntpedwith Humington who were of the Royal Family of Scotland
the /honour were ftiled Earls of Cambridge. A long time after John
" of Hamault, a Brother of the Earl of HoUand and Hain-
auh was made Earl of Cambridge by Edw. III. But wlieri
he revolted WiUiam Marquis of Juliers was created Earl
of Cambridge. After their Deceafe the feme King gave
this Title to his firftSon Edmund of Ldngley, who had two
Sons ifucceffively Earls of Cambridge, Edwaid killed at the
Battle of Agincoun, and Richard created Earl of Cambridge
by Hen. V. But this Title has been improved to a Duke-
*ffi U^f ir\We?tohIFSJ0,?sof our toe K.famesfvihen
Duke of Tori, who all died Young. 'c n fr

The
DykesThorney
Merfh Fridays Market.
Soham,

Wicford
Battels I- 'allac •<?.

Who hove
been dig
nified w.'
tbe hone
ef Cam
bridge.

C H$*

\xjxi

CHE S HIRE

Jntrbv u .

-**z

*5*

°F L A IS
iLirpool

J±.

-0*
»
VWarrjngto

. o
But/ten.

¦ %} — -Woodchijrch
oniAVim. Zeitngton

&arjtan
o Male
t^ai'ji^''-.

A/ Jff Walton.

'Dart

^_

Thur/ianton, ^-^. - © -*7^~iW *>

laTe&j °fA^y^kj^f£
J-Hterletoiv (
*A|ft
fTlamflo
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Xtial-ifh titles

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CHESHIRE. I7
CHESHIRE, in Latin Ceftria, is a northern Coun- Name and
ty bordering on the Infi Sea ; by the Saxons named Situation*
. Gftrefyte, a County Palatine. It has on the Eaft iJ: J;""rtWB*
fordand Derbyshire, on the Weft the Sea-fhorewith two
"Counties of Wales, Flintfhire and Denbigkjbire, on the
North Lanctjbire, on the South Shropjbire.
This County is generally a level Ground, unlets upon The Soil.
the borders of Staftordfiire an* Dcrbyjhire, where the
Hills divide it from thofe Counties. Several Woods
and Forefts are here, the chiet are Delamere and Ma-
clesfield Forefts ; and fuch a number of Parks, that al-
moft every Gentleman has one adjovning to his Houfe.
Some part of tins County is heathy and moffy ptoper ./"/.««*,«
to fupply the Inhabitants with good fewel. But it is moft^Z*
famous for excellent and fat Pafture-Ground for Cattle; LJZL
fo that the beft Cheefe ofthe Nation is here made. It
is fruitful of Corn, Fifh, Fowl, Sheep, Goats* and yields
the beft white Salt. Here are alfo many Meers or
Lakes, Mines of Coal and Metals.
The firft Inhabitants were the Cornavii, a Britifh Inhabt~
Tribe thatfpread all ovter'this, and the adjacent Coun- umu
ties of Shropjhire, Sxaffordflbe, &c. In the Sdxon Hen-
tarehy it made part of the K ingdom of Mercia. William
the Conquerour made it a County Palatine, and gave it
to his Cofin Hugh Lupm, to hold it as freely by his Sword,
as the King himfelf held England by his CroWn.'Tis now
a Bifhporick. 'Tis well watered with feveral Rivers. The Prihci- Tbe Rivera
pal are the Dee, in Latin Deva, by the Welch Dyffyr.
Dwy Springs in Wales, and runs through the South-
weft borders and is full of Salmon. The Weaver divides
the County, and runs through the middle. The Merfey^
wames the North Part. Befideis thefe the Tame, the
Set, the Firth, the Goit, theBoflih\ and the Ringay, fmall
ftreamsran into the Merfey ; as the Dane, the Eiilhto'ck,
the Wbelock,the Pever, thtW&lpdrn, and the Lee, other
Rivers joyn with the Weever; arid the River Allen, runs
into the Dee.
The Air and Soil are generally, as good as in any o- Air and
ther County. 'Tis fitter for Failure thari Corn : It Soil,
yields neverthelefs all manner of Englijh Grain.
tins County ftretches from Eaft to Weft about 45 Divijiott
Wiles, and in breadth from North to South ?. 5. In this Extent,
Compafs it contains above 720000 Acres, about 24054 Acres,
Houfes, more than 164324 Inhabitants within feven Houfes, C?
Hundreds, Thirteen Market Towns, and 86 Parifhes. Number of
ttfends 4 members to Parliament ; 2 from Chefler and Inhabi
ts 2 Knights of the Shire. The- chief Towns are tants.
M the City of Chefter called by the. Britain Caer Legion Chefter.
D <?r

t% . CHE SHIR EJ
Market , or Caer Leon, by the Saxons Legeacefter from i SffltltH
days Wei- Legion that was ufually there incampt or, in Giiarifon,
¦iefdayand remarkable for the Minfter,Caftle and Stone Bridge and
Saturday. Buildings. 'Tis of a fquare form , fenced about with-
&c. a Wall two miles in compafs, inclofihg within ten or e-
leveri Parifhes. , Upon a rifing Ground on the South fide
near the River ftands the Caftle built by /he Earl of
this Place, wherein thef Courts Palatine and the Aflizes
were held twice a Year. This Town felt the Fury of
Egfrid of Northumberland, afterwards of the Danes,b\it
was rebuilt by JEdelfkda, Queen of Memo.
Sometime after Xjng Edgar was here rowed in Tri
umph upon the River jDee by iQnnadius, King of Scotland^
Molcolin King of Cumberland, Macon King of Man, and
four Princes of Wales, who came to. do him Homage,
from St. John's Church to his Pallace. This City is re
markable for having Galleries made in the. principal
Streets to preferve from die Rain. 'Tis much frequen
ted by Strangers and Paffengers going and coming from .
Ireland. Here it is faid thatHenryW Emperour of Ger-
%/iany was interred, after he had lived -in this place for
fome time as an Hermite, after the Abdication of the
Empire.This City became a Bifhops See at die Conqueft,
for Peter Bifhop of Lichfield tranflated that See to Chefler ;
afterwards it was transferred to Coventry, and from thence
it wasreftored to Lichfield. ¦ But Henry VIII. upon the >
diffbliition of Monasteries, difplaced the Monks, inftitu-
ted a Dean and Prebendaries, and raifed it again to a
Bifhops See, appointing within its Jurisdiction this Coun
ty, Lancajbire, Richmond, &c. and to be within the Pro-
, vince of York. It ftands in 53 degrees, and 1 1 minutes
Latitude. 2odeg. and 23 minutes Longitude.
"Malpas Asfoonas the River Die enters the Couhty, it runs
Market by the the Town of Malpae, Abate upon a high Hill.
day Mun- From the difficulty of the way that leads up to it this -
day. Town borrows the Name of Molpas or MaUploteo, ill
ftreet. The Barony of-Malpas was granted by the Earls
of Chefler to Robert Fit^-Hugh, afterwards itwaspoffef-
fed by the Family of the Suttons, but lately by the Bru-
enom or Breretons now in the tenure of Sir. William
Drakes family.
Eaton n The Currcnt of th's Riv_er paffes by Eaton, where
ftands-a beautiful Fabrick belonging to the ancient and
Worfnipful Family of the Grofvenours or Grovenows.
It runs into an arm of theSea at Chefler, where begins a
Cherfonefm that advances far into the Sea. Oh the 0-
. ther fide the River Merfey and Weever mix with the falti.
Water. It was once a defolate f orrcft but King Edwart >
Ilk

CHESHIRE. i9
HI. draled'it to be cleared and peopled, fp that now
here are divers good Towns more plentifully fupplyed •
from the Sea with Fifti, than from the Soil with Corn.
©nthe South fide ftands' Shotwich, and a royal Caftle. Shotwich.
On the North 'oppofite is Hoeton Marinor* a fine Seat Hooton.
and a Park belonging to the Stanleys.
Near to it is Stanlaw where John Lacy, ConftableofStanlaw.
Chefter, built a Moriaftery. At the farther end of the
Cberfonefm there 'is a dry fandy Ifland, call'd Hilbree, Hilbree.
near to a remarkable Place named Hylelake, the mouth Hylelake. •
of the Haven. In the entry in of the Harbour are feve
ral Banks of Sand difcernible at low Water. More with
in the -land is aiarge Foreft call'd by the name of Delo- j}eia_
mere. Here" jEdelfleda, the famous Mercian Lady, built mere#
i\\t&eTmn$tidEadesburgxyr the happy Town; 'tis now Ea(^_
a heap -of Rubbifh and bears the Name of Eadesbwy bury.'
Chamber! Not fjy from it is Edpbury Hall.
About amile from thence are to be feen rums bf-Fin- ipjnt>o-
tirough, another Town, built 'by the Tame Lady. .tQ]1e\\. ",'
Through the upper part of this For'reft the River Wedver-
runs iffuing out of a Lake in the South fide ofthe C«kmty,
at a place called Ridley, wherfe a famous and ancient Fa- ^aieY*
mily, the Egenons, defcended from the Barons of Mil- „ a
fln,have long lived infplendor. Not far from Hence is £c"™n
Beefton Caftle ftahding irppn a Hill, well fortified by UIBev
Art and Nature ; twas built by Ranulph, thelaftEarlof
Chefler oi that name. The Weever continues its Courfe *^ ¦
Southward -not far from Woodhay, where is a Seat of the H . .
Knightly Family of the Wilbrahams, and receives-* fmall
Stream that proceeds from a Lake call'd Combermere. ^
Near to the banks of the Weever are feveral Seatsofthe ^.^
Gentry,Sir. John Mainwarings at Baddely, at Hatberton at mi ^xfs
Wihberbury, at Batherton. From thence the River paftes by ^^ ^
Nantwich at fome diftance from Middltpich to Northwicb* ^ >
Here are the noble Salt-wiches about 5 or 6 miles diftance
from One another where they draw Brine or fait Water
out of the Pits and boiling it over a fire make excellent
white Salt. From Middlewich to Northwich is a high Way
railed with Gravel and Stones in fuch a manner that it
appears to be ofa Roman make. Nantwich is a well built
TcTwn where the beft Salt is to be fold having but one Ihe Vale
Church a neat Fabrick. From thence the Weever tuns Royal.
through the Vale Royal where was an Abbey built by Mmfhul.
Edward I. paffing by Minfhul and leaving at fomediftance Crew.
Crew and Calvely, places that have given Names to ana- Calveley.
.pit Families in this County. It comes at laft to North- North-
*V4,named by the Welch Hellajb Du that isblacx Salt :Pit_ wich.
whereneartbiRiveri?^^^ joineshcre withthe.^ Market

20

Dane Ri
ver.Congle* ton Mar-
let Satur
day.
Daven port. /
HolmesChapel. Rud-.head}. Kinder- ton.Brereton

CHESH I-R E.
ver they draw iip out of a brine Pit with leathern Buc*
kets the fait Water which runs. through Troughs into the;
Wich-Hwkswhere fait. is made. Upon this River Dane
is Co»e/^<>BaMayorTow(n that has only a Chappel belong
ing to the Mother Church, of /iflbury. In the Church
yard are twoGrave ffones bearing twoKnights withShields
having two Bars. 'Tis doubtful whether they belong to
the Breretons, M.anwarings or y enables confiderable Fa*
railies who, bear fuch Bars^biij't with different Colours,.
Next the 'Dane paffes by Davenport that has given name
to an amie-nt Family, afterwards to Holmes Chappel. nofc
far from Rudheath, where formerly was a .Sanctuary
for Offenders that were fq be there prote^ed a Yeaf
anial?ay Next the flaue runs by IQnderton the feafc
of that ancient Family of the Veftables. Here the Croke
a feat} Rjver runs into the Dane coming from Bagmere
near to Brereton a noble Seat belonging to a Family of
that name. In a Neighbouring Lake 'tis reported that
When any of tiiatFarr\jly dies Trees are feen fome days.
before floating upon tl\e Water. The fame ftory is im
ported of a Pond near die Abby of St, Maurice v\Burgm-<
dy rjiatthe Fifh foretel the' Death ofthe Monks by appear*
ing upon the furface of this Pond.
AtMf^fcwVi&aretwo fait Fountains feparated by a
Brpok call'd Sheaths. The one is fhut up and not open'd
but at fet times to prevent the ftealjngawayof the Wa-
Market So- ter that is more excellent than of the other. At fome
Wday,- diftanceis Bo/roci from whence comes the ancient Fami
ly of the Savages , not far from thence is the Town of
feve r the Seat of the Manwarings ; next are VVinnington^
Diffton from whence two worthy Families have borrowed
their Names. .
The principal Fairs are i May at Congetton, 29 Juns
_ . at %nmesford, 30 June at Mac clesfeild, 2 July at Con*
fairs, gerton, 2$ July at Malpvs, 24. of AuguS at Nantwich,
, 18 October at MiddlewUh; 6 December at Nonhwich,1 Af+
cenfion day at Middlewich, and Stoppot, Munday after St.
Bartholomew at Sonbich.
This County is a Palatine the laft Earl was Simon de
ItsH0ior. Momford, after him it has. been united to the Crown and
' poffeffed by the Princes©? Wales who are Dukes of Ccm-
wal and Earls of Chefler. 'Tis govern'd yet by a Cham
berlain Juftice for the common-Pleas of the Crown, two
Barons of the ExChequer,Sherif and Efcheator and orher
Officers. It pays in the 2 $. Aid 14299 1. i7.s. nrf. 5.
The Lord Lieutenant of this County and City of
Chefler is the Right Honourable Richard Earl Rivers. .
C 0 E.N*»

' Middle wich.

The Lord
Lieute nant.

'1'un.e. d..6»J^mya^a'
I .fMiUr
i,. J. CUmcna
I . Jionhidretk*
f . Ztrocontttclis
J, . JlhuKtXJycomb
Clue '
I .¦Xtommuk,
4 .j&urtml&rra*

xxrii

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B. C.
D.X. r.G.
H I.

Pen^tith Hxjn~,
RlXCRJER- ¦
PlUES, ¦
PCWJJER, ¦
Trig ¦
'West. ,^
Kast. K>^
Lesno-wth. Stratton.

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Cew .

-imvan.1*

CORNWALL, 21
CORNWALL, in Latin, Comubio from Corn- Name and
a Rock, or Corn and %ernaw a Horn ; becaufe Situation,
it runs out like a Horn into the Sea ; 'Tis the moft
Weftern County of England, encompafs'd with the Sea,
except Eaftward where the River Tamer feparates it
fcctrri Dfyanjbire,
. It abpunds with Mines of Tin, which is the beft and Commodi-
fineft of all Europe, not much inferior to Silver ; and ties and
fem'd for that CQramp4ity ip the days of' Herodotus. If Produfts.
abounds alto with §tone and Blew Slate-quarries, with
Corn, Fruits, Cattle, and with fome SilverTmines, with
Diamonds as big as Wall-nuts, and Which, is moft ad
mirable,, fome ready flaap.ed, The Cflaft affords incre
dible quantity of Pilcbands, from hence they are tran-
fportgd into Francs, sj<a». and Tub '¦> Where they are
#eern'd and call'd Fuwajfas,, The ancient Inhabitants
were the fiavmonii, othprwife na.mei Qftiones, Corini,
OfliiaimiU and gow <7fifl»(k, They had a peculiar Lan
guage .amongfl: tb£mfej?es, which is n.pw aimoft ex- Mabl"
tin&, and no. paggins,. unMs. "in two or three Parifhes Umu
at theiLarjds End.
The principal Rh?ers.ofth.is County are the lamjsr, .
thjt dttji&?S it from Dpyonjleitf, and runs into th? §ea 'he Rivers.
at Plim]ouj,)?r, Next pe the Camjj, that jpyns with
the Saltwater at Po4flotihhjive%, ani the Eale, that fells f A" ~f w"
into the Sea in Falmouth Harbqp. Befides thefe, djere Saturdays
is the River of Cqb§r, that runs tp Helfien, the Low, Market.
that gives a najne to two To.w$s,a_£th£ §ea, the Liver,
and feveral Other fmall "Rjyulets §f leffor Nofe, %}e.
Tfie Air in this County is. ygry (harp, Bl»ch fubjeft to
Winds and Sjrorms, becaBfepfthe Neighbour Seas, bet- Jte ¦?""
ter to pr^pf ye health than to recover if. The Spring anA i0'1'
kmuch rjigre backward , gnd the Harveft later, tho
the Winter be milder than -indie more Eaftern Parts.
The Soil is for the moft part, Hilly and flocks cove
red with a fliallpw Eardi, tho' there are many- Fruit-
fall Valleys, particularly towardsthe Sea, where they
emprove their Ground with Orewooi, a Sea Weed, and
with fat Sand. About tfip Towns am Inelofures but
the. reft at a diftance from them is waft and open-
Ground fit forthe Pafturg of-Sheep and Cattle, ye-ildujg
befides plenty of Game, both for the Hawk and; the
Hound., ; , Vxtent
It ftretcbes,fram Eaft to Weft about 70 Miles 'next y™J-
to Ueyftj^fp^ it is about 40 Miles broad, sud by degrees Ami
it grows narrower towards the Lands End^ wliere it ¦J berof
is from, St. Levan to Morva about, ip-'Miles over. : In n , i
this apace it. contains 9 Hundreds, 1.6 1 Parifhes , 27 /""'*.¦
¦ ' i. Mat-*"1*'

22 C O R N W A L L.
Market-Towns, whereof 21 fend Members to Parlia-
ment; 960000 Acres, about 26760' Heufes; above
161666 Souls, and of them about ^0000 Fighting Men
fit for Service. ;
Barmr/i- The Burgefs-Towns are Bote, B#«^, Camelprd,'
Towns Dunhive ot Lonceflon, Eoft-Low, Fowey or Kpy, Grampont,
Helflon, St. Germans, St. Aw, Islington, Lefkard, Leflwi-
thiel, St. Motw, St. Michael, Newport, Penryn, Ptrtpig.
ham Saltafb, Tregony, and Truro, befides there are two
Knights of the Shire : In all, there are 44 Members
feht out of this County to the Parliament. ' •
The moft remarkable Places are the Stannaries or
The Stan- Metal-works, which arc of two forts the Lode-works and
naries. tjje stream-works. The latter is in low places where they
difcover the veins of Tin- in- Ditches, out of "'which
they convey the Water artificially ; the former is irr
the higher Ground , where they work down to the
Tin-Mines by Holes that they name' Shafts: To thefe
Stannaries belong' Laws , Immunities, and Privileges
firft granted to them by Edmund Brother to Henry III.
and confirmed and enlarg'd by Edw. IH.He divided their
firft Body into four Foymore, -' Slack-more, Trewdrndile,
and PehwiVh, fo named frotn the Places, and appoin
ted over them a General Warden, Subwardens, to
do Juftice and determin* caufes, referving to the King,
or Lord Warden a certain Tribute; now all this Tin
was to be carried to one of thefe Towns, Leskord, Lefl-
withiel, Truro and Helflon ; fince Penfans is a Coinage
Town, and 'there ftampt, before it was latfful to fell it
to the Merchants. Michael Blampinm, a Cprnifh man
and good Poet, Anno 1250 fpeaks thus of CqrnwoU.
'Twere needlefs to recount their wondrous'ftore c <
Vaft wealth and fair Provifions for the Poor, ¦"'

In Fifh and Tin they know no Rival fhore.- ' ¦
What can e're fright us if we ftand our Ground?
If fraud confound us not, we'll all confounds
Theprefem ^ne Natives are noted for Civility ' and Cburtefy,
Natives. and are for.' the moft part Healthy and Lufty Bodies,
expert in- Wreftling and hurling the Ball, and fo big
that HauviUan the Poet fpeaks of them as of Giants.
Raw Hides they wore for Cloaths,their Drink wasBlobd,
Rocks were tiieird ining Rooms, their prey their Fobdj
Their Cup fome hollow Trunk, their Bed a Grove,
Murder their fport, and Rapes their only Love.
With fuch Vile Monitors was the Land oppreft,
( But moft the farther Region of the Weil. < ' ': " ¦
Tbe Lands The Lands End is call'd by Geographers Bokrium, ot
End. . Eelenum, by the Brjtaint Peitwith, and by the Cornifa1 Pe»

CORNWALL. 2?
Pen-yin-lafs i. e. The End ofthe Earth. Here flood
once a Watch-tower, to direcl Ships in the Night, near
St. Buriens, fo named from an Irijh She- Saint. King St Burien
Athelftan made it a Sanctuary when he returned from
the Conqueft of the SciUy-lflxnds. Not far diftant at Eifcaw-
Bifcaw-wounezre Ninteen great Stones fet iii a Circle woune.
about 12 foot diftant one from another, and one bigger
than the reft in the middle, fuppofed to be a Roman or a
Saxon Trophy, or an old Sepulcher of Britains.
From hence the Shore forms a Bay, call'd Mount's Boy, Mounts
where ftands Moufehole, a Market-town call'd in Welch Bay
Fort-Inis, i. e. the Port of the Ifland, and Pen f once, i.e. Pen'fance
The head of the Saint, for 'tis a Market-town, that Thurf
bears in its Arms St. John the Baptift's head in a Char- davs Mer
ger. Here is a Well ftiled St. Modem's Well, where as ket,
fome affirm divers wonderful cures have been ef- St Ma-
fefted, by wafting in the Water, and drinking of it. de'm's
Some afcribeittoa Miracle, others to a natural Virtue weU).
in the Welh Not far from thence is the Rock of Main-
Amber, which tho it be of a prodigious bignefs is to be MainAm-
moved with one Finger. In this Bay is a fmall Town, ber.
and Market kept on Thursday, call'd Merkin. In the
corner ftands St. Michaets Mount, formerly nam'd Dihfol, Merkin.
by the Natives Careg-Cowfe, i. e. a hoary Rock, by the St. Micha-
Saxons, Michel-trop, i. e. Michael's Place. el'sMounn
The Tide furrounds it, but in low Water one may
go to it a-foot. Jlere was once a Cell for Monks, but
now 'tis a Caftle. At the foot ofthe Mount,not long fince
Spear-heads, Axes, and Swords of Brafs were dig'dout
ofthe Earth, in ufe amongft the old Britains. About
the Rocks there is a Crow that breeds differing from
Others, having a Red-biU and Red-feet, named Pyrrhoco-
rax, which is mifcheivous to the Inhabitans. This
Mounts-boy is a fafe Harbor from the South and South-
Eaft Winds, feven Fathom deep at low Water. On the
laft is Godohan or Godolphin, a Hill noted for Tin-
mines, but much more forbearing the name of an ho-Godol*
norable Family, which fignifies in Cornijb a White-Eagle, phin.
their Armes are, in a Shield Gules an Eagle difplay'd
between three Flower-de-luces argent. A little to the
South is Helflon or Helas , having the privilege of ftamp-
ing Tin, and lower is a Lake of two Miles long call'd Helfton.
Loopole, feparated from the Sea by a little Ridge. At Saturdays
•fome diftance there is a heap of great ftonesand Earth Market.
without order, fuppofed to be the Ruines of a Britijb
ftructure. rThe Peninfula is named Meneg, and the
Cape by the Seamen the Lizard, in Latin 0>. rinum Promon- Meneg.
wtfKffkFromhehce to theEaft is a little Bay.where Woluba or

24 CORNWALL
7ibeLizard or Falmouth a good and large Harbour for Ships, at the
Falmouth entrance is a high and uneven Rock called Crage where
Thurf- King Hen. VIII. built two Gaftles to feciire the Haven*
days on the Eaft St. Maddiis, oh the Weft PendennU , of
Market, which thus a Poet fpeaks.
Crage. High on a craggy Rock Feit&ennk ftands.
Penden- And with its Thunder all the Port commands*
nis at While ftrong St. Maudh's anfwers it below,
Falmouth Where Falmouth's faitds the fpacious Harbor fhow*
if a Seapoft
fettled by Within the Haven are remarkable Places: Penryna
/K. W. for goad Matket-town where was a collegiat Church.
Spain that Truro inCornifh Trum from three ftree'ts,a MayorTowh,
fayls to the Grampomd a Market-town. Not? far is Rofe-land from the
Groyn. Cornijhy/otdRofs a Vally 5 Farther in theLand isLanbidrock
Penryn theSeat of the-Right Honourable theEarl ofRadmr'. more
Market Eafterly is St. Neots, where is a fineCountry Church with
Wednef- Windows full ofPi&ntes.Boc&wnock belonging to the Lord
day, Fri- MdhUn^AndTregidn to the BuUers. More Eafterly is Forney
day, and Riverwhere ftandsFowy Town in Jititifh Foath famous for-
Siturday. merly for Sea Fights, where is a Caftle built by Edw.
"itnto IV. More in the Land is Leftwithiel the County Town
Market where the County Court is kept and the Warden of
Wednef- the Stannaries has his Prilon. More Eafterly is Lef-
AayandSa-kearduoon a high Hill, and Northerly Bodmin former-1
turday. ly a Bifoop's See, both Market-towns. Not far from
Gram- hence are two Stonfes or Monuments in the Parifh of
pound St. Clare with Arrange Characters, and at feme diftance
Saturdays from thence is the Wring- Cheefe, ftOnes which have
Market, been raifed upon a high Rock. Next to thefe in a
Fowey Down are the Mrfers, other ftones ftahding uprigM
Saturdays in three Circles, fancied by the Country to be Men
Market, turn'd into ftones for playing on Sunday, but ftrppoled
Leftuthicl to be more truly a Burymg place ofthe ancient BrftaflW.
Friday foir upon one about half a Mile from them -appears the
Market, the Figure of a Crbfs. Not far from the River Low,
Leskeard ,s the Seat of the ancient Family ofthe Trelawnks de-
Market fcfended frdm the Courtneys Earls of Devonshire, more
Saturday Northerly is Tre rice, the Seat of the Lord Arrndk rah'd
Bodwin to the dignity of a Baron by K. Charles II. for his
£S«* W^ "dftfilatotbe CroWn, We muft not forget
Saturday, on the Southern Coaft Mount Edgetombe in fight of
Hurier's Se?. " ^^ °f °yfterS em*tteV£ felf into the
The Lord It pays in the two Shilling Aid 1 <$87 J. , 7ii
ST" »The Lu,rd Veutenant rf this CoiMity is3the mm
nam. Honourable Charles Eitl of J^feer, J * m

25
THE
North Part o/Cornwall ; with the IJlands of
Stilly, Lundy and Man.
THE North Part of this County is as remarkable as
the South. 'Tis about 75 miles in Length having
feveral fmall Harbours for Ships. To begin at the Lands
End, fome have imagin'd that the Sea has fwallowed a
part of the Land and that between the further end and
SciUy IJlands there has been a continued Line or Tract
of Land ; for the Water is of an equal depth and pieces of T ,
Buildings have been taken up at Lethas or the 7 Stones, Lethas-
half way between the Land and SciUy by Fifhermen.
The Firft Place on this North Coaft that appears is St.
lies or St. Ives, an inconfiderable Town adjoyningtoa St. Ives.
Bay expos'd to the fury of the North- Weft Wind; at the
Eaftern point is the fmall Ifle of Gudrevy, and about 3 GudrenV.
miles within the Land upon a little Rivulet is built the
Town of Redruth, about 2 miles from Truro a good Mar- Redruth.
ket. Into St. Ives Bay the River Haile runs and mixes Truro.
with the Salt Water. Nothing along this Coaft is re- Market
markable till you come to Padftow, where two Rivers Wednefday
the Alan arid the Camel being joyned fall into the Salt Wa- ^ Star
ter. About 3 miles Weftward, is the Town of St. Co- Padftow.
lotah, and more Eafterly that of Wadebridg, having a Market
noted Bridg of 17 Arches built by Vicar Lacebone. A Saturday.
litde towards the Sea is the Town and Haven of Padftow. St. Co-
About 4 miles from thence is Lhanheron, thefSeat of an lombs.
ancient and wealthy Family of the Amndelrviho bear Market
in a field fix Swallows Argent unto which an ancient Po- Thurfday.
et alludes reprefenting one of that Family affaulting a Wade-
French man. - • ondg.
Swift as the Swallow, whence his Arms device. , Lhanhe-
And his own name are took, enrag'd he Flies, r°n.
• Through gazing Troops the wonder of the Field,
And ftrikes his Lance in WiUioms glittering Shield. Caftls
Ata little diftance are the Signs of a fortification ofthe Danis.
Old Danes call'd Caftle Danis, and at the entry of Padftow Camei.
Haven is an old Chappel of St. Edith an Irijh Saint. The for(J
River Alan or Camb-alan commonly call'd Camel runs into
it rifing about 4'Market Town nam'd Camelford where a j™?™*
famous Battle happen'd between King Arthur and Mprd- £ tiay.
ted the Saxon, tot pieces of Armour have been found here
' E with Awo 820-

2 6 The North Part of Cornwall ; &c.
with other relicks of War. Of this bloody fight a Poet
fpeaks .  —  •_-  Camel's ftream
Feels the fed change, and wonders Wheric&it'ca^rrte'1.
The yielding Banks ate drowh'd with riling Blood,
And mangled Corps lie gafping on the Flood.
Poor half dead Wretches fpend their fainting, Breath*
In cries for refcue from a fecond Death.
On the SeaCoaft is yet to be feen the moiirhfulruinsof
KJig Arthurs. Birth Place Tiiid'agium now Tindogel Coftlt
reprefented by a Poet, . , ¦
On a fteepRock within a winning Bay
A Caftle ftands, furroundedby die Sea.
Whofe frequent Thunder fhakes the trembling Hill
Tindagel. Tindage of old 'twas call'd, now Tindogel.
'Tis reported that Vter Pe'ndrdgbn begdt this Arthur in
a fit of Love On the wife of Gorlpis Prince' of CornwaUift
. this Caftle in the abfenc'e of her Hufb&id;
Nor ceroid the Prince conceal his ragirig Flame
But ih'falfe fliapes to Tindagel he came, •
By Mer/iw's. Arttransform'd from King to Duke .
And Gorioi's Perfon for Pendr -agon's took.
From this Fendragon who was fam'd for Warlike it-
enlevements in the SaxonixcAe the weft Saxons took Shd
bore a Dragon in their Arms.
In Erifigns mov'd by gentle Air
Fierce Dragons heads e'recl appear.

Bore-
reaux

Launfton.

Upon the North Coaft ftands Botcr'eaux ot Vulgarly
Bofcoftel an ancient Seat of the Hungerfords and Stow
where the noble Family of the GreHvilkhxve Ions flou-
rilh'd. , - , ,
The River Tomer rifes near this Gbaft and pafies byi?*-
mora or Tamanon,not far from L'anftuph'adon now Launfl on
a fine Town where the Aflizesare kept for the County.
Stratton. But higher at Stratton was a remarkable hatrie between
the Parliament Forces and the Cornijh Men for f^ing
Charles thel. Attno \6$i,. In that Place there followed a
prodigiousCrop of Barley 10 or 12 Ears on a Stalk; as-after
a Battle between the Danes at Swonf eld fprang up Done-
wort otDwarf-eUera Shrub that is not found in any other
Place round about. The Tomer runs afterwards in view of
an high Mountain call'd Hengflon HiU, where happened
a bloody Battle between the Englijh and the Britains, affi-

The IJlands of SciUy, and Lundy. 27
aflifted by theDanes where the latter were all cut off.
This R^ver is full of Salmon.
Cgrmjoajl from England, Tqngt's ftreams divide
Whence with fat Salmon all the Land's fupply'd.
The Palaces are Stow , Wolfton,Stanbury,clifton,and Lo- PaUaces
now, belonging to the Earl of Bath; Lanhydro anc\ Truro
to the Earl of Radnor ; Bacono.ck, to the Lord "Mohan,
Trerife, to the Lord Arundel, &c.
The ptiier Market Towns of leffer Note are K£Uingtm,
Tregony Market Saturday ; St. Auflel , Bofiaflle , Lyfton,
Market-jew Thurfday, Redrutb,Stratton,Worbridge, Sr Ger
mans Friday, &c.
This £ounty had Earls, but Edward III. made the The Honor.
Black Prince Duke of ComwaU. Since the eldelt Sons of
the Kings of England are Princes of Wales, and Dukes
of Cornwall.
The lflands of SCILLY.
WEft of Cornwall, about 60 Miles from the Land's
End, are the lflands of SciUy ; called in Latin,
Silurum, Injulat, and Cafftterides ; and in French, les Sor-
lingues. They are many in Number, reckon'd to be
145. Two of which are moft noted, s.cilly and St.M<*-
ry's ; and of the two St. Mary's is the Principal, having
a beautiful and fafe Harbour, with a ftrong Caftle to
command it, built by Queen Elizabeth. King Ethelfton
fubdued the Natives, who where left to themfelves by
the Romans, when they forfook England, and join'd
thefe lflands to the County of ComwaU.
Thefe lflands are very fruitful , and abound in Corn,
and Pafture ; here is alfo plenty of Conies, Cranes,
Swans, Herons, Ducks, and other Wild Fowl. Thefe
lflands are under a Goyernour ; the prefent is the Ho
noured Sidney Godolphin Efq; who commands the Gar-
rifqn , and has under him a Deputy and other Offi
cers.
The Ifle of L U N D Y.
OVer againft the Coaft of ComwaU is the Ifle of Lundy
in the Severn Sea, five Miles long and two broad,
fenc'd about with fteep Rocks, having but one paffage to
}ead up to it. 'Tis in the middle of the Salt Water, yet
has many Frefh Water Springs.
The I/le of M A N.
THE Ifle of Man, in Latin Mono, Mcnceda, Movehha :
Or Menavia fecunda; Names given by the Anci- TheName.
ents is about thirty Miles in Length; about fifteen broad
E 2 ii)

2 8 The IJle of Man.
in fome places, in others about eight or ten. It hath
two ftrong Caftles, feventeen Parifhes, and five Market- ,
Towns. Between England and Ireland, oppofite :to Cum
berland, 'tis for the moft part an high Land ; the lofti-
eft Hill is named SceafeU, from whence one may fee in
a clear day, three Kingdoms. The Air is (harp bit
, ., healthy. The Soil is fo very fruitful thro the mduft-
The Soil. of the Natives in Corn and Pafture, that itfurnifhes
The Pro- n?ot ml ks own inhabitants, but alfo Foreign Parts
duas' with Food. It hath abundance of Cattle, Sheep, Co
nies, Deer, Fifh, &c and produces good Hemp and Flax.
The Inhabitants inftead of Wood which is very fcarce, .
burn a fatt and bituminous Turf, for which when they
dig deep they meet with flumps of Trees.
The chief Town \sRuffin, on the North part of the
TheTowns. ifland, defended by a Caftle, therefore call'd Caftle-
Town. Pope Gregory the IV. appointed an Epifcopal
See at St. Columbs, and nam'd it Sodorenfis that had Ju-
rifdiciion over this and other lflands ; But now this Bi
fhop commands only the Ifle of Man and is fubje£l to York.
Anotherpopulous Town with a good Harbor, isDug-
las, much frequented by Strangers and Merchants be
caufe of a Convenient Haven. On the South fide of
the Ifland, is Bolo-Curi, the Bifhops Seat.
The Inhabitants are divided into Southern and Nor
thern. The Southern by their fpeech difcovers that they
are iffued from the Irijh, and- the Northern from the
Scots. s
Their Controverfies are decided by their Magiftrates,
call'd Deemfters, who upon Complaint, take up aftone,
mark it, and deliver it to the Plaintif, who by virtue of
it is empowr'd to fummon the Defendant, and Witneffes
fo anfwer the matter. The more difficult Cafes are re-
fer'd to twelve, out of the number of the twenty-
four Men who are call'd the Keys ofthe Ifland. They
have alfo other Magiftrates Coroners, who execute the
office of Sherifs, they' are nam'd Anna's. All Caufes
are here quickly decided without delay, for the tricks
of Law and Lawyers, are not here fuffer'd.
The whole Ifland is under the Earl of Darby who is
Tl?e Lord, chief Lord, and who maintains here upon his own Colt
Other Soldiers to defend it and keep the Garifons, the other
Towns. chief Towns are Laxi and Romfey on the Eaft-fhore, arid
Peel with a ftrong Caftle on the Weft.
Two Sts. are here in requeft, St. Patrick and St. Mau-
gold. Near to it is the Ifle of Calf, where a Fowl call'd
Puffins breed in Cony-Burrows, efteem'd only for their
Feathers and Oil. They tafte like Anchoves.
CUM-

^

CUMBERLAND. 2()
CV MB E R^L A N D, in Latin Cumbria, in Saxon Name and
Cumbra-land and Cumerland, becaufe die old 'Situation.
Cambri fled and defended themfelves here from the Fu
ry of the Saxons. It plainly appears to be fo by many
Britijh Names that remain yet in this County. Tis die
moft Northerly part of England, bounded on the North
by Scotland, and part of Northumberland ; on the Weft,
by the Irijh Sea ; on die South by Lancofter ; and on
the Eaft by Weftmorland, Durham, and Northumberland.
' It yields plenty of Fifh, Flefh, Corn, and Fowl ; and Coramodi-
abundance of large Salmon. It hath alfo feveral Mines ties and
of Coal, Lead, Copper, Silver, and Lapis ColaminarU, Products.
and on the Sea fome Pearls are to be found among the
Mufcles. The Ancient Inhabitants were called Brigontes. Here />7/wy.
the old Britains continued long ,. till fubdued by theriWm-
Saxons, and then this Country was part of the King
dom of Northumberland, as it is now divided between
the Diocefes of Chefler and Cariifle;
It hath many Lakes and Meets , out of which iffue The Rivers
feveral Rivers." Thefe are the chief ; Dudden, Denock & Lake:.
Lake and River , Esi, In, Bleng , Bredwoter, Berwent,
Thurlmyre , Elne, Wi\a, Wampul, Cauda, Petterel, and
the Eden Rivers that run into the Irijh Sea, VUef-water,
a fait Lake of 5 miles long, and about two broad, five
miles from Penrith, out of which conies the River that
joins with the Eimot near Penrith. Here alfo are fe
veral other Streams of leffer Note.
The Air in this County is fharp and cold, but gene- r, .
rally a better Friend to Health than to Fruit-Trees. ni>'
The Soil is Hilly for the moft part. The Names of the
Chief Mountains called EeUs, are thefe , Skiddaw, Hard-
knot, Blackcoum, and Wrynofe, where ftands three Shire- Soit m$_
Stones upon this and the Countjes or Lancafiire and pi'tUs.
jPeflmorland. The South part is called Copelond, from Copeland
the rich Veins of Copper, as 'tis fuppofed, and is moan- & Gillef-
tainous ; the other Part is full of low Valleys, and is \.dn&,
called GiUefland. Extent
¦'* It ftretches fromNorth to South, about 50 miles; in Acres
Breadth, from Eaft to Weft it hath about 38 ; and con- HoufesXS
tains inftead of Hundreds 5 Wards, 1 City, 58 Parifhes, dumber of
14 Market-Towns, 1040000 Acres, about 14820 Hou- /„ bob i-
fes, and 88920 Inhabitants. " tants.
' It fends but fix Members to Parliament ; two from Burgefs
Cariifle , and two from Cockermouth , befides the two Towns.
Knights of the Shire. Milium
At the month of the River Dudden ftands MiUum- Qaflle.
Caftle, belonging to the Ancient Family of the Huddle-

JO
Raveng- las.
Market Sa
turday.
Irt. Irtindale,

St. Bees.

Whiteha
ven.Market
Thurfday. Egre-
mont.Market Sa
turday.Moresby.

Hay-Ca-ftle.
Derwent.Borro-dale.Cocker.
Newland.

Skiddaw. Keswick.-
Market Sa
turday.

Cocker-
mouth.
MarketMonday.
Palm-Ca-
ftle.

CUMBERLAND
'flons, from whence the Shore winding to the North
difcovers Ravenglat, a Market-Town, and a Have,n for
• Ships, where two Rivers enter the fait Water. A little
higher is a fmall Stream called In, where the Sbell-flfh
bring forth Pearls, fold by the poor People that gather
them at low Water, to the Jewellers at a fmall Rate.
, Here is the Town of Irton or Irtindale, now in the Pop
feffion of a Family of that Name. From hence the
Coaft bends Wefterly, and forms a Promontory that
bears the Name of St. Bees, or St. Bega, an irijh Saint,
who is faid to have lead here a folitary Life. Here is
a good Grammar-School, endow 'd by the Archbifhops
Grindal and Lamplugh , by Bifhop Smith, and Sjr John
Lowther of Whitehaven. Next to St. Bees below It is
Whitehaven, fo called from the white Rpcfe. At fome
diftance in the Land is Egremont Caftle, formerly the
Seat of WiU. de Mefchines, given to him by Hen: I. to.
hold it by Knight-fervice to ferve the. King in his Wars
againft the Scotch and Welch : 'Twas afterwards a Ba
rony belonging to the Percies, This St.' fifes, and the
Village of Moresby, where is a fmall Harbour for Ships,
appear to have been fortified by the. firft Inhabitants
againft a foreign Invafion. Here are found fome Re
licks of Antiquity, as pieces of ftones with Infcriptipns,
Altars dedicated to S'tlvanvA and Beiatucadrus, and other
Gods, Medals, &c. with Roman Names almoft worn ovit
by Time. At fome ftnall diftance are, the Remains of
Hay- Caftle which formerly belong'd to the Families pf
Moresby and Difftnton. We meet next with the River
Derwent that rifes in Borrodale, and running through a
large Lake where are three lflands, round Derwent
Fells or Hills , joins with the River Cocker at Cocker-
mouth, and empties it felf into the Sea at St. Michael's
Cape. Hereabouts at New Lands rich Veins of Coppef
with fome mixture of Gold arid Silver have been found ; ,
as alfo abundance of Black Lead call'd by the Country
Wadd. Under the high Mountain Skiddaw ^efwick a
fmall market Town fhews it felf where Sir. John Banks e-
reded a charitable Work-houfe in the Reign of King
Charles I. of this Mountain and others the Rhime fpeaks.
Skiddaw, LauveUin, and Cafticand,
Are the higheft Hills in all England.
Cocker mouth is a neat and populous Town built between
two Hills upon one ftands the Church, upon the other
the Caftle of the old Earls of Northumberland about 2
miles diftance are the ruins of another Caftle call'd Pap
Caftle ot Palm-Caftls by the Saxons where a large open
Veffel of greenifh ftone was found with ftrange Characters and

CUMBERLAND. ?I
aftd the ttnage of St. John baptizing Chrisl in Jordan Ri
ver faith a Dove de-fcendffig. ''Tis now ufedfor a Font
in BrikWke Church. Near the Mouth of Derwent is yy-:,.^-
mriWgWh famous for Salmon fifhing and a ftately feat of t §"
the Cumens. T !
Up the -River Elne is the market Town Terby in Latin ir 7 °r
Atbeia, %'nd near the Sea Itood Elenborrough, where was M r^'
&Roman)Gar4ftm and where divers Altars Statues and ve- i^T?
nerableriiarks of Antiquity have been found in the Vaults MrJliaJ'
and wer-e preferved by fome neighbouring Gentlemen
ivifh another Stone upon which appear two winged Genii
holding 'between them a Garland of Victory.
Prom hence the fhore appears crooked as far as a Bay Moricam-
call'd Moricambo where the Abbey of Vlme or Holm Cul- 130-
train was founded by David King of Scotland. Michael Abbey
Scot a monk learned in the mathematicks and perhaps in Holm.
Magick Art lived here. The Waver and the Wi\a meet M^kef Sa
in this place. Up in the Land upon a Hill are the ruins tw-dai.
which *he Country calls Old Cariifle whereby thelnfcrip- old Car-
tionsand Altars-that have been taken up and the Images ijfle>
of Lions, Eagles, and Men, we may guefs that here was
formerly a Garifon of the Romans. A little farther is a
Cape of Land with a fmall Village call'd Bulnefs, having BUinefs#
the conveniency of an Harbour and a Fort to defend it.
This ls'tfie dtmdft Bounds of England towards Scotland as
theBrit-rfh word Bulch fignifies. A mile beyond began
the PiBs WaU, which crofting the Eden River at Cariifle The Picls
reaches-asfar as NewCaftle upon7>«e, in length about Wall.
Somites. 'Twas begun in this place by the Emperour
Adrian and ima'rg'd by Severm made of Turf and fortified
frith a Ditch; Tbeodofim the Father and the Son repaired
ft. Upon thisWall and in'theinlide were Caftles and for
tified Tb*ers where Soldiers were garifoned and a bra
zen Trumpet or Pipe laid all along in the Wall to call
from onelration to another. Hereabouts are Gentlemen
who hold their Lands ofthe King in Cornage bound to
give' notice of the coming of an Enemy by founding ofa ,
Horn and to ferve in the Scotch Wars marching thither
in the Van, and at their return in the Rear. Some part
of this Wall was of Stone- but moft of Turf and Earth.
ihe'ruins ate yet viiible in feveral places, Solway
Within the Bay call'd Solway Frith is Drum- Frith.
bough Caftle and near to it- Burgh upon Sands aBurghUp.
little Town noted for the fuddain Death of our pon §3^5,
vailiant Edward!, who after many Victories departed this
fifeinhis Camp, his memory is preferved in a fquare Pil
lar 'erected in the fame place. Here the River Eden or
Mn'i eriteirs the Sea. 'Near the banks of Eimot not far taen
from

J2
Dacre
Caftle.
Dale- ma Ine.
Kfng Ar
thur'sRound Ta
ble.Penrith. MarketTuefday.

CUMBERLAND.
from Vlles Water is Dacre Caftle the Manfion-Houfe of
the Baron de Dacre, and on the other fide of the River
Dalemoin the dwelling houfe of Edward Haffel Efquire,
held of the Barony of Greyftoke in Cornage. Within two
miles of Penrith is a round plat of Ground reprefenting a
Table with a Trench and Ground anfwerable to
fit. 'Tis commonly cau'd King Arthur's round Table.
The Eimot and the Ladder meet within a mile of" Perith.
or Penrith an ancient Poft and good Market Town plenti
fully furnifh'd with Fifh, Flefh, Fowl and Corn. It
hath on the Eaft fide a Hill that overlooks the Town and
oppolit on the other fide the Ruins of an old Caftle. It
hath a large Church withChimes and two high ftones
Handing before the great Door erected in memory of Sir*
EwenCeeforim a Gyandike man and a great Warrior
who was buried here. The Town is fo populous that
having been in my youthful Dayes Vicar of this place I
remember I reckon'd above icoo Communicants. At
E after Tide near 700 received the Communion from my
Hands. And at Eafter Day about 400. About a "mile
from Penrith within the Parifh is Carlton-HaU, the Man
fion-Houfe in my time of my worthy Friend Sir. WiUiam
^Carlton, whom I mention for his loyalty and fufferings
for King Charles the II.
At little Salkeld near Eden are 77 ftones 10 foot high
LongMeg rUpp0fed to have been a burying Place. The Country
call them Long Meg and her Daughters.
From thence the Eden paftes by KJrk Ofwald formerly
the poffeffion of Sir. Hugh Moruil, one of thole who kill'd
Thomas a Hecket. It vifits afterwards Corby Caftle, which
belong'd to the Salkelds, but now to the, Howards. Not
far from thence on the banks of Eden is an old Grotto
hewed out of a Rock call'd Ifis Parlijh of difficult and dan
gerous accefs. Next this River paffes by Hutton-HaU
lately the Manfion-Houfe of Sir: George Fletcher.
Upon the banks of the River Petterel is Grayftock Caftle,
an ancient Seat and Honour formerly belonging to the
Dacres-, Near the Caude and upon the banks of Rofe ftands Rofe
Caftle, the Manfion-Houfe of the Bifhop of Cariifle demo-
lifh'd by Olivers Agents but repaired by Bifhop Stem and
my late Noble Friend Doctor Raihebow Bifhop of Cariifle
as alfo by Do£tor.y»i«j& the prefent Bifhop.
On theyNordi about 5 miles diftant from thence ftands
_ the City of Cariifle call'd by the Romans Lugu-baUum ot-Lu,-
lpol'l9s: gu-vaUium, by the Saxons Lues, by the Britains Caer Lua-
"• rfI lid, i. e. a City upon the Wall becaufe it flood fo near
canine. the pms WaU, 0ther Market Towns amj noted placej
arc to be feen in the Map. D A K;

Carlton Hall.

?SherDaughters Kirk Of
wald. Market
Thurfday.
Corby-Ca file.HuttonHall.
Gray- ..
ftoke.Rofe Ca
ftle. L Lieut.
Ch. E of
Cariifle. In2s. Aid
itpays

id

.<»^ 1J1

3 f* * ti 1
ei.fr. ? ? 4 2

DARBYSHIRE. jj
DARB TSHIRE, in Latin Darbio, by the Jrfxo»i Name and
Dearbyfcyre, is an In-land County (bounded as in Situation.
the Map) having On the Eaft Nottinghamjhire, on the '
South Leicefterjhirei on the Weft Stoffordflire, and on the
Nordi Torkfhire'.
It prodtices many excellent Commodities as Lead, Commodi-
Iron, Coal ifl abundance. It is full of Quarries of Free- ties and
ftOne, Greet-ftone, Brimftone, Alabafter, Cryftal, black ProduB.
and grey Marble, Milftones, 25V. Here are Fields of
good Corn, Parks full of Deer, Meadows and Pafture
Grounds to feed Cattle and Flocks of Sheep in the Hill
Country. .The Ancient Inhabitants were the -Coritani, who po£ Jnbabi-
feffed this and the neighbouring Counties of Nonhamp- tants.
ton, Rutland, Leicefter and Lincolnjhire, &c. In the
time of the Saxons it was part Of the Kingdom of Mer*
cia and is now under the Bifhop of Litchfield.
'Tis Water'd in the South by the River of Trent and rivers.
by the Dove that feperates it from Staffordjbire ; on the
North, theCrawloc and the Danvent run from North to
South through die Country into v> e Trent that receives
another Stream upon the Border of the County nam'd
Erewajh. The Air is generally very Wholefome, the Soil is The Air
plain to the Eaft and South, but Hilly to the Weft ahd and Soil.
North,- Fruitful in the Vales, but not fo much in the
Mountainous Part where are the Mines Quarries and
Coal-pits; Here are many Forefts and Parks. •
This County ftretches in Length from North to Extent
Sduth about 34 Miles, and in Breadth from Eaft to Weft, Acres and
in the Broadeft part abort 26 Miles, but in the Nar- Number
roweft 'tis not above five.' it hath fix Hundreds wherein of Inhabi-
are 11 Market Towns; 106 Parifhes, 68006 Acres, & fonts*
bdve 21150 Houfes and 126900 Inhabitants, whereof
aocoo are able to bear Arms.
It fends but four Members fo Parliament; from Dar- Burgefs
, by the County Town two, arid the two Knights of the Towns.
Shire. \n the South corner of this County ate the Ruins bfGreifely-
Greifely-Q.aW\e where flood alfo the Mpnaftery of St. Caftle.
Qlorge, and which hath left a Name to an Ancient and
Knightly .Family, that ftill continues iri great Repute.
On both fides of the Dove ate many Villages, but no
thing worthy of Note; but Ajhbume a Market Town Afhburne
where the Ancient Family of the Cockoins long -floilrifh- Market,
ed, neat to it are divers Seats that have given Names Saturday.
to Ancient Families, Shirley, Longford, BradbUrne, X&i- Remorko-
' j veton, ble Places.

School.

DarbyMarket
Friday,Wednef
day and
Saturday,

34 D A R B Y S H I R E.
veton, Kjdelfton, Croxton. where die honourable Family
of the Curfons have ah Eftate.
Here was Where the Dove jaynes with the Trent, ftands Repan.-
a Priory of dunum,' ot in fhort Repton once a large Town, but now
Auftin- a fmall Village where JSitbelbald loft his life., betray'd by
Fryers, his Subjects, and where Burthred the laft King of the Mer-
now' there cians was degraded, from -his Royalty. At feme diftance
isaFree- from the Trent are the' Remains of Melbprne Caftle a
Royal Scat With a Park, wherein John Duke of Bourbon-
taken Prifoner at Aginc ourt, was kept in Prifon 19 years-
Nothing is hereabouts remarkable befides Chtttefwoftk.
a famous and neat Houfe of his Grace the Duke, of
Devon fl.ire.
Upon the River Derwent, is Darly, in Danijh Deor/iby,
fo named from Dear, for it was a Park ; therefore, the
Town Armes are a Buck Couchantina Park. 'Tis an
Ancient and well built Mayor Towrj, Water'd on the
South by Mertpn. Broke, and on die other fide by the
, River Darweny, having five Churches and a Stone Bridge,
over the Stream, and a beautiful and high Steeple, be
longing to AU-Saints Church. This Town was the re
fuge of the Danes till rife Warlike Virago^Ethelflfdatook
it, and put. them to the Sword; 'Tis now famous for
Malt, and its Ale derived from the Danijh Word, Oelin
Welch Kwrw of which an Ancient Poet thus fpeaks,
Of this.ftrange Drink, fo like .the Stygian. Lake,
Men cajl it Ale, I know not what to make:
They Drink it thick, and.Pifs it wondrous thin,
What ftore of Dregs muft needs remain within ?
On the South Eaft fide, of this Town flood formerly
a Caftle, but now fcarce any Remains left. In AU-bah
lows Church is a Monument of Richard Crajbaw of Lon-
donPSq; who from a low and poor Parentage was ad-
vanc'd to a confiderable Eftate, part of it when he Died
he bellowed upon Charitable Ufes.
About a Mile on the North fide of Darby is little
Chefler, .famous in. the Roman_ time, where diver-s Roman
Coins have been taken up.
Upon the the River of; Derwent is Elwafton, noted for
the. birth of : Walter Blunt, Honourd by Edward IV. with
the Title of Baron Mont\oy; whofe Family was remarka
ble for Men of Learning; and Venue. Between the
Derwent and Erewajhis Rifely a.Seatjaf the WUloughbys,
and. St. Diocre of the Greys. More Northerly is
Codenor where was a Caftle belonging, to. that Family,
and Wwfielda very rich Mannor and a noble Sejat.
Next, is Alfret.on.a_ Market. Town, and upon dredge. of

Of Ale.

littleChe fter.
Elwefton.

Rifeley.
Codenor
Alfretpn
Market.
Mu.nd.ay

DARBYSHIRE. 55
of the County ftarlds. Hirdwick^ where is a noble Man- Hardwick
Con Houfe of the Dilke of Devonjhire. More Northerly.
Chefterfield a good Market and Mayor Town between
two fmall ftreams -appears; 'tis now an Earldom belong- Chefter-
ihg to Philip Lord StonhOp the prefent Earl. 'Tis Situate field Mar-
on the South fide of a little Hill in a Valey call'd Scarf- let Satiir-
dale, fo named from the Rocks which iff Saxon are day.
filled Scirrs that enclofe if. It is Honoured faith the Scarfdale.
Title of an Earldom belonging to Robert Leak Earl of
Scdrfdole. On the Weft of Chefterfield ftands Walton,
where lived the Family of the Foliambs ; and Sjitton,
where Jet the Leaks a noble Family inhabit. At fome
iiftante Ss Bolfover Caftle, a remarkable Seat upon a
riling Ground. Near to this plate is the Peak Hills
call'd by the Saxons Peacland, Rich in Lead Mines, Sti-
bhlm dr Antimony, Cryftal; ,SV. The Peak . Sir- 7& Peat.
rr&Jrrted the Devils Arfe, \s a great Rock or Caftle upon
art 'High Hill, Under which, you may fee a Cave under
Ground of a vaft bighefs, the Arch is very. high. From
Hence a Water runs, that is faid to Ebb and Flow four,
times in an Hour, as the. Well in . the Peak Forreft,
iSd fo' keep its juft Tides. Here is , Eldenbole very
fjjSBiflS wrthih, but narrow ait the enterance; and above Eldenhole
800 Fathom deep. -The Water that falls from the top
petrifies turns to Cryftal and is very White. Here
& alfo Pools-Hole a remarkable Concavity viiited and
admired by8 Strangers. .',... Pools-.
But that which is moft wc/nderful are Buxton WeUs, Hole.
nine Springs' proceeding frorh a R'oCk in the compafs of ]5UXton.
8 or 9 Yards, eight are. Warm and but one Cold : wells.
Thefe Springs tun fr6'm under a fquare Building of
Frefefforic', and about 300 Foot off, receive another hot
"Spring from a' Well iriclos'd' faith four flat Stones call'd
St. Ann's Well. Neat to it another very cold Spring
breaks out of the Ground : Thefe Waters are very
good for Bathing and to Cure feveral Difeafes.
At KjHeflon is a Weil, and at Qu,amdon and Stanly
are Springs of Mineral Waters ; the firft has Cur'dthe Kedle-
Leprofie, and the two laft are of the fame Vertue as Iron Well.
Tunhridg Wafers'. At Vftrkfwprth are two differing Quamdoa
Springy fa near that one may put one Hand in the Hot and Stanly
Spring, and the other in the Cold at the fame time, springs
'Tis the'greateft Lead Market in England. Wirkl-
The other Market Towns ateBakeweU, Tidefvol, Dron- worth
feild, Bolfover, Drawfeild, &c. In this County are many la- Market
mousBridges,B«rro»Bridgof 35 Hone Arches,and where ruefday.
the River Trent joines to Staffer djlnre, Swarkefton Br.dg Bake-well
j: 2 n.ar Market Munday.

l6 DARBYSHIRE.
Tidefwal near a Mile long, part of it is a Caufey. Monks Bridg
Wenfday. over the Dove and St, Maries Bridge a%parby,&.t.
Dronfeild The Town of Darby is dignified with an Earldom.- in
Thurfday. the Perfon of WiUiam Stanley Earl of Darby, and Lord
Bolfover of Man, defcended from Thomas Stanley created Earl of
Friday. Darby by Henry VII. Anno Domi i486. '•
Drawfeild Several Battels have been in this County, the chief
Saturday. at Parby, between the Saxons and the • Danes, where
The Bat- the latter were entirely Defeated^ by Ethelfleda that
tels. noble Princefs. Neat' Chefterfield Henry III. encoun-
ter'd with the Confederate Barons, and took Robert de
Ferrers Earl of Darby Prifoner and after deprived him
of his Dignity arid Eftate. At Burton Bridg Edward II.
overcame Thomws Earl of Lancafter and mariy of the-
Barons,"^. :
The Pol- The Houfes of the Nobility are at Bolfouer the late
l^eSm Duke of Newcaftle'$ Chdtfworth and Hardwick the Duke
of Devonjhire's ; Haddon the Earl of Rutland s; Brecby
the Earl of Cbeflerfields ; Sutton the Earl of Scarfdales,
Shirley the Lord Ferrers; Stanely' the late Lord Fref-
fhevils. , : .
Befides the former wonders of the Peak, and the
Hot and Cold Wells are remarkable, namely that of
St. Arnn's of which the Poet thus fpeaks. -
St Ann's ^nt0 ^" ^m tne fountain facred is, f
Y^!^ With Waters Hot and Cold, its Springs do rife : >
And in its Sulphur Veinsthere's Medicineiies.- 3
Old Mens numb'd Joints, new Vigor here acquire. .
In frozen Nerves this Water kindlettrTire. •
Hither the Cripples halt, fome help to find,
Run lience, and leave their Crutches here behind.
The Barren hitiier to be- Fruitful -come,
And without help of Spoufe go Mothers home,
The Plants Next to thefe are Medicinal Plants that grow wild in
andRari- Darbyjlure, Garden Scurvy-grafs,' Golden Dock, Giant
ties. Throatwort, Hearts-eafe, Red Bilberries andxommon
Ladies Mantle, &c.
Tbe Lord The Lord Lieutenant of this County is the Right
Lieute- Honourable WiUiam Duke of Devonfinre, Lord Steward
nam: of his Majeities Houfehold.
The Pound "This County pays in the 2 j. Aid 1 2006 1.19 s. 10 d.$ q.
Tax. . :

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DEVONSHIRE. 37
DEVONSHIRE, in Latin Devonia, by the Cor- Name and
nifi) Demon, by die W elfin Duffneynt, i. e. Deep Situation.
Vallies, by the Saxons Devonfcyre, is a long and populous
County bounded Eafterly by Sommerfet and Dorfetjlnre, on
the South by the Channel, qn the Weft it confines upon
ComwoUznd on the North it hath the Severn Sea.
It has many Rich Vein's of Tinn, Copper and other Cemmodi-
Metals. 'Tis full of pleafant Meadows, large Cattle, ties, avd
Sheep, Fifh, Fowl and Corn of all forts, and the more for Produfts.*
the extraordinary induftry of the Natives who by Marie,
Lime, Sand and Dung, have mightily enrich'd then-
Grounds. The Sea Coafts abound with Herrings, Pil
chards and other Salt-water Fifh.
' The Ancient Inhabitants were the fame as in Cornwall Inhabi
tant Danmonii. After they were conquered by the Sax- tants,
ons} this County was the Seat of their Weftern King
dom, and is SubjecT: now to die Bifhop of Exeter,
The Air is generally gopd, milder in the Vallies and ^'r "id
near the' Sea, but fharper and extream cold on the top So'lh
of the Hills. The Soil in the lower Ground is Fruitful
and yields plenty of Corn, Grafs, Sider, Perry, &c.'but
the Hills are but Barren , unlefs it be where by Art and In
duftry they have emproved themwithDung and Water.
The chief Rivers are the Ex, the Towridg, the Tame,
the Taw with others to be feen in the Map. TbeRivers.
'Tis a 'large County above 54 Miles in length, and
45 in breadth. In which cbmpaft it contains 3 3 Hun- Extent,
dreds, 38 Market Towns, 394 Parifhes, 19200.06 A/cres, ^-,-es,
56310 Habitations, more than 337860 Natives, about Number of
85000 Men able to bear Arms. Inhabi-
" The Burgefs Towns are Exeter, Plymouth, Plymton, um.
Tptfiefs, Okehampton, Honiton, Bornftople, 1 'avefloek,- Afn> Burgefs
burton, Tiverton, Beralflone and, thefe three Clifton, pawns.
Dartmouth and Hardnes chute two Members more befides
the two Knights pf the Shire ; fo that this County cqm-
miffions 26 Members to appear in our Parliament.
Where ' the River Lid joins with the Tome, ftands
Lidflon, once famous and populous, now a fmall Mar- Rem.tda-
ket Town. About three Miles from thence is Brent ble places.
Ton a- high Hill with a Church Dedicated to St. Michael.
Down the River is Taviftoke upon the Tome where ftands
an old Monaftery built by Ordgor Earl of Devon, de- Marque]*
-ftroyed by the Danes. Here were born Judge GUn- of layi-
iiUe and his Son, and Sir John Maynard, famous Lawyers, i^e »
At the Mouth of the River is plimouth, a noted and z>uu ¦ <y
fafe .Harhour. At the entrance is the Ifland of St. ^'TV
Nicholas where ftands a ftrong Fort upon two Acres "vhtokc
of Ground. ' Our late King Charles fortified this Town ™JJJ

3»
Plimouth Market Munday
andThntf- day.

Tbe Haw.

Plimpton.
Market Saturday.
Modbury Market
Thurfday, King*- Bridge.Saturday.

Totnes Market
Saturday, Withi-combe.

Bery-Po-
mery.Dart mouth. Market
Friday.
Cocking-
ton.

D E V O N S H | R E.
with a Royal Cittadel, having five Baftions and 1 6$ great
Guns. Here are alfo two convenient Docks, and other ,
Fortifications, where are, including the former Guns, no
lefs than 253. Sir Francis Drake was born at Plimouth,
and he and Mr. Candifh fet Sail from hence to difcover
the World. 'Twas formerly named Sutton, and is now
Govern'd by a Mayor and divided into five Wards.
The honourable Charles Trelawny Efq; is the prefent
Governour. In fight of the Town is a Rock nam'd the
How, from whence as the Fable tells us Corineta a fam'd
Champion eaft Gogmagog into the Sea. In the Reigtt of
WiUiam Rufrn, here liv'd Eajpbege a Learned and Mar
ried Prieff , for before Anfelm, Marriage was never Pro
hibited to the Clergy of our Ifland.
In the Land ftands Plimpton a good Maket Town
where the Ruins of an old Caftle yet appears; anci
ently belonging to the Barons of Plimpton', More
Eafterly we meet with Modbury, where formerly liv'd
the Champernouhs, now the Fortifcues. Between this and
Kjngs-bridg is a fair Bridg over the Aune a quarter of a
Mile Long. At the Mouth of the River isSt. Michaels
Rock 7 Acres over. At Xings-bridg is a Free-fchbol
endowed by Mr. Crijjin of Exeter. Near to it is the
Parifh of Dodbrooi Angular for paying Tythe Ale to the
Parfon. The River Dart rifes in Dartkobr, about 20
Miles long, paffes by Daninton, a Barony formerly be
longing to the Martins. The Pofterity yet continues in
great repute wealth and honour in the County. This
ftream runs by Totnes a good Market ToWn. More
Eafterly is Torbay, famous for the Landing of King
WiUiam, with his Dutch Fleet 5 November 1688. Near
to it is Mary-Church the firft that was built in this Coun
ty. Towards Danmoore lies Withicombe where in the 14
Year of King Charles I. in a violent Storm of Thunder
a Ball of Fire enter'd the Church at the time of Divine
Service kill'd 3, wounded 62, overtu'rn'd the Seats arid
did othet- mifchief. At Crewfmorcbard happenM' fuch
another Storm April 1689 : It rent the Steeple, mel
ted die Bells, Lead and Glafs, nothing efcap'd but the
Communion Plate. Near Totnes is Bety-Pomery, Where
was an Ancient Caftle of die Pomeries, and at Dartmouth
is a Haven defended by two Cafties. About two Miles from
Torbay is Cockingon where the Family of the Cdrys have
long lived and the MaUaks enjby a plentiful Eftate. I
cannot but here Lament at the fuddpn Death of Mr.
MaUak, a Youth, a Prodigy of Learning, inftrufted in
Latin, Greek, Hebrew, in the Mabemttids, &c. by his
Grandfather Sir John Collins, More

DEVONSHIRE. 39
More Eafterly is Teignemomh where the French Fleet Or Tin-
Landed lome Men and Burnt the Town and their mouth.
Church-Bible. Here alfothe2J<i»MCameaftiore Anno
800. Within the Land is Cbudleigh a Barony belonging Chud-
to an excellent and wife Nobleman Hugh Lord Clifford. leighAfyr-
About 6 Miles to the Eaft is the River Ifca or Ex, ket Satur-
which rlfiflg in Exmore near the Severn Sea paffes by day.
Tivert/on noted for the SergManufafture and a Eree-fchool Tiverton
we'll endowed, Built by Peter Blundel a Clothier. The Market
Ex receives the Wa,tors °f Columb that gives Name to Tuefday.
Colompton a Town and Market, and the Creden which Colomp-
comesfrom IQnon a Market Town in a rich Soil once atonSatur-
Bifhops See, At Poltimore the Seat of the Bamfeilds the day.
Columb joyns widi the Ex and together runs to the Kirton or
noble City of Exefter in Latin Exonia, in Welch Caer-isk Crediton
Caer-vth and PenT Caer. 'Tis a Mile and a half round,con- Saturday.
tajns 15 Parifhes, near the Eaft Gate is the Caftle call'd Exeter
Rugemount the Seat of die Weil-Saxon Kings and fuc- Market
ceeding Earls, near to it is the Cathedral Built by King WedneP-
Atbelftan, William Warlewasl, Peter Quivel, John Grondi- day and
fan and Edmund Lacy Bifhops of Exceter ; 'Twas 400 Years Friday.
in building. The City is now Govern'd by a Mayor and /f hath had
fourBailifs, was burnt by the Danes, befieg'd by Perkin Dukes,
'Warbeck,s\. Henry the VII. deliver'd his own Sword to Marquijfes
be born before the Mayor with a Cap of Maintenance now the
as. a Reward of his Loyalty and Valour. 'Twas again Earldom.
attaulted by the Cornifb Men and manfully Defended, belongs to
Edward the VI. gave to the City as an acknowledment the Cecils.
of their Fidelity the Rich mannour of Ex Ifland. It
has been the birth Place of Henrietta Mario, youngeft
Daughter of King Charles the I. late Dutcbefs of Or
leans, WiUiam Petre Secretary of State to King Henry Tope-
¦vill. King Edward VI. Queen Maty and Queen Eli^o- ihamMor-
hetht, Sir Thomas Bodley, and other Men of Note. AtletSatur-
the Sea is Topejhama Market Town that fiqurifhes the day.
morefor the itopage of the River. Near Exeter is Heavy- Heavy-
tree a Parifh where Mr. Hooker was Born. Not fartree.
from the Sea is Pouderham Caftle the Seat of the anci- Pouder-
ent and Noble Fam ilies of the Courtneys. More to the ham Caft.
Eaft is the River Otter, that is full of that Vermine. Honniton
It paffes by Honniton and St. Mary Ottery, two Markets, Market
near the Mouth of the River are Budley the birth 1 lace Friday.
of Sir Walter Rawleigh and Sidmouth a Fifhing 1 own. Ottery
On the North Coaft are remarkable Hercules s Pro- Tuefday.
monmy, now Heny Point, Bediford and Bamjiople two Bediford ,
Markets and Trading Townes upon the River Towndg Tuelday.
and Taw. Upon the Sea-iide are Ilfordcombe and Combe Barnrrap. .
manon, two fea Ports, where are Silver and Copper Marto

40

South-
molt .
Saturday,

NorthTaWton.
Woo-
bourri. The oth er
MarketTowns.

Pallaces.

Battels.

TlseHonor,

It pays in
the 2 s.Aid
41291I. 1 1 s. 8 d.
Lord Lieu
tenant.

DE V ON SHIR E;
Mines and ariodier Fifhing Place call'd Linmoutb, where
fuch plenty of Heririg^ are taken, that 600 are often
fold for 12 d. farther in the Land are Southmolton and
Nonhmolton tWo Market Towns'; Near the1 latter a
rich Copper Mine has been lately fotnd that Loads ma
ny Horfes with Oar to Barhftable from thence to be fent
to be refin'd at BriftoU
At North Tawto'n, there is faid to be a Pit of 10 Foot
deep, out of which iffues a Brook before fome great Ca
lamity, as orit of that Bouirn in Hertfordjhire call'd Woo-
bume. Divers noted Plants grow in this County
mentiori'd in Mr. Cambdens Additions; .:
In the Land are thefe other Market Towns; Ax-Aiifler
Mafket Saturday, CuUiton Thurfday, Bampton Wednef
day, Afhburton Saturday, Moreton Saturday, Okehampion
Saturday, Tbrrington Saturday, Houlfworthy Saturday,
Dodbrook Wednefday, Newton Wednefday, Modbury
Thurfday, Bow Thurfday, Chimleigh Thurfday, Hather-
ley Friday, £SV;
The Pallaces are at Wehberry and Potberidge, the late
Dttke of Alhermorle's, Bedford Houfe irt Exceter, Bidefori
the Earl of Bath's ,Chudleigh the Lord Cliffords and the
Bifhop's Pallace.
The chief Battles were between the Britains and the
Saxons, at and near Exceter* Arid at Clyftheath, where
the Comijh-men were routed by John Lord Ruffel, Anno
1 549. LikeWife between the Danes and Saxons; and
in our late Civil- Wars there have been many bloody En
counters in this County.
The County has been an Ancient- Earldom conferr'd
by Henry J. upon Richard de RedveriU^ .but afterwards
King Edward HI. created Hugh Courteney defcended
from the Royal Line of France .Earl of Devdnjhire. He
was fucceeded in his Eftate and Honor by his Children;
and Grand-children , but they being Devoted to the
Houfe of Lancafter, Thomas Courteney taken at Towton-
feild was beheaded at Tork. This Honor fell to Humfrey
Lord Stafford of Sutwhick by the favour of King Edward
IV. but Henry VII. reftored Edward Courteney the heir
Male living of that Family, to the Honor arid Eftate of
hisAnceftors. It continued fometimes in that Family,
but King James I. created Charles Blunt Lord Montyoyi.
Earl of Devonjhire for his good Service in Ireland; brtt
after his Death William Lord Candijb of Hardwick was
made Earl of Devonjhire whofe great Grand-fon a Peer
of known Wifdom, Honor and Vertue, is now Marquefs
of Harrington and Duke of Devonjhire.
The Lord Lieutenant of this County, is the Earl of
Stamford, D 0 R^

Divisions £C HundrecU Tart ff -\

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CAurctL.
DORSETSHIRE. 41
DO RJ E T S H I RE, in Latin Dorfetia, is a Coun- The Name
ty in the Weft of England, bordering on the md Situa'
North mthWiltjhire andSomerfetjhire; on the South it hath tio».
the Englifh Channel, on the Eaft Hampjbire, and on the
,Weft Devonjhire and part of Somerfet.
It yeilds plenty of Corn, Grafs and Hemp; on the
North are many fruitful Hills andfhady V/oods; it a- Commof '
bounds with fat Cattle, Sheep, Fifh on the Sea Coaft tl" fi
and is renowned for the Linnen and Woolen Manufa- Pr°du"t.
ctores, as the Ifle of Portland is for an excellent Free-
ftone ufed in building Churches and other Pallaces of
London. The Ancient Inhabitants were named Durotriges, by
the Britains Dwr Guyr, and by the Saxons, Dorfettan, /„fafc
becaufe they Inhabited along the Sea Coaft, for the ims
word imports as much. It was part of the Kingdom
of the Weft Saxons, and now it belongs to the Diocefe
of Briftol, together with their City, tho' at a diftance
from it. ,
The Principal Rivers are, The Stower, The Froom,
The Piddle. Other fmall Streams belong to this Coun
ty, as Evil, Luddon, Derelijh, AUen and Luckford Lake,&c. Rniers.
The Air is generally very good, as fharp within the
Land on the Hills, as it is Mild and Pleafant near the Air and
Sea Coaft. The Soil is generally Sandy and very Fruit- Soil.
ful ; the North part is Woody, and many Hills covered
with Flocks of Sheep and intermix'd with rich Meadows
and Pleafant Plains and Valleys.
This County ftretches along the Channel, with many
Windings and Turnings, where are feveral fmall Har-^xW^
bors for little Ships, about 45 Miles in length, and a- /tcres
bout 25 where it is broadeft. In this Compafs it con- jjoures
tains 772080 Acres, 21940 Habitations, about 131640 ^ mm„
Inhabitants, and near 36000 able Men for fervice in ^er Qo jn^
War. Here are 29 Hundreds, 22 Market-towns, and habitants.
248 Parifhes.
It hath nine Burgefs-towns, Dorchefter, Pool, Lime,
Weymouth, Melcomb Regis, Bridpon, Shaftsburyj Warham, Burgefs-
and Corfe Caftle, that fends two Members each to Par- j-oms,
liament, who with the two Knights ofthe Shire, make
up the number of 20 Members.
Not far from Devonjhire is, the Town and Harbor of p .ru.
Lime, enrich'd in late days, by a conftant Trade with fy .
France. It hath a Peer call'd the Cobb> a Mayor, Re* £[" *
carder and 16 Burgmafters, of whom the Mayor and Market So*
two, are Juftices of the Peace ; it derives its name from ,
a Stream call'd Lime that runs thro' the Town. Here J'
Landed the lace unfortunate Duke of Mnmcuth with 85
G Men

42

Char-mouth. BurportSaturdays
Market.Abbots-bury. ThurfdaysMarket.Portland.

Weymouth
Market
Tuefdays and Fri
days.
Melcomb Tuefdays
and Fri?
days Mar
ket.CorffeThurfdays
Market.

DORSETSHIRE.
Men and no more, June n, 1685. In a fhort time
his number increas'd to feveral Thbufands at Taunton ,
where he fuffer'd the Rabble to Proclaim him King, by
which act his chief and fober Party were difcpurag'd. He
march 'd to Bridgwater, Wells and Phillips Norton where
meeting with the King's Forces under the Earl of Fe-
ver}jamt. the Lord CburchiU, Coll. Qrk and other Com
manders ; the oppofition caus'd him to Retreat to Bridg-
Wi*er,'and was followed by K. James's Men, whofe- Quar
ters he attempted to beat up at Wefton Moor in the night,
but he and his Party were Routed. The next morn
ing he fled to Men dip Hill with, the then Lord Grey now
Earl, of Tankervilte, and from thence to RingwoOd, where
he was taken and brought to London and Beheaded on
Tower-hill. If his Wifdom had been anfwerable to his Cou
rage, he might have had better fuccefs. The Bloody
Executions and Cruelties of Kijrk and the Lord chief
Juftice Jeffereys will never be forgotten in that Country,
where the poor Mens Limbs were fixed, with their
Heads on Poles at every ftep in the High-ways.
Next to Lime is Charmouth, lo nam'd from a little Ri
ver call'd Carot Char, a. fmall Village renowned in the
Dames Invafion, for their Victories againft K. Egbert A.
831. and K. JUthelwOlf. At a fmall diftance is Brid-
port ,by. the Country named Burpon fituate between two
froallRivers. It was. once famous for making of Ropes
and;£ables fhriShipping.
Near Abbot sbury begins the Bank of Sand, that joyns
Pwthitid a fthall, Ifland on that Coaft, and makes it a
l?en-Ihfula, it was given by Q. Emma and her Son K.
Ediva, the Confeffor to the Church of Winchefter in me
mory of having juftified her Chaftity, by paffing over
nine Red-hot Plough-ffiares without damage in the
Church of Winchefter. This Tryal was call'd Ordeal, Gil
bert deClere Earl of Hereford,, gave other Lands in ex
change for it, and it now belongs to the Crown, and
gives, the Tide of Earl to the.Lord Will. Bentinpk, a Per
fon of great Worth, Wifdom and Honour. A ftrong fort
of Sea weed is call upon this Coaft call'd Ifidis Ploca-
mon. At the mouth qf the River Wey are Weymouth and "
Melcomb Regis divided by a Bridge.and, fituate oh the
North-Eaft of Portland. Weymouth gives the Title of
Vifcount to Tho. Thynne, a Learned Sober and Religi
ous Noble Man of Lcngleaie in the County of Wilts. A
little to the Eaft, is the Pen-lnfula commonly call'd the
Ifle of. Pur beck where ftands Corffe Caftle on the Top of
a Hill, 'tis ancient and was very ftrong but now much de
cayed. It was made a Garrifon for the King .in our late
Qvil

_ DORSETSHIRE. A3
Civil Wars by the Lord Chief Juftice Banks its Propri
etor. Here Jt-.lfrith, caus'd her Son-in-Law K. Edward
to be Murdier'd by Ruffians, to. make way for the Pro
motion of her own Son Etbeldred to the Crown, but this
Crime fhe afterwards endeavour'd to expiate by turning
Nun. Here is yet the ancient Family of the Clavils.
The Mayors of Corff are named Barons. Northerly of
Purbeck ftands at the end ofa large Bay, the Town of Pool.
Pool, a place noted for large Oyfters, and plenty of o- Munday
ther Fifh. Into this Bay runs the River Froom anciently and Thurf-
Frau riling at Evarjhot, it vifits and gives its name to day.
Frampton a Market- town; afterwards it glides along by Frampton
Dorcbefter a neat Town fituate on the Roman Caw fey or Market
Cofway, and on a rifing ground with large Streets and Thurfday.
fair Houfes, anciendy named Dunovaria, deftroyed by Dorclie-
the Danes who have left round about feveral Boroughs fter.
two called Maunbury and Bundbury. About a Mile off Market Sa
ls the remains of a Roman Camp now on the top of a turday.
Hill named Maiden Caftle ; the Froom runs next to Wood- Warha jn.
ford, where ftood in former days a fmall Caftle. Here Market Si-
and at Milbery lives that Worthy and truly Generous urday.
and Noble Gentleman Collonel Strangwais, whofe An- Melton
ceftors came hither from Lancajbire by a Marriage. At Market
the mouth of Froom is Warham a Market-town naturally Monday.
fortified and governed by a Mayor. At fome diftance Bere
is Middleton, or Melton Abbey, founded by K. Athelflan Market
and the Seat of the TregonweUs fince the diffolution,now Wednefday
by marriage come to the Lutterells of Dunfler. Not far
from then ce is a fmall Market-town call'd Bere, where the
ancient Family ofthe TurberviUs lived. Near the Springs
of Froom River is Blackmore Foreft,. now call'd the Fo-
reft of White-Han fo nam'd from a White-Hart that
was kill'd by fome Gentlemen in the Reign of Hen. III.
for which they were fin'd and a Tribute yet pay'd by
the name of White-Hart Silver. On the fide of this '
Foreft, is the Town and Caftle of Shirbum by the Sax
ons Scireburn, a delightful Town on the tide of a Hill,
enrich 'd by the Wollen Manufacture, and much fre
quented, it was once an Epifcopal See now transferr'd Shirburn
to Salisbury ; the Cathedral was afterwards turri'd into Market
a Monaftery. A little Eafterly is the Stour Stream full Tuefday.
of Tench and Eel. It flows by Stunon an ancient Seat & Satur-
of the Lords Stourton, and from thence by GiUingham Forj days.
reft where Edmund Ironfidi beat tbe Danes in'a Bloudy Stourton.
Battle, it runs to Shafisbury the Old Septonia in Brit, caer Gilling-
Poladur, by the Sax ms Sbafterbyryg, 'Tis a great Tho- ham.
row Fare', and hath given die name of Earl to Sir Anthony Shafts-
Ajhly Cqwper created Earl of sha ftsbury 1672, whole Heir bury.
G 2 now /

44 DORSETSHIRE.
Market So- now enjoys the Honor and Title. The Stour comes
turdoy. next by Mamhil to Sturminfter, a fmall Town noted for a
Marnhill Fait, and afterwards to Blandford a Market-town and to
Blandford the ancient place of Vindogladio now Winburnminfter fa-
Market SO- mous in the Saxons time, where lie buried befides K.
turdoy. Etheldred, Gertrude Marchionefs of Exeter, John Beaufort
Sturmin - Duke of Sommerfet and his Wife. On the borders of
fter. Wiltjhire isCramborne andO-«n£or»eChafe,which gives the
Market Title of Vifcount Cromborn to the Earls of Salisbury.
Tlwrfday. This County has been honoured with the Titles
Wimburn of Earl and Marquis, ofmund Earl of See%, was made by
Market WiUiam the Conqueror Earl of Dorfet. A long time at-
Friday. ter John de Beaufort a Son of John of Gaunt, Was created
Cram- Earl of Sommerfet and Earl of Dorfet. This Tide came
born. after to the Greys of Ruthin, but was loft by the Behead-
JFednfday ing of Henry for Treafon, created Duke of Suffolk by
Market Edw. VI- K. James J. gave this Title of Earl of Dorfet
TheHonors to Tho. SockviUe Baron of Buckhurft, the prefent Earl is
Lul worth that noble Lord Charles SockviUe Earl of Dorfet and Mid-
Caftle. dkfex. In this County are Lulworth Caftle, efteem'd the
Abbotfbu- fineft Seat in the County for its fair Profpecl into the
ry. Sea, and delicate and convenient Situation near a large
Market Park. Abbotsbury, Bemmifler jCerne Abbey, Stolbridge, fmall
Thwjdtit. Market-towns.
Bemmifler The noted Battles were at GiUingham Forreft between
Mar ict King Edm. Ironfide and the Danes, where the laft were
Saturday. Routed. At Wittingbam where the fame Danes flew K.
CerneAb- Etheldred. In our late Wars the Country call'd Club
by men rofe up in Arms in this County, and were put to
Market flight by Oliver Cromwell. Here were alfo feveral Ren-?
Wednfiay, counters between-die King's and Parliament Forces in
Stalbridg' thole unhappy days.
Market ' The, chief Houfes of the Nobility are at Hook
Saturday. Caftle, the Duke of Bolton's; Cromborn Houfe the Earl
Everfhot of 'Salisbury's; Shir born Caftle, the Earl of Briftol's; Wim-
MarketSa-barn, St. Giles Ajhleela friery, the Earl of Sbaftsbury's,
turdoy.- , BucklandLotd Pawlet'sWinterbom, St. Martin Froom and'
Pallaces. Whitfeild, the Duke of Newcaflle's, the late Lord HoUes's.
The Principal Fairs are at every Market-town at the
known Seafons in the County. AtSherborn 10 Aug.) at
Dor chefler, Eafler Munday; Woodbury Hill. Fair near the
The Lord Town of Bere, &c.
Lieute- The Lord Lieutenant of this County was the late
riant. Duke of Bolton, now the prefent Duke his Son and
Pound Tax Heir. Dorfetjbire -pays to the Pound-tax, in 2 fhillings in the
Pound i6tf%l. is.od,,
D V #.

"S^S, ALyiidtofhmz . ~ ^\g

1^

imnnmmiiiiiiiuini , pimm
2 \Dear,.,., Tj^/t ^

D UR HAM. 45
DVR^HAM, in Latin DunalYaenfis Ager, is a IVLiri- Name and
time County commonly call'd the Bifhoprick of Situation.
Durham. Its Figure is a Triangle having in the Eaft
theBdgick or Ger»w»,Ocean. On the South the River
Tees divides it from Torkjhire. On the Weft it is fepara
ted from Weflmor I and and Cumberland. And on the North
it borders upon Northumberland.
'Tis a rich County plentifully furnifhed with Corn, •
Cattle, Fruits and Fifh, but its chief Commodities are c?nmf'
Coal,Lead and Iron that in many places are digged out of tl" fi
thebountiful BoTom of the Earth. '"' Prodults,
The Ancient Inhabitants were the fame as in rorkfiiirs , , .
named Brigontes ; a Warlike, Numerous and a Stout Na- Inh*bi~
tion fo ftil'd as fome imagine from their frequent inroads unUm
upon the Borders and their rapacious plundring Hu-
mour,the viotdBrigans yet fignifies Robbers. In the Saxon
Government it was part of the Kingdom of Northumber
land and is now under the Bifhop of the Diocefe who is a
Palatine and hath many Royal Privileges granted firft in
. favour of St. Cuthberta famous Saint, and continued by Therefore
the fucceeding Kings for their Antiquity. call'd St,
The Air is generally very good but fharpon the Hills, Cuth-
colder on die Weft part than near the Sea. The Soil is berts Pa-
fruitful more in the Eaftern part which is Champaign trimony.
than in the North and Weft where the Hills are barren The Air 2?
and not fo full of Inhabitants, but the -abundance of Coal Soil,
that they yield recompences the want of Wood and other
Fewel. The Principal Rivers are the Tees, in Latin Tefa or r/ .
Tuefis the Eaftern Border of the County into which the lbe %lvers'
River Langdon empties it felf with thefe following
Streams, The Hude, the Lune, the Bander, the Skern;
and other Rivulets. The next River is the Were, that
runs through the County and receives the W-afcrop, tie
T^eUop, the Wellop, the Bur op the Gountlefs and other -
Waters. The River Tame that joyns with the Derwent,
the Milkbofn and the Tyne divides the County from Nor-.
thumberland. In length it is about 35 miles, its breadth from North Extent
to South near 30 miles. 'Tis divided into four Wakes ^r" .
that contain 9 market Towns of Note 113 Parifhes"™./"0
610000 Acres. About 15980 dwelling Houfes, near Mobi-
96980 Souls and above 20000 able Men for War, A- ™nn- ,
bove 16 and under 60 years of Age. rln
• The only Burgefs Town is Durham, that hath the towns.
Privilege of fending two Members to Parliament who, ,
together with the two Knights ofthe Shire are all that
come from thence. , " The

A6 DURHAM.
Remorka- The Chief Places in the County upon the River Tees is
ble Places, firft Bernards Caftle, built by Bernard Baliol, Great
Mar- Grandfather to John BaUiol King of Scots. Near to it is
wood. Marwood Park and a Market Town that fupplies the
Market County with Stockings.
Wednef- This River runs by Strethom, the Seat of the Bowes
day. an ancient Family, next by Stainthorp a Market Town and
Bernard on the other fide of the River Rabye Caftle, which is held
Caftle. of the Church of Durham. 'Tis the Seat of Chriftopher
Market Vane~Efqt. Near Selafy the Family ofthe Brakenbury's
Wednef- have long fiourifh'd as the Baron Cognieres did at Sock-
day. " burtie. • At Perfehridge a Roman Altar was digg'd out of
Stretham. the Ground with an ancient Infcription. At fome Di-
Stain- fiance is Darlington, a good market Town well ftored
thorp. with Corn, Fifh, and Flefh. Near to it are 3 Pits call'd
Market the HeU-Kjttles very deep, full of Water, not fo fervice-
Soturdoy, able as that of the Tees. This River runs next by rarum,
Rabye a neat Town and beyond it towards the Sea we meet
Caftle. , with Stockton, a confiderable Corporation and Market
Selaby. for Lead and Butter tranfported from thence to London
Perfe- and other Parts. Near the Sea fhore are Gretham where
bridg. flood an Hofpital, and Claxton the fame name as T. Clox-
Dariing- ton a Learned Antiquary.
ton. At fome diftance appears Hortlepole or Hartlepool a fa-
Market mous Market and fafe Harbour. Along the Coaft are
Munday. feveral Parifh Churches and fmall Villages that yield
Hell- a pleafant Profpeft to Seamen till you come to the River
Ketles. Were, in Latin Vedra,\n Saxon Weort. This River pro-
Yarutn. ceeds from 3 Streams, the WoUop, the K^Uop, and the
Stockton. Burdop in the Weft angle ofthe County and being uni-
Market ted it takes the name of Were and runs through- large
Saturday. Parks and Heaths belonging to theBifhop and by Witton
Claxton. a Caftle of the Lord's D' Euers who were formerly of
Hartle- great Note becaufe they defcended from the moft vali-
popl. ant Families of Clovering, Warkworth, Vefcies and Atons.
Were. At the Confluence of Were and Gountlefs ftands Aukland
Wallop, upon a little Hill,the Bifhops Palace,with a Market Town,
Kellop. the Palace was ruinated by the Zeal of Sr. Arthur Hafle-
Burdop. rig, but repair'd by Bifhop Cofms at the Reftoration,
Witton After many windings the Were paffes at the foot of a Hill
Caftle. where many Ruines appear the Remains ot the City,
Gauntlefs. Vinovium or Binoviumnow call'd Binchefter where Roman
Aukland. Coins and Stones with fuperftitious Infcriptions have
Market been taken up out of the Ground. Next is Branfpeth
Thurfday. Caftle built by the Bullae's, fince poffeffed by the Nevils
B.Cofins. where is Hairum or Hairholm, a Chappel built to the
Vinovium Honor qf Thomas a ~&ecket by fome concern'd in his Death.
now Bin. In the River Were are many large Stones about Batter shy
chefter. »where

DURHAM. 47
where at low Water in the Summer time the Country Branfpeth
Peoplegather a Salt Water Red of Colour, that when Hairum.
harden'd by the heat of the Sun, it turns into exceeding Batterfby.
white and hard Salt.
The River winds almoft round a Hill, where ftands Durham.
the City of Durham, by the Saxons Dunholm, from its
fituation upon a Hill in an Ifland, in Latin Dunelmum.
'Tis well fortified by Nature and Art of an Oval Form.
On the South part ftands die Cathedral, a beautiful Durham
andOld Fabrick; in the middle of theTown, the Caftlebe- Market
tween two ftone Bridges; more Northerly is the Market Saturday.
place and St. Nicholafs's Church. There are Suburbs out -^ 935-
of the City that have their Churches. It feems this
Town is not ancient, the Monks of- Lindisforn be
ing troubled by the Danes, brought hither the Corps
of St. Cutbben, and fhelter'd themfelves in this Woody
Ifland, where Bifhop Aldwin aflifted by Vthred Earl of
Nonbumberland , Rooted up the Trees, and laid the
Foundation of a City and Cathedral, having good en
couragement from the Country Inhabitants, who contri
buted to the Work. At the time of the Conqueft many
of the Englifh retreated hither, but the place being ta
ken by K. WiUiam, he granted many large Priviledges
to the Bifhops, that the Country fhould be a Palatine,
and the Prelates enjoy all the regal Rites and Au
thority as much, and as ample as the King himfelfoutof
the County with Power to Levy Taxes, conclude Peace,
and make War with Scotland, create Barons, coin Mo
ney, hold Courts, pardon Offenders, &c. many of which
Priviledges have been taken away by Hen. VIII. WiU.
Skirlow Bifhop, built part of the Cathedral call'd GaUi- \y. Skir-
lee, David Brus, in the Reign of Edw. III. came with his iaw.
Scots Army, and deftroyed it with Fire and Sword, as Gallilee.
far as Berepark near the Walls of Durham, he was En- Berepark.
counter'd by Hen. Percy, and Will. Zouch Arch-Bifhop of &. d.
Tork, himfelf taken, his Scots routed, and his Nobility Bruce.
Slain. Here are belonging to the Cathedral A Dean
with a large Revenue, and twelve Prebendaries, who
have as plentiful Incomes procur'd to them, by the Fame
and Reputation of Old St. Cuthbert. Of this City, thus-
fpake our Englifh Poets.
Hail happy Durham! Art and natures care,
Where Faith and Truth at th' nobleft height appear,
Unequal Were as by her Walls it runs,
Looks up, and wonders at her noble Sons, (Mourn,
T' whom fhe gave life, and now their death does
And ever weeps o'er Beda's. Sacred Vrti. Beda.
' Below

DURHAM.
Below Durham is Shirburn Hofpital built and endowed
by Hugh Pudfey Bifhop of Durham forthe entertainment
of Lepers.
The Were runs by Finchaie a noted place, and Lum-
ley Caftle, a Barony that gives the name of Lord Lum-
ley to the Right Honourable the Earl of Scarborough.
Oppofite to this Caftle is Chefler upon the ftreet, in Sax
on Con chefler, in Latin Condercum, a ftation of the Roman
Soldiers, from herice the W ere runs by Hilton Caftle into
the Sea at Motiks-Wete-mouth a fmall Tcrwn.
Upon the River Tine is Ebchefler a Village deriving
Ebchefter its name from St. Ebba a Saxon Saint. On this fide
Grabro- the River over againft New-Caftle is Gabrofentum an
other Military Jtation of the Old Romans. Nearer the
Sea is Jarrow anciently Girwy the Birth place of Bedat
And more to the Sea Southerly is Sunderland near the
Wert's nioudi, 'tis a Title that belongs to the Right
Honourable Thomas Spencer Earl of Sunderland. Herej
abouts many Copper Coins of the Romans, and ancient
Heathen Altars have been found in die Earth with In-
fcripdons to their Gods, and with their Inftruments us'd
in the Sacrifices Ingraven on the fides.
Since the firft Foundation of this Bifhoprick, A. 995
there have been about forty Bifhops ; The moft renoun-
ed were Hugh de Puteaco or Pudfey Anthony Bee Patri
arch of Jerufalem, Cardinal Wolfey,Cuthben, TitnftaU,Do-
clor Cofens, not to forget the prefent Bifhop Dr. Natb.
Crew, a Perfon of ancient Nobility and great Honour.
The chief Battles in this County were between the
Danes and the Saxons, between the Englijh and the Scots
A. 1346, at Nevils Crofs where the Scots had a terrible
overthrow, and paid for their Cruelties and Devaftati-
ons,&c. At the Mouth of the River Tine, is a place call'd
Sheals a noted ftation, where our Coal Fleet come to
take in tiieir Cargo.
The Pallaces in this County are Lumlef Caftle, the
Earl of Scarborough's; Hercknowle the'B.atl of Falconberge's
Durham, and Auckland the Lord Bifhop's, &c.
The Principal Fairs, 20 March at Durham, 2 1 July at
Bernard's Caftle; and at other Towns, they have their
known Fairs.
The Lord The Lord Lieutenant of Durham and of Nonhumber-
Lieutc land,eis the Right Honourable Richard Earl of Scarborough.
nant. This County pays to the Pound Tax in 2 s. in the
The Pound Pound, the fumm of 5298;. 17*. 2d. \.
Tax.
MS S M X

48
Shirburn
Hofpitol.
Finchaie.
Lumley
Caftle.Condercum.
Tine.

fentum. Jarrow.
Sunder
land. MarketFriday.

Bifhops.

Battles.

Sheals.Station.PaUaces.

Fairs.

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KHRumMall

ESSEX. 49
ESSEX, by the Saxons named Ea/i-Seaxo, and Eaft- Name and
Sex-Scyre,by the Normans Exffefa, is a large Coun- Situation.
ty and'very Populous, bounded on the South with the
River Thames, and on the Weft with Hertfordjhire and
Middlefex, on the North with Cambridgfinre and Suffolk,
and on the Eaft with the Sea.
'Tis plentifully furnifh't with Cattle, Corn, Fifh, Foul Commr-di-
tame and wild, Cloths, Stuffs, Hops, and the beft Oy- ties and
fters. Here grows alfo a very good Sofron a Rich com- products.
mqdity. The ancient Inhabitants were the Tr'inobantes, who Inlubi-
in Ctfars time were fpread over this County and Mid- touts.
dlefex, &c. In the Reign ofthe Saxons, it belong'd to
the Kingdom ofthe Eaft- Saxons, and is now under the
Bifhop of London.
/Tis water'd with many Rivers and fmall ftreams, the Rivers.
chief, befides the Thames that wafhes the South part,
-Here ate the Stoure that divides it from Suffolk, the Leo
from Middlefex, afld the little Stoure from Hertfordfiure.
Here is the Coin, the Chelmer, the Crouch, aud the^o-
ding deep Waters, full of Fifh and other lefler Rivers.
, The Air is healthful up in the Land," but in the Hun- ^. .
dreds near the Sea, 'tis much inclinable to Agues, but \*-fan
the Soil is there moft Fruitful. The North yields plenty z '
of Safron, 'tis for the moft part a plain .Country, well
fhaded with Woqdsjoand Incfojed.
. ; It reaches in Lengdij 45'i^iles, in Breadth 36. It gxta!t ^
contains 20. Hundreds 1240000 Acres,, about 34800 creslioufes
Houfes, 415 Parifhes; 2 7 Market-towns, 208800 Souls, and.Num-
above 40000 able for the War. ber of in-
,.- The Burgefs Towns ate Cohhefler, Harwich, and Mil- habitants.
. den, which fend fix^Members to Parliament, and the p;urgef ".
two Knights of the" Shire,' are Eight out of this County. jomiu
The mod noted places are, firft on' the ley, in Sox- Remark-
onLyge'an, is a Chafe of vaffi extent, full of Game, and a\,\e pjau.s
the fatteft Deer in the. Kingdom, call'd Ejfex cr Wal- Waltham.
¦ tham Forreft, in.too» Wealdam, a Town li'pun the Ri-
• ver Ley built by oneTonim in the Saxon time, but after
his. jEftate was lavjfhly wafted by his Son, this place
was given by K. Edw. to Harold Earl Goodwills Son,
who built here a Monaftery, and after his Death at Bit-
,itlefield, his Mother beg'd his Body of K. William, and
'Buried, him in this place.. Near to it hCoptholla Seat Copthall
qf the Earl of Dorfet .
Upon-this River, flood Dur'oliium where now is Ley- Leyton,
ton, as, appearshy the ancient Urns and Relicks dig'd out Barking
of die'Earth in thefe -parts. . More to the River is Bar- 'Mtrfct'
Jking a Market-town, and 'where the Roiing runs into saturda,
H the

50 ESSEX.
the Thames, appears the ruins of a-Caftle, built by Rich.
Lucy Lord Chief Juftice in the Reign of Hen. II. Along
by the Thames is a Marfh Land , often overflowed with
Tilbury. Water as far as Tilbury, call'd by Bede Tilaburg,-once a Bi-
Hole Ha- fhops fee, fam'd for Q. £% Carnphere pitch'f in 88.
ven. Here is a ftrong Caftle ; from hence the Ifle of Convey,
ftretches alopg five .Miles to Hole Haven; 'tis often,
- under Water.'
Beamfket Oppofife are Beemfket and Hadleigb, and a Town
Hadleigh. full of Seamen call'd Leigh. Not far from hence is Prk-
Leigh. tleweU, where was a Cell of Monks. Here 'the mouth
Shoobery- of the River widens, and there appears at low Water
nefs. a large Sand call'd Blocktoyl Point and Shooherynefs where
Rochford. the conquer'd Danes He'd for fhelter A. 894. A little
Havering in the Land is Rochford, Having an ancient Seat of our
Horn A b- Kings. Horn- Abbey, where a large pair of Horns were
by, "faften'd at the Eaft-fide ofthe Church. Rumford a great
Rum ford thorowfair-, and a noted Market chiefly for Hogs, Breth-
Market wood anA Engerflon.- ¦ i- ¦'
Wednfdoy. In the Road to COlchefter was the ancient Roman
Brent- Town of Cafaro Magus, now Dunmow where Rob. Fit%
wood. Walter, a powerful Baron, eftablifhed a Cuftom that
Thurfday. whoever did neither repent, nor quarrel with his Wife
Market after Marriage, within a twelvemonth and a Day, if he
Dunmow could confirm it with/an Oath, kneeling upon two hard
Market pointed ftones, fet forfant ptfrplfe in the Church-yard,
• Foulnefs fhould have a Gammon of Bacon to carry home to his
•The Sands. Houfe along with him.
Ithanche- Round the fhoire is FoM/we/J' Ifle adjoining -to Whha-
fter. ker's Beacon, and neer to it is Walfleet Ifle, from whence
Thorn- comes our excellent Oyfters, fome other noted Banks
don. of Sands are on this Coaft, as -Roy Sand' Spits Land, &c.
Billericay. In the Land is the Town of Dengy and Dengy huh-
Market dred and Tiiingham a fmall Tow*u The. County
Tuefday. here is better for Grafs than Health. Up higher was
Afhdown, the Roman City Ithanchefler, fuppofed to be the fame
Raleigh, as Othona, a military ftation for Soldiers to defend the
Market Coaft from Pyrats. More in the Land are South OkindOn
Saturday, that belqng'd anciently to the •Bruins, Thorndori Houfe; 'BiV-
Isrkay a Market-town, and Afhdown, where a defpetate '
Fight happen'd between Edm. Ironfide and Canute the
Dane, where E'dm. loft with his life, his Nobility and
the Viftory to K.Canute; Not far from hence is Ra*
leigh a Market-town where flood a Caftle built by one
Sweno.
Chelmer. The two Rivers Chelmer and FrofimeU empty them-
Thaxted.felves in Bloclwater Bay, but firft the Chelmer wafhes
Market the Town of Thaxted and paffing by, Dunmow, Or Dun-
Frid^ maug

ESSEX. 5i
tnaug or Dunmow a Market-town already mentioned
runs in fight of Plejbeftir Belhoufe the Seat of the Coii-
ftables of England in the Saxons Reign, and in view of
Leef or Leighs Priory, a Seat of the Earl of Mancbefter, Leez.
anciently ofthe Barons Rich. The River v iuts next Chel- Chensford
merford or Chensford, the old Canonium which was either Market
'there, or in the Neighbourhood at Writtle. Friday.
Another River call'd Frofiiwell, Pont or Bhickwater,
rifing from a Spring near Radwinter vifits the rich Par- Frofiiwell.
fonage of BocHng, the Towns of Braintry, Coggejholl and Cocking-.
XVitham, and running neat Wodhom Walters and. NewhaU^3-^1^*
joynes with the Chelmer near Maiden, the old Comolodu- Marke t
num or Camukodunum, in Jajcow Meoldune a Roman Colo- Wednejday
ny, famous in thofe days for being a Station (of old Sol- Cogfhall
diers, and a Temple here erected to the Emp. Claudius, Market
it was famous for the defeat 'of the Roman Army and Saturday.
deft-ruction of8oooc Kill'd by Q.Boadicia, in Revenge of Maiden
the affronts put upon her, u,pon-her Daughters and the Market!
Nobility, by the Tyrannical Lecherous Roman Centur- Saturday.
ions and other Commanders. 0: Boa°*"
The next River is the Coin, which rifing in the North ^a-
ofthe County paffes by Henningham, a neat Caftle, be- ~°}n-
longing to the Earls of Oxford, and a Market-town, and Colche-
runs thro' Haulfted, and Eotlfcoln, where, flood a Con- rte'r.
vent, founded by Aubry de Vere, and enters the Sea fix Market
miles beyond Colchefter, an ancient Colony of the Ro- Saturday.
mans call'd by the Britains Caer-Colin, by the Saxons Co-.
leceafter. -'Tis, a beautiful City , containing- fourteen
Parifh Churches, Handing upon the Rife qf,a Hill, very
Populous, built in the fecond Century by Coilus a Bri
tain, the Birth place of K. LuciutiConfton^ns and ,of He»
lena, the. Emp. Conftantines Mother. It his , fix-Gates,
and three Pofterns, and increas'd in Wealth ;; a «d num
ber of Inhabitants, by fettliaghere die Bays Trade* -and
other Manufactures in Q. Eli\. Reign, but it fufter'd
much in our Civil Wars, When Sir Charles Lucas, .and, . Sir
George Lifle, defended it againft General Fairfax and his
Army; thofe valiant and brave Gentlemen, after the
Town was taken by Famin, were cruelly foot to Death.
Between:thls City and the Sea, is the little Town of St.
Ofith, anciently rtam'dCfoV. It lately helong'd-tothe ]Lord St. Ofith.
Darcy, how to the Earl Rivers: From hence the (hore Nefle
leads us to the Neffe Point, where the Teeth of Giants Point.
have been found fo bigj that one Tooth, would haveStour
made 200 ordinary Teeth. The Land bends towards
the mouth of the River Stour, where a- famous-; fight at
Sea bappen'd A. 884, between the Saxons and the Danes. ,
.Here ftands {Harwich in Saxon Hare-wic, a fafe'. and mrWlcfu'
B' 2 large

52 ESSEX.
Market large Harbour for Ships. This River parteth Ejfexand
Tuefdaf Suffolk, and waters many rich Medows. Near the Spring
Bumfted is Bumfled, and oppofite to Cambridgjhire is Barklow rio-
Barklow. ted for four' great Barrows raifed in remembrance of fome
noted Perfons there interr'd after the Battle with the
Danes ; Here grows natnta\]yWalwort or Dwarfwon with
Red-Berries, fancied to proceed from the abundance of.
the Danes Blood here fpilt. A little lower in tht mid-
.jy , die of the Fields enrich'd with Saffron, is Walden,^.
Walclen Market_town5 not far is ^ai/ey-.^ built by Tho. Howard
marHx Earl of Suffolk, Treafurer to K. James I. a Royal Seat.
Saturday. More t0 tjle South -are Clavering and Stanfted-Mont-
th fitchet, Noted Baronies in former days, and towards
£"",', the Sea are Dedhom and Manningtree. Upon the
Jjeclnam Qoaft we meet ^-^ merfey ifland, containing three
Z'ar,-,et ' Parifhes naturally well fortified, Homes Ifland , Pewel
juej, iy. jfjjjj^^ ancj Ho/fey Ifland, at fome diftance is Clackton,
^cney .where flood a, Houfe of the Bifhop of London. '
P,e', The other Market-towns in this County are Hatfield
Clackton. Markef. Saturday, Hornden Market Saturday, Cheping-
Vnger Market Saturday; Eppivg Market Thurfday and
Friday, Haul fled Market Friday.
V llaces The honour of this County has been conferr'd on the
TC° dv F ^am'l'es °f Mandevilles,' Bohunj, Bouchiers, The Lord
,-?i ,, * Cromwell, The Lord Par, and the D'Eureux, but at the
re. tUM Death tfXbb. D'Eureux Karl of Effex, and Vifc.Here-
- P,r" ford, K. CJ. gave it to the lo^/ ^rfjb. CopelBar'.ofHod-
j?'0J uor'te,stidFi/"c. AUMe* whofe Son die Right 'Honourable
T J3' p, Algernon now enjoyes it.
f M-ii ' s°uth of Harwich ate Thorp, Rjrkley and Woltm, inclu- ,
ch ft ^ed w'*"1 J*c Liberty of the Stoke, where no Arreft
, er* is to-be made, but by a Warrant from the Baylif of that
p^ -j Liberty arid not from die Sherrif.
StokeS it- ^-e ni°ft' note^ Battles were between the Romans in
. ' Cafltr's time, at the paffage over the River from R\ent
into rjfex, where he was oppofed by Cafihelaunus the
Battles Br/t/^ Genera1, The moft Bloody encounter was when
Q. Bo-odicea flew 8cooo •Romans, took and Burnt their
Colbny of Maiden. - Another furious Battle happen'd
be'tween" the Danes and the too»j-, where the firft were
driven to the Water fide at Shooberynefs. Another where
in Edna Iron fide loft' his" life at Afhdown. And we are ne
ver to forget. the frequent Bloody Battles between the
Forces of the King and Parliament and the memorable
The Lqrd Siege of Colchefter.
Lieute- :-The Lord Lieutenant of this County, is, the Right
, pant. Hortourable .Aubrey Earl-of Oxford.
Pound ¦ This County paysin the 2*. Aid 45.503 /. 10 s. 10 d.
Tax. - G LO-

GLOCESTERSHIRE. 55
GL 0 C E S T E RJ H I Rj:, in Salxon Gleanfcefler- Name and
fcbyre, in Latin Gloceflria or Gloceflrer.fis Ager is Situation.
a large Inland County, having cm the Weft Monmouth-
jhire and Herefordjbire, on the North Worceflerfinre, on
the Eaft Warwickfinre and Oxfordjhire, -and on the South
Wiltjhire and Somerfetjhire.
'tis a very Rich County yeilding Grain of all forts, commodi-
Cattle, Sheep, very fine Wool, Butter, Cheefe, Veni- ties mi
fon, Fowls and plenty of Game ; Here are alfo abun- ^roducls.
dance of Woods and Parks, and Iron Mines, and for
merly diey had Vineyards and made Wine, but now
their Orchards afford them good Syder and Perry. inhobi-
The ancient Inhabitants were named Dobuni, it was part Xants.
ofthe Kingdom of Mer da, and now is for the moft part
under the Bifhopricks of Glocefler and Briflol.
Tisblefs'd with the (large Rivers of Wye, and Severn j?ivers.
that runs throw part ofthe County from Worcefler. Se
veral other Streams of Water vilit and enrich this Ccun-
tv ; The Ifis the Churn, the Coin and the Lethe, meet
together near Leachlade, The Windrujhe and die Even-
lod, proceed from hence to increafe the River Thames.
Tbe.Leden, the Avon, the Swilyote, the Caron, and the
Stour, pay their Tribute to the Severn, and Water fome
part of this County.
Itftretdies inLength fromNorth-eaft to South-weft <;o Extem
Milesin breadth near 26,contain ing in that compafs above jcresHou-
800000 Acres, 30 Hundreds, 280 Parifhes, 27 Market- ,-iS m^
towns, 26760 dwelling Houfes, more than 162560 In-"J,HMjer 0f
habitants, near 40000 fighting Men. inbabi-
The Burgefs Towns in this. County are but three, tmu
Glocefler, Cirencefter and Tewkesbury, which fend lkj^ij.
Members, befides the two Knights of the Shire. Towns.
The Air is generally very good, and as wholefome
as any other County in England, and the Soil is reputed ^z> eJJ(i
to be extraordinary Fruitful. On the Eaft part are the Soj^
Hills call'd Cotfwold; feeding many Flocks of Sheep. On
the Weft, beyond the Severn, is the large Forreft of
Dean , between them are the rich Vales of Glocefler,
and towards the North is Everfioolme.
The Forreft of Dean is feparated from Wales, by the
River Vega, or Wye. It was once full of thick clutters of
Oaken Trees, but our late Civil Wars and the Iron AfW^"
Mines, have confum'd the greateft part. Here are abU'
Tuddenbam and WoUoflon recovered from the WefjWyf two?rces'
Brothers, Roger and Giflebert de Clare A. u do. Near uean"
by is Ledney where Sir. William Winter built a fair houfe
arid next to the River is Alvington. From this part ofthe Lydney.
County, H^Ethelftan drove the VVeljh beyond the Wie. Alving-
Not ton,

54 GLOCESTERSrflRE.
St. Bria- Not far from this, was St. Briavels Caftle, where Mi-
vel. hel loft his impious life by the fall of a ftone, when the
Caftle was on fire. • "
Tewkes- The Severn call'd in VVeljh, Haffren, is a large River
bury. the Tyde runs up as far as Tewkesbury. 'Twas a famous
Market Abby before the diflblution, 'tis now noted for three
Saturday. Bridges and three Rivers, and for excellent Muftard that
is htre made and carried about in Balls, Here the Lan-
coflrian Faction was overthrown, and Edward the Son of
K. Hen. VI. had his Brains beaten out ; Thus the Poet.
Where Avon's Friendly Streams with Severn joyn.
Gteat Tewkes burfs Walls, renowned for Trophies fhine,
And keep the fad remains with Pious care,
Of noble Souls the honour of the War.
The River being divided into two ftreams, forms
Alnev tl:e ^ru'tful Iu"e of Alney, not far from Glocefler, in La-
Glocefter t'n Gioverni^ or Cloudioceftrio, by the Britains nam'd
Market Caer G^ovo' 'Twas a Roman Colony, to curb the and*
Wednefdoi ent silures *e Borderers, and then call'd Colonia Glevum.
and Setur-^iS an anc'ent Populous and large City, fituat on the
dail ' ' Eaft Banks of Severn, over which is a fair Bridge. Here
is a Cathedral dedicated to St. Peter, and 12 Parifh
Churches before the Civil Wars , but now reduced
to fix. 'Twas fortified with a ftrong Wall and Ca
ftle on the South fide. Coulin K. of the Weft Saxons,
took it from the Britains, A. 570. It was after ruin'd by-
the Danes. Afterwards Aldred Archbifhop of Tork, built
the Cathedral, where are now a Dean and fix Preben
daries. 'Tis remarkable for its Whifpering place, in an
Arch of the Quire. ' Here lye interr'd two unfortunate
Princes, Rob. the eldeft Son of Will, the Conqueror, and
Edw. II. murder'd at Berkley Caftle, by theorder of his
cruel Wife Ifabel, and the Equivocation of Adam Bifhop
of Hereford. Below the place where the River Avon
runs into the Severn on the Hills near Alderly a fmall
Town,are found various ftones like Cockles and Oyfters,-
how they came thither pufles the Brains of -the Learned
and Inquifitive. Alderley is remarkable for being
Alderley. the Birth and Burying place of Sr. Motth. Hales known
amoflgft us for his skill in the Law, for his Juftice, Learn
ing and Integrity. ' The paffage over the Severn was op-
Oldbury. Ppfite t0 Avm at Oldbury where are the figns of a Ro
man Camp but now 'tis at Auft a village Lower call'd
Auft-Clive, becaufe ofa high and fteep'defcenf. When
pu«- K.Erfw.was here, ancXTeolin Prince of Wdlei at Bethefieyi
, unve. and the ]atter fcorn'd to crofs over to confer with the
King, Edward ventur'dover to him,- which tondefcen- tioii

GLOCES.TERSHIRE. 55
tionfo prevall'd upon the proud Prince, that he advanc'd
into the Water to carry him a Shore from the Boat, and
flung of his Robes to fet him on the Ground, where he
did him Hommage.
On this Shore is Thornbury, where the Foundations Thornbu-
ofa Magnificent Caftle, were begun by Edw.Dake ofry.
Buckingham beheaded by K. Rub. 'tis now a Mayor Town
and a Market. At fome diftance from the River Avon
is Puckle Church, where Edw. K. of England, was kill'd Puckle
by a Dagger , when he thought to have parted Leof Church.
a great Robber , and his Sewer that were fighting.
'Tis now the Seat of the Dennis's an honourable
Family. Near to this place are Winter bourne , lately Winter-
belonging to the Btadfions, Alton a noted mannor, Der- bourne.
humot Deorham, Where Ceaulin in a Bloody Battle flew Acton.
three Brittifh Princes Commeail, Condidan, and Fariemeiol
with a Multitude of the meaner fort. Here are yet vi
able Rampires and ,Trenches, the figns of War, and-
Camps that were here pitcht. The mannor now be
longs to a worthy Gendeman Will. Blathwayte Efq; At
a fmall diftance is. great Badminton, a fine Seat of the <- ,,
Duke of Beaufort, much beautified and enlarg'd by the "A1 , ry
late Duke. Below the Hills is Chipping Sudbury an an- 1 • // c
cient Baylif Town, but fince made a Mayor Town, 1681 i^lfs
where is a Free-fchool. Next is Wotton Vnderhedge M . on
famous for Ctofthing, where are a Free-fchool and an fyf/"
Almes-houfe, well endowed by feveral Benefactors. In ]}urjvv
this bottom is Durfley. an anciemt pofleffion ofthe Berk- Muri,gJ
Jy's of Durefly, a Market- town full of Clothiers, near to pkurfdat
itftood I(ingmmdi\DbY ofthe Ciflercian etdet. On die™ ^ //'.
Hhis is Beverflon Caftle , formerly the Berkley's now Tpjk,,rv '
Sir Will. Hicki's Baronet. A little farther is Tebury ^„fdJ
a noted Yarn.market, where are a Free-fchool and an ^ar^et
Almes-houfe,- erected by Sir Will. Romney.
In the North'.part of the County near Cotfwold Hills, -
is Camden a Market-town, famous for Stockings, where
the Saxon Kings had a Gongrefs, A. 689. to confute how r.arn,
to carry on the War with the old Britains. At a lit- fjffa.,
tile diftance are' Weflon and Hales, where flood a Weal- '' Wnejaay
thy and Floarifhing Abby, built by Rich. Earl of 'Cornwall
and K. of the •Romafts, A. 1246. Sudley a Seat of feve
ral honourable Families fucceffivelv; Toddington the Habi
tation of the Trades ; Wichcomb where was an old Ab
by ; lower is Brinesfield a place of fome Repute in for
mer days. On the borders of Oxfordshire ftands Stow in Stow
the Woulda poor Town, without Wood, Water »r com- Thurfdays
mon Fields, yet here is an Alms- houfe and a Free-fchool. Market.
HeteK. Charles's Forces were routed by the Parliament Army.

56 GLOUCESTERSHIRE.
Army. Near the Town is a Roman Fofife leading outof
Warwickffire. Not far off is North Leach, a Market-
town, witha neat Church and Grammar-fchool, found
ed by H. Wefiwood Efq; whofe poverty afterwards r>
blig'd him to delire the School-mafters place, but was
c, . . denied by the Truftees, A little Southerly is Cirencefler
V ' in Latin Corinium or Cornovium, in BrittainCaer-corran
/vr'rf v ancient Town and a Roman Station or Colony, taken
dTb r ^com the Britams bv Ceaulin the Saxon who routed their
ana imirj- Army_ It fe]t the Fury ofthe Danes, commanded by
¦?' ' Gurmundm, or Grifmund, whofe Tower is yet to be feen
on the Weft fide. - The Churne River waters it, anda-
Sapperton k°ut f'x m''es °$ j°y ns with Ifis. In the Town are two
Fairford. fine Seats, the Earl of Newburrows and Thomtut Moflers
Market Sa- Efq;- At Sapperton Sir Rob. Atkins Kt. of the Both had
turdoy. a fair Houfe, at Fairfordisa beautiful Church, at Rend-
Redcomb combe Sir John Guyfe Bat. built a good Fabrick, and at
Warw. Warwick Court Andr... Barker Efq; poffefs'd a ftately
Houfe.
The Honor This has been an ancient Earldom belonging in the
Gonquerors time to Bithrick a Saxon Lord of Glocefler. Af
terwards Rob. NaturalSonof Hen. I. was made Earl of
Glocefler. The honour came next to Geoffery de mon.de-
ville, to Almoric Son to the Earl of Eureux, to Rich, de
Clare, Earl of Hertford, to Hugh de Spencer, to Hugh de
Audley, to Tho. of Woodftock Edw. Ill Youngeft Son, to
Tho de Spencer, to Humfry Brother to Hen. V. a great
Patron of Truth and Learning , murder'd at St. Edm-
mundsbury. He was Duke of Glocefler and afterwards
Richard the III." was before his Coronation Duke of
Glocefler, fince this Dukedom has belong'd to the Sons
of England or ofthe Royal Family. The other noted
Towns are Leonards Stanley Market Saturday, Wickware
andDeon-mognaMork.Mun.Panfwick,Horton,Mincing-homp- ton, Marjhfield and Leechlade, Tuefday, Blackly Wed
nefday, Cheltenham, Chipping- Sudbury , Stroud, Wottoii,
Newent, and Newnham, Friday.
Pallaces. The principal Pallaces are at Badminton, Wollofton, the
Duke of Beaufort's ;Stowel, the Earl of Stafford's; Berkly
Caftle, Earl of Bekerly; Camden Houfe, the Earl of Gains
borough's; Gorfe-Court and Cockbury Earl of Coventries ;
Ovemorton Vifcoiint Say and Seal's, Rjmptford,V]fzomt
Weymouth's, Glocefler Pallace, the Bifhqp's, &c.
The Lord The Lord Lieutenant is, the Right honourable Charles
Lieute- Vifcount Durfley.
riant. This County pays in the 2*. Aid 23761 I. 6 s. <d.
The Pound '
Tax- HAM-

JM iNi ,lSl N ™*J Is* S >« k» ,1-* >
it'

HAMSHIRE. 57
HAMS HIR^E, or Hamjhire, or the County of Name and
Southampton, formerly Hanttmfcyr, in Lat. Homo- Situation:
nienfis Comitatus is a Maritime County, having on the Eaft
Surrjfand Sujfex, on the Weft Dorfetjhire, on the North
Barkfinre, and on the South the Channel.
"Tis rich and fruitful, yielding all manner of Grain* Commodi*
Wool, Wood, Iron, Fifh and Flefh, chiefly the Sea Coaft ties and
abounds in Oyfters and Lobfters, and all mariner of Salt- Produlls.
Water Sea Fifh. Here Cloth and Kerfeys are wrought
but this County is particularly fam'd for excellent Hony,
and the fweeteft Bacon in the Kingdonii
The firft Inhabitants of the inland part Were named Inbobi-
BHga, Meanvari & Segontiaci, as thofe of the Maritime tarns.
were call'd Regni. This County belong'd to the Weft
Saxon Empire, and is under the Bifhop of Winchefter.
The Air is very wholefome, and the Soil is various ; Air and
fome gravelly, fome chalky, but generally covered with S0il.
abundance of Trees. Here is the1 famous New Foreft,
^NheteWiUiam the Conauercur demolifhed 36 Churches
and Parifhes to make it fit for his Sport and Pleafure ;
But fome of his Pofterity paid for this Sacrilege by the
Lofs of their Lives. It hath nine Walks* and as many
Keepers; two Rangers, a Bow-Bearer, and Lord
Warden. 'Tis reckoned in Length from North to South 46 £Xte„i
miles , in Breadth from Eaft to Weft 30 * to contain jcres
1312500 Acres, 39 Hundreds, 253 Parifhes, 20 Mar- jjoures
.ket-Townsj 26850 Houfes, near 162350 Inhabitants, a„dnum-
and about 53750 Men fit for War. rgr 0r /„-.
The principal Rivers are, the Avon, the Stower, the habitants.-
Tt%, the Itching, with a great many leffer Streams. Rivers.
• Ahe Burgefs Towns are, Southampton, Winchefler,^ '^_
Poiifmouth, Petersfield , Stockbridge , Chrisf-Church, Lem- p0Vi!nSt
rm'igton, Whit-Church,' Andover , which fend two Mem-
bf -?s each to Parliament, befides the two Knights of the
Slfte; the whole amounting to 20 in Number.
fhe Avon or Alaun entring the County Wefterly; 27e/Jn6«-'
comes to Cerdick's Ford, now Cbardford, for here Cerdick 0ft(,e
the Saxon deftroyed an Army ofBnwi»j,having fometime countrVn
before Routed Ndtan their Prince near Netly, that partly Qhatd-'
preferves his Name. It paffes next by Regnewood or fonj#
Ringwood a Market-town, it meets with the Stour at RinL
Cbrift-Church now a Market-town, formerly noted for a wooci#
Caftle and a College of Prebendaries. On the Eaft Jfide ^ ^-*
ofthe Avon is the New-forreSi, where Walt. Tirrel kill'd Qttjft-
Will.Rufus, his Brother Richard ended here his days, and church.
Henry, the Conquerour's Grand-child,following his Sport;
hang'd himfelf in a Tree. In which Inftances are remark-
I able

$8 H A M S H I R E.
New-Fo- able , the Divine Vengeance for robbing God of his
reft 50 Churches, and 'the People of their Habitations. Here
Miles in is Malwood Caftle the ruins yet remain, and an Oafcthat
Compafs. buds on Cbriflmm day, and withers again before night,
Malwood 'tis faid that Timls Arrow glanc'd on that-Tree. In this
Caflle. Foreft is Godjlil, where the remains of a Camp appear,
Godfhil. and upon the Sea-fhore, Coljhct or Caldfiiori Caftle, built
Caldfhore by Fieri. VIII. where die Saxoas once landed. Of this
Caflle. Foreft fpeaks the Poet,
Towns, Fields and Churches, took from God and Men.
A fpacious Foreft made in Beaulieu-Vhin.
The King a Hart, Vengeance the King purfo'd,
And Tirrels's Arrow drunk his guilty Blood.
This Bewlieu was a Monaftery near the Foreft, built
B;auheu. an(j rQ name(j by j^jng jo^afterwards a ban&uary for all
„ offenders. On the Sea-fhore is Hurfl Caftle, to defend
5:Ua, the Entrance of the Haven, Trifanwn or Tmiib Antm
Caftle. which by corruption, might probably give the name to
oouth- tjje Qty 0f Southampton, once a flourifhing Town of great
ampton -j-ra(}e) ftanding very Commodioufly to Correfpond with
rtZ-j Foreign Parts by Sea. It was of fome ftrength having
n" ftrong Walls and a Caftle, but now 'tis much deeay'd ;
It hath five Parifh Churches ; 'twas ruin'd by, the Danes
and burn't by the French in die Wars, Rich. ll. rebuilt
it, and Hen. IV. made it a Mayor Town. 'Twas an
ancient Roman Station, and then call'd Claufentum.
Teft.Tt. In the Weft part of the County the River Teft, anti-
Andover ently Ande or Anton, rifing in Chute Foreft , runs to
M.S. Andover a good- Market and Paflage Town into the
Quarly Weft of England, where is a Free-fchool and anHofoi-
Hills. tal, at fome diftance, are Quarly Hills where is a Roman
Whorwel. Camp. This River runs next to Whormel, where flood
Wallop, a Monaftery, built by Q_. JElfrHh to exprat for Murde-
Rumfey ring Earl Athelwold her Son in Law ; In its Pfogrefs it
M. S. meets with a ftream ca\\edi.WaUop that gives name to
Redford. an ancient and formerly to one Of the three Wealthi-
Alresford eft Families of our Nation. It pafles by Brige or Bugt
M. Tu. to Rumfey where was a Nunnery, and from thence en-,
ters Hampton Bay at Redford or Redbridge where was an
ancient Monaftery. On the other fide of Southampton
,i7. ,. 2ie, ?-iver Ahc co^aes froiu Jlkesford, at fome diftance is
Wmche- Tichborn that gives name to a Worihipful Family. On
fter.M.r. the Weft fide, and upon the River Itching ftands Win-
® S. chef ter m Latin Wintonia anciently Vettta Btlvamm by the
Britains Caer Gwin the White City. 'Tis a Bifherosfee
tn« ofthe ncheft in England nowpoffefs'd by that no ble

HAMSHIRE, 5$
ble Prelate P. Mew, whom I niehtion for his.Loyalty,
Courage, Valour, Learning and other known Vertues.
It was one of die chief Roman Cities, a Royal Seat in
1 the Saxon's time. 'Twas made a Bifhoprick 660 by K.
Kingil, the firft1 Chriftian King of the Weft Saxons ; it
was bnrnc by the Danes, and in the Civil Wars of K.
Stepb. It has five Parifh Churches and a Noble Cathe
dral, dedicated to the Bleffed Trinity. Here, lie Buried
feveral of our Kings and Princes ; and here is alfo a fine
Hall for the Affues, where K. Arthur's Round Table is
hang'd up. The College was built and endowed by Will.
of Wickham, for a Seminary to New-College in Oxford, Here U .%
alfo founded by him. Here are alfo a Dean, and Preben- Warden,
daries with Plentiful Revenues. On the Hill the ruins 10 Fellows
of a ftrong Caftle, and not far from it, is the Hofpital 2 Moflers,
of St. Croffts ; It was formerly an Earldom, hut now the 70 Schol-
Dukeof Bolton is Marquis of Winchefter, the Bilhopsof to.
Winchefter are always Chancellors of the Arch-bifhop ofSt.Croffes
Canterbury, and Prelats of the Garter. Hofpital,
Eaft of Winchefter is the River Hamble, where two Hamble.
Tides feem to meet and oppofe one another at certain
times. At fome diftance is Waltham, a fine' Seat of the Waltham.
Bifhop of Winchefter' s, On the fide of -a Foreft of that
name, Water'd by a Rivulet rifing at Wornferd. Not
far off is the Stream call'd Bere running by Wickham, a VVickam.
Seat of the Earls of Cariifle, and near to it is Tichfield, a Tichfield.
Houfe ofthe late Earls of Southampton theWriothefleys.
To return to the Sea-fhore, we meet with Spitbeod Snkhead.
and St. Helens Point, where our Royal Navy ride at An
chor between England and the Ifle of Whight. And in
fight is the ftrong Magazine Town of Ponfmoutb built Port£
Upon Portfe, Ifland 14 Miles in compals, joined to the mouth.
Land by a Bridge on the North. It was fortified by M'lb&s,
Edw.VJ. Hen. VII.. and Q, £//^. but K. Charles II. has
made it impregnable. Two Block Houfes fraud in the
entry in of the Haven ; and here our Ships of War are '
furnifh'd with all Provifions, from the. Store-houfes,
Yards and Docks, &c.
Towards the Sea are two lflands, Haling and Thorney, Haling.
and in the Land Havant lately a Market-town and War- Thorney.
blington a noble Seat. Hereabouts lived the ~Meanvari, Meanvari.
an ancient fmall Tribe of the Britains, who border
ed upon the Segontixci who lived near Alton a Market- Segontia-
town. At fome diftance is Bafingftoke, where upon the ci.
Hill is a Free-fchool and a neat Chappel now decayed Alton
dedicated to the Holy Ghost, by Will, the firft Lord Sands. M- S.
Here was a Cruel Battle between the Saxons and the Bating-
Danes, Annoys.. About aMile off is Befing, where flood ftokc.
I 2 zM. If.

6q

HAMS HI R E,

Hack-
wood.Odiam

M.

a glorious and large Pallace, Garrifon'd forthe King by
its owner the Marquis of Winchefter, but demolifh'd by
the Parliament ; Here is yet convenient Lodges repair'd
by the late Duke of Bolton, who has a neat Houfe, at
Hackwood Park about a Mile from thence, and On the q-
ther fide of Bafingftoke vie meet with the Vine, the late
Seat of the Lord Sands's. More Southerly is Odiam, an
Mark" Sat. old Town, famous for a Royal Caftle, defended by 1 3
Silcefter. Englijh 15 days againft Lewis the Dauphin of France and
his whole Army ; Here David II. King of Sc ots, was kept
Prifoner. A little higher is Silcefter, anciently Vindo-
num, and by the Britains <Caer Segonte, where the Segom
tiaci had their chief Seat. Here K. Arthur was Crown'd ;
but this old City felt the Fury of the Saxons and ofthe
Danes, fo that fcarce any thing is here to be feen but
theltuins under Ground of its ancient Splendor, and fome .
Roman Coins of Conftantine which are call'd onion-pennies,
from Onion whom fome fancy to have been a Giant who
hath left here his name to a Hole, nam'd Onion's Hole ;
Here are two Roman ways, one that leads directly to
Winchefter, the other paffes Weftward, thro' Pamber a
thick Foreft to Lichfield and the Foreft of Chute.
More Northerly is JQngs clear, a Royal Seat of the
Saxons now a Market-town. A little farther is Sidman-
ton, a Seat ofthe Kjngfmils, Knights, and Burgclear, on
the top of the Hill is a Beacon and Military Camp, as
alfo upon Comhill at Weftwoodhay near Barkjhire.
The other Market-towns are Lemmington on die Sea-

Roman.
, Caufeys,

Kings
clear. M.Tu.
Sidman ton.
Burgclear

Weft
woodhay,Other M.
Towns.
Pallaces.

fhore Market Saturday, Petersfeild Saturday, Stockbridge
Market loft, Whitechurch,&c.
The Va\\aces,Bafing, Hackwood and Abbotftone the Duke
of Bolton's; Fornborough Place, the Earl of Anglefey'si
Rockborn Houfe, the Earl of Shaftsbury's; IVhrweU, the
late Lord Delaware's; Molcejfont, the Lqrd Sands's-' Bre-
amore, Lord Brooks's; Waive fey Houfe in Winchefter- the
Bifhop of Wincbefter's. •/>"*=
Honour. Several Perfons of Honour have been dignified with
the Title of Southampton, the Bifhop s of Winchefter were
formerly Earls of Southampton ; in Will, the Conquerour's
time, Beauvouvias'EatlofSouthampton,andin Hen VIII-
WiU.FitxWMams,ontEdw. the VI. made Tho.Wriotbtteti
Lord Chancellour Earl of Southampton. Since K. Charles'
II. created Charles Fit^ Roy his Son by the Dutxhefs of'
^i«2S££ **"*"* Earl of Chi^> *&
Itte^ Bolot ^ LiCUtenant B hiS Grkcetl* Dnto *
T^ tax TWS C°m rayS t0 thC 2 fc Aid* 27594/- 3 *. otfi
the'

*^i&*

Yarmouth te
i Slutyufiete

. Jyvf°ft f J, Ifar*' &*> -° iy^ i^fe*, ;'V?- .#?//««¦

Camp ton

3u~V

gv.-^t'^o"

lenfyridge

Uub'pr Cliff

(r^Wobirertan
S/wt-on j — * — •

'daaetr

~\ ^ *^J> Ca titer we Mm
\^ 

®%

THE
IJlands of Whight, Jerfey, Guernfey, Sark,
Alderley, &c now belonging to the Coun
ty of Southampton.
TH E Ifle of Whight, in Latin, VeclaVetlis, and Ve- Tee Nome
tlefis,by Ptolomy 'Ovi/lims, by the Britains Cunt, a id Situ a-
by the Saxons Wvitland, or Witl-Ea, is feparated from the tion.
Main-land by a very narrow Channel, call'd formerly
Solent. 'Tis of an Oval figure, about 20 miles in length,
and about 12 broad in the middle of the Ifland.
'Tis fruitful in Corn, Grafs and enjoys plenty of Sea- Commodi-
fifh, Rabbets, Hares, Partridges, Pheafants, &c. It has t es and
one Foreft and fome Parks, well furnifh'd with Deer. Produlls.
The middle ofthe Ifland has a ridge of Hills, well ftor'd
with Flocks of Sheep, the Wool being exceeding fine.
The Northern part has rich Meadows, and plenty of
Wood, as the Southern Fields are lull of good Corn more
than does ferve the Inhabitants, and ftifficiently to fup-
ply the wants of Portfmoutb and other Markets. The jyivw0,u
Seafo thrufts it felt upon it from the North and Eaft,
that it makes two lflands therefore diftinguifh'd by the
names of Frelh-water Ifle, and Binbridge Tile?? or Eaft and
Weft Meden.
It has 36 Towns, Villages, and Caftles, about i<oo F-rtreffis
Families, 5 6 Parifh Churches. 'Tis all encompaffed round and
with Rocks particularly towards France. The moft no- suengtk.
ted are the Shingles, the Owers, the Mixon, the Brambles,
the Needles fo named, becaufe they are fharp, and there
fore 'tis inacceflible to an Enemy unlets it be towards^
the North-eaft, where it appears more Level. 'Tis
part of Hamjbire, and is under the Jurifdiction of the
Bifhop of Winchefter. It lies about 3 miles from Hwft-
Caftle, and hath three principal Market-towns, and as
many Burgefs?Towns Newport , Newton and Tormouth. fjJt)l.:„er-
The Inhabitants boaft of their happinefs above all other " ^'
People, becaufe they fay they have never been Molefted
by Monks, Lawyers nor Foxes.
The places that deferve to be mentioned, aie New- Noted Pi -
port, the chief. Market-town , with a fmall Haven, \nces-
Latin Medeno and" Novus-burgus de Meden. Caefesbrok Newport.
an old Caftle, in- Saxon 'Wight gara bergh, from VVikgar M- W.S.
a Saxon Prince; 'Tis remarkable for having been the-Pri- Caere!.-*
fon of our unhappy King, Charles the Firft. 'Tis fatuat brok..
in

62
Brading. Newton. Yarmouth. Cows.Sandham Bay.

Honor.

Scituation

Govern*ment.
Their Arms are
Gules3le- opords paf-
fmt gar-
doni Or.

The Ifiuids of Whight, Gerfey, &c.
in the middle ofthe Ifland, and enjoys many Privileges.
Brading is another Market-town, and Newton and Tar
mouth are other Mayor-Towns, Tarmouth lies on the
North weft Coaft, fortified with a Caftle and a Tower,
call'd Worfley's Tower. Quarre .and Godjhill are noted
places, but efpecially Weft and Eaft Cows at the entrance
of Newport Haven.
In the South-eaft is Sandham Bay, where a Caftle de
fends the entrance. But tho' this little fpot of Ground
has fo many ftrong tallies and Forts, the fkill in Arms
and the Courage and Number of Inhabitants who have
been exercifed, are reckoned to be the greateft Strength
and the beft defence of the Ifland, for they can raife a-
bbve 4000 or 5 oc o wellDifciplin'dMen under their feveral
Leaders, they being divided into 1 1 parts, overeach there
is a Centurioa who hath under him Vintons inferU
Our Officers, befides they have feveral Beacons where
they keep Watch, to give notice of the approach ofan.
Enemy. Vefpofion was the firft that Conquer'd this IflandJ as
Suetonius tells us. After him Cerdicies the Saxon, whofe
Deputies put all the old Inhabitants to the Sword, Bi
fhop Wilfred was the firft that preach'd here theGoipel.
William Fit^ Osborn fubdued this Ifland, and was by
Will, the -Conqueror made Lord over it. Afterwards
it was bellowed upon the de Ripariis Earls of Devon-
fioire, but Hen. VI. made Henry de Beaucbamp Earl
of Warwick, King of the Ifle of Wight, and in the Reign
of Hen. VII. Rich. Widevile Earl of Rivers received it
with the Title of Lord ofthe Ifle of Whight.
The Governour of this Ifland , is the Right Ho
nourable the Lord Cuts, who commands the Gar-
rifon. Next to the Ifle of Whight Jersey or Jerfey, in Latin
Caforea (from Cxfar, who when he had conquer'd the
Gauls gave it his name) deferves to be mentioned. 'Tis
an Ifle nearer to the Normandy Coaft than to England,
but belongs to Hamjhire, and is under the Jurifdiction
of the Bifhop of Winchefter, having for its Ecclefiaftical
Government, a Dean, and 11 or 12 Minifters; and for
the Civil a Baylif with 12 Principal Men of the. Ifland
call'd Jure\ or Jurors to adminifter Juftice. Befides thefe
here is a Governour, a Deputy Governour, and Cap
tains commanding the feveral Garrifons. The prefent
Governour is the Lord Jemin. The Wanders have this
privilege to appeal in all Cafes of Wrong or difficulty
to the-King and Privy Council, -

The

The Ipnds of Whight, Gerfey, ire. 6 $
The Ifland yields plenty of , Fifh, Fowl and Corn, but Commodi-
is famous for Syder , Perry, and for the Manufacture, ties and
from thence call'd Jersey Stockings, for the Inhabitants Produlls.
have a quicker and fpeedier way of Knitting than other
Countries. 'Tis a beautiful Garden fo well improved and fo full
of Inhabitants, that I know no other Land that deferves
to be compared to it. They reckon 3303 Houfes in
the Ifland, 19818 Inhabitants, and about 5000 fable to . ,
bear Arms. The Air is pleafant and mild, the Soil " *'
r'.ch and fo natural for Fruit-trees, that every Cottage
can prefent you with a Glafs of Syder ; It has rarei and
large Fruit, growing in the very Hedges.
'lis about 30 miles round, about 4 in breadth, andExtent.
about 9 miles in length, having 12 Parilh Churches, and
one . chief Market-town call'd St. Hilary's the place of '
my Nativity, many other Villages are fcatter'd about
the Ifland. The Inhabitants have but little Wood,
but there is a Sea Weed which they fetch from the Shore
that ftipplies this want, they call it-Vraic The Coaft pcrpe/r
is fenced round with fteep Rocks, and have many a- -r0 /,e 'reen
bout the Land difcoverable at Low- water. On the Eaft in x\xMop.
ftands a ftrong Caftle upon a Mount, advancing into
the Sea, cali'd Mount Orgueil, or the Proud Mount, but mQKnt
on the South is the ftrongeft Caftle for fdr.uat.ion, now Orgueil.
belonging to England, called Elizabeth Caftle, built in Elizabeth
Queen Elitt, Days, 'tis alfo nam'd L' If let or the Little Caflle.
Ifland, built upon a Rock and Ground in the middle of
the Sea at the entry of St. Aubin's Bay, almoft out of
the reach of Bombs, neither is there any paffage to it
on foot, but at Low-water. . Oppofite to it nearer the
Town of St. Alhans, is another Caftle call'd La Tour, The Tower ^
The Tower, indifferently ftrong, by reafon of the Tide
that forrounds it. _, , .
The Iflanders have always exprefs'd their Zeal,Affet1i- 'J"r ^'
on andLoyalty to, dieCrown of England; this Ifland having ¦''
been the retreat of fome of our Princes, when fore'd to
fly from their Enemies,namely of Henry VII. when he fled £!?.^
into Britany , of K. Charles when Prince of Wales and °J J.
his Brother the Duke of Tork, and was the laft that Yield- ™ . '
ed to the Parliament Forces under the command of Ad J®6"" Ytr
miral Blake, and Collonel Hains, Sir. George Carteret be- [0"r-
ing then Governour who would not Surrender the Ca- *»'»ow
die Eli?, till he had his orders from K.Charles thefe- m mvor
cond, then at St. Germans after Worcefler fight. They &v™ t0
have often beat off the French, who have feveral times fi.**
attempted to Conquer this Incomparable m'oft Bieffed v'l'ers &•
and moft Fruitful Ifland. In confideration of their fer- °J ->erzey
vice

64

St. Peter'
Town .
Cornet
Caflle.' StrangePrefervd-
tion.

Government.

Sark.

Alderney, Ornier.

The Ipnds of Whight, Gerfey, &c .
vices- and Loyalty, *¦ they have had feveral Immunities
and Privileges granted to them by the Kings of Eng
land. - .,
About feven Leagues hearer England, is another Ifland
call'd Cuernfey, in Latin Sarnia very Stony and Moun-1
tinous, having a Market'towri call'd St. Peter's, a Stone
Peer to Harbour Ships, and a ftrong Caftle Handing a-
bout half a mile in the Sea, nam'd Cornet Caftle which
was blown up by the Magazine of Powder that took fire
by Lightning, as 'tis fuppofed, in K. Charles II. days,
The prefent Lord Hatton being Governour, and in his
Bed fleeping at midnight, was carried out of the Win
dow in his Shirt and laid ftraggling upon the Wall of
die Caftle without harm, a wonderful Deliverance. His
Lady and feveral Women her attendants were knock't
on the Head, and his Child a young Infant was found
the next day fleeping fecure and alive in its Cradle un
der a Beam.
The Ifland is remarkable for Trade with France and
other Parts, for affording plenty of Fifh and admira
ble Butter, the beft ofany part of Europe-. It hath a
Governour, the Right Honourable Chrifl. Vifcount Hat-
ton, a Deputy Governour, a Baylif and Jurors,- with a
Dean and 10 Minifters to the 10 Parifhes.
About 3- Leagues off is another fmall Ifland call'd
Sark a high land having one Parifh Church taken from
the French by Stratagem , arid now in the -poffeflion
ofthe Family of the Catterets, who are Lords of it by
Donation from the Crown of England . 'Between that
and Guern^y ate two fmall fpots of Land foil of Rabbets,
call'd Ark and Arm.
Nearer to the French Coaft , is a little Ifland call'd
Aurney or Alderny , about 6 miles from Cape la Hague.
having i Church 80 Houfes, and is fruitful of Grafs*
Corn, and Syder. All thefe lflands belong to England
and are the only remains of the Dukedom of Normandy
now in our Poffeffion.
There is a ridge of Rocks between France and this
Ifland, difcoverable at Low-water, call'd^trie' face of
Alderney, dangerous for great Ships. ff

a e he-

¦jj&rb/inl

'&%&*«**

£

Part of

3H

inxiry

^»r...

'«&

-?*¦

C& , i/Afty Vafh

¦Jf

\cyh

WORC'E
\bornCfFlace

Hundreds
Itfigmore _  A
#v&4%  B
Brax.£lfli   C
Stretford  D
HadUswe  E
Crru-nfworth — E
&rei?tree — _ C±
Weltrree  IT
£wiaslacy — I
War inky  K
yfunltnaton, _1j

V

#

HEREFORDSHIRE. 65
HE HE F 0 R^D S H I R E, by the Britains E- Nome and
retnUc, in Latin Herefordiehfis Ager, is an inland Situation.
County, having oh the Eaft Glocefterjbire and Worc:fter-
fbire, Weftward Radnorfiiire and Brecknodjbire in Wales,
on the North Sbrcpjhire, and Southerly Monmouthfinre.
'Tis a Pleafant Fruitful County that yields both Corn Commodi-
and Grafs , for the benefit of Man and Beaft, but 'tis ties and
chiefly celebrated for fine Wool and Syder, chiefly the Produlls.
Red-ftreak1, much efteem'd all over the Land.
The old Inhabitants were the Silures a Warlike Tribe Inhabi-
of the Britains, who long refilled the Roman Empire, tarns.
and under the; Conduft of theft King Carotacm routed
their Armies , cut off their Legions and wafted their
Confederates; They were at laft fubdued by Jul. Fron-
tinm. They afterwards belong'd to the Kingdom of
Mercit, and are now in the Diocefe of. Hereford.
'Tis well water'd with Rivers, the principal are, the j?;vers
VJye, Lug, Arrow, Frome, Hotbney, Munnow, Ohon, Es- v
kel, Doier, Garran, the Teme , and other lefier Streams.
- 'The Air is very good, and the Soil Fruitful chiefly in Air and
the Vales,' but towards Wales the Country is Hilly Soil.
well ftock't with' Flocks of Sheep., .It ftretches from Extent
North to South 3 $ miles, in breadth from Eaft to Weft AcresHou-
30, in which- compafs it contains 660000 Acres, about/« and
15000 Houfes,; 95600 Inhabitants, about 21000 able to number of
bear Armes , It hath 11 Hundreds, 176: Parifhes, 8 Inhafii-
Market- towns, whereof but three fendMembers to Parli- tants.
ament.Which with the two Knights of the Shire,make up Swa
the number of eight. ¦ /.,;.'/ ~, Towns.
_ This County-before the fubduing qf Wales by die Eng- Remark-
lift), was the Frontier bordering iipon the Ehemy, and ablePloces]
therefore had no lefs than 28 Caftles to defend the Coun
try but now moftare ruin'd.
' The Munnow River rifes. in Hatterel Hills, and firft Bleftium.
vifits Caftle He'ttu by the Britains, or the old Caftle or Alteryn-
Town, or Bleftium now an obfcure Village ; next Aluryn- nis.
nis, the ancient Seat ofthe Sitfilters or Cecils, and at Ha
rolds Ervias an ancient Caftle meets with the Doier that
falls from Snotthil, and together run thro' a rich Vale,
furrounded with Woody Hills, call'd the Golden ot Gil- Gol.len
ded Vale , in Britifh, Diffrins Dore, becaufe of its ex- Vale.
tfaordinary Fertility in Corn and Grafs. Here was e-
rected a fine Monaftery,. where moft of the Nobility of
thefe parts were interr'd.
In the Eaftern part are large. Fields, call'd Irchenfield^^^,
cruely wafted by the Danes, and where flood an old f.^
Caftle call'd Kjlpec, the name of an ancient Family.
The Wye River divides the County,in the Weft paf
K "-¦

66 H E R EFO R FS:HI'R,E.
Clifford of it appears CliffirdCatiAe a Seat from whence has if-
Caftle. fued an Illuftrious Family* and pafling by Whimey^ fpid
Bradwordin Caftle it runs to Hereford, or ,Harefofd,'a\
Whitney City in a FruitfulSoil, rifing out of the ruins of old A-
Hereford. riconium now KMchefter an old Roman 'Town, where,
Urns and Coins have, been found. . The City ftands plea
fant in the midft of large Meadows and Corn Field*,, it
was deftroyed by the Weljhi, but afterwards fortified with
a ftrong Caftle. It hath now fix" Gates, i <> Watch-
towers, a Cathedral firft built by Milffide a Noble Sax
on dedicated to Ethelbret, King of the Eaft., Angles here,
Murder'd by Quendreda K. offa's Wife.. • .Bjfhop ,Reifielrp
afterwards inlarg'd this Fabrick. The prefent Bifhop
is the Right Reverend Doftor Gilbert. Jronfidf. Here
is a Dean, 2 Arch-Deacons, a Precentor, a Chancellor.
a Treafurer and 28 Prebendaries. It gives the Title of
VifcoUnt to the Right Honourable Edw. p'Eureux Vif-
count Hereford and has 4 Parifhes. 'Tis now Govern'd;
by a Mayor, fix Aldermen, and a Recorder* and a Hof
pital for the Pood Above the City, in the Pariffi of
w - Dinder, is to be feen a Roman Camp, call'd Oyfter Hill
'tis fuppos'd from' OfterimScafiula a Roman, commander.
j. About 3 miles below the City the Wye meets the River
, mpton lug running down Radnor Hills not far from; Brampton
™ n' brian, an old Caftle upon Teem Rivera thatgave name
p .1|m<lr>e to an ancient Family,, and after in; fight of Wigmoire
Kiuiards where ftood anoti,er caftle built byWdlhtZat] of Hert-
v. w iori> and Rl&ard's Caftle on the top ®f a Rocky FP, in
tone Well COmpafs'd with Woods. At the bottom is a Well air
^¦rottcaft. ways ftn of fmall Fifhbories, call'dBdne-Vfe)},'; Notfar
• „ off is Croft Caftle, belonging to the Worfoipful Family
ealtle. 0f that jsiame) an,i caflle Fark,.whtie is % Camp with
I ark. Ditches call'd the Ambrey,an& where is a loyeiy.-Prqfoeft
Lu mfter. afl over the lower Country, trom thenc*,the Wye bends
M-F- to Lemfier lot Lednminfiet hi BritiftilZ<B» Lierr, which
Webly fjgnifies a Ghurch of Nuns. 'Tis famous for fine Wool
M. Th. arui White-bread, as Webley is for Excellent Ale. On
the Weft of Vvebley are Huntington Caftle,-. J^itmerfley^
and Erdfiky noted places., the laft is the antient S&iSt
of the Boskerviles. .'¦..-':
Between Sutton and Herefbrd were two large Stones
in a Common Meadow, call'd the Virgint, fuppofed to
be fome Land-marks. In the Year 1652* they were
removed in a night about fix fcore Paces off, no Body
knows how, 'tis thought by the power ofthe Devil.
And below Hereford in Brmkh&mpton on Cappejlar Hill, is
a large fquare Camp call'd Wobury. The

H E R E £ O R D S H I R E. 67
The R,i vex I«£ -joyns with the FVye palling by Ham- Hampton
pton, a fine feat' lately of the Con'mgsbys, and Morden
and Sutton, where was a Pallace of K. offa, and where
K. Etbelbert Was Murdered. Near to it is Marcley Hill,
which in theYean 5 7 5 or 1 5 7 1 lifted it felf up higher than Marcley
it was before, with a hideous noife which continued three &"*-
days, and remoyed with Sheep and Corn 200 foot from
its former Station. The motion began on the 7th of
Feb. being Saturday about fix a Clock at night, and con
tinued' till two the next morning. Kjnnafton Chappel
was overturn'd, the High-ways were chang'd, and the
Hill was removed at agreat diftance from its old place,
to the great amazement of the People.
Near to this place under Malvern H'M, ftands Lidfury L;dburv
uppn the River Lidden a Town of Note. Not far from ^ ¦ ~.
Lidhdry is Colwdl where a Country man digging in a waft '
Ground found a Coronet of Gold , fet with Precious
ftones; he fold it to a Goldfmith in Glocefler for 37
Pounds, the Goldfmith to a Jeweler in Lombardftreet
for 250 pounds, and the Jewels alone yielded him I'joo
pounds. The Lug and the -Wye being joyned they pafe by
Holme Lacy the ancient Seat of the Scudamores, by Roffe Roffe
a good Town, and by Wilton and Goderich Caftle. In the M.Th.
South part is a High Hill caWdDoward, where a Fortifica
tion appears, and Arrow heads have been taken up with
the Scull and Bones ofa Giantlike Body. Afterwards
thefe Streams joyn'with the Munnow and enter into
Monmoutbjhire at St. Michaels near Monmouth.
In this County were 1 3 Religious houfes with large
revenues fituat in the moft rich Soil. The two Here- Abbeys.
fords , Baron Ewayot , Clifford , Monemva , Acombury ,
Lemfler , Limebroke, Peterchurch , Kflpeck , Dore , and
Wigermore, But Henry the VIII. at the diflblution
fold thefe ancient Foundations to the Gentry ofthe Coun
try with their Eftates, fo that moft of them now are
not to be feen, unlefs in their ruins and the Records of
thofe times.
The other Market Towns are , Bromyard Market Market
Munday, Rj/neton Wedenfday, Pembridge, Tuefd.iy, &c. Towns.
Many have been the Encounters in this County be- Battles.
tween the .^»M«.f and the o\d Britains, between the Sax
ons and the firft Inhabitants, who wereexpell'd out of
this County beyond the River Wye into Wales, between
the Danes and the Saxons, and between the Englifh and
the Weljb, who deftroyed Hereford, and wafted this
County by their inroads till they were entirely fubdued
by the Kings of England. K 2 Like-

68 HEREFORDSH I R E.
Likewife in the unhappy diffentions and contefts a/
bout the Crown of England, betweeri.the, Houfes of Tork
and Loncofter, Here ha.ppen'd a moft bloody Battle in
this County between Ludlow nod little Hereford, Anno,
1 45 1 - After the Duke of Tork and the Eat\qf Rutland
his Son had been (lain by Hen. Vl/r's. Queen Margaret,
Edward Earl of March with an Army of Welfbmen metj
with the Earls of Pembroke and Ormond who was alfo Earl
of Wiltjhire, routed their Army with the .Death of 3800
men flain in the Field,, where this was remarkable, that
before the fight three Suns appear'd, which in a little
while united all, into-pne, which made Edward when he
came to the Crown to give the Sun in its full fplendor
for his Badg of Honor. Here Owen Tudor was taken and
Beheaded. .
Pallaces. The principal Pallaces are, Goodrich, Penjard and Ec-
clefwall CaMes, the Earl of K^ents, Wilton, Aconbury,
and Dewfwell, the Lord Cbondoi's, HcrefordPallace, the
Bifhop of Hereford's.
The Lord The Lord Lieutenant is the illuftrious Charles Duke
Lieute- of Shrewsbury.
nant. This County pays to the vs. Aid 1024J. ty. 4<f.
The Pound J
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HERTFORDSHIRE. 69 <
HERTEOR^DSHIRJZ, or Hartfordjhire, is an Name and
Inland Country bordering on the Eaft mthEjfex, Situation.
on the Weft with Buckingbamfhere , on the North with
Cambridge, and on the South with Middlefex.
Tis a pleafant County abounding in Corn, Grafs Product.
River-fifh, Foul, Sheep and Fat Cattle. t
The firft Inhabitants were the Catieucblan i,:after the nhobi-
Conqueftvof<the Saxons, this County fell to the King- 'ants.
dom of Mercia, and is now divided and under the Bi
fhops of London and Lincoln.
The Air is extraordinary good all over the County, Air and '
and the Soil very Fruitfiifrull of Woods, Indos'd Lands Soil.
Parks and fome Chafes and Forefts, but 'tis almoft all
Level Ground, few Hills.
The Principal Rivers are the Lea , the Coin, the Bene- Rivers.
fitian, the Hunton, the Rib, &c
It reaches in length from North to South 30 miles, Extent A-
in breadth from Eaft to Weft 27, it contains 45 1000 A- cresHoujes
cres, about 165 70 Houfes, 8 Hundreds, and 120 Parifhes, and Num-
18 Market-towns, two only Priviledged to fend Mem- Der of In
fers to Parliament, Hertford and St. Albans. habitants.
The moft remarkable Places are on the North ; upon Remark'o-
the edge of the County Royflon, that borrowes its name ble Places.
from a Lady Royfia, who erected here a beautiful Crofs, Royfton.
near to it was a Monaftery that firft encourag'd the
building of a Town, here being a great thorow-fare into
the North of England.
'Tis now a confiderable. Market for Malt and Barly.
A little Southerly is Tbarfield and Nucells, and Eafterly Tharfield
AfiyweU, ancient Seats of our Gentry. More to the South Aft well.
is Baldoc and Hitching, two Market-towns, and VVimond- Baldoc.
ley held ofthe Crown by Grand Sergeantry. M. Tu.
Upon the River Lea ftands VVheathamftead,th\s ftream Hitching.
runs by Brocket Hall and Woodhall to Bifhops Hatfield, a M. T.
noble Seat of the Earls of Salisbury, and from thence Hatfield.
the River goes to Hartford in Saxon Heortford a Town M. Tu.
very ancient, having three Parifhes. Here Auftin the Hertford
Monk had a conference with the Britijb Bifhops. It gives M. S.
a Title of Marquis to the Duke of Sommerfet, and has
the relicks of an old Caftle. The Lea proceeds next to
Ware, a Town that has ecclips'd Hertford, by reafonthat Ware.
the High-way" is thorow it to the North. From Ware ^ j-Um
there is a new River cut to London , a wonderfull
Work that fupplies a great part ofthe City with Water. '
After it hath left Ware, the Lea goes to Hodfdon, and from Hodfdon.
thence to Theobalds, a noble and Royal Pallace wellfre- M# 7^
quented by K. James the Firft. In the heart ofthe Coun- st. Albans
ty, on the River Coin ftands St. Albans, anciently Ve- Aj# St
rulamium,

70 HERTFORDSHIRE.
rulamium, where was a nobje Abhey built by K.jt$|.
A. 793. The Abbot was the firft Abbot of England, fo
appointed by the Pope. It has been dignified with the
Titles of V-ifeount, Earl, and Duke. His Grace Charles
BeaucTare is now Duke of St. Albans. Here our Proto-
martyr St. Albans fuffer'd Death for Chriftianity '. of
whom the Poet fpeaks ;
And fruitful Britain Holy Alban fhews *
After a Thoufand fufferings for the Faith
When judg'd at Jaft to end them all with Death,
The bloudy LiBor did juft Heav'n forprife
And as the Saint his Head, the Villain loft his Eyes.
A. 429. A Synod was held here againft the Pelagains
where St. German was prefent, who came hither 'from
France. This Church and Abbey enjoyed many noble
Priviltdges for St. Albaris fake. And here has been the
Field of two remarkable Battles between the two Houfes
of Tork and Lancafler; Rich. Duke of Tork had the
, Victory in the firft, and took K. Hen. VI. Prifoner,
Anno 1455 , but in the fecond , Q. Margaret routed
the Torkifts and recovered the King Anno 1461.
Near to it. Albans is Redborn, where is the High- way of
the Romans , call'd Witling-ftreet , Where is a Brook
call'd Wenmer, which when it fwells more than ordinary
portends Dearth or fome other publick Calamity. Not
Far off is Morkot or Meregate. Upon a fmall Hill ftands
Flomfted an ancient Seat. At a.fmall diftance is Hemftei
a fmall Market-town, and Berkhamfted where fVill. the
Conqueror met with the Englifh Nobility, and fwpre that
he would govern according to the Laws of England, be
fore the Arch-bifhop of Canterbury and the Abbot of St.
Albans. /Not far off are R[ings Ltngley and Abbots Langley,
where Nicholas Breakfpear was born, .who was after
wards Pope Adrian the IV^ Lower are Watford and
Watford. Richmonfworth two Market-towns, arid in the Northern
M. 7; Road 10 Miles from London Barnet noted for its Mine-
Rick- ral Waters, that run thro' Mines of AUom, but chiefly
manf- for a cruel Fight between Edward the Fourth of the
worth. Houfe of rork and the Houfe of Lancafler on Eafler-day
jyj, s. i° the Year 1471,'in which the Earl of Warwick and about
10000 men were flain, with many of the Chief Nobili-
Barnet. lY' This Town of Barnet is a noted Marketon Munday,
M. M. chiefly for Hogs, and Cattle, being we\l frequented be
caufe of its convenient Inns and neighbourhood of
London, and becaufe it is a great .thorough-fare into the
North Counties of England.
Enfield. A little towards Ejfex is Enfield, a good Market-town and

pedborn.Wading-
ftreet.Wenmore Hemfted.M. Th.
Berkham fteed.M. M.

HERTFORDSHIRE.

7i

and a Chafe belonging to it notjfar from Waltham in Ejfex.
Between both,, the new River runs to London, a prodi
gious Work.
Next to Bedfordshire is Tring a fmall Market-town
on Friday, nqt far from Ivingo on the other fide of the
County is Bijhopflortford a good Market-town feated „.„
on a Hill well Inhabited and much frequented. On £ fp" .
rife Eaft fide of the ToWn are the Ruins of a Caftle miti'
call'd Waymour Caftle Handing in an Ifle upon an k' ' '
artificial Mount very ffeep, that feems to have been of
great ftrength, tho of no long Circuity within is a dark
and deep Dungeon , call'd the Cbnvifts Prifon , 'twas
deftroyed long ago by King John. At a fmall diftance
is Standon another Market-town on tridays. The Coun
try from hence is rich and Populous to Buntingjord a Standon.
good Market on Mundays much reforted to for Corne, Bunting-
troni thence to Sievenadge is a ftrait Road, 'Twas former- ford.
ly a Market-town on Fridays, but now not fo much Fre- Sreven-
quented. adge.
Tottendge near Barnet, is another Town, where the Totte-
Cltizens of London have many beautiful Houfes, where ridge.
they take the Slimmer Air. hs alfo Borkwoy lately a.Mar- Barkway.
ket-town but now difus'd, and Sobfworib that has re- Sabfworth
fign'd its priviledge ofa Market to Stanford.
This County has an incredible nnmber of Pallaces and
fakStruftures ofthe Gentry andNobility. From Totteridge
where the COtmty begins, and Eaft-Barnet to Ware, are
fo many Beautiful Houfes, that one may look upon it
almoft as a continual Street. The rich Soil and whole-
fome Air, and the excelleHCy of the County, have drawn
hither the Wealthieft Citizens of London.
The Principal Pallaces in this County are, Moor Park paRuesj.
lately belonging to the unhappy Duke of Monmouth. Hat
field, Hertford Caftle, Bygrave Chefthunf and Quickfwood,
the KarAof Salisbury' s,Cafioiobury, and Shaddam Hall, the
Earl of Effex's ; Toteridge, the Earl of Anglefey's, Hallowuy
Houfe at St. Albans, the Earl of Malborough's, Aldenbom,
the late LotdHollis's.
At St. Albans was a ftately Brazen Font brought out of Rarities.
Scotland, but the Zeal Ofthe C ivil Wars, turn'd this piece
of antiquity into Money and private Pockets.
Here were under Ground divers Vaults, where Urns
Coins and other Pieces of the Roman Ages, were taken
up, particularly one Brafs piece where Remus and Romu
lus were fucking a Wolf found in the Year 1666.
The chief Plants that grow wild in this County, are
fmall Mountainous round-leav'd Chickweed, Pepper-mint
Water-aloe, Marfh Twayblade. The greater Fly Orchu,
Baflard Hellebore, Jagged Cow. Parfnep, &c. This

72 HE RTF OR DS

5 H IRE.
ity of London has. a-

This County being fo near the Cii _
bundance of fine Houfes of Gentry and Citizens, who
flock hither in Summer for the benefit of the Air, and
Recreation ; every Pariih and Village can fhew us fome
that reprefent the Riches and Glory of their Owners.
The Principal Gentry of this County who have here No
ble Seats are Sir. Henry Capel, Sir. William Egenon,t Sir;
Samuel Grimfton, Sir. John Garrard, Sir. Richard Frank-
lyn, Sir John Auften,S\r Robert Jocelyn,S\r WiUiam Leman,
Sir John Brograve , Sir William Cowper , Sir Jonathan
I\eot , Sir Richard Anderfon , Sir Edmund Anderfon , Sir
Thomas Pope-BlOunt's Heir , Sir' Edward Seabright ,
Sir John Read, Sir John Witterong Baronets ; befides riiany
other Knights and Gentlemen, fome belonging to the
Law, very eminent in that Profefuon, who have here
their Country Houfes, forthe whole County is as Plea
fant as any in England, being level Ground for the rhbft
part,only aboutBaldock and Borkwoy near Royfton the Land
rifes into fmall.Hills.andat the other fide of the County
about Ivingo, and Higb-Barnet are fome Eminencies, but
here are a great manyParks well ftor'd with Deer and In-
clos'd Fields yielding both Corn and Pafture. He that
defires to know farther of this County, may confute the
Labours'and Studies of an Ingenious and Learned Gen
tleman Sir Henry Chancy, who hath inquired into and
Publifhed all the moft remarkable Antiquities and Pla
ces of this County.
The Lord "^ie *"or(* lieutenant is .
Lieiite- This County PaYs t0 the 2S' Aid 24181$/. 12s. Kd.
nartt.
Pound Tax.

HV N-

3ft «, It at net erf Time from IsOiiiiari

H UNTTNGTGNSHIR. 7?
HVNTINGTONSHIRE;,. by the Saxons ,. fHuntedtine- Name and
fcyreinhaUn,Huntingtonie>ifisComitatus,is a fmall Situation.
Inland County, having on the Eaft Cambridgfinre, on the
Weft Nortbamponfhire, on the North Lincolnjhire, and on
the South Bedfordjbire.
'Tis a County rich in Corn and Paftures, the- Fields Commodi-
are plentifully, ftor'd with all manner of Grain, arid the ties and ,
Meadows and Fenns are covered with Feeding Cattle: ProduBsl '
There are-alfo many Flocks of Sheep and feveral Parks
and Groves upon the Hilh foil of Deer and Game, fo
that this County wants not Wood for Fewel, nor Turf
to fupply where that is lacking.
The Old Inhabitants were the fame as ofthe nejgh- Inhabi-
bouring. Counties of Cambridgejhire and Suffolk, the Iceni tonts.
otherwife named Tigeni, and simeni a ftout and valiant
Tribe of the Britains, who gave fufficient Proof of their
Courage under the Conduft Of Q^ Boadicea, who atone
Blow deftroyed 80000 Romans, as we have faid elfe-
where. This County fell to the Lot of the King ofthe
Eaft- Angles or Eaft-Englond, and is now under the Bifhop
of Lincoht.The principal Rivers of this County are the River Oufe, ^lv^s.
the Nen, the. Cam that divides it from Cambridgfinre, and
feveral other namelefs Streams. , •'->¦'
The is Air very good, unlets ft, be in the Fenny, part of-"'f in&
the County, that may be inclinable to Agues. The Soil So^'
is generally rich, yielding plenty of Wood,. fome LHUls
and Meers. 'Tis in length about .2 2 miles from Nordi Extent
to South, and in breadth from Eaft to Weft 18. Ip. Acres
- which Compafs it contains 240000 Acres, '8220 Houfes Houfes
4 Hundreds, 79 Parifhes, 6 Market-towns, and ,norie and num-
but Huntington privileged v to fend Members ioJPat-berofln-
Tiament. In this Countyiare above 49320 Inhabitants habitants.
and about 1 1440 Men fit for W-a.r. •..:•;.
The River Oufe going out of Bedfordjbire.en'tei$,ihis'T>eftripti-
County near St. Neots or St. Needs, the Burying place.pt on ofthe
a Pious Evangelift of Chrift,. Neotm, whofe Body .was Country.
brought out of Cornwal to this place. Inhonqiir'of him, St- Neots*
a noble Saxon Earl built a :Monafrery, and left it to be M. Th.
endowed by Roifia the Wife of RicbardXard of Clare, be
fore it was nam'd Ainulphsbury. A little lower is" Hail- Hailve- •
viflon a-fmall Village, where, two Springs differing in fton. •
tafte, breakout of the. Earthy but both Medicinal ; the
Water of the one as the Inhabitants fay. being a little
Brackiftv is of excellent ufe'toheal the Leprofy, .the o-
ther fweet,, is a remedy to cure an,d help dim, Eye's. Bugden.
Further this Stream meets Bugden a Pallace of the Bi- Hitchin*
fh6* of Limit ^ Mtclyngbpke formerly a,,Nunnery,and broke. ,
"L ' lately

74

Hunting ton. M. S.
PortmeadGodman- ihefter.

St. Ives.
M.M.

Somer- fham.
Ramfey. M. IF.

fiTj ft T t NG't-0 NSHIR E.
lately the Seat of the Cromweils Kindred, of which Fa'mi-
ly was oiir late Oliver Cromwell, whofe abilities andfuc.-
ceffe's'had rendered his name as facred amongft us, as
it was once dreadful to Foreigners; had his Caufe been
as good as his Valour, and if he- had not been ftain'd
with the Royal Bloud. The'cV/e falls down to Hunting
ton, in Saxon Huntondune 6r HUntendune, u e. Hunters
Down, for all this County was but a Forreft and yield
ed plenty of Game for Hunters , but it was disfor-
refted in the Reign of Hen. II. and is now an open
County, the Eminerieies are good Palture Ground. This
Town is very ancient, -formerly larger than it is now,
for they fay it had x 5 Parifh-Churches, but now 'tis re-
duc'd to three or four. It hath a Mayor, twelve Alder
men and Burgeffes and a beautiful Bridge ; it ftands up
on an eafie afcent on the North fide of the River Oufe,
it had a Caftle built by Will the Norman, and belong'd
afterwards to 'David Prince of Scotland with the Title of
Earl, box Hen. VIII. gave it to George Haflings,A.i<,2.
with the Earldom. In his Family it continues ftill, The
Right Honourable Tlxopbilus Haflings beingnow Earl of
Huntington. This Town is a place of good Trade, has
a Grammar-School and is very Populous. In fight of
this Town are two large Meadows extraordinary rich,
ihcompafs'd round by the River Oufe call'd Portjhalme or
Portmead. Oppofite to Huntington is Goodmanchefler, or
Gumechefler a very large Country Town full of Ridi Far-
merswho glory in their Teems of good Horfes, and
beautiful Trappings. 'Tis fituate in a Rich Soil for Corn,
and was made a Corporation by the'name ottwoBaylifs
12 Affiftants and Commonalty otthe Burrough of Good
manchefler by King James I. whom they received with
80 Teems, and welcom'd from Scotland with the fight
of their Implements of Hufbandry. Henry of Hunting
ton tells1 us it was once a noble City ; Here has been
many Roman Coins dig'd up ; In their time it was call'd
Durofiponte, but took the name of Gormoncefler, from
Gorman the Dane unto whom it was granted by K.
Alfred, when he and 30 of his principal Men turn'd Chrj-
ilians.- The oufe proceeds on in its courfe to St. Ives
by the Saxons call'd Slepe, But Ivo a noted Bifhop who
Preach'd here among the Saxons, Anno 600, and wa
here Interr'dleft to it his name; his Body was after
wards remov'd to Ramfey Abby. At fome diftance is
Somerjham, which belong'd to the Bifhops of Ely, but
is now the Seat of Anthony Hammond Efq; In fight a-
mongft the Fenns is the Town now and anciently was
the wealthy Abbey of Ramfey of Rms Ifle, fituate in the
middle

HUNTINGDONSHIRE. 7 5
middle of Quagmires , that bydraining and the Art and
Labour of Man, are become good Pafture Grounds and
paffable over the Caufeys that are made in the Ways.
Twas built by Alcwinm. a Cofen of K. Edgar, and rich
ly endowed by Bifhop Ofwal of Tori. Near to this place
are feveral Meers full of "Fifh, of Eels, Pikes, &c. and
on the Banks .abundance of Willows grow, which has gi
ven the Sirname to this County of Willow County, Whi-
tlefey Meer , 6 miles long and 3 broad, Romfey Meer,
TJgMeer, and Benwid Meer are the chief! Here are Meers.
alfo feveral Drains and Dykes, that ofthe King's Dyke Dykes'.
faidto.be made by, King Conutus is the chief. In the
middle of. the County "was anqtiier Abbey call'd Saltry .
or Sawtry, ' founded by the St." Lt\es Earls of Hunting- f!;7}TY~
ton. Thisj>a_rtof the County1 is but Foggy and notfo ™bbej.
healthy as thejlrier. Part, and ii many times buried under
Water. Upon the borders of the County, updnjhe Ri
ver": Nenate. Oundle and Peterborough of which weffiall
foeak in their proper places. ' But we muff not forget
' Kjmboltsnor ginnibantum 3 fair Market-town feated in Kmfool-
a Bottom near the border's qf .Bedfordjbire. Adjoining t°r-
to it is a : Caftle, lately the "Manfion of the1 Wingfields, M' F'
nqw of the .Right Honourable ^e Earl of Manchefter
who is^aton of R^imbolion.K Below it was the Abbey of
JfOKefe/,:.aj|Convent founded' by the Bigrames. At fome Stonely,
diftance is Awkenbury once the poffeflion of Stephen Se-
gravs who forfpok the Church'fof Secular Grandure, but
after falling- into difgrace,1 was driven -to a retir'diife,
and forced to endhig foriowfiil Days in a Monaftery.
Here is alfo Leighton' which belongs to the Knighdy Leighton.
Family of the Cliftbns, but nbw 'tis poffeffed by the
Lady.B»t/er Daughter and Heirefs of Richard late Earl
of Ar ran. ¦ " . --,-,.-:
Near Elton an ancient Seat where was a very Beau- yValms-
tiful Chappel, the River Nen enters the County and cQx^
paffes nigh WaTmsford, where ftood an ancient City ,
nam'd Goer Dorm ot Dbfmec'eafler, by the RornansiS'Hr-
robtivte now call'd Dqrnfprd,, where was an old Nunne-
ry deftroyed by the Dimes;' The Oufe paffes next by Dorntord.
Bottle-Bridge or Botolph-Bridge and Overton or onon, and Overton
near to the Fens is Taxley a fmall Market-town, and to- !"" Orton.
wards CambridgeJLritb another Town, and in Bedfordfiiire Yaxley
upon the borders of this County is Potton with feveral fr 'f1'
large Villages fcatter'd about this Country , and fine E"tn-
Seats of bur Gentry.
In this County were divers Battles between the Danes Battles.
and the Saxons at Huntington, at St. Neots and S:. Ives,
L 2 and

76 H U NT I N& T'^N STfI R E.
and 'in our late' Civil Wars this County fuffer'd as hiucfi
as any ..other, part ofthe Kingdom. -•£<.. iu.
Parities. Befides- the former remarkable Springs iqr Wells, and
¦ the Scituationpf th^ 'Meers^ here are many excellent
Plants', whichgrow',' ihd in Carnbridgjhire, as Englifh-
Stone1'-Bafii,.WaterT,^agtoen, -fine-leav'd ChickWeed,
German-Madwprt, Vip'fojf-.Pimpeniel, Goofe-Grafs with
linooth-feed , Baftard-Poppy , Marfh ' St.; Peterwort,
Marfh-Twaybla'de, i Tfeade-Wonrfr'feed]r Dwarife Car-
line-thiftle - Woolly-hea'dedithiftle; 'Maiden-Pinks JPur-
ple flowtodj great Baftarct-ParfJey, wiidfiettjceyi'great
Jagged-Fleaban'e, Birds-tongue. The leaft Bindweed,
Long Baftard-cyprus',: Sweet-willow, 6tCv!:And-in the
Fenny Ground, the fame .plants- that grow about INso.
/o/i_and_other Watry-groliuds' grow- here like wife. .
Pallaces.

Who is Vifcount Hitchingbropk , Great- Gidding,^ Lord'
Rockingham's; Bugden, ,. the 'Bifhop of Lincoln's. '¦'¦ .L <
ThisCounty has bat one Sheriff "with Cdmbridgfiire
annually chqfen one %ffi%.,l^tingtoiifi)^i?ejlih£i next
in Carnbridgjhire. ','*r ¦.'., ,/'""'* -¦•¦<£' r >: v ¦ ¦
The names qf the Hundr'edk 'ixe-Nbrmart, "^ofi, Hur-
flingjhn,,Leightetfflone, andfTptfland. It was$bfervcd
that the Caftles, Moriafteries, and Religious Houfes,
were-. Sumptuous and IR.ich in this County- in former
days, particularly .Ramfey Abbey worthlat the "Diffolu-
tioh above 7000 per 'Annifin^ jolmWarboys\wa% the laft
Abbot,' who had withhirft, <56 Black 3iohk% -St. -Needs
Sultry, &e. but now aft d<3$Jfyedj \Z -'- »¦ ¦> i; ¦
Let's not Repine that "Men" and Names muft-dye,
Since Stone built Cities, Dead and Ruln'd lye.
The Losd The Lord Lieutenant ofjhls County^ IS ' the Right
Lieute- Honourable Charles Earjj'of Manchefler, now -Embaffa-
mant. dorinErisa^, ., "v • ~ "* v's' ~> "¦' '
The Pound This County, paysi^i th^„2^. Aid 774$ /. 12 s. 6d.-
Tax.

f^EN%

Sullo i, l,a.tjip
iASiwA. .SWA X.
CSookcjlty Jf.
\j£rotnlej- Jl.
t'k'efterUem.X.T^ixjtant .V.
H So mefdett J£.

Aylctford Lathe
T^Tottaytroiy Of
Y.'h'riytham.MVfwibritUt Jf
WWatUyftimXK-BrtnAUy /'
JLorJmanOen. 3£
OmarnfCMXt-f-hyfirl A"
QJiarffi'tld. A*
KShamcl M
X Chctham. 3£
XJlauyttin Ji.

$ cray X&the
tvHtltp n- Jiu. .
tfXcnhairt- J£.
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$ fetborffufhs J£.
jCaUhltl J£*
I Chart and J/.
XtOitgbruy Jt.
g&lackbornt J£.
tiLranbreok, J£.
tzdLardtn J£.
t$0reat HernficU.
t^'TerUerdctt- J£-
tSOeenty J£.
y Seth rtttendt n, 0£

A/i*£uftine I,athe

2

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xoDt'ivn JiamforL
lvPrcftoit.3£.zyfRtt^lortf J£
*3 Wir*<f ham J£.
ty£a/lryj£.zoB cufkoroujh Ji
VjJCina hamford- Jl
t8Sruye£fTaham%ft%fy<itttf. Shijtxra,yl,tt.the
¦$o StOJsting 3£.

$l%lrchottftjfcw Church J£
f4«£fo£f&rtdg ^•Marfli. Lanqport
36 Worth J£.
tfiStrete 3C.
?S ' Jieanc. 0£>
^gZoningborovtfh.^.ofolhyhon. J£.

30

r=.

^A Scale efJOy

40

K E N T. 77
KE N:T, in Latin Cantiwm in Saxon Cont'gUj&r lanti, The Name
derives its name from Cainc a Green LeafjOr rather and Situa-
ffom another wprd that fignifies and denotes this County tion.
to be a Corner of the Land, is a large Maritime County
lying in the South-Eaft part of England, incompafs'd on
all fides with the Sea and the River of Thames, except
Weftward where it borders upon Sujfex and Surry.
, This County is rich in Corn, Fruits and Pafture' ,.
Grounds, having abundance of Marfhes that feed Cat- Co™moy~
-tie and Sheep. It has fome Veins of Iron, but it boafts %"?"£ i
chiefly -in large Apples,. Pears, excellent Plums Apri-
cocks and Cherries, which were brought out of Pontm
into' Italy, and from thence -into Britony, The Weald
yields plenty of Wood, Efaft-I^em Corn , Rumney Mea
dows, Tenham Orchards, Shepy and Reculver Wheat,
Thonet Barleys and Hedcon Capons..
The firft Inhabitants -were from the Country named Inhabi-
Cantii who endeavoured, to hinder the landing of the tarns. ,
Romans , and Cafar when they twice invaded Britony,
kill'd Laberiw - Durm a Tribune with his Forces, and
often routed feveral Parties of the . Army, but being
forced to fubmit to the Roman Yoak, they were under
a Governour, and this County was ftil'd Provimio. Bri-
tania Prima. 'Afterwards here was a Count of the Sea
Coaft to pseferye it from Pyrats, to him now fueceais
in Office ohr Pom eve or -Warden of the Cinque Ports.
This was the firft Land allotted to the Saxons; whofe K.
Hengift had itaffign'd to him A. 456 by Vonigem. It was
a Kingdom of it felf in the- Heptarchy, t\\\ Boldred the laft
Kiiigwas. conquer'd by theWei\Saxons,'tis nqw underthe
Arch-bifhop-of Canterbury and the Bifhop of Rochefter.7).
¦ The River of Thames wafhes the Eaftern part; 'the TlieRivers.
Medway runs thro' the Body of the County, befides here
are -.the" Ramher, the Stower, the Daren, the Inland,
the 7ii» and the Wantjhame Rivers, befides-an infinite
numheif "of other Brooks and Streams that water eve
ry part ;of this County. , :
The: whole .being divided into three Portions upper, jj}g ^-r ^
next , to the River of Thames call'd Health - -without Sg-^
Wealth , middle in the heatrt of the County named
Health and Wealth, the Lewer^mongft the Fens, and
Marin Ground, ftiled Wealth without Health; or other-
wife the. firft is- Healthyhat not" Rich, the fecond both
Healthy and Rich, thethird 'Rich but not Healthy/for"
here Strangers get. a K^entifih Ague that feldom forfakes
them till it has laid them jntheir' Graves. The Soil is
Yarious,fome Woody, others open Fields, fome fit for
Corn, others for Pafture, fome for Barley, others for.
Wheat

78 kent:
Wheat. But generally 'tis an inclos'd and fruitful Coun
ty abounding in Wood, Forefts, Parks, Meadows, &c«
Extent it ftretches in length from Eaft to Weft about 50
Acres ; miles, and almoft as manv in breadth, in the broadeft
HoufestS part. It contains above 1248000 Acres, 39240 Houfes,
Number of aD0Ut 235440 Inhabitants, 78400 able for the War.
lnhobi- The County is divided into five Lathes, arid thefe in-
tonts. to 67 Hundreds, wherein are 408 Parifhes, 14 Baly-
wicks, 31 Market -towns, whereof but .7 fend Members
Burgefs to Parliament, Canterbury, Rochefter, Maidftone, Queen-
Towns, borough , Dover , Rumney and Sandwich, the three laft
being ftil'd Barons of the Cinque Ports, with the two
Knights ofthe Shire are 16 Members.
The Inhabitants Glory in the prefervation of their
The Glory Privileges of Gavel kind, &c. that their County is die
of the Key of England, that they were the firft Ghriftians, that
County, they are bieffed with two Bifhopricks, and that in all
Wars they are to march in the Front, and Firft to Aflault
the Enemy.
They met with William the Conquerour, furrounded
him with Bows like a moving Wood, and forced him
to grant and confirm to them their Cuftoms and Liber
ties. For the Security of the Land, he appointeda
Conftable over Z>wer-Caftle , and a Warden of the
Cinque Ports, Haftings, Dover, Hith, Rumney and Sand'
Cinque wich, to which belong Winchelfey and RjIS, and other
Ports. fmall Seaport-towns. The prefent Lord Warden is
Henry Earl of Rumney a Perfon of known Wifdom, Va
lour, Loyalty and Integrity.
Deptford appears firft upon the Thames , a famous Dock
for Building and Repairing the RoyalNayy with all man-
Deptford, ner of Store-houfes, and a Station or long Pond for the
King^s Ships, into which trie Water is let and kept in
by Sluces. Next is Grenavicum, Greenwich where Ed-
pbeg Arch-bifhop of Canterbury was Murdered by the
Green- Pyrats Danes led by their C aptain Tburkkill. Tis a Royal
wich. Seat, the Birth place of Q. Eli%. and Q. Mary. K.
Charles II. began here a noble Fabrick, and -appointed
a Royal Obfervatory, furnifh'd with all neceffary Ma
thematical Internments for Cefeftial Obfervations, and
an Hofpital by K. WiUiam for Seamen, that by Report
will exceed that at Chelfey. Within the Land is Brow
' . ley, a Pallace of the Bifhop of Rochefter, with an Hol-
Bromiey. pi£al for Minifters Widows, erected by Dr. John War-
<£* tn\v mr late bifhop. And Eltbam a fmall Town with an
asvenoaK ancjent Royal houfe now an habitation of Gentry. A
Otfn'rd little lower Darent joyns with the Thames coming from
ra* Sevenotke where ftood feven great Oaks, and where Sir"

7$
Shepey I.

Milton. M. S.
Fcver-fham.
-w. tfs.
Afhford.M.S. Wye
JM. Th.
Canter bury.
M.W.&S.

Thanet.Sandwich.M. WJ&S.
Deal.
Folkftone
M. T.
Hythe. M.S.

Pallaces.

Pound
Tax.

KENT.
He Station for our greateft Ships .of War* which are
here fitted ou t for fervice. At the Mouth of this Stream''
Is shepey Ifland about 21 miles round , where ftands
Minfter Queenborrougk Town and Shurl, and -not to for
get the" Caftles here erect ed to fecure our Ships , as
GiUingham , Gockham Wood, the Swormpi and shimefs;
Fort fortified there by K.'Charles the lid. Near by are.
the Towns of Milton,otMiddleton, Sittingborn,Feverfi)am,
Reculver, in Latin Regulbium, all noted Places. Next
is the Ifle of Tanet wafh'd by the Stour which paffes by
Ajkford and Wye Market-towns. Chilhom an Old Caftle
by Julhom where J. Cafar encamp'd ; near to it is a
green Barrow, where~Laberim Durm was Buried, call'd
now from thence Jul' laber's Grave. The Stour vifits next
the chief City ofthe County call'd Darobernia-ot Can
terbury, 'twas the Royal Seat of the Kings of R~ent and
made an Arch-Bifhoprick'"^. 568 Auflin the Monk being
firft Bifhop, here are 14 Parifh Churches and a great
Congregation of 'Walloons , who drive a great Trade
in Union with the French Refugees.
The Stour leaving Canterbury vifits Hackington Fordich
where plenty of excellent Trouts are taken, and paffes
by the Fruitful Ifle ot Thanet where the Saxons landed,
and Auflin the Monk. Near by flood Rutupium or
Rhutupia now Rickborrow ; Sandwich a Cinque Port is
rifen out of its Ruins, 'tis now honoured with the Ti
tle of an Earldom in the Perfon of Hdro.Earl of Sandwich.
Deal with a Caftle and Dover with another Caftle, and
the Promontory of Cantium appear next to our View.
Here is the Common paffage intoFrance and it is thought
that here this Ifland was joyned to the main Land.
The Chalky Rocks along the Shoar are to be feen as
far as Folkflone an ancient Roman Town ; Near to it
Soltwood a. Caftle of the Arch-bifhop's. About 4
Miles diftance is Hithe a Cinque Port that rifes from
the Old Lyme a. good Port ftopt up with Sand, nam'd
Portia Lemanis.
The Principal Pallaces in this County 'are', J^nOwl the
Earl of Dorfets; Penhurfl, the Earl of Leicefters ; Eoft-
weff andMfl,»,theEarlor Winchelfea's; Head and S Ham
the Earl of Thanet' s; Chevering, Lord D acre's; Lingfteoi-
Lodge, Lord Tenham's; Left Caftle, and Greenway Court, .
Lord Culpeper's ; Aldington Caftle, and Moidftone Pallace,
Lord Aftley's; Lee's Court; Lord Rockingham's ; Cobhom
Hall, Lady Clifton's; Heuer Caftle, Lord Wohrave's;
Bromley Houfe, the Bifhop of Rochefter s.
The L. Lieut, is the R. H. Hen. Earl of Rumney. -
This County f&ys to the 2 1. Aid 41722 /.•" #.-$£ *-.
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I

L'A N CAS HI RE. 81

"A';NC AS'HIR\E, in 'Latin- -Lancaflria, in S axon The Nme
_pl":'j0hiMfterfcyre,v\ ¦ion't'ttii.ir'e, is a Maritime Coun- and siiu.v
ty fo tife'North-weft j.ait of 'Srigl.ind, bounded on the turn. --,
Eaft w\th-rorkjhire, ofijthe!W6fPwith die !>:?.• Season ;p,'.>
the1 NdrtirwtffeGi^^^^^ and or die ;
South with 6l0)ke,v'J:^ 1 •->-') \d h y. . 3 ut. ¦><,¦ ¦
fVThe-Cdun^feMs^f.irs'ahd'IC'orn. Fifh and Fowls, C^nhvdi-
large .Oxen,-' Flax and Hemp, v/hicii ti/nye^ verywell ties .i»d
in'foihe part of it ; for Vewtt. i.'-vldkt, Turves, Joint: 1'rc.i i Is.
Wood, but more Coal, and i>r^\iui;rie!,.for Building,.-!!*'
TJfe/firift Inhabitants were ilie- lame ofthe Ndghbou- /'/tar
ring Counties'' &\&Trinob.u:te-s^\^\\i-:xVt mentioned, who tints.
fbre'ad themfelves- 'en' rliii, lid--:' of \_U* l-Lik-inti-ieJpv-.ii
Valleys; ^tw.is1 part ¦/. theds,B)g'.torn'of Northumberland,"^
and is noW;ttediT ti>- Biihop cf Chefler. kz ¦" '-'",¦;
The Rivet's ji'e-/ the Merf-y, 'the Rible,Xhe Lun, the fj:e p-.
Ch.i';der,'t\vi 'Aeildck, 'the-Avj^he Roihe^'the Dor-went nd t, JL
the Dowgle's, the Irwell,- the" mddet^thb'Wif'Jhr, -the - ameeri-
Wire, and 'fevei-al' other Streams" and divers Lakes or
Meers, the Win ode r and the Mer-ton ate the chief, full of
feveral fofts^bfTifh, namely; a;Fifh nam'd Chorr,, which
is hot' 'to h^ 'found- eifewhere,' but : in Vlks 'Water -ki-
Cumberiand. "¦
The Air is cold and fharp, but healthful, as'inayjjp- The AirlS
pear by the FTelrSi efehe'lfmabftaflts, who-dre longMived. Soil.
The'SojlMsfnol everywhere alike, ¦ibmC'parts' Hilly ;
towardftfte^Eift^re full of&feflei and! Barren: Pen die
Hill i3'rtHe^7W*tfeH-.for its H'^hth,' -"whert-'cisVcovered
with a'Mite'-is'Wgri' of Rain ; the ""lower Ground is ei-
ther'Dfy^W'Mfelry'iandMoOrlfli^'the firft is kindly for ,
Cohi of MI' forts;1 yeilding gOctdiJVheat,! Barly, and
chiefly Oars,^ die Moory GroUB'a. js.alfo Barren, but
thrO'':'emfro't?ementi-lias"been^tiftnd into Meadows"in

IftOTWiSiWiHp-. '¦:', .'. .V_<-

;:¦:

fome'praces'lfDifaWiilg, It is coir/piftedfroTii North' to Sonth in length 4*5 niiles'.^^j
in breadth ff^ni Eaft to Weft-near 32 miles, .in which Acr(S
compafs' it coifta-iris iSl5dooo' Acres, and above l-qaoco.ff^r.f'y
Houfes, 240000 Sriha6itants,ab0uto jo'ooMen fit for War. ;„£,,/,;.
It has fix Huridreds:, 6\ Parifhes, ^befides Chappels of tants.
Eafe, where the number of People is equal to that of
the Pariih Churches." It has 27 market-towns, where- .
of five fend Members to Parliament, Lancafler,' Leva- Burs.efs-
pool, Preflon, Wigon, Clitheroe and Newtcn; befides the 'orv}ls-
two Knights of the Shire, in all 12. m
The Merfey rifes in fhe middle, of the Mountains, and Deflripti-
divides this County from CiejfWre,! 'receiving firft the Ir-tion.
well and the Roch, that waffle's Rochdale a Market-" ochdale
town for C&rn'y Cattle and Stockings, and Bury another M. Ij.
M good

8 2 LANCES H I 'SL'Eui
Barv good Town. Near" die Merfey is the ancient Town of.
M -ph Manchefler Mancuniuin, or Man utium, 'Tis a Populous?
Manche- and wdl Duilt Town,having a fair Market place, Church"^
aer and a good Trade in Cloatii that is here, made call'd
M Sau Manchefler Cottons and Wares . . It hath a College, and
beautiful Church,N and by thelnduftry of itsJnhabitants
it hath enrich'd its own Natives and Neighbours, there
being reckon'd above 20000 Communicants.; Befides the
College it hath an Hofpital and publick^ehool.-. The ,
College was founded by Thomas de la Ware in honour ofS,t, ,
Mary, for 1 Mafter, 8 Fellows -jChaplains,^ CJenits, aruj (5
Chorifters.ItwaSdiffoiv'di^.i547byK.^w,yi.butreftory
by Q. Mary, and new founded by Q. El%. by the name of.,
Ckifl's. College in Manchefler, for 1 Warden, 4 Fellows,
2 Chaplains, 4 Singing-Men, and 4 Chorifters, and
was again incouraged by K, Charles. . TheHoipital was
founded by Humph, cheetbam Efq; for the Education of
40 Poor Boys Of the Town, with a large Library. The
School was Erected by H.Oldbap Late Bjfjiop of Exon,
and is plentifully endow'd. " < .
This Town was of great account amopgft the , Ro-,
mans, asapjfear's by, the, many Coins and Stones taken
up. It ftands upon a Stony Hill, at the Foot are good
Quarries for Building;,; i.,.-; .-. .. .11 ,:.'¦," ,
Chatmofs. ^he mer^ being joyned' with the Jnml runs by, ,
Tr afford and Chatmofs , a ¦ wet Ground pf grea^ extent,
fubject fometimes, to a, Land pi oud, there, feireraj, Trees
have been found buriedimder Ground, ftiiatwhen'dig'd
out, burn very well. Beyond Chatmofs is Jfo^ra^f an an
cient Seat, and;' Warrington a large Town,: with a fair,
Bridge on the Merfey,. 'tis now an Earldom belonging to,
w . . George Booth Baron Delamere Earl of Warrington.
inng- Northerly wee meet with the Parfonage of V/inwicipne
™n* , ofthe richeft in England. At the. Mouth of this River
w'inwVk is Le™rpool or Litherpeol, a famous Town and paflage
Lever int0 Ireltni*' govetn'd by a Mayor, well built, with a
i Free-fchool, and enrich'd by a great Trade info Fo-
M s'ot ^eign Parts' and chiefty by the Sa,t ^ is ^eK Slvip'd
sh ' ( ' off for all parts of England, fince that of Franfe has been
Siev prohlbijed.' Within the Land atshefton is the Seat of
y' the ancient Family Of the Molineux ; and Crosbey Magna,
Alt-month where is a Sood Free'fchool well endow/d. The little
River Alt that rurts by Altmouth a fmall Village where *-,,
towards Formbey in the Money Ground., tjie In^ '
habitants dig excellent Turves for Fewel, under which
0rrn„ is a hlackifh Water with' an Oily Surface, where fmall
flrfrW , Flfties are found and di§'d out of tlie Ground. In the
M.Th. Count3T we find 0rm"tirte • a Market-town for all Com- .
' ' , modifies

LANCASHIRE. Sz
modifies, the Burying place of the Stanleys Earls of
Darby, whofe cheif Seat is hard by at Latham. In the
Park is a' Mineral Water, deeply impregnated with Iron
and Vitriol, excellent for the Cure of feveral Dil'eafes.
In Haigh near Wiggan in the Lands of Sir Roger Brad*
Jhdigb, are Mines of Coal, good not only for Fewel but
for making of Candlefticks, Boxes, Spoons, Salt-fellers,
&c. that have met with good acceptance, and are both
ufeful and lafting. At Wbitle near Charley, has been Chorley
lately found a Mine of Lead, in the Grounds of Sir M. Tu.
Richard Standijh ; near to it is a plentiful Quarry of Mil-
ftones; and within a Mile of Wiggin there is a V/ell
which feems to proceed from Rain-water, when empti
ed arifes a hot Vapor which makes the Water bubble,
and if a Candle be put to it, it prefently takes fire, o-
ther things are related of this Burning-well. On the
top of Pendle Hills is a fmall Berry which grows call'd
Ctoudesberry or Cnoutberry , which is common to many
Hills in England, in the Weft they name tbem Ourts,
the Barren and Heathy Mores are full of them, in De
vonjhire and Somerfetjhire Hills.
The River of Duglefs paffes by Wiggin a good Mayor Wiggin
and Market-town ; hard by is Holland thatgives name M. Mup.di
to a Noble Family. Near the Mouth of the River is and Fr5j
" Merton-Meet a large Lake. In fight are three high Hills,
Ingleborrough, Penigent and Pendle Hill. At the foot of
it is Clitheroe Caftle,builtby the Laceys,and Wholey where Clidieroe
ftooda Monaftery. At Rfblechefter feveral Rpmoh Coins,
Stones, Pillars and Infcriptibns have been found that de1
dare this to have been a Roman Station, but the Let
ters are fo defac'd, that only conjecture can read them,
however the ftudious of Antiquity-fancy .this to have been
a famous City. Out ofthe Ruins, we imagine that Preflon
orPrieft's-Town arofe,a Populous and well built Borough,
Situate iipon the Rible, with a. fair Stone Bridge where
are held the Court of Chancery, and Offices of Juftice
for Lancafler, as a County Palatine. The River empties
it felf into an Arm of the Sea, call'd Bellifama ^Aifliurium
near Penwonb, where flood a Caftle to defend the en
trance. Towards the '-'Sea, a little River call'd Darwent
joyns with the Rible, after ithaspaftby Blackburne a no- Black-
ted Market-town, taking its name from the blacknefs burne
of the Water ; by Haugfiton Tower, where an ancient M. Muni.
Family of that name has long inhabited, and by Wale-ton
or Walton Hall, and both Rivers running together thro'
a low Ground call'd the Mofs to enter into the Sea. The Pre Hon
Town of Preflon'is call'd Preflon in Aiidernefs or Agmm- M.VV.F.S.
dernefs,bscav.fe it ftands upon aGround almoft furrounded : • • '
wi.h

84

L A N G A S;H IiRiE.

with Water, and advandng.into the Sea., The Wjire which
runs from Wyrfiale a. Solitary and Difm.al Foyeft receives
the tributeof other Streams;,the Colder and theBroke paffes
by Greenhough-CaRle wafhesthe other fide. In the Sea
are dangerous Quick-fands, ..the Principal are- Rjn and
and Prejion Sands, -and feveral other Banks known to die
Pilots: The Lone or Lime River rifing, amongft, the Fens
of Weflmorlond being full of Salmonrrons with a clear
and" crooked Stream among .thefe Sands. As Toon as
it hath jcryned with the Loc'it wafhes Over Borrow now
a Village,-' but formerly a ftrong City that'was forced
to fubmit to Family when Eefeiged as Tradition tels :
Hornbey next it, vifits Thur'lind , Tiwflols and Hornby' Caftle,
M.M. that belong'd to the Lord. Morley-,. Baron, of Moaf-
E-igle,- whofe 'Anceftor was,Inftrumental in difcbver'ing
- theHellilhGunpowder Plot.
: More Northerly the &M#ej or Lon enters the fame Bay
Lancafler havingpaft by Lancafler or Loncaflel, in Latin- Lancoflria,
M. Sot. anciently Mediolanwm. or Lugovicum a Roman Station, de
ftroyed and burnt by- the Scots ; here is a Caftle where,'
the Aflizes are kept, anda fair Church on the. Hill. The
Britains, nam'd it Caer.Werjd from a Green Hill. It
ftands in a Fruitful Soil. From hence is difcovered 3
''he Sands Bays' K$nt~fend, Leysn-fand, and Dudden-fand jvitii a
Dalton ' Tract of Land, ahnoft incompafled by the Sea, call'd
M _y \ Foulnefs, .where Hand. the ; Towns, of Dalton.and Vlyer-
o'lft'on flon ot Ouflon two Matliet-towhs. On ; the Coaft, are
M_ juurr 3 lflands Foulney , Wolney- and Oldboro] and Black-rock
Hawks- known t0 Mariners; more Northerly 'is Hawkfnead a
head *~ma11 M-arket"t:ovi'n W^ a Free-fchool ;s "near to it is TO-
Al Mond nanc^r Meer ' very larSe and full of Fifb. Here are
i * ' ' the high. Fells,- call'd by the name of Fournefs Fells, and
the Mannnor of Kjr.kleylrekth. Nc-ar Dudden are Braugb-
tonjConifide, Plumpton and Coningflon Fells^ noted'places,
and near the Sea Wrayjbolme-Towet. " The pile of Foul-
.drey a Fort, and the ruins of ForneJ's Abbey. .„
, - Other Market-towns are Poultpn and Can-mill. Mund,
Kfrkham,Fref cat, .Coin, Haflington, Wednef. and, G<*r-
flfany, Tljurfd. n- .
Pallaces. The C!leif Pallaces are 'cfeth'er.ow, the late Duke of
Albemiarfs; Kjtowlesby ,.Ltthom', CnffhiTl, Greenhdgh
Caftle, Plickington-fcanA, Sar/ro- Abbey, the Earl of Dor-
b/s; Hojholl „ the Earl of Moclesfiel'd's y.Hbr'nbey , Lord
Morley's ; Woodocre, Scorton, Afinon-Ra\\, Lord Gerard's ;
Wigon-Va\hce , the Bifhop's. , '
T The Lord Lieutenant is -the E. of Macles'fteld.
L. Lieut. This County p.ivs to the 2 s Aid 10494 /'. ; is. id.
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.LFJICE SjT E,R SHIRE. 85
LEICESTE RJ.H I *E,~in Dooms-day-Book le- a^ *„ j
deceflerfiyre, is a rich Inland County, having on Situation
the Eaft I/wrote and Ruthnd Counties, on the Weft
Worwickfinre and Durbjjhire, on die North Nottingham-
jhir'e, and on the South Northamptonfiiire .
¦ 'Tis,' very Fruitful and yeilds plenty of Com, Fifh, - ,.
Flefh, Fowl, Cattle and Sheep, their Wool being ex- LommMl~
'traordinary fine ; In the South Eaft the ground is natu- *'" f'£
ral for, Beans and .Peafe. ' Produlls.
The ancient Inhabitants are judg'd to be the Coritani, . , ,-.
the fame, as in the Neighbouring Counties, of North amp- in"abl-
ton"t Rutland'^ &c. They '.Were a numerous Tribe over- mu'
come by the Romans.' After them this Country Was a ' ,
Member ofthe Kingdom of Merck, and is now in the
Dio.cefe of Lincoln.
.. The chief Rivers of this County are the Stour, the j,-.^^
£y, ' the Wreake, the ^e»ce, the'Jw/ft, the Wetland, the
Avon, and the 7re»t, wafh fome part of the Borders.
The Air is very good, as may appear by the healthy ^r tnj_
; Conftitution ofthe Inhabitants, who are "long liv'd. The ^ -^ •
' Soil in the Southern part is extream Fruitful, the Fields
yeildiplenty of Corn, and the rich Meadows, feed vaft
numbers of Cattle and Sheepi but the North part is but
Barren, the earth being moreRocky and Stony, yet here
upon Bardon Hills, are many Lime Rocks, wherewith the
'Natives improve the Ground. It hath feveral Forefts
and Woods, as lew e/rer- Foreft, 'and Charnwood-Yoteft,
. Dolby-Wood, &c, ' And where Wood fails, they have
. good Coals, brought from the North part ofthe County.
It reaches in length' from Eaft to Sewflern in the Extent
.Weft 30 Miles , in breadth from Lockingtor) North to Acres
Catherop in Orton in the South 25, in which Compafs it Houfes £>
contains 560000 Acres and upwards, about 1 8700 Houfes Inhobi-
1 12200 Inhabitants, about 2-7400 Men fit for fervice in. touts.
War. It bath fix Hundreds,. 192 Parifhes,, 11 Market-
towns, none but Leicejier being priviledged to fend. Mem
bers to Parliament , 'befides the two Knights of the
Shire., , ' ' ,
'Tis feperated from War'wickjhire, by die old Roman Watling-
Way call'd Watling-ftteet, or. the Fojf-way, that reaches ftrecr.
from Dover thro' Kent, by London to St.. Albans, Dun
ftable,. Stratford, Toucefler, Littleborn, St.Gilben's-HW],
neat Shrewsbury by Stratton, and fo thro"' Wales to Car
digan. '
Near the' Head of WelliHd. is Hoverbufg, now Hor- i-Taroor_
borrow famous for a' Fair for Cattle. " At a fmall' di- row> ,
, ftance is Carleton, whereof the Natives are obferv'd to ^. -[uef.
' be unable to pronounce well many Englifh words, and to

•86 LEICESTERSHIRE.
to have a Tonfe peculiar to themfelves, the Caufe is
"unknown. ,, '., , ,
Dow- Watling-ftreet appears in many places zboutDowbtidge,
bridge, and having croft the River Swift, that deferves that
name only in Winter : At Brahsford oi.Bensfprd Bridge,
it paffes byCbefter-Over in Warniplfinre, a place of Note
oppofite to Miflerton, that belqng d to the ancient Fa-
Lutter- mily of the Poulmeys. Here is the Pariih of Lutterworth
worth. a fmall Town, the Birth place of $obn Wickliff who was
M.. Tuef. parfon of it,and who difcovered the Errors of %j»e.Near
to it is a Petrifying and Gold Well that turns in a fmall
time Straw and Sticks into Stones; the Way. leads from
High- ' hence to High-Grofs, where 'tis faid was a famous City
Crofs. nam'd Cly-cefter, and that Cley-brook, at fome diftance was
part of it. Hsre it is.fuppos'd liv'd the, old Bennones, or
Vennones, for feverat Roman Coins have been foundof
C. Caligula on the one fide , and Vefla fitting with a
Difh in her hand on the other, and of Gonftantin, &c.
Hinckley ^ *lt^e further we meet with Hinckley that hath a lofty
M. Mawi. SP're Steeple , and BofwOrth a Market-town on a Hill.
Eo'fworth At tnree miles diftance is the fameus Field, where K.
M. Wed X&har'd the III. ended his. days, A. 1485, and left the
'Crown to Henry Earl of Richmond who was thereat the ,
end of the Fight, Crown'd and Proclaimed King of Eng
land by the name of Hen. VH. In thefe Feilds are fre
quently found large. Arrow heads and pieces of Armour.
'Tis now call'd by the -"name ofK. Richard's field, or Red-
moor, he was Buried in the Grey-Fryers, at Leicefter,ani
his -Coffin that was of Stone, fefves now for a drinking
Trough in an Inn for Horfes.
Afhbv de At ^ome diftance is Ajhbey de la Zoucb a moft plea-
la Vniirh *"ant Town belonging to Jhe Earls of Huntington of the
M Sat Family °£ Haflings. Near the Town is Cole-Overton,
famous for its excellent Coal-Pits , that yeild a great
revenue to the Lord of the Soil. The River Stour in-
creafing by the addition of other Wateis, vifits the
Leicefter Town of Leye-ceftria, Leogora , LegeOcefter or Leicefter ,
M. Sat. in Brit.Caer Leir. 'Tis a place of great Antiquity in
the Year 680, made a Bifhop's-See by K.SexwulpbQ.E'
delfleda , incompafled it with a Wall, ruin'd by Hen.
II. when it joyned with Robert Crookback Earl of Leicefter
in Rebellion ; the Caftle was then difmantled ; 'tis now
govern'd by a Mayor, Aldermen &c. and has 3 Pariih
Churches. Here was a Monaftery founded by the fore-
named Robert, call'd St. Mary de Praxis where he ended
his days, and here Cardinal Wolfey was Buried.
Not far off is Groobey a noble Mannor belonging to
the Lord Greys of Grooby, whofe Seat is at Bradgate* The

L E I C E S T;E R SHIR E. 87
The River gaffes by MontSoar-HiU, famous for a Caftle Mont
now ajvheap of Rubbjlb, 6n die top of a Craggy, Hill de- Soar-Hill
molifh'd by the Cotfnty foe being a Nefl ofthe Devil, m Mu„J
and fc Den of Thsives. Furdier towards Trew* is Lough- Mount
borow., Tea ted between two Rivers in the midft of Mea- Sorrel
dows, with a fair Bridge over. Stoure a gooi Market- Loimhbo
town.. At Barrow a neighbouring Village, isdig'd up raw&
the beft Lime for Building in the County. The Foreft M ^
of Charnwood or Charley, where 'ftands Beaumon'uor Pork
belonging formerly to the Lord Beaumont s. In the Hun-
'dred of Sparkenhoe South "W^ 6ft of Leicefler, is Lindley a
Mannour, of which, 'tis, faid'. that in the Grounds were
never found Snake, Adder, Lizard, or other Venemous
Animal, tho' in other places round' about, they are fre
quently feen. At fome diftance is Higham. or Hethdm, Higham.
where a curious peice of Antiquity was dig'd out of the
Earth,' .Ai £07, as likewife at Leicefler Cqihs/of Vefpa;
fian^ pomitian, Trajan, Antonine and other's, as alfo fe
veral Images, that of Attepn at . Leicefter is t worthy to
be feen of a curious Wprk"rn£r[fhlp.; An Inhabitant of
Higham takingup a 'Stone, thatlay near . Wdtli'ng:ixteet,
met with ,2-50 pieces of Silver, of the Coin offTen'. 111. .
two Gold Rings, one with . a "Ruby, another with ,an ',
Agat ; another of Silver,, having a flat, Ruddy Stone
with Artbick Characters, befides fome links of a Gold
Chajri, 'Tis fupposM^that this ' Treafure -wa?" Buried
therf by a $ew. Wilt. Rufui'enconrag'd tbafc Nation to
livehere,hut K. John perfecuted them, and K. Edw.l.
bariilhed them, and forced toeria. to ; leave, behind their
Treafures. , - .,..'.
In the Eaft .part of the County which is Hilly , ap
pear^ Burrow and Burrow Hilt* where ftoad the ancient
Town Vernometum qr Verometium a place cf great efteem
in the Romarisrtime, where th.ey had a Temple. Here
is alfo^artow Lowers, where was'aFamqus.an,!!, the Prin- Burton.
cipal HofpitaT for Lepers in England.
On thePiver Eye ftands Melton .'Mowbray fituat in a jyj=iton-
rich Soil," with two Stone Bridges and a fair Church, MoWbrL
more Northerly is-Walth'am, on ihe,Would in a good Air M T ¦ -}a
a pretty Town. More Eatterlf is BiUefdon in a Bottom w'alt-hsm
a little Market-town; nigh to it is Life- Hill, a very ^ a":"am
high Eminency, with a Beacon on the Top. Nearer Bjjiefjg,!
to the Welland is Hallaton in a fat Soil, a Market-town », f • .,
More, Northerly is Leyfield Foreft, with feveral confide- jTallaton
jrable Villages upon the borders of the County, Edmond- M ^ -
jhorp, Wimondham, Buchninfter, Sweftern, Sproxton, Saltbey,
Croxton Harfton, Belvoir and Be/zw'r-Caftle , Kvypton ,
Braunfon, Waltham, Gauieby,Coldmerton, &c.andmore in
the

88 ' LEICES'T E R S H ITR1E.T;
Noted Pa* the County are, Lound- Abbey Park, Fliterefs, Batni,Toly,
rijhes. Thurlflon, Garenton, and many, other noted Parks, of the
Gentry. '." ' -'.':' ••- '..'',', "
r „. This County, has been. fortified with feveral. good'
Cajtles. caftles, and confiderable. Forts at Leicefler^ uMom-Soiir-'
•Hill, Shilton,. Whitwike, Doningto'n,. Groobj, 'f?inieiy,Se-:
grove, Thorpe, Melton and Burrow, an old - Roman Forif. "'".
The Principal Palhlces are Gorrington, the 'rate Duke '•'
Pallaces. 0f Albemarle ; Burbage, the Earl of I^ents\ Mbey de Ta
Zoucb, and Dunington Park, the.' Earl of. Huntington's-,
Brodgote-Ha\\,ind Grooby the Earl of Stamfords-, Stanton '
Brudenel, the Earl of Cardigan's ; Stan honhdrald; and '.JR&g-
dol, the Lord Ferrer s's; Afiiby-FolviUe, the.' Ldrd Car.
ringtons, &c. ' : f'i: , *lj:': ',
_ This County has' been always famous forks Earls'
TbeHonor. jn t^e t;me ofthe Saxon's Leofric, and his Pofterity'were
Earls 'of Leftfefler. After them the Beaumonts of iyer-
Miwrfj' obtain'd this Earldom flora Henry .the 1. .Of
them, were 4 Earls fucceffrvely. , ' Next Simon de:Mcvi-
fon, who had Married''a:TJa%hte'r of 'the former Earfe's
was admitted to this HbhouTJ; bh't after hjs^fiarii'lbment
-A' 1200, Ronulpb Earl 'pf iriejfer1 was the'nejfrEar'i'by
the King's rayor, "yet &'»»&;£ die Son of the fornfer Si
mon de Montfort was recaird'frbrn'jExi/e afterwards ,.and
reftor'd fo'tbis Earldom, and the King's Sifter granted
him.ih'Marx'iagej.But 'fuch was 'h'is'Jrigrafftifde thafTite1'
incouragbd '.the Civil Wars, joyhed with t^e^irorls 'j--'-
gainff.tiie King and Was' flain irt.dle Fight: - 'iip&iHen.;
III. gave it aftenvard s 'ter his' Sbrr, Edm-.r.P&iuchfijfc'h
Earl of WfOncafler ; by. Marriage, it came iie.it.to^ l '/ill. of
B^Wi^Earlof Htynoult Hotifrfi'an^ZeiMJikC. After
wards to John of Gaum and the Houfe' of hiir&JTef? tilt
Q.Eh\. gave it to' Robert Dudkj'fyr FaV'oir it?'' "'Aft^r his'
Death K.James 'created RoSeh Sidney •E'iirbfHieicefler,
from whom'the preteritf' EaVl^'.fhe Right^HBfiSUrable
Robert Sidney is deicertded; ^ '•'.'' ' * 'mk;iM ;: ¦
T , The. Lyrd LieriteriaritTo'f.ltliis' County isthfcWnt
i-0ra Wnnmirihlf- ifrtfcj. Pari r>f '¦PrrrftnJ"
Lieutenant.Pound'Tax.

Honourable John Earl of -Rutland.,
It gays toJ the a; Slliurrig AId\1^3$r7,'iyj. 6ft.

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LINCO LN SHIRE. 87
LI NCO LNSH IRE, in Latin Lincolnienfis Ager, Name and
is a large Maritime County, Bounded on the Eaft Situation;
with the German Ocean, on the Weft with the Counties
of Tork, Nottingham and Leicefter. On the North the
Humber feparates it from Torkjhire, and on the South it
hath the Counties of Cambridge, Northampton arid Rutland.
This County is both Pleafant and Rich, yitlding Corn Commcdi-
of all forts;. 'tis well Water'd with many Rivers andt'"'OTrf
Streams ; upon the Banks are delicate and fat Meadows, ProduBs.
and affords Fifh and Fowl in great Plenty, infomuch that
at one Draught with a Net, they have taken a prodigi
ous quantity of Ducks, and in all fome fay 3000. It >
yields alfo Flax, Wooll,/Alabafter,^.
The whole County has 3 divifion's, Lindfey, Kjfteven ^}e Divi-
and Holland, or Holland: The Air in the latter is nn-f'°"'h Air,
healthy, and Foggy, becaufe of the Fenny Grounds , and and Soil.
large Marfhes, but in the other divifions the Air is as
wholfbme as any other part of England. The Soil in
the North and Weft is exceeding Pleafant and Fruitful, -
full of Paftures, Arable and feeding Grounds, but the
Eaft and South parts, by reafon ofthe Salt and Brackifh
Water that breaks in from the Sea, is not fo good for
Corn, but in recompenfe it furnifhes them with Filh and
Fowl in abundance of all forts. ' , ,.
The Primitive Inhabitants of this County, and ofthe ln»abi-
Neighbouring Counties Weft ward were the Coritani : ums-
It made a part of the Kingdom of Mercia, during the
Heptarchy, and is now under the Bifhop of Lincoln.
No County is water'd with more Rivers, befides the Rivers*
great River of Humber, and the famous River ot Trent,
here are the Witham, the Nire, the Welland, the Ankharn,
the Dun, and an unknown number of leffer Streams.
It appears almoft in the form ofa Bow, and is in Length Extent
from Sutton in the Eaft, to Goinesborough in the Weft Acres,
60 Miles, and from Stamford in the South, to Barton in Houfes
theNorth,55. In this Circuit it contains above 1440000^ Inho-
Acres^ and about 40590 Houfes," 243540 Inhabitants, bitants.
about 81 180 Men fit for War, named by the Country
Wapons, 30 Hundreds, 631 Parifhes, 3 Market Towns.
The Burgefs-Towns are 5, Lincoln, Stamford, Grantham.-1 Surges
Bofton and Grinsby, that fend each 2 Members to farha- Towns.
ment, who with the 2 Knights ofthe Shire, make up Defn-
thenumberofi2. ttwn'
To begin with the Sea-coaft in the Holland divifion,
'tis divided into 2 parts, the lower and the upper, the
lower is full of unpaffable Bogs, Marfhes, and on the
Sea-coaft Quickfands, dangerous for Paflengers and
Ships. The Sea is kept out with mighty Banks, from over-
r - - r p N flow-

9o LINCOLNSHIRE.
flowing the low land; Southy-Bonk, is the moft noted.
Here a Drain was begun, Ann. 1599.' to convey away
the Waters of the Rivers. Near to it are Crowl'and or
Croyland, a remarkable Town, haunted as is faid with
Croyland frjgiltfai spirits, till .Guthlarus an Hermnit fcar'd them
Mark: Sat. awaVj and the fucceeding Monks ofthe Abbey, here Built,
and Richly endow'd bv Ethelbald King ofthe Mercians,
would not fuffer them to return. They were then fa
mous by the nameof the Devils of Crowland, whofe Pi
ctures are yet extant. The Town ftands in the middle
of Bogs and Pools, fo that there is no paflage to it, but by
a narrow Caufey, fet with Elders, Withies, arid Wil
lows. Thefe Pools that yield abundance of Ducks and
.Wild Fowl, the Inhabitants call their Corn fields, for
they have no Corn growing within 5 Miles of the
Spalding, Town. A little higher is the Town of Spalding, furround-
M. T. ed with Rivers and Canals ; from thence to Deeping
Deeping, was a Caufey, but now not vifible. In the upper Hoi-
M. T. land is a fine Church and Town, call'd Rjrkton, and up-
K irkton, on the River Withom is Bofton Town, with a high Wood-
M. Sat. den Bridge , a plentiful Market and a gqod Haven for
"Bolton, Ships, having a beautiful Church with a high Steeple.
M. Wed. The Harbour is part ofthe old Metaris JEfiuarium, which
and Sat. has many Banks of Sand at the Entrance. .- Thisdivifion
, is Honour'd with the Dignity of an Earldom, in the Per
fon of the Earl of Warwick and Holland.
More Wefterly is Rjfteven, the 2d divifion, a better
Air, more Populous, and fuller of Towns. Near Wel-
land is Su mfordi, an' ancient Town, and an Univerfity,
Stamford where 2 Colleges' were Built, Blackball and Bra^en-nofe,
M ",^u.j" and in the Reign of Edward III. upon a Quarrel betwen
and Fnd. tne Nortn and Southern Men, feveral Schollars removM
hither, but were commanded -back by the King's Pro
clamation. 'Tis now an Earldom, belonging to the Lord
•o Grey of Groobey: Near to it isaftately Fabrick, Burgley-
'". Houfe, the Seat ofthe Earl of Exeter. Between this and
_ Lincoln are many Medicinal Springs, as are Bourne, Wal-
J! cot, Pickwonb, Newton, Aunsby, &c. Southerly is this
' " a ' Town of Bourne, remarkable for the Crowning here of
. King Edmund, and for a Caftle belonging to the Wakes ,
ancient Barons ; near to it was Swinftead-ASbey, where
King John was Poifon'd by a Monk. More Eafteriy
is Ingham, formerly a Barony of the Lutterells, and Jew
pringham, where was a Monaftery of Men and Women
together, call'd Gilbertines, who lead a pleafant Life,
Founded by-one Gilbert., a Lord of the Place, who liv'd
to fee 700 Fryars, and 1100 Sifters of his Order, of
whom a Poet of thofe days thus fpeaks, Some

LINCOLNSHIRE. 91 ,
1 Some are good Breeders here, and others fail,
But all is hid beneath the facred Veil.
She that with Paft'ral Staff commands the reft,
As with more Zeal, fo with more Fruit is Bleft,
Nor any one the Courtefie denies,
Till Age ftealson, and robs them of their Joys.
Next are 'Folkinghom, Skrekenbom, Hother, Sleaford, Folking-
Xjrne, Temple-Bmer, Blonkney, noted Places in former ham-
days: And in. the Weft part of Rjfteven, on the Borders M. Th.
of Leifterjhire, ftands Belvoir, or Beauvoir-Coflle, overlook- Sleaford
ing a fruitful Vale, the Seat ofthe Earls of Rutlond , near M. Wun.
to it are found the Aflarites , or Starlike Stones, Painted Bel var.
with Fire Beams or Rays ; formerly of fuch an efteem,-
that whofoever wore diem in a Fight, they thought he
fhould infallibly be Victor. Near to it was the old Mw-
gidumum of the Romans.
The River Witham, full of Pikes, runs from Wit ham
near the Ruins ofBritbam-Caflle^ at the Head ofthe Ri
ver is Paunton,an old RomonTown,and not far off Ancofler,
the old Croco-calona, where Roman Coins have been found ,
and other marks of Antiquity, as at Herloxton a Brafs
Veffel, where was a Helmet of Gold, fet with Stones and
Beades of Silver, prefentedto Queen Catherine of Spain,
King Henry VIII's Wife. The River runs next to Smer-
ton-Caflle, and fo by Bofton into the Metaris Jlfluarium,
a Fenny Country.
On the other fide of Witham lies Lindfey, the 3d di-
vifion ofthe County on the Eaft, and North Bordering
upon the Sea : On the Weft runs the River Trent, ant
on the South 'tis parted from Kefleven by Witham, and
the Fofs Dike, 7 Miles in Length. At the Entrance
of the Dike is Torkfey, a Town formerly of Note, and
higher Skellingiborp Mannor, given by H. Stone its Lord,
A. 1693. to Chrift's Hofpital in London. Atthe joyningof .
the Dike with the R. Witham, ftands Lincoln, the old Lin- Lincoln
dum in Brit. Lindcait, and by fome Lindecollinum in Saxon. M. Fryd.
Linda Collyne in Lat. Lincolnio, a famous City, having a
County belonging to its Liberties, 20 Miles round. Itharh
15 Churches, befides the Cathedral Dedicated to the
Virgin Mary^ and All Saints , and is an Earldom belong
ing to the Right Hon. Edw. Clinton 'Earl of Lincoln. Vor-
timer the Warlike Britain was here Buried. It firft felt
the fury of the Saxons, after of die Danes, who won it
twice by Affault, but it was recovered from the former " ,
by King Arthur, and from the latter by Edmund Iron fide.
TheBifhop'sSeewasinthe days of 'WiUiam the Norman,
Tranflated by Remipius the Bifhop from Dorchefler hither.
^ N 2 ¦ 3fis

V-

92 LINCOLNSHIRE.
'Tis yet the largeft B ifho prick ofEngland,tonta.mng 1 247
Parilhes, having a Dean and 44 Prebendaries. Several
learn'd Bifhops havegoverri'd \t\RobertGrofioeod 1230. was
famous for being an Enemy" to the Incroachings and Abu-
fes of the Church of Rome. Tho. Cooper, and our late
Bifhop Sanderjon are not to be forgotten. 'Tis now
govern'd by a Mayor, 2 Sheriffs, 12 Aldermen in fear-
let, a Recorder, &e. At a little diftance is Norton,
where was an Abbey, but now a fine feat of Sir William
Ellys,, Baronet. Down the River is Ragbey, a Village
where Ann. 1676. a Woman brought forth a Male-
Child, with' 2 Heads, it continued alive fome Hours, and
lower the Ruins of Badney- Abbey, where King Ofwald
was Interr'd, whofe hand continu'd uncorrupt many
Horn- years after his Death. The River Ban meets with Wi-
Caflle thorn running from Horn-Caflle, a Roman Gamp, and Tot'
M. Sat. tejholl, an ancient feat of the Gromwells, paffes by Scrivel-
Tottefhall $¦> a Manner of the Dimocks; who hold it of the Crown,
M. Frid. DY fervice of grand Sergeantry. The Lord of it is the
King's Champion at the Coronation,, and to appear well
Arm'd upon a War Horfe in Weftminfler.haW,and to Chal
lenge the King's Enemies to Fight them, if any offers to
que'ftion his Right to the Crown ; near to it are Eresby,
the Barony ofthe Earl of Lindfey and Bullingbrook, an an
cient Honour, and now an Earldom, belonging to the
Right Honourable P owlet St. John. 'Twas the Birth-
Bulling. piace 0f^e»ryIV. therefore firnam'd Henry of Bulling
brook brook. Towards the Sea upon, a little River, we meet
M. iuef. wjth wainfleetj a Populous Town with a Free School,
Wainfleet founded by William of Wainfleet Bifhop of Winchefter, who
M. Sat. Built Magdalen College in Oxford, and a little higher Al*
Afford yw, a goodly Market-town, and Louth another Populous
M. Tuef. Town;not far from thence are Grinsby and Salifleet, memo-
' Louthe rabie for a iate Minifter Mr. John Waifon, who died Anno
> -M- Wed- 1603. Aged 102. who was their Minifter 74 years. More
and Sat. jn tne land is Thongcafter, Builton the fide ofa Hill, and
Grinsby famous for an 0\& Caftle, Built thereby Hengift the Sax-
q fl mi 'a^:er fl's Victory over the Pills and Scots. Towards
Saltfleet the River Ankom is Ofgodhy, an Honourable Seat; near
M. Sat. the mouth of the Humber are Thornton and Ankham, a
J m~% muddy River full of Eeles. At the Spring Head is
iter, M. S. Market-Rofin, and lower Glanford, upon a noted Bridge,
Market- which now gives the name to the Town : Near to it is
Rolin ,• an ancient feat in the middle of a Park, call'd Rjttleby.
M. luel. The Lord Lieutenant is the Right Honourable Robert
Glanford Earl of Lindfey. ''¦ ' - .-
M. Th. it Pays to the 2 s. Aid 361 15/. 5 s. 2 d.
': MIDDLE'

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TH

MIDDLESEX. 93
MIDDLESEX, derives its name from Middle Name and
Saxons,\n Lat. Middlefexia,becaufe, it was between Situation.
the Eaft and Weft Saxons. 'Lis an Inland County but
fmall, yet the Richeft and the Nobleft. 'Tis feparated
from Hertfordjbire on the North ; from Ejfex on the Eaft
by the River Lea ; on the South from Surrey and K[ent
by the Thames, and on the Weft from Buckingbamfinre by
the River Cotee. 'Tis a moft fruitful County, yielding Cmm0J-
Corn of all forts, Grafs for feeding Cattle. It hath many . ^ "
Parks, feveral Chafes, efr. producTs
The firft were the Trinobantes, a noble Tribe of the j^L^: '
Britains, formerly mention'd, who furrender'd themfelves ^ "
to Cafar, and invited back Mandubratius to govern them,
whom Cajfibellan forc'd to fly away into France , and bring
in the Romans ; He is otherwife call!d Androgeus in dif-
grace, becaufe he betrayed his Country to Foreigners.
'Twas under the Eaft Saxon Kings, and is now gover'nd
in fpirituals by the Bifhop of London. The Principal Ri
vers are the noble River of Thames, the glory of England,
the Brent, the Golne, the Lea, with feveral other leffer
ftreams, and the New Rivers, cut for the conveniency of
the Inhabitants.
The Air is as fweet and pleafant as in any other ^r itJ^
County, and the foil is generally very fruitful, chiefly in Soilf
the Vale from Hefton to Harrow on the Hill. The
moft gtavelly part is much improv'd by the labour and
manuring of the Husbandman. 'Tis a flat Land, but has
fome rifing grounds, as Harrow, Hamfted-, Highgate,
Child's Hills, OV.
'Tis of no large extent, having in length from Eaft to
W*eft 29 Miles, in breadth from North to South 18. in Extent-
tins Compafs are 2400 Acres, above 1 10000 Dwelling- Acres
Houfes,V hundreds 126 parifhes,befides Lon don,\ Market- Houjes ®
Towns, above 660000 Inhabitants, and about 220000 Inhatn-
Men fit for fervice in War. It fends 8 Members to Par- tarns.
liament, 4 out of London, 2 out of Weflminfler, and Burgees
the 2 Knights of the Shire. Upon the River Colne, we Towns.
meet firft with the Parifh oiBreakfpear, the 'name of an Dejcri-
ancient Family, Pope Adrian IV. being a Member of it. p>m-
Next Harefield or Harvill, a noted place, and More-hall.
The Colne by dividing its ftream runs round fomefruit-uxbridga
ful lflands on this fidr, and on the other fide of Vxbridge, m. Thurf.
a Populous Town full of Inns, govern'd by 2 Bayliffs, 2
Conftablesand 4 Headboroughs, its Market is Thurfday,
wellfupply'd with Corn, rdc The County hereabouts
Is cover'd with Trees, -and full of ftately Houfes of our
Gentry, as the Poet tells us, Such -

94 MIDDLESEX.
Such Fields, fuch Woods, fuch ftately1 Piles appear,"?
Such Gardens grace the Earth, fuch Towers the Air,S>;
That Thames with Roman Tiber may compare. ^
. -. On. the Weftern Limits ftands Staines, in iax. Stana,
Staines M. fo nam.d pr0DaDiy from a Boun,i ftone here fet up. »Tis
*n a Market-Town with a Wooden Bridge over the Thames,
into Surrey and the Weftern Road. Near to it is Running
Meade, where the Barons of England An~emh\e&, A. 1215,,
to obtain from King John the Liberties of England, con-
tain'd in Magna Charta.
Now Renimednnon the Banks appears,
• Where Men renow n'd for Honour, Arms and Years..
Met to reform the State, controul the King,
And Edward's Laws from long Oblivion bring.
Hence more than CivifWars, the Land Opprefs'd,
' And Lewis withhis French the Rebels ftrength en-fcreas'd.
The River falls down to Laalam, and a little lower to
Cow<yftakes, where Gafar pall the River, and where
the Britains toftinder him fix'd feveral ftakes in the Ford,
and upon the Banks. In fight \sHarrow Hill, the higheft
in the County, furrounded with Rich and Beautiful Corn
fields, where the Soil yields fuch excellent Wheat, that
it has been in great requeft in our Kings Courts. At fome
Ham- diftance is Hamworth, a Royal Pallace, with a Parks
worth. tho' frriall much frequented by Hen. VIII. Thro' the
Parifhes paffes a made River, that conveys the Wa\er
tt . thro' Hampton-court into the Thames, call'd the New River.
Court Tis a moft magnificent feat, firft' Ereaed by Cardinal
Woolfey, enlarg'a by Hen. VIII. having Five fpacious
Courts; Of which the Poet thus •
A place which Natures choiceft Gifts Adorn;
Where Thames kind ftreams in gentle Currents turn.
To Hampton rmu; whofe ftate and beauty fhows ,
A City here contracted in a Houfe.
This the grave Prelate Woolfey' s care begun. "7
To whom blind Fortune's Arts were fully knownj >
And all her fmiles dafh'd with one fatal frown. 3
King William and Queen Mary, have much Adorn'd and
Beautified this Pallace that hehas chofen for his laft Re-;
treat. T*

MIDDLESEX. 95
To the former Verfes give me leave to add the follow
ing, concerning this glorious Fabrick.
Here our bleft Queen's Magnificence yet Reigns,
O'er Death's proud Empire and its mournful Trains.
Here Air and Nature do their Works difplay,
And all our great KToflou's delights obey.
Here Italy and Spain are clearly feen, ,
In Richeft Fruits, Trees, Shades, in Walks and
(Greens, SsV.
The River winds round about to Twickenham and Thi-
fllew'ortb ; unto which a River driving the Wheels of
fome Powder-mills upon Hounflow-heath, runs and enters
the Thames: On the Surrey fide is the Royal Seat of Rich
mond, but lower in Middlefex is Sion-houfe, which Hen
ry V. gave to the Nuns of St. Bridget, and over againft
it Built another Monaftery, call'd Bethlem, for the Conhu-
fians. 'Tis now a Seat ofthe Dukes of Summerfet. In the „
Road is Brentford,a noted Market, divided into 2 Towns, Brentford
Old and New. 'Twas an Earldom granted to Patrick ^ inec.
Ruthen, Earl of Forth of Scotland, Created Earl of Brent
ford, Ann. 1644. The Road comes from Hounflow, me
morable for the Camp upon the Neighbouring Heath,
pitch'd there by King James II. to over-awe the City of
London and his Proteftant Subjects ; near to it is
Arlington, a Village that gave the Tide of Baron and
Earl of Arlington, to Sir Henry Bennett, Secretary of
State to King Charles I. Lower upon the Bank of the
River ftands Fulham, Noted for the Pallace ofthe Bifhops Fulham.
of London ; and for a Church oppofite to another at Put
ney, Erected by 2 Religious Sifters. Next is Chelfey,
Where a College wasdefigo'd by King James, to oppofe
the Church of Rome ;but being unfinifh'd , King Charles Chelfey.
the 2d. bellow sd it on the Royal Society. But they
never minding it as it was expected , King Charles ap
propriated it to another ufe, to be an Hofpital for decay
ed, old and maimed Soldiers. 'Tis now one of the moft
glorious FabriCks about the City of London, Furnifh'd
with Beautiful Gravel Walks, Gardens, &c King Wil
liam and Queen Mary, have not only perfected this no
ble Work, but have given to it large Revenues, for the
fupport of a Governor, Miniftry, and all other Officers ;
befides fome fcores of decay'd, Military Men, who are
here plentifully provided for, and Maintain'd.
On both fides ofthe River 'tis incredible what a num
ber of Beautiful Houfes, Noble Pallaces, ftately Gardens,
Ridi Meadows and Feilds are to be feen, which yeild a
delight-

96 MIDDLESEX.
delightful Profpeft to fuch as are'carried up and down the
Water. ,
. J The moft noted Places from Hampton down the ftream,
are Teddington, Twickenham, Thiflleworth, New Brentford,
Chefwick, Fulham, Chelfey, fo many Pleafant and Populous
Towns upon the Thames, on Middlefex fide : But the glo
ry of this River and of all England is London, which de
ferves to bemention'd by it felf in'the next Sheet.
Kenfing- pr0m London in the Weftern Road ftands firft Knights-
ton. bridge and Kjnfington, adjoyning to an ancient Royal
Park, call'd Hyde-Park, His prefent Ma jelly has there a
Magnificent Pallace which of old belong'd to Sir Heneage
Finch, fince created Earl of Nottingham, from whofe Son
the prefent Earl, the, King Bought it, and having added
'' to.the former Buildings, .'tis now one ot the moft fumptu- ,
ous Pallaces of the Royal Family, the more convenient
for its Neighbourhood of Londdn. In the Town befides
the ffately New Buildings of the Gentry, are Holland-
Houfe, and C<mWew-Houfe,i2ancientFabricks. Next
is Hammerfmith and Tur.nham-green, Populous Villages,
with many fair Houfes; as like wife on both fides ofthe
way fine Habitations appear, belonging toour Nobility
and Gentry, and the Wealthy Citizens of London. Like-
wife in and near the Road is Vxbridge, memorabje for a
Treaty between King Charles I. and the Parliament,
which was unhappily broke off by the ftiffnefs.of both
Parties ; here are many fine Towns,and Beautiful Country
Seats, wo at Eling, Wefl-oclon, Nofcoat,Greenford, great
HiUingdort, Jekenham, Rjfljp, Shep\on and Dawlirig, &c.
I mutt not forget the New-river, an admirable contrivance,
formerly mention'd to convey good Water to the City.
from Ware, above 20 Miles. It runs thro' Iflington into
a Pond, upon afmall eminency, call'd the Head of the
New-river, and from thence falls into moft partof the Ci
ty thro' Pipes.
Pallaces. The PaUaces of our Nobility out of the City in this
County, are, Sion-houfe, the Duke of Somerfet'sit Chel
fey, Duke of Beauford's and Earl of Lindfey's, and Bifhop
of Winchefler's, HoUand-houfe, the Earl of Warwick's at
Highgate, the Earl of KJngflon's, at Cranford Earl of Ber
kley's, at Parfon's-green, Mondant-houfe ; Sutton-coiirt, Earl
of Falconburg's, Drayton Lord Paget's, Hackney Lord
Brook's, Whitton Lord Bellofis's, Twittingham Lord Berkley's,
Tulham Bifhop of London, HamfledLotd Wotton's, &c.
Lord Lord Lieutenant qf this County is the Duke of Bedford.
Lieute- It Pays to the 2 s. Aid, One hundred fifty three thou-
nant. fand, Eight hundred feventy feven Pounds, One Shil-
Pound ling, Five pence farthing.,
Tax. LANG A-

J

The City dfLONDON. S9
LO N D o JV,the moft Famous and the moft Trading Name
City, not only of England, but ofthe whole World,
is call'd in Latin Londihum, by Tachict Londinium, by the
BritMsLmdayn or Caer-Lud, by the Saxons Londeme after •
by foreigners Londra. and Loudres. "Tis fuppofed
ihe.nameis deriv'd from theflrfr(0>WordsZA<>ȣa Ship and
Dinas Or binim a City or Harbor for Ships, becaufe it •
admits of Ships of the greateft Burden that the Tide
brings up to its Houfes. -;
'Tis built upon theBanks of the Pdyer of Thames', its firft S'tautioiti
Founder is not fo well known as its Antiquity, for Tacitus
mentions it as a Rich and Trading City in his time. Con-
ftjmtine firft Fortified it with a Wall at the requeft ^cms.
his Mother, Helena. It had 7 Gates to the Land, Lud-
gate and Newgate in the Weft, on the North Afderfgate,
&ipplegtte}Moregate and Bifhoffgaie, on the Eaft Aldgaie,
two more were on the River fide, Bettngftttte and'Dow-
gtte. But the number of the Citizens and their War-
Tike Courage is fuch, that ts the Primitive Spartans they
truft more to their Arms than to their Walls. It ftands
iil a wholelbme Air upori a rifing Ground, moft of it
(gravel, having a ftately Bridge of 19 Arches of Stone;
with a Draw-bridge that leads over the River into Surrey. ¦¦,
Since its firft Foundation, it hath fuffer'd much by War «#>#•
arid Fire; QJioqdida and herParty deftroy'd it in hatred of
the Romans. A. 830. It felt the DanijhinrY, and in the ,
Years 851, 872, 1013, 1016,' it couldnOt efcape again
their Rage. But accidental Fire as well as 'War, has
often laid it defolate; Befides the frequent Fires 'that
have deftroyed fome particular Streets, in the Years
983; fo77,',io8<5, 1175, 1212, niemorable Fires hap
pened iri; this City which rediic'dto Alhes its principal
¦Streets, and orie time Burnt the Bridge that was for
merly of Wood, with the Chjirch of St: Pauls. But the
iaftFire was the fierceft and the greateft that ever be
fell this City, A. 1 666 the 2d. of 'September It began
in PuddineLztie, where noW ftands a Monument erected
A. r67i,«c. in the Mayoralty of Sir Richard Ford Knt.
and iil his Shcceffors, of WtrJte^.Stonej 202 FoOt high, 1 $
Foot Diarrieter, the Pedeftal fs 40 Foot high and 2 1 Foot
-fottare, with winding Stairs tothe'top, where' is an Iron
' Balcony ,and a Brafs reprefehiirig the Flames. This dread- ,
ful Fire in three days time cortfom'd 89 Churches, the
<7»iM-HaH, thfr Schools;' Libraries, Hofpitafc, 15 entire
Wardsaf 26, 8 of rhtptfeer were much Shatter'd, 400
Streets , 13200 HdufesV' So "that there . ajpear'd
nothing from the Bridge to the- Temple and Holborn,
bftl i'fad and lairieritabfe Defolatlon.' But that which
is more wonderful, as it was Burnt fo 3 days time, It
O was

9o The/City of h Q N P 0 N.
was.rt'bLiilcagain in 3 Years^ime, with more State and
,GU>ry, and Within a few. Years more, the Additions , to
the City have been as large and as coniidetable as the
Body of it, and perhaps more ; this befpeaks the Riches,
Wealth, and Power of London.
Its Icngihfrorn Limc-houfeto.Mi!l-bank,}p 7^00 Paces,
Ectent. ajj0,ir 7 Miles and a half 5 its breadtii, fron} White- chappel
to'.St.George's' Fields., -_abont 3 Miles. .It contains 6co
Streets and Lanes, above ioooco-Houfes , .upwards
of 86eooo Souls, befides~-fhe.; Multitude of- Strangers ,
and Mariners of all Nations. It can bring- into die
Field.aboxe 15ooco fighting; Men. -•,,,,-;  ,
Defcrip-. > - The Tower is the firft place, to be confider]d, 'Twas
tion. built as . 'tis reported, by Julius Gefor. It has a Mile
in cortipafs well furnifh'd -with Guns and Arms for <5oopo
Men;. .Here the Jewels and. Regalia of the Crownare
keptviraod the Records of the Kingdom in Wakefield
Tower* the latter, by a Keeper, whofe. Salary is 500/.
per-iAnmm, his placeis at the difpofal of the Mafter of
the ;R$lls; from 7 to 11 a Clock liberty,, is granted to
feairchttie Records, except Sundays,- &c In this Tower
is the Mint of EngUnd, , and feveral Houfes appointed
for- die Officers, and one Parifh Church call'd Sanlli Pe
tri' ad v'mcftloinfra Turrim. 'Tis under the- command of
a Conftable and a Lieutenant ofthe Tower, whofe Ju-
rifdiclion reaches over 21 Hamlets call'dthe Liberties of
the Tower. The next Officers are theGe'ntlemari Por
ter,.. 2 4 Yeomen Warders, and the Gunners. . cr
From the Tower a\on%j Thame s-$reeti wpmeet with
the Cuflom- Houfe, a; nqble, ftately, and convenient Fa-
brick, for receiving the King's Cuftomes, of. .all Goods
Exported and Imported, which in London alone amounts
to above .400000 per Annum. The River pfefents to
the Eye a delightful profpeft of many Ships,' till we
come to the Bridge, a noble §trufture with a fair ftreet
over the River. From thence the fpacious- ftreets are,
Grace-church-ftteet, and Fijh- ftreet Hill,and turning upon
the left, Thames- ftreet , Canon -ftreet,, Lombard-Street,
Cheapfide., (F/eet-ftreet . andffolborn , &Cy leading" to,
Wefiminfter, and the Weftern part, where we riaay take
notice of, Bowfleeple in. Cheapfide of curious, Workmah-
ftiip; With a pleafant Pdngef Bells, and Guildrba%where
the. City Courts of Judicature are kept, and ailpublick
Meetings ofthe Mayor and Aldermen. / .
. The Church of St. P^a/, deferves our next. Obferva-
tionj a moft Magniffce'nt Fabrick. rifing out of its Afhes.
A. tie. It was firft built by Seben a Saxon Prince, and dedica
ted to St. -Paw/, where flood formerly Piano's Temple". The

The -City ; of L O N D ON. 9i
The ^reawas'ieckon'd to be 69b foot lofig,« 130 Foot
broad, .and its Spire formerly ' cover M with Lead 534
Foot, high. ' It has often been confum'd by Cdeftnil
and Cafual Fires,asyf. 1^)87, 'twas burnt by. Lightning.
But now" when this Fabrick is -rebuilt, 'twill be the .moft
magnificent and glorious Structure ofthe World, To
this Church belong befides 'the Bifhop, a .-Dean, a
Precentor, a.Chancellor, a Treafurer, 5 Arch-deacons
36 Prebendaries and other Officers. We mult return
to the Royal Exchange, firft -erected by Sir Tho. G'tfihtm,
and named by Q^ Eli\. appointed forthe meeting of Mer-,
chants, the Mercer's Company have the greateft.Pr'or
priety in it. I pafs over the feveral Halls' ofthe feveral
Companies which are ftately Fabricks, asMwcf's-Hall,
Gw«r's-Hall , braper's-Ha\\ , Fiflmonger's-kim, ,.. GoU-
fmith's, Skinnpr's, Merchant-Taylor's, Halls, &*r."T<* thefe
Structures we may add fuch as" arcdefign'difor Chtiri-
fit'y, jis'Cbrifl'siChurik Hofpftai- foundsd b<?iEdn\, 6-. St. -
Bartholomew's, the Charter- Houfe, 'Bridewell, BedUm, ot
Bethfehemi for fuch as are out of their Sences,. a' teutons
Building facing M"or-fields refembling a Prince !s Pallace
rather than an Infirmary.- This City ftands, in 5,1 deg.
and 30 inin;' Latitude; I might With good reafon b'fiaft
of all the Neat andBeautiful Ghtitfches ereftedfince the
Fire of Portlank Stone. The Inns of Court are.jftOp _tp j„„F f
be forgotten, they are 14-,' 2 Sergeant's Inns* 4: Inn's-of court.
Court, and 8 Irms of Chancery, appointed fer che; Stu
dents pfthe Law, the chief are, the Temple,- lineoln's
Inn, Graf s\nn,NewTnn.eiem?nt'$ \nri, Lton'sJm-'&c.
The Civil ¦' Government of-ttib . City, is by. a Lord Cn-Jem-
Mayor chofen Annually1 6n Mtcbadmas.day -opt 'of.. the mem.
16 Aldermen by the Livery -Men. After he is elected
Proclaim'd and Sworn, he is inftall'd the 29th. of, -prober,
in great State; after that,- hu-is -row'din Pomp to, Wefl-
minfter Hall 'to be fworn;be.foi?e.the Barons-.qf fh^fis-
cheqUer. The CeremordesinAthis Cafe. are fuflSskndy.
known.'' The other Officers of this. City, are aa.Al.d-^r-
men,over the 26- Wards, '2 Sheriffs, and a, Recorder
and a Chamberlain ; under thenv'an? Comm,an-C.oun' il-
men; Con (tables, Scavengefrs^Beadfos, &c, .-, F,<*eh She
riff has under him an undeP-Siieritf", a Secondary; and
¦5 other Clerks, &c. The Citizens are divided intqijp
Companies, ,qf them there ate 12' Principal CPPIFW^
Mercers, Grocers, Sax. tonridfrB'ble Privilegr.VW SFfrPte(1
to the Freemenall over Enil'thd, theyh^'e.a-fte^dk-rit
Government among 'themfelVes', fubordinate to, d^.'.L.inl
Mayor.- : ¦¦¦ ''l ' ¦ -:';1 -Ji«v-A- •.. ', j- ¦<". •.,-.-
The City Militia -confifts f^f, .Regiment*, of Foot, Militia.
O 2 making

92 The Cities QfLLenAon and Wefimnfltt.
makingabout 9000 Men, the Hamlets, ofthe Tower
2 Regiments, and one Regiftjent in Southward, two Re
giments of Weftminfler, each T of 2000 Men, in all there
are 11 Regiments, befides the Auxiliaries raifed front
the Apprentices in time of need. Fpr a fiipply of Com:
manders', there is the Artiljery Company, who are to
exercife every Tuefday Fortnight, in the Artillery
Ground. 'v
Weftmin- Weftminfler, is a City of it" felf, udder the Civil and
fter. Ecdefiaftical Jurifdiftion of the Dean and Chapter of
Weftminfler, Who has within his Pretinfts , St. Martin
le Grand and other places in Effex and" elfewhere.
The chief Officer is, the Steward of Weflmivfler ,
who is commonly a Noble Man; under him arc
a Deputy:Steward, a Bayliffj and two Burgeffes Annu?
ally chofeji.
Tbe Abbet Til^ nr** ^"S that °^ers ic ^eIf t0 our View ia Weft-
' -f * . . minfter, is the famous Abbey-Charch dedicated to St,
Peter, ' a ftately Pile where are the Tombs of our Kings
and Princes and of the Prime Nobility, and a curious
Chappel erefted and adorned by Hen. VH.To this Foun
dation belong a Dean and 12 .Prebendaries, befides other
Officers who have large Revenues. Next is Weftmin-
fter-Hal}, for our Courts, of Judicature, to which belong
12 Judges, the King's Bench, Chancery, Common-pleas,
Exchequer; and WKte-HaH built by Cardinal Wolfey,
but now by an unhappy Fire it lies in Ruins. It has
been the Habitation, fince its Building,, of our Kings
and Queens. Adjoyning to it is a pleafant Park, well
furriilh'd with Trees, Deer* Tame and Wild Foul ; St^
Rami's Pallace, belonging to 'the Royal Family, ftands
on the North-Eaft fiite, with another Park at the end
call'd Hide Park? Tis not poflible in this narrow com
pafs to contain or mention the ipcdthpart ofthe many
Sumptuous Pallaces, ftately Buildings, Sic. within thefe
two Noble Cities, in'JToirio-Square, in the Co/4e»-Square,
in %ed-LyonSaflare, inLtncolns-Inn-Sqiare, in Sombamf
«H-Square, in St. James-Sofiare, &c.
lorifhcs. There are belonging' to both Cities within the Liber
ties, and without, 134 Parifhes befides feveral Chappels.,
97- within the Walls, 16 Without the Walls, 1 4 out Pa--
rifhes, in Middlefex and Surrey, 7 Parifhes in the City
Sehdoh^ and Liberties ofWeftminfter.
The Publick Schools are Weftminfler, a Royal Founda
tion, with a Mafter, 2 Ufhers, 40 King's Schollars* and
4 Lord's Schollarsi- -iPaif/'j-Schopl -,• Merchant-Taylor's-
School, the Cbatter-Houfe, Mefrer't-Cbtppel, &c. allwdl
Endowed by feveral Benefactors. ¦
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MONMOUTHSHIRE. 93
MokMOVTHSHlREijn Lat. Monumetben- Name and
fis Comitams,caW'd formerly Wentftet or Wentftand, situation.
By the Brit. G'went was reckon 'd a Weljh County, bile
now an Engtifia one, divided on the South' from Brech
pock and" Herefordjhjre'y on the North 'tis feparated'. fron\
part of Hereford By die River Myitwy, on the' fraftfrom
@locefterjhife by the Wye, on the Weft'frotti'Glanlorgan-
jhire by Rumney, and on the South' it bbrdel's upbrrtlie'
Severn's pionth.
By' the lnd'uftry of the Inhabitants it is fruitful tho' ' = ..
Hilly, yielding abundance of fmall Cattle, Sliee^Cofn; L.mwft'
Fifli, particularly the Rivers Vfk and rfye ate full of %Pf%
Salmon arid' Trouts, here are alfo a great fnany Wood's lroims'
and plenty of Game,
The firft Inhabitants in the Romans time, Were rtam'd nUji,.
Silures, a Numerous" and Valiant Tribe of the" Britains,
who long refitted die Roman- Cohqiiefts, and could ndtMWf*
be entirely fifod'ued by fiffm Agricola and his focceffbri,
for after them, they" made divers Inroad's into die Ter
ritories of their Neighbours to Plunder1, SY. and they
were famous for beingthe moft fkilful Archers ofWales,
"tis now under the Bifhop of Londof.
The Principal-Rivers are die Rymney', trie Ebwiit, in* j>ivers
fo which.rhsfe Streams run the Sroway, the EbwithVaw- ^ '
re and the 'Ebwitti Vath tlie'Drte runs th'to*' ttie'rijltfdle
of the County, and increas'd by the VVatefs df ifteny
/Streams; as ofthe 4von, the" Birihin, the Gl'edagji'vagb,
the Fidant, the Govern, the Xjbby, the Wie', arid' the
Pyjl: The great River of Wye joyns 'with 'the tAUwye
2nd the Trothy, and empties" it felf into tile Seve'rh'bt-
yond> Chepflow, near the IHe of St. Treacle.
' Tlie Air is healthful arid temperate, and1 the Soil ;
-fruitfuli chiefly the Valleys that yield abundance of Corn ~T '**
and Grafs... a> the Hills Cattle Sheep add" Goafs, &c. Sotl'
.and by Ind^ftry the Hills ate Fruitful.
It'ftretches about 24 iJliles inTength, from Remfin'ey
in the South 'to Llantony in the North, arid Extent
in breadth, from Chepflow in the Eaft to Bloflagiwem in Acres,
the Wefti about 2.0 Miles. In this Compafs it contains Houfes
34000 Acres, 6490 Houfes, 6 Hundreds, 127 Parifhes, gtf£ fit*-
7 Market-towns, whereof only the Shire ToWn ispri* bit'onts.
viledged: to fend'Members to Parliament, atffiVe^TOp
Soujs, about 1,2800 able Men forthe War.
The; Town of Monmouth only chufeth two Parliament B gs
Men befides the twoKnigtits ofthe Shire. - *
In the North corner of the County ftobd the Abpr 'Jr™'
of Lkntonyt, near die River Hotbney arid PTattereliiW,% C ,ntoa;
in a- folitary Valley call'd' EW\i$f 'twas built by oie *"*""*""
' WdfXir

94 M O N M O U T H S H I % E.
Walter Lacy , and was in great repute for the fuppofed
fanctity of its Monks. The River winds about thehfgh
and,16fty Hills near feveral Villages as Gomiqyet Aliyrry-
nis, Walterfton, Lanfilio, and wafhes Gryfmond- Caftle,
qr GrofmOm an ancient Seat and the Ruins of Skinfmb-
Caftle; , In this part of the County the Hills lift up
their Heads very high, as Pennvaiell, and Shkiduaure-
Hill, On the top of which is a Chappel. The River
Mon- Mynwy runs along the Valleys to the Town of 'Monmouth
mouth, which is built between this River and the Wye, where
Mark. Sat. *he frothy joyns with diem both. The Weljh nariie this
Town Mynwy, and We-monmouth ; 'tis pleafantly fituated
arid' had Walls arid a ftately Caftle, where Henry 5 was
born ; and therefore call'd Henry of Monmouth, and Ge-
ofry qf Monmouth the Hiftorian. It has two well built
Bridges and a Church, a goodly Fabrick, but very Po-
pulous, govern'd by a Mayor, 2 Bayliffs 15 Common*
Tbe Honor Cciunfellers, a Town-Clark, &c. K. Charles I, made
it .an Earldorn, and. granted it to Robert Lord Carey 'of
Leppington, but fince' K.Charles the lid. made fame's ¦
his natural Son Duke of Monmouth. Of whom a Poet
writes thus in the beginning of his difgrace.
Undone difgrac'd forlorn made fortunes Sport ,
Banifh'd ybur Kingdoms firft and then your Court,
Outof my places turn'd then out of Doorsi '
And made the meaneft of your Sons of Whores, ,
^Vould I had been the Brat of fome mean Drab,'
Whom fear or fhafne.had caus'd to Choakor Stab j
Rather than be the iflue of a King, r
And made by him" fo mean and loft a tning,.&c.
The Right Honourable Charles Lord Mordant hasbeen
created by his prefent Majefty' Earl of Monmouth, who
fince the Death of the late Earl of Peterborough, fue-
ceeds to that Honour and enjoys both.
The River after 'tis encreas'd by the former Streams
panes by Pennalth, Chofe^LLandego, Carcajjici, St. Arvan
Chepftow and falls down to Ckpfiop, fituat on thefidefpf a Hill
M. Sat. ¦. .call'd by the Brit. Kgfw&t or Caftelb Gwent A famous
Town that owes its beginning to the ruins of Venta Silu-
rum the chief City of that' Tribe, about 4 Miles : front
tfience, it was once Wall'd and had a Caftle and a Prio
ry, but nqw nothing but the Ruins appear. It" has a
v .fair Bridge over the Wye , and near to it 'is a large ,
Moor or Marfh that overflows when the River fwe'ls
1 above meafure. About 5 Miks to the Weft ftopd Strig-
»a)-Caftle , belonging formef ly to the Clares Earls "6f
Pembroke.

95

Aber-Ga-

M ON MO U TH1.HI R B.
Pembroke. Near the Mouth of the River is Port Skewetb
where a Fort was built as a Bridle to the Weljh , but
they overthrew it under the conduct of Prince Kjradock,
^.'1065, near Caldecot at the mouth of the Rifer Trogoy
are the ruins of another Caftle which belong'd to the
Conftables of England. Not far from hence are Wondy
and Penbow, the Seats in former days of the moft Illu
ftrious family of St. Maur how .commonly call'd Seimoitr
a Family famous for their ancient Nobility, as for their
prefent Vertues, Wealth and numerous Branches. In
the Land flood Bysfheton-CakWe , and •on the Sea fhOre
Golddyff point fo nam'd from its fhining appearance, at
a diftance to the Eye, when the -Sun is in its Meridian.
The Fenny Ground adjoyning, is call'd the Moor, often
overflowen with the great Tydes ; all about this Coun
try have been found' Roman Altars, Medals, Coins, and
ancient InfCTiptions.
The River Vske or Ifca inLat. runs thro' the middle
ofthe County, and rifes near the old Gobanyiium, now
Aber.Gavenny,a large and Populous Town, where there
is a good Trade for Flannels and Straw-Hats; It was
once well fortified andjhad a ftrongCaftle,but now decay- ]^nnJ'
ed. 'Tis a Barony belonging to the Right Honqura-
ble George Nevil Lord -of Abergavenny. Lower is Vske
anciently BurriunC, in Brit. Brynbiga or Burenbegi or K\aer Ufke
¦Wysk, It had a Caftle and is now a Populous arid Mark- M. Mund.
et-town, fituat where the River Birthin falls into Vske and Fryd.
Water. , Nearer the Sea are lanbadock , LLanUowel , ,
, L Lantriffon, L langeby, L lanbed,&c. The River vifits next
Carlion or Caer Leon, where was an ancient and farhous Caer.
City of the Romans call'd lfca., here was a Legion quar- Lheion.
ter'd, commonly Legio Secunda Augufta or "Britiannica, M. Tb.
to command the Silures ; here divers old Monuments
have been found and digd out of the Earth, and we
are told that ft. was a City of confiderable ftrerigth well
fortified, famous for Men of Learning, Phildfophy, and
Aftrology, as well as for Performs of renowned' Society.
Here K. Arthur kept his Court, here Dubritim refign'd
the Arehiepifcqpal Honour. to David of Mese^/i, here
Ampbibalm who converted St.' Alb an to the Chriftian
, Faith was born, and here divers fuftered Martrydom. It
- hath now awooden Bridge over. theRiver and theruiris of
na old Caftle. Nearer the Spa' wee meet With Hewpor a ,
Town, that is rifen out "of 'the Ruins of Carlion or lfca. Newport
At the Havens mouth the River Ebwitb runsinto the Salt- M. Sat.
water , rifing amongft the high Hills, vifits near the Sea
Tredeager a fine Seat of an ancient wealthy, famous and

Penry-
Pool.
•M.Sat.

¦PtUaces.

$6 MO if M *> tt f H S H I R &
and vertup.us Family of the Morgans, who Jiave large pof-
fefjipns here and .etfewhere in England and VVaie, Of
which famrlv is tfobn Morgan Efq; a worthy Gendemaii
and Merchant of Land> Over againft Gold CMe
jp the middle qf the Severn is a ftnall Ifland call'd
Denny life, and' on the Coaft Trinity Chappel^
whereof the Church-Yard has been almaft all wafh'd
away with the Tyde. Between the Rivers Ebwith and
%OT?yftandpa.riygooa good Villages in a fruitful and
pleafant SoiL, as 'St. Brjfdfs, Coydkirne, MarfhSeM, Petet-
fton, Rornpney, St. Helens^ VtaHnyhangelveddd,&c. A-
i-ftOFig.fr. the 'Hills is another Market-town call'd Pmtj-
pdof fituat upon the River Avon, where -ate Iron Mills-
"wliich brings thegreateft Trade to this Town. A little
higher are the, great, large and lofty Hills call'd Bh-
tehch HillS and many Woods.
The Principal Pallaces aje pear Monntimb0oyAtotife,^.
npble Fabrick built by the late Duke of' Be attfoinor a refi-
dencefqr the Marquis of vi^r<e/rer' his Eldeftitfee1 prefent
pukjs of Beaufort, whphas alfo thefe foll6w,rig5featS,AK!B-
«j9«^-Caftl.e, RaglandJCaS(le,C^epflow-tiMei Chepftow
Gr^ftgeand Tint.^n-h^f.jtbetgavennj-CifAs belongs to-
the Lord ofthatname; St. Jfultons is the Lord Her ben's
qfcherbury;Matkern-Va\\Ke neat Chepflow, is the habita
tion pfdfe Bifhop qfLahdaff.
Jn this County divers ftrange and ancient Monu
ments ofthe Romans have been found, which may and
are reckpn'd as great rarities by the Antiquaries. A
Statue pi a Perfon in a ffiort trqffedhabft, with Bow and
Arrows 3nd the fragmertt of an Alta* Were digffd out
Of g Meadow, 4, iiSba. near Caer Leion, The: Altar
fiad art jhfcriptipn of Haterianttt. "Legat of Aug. and
Prqnnelqr ofthe Province pfCilicia,'and other fuch like
Monuments of Antiquity have been found in feveral
places.As^. 1654, another Altar' was difcovered under
ground, dedicated to tfupiter Dolicbenui by Sempronim
Recius near the fame Town,' and a large Coffin of Free-
ftone containing a Leaden Sheet wrapt about an Iron
Frame, with a Skeleton in the middle. Here likewife
haVe been found Earthen Plates; Cpyns , other Statues'
and aBrafs Rarris-horn, all relicks ofthe- Rma)A Time.
The ;tord Lieutenant qf this County is the- Right Ho
nourable ?!!><?. Earl of Pembroke.
It pays, to the 2 j, Aidrheftunm of 4906ft 3^ %d. fy

Rariti's-

tordLieu,
Ppu. Tax.

XO R*

NORTHUMBERLAND. n3
NORTHUMBERLAND, in Sax. Nortan-humber- Name and
land, in Lot. Northumbria, is a Maritime County, Situation.
.fhe furcheft in die North of England, having on the Eaft
the Beljdck Ocean, in the Weft Cumberland, and part of
Scotland, ovt the North the River Tweed, that parts it
from Stptland, and on the South the County of Durham,
from which it is divided by the River Tyne.
'Tis a County not fo fruitful in Corn and Grafs, as o-
ther Counties, but it makes amends for that want, by the .mm*'~
great plenty of Coal that is ftiip'd away from hence to t,es*nd¥ro-
London, and elfewhere ; yet Fifh and Fowl are here very "'"'
cheap. - The firft Inhabitants were by die Romans named Otta- jfa j^^.
dint, Oftdini, or Ottadeni ; and was under the Ssxan King tants.
ofthe Northumbers, and is now fubject to the Bifhop of
Durham. ; The chief Rivers are Tweed, Tyne, Itching, Bowbent, Rivers.
the Eaft and Weft Mon, Coquet, &c.
The Air is fharp in Winter, inclinable to Froft and Snow Air and Soil.
chiefly on the top of the Hills, but 'us moderated by the
Sea, and warm Vapours that break out of the Coal-Pits.
The Land on the Coaft is plain, and fruitful •, but the
In-land Country rifes into many Hills, which are not fo
fruitful as the lower Ground.
This County is in length, from North to South, about F
40 Miles, in breadth from Eaft to Weft ; in the broadeft 77
part, about 30, containing 1370000 Acres, 22740 Houfes, Nres', /-
^440 Inhabitants, 45480 Men fit for War, 6 Wards, r„hJl °!
460 Parifhes, 12 Markec-Towns ; three only, namely, mnmtms>
Newcaflle, Morpeth, and Barwick, fend Members to Par
liament, befides the two Knights of the Shire.
The South-weft pare of the County is call'd Hexamfhire, Defcription.
and was formerly under the Jurifdiction of the Arch-
Bifhop of Tor\ ; but now 'tis govern'd as the reft of the Hexam
Csunty, by Act of Parliament, South Tyne rifes near Mark. Tuef.
Alftenmw, where is an old Copper Mine, and runs by
Lambley, formerly a Nunnery, by Fetherflon-Hall, and
Betlifler-Caffle. At a fmall diftance are Thirlwall, where
the Scots broke the Wall to enter England ; and Blenleen-
fop, an ancient Seat in Cumberland-fide , Brampton and
Nawoth-Cattle, upon the River Irth'mg, belonging to the
Earles of Cariifle. Here was found an Akar, dedicated
to a Country God Vit'treneus. Near to it is Caer-varran,
probably the Old Glanoventa. To follow the Wall, we
meet with Iverton, Forften, and Chefler, in the Wall near
Bufy-Oapfi, a noted place for Robberies. Towards Scot
land the River Tyne rifes and paffes through a Valley, call'd
Tyndale, where are Wliitchefler, Delaley, and Tarjer, noted
Q^ places.

114 NORTHUMBERLAND.
- places. Beyond it is Redes'sDale,. where are to be feen
Rochefter, Greencbefter, and Rutchefler, with many heaps of
. Stones, Where Perfons of Account have been buried ;
and divers Infcriptions have been found dedicated to the,
Gods and Goddeffes1. 4Ipdn the River Rhead is Otter- <
borne, a place remarkable for a fierce Encounter between
the Englifl) and the Scots. Near to it are Ellefdon, Rifing-
ham, Bellingham, remarkable places. The Fort of Wal-
reickj, • St. Ofwald, and Haledon, where St. Ofwald turn'd
Chriftian, after he had obrain'd a great Victory over the
Scots, and Pills; the old Axelodunum and Hexam are moft
remarkable ; the next are Dilflon , Corobridge, Colecefler^
Biwell. Peudhow-Caftle upon Tyne, probably the old Prq-
tolitia that defended it felf" in the days of Hen. 2d. againft
the King of Scots, Port-Gate, a paffage through the Wall
Halton-Hall. Beyond the Wall, the River Pont rifes and
runs by Fenwicl^ffall, a Seat of a Famiy of that Name.
Near to it is old Winchefter, the old Vindelana. Headon, part
of the Barony of H. de Bolebec.
-, n, Newcafile difcovers it felf next Scituat on the rifing
wewearae of a Hj]1 on the North f](k of the River ^ having a
M.iuej.ana fair Bridge ieanjng^over mt0 p,urham. 'Twas firft call'd
Saturdays. Mynk:Cbefter, becaufe of Monks here inhabiting ; but
D. Robert the Norman, built here a Caftle againft the
Scotch, and named it Newcafile. Tis a Town and County
of it felf, govern'd by a Mayor, 12 Aldermen, a Recor
der, &c. having four Parifh-Churches, and one in Gates-
Head a Suburb. The Town is large and populous, the
Hav^n fafe and capacious ; 'tis a place of great Trade,
built about feven Miles from the Rivers Mouth, and for
tified with a Wall. The Ships come up to the Key, but
the Coal-Fleet cake in their Loading at Sheales, nearer
the Sea. 'Tis an Earldom granted by King James X.
to Lewis Stuart, D. of Lenox-, fince by King Charles l.
to H. Cavendifh created Earl of Newcafile, An. 1627, and
Marquis 1643. Tis now a Dukedom, enjoyed by the Illu
ftrious John Holes, Earl of Clare^ Dnke of Newcafile.
It lies in 54 degrees, and 57 minutes Latitude , and>2t-
degrees, arid 30 minutes Longitude. Upon the River are
the black Midd'ms, dangerous Rocks. The County round
is full of Coal- Pits •, and at Fenham, a little Village, fome
Coal-Pics are continually burning. Nearer the Sea was
the Walls End, where was an ancient Station of Roman
Soldiers, called Vindobala, or V'mdonffea -, and a little
lower Tunnocellum, now Tinmouth-CaVSe ; by the Sax.
Tunnacefter. Along the Coaft are Seaton and Seghill, the
old Segedunum, and the River Blithe that paffes by Belfey,'
and the c7g/e-Caftle, a noted Barony. We meet nexc wz'th the

NORTHUMBERLAND. 115
the River Wentsbeckj, or Wentsbeach, that runs by Mitford,
a noted place, and Morpeth, a Bayliff-Town, and plenti
ful Market on Wednefday. The Earl of Cariifle ;is Vif-
count Morpeth. Upon the Sea-fide ftands Withrmgton-
Caftle. The River Coguet joyns with the Silc-water, ac a
little diftance ; it rifes amongft the Cheviot Hills, and vi-
'fits Billefdun, Harbottle, Halyflon, Warleworth-Cafile near the
Sea. A little further is the. River Alam, or Alne, that
waters Twifford, and Alnewickj a noted Town for a fa- a ]„-„..•- 1,.
mous Victory againft the Scots, where their K. Will, was ^ |
aken Priforier, and prefented to Hen. II. and where
Malcolme their K. was kill'd, and his Son Edw. died of his
Wounds. On the Sea-fhoar ftands Dunfiaburg-Caftle,Bam-
borrow and Emildon, a Barony, the Birch-place of John
Scbtus the fubde Doctor, of whofe Death a Poet fpeaks.
Your Face wasdoubcfultoo: Death boafts to be
The firft that chous'd you wich a Fallacy ;
Who, left your fubde Arts, your Life fhould fave,
Before fhe ftruck, fecur'd you in the Grave.
More towards Scotland is the River Tweed thus defcribed :
The Pills are fever d from the Englifh Ground,
By Tweed, (fo call'd of old) a certain Bound.
This River rifes in Scotland, and at the Village of Carram
feparates die two Kingdoms. Beyond I^er^-Caille,the Poffef-
fion ofthe noble Family of the Greys, 'tis increafed by the
Waters of the River Tili,or the Bramifh ; upon the Eanks is
fmme-Bramton, a fmall Village, that was once of good Ac
count. From hence ic runs co Bengely, to Edelingham, and
Chillingham, remarkable places. Near to them is Wottover, a
Town and Barony. A liccie further the Till-River receives Weller JW,
the Glen chat paffes through a Valley named Glendale, where Thurf.
are Teverin and Melfeld, cwo ancient Seacs 5 and Brumford
near 'Brumridge, where King Athelflan overcame Anlaf die
Dane-, the River runs by iW-Caftle and Etal ; overagainft
them rifes the high Mouncain of Floddon,_ famous for che
overrhrow and Death of James rhe Fourth, who, to gra-
tifie che French, entered England, when K. Hen. VIII. was
at the Siege of Tournay ; he was entouncer'd by Tho. How
ard, Earl of Surrey, who gain'd fo much Honour in chis
Baccle,' thac he had an addition co his Arms.
^Ttveed having joyn'd with Till, flows with a larger Stream
by Norhom or Northam, a Town of thejBifhbp of Durham's.
The Caftle is built on a fteep Rock, and moted round. At
Kitley, a Village near to Norbam, were found che Scuddsof a
Knight's Belc, ; wich che Hilt of a Sword of Maffie Gold.
The Tweed vifits next che Walls of a ftrong Town call'd
Berwick^ the laft Town of England? towards Scotland, vari?
Q 2 oufly

ijf5 NORTHUMBERLAND.
Berwick oiifly writcen in old Records, Berewica, Berwicbus, Bere-
M. S. mea, or Berewkha, which ftgnifies a Corn-Farm. It be
long'd anciently to Scotland, but was furrender'd by Will.
King of Scots, forhisRanfom, when Prifoner to Hen. II,
Richard I. reftor'd it to them for Money: It often fell
into the Poffeflion of che Englifh and Scotch, till Q. Elix.
Fortified ic as che Bulwark,,of the Kingdom on that fide.
It Hands in 5 j degrees, 43 minutes North Latitude, and
21 degrees, 47 Longitude •, and is governd by a Mayor,
Bayliffs, and Burgeffes', and enjoys a good Trade, and a
plentiful Market on Saturdays, of Corn,Fifh,and Flefh,j5rc,
It has a ftately Bridge oyer the Tweed. (
On che Coaft are divers fmall lflands belonging sto this
County, Cocket, Holy-Ifland, and Farn-Iflands. Cochjt lies
lflands. over-againft Wither'mgton- Caftle. Holy-Ifland, anciently
¦* ' nam'd Lindisfam, a Bifhops See in che beginning of Ghri-
ftianicy in thefe pares, and enjoyed fucceisfully 22 Bifhops
from Bifhop Aidan, removed from hence to Durham. The
Air is unhealthy, and the Soil ungrateful, yet it ttath a
Town, a Church, and a Caftle, and boafts of nothing
but of plenty of Fifh and Fowl. Farn-Iflands are a knot
of lflands overagainft Bamburgh, of no great Account, nor
Value, becaufe of the courfenefsof the Ground, anduri-
wholfomnefs of che Air.
In this County are fome ocher Towns, as Haltwefel,
arid Beltingham , upon the River Tyne ; Rothbury upori
Coquet, and Learmouth near Twede. Several have en
joyed the Honour of Northumberland. John Dudley, Earl
of Warwick.,' beheaded by Queen Mary , was Duke of
Northumberland. John Nevil, Lord Mount ague, was Earl of
Northumberland, An. 1377. but the Family of che Tierces
Honour. long enjoyed this Earldom, till Joceline the laft died at
Turin. Now George Fit^-Roy, third Son of the Dutchefs
of Cleaveland, is Duke of Northumberland.
The principal Bacdes in chis County were at Alnwick.,
Malcolm, King of Scots invading Northumberland, was (lain
wich his Son Edward, An. 1092, by Rob. Mowbray. And
Battles. at the fame place, An. 1 1 74, WitTiam K. of Scots was taken
Prifoner by the Englifh, and his Army routed, An. 129-5.
At Berwick. 2 5000 Scots were flain in a Battle.
p ,. Pallaces are, Alnwick, Warkworth, and PriwWwe-Caftle ,
rauaces. ^e Dute of 5wBWflryrt!s. o^Caftle, Bothal-Cafile, and
Hepple-Tower, the late D. of ,Newcaflle'&; Morpeth-Gattle,
the E, of Carlifle's; DarwentwateraadDilflone, E.Darwent-
water's; Work,, ChiUingham, Dmftabury, and .fl&rton-Caftles,
E. Tankervil's ; Widdrington, Lord Widdringtoris, &c.
The Lord Lieutenant of this County is
It pays in the 2 s. Aid 7274 /. 8, s. 8 d. ,
NOT-

NOTTINGHAMSHIRE. u7
NO XT TNG HAMS HIR E,Nottinghamienfls Comita- Name and
tHs in Sax. Snottengahamfcyre, is an inland County, Situation
bordering on Uncolnfhire Eafterly, on Derbyjhke Wefterly,
on Torkjkire Northerly, and on Leiceflerfhire Soucherly.
It yields Corn, Grafs, Wood, Coal, Sheep, and Wool, Commodi-
and has a certain Scone fofter chan Alablafter, buc when tiesandPro-
burnt, maketh a Plaifter harder than that of Paris, with dulh.
which chey ftoar their upper Rooms, and it becomes ex
ceeding hard.
The firft Inhabicants were by che Romans, named Cori- old Inhabi
tant, a numerous Tribe that was fubdued by them, and tants
lived in conftanc amity with them. Buc after the Saxon's
Conqueft, chis Councy belong'd to che Kingdom of Mer-
cia, and is under che Diocefs of Tork.
The principal Rivers are che Trent, che Idele, che Me- Rivers.
den, che Erw.iflj ; and many leffer Screams.
The Air is very pleafanc, mild, and wholfom; che Air andSoil.
Councry being fhaded with Woods and Trees, and wacer-
ed wich many frefh Springs. The Soil is excraordinary
fruitful near che Rivers ; and in divers places is a deep
JCIay, in others it is alcogether fandy.
Tis noc very large,for ic hach in breadth about 19 Miles Extent A-
from Befthorp in che Eaft, co Taverfal in the Weft ; and in Cres and
lengch from Steanford in the South, to Fiimyngley in the numbers of
Norch, 40 Miles, containing 8 Wapen-cakes 168 Pa- Inhabitants.
rifhes, 8 Market Towns, 56000 Acres, 1755° Houfes,
JOS300 Inhabicants, about 35000 able Men for War.
Buc three Towns fend Members to Parliament, Nottin- gur£efs.
gham, Newark* and Eaft- Redford, befides che cwo Knighcs Towns.
of che Shire ; in all, eight Members ouc of chis County.
The 7Vew, in Sax. Treonta, encers chis Cauncyv near T)ercr;ptj0t,
Steanford, and Clifton, and joyning with the little River offfocoun-
L'm, which rifes near Newfted, where flood a fmall Mo- «
haftery, built by Hen. If. now the Seat of che Lord
Byforis, paffes by Woliaton, a fine Seat of che Willoughb/s,
and after runs co Nottingham, in Lot. Nottinghamia, a neat Nottin-
Town upon a Hill, water'd by the River Leone, having gham Mar-
three Parifhes, and a Caftle built upon a high Rock, on ket Wednef-
the Weft fide of che Town, formerly very ftrong, wich day, Friday,
two Scone-bridges on the Leone and Trent. The Town was andSatur-
Walld ; buc now che Caftle and Fortifications are much days.
decayed, yec fome Vaulcs, as Mortimefs-Hole, &c. under
Ground, and other Marks of Antiquicy, are chere difco-
yer'd, and fliewn to Strangers. The Town is beautiful,
boafting not only of che Strength, and lofty Situation of
its Caftle, of ics fair Houfes, Streets and Trade, but alfo
of its beautiful Market-place : Tis govern'd by a Mayor, Six

ji8 NOTTINGHAMSHIRE.
Six Aldermen, Two Sheriffs, Two Chamberlains, a TownJ
Clark, fyc. and is an Earldom, now belonging to die
Right Honourable, Learned and Vercuous, Daniel Finch,
the Sop of the moft Eloquent Perfon of his Days. He-
wage Baron Finch of Dawentry, created Earl of Notting
ham, by King Charles II. and chen Lord Chancellour of
England. This was the place where King Charle* I. erected
his Royal Scandard againft che Parliament. For that rea-
fon, though it had been Garifon'd by them, they, after
the War, commanded the Caftle to be demolifhed; yet
the lace Duke of Newcafile, who bought it from the Duke
of Buckingham, built here a fumpcuous and ftacely Fabrick.
The Trent runs from hence co Holm-Pierpount, belong
ing co an ancient Family, and after co Shelford, an old
Barony, where was a Houfe Garifon'd for che King , but ,
Scormd and burnc, and Collonel Phill. Stanhope, wich all
his Men that kept it, put co the Sword. The river runs
next to Stolee, a fmall Village, fam'd in former Days for a
Baccle, where John de la Pole, Earl of Lincoln, defign'd for
che Crown, by Rich. IIL was* deftroyed wich his whole
Parcy,^l«. 1447- At fome diftance, upon a fmall Stream
call'd Suite, thac runs into che Trent, ftands Southwell, a
Town where was a Collegiate Church ; and cowards Dar-
byfhire, Sherewood, Tbomeywoad, Beskypood, and Hexgrave-
Parks, wich Blodworth- Forreft, and Lyndhwsfl-wood, all pla
ces bf Noce. Newark, upon Trent, deferves the next ac
count, 'tis a populous, a large, and well built Town, ha
ving a fpacious Market-place, where 10000 Men were
once drawn up in Baccle, by che Lord Bellafys, then Go
vernour, who ftoucly defended it againft che whole Scot's
Army. 'Tis govern'd by*an Alderman, and twelve Af-
liftaflts, ic hach a beautiful Church and Steeple, and had
formerly a ftrong Caftle builc by Alex. Bifhop of Lincoln,
buc nowruinaced ; 'tis in the ftrait Road co Tork, and en
joys a good Trade, and a Market on Wednefday. The Ri
ver funs next co Litleborow, che old Agelorum or Segelorum ;
for here Roman Coins are found in digging, call'd by the
Councry, SwrneJ-Pennies. On the Weft of Trent is Tux-
ford, Sirnamedin che Clay, where Charles Read, Efquire,
builc a fair School, and endowed ic wich 50 /. per An,;
Near che Erwafb thac runs into the Trent, is Strelley, the
Seat of the Sturly's, an ancienc Family ; more in the
Shirewood County grows a thick Wood, call'd Shirewood, the Retreat
Mansfeld of Robin Hood and his Comrades, not far from Mansfield, a
good Towri,renown'dforMauIt,and other Proyifions. Near
Newarkjis a famd place for the Wifdom of the Inhabi-
bicancs, caltYUherefbre, The Wife Men of Gotham, buc it
hath

Stoke

SouchwellMarketSaturdays. Newark.

Tuxford Market Mondays.

Markets Thurfdays,

NOTTINGHAMSHIRE. n9
hath a beautiful Scone that is hard and finer than Marble.
Out of Shirewood runs Idle, chac gives Name co Idleton,
and paffes by Markfiam, the Name of an ancient Family,
of which was a famous Lord Chief Juftice, John Mark;
ham. About 6 Miles is Workenfop, noted for its good Li- Worken-
quorice, and for a ftately Houfe of che Duke of Norfolk^. fop Market
Near to it is Blithe, or Blyth, a good Markec-Town, on Wednesdays
Thurfday; it had a Caftle and a Monaftery now decayed. Blyth '.Mar-
Beyond it is Swoby, a Seac of che Arch-Bifhop of Tortus, hi jhurf- '
The other Market-Towns are Br'mgham, Markec Thnrf- ^ ...
days, in the Vale of Belvoir; Redford, a Bayliff-Town, other. Mar-
and a good Markec on Saturdays, &c. , 'fat Towns
The Bacdes were at Nottingham, An. 1 140, when Robert, Battles.
Earl of Gloucefler, in defence of his Sifter's Right, Maud,
againft King Stephen, burnt Nottingham. Likewife in our
Civil Wars, many bloody Conflicts happened in this Coun
ty! between the King's Parcy and the Parliament's.
The Noblemen's Houfes are, Workfop, D. of Norfolk]* ; Pallaces.
Nottingham-Caftle,Welbeck;Abbey,ClarehoufeinNottingham,and Houghton, the Duke of Newciflle's; Rttffbrd, the Marquis v-
of Halifax's ; Holm, Pierepomt, Earlof Kingflon's ;, She'l->
ford, che Earl of Cheflerfield's; Newfted- Abbey, BullwelU
Park;, and Linby, the Lord Byron's; Aver ham, arid Kelham,'
Lord Lexington's. ' :
The Lord Lieutenant of this County, is the HluftriousT- Lieute-
John, Duke of Newcafile. - nine.
It paysin the Two Shilling Aid, 13638 I. '$s. $d\. Poundage.

What was omitted, and is to. be added to tbe
Defer iption. of Lincobifliire.
ON the Weft pare of L'mcolnfliire , joyning to this
County, upon the River Trent, ftands Stow, an old Scow m
Town chac was once a M#naftery. In che fame Parifri is Lincoln-
Stretton, a Village where che Roman Caufey appears ; yet, foire.
andin a Field belonging to ic, are many Ophites, Scones
like Serpents, rolled up together ; near to it is Gainsborow, Gainsbo-
a famous Station of che Danifh Ships. Here Sueno Ttugskege, rowMarleet
a Tyrant of thac Nation, was fuddenly, and defervedly, Tuefdays.
kill'd, by an unknown Hand, for his wicked Robberies.
In this pare of che Councy, "tis fuppos'd chac che old Burton
Sidnacefler ftood. Upon this River is alfo Burton, or Burton- Market Sa-
flather near the Humber. Hereabouts three Rivers, the turdays.
Trent,

lac LINCOLNSHIRE.
Trent, the Idel, and the Dun, incompafs an Ifland, call'd
Axelholm, about 10 Miles long, and 5 broad. In the
Fenny pare grows an odoriferous Shrub, call'd Gall ; the
middle of che Ifland being higher Ground, is a fruitful
Soil, yielding plenty of Flax, as well as Grafs, and Corn,i
and a foft Alablafter. To this Ifland a fmajl Town he-j
Axey longs, call'd Axel, or Axey, where was an old Caftle of
the Mbwbrays. ; a little higher, near Metwood-Parkj ftandsl
Botterwicki !
Other Mar- The ocher Market Towns are Grantham in the Tork.
ket Towns Road- The Steeple of the Church is fo high, thatj
in Lincoln- *t feems c0 fean on one fid&> as & K weIe ready to,
ft,jre> fall ; its Market is Saturdays. Towards the Sea is Din-
nington, a good Markec for Hemp, Corn, Fifh, Fowl, and
other Provifions, on Saturdays. Spilsby, on the fide of a
Hill near the Sea-Coaft, Market Mondays; Market Stantoni
Markec Saturdays ;Market Barton,on che Borders of Tarkfhirl
near the Sea, has a Market Tuefdays ; Wnbrook Wednefday s 1
Burgh, Folkjngham, Holbicb, Wragby, Naverby, Market Thurfi
Market days, and Beckjngham, near to it is NbrtmDifney, an an-r
Towns. cient and worthy Family of chis County, fiippos'd to be
corrupdyfo named for D'Afiflgny, a numerous and honou
rable Family of Little. Britony beyond Sea.
Battles in Befides the Batdes between che Saxons and the old Bri-
Lincoln- tains, and between the Saxons and the Danes, $ Sep. An.
fl^e, ;' 1 140. Robert Earl of Gloucefter, and Ralph Earl of Chefler^
Commanded an Army for Queen Maud, encoumter'd wich
King Stephen, rouced his Forces, took him Prifoner, and
font him to Briftol in Irons. Likewife An. 1217. Hen. II.
overcame che French Dauphin Lewis, and his Confederate
Barons in a bloody Fight, took the City of Lincoln, and
drove him back inco France. At Winceley,An,i6^. Octob. 5;
was a cruel Fight between Oliver Croffwe^commandingdu
Parliamenc Forces, and Collonel Henderfon and che Lore
yfiddrington che King's Party, where the laft loft che Vi
ctory.
Pallaces in The Pallaces hxLmcohfhire, are Normanby, che Marquif
Lincoln- of Normanby's ; fletaw'r-Gaftle, Earl of Rutland's; Sem
foire. pringham, and Tatterfhall, Earl of Lincoln's ; Grimrthro}
and Earesby, Earl of Lindfey's; Blanbrey, Lord Wia
drington's; Worthy, Lord Bellamy's ; Ofgodby, Lady BeUafys's .;.
Xmco/n-Pallace, the Bifhop's.

OXFORD

OXFORDSHIRE. 121
OXFORDSHIRE, Oxomenfis Comitatus, is an In- Name and
land County, mcorapa&'&byBuckinghamj/hire on the Situation.
Eaft, Gtoceflerthire on the Weft, Warwick\and Northampton-
fliires on the Norch, and by Barkflnre on the South.
This County yields Plenty of Corn in the fpacious Fields, Commodi-
rich Paftures in the Meadows, abundance of Game boch ties and
for che Hawk and Hound in the Woods that crown all the Produlls.
Hills ; fo thac its Markets are plentifully ftored with all
manner of Provifions, and ic is as well Peopled as any o-
ther Councy. '
. The Primitive Inhabitants went by the Name of Dobuni. old Tnhabp.
From whence this Word is derived it matters not, only tants.
we may obferve, that chey were a numerous Tribe chac
inhabited this and fome neighbouring Counties-, chac chey
refilled che Romans under * Ofloriu* Scapula. During che * The An-
Hepcarchy it was pare of die Kingdom of Mercia, and now calites are
js fubject to the Jurifdiftion of the, Bifhop of Oxford. faid to have
The principal Rivers are the Tame, the Ifis, that run lived about
through the County ; the Cheiwell,the Windrufh, the Ever- Henley.
lode-, the Sarbrook,, the Glin, the Ok? , the Stour, ando-^-^.^
ther leffer Screams.
The Air is fo Sweec, Pleafanc, and Mild, chac ic invites AirandSoil
lither many of our Gencry, who have here cheir Habica-
ions.. And che Soil, cho' various, is very fruicful of
^orn and Grafs for the ufe of Man and Beaft, and the
fills are (haded wich Woods.
-. Tis in Lengch from Caverjham in the 8buth, to Cleydon Extent, A-
0 the Norch,abouc 38 Miles -, and ih Breadth, fromT<?»e cres, and
0 the Eaft, to Bur ford in the Weft, about 25 Miles, number of
IVichin chis Compafs it has about 534000. Acres „ near Inhabipants,
19000 Houfes at lead, 1 14000 fecded Inhabitants, atad &c.
ibout 38000 able Men fit for Service, 14 Hundreds, 280
Parifhes, 12 Market-Towns. It Commiflions Ten Mem
bers co Sic in Parliament, two out ofthe Univerfity, two Bur&fi-
wt qf the City of Oxford, two out of Banbury, two o\itToms'
yS-Wosdflock,, befides the two Knighcs of che Shire.
The Ifis entring into this County, runs, under Rodfot- Pefcription,
Wie to Bttblac, where Rob. de Vere, the great E. of Ox-
frd, a Favourite of King Richard II. was defeateel by the
Salons that envied his Honour, and forced hirn to fwim
)Ver the River on Horfeback, A litde lower it joyns with „ ,. - „
be Whdrufh, that comes ;from Burford, saidTpjingsoutg "oro/H*
if th6C6fwold-HilIs. .. Tis a populous Town, famous for , av'
ine Saddles here made, incompafled with Downs, fre-
menced by the Gentry for Horfe-racing. Here K.C«-
Wmec JEtbelbald .King of , the Mercians , being, weary
)f his Tribute ancHiard1 Subjection, and routed him ancj
his Army, taking from him his Standard, where was a
R Go!d?q

Vt7 Oxfordshire.
n-ieyM. Golden Dragon painted. It vifits' next Minfter-Louel,
' he), -or Witney, an old Town' near Coges and Wichwoof,
reft, and hoc far from Eirifham, a Royal-'Ville,ufituale_
mongft Meadows, that fhews the <?Ruines of a,deftf&j>$
Monaftery. £ The Evenlode joyns-'with the Ifis^aitetk^
left upon its Banks a round-Circle of Great Siondsfhkl%
khe'Rolle-rkh-Jhnes, faid by the Country Peopfef to beSfp
many Men 'uittfd into Stones; 'bitt more probably to have
been erefe-d after a notable -Victory. Near, to: ic is Hol^
norton, noted for its clownifh lahabkants-,'- and 'lower tl%
Glin encersthe .Ifis, running by Woodflock., a Royal Seat,
¦ wich 'a Park, famed for -thekeepinghere of . Rafimoni
Clifford,' the beautiful Miftrefs' of Ei.Hen.il.- the washett
furpriz'd in the King's Abfence; and fcrc d to fwa'llow
downa'CupOf Poyfon by die' jealous Queen Eleonora',- 'ftie.
wa"s but-ye-d .ztGodfiow-Nmmcnn- The 'Town is gbverlftj
by a Mayc*vai'id -A Mermen. ¦¦ A "little further the Ifis'- meer|
with the 'Chei welt; "that* comes. irbrti.-Eanbuiy, alfo 'a Kiaydfi
To'wri,"; fain oiis"for Cakes, 'Aie'and';.eheefe, where Kymic
the WfefttSaxbii overthrew the poor Britain*, who fougliij
for- theie Libertksi , Arid at Edgcot, .three Miles' from B-»^'
bury, another bloody Battle happened, Anno 1 469. "be
tween efee3 Hbiifes" of liw-^and -Lancafler, wherein che Di-
vifion between the E. of T^mhwk_and the Lord St'afflr%
gave &i& 'Advantage to tho-LuWaftrlm Party, -who oausM.'
th'kwte'-be^d-ieided, and Km* Edward IV. takerrPriforP*
er. It has che Honour of an Earldom Belonging to Nte®.
" Knowles-pFA'Vt- 'fcatibury. «¦ At a little diftance is the- Seat'
of th<l';VilTcoithd"'L9ty' and Se.il,' called Brougbtoni Heft
'•' the CheMeP-r tins through beautiful Fields^ loadteritii *"
••Corn ra^ric-fr'-hfeadows,, where ftands Deddmgtttifi~i\
nearer Vxfir'd,'-lflip, the Birthplace of Edward^e'CiS
feffot,;ffaWdiby him to die Church of Weflm'm&er. : TL
pTefe'A Patfon 'tis '; the Leirned and: OrfhodoxlD. Sous%
who" h'attta'ad^here'i a beautifttl Parfonage-Houfe, arid*
decent' Chappel,, 5?f- his own free Coft. Neaf tQ it is, "'
dindon, attdi fifcali Stream, the Rea, chic comeS irdrnl
"c'eft'e?;' or^BJ-^e^'1 Afterwards ail the leffer Rivers1!
with the:i/*,?to pay cheir Homage to che.Nobld ain
n^sGity-of Oxford, in:Sax.'Gxenford, inBritizGaert „,.
gelfii ot- ''C'aer^'iembiti and Rhidiychen.; and becaufe of its
irA&{aht:$fculitim<Bellofltum. It contains 15 ParifhiCniirch-'
Tpiand-a 'Cathedral. '•TwaSiifiade a Bifhop's S&fhfMubt
cheBth', a«d endowed with die Rents df "¦OiifneyAbbeyfa ""'
ASbington. The Cathedralwas firftrat 0«^eX a^Milg
but refn6vred hicher co Ctmfl+clwehi that-fhaehJabi:
arid 8 Prebendaries. Aftei-i the Deftruai&i:>o£ the B«.o
K. Alftpk Saxon, invited hither 'Eearnfrig; by-rfcuhdinj 'TJifivem'

pXFO|LpSHlR'E. 123
Vniverfity-College, A*: 872.' : .Since by divers Bene&ctcrs
here are at prefent 18 endowed Colleges, 'and 7 Halls,
about 30000 Students,' 'whereof ,1000a live- \ upon die
Rents of their Colleges. They are reckoried in this Or
der :
Vniverfity-College,.Voun'dtd by K. Alfied, An. 872. for ,.
12 Fellows, &C. ' Govern'd by D. Cbttrlctt Mafter. , College,- ,
« ABsihl-CsUc.-e, An. \26^ by J. Balid ai,d ¦Damgilla Iiis,^™a"J'>
Wife,: for i 2 Fellows, (&c. D. Maunders Matter, v . ;txc'
.Merton-Colle^e, An. 1274. by IV, Jr. de Mo ton, Lordi
Chancellor a:;d Bp. of Rochefter, for 19 Fdlows, 14 Scho-.
lars, D.Lydel Warden. , .,.. v;
Exeter-College. Founded 13 16. by WattiiStkpleton , B. of.
Exeter, for 23 Fdlows, (fire E>.. Painter Rector. .1
Oriel-College, Founded 1337. by ¥..- Edward Ti. fer 18""1
Fellows, 1 2 Scholars^ r^rc. D. Jcav/e Prrvoft., ¦ " . .
¦ •Queens-College, Founded 1340. by .Rob. Eaglesfield, B.D.*
for 1 5 Fellows, &c. D. Halt on Proved. . • 
New-College, Founded 1375. by W. Wickham; B. of Win- ¦
chefier, and Lord Chancellor, for 70* Fellows, 10 Chap-
Jains, 3 Clerks, 1 6 Chorifters, &c. D.Beefton Warden.
Lincoln-College , Founded 1420. by Rich. Fkming and
Tho. Rotheram, Bifncps of Lincoln , for 1 5 Fellows, &c. '
D, Adams Rector.
All-Souts-Coilege, Founded 1437- by H. Chicheley, Arch
bifhop of Cunt, for 40 Fellows, <jyc. D. Finch Warden.
Mag.'alen-College, Founded 1459. by W. Wainfleet, B. of
Winchefter, and Lord Chancellor, for 40 Fellows, 30 Scho
lars, (fyc. D. Hugh, Eifhop of Oxon, Prefident.
Bra^en-nofe-College, Founded 1 515. by W. Smith, Bifhop
of Lincoln, and Rich. Sutton, Efq; for 20 Fellows, &c, D.
Mear Principal. *
Corpm Chrifli-College, Founded 1516. by Rich. Fox, B.
of Winchefter, and Lord Privy Seal, K,r 20 Fellows , 20
Scholars, 'i^e. D. Turner Prefidenr.
Cbrift-Church-College, Founded 1546. by King Hen. VIII.
for 8^-Canons, 100 Students, tfyc. D. Aldrich Dean.
pnmty-College, ; Founded 1555. by Sir Tin. Pope, for 12 '
Feilo'sRrs, 12 Scholars, $r. D. Bothurft Prefident.
Sc. fohtis-Cbllege, Founded 1557. by Tho. White, Mer
chant-Taylor of Londoh, for 50 Fellows, &c. D. de L,aune
Prefident. Jefm-College, Founded 1572. by Q. Elizabeth, for 16
Fellows, 1 6 Scholars, c&c. D. Edwards Principal.
Wadham-College, Founded 161 3. by Nich. Wadham, and
his. Wife Dorothy, for 15 Scholars, foe. D. Dunlier Warden.
Pembroke-College, Founded 1620. by-Tho. Teifdale, Efq;
and' Rich. Wightwick,, B. D. for 15 Fellows, 11 Scholars,
D. ,fay? B. of Br iflol, Mafter. R2 W>r/?e/-

i«4 OXFORDSHIRE.
Worfler.College, or Gtocefler-Halli D. Wot<MF Provoft.
St. Edmund-Hall, Dr. Mill Principal.
St.Alban-Hall, Dr. BoxcWer Principal.
Hart-Hall, Dr. Thornton PrincipaL
New-Itm-Hall, Dr. B<w/jr Prinripal.
St. Mary-Hall, Mr. K3vtf Principal.
Magdalen-Hall, Dr. .Afenw Principal.
In all thefe Colleges and Halls are fair Chappels and
Libraries, befides the Publick Library, enrich'd An. 1597.
by Sir Tho. Bodley, its firft and chief Benefactor, and fince
by others. The New Theatre builc for Scholaftical Ex-
ercifes, by Gilb. Sheldon, lace Archbifhop of Canterbury;
and the Mufmm, by the Univerfity, for experimental
Knowledge chiefly in Phyfick, wich die Laboratory for
the Chymical Preparations, the Repofitory and Phyfick,
Garden, deferve our notice.
The Governmencof the Univerfity is manag'd by a
Chancellor, who is che Illuftrious James D. ofOrmond,
by a Vice-Chancellour ac prefenr, the Learned, Judicious,
and Reverend Dr. Maunder ; by cwo Proctors, &e.
Befides here's a Publick Oracor, a Keeper of Records, a
Regifter, 6 Beadles, a Verger, tfyc. The Corporation is
govern'd by a Mayor and Aldermen, tfyc who owe Subje
ction co the Vice-Chancellor, and are co be fworn to ob-
ferve the Privileges of the Univerfity. Here are Publick
Profeffors, who have Salaries: Two in Divinity, One in
Hebrew and Arabick, One in Greek, one in Law, one in
Phyfick, in Geomecry, Aftronomy , Nacural Philofophy,
Hiftory, Chymittry, a Bocannick Profeffor and a Mufick
Profelfor. The Excellency and Glory of Oxford cannot
be liimm'd up in fo (hort a Compafs, but deferves a larger
Volume. It ftands in 5 1 Degrees and 50 min. Norch Lac.
and 22 Longitude. «
Thame M. The Ifis being increafed by the other Streams, meets
Tuefd. w^h tne River Thame, that gives Name to a Town near its
Springs, pleafantly ficuated, where was a Monaftery ofthe
Ciflercian Order, Dedicated to Sc. Mary. Ic hach now a
Free School 'and an Hofpital, and endowed by che Lord
Williams of Thame. The River vifics next Ricot, a fine
Sear, lately of the Family of Nonit, but now of the E. of
Abington, where is a Park well (lored with Deer.
v . The Pallaces are, Cornbury, E. of Clarendon's ; Bletcbine-
Wallaces. m^ of Ang[efey s . jyltchley and Leefiefl, E.of Litchfield's; '
Rycot and Cheflerton, E. of Abingtoris ; Broughton North-New
ton and Shafton, Vifcount Say and Se*/'s ; Sherborn-Caflle,
¦ Lord Abergaverny's; W.i!ter-Eaton,Lord Lovelace, fyc.
The Lord Lieutenant of this County is Tho.L. Whartonf
Ic pays in the 2 s. Aid 19591 /. 13 s. 1 JL".
RUT-

Part of

40

'-.-^OKEHAM Gk.eh.iua 'Saltan. :.~W*™Mti»'_
„ -. Xittk i
SOK.E Gimtkprp -JCnbLi,,,
TE.R .'Zjw? 0^2?

! HtrisTDItED t;/ k_ \Trvton
! . 4- i -Ridlinjton" ^ «- HUISTD -RED

Shirz[ \ t

4 '4.

i.-

Xeltcn J_

k V.
Gluts ton

' Scyton 4^ '

uwx>orth
HAMPTON

HIRE

35

R U TL A NTT 12$
RVTL AND-Coumy, Ruflandia, or RotelancSa, the Name and
leaft of all the Counties, is within the Land, but very 'Situation.
rich in Soil, and well Peopled ; ic lies furrounded by
Lekefterfhire on all fides, unlefs it be on the South, where
it is bounded by the River Wetland, and in the Eaft where
ic confines on Lincoln/hire. In many places the Earth is fo
red, that ic colours che Backs of the Sheep and Cattle ;
from this Roet, or Rud, cr Red colour, perhaps the'
County' derives its Name. It yields as much plenty of
Corn and Grafs, as any other Councy ; 'tis extraordinary Commodi-
fruicful in the Vale of Catmofs, where abundance of Cat-ties andPro-
de, and Flocks of Sheep feed ; and its Rivers are well duels.
ftor'd wich Fifh.
The firft Inhabitants were named by the Romans, Co-
ritani, inhabiting this and the Neighbouring Counties of 0lli In"aDt-
Leicefter, Northamptonfhire, &c. Ic belong'd to the Wvng-tants'
dom of Mercia, and is in the Diocefs of Peterborow.
The principal Rivers that water this County, are the
Wetland and the Guafli, and fome leffer Rivulecs.
The Air is very good, and mild chiefly in the Vales, Rivers,
and is not thick, or foggy ; and che Soil very rich, .
feeding abundance of Cattle, and Sheep, and yields excel- r andS°"-
lenc Corn as well as the Rivers plenty of Fifh ; and the
Hills are covered with Trees.
In lengch 'tis about 12 Miles from Caldecot, in the £3^,,^
Souch, co Thiftleton in the Norch ; and in breadch from jp^a '
Ejfenden in che Eaft, co Wiffenden in Weft, about 10 tfmi,er 0f
Miles. Ic concains noooo Acres, about 3260 Houfes, inhabitants.
5 Hundreds, 48 Parifh Churches, two principal ' Markec-
' Towns, 19560 fetled Inhabitants, and about '6520 able
Men fie for Service in War. Ic has no Towns Priviledged
co fend Members to Parliamenc.
The River Wafh, or Guafli, runs chrough the middle of
the County. On che Souch fide is Vppingham, built upon Uppiu-
a rifing Ground. There is a Free-School fetled by one gham M.W.
Mr. Johnfon, a Divine, and an Hofpital, with a Markec,
plentifully furnifhd wich Live Cactle, Corn, and all man
ner of Provifions, on Wednefdays. Nearer che River we
may fee Dry-flolee, or Stoliedry, an ancient Seat of the Fa
mily -of the Digby's. Sir Everard's leal for the Roman
Perfuafion, drew him into the Gunpowder-Plot ; but his
Son, Sir Kenelm Digby, was lately famous for his Worth
and Learning, and well refpecled by all Men. Nexc to it
is Ly<%fon-Vicaridge, Caldecot, and Seyton, a fat Parfo-
nage; Bibrook, Pilton, and che two Luffenham's Norch and
South, noted places, fac. Beyond the' Hills is the Valley ®ke™m
of Catmofe, in dtt middle Qkeham, appears fo nam'd, for-*7* *•
the

126 RUTLAND.
the number of ftately Oaks here growing'. : This Town !s|
buffinall, but the principal Town oi die County, where
the Affizes and .Seflions are hdd It has many gocid\
Buildings, chieflyits .Church, Free-School^ and Hqfpitalji
arid its ancient Caftle, firft built by Walleelm de Ferrariis^,
litde after the Conqueft, who gave for their Arms Hor^
fines, ; and there is yeca pleafant Cuftom, chat when ^yeri
any Baron of the Realmfirft comesthroughtheTown,he :
is to give freely, or by force, a Horfhoe, to benail'dup\.
on the Caftle-Gate, which-, if he refufes, , che Bayliff of
the Mannour has polver to flop his Coach, land take one'
off from his Horfes Foot ; but Noblemen commonly com-,'
mute for Money, and give 5 or 10 Shillings, or more, arid
then a Horfhoe is made With, the Nobleman's Name; upon
ic, and of that bigneft that is anfwerable to his Liberality,
arid nailed upon the Gate. .In che Year 1619, a ftrange
Dwarf was born; ac a Year old about 18 Inches high;
his Father and Brethren were Iufty and (lout Men, He
was takeri ihco che Service of the Duke 'of Buckingham,
and was ferved up to Table in a cold Pye ; he grew but
liccie till he was Tftircy ; buc after he' came co be about
three Foot, and nine Inches in heighc. About the Ruins <
of the Caftle grows Daneweed, which comes up in the
Spring, and dies in the pall- Near the Town, on a Hill, is
Burley, wich a Park adjoyning; formerly che Seat of che
Harrington's, made Barons, by King .James I. fince it has
belong'd cothe late Duke of Albemarle. On che Eaft fide
of this County,, near che River, lies. Brigcafterton, near
Stamford, and Ryal,. where, in che Popifh cime was ado-
red one Tibba, a SheSainc, worihipped by che Falconers,
St. Tibb. as another Diana, and efteemed by them, a Pacronefs of
Falconry ; her '.Body was caken up by an Abbot of Peterbo
row, and buried. with fome other Saxon Saincs in his
. Church of Sc. Peter. Near co ic is Ejfehden, whofe Lord,
Rob^ Cecil; was created by King James,, Baron Cecil of
Effenden. More Norcherly, ftands Market-Overton upon a
high Hill, fuppofed to be the Margidunum of the Romans\
confirm'd by the Limeftenes, named in Welfih, Marga, that
the Fields hereabouts afford, and by the abundance of
Roman Coins that have been digg'd out of the Earth." At ¦
Cqtfinore. Cotfmore, in a Neighbouring Parifh, Anne, Lady Harring-
, ton of Exion, purchafed 100/. per An. to be. diftrfoUted
amongft the Poor of feven Parifhes hereabouts yearlyv In
' this County are many Parks full of Deer, and Rabbits ;
thefe are che chief, Leefield-P arks, RidStigoh-Pwk^ Vp-
pingham-Park., Liddptgron-Park., Beaumhi and Lamhy
Parks, &c. This

Burley.

R U T L ^ 1? D. I27
¦ This County we find to be an Earldom, enjoyed bv tie ttm*url
mmrdWlantm^P^dt^Son of Edward Langley, Duke ^
of r»r^, created by Richard IL Drike of Albemarle, du-
$jtlg hisJEat&eij's' Life^vfeiic after his1 Death he was Duke
of Tork., and was. kilfd valiantly, fighting ac che Baccle of
h6fficQurt.hMe%ti6,him Edward, the young Son of Rich.
Puke of. Tor%, Earl of Rutland, both were kill'd ac the
Bactle of Wakefield. King Henry III. An, 1525 rais'd co
diisi Honour1, -Thomas jl/txnnors, -Lord /lo/jr of Hamlake
Trufbal, and Belvoir, defcended from icm&. Duke of Tork],
¦wild in Bighc'.ofhis Wife,' , had a great Eftate in this
County. From him the prefent Earl, the Right Honou-
¦juble John Mannors is defcended. .1 find nocmany Fighcs
shdBatdei is chis little County, for there have not been
¦nfiny-.-Fortified Towhs, and Caftles, which commonly battles.
draw Soldiers to Difpute the Ground and Poffeffion ;
doHbdefs: in theTbeginrrihg of the Saxon's Reign, arid, in
die Danifli Invafions, here has been fierce Encounters be-
kween'checoncendin- Parties,
' The Pallaces are Burley and Nunappleton, the lace Duke
bj : -Albemarle 's ; Martinjihorp,- the Earl of Denbigh's ; Ex- Pallacesi
tonbrookj, and" NortfoLuffenham , the Earl : of Gdlns-
•fxmgli's; &c. :
The Plants are chiefly remarkable in this County, and
in. Vsfotdjyre,- that -. grow' wild; are Anagailis famitiaflore Plants,
caruleo ,<*£male, crhlew Flower, and Pimpernel, kt
katleyr^vdxfird. .bar. . ' ; '¦ -r>.\-
1 Jrmdo vaOatoria foliis ex luteo variegatis, painted, or
^lded^eed-hy fe»'irviere.fiaes'.' v.:
Gramen cyperiodes minimum Ranunculicapitulo rotunda, Cy-
p&us^GraTs.^th-aT9nndCrow:fobtHead, found in Bogs,
Gramen canimm Arifiatum radiee non repente Sylvatteum,
b6gsera(swidrAuMJs,0 ; '':'•'
Gramen feculinum majus fylvaticum, wild Rye Grafs of the
Woods)' " ni ,'jvoI-v • ic ."-• ¦ ' --;
;tMa^ufoidimhlmoiitankm Latifilim Etteborinefiorpbus a\bis,
^M>StbMm^tS^fd ^lebflreV"- '^ ' J » _ ...
Viola paluflris Rotundi folia, roundieav'd Marfhviolet, on
CherweU Banks.
°\MilB Mfy&'Jhfiita}, Wiol& vArffThtoatwbrt Leaves.
' Triticumfpica multiplier, rnany^argd^fieak
Tormentilta reptans attata foliis profundis fierratis, creeping
Tormentil, wtoideeply-'itfd^ed>i&ave%1n1 tftd borders
of the Corn Fields.
Tilia foliis molliter Mrfutis, red Lime grows naturally
in Woods.
StMhysfuchfli, , Bafe Horehound, near Wbitney-Parkj Saxifrage

i28 , R tt T LAND;
Saxifiraga Anglica annua alftnes folio, Annual Pearlwort
in fallow Fields, and in Gardens.-
Orobancbe verbafculi odore, Birds-Neft, fmelling lik8
Primrofe-Roots, or che boccoms of Trees.
Tritko-fpeltum feu hordeum nudum, Naked Barley, a kind
of Wheac racfier chan Barley, fowed near Iflip, and otheil
places in Oxfordfhire.
.,' Clematis Daphnoides major, The greater Periwinkle in
Hedges.
., Sambucus frulfu albo, White berried Elder in the Hed
ges near Watlington:
Geranium Columbinum maximum foliis diffeftis, The great-
eft Danes-Foot, Cranes-Bill, with diffecled Leaves ; in
Hedges abouc Marflon, and near Botley-Caufey near Ox
ford. Alopecuros maxima Anglica paludofa , The greateft Eng
lifh Marfh Fox-tail Graft near the Rivers.
Argemone capitulo Longiore glabro, finooth headed baftard
Poppy. K. Attriplex Maritima lac'miata, Jagged Sea Orrache is
found near the Sea-fhoar, in Lincolnfliire and Effex.
Auricula Leporis minima, The lead Hares-Ear near
Rivers. Cochlearia folio finuato, Engliftl,or common Sea Scurvy-
Grafs is gathered plentifully about Maldon in Effex,
Crocus, or Saffron, is planted, and grows in Effex, and
Cambridgefliire,,8Cc. Filum marinum, Anglicum, Marfh-thread grows near the
Rivers. Cynogloffa folio virenti, The leffer green-Ieav'd Hounds-
Tongue by the ways fides. .;
Cyperus gramineus , Millet Cyperus-Grafs near the
Riyers. ,
Herba Paris, Herb Paris, or True Love, in Woods.
Hieracium caflorei odore, Rough Hawkweed fmelling like
Caftor, cjre. Forthe reft Qonfuk Mr. Cambden's Addi
tions. The Lord Lieutenant of Rutland, is the Right Honou
rable Bennet Lord Sherurd.
It pays in the 2 s. Aid, 2762 /. m s. ii i>

3£ undrcdf in.
JsTOPlFOLK
Smethden. ~T
Ercrthcrcrajs %
North- O-recnho 3
Xolfc 4
Xunfled <T
SCajsjoinq 7
Itfest XUqg 8
Stoitrfield T 'aver -ham
S Zruxnqham. 11
G-a&iH-c 10,
Trecbrtdg 13
i aundlch- 14

Itmrhooe II
Jfumbluard 18
Jten(ki tg
L addon.
Clattering C'onrham.
Type
&t/tan>/s

20 a i
22
S3 2*
25

m

^4. Scale afjc ^4LiUj
.1 "*

- -*\ 
SihorjihiBn- 26
Vatfhnl a 7
&&reenh}e 2 8
Valiham. 2, 9
Clackchfs 3o
G-rynislu>e 3 1
* / // ¦//

s

3LT

^vaT

, o \ \, :¦ ^ , oj -"¦¦.>*- o '•-. \-"- -
fey ; A Btfnjham 4?«-?.;M»0. Walfliam ,^f-"5r
-"-, o .-- x> jJcL~<i='-  Ztfliwfiam.
-'- '¦-'- -" "|< .WW

J&Hte°

'Often.
Cotton 77 '
Bayl>er
'tu~no JUxton-f^
.Wi&orn.

.Ms

Winter

Orme/hi/ o

aj2V2»* /t^At

Jtbpton.
SfOla
-IttLL
Cofhsn.
iiepeham.MsJ''- . J&tkeU
t , ° /I,- -; ° 7fe»to\
•.0£.-*'~~tiLp&pton. °
iuah 3} \ _ o -£?
rp °.--'ci-£tp*TL heathen
y Jif*. •*£• U/ „ // , V* ° -Z2i/ ^ t> StMan>aric
J*< /r // » ^ lffe.Jham " g „ Jtendham
lerliug .'j^PV / " St'w^VayfeOd Jioxton - ^y^ai^'
Le:
Carletor
{toff
„ Paie/ctU\
SuJ-nit/e.
:klfiJ Mutford TlCeflanA
'J. a We/lon. £Uctre O 0 *
„ Sattrliy A
Brampton. r^^ >
... Sowowla
Jtt Blibg
Halefivorth
£'
{«1C>
ffli
FOLK E
Dunwich ,
jjjiyn
20
JO
N O RF O L K. 129
OR FOLK, in Lat. Norfolcia, i. e. Borealis Vopulus, Name and
is a large County, fo named from a Northern Peo- Situation.
pe, who fettled there, or perhaps becaufe ic lies on the
North-fide of anocher County, call'd Suffolk^, cho both
are in che Eaftern pare of England. This County con-
jkes on die Eaft and -North with the Belgic\ Ocean , on
.t$e Weft -with the Counties oi Lincoln and Cambridge, be
ing -fepauced from thern by che Oufe. On the South
jhe litde Oufe and W,weney divide ic from Suffolk, fo thac
it is ajnioft an Ifland, eiicompals'd about with frefh and
ftlt Water.
It abounds in Corn, Paftures,, Fifh, Fowl of all forts, Commodi*
Wood,! Sheep, and all other Commodities. The Sea-t'esanciFr'h
.(Epafts .afford plenty of Sea-fiih, che Woods Game, che dulls.
Marfhes Wild-Fowl, che Heaths Rabbics and Sheep, &c.
vThe Old Inhabicants were the Iceni, a Tribe that fpread n , . T , j.
over this County, Suffvlk, &c. They were fome' of the " f •
firft that agreed with che Romans ; buc being" proyok'd by a" !'
the iiffiilferable Gppreffion of dieir Officers, they afferted
their Liberties widi the Deftruftion of feme Tlioufands
oi their Enemies, under the Conduct of their Queen
Bwdicea. Ic was part of the Kingdom of che Eafl-S axons,
and is now under che Bifhop of Norwich.
The principal Rivers are, the Great Oufe, the Little Rjvers.
Oufe, the Waveney, che Tare, the Thryn, and feveral other
lelfer Screams.
The Air is fliarp,but healthy ; and che Coldnefsof che AirandSoH.
Clitnate ieaufes the Harveft to be later than in other parts.
The, Soft, is various ; in force places fac and rank, in others
light and Tandy ; in fome places 'tis Champagn; and fruir-
•fajl in-Coro -, in ocher pares Woody, and full of Heachs.
Near che Sga are rich Marfhes, tic for grazing of Cattle.
However this County is oue of the largeft and moft fruit
ful of our Ifland, full of Inhabitants of the Faireft Com
plexion, qf the fubcileft W.ics, and che moft induftricus
and laborious both in Husbandry, and in ftudying the Mu
nicipal Laws : For 'tis obferved that this County hath
fupplied the Nation wich the moft Learned, and greaceft
number of excellent Lawyers. . Nay, the Common Peo
ple are taken notice of to be well skill'd in the Punctilio's
of die Law.
It ftrerches in Length from Tarmouth in the Eaft, to Extent.
Vfifbich in.Cambridgefhire in the Weft, above 50 Miles; and Acres. ^
js in Breadth from Thetford in che Souch, co Wells in die Number of
Nprch, about 35 Miles, in which Compafs it contains 31 Inhabitants,
Hundreds, 660 Parifhes, 33 chief Market-Towns, 1 148000
Acres, 471 80 Houfes, above 283080 fettled Inhabitancs,
atac §4260 Men fit for Service in War.
S The

13b NORFOLK.
Burgefs- The Burgefs-Towns are, Norwich, Lyn-Regii, Tamom^
Towns. Thetford, and Caftle-Rifmg. Thefe fend two Members
each, with the two Knights of the Shire, are 12 Parlia
ment Men out of chis Councy.
Defcription. Upon che Licde Oufe, where Thet, a fmall Brook, ronsin-
to thac River, ftands the ancienc Cicy Sitomagits,or Sinoma-
Thecford gut, now Thetford, which in fignification is che fame as Si-
M. Sac. tomagus,* Fqrd over die River Thet. Tis now a large Town,
1 buc neither' fo Populous nor Famous as in former Days in
che Saxons Reign. Buc Suems che Dane burnc ic, A. 1004.
Bifhop Arfkfi removing hither from Elmham, caus'd ic co
flourifh by che Favor of an Epifcopal See, cill Eifliop,
Herbert, alias Lefenga, forfoo'k ic co live in Norwich; Twas
governd by a Magiftrate nam'd a Conful, and had an Ab
by erected hereby Hugh Bigod.
Bucken- Near £he Springs of the WaWney are Buckenham and Ken-
ham iW.Sat. ringbolt, noted Seats. The laft belongs to the Duke of
' Norfolk,, and che former was the Poffeflion of che Aubig-
nys, theTatfals, che Clij tons, and arlaft of che Knevets, an
Honourable Familv, thac held cheir Lands upon Conditi
on, Thac che Lord oi Buckenham (hould be che King's But
ler ac che Coronacion. , In a neighbouring Village , che
Owners hold cheir Effaces by this Tenure, To prefent to
the King every Year 100 Herring-Pies ac che firft coming
of che Fifh. <
Difs M. Fr. The River waters Difce or Difs and Harleftoni, two Mar-
Harlefton ket Towns of Note. At a fmall diftance is Shelton, from
M. Wenfd. whence a noted Family borrows its Name. This Scream
joyns wich che Tare, in Brit. Guerne or Gerne, fo call'd
from che Elder-Trees chac (hade ic. Ic rifes near Gernflm, '
Hingham a fmall Town, not far from Hingham, Wimondham, or
M. Sac. Windham, Watton, Attleborough , Newbucknam , and Eaft-
Wyndham Heriing, Marker-Towns. Ac Wimendham, ocherwife Wind-
M.Th. ham, was a Priory belouging to the Abby of St.Albhs,
Wotton where, upon the high Steeple of che Church, Will. Ket,
M.thJ the Norfolk Rebel, was hangd,An. 1594. Towards the
Acdebor. Eaft was che famous Venta Icenomm, a noted Town,- now
¦M. Th. called Cafler. ' From the Ruihes of that place 'cis proba-
Newbuck- hie, chat Norwich, about 3 Miles diflanc, had its firft be-
nam^Sac. ginning. Tis a fiourifhing City, call'd by che Sax. Nord-
E. Heriing »ic. It hath about 30 Parifh-Churches, and is renown'd
M. Thurf.' for its Wealth, Trade, Refort of Strangers, Induftrv of
Norwich the Natives, Loyalty and Civility. Ic ftands upon 'the
M. W. Fr. Decline of a Hill, 52 Degrees and 40 Min. North. Latitude;' ,
&Sat. 24 Degrees and 55 Lorigicude. Ic appears long , and
ltretches about a Mile and a half. Tis enclos'd with an
ancienc Wall, and has four large Bridges. In its Infan
cy it felt che Fortune of War, An. 1174, ft wasplun- der'd

NORFOLK. igi
der'dby the Earl of Flanders, An. 1216. and An. 1266. ft
was again ruin'd; buc in the Year 1348. che Plague de
ftroyed above 57100 Inhabicancs. Ic has alfo been con-
fnm'd wich Fire ; but now ic is boch populous and rich,
being govern'd by a Mayor and ocher Officers. The moft
noced Places are, che Duke's and Bifhop's Pallaces, che Ca
thedral, che Markec-houfe, che Crofs, che Houfe of Cor
rection builc of Free-done, and che Hofpical for 100 poor
Men and Women. The Cicy is very near, wich abundance
of Trees intermix'd wich che Houfes, very pleafanr co the
Eye in Summer. Ic 'hath a Dean, 4 Archdeaconries,
Norwich, Norfolk, Suffolk., and Sudbury, and fix Pre
bends. The prefenc Bifhop is che Right Reverend, Cha
ritable, and Learned Dr. John Moore. This Cicy has been
much enrich'd by che Walloons, who fled hicher from Flan
ders, upon che Perfecucion of che D. D'Alva, who pue co
Deach in 3 Years time above 50000 for Religion by che
Hand of che Common Executioner. Their Manufactures,
calld Norwich-Stuffs, are much efteem'd and tranlported -
all over England and beyond Sea. The River Tare has a
noced Fifh in ic, call'd a Ruffe, or a Rough, becaufe of its
(harp and prickly Finns all over che Body ; tis much va
lued by die Inhabitancs. This River runs to Claxton,
where flood a fmall Caftle, and from chence to Tarmouth, Yarmoudi
a pleafant Wall'd Town, and a good Haven, fortify 'd by ,/y. Sat.
Nature and Arc, having a Mounc wellfurnifh'd wich Guns,
but one Church , and two Minifters ; govern'd by two
Bayliffs and ocher Officers. 'Tis probable hereabouts ftood
the old Garianonum oi the Romans. But che Town was
firft builc by die Saxons, near CerdickrSand, where chac
Warlike $axon firft landed in England.
' Ac the Mouth of che Tare che River Thyrn runs into che
Salt-wacer, ccming from a Fountain near Holt, a Markec- Holcfl/.Sat,
Town; from Blicklmg, an ancient Seat ofthe Family of
Clere, who formerly dwelt ac Ormesby, not far from Ale-
fliam and Worfted, cwo Market-Towns. Our Worded Stuffs Alefham
were here firft made, and fo named. The River paffes M. Sac.
by che Old Abby of Sc. Bennet, that was more like a Ca- Worded
file than a Cloyfter; fo that WW. theConq. could not take M- Sat.
ic wichouc the Treachery of a Monk, who inftead of be
ing made the Abbot of ic, as was promis'd, was hang'd up
by the King's Command, for his Treafon. Nexc is Lud- f-udham,
ham che Bifhop's Seac, Clipfby che Houfe of an ancient Fa
mily, and Wjnterton a poinc of Land, well known to Ma
riners, "where is che moft fruitful and facteft Soil of Eng
land, the Shoar is- flac as far as Eckles, where, in che p. ...
Land, ftands Hickfmg ; frcm thence 'tis higher Ground ?6 "Ic* imS
fur as fironh olme+ an old Priory, where, upon a Hill, was a ra# 5?c:
S 2 Famous

15-2
Cafton M.
Tuefd.Cromer M. Sac.
BurnhamM. Sat.
Reepham M. Sat.
Falfham M. Tuefd.
Fakenharii M.Th. Lycham M.
Sat. Snetfham
M.Fr. Walfing-ham M. Fr,
Lynn M.

Seching M.
Sat. Downham M. Sat.
Swalhem M. Sat.
Honor.

TaUaces.

NO R F O L R.
Famous Croft-,: much reverenc'dhy our Fdre.FarfterK The;
next places- along1 che Shear ire Gaflm,. GinmnghTtm,Wa®'
bitrne, Hope, a < Break lacely Fortified near a Town of that
Name, Cromer, Clay, and on the ocher fide of die fliver
Biacbjtey, a famous Monaftery of rile Carmelites-, uflto-
which belong'd J. BacoMhorp, a Learned Doctor. In
the Land' are Burnham, Erpingham, Reepham, Faifliam, Fa-
kenbam, Lycham, Snetfham, Thornbam, CaftleLRiflng, Mar,
ketrTownSj. and Waljjingham, fam'd for a Shrine of che
Virgin Mary's in Popifh Days, muchfrequencedby Pilgrims,
and f jr the Honourable Family of the WatfmgteiMs, Sir
Francis Secretary of State tO-Queeri £/r^. was renowned for
his Wifdom, Care, Diligence, and other Vercues. Neat
to it is Houghton, a Seat formerly ofthe Neirfords. Near
che Sea ftood Bfannodumm, where was a Garrifon of che-
Dalmatitm Horfe co keep che Coaft. Here are yet1 the
figns of a Roman Camp now at a Village call'd Brancafiet
near ¦ Hukftanton, a Seat of the L'Eflranges, ancient Kts.
, Upon the Goad are Banks of Sand call'd Meales, arid a
large Bay, where, upon the River Oufe, ftands LynRegii\
a populous and trading Town, govern'd by a Mayor, 12
Aldtrmen; a -Recorder, &c. King John gave to it his
own Sword to be carried before the Mayor, with a Silver
Cup, to reward it for its Loyalty. Oppofice co che Town
is the 'rich Marfh-Land : 27/»e/sMarfh alone feeds 30000
Sheep.- The Land being low, the Sea is kepc ouc wieh
BuJkwarks; In the Marfh-Land are remarkable- Walpolh
Wigand, H.U, St. Mdries, and Tilney, che Name of an
Honourable Family. In the Land are Seching, Downbam\
Methdd, Wifbech. The ocher Markec Towns on the North
fide are Cafton, Markec Tuefday -, Sechymmd, North W«£
fham\ Thurfday, &c.
Nomioh,is,an Earldom granced byK. Charles I. co E&%
Lord Dewnv of Waltham, afterwards co George- Lord Goring,
But fince 'cwas given, to Hen. Howard, Facher co chepre^
font 0. of Norfllk. Now this has been enjoy'd by the Bf-
godsj with the Title of an Earldom by the Brpthertont',
but the Mmbrays were the firft Dukes of Norfolk^; and
thePluftrious Henry Howard is D.-of Norfolkl and Marfhal
of England^ &c.
The Pallaces are; Caflh-Riflng^ the D. oiNorfoll^s ; Ox-
enead and Pajton-Hulls,, the E. of Tarmouth' %; RaynhM
and Stiffkey-Hulli , Vifcount Townfend's ; Nor-wfch'-PallaM
and Ludham-Hall, the Bifhop of Norwich's, 8cc.
The Lord Lieuterianc of chis County is the Illuftrious
Henry D. of Norfolk.
Ic pays in the 2 s. Aid 42330 /. 6 s. 6 d.

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NORTHAMPTONSHIRE. i33
NO R THAMTTO NSHIR Ejtt Sax.Nottb-apendfcyre, Name and
and Northuntonfhire, in Lot. Northantonienfis Comitu- Situation.
tut, is an Inland County, bordering on the North with
'Lincolnfhire, , on the Sbitch with Oxford and Buckjnghamfhires,
on the Eaft with Hmtiiigtbrti and on the Weft with War-
mckfhire. Tis a very. Fruitful Couflty of Corn, Catcel, Sheep,?Vc. rBmmrij;
.having but few Hills, andlefs waft and barren Ground tieTlni
(than ariy ocher pare of England. Prod It
The Old Inhabicancs were known to the Romans by the " *'
Name of Cmitani, who foread all over the inland Councies Old Inbab't-
of Leicefler, Rutland, Lincolnfhire, &c. Ic made a pare oi fonts.
the Kingdom of the Weft-Saxons, and is under the Bifhop
' of Peterberow.
Thepririripal Rivers are, the Oufe, che Nen or Npe, Rivers,
and che Welland,that wacer this County, befides che Cher-
well, the Leame, and fome ldfer Screams thac border up
on chis County. '.
The Air is good and pleafanc, known to ourNobilicy Air and Soil
and Gentry in the Summer-time ; for no Corner of the
Latid enjoys a greater refort chan this. The Soil is level,
and rich in Corn and Grafs, full of Parks,, and well (im
plied wich Water.
In Lengch from North to South ic hach 45 Miles, in E .
Breadth from Eaft co Weft are compuced about 20 Miles, „ Y~
haviflgr 20 Hundreds, 550000 Acres, 24206 Dwelling-Hou- "', r
fes, 136 Parifhes, 13 Markec-Towns, 48400 able Men, jT?L °-J
and 129200 other Inhabitants, or thereabouts. £, '**
Ic fends 9 Members co Parliament, che cwo Knighcs of c'
the Shire, 2 out oi Northampton, 2 out of Peterborow, two Burgefs-
ouc of Brackfey, and one out of Higham Ferrers, Towns 4
On the Souch Borders, and near the River Oufe, ftands . .
Brackfey, a Mayor-Town, with cwo Parifhes, and a Free- Jtyctmion.
School depending upon Magdalen-College in Oxford. From Brackley
hence Northerly are Ajhweli Wedon , add Wapiham, noted' M' Sat-
places ; and Towcefter, the old Tripnti)mt of the Romans, Towcefter
from 3 Bridges. Here cheir ancienc Military way plainly M. T.
Vec appears; call'd Watling-ftreet, leading to Stony-Stratford:
Near co Towcefter is a Mounc call'd Berihill, planted with
private Gardens and Cherry-Trees. At Elton hard by, is a
Manfion Hoafe oftheKnighdy Family ofthe Farmers. The
Streamruris from Towcefter to Grafton, an Honour of our
Ifings granted tcr/fen.F/^-/J:ov, Baron of Sudbury, Vifcount
fy/mhj .Earl - of- Euflm, Duke of Grafton. He was killed
!at-the forming, of Cork., and is fucceeded by Charles the
prfefenc D. of Grafton. Near toic is Sacy-Forefl, full of*v« anbon.
Game, The Villages Eafterly are very thick ; as Blif- Family of
wortktheSenc of the ^WaMes, defcended from the ancient Dorfetfn.
>¦¦-.'¦ ~ -' . Barons

ig* NORTHAMPTONSHIRE.
of which is Barons of Wake -and Efloteville. Patefhul , Greenes-Norton^.
our Leam. 'NortoitrDany, and JvWo»,. Places of Note for feveral Fa-'
Rev.andju- milies who inhabited there in former Days. ' i
diciout D. In the North part of, the County rifes the River Aufdna]
Wake. or Avon,, now called Nen, in a Hill where three Rivers'
illue, and run divers ways. Cherwel to the South,- Learne-
<o che Wed,, and this Avon or Nen to the Eaft. Near to
the Spring-head is Catesby, -the Name of an Ancienc Farni- '.
¦ly, one of them a defperate Papift, was concern'd in the
Gunpowder Plec. Hard by is Fawefly, che Seac of che
Knightleys, an Honourable Family. A little to the Eaft is ¦
Wedon on the Street, and Northerly Althorp, che Seat of
the Spencers, not far from Holdenby- Houfe, a Noble Stru
cture, builc by Sir Chrifi. Hatton, Lord Chancellor and Pri- ¦
vy Counfellor to Q. Elizabeth, now in die Poffeffion of .
, che Earl of Feverfham. This River runs nexc to Northam- '
Northam- pton, in Lat. Northantonia, a pleafanc Cicy, wall'd , having <
pton M.S. a beautiful Profpeft inco che adjacent Plains, four Parifh-
Churches, and che Ruines of an old decayed Caftle upon
che Weft pare of ic. 'Tis now govern'd by a Mayor, cwo
Bayliffs , cwelve Magiftrates , a Recorder , a Town-Clerk, '.
foe. Tis the County-Town, privileged with a Goal,, the
Affizes, theSeffions, and is an Honour belonging co che
Right Honourable George Earl of Northampton, of- che No
ble and Loyal Family of theComptons. It wasburnc by che '
, Danes, deftroyed again in che Barons Wars. And An. 1675.
ic had che Misforcune co be a gfeac pare of ic redue'd co '
Afhes ; but fince 'tis builc more beautiful than ever. The, ,
Nen runs next to Caflle-Afliby, the Seac of che Earls of
Welling- Northampton, Teardley, Hajlings, and Wellingborough, aMar- ;
borowlr.' ^ec"'rown-r where a Stream coming from Rufhton, New-
Wenfd. ' tl"^-aa^ Geddington; Places of good Accounc, co Broughton,
¦,","¦ a Seac iof die E. oi Montague's ; and Kettering, aMarkec-
Kettering ' Town -, near to ic is Rouwell, a Horfe-Fair ; and in fighc
M. Fr. • oi Boughton is a Spring chac pecrefies whatsoever is eaft in-
:'. " , to it. -The Nen runs near co Burton, a Barony, co Higham,
Higham^ a Markec-Town, che Birch-place of H. Cbicheley,. Archbi- .
Ferrers, M. (hop of Canterbury, who was a Benefactor co ic, co Ad-
Sat, dington, -Thorpjhn, and Drayton, fine Seacs, the two laft of
OundleM. the 'Mordaunts. Ic wafhes Oundale, where is a neat Church,
Sac. a Free-School, and, an Almf-houfe. Near CD icis Bam-
well,-, a little Caftle, and Fotheringhay-CMe, in the midft
of rich Meadows, adrong Forcrefs in former Days, where
Edmrd D.bf Tork,, kill'd ac Agincourt, and his Brother
flaimat Wakefield, with Cicilia his Lady, had fine Monu- ,
mencs, in a Collegiac Church, Founded by himfelf;- and
where the unhappy Q. ,-Mary of Scotland was beheaded.
' The -Nen running near Hunftngtonfhire, comes to Dormam
¦'¦'- "¦"'' cefier^

NORTHAMPTONSHIRE. i35
ttfler, or Normancefler, the old Durobrwd, paffing under a
beautiful Bridge at Walmesford. Here were feveral ways,
the one named Forty Foot-way to Standford, another Long'- .
ditch and High-flreet by Lollk'm-bridge, ,che Arches yet re
main ruinaced. Ac the parting of thefe ways is Vptoh,
upon a rifing Ground, where is a fine Home belonging
to the Wingfield's. This River vifits nexc Peterborough, a
little Cicy in a Corner of the County. , Near to ic was a
:GuIph very deiep, or a Whirl-pool, which was rurn'd in
to firm Ground by che Expences of Wolpher King of Mer
cia. Ic was called Madefihamflede • buc when Peada, che
Son of Penda, the fird Chriftian King of che Mercians,
had erected here a Monaftery, An. '6Xy and dedicaced ic
co Sc. Peter, ic took che Name oi. Peterborough. Some ' fay Pecerbo-
his Brocher Wolpher gave ic' that Name, arid finifh'd it. Ic row M. Sat.
was deftroyed by the Danes, but Mthelwdd Bifhop of
Winchefter, An. 960. rebuilt, and enrich'd ic, till ^ew. VIII.
turtfd it into a Bifhop's See, appointing a Dean and Six
Prebends. Under the Bifhop are the Counties of Nor\-
thamptonmd Rutland. The Cathedral is a goodly and an
cienc Structure ; and Sc. Marys Chapel, . a fine FabriCk,
where cwo nnforcunace Queens- lie; buried, KatheAne of
Spain, and 'Mary Queen oi' Scotland. The City dands up
on' die Borders or 4 Counties, Northamptonfliire, Hunt'mg-
ionfhire, Cairibridgefloire, and Lincotiifihke. The Screecs are
well builc, and ic enjoys divers Privileges,'havmg a large
Markec-place, well furnifhed with Provifions on Saturdays.
Tis now an Earldom helorigirig' to che Right Honourable
Charles Mordant Earl of Peterborough. Below Peterborough
the Nen encers the Fens, a level Country, often overflown
in Winter, and in great Rains, for want of clearing the
Channels cut to the Ocean.
The County here is but "narrow from Nen co theRiVer
. Wetland, abouc 5 Miles, where dands Srdibrok-Cafile ; near
, co ic are Pipwellformerly a Monaftery of Ciflercian Monks,
and Rockingham, feared in a Fored on che fide of a, Hill i
Deane, a pfeafanc Seac of che E. of Cardigan's ; Blather-
wic, anciently of che Staffords ; Apthorp, formerly of che
Mldmays, rioW of che E. of Weflmoreland. Thornhaugh, oi
the Ruffels ; and Welledon, an ancienc Barony. From
fieMce the Welland runs co Heningworth ; Colliveflon near
Witter'mgheath , where che Danes were overchrown, co
Mfihley, a mod Noble Seac of che Earl of Exeter's, built Burghley.
by Will. Lord Burghley, beautify'd and adorn'd by the lace
Earl. Unco ic belongs a large Park full of Deer. Below
this place, at Bernec^, are good Scone Quarries for build
ing. Here is the old Roman Caufey thac leads from Stam
ford to Cafler. The Welland vifits next Maxey- Caflle and
Page-

i36

NORTHAMPTONSHIRE.
Peageklrk., and runs alfo into the Fenns near Crowland
and Thorney.
The other Market-Towns are Tbrapflon, feaced on. the
Other Mar- ^„ over jyhich ic hach a Sconehridge. Ics Markec is
ket Towns, fnefyay. Rufby»e\l, a fmall Town on the fide of a , Hill ;
ics Market is Monday. Kingcliffe, Markec L-uefday. Daven-
try, a large Town, govern'd' by a Bayliff, Aldermen, 'a
'Steward, and 12 Freemen. Ics Marker is Wednefday, well '
furnifh'd wich Horfes , Cacde, ,Corn, foe. Kettering, a
pleaifantTown, its Market is Friday. Liibourn, formerly a
Market-Town, now a Village, remarkable Tqr the Remains
and Signs of a Camp. Badkingfiam, Market Satturday.
The mod Famous Battels here foughc were at Northam
Battles. j,WB} becween the Saxops and the Danes $ aiPeterborotf,
where the laft ruin'd all wich Fire and Swwd." At Nafeby,
near Rothwele} a defperace and bloody Baccel happened
between the King and Parliament, An. 1645. where the
png's Forces were totally routed. The Town is faid cp
(land upon the higheir Ground in England ; and in che
Fields are the Springs of two Rivers, che Nen and the
Welland,
Pallaces ^e Pru?c'Pa* PaHaces are, Grafton Regis , che D. of
Grafton's , Burleigh, Worfhrop, and Wakerby, E. of Exeter**:,
Caflle- Afhby, E. oi Northampton's; Apthorp and Sewlh^
lodge, E. oiWeflmoreland's ; Drayton, Loofwick\, Thrapflm,
Sudbomgb, Lady Mordanp's ; Althrop, E. of Sunderland^.;
Dean , st. of Cardicaris ; Holdenby , E. of Feverfham's ;
Boughton and Bernwell-Caflle, E. of Montague's ; Great Bil
ling, E. oiTwomond's; Kirkfiy, Vifcount Hatfon's-, Eaflon
Mpduit, Vifcounc Longeville's ; Aftwell, Lord Ferrer's ; Rock\-
ham-Caflle, Warrington, and Stoker Alboni ,, Lord Rocking
ham's ; Steane, Lord Crew's ; Wiimc^, Lord Crawmh;
Dinghy, Lord Griffin's; Eaflon, lord' LemfierH ; Peterbo-
rough-Caftle and Caftor, che Bifhop of Peferberougbi
Rarities TJie SPrinS near B«£**>», that incruftatech Wood, or
* any thing thac falls inco it, is worthy of our Nocice. K.
Charles I. had a Skull broughc to him frqm thence all over
Scone within and withouc, which afterwards was Cent to
Sidney-College in Cambridge.
Thp Lord Lieucenant of this, Councy isthe Right Ho*
nourable the E. oi Peterborough.
It pays in the 2 s. £id the Sum of 34053,/. 13 s. 4 i.

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SHROPSHIRE. 157
SHROPSHIRE, or the County of Salop, in Lat. Name and
Salopienfls iomitatus, in Sax. Shrobbefcyre , is bounded Situation.
wich Staffordflme, on che Ead, wich che Welfh Counties of
Denbigh and Montgomery on che Weft, wich Chefhire on che
North, and Hereford, Worcefier, and Radnorfliires on the
South The County is here rich, fruitful of Wheat, Barley, Commodi-
Oats, and other Grain, affording befides Plenty of Pit- ties andPro-
1 Coal, Iron, foe. and fome pare is fie for grazing of Cactel dulls.
jand Sheep.
The principal Rivers are, the. Sewn, that divides the River
1 County in the middle, che Term, Clun, Rea, Team, Roden,
' &c They are full of Frefh-wacer Fifh.
The ancient Inhabicancs of Shropfhire on chis fide che n!. T . w
River Severn, were che Cornavy, or Cornabii, a Tribe that ummm*
fpread all over Stafford, Hereford, Warwickflnres, &c. but ts'
heyond the River were che Ordouices. Ic made a pare of
the Kindom of Mercia, during the Heptarchy, and now is
one pare in the Jurifdiftion of che Bifhop of Hereford, and
che other under che Bifhop oi Lichfield and Coventry.
The Air isgenerally very good and pleafant, (harper bn
the cop of che Hills chan in cheboccoms; and che Weft Air and Soil,
and Souch pares are Mouncanous, but the Ead and North
more plain and level. Both Hills and Vales are fruitful,
yielding Corn and Grafs for Man and Bead.
It reaches in Lengch from Stow in the South to Hinton
in the Norch, abouc 33 Miles; and in Breadth from Tong- Extent, A-
Caflle in che Ead co Ofwefire in the Weft, near 25 Miles. In cres-> and
this Compafs ic contains 890000 Acres, about 23280 wmber of
Dwelling-Houfes, 15 Hundreds, 170 Parifhes, 1 6 Market- Inhabitants.
Towns, 139680 Inhabitants, about 46560- Men fie for
War. Five Towns only have privilege to nominate Parliament
Men. ' Shrewsbury, Ludlow, Great Wenlock_, Bridgenorth, and Bfiriefc-
Bifhops-Caftle, befides the two Knights of the Shire, which *<w"Mi
make up 12 Members.
. 'Tis a populous County , and had in former Ages ma
ny Caftles, abouc 32 belonging co che Barones Marchia, or j}efcr;ptf0Jp.
Marchiones de Marchia Wallis., Lord Barons or Marquiffes of 0f '^ m^
the Marfhes of Wales , who had great Auchoricy, Privi- piaceSt
ledges, and Power commicced co chem, co defend the
Borders from the Incurfions of the Welfh Nation . The
River Term, or Teme, in Welfh Tifidiauc, is the Southern
Boundary, which joyns wich che Colun, in Welfh Colunwy,
in more, Clune, which rifes higher in che Councry near
Bifhops-Caflle, a populous Town belonging co che Bifhop of Bifhops-
Hereford. The River gives Name co Clune-Caflle, builc by CadleM.F?
the Fit^- -Alans, and meeting with cheTerae, ic vifits a Hill
T called

x-38

SHROPSHIRE.

called Caer Car adoc\, from the valiant Bririfh KingCttra--
tacus, whjo eneompafs'd ic wich a Wall, and defended it
1 againft Ojhrius ; he was overcome, and forced to fly; but
" being betrayed to the Ramans, he was carried, with all his
Family, into Italy, where,, by his Noble' Carriage,, he ob
tained Pardon from Claudius C4ar. There are yet theRe-r
" mains of this great Victory and Battel between the Romans
and the Britains in the Tradition and Reports of che In-,
habitants in two Barrows near Lanterden, ac the meeting
of Teme and Cluve, .where an Urn wich. burnt Bones were
found, and in a Britifh Camp ac Coxoll, and anocher Ro
man Camp ac Brandon, and anocher of the Britains very
large, with deep Trenches, call'd Caer Caradock_, and in
fhorc Gair, wich tome others at Tongley arid Bifhops Caflle,
where yet remain Trendies and Dkclieschat call to our re
membrance the valiant Actions of the Romans and ancienc
,. M Britains. Nexc dands Ludlow , in Welfh Dman , and
Ludlow . Lyfireyfoc, upon a Kill at the meeting of the Come with the
Mund. j&ne-River, a fair and well-built Town,walld, and ftrengtfe-
end wich a Caftle, where the Court for the Marfhes of
Wdes were kept, confifting in a Lord Prefident, and other
Officers ; buc is now fhpprefs'd by Act of Parliament.
Lower upon the River we meet with Bmford, Cleyhitt and
Cleybury Cleybury, a large Village near che Foreft of Wire ; Kimlet
• M. S. the ancienc Seac of che Blunts , an honourably Family ;
Bridgnorch Brugmorfe, or, Bridgnorth, irom a neighbouring Foreftna-
M.-Sat med Mmje. 'Tis a Town inclos'd wich Walls, and builc
upon a Rock by the famous Edelfleda, Lady of the Mer
cians, with a Stone-bridge over the Severn. 'Twas natu
rally, fo drorig, thac feveral Noble-men were encourag'd Co
ftand ouc and rebell againft cheir Princes, as Rob, deBelifm-
E. of Shrewsbury, againd Hen. I. Roger de Mortimer againft
Hen. If. Hereabouts are to be difcerned other noted Ca
ftles, as New-Caflle, Hbpton-Caftle,Shipton,Cotnefham, Bran-
Wenlock croft-> H°l£Qt or Howgate, &c. Higher is Wenlock, a Town
M. Mon. Corporate, under two Bayliffs, having two Parifh Churchefi,;
famous for good Lime-done and Tobacco-pipes here made. T
Near to it are Atlon, Burnet, where a Parliamenc mec in
Edw'. I.'s cime. Langley, feaced amongft Woods, the an
cienc Seat of che Leas ; Condover, of the Louels and Owens.
Pitchford, where is a bituminous Well, which is often
fcumm'd byjhe Inhabicancs. A licde Eafterly Ponderbache-
Caflle, or Purlebach. Near to ic is Huckjtow Foreft a1
mongft the Mountains , and Stiperftons-Hill, where are
great Heaps of Scones, and little Rocks, call'd by the Welfli
Carneddaw tewhn. Norcherly are Caurfe-Cafile , the old
Rutunium , Abberbury-Cafile, Wattlesbury,, and Brocatds-Cmi
Jik, in fhe middle of Green Meadows, much ruinated by
War

SHROPSHIRE. i39
War and Time. At the joyning of die lean-River that
rifes in a Pool in Staffordfliire, call'd a Team , was the
old Vrkonium, in Wellh Caervrauch, in Sax. Wreken cea-
fter, now Wroxcefler, che chief City of che Corn.tvU, very
ancienc, but now fcarce any thing of it appears, buc che
black Earch where ic ftood, which yields the beft Bcrley,
wich feveral Graves, and Bones of a prodigious Length,
and Roman Coins of Gold, Silver, and Brafs. In fight
is Wreken-HiU, cover'd with Trees, and near the Severn,
Bildas, a Village, where was a Monaftery. Above is a
Lodge nam'd Wattling- fir eet , from the Roman Military
¦way, near the Ruines of Ddaley-Cafile, and a low Vil
lage, call'd Okenyate, full of Coal-pits. On the other fide
of the Hill is Charlton-Caftle. A little Eafterly are Tong-
'Caflle and Abbrigton, noted places ; and on the other Banks
ofthe River Tern lies Drayton, where a bloody Battle was Draytorj
foughc "between the Houfes of Lancafler, and Tork. At M. WendC
fome diftance upon the River of Roden is Wem, an 'ancient Wem M.
Barony of the Butlers, Ferrers, and Dacres; buc lately Th.
granted by K. James II. to the Lord Jeffreys. Near co ic
was Red-Caflle, now ruinaced ; and a Village, formerly
a good Town, call'd Burgh or Bery. Lower down che Ri
ver are Morton, Corbet, die Name of an ancienc Family of
this Courity. Artol, a Seat ol the Newport s ; and Hag-
mopd-Abbey, or Hamon-Abby, in fight of Shrewsbury, builc sf,rews|jn;
ouc of che Ruines of Vrkonium, by che Sax. Srobbesbyrig, M w'"
in Welfh Tmwithig, by che Norm. Sloppesbury, in Lat. Salo- tj, & S.*
pia, incompaffed almoft round by, che Severn, over which
ic has cwo Stone Bridges.
Far off ic's lofty Walls proud Shrewsb'ry fhows,
Which ftately Severn's Chryftal Arms enclofe :
Here cwo fair Bridges awe the the fubject Stream,
And Alder-Trees beftow'd the ancient Name.
'Tis a fair City, wall'd about, with a ftrong Caftle, five
Churches, a Chappel, a Free-School, populous and well Another
frequented for Trade and Market, Govern'd by a Mayor, School at
24 Aldermen , 4S Common-Council-Men , a Recorder, GrinftiilL
Steward, and Town-Clerk. Here Welfh Cottons, Cloths
and Frizes-are brought and fent to London. Tis an Honor
belonging to the Illuftrious Charles Talbot, D. of Shrews
bury. It had two Collegiat Churches, Sc. Marks and Sc.
Chads, with 2 Deans and Prebends. Ic dands in 52 De
grees and 53 Minuces Norch Latitude, and 20 and 37 Lon
gitude. Out of chis Cicy proceeded fird che SweacingSick-
nefs, An. 1 5 5 1 . which fpread all over che Kingdom. The
River fecches a great Compafs about in feveral places,
T 2 parti-

140

Ofweftry
M. Mun.

EJfimere
M. Mun.

White-
Church,M.Fr.
Other Mar
ket Towns.
Pallaces.

SHROPSHIRE.
particularly atRoffal. Hefeare fmall Fifh ing-boats, call'd Ca-
racles,oi an oval Figure,made of Twigs interwoven,covered
over wich an Ox-hide, fo lighc, chac che Fifher-men carry
'em home upon their Shoulders. Near the River is Shawer-
den, a Caftle of the Arundels,' afterwards of che Bromleys*
Knuckfng and Neffe, che ancienc, Seacs of che L'Eflrange's,
irom whence have proceed ed diofe of Norfolk. Upon this
River Morda, Ilymigo, and the cwo Masbrooks, Measbury and
and Morton, are noced places. More upon che Borders of
Denbighfhire we find Ofweftry, or Ofwaldflre, a little wall'd
Town, with a Caftle, borrowing its Name from K. Ofwald,
whom the Pagan Perda flew, and tore Limb from Limb,..
as the Poet faith,
Whofe Head, all black with Gore, and mangled Hands, ,
Were fix'd on Stakes at Penda's curft Commands ;
To ftand a fad Example co che reft,
And prove him wrecched, who is ever bled.
Vain Hopes were boch ! For Ofwy's happier Care
Scoppd che proud Victor, and renew'd che War.
Nor hirn Mankind will ever wrecched own,
Who wears a peaceful and eternal Crown.
'Tis now a Town Corporate, govern'd by two Bayliffs,
and ocher Officers, enjoying a good Trade of Flannels,^.
Ac a finall diftance is Elfimere, or Ellefmer, a licdeTown,
feaced in a rich Soil, on che fides of a large Meer, granc-
ed by King John, wich che Caftle, co Lewellm Prince of
Wales, afterwards enjoyed by che L'Eflrangt\ and fince
by che Egertons. And ac a Mile from OJweflry is Caerhen-
dinas, a high and deep Hill, encompafs'd wich three great
Works, faid co be che lad Retreat of the conquer'd Bri
tains. About 3 Miles off is Whittmgton, formerly a Barony
of the Fifzwarrens, fince of the Bouchiers. Below this place
Wrenoc the Son of Meuric held certain Lands by the Ser
vice of being" Latimer between the Englifh and Welfh,
thac is Incerprecer. On the North is Shenton- and White-
Church, or the White Monaftery, where is yet to be feen an
Epicaph of John Talbot; fird E. of Shrewsbury, who was
(lain in a Fight in France.
Befides che foremencion'd Towns, upon che Borders of '
Staffordflnre is Newport, a fair Town, Market Sat. Wellington,
Market Th. Stretton, Markec Th. Clebury, Market" Fr. &c. '
The principal Pallaces are, Pepper-HiU,the D. oiSbrews-
bury s- Elflmere, E. of Bridgewater's; Shefnal-mannor,E. of
Stafford s; High Ercall and Eyton, E. oi Bradford's ; Bat-
feild and Lye, Vifc.Weymouth's ; Stoke-Caflle,L. Craven\8Cc.
The Lord Lieucenanc of chis County is the Right Ho
nourable Francis E. of Bradford.
It pays in the 2 s. Aid 14530 /. 19 s. 6 ~.
SO MER*

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SOMERSETSHIRE. 141
SOMERSETSHIRE, in Sax. Summerfetfcyre , \a Name and-
Lat. Sommerfetenfls Ager, is a very large and maritime Situation.
County in che Wed, fo nam'd from Sommerton, formerly
the principal Tc%n, now a fmall Markec. Tis bounded
on che Ead by Wiltflme, on the South by Dorfet and De-
iionfhires, on the North by pare of che Severn-Sea, and on
the Weft by another part of Devonfljirc.
'Tis a plentiful County, yielding all Manner of Grain, Commodi-
Fifh, Fowl, Fruits, fcc. -Its Hills are covered with Flecks tiesandPro-
of Sheep, ics Meadows feed die fatted Cattle, its Rivers dulls.
are full of Trouts, Eels, and other Frefh-water Fifh. Its
Markers plentifully dored with all manner of Provifion,
and its Towns are well-built, and enjoy a Trade of Serge-
making, Clodiing, ¦ Stockings, &c.
The fird Inhabitants were known by the Name of Bel- old Inhabi-
g<t and Cangi, who divided this County between 'em. Twas tants.
pare of the Kingdom of Mercia, and now owns the Jurif-
diction of the Bifhop of Bath and Wells.
The chief Rivers of this County are, befides the Severn- j^vers
Sea, which is too large co be reckon'd a River, there
is the Avon, chac divides ic from Glocefler firne; che Tor, che
Parret, the Tone, the Frome, the Ex, and the Barle ; the
Evel, the Ordred, and a number of ether Streams that en
rich chis happy Couhcy.
The Air is generally very gocd, unlets ic be in the
Marfh Country chac endines to Agues, and other Didem- Air andSoit.
-pers. The Soil likewife is extraordinary, yielding in the ^
low Country plenty of Corn, Grafs, and Apples for Cy
der ; and che Hills, cho' much mere barren, by Labor and
Indudry, are become able co bear good Corn ; and 'tis
generally an uneven County •, the lower part cannoc be
reckoned co be plain, unlels ic be in the Moors. Seme cf
them are fo full of Boggs, thac chere is no palling. ever
in the Winter Seafon, and are inacceffible to Man or
Bead, unlefs ic be in the Dry time of Summer.
It dretches in' Length from Selwood in the Ead to Oar in Extent.
the Weft, above 60 Miles ; and in Breadth frim Chard in Acres.
the South, to Stert-point in the Ncrth, where 'tis broad- Number of
eft, about 40 Miles. In this Ccmpafsift contains 1075000 Inhabitants.
Acres, above 56000 Dwelling-Houfes, 42 large Hundreds,
385 Parifhes, 35 Market- Towns, fo populous, that here
are reckon'd 300000 Sculs, above 8<5coo able and dout .
Men for War.
- The Burgefs-Towns are Briftol, Bath, Welts, Taunton,
'Bridgwater, Minehad, Evilchefler , and Milburn-Port on theg -
Borders of Dorfetffdre, which fend two Members each to^^-
Parliamenc, wich the two Knights cf the Shire, are 18
Parliament Men.
-- . - Upon

142
Defcription.PorlockM.Th.
MynheadM. Wenl.
Dunder M,
Frid. WatchetM. Sat.

LamporcM. Srt.

llchedr M.
Wenfd.

CockhorneM. Sac.
Souch-Ped- dercon M.
Thurfd.

SOMERSETSHIRE.
Upon che Severn-Sea, bordering upon Devonfliire, are 3
fmall Harbors ; Porlock\-bay, Mynhead, and Watchet ; the
firft unfafe, the -fecond keeps within a Peer fmall Veffels,
the third is lacely wafh'd away with che Fury of che Sea.
Becvveen chem is Dunfler-Caflle, upon a Hill, belonging now-
co che Lutterels, but formerly co chev Mohuns. The Val
ley from Porlock\ winds about the Hills, and is very rich
and pleafant beyond Taunton ; but it has been my fortune
to be an Inhabicanc ot che higher Hills in this County near
Dmcary's Beacon 28 Years, where the Ah. is fo fharp and
coid, thac chere is fometimes 9 Months Winter; and 3
Months no condant Summer. Near Dunfter are Caer Ham
pton, falfly nam'd Carenton, St. Decumamts, and Stoke-curcy,
now Stogurfy, an ancient Town, where a compleac, noble,
arid worchy Gencleman, Nath. Palmer, Efq; has a fine Seat
call'd Fairfeild. Near co ic is Cannington, che Seac lacely of
the Rogers's, but now of thac cruly noble Lord the Lord
Clifford of Chudleigh. Becween chis and Stert Point, 2 Rivers,
the Fuel and che P arret run inco che Salc-wacer, near Hunt-
fpitt and Burnham, where is che old Vxetla Efluar'mm, over
againd cwo fmall lflands inhabiced only by Wild-Fowl and
Rabbics, call'd Sheepholme and Flatholme. The Land here-
aboucs is all flac and marfh Ground ; and tho' feveral Pa
rifhes are in thefe Moors, they are commonly overflowed
for feveral Miles' as far as Lamport and Sommerton oneway,
almod to Taunton anocher; co Axbridg-Wells, Shipton-MaUet,
and Caflle-Caree.
The Ivel fprings in Dorfetfhire, and joyns wich a fmall
Scream chac paffes by che Fooc of Camalet-Hill, enclos'd
wich a triple Rampire, chat furrounds about 20 Acres of
Ground that overlook alt che Councry. Near co ic are the
two Cadburies, where K. Arthur routed che Saxon's Forces.
At. North Cadbury is a handfom Fabrick of Free Scone, in
fighc of che London Road. This River vifics Ilchefler, or
Juelchejier, an ancienc Roman Town, fortified wich a
Wall, and ftrong enough co refill che Lord Mowbray, who
in vain befieg'd ic ; buc now 'tis remarkable for rioching but
che County Goal, thac is here kept, with the County Court,
and che Seflions once a Year., The Ivel being joyn'd
with P arret, runs almoft round the Ifle of Muchenay. The
P arret or Pedred paffes firft by Crockhome to South Pedder-
ton or Pedridan, nexc co a Hill call'd Mont acute, near a"
(lacely Fabrick lacely the Seac of my worchy Friend, and
Facher of his Councry, Sir Edw. Philips. This River runs
by Odcombe, an ancienc Barony ; by Mattock]., famous for
ics large Bean-fields ; by Long-port, a Markec-Town near
Mure , a handfom Village encring into the Moors, once a
Town of Noce, where King Alfred oblig'd Godrus che Dane to

SOMERSETSHIRE. i43
to be here bap'tiz'd. The fame diftance from this River
on the Weft-fide, are chofe good and populous Towns, Chard M
Chard beyond che Foreft of Raohe, or Neroche, Ilmifler. Mund.'
More Eafterly are Teouil or Euil, Queen-Camel, with a fweet Ilniifter
Ring of Bells under the Hills that eccho the Sound. The m. Sat '
P arret joyns with the Tone in the Moors near Burrowbridge. Evil m. Fr
This River rifes amongft the Hills near Huifli and Clatwor- Wivel-'
.thy, and vifits Wjvelfcombe, a good Market-Town, famous fcombe M
for a Fair of Cartel twice a Year. From thence it runs to Tuefd.
Wellington, taking in an ancient Seat of the Pophams.. Here Welling-
is a (mail Stream thac paffes by Miluerton, a little Town and ton ^, Xh.
Market. Thonton, or Taunton, appears nexc upon che Banks Taunton
of Tone, a very populous and trading Town,where K.Ina built ^ \y & g#
a Caftle. The Country round is fome of che richeft in
England, call'd Taunton-Dean, yielding Corn, Grafs, Fruics,
and plenty of excellent and ftrong Cyder. Taunton was
befieg'd by the King's Forces under the Lord Goring, but
wonderfully defended by the Courage of che Inhabicancs,
under che Conduct of Col. Blake, who commanded in che
Cadle cill twas relieved. Near Taunton are divers plea-
fane Seacs ; as Orchard, Portman, given by the Will of the
lace Sir William to his Coufen Henry Seymour ; at Norton,
Monkfon, Curimalet, Biflmps Lidiard, a fmall Town, Hart-
row, Efq; Lacy's ; Heflercomb , belonging to that excel
lent and generous Gendeman Sir Francis War. In che fame
Boctom is Netlecomb, the Seat of Sir John Trevilian Baronet ;
Chipfley, of the Clarks ; Orchard Windham, of Sir William
Windham, whofe Grandfather was the Father of his Coun
try ; Stoke-gotner, a fmall Town ; Enmore and Petherton- N. Pether-
Park\ ^ Nynehead, Efq; Samford's, a Religious Gendeman ; con M. Tu.
and many more between the Hills. In the Moor /Ethe-
Ungey, or Athelney, an Ifland, the Retreat of K. Alfred, when
forced to fly from the Fury of the Danes. In fight are a
Ridge of Hills intermixed with Vales, called Quantoke- Hills.
The Land is extraordinary fruitful becween chem and
Bridgwater, a good Mayor and Markec-Town, wich a Scone . ,
Bridge and Caftle. The Tide brings up the Ships to the f^%eZt
Walls; Within 3 Miles is Weflon-mox, Where che Duke of tcr ra- ln'
Monmouth's Army was rouced. 'Tis now an Honour be
longing to the Right Honourable John Edgerton, Earl of
Bridgwater. In fight of it is Ham-Hills, where (lands
Samerton. And at a little diftance Glaffenbury, a famous Glaffenbu-
Town and Monaftery, where Jofeph of Arimathea, fent ry M. Tu,
inco Britain by Philip from Gallia, preach'd the Gofpel.
The Ruines yet difcover the Glory and Riches of this Mo
nument of Antiquity. At the Royal-Oal^Inn, about 20
Years ago, a great Scone of die Monaftery lay neglected
in the Yard, till theMiflrefs of the Houfe caus'd it to be
¦ fawn

144 SOMERSETSHIRE.
fawn for fome ufe, which difeover-'d a Treafure in the
middle by the Gold-Duft that came out. About 66 Pieces
of Broad and Old Gold were there found, befides what
the Workmen convey'd away privately. Near to it Sir H.
Gold, whofe Integrity, Wifdom, and Learning inithe Law,
tuve rais'd him to the Honour of a' Judge, has a good
Seat, as alio the Family of the Strouds, &c.
Wells M Under Mendip-Hdls, full of Lead Mines, appears Wells,
Wenfi&S an EpifcoP3"' Sea, having a Dean, Chaunter, Chancellory'
' 46 Prebends belonging to its Cathedral adjoyning to the
Bifhop's Palace ; and a Mayor and other Officers to govern
the Town. Near to it is Ochie-hole, aftrange Sight, with
' Chambers nacurally in che Rock under ground, a River
Shipton runs out of che boccom. Under, che Hills is alfo Shipton-
Mallec M. Mallet, a Town of good Trade. Ac fome didane are
Friday. Wincaunton-Cajlle , Caree , Bruton, and Frorvme , all good-
Wincaun- Markec-Towns , and well-frequenced. More Norcherly
ton M. W. Philips Norton, Canefljam, Pensfoxd, and Wrinton, Places of
Bruton M. Noce.
Sac. Upon che River Avon dands Bath, an ancienc and famous
Froume Cicy, in Lat. Bathonia, in Welfl> Caer Pallader, and Caer
M. W. Badom, from che hot, wonderful, bicuminous and rnedi-
PhilipsNor- cinal Wacers chac break ouc of the Earth by three or four
ton M. Fr. remarkable Springs ; fo many feveral Baths are here built
Caneffwm for the Benefit of Strangers; the Crofs-Bath/the Hot-Bath,
M.Th. the King and the Queens-Bath. The Town is govern'd by
Pensford a Mayor and Aldermen, and is an Earldom bdonging to
M. Tuefd. die Right Honourable John Greenville E. of Bath. Upon
Wrinton the fame River dands the Noble City of Briflol, in Lat;
M. -Tuefd. Brifiolium, in Brif. Caer Oder Nam Badon, and CaefBrito,
Bach M. half in Gloceflerfhke and che other in Somerfetfhire, having
W. & Sat. a Cathedral, 18 Parifh Churches, a demolifh'd Cadle, and
Briflol M. commodious Key, unto which the Tide brings up Ships of
W. & S. good Burthen. This City is govern'd by a Mayor, Alder
men, fyc. and is mod beautiful, rich and populous, next
to London. It hath a Dean and Six Prebends.
/vW ' m„y. The other Towns are, North Curry, Markec Tu.«aASat.
iff«Zl AxeMd&ei Market 77;. Milburn-Port, Market Sat. Dalver-
Itetlmns. ^ Market 5^.
Battles. Ac Pen near Cadbury che Danes were overchrown, as at
Bridgwater by Ealflan B. of Sherbourn. Ac Cadbury K. Arthur-
beat the Saxons. At Banefdorvn the Danes were defeated.
Pallaces. Tne Places are, Clewedon Court, the E. Briflol's ; Brutm,
Vifc. Fitt-Hardingh;Hinton, St. George,- Court of Wick., Kenn
Court, and Walton, L. Pau let's ; Ham-Houfe, L. Stawell's,8lS.
The Lord Lieutenant of this County is his Grace Jam
D. of Ormond. . J
It pays in the 2 s. Aid 3723d /. n s. $ d.
THE

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SURREY. 145
THE County of SVRRET, in Lat. Suthriona, or Name and
Surria, in Sax. Sudrea, hach on the Ead Kent, on Situation.
the Souch Suffex, on che Wed Barkjhire and H.impjhire,
on die Norch Middlefex, from which tis feparated by the
River of Thames.
"The Borders. of the Councy are fruitful in Corn. and Commod't-
Grafs, chiefly in the South pare in Holmjdale, and che Ri- ti > andPra-
vers afford plenty of L<ood Fifh ; buc che middle is buc dulls.
barren, being full of Downs and Parks ; cherefore 'tis
cenipar'd co a Courfe Garment wich a rich Fringe or
Hem. Yec by che Induftry of che Natives it yields feveral
Manufactures. The Land fends forth Fullers-Earth, and
Bears-box, and Wall-nucs, in greac abundance.
: The old Inhabicants were* named by che Romans Regni,
a Tribe thathad a King of their own, Tributary co che ®d Inhabu
Roman Empire, whom chey made ufe of as a Tool co *""**•
inflave the ocher Inhabicancs of che Land, gratifying him
with che inlargement of his Dominions. Twas part of
the South Saxons, and is now under che Bifhop of Win'
chtlter. The Principal Rivers chac wacer ic are che Thames, ics
Boundary on Aliddlefexdde, fhe Wey which runs by G~ml- Rivers. ,
ford, che Mote chrough Dorking, and che Wandle, with
fonie letter Screams, thac all pay Tribuce co the noble Ri
ver of Thames.
The Air is generally very good, mild and pleafant, (bar- Air andSoit.
per hi the middle chan in che more fruitful part, becaufe
the one has che Coverc and Shelter of Hedges, che other'
isopen, and exposd co the Winds and Weather. The
Soil: is, for che che mod part gra/velly upon the Borders",
deep and fruitful, well inciofed, having many Parks and
richMeadowsi Its Extent in Lengch is from Rotherith in che Ead, co £XJ.OTj. ^.
Fernham -in che Wed, about 34 Miles ; and in Breadth cres 'm£
from Awfold in che Souch,, to Stanesbridge in the North, m;mters 0f
in the broaded part, about 22 Miles, containing 592000 inhabitants*
Acres, about 34220 Dwelling-Hoifes, 13 Hundreds, 140
Parifhes, .11 Market-Towns, abouc 205320 Souls, abouc
58000-abIe Men fit' for War.
Six Towns have Privilege to name Members for Parlia- gurgefs.
ment, Guilford, Southward,' Keygate, -Blechingty, Gatton, j-own^
and Hafelmere, with the -two Knights of the Shire, are 14
out of this County.
' The Thames ac ics entrance out o£8arkfhire, paffes by
Cbertfey, a low retired place, where once ftood a Mona- chertfey.
ftery, builc by a Saxon King, An. 666. Here che che un
fortunate K. Hen. VI. was firft buried, buc remov'd by
K. Hsn. VUI..IQ iWindfcr. It meets nexc with the Wey, or
U Wye

i4S SURREY.
¦ Wye lately fnade navigable by Sir Rk. Weflon .ofStiak., Kt-
Farnam M. Ic vifits Feomham ox Farnham,,befi@vied upon die Church
Tuefd. ' of Winchefter by ^.thelbald, adorned with a Caftle, a Park,
and renowned for che Victory , of K. Alfred over the Danef
with a handful of Men. Near to ic are Hafllmere a fmall.
Town, Wauerly, anciently a Monaftery; Godalming a (mall
, Town, Cattefljull-Manrnor, held by chis Tenure, Thac the
Lord (houfd be che Marfhal of the Harlots, when the K.
Guilford vificed that part of the County -, and Guilfotd,a confiderable
M. Sat. Mayor-Town, having 3Farifh Churches, and an old ruina-
Fr. Norch ced Cadle, famous of old for che Treachery and Barbarity
U Lord E. Godwin, who m.urder'd die. moft pare of the Retinue
Guilford, of P. Alfred,- che Hdr of che Crown of England, deliver'd.
him co Harold che Dane; but lately famous for being the
Birch-place: of Arch-bifhop Abbot, and of his two Bro-
chers, the one a Bifhop, che ocher Kniglic and Lord Mayor ,
of London,, whofe. Facher was a Clothier; for chac Trade
formerly flourifhd in chis Town. The Wey runs nexc to
Sutton, . Woking ^Purf or d, Orkham, and Oat lands, at the
Thames, noted Seats." Here at Coway-Stoke, or Stakes,, che ,
River was fordable in Cajar's time,: and che Britains op-
pos'd his Paffage with (harp Stakes fixed in che River and
Banks, and wich their (harper Weapons.
The little. .River Mole appears next in our way, rifing
near che old Roman Way, called Stanyflreat and Aden, or •
Ohjey, where a Cuflom is yet obferv'd of planting Rofe-
bufhes. upon che Graves of fuch as die unmarried. Here
Mthelwolp overcame the Danes in Baccel. Near co it is
Gatton, now a fmall Village, once 3 good Town ; and up-.
on- che, fame River (lands Reygate, a populous Town, ce-'
Iebraced in former days for che lofs of che Danes, here,
overcome by che Saxons in feveral Battels ; and for a Ca
dle, where the Barons mec co confule how to carry on
their War againft K. John. Here good Fullers Earch is
Found. Upon che Borders of the County are the Forefts
of Okgwood and Charlewood, near to che Vale oiHolmfdale^
where we meec wich Bletohiitgley, Blechworth-Caflle, Effing*
Darking^W. ham, noced Places, and Darkjng, a good Market-Town up4

Okeley.

Reygace
M.Sat.

TJi.

Kingfton
M. Sac.

on the Mole, where, at a place called Swallow , ' at , the
the Foot oi White-Hill, ic runs under Ground fome Miles,
apd breaks ouc again ac Norbury,. like the' River Anas, or
Guadiana, in Spain, where the Water renders the Ground
above ic fo fruitful all che Year, thac the Natives com-
mmonly boaft of this Bridge chac nourilhes and feeds 1000
•Sheep. , The. Mole runs inco che Thames at Moulfey, and
together leaving Hampton-Court on the other fide, they
run down to Kingfion, formerly called Moreford, buc changed'
its Name when 3 Saxon-Kings were here crown' d. It is:
a

SURREY. i47
a Town Corporate, where the Aflizes are kept, having a
'Bridge over the River. Lower ftands Richmond, ancient
ly Skene, a Royal Seat, beautified by Hen. VII. where O. ^ e A&e
.Ei\. died. In the nexc Village was builc a Monaftery of 0fl°'
Carthufians, and call'd Bethlehem; In che Neighbourhood
my worthy Religious and Learned Friend, Carleton Whit-
lock,, Efouire, Serjeant at Law, has a fine Sear. The
Thames flows up as far as Richmond, abouc 60 Miles from
the Sea.
Here Jhames's great Currenc, wichalcernace Courfe,
Maintains ics Rife and Fall ac conftanc Hours,
Where Phoebe reftsar our Meridian \Xx\e,ifyc.
While che proud River chus his Worth proclaims,
Great You, thac Europe boads her nobled Screams,
Yield all to me : for fuch an Ebb and Flow,
No.Rival Flood but Scheld and Elb can (how.
In the, Land is Nonfuch, a Royal Retreat, erected by
fien. VIII. a very beautiful Structure, dedroyed by che
Civil Wars ; adjoyning is the Town , of Ewell. Ac fome
diftance is White-down, char furnifhes the Councry wich
Chalk-ftones for Lime ; Wotton the Seat of the Knighdy
and Honourable Family of, the Evelyns ; Wefl-Clandon, of
Sir Rich. Onflow, and Lith-H'IKo high, chac froth hence is
a clear Profpect inco Nine Counties. Combe Nevil; a Seat
of the Hdrveys ; Beddington, noted for ics noble Orchards
and Gardens, and for its Orange-Trees here fird- growing
in England. Near Nonfuch is a Vein of Poccer's'Earch, of
which they make Crufibles arid Veffels, to melt Gold and
qther Mecals. '. . ' :
The River Vandal, or Wandk, appears next running in
to che Themes ac Wandlefworth, where che Freneh Refugees
drive (Several Trades, and our Gencry have good "Homes;;
TherStream rifes at .Cafhdton; and Woodcot&j -and falls
down to che Ruins of Merton-Abbey, Celebrated formerly
for the Murther of K:Kenalph in a Harlot* Houfe, with
whom he was enamour'd ; and for a Parliament held in
the Reign of Hen. III. Lower ic receives a' Rivulet that
runs down from Croydon, encortipaffed with woody Hills, Croydon -,
at, populous,- and Market-Town, honoured wich a Free- m. S,
School, an Hofpital, a beautiful Church, and chiefly wicrT
i, Pallace of che ArchfBiihops of 'Canterbury; From hence
aftidgetof Hills ftreteh '.as far as'Famham, call'd Banfted-
Downes. At the Eaft is Ebfiham, or Epfom, iiriMilesfrom
Lmdoto, muck frequented in^the Summer-time by our
•Gentry, for the drinking of ics excellent and Medicinal
Waters. • In the Neighbourhood are Aflifted, afairHouffc,
U 2 wids

Southwark
M. S.

148 S II R R E Y.
with a Park, Duttwkh, where SidnunhWetb, and other?
ac Streetham are efteem'd for their Pftyficat Vertues, and
Operations. Towt'mg, Stretham, knights- Hill', and Wimble
don, where two Saxon Kings had a Fight, arid now is a fa
mous Houfe of the Illuftrious Thdm'as Duke of Leeds;
fitd bulk by Sir Tho. Cecil. On the top' of che Hill is
Wodcon; where che Ruins of a City appear, fuppofed fo
be the, old Nohmagus, or Nouninmagus,xke principal City of
the Regni. Leatherhead, a fmall Town, Micham^ and on
the River Mirelack, Putney, Br.tterfey, a- fine and pleafant'
Seat of Sir Walter St. John's, whofe Family is a paccern of
Religion arid:Vertue. Near to ic is Clapham,-Camberwett,
Newington, and, Lambeth, where our Gentry have beauri-'
ful Houfes, chiefly die A rch-BifhopV Pallace is worthy
of <J)bfervation, firft built by Ajrch-Bifhop Baldwin, An.
1 183, and beautified by- Arch.Bifhop-5AeW«i. with a
ftately Hal!. The prefent Arch-Bifhop is che mod Re
verend and Excdlent Prelate, Doctor Thomas Tennjjon. A
litcle lower is Southwark, or Sitthrick, reckohd as a Sub
urb pf London, and included within the City Jurifdicticin,
by K. Edward VI. but enjoys many of its ancient and
didinct Privileges, as Courts and Election of Parliament
Men. Here are remarkable Churches, Sc Mary-Qver-Ref,
a Parifh where the Church- Wardens have'the power of
chufing their two Minifters, or Chaplains; St; George's'-
Charch, St. J^ow^'s-Hofpital, che King's-Bencfi Prifon,
the M,-jifl>aifia, well known co Offenders and'Debtors-,
the Bear-Gjfden-, for the Divertifement of Be^r'and Bull-
feaitiflg, and the Bifhop of Winchefier's Pallace now curnd
into Screecs. This Borough is as large as fome Cities;
and can (hew many fair and beautiful Buildings. To this
whole County, of Surry was a notable' Benefactor, one
Smith, once.a Silver-Smith of London, who left chac Trade
to cake up cheidle Trade of Begging -, when' hedied, he
left a vad Eftate in the Hands of Truftees, to be beftoW-
ed upon.eryery.Markec-Townin^Krrv, che yearly Revenue
pf ¦ 50 /.; a year fell co the LOc of each Town, or 1000 t.
in Money; v; .
Wallaces. ' Pallaces5 ^bury and Waybridge, the Duke of Norfolk's;
Wimbleton, Duke of Leeds's ; Rowbampton; Duke of De-
iipnffjire's; Durance, Earl of Berkley's; Flanchford, Earl of
Plymouths ; Ryg-fe , Earl, . of /Peterborough's ; aBookfiam ,
Lord ' Effingham's -, Towt'mg Gravefny, Lord North's^ and
Grey's; Pepper- If arrow, che late Lord Holles's ; Lambeth-
Houfe, and Cnydon-Paltace^the Arch-Biftiop's. >¦' ¦ : >
The Lord . The, Lord Lieutenant ;©f this -County is his Grace";.
Lieutenant. #enry, Duke of Norfolk; '.¦¦>'¦ -. ,,1 >'-
The. Pound Ic payes. in che 2 1. Aid che Sum of 33410 /. o s. 6 d.
Tax. THE

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SUSSEX. i40-
TH E County of Sufifex, in Sax. Sud-fex, in Lat. Sufi- Name and
fexia, from its foutherlv Situation, is a County bor- Situation.
deringupon the 'Sea, on the fouch part. On the Weft
ithach Hampfhire, on che N^rth Surrey, and part of Kent,
and on the Ead die ocher part of that County.
It yields gobd dore of Corn, Grafs, Sheep, Wool, _
Wxrod, Iron for Guns here cad, Fifh, and Fowl, and a c?mmodt-
dehcate Bird about the bignefs of a Lark], peculiar to this tles*nA?ro-
County, call'd a Wheat-Ear, becaufe 'tis in its prime, and dli"s;
fac, when che Wheac is ripe in che Ear.
-' The firft Inhabicancs were the fame as they of Surrey, nu T„h/I,;
the Regni, during che Hepcarchy, ic was part of che Weft tL
Saxon Empire, and now is fubject to che Turifdiction of
the Bifhop of Chichejler, who is now the Righc Reverend
¦Learned D..Willi,.-m .
• The cliief Rivers are die Arm, or Arum, and che Ro
tter, chat rifes in chis County, wich many letter Screams
thac empty themfelves inco che Sea, buc none elfe of any
Noce. - The Air is ape co be thick and foggy, yet 'tis not ^vwcmV
reckon'd to be enhealchv, unlefs^ic be in che Marfh and Mramt>mu
low wee Grounds. Thie Soil is rich and fruitful, buc che
Ways deep and miry in Wir.ter and wet Weather ; to
wards Kent,'t\s woody, full ~.f Iron-Veins, che middle part
gives us che fight if abundance of fine and pleafant Mea
dows, buc che Ccad is Hilly, neverthelefs, ic yields boch
Corn for Man, and Grafs for Cattle, and Sheep. Few
good Harbours .ue in this Councy", unlets it be for fmall
Veffels.. '¦ Its Extent in length from Rye in the Eaft, to Harling Vv+I>M.
inrthe Weft,' is about So Miles, but in hreadth 'tis not Jr*™'
much above 20 in the breaded pare, drecching along the K / f
Englifh Channel. Ic contains abouc 1 140000 Acres; a- 7 7 UL %
bout 21540 Habicarions, 312 Parifhes, 17 Market-Towns. mnmtms"
The whole County being divided into 6 Rapes, and fub-
divided inco 65 Hundreds;' here are reckon'd to be
J29240 Souls, and about 43000 Men of abilicy for War.
•¦'- Thefe Nine Towns have the privilege of electing Mem
bers, for »ur4^riiament,' Chichefleri' Horfham, Midhwft\
Ixwesj New-Shorebam, Brember, Steyning, Eafl-Greenflead',Biirgefs.
Armickl, <;. befides thefe ' three Cinque-Ports, Haftitigs, Towns.
Wkbelfeyi and Seaford, and the tw'oKnights of the Shirey Steyning;
jn'all'26 Members; iwith the Barons of the Cinque-Ports; M. fe,
Ji The Sea-Coaft is high and chalky; call'd, the Downsi, .-.,"'.'.
thilShoaris foH Banks 'of Sands and Rocks, but the in- Defcription.
land Country & Woody,- and full of Parks. Here was that
MrgeiWood lAndrdtttwiiltt^ in BrihCottd-Andred, 130 Mites
idiehgthr apdw'abbut^o in Breadth^ where the unhappy
<&'** '. King

i5Q SUSSEX;
, • King S'fgebevM&er h,e was depof ed, ' was kill'd by a Keqp*
:er ofHjOg^ffir this County ,in forrrjer-day*, before ic was
d|fforeftedj3was;an Habitatiop.of.noihing but Deer and
Hff&& 'i Now- here rare abundance of Jron Furnaces,, and
Forges, and Fowcjef-Mnis, -near Haft'mgs, where the beft
JRe^r of..£^na(,is:madet '•-., .'• ;;
-\ v-K.-f y jThe^ixJ^apes; axfCfiichefler, Arimdet^ Brember, Lewe~f,
Sa$^'/i P^rflh.and/p.iftings... To every one belongs a Caftle,
•'v'v ' ifcv.efe- ^nd;^"F;s'reft. On die confines of Hamfhireis a
Remarkable Tract of Land, enyircfied by the Sea and Woods, named
places^ , ,^ Bofenhum, of^ehg.m^ which as Hiftofy relates, E. Godwin
" \]'.'. < |ftc*/by> a wile-,- jfrom -the Arch-Bifhcjp of Canterbury, ,cb
Chicheft'er'^fiflriljtjbfil^gdw Higher on che River Leuant is Chi»
M.W.andS.6^^'^ Brif. Qaercei, in Sax. C'tffance after, in Lat. Ci-
' cefir'm, built in a Plain by K. 0]fja, .-the fecond King of
chis Prevfoeev«}f no Rppuce before che Cpnqueft, but for
Sfe- Peter's Monaft&yj; arid Nunnery. The Bifhop's com*
ing.from ,$e/jej!,;to.'|etck.here, -bfoughttrwith him to this
place Wealth and Company. It hath now a Dean, a
ClTguiicer, ^ Chanc'elfour, a Treafurer, two Arch-Deacons,
?M uhirty Prebeiiidaritfs^ five or fix Parifh-Chimches; and
djfe Cathedral was firft built by Bifopp R^dulph, but being
eonfom'dby.Fire.^ it: was Rtredified by Bifhop Seffrid che
SwprvSk Tis ftowrd City of good; Trade, govern'd by a
Mt3yoD,!.'Aldermeni;- Recorder, &c. and has a beautiful
Mai?ket> jslacei, with' ifpacious Streets; but its Haven is
<rh»ak'drug,. Near.to-icisja Peninfula, calld -Selfeft ill
&sr.:Sw//,ey,:T|ie:Seac ol, cfie fird Bifhops, till Bifhop
Stigand die 22 Bifhop removed co Chichefler. 'Tis a not-
§ea$(1accjfQf.C5c^<ff atid-JMftmH hat; ate' here-taken -in a-
tefldinoej .A'r'li«le-l*ifeherris |.ife|^A;« rather
Srii^y*, 'tfcgreift P^ror(lofiPiIgriit3s,j;-where''is: plainly
tfi be-!fett<aoB^iria8iJeatop;.*Myeiirorft,chenoe ac Gob*
0l'iotgxhfad$p^rpj.aMM si plajie^aUlCthe %«#*. fetal
bfeifeea an^hfirbc^if^rti^jitiiqrie- Upon the Shoar are'
Arundel Sfeww-A&nbfcthe ^c^-iarVill^iinamd i-Middletoh,. n'eai>
M.W.imdS. dutfHivet ^*^>cltecri3WieA dovvfljfrAiiJt^nA/, an ancfr
Mi^^ioi^aitidjiiajllGadlei, Wttori whiehl an ^rMom' is
antw&'d^ fonoS^or^tohte Qraeert^Dufeeiof -Wrfeltd
Petwortli" ^iea*' w Sl-t"fa «**?*#> ,cher Seat.of .vheDwfcejoftSiwa
^ ^',1"!"'," fOTg^ witIia-m*kf[f8Ck, -and^H^ossra-finall'Twwa
Skrink'cotT ja^^-'^^ififcrcfaer idithejLaudiarje., ®w>dreyl-*%m
M w. *': ^c^;#rer;K<!hfrgl«'spa
Midharil PK*BeCW&*e#I«s ^^tofemftnw-Lfe, CWttfeaTiCEfen
JfjS^>n «f' that N^rf:,oaitfjfte>ni:thjfe Sivejjrito^ubhere- isia33fr&i
Mri£re,-.©n>iitt lsM',{ flariosi :^B%ba:prei%-T<»wil> fieaK
effihgtmt, 1 fetelyitbelettging^-tor. irh,te\W«MbiJ^!«f Weftifh^U
p&klmtmh flarii/byrlstftiiSlorHQrtSji'jsp^jrjj.aria Gkmkt

SUSSEX. I5I
bury, 'Marks of Antiquity. On the Coaft is' the Barony
of Broadwater, anciently of che Lords de Chamois, which
came by Marriage to. the Lewkemrs.:,-, On the Sea-fhore
are Shoreham, fornnerly Scoreham, old, and new, Tisshoreham
a Town corporate, and govern'd by a Conftable ; and ,M s3t:
Ships were able to fail, up die River as far as ,Brem- ', '
ber^ but now che. Haven is ftopc with Sand. Within Btiafn-M
fight is Brighthelmfted, or Brighthetmijton, a iarge Town ai-J^Z'
Fifhermen, with a fmall Harbour. A litde . Eafterly widi-, Thurfd
in the Land, upon a Iktfe Scream, and a rjfing Groupd,
ftands the good Town of Le»>e.>- , containing fra Parifb- Lewes- M.
Churches well inhabited by Gentry and Trodefmen, gOr,Sac.
vern'd by cwo Conftables. At the: encrance of the Ri
ver is New- Haven, a fife Harbour for imali Ships. Fur-,
ther in the Land are Cuxfield, a -Marker-Town , Dichjing^ Cuxfield M.
Hbrfbam, and Afhdown-Foreti, St. Leonafd's¥cxeil, wish a Fr.
great many Parks. More Eafterly upon th« (hare are Horfham
Cuc\ were-Haven, near a Lake full of Fifh, the Beach ad- M. Sac.
vancing inco che Sea>. . The Ruines; oiFenfey, or Petien-.
/gi-Caftle, pr Pevenfey-tisven, Eofh-horn ; , and up the Ri*
ver Hoyfktm and Her ft, or Hurfl, amongit che Woods, an
ancienc Inheritance of the Fiennes's, now of the Earl- of
Suffix. Near Pevenfey, William the Norman landed with)
his Army, and marching from hence co the Plains, near
Haflings, he encouncer'd wich K. Harold, arid goc,-- wich
the Victory, che Crown of England, An.,1066. Here ,- in
the vecy place where Harold was kill'd in the midft of his
Enemies valiantly fighting, the Conqueror afterwards
built a ftately Abbey, and for a perpetual, remembrance
of.hisSuccefs, call'd it Battel-Abbey, granting to it the Battels
privilege of a Sanctuary for Thieves and Murderers, fat. Thurfd.
Befides ic had ics Market on Sundays, appointed by H. I.
wichouc Toll or Cuftom ; bwt fince the Priviledges are a-
bolifhed, and the Marker is ordered for Thurfday ; and
Monthly anocher Marker Tuefday for live Cartrel. In the
Neighbourhood is Afhbumham, a Noble Fabrick with a
Beautiful Church' Within che Land, near Surrey, i&Gr-mft j
Eaft-Gnmfiead , a Boroagh. Town,, with a handfom built ^im
Church, goyern'd by s Bayfiff amd BiflfgefTes, , To return - * aC-
tc* the Sea we meet- in our Road Eaftedy Haflings one ~.
of, che Ginejue-pOFts, in Sax. Hafiinga eeafier. 'Tis a mvj%t 9
a- Mayor Tojwn, which WUliam che Conqueror, fortified w-oco.
with a Caftle,. how! decayed v and has two Streets, and
as . many ParhfavChWhes. ¦ On the .North-Earl of the
County ftands BUckjmtt, a Town and Honor belonging
to the Rfight Honourable, the E. of Dorfet, who is Baron
of Buckfiurft. Next we. fee W'mhelfey, built near where winchel-
a Town of the fame Name, was fwallowed by the raging fey m. Sat.
Sea.

152 , SUSSEX.
Sea. The Old Town had 18 Parifh-Churches,- die New
is built upon a Rock, and hach buc one, govern" d by a
Mayor, is one of the Cinque-porfs, and gives the HcK
nour of an Earl co che Right Honourable Tho. Finch E.
of Winchelfey. Near the Sea ftands Camber-Caflle, where
R. A/ W was formerly a Town of chac Name. The Town of Rye,
pye m. w. ^^ Q^ the cinque-porcs, flourifhes fince the Decay
of Winchelfey. -The Sea breaking into the Land, has
made ic a convenienc Haven ; fo chac 'tis now a Town
well builc, at die Mouch of che River Ruther, is govern'd i
by a Mayor and Jurats, is a Paffage into Normandy, arid
frequented by Fifhermen, and Famous for excellent
Sea-fifh of all forts fold in its Markets Wednef days and
Saturdays: This River fprings near Either amf eld , or
Rotherfeldi a fmall Village, and comes down near Butg-
wafli and Eckjngham, two ancient Baronies of great Ac
count in former Days for the Wifdom, Vertue and Ho
nour of their Pofleffors. The River runs down to Ro-
thenridge- Abbey, Founded by Allured de St. Martins, to
Bodiam, Where was a Caftle of the Lewkenors, to Nordi-
ham; then dividing its Waters in two Streams, it runs
round Oxney-Jfland in Kent, and enters the fait Water on
the fide oiPeafermerfh ; where,towaf ds the Sea, are Guil
ford, Camberfalls, wich the figns of old Winchelfey under
Waters,
The Honor. Suffex has been an Earldom belonging to 5 of the Fa
mily of D'Mbenefs, "to 2 of the Plant agenets, 6 of the
Ratcliffs, 2 of the Savils, but now it belongs to the
Right Honourable Tho. Leonard, Who, upon his marrying
wich Aim, King Charles's Natural Daughcet by che Duchefs
of Cleaveland, Wascreaced E. of Suffex, An.i6j$.
Bar-el The moft Famous Baecles in chis Councy were* at
eat.eis. ^WWj becween K. Hen. III. and his Barons, May 12. M
1674. above 4500 Men were (lain, che King was caken
Prifoner, wich his Son Edward his Brocher, by SimoA
Montford and Gilbert de Clare, Earls of Leicefler and Glo
cefler. . The ocher was ac Battel- Abb), 14 OBob. io66i
where 67974 Englifh- men were killed by William the Nor*
man, and,Harold left his Life and Crown co the Concj. ,
Pallaces. The principal Pallaces are, Arundel-Caflle, che D. ofW-
fbll£s ; Petworth-Place, the D. of Somerfet's'-, Buck,hurfi
and Stoneland, E. of Dorfet's-,Bolbroak_, E. of Thahet's;
Herfl-monceax, E. of Suffex's ; Vpp-Park., Battel-Abbey^
Caudrey, and Poyning, Vile. Montague's; Eridge, Lord A-
bergavenny's ; Ifield, the lace Lord Hollis's, &c.
The Lord Lieucenanr of chis Councy is the Right Ho-
Hourable Charles E. of Dorfet and Middlefex,. STAfi

STAFFORDSHIRE. r" 153
STAFFORDSHIRE, in Lat. Staffordienfis Comita- Name and '
tus, in Sax. Staffordfiyre , is an inland Councy, ha- Situation,
'ving Darbyfhire on che Eaft, Shropshire on che. Wed, CAe-
/Wre and che ocher pare of Darbyjhire on che Norch, and
Warwick, and Worceflerfhires on che Souch.
The Products of this County are, Copper, Lead; Salt, Commodi-
Alabafter, (fyc. plenty of Grafs from che Meadows and ties and Pro-
Pafture Grounds, of Corn from che Fields, of Fewel from dulls!
the Woods, Coat and Peat from the Pits, of Wool from
the Flocks of Sheep, of Iron from che Mines in the South, t:
of Deer and Rabbits from the Parks and Warrens, and of
River-Fifh from the. Trent and Dot/e, where the' Mucton is
edeem'd the fweeceft of England. Here is alfo good dore
of Lime for building, wich fome Marble.
Thefird Inhabicants were che Tribe -of the Cornavii, or qi^ jnhaf,u
Cornabii, an inland People, who afforded Soldiers co che *anp^ '
Roman Emperours in cheir Wars. This County was wich- r
in che Kingdom of Mercia, and now is under che Jurifdi-'
ction of che Bifhop of Lichfield and Coventry.
The Rivers chac wacer chis Councy are, che Trent, che Rjvsrs, 'u
Dove, che Churner, che Etithe, che Lime, che Tern, the Save ,
the' Penk, the Manifold, &c.
The Air is pleafant, mild, and healthful; the Soil is in Air and Soil
fome pare very rich, but on che Norch pare folly and bar- .
ren, Heaths and Moors -, the middle level arid plain, bue:
woody; the Soudi abounds in Coal, Iron Mines, Grafs, .ri.'1'
and Corn.
The Excenc from Norch to Souch is in Length abouc 44 'Extent.
Miles, in Breadch from Ead co Wed abouc 27. Ic con- Acres.
tains 810000 Acres, abouc 23740 Houfes, 5 Hundreds, Number of
130 Parifhes, 19 Markec-Towns, 142440 Souls, abouc. Inhabitants,
47000 Men fie for War.
Buc four are Burgefs-Towns, Stafford2, Jjchfeild,- New-'
caflle under Lime, and Tamwort h, wich the c'woJKftighcs of Burgefs?
the Shire, make Ten Members of Parliarnerit. -Towns, '.',-''
' -To begin wich che Defcription, in the South appears Defiript'toni, '
Dndfey-Caftle and Stourton-Caftle, remarkable places in old '
time, for their noble Poffeffors ' ; next Chill'mgttm, an anci- .-
ent Mannor, formerly of the Giffard's; ¦' Wolverhampton, of Wolyer-
Vlfrenes hampton, from Dlfruna, who' built here 'a" Mona-'fiampton
dery, having a Free 'School, arid a College, now belong- M- ' WenC
irig co che Deari and' Prebends' of Windfir.- Theaton-Hall, . .
in (horc Tetnall, near' Wroiiefley, where are the 'Remains of
Britifh Habitations fourid under Ground; Weadesburg, or'
Wedsborrow , fortified by -Mdelfleda ; Walfall ,' ; a Markef- Walfal, M
Towri', Govern'd by a Mayor ; Draiton , Baffet, and near Tuefd.'
the T/wne-RiveE Fatkffley, where is a Scone Bridge ; Tarn- "
X worth,

154 STAFFORDSHIRE.
Tarn worth, worth, in Sax. Tama-feord, on the Borders of Warwick-
M. Sat. ' fhire, a Royal Seat of the Mercian Kings ; and on the edge
of Shropfhire Seafdap, .where, at Abbots, or Apewood-Caflle,
at Kings-Swinford, at fljnfare and Hynts,, near WatlingffreeF,
aire yet remaining Signs of Warljck Fortifications ; arid at
Elf or d. is a Roman Tomb, at a. Village call'd Wall, a Ro
man Station, fuppps'd to be Etocetum ; oppofice co ic is
v , . ',. PenckrUg, famous for a Horfe-Fair ; and .on che South-fide
railmdge 0£ t^ie Roman way, Fetherflon and Brewood, where was
„ , found a Brafs Head, and ochers ac Rufhbury and Hundf-
Brewood, mf^ ¦¦ ,_' " : '
* • jThe 7re#,, fo nam'd from 30 Rivers that pay Tribute
to. i,t, and 30 Frifh' ¦ that 'Swim in it. It- rifes in this Count-
Newcafile tv' ouc °^ tw0 adjoyning Springs, near Newcaftle under
M, Mun. ?*Pm$-> where theDJ. .of Lancafler Jiad upon the River Liffte
' ¦'- '-''¦"' ' 'a gpod Caftle. The Town is weil-built,, having a Mayor,
^Bayliff,., Surgeries, and Steward^ incorporated by Q. £//^.
Ne^r to ic flood Trentham, or Tricingham, a little MonafteJ
Stone, M ry ;"nexc are Stpher.a frnall Markec-Tqwn, fo call'd from
Tu, ' .die -Scones-erected in memory of the unnatural Muri-her1
of Wulfufd and Rufm,. by -their Heathen Father King Wol
pher, for being turn'B Chridians ; Sai\don, a fine Seat;
-Canfixcood-, where- the Trent meets, with the Saw thac rifes
at Liealy-Caftle near Bloreheatfi ; Chebfey, formerly belong1-
Ecclefhall 'n£ co tne ^d .Haftings; Ecclefhall, die Bifhop of Lich-
M Fr fluid's Palace ; and. near Stafford Ettenhall, famous for the
Family of the Noeis. Upon the Sow is Stafford, m Lat. ¦
Staffordia, incompafs'd with rich Meadows, having two
. Parffhes, a Free-SchopI, a large fquare Market-place, and
,.,„. is govern'd by a Mayor, Burgeffes, and Recorder,^. 'Tis
'bow an Honour belonging to the Right Honourable Hen,
Howard E. of Stafford. Near to ic are Ticks-Hall, Inge-
flre, the ancient Seac;pf the Chetwinds, eminent for cheir
Liberalicies to the -Church ; Chartley-Caftle , Beaudeferi,
Lichfeild belonging to the Lord Pagets. Lichfeild, in Lat, LichfeU
M- T> &F. ^*» appears next in pur Road, a City and County dand-
ing in a low moorim Ground joyn'd to the Clofe and Ca-
thedral by cwo Bridges and Caufeys, anciendy nam'd Li-
°7j™a?'(idfeld,'TXQm che number of the (lain in the Diocleflan
yS Perfecucion. ft was made a Bifhop's. See by Ofwin K. of
-. ,-. ™ ': the Northumbers .• Afterwards ic became an Archiepifco-
pal See by che Favour of Pope Adrian, buerecurn'd co
the Auehoricy of a Bifhop, which was removed from
thence co Chefler, and afterwards to Coventry. -Tis now a
well-built City, having 3 Parifh-Churches, a Cathedral, a
 Bifhop's Pallace decay 'd, a Dean and Prebends, a Free-"
""" School, and Hofpital, and is govern'd by two Bayliffs, a
Sheriff,

STAFFORDSHIRE. 155
Sheriff, 24 Burgeffes, a Recorder, fyc. 'Tis now an Ho
nour belonging to the Right Honourable Edw. Hen. Lee E.
of Lichfield, who is alfo Baron of Spetlesbury,and Vifcount
Qjtarenden. The Trent, the Tame, and the Dow, run nexc co Bur
ton, nam'd for Didiftinction Burton upon Trent, fam'd for R
Alabader, and a fine Bridge over che River inco Darbyfkhe. z}}non ^'
Near Burton- are Btithfeild, a fine Seac -, Needwood-Fdrefl, i:1 •
full of Parks ; Rugeley, or Rigley, near che Canl^-Forefl. *}&f!l ™-
On the North of the County we find a Ridg of Hills1 Tuetd-
here called Moorland, afterwards the Peak? in Darby {hire ;
and as they run Norcherly, Blackjhne-edge, Craven, Stan-
more, and Cheviot. The Land is here barren, moory, and
heathy, and hach a Hill call'd Wever, of which is che Pro
verb, * Woccon under Wever, Where God comes never. In* A Village
chefe Mountains are die Springs of the following Ri- under aHill
vers, Dove, Hans, Churnet, Tern, Blath, and Trent. The fhaded from
Dove is chiefly noced for ics Fertility; the Ham, or the the Sun.
Manifold, for running 3 Miles under Ground. The Chur
net vifits Lee^., a irnall Town, and Aulton, formerly a Ca- ^-een M.
die. Lower che Tern meets with the Dove, which rifes Wen£
near Cheddle, an ancient place of the Baffets, where, in
Ciec^/ey-Church- Yard are 3 Scones erected, in Memory of Checklev
3 Bifhops here buried, (lain in a Bactel, as is reported, m. Th.
The Dove runs from hence under a fine«Stone-Bridge co
Zftcefter, or Vttokcefler , co Vtoxiter, a Town upon an'Ucoxicer
Eminency well-built, fam'd for its plentiful Markec ofM>Wen£
Caccel, Swine, Sheep, Butter, Cheefe, Corn, Fifh, and '
Flefh. Lower is Tutbury-Caftle, with a Park, an ancienc Seat, Tutbury
upon an Alabader-Hill. Near to it is Rolflon, and in the M. WenfdJ
Land Pagets-Bromley , a Market-Town. On the Confines Bromley
of Chefhire isBethes, a fmall Market. Within the Limits M. Tu.
of this Shire is Dudley, belonging co Worceflerflnre. 'Tis Bethes'^/,
noced for ics Trade of Nails, and other Iron Wares. To Tu.
chis County belong many Heachs, Moors, and Woods ; as Dudley M. '
Canokfvood, Alderwas-hay, Hopways-hay, Kinvar-Forefl, Per- Sac
fey-Chafe, Needwood, Hopton-Heath, Swiverton-Heath, Bkre- ^oors anc[
heath , Murleftone-heath , Afhley-heafh , Olton-heath , Meer- floaths.
heath , Calton-moor , Caldon-moor , Wethey-moir , Okeamoor,
Hollington-heath, and che Mooridge of a large Excent.
The principal Abbeys were at Burtun, Rofefler, Croxden, j^eyj - grgj
Hilton, De la Crefs, Trentham, Ronton, Cornwall, Sandwell, \
wich the Priories ac Tutbury, Calrvich-jione, St. Thomas,
Lapley, befides che Collegiac Churches of St. Maries, in
Stafford, Wolverhampton, Gnofall and Penkrich.
X2 The

156 STAFFORDSHIRE.
Battles. The chief Battels were, at Blore-heath, 23 Sep. 1459.
between Richard E. of Salisbury for the Houfe of Tork., a-
gaind James Lord Audley, for Henry the Sixth ; where,
befides the Nobilicy. and Gentry, were (lain 2400 Men.
At Tretnall another .Fight was becween K. Edward and
the Danes. And An. 1643. ac Hopton- Heath a bloody Bac-
cel happen'd becween the King and Parliamenc Forces,
where che valiant Spencer Earl of Northampton loft his
Life, Sicr
fallaces. The Pallaces are, Blorehall, the late Duke of New-
cafile's ; Alton-Caftle, Earl of Shrewsbury's ; Newborough,
Earl of Bridgwater's; Stafford-Caflle, Earl of Stafford's;
Throwly, Earl of Arglas's ; Drayton Baffet, Vifcount Wey
mouth's; Chartley-Caflle , Lord Ferrer's; Sturton-Caflle ,
Lord Stourton's; Beaudefert, Sinay-Park, and Drayton, Lord
Paget's; Rolleflon, Lord North and Grey's ; Gerords, Brom
ley, Sandon , and Willoughbridge, Lord Gerard's ; Hamflall
and Ridware,Lord Leigh's ; Dudley-Caftle and Himley, Lord
Ward's ; Lichfield-Clofe and Ecclefhall, the Bifhop of Lich
feild and Coventry's. _ '
Rarities. Abouc Four Miles from Wolverhampton ftood che 2coy<?/
0*t, once che Recreac of King Charles che Second after
Worcefler Fighc, from whence he was conveyed to Mrs.
t Jane Lane's, who faved his Life. A certain Poec cells
us, chac in this Councy is a Lake, chac all wild Beads, do
naturally fhun -, but 'tis not known where it dands. Here
are alfo feveral Salt Springs, as in Chefhire, that yield very
good Salt.
Plants. Bere grdw the yellow-leav'd Firr-Tree, the Pear-like
Service, the White-berried Elder, and 'the letter Sea
Srar-wort, tfyc.
The Lord Lieutenant of this County is the Right 'Ho
nourable the Lord Paget.
It pays in the 2 s. Aid theSumm of Thirteen choufand
Five hundred and Sixty Pound Eleven Shillings and Se
ven penpe. ,v.

The

A Table rftheXkndreds <ut3£aru cf other Aunties

c 'Toil °
ter /tijHa/oloi.*J *

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iCijteaate SCundred
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\W hi/to ntfhnd-
V ud/hrn2fund .
Cheltenham 1/hnd
\Sradley 'Xim3
YRtipLr.-iatr 3£und.
\f}tAeiu}/i2£dnd
ig)U Cnrtturrn j£wid ¦

^ \ Slaughter Mun? red
®rWom>n. 'JfunB.
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GrombotBafhttTi-nd.
tuekUehureh Mind ¦
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fflarton'ZAind .
ifiavXialdred TartofTVoreefter Shire
Xart ofJBerl Shire
Tart ofTVtlt-S hire
Tart ofjbnmouth
Iura ofGfocefterSldre

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fa.CarUford
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» ?0 .' , 4.0

SUFFOLK. 157
THE County of SUFFOLK, in Lat. Suffblcia, in Name and
Sax. Sud-folc, is a large Maritime County, bordering Situation.
pn che Ead upon theBe/^'c^Ocean, on che Wed on Cam
bridgefhire, on the North ic hath Norfolk, and on che Souch
Effex. The Commodities are excellenc, Buccer , lean Cheefe, Commodi-
all forts of Grain diac grow in che level Fields, and on ties and
the Hills, Peafe, Rye, Hemp, and many Flocks of Sheep ProduSs.
are fed. Here are feveral Manufactures. In the North
the Courfe Linnen Manufacture is chiefly manag'd. In
the South Broad Cloths are made, and in the Wed they
fpin White Work for che Norwich Worfleds. The Coaft
was fam'd- for che Fifhing-Trade, buc now 'tis much ne
glected. The ocher pares are well employed in Husban
dry for the Increafe of all fores of Corn.
The fird Inhabitants of chis County were the fame as in Old Inhabi-
' Norfolk, the Iceni -, ic made a pare of che Kingdom of che tants.
"EsA\ Angles, and is nOw under the Bifhop of Norwich.
--'The Rivers chac water it are the licde Oufe, che Weveney, %j.vers,
the Stower, che Breton, che Onvel, or che Gripping, che De-
, ben, the Ore, and the Blith. Here are two Channels of
Ipfwich, Woodbridge, and Orford, thac are full of Salc-wacer
Fifh. Ic hach cwo Divifions ; the Franchife, which contains the Divifions.
Wederh pare, namely the Liberties of BIHh'mg and Sc. Au
drey, and Ipfwich, and fome Hundreds ; and che Geldable,
- which comprehends all che Ead Pare. Each Divifion has ,
;BCS own Grand Jury ac the.Affizes.
The Air is generally fo wholfom, that it is prefcribed jfa and Soil
,oy fome Phyficians co cure fome Difeafes. The Soil is va-
'flaus ; on che Coad 'tis healthy, Sandy, and rifes into
cold Hills, yet crbwn'd in Harved with Hemp, Peafe, and
Rye. The inland County is Clay, and full of Woods, buc
employed in che Dafry. The Borders of Effex are for
Wood and Padure. The Norch- Wed is fown wich Corn
of all fores ; and here are no lefs chan 50 Parks fn chis
County. Ic ffrerches in Lengch from Dunwich in che Ead co New- Extent, A-
Market in che Wed, abouc 45 Miles in Breadth, in fome cres, and
places about 30, in others abouc 20 Miles. Ic contains number of
995000 Acres, about 34420 Houfes, 206520 fetled In- Inhabitants,
habicancs, abouc 68000 Fighcing Men, 22 Hundreds, 575 &c.
Parifhes, 28 Markec-Towns..
The Burgefs-Town are feven, Ipfwich, Dunwich, Orford, Burgefs-
• Alborough, Sudbury, Eye, and Sc. Edmundsbury. OntheWeft<7o»'«.
Pare nexc to Cambridgefhire is Ixming, a decayed Town near Defcyhtion
New^Marhjt., which is - half in Cambridgefhire and half in New.Mar-
Suffolk^, noted for Horfe-racing, having two Parifhes, one ^ t M j~
in ' *

/i 5,8

S U F F OL K.

in Suffolk, the ocher in Cambridgefhire, much frequented
by the late K. Charles, who builc here a Houfe for his Re-*
dreacion. Near co ic is Devils Dike, a wonderrul Ditch.
Bury M. In the Land is St. Edmundsbury, the old Villa Fawflini, in
Wenf. Sax. Bedericks-Court, or Bedericks gueord. , It chang'd its
Name when St. Edmond kill'd by the Danes was here bu
ried. 'Twac a famous and rich Monaftery, fubject co
none buc che Archbifhop ; ic hach 2 Churches,1 a Free-
School, and is a Town-Corporate,, under an Alderman, a
T, r , Recorder, ffjrc. Near co' it are Rufhbro\, Jkefworth, and
IKelwortn, Northerly Fprnham, St. Genoveflc , where Lord Chief Ju-,
(lice Lucy flew above 10000 Flemings, led by /lofrerj E. of
Leicefler, An. 1173. Hengrave and Chulfurth, where are
two fine Seacs, and Lidgate, where che Learned /o/w
Lidgate che Monk was born. '
The River Stour near ics Spring runs inco a large Fenn
call'd Stanmsre; ic vifics next Stoke-Clare, , chac has given
Clare, M.V. Name co a moft Honourable Family, and paffes by Long
Sudbury, Melford, an Hofpical, to Sudbury, a Mayor-Town, and po-
M. Sat. pulous, enjoying a good Trade of Cloathing, having 3
Parifhes, gives the Honour of a Baron co die Duke of
Grafton. Ac fome diftance is Edwardeflon, noced former
ly for ics Honourable Lords. Lower che Breton falls into
Srw, coming from Bretenham, once a Town of good Ac
count, named Com bretonium ; from Nettlefled, belonging
lacely co che Wentworths, near Ofton,- the Town of K„ Offa,
. where are che Ruines of an old Caftle upon a Chalky Hill;
Hadley, M. and ffatuey} noce(j for ics Woollen Manufactures ; and from
RMft " m B'$on an^ Laneh«m 5 tw0 Markec-Towns. When the two
BMton, M. Rjvers are joyn'd, they run by Bentley, the Seat of che
^evT Taltnaches ; by Arwerton, lacely of che Parkers. The Ri-
Lanenam, vttQrwell, or Gipping, meecs them near che Salt Water.
e Ic rifes ouc of cwo Springs, che one at a Village call'd Gip-
Wulpec. ping, che ocher ac Wulpet a Market-Town ; on a Hill be
cween them are the Ruins of an old Cadle call'd Ha&ghks.
Scow,7tf.T. Upon che Banks of chis Scream we tee S*ow, and Needbam,
Needham, two Market-Towns, not far from Hemingfton, held of the
M. Wenf. King by Sergeantry that every Chriftmas-day the Lord of it
* A Fart, fhould perform before the King Saltw fufflits and * pettm.
Ipfwich, Ac che Mouch ftands Ipfwich, formerly Gippewich, in Sax.
jW.W.Fr. Gypefwic, a little City with a good Harbour. 'Ti&popu-
&Sat. lous, hath 12 Churches, befides St. George's Chappel, cwo
Bayliffs, twelve Port-men, a Recorder, fyc. to govern ic,
a Free-School, a Library, and- an Hofpical. 'Twas the
Birch-place of Cardinal Woolfey, a Butchers Son. On che
Shoar is a long Ridge call'd Longerfttm,xhzt. advances far- in
co the Sea, known to, and dreaded by Mariners. Nor*
cherly we meet with the River Deben, that fprings out of
the

SUFFOLK. i59
the Earth near Mtndlefbam, and paffes down co Debenham, Mendle-
to Vfford, co Woodbridge, and enters the Sea ac Bawdfey-Ha- foam M.T.
ven. The nexc River on che Coasft is che Ore, chac comes Debenham
from Ffamhiiigham into a Lake. This was a fine Caftle, M. Fr.
where <\Mary refided when King Edward her Brodier Wood-
died. Next are Parrham, a fmall Town -, Glemham, Ore- bridge M.
ford, where was a Caftle that gives the Title of Earl to the Wenfd.
Valiant and noble Admiral Ruffel. Higher in che Land is Framling-
Smn^rndfiham, M. Th. and in Slaughden-Vale ; on che Coaft, ham M.
ftands Aldborough, a Town govern'd by 2 Eayliffs; and Al- Sac.
ddngham, a Village. 'Tis reporced by an Old Hifloriah, Orford M.
that in the Reign of H.\. fome Fifhermen caughc in cheir Mund.
Nets a wild Sea-man, who had all the Parts of a Man ; but Alborough
he efcaped back again to the Sea, after he had been kept M.Sat._
on the Land 6 Months upon Flefh and Fifh. On the fame $ee g-ir R
Shore (lands Dunwicb, in Six. Dunmoc, once an Epifcopal Baker.
See in the Infancy of Chriftianicy in chis Land. Nexc is Dunw'ich
the River Blith, chat runs into the. Salc-Wacers ac South- ryj_ §at. '
wold. On che Banks is Blithbarrow, a place of great Ac- Svvold M.
count in former Days. Here the Promontory of Eaflon -fh.
Neffe advances into the Main Eadward. In die Land are
Wingfeild, with a ruinated Cade; Dunnngton, Huntinfeild, _ . ,-
Hevemingham, and Halefwortb, noted Places. The little J M
Oufe and Waveney pare chis Councy from Norfolk, rifing ~or^'
both ouc of marlhy Ground near Lophamford. Near the '
Riyer Oufe is Eufton, a Noble Seat of che lace Earl of Ar
lington, now^ieTonghig.co che D. of Grafton. On Suffolk: Budefdale
fide of che River is Brandon, Budefdale, Eye, Bungay, and g^ Bungay'
Beckfes; and on che Seashore Leftojf, all Markec Towns, m. Sat.
In the Land are Bedingfeild, the name of an ancient Fami- g *e jvj.Sat.
Iy -, Mettingham, where flood a Cadle. . Towards Tar- Beckles
mouth is Luthingland, almod encompaffed round with Wa- jyj# sat# '
ter, where are Sanerley, Golfton, and che Ruines of Cno- Liftoff
bersburg. There a Caftle and a Monaftery dood of Greac M_ wenf.
Antiquity. The other Market-Towns in this County are, Haveril,
Bilfton, and Needham, Market Wednesdays; Stow, Tanfdale,
Markec Ihtrfdays ; MUdenhall and Neyland, Market Fri
day?, . .
In this County were abouc 30 Religious Foundacions of
Monks, Nuns and Friars now all dedroyed.
There are ocher good Towns belonging co chis Councy,
1& R/gdlefijgm, on the River Deben, neat Orford; Wickam,
or Wickfim -Markec, where a Spire Sceeple appears to Ma
riners ; Wald£rfmc\, near the Sea, &c. •
' The noted Pallaces are, Euflon-Hall, the D. of Graf- paffar({,
ton'&$ Chrifl-ehurcb in Ipfwich ; Sudburn-Hatl and Soham's
Lodge, Vifc. Mreford's ; Denbam-Hall , Vifc. Tomfend's ;
' &' J - > - Topck.

itfo . S U F F O L K.
TofiockzPlace \ Lord North's and OVe/s ; Broom-Hall and
Calford-Hall, Lord Cornwall's, &c.
Rarit'm The remarkable things in this County are, the Moving
Sands in Downham. The Devils Ditch, at New-Market. The
two Springs at Lopham-Ford, that run contrary ways. Upon
the Beach ac Orford Peafe and Colworcs grow of cheir own
accord without fowing or fetting. At Bealings and Haske-
ton are Waters that never freeze. At Boyton is a curious.
White Earth, that might be employed to make good Ear
then Ware.
Plants Tne PIants tllac §row nacuralIv in tnis County are, So-
thernwood, or fine leav'd Mugwort ; Yellow-berried Hol
ly ; Woolly-headed Thidle ; Fine-leav'd~ Badard Parfley ;
Golden-flow.erd Samphire ; Spanifh Catchfly ; Nighc-flow-
ering Campion ; Water Aloe ; Englifh Sea-peafe ; Long-
leav'd Water-Hemlock ; Knotted Trefoil wich round Heads ;
Upright Speedwell; common Roman Necde ; fmall mild
white-flower'd, Stone-crop, tfyc.
The Lord Lieutenant is the Right Honourable Charles
Lord Cornwallii.
Ic pays-in che 2 s. Aid che Sum of 36909 /. 12 s. yd.
What was omitted of Oxfordfhire.
Dorcheder A "T the meeting of the Thame and Ifis is Dorchefler, an
f\ old decayed Town, once a Bifhop's See, removed
from hence to Lincoln. From this place the River vifits
Beiifon, a noted Town, in fight of New Elme, an ancient ;
Seac, and afterwards it runs to Watlingford in Barkjhire,
Henley M. and to Henley, in which Hundred is Brdtberfeild, a Barony ;
Thurld. and near Chilter-Hills, Watlington, a Markec Town, and'
SherbornrCaftle.
Other mar- The oc'ier MarkecTewns are, Bampton upon che Ifis, a
ket-Towns. large Town, and a larger Pariih, wiriia Chappel of Eafe,'
ics Markec is Wednefday ; Chipping-Norton, aTownCorpo--
race under cwo Bayliffs, Markec Wenfday. -
jjmrm This is an ancienc Earldom chat has continued abouc
500 Years in che mod noble Family of che Veres. The
prefent Earl is the valiant, courteous, and excellent Lord
Aubrey de Vere, reckon'd co be che 20th Earl lineally def
cended irosn Aubrey Je Vere, created E. of Oxford by Hen.2.
An. 1155.
Befides the Battels formerly mention'd, chere was a
Battles. cruel Fighc ac Edge-hill upon che Borders of chis Councy,
in Warwickjhire, becween K. Charles I. and the Parliamenc
Army, commanded by che E. of Effex, die 23 Otlob.t&qH.
becween 5 and 6oooMen were (lain on boch fides ; Ban>
bury was then taken and Garrifon'd by the King, foe )
WAR-

WARWICKSHIRE. 161
WARWICKSHIRE, in Lat. Varvkenjis Comita- Name and
tm, hach on che Ead Northampton and Leicefler- Situation.
/hires, on the South Oxford and Glocefierflnres, on che Wed
Worfterflire, and on the Norch Staffordfhire. 'Tis divided -
inco cwo parts, the feldon and the Woodland.
The chief Commodicies of this County are Wheat, Commodi-
Barley, Peafe, Malt, Cattle, and Sheep, and other Pro- t;es [mc{pro.
ducts of che Fields and rich Meadows, and fome Iron dulls.
Mines. The Tribe of the Cornavii were the Inhabicants in the
Romans time; in the Saxon it made a part of theKingdom Old Inhabi-
6f Mercia, and is now under the Jurifdiction of the B[- tants.
(hop of Lichfield and Coventry.
'Tis well watered with Rivers and Brooks ; the princi-1- .
pal are the Avon, the Anker, che Arrow, che Rea, che Cole, Kivers-
the Blithe^ che Sence, the Sherborn, the Sow, the Swift, &c;
The Air is wholfom, as mild and pleafant as any pare jjran2soil
of England, and die Soil generally very fruitful, the Fields
of Corn, and the Meadows of Grafs for feeding of Sheep
and Cartel, particularly the South part, named Feldon,
where is che rich Vale of che Red Horfe ; che North is more
woody, and therefore nam'd Woodland, anciently Arden.
Ic reaches in Length from Long Compton in the South co
Newton in che Norch, about 33 Miles; and in Breadth Extent.,
from Hilmorton in the Eaft to Hewelgrange in the Wed, a- Acres.
bout 25 Miles, containing 670000 Acres, about 21970 Number of
Dwelling-Houfes, five Hundreds, 158 Parifhes^ 17 Markec Inhabitants.
Towns, 131800 fecded Inhabitants, about 439000 able
Men fit for War.
Euc cwo Towns fend cheir Members co our Parliamenc,
Warwick, and Coventry, befides che cwo Knighcs of che Shire, Bfiriefs-
in all 6 Members. ' Tmm-
Feldon, being the riched pare of this Councy, is a plain n „, . .
Country on the Soutfofide of Avon, where Edge-kill ap- UeJc'"'Ptm-
pears, famous for a Baccel becween the King's and Parlia- Edgehili.
ment Forces, An. \6\i. the 9th of September, where fome
reckon about 5 or 6000 (lain, ochers lefs. At the bottom
of Edghill is Rodway, or Racley , a Village, where is a
large Fortificacion, of abouc 12 Acres, and che adjoyning
Vale is call'd che Vale of che Red-Horfe, from a Red Horfe ^fe yale of
cut and preferv'd by che Inhabicancs on the'fide of Edge- Re^.j{arrei
bill, one of red-colour'd Earch. Here are Shipton on che shipton M
River Stour, and Kyneton on the Branch of Avon ; near „ p
to ic are the figns ofa Caftle on a Hill, and ac che Fooc
K. John's Cadle. On the North-Eaft dands Chadfhum, fo
nam'd from che Popifh Sainc Chadde, whofe Shrine was
much frequented by Pilgrims. Near co ic is Nether, Ea~
tendon, the Poffeffion of Sir Rob. Shirley, Bar. whofe Ance-
Y (tors

i6a

Southam M. Mon.

Rugby M.
Sat.

Warwick.

WARWICKSHIRE.
flors held it in the Days of 'William the Conqueror." t^f
ac fome diftance are Compton in che Hole, and, Warmjeigp-
ton, a Barony of the Noble Family of the Spencers ; Slug-
bury, where Star-ftones are commonly ploughed' up ; Sou
tham, a good Marker-Town ; Leamington, upon che River.
Leame, where a falc Spring breaks ouc of che Ground ;
Vehindon, now Long Ichmgdon, and Harbury, noced , places ;
likewife Chefterton near che Foffe, thac runs through, this
Cuncy ; as, alfo Tkenild-flreet and Watling-flreet , all Roman.
Ways. Near the River Avon we meec wich Rugby, a
Markec Town of Bucchers; on the other fide of the
Stream is Newenham Regis, where 3 Springs are found of
a Medicinal Vertue. Next are Bronfands on the River
Swift, Stretton near the Foffe, Baggington, the ancient Seat
of the Bagotts ; Stonely , where was a Monaftery ; and
H.onks-SkirkJ>y, that fhews yet the figns of a Roman Stati
on, and other Marks of Antiquity.
The River Avon leads us nexc to Warwick , in Lat. Var-
vicum, or Vervicum, in Brit. Caer Guarvic, and Caer Leon,

in former Days a Garrifon of the Romans, that had a ve
ry ftrong Caftle on a Rock. It hath now two Parifhes, a
Scone-bridge over the River, a Free-School, an Hofpital
well endowed for decayed Gentlemen. 'Tis goverrdd'by
a Mayer, 12 Brethren, 24 Burgeffes, dye. and is very po
pulous. It hath long been an Earldom enjoyed by H. de.
Newburg, or de Bellamonte, An. 1076. by the Beauchamps,
by the Nevils, by the Plant agenets, by the Dudleys,mdno\v
by the Lord Rich of Leexe, who is E. of Warwic\. and
Holland. Near Warwick ftands Guy-Cliff, amongft the plea
fant Groves, where Guy of V/urwick[ ended Ms Days in a
retir'd Corner;, and a little Northerly, BlackiCm-tidl,
where Peter de Gavefton, the great Favourite of Edw. II.
was beheaded by che Barons. Lower are Charlcot, Strat
ford upon Avon, and Bitford a fmall Market-Town, where
is a noted Stone-bridge of 14 Arches.
On the North fide of Avon YvesWoodland, formerly call'd
Arden, which in Brit, imports a Wood Country, where the
River Arrow runs into the Avon below Britford, paffing by
Studley-, anciently a Caftle, and Coughton, a Seat of the
Throgmortons. Near to it are Oufeley, Beauchamps-Court,
remarkable Places, and the River Alney, or Alenus, runs in
to che Arrow, after it has watered a woccly County, and
Henley a Market-Town. At the Union of thefe 2 Streams
ftands Aulcefler, or Allenccfler, a Town Corporate, where,
Alcefter M. in a Cellar, was found doo Pieces of Roman Gold and
Tuefd. S;!ver, which fell to the Lord Brooke, the Lord of che
Mannor. On che Ndrth-Eaft are Wnxhall; where dood a
Priory ; Baddefley and BalfliaU, that belong'd to the Tem
plars,

Guy Cliff.

Stratford M.Th.

Henley M,
Mond

WARWICKSHIRE 163
plars, and afterwards to the Order of Sc. John's ofjerufa-
lem. Ac fome diftance, in the middle of a Chace, is a
Lake, made by the meeting of divers Screams, winch run
after inco a narrow Channel, where we, meec wich Ken-
nelworth, or Kehnelworda , or Kiltingwortb , a Town, co Edict, de
which belong'd a ftrong Caftle, builc by Ge-ffry de Chinton, Kennel-
Lord Chamberlain co Hen. I. widi a Monaftery, conveyed worth, by
to Simon de Montefort by K. Hen. III. granced by , Q. Eliza- which the
beth co Kob. E. of Leicefler, and now enjoy'd by che Righc Rebels a-
Hohourable Lawrence Vifc. Hide, E. of Rochefter. It (lands Sainfl the
in the middle ofa Chafe and Park. The Caftle was ruin'd K'"i we
by the lace Civil Wars. fin' d the <,th
On Tkenild-ftreet, the ancienc Roman way, near che fart of their
Springs of TiW»e-River , ftands Brumngbam, or < Berming- Eft"?™-
ham, or Bromicham, a populous Town of Smichs ; and a Bromi-
» licde higher, in a barren Soil, cowards Stratfordfl/ire, Sut- cnam M.T.
ton, Colefield, a fmall Town amongft Woods, where John 'twas lately
VoiCy B. of Exon was born, noc far from Blith ', che lace rmted for
Seac of Sir William Dugdale ; and Colt fhiO, or Colefliull, near «'»»« <f
MaxtockzCafile, lacely che Seac of the Chintons, an eminent falfeGroats.
Family in this County.
Coventry appears next in our way, fituate in the middle Coventry
. of Woods, call'd Coventry, in Lat. Conventria, from ics old M. Fr.
Convent ; or Cuentford, from the Stream that waters it.
Tis a fair City, of good Trade of Cloth-making, having
3 Parifh-Churches ; St. Michaels arid Trinity are well builc,
and a beautiful Crofs, and 1 3 Gaces. Edw. IV. cook from
ic cheir Franchifes, which chey purchafed again for 500
Marks-, and King Charles II. difmancled ic for holding on
che Parliamenc fide againft his Facher. 'Tis now govern'd
by a $tayor, two Sheriffs, fyc. Memorable is here the "
Story of E. Leoffrick , who made his Countefs Godiva ride
naked through all the ftreets of the City, to purchafe che
Citizens Freedom, as you have ic engraven in Trinity
Church Windows.

I Lurick for che Love of thee,
• Do fee Coventry Toll-free. •

A yearly Proceffion of a naked Figure continues the
memory, of that Story. 'Tis now ah Honour belonging to
che Righc Honourable Tho. Earl of Coventry ; a Town Cor-
porace,'and Councy of ic felf didirict from che County
of Warwick^ Ic dands in 52 Degrees 25 Minuces North
Latitude, 25 Degrees and 52 Minutes Longitude.
Near co ic was Aufley, a Caftle lacely of che Haflings ;
Brand, a Seac of ttieVerdons;.Calonghdon, or Caledon, of
the Segraves, fince ofthe Berkleys; Brinkfe^ or Brinklow,
Y 2 where

164

Nun Eaton
M. Sat.

Athetdon, M.Tu.

Other Mar
ket Towns.

Honour.

Rarities.

Pallaces.

WARWICKSHIRE.
where dood an ancient Cadle, of the Mowbray s ; Comb'
Monaftery, out- of whofe Ruines che Houfe of the Har-*
ringtons was, built ; Cefter-over, near Watling-flreet, art old
Roman and milicaty way. Nun-Edton, from its Monadery
of Nuns ; and Afieley-Caftle, a noted Seat.
On the other fide of the Anker we find Manceter, the
old Mandueffedum, in Brit. Caer Mancegued. 'Twas a Town
of Repute, but now a fmall Village, having near ic Old-
bury, the figns of a Fort. Near to it are Athelfton, Mejri-
val, where dood a Monadery ; Pellefworth, where is a
Free School, endowed by Sir Fran. Netherfole ; Seckjnton,
memorable for a Battel between Mthelbald and Beornredj
two Saxon Princes. Here are yet the figns of a Fore,
and of an artificial Hill of 43, Foot high.
The other Towns of this County, are Shipton, on the
Stower, its Market is Saturday ; Kyneton on the Avon, Mark.
Tuefday ; Southam, incompaffed with Corn-Fields, its Mar-
"ket is Mundavs ; Rugby on the Avon, Mark, of Butchers and
Corn, Saturdays -, near to it is Dunfmere-Heatb ; famw'orth,
on the Borders of Staffordfliire, Markec Saturday ; Solihull,
a fmall Town in a Boccom.
The Earldcm oi Warwick is confiderable for che Nobi-
licy and Valour of its Earls : To emit Guy Earl of War
wick., and the fabulous Stories, Henry de Bellamonte was
the fird Norman Earl, as we have already mentioned.
Rich. Nevil Earl of Warwick , was the mod potent Puller-
down and Setter-up of Kings, at lad kill'd at a Battel.
'Twas granted afterwards by Edw. VI. to John Dudley.de-
frended, from the Beauchamps ; he being beheaded by Q.
Mary, Elizabeth her Succeffor redor'd the Honour to Am-
brofe his Brother, who, dying withcur Iffue, it was given
by K. James I. to Rob. Lord Rich of Leeze ; his great
Grand/on Edw. now enjoys ic.
At Newenham is a Spring of Water, which drunk wich ,
Sale, gives a Loofenefs ; buc with Sugar, bindeth ; and is
reported to be good to cure Ulcers, Impofthumes, and the
Gout. At Lem'mgton, two Springs break out within a
Yard of one another, of different Tafie, the one frefh,
the other brackifh. At Shudbury are found the precious
Stones call'd Aflroites. _,
Pallaces are, Milcot-Houfe, E. of Dorfet's ; Comptdn, E.
of Northampton's; Newenham, Padox, E. of Denbigh's;
Wormleighton, E. of Sunderland's ; Hewel-Grange, E. of Pli
mouth'*, ; Eptington, LordF«re«'s; WarwickzCaflle, Knowle
and Beauchamp Court, L. -Brookes, Combel, Lord Craven's, Sic.
The Lord Lieutenant of this County is the Right of Ho
nourable Geo. of E. Northampton.
It pays in the 2 s. Aid 19933 '• 5 s- 4 ^«
WEST-

WESTMORLAND. 165
WESTMORLAND, in Lat. Weflmaria, or Weft- Name and
, morlahdia, a courfe Northern County, derives Situation^
ics Name fr<}m che many barren Moors, and is bounded
on che"Norch-Wed by Cumberland, on che South by Lan-
cafhire, on che Ead by Torkfrire and Durham.
Though chis County be buc barren on che cop of che Commodi-
Hills, here be Sheep, ofiyc. 'ris fruicfol of Corn in the ties andPro-
Valleys, and of Grafs in che Meadows near che Rivers. duels.
The old Inhabicancs were che fame as in Torkfhire, the
Brigahtes. During che Heptarchy twas pare of che King- Old Inhobi-
dom of Northumberland, and is now under che Bifhops oitants.
Cariifle and Chefler.
The chief Rivers wich which this Councy is bieffed, are Rjvers.
Eden', che Ken, or Can, che Lone, che Eamon, che Lowther,
he Tees, che Himna, the Winfter, the Lavennet-Beck , and
he Blenkern-Beck, with fome leffer Streams that rife in,
md fall from the high Moors and Fells. Here ar two or
three noted Lakes, Vllefwater near Cumberland, Broadwa
ter, Hornfwater, and Winander-Meer.
The Air is very (harp and cold and not fubject to Fogs, Air mds^
but healthy, and agreeable with (trong Comhtutions ; in
somuch, that ic hardens them againft Difeafes and Death,
and makes the Inhabitants long liv'd. The Soil is for the
moft part hilly, extraordinary high, two Ridges eroding
he Councy as far as che Sea cowards Kendal. The noced
Hills- are Wilbore-Fell, Howghill, Fournefs-Fells, Kentmeer,
Troutbeckj Grefmeer, Knothill, &c.
The Extenc in Lengch, from Burton in the Souch , co Extent, A-
che Springs of Tees and Tyne. on che Hills in che Norch, ores, and
are reckon'd 35 Miles; in breadeh, from Stainmoor Spittle number of
co che Shire-dones on Wry-Nofe-hill, abouc 24 Miles, where Inhatntajrts^
che County is breaded. Icconcains 510000 Acres, about
6500 Houfes, the Divifion of five Wards, 26 Parifhes,
8 Market-Towns, near 39000 Souls, and about 1 2 thou-
land Men able for War.
Only Appleby \s a Eurgefs-Town that has the privilege of Burgefs-
Parliament ; befides, the two Knights of the Shire areE- Towns.
lected be the County.
The Souch, near the Sea, is a Valley (hue in by high Defmptiou
Hills becween Lone and Winander-Meer, call'd che Barony of
Kendal, with a populous and trading Town upon the
Can River,, enrich'd by the Woollen Manufacture, call'd
Kendal, , in Lat. Camangium; ic reprefents a Crofs having Kf, .M «
two Stone- Bridges with a fair Church that has 12 Chapels a '
of Eafe, a Free-School that fends fome Scholars to Queens
in Oxford. Tis now an Honcur belonging to the mod II-
liiftrious Prince George of Denmark, creaced by K. Will.
Baron oi Ockingham, Earl of Kendal, and Duke of Cum-
u ' ' - ber'land.

16S WE^TMORLAN D.
berhtnd. It hach been formerly a Dukedom. 'Tis go"
vern'd by a Mayor, 1 2 Aldermen, 20 Common-Council-
Men, a Kecofder, &c and drives a Trade of CoctoMs,
Druggets, Serges, Hats, Worfted-Scockings, dye. In this
Valley are two Water-Falls of the River Can at Levens,
• and Bethem, thac make a great Noife, and foretel the ap
proaching Weather; when the North-fall founds clear,gd6d
Weather, and Rain when the Sourh. On che higher end
A -nbleftde °^ Winander-Meer, is Amblefde, the remainder of an . an-
M Wenf. c'enc C"7 ^lit yec aPPears ty the Ruines and old Walls
round about, probably the Amboglana ofthe Romans;
thac it was a Station of their Forces, may appear by the
Coins, pieces of Altars, Infcriptions, ifyc. found and dig'd
Milthorp °fcen om °^ *e Earth. On the South is Melthorp, the
Burton M. only Sea-Town of the County. Ac the Fooc of Knothill
Tuef. ' Burton, a fmall Town appeals. This Valley of Kendal is
under the Bifhop of Cbeher. On che Ead is Lonfdale, i.e.
a Valley on the Lone, having a Town and Market, call'd
Cirkby Lonfdale.
Kirkby On the North' is Ridal-Hall, the Seac of che Fkmtnings,
Lonfdale and a high Mouncain, call'd Ridal-Head ; nexc is the Baro-
M. Thurf. ny of Weflmorland, under the Bifhop of Cariifle ; here the
'Tis an Ho- Eden rifing in Torkfliire, being increas'd by other Streams,
nour con- winds about theMountains cothe Ruins oiPendragon-Caftle,
ferr'd on to Wharton-Hall, Kirkby Stephen, Mufgrave, noced places.
Sir J. Low- Eden-Hall, and Heartley-Cafile, belonging to che ancienc
cher of Family of che Mufgraves. About cwo Miles from Eden was
Whiceha- the old , Roman Scation, call'd Verier &, 'tis now Burgh un-
ven. der Stanemoor, or Brough, divided inco higher and lower
Kirby See- Brough, where is a Cadle Re-built by che lace bounciful
phen M. Fr. Lady, AkneL%rfet, &fc. The Vicarige belongs to Queens m
Brough M. Oxford. Near the Bridge is a Spaw-Well, difcover'd lately.
Wenf. At Cafllchow and Greenholm, are two artificial Mounts rai
led for the Defence of the Country. In our Road is
Appleby M. Appleby, the old Aballaba, a Roman Station -, it was ahci-
¦Sat.- ently famous and populous, but ruin'd by che Scots. Ic
enjoyed che fame Privileges as 7br^.has acprefenc, a May
or, 12 Aldermen,, fyc. a Caftle on che Hill repaired by
the. foremencioned Lady, who erected here art Alms-
Houfe, an Hofpical, a School-Houfe, a Town-Hall, and re-
pair'd che Church, and lies here Iricerr'd. Such was her
Munificence, thac (he fuffer'd none co vifit her without be
llowing, upon them Prefents according to their Qualities."
On Stainmoor is Stone-Crofs, which was erected by Will, the
Conquerour and Malcolm, to be a Boundary then of die
two Kingdoms, wich che Arms of England on che South
fide, and chofe of Scotland on che North. The Eden vi
fits Buley-Caftle, of old belonging to the Bifhops oi Cariifle, but

W E S T M O R L A N D. \6j
but; now to the Jftufjgraves ; . Crakfnthor$-Hall,a Seat of che
Machels, fince the Conqueft ; Khkfiy Thore, where an In- '
fcripcion was lately found of the.GodBetoacaafrw^andj,
fome pieces of Silver bearing an. Image of , their God!
Thor, wich his Name, which the Saxon Heachens us'd-
to carry abouc them as a prefervacive from Evil. Here
is an old Roman Way, now nam'd Maiden-Way, pairing
near the Scone of King Marius, or Arwragus, now call'd
Rerecrofs. From , thence ic leads co Muidea-Caftle, an. old
fquare Fore co Market-Brough, over Brough-Fair-Hill by
Warcop to SandfordrMoor co Cowpland-BeclcBridge, where are
yec che Ruins of a round Tower, to Ormfide-Hall,the Seat
of the Hilton's ; chen by Appleby co the Camps on Craken-
thorp-Moor, to the fide of Kirkby Thou, to Sawerby, a. Vil
lage of che Dalflms of Akernbanl^, co Hartshorn-Tree, fo
nam'd from -a, Stag that was cours'd by a Greyhound xo Red
Kirk in Scotland, above 40 Miles, and hack, again co chis .
place, where- both, leaping over the, Pales, being fpenn
died, the Scag on. the ccher fide, che. Greyhound on chis.
I have feen the place. Frcm.chis Tree che waydhectsto
a.,Piliar call'dj, Tfie; Councefs's Pillar, to Brougham Caflle,
to, Lowther-Bjridgfinto.Cumberland, over che, River Eimot,
that- runs ouc .oi^flesvcater. . Near to ic is Lowthet-Halli,
an ancienc Seat of the- Lowthers, re-built, and beautified
by ^ir John Lawthef, who reckon'd above 30 of the. Name
lineally fucceeding-to that Eftate. Near to it is the Parjlh
of Shape, where was the only Monaftery of this County.
The other Market-Towns zxe-Burton, Marjret Tuefday, Other Mar.-
Or-ton, Wednefday, &c. \et-Towns.
Malcolm Ring, of Scots, An,, 1071. invaded. England ;
and gave order;, co kill all Ages, and -tech Sexes, but he battles.
was forc'd co do Homage co the Cpnquerour, che year,
following, being overcpme in Battle, Other Fights have
been in this CoiuBty.
The chief Pallaces are AmfhtadfTowet ; and , Betham-, paUaces.
Caftle, the. E. of Derby's ; Appleby. Rmgh Brougham, and
Pevdragon- Caftle, Earl of Thamt'f> ; Wharton-Hall, Lord
Wharton's. Near Levens are the Ruins of Kirkshead, faid to have
been a Tempte , of DUma, wherein a- Park adjoyning is a
Spring, call'd Dioppmg-Well, thac petrifies Mofs, Woody . .
Leaves, fyc. Above Rmndphwaite,; on ,the Norchfide ot Rarities.
Jeffery's-Hijl , is anocher Springy call'd Gsmdflfie, which
fends up fmall filver pieces like Spangles. Noc far. from
the Lowther is a Well, or Founcain, chat often Ebbs and
Flows like the Euripus. In the fame place for a Mile, are
feveral Stones of about 9 Foot high, and 14 thick, like
Pyramids, erected at an equal diftance. Near the Eden

are

16B WESTMORLAND.
are feveral' CaveS in a Rock: And I have feen fo the
next Councy in Cumberland che Teeth of Sheep next to
|he Jaw coloured as yellow as Gold, proceeding from the
Mines, fuppofed to be in che Bowels of the Hills, where
they feed ; and from the Vapors diac give thac Tincture
to the Grafs there growing.
The Lord Lieutenanc of chis Councy is che Righc Honou? •
rable Charles E. of Cariifle.
Icpays in the 2 si Aid 1522/. n s. 10 d.
Additions to CumberkricL

Cariifle M.
Sac.

Brampcon M. Tuefd.
Rarities.

Other M.
Towns.

tallies.

TH E Cicy of Cariifle was fortified with a Caftle, builc
upon the Confluence of chree Rivers, Vetteril, Caudi,
and Eden. Ic hach a fine Cathedral, a Mayor, 12 Alder
men, 2 Bayliffs, &c. its Trade is Fuftians. This County
being divided into five Wards, Cumberland 'Ward, Alder-
dale above Derwent, and Alder dale below ; Leeth Ward, and
Efkdale Ward. Beyond che Eden Rowcliffe is to be feen,
a Caftle of the Dacres ; Stanwicks, where che Wall ap
pears ; Netherby, a Seac of the Graham's. Ac che joyn-
ing of the Lid and E/£.is Liddel, a Caftle ; near co it is
Solborn-Mafs, noced for a great Battel, where the Scots loft
mod of their Nobility, being difcontented wich cheir Ge
neral Oliver Sincler. At Bean-Caflle and Severn Pieces of
Anciquicy are co be feen.
In Gillefland, a Councry well wacered' wich Screams, we
meec wich Scalby Caflle, Asketton, Caftle Steed, Brampton,
the oldBremeturacum,aRoman dacion of che Tungri, where
divers old Monuments wich Infcriprions have been digg'd
ouc of che Earch. Upon the Irthing is Naworth Caflle, the
Seat of che E. of Cariifle. Near to Lanercofl is a Medici
nal Spring proceeding ouc of a Rock , having fomething
of Sulphur, Nicre, and Vicriol.
The ocher Market Towns of Cumberland, not mentioned
in the former Topography, are, Alflonmoor, Market Sat.
Wtgton, Market Tuefd. Booth, M. Wenf. Longtown, Markec
Thurfday. Pallaces in Cumberland are, Grayflock,md Drumbugh Ca
ftles, che D. of Norfolk's ; Cockermouth Cadle, the D. of
Somerfet's; Naworth Caftle, the E. of Cariifle "s; Kirk*
Ofwald, and Dacres Caftle, E. of Suffix's ; Rofe Caftle, the
Bifhop's.

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2X>

WILTSHIRE. jfy
TH E County of Wilts, Wihonia, or Wili'onienfis Comi- Name and
tatus, in Sax. Wil-fetla, is an inland County, large Situation.
and fpacious, joyning on the North with Gloceflcr'fljire,
on the South with Dorfet and Hampflire, on the Eaft with
Ba*kfliire', and on the Weft with Glocefler and Someifet*
(hires. This County is healthy , pleafant , and fruitful ; its Ciommodi-
Downs feed vaft Flocks of Sheep, its Meadows yield 'des andPrfr.
plenty of Grafs, its Fields are full of Cora of all forts, tuilst
its Towns are enrich'd by the Cloathing Trade, and other
Woollen Manufactures.
The firft Inhabitants were known fo the Rom.ms by the ^ fnf]ag±
Mame of Belgs, who were (ubdued by the Wedern Sax- tants
ms, this Councy being a pare of their Empire, and is now
under the Bifhop of Salisbuiy.
The principal Rivers of this County are, the Wily, the fovers
Adder, the two Avons, the Terns, the Kennet, the Deuril,
that runs a Mile -under Ground, the Nadder, and the Were,
befides other leffer Streams.
The Air is generally very good, (harp upon the Hills Air and Soil
ind Downs in the Winter, but milder in the Vales and Boo-
:oms. The North part is Hilly and Woody, the South
jart more level, the middle is plain, full of" Downs, in-
ermixt with Bottoms, wherein are rich Meadows, and
Sorn Fields in abundance.
It reaches in Lengch from Ingleflmm in the Norch co Extent^
iurgat Damnum in the South, about 40 Miles ; in Breadth, Acres.
rom Buttermeer in the Ead, to the Shire-dones in the Number of
»Ved, about 30 Miles. It contains above 875000 Acres, Inhabitant^t
lear 28000 Houfes, 29 Hundreds, 304 Parifhes, 21 Mar-
tet Towns, 1 68000 fettled Inhabitants, about 56000 able
, *Ten fit for War.
.' The Burgeis-Towns are New fi.rum, cr Salisbury, Wilton, g^-^A..
~)wnton , fifmdon, Wejlburg, He'itsbury, Calne ; the Devices, foy^n{ .
Ihippenham , Malmesbury, Cricklnde, Great Bedw'm, Lwger-
hall, Old Scrum, Wotton, Baffiet, and Marlborough, that fend
wo Members from every Town, befides the two Knights
>f the Shite, in all make up the number of 34.
Here is a wonderful Trench cad up, vifible many Miles
"rom Ead to Wed, (aid, by the common People, to be
:ad up by the Devil upon a Wednefday, therefore nam'd
Vandefdike : But 'tis more probable, thac it was the Boun- Wandef-;
lary of the Wed-Saxon Monarchy , between them and dike.
he Mercians ; for this County was always in their time the
>'eat of War. Here Ceaulin was routed by the Britains,
ffifted by othe Saxon Troops, An. 590. Here Ina King
if the Weft, encouncer'd with Ceolred the Mercian.
To begin wich the North : The Thames receives a little Defcription.
Z River

170-

Crickdale,M.Sat.

Wotton-
Baffet,M.T. Highworth M. Wenf

Malrnsbury
M. Sat.

Calne M.
Tuefd.

Chipnam, M. Sat.

Devifes,
M."Th.

WILTSHIRE.
River call'd the Churn, near Pulton in Gloceflerflnre, where
was a Priory, and together run to Crickdale, or Creckan-
ford, or Cricgelada, in Sax. Creccagelade, where is a Free-
School, a Town anciently of Note. Near co ic is Lediard,
Tregoze, the Seac of the Religious Family of the St.Jshns,
defcended from Margaret de BeUo Camp o,afcerwards Ducch-
efs of Somerfet. Nexc are Wotton-Baffet,-vivh a Park ;
Highworth, on an Eminency near the rich Vale of the
White-Horfe ; the Remains of Breden-Forefl, where the low
er Avon crofting the Foffeway, enters this County near Kern-
ble, running to Crudwelt, Longnewton, Brokenbridge, to Ea-
fton-Grey , and Sherflon , where K. Edmund routed and
flaughter'd' a Danifh Army, as the many Burrows herea
bouts, and at Pen, Burywood, between Cotern and North
Wraxhatt, yet witnefs.' This Avon runs at the Fooc of
Malmsbury-Hill, a neat and and ancient Town of good Re
pute, having a Mayor, Aldermen, and formerly a famous
Monaftery, built by Aldhelm the firft Abbot , cannonized
by the Pope ; a Man of Reputation in his time for his
Sanctity and Learning. K. Athelflan and Roger Bifhop of
S'arum enrich'd this Monadery, -to which William firnamed
oi Malrnsbury, the Hidorian, belong'd. The Abbots were
Peers ofthe Realm ; and here is an Alms-houfe built by
R. Jemier, Efq; The River leads us from hence to Dan-
tefey, a Barony lately of the Danwers, now of the E. of
Monmouth. At feme didance is Calne, a little Town, fa
med for a Convocation of the Clergy, Anno $jj. about che
Celibacy of the Prieds, where the Chamber where they
were affembled fell, bruited Men, killed fome, but gave
Repute to the Monks Caufe, becaufe Dunftan their Patron
and Prefident efcap'd unhurt under the Beams and Rub-
bifti ; which Accident was interpreted to be a Miracle.-
The fame River directs us next to Cummerford, where-was
a Battel between K. Mthelmund and Warftan E.of Wiltfliire,
to Chipperham, or Chipnam, a Town govern'd by a Bayliff.
and 1 2 Burgeffes. Over againft it are Cofliam, once a King's
Pallace, now a Village and Cadle ; Comb, formerly famous.
Down the River we fee Leclfiam, and Lacock_, where ftood
a Monadery ; and, at a little didance, Brumham, and the
Devifes, call'd Vifa vyfs, and Divifa, where a drong Caftle
was builc by the rich Roger Bifhop of Sanm, rais'd to be
the fecond Man of the Kingdom from a poor Mafs-Prieft,
but at. lad died milerable in Prifon. 'Tis now a Mayor-
Town, that drives a great Trade of Mault, Cloathing, tfyc.
Between this place and Chipnam are, Pewfliam and Blackfl-
more Foreds. Upon the Downs happened a Fight, call'd
Runaway, An. 1643. between Sir Ralph Hopton for- King
Chariest, and Sir Edw. Waller fer the Parliament; where
C ¦ . ¦ the'

WILTSH f R E. i7,
the King's Party was routed. In che Neighbourhood are
Heddington, once a Roman Town ; Broke, a Barony of che
P owlets, Marq. of Winchefter ; Steeple, Eaft , or Market-
Lavington, from ics Nocable Corn Markec ; Little Pannel, Lavingcon
once a Town, now a Village ; Weflbury, a fmall Mayor- M. Wenfd.
Town upon the Riveii Were ; Edington and Ley, where K. Wedbury,
Alfred, near Bratton-Caflle fee upon and routed che Danes, M. Fr.
marching along chis Valley, which then was pare of Sel-
wwti-Fored. Upon che fame Wacer dands Trubridge, or Trubridse
Trolbridge, and Bradford on che Avon, cwo Towns noced m. gac ° '
for che Cloachfog Trade.^ Ac Bradford was a bloody Bac- Bradford"
Cel becween Kenilwalch and Cuthred his Kinfman, An. 652. jyj_ Mond'
and a Synod was here held, where Dunftan was made E. of
Worcefler. Upon che Borders of Somerfltfhire we fee Far
ley Caftle, Warminfler a Market-Town, Clay-hill like a Sugar- Warmin-*
loaf, zvid.LbngLe.it, a Noble Seat of the Right Honoura- fterM Sat,
ble Learned Patron and Mec&nos of Learned and Religious
Men, Thomas Thynne Lord Vifcount Weymouth. More Sou
therly are Maiden-Bradley, Mete, a Market-Town, Gil- Bradley.
lingham-Forefl, Hindon a fmall Market-Town, and Stourton, Mere, M.
from the River Stour chac rifes here ouc of 6 Springs. Ic Frid.
gives Name co the Lord Stourtons. All round the County
are the Downs, call'd Salisbury Plain, famous for Robbe
ries. Two Rilers, Willeybourn and the Nadder, vulgarly
nam'd Adderbourn, run through the Bottoms by Heitesbury,
or Hegedsbury, where is an Hofpital built by Walt. Lord
Hungerford, to Wilton, formerly Ellandunum, a fmall Town, .
formerly the chief of che Councy, where ftood a famous Wl'con»r
Abby, now a Noble Palace of che E. of Pembroke's. In M- Wen*'
fighc is the City of Salisbury, of old Sorbiodunum,by the Sax. g t-u
Seatisbyrig, in Lat. Sarum and Saritburia, and Sarifburialia. M v- J^g
It ftood upon a Hill, but the want of Water removed ic ' ' **•
to the bottom among the Streams, as thefe Verfes tell us .'
Water's chere fearce, buc Chalk in Plenty lies,
And thofe fweec Noces thac Philomel denies,
The hardier Mufick of the Wind fupplies.
Herman B, of Stirburn and Sunning removed hither the
Epifeopal See in the Conqueror's Reigns ; his Succeffor
Ofmond built a Church, but Richard Poor, when the Inha
bicants removed down to the Valley, laid the Foundation
of che prefenc Noble Cathedral in a Meadow call'd Meti-
fieild, a beautiful Fabrick, dedicated to the Virgin Mary, ha
ving as many' Doors as Months, as many Windows z%
Weeks, and as many Pillars as Days in the Year. Its high
Steeple, Cloyfter, Bifhop's Palace, with the Town-Hall,
and fpacious Market, deferye to be mendon'd. This City
% ?- of

\fi WLLTSH I R E.
of Neva Sarum is govern'd by a Mayor, Aldermen, Recor
der, <&c. Through moft Streets the Water runs. And
to the Cathedral belongs a Bifhop, now che Reverend,
Learned and Elcquent Dr. Gilbert Burnet, a Dean, Chan
cellor, Treafurer, and about 41 finale Prebends. If has
been an Earldom fince the Conqueft, enjoy'd by Walter
d'Eurenx, and by Will. Longefpee, by the Mountacute's, Ne-
pils, and by the Right Honourable James Cecil of Effendon,
and Vifc. Cranburn. Near Salisbury are Wefl-Deane, a Seat
Duncton or °^ -tne R'SnE HonourahJe Evelyn E. of Kingfton ; Duniton
Downton uPon riie tfriver, an ancient Town, celebrated by the Bardi
M Fr ' ^or be'n§ tn'e ancient Seat of the Beavois of Southampton,
famous Champions ; and Clarendon Park, a noted Place.
'Arriesburv About 6 Miles to the North is Amersbury, a (mail Town on
ftLFr t'le dvon, where was a famous Nunnery. About a Mile
from it is Stonehenge, a drange Structure of a vad bignefs,
about 28 Foot high, and 7 in breadth, plac'd in 3 Circles
one within another, reckon'd as one of the Wonders of
our Landv and (aid to be put here by Vter Pendragon, af-
fifted by the Brittifh Merlin, in remembrance of the Bri
ton/ (lain by the Saxons Treachery, and here interr'd , for-
Bones have been digg'd out of the Earth. But all the O-
pinions of this place are but Conjectures, and net ground
ed upon any Certainty. Upon the Downs appear many
jCamps and Burrows -, and near the River Everly Warren,
where many Hares breed. At fome didance are Lutger-
fliall, anciently a Royal Pallace ; Wolf-hall, a Seac of che
Noble Family of the Seymours, Hereditary Keepers of Sa-
pernackfForeft -, -Silbury-Hill, yery remarkable to Paffen-
gers ; and a Mile off Aubery, where is to be feen an old
Fortification. In the Neighbourhood are Efcourt, thatgives
. Name to a noted Family. We meet with nexc Marlborow,
Warlborow or Marleberge, upon the Banks of the Ke«ner, where, on a
M.Sac. Hill, dood a Cadle, now a Houfe of che D. of Somerfet's.
'Tis govern'd by a Mayor, ejyc.
~ , Here are cwo ether fmall Towns, Auburne, Market Tu-
Otber mar- ^^ an& Swindon, Market Monday.
Ret-Towns. TJle Noblemen's Houfes are, Marlborough and All'mgton-
Houfes, D. of Somerset's ; Eddington, D. of Bolton's ; Wilton
and Falfton, E. of Pembroke's ; Charlton, E. of Barkfljire's;
Lotig-Leat , Vifc. Weymouth's; Wardour-Caflle, Lord Arun
del's of War dour ; Damerham, D. of Newcafllis ; Salisbury
-Wallace, che Bifhop's.
The Lord Lieutenant is the Right Honourable Thomas
E. of Pembroke and Montgomery.
. }t pays to the 2 s. Aid 25836 1. 3 s. 1 1 -i.
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WORCESTERSHIRE. tj§
WORCESTERSHIRE, in Lat. Vigomienfis Cor Name and
mitatm , in Sax. Wireceafterfcyre , is an inland Situation.
founcy, lying between Staffordfliire on the Norch, Gfyce-
\erfhire on the Souch, Warwick, and Oxfordfbires on che
iaft, and Hereford and Shropfliires on the Weft.
This County yields Grafs , Corn , Fruit , Fifh, Sheep, Commodi*
nd excellent Sale out of che Brine-pics,' with Cyder, Per- tjes anJ
y, Hops, <fyc. Produtfs.
The firft Inhabicancs were nam'd by che Romans Corna-
M, to whom fucceeded the Mercians under the Saxon 0, , -•, ,.
leptarchy ; and now, with part of Warwickjliire, acknow- t In"a<>l~
idges the Bifhop of Worcefter. mts-
The 'Chief Rivers are, the Severn, the Avon, the Sal-
•orp, che Team, the Stoure, &c. Rivers.
The Air is extraordinary good all oyer che Councy ; che
ail, for the moft part, is hilly ; full of Woods, coyered Air and Soil
ich Flocks of Sheep, and che Valleys abound in Corn
tid rich Meadows.
It appears in a Triangular Figure, from Souch co North p
ne Angle is about 32 Miles ; from South to North Weft xtmti j*~
2 ; and from thence to the Norch Eaft point 28. Seve- aes' an<if.
tl Neighbouring Counties having parcels of Ground inter- ^f? ™" °*
lix'd in this County. It contains abouc 540000 Acres, "ffiabitants,
wut 20630 Houfes, 7 Hundreds, 152 Parifhes, 12 Mar- "
:t Towns,' 123780 fetled Tnhabitancs, about 41200 Men
: for War.
The Burgefs Towns are , Warcefler, Droitwich, Evefham, Buypefs-
lac fend fijc-Members to Pariiamenc, and Bewdly one, j-.JJ '
ith the cwo Knighcs of the Shire, are Nine commiffioned
it of this County to appear in chis Parliament
In the North-fide we meet with Stourbridge , or Stur- Defcrjpton.
idge, a handfom Market-Town , having a . Free-School Scurbridge
idowed by Edw. VL and an Hofpical erected by Tho. iyj. pr<
ley, Efq; Kinfare, or Kinver, and Stourton Caflle. The
vern encers this County at die Foreft of MVyre near Chi- g ji M
7-Park , and waftiing one fide of Beawdley, pleafandy g ^ w'
uace on a rifing Ground, where Tickenhall was builc by K- ,", .
m. VII. ic paffes in fight of Kidderminfler, or Kiddelmin. n'° « Th
r, builc on the River 5"row; a Bayliff-Town, well built irerwL in-
d large, enjoying a Trade of Scuffs, and falls down -to
trtlebury Caftle, belonging to the Biftlop of Worcefter ^
Holt, fo nam'd from its ficuacion in che Woods, now in
e poffefllon of the Bromleys. Hereabouts che Severn
brds plenty of Lampreys, a delicious Fifh, moft in fea-
n in che Spring. Near Salwarp River chac joyns with Bromf-
e Severn are Grafton, a Noble Seat, wich a Park of the grave M. T.
of Shrewsbury's, .not far ixomBromfgraiie. From hence Droitwich,
e River runs to Droitwich, a Baykff-Town, noted for it's M. Fr.
Salt-

?7* WORCESTERSHIRE.
Saft-pieJ, which afford excellent white Salt, as white a&
fnow; its Neighbour Peckpiham Foreft, once very thick
wich Trees, and Nortonwood , have formerly fupplied it
wich Eewel for the boy ling die fait Water ; but now they
burn Coal.
Worcefter Worcefter appears nexc in our Road, an ancient and beau-
M W Fr. ^a} C'cv' landing on che Eaftern Banks of Severn, over
, k,'o ' ' which is a Scone-bridge with a Tower upon it, from whence
, the pleafant and rich Vale is difcoverable. By Ancients
'twas namsd Branonium, by the Brit. Caerwrangon, in Lat,
Vigornia. Canute the Dane ruin'd it, An. 1041. Ic hath
been 3 times dedroyed by Fire. Buc 'tis now well built, l
having a fine Cathedral, .9 Pariih Churches, and St. Micha
el's without che Liberties, a Bifhop, who is che Righc Re?
verend and Learned Dr. William Lloyd, a Dean and Pre
bends. 'Tis govern d by a Mayor, Sheriff, 6 Aldermen,
24 principal Citizens, fyc. Here ac Worcefter Fighc King
Charles II. was wonderfully preferved by flight, the City
plundered, and the Scots- Army routed, kill'd, caken Pn-
foners, and afterwards fold co the Englifh Plancac ions.
From hence the Severn falls down to Pawicfc , an ancient
Barony, and to Kernfey, a Mannor of the Bifhop's. At
fome didance is Comb d' Abbot, che principal Seac of che
Lord Coventry ; and on the Wed-fide of the Severn is Great
Malvern, where dood an Abbey now decayed, and Little
Malvern, of old a Priory, boch of che BenediSine Order.
Here appear che lofty Hills call'd Malv'erp Hills , chat di
vide this County from Herefordfhire ; and Bredon Hills op-
pofice, where dood a Monaftery. At the Foot is Wafhborn,
a noted place ; and at a little diftance che Avon joyns with
Evefhan therSgwrn/joniing from Eovefham or Evefham,^ neat Town,
M Mon ' ' having .2 Parifhes, a Stone-bridge, anciently a Caftle and a
' ' M°naftery. -ris govern'd by a Mayor, 7 Aldermen, 12 Bur-
geffes, fyc. and enjoys a good Trade, chiefly of Stockings,
Near to it are Charlefant a noted, place ; Fladbury, where •
Perfhore, flood a Monaftery ; Perfhore a (mall Town , and Strenfiurn
M. Tu.-, , ., 3 Seat of the Ruffels.
Tis fuppofed that the Oak where ¦ Auflin the Monk met
with the Britifh Bifhops to confer about the Keeping.of
¦Eafter, and other Matters relating to Religion, was in the
Borders of this County. Bede tells us they feparated much
diffatisfied of one another. On che Weft-fide of che
County the River Term nfing in Herefordfhire, receives the
Waters of Rea ac Newenbam-Bridge, and cogecher' run
, through rich Fields and Meadows, and a plentiful Country
Teabnry.rj of Cyder, Hops, dye. having given ics Name co Temebmy^
M< Tu. • .- pr Tenbury, a good,ipopulous, and well-built Town. Abouc
7. $!$

WORCESTERSHIRE; i7$
7 Miles didane is Woodbury-Hill, where appears an old Re-
crenchmenc, faid co be Owen Glendour's. From hence we
find a continued Ridge of Hills that run along to the Banks
of Severn, probably the Boundary of this Wiccian Province.
Ac the Fooc of che Hill is Great Whitley, or Witley, the
principal Seac of che Foleys. On che other fide oi the
Hill is Shelfey Beauchamp and Shelfhey Wafh, where Sir Rich.
Walfh, Sheriff in che time of the Gunpowder-Treafon in
habited. He purfued che Traytors inco Staffordfhire. A
licde lower is Hamme-Caflle, a fair Seac of the Jeffreys -,
Marthey and Coderidge, a Mannor of the Barcleys ; and on
the other fide of the River, Leigh, a Mannor of che Vifc.
Hereford's. The Severn having received the Waters of
Term, runs down to Vpton, a pretcy Town, having a good
Bridge over che River, more famous in che Roman's cime Upton, M.
dian 'tis now. Th.
The Baccels in this Councy were at Evefham , An. 1265.
Aug. 5. where King Heury III. prevail'd againd Simon Mont-
fird and che Barons., wich the Slaughter of thac ungrate- Battels.
ful Earl of Leicefler, and 17 Lords and Knights^ and a greac
number of Welfh-men. At Worcefter likewife Oliver Crom-
wel prevail'd, routed che Scotch Army, and fore'd King
Charles IL to fly beyond Sea, where he remain'd till his
Redoration. The Pallaces of Note in this County are, Grafton, the D. p ..
of Shrewsbury's ; Lehchwick., Lord Craven's ;, Combe Court, rmaces'
Alesborough, Severnfloke, and Feckjngham-Lodge, E.of Coven
try's; Worcefler-Pallace and Hartlebury-Cafile , the Bifhop
of Worcefterh.
The Honour of this County, fince the Conqued, has
been enjoyed by Robert Earl of Mettent. After him Tho.
Percye was made E. of Worcefter. Since Rich. Beauchamp, The Honor.
John Tiptofl, and Edw. Sommerfet have obtain'd it from
the Favour of cheir Princes. King Charles I. advane'd
Henry Sommerfet E. of Worcefter to the Dignity of a Mar
quis, whofe Poderity is now alfo Dt oi Beaufort.
The Religious Houfes were ac Bredon, Brodlege, Evefham,
Alnecefter , Cochell, Fladbury, Malvern, Perfhore, Stodiege, M „ ¦
Weftwoods, and Worcefter, all which had greac Edates. Monajlenes.
, The drong Cadles of this County for the Defence a-
gainft an invading Enemy, were; Hartlebury, Holt, Hame- Caftles.
ley, Norton, Elmeley, Worcefter, and Tichnell.
The Brine-pits may be look'd upon as a Rarity in this
Co nty, being at fuch a diftance from the Sea. Rarities.
The chief Plants growing here are, Colchicum vulgare,
Common Meadow Saffron. Plants.
Cynogloffum folio virenfi, The leffer green-leav'd Hounds- '
Sorbm

i76 WORCESTERSHIRE.
Sorbin Pyriformis, The Sorb-tree.
Tritkum Polohkum, Polonian Wheat.
Auricula leporis minima, The lead Hares-ear. s,
Climatii Daphnoidis major, jvue Peruinca major, The greac-
er Periwinkle. Lathirusfiliqua hirfuta, Rough-codded Chickeling in che
Fields. Lychnis Sylveftris3 Corn Champion.
Mentha folia rugofiore (for odore graviore , Spearmint wich
a more rugged Leaf and ftrong Scent.
Mentha Paluflris folio oblongo, Wacer-mint wich a groffer
Spike upon die Sewn.
Mentha Jylvejhis rotundiore /oZio,Horfe-minc or Wild-mine.
Pencedamm vulgare, Common Hogs Fernel.
Plantago Aquatica flellata, Star-headed Water Planclln.
Tithymalus platii phillos Fuchfli, Broad-leav'd Spurge.
Tilia folio minore, The (mail fmooch-Ieav'd Linden-Tree.
Trifoliumflellatum glabrum, Teafel-headed Trefoil by che
Water-fide. Trifolium Pumilum fitpinum flofculis longis albis, Dwarf Tre
foil wich long white Flowers.
Trifolium filiquis Ornithopodii noflras, Small Birds-fooc Tre
foil. Braffica Sylveftris foliis Integris fy hifpidif, Tower Muftard.
Filix mas non ramofa pinnulis dentatis , Greac branched
Male Fern wich indented Leaves.
Filix mas non ramofa pinnulis latii denfis minutim dentatis.
The moft coirimon Male Fern.
Filix mas non ramofa pinnulis anguflit r arts prof unde dentatis,
Male-Fern wich diin-fec deeply-indented Leaves.
Filix mas non ramofa pinnulis latii auriculatit fpinofls, Prick
ly male Fern with ariculace Leaves.
Hieracium Latefolium Pannonicum primum, Brflacl-leav'd
Hungarian Hawkweed.
Tormentillareptens alata, Creeping Tormentil.
Salix folio Amygdalino corticem fponte exuens, Almond-
leav'd Willow that calls ics Bark.
Sonchus Arborefcens alter, The greatefl Marlh-tree Sow-
thiftle. Viola mania hirfuta major inodora, Great rough Violet
withouc fcenc.
Ribes nigrum vulgo diSum folia olente, Black Currans, or
Squinancey-berries. Thefe Planes grow about the Severn in Worceflerfhire, as
well as to Effex, about the Thames, and elfewhere.
The Lord Lieutenant of this County is the Illuftrious D.
of Shrewsbury.
It pays in the 2 s. Aid 16848 1, a s. 3 d.
TORK:

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YORKSHIRE. 177
YORKSHIRE, in La{. Eboracenfis ComitaM cr Pro- Name and
vinc'ta, by the Sax. Eborinycire, is the largeft County Situation.
ot England, bordering Upon the Sea,' having Durham en
the North, feparated frcm it by the River Tees; on the
South Lincoln , Nottingham , and Darby fliires ; on the Eaft
theBelgick Ocean, and on che Weft Lanc.ffi.he and Wefi-
morland. Tis divided into three Ridings, Ead between Divifton.
Derwent River and the Sea, the North Riding containing
all the North part as far as Wefimorland ; the Wed, being
the larged, has the two former Ridings for its Bounds.
Befides here is a fourth Divifion, RichmondflAre, Cleveland,
Craven,- and Holdernefs, included in the three Ridings.-
This County, the' in the'North, is med fruitful of all Commodi-
chings neceffary for the Life of Man. Here are large Sheep ties andPro-
and Cattle,, plenty of Grafs and Corn, Rivers full of Fifh, duffs.
Orchards yielding Apples, Pears, &c. Veins of Iron, Lead,
and Coal in the middle of the Earth -, and divers Manu
factures, as Stockings, Allom, Jett, Lime, Knives, Pins,
and Cloth , &c.
The old Inhabitants were the Brigantes, already mend- q^ jnhati.
oned in Cumberland and ellewhere: in the Saxons. t\me itfM1fit
was part of die Kingdom of Northumberland, and acknow
ledges now the Jurildiction of the Archbifhop of Tork.
The principal Rivers are, the Teej-, that runs between Rivers.
this County and Durhrm ; the Swale, the Toure or. Vre, the
Nyd,the Oufe at Torkjthe Warfe,the Ar e,the C alder, the Der
went that joyns with the Oufe near Tork., the Dun, the Hull,
and the great River of Humber, befides many ether letter
Streams. The Air here is in divers places very temperate, but ge- AirandSoiL
nerally cold, chiefly en the tops of the Hills, and on the
Borders of Durham. The Soil is in fome places- extraor
dinary fruitful, but in others ftony, barren, and- gravelly ;
in others moorifh, miry and fenny ; in others woody, and
(haded with Trees ; in ethers Champagne, and Fields
eover'dwidiiCcrn. In a word, there is a great Variecy
both in th5 Nature, Quality, and Goodnefs ofthe Soil all
over the Comity.
'Tis of a large Extent, in length from Flamborow-head Extent.
in the Ead, to Horn-Caflle in the Wed, about 80 Miles ; Acres.
in breadth, from HarfhillJn the South, to the Mouth of Number of
the Tees, in the North,- near 70 Miles. There is reckon'd Inhabit antsi
3770000-Acres, about 106150 Houfes, 636900 Souls, a-
bouc ,162300 Men fit for War. . In the three Ridings are
26 Wapentakes or Hundreds, 563 Parifhes, 57 Market-
Towns. The Burgefs-Towns are Tork, Kingfton upon Hull, Kna- Burgefs.
risbough , Scarborough , PJppon, Richmond , Heydon, Borough- Townti
A a bridge

i78

YORKSHIRE.

Honour.

SheaffeildM.Tuef.

Rocheram M. Mun.

bridge, Malton, Thirsty, Aldborough , Beverly? North Alerton^
Ponfret. 'Tis a County full of Gencry, and papulous, giving Ti
tles co cwo Dukes and one Ducchefs, Richmond, Bolton, and
Cleaveland ; co che Marquis of Hallifax, co the Earls of
Mulgrave, Kingfton, Strafford, Craven, Burlington, Holder-
nefs, Darwentwater, Faulconberg, and Scarborough ; and to
others of the Nobility that we (hall take notice of in their
feveral places.
Defcription. We lhall begin che Defcription by the Wed-Riding,
following the Currant of the Rivers Dane, Calder, Are,
Wherfe, Nid and Oufe, that pay, their Tribuce to the Humber.
Danus, ocherwife Don or Dune, runs in a deep Channel by
Wortley, that belongs co Sidney Wort ley Efq; Near Wentwottk,
noced for che Honourable Perfons who have borrowed
from hence their Names; Sheafeild, the Staple Town for
Knives, or Blades, being full of Black Smiths ; for in the
Neighbourhood are many Mines of Iron. Ic belongs co
che Duke of Norfolk., and had a drong Cadle. The River
runs near Templeborough, an old Roman Fortification, in
fight of Wincobank. a high Hill, where a Bank appears about
five Miles long. Next are Rotheran and Connifborow, faid
to be the Burying-place of Hengift, taken and beheaded
by the Britains, who rouced and cue in pieces his Saxon
Army. ; In the Church-yard is to be feen an ancint Stone
of blew Marble, with che Figure of a Man encountring a
winged Serpent. Near co it appears a fine Seac of Join
Gill Efq; call'd Carhoufe ; and in fighc are Aflon^ the old
Manfion-Houfe of the Lord D'Arcys, E. of Holdernefs.; and
Spretburg, lacely che Edate of the Fttzwilliams , fince of the
Copleys. Here che Dan divides into two Streams to vifit
the old Town of Done after, by the Scots named Doncaftle,
by the- Sax; Donacefter, by the Brit. Caer Daun, by the Lat.
Danum. An, 759. 'twas deftroyed and burnt by Lighcning.
Ic gave the Title of Vifcount to James Hay, Baron of Saw-
ley, created by King James 1. E.of Cariifle; but. fince it has
afforded the Honour of an Earl to the, late £>L of Mon
mouth, who was alfo Baron of Tindale. Ihe ©iver paffes
next by Wheat ly, the Seat of Sir George CookJ, Bar. whofe '
Unkle Bryan Cook, Efq-, redeemed to che Church and pious '
Ufes che Rectory of Arksey, gave 40 /. per Annum co a pub-
liek Schoolmader, endowed an Hofpical, &c, Ac a lit
tle didance is Adwick , in the Street where a Religious
Virgin, whofe Name deferves co be writcen in Letters of
Gold for Poderity to view, Mrs. Am Savil, the Daughter
of John Savil oi Medley Efq; purchafed che Rectory there,
and redor'd ic co the Church. At fome didance is the
Honor of Tickhill, an ancient Town, that formerly had a
Cadle

Doncafter
M. Sac.

TickhillM. Sat.

Y 0 R K S H I RE.. J?9
Caftle, the Ruins yet are co be feen. Ic was of fuch ac-
counc, chac all che neighbouring Mannors owed Suce and
Service co chis Caftle. The Dun here often fwells over
ics Banks, and runs chrow Hatfei Id- Chafe , memorable for
a bloody Baccel becween CadwalTm K. of che Brittains, o-
therwife named Cadwalla, or Ceadwalla, and Penda K. of
Mercia, where Edwin the firft Chriftian King of Northum
berland was (lain, with his SonOffride, A. 633. Near the
Town are feveral Entrenchments ; and 'tis laid, that ne
ver any Rat was feen in it, nor Sparrows at Lindham in the
Moors below it. The Dan being here divided, one Stream
runs to meet with the Idel, that flows out of Nottingham- ,.
fhire; the other with the Are, to fall all together into the
Humber-, but at the Confluence of Dan and Are dands
a pleafant Seat of the ancient and honourable Family of
the Dawneys, Sir John having been advanc'd to the Digni
ty of Vifcount Vowne in Ireland, by King Charles It. The
Ifland form'd by the River is called Mar(l.--land, or Diche-
marfl;, Fenny Ground, where rank Grals grows for Cat-
eel, and is furrounded with little Villages. The Neigh
bours fancy that this Ifland floats upon the Water, and
that it riles and falls with the River. Thefe Levels on the
North of Thorn are now drain'd by Ditches cut from Thorn xhorn M.S
to Gcwle. In digging Firr-trees and Oak extraordinary black . ' ' *
have been found ; and ab:ut 30 Years ago they digg'd
out of a Turf-pit a Bo-iy of a Man, buried 4 Yards deep,
with his Head Northwards, his Hair and Nails not decay
ed, with fome Roman Coin of Domitian or Trajan. The
River Derwent rifing out cf a Pool hear Nofihill, where
was a Monadery of St. Ofwald, runs not far from Hemf-
worth, where Rob. Holgate, Archbifhop of 7or^, Founded
an Hofpital and a School, An. 1 544. The River Colder
runs out of Lancafldre to Grefland, fituate on a Hill, thac
affords Accefs to the Town but by one way. Here an Al
tar was found buried, dedicated to the Titular God of the
Brigantes, by T. Aurelius Aureiianus. They were the Genii,
unco whofe Care Men and Cities were committed. The
Britains had Andaces in Effex, Bpllatucadrus in Cumberland,
Viterims and Moguntus in Northumberland, &c. This River
paffes by the famous Town of Hallifax, bn the Decline of
a Hill. 'Twas anciently nanfd Horton, but took the Name Hallifax M ,
of Holy fax, i. e. Holy Hair, from the Hair of a Beautiful Thurfd,
and chade Virgin, who was here murdered by her impa-
tient and inraged Lover, and her Head hung upon a Ewe
Tree. 'Tis a noced Town for being che Birch-place of
the lace Archbifhop Tillotfon, as Bradford is for befog chat
of che Archbifhop of Tork, the Learned Dr. Sharp; and
for a Law practis'd formerly againd Thieves, who Upon
Aa 5 confeflior|

180 Y Q R K S H I R E.
confeffion of theFact, or plain Evidence of Stealing a-
bove Thirteen pence half-penny, were to be beheaded on
a Scaffold by the Sentence of che Bayliffs and Frichborgers.
Tis a large well-builc Town, fo populous, diat chey reckon
1 2000 Inhabicants,who live by theCloathing Trade,die Soil
being here but barren. About 6 Miles off is the Village
' Almondbury,where, on a deep Hill are vifible the Ruines of
the old Cambodunum, or Campo-flunum, a Cadle of Fame in
the Saxins time. Near to it are Huthersfield, Whitley the
Seat of the BeaumontSi Kirkley an old Nunnery , Robin
HoodsTomb, a famous Robber ; Deusborougb, where Pau
linas, An.626. the fird Archbifhop of Tork, prea.ch'd,the
Gofpd. The Calder paffes by Thornhill, -die old poffeffioh
Wakefeild °^ ^ Sav'^s-> t0 Wakefeild, a confiderable Town for Cloa-
M Th &Fr cn*n§' we^ builc with Stone,and a fair Bridge, where a Bat-
? ' * eel happened between the Houfes of Tork and Lancafier1,
Rich. D". of Jori^ being here (lain, An. 1460. hisSonK.Erf-
ward IV. erected in the place a Stone-Crofs, Near co ic
dands Hawley, a neac Seac of che Savils. The Calder
joyning with the Are, wafhes Medley, a noted place. The
River Are fprings out ofthe Mountain Pennigent, the high-
Ara/nBric. ed in Torkfliire, and in a winding Scream very flow runs
flgnifies flow, from Craven, a rocky Ground near Skjpton, in a Bcctom,
Skipton M. covered round with deep Rocks and Hills, where dands
Sat. a Cadle rebuilt by the forementioned Ann Dorfet Countefs
of Pembroke and Montgomery, born here An. 1590. Jan.7,o.
who raifed out of their ruines 6 ancient Caftles, 7 Chap-
pels and Churches, 2 dately Hofpitals, .and died March
2?. 1675. It gives the Title to William Craven Baron of
Hampftead, Marfhal, created by King Charles II. The Ri
ver runs near Highley, and pleafant Fields, to Kirkfiall,
-, . M where was a Monadery, to Leeds, in Sax. Loydes, where
Tu & s'r 'n a Field called Wmindfeild ,Ofwy of Northumberland routed
, ' a ' Penda King of Mercia. 'Tis now a Mayor-Town, but an
ciently a Royal Palace, and gives the Name of Duke of
Leeds to the Illudrious Tho. Osborn, a Perfon of great Ho
nour, Wifdom and Vertue. Here an Hofpital, a Free-
School, a Library, and a beautiful Church, dedicated to
St. John by John Harrifon Efq; and Godfrey Law Efq; &c.
From hence the River paffes by Temple Newfome, a Seat
of the Ingrams-, the Country round abouc aboundsin Lime-
done, wich which che Indudrious Husbandman emproves
his cold and hilly Grounds, and fupplies all che Towns far
and near wich Lime here burnc. Adjoining co che Calder
are Caftleford, che old Legeolium, where Coins, named by
the Councry Saraflns Heads, have been found here in Bean
Fielcjs ; Ledflon-Hall, a Seac lacely of Sir John Lewis Bar.
a Factor of the Eafl-India Company, who hath here e-
rected

YORKSHIRE. 181
retted and endowed a curious Hofpital for 10 Aged Per
fons. Near to ic are Brotherton, where Tho. Sirnamed de
Brotherton, the Son of q. Mary and Edw. I. was born. A
yellow Marie is here digg'd, chac enriches che Fields, and
renders chem very fruicful. Ac a little diftance ftands
Pontefrafl, or Pontfreit, a neat Town, fo call'd becaufe of VnntCr n
a Bridge thac broke here when WW. Archbifhop of Tw^m s
return'd from Rome under a Grow'd of P.eople chac wenc " ac"
co meec and welcome him home. The Ground here pro
duces Liquorifh and Skirworts. It had a drong Cadle,
-demoliih'd in our Civil Wars, and is govern'd by a Mayor,
fyc, Next is Shirborn, a populous Town, where is a- fa- Shitborn
mous Free-School and Hofpital, erected by Rob. Hungate,-^. Sat.
Efq; At Aberford, a Town of Pin- makers, the Cock. Ri
ver runs by an old Cadle, call'd Cafile-Cary -, and at the
Springs of the River Berwick, in Elmet, an old Royal Seac
ofthe Saxon Kings, oppofite to Hoffelwood, where theCa-
chedrals of Tork, and Lincoln are co be feen. Here i o Miles
round is a very rich and. fruitful Valley, where 165 Man-
fion Houfes are reckon'd of Lords, Knights, and Gentle
men, 275 Woods, 32 Parks, 2 Chaces of Deer, 120 Ri-
yelf and Brooks full of Salmon, foe. 76 Water-Mills, 25
Cole-Mines, 3 Forges for Iron. Under Haffelwood is a
Quarrey, call'd Peens-Pofl, ouc of which che Stones of the
Cathedral Church of St. Peter of Tork, were digg'd. The
Cock, paffes flowly from hence to meet the Wherf, where ac
Tswton, An. 1460. a cruel and bloody Engagement hap
pened between the Houfes of Tor^and Lancafler , Tork. ha
ving the Advantage, cut off and lod 3 5000 Englifh-men
of the Nobility and Commons here (lain. At Hudlefton is
a Quarrey of foft Stones, that hardens in the Airi Near
to it is Bolton, that gives the Title of Duke to the Right
Honourable the Marquis ofWinchefter. The Wherf or Wharf,
in Sax.Guerf, a fwift Stream, runs down near the Kilnejey
Cragge, a deep place, to Bumfliall, where is a School, a
Stone Bridge, and other Monuments of the Bounty of
Sir-William Craven, whofe Son William was rais'd to the
Dignity of Baron Craven of Hamfted, and Earl Craven' in
Torkfhire. The River river runs by Barden, Towre, Ilekely,
the old Olicana, Oteley a Seac of che Archbifhop of Tork , Oceley,
ficuace under Chevin Cliffe, a high ridge of Hills ; Harwood, M.Tuefd.
where was a neac and drong Cadle, now ruin'd by the
lace Wars; Gawthorp, the Seat of the Gafcoignes; Wether- wetherby
by, a fmall Town of good Trade ; Wighill, che Seac of che M- xh.
Stapleton's ; Tadcafler, fuppox'd co be che ancienc Calcaria, Xadcader
thac now f umifhes all che Country round with Lurie, de- Mm Xhur£
riving its Name from, the Latin Word Calx, /having a
J3ridge over a (hallow Riyer.
•"'; Nothing

182 YORIiSHlHli.
Nothing in Tadcafler deferves a Name,
Buc che fair Bridge chac's builc wichout a Stream.
Here divers Roman Coins are found, call'd by the Coun
cry, Lmgborrow-pennies, and the figns of a Roman Way not
far from Helaugh Mannor, appercaining co che ancienc Fa
mily of che Whartons, Sir Tho. Lord Warden of che Weft
Marches, purchafed much Honour co himfelf and Kindred
by che Defeac of James V. King of Scots, ac Solemn Mojs,
An. 1542.' and the routing of cheir Army. .
The River Nid rifes ouc of Craven-Hills, and runs thro'
R . M Nidherdak, a Valley well (haded wich Woods, co Ripley a
Kipiey,M. fma]j Townj and co Knarfborm, where dood a Cadle, buc
now 'tis, noted for it's Medicinal Springs, the fweet Spaw,
the dinking or fuiphur Well, Sc. Mongol's, and Dropping
Well, the mod famous of all the pecrefying Wells in
England. Near co ic Sir Edward Blackert and Sir Hen.Good-
rick ac Ribfton-Hall, have fine Seacs. The Fields herea-r
bouts afford plenty of Liquoridi, gnd a yellow fofc Marie
co improve the Soil. The Nid meets with the Oufe at A-
lerton, the Seat of the Mallivers. %
The Vre, or Tore, a (mall Stream rifing likewife in the
Rippon, M. Wedern Hills, vifits Rippon, built near the Skell, where
Th. was a dacely Monadery. Tis now a Mayor Town, ador
ned by a beautiful Church, and the Houfes of many Gen
tlemen, where St. Winifrid's Needle was famous in former
Days ; it being a narrow Hole thro' which chade Virgins
and Matrons could pafs freely, but fuch as had parted
with their Honedy were dope by an invifible Hand. Near
to it are the high Hills of Michelholme. Upon the River
„ Vre is Burrowbrtdge, fo nam'd from its (lately Stone-bridge,
wHdJ^M where> in a Field> fiand a §reat many dones, like Pyra-,
Sat ' mids' ca'ld ^ c^e Country tJle Devil's Bolts or Arrows,
which are Stones artificially cemented, made and erected
in Honor of the Heather! Deities. Near co ic is Alborrow,
the old Is-Vrium, where feveral Roman Coins, Vaulcs, Me
dals, Alcars, Urns, foe. have been found. The River runs
York, M. nexc t° the famous Cicy of Tork., in Lat. Eboracum, or
Th.&Sac« El>urdcum, or Brigantium, in Brit. Caer Ebrauc, or Caer Ef-
, froc, in Sax. Evor-fic, or Eobor-flc. Here che Vre takes the
Name of 0«fe, and paffes thro' che City , the Second' in
England, firft built by the Romans, where the Emperor 5e-
verus had his Pallace, and died, as well as Ft. Valerius Con-
flantius, whofe Son Conftant'me was here firft proclaim'd
Emperour. It has about 30 Parifh Churches, a magnifi
cent Cathedral, fird built by Edwin King of Northumber
land, An. 627. finifh'd by his Succeffor Ofwald, After ic
had

YORKSHIRE. 183
had been deftroyed by the Fury of the D«»e.r, and by ca-
fual Fire, it was repair'd by the Care and Bounty Of the
Metropolitans. Widrin its Jurifdiction are the Counties
of Tor\ and Nottingham, 4 Arch-Deacons, of Tork, Cleave-
land, Eafl-Ridmg, and Nottingham. It hath a Dean, a Pre
centor, a Chancellor, Treafurer, Sub-Bean, and abouc 32
Prebends. Tis govern'd by a Lord Mayor, 12 Aldermen
inScarlec, 2 Sheriffs, 12 Common-C6unciI Men, foe. Ic
has many confiderable Privileges, being a Councy of ic
felf commanding the Neighbourhood. Befides che Cache-
dral, the Chapter-Houfe, a neat Fabrick, the Prince's
Houfe or Mannor, and che Courts of Judicature, deferve
our notice. 'Tis a Place of good ftrength, well fortified,
having 4 Gates, 5 Pofterns, and is a Dukedom always be
longing co che 2d Son ofthe Kings of England. The Oufe
being paft Tork., runs by Biflxtp's Thorp, Carwood, Rical,
Selby, Nun. Appletoti, che Seac of che Lord Fairfax, General Selby M.
of che Parliament Army, Drax, a little Village, where Mon. '
ftood a Monaftery, and where an Hofpital and School is
now erected by Charles Reed, Efcj;,
The Efjl Riding.
THE Eaft Riding, joffefied in pare by a People call'd
che Parifi, lies Eaft ot Tonicity, limited by theDer-
went on the North and Weft-fides, by the Humber on the
Souch, and by the Belgick, Ocean on the North. Next to
the River Derwent is fruitful, but the middle is fiU'd up
with the high Hills calFd Torkefwotid.'- As foon as the Det-
went enters! this Divifion, it runs by the Ruins bf-Montfer-
rant Caftle, by Kbkham, when*- was a College -oi Canons,
by Auldby, where ftood the ancient City Derventio,by Stan
ford Bridge,, otherwife called I Me-Bridge, where K. Ha-
.rold overcame the Danes, kill'd' their General, and took
fo much Gold, that 1 2 young Men were not able co bear
che Weight. This River vifits next Wreflill, Babthrpe, Hou-
den or Hovedene, where the Londoners have a Mart 3 days Howden^W.
in September, and where the Eiftiops cf Durham have a Sat.
Houfe and a vaft Edate in the Neighbourhood ; Metham,
Scalby, arid Flux-fleet, noted places, where the River Foul-
nes falls into the Humber, an Attn of the Sea call'd Aim
Mftuarium. In the Land are Wighton^ the old Detgovitia, Wighton
Godmanham, where docd an IdelTemple cr Altar of the M. Wenf.
Britains, deftroyed by the Preaching of , Paulfnus, and
Coifi the Heathen Pritft converted to Chridianity, who
overthrew it; Packjnton, a fmall Town; Spaldmg-moor, Pockinton
high Hills., Towards the Sea the River Hull, fpringing M. Sac.
fpringing

1 84

Beverley
At. W.&S.

^Kingdon
M.T.&S,

Headon
M. Sac.

Or Burling
con, M. Sac.

YORKSHIRE.
fpringing near Driffeild, noced for the Monument of Al
fred, the mod Learned K. of Norfhumb. and for che many
Burrows here rais'd, hadens co Leckenfeitd, a Houfe ofthe
lace Earl of Northumberland, to Beverley, the old Petuavia,
a large Town, having two Pariih Churches, befides its Min
der, is govern'd by a Mayor ,12 Aldermen, &c. Here
was -a famous Monadery, and here John de Beverley was
buried, Archbifhop of Tork., a reputed Saint by the Pa-
pids, for' having forfaken the World, and embrac'd a Mo-
nadick Life. 'Twas anciently a Sanctuary for Debtors and
fome fort of 'Criminals. On a Chair in the Mindrel is
this Infcription in Latin, This Stone-feat is called Freed-
Stao'll, i. e. the Chair of Peace, to which whatfoever Cri- '
minal flies (hall have full Protection.
The Minder is a fair and near Fabrick, having feveral
remarkable pieces of Antiquity. At the South -fide is
Mall-Garth, and the Town has a privilege of a Free-
School, and well endowed Alms-houles'-, it drives a Trade
^ofMalting,Tanning of Leather, and making of Bone- lace.
About a mile off is a SpaW-Sring in a Pafture; it' dries (cor-
bucick Scurfs and Scabs, and cures che King's Evil. Near
er co die Humber dands Kingfton upon Hull, formerly call'd
Wick., builc by K. Edw. I. is a populous' and crading Town,
very drong, by reafon of its Cadles and Blockhoufes. 'Tis
now the Magazin of the North, govern'd by a Mayor, 1 2
Aldermen, and is an Honour belonging to the Righc Honou
rable Epelin Pierpoint, Earl of Kingflon. Here K. Charles I.
was- denied Entrance in the -beginning of the War by Sir
John Hotham, Governour for the Parliament, Whole Seac
was in. che Neighbourhood.- A Tract of Land advances
from hence inco che Sea^ call'd Holderneft; where we find
Headon a fmall Town, Patrington the oldTrerbr/Wand Re
man, ftation -, Winfted, t\k ancient Seat of the Hddeards.
At the Head of the Lafc^jare Brufal-Hall, Kellenfey, Spurn-
head, the Ocellum Promontsrium, where dands a Lighc-houfe.
Here divers Towns have been fwallowed up and wafh'd a-
way by the raging Waves ofthe Sea, and the Overflowings
of the Humber, as Ravensburg, Redmayr, Penysthorp,Vpfall,
Potterfleet, &c. The Shoar runs frcm hence towards the
North to Overthorne, Witherenfey, Conflable, Burton, Skipfey
and Formes, a Bay called Suerbay, or Sinus Gabrantovicorum,
where are Hornfey a fmall Town of Fifhermen ; within the
Land Frodlingham, and more Northerly the Town of Brid
lington on a River near the Sea, and Flamhonugh-Head. Tis
an Honour belonging to the Right Honourable Rich. Boyle
Earl of Burlington. Befides the foremencioned Towns, we
find in this Divifion Kilham, a (mail Town in the Woulds,
ics M. i* Thurfday ; and Driffeild ; and in the Wed-Riding Beaufre,

lo A (rilling Wejl -trap.
\ft 6iUi,i£ £a/l Jy.
C Mlerlau Shire
LaiiabarnKX.ib. Ji'hiii/ Strand L.
Ticker uu/ 7i'a£-
Jtr R-ydal IVapcnt.-
, IT Bulirufr Wapen .
I Bwtlforlh 7i",ljr
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L ?i,iiili '-.aft' 7l'tl£
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HBucbrro/j TVap
O Dickering Way?-
P Jfohiernefs tyap.

S&.

Ouf, QJ -) „

^- Harwentr .
R_ JlawdctiflierTp.
$ ^' CJVilco Sevu
T=3 \BatfntonD.
~V\ \jialmDevi

f— «-

' ' ' 5 ¦ ' i r*", jSliddle

^—-

YORKSHIRE. 185
Beautre, noced for the Trade of Mildones and Grinding- Other Mar-
ftones, Markec Saturdays; Bradforth, Markec Thurfdays ; ket-Towns.
Nath, a fmall Town, Markec Saturdays; Settle, Markec
Tuefdays ; Barnefley, Markec Wednefdays ; Skipton , Market
Saturdays ; Knaresborough, Markec Wednefdays ; Hunanby a
fmall Town, foe.
In che Mouncains are drange Spouts and Eruptions of
Water ouc of che Earth and Rocks after great-Rains ; the ^ar;fleSt
Country calls them Vipfeys or Gipfeys, chac foretell Dearth
of Corn and Scarcity of Provifions. And at Homfey is a
Marr or deep frefh Water adjoyning to che Sale, like a
Lake, full of Perches, Pike's and Eels, &C.
The North Riding.
ABouc cwo Miles from Flamborow begins the Norch Ri- Extent.
ding ac Lebberflon. 'Tis long, buc narrow, reaching
as far as Weftmorland, abouc 60 Miles. The River Derwent
and Vre limit it on the Wed, and the Tees oji the North.
It may be divided into thefe Parts, Blackamore, Cliveland, Diviflon,
Northalvertonfhire, and Rich'mmondfliire ; Blackamoreheing a
black[Soil,full of Mountains, deep Hills, Rocks and Woods,
lies along the Sea-fhore, where we fird meet with Scar
borough Caflle, a famous Bayliff-Town, with a very drong
Caftle built on a Rock that advances inco the Sea. Here
an incredible quantity of Fifh is catch'd on this Coad by Scarborow
• che Dutch, chiefly of Herring, Ling, Haddock, Hake, Whi- jyj# •j-j1- '
ting, Makrel, and Cod-fifh. Abouc Midfummer chey are
in Shoals on che Scots Shoar, from whence they fwim co
the Englifh, and are caken from Augufl co November, and The progrefs
round che Britifh Sea till Chriftmas, and then return to the ofthe Nor-
Northern Climat, where they fpawn and increafe till June, them Fifli,
and then vifit again our Coads in vad Multitudes, to the
great Advantage of fuch as will take the Pains -to feek
for them. From Scarborough to the Tees the Land leans
invvards, and forms a Bay , called Robin Hood's Bay, thac
takes ic's Name from a generous Capcain of che Robbers
in che Reign of King Rich. I. Nexc appears Dunus Sinus, r)uneflv
where dands Dunefly, or Dunum, and Whitby, a good Town whitby'iv|
on che River Esk_, over which ic hach a wooden Bridge, c-i. ^ "'
'Tis now well builc, enjoying a greac Trade of Allom and
Butter, foe thac are here fold. The Ruines of a famous
Abby are co be feen. In che adjacenc parts feveral Scones
refembling Serpents are to be found ; fome fancy them to
proceed from the fpiral Petrifications of .the Allom Mines,
for they are alfo in the Alom-pirs gt Rome, Rochel, &Yc. ,
'Tis hkewife obfery'd that the Wild Geefe, when they fly Rarities,
B b ovf

*86

Y O R K S H I R E.

'Kelp.

over fome neighbouring Fields in this Country, have not
power to proceed, but fall down to the Ground, over
come by fome fecree Power of Sympathy or Antipathy
in the Earth that draws them down, v
In the Neighbourhood dands Mulgrave Caftle, formerly
cah'd MoUltgrace, for its pleafant Situation; but becaufe ic
was a publick Grievance, it alcer'd it's Name. Tis now
an Honour belonging co che Right Honourable John Shef
field, Earl of Mulgrave. On the Shoar the Councry Peo
ple are bufie in gathering and burning of Kelp, which they
ufe in making of Alom ; and there is alfo taken up black
Amber and Geat on che Sea-fide.
Jeac-done, almod a Gemm , the Lybiaiis find,
But fruitful Britain fends a wondrous kind ; ,
"Tis black and diining, finboth and ever light,
'Twill draw up Straw if rubb'd till hot and bright ;
Oyl makes it cold, but Water gives it heat.
From hence the Shoar bends to the Wed, full of high
and deep Cliffs._ Within the Land is a Tract call'd Cfiye-
Cliveland. land, a fertile Bottom and a deep miry Clay, of which die
Proverb fays,
Cliveland in the Clay,
Bring in two Soles and carry one away.
Further in the Shoar we meet with Skengrave, a Village
enrich'd by the Fifhing Trade. 'Tis here obferv'd, that
when in a calm Sea and a dill Wind a Groaning is heard
ih the Air, there is a grievous Storm coming, which dif-
"courages the Fifhermen from ventring out. In the Neigh
bourhood are Kilton Cadle in the middle of a Park, and
Skelton Cadle. On the Shoar Huntcliff, where, upon the
Rocks, at ebbing Water, great numbers of Sea-Calves or
Seals are often feen funning themfelves and fleeping, ha
ving always one to dand Centry. On the Sand are taken
up yellowifh and- reddifh Stones very fait, and in tade like
Coperas,Nicre, and Brimdone : And ac Huntley-Nabb abun
dance of round Scones are co be feen of feveral Sizes, like
Cannon-balls, having in che middle when broken che fore- ,
ment-iori'd fhapes of Serpents. In fight are Wilton-Cafile,
Dobham, Tarum a Market-Town, and Stokefley. Upon the
Tees Whalton-Caftte and Harlfey, noted Places, now in Ru
ines. In the Land dands Gisburg , a fmall Town , where
a famous and rich Abby flourifhed, and where Alom was
fird made in England. Here is difcernable Ounesbery, or
Rofebery, Topping a high and green Mountain, that is a Land-
mark for Sailors. Below it are Kildale, a Cadle lately be
longing to the Piercies, E. of Northumberland ; Danbyt that
gave a Title of Earl to Henry Lord Danvers of Dantfey, buc
fince co the Illudricus Tho. Osborn,cieated Baron of Kiveton,
' ; '"-'¦' " ! Vifcount.

An Obferva-
tion.

Yarum
Tb: '¦ "
Gisborow,JM. Mun.

M.:

YORKSHIRE. 187
VifcoWt Latimer, Marquis of Carmarthen, and Duke of
Leeds. Within the County we meet wich the Fored and
Town of Pickering, wich an old Cadle belonging co che
Dhcchy of Lancafler, and cherefore call'd che Honour df
Picketing, and Pickering Lith and Liberty. Near to it are
AytoH or Atton, the Ruines of Wickum-Abby , Walgrave and
Ofgodby, and Kirkby, Morefide, upon the River Dow a fwif t Kirkby
Stream, noted places. More Wederly the Valley of Rhy- Morefide
dale is difcoverable, through which che River Rhy paffes m. Wenf
near Helmefley or Hamlak, Co Rito'n, and chen wich che Helmefly '
Derwent divides Malton, a good Town, inco New and Old, m. Sac.
joyn'd by a Scone-bridge, having 3 Parifhes. At fome di- Malton M.
dance are Havingham, a fmall Town ; Newburg, a Village, Sat.
where our Hidorian William of Newborow was born, the an
cient Seat of the Noble Family of the Bellaffis ; Riland,
where dood an old Monadery; Gill'mg Caflle, a Seat of
the ancient and renowned Family, who for their fair Hair
are named Fab fax. More Southerly lies the Fored of
Goitres, in Lat. Calaterium, Nemw , noted for an annual
Horfe-Race , that gives to the fwifted- Horfeman a gol
den Bell. Here dands Crdke-Caflle, belonging to the Church
of Durham. At a little didance Sherry-hutton, Hinderskell,
two Caftles formerly; and behind the Hill North Allerton, North AI-
or Alverton, a pretty Town, with a fmall Circuit of Land ierCon w'
belonging to it, where the Englifh obtain'd a famous Victo
ry over the Scotch Army, An. 1139. led by their King Da
vid, who had dedroyed with Fire and Sword all the Bor
ders between thac and Scotland. 10000 Scots were there
flain. Near co Alerton dand Thresk, or Thrusk,, Soureby, Xhirsk M.
Brakinbak ; and more Northerly Beddal and Mafliam, Mar- Mun.
kec Towns. And cowards the North Richmondflire, a rocky Beddal M.
Country, full of Mountains, having feveral fruitful Vales. Tuefd.
In the Hills are many Lead, Coal , and Brafs Mines; and Mafham
on che Tops Sea Ccckle-dielfs have been found. The Coun- M.Tuef.
cry cowards Lancaflme is fofolitary and defart, and the Ri
vers fall from fuch deep Ground, that the Country call -^ &<"7#'
them Hell-Banks,ue.He!l-Jrreams. Here the River Vre, Tour,
or Tork., rifes to water firft Wenefdale,a fruitful Valley, where
the fmall Current of Braint falls down from the higher
Ground, to meet wich the Vre at Braintbridge, the old
Bracchium, a Roman Station, where feveral Monuments
and Coins have been found there, with Inlcriptions of
their Emperors, both of Gold and Silver.
The Swale runs through Swaledale , leaving on the
North 3Forrefts, Lime-Forrefl, Applegarth-Forrefl,znd New-
Forreft, with Deepdale, and on the South Bifhopdale, where
the Vie or Tork:River vifits Nappay, the ancient Seat ofthe
honourable and numerous Family of the Metcalfs , and
.:..'' B b 2 pairing

i88 YORKSHIRE.
paffing by Bolton, in the middle of a Park , that gives
the Title of Duke to the Illudrious Marquis of Winchefter :
Midlam M. ft waters Midlam, or Middleham, a good Town, near
Mund. ' Corham, where was an Abby, and Gervale-Abby. On che
ocher fide of che Stream are Snath, the old Seac of che
Barons of Latimer, Tanfeild, Norton-Hall, Sutton, and Thorn-
beg, noced places. A little lower the TorkJRrver meecs wich
the fwifc Current of Swale, edeem'd Sacred by the Old
Saxons, becaufe Archbifhop Paul'mm in one Day baptized
here 10000 Men, befides Women and Children. The
Swale in che Dale touches at Marricke, and vifits Rich-
Richmond mond, once a wall'd Town, with a beautiful Cadle, and
M. Sat. now a Corporation under a Mayor, Aldermen, foe. having
two Churches, and is an Honor now belonging co che Il
ludrious Charley Lenox D. of Richmond. Buc formerly 'cwaS
an Earldom enjoyed by Alan Earl of Bretagne, by Geoffry
Plantaginet, by Henry E. of Richmond, afterwards K. Henry
VII. Buc Henry VIII. creaced Henry Fit^-Roy his bafe Son
Duke of Richmond, as King James I. made Lewis Duke of
Lenox Lord Stuart alfo D. of Richmond. Below Richmond
che River wathes Catterick, the old Caturaf Ionium, or Ca-
taraffon, and CattaraUan, a famous City, where divers Ro
man Coins have been found, as at Thorburg and Brampton,
where a gold Piece of Nero Imp. Cafar was digg'd ouc ofthe
Earth ; and as fome were ploughing, they lighted on, and
the Shear duck in aBrafs-Pctt under Ground full of Silver
and Brafs Coins of the Romans. Here are alfo divers heaps
near Catterkkbridge, at Ketterickswart, and Burghale. The
Beddal M. ¦s*"'^e afterwards rubs by Hornby, Beddall , Topcliff; and
Tuefd.' " Mitton, noted places, the lad for a Victory obtained by the
Scots over an undifciplin'd number of Clergy-men and o-
thers, who attempted to dop their plundering, ^n.1319.
There was one Roman Way over Cattaricl^Bridge , lead
ing towards the North to Caldwell and Aldburg, and ano- ¦
- ther to Bows, where docd the Roman Lavatra, or Lava-
era. Many Stones with divers Roman Infcriptions have
been here taken up. Twas a place in thofe Days of good
Account, and remarkable for its publick Baths. Here die
Ridge of Mountains, call'd Stanemoor, begin, upon which
docd Rere-Cioft, or Rei Crofs, a Boundary ; and now Mai-
dcn-Caflle, an old Roman Fort ofa fquare Form.
Other Mar- Tiie otIlcr Market-Towns in the North Riding are,
ket Towns. P^kermg, Market Monday ; Stokesby, Market Saturday)
Ablerforth, Market Wednefday, &c.
The Lord Lieutenant of this County, and ofthe City
of Tork , is the Illuftrious Thomas Duke of Leeds.
It pays in the 2 .. Aid the Sum of 45816 /. 5 s. 8 d.
WALES.

WALES. ,89
WALES', in Lat. Cambria, or Cambro Britannia, Name and
and Britannia Secmda, formerly was a Kingdom,
noWaPrincipalicy, divided inco North Wales, which com
prehends fixCouncies, Flintfhire, Anglefey, Carnarvanjhire,DJvfion.-
Meriohethfikire, Montgomeryfkre, and Denbighfliire : And inco
South Wales, which likewife concains 6 Shires, Cardigan-
/hire, Pembrokefihire, Carmardenfhire, Glamorganfbire, Breck-
noc\fbire, and Radnorfhire.
'Tis bounded on the Souch wich che Severn Sea, on che
Wed wich the Irifl;, that wafhes alfo ics Northern Bor- situation
ders. On che Ead ic hach Monmouthfhire, Herefordfhire,
Shropfhire, and pare of Chefhire.
The Councry yields plency Of Fifh on che Sea-Coaft r ,.
out ofthe Sea and Rivers, of Corn and Flefh of all forts, c?mmd1'
Goacs, Sheep, foe. The Commodicies here fold are Stock- %es ,„
ings , Flannels , Scraw-Hacs , Buccer , Cheefe , Woollen rroaut"'
Clochs, Wellh Freezes, Coctons, Bays, Herrings, Calve-
Skins, Honey, Wax, Lead, Coals, Mildones, foe.
The principal B.ivers are, the great River of Severn, the Rivers.
Dee, the Wye, the Vsk_, the Conway, the Chuy , the Tivy,
and other (mailer Screams.
The Old Inhabicants are now the fame as of old, the 0/rf jnbahi-
Brhtams, known to the Romans by feveral Names. The ^m(S,
Silures was the chief Tribe, the Dimet* and che Ordovices
were the others. It feems chis was che Corner into which
the firft Inhabitants of England fled from the Fury of the
Saxons, Danes, Englifh, and other ' Invaders, and meeting
here in this Mountainous Country with a fafe Recreac from
their powerful Enemies, have left ic to their Poteftericy
to inhabic, who yet retain their Warlike and Cholerick
iTemper, foon1 moved to Anger by the lead Senfe of In
jury or Contempt, proud, vain-glorious, naturally hafty
•and high-minded, but as quickly appealed as they are pro
voked. They affect a feeming Innocency and Honefty in
their Dealings, but want not Craft to be otherwife. They
defended chemfelves doudy againd che Roman Empire,
and oblig'd cheir Generals to keep on cheir Borders at
Caer Leon and Chefler their bed Legions to reprefs their
Excurfions inco che neighbouring Counties ; by whom
they were never perfectly fubdued, nor by che Saxons nor
Danes, nor would chey ever quietly acknowledge the Eng
lifh Scepter, till they had obtain'd a Prince of their own
Country, who is always che King's Elded Son, K. Edward
the Fird, having had great and bloody Conflicts wich
Leoline Prince of Wales and his Brother David,, and confi-
dering the Refolution of the Welfh nevertofubmitto any fbe;rffjfl0„
other Prince, btic one of cheir own Natives,. caus'd his
Queen, then big with Child, to be carried to the Cadle of

190

WALKS.

of Carnarvon, where (he was happily delivered of a Weju
Prince Edward, Sirnam'd of Camdrvan, afterwards K. Ed-
wdrdli. Since that time they have perfifted in their
Loyalty and cordial Devotion to our Kings, Religion and
Englifh Liberties : And their Gentry are noted for their
Courtefie, Humanity, Generality and Hofpicalicy. Their
Language is primitive, but harfh and ungrateful to the
Ears of Strangers. Several Learned Men have flouriltfd
Learned ;n ^ country, Gildas the Wife, Geofry of Monmduthi Gi-
Men> raldm Cambmfls, Merlin the Aftrologer, Will. Morgan; whb
turned bur Bible into Welfh, Sir John Price the Antiqua
ry, Owen the Author of Epigrams, Dr.Lloyd Bifhop of Wor
cefter, and many more, are eminent for their Studies, and
Learning of the Welfh Nation.
They have been zealous and conftant to their Religion
fince the Days Of Lucim che firft Chriftian King of Brit-
tain, and would not admit the Innovations of Auftin the
Pope's Apodle, but having thett a well-order'd[Church gb-
veijn'd by Bifhops, they rejected the Supremacy of Rome,
and all other Errors of that Church, and were the laft of
this Ifland to, receive them ; but upon the firft preaching
of the Reformation they readily embraced the Truth of
tffeGofpel. '
Divers Kings and Princes have here Govern'd in Chief
before their Subjection; to the Crown Of England. The old
Britains being by their Warlike Neighbouring Ufurpers
conquered, were divided, and driven cogecher ihco three
Bodies or Parties into the Britains of Cumberland, who
foon loft their Laws, Liberties and Name, between the
Saxons of Northumberlattd and the invading Scots, by being
a Prey co boch. The Cornifh Britains retain'd their Go
vernment till An. 309. when chey were fubdued by King
Egbert, the firft Monarch of England. But the Britains of
Wales being numerous, Warlike, and aflifted by a difficult
and mountainous Country, would not yield dieir Necks to
the Saxon Yoak, till King Egbert and Ethelftan made them
Tributary, and condemn'd their Princes to pay him and
his Succeffors 20 Pounds of Gold, 300 Pound of Silver,
and 200 Head of .Cattle yearly, which afterwards was ex-
chang'd for a Tribute of Wolves.
Their Kings. The fird King of Wales was Idwallo the Son of CadwM-
lader, to him fucceeded in order Roderick., Conan, Mervh
his Son-in-law, Roderick his Son, who got the Name Of
Great. His Succeffors were his three Sons, Amatawd, Ca
det, and Mervin, to whom he gave his Kingdom, North-
Wales to the Elded, South-Wales co che Second, and Powis
Land co the Third, upon condicion thac che cwo Younger
and their Succeffors (hould owe and pay Homage to the
Kings

. «s»-

daryiBoint T%I,Xtatnl rlanwenllayuoy

'Jt.

Ike Ille of MONAnow
ANGLESEY.

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R T OF

Caernarvon Shirk

-. C aernarvan

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WALES.
Kings of North Wales. This Divifibn facilitated the Con-
queft by che Kings of England, who being grown power
ful by the Union of the Heptarchy into one Government,
were better able to fubdue fuch petty Princes, weaken'd
hy cheir Facher's Will and their own Animofiries, and force
them to acknowledge che Englifh -Scepcer. Now chis Powit
Land, chac was the Inheritance of Mervin, contained Mont
gomery, Radnor , part of Denbighfhire, of Flintfhire , and all
Shropfliire beyond the Severn, with the City of Shrewsbury.
Thefe feveral Counties we fhall defcribe in their Alphabe
tical Order.

ANGLESEY.
ANGLESET, by the Romans named Monaby, the Name and
Brit. Mon and Tir Mon, i.e. the Councry of Man ; situation.
and Tnis Dowylh, the fhady Ifland ; by the Sax. Mbneg and
Anglefea, or A'nglefey, the Englifh Ifland, is feparated from
our Land by a narrow Arm of the Sea or Streight call'd
Menay, or Meneu, being wafh'd by che Irijh Sea on all other
fides, lying on die Wed of Carnarvan and Bangor.
It yields Corn, Cattle, Flefh, Fifh and Fowl in fuch
plenty, that the Welfh name it Mam Cymry, the Mother or c^m"">di-
Nurfe of Wales. It affords Grinding-dones and Milldones, tm an^
fo. ^Produfts.
ae Old Inhabicancs were here named by che Romans _,,
Or novices, 'a Tribe often mention'd in their Britifh Wars. Inhabi-
The principal Rivers of this Ifland are, the Brant, the fiffls'
Ale , che Mathhanan, che Gueger, che Revenge, che Gynt', Ji,vers-
and the Dulas.
The Air inclines in fome times of the Year to Agues,
by reafon of the Mids and Fogs that proceed from the ^'n ""dSoil.
Irifh Seas. The Soil is dony, rocky , and mountainous,
but, as we have taken notice, very fruitful.
'Tis about 20 Miles in Length from Eaft to Weft, and gx-teni. jl
where broaded about 17 Miles, in Compafs 'tis reckon'd^ « *
.about 80 Miles. Ic concains 200000 Acres, 6 Hundreds, ^ lfj„/.al
abouc 1 840 Houfes, above 12040 Inhabicants, 2680 Men utJL o, "
fit for War, 74 Parifhes, and had 363 fmall Villages. . mianfS->°iC-
It fends but 2 Members to Parliament, whereof one is Burgefs-
out of Beaumaris. Towns.
The Romans under the Conduct of Paulimu Suetonius, in
the Reign of Nero, enter'd with their Army into this Ifland, Defcription.
at a place call'd Llan Idan, near Guydryn- Hills, oppofite to
Lion vair is Gaer in Carnarvanfhire. About a Mile from
this Ford we meet with Trer Druw, the Druid' sTown, where
yet appears a Roman Fortification, fuppos'd to be the fird
thac

CAERNARVON Shule
hy J^obfxMrtTrd.e>n

I

Par t

Be-wma

Anglesey.

A. CjFtJE YDD JUST HXTNO.
B . J,ECH-WTEH U-WCH.
C . LZCHTWEI) ISSJLPH.
D. ISCViTRAY.
X . JNkjwcojr-WjiY.
E . U-wciTG-vvjtjVAy.
TifX Irish
G. _ErY02vii>.
H . Cm o GION.
I . TlNiAIN.
R.Gymytne.

S K A

3x?</j

'IBttrdtsey _/ '. *

.ZU
Ketuamulc-

WALES. 193
CARNARVANSHIRE.
CARNARVONSHIRE, the fecond County in
North Wales, in Welfh Gaemarvon, from its principal w .
Town ; but before the Divifion of this Land into Counties,
'twas naip'd Snaudonia, and Atvonia in Lat. and Snowden-
Foreli, being covered with Woods.
'Tis bounded by the Sea on the North and Wed-part, Situation.
on the South by Merimetkflme, and on the Ead 'tis divi
ded from Denbighfhire by the River Conwy.
It- feeds Sheep, Cattle, Goats, and its Rivers are full of Commodt-
Fifh as well as the Coad. fKS andPro-
The fird Inhabicancs were called Ordevices, or Ordonices, du8s.
already mentioned. Ic owns, with the Ifle of Anglefey and old Inhabi-
part of Denbigh, Merioneth and Montgomery fibires, the Bifhop tants.
of Bangor's Jurifdiction.
The chief Rivers are Daren, Girch, Earch,. Maye, Car-.
. rog, Gwelye, and many little Streams that fall into the Ri- Rivers:
. ver Conwye.
The Air is here Very (harp and cold, for the Country .. ,a ¦•
rifes into very high Mountains, being full of Lakes and A'ram^ou'
Rocks, not improperly call'd the Britifh Alps; yet there
be many fruitful Bottoms and pleafant Valleys'. It's Form
is like a Wedge advancing its point into the Sea towards
Bardefey Ifle, having many other fmall lflands round about
1 it, as Gwelyn, StidwaU, and Mercrofs.
Its Length from Pervenkelc-pomt in the South to Ormef- Extent •
head-point in the North, is about 40 Miles ; its Breadth Acres.
from Conwy-River in the Ead to Llenoy in the Wed, about Number of
20 Miles, containing in this Compafs 370000 Acres, a- Inhabitants.
bove 2765 Houfes, 6 Market-Towns , 16790 Inhabitants,
about 5500 able Men fit for War, 68 Parifhes.
The highed Hill is call'd Snowdown, in Welfh Kreigieu r>efcrj<,t-m
and Eryreu, often cover'd with Snow. Oh the top are ' ^
Boggs, and two Lakes full of Fifh, out of which a River Rir-Ity%
falls down towards the Sea"; but the fides feed a vad
number of excellent Sheep, whereof the Mutton is the
fweeted of Wales ; and round about are great numbers of
Leffer Hills. Southerly is the Cape Langanum , or Lhyn
Promontory. The Land hereabouts is plain and full of
Corn Fields , of Wheat, Barley, Peafe, foe. Two fmall
Towns fhcw themfelves , Pwlh-hely , i. e. Salt-Pool, in pwlhhely,
a Bay Eafterly, and Newin, looking into the Irifh Sea. m. Wenf.
Tfie Country was deftroyed by Hugh E. of chefter, and Newin M.
his Confederate Normans, and laid altogether wade. Pro- Sat.
ceeding Northwards we leave on the Right Hand Eafterly
C c the

194
Mountains.
Lakes.

Carnarvan.M. Sat.

Bangor, M,
Wenfd.

Hilts. Abercon-
vey M. Fr<

Rarity.

A Battel.

Krekyth.

WALES.
the prodigious Mountains full of Rocks, accumulaced one
on che cop of another, call'd by che Welfh Moel y widhua
y Glyder , Kamedh Davidh, Klogwyn y Garnedh; and meec
in the lower Ground, che Lakes or Meers of Llenony, Llyn
trevenyn, Llanberis, and Llyn mumber, Llyn Dolathelon, Lly-
niga, and feveral others that empty themfelves into die
IriftiSea. From Newin the Land, indented by feveral, Capes
that advance into the Sea, leads to the Streight or Frith
of Menay, where dood the old City Segontium' near che
River Seiont , that runs from Llyn Peris, a fmall Lake,
where a Fifh call'd lorgoch, not elfewhere to be found,
fwims. Near to it dands Carnarvan, in Welfh Kaer "nAr-
von, built by Edw. I. a Mayor-Town, well fituated, having
a fair Proipect inco the Sea, and the Ifle of Anglefey.
Were the Princes of Wales had their Chancery Exchequer
and Courts of Judice. Two Rivers wafh it on one fide
the Sea on the other, and on the North was a drong Ca
dle. 'Tis now an Honour belonging to the Righc Honou
rable Charles Dormer E. of Carnarvan. The Inhabicants are
highly commended for cheir Civility and good Behaviour.
• About 7 Miles didane we meet with Bangor, or Bancbor
formerly a great Town wich a Caftle, now a Bifhop's See)
ic hach a Cachedral, a Dean, 3 Archdeacons, of Bangor,
Anglefey, and Merioneth, a Treafurer, five Prebends, and a
Free-School, foe. Here are difcoverable che Hills call'd
Penmaenmaur and Penmaen Bychan, wich prodigiousfteep
Rocks, beyond which appears a beautiful and rich
Plain, where dands Aberconwey, cr Caer gyffyn, upon che'
River Conwey, builc out of the Ruines of the old Canoni-
Irm. 'Tis govern'd by an Alderman, foe. and has given
the Title of Earcn, Vifcount, and Earl to fome Perfons in
former Days. The River Conwy affords Pearls out of its
black Shells, as well as plenty of Fifh out of its Screams.
Over^againd Conwy is the Cape Gogarth, where was ari an
cient City, andDiganwy, burnt by Lightning, fuppos'd to
be the oldDittum. Near Aberkjnwy P. Anarawd encoun-
cer'd v/ith.Eadred D. of Mercia , and routed him, with a
great Daughter of the Saxons, An. 880. Several Brafs Re
licks of Armour, Swords, Daggers, have beeti here found
under Ground, and above Ground large deep Fortifica
tions, as on the top of Penmaen, on, a deep Hill call'd
Braich y Vhinas, and another vety remarkable, call'd Tm
emeu hirion, with large heaps of Stones, fuppofed to be the
Graves of fuch as died in this Field of Honor, where the
old Britains encounter'd, as 'tis faid, wich a Roman Army.
On che Irifh Sea dands another Town Corporace, buc
final!, call'd Krekyth.
Ic pays in the 2 y. Aid 1-168 /. 13 s. 3 i.
DEN-

Pa it t

O F

s.

o ' * J 4 • /¦ <£¦ 7
Enflijh utiles . TiaiA
Mejii O JSTJE TH

)F

DENBIGH SHlREl
J3y Robert? Jftirderv .

^ Flint Shirk [Pari; of
\ Cke; .iliire

*-^— ^ ^- v -tt^^ Jfc. -,--c *

.-•'laiiyadejr:
-¦' ^.mou^hi^rv,

J Part of Montc-omery Sh.

WALES. 195
DENBIGHSHIRE.
DENBIGHS HIR E , in Brit. Sir Denbigh, or Dbin-
bech, in Lat. Denbigbenfls Comitatus, is a fmall Mari- K. \
time County of North Wales, having Flintfhire and Shrop- *ameM't
flire on che Ead, Carnarvanflme on the Wed, the Irifli i>nmtm-
Sea on the North, and Merionethfhire on the South.
Ic yields co che Inhabicancs Corn and Grafs co feed greac commodi-
numbers of Caccel, Sheep, Goacs , foe. They have no t;ef an£
want of Fifh, Fowl, foe Produlls.
The Old Inhabitants were the Ordovices, formerly men- old lnhabi-
tioned. This County is partly under the Eifhop of Ban- tmts &c>
gor, and pardy under the Bifhop of St. Afaph.
The Air is good, but (harp ; and the Soil hilly,, inter- ^r anci
mix'd with Valleys very fruitful ; that of Cluyd is che chief, g0j[n
well-inhabited by Gentry ; but the Wedern Pare is Hea-
chy. Ic dretches in Lengch abouc 31 Miles, from Ead to £xte„t' jt.
Wed; and in Breadeh from Norch co South abouc 17. cres Nut^.
Ic concains 410000 Acres, abouc 6400 Houfes, 38400^- ter'of Inha-
habicancs, abouc 12000 Men fie for Warlike Services, 57 bjta„ts &c>
Parifhes, and 4 Markec-Towns, 12 Hundreds. It fends
but one Member to Parliament, befides the Burgefs for Burgefs-
the Town of Denbigh. Towns.
There be many Rivers v/ater this County ; che Dee chac pjms.
runs ouc of Llyn Tegid Lake, Gyrow, Alwen, Cluyd, Clawedok,
Hejpyn, Lleuny, Alen, Tagidog, Elwy, Conwy, &c.
Amongd che Hills is K'erig y Druidon, che Druid Scones.
And ac Voelas are fmall Pillars, old Relicks of chofe Bricilh defcription.
Philsfophers. Ic would puzzle che mod fubtile and curi
ous Antiquaries to read the Infcripcions engraven upon
thofe Stones. However 'tis probable here hath been
bloody Fights , as may be conjectured from the Grave
stones, from the Rampires, Trenches, Forcificacions, foe,
yer remaining here to be feen.
In che CluydVale dands Denbigh, in Welfh Cled Frynyn Denbigh
Rofs, in Lat. Denbiga and Denbighia, is a populous Town, M. Wenf-
well-builc, full of Glovers and Tanners, govern'd by an
Alderman, 2Bayliffs, and 25 Burgeffes, foe. Ic was for
merly wall'd, and had a drong Cadle. This Valley is ve
ry fruicful and populous, being encompaffed abouc wich
high Hills. On che South part is the Town of Ruthin, in
Welfh Rhutbyn, a full Town of People, and a great Mar- Ruthin M,
kec, govern'd by two Aldermen and Burgeffes, foe. ItMond.
ha chan Hofpical and Free- School, foe. On che Conwye Llanrod
da nds Llanrofl, a fmall Town, wich a Free-School; and in M. Tuefd.
Cc 2 a

19* WALE S.
Wrexham a Territory call'd Mailor Gymraig we meet with Wrexham
M. M.&T. in a rich Soil, a well-built Town, trading in Lead, having
a fair Church. At Llanfainan is a large Cave in a donyi
Bill or Rock, with Seats round, named K. Arthur's Round
Table, a Retreat for Shepherds. South of Wrexham are
Chink., in Welfh Gwayn, a hilly Soil, honoured formerly
with two Cadles, one on che cop of a (harp Hill, call'd
Kaftelh Dinas Bran ; fome imagin 'tis fo nam'd from Breij-
nus; the other is nam'd Chirk; ,
'Tis an Honour belonginging co che Righc Honourable
Bafil Feilding E. of Denbigh.
Ic pays in che 2 s. Aid 3400 /. 00 s. 00 d.

FLINTSHIRE.
Name and TJ LI NTS HIRE, in Lat. Flintenfis Comitatus, is a
Situation.' Jl large Maritime Councy of North Wales, lying on che
Norch of Denbighfhire, having on ics Wed and Norch fide
an Arm of the Irifh Sea, being the Channel of the Dee-
Rivtr, and on che EaftChefbire.
Commodi- Its Commodities are -Butter, Cheefe, Honey, Fifh, Flefh,
ties and and Fowl in great Plenty, Pit-Coal, foe.
Frodulls. The old Inhabitants were the fame as in Denbighfhire,
Old Inhabi- the Ordovices. Tis now under the Bifhop of St. Afaph.
tants. The Air is good and pleafant, fomewhat cold, by rea-
Airfo Soil, fon of the North Winds. The Soil is not fo mountainous
as in ocher parts of Wales ; for here are many Valleys and
Corn Fields loaden with Wheat, Barley, Peafe,' Oats, foe.
Rivers. The Rivers- are, the Wheter, the Sevion, the Tagidog,
and the Dee, &c.
Extent A- Ic reaches in Length abtut 20 Miles, and in Breadth not
cres Num- above 8 whejre 'tis broaded. It contains 410000 Acres,
¦beroflnha- abcuc 54°° Houfes , 32400 Inhabitants, near 9800 Men
bitants &c. nc ^or War' 5 Hundreds, 7 Cad'les^ 28 Parifhes, and 3
' ' Market-Towns, and it fends but two Members to Parlia
ment, the Town of Flint having the Choice of one.
Burgefs- In this Shire St. Wmifrid's Well, or Holy Well, fo nam'd
¦ "Towns. frcni Winifred a chafle Virgin here ravifh'd by the Prince of
St.W'mifrid's the Country, who, after the Abufe, cut off her Head,
Well. and, as Report tells us, out of the fame place iffued im
mediately a plentiful Stream of Water, which new at a
lmall didance driveth a Mill. Over the Spring is a Chap
pel, with the Story of her Murder rcprefented in che G,afs
Window. Near this Wei! groweth fweet Mofs, which che
Councry fancy co be Sc. Winifrid's Hair. 'Tis much fre
quented by Strangers, who think the Wateis to be gocd
p cure divers pifeafes. Perhaps we are indebted to the
Virtues

a. . 'itiLich.rti/
a • C-U-ldTAV*
b. G-uwnufker
c . Xtdbr&k.e-
tL. tK,el/trtn-
e . GtMrn-
f. Tltefjra.
a . Hivpt- Co.-
h . CDarland C-retu
i . Merfard
k. M-m-htr d&tll
l.WhitcWrcke
m. ¦WeUhe. 3£*mton

DenCbxigh

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MERIONETH Shiielx .
by ILaii, M&rdtvn. .

Xttalifh ^Slliles

Mackenllet-

WALES.. 197
Virtues of the Waters of this Well, or co the Mediation
of the Virgin 'Saint, or to fome other unknown Caufe, for
our pretended Prince of Wales, and for the Pregnancy of
our late King James's Queen, who went hither in Pilgri
mage-when the Defign was form'd of having an Heft to the
Crown of England.
In che Borders of Denbighfhire dood che old City VarU; ry^^uion
the Ruines yet appear ac a fmall Hill call'd MoelyGaer: ^
And at 3 Miles diftance is Kaer Wysk,, a place formerly of
good Account near to the River Cluyd, that paffes through
the Vale to meet with the Elwy, where Llan Elwy or St.
Afaph is built, an Epifcopal Sea, firft Founded by Kenti- St. Afaph,
gem a Scotch Bifhop of Glafcow, An. 650. Ic hach a Bi- M. Sac.
fhop, a Dean, an Arch-deacon, and 12 Prebends. Afaph
the fecond Bifhop of che Place left his Name coche Town.
A licde higher is Rudhlan, where are yet the Ruines of an
old Cuttle, and where was a fierce Battel, An. 794. between A Battle.
the- Britains and Saxons. Nearer the Sea we fee Bafmg-
werk., noted for a Monaftery, and Flint Town and Cadle,
and the Town of Cajerwis, a (mail Market ; and further to- Caervis M.
wards Chefler Harden-Caflle. On a Neighbouring Moun- Tuefd. '
tain, at a Village call'd Kilken, is a Spring that ebbs and
flows at fet times like the Sea. To this County belongs a A Rarity.
Circuit of Land'divided from the red, call'd Englifh Mae-
tor, where is Hxnmere, a Lake that gives Name to the Ho
nourable Family of the Hanmers.
It pays in the 2 s. Aid 1157/. 8 s. 6 d.

MERIONETHSHIRE.
MERIONETHSHIRE, in Lat. Mervinienfls Co- Nme md
mitatus, in Welfh Sir Verionydh, is another Maritime $jtllatjorK
County of North Wales, limited on the North by Carnar
van and Denbighfhires, on the South by Cardiganfhire, on
the Ead by Montgomeryfhit e, and on the Weft by che Irifih
Sea. Here are greac Flocks of Sheep, many Goats, Herds of commodi-
Cartel, Deer, Fowl, Fifh of all forts, chiefly of Herrings ft-w ^.
in the Seafon. .,,.,,. Produtls.
The Ordoyices, the former Britifh Tribe, inhabited this 0^ /„£„#„
County in the Romans time, and it is now under the Jurif- tMts%
diction of the Bifhop of Bangor and St. Afaph.
The chief Rivers are, Dee, Dowye, Druryd, Paries, Cm- KjverSt
vet, Veloyd, Llanbeder, Artro, Skethye, Hirgum, Cayne, Mo-
huayer, line, Llavern, Monach, Dowr, Kelyn, Troweryn, &c.
¦ The Air is very (harp, the Country being high, full of Air fo SoiL
fountains and barren, fo extraordinary deep, that Men may

i98

WALES.

may difcburfe from the top of one Mountain, and be
heard by thofe chat (land on the ocher.
Extent, A- Ic expends in Lengch from Aberdowye in the South to
cres, Num- Llanfanfroid in the Norch-Eaft abouc 35 miles -, in Breadcfi
ber of Inha-ft°m Harttegh in die Weft to Uangower in che Eaft, about
bitants &c. 2° miles. Ic concains abouc 500000 Acres, ^bouc 2590
Houfes, 1 7 100 Inhabicancs, about 5000 able Men fit for
War, 37 Parifhes, 5 Markec-Towns. Buc one Member, who
is Knight of che Shire, is admicced ouc of this Councy to
fit in Parliament.
Defcription Tm& County has many high and deep Hills ; the chief
; M ' are Kader, Idrh , Aren Voudhuy , Aren , Benlhyn , Arennig,
Moelwyn, Mannod, Rarau Vaur, &c.
Dolgelhen. °n the Wed dands Dol Gelhen, fituate in a Woody
' Vale, ac che boccom of Kader idm, a Markec of Welfh
Cottons and Provifions on Tuefday. On the Sea-fhore we
Harlech M. meet with Ar-lech or Harlech, in Brit. Caer Kolbwyn. 'Tis
Sat. a Borough Town, governed by a Mayor, who formerly
was the Conftable of the Cadle, which is now demolifh'd.
'Twas Garrifon'd for the 'King, of which Col. Wil. Owen
Commander in chief, defended ic againd the Affaulcs of
che Parliamenc Forces. A little Northerly are two long
Inlets of the Sea, the one named Traeth Maur, che ocher
A Wonder ^raetb Bichan, i. e. The Greater and Letter Frith. 'Tis
' credibly reporced chac in che Year 1692. a fiery Exhala
tion was feen co crofs the Sea, and to fee Fire co the
Ricks of Hay, Corn, and Barns near Harlech, and to infect
the Grafs, buc was noc mifchievous to Men , chough they
were in che midd of ic. Ic proceeded in the Night from
the fame place for fome Monchs, commonly on Saturdays
or Sundays. The only Remedy to extinguifh or drive ic
away was, to found Horns, Trumpets, or difeharge Guns,
In a neighbouring Village call'd Feftineog, is an Old Roman
Way, that bears the Name of Sam Helen, or Helens-Way,
from Helena the Mother of Confiantine, as fome fuppofe.
On a Mountain near to this Road are thirty Sepulchral
Stones, erefted to the Memory of fome (lain and interred
in this place. At a didance is Caer Gat, che Ruines of an
ancienc Cadle builc by one Caius a Roman.
The River Dee, in Welfli Dwy, iffuing ouc of cwo, Springs,
and rowling through che Lake Llyn Tegid, in Englifh Pirn-
Bala M. S. ble-Me.ir and Plcnlyn-Mear, paffes by Bala, a BayhtF-Towfl,
che chief in this mountainous Tratt. Tis obfervable that
che Dee never mixes its Waters with che Waters of the '
Rarity. L*e' n^neT are in Salmon taken any where but in its
Current : And befides, there is a remarkable Fifh call'd
a Guiniaid, in fight refembling a Whiting; buc in cade
much like a Trouc, chic is noc found in any other Water buc

Montgomery Shire .
by 'It oh, *ffl.ord.cn .

ZLmJiatHy
:w^ME^tZ^

Cart> ICA 1ST
Tiymttymon itfill
Shijelx .

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Llyn 3£kr*r4

Radnor SkiRi;

n.

WALES. m
but in the Lake, nor taken in any part of the River. Ic
( feeds and delights in the bottom amongft the Water-Gla-
diol, a Plant peculiar to thefe Mountains, which refemble
the Alps, and afford the fame Planes upon the Rocks and
high Hills. Of this Lake, River, and Mountain the Poet
tells us :
Where Eaftern Storms didurb che peaceful Skies,
In Merioneth famous Penlin lies :
Here a vaft Lake, which deeped Vales furround
His watry Globe, rowls on the yielding Ground,
Encreas'd wich condanc Springs that gently run
From the rough Hills with pleafant Murmurs dowrt.
This wondrous property the Waters boaft,
The greateft Rains are- in ics Channels loft,
Nor raife che Flood ; buc when loudTempefts roar,
The rifing Waves with fudden Rage boil o're.-
The other Market-Towns are Dims and Monthy.
This County pays in che 2 s. Aid 1216 1. 7 s. n d.
MONTG OMERrSHIRE.
MONTGOMERTSHIRE, in Welfh Sir Dre Vat- Nme and
dwyn and Siretrefaldwyn, in Lat. Comitatus Movtgo- situation.
merienfis, is an Inland Councy of North Wales, for the mod
pare mountainous, overlooking Sbropfhire on the Ead, Rad
nor and Cardiganfhires on che Souch, Merionethfhire on the
Wed, and Denbighfhire on the North.
Tho' this County be full of High Hills, here are Valleys Commodi-
of Corn, and Meadows of Grafs, fo thac ic affords Flefti, ties and
Fifh, Fowl, and all manner of Grain for che ufe of Man. ProduUs.
In old time 'twas fam'd for its Breed of good Horfes.
The Old Inhabitants were the Ordovices, a numerous and ^ jfihabi-
valiant Tribe, as we have already obferved. Pare of it is * *y
under the Bifhop of St. Afaph, the other part under the
Bifhop of Bangor.
The principal Rivers Names are Severnfmto which chefe vjvsrs
Screams run, Thanot, Riada; Turgh, Vurnuly, Gerenyo, Rue,
Lleding, Bechan, Hawes, Tarannon. Bacho, Dangum, Lloyd,
Biga, Brughan, Dulas, &c. The Head of Severn, in Lat.
Sabrina, in Welfh Havren, is ac a fmall Lake on the top
of Plymttymon-Hitt. Near it are three or four greater Mears,
out of which Rivets break out that join with the Severn.
The Khydal alfo and the Wfe have their Sources on the
fame Mountain.
The Air is but (harp and cold becaufe of its high Situ- Air andSoil.
ation,

aoo WALES.
ation, buc in che Valleys 'tis milder. The Soil is ftony,
mountainous and rocky , incermixc wich pleafant Bot
toms.
Extent, A- Ics Excene in Lengch from Eaft to Weft is about 28
cres, Num- Miles, in Breadth from- North to South about 25 : In this
ber of Inh-a-ixtace it contains 566000 Acres, about 5860 Houfes, 33960,
bitants, &c. Inhabitants, about 11300 Able Men for War, 6 Market-
Towns, 68 Parifhes, and 7 Hundreds. Here are but 2 Mem-
Burgefs- j,ers of Parliament, the Knight of the Shire, and one out of
Towns. Montgomery. Befides Plymllymon-Hills, here are Brothen, Carlion, Moyl-
vadian, and Corndon Mountains.
Defcription. In tne Weftern Border of the County is Machylheth , of
Machyn- ' Muchunleth, the old Maglona, a Station of the Roman Sol-
lech M. Mo. diers near Kevn or Kaven Kaer and Penhalt, that ditto vers
yet the Signs of cheir abiding here by divers Coins, Walls^
New Town and rumous F°rcs. The Severn runs chrough this hilly and
M Tuefd w00£ty Councry by Llan Idlos, "Jre' Newydh, of New lowty
having a Bridge over che River, and Sws, noced places, in
Mrintpo- ^c °^ Montgomery, builc by Roger de Montgomery E. of
M Th Sa^ury-> wno gave ic his Name, cho' Baldwin Lieucenanc of
^ ' the Marfhes laid che Foundation in the Reign of William the
Norman. Tis feated on an Eminency that ftands near
rich Meadows, arid ic had a drong Cadle, which is now
demolilhed. 'Tis a populous and large Town, under Bay-
Iiffs, and fends one Burgefs to Parliament, elected by the
jonc Confent of che Burgeffes of Llanidlas, LlamMhg,
The Honor. Mackynlletb and Welfh-pool. The Honour is enjoyed by che
Earl of Pembroke, who are Earls of Pembroke and Mont-
( gomery. Comdon-Hitls are nexc Neighbours, where ftrange
Heaps of Scones are vifible, buc what chey were none can
cercainly cell ; che Welfh call them Karneu and Kamedheu ;
'tis probable chey were Graves of Men of Note and Re
nown. Where che Fiver Lleding joyns with the Severn,
wMfWinl ftands Tra/wi, i.e. a Town uponaLake-, in Englifh, the
M Mond Wdfl>-p< under Bayl>fr% having a good Cadle* large e-
nough co concain cwo, builc of reddidi Scone. 'Tis nam'd
Powis-Cafile. Over againd ic is Buttrington, where the
Danes wintered, and from whence they Were driven
by Adhered Earl of Mercia. In chis Councy was builc che
old Mediolanum of che Romans, 'tis fuppofed ac a place
call'd now Meivd near Mathraval, once che Pallace ofthe
Princes of PowU-Land, and Llan Vitting, or Llan Vyllin, a
good Market-Town, on Thurfdays, raifed ouc of che Ruines
of Mediolanum, govern'd by two Bayliffs. There is ano-
cher fmall Town on che Severn, call'd Llanidloes, ics Mar-
kec Saturdays.
This County pays in the 2 s. Aid 2926/. 0 s. 2 d.
SOVTH

T) N O R

Brecknock S HIRE By HobT-Mo-rdzn .

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caust

WALES. 201
SOVTH-WALES, i
SOVT H-WALES contains now but Six Counties ; SoutliWales,
Brecknock.ff>ire, Cardiganflme , Carma> deiflire , Glamor-
ganfliire, Pembrokefihire, and Radnor fliire.
BRECKNOCKSHIRE 

BRECKNOCKSHIRE, in Welfh Brechinean or Name and
Brycheinog, from Brechanius, a Welfh Prince, faid to SMatiom
have had 24 Daughters, all Saints, in Lat. Brechinienfls Co
mitates, an Inland County of South-Wales, having Rad-
nprfhire on the North, Monmouth and Glamorgavfljires on the
South, Herefordfhire on the Ead, and Caermardenflnre on
the Wed.
The Country affords plenty of Corn and Grafs in the commodi-
Vales, and the Rivers abundance of Fifh, particularly the^-w m >"
Wye andVsk , thac are full of Salmon, Trouts, and ocher Product's
The fird Inhabitants were che Silures, a Warlike and q^ fnfjafo
Famous Tribe, that long refided the Roman Power. 'Tis tmts,
now under the Bifhop of St. Davids.
The principal Rivers thac wacer this County are, the RjverSi
*Usk,, into which thefe Streams run, Groney, Houthy, Isker,
Brane, Camalas, Croy, &c. The Wye likewife receives a '
Tribute from thefe Rivers that rife amongd the Hills Lieu-
eny. Trvon, Dylas, Comarch, Wevery, with many other Ief-
fer Rivulets thac fpring ouc of che Hills, and fall inco
Glamorganfliire, where we (hall mencion them.
The Ait is good but fharp, and che Soil for che mod js}r 'fo Soil.
pare hilly, having fome few VaL-s pleafanc and fruitful.
Its Extent is from North to South in Length about 28 £xtent *_
Miles, in Breadth from Ead to Wed about 20 , having n'
Within its Limits about 620000 Acres, 5930 Houfes,. near ^ V ^^
35300 Inhabicants, about 9800 Fighting Men, 6 Hundreds, ^tJnts ^Ct
61 Parifh Churches, Nine Cadles, 4 Market-Towns. Out '
of it are two Parliament Men, the Knight of the Shire, Burgefs-
and one out of Brecon. Towns.
This County is (hut within high Mountains on theWed,
by Canty ebychan-Hids on the South, by Kader Arthur, or „•«.
Arthurs Chair, where is a Well that breeds Trouts, and
by other Eminencies. On the Eifl it hath Tulgarth and
Emus Mountains. On the North 'tis more level, where,
upon the River Wye, are two Market-Towns, Buatht or Bealt M.
, Bealt, having a Wooden Bridge" over the Scream, in a M. &C S.
j D d Country

262 W A L E S.
Country (haded with Trees, in the Year 1690. half con-
fum'd by a cafual Fire. .'Tis probable that here, or at
Hay M. Kaereu, near to ic, was che old BuMum. Hay, Hafeley, or
Mond. Hafleton, in Brit. Tregelhi, dands upon che fame River, a
Town of Noce in the Romans Days, dedroyed by Owen
Glyn Dowrdwy, commonly call'd Own Glendowr, who rofe
up in Arms againd K. Henry IV. The Wye tumbling down
Brecknock tne hlack Mountain waters Brecknock., the principal Town,
M. W.& S. hy the Welfh Aber Hondhy,'\n Lat. Brechinia,a place of An
tiquity, govern'd by Bayliffs, having 3 Churches, a Ca
dle, and gives the Tide of an Earl co che Illudrious James
D. of Ormond. Ic enjoys a good Trade for Cloaching. ( A
lictle towards the Ead is a large Lake, call'd by the Welfh
Llyn Sovedham, or Savadham, in Englifh Breckpock-mear,
full, of Perch, Eels, Tenches, and Otters, where dood,
as Report tells, a good City, fwallowed up by an Earth
quake : If true, 'twas doubdefs che old Loventium which
flourifh'd in chefe Pares. Ac y Gaer near chis Town, is che
Maiden-done, erected in the Road rough hewen ; likewife
ac Vaenor Llan St. Mred, and Llan Hammwlch are Monu-
mencs of Antiquity with drange Characters that puzzle the
mod curious Antiquaries. Bernard Newmark. became Mader
of this County after the Conqued, whofe Daughter Sybil
Pofleffors. brought it in Marriage to Gi/e/Earl qf Hereford, after the
> Exclufion of her Brother, whom his own Modier out of
Revenge declared to be born in Adultery ; Bertha che -
Daughter of Miles conveyed it to Philip de Breos, whofe
iSon William dying in Banifhment, Giles hisSon Bifhop of
Hereford recovered the Edate, and left it to his Brother :
Reginald; but by the Females it fell to the MortimersfCan-
thows, Bohuns, and Staffords.
Battles. At Buit in this County Leolyne lad Prince of Wales was
flain in Fight, An. 1282. by Roger Strongbow, his Head cut
off, and fixed upon the Tower of London, crown'd with
Jyy. Creckwell is another fmall Town on the Vsk , its Mar
ket is Saturday.
Pallaces. The chief Seats are at Creckowel and Tretmre, the Duke
of Beaufort's, &c.
It pays in the 2 s. Aid 1525 /. 19 .c. 06 y.

CARDIGANSHIRE.
xr J (~* ARDIGANS HIR E, in Brit. Sir Aber Tervi, in Lat
name ana. \^j ceretecienfis Comitatus, is a Maritime County of South
situation, wwe^dretching along the Coaft of the Irifh Sea, which
limits it on the Weft, as Radnorflnre on the Ead, Merio-
r.ethjhire

WALES. 203
nethfttre on che North, and Caermardenfihire on che South.
Tis a County that bears Corn, feeds Sheep and Cattle, /ww;
lias plenty of Fifh and Sea-Fowl, and its Mountains arejfef ZT
not without Lead-mines. „ fr*
The Old Inhabitants were named DimeU, or Demettr, old inh
by the Romans. The County is now under the Bifhop of i,jtant *"
Sc. Davids.
The principal Rivers are che Tyvye, inco which chefe Rjven
Screams run , Mat hern , Kery, Dettor, Mirkk,, and Bren-
nyng. The Ifwydh and the Rydal fall from che Hills, as al
fo the Salek, Maffalak., Clettur, K'mver, Dovie, Einon, and
Levenant. Thefe Hills are full of Lakes and Springs of
Rivers, that run mod of them into the Irifh Sea.
The Air is pleafanter and milder here than in ocher
parts of Wales, being advantaged by che Neighbourhood of Air & ^'di
che Sea, and by che low and level Grounds, not fo much
expos'd co the Winds and Storms. The Southern and
Weftern parts are plain and fruitful of Corn, the Northern
and Eaftern are more hilly and barren, yet chere alfo are
many fruicful Valleys.
Ic extends in Length from Cardigan in che Souch tor, t-M
Phirillimon-Hill in the North about 36 miles, in Breadth . A
abouc 16 or 17 miles. Ic concains abouc 530000 Acres, j^V aT"
3150 Houfes, near 35380 Inhabicants, 10800 men fit for /XiL. "sot
War, 5 Hundreds or Cancrefs, 64 Parifhes, 4 Market- '•
Towns; only Cardiganfhire fends a Member co Parliament,
befides the Knight ofthe Shire.
The Tyvye River comes out of a Lake at the Foot ofthe Defcription'.
Mountains, and runs through a rocky Country to Rofs,
where a great Fair of Cattei is kept yearly, to Stratfleur,
where ftood a Monadery, to Ire' Garon, and to Llan Dhewi
Breui , a Church dedicated to St. David, who held here a
Synod, An. 522. to refute the Pelagian Herefie. From
hence it paffes to Llan Bedr, a pretty Town, govern'd by a
Port-Reive and Steward, and Kil-Garan, where the Water ^an -^jf*
hath a,deep Fall, called the Salmon-Leap ; for this River is M- Tuefd,
full of Salmons, as it was anciently of Beavers, and the
Woods of W, ales of Wolves, wild Boars, ahd Bears. Near
er che Sea dands Cardigan, in Welfh Aber Teivi, in Lat. Cardigan
Ceretica, a large Town Corporace, govern'd by a Mayor, Al- M. Sac.
dermen, foe. having a fair done-bridge wich Arches over
the Tyvye. 'Tis che Shire-Town, where che Affizes and
Seffions are kepclc had formerly a drong Cadle,and is now
an Honor belonging co the Right Honourable Rob. Brudenel
Earl of Cardigan. At the mouth ot the River lies Cardi-
gan-Ifland. From thence the Shoar winds about to Aber- Ahervdwv
Tflwyth a place noted for its Fiftiing Trade, on the Rydall M mL,}
River, LlaubadernVaur is the Parifh Chu«ch, govern'd by -
D d

2©4

Name and
Situation.

. Commodi
ties and
Products.. Old Inhabi
tants, &c.
Alt fo Soil,

Extent, A-
cres, Num
ber of Inha
bitants, &c.
Burgefs-
Towns.Rivers.

kription. dwellyn *" °-s.

o-
V.

WALES.
a Mayor, foe. Hereaboucs are divers Lead-Mines, the
principal is ac Bwlch yr Eskjr hit belonging to the Family
of che Pryfes. Several Rivers chat fall from the high
Hills run inco this Sea along the Coad, as the Dyvy and o-
thers. The Town of Tregaron in this Shire has a fmall
Market Tuefday, and a Mayor.
This County pays in the 2 s. Aid 686 /. 8 s. 1 d.
CAERMARDEN SHIRE.
CAERmARDENSHIRE, or Caer-Mardhin-fhire,
in Welfh CaerVirdhin, in Lat. Maridunenfis Comitatm,
is a Maritime County of South U^/ey,bounded by Cardigan-
fhire on the North, by St. George's Channel on the South,
Brecknock, and Gtamorganfhires on the Ead, and Pembrooks
(hire on the Wed.
'Tis a fruitful Country in Corn, and Graft for Cattel, ha
ving many pleafanc and rich Meadows, Wood, Coal, Sea-
fifh, chiefly Salmon thac is here larger and beccer chan elfe-
where. The Old-Inhabicants were the DimeU already mention
ed. The County is under the Bifhop of St. Davids.
The Air, is generally good, wholfom, and mild; and
the Soil not fo mountainous and deep as in other Coun
ties, here being many Levels and Plains loaden with
Corn. It extends in Length from South- Wed to Nordi-Ead
abOut 35 miles ; in Breadth, where broaded, 2'c miles.
In this fpace it contains about 370000 Acres, 2765 Houfes,
16590 inhabitants, about 5800 Men fit for War Service,
6 Hundreds, 145 Parifhes, 8 Market-Towns. But two
Members are lent to our Parliament, One Knight of the
Shire, and one out of Caermarthen.
The principal Rivers that water this Soil are, the Towy,
in Lat. Tobius, that is encreas'd by the Guily, Cothy, Dulas,
Dulaflie, Brane, Muflivey , and Sauthey. The Tyvy runs a-
long its Borders, and divides it from Cardiganflme. Here
are alfo thefe Streams, Tave, Marias, Kartlikeny, Towa,
Cowen cair. Befides here are the two Guendraths, Vag and
Vaure, Combenyly, Loughor , Amond, Lurch, and Tavy, letter
Rivulets. In Towy-Bay we meet with Kydwelyn or Kydwyly, a May
or-Town near the Sea, formerly noted for its Cloathing-
Trade, but now for its Fiftiing,- which die neighbouring
Coad plentifully fupplies. The Towy River runshy Reficob
Fored down a woody Country to meet with the Brahe Ri
ver at Llanymthefry or Llanymdofry, a Eayliff-Town between the

WALES. 205
:he Rivers, over which are two Bridges. Lower the Towy
yafhes Llcmgadoke, a preccy Town ; next Llandilovawre a J13"?3'
arge Town and Parifti of 13 miles in length ; the Town IJ? %/*'
lands on a rifing Ground, wich a Fair Bridge over che fful7fr
iVacer. Near co ic was Dinevar-Caflle, che Noced Seac of LIandiIo-
he Princes of South Wales on the top of a Hill, and on the Ia^e5^
fame Stream Dulfon-Caflle. The River being fwell'dby ,oi**
livers (mail Brooks, falls down to Caermarden, in Lat. Caermar-
Mtcridunum, or Mur'idunum, in Welfh Caer Vyrdhin or Frid- ,jen M w
Ym. Tis- a good large Town, noced for che Birch-place of & gac. '
he famous Merlin, a Prophec and Learned Man. Ic had
1 Wall, and a ftrong Caftle, built by Gilbert de Clare, a
Chancery, and Exchequer of South Wales for the Princes ;
but now has a Mayor, cwo Sheriffs, 16 Aldermen, foe. co
govern ic, a fair Scone Bridge over che Navigable River
for fmall Veffels, and a good Key ; and as ic is well fre
quented by che Gencry, 'tis as plentifully fupplied with
Fifh, Flefh, and Fowl. But the Haven's Mouth is ftopt
wich Banks of Sand. Over againft chis Cicy we difcover
Kantrubychan, a Terricory where ftood Kaftel Karreg on a
deep Rock, wich feveral Caves adjoyning, where a Well
ebbs and flows wich che Sea-Tide. The Caves are fuppos'd 4 Rarity.
co be Copper-mines in the Romans Days. At the entrance
ofthe Haven is Llanchame, a Market-Town, and Llan Ste- Llanchame
phan, where ftood two ftrong Caftles. More Wederly the M% pr>
.Taw hading down the Mounrains with fome other Streams,
leaves Cardith Fored to fall into the Sea. Upon the Banks
was a famous Houfe call'd Ty gwyn ar Dau, where Howel
the good Prince of Wales in a greac Affembly, An. 914.
reform'd che old, and enacted new Laws for che heccer
Governmenc of his People. Here was afcerwards builc
Witland-Abby -, and ac Kilmaen Llhwyd was caken up an
Earthen Veffel full of Roman Coin, and two Boxes of
Lead were taken up by a Shepherd's Boy in Llanbody Pa
riih, An. 1692. at che encry of an ancienc Encrenchment,
call'd y Gaer ; within were found 200 Silver Pieces of Ro
man Coin of feveral Emperors. In this Bay are Calicut-
Point, Penbray-Point, Bachanins-Ifland near Llanethye or Lla- Llanelly
mily, a preccy Town of Reforc for Sea-Coal, wich a Mar- M. Thurf
kec plentifully fupplied wich Provifions. On che Tyvy we
meet wich Newcafile in Emlin, choughc by fome co be che
Roman Lovantium.. 'Tis a good Town wich a fair Bridge,
and had a drong Cadle, now demolifh'd. Divers Sepul
chral Scones and Monumencs yet remain in feveral places
of this Councy, as in Llan Wewydh Pariih, in Henlhamgoed
Parifh, ac Aberfannan, Llanvair y Bryn, Tre'lech, &c. wich
many Burroughs, figns of Fores and Camps, and fome
rude Infcriptions not worth our Notice. The

The Honor.

Pallaces.

WALES. ,
The Town of Caer Mxrther has given che Name of Mar-i
quis co che Illuftrious Tho. Osborne Earl of Danby, and Duke j
of- Leeds, and now co his Eldeft Son Marquis of Carmar
then. The Pallaces are Golden Grove and Emly, the Earl of
Carburys ; Abergilly, che Bifhop of Sc. David's, Sic,
This Councry pays in the 2 y. Aid 2185 /. 00/. 3 d.%q,

GLAMORGANSHIRE.
Name and /~* LAMORG ANS HIRE, in Brit. Glath-Morgan, or
Situation, vj Morganwg, or Gwlad Morgan,, and Golad Vorganwg, i.e.
the County of Morgan a Welfh Prince, in Lat. Glamorga-
nia, is a Maritime County of South Wales, having Breck:
nock,(i)ire Northward, the Severn Sea Southward, Monmouth-
fihire, Ead ward, and Caermardenfhire Wedward.
Commodi- This County is plentifully dored with Fifh, Flefh, and
ties and Fowl, has many Coal-pits, and fupplies its Neighbour Bri-
Produtls. flat with Firkins of good Butter, foe.
Old Inhabi- The fird Inhabitants were the Silures. The greateft pare
tants, &c. of chis. Councy is under che Bifhop of Llandaff, wich pare
of Monmouthfhire, che ocher is under the Bifhop of St. Da
vids.
Rivers. The chief Rivers are, Tavye, Toff, Ogmore, Rumney, Ew-
enny, Elay, Nid or Neath, Cunnon, Avon, Dulifih, Cledaugh,
Highon, Sec.
Air fo Soil. .The Air differs ; 'tis (harp on the Mountains cover'd
with Snow, but very mild and warm on the Severn Coad.
The Soil is like wife various, the North part full of deep
and high barren Hills, with many Woods ; the Southern
more plain, rich and fertile, feeding multitudes of Cat
tle and Sheep, the Grafs being fo fweec and excellent,
that the oppofke County of Devon and Somerfetfhires in few
places can (hew the like. > '
Extent, A- It reaches in Length from Capel brathteare in the Eaft co
cres, Num- Wormfhead-point in the Weft above 40 miles ; and in
ber of Inha- Breadth from Sylie and Sylye-Ifland in che Souch to Iflraguti-
lit.tnts,tXc. dies 111 che Norch, about 30 miles, where 'tis broaded, '
It contains above 540000 Acres,964o Habitations,5784o
Souls, about 18000 Men of Ability for War, 10 Hun
dreds, 9- Market-Towns, 118 Parifhes. It had 25 Cadles
Burgefs- and 3 Monaderies, bucnow mod of 'diem demolifh'd. It
Towns. £nds buc two Members co Parliamenc, the Knighc of the
Shire, and one out of Cardiff.
In the Reign of William Rufus Rob. Fit\-haimon, widi 12
more of his Companions and Captains, being invited to
the Affidance of Jeflin ap Gwrgant, kill'd Prince Rhys in a
Battel,,

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cafe.

WALES. 207
ktteL, and conquer'd diis County ; the beft and moft
iricful he divided amongft his Affociates, and allowed to
¦he Wellh nothing but the barren Mountains.
The Ri^er Rhymny or Remny leads us to Caer PbyliTovm r>„/",,;*,-;„„
and Caftle. By the dately Ruines 'tis thought to have rfS
been a Roman Fibrick ; the Chappel, the Pillars, the Win- £ Tu i
dows, die Doors, foe. are all Marks of their Ingenuity "
and Skill in Architecture. Here at this Cadle two Coins, '
one of Silver, the other of Brafs, were lately found. The'
River falling down to Rompnfy Town and Bridge, enters
the Salt Water at the Spittle, .where are difcoverable
$amarth Point and Bay and Lanveroch Point of Land, near
the mouth ofthe River Taffot Tav, which being encreas'd
by other Waters, wades LLrd.-ff, a Town on an Emi
nency, with a large Cathedral built by German and Lupus
trench Bifhops, Dulrkius being the fird Bifhcp, who was
fucceeded by St. Teihhm. It hath a Bilhop, an Archdea
con, a Treafurer, and 9 Prebends belonging to it. In fighc
ftands Caerdiffe, in Brit. Kaer Dydh, a Wall'd Town, well- Cardiff eM
built, having an old Cadle built by the faid Fit^-Haimon, vsr & S
:j&Dvern'd by the Condable of the Cadle, a Deputy of the
H.of Pembroke's, 12 Aldermen, a Steward, foe. where the
I ..Affizes and.Seffions are kept. Tis now a Town of great
Trade, having a commodious Haven , the Ships being
brought by its Tide co ics Walls : Ic had 2 Parifh-Church
es, buc che River wadiing away che Foundations of St. Ma
ry's, with pare of che Church-yard, has left but one. Near
theMouchrof Taff are two pleafanc Ifles, Sylye and Barry.
Some cell us of fubcerranean Noifes, of blowing of Bel- . w ,
lows, grinding of Tools, fmiting the Anvil, foe. to be Woncier.
heard in a Rock adjoyning to che Sea ; buc 'tis contradi
cted by others, who affirm, that thefe Noifes are heard at
Wormfhead-point,, near the mouth of the River Barry or
Burry, where Natural Caufes are afTigned for fuch Noifes.
The* Shoar, loaden w ich round Lime-done, leads us co
Aberthawe, a (mall Haven, wich two Rivers that joyn here.
The one comes from Cawbridg, a (mall Town, with a r , • ,
(lone Bridge, in Wellh yBontvaen, the old Bovium. On the ^ Tffl C
Shojir are St. Donetes-Caflle near-Nafh-Point, Pockery Caflle, M* ue a"
St. Athan , Dunraven, Newton a Sea-port , Kenfeage-Coflle
and V/ennye with Ogmore-Caftle and Brigende a fmall Town. Bri<*encle
fahrgam, anciently an Abby, is not to be forgotten, fitu- M> §at.
ate in a low Ground under high Hills, the Seat of that tru
ly noble, generous, ingenious and learned Gentleman, the
Father of his Country, Sir Edward Maunfell, whofe Hofpi-
talicy is known co all Strangers chac pals that way.. A little
further is Abaravan, an ancient Borough-Town, govern'd
by a Port-Reeve. Next we meet with Briton-Fares, joyn- ing

20&
Neach M.
Sac.

Swanfey
M. W.&S,

Penrife M.
Sac.Llancrif-fentM.Fr.

Rarities.

WALES.
ing co Coidfrank-forefl. Higher dands Neath, inBrit. Nedb,
the old Niduni, goyern'd alfo by a Port-Reeye, where final
Veffels load CoaVv?hlch the Hills plentifully furnifh. Frbiji
Mar gum to the River Lachor, or Llogor, the Country i|
nam'd Gower and Gowerland; in Welfh Gwyr, where the
neat, populous, and trading Town of Swanfey, in Weill
Aber Tom is builc, on the River Neath, where ic has j
good Haven. 'Tis now a Mayor-Town. Oppofice co Swan-
fe$ ftands Llogor, a Town govern'd by a Pore-Reeve, where
was an old Caftle. In chis Gowerland are Pennarth-Caftle,
Nicholas-Town, Penrife a fmall Markec-Town , Llanderdye-
Caflte, and Pathynon-HiUs. More in che Land amongft che
Hills are Lahtriffent, an ancienc Borough-Town, govern'ct
by a Pore-Reeve. And near Cowbridge is Lantwyt major,
an old Borough Town, chac had a Market Sunday morn
ings, but now difus'd ; and Kenfeage or Kenflg, a very an
cient Borough-Town, govern'd by a Pore-Reeve, chat had
formerly a Markec, buc now difconcinued.
Near Newton is a remarkable Spring in a fandy Level,
thac in Summer-time ac foil Sea affords fcarce any Water,
but ac Ebbing Tide increales drangely. This Alcerarion is
noc fo remarkable in Winter, becaufe of the Rains and
Floods. Arid on che cop of Margam-Hfll, call'd Mynydd
Margam, is a Pillar of hard Stone erected for a fepujchral
Monument, where is an Infcription that the Neighbours
fancy to be true, chac whofoever reads (hall die foon afci
ter. Here are yet living the ancient?Family of the Stradlingsj
Turbervils and Flemmings , the fird Conquerors of this
Country. • '
It pays in the 2y. Aid 3953 /. 4y. 11 d,

PEMBROKESHIRE.

Name and
Situation.
Commodities and
Products.Old Inhabi
tants, &c.

PEMBROKESHIRE, or Penbrokefihire, in Lat. Peii-
brochienfls Comitatus, is a Maritime County of South
Wales, having on the Souch and Wed che Ocean, on che
Norch Cardiganfhire, and on che Ead Caermardenfihire. 1
'Tis fruitful in Corn, and hach many facPadures, plenty
of Marie co enrich che Earch, and many Coal-pies ; and|
che Sea-fhore is full of Fifh.
The primitive Inhabicancs were die Dimeta. The Coun*
cry owns che Jurifdichon ofthe Bifhop of St. Davids,

The

PEMBROCK SHIRE
by Hah* JKarden. .

WALES. 209
The Rivers Names are Clethy, Clydagh, Breynandy, Mr- Rivers.
Ms, Sevynvey, thac joyn and meet wich che Dougledye, Cled-
hewen, and Culbeth, which together enter the Salt-water at
Pennemouth. Befides in this County are the Hen, the Gua-
ia, che Guyne, the Neverne, die Dead, che Knyno, che Reach,
the Tyvy, the Braian, the fc/owr, and the Annifer, &c. The
Air is pleafant and good, and the Soil in the Bottoms ... .
and cowards the Sea excraordinary fruicful ; fome Hills Ar ®* So,L
and Mouncains appear in che Land, which are more bar
ren, buc they are well ftor'd wich Flocks of Sheep, Gcacs,
and Cacde, foe. .
Ic extends in Lengch from Sc. Gowen in che Souch, co F .
Cardigan in the North about 30 miles, and in breadeh from „
Llanbeder velfray in the Eaft, to St. Davids in the Weft, a- ^"V rT"
bouc 22 miles. In chis fpace ic concains 420000 Acres, a- ?y y "«?"
bout 4320 Habicarions, 25920 Inhabicancs, abouc 8600 '
Fighting Men, 7 Hundreds, 5 Markec-Towns, 145 PariHies,
ijS Caftles, befides Blockhoufes.
vftfends3 Members co Parliament, the Knight of the Bureefs-
. Shire, one out of Pembroke, another out of Haverford, &c. Towns '
, On the South Coaft firft appears Tenby, or Tenbigh, a rw>»w™
neat wall'd Town, in Wellh Dinbech y pyfehod , becaufe of TenbvM
its plenty of Fifh. Tis a Mayor-Town, has a good Har- \v. & S. '
hour for Ships, had a Cadle now demoliih'd, and enjoys
a great Trade. In fight are Manober-Caflle, a place anci
ently of Note, Milford Haven, che fecured Port in Eng
land, able to contain 1000 Sail of Ships, where Henry VII.
landed, haying 13 Roads, 16 Creeks, and 5 Bays, of which
the Poet fpeaks :
Here circling Banks che furious Winds concroul,
And peaceful Waves with gentle Murmurs rowl.
At che further end of the Eadern Bay lies Pembroke, in Pembroke
Brit. Penvro, in Lat. Penbrochium, the Shire-Town, wall'd, jyj, gar.
and govern'd by a Mayor, foe. It hath two fair Bridges, 2
Churches, is well frequented by Gentlemen and Tradef-
men, and is fortified with a Caftle on a Rock, where is a
Vault that has an Eccho, call'd Wogan. In another Bay we
meet with Carew-Caflle, that gives Name to an Honoura
ble Family. On the Shoar we difcover Sheep-Ifle, Ga-
thalme-Ifle, St. Bridges, Scalme-Ifle, and Stockholme-Ifle, with
ocher leffer lflands, Galcop-Woad, and the litde Haven.
That pare of che Councy is by the Welfh nam'd Rbos,
where the Flemings were ordered to inhabit by Henry I,
much hated by the Natives, buc true and faithful to the
Etfglifh. H,ere upon Cledhen dands Haverford, in Welfh gaVerford
l{»lfordh , a good Town, govern'd by a Mayor, She- ^ x 5cSf
E e , riff, ' ''

2IO

WALES.

riff, foe It . had a Cadle and Walt, buc now demolilh'd'
It hath 3 Parifhes and a Stone-bridge, foe. Beyond Ros is
a Tract of Land call'd OBopitarum Promontorium-, by the
Brit. PoBidkg and Kantrew dewi, a barren Soil advancing
high into the Sea, yet it has been the Retreat of feveral
Popifh Saincs ; here Sc. Patrick_ms born, his Parencs Cat-
phurmut a Bricifh Pried and Concha Sider of Sc. Martin of
7b«ry ; and Dewi a Reli gious Bilhop was che fird of Sc. Da
vid's, nam'd by the Welfh Tuy Dewy. 'Twas once a Me-
5c. Davids, tropokan See in che Infancy of Chridianicy in this Ifland,
but now is an Epifcopal. The Cathedral is a handfome
Euilding. It hath an Arch-deacon, a Prascentor, a Trea-
furer, ar.d 8 Prebends, foe. 'Tis buc a poor Town, thin
ly inhabited, without any Market. The old Name was
Mer.eu, therefore the Bifhop's Title is Menevenfls. Here in
die high neighbouring Rocks breed che mod excellenc and
edeemed Falcons, thus defcrib'd :
Flat Heads, and Feathers laid in curious Rows
Ore all their parts, hook'd Beaks, and flender claws.

Fifgard M«
Sat.

Near to it is the noted Lordfhip of Kemaes, where we
find Fifgard on a deep Rock, with a good Haven for Ships^
in Welfh Aber-Gwain, a place noted for Herring-fifhing.
The Town it govern'd by a Mayor, Bayliffs, foe. On the'
Coad near St. Davids is Whitefand-Bay, and Ramfey-Ifle,r>xtt-
ty large, with fome fmaller lflands, called the Bifhop and
his Clerks ; and over againd Fifgard are Rocks nam'd the
Cow and Calf. On the River Nevern is Newport, in Brit.
Jrwdraeth, govern'd by a Port-Reeve and a Bayiiff, and-
hath a good Haven and a fair Church. On the Tyiiy is
Kilgaran, or Kilgarven, a noted Town for Salmon, govern'd
by a Port-Reeve, foe. In the Land are Wiflon, a Mayor-
Town, Lauhader, Narbart on a Hill, govern'd by a Port-
Reeve. Domacles in a Bottom near Tyvy, govern'd alfo by
a Port-Reeve, having a decayed Monadery.
The Honor. Several Ncble-men and their Potederity have been Earls
of Pembroke, Arnulph of Montgomery , Gilbert Strotigbow,,.
William M.nfliall, William de Valentia, John ' Lord Hafi'mgs,:
John D. of Bedford, Will, de la Pool, Jafper Hatfeild, &c.'
but now 'tis an Honour belonging to the Right Honourable
Tho. Herbert Earl of Pembroke, who is alfo Lord Lieute
nant of all Scuth-Wates.
This County pays in the 2 y. Aid 1498 /. 18 y. 10 d.

NewportM. Sat.
Kilgaran M. Sat.
Widon
M. Sat.

RAD-

¦oc^.-'-Lwon: .

WALES. 211
RADNORSHIRE.
RAD NORSHIR E, in Lat. Radnorienfis Comitatus, in Name and
Brit. Sir vaes yved, is an Inland County of South- Situation.
Wales, of a triangular Form, lying between Herefordfhire
on the Ead, Cm-diganfliire on the Weft?, Brccknockfldre on
the South, and Mont gomay fine en the North.
This County is not lo fruitful as its Neighbourhood, yet Common-
it wants not Fields of Corn, Rivers full of I-ifh, Hills and ties and
Meadows feeding and nourifhing Sheep and Cattle, foe. Product's.
The Old Inhabitants were the Silures, often rrer.tior.cd. o!d Inh-'bi-
This County is under the Bifhop of St. Davids. t '
The principal Rivers are the Wye, Tare, Lug, Arro, fcv^-s
Clowdot>, Tther, Machaw,y, Dulas^ D, rr.ol, Cameron, &c.
The Air is lharp, and the Soil mountainous and bar- Air andSoil,
ten, with fome mixture of good Land between.
It extends in Length from Eaft to Wed 24 Mi!es, in Extent, A-
Breadth from South to North 22 Miles. It contains 310000 crey, Num-
Acres, about 3160 Habitaticns, 1896 Inhabitants, a\xxxt b.r of Inha-
6300 Men able and fit for War, 6 Hundreds, 52 Vas\ft\ts,b';tants,tUc.
4 Market-Towns. It fends two Members to Parliament,
the Knight of the Shire, and one out of Radnor Town.
In the^Eadern part were formerly Cajielh-pain and"C^-
fielh-colwen, noted places. Now .Radnor is mod remarka- ga(jnor jyr
ble, nam'd by the Wellh .Mr-es yvrd and Pencraig at the Xnefd.
foot of the Hill cover'd with Sheep. 'Tis call'd the Fored
of Radnor .- On the top of the Hill was the Cadle ruin'd by
Owen Glendowr. 'Tis now govern'd by a Bayiiff ar,d Bur
geffes. Abcut 3 miles didance is Prefiean, or Preftain, in Predean
Welfh Llan Andras, a good Market-Town. About 4 miles M. Sat..
from thence we meet with Knighton, on a Rifing Ground : Knighton
Here was Cfa'sDike, reaching trom the Mouth of Dee to M. Tuefd.
the River Wye. The Ccur.try Wedward is called Melieuydb,
a barren Soil. On the River Wye, where the Water falls
down deep Rocks, is Rayader Gowy, a fmall Town. Near pagacjer
to it is a vad Wilderr.efs, where K. Vortigew, who invited Go^,v M g
over the Saxons, withdrew himfelr", and ended his Days *
miferable, being confum'd with Lightning from Heaven,
with his City call'd Caer Gwortigan.
'tis an Honor belonging to the Right Honourable Charles The Honour,
Ead of Radnor.
"Shis County pays in the 2 s. Aid 1346 /. 3 s.

E e 2 A

2I£

A True LI ST of the Lords
Spiritual and Temporal, together with
the Knights, Citizens, and BurgeJfles of
the Parliament, Anno 1701.
Note, Thofe which have thit Mark. * before the m, were
not Members of the laft Parliament.
'¦M - x
A LIST ofthe PEERS.
DUKES.
PRince George of Denmark, Duke of Cumberland.
Thomas Herberc, Earl of Pembroke and Montgomery,
Lord Prefident of the Council.
Ford Grey, Earl o/Tankervile, Lord Privy-Seal.
Howard, Du\eof Norfolk, Earl Mar flat 0/ England.
William Cavendifh, Duke of Devonfliire, Lord Steward of
{ the King's Houfhold.
Charles Seymour, Duke 0/ Somerfet.
f hades Lenos, Duke of Richmond.
Charles Ficz-Roy, Duke (/Southampton.
Charles Fitz-Roy, Duke of Grafton.
\ James Butler, Duke o/Ormond.
Henry Scmerfet, Duke o/Beauforr.
^George Fitz-Roy, Duke o/Norchumberland.
Charles Beauclair, Diike of St. Albans.
Charles Pawlec, Duke o/Bolcon.
Meinhard Schonberg, Duke of Schonberg.
Charles Talboc, Duke of Shrewsbury. ,
Thomas Osborne, Da^e of Leeds.
Wriochefley Ruffel, Duke of 'Bedford.
John Holies, Duke of Newcaftle.
MAR Q.U I S.
John Sheffield, Marquis o/Normanby.
EARLS.
Roberc Bertie, Earl of Lindfey, Lord Great Chamberlain of
England. Edward

214 A True L I S T of the
Edward Villiers, Earl of Jetfey, Lord Chamberlain ofthe
Houfhold.
Aubrdy de Vere, Earl of Oxford.
Anthony Grey, Earl of Kent.
William Stanley, Earl of 'Derby.
JohnManers, Earl of Rutland.
Theophilus Haftings, Earl of Huntingdon.
Henry Clinton, Earl of Lincoln.
Henry Howard, Earl 0/ Suffolk.
Charies Sackville, Earl o/Dcrfet and Middlefex.
James Cecill, Earle (/Salisbury.
ohn Cecill, Earle of Execer.
Egercon, Earl of Bridgewacer.
Roberc Sidney, Earl of Leicefler.
George Compcon, Earl o/Norchampton.
Edward Rich, Earl of Warwick and Holland.
Bafil Fielding, Earl of Denbigh.
Pawlec Sc. John, Earl o/Bolingbroke.
Thomas Fane, Earl of Weftmorland.
Charles Moncague, Earl of Manchefler.
Thomas Howard, Earl of Berkfhire.
Richard Savage, Earl Rivers.
Charles Mordaunc, Earl o/Peterborow and Monmouth.
Thomas Grey, Earl of Stamford.
Charles Finch, Earl o/Winchelfea.
Evelin Pierponc, Earl of Kingfton.
Charles Dormer, Earl of Carnarvon.
Philip Scanhope, Erfr/e/Chederfield.
Thomas Tufcon, Earl 0/ Thanet.
Roberc Spencer, Earl of Sunderland.
Roberc Leake, Earl o/Scarldale.
Edward Moncague,. Earl 0/ Sandwich.
Henry Hyde, Earl 0/ Clarendon.
Algernon Capell, Earl of Effex.
Roberc Brudenell, Earl (/Cardigan.
Tames Annefly, Earl 0/ Anglefey.
John Granvile, Earl of Bathe.
Charles Howard, Earl 0/ Cariifle.
Thomas Bruce, Earl 0/ Ailesbury,
Charles Boyle, Earl of Burlington.
Anthony-Afhley Cooper, Earl of Shafcsbury.
Edward-Henry Lee, Earl of Lichfield.
Thomas Lennard, Earl of Suffex.
Lewis de Duras, £<tr/o/Feverfham.
Charles Gerrard, Earl 0/ Macclesfield.
Charles-Bodvile Roberts, Earl o/Radnor.
William Padon, Earl of Yarmouth.
Charles Berkely, Earl of Berkeley.
Daniel Finch, Earl o/Notcingham. Laurence

Lords and Commons, Anno 1 701. 215
Laurence Hyde, Earl of Rochefter.
Mouncagu Bertie, Earl of Abingdon.
Baptift Noel, Earl of Grainsborough.
Roberc Darcie, Earl of Holdernefs.
Henry Windfor, Earl of Plimouth.
Edward Ratcliff, Earl of Derwentwater.
William Bencinck, Earl of Pordand.
Ralph Moncague, Earl of Moncague.
John Churchill, Earl of Marlborough.
Arthur Herbert, Earl of Torrington,
Richard Lomley, Earl of Scarborough.
George Booth, Earl of Warrington.
Francis Newport, Earl of Bradford.
Henry Sidney, Earl of Rumney.
William Zuleftein, Earl of Rochford.
Arnold Jooftvan Kegpel, Earl of Albermarle.
Thomas Covencry, Earl of Coventry.
Edward Ruffel, Earl of Orford.
Henry d'Auverquerque, Earl of Grancham.
VISCOUNTS.
Price Devereux, Vifcount Hereford.
Francis Brown, Vifcount Mountacute.
William Fienes, Vifcomrt Say and Sele.
Rowland Bellafis, Vifcount Falconberg.
Charles Townfend,. Vifcount Townfend.
Thomas Thynne, Vifcount Weymouth.
Chriftopher Haccon, Vifcount Hatcon.
Henry Yelvercon, Vifcount Longvile.
Richard Loucher, Vifcount Londfale.
BARONS.
George NevilL, Lord Albergaveny.
 Toucher, Lord Audley.
Roberc Bertie, Lord Willoughby of Eresby.
John Weft, Lord de la War.
Robert Shirley, Lord Ferrers.
Charles Mildmay, Lord Fitz-walter.
Edward Ward, Lord Dudley and Ward.
Edward Stourton, Lord Stourton;
Richard Verney, Lord Willoughby of Broke.
Ralph Eure Lord Eure.
Thomas Wharton, Lord Wharton.
Hugh Willoughby, Lord Willoughby of Parham.
William Paget, Lord Paget.
Francis Howard, Lord Howard of Effingham. William

216 A True LIST ofthe
William North, Lord North and Grey of Rollefton*
James Bruges, Lord Chandos. <
Robert Cary, Lord Hunfdon.
Thomas Petre, Lord Petre.
Charies Gtrard,Lord Gerard of Gerard's Bromley.
Thomas Arundel, Lord Arundel of Wardour.
Chriftopher Roper, Lord Tenham.
Foulk Grevill, .Lord Brgpk.
John Lovelace, Lord Lovelace.
John Pawlecc, Lord Pawlect o/Hinton St. George.
Banefter Maynard, Lord Maynard.
Charles Howard, Lord Howard o/Efcrick.
Charles Mohun, LordHohvm.
Thomas Wentworch, Lord Raby,
Thomas Leigh, Lord Leigh.
Thomas Jermyn, Lord Jermyn.
William Byron, Lor^ Byron.
JohnVaughan, Lord. Vaughan.
Carrington, Lord Carrington.
William Widdringcon, Lord Widdrington,
John Colepeper, Lord Colepeper.
Roberc Lucas, Lord Lucas.
Lewis Wacfon, Lord Rockingham.
Roberc Succon, Lord Lexington.
Marmaduke Langdale, Lord Langdale.
William Berkeley, Lord Berkeley of Stratcon.
Charles Granvile, Lord Granvile.
Charies Cornwallis, Lord Cornwallis.
Nathaniel Crew, Lord Crew.
John Arundel, Lord Arundel o/Trerice.
William Craven, Lord Craven.
Hugh Clifford, Lord Clifford of Chudleigh.
Peregrine Osborne, Lor<i Osborne.'
John Carteret, Lord Carteret.
Charles Bennet, Lord OffulftoH.
William Legg, Lord Dartmouch.
William Scawell, Lorrf Scawelh
Francis North, Lord Guilford.
Sidney Godolphin, Lord Godolphin.
Henry Germyn, Lord Dover.
John Jefferyes, Lord Jefferyes.
James Waldegrave , Lord Waldegrave.
HughChpImley, Lo,rd Choln\ley.
John Afhburnham, Lor^Afhburnhaniv
William Farmer, Lord Leimpfter.
Charles Butler, Lord Weefton.
Henry Herbert, - Lord Herbert of Chirbury,
John Thompfon, Lord Hayerfham.

Lords and Commons, Afim ijoi.
johnSommers, Lord Sommers.
Chriftopher Vane, Lorrf Barnard.
Charles Moncague, Lord Hallifax.
ARCHBISHOPS and BISHOP, 5.
Dr. Thomas Tennifon, Lord Archbifliop o/Cancerbury.
Dr. John Sharp, Lord Archbifliop of York.
Dr. Henry Compcon, Lor&Bifhop of London.
Dr. Nachaniel Crew, LordJBiflxp of Durham.
Dr. Pecer Mew, Lord Bifljop of Wincheder.
Dr. William Beau, Lord Bifhop of Llandaff.
Dr. William Lloyd, Lord Bifhop of Worceder.
Dr. Thomas Smich, Lord Bifhop of Cariifle.
Dr. Thomas Spracc, Lord Bifhop of Rocheder.
Dr. Jonachan Trelawny, Lord Bifhop of Execer.
Dy. Gilbert Bumec, Lord Bifhop of Sarum.
Dr. Humphrey Humphreys, Lord Bifliop of Bangor.
Dr. Nicholas Scracford, Lord Bifhop of Cheder.
Dr. Simon Pacrick, Lord Bifljop of Ely.
¦Dr. Gilbert Ironfide, Lord Bifhop of Hereford.
Dr. John Hough, Lord Bifhop of Licchfield and Covencry.
Dr. John Moore, Lord Bifhop of Norwich.
Dt-. Richard Cumberland, Lord Bifhop of Peterborough.
Dr. Edward Fowler, Lord Bifliop of Glouceder.
Dr. Richard»Kidder, Lord Bifhop of Bach and Wells.
Dr. John Hall, Lord Bifliop of Bridol.
Dr. Edward Jones, Lord Bifhop of Si. Afaph.
Dr. Tames Gardner, Lord Bifhop cf Lincoln.
Dr. John Williams, Lord Bifliop of Chichefter.
Dr. William Talbot, Lord Bifliop of Oxford.

217

HOUSE of COMMONS.

Bedfordftiire, 4.
THE Right Honourable
Lord Edward.Ruffel.
Sir William Goftwick Kt.
and Bar. Town of Bedford.
* Samuel Role Efq; '
William Spencer Efq;

Berks, $>.
Sir Humphrey Forder Ban
Richard Nevill Efq;
Borough of New- Windfor.
The Right Honourable John Lord
Vifcount Ficzharding.
Richard Topham Efq;
Borough of Reading;
Sir Owen Buckingham Kt.
F f * Fran-

2l8

A True L I S T of the

* Francis Knollys Efq;
Borough of Wallingford.
* William Jennens Efq;
* Thomas Benda Efq;
Borough 0/ Abingdon.
Simon Harcourt Efq;
Bucks, 14.
The Honourable Goodwin
Wharton Efq; ,
The Right Honourable William
Ld. Cheyne, Vifc. Newha-
ven. Town of Buckingham.
Sir Richard Temple Bar.
Sir Edmund Denton Bar.
Borough of Chipping-Wi-
comb.
Charles Godfrey Efq;
* Fleetwood Dormer Efq;
Borough of Ailesbury.
* Sir Thomas Lee Bar.
The Honourable James Her
bert Efq;
Borough of Agmbndefham.
Sir Samuel Gerrard Bar.
Borough of Wendover.
John Backwell Efq;
* Richard Hampden Efq;
Bmugh of Great-Marlow.
Sir James Etheridge Kt.
James Chafe Efq;

Cambridgefhire,

6.

Vie Rt. Hon. John Lord Cutts
Baron of Goran.
Sir Rufhcut Cullen Bar.
"Univerfity of Cambridge.
The Hon. Henry Boyle Ejq;
Anthony Hammond Efq;
Town of Cambridge.
Sir John Cotton Bar.
Sir Henry Pickering Bar.

Chefhire, 4. ,
Sir John Manwaring Bar.
Sir Robert Coccon Kt. raid
Bar. City of Chefler.
* Sir Henry Bunbury Bar.
Pecer Shakerley Efq;
Cornwall, 44.
The Right Honourable Hugh
Bofcawen Efq;
John Speccoc Efq-,
Borough of Dunhivid, alias
Launcedon.
The Right Honourable Henry
Lord Hyde.
William Cary Efq;
Borough of Leskard.
William Bridges Efq; j
Henry Dare II Efq;
Borough of Leftwichiel.
* Sir John Molefworch Kt.
' foBar.
* John Buller jun. Efq;
Borough of Truro.
Sh- J. Hawles Kt.
Henry Vincent Efq;
Borough of Bodmin.
The Hon. Ruffel Robarts Efq;
John Hoblyn Efq;
Borough o/Heldon.
Charles Godolphin Efq;
Sidney Godolphin Efq;
Borough of Saltalh.
James Buller Efq;
Alexander Pendarves Efq;
Borough of Camelford.
Henry Manaton Efq; .
Dennis Glyn Efq ;
Borough of Portpigham, alias
Wedlow. ,
James Kendall Efq;
John Mountfteven Efq;
Borough of Grampound,
Sir William Scawen Kt.
Francis Scobell Efq; Borough

Lords and Commons, Anno 1 7 o r . 219

1 Borough of Eaftlow.
* The Honourable Francis Go
dolphin Efq;
Sir Henry Seymour Bar.
Borough of Penryn.
Samuel Trefufis. Efq;
Alexander Pendarves Efq;
Borough of Tregony.
Francis Robarcs Efq;
Hugh Forcefcue Efq;
Borough of Bolfiney.
Tbe Hon. Francis RobartsE/5;
John Tregagle Efq;
Borough of Sc. Ives.
James Praed Efq;
* Benjamin Overran Efq-,
Borough of Foway.
* John Williams Efq;
The Won." John Granvill Efq;
Borough of S:. German.
tfHenry Flemming Efq;
Borough of St. Michael.
* William Beaw, Dr. of Laws.
Sir R. Vivian Kt.
Borough of New-pore.
Francis Scradord Efq;
* John Prideaux Efq;
Borough of St. Mawes.
Sir Jofeph Tredenham Kt.
John Tredenham Efq;
Borough o/Callingcon.
Sir William Corycon Bar.
* Robert Rolle Efq;
Cumberland, 6.
* Richard Mufgrave Efq;
* Jeffrey Lawfon Efq;
City of Cariifle.
Philip Howard Efq-,
James Lowther Efq;
Borough o/Cockermouch.
William Seymour Efq ;
George Fletcher Efq ;
Derbyihire, 4.
The Right Honourable William
Lord Marquis of Harting-
f°ft '

* The Right Honourable John
Lord Roos.
Toioti of Derby.
* The Honourable James Ca
vendifh Efq;
* Sir Charles Pye Bar.
Devonfhire, 16.
* William Courtenay Efq;
Samuell Roll Efq;
City of Exeter.
Sir Edward Seymour Bar.
Sir Bartholomew Shower,
Kt. Borough of Totnefs.
Francis Gwyn Efq;
Thomas Coulfon Efq ;
Borough o/Plimouch.
The Hon. Cha. Trelawny Efq;
The Hon. Henry Trelawny Efq;
Town of Okehampcon.
William Harris Efq;
Thomas Norchmore Efq;
Borough of Barnftaple.
Nicholas Hooper Serjeant at
Law.
Arthur CompneyS Efq;
Borough o/Plympcon.
Courcney Croker Efq;
Marcin Rider Efq;
Borough o/Honicon.
Sir William Drake Kt. fo
Bar.
Sir Walcer Yonge Bar.
Borough o/Taviftock.
The Right Honourable Lord
Edward Ruffel.
The Right Honourable Lord
Robert Ruffel.
Borough o/Afhburton.
William Scawell Efq;
Richard Duke jun. Ejqy
Borough of Clifton, Darmouth.,
and Hardnes.
Frederick Heme Efq;
* Nathaniel Heme Efq;
Borough o/'Boraldon.
f f 2 Willianj

220

A True LIST ofthe

William Cooper Efq;
* Peter King Efq;
Borough of "Tiverton. »
Tbe Hon. Charles Spencer Efq;
-Thomas Bere Efq;
Dorfetfhire, 20-
Thomas Strange ways Efq;
Thomas Freke Efq;
Town 0/ Poole.
Sir William Phippard Kt.
William Jolliffe Efq;
Borough o/Doreheder.
Nathaniel Napier Efq;
Thomas Trenchard Efq;
Borough o/Lyme-Regis.
Robert Henley Efq;
* Jofeph Paice Merchant.
Borough of Weymouth.
* The Hon. Hen. Thyne Efq;
* Charles Churchill Efq;
Borough o/Melcomb-Regis.
* Tbe .flon.Maurice Afhley Efq;
Michael Harvey Efq;
¦ Borough of Bridport.
Alexander Pitfield Efq;
* William Guidon Efq;
Borough o/Shafton, alias
Shafcsbury.
Edward Nicholas Efq;
Thomas Charm Efq-,.<
Borough 0/ Wareham.
George Pitt Efq-,
Borough o/Corfe-Caftle.
John Banks Efqy
Richard Fov/nes Efq;
Durham, 4.
* William Lambton Efq;
Lyonel Vane Efq;
¦ City of ¦ Durham.
The Honourable Charles Mon
tagu Efq;
Thomas Conyers Efq;

ElTex, 8.
Sir Charles Barrington Bar.
* Sir Francis Mafham Bar.
Borough of Colchefter.
Sir Thomas Cooke Kt.
Sir Ifaac Rebow Kt.
Borough of Maiden.
Irby Moncague Efq;
* William Fytche Efq;
Borough of Harwich.
Sir Thomas Davall Kt.
* Dennis Lyddell Efq;
Glocefterfhire, 8.
John How Efq;
Sir Richard Cocks Bar,
City of Gloucefter.
William Selwin Efq;
* John Bridgman£/y;
Borough of Cirencefter.
* James Thynn Efq; ,
Charles Coxe Efq;
Borough of Tewkesbury.
Richard Dowdefweil Efq;
* Edmund Bray Efq;
Herefordfhire, 8.
Sir John Williams Kt.
Henry Gorges Efq;
City 0/ Hereford.
Thomas Foley Efq;
The Hon. James Bruges Efq;
Borough of Lempfter. •
The Right Hon. Thomas Lord
Coningsby.
Edward Harley Efq;
Borough of Weobly.
Henry Cornwall Efq; '
John Birch Efq;
Hertfordfhire, 6.
Ralph Freeman jun. Efq;
Thomas Halfey Efq; Borough

Lords and Commons, Anno 1701.
Borough o/Wigan.
Sir Roger Bradfhaigh Bar.
Orlando Bridgmari Efq;
Borough of Clithero.
Thomas Scringer Efq;
Chriftopher Lifter Efq;
Borough of Liverpoole.
Sir William Norris Kt.
William Claycon Efq;-

231

Birough of St. Albans.
George Churcill Efq-,
* Cape, Efq;
Borough of Hertford.
* Charles Ceafar Efq;
Gulfon Efq;
Huntingtonfhire, 4.
John Dryden Efq;
ohn Proby Efq;
Borough of Huntington.
*The Hon. Charles Boyle Efq;
Francis Worftley Efq;

Kent,

10.

"'Sir Thomas Hales Bar.
* Thomas Meredich Efq;
City of Canterbury.
George Sayer Efq;
Henry Lee Efq;
City 0/ Rochefter.
The Right Honourable Sir Jo-
feph Williamfon Kt.
Sir Clowdefley Shovel Kt.
, Borough of Maidftone.
•Sfr Roberc Marfham Kt. and
.- Bar.
Thomas BlifLE/^
'Borough of Queenborough.
Roberc Crawford Efi;
Thomas King Efq;
Lancafliire, 14.
Vie Hon. James Scanty Efq;
^RicharcfBoldf/ft'Borough of Preflon niAmoun-
demefs.
* Edward Rigby Efq;
Benry Afhfiurd Efq:,
Borough of Lancafler.
Robert Heyfham Efij;
Roger Kirkby Efq;
Borough o/Newton.-
Thomas Legh £/j-,
Thomas Brotherton Efq;

Leiceiterfhire, 4.
The Hon. John Verney Efq;
John Wilkins Efq;
Town of Leicefter.
Sir William Villiers Bar.
Laurence Carter jun. Efq;
Lincolnfliire, 12.
TheHon.Charles DymockeEfq;
Sir John Thorold B<*r.
City of Lincoln.
Sir John Bolles Bar.
* Sir Thomas Meres Kt.
Borough of Bofton.
Edmund Boulter Efq-,
* Sir William York Kt.
Borough of Great Grimsby.
Thomas Vyner Ejq;
Town o/Sramford.
The Hon. William Cecill Efq;
The Hon. Gharles Bertie E/#
Borough of Grantham.
*The Hon. Thomas Bapcift
Maners Efq;
Sir William Ellis Bar.
Middlefex, 8.
* Hugh Smichfon Efq;
Warwick Lake Efq;
City of Weftminfler.
The Rt. Hon. James Vernon
' £fo „ ,
* Thomas Croffe Efq;
City of London.
Sir Roberc Clayton Kt. Sir

222

A True LIST ofthe

Sir WuliamAlhurftift.
* William Withers Kt.
Sir John Fleet, Kt.
Monmouthfhire, 3.
*John Morgan Efq;
Sir John Williams Bar.
Borough of Monmouth.
* John Morgan Ejq;
Norfolk, 12.
* Roger Townfhend Efq;
Sir Jacob Aftley Kt. and Bar.
City of Norwich.
Robert Davey Efq;
Thomas Blofeild Efq;
Town of Lyn-Regis.
Sir John Turner. Kt.
Sir Charles Turner Kt.
Town 0/ Great- Yarmouth.
George England Efq;
* Samuel Fuller Efq;
Borough of Thetford.
* Edmund Soame Efq;
Borough of Cadlerifing.
Robert Walpole Efq;

Northarnptonfhire, 9.
Sir Judinian Ifham Bay.
John Parkhurd Ejq;
City of Peterborough.
The Hon. Sidney Wortley alias
Mountague Efq;
* Gilbert Dolben Efq;
Town of Northampton.
The Hon. Chridopher Monta
gue Efq;
Thomas Andrews Efq;
Town o/Brackley,
The Hon. Charles Egereon Efq;
* The Hon. Harry Mordant Ejq;

Borough o/Higham-Ferrars.
Thomas Ekins Efq;
Northumberland, 8.
* Ferdinand Forder Efq-,
William Howard Efq;
Town o/Newcadle upon Tyne.
William Carr, Efq;
* Sir Henry Liddell Bar.
Borough 0/ Morpeth.
Sir Henry Belafyfe Kt.
Town of Berwick upon Tweed,
The Hon. Ralph Grey Efq;
Samuel Ogle Efq;
Nottinghamfhire, 8.
Sir Thomas Willoughby Bar,
Gervas Eyre Ejq;
Town of Nottingham. •
William Pierrepoint Efq;
* George Gregory Efq;
Borough of Ead-Retford.
John Thornhagh Efq ;
Sir V/illougby Hiy.kman Efq;
Town 0/ Newark upon Trent,
John Ra'yner Efq;.
* Sir George Markham Bar.
Oxon, 9.
Sir Roberc Jenkinfon Bar.
Sir Edward Norreys Kt.
"Univerfity of Oxon.
* The Hon., Heneage Finch,'
William Bromley Efq;
City of Oxon.
Thomas Rowney Efq;
* Francis Norreys Efq;
Borough o/New-Woodftoefc, ,
The Hon. James Berde Efq; *'¦-
Sir Thomas Licdeton Bar, ,
Borough of Banbury.
* The Hon, Charles North Efq-,
Rue-

Lords and Commons, Anno 1701

223

Rutlandfhire, 2.
*Sk Thomas Mackwordi
Bar.
Richard Halford Efq;

Salop,

12.

* Sk Humphry Briggs Bar.
Roberc Lloyd Efq;
Town of Salop.
John Kynadon Efq;
Richard Mitton£/ift
Borough ofBrnges,alias Bridg-
north.
Sk Edward Acton Bar.
Roger Pope Jun. Efq;
Burrough of Ludlow.
* Sir Thomas Powys.
^William Gower Efq;
i Borough o/Greac-Wenlock.
Sir William Foreder Kt.
George Weld Efq;
Town of Bifhop's- Cadle.
Charles Mafon Efq;
* George Walcocc Efq;
5 Somerfetfhire, 18.
* Sir John Trevelyan Bar.
John Hunc Efq;
City of Brittol.
* Sir William Daines Kt.
Roberc Yace Efq;
City of Bach.
^VilliamBlachwayt Efq;
Alexander Popham Efq;
City of Wells.
William Coward Serjeant at
Law'.
Jlenry Portman Efq;
Borough of Taunton.
Sir Fr. War Kt.
Edward Clarke Efq-,
,' Borough of Bridgewater.
* John Gilbert Efq;
* George Balch Efq;

Borough of Minehead.
Alexander Lutcerell Efq-,
Sir Jacob Banks Kt.
Borough of Uceder.
*Sir Philip Sydenham Bar.
* James Andercon Efq;
Borough of Milburn-Port.
Sir Thomas Travell Kt.
* Sir Richard Newman Bar.
Southampton, 2c>.
Thomas Jervoife Efq-,
* Richard Chaundler Efq;
City of Wincheder.
The Rt. Hon. the Lord Wil
liam Pawlec.
^George Rodney BridgesEfq;
Town 0/ Southampton.
Roger Mompeffon Efq;
* Micford Crow Merchant.
Town ofi Porcfrnouch.
Thomas Erie Efq;
Sir George Rooke Kt.
Borough 0/ Yarmouth.
Henry Holmes Efq;
Anthony Morgan Efq;
Borough o/Petersneld.
* Ralph Bucknal Efq;
* Richard Marks Efq;
Borough o/Newport, alias
Medena.
Greenhill Efq;
Borough of Scockbridge.'
Anthony Sturt Efq;
John Pices Efq;
Borough of Newtown.
James Worfeley Efq;
Thomas Hopfon Efq;
Borough of Chrid-Church.
The Rt. Hon. Edward Vifcount
Cornbury.
William Etcricke Efq;
Borough of Lymingcon.
Thomas Dore Efq;
*PaulBurrard£/ft
i Borough

224

A True LIST ofthe

Borough of Whitchurch.
The Rt. Hon. Lord James Ruf
fel.
Richard Wooladon Efq;
Borough of Andover.
The Rt. Hon. John Smith Efq;
Staffordfhire, 10.
The Hon. Henry Pagett Efq;
Edward Bagott Efq;
City of Licchfield.
Richard Dyocc Efq;
* William Walmifley Efq;
Borough o/Scafford.
* John Checwynd Efq;
Thomas Foley Jun, Efq;
Borough of Newcadle under
Line.
Sir John Levefon GowerBar.
Rowland Coceon Efq;
Borough o/Tamworch.
Sir Henry Gouge Kt.
Thomas Guy Efq;
Suffolk, 16.
Sir Samuel Barnardidon Bar.
The Right Hon. Lyonell Earl
o/Dyferc. Borough of Ipfwich.
* Jofeph Marcin Efq;
* Sir Charles Duncomb Kt.
Borough of Dunwich.
Sir Charles Blois Bart
* Roberc Kemp Efq;
Borough of Orford.
Sir Edmond Bacon Bar.
* Sir Edward Turner Kt.
Borough of Aldborough.
¦Sir Henry Johnfon Kt .
William Johnfon Efq;
Borough of Sudbury.
Sir Gervas Elves Bar.
* Sir John Cordell Bar.
Borough of Eye.
The Hon. Spencer Compcon

Sir Jofeph Jekyll Kt.
Borough of St. Edmondsbury.
Sir Roberc Daver's Bar.
John Hervey Efq,
Surrey, 14.'
Sir Richard Onflow Bar.
John Wedon Efq;
Borough of Souchwark.- ¦' ¦
Charles Cox Efq;
John Cholmley Efq-,
Borough o/Blechingly.
* Sir Edward Grefham&ov
* John Ward Efq-,
Borough of Ryegace.
* Sir John Parfons Kt.
Stephen Harvey EjTr
Borough of Guilford.
Morgan Randyll Efy;
* Denzill Onflow Efq;
Borough o/Gaccon.
Thomas Turgis Efq;
The Hon. Maurice Thompfon
Efq; Borough of Haflemere.
Sir Theophilus Oglechorpe
Kt.
* George Woodroffe Efq;
Suflex, 20.
* The Hon. Henry Lumley Efq;
John Miller Efq-,
City of Chicheder.
* Sir Thomas May Kt.
* William Elfon Efq;
Borough of Horfham.
Henry Yaces Efq;
* Henry Cowper Efq;
Borough o/Midhurft.-
John Lewknor Efq;
* Lawrence Alcock Efq;
Borough of Lewes'.
Thomas Pelhatti Efq;
* Sir Thomas Trevor Kt.
Borough of New Shoreharn.
Charles Sergifon Efq; Borcugh

Lords and Commons, Anno 1701. 225

Borough of Bramber.
* Thomas Owen Efq;
Borough of Steyning.
Goring Efq;
Sir Edward Hungerford Kt.
ofthe Bath.
Borough o/Eaft-Grinfted.
Jphn Conyers E<q $
* Matthew Pryor Efq; *
Borough o/Arundel.
John Crooke Efq;
*. Edmund Dummer Efq;
Warwickshire, 6.
Sir John Mard unt Bur.
Sir Charles Shuckburgh Bar.
City of Covencry.
iSir Chriftopher Hales Bar.
f*Thomas Hopkins Efq;
'-. Borough of Warwick,
The Honourable Francis Gre-
vile£/?i_
Sir Thomas Wagftaffe Kt.
I Weftmorland, 4.
* Henry Grahame Efq-,
Sir Chriftopher Mufg^ave
Kt. and Bar.
Borough of Apulby.
Gervas PierpDinc Efq-,
* Wharcon Danch Efq; ¦
;"Wilt(hire, 34.
Sir George Hungerford Kt.
[* Richard How Ef,
t City o/New-Sarum.
; Robert-Eyre Efq;
* Sir Tho. Mompeflion Kt...
' Borough of Wilton.
John Gauntlett Efq;
* Thomas Phipps Efq;
•- Borough o/Downecon.
John Eyre Efq;
garew Rawleigh Efq;

Borough, of Hindoo.
Sir James Howe Bar.
Reynalds Calchorp Efq;
Borough of Heytesbury.
William Afhe Efq;
Edward Afhe Efq;
Borough of Weflbury.
The Hon. Roberc Bercie Efq;
Richard Lewis Efq-,
Borough of Calne.
* Walter Long Efq;
* Walcer Hungerford Efq-,
Borough of Devizes.
Sir Francis Child Kt.
* Francis Merewecher Efq;
Borough of Chippenham."
* The Right Hon. John Lord
Mordaunc
Walcer Whice Efq;
Borough o/Malmesbury.
Edward Pauncefort Efq-,
Borough of Cricklade.
* Edmund Dunch Efq;
Sir Scephen Fox Kf . '
Borough 0/ Great-Bed Win.
Francis Stonehoufer£%
Charles Davenane Dr. of
Laws: Borough of Lurgerftiall.
* Edmund Webb Efq;
John Webb Efq;
Borough of Old-Sarum.
William Harvey Efq;
Charles Mompeffon Efq;
Borough of Wootcen-Baffer.
""Henry Sc. John Jun.Efq;
Henry Pinnell Efq;
Borough o/Marleborough.
The Rt. Hon. Richard Earl of
Ranelagh.
* John Jeffreys Efq-,
Worcefterfhire, 9.
William Walfh Efq;
Sir John Packingron Bar.
City of Wo'rcefler.
* Thomas Wylde Efq;
G g Samuej

226

A True LIST or" the

Samuel Swift Efq;
Borough of Droitwich.
Philip, Foley Efq;
Charles Cocks Efq;
Borough of 'Evefham.
* Sir James Rufhouc Bar.
John Rndge Efq,.
Borough of Bewdly,
Salwey Winnirtgcon Efq;
Yorklhire, 30.
The Right Hon. Thomas .Lord
Fairfax.,
* Sir John .Kay Bar.
., , CityqfYork.
Sir William Rohinfon Bar.
* Edward Thompfon Efq; ,
Town qf Kingfton upon Hull.
Sir William Sc. Quincin Bar.
* William Maifters Efq;
Borough o/Kna-resborough.
Robert Byerj£y,£/^
Chriftopher; Scockdale Efq;
Borough of Scarborough. .
The Rt. Hon. Arthur Vifcount
rr$^yri.I.\. ..'„
Sir Charle's Hbtham Bar.
'¦Jty.W&fi of Rippon. ,
JoK'n Aiflaby -Efq; ¦
Jonachan Jennings Efq;
Bnrmgh o/Richrnohd.
Thomas .Yorke Efq;
James Darcy Efq-, ,
Borough o/Heydon.
* Sir Roberc.Bedingfeildift-.
Anthony rjuhcomb Efq;
Borough o/Boroughbrigg.
Tfj'e Re... Hon. Sir Henry
Goodrich" Kt. and Bar.
Sir Bryan Staplyton Bar.
Borough of Malton.
* Sit William Scrickland Bar.
William Palmes Efq-,
Borough of Thirsk.
Sir Godfrey Copley Bar.
Sir Thomas Frankland Bar.

Borough 0/ Alborough.
* Robert Monckfon Efq;
* Cyrill Archington Efq;
Borough of .Beverly. '
• Sir Michael Wfiafton Kt.
' Ralph Wharcon Efq-,
Borough ¦ of North- Allerton.
Sir William Huftler Kt.
Ralph Milbank Efq>
Borotigh o/Pohcefract.
Sir John Bland Bar.
John Bright Efq-,

BARONS ofthe
Cinque-Ports, (16.)
Port o/Haftings. ._
John Pulceney Efq,
Pecer Gocc Efq;. ,
To^wo/Winchelfea.

Town of Rye.
Sir Robert Aiiden Bar.
' Jofeph OfRey Efq;
Town o/New-Rumney. ,
Sir Charles Sedley Bar.
John Brewer Efq;
Port of Byeth.
Sir Philip Eoteler Bar.
; * John Boceler Efq;
Port of 'Dover.
*The Right Hon. Sir Charles
Hedges Kt.
Macchew Alymer Efq;
' Port of Sandwich.
Micchell Efq,
John Taylor Efq; ,
Port o/Seaford.
Sir William Thomas Bar.
William Lowndes Efq;

WALES1

Lords and Commons, Anno 1 70 1. 227

WALES, 24.
Anglefey, 2.
1 'he Right Honourable Richard
Lord Vifcount Bulkeley.
Borough of Beaumaris.
* Coningsby Williams Efq;
Brecon, 2.
Sir Rowland Gwynne Kt.
Town of Brecon.
*Sir Jeffrey Jeffreys Kt.
Cardigan, 2.
Town o/Cardigan.

Carmarthen, 2.
Sir Rice Rudd Bar.
Town of Carmarthen.
Richard Vaughan Efq;
, Carnarvan, 2.
The Hon. Tho. Bulkeley Efq;
Town of Carnarvan.
Sir John Wynne Kt.cmdBar.
Denbigh, 2.
Sir Richard Middlecon Bar.
Town of Denbigh.
Edward Brereeon Efq;

Flint, 2.
Sir John ConWay Bar.
Town o/Flinc.
Thomas Modyn Efq;
Glamorgan, 2.
Town of Cardiffe.
Sir Edward Srradling Ban
Merioneth, 1.
Hugh Nanney Efq;
Montgomery, 2.
Edward Vaughan Efq;
Town of Moncgomery.
* John Vaughan Efq-,
Pembroke, 3.
Sir Archur Owen Bar.
Town 0/ Haverford- Weft.
* William Wheeler Efq-,
Town of Pembroke.
Sir John Philips Bar.
Radnor, 2.
Thomas Harley Efq;
Town 0/ New-Radnor.
The Hon. Roberc Harley Efq;
Speaker.

Lords 187.
Commons 5 1 3*

G o-

Lords

Missing Page

Missing Page

230

A Lift of the Royal Navy,

At Sheernefs.
Clerk of the Checque, Richard Hale.
Store-Keeper, Roger Daniel.
Mafter Attendant, Henry Morgan.
Mafter Shipwright, John Bond.
Clerk of the Survey, John Phillips.
At Plimouth.
Clerk of the Checque, John Addis.
Store-Keeper, Tempefl Holmes.
Mafter Shipwright, Thomas Podd.
Mader Attendant, Thomas Stollard.
Clerk of the Survey, Richard Lea.

A Lift of the Royal Navy.

Firft Rates.

ST. Andrew.
Britannia.
London.Queen.
Victory.Royal William. 780 100
Royal Sovereign. 780 ixo

Men. Guns.
730 100
780 100
730 100
780 100
730 100

Second Rates.

Albermarle.
Affocian.Barfleur.Duke.
Dutchefs.St. George.
St. Michael.
Namur.Neptune.Offory.
Vantguard. Royal Catherine.
Sandwich. Triumph.

660 90
660 90
660 90
660 90
660 90
660 90
584 8<5
660 90
660 90
660 90
660 90
584 8-5
660 90
660 90

Third Rates.

Bedford.
Berwick.Burford.Breda. New.
Boyn.
Cambridge.Captain.
Chicheder.Content.Cornwall.Cumberland.
Defiance.Devonfliire. Dorfetfhire.Eagle. Edgar.Elizabedi.
Effex.Expedition.Grafton. Hampcon Court.
Humber. Ipfwich.
Kent.

Men. Guns.
445 7o
445 7o.
445 70
445 7o
490 80
490 80
445 70
490 80
445 70
490 80
490 80
460 64
490 80
490 80
445 7»|
440 70
445 70
445 70
445 70
445 7°
445 70
490 80
445 70
445 70
Lancafter

A Lift ofthe Royal Navy
Men. Guns. ,
Lancafler. 490 80
Lenox. r 445 70
Monmouth. 400 64
Naffau. 445 70
Newark. 490 80

Northumberland. 4.15 70
Norfolk. Orford. Refolution. Redaurati:n. Revenge. Nen
Royal Oak.
Rupert.Ranelaugh. Ruffel.
; Somerfet.Sterling Cadle,
Suffolk.

Swiftfure.Shrewsbury.Torbay. WarfprighcYarmoudi.

490 80
445 7o
400 66
445 ~c
445 ?o
456 72
4^0 64
490 80
490 80
490 80
44? 7°
44? 7o
445 7°
490 80
490 80
400 64

Fourth Rates

Advice.
Anglefey.lAffidance.Bonadventure. Bridol.Burlington.Black-wall.
Canterbury.Centurion. New.
Chatham.^olcheder.Coventry.Crown.Cheder.Cariifle. New.Loft.
Dartmouth.Deptford.Dover. Dragon.
Dreadnaught. Dunkirk.

445

7°

tes. 226

50

226

50

229

50

226

50

226

50

226

50

226

50

356

60

226

50

274

54

226

50

226

5°

226

50

226

5°

240

56

226

5o

274

54

226

5o

226

5o

356

62

355

60

Exeeer.
' Falmouch. Fcrefighc. Loft.
Falkland.
[ Gloeeder.
Greenwich.
, Gernfey.
! Hampfhire. New.
Harwich.
1 Jerfey.
I Mngs-fifher.
| Kingdcne.
' T ~ I
I Lir-;o;n.
Lichfield.
Lion. Loft
Mary.Medway.
Monk. Mouncague. Newcafile.-Nonfuch. New.
Norwich. Oxford.
Pembroke.Pendenm's.
Plimouch.Pordand. New.
Referve. Rumny.Rochefter.Ruby.
Salisbury.Souchampcon.Severn.Sunderland.
Tilbury. Tridenc.
Tyger. Warwick.Weymouch.
Wincheder. Windfor. Woolwich.Worceder. York.

Men. Guns.
356 60
226 50
230 50
225 50
356 60
2 74 54
226 50
226 50
226 50
22(5 50
22r5 ^O
35^ 60
226 50
22(5 50
230 50
35^ 60
35<5 60
35* 60
355 60
250 50
226 50
226 50
274 54
35<5 60
226 50
356 60
226 50
225 50
226 50
22l5 50
226 JO
22(5 50
226 50
35l5 60
356 60
226 50
274 54
226 50
226 50
226 50
226 50
225 50
22(5 $0
226 50
356 CO

Fifth

231

332

A Lift of 'the Royal Navy.

Fifth Rates.

Adventure.
Arundel.
Beccy.
Bedford Galley.
Bridgewater.Charles Galley.
Dolphin.
Experiment. Feverlham.
Fowey.Gafporc.
Hadings.
Lime.
Kinfale.
Ladoff. Loo.
Xudlow. Lynn.
. Mary Gaily.
Mermaid.
Milford. New.
Pool.
Roe-Buck.
Rye,Sheemefs.
Soldadies Prize,
Sir*? ham.
Screiir->
Speedwell.Scarborough.South-Sea Cadle.
Terrible,
Thunderbolt. Wiuchejfea.

Men. Guns,
180 42

i?5
' 13.S
ip
180
135 135
*35
135
135.
"35135135135
135
135 '35
'35 135135
135
135
13s 135'35x35
!35 135
130135
130 ?35

Sixth Rates
Lofl.

Biddiford.
Dunwich. beal-Gaftle. Eilex--Prize.
Flamborough. Gernon Prize,
Margate.

45,
110
no 70
no
lofl. 40
110

32
32J»
32
42 32
32
.32 32
3232
32
32 32
3232
32
32
32
32
32
32
323232
S2 32
32
32
303230
32

Lark, Sold.
Lizard.
Maidftone". Perigrine-Galley,
Rupert Prize.
Sea-Horfe.
Solebay.Swan.
Sun-Prize.Seaford.

.Men.Gms, 44
no

110 507°
no
nono 70
no

Firefhips,
Fire-brand.Griffin.
Hawk.Hunter.Lightning.
Phasnix.
Strombolo.Vefuvius.Vulture.Vulcan.

45
45 45
'45 45
45
-45 45 45
45

2421$
2<S
20 16
26262'6 1626

88
8 8
8
88
8 8
8

4550 '
40

18
26
26

24
26

Advice-Boats,
Exprefs.
Eagle.
Meffenger. Yatchs.
Charlott, 25
Fubtbs. 30 •
Henrietta. 25
Ifabella. 26,
Mary. 25
Katherine.' 25
Soesdike. 35
William, and Mary. 40

ii 10; \
8'
12 s
8

Brigantines.
Djfpatch.
Intelligence.
Diligence.
16 j Podboy.
2$ Difcoyery.
1 Fly. spy.

Sloops.1*

His Majeftys Standing Forces.- 233:
Wplf. Hound.Otter.Blackwell-Hall.

Sloops.

St, Antonio. 20 6
Bonetta. 35 6
Merlin. g$ 6
Prohibition. 35 6
Shark. • 35 6
Swift. 35 6
Swallow. Loft. 35 6

Storefhips.
Canterbury.Suffolk Hagboat,

35

6

35

a

35

a

35

a

35

8

50

10

His M/tjefty's Standing Forces.
T-'HE firft Troop of Horfe Guards, in all 181. Corti-
I manded by the D. of Qrmond.
rhe Second Troop of Horfe-Guards, in all 181, Com-
hianded by Eari Rivers.
"The Third Troop of Horfe Guards, in all' 181. Com-*
maaded by the Earl of Alhermarle.
The ffoop of Granadler Guards, in .all 175. Com
manded by George Cholmley Eftj;
1 The Royal Regiment of Horfe, commonly call'd che
Oxford Regimene, in all 390. Col. Earl of Oxford.
I The Regimene of Horfe, in all 390. Col, Henry Lum-
fley, E%
I A Regimene of Horfe , in all 248. Col. Cornelius
Wood Efq;
f' A Regimene of Horfe, in all 248. Col. Earl of Art an.-
Y -A Regimene of Horfe, in all 248. Col. Hugh Wind-
bam Efq-,
. A Regimene of Horfe, in all 248. Col. the Duke of
tSchonberg. A Regiment of Horfe, in all 248. Col. the Earl of
iacclesfield. A Regiment of Dragoons, in aH 283. Col. the Lord
fRaby;f. A Regiment of Dragoons, in all 283. Col. William
'Loyd Efq;
L A Regiment of Dragoons, in all 283. Col. the Earl of
.Effex.
I"" The Firft Regiment of Foqt-Guards, in all 13.83. Col.
the Earl of Rumney.'
The Second Regiment of Foot-Guards, in all 694,
Col. che " Lord Ctftt-r.
'<¦ 1 A Regimene of Foot, in all 445. Col. William Sel-
-tiWiEfq; Hh A

234 Great Officers of the Crown.
A.dftegiment of Fooc, in all 445. Colonel Charles-
Churchill Efq;
A Regimene of Fooc, in all 445. Col. Henry Tre
lawny Efq;

Great Officers of the Crown.
SIR Nathan Wright, Lord Keeper of the Great Sea)
of England.
Thomas Earl of Pembrook. and Montgomery, Lord Pre-
dene of che Council ,
Ford Earl of Tankervile, Lord Privy Seal.
Robert Earl of Lindfey, Lord Greac Chamberlain of
England. Henry Duke of Norfolk,, Earl Marital of England. Dec.
William. Duke of Devonfliire, Lord Steward of the
King's Hbufhold.
Edward Earl of Jerfey, Lord Chamberlain of the
Hbufhold". Francis Earl of Bradford, Treafurerof the Houfhold.
Thomas Lord Wharton Comptroller of che Houfhold.
Henry de Naffau Seigneur D Auverquerque, Mafter of the
Horfe., " Lords of the Treafury.
Sidney Lord Godolphin.
Sir Stephen Fox, Kt.
The Honourable Henry Boyle Efq; Chancellor of the
Exchequer. Richard Hill Efq;'
Thomas Pelham Efq;
William Lowndes Efq; Secretary.
, Judges of the King's Bench,
Sir John Holt, Lord Chief Judice.
Sir John Turton.
Sir Harry Gould.
Sir Littleton Powk.
Judges of the Common-Pleas.
Sir Edward Nevill.
Sir John Powell.
Sir John Blemew. Barons

Great Officeers ef the Crown. 2 3$
. Barons of the Exchequer.
Sir Edward Ward Lord Chief Baron.
Sir Henry Hatfell.
Sir Tracy,
Sir Bury.
Commijjloners of the Cuftoms,
Charles Godolphin Efq;
Sir Walter Toung.
Samuel Clark Efq;
Be ;j -«« Overton Efq;
Aow* #efl/y Efq;
Sir William St.Quint'm.
Newport Efq;
Commijjloners of the Excifet
Onflow Efq;
WMwm F/e*in£ Efq;
John Smith Efq;
Philip Meadows Efq;
peorge Townfend Efq ;
Srron^ Efq;
Cor* Efq;
Parry Efq;
- *>*/ Efq;
Secretary George Toilet Efq;
Governour s of the Poft-Office.
Sir Kofotf Corfon Kc.
Sir 7&o. Frankland Bar.
Commijjloners ofthe Stamp-Office.
Wohn Stanley Efo-
Kdward Loyd E(q;
Henry Cormfl Efq;
/ferny #<or» Efq;
Jacob Vander Efq;
^vwrej Ifaackfon Efta
Col. Faringdon,
Am-

2 36 Gretft Officers ef the Crown.
Amhdffadprs and Envoys Abroad.

At Vienna, Geo. Stepney Efq; -
'j Conftantinople, Lord Pagett.
«In Holland, Mr. Stanhope.
Sweden, Dr. John Robinfon.
( Lunenberg, James. Creffit Efq;
: fV«, Earl of Manchefler.
Switzerland, Monfieur Hervart. '
Florence, Sir Lambert Blackwell.
Governors Abroad.
Jamaica, Sir WiUiam Beefton.
Virginia, Francis Nicbolfon Efq;
Barbadoes, Ralph prey E(q;
Leeward Ifland, ^ol. Codrington.
Barmudm, Cape,

F I N I 5,

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