[Wordsworth, John]
The Oxford Critical Edition of the
Vulgate New Testament.
[Oxford] [1883]

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• ILfllBISiaiET «

From the
COLLECTION OF OXFORD BOOKS
made by
FALCONER MADAN
Bodley's Librarian

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THE
OXFORD CRITICAL EDITION
OF THE ^
VULGATE NEW TESTAMENT.

^iVS

THE OXFOED CEITICAL EDITION OF THE
VULGATE NEW TESTAMENT.
A cnmcAL edition of St, Jerome's revision of the Latin
version of the New Testament has long been required in the
interests both of Biblical study and of Latin scholarship. Not
withstanding the enormous number of Vulgate MSS, which
crowd our libraries, and tbe great labour bestowed upon the
text by generations of scholars, both before and since the
invention of printing, it is well known that there exists no
edition based upon a suiSciently wide examination of MS.
authorities, much less one that exhibits their variations with
accuracy and clearness. The earlier revisers, with the honour
able exception of Robert Stephens^ (1538-1540) and to some
extent of Lucas Brugensis, mostly refer to their authorities in
general terms, and so vaguely that their evidence is of little
value as an assistance to the judgment. The Benedictine
editors are, for the most part, equally reticent and disappointing.
Bentley's collections for a critical Graeco-Latin Testament
happily still exist, and are a noble monument of his labour
and genius. His plan was finely conceived, and, generally
speaking, on the right lines, but those who have examined his
papers carefully agree that he was not an accurate collator, and
that he was himself not satisfied with the result of his work
as a text for publication. Lachmann's Latin text (1843,
1850)^ as far as it represents the Vulgate, is based chiefly on
two codiceSj Amiatinus and Fuldensis, and on a faulty and
imperfect collation of the first and most important of them.
Tischendorf s little manual text (1864), though useful to the
student, has a very slight apparatus eriticus, and was obviously
' I have endeavoured to identify the MSS. used by Stephens, including some
cited by Erasmus, in Appendix I to No. i of my Old-Latin JBiblical Texts, con
taining the Gospel according to St. Matthew from the St. Germain MS. g, my G,
The MSS. used by Walker are described in Appendix II.

little more than the by-work of a life devoted mainly to Greek
MSS. His edition ofthe Codex Amiatinus (1850 and 1854),
which was corrected by a comparison with the independent
collation of Tregelles, is, notwithstanding some imperfections,
of great value as the basis for a critical edition, and naturally
forms the standard text with which an editor will collate other
MSS. The printing of the Codex Fuldensis by Ernest von
Ranke (1868) also makes accessible a manuscript only second
in importance to the Codex Amiatinus.
Under these circumstances the Delegates of the Oxford
University Press, acting upon the representation of several
distinguished theologians, undertook, about the year 1877—78,
to produce a critical edition, and were good enough to entrust
the editorship of it to me. The general plan of the work has
been formed with the assistance of Dr, B, P, Westcott, Regius
Professor of Divinity of the University of Cambridge, whose
article on the Vulgate in Smith's Dictionary of the Bible (vol,
iii, pp, 1688-1718, 1863) is acknowledged to be the most
useful treatise on the subject, especially in matters relating
to textual criticism.
The first and main object of this edition is naturally to
restore the text of St, Jerome's revision as far as possible,
and to give students the means of controlling the editor's
judgment by an exhibition of the variations of the best MSS,
It is, however, difficult to draw a line sharply between vul-
gate MSS, and others of a mixed character, St, Jerome's
work in the New Testament was, it must be remembered,
wholly one of revisioUj not of retranslation, and was work of
rather an uncertain character. We know that he revised the
Gospels at the request of Pope Damasus in a,d, 383, and
he tells us something of the principles which guided him :
but as to the other books, we can only infer the bare fact
that he revised them from inscriptions in MSS. and the
language of his letters {e.g. writing to St, Augustine, Epist.
cxii. ao, he says, ' Si me ut dicis in Novi Testamenti emen-
datione suscipis . . . .' Cp. the verses on fol. iv of the Codex
Amiatinus, ed, Tischendorf, p. xvi). The use of the old
versions went on for several centuries side by side with his
revision, and even when they were nominally superseded,

fragments of them, sometimes very numerous, found their
way into probably all existing MSS. Sometimes we find a
very pure Hieronymian text interspersed with such relics of
earlier versions, notably in the British Isles. The history of
these mixed texts and of their revisions is in itself very inter
esting. They often seem to represent local or provincial
recensions, sometimes anonymous, sometimes published under
the editorship of famous men. The two best known of these,
those of Alcuin and Theodulfus in the ninth century, could
hardly be neglected in any edition at all claiming comprehen
siveness : and the less known of the two, that of Theodulfus,
is of great critical value. Some notice also may naturally be
expected of the correctoria of the thirteenth and fourteenth
centuries, which show a knowledge of Greek as well as of Latin
MSS, I have examined several of these, and should wish in par
ticular to include the readings of the Vatican MS,, No, 3466,
ofthe thirteenth century (Vercellone's N and N *.) of which
I have a copy already of the part relating to the Gospels'.

' On this oon'ectorium see Vercellone Dissertazioni Acad., No. Ill, Rome
1864; Variae Lectiones Vulg. Lat. I. p. Ixxxix. Eome i860; Kaulen, GescJi.
der Vulgata, p. 255, 1868. Vercellone suggests that the author may have been
the learned man mentioned by Eoger Bacon (cp. Opus Tertium, ch. xxv. p. 94,
ed. Brewer iu Eolls Series). I have examined two other correctoria in the
Arsenal Library at Paris, whioh are different from this and from each other,
and probably both of some value. Those in Oxford aud in the British Museum
seem to be merely orthographical treatises. M. Delisle iuforms me that there
is a very valuable corrected Bible at Dijon, being, I suppose, that of Stephen
of Citeaux (early 1 2th century), numbered gr 6is in the catalogue published by
M. Eobert. A paper recently published by M. Samuel Berger in a Lausanne
theological journal, Des Essais qui ont iti faits a Paris au XI/I sihcle pour
corriger le texte de la Vulgate, contains useful information on correctoria and
corrected Bibles. The principal books described are (i) the final Correction
of the Dominicans in the Bible attributed to Hugo de St. Cher (cardinal
1 244-1 263), Paris Lat. 16719-16722, from the Jacobins of S. Jacques: (2) Cor-
rectorium Parisiense, the correctoria ofthe Arsenal 94 (olim 119) and 131 (olim
118), from S. Victor: (3) the Bible of the University, which he finds in two
MSS., Paris Lat. 15467, dated 1270, and ib. 15185, about the same date or
rather earlier : (4) the Bible of Sens, no longer existing, but cited in the second
part of the Correctorium Sorbontcum : (5) the Correctorium Sorbonicum, given
by Pierre de Limoges (f 1 304) to the Sorbonne, and containing in its first part
a copy of the corrections of No. (i), in the second a copy ofthe corrections of
the Bible of Sens and the two editions of Paris : (6) the anonymous Correctorium
of the Vatican, &c. Some of M. Berger's conclusions may perhaps be modified,
but his matter must be welcomed by all students of this difficult subject.

Considering then the historical interest of these different
types ef text, and the extreme difficulty of finding MSS.
wholly and purely Hieronymian, it has seemed desirable not
only to attempt to restore St. Jerome's own revision, but to
give specimens of these later recensions and corrections from
selected and characteristic MSS,
Anything like completeness is of course impossible. What
can be done is to give students a standard of comparison
which shall be sound as far as it professes to go.
In order further to assist the historical study of the subject
a collation or text will be given, when possible, of at least one
specimen MS, of the 'Italic' revision, such as St, Jerome
may be supposed to have had before him, as well as the
readings of a late MS, of the current corrupted text^, and
of the four most prominent types of the printed Vulgate,
that of R. Stephens (1540), the Hentenian (first published at
Louvain in 1547), the Sixtine (1590), and the Clementine
(1592), I am also enabled by the kindness of Father G.
E, Sergio, the literary heir and successor of the lamented
Vercellone, to give the various readings of the Codex Cara-
fianus written in the margin of the Hentenian Antwerp
Bible of 1583, These corrections apparently represent the
judgment of the Sixtine congregation of revisers (see Ver
cellone, Va7'iae Lectiones Vulgatae Latinae, tom, i. pp, xxvii-
xxxii), which was by no means always followed either by
Sixtus V, or Clement VIII. The MSS, quoted in it for the
New Testament are the Codex Amiatinus, the Gothicus
Legionensis (at Leon), and the Greek Vatican Bible — but
the corrections are curiously scanty.
Use will also be made of the collections of Bentley
and his assistants, John Walker, who worked in Paris in
1719-20, and David Casley, who collated Oxford MSS. in
1 72 1, Walker's work is generally good, and the whole of
his and Casley 's collations have been copied for me by friends,
while the book was in Oxford, and selections made from Bent-
ley's own collations and notes. These readings can hardly be
used without revision, but will be very useful as exhibiting
' Dr. Westcott suggests B M. Eeg. i. B. XII, a Bible written A.D. 1254 by
Wm. de Hales ' magister Soolarum Sarum,'

the general character and relations of MSS, and partly in test
ing the accuracy of my own work. I have also had a copy made
ofthe corrections introduced by Bentley into the Latin text (ed,
Cl, Sonnius, Paris 1628, Tr, Coll, Lib, B, 17, 6), though it
would probably not be fair to him to suppose that these were
finally determined by him. For the loan of the precious
volumes numbered B 17, 5, B 17, 6, and B 17, 14, I have to
thank the generosity of the Master and Seniors of Trinity
College, Cambridge, who have allowed them to be deposited
in the Bodleian for nine months of the past year (i88a) '.
The following is a list of the authorities and symbols at
present proposed to be used. Other printed texts may also
be employed e. g. the Stockholm ' aureus ' of the Gospels, and
the Augiensis of St, Paul. Those marked with a * have been
collated for this edition either freshly or for the first time,
and generally by myself. Those marked with a f still remain
to be collated or verified. Those marked with both have been
only partially collated. Initial letters have been used except
in the cases of Y, Z^ and Z^, in two of which I have followed
Bentley's notation,
A= Codex Amiatinus (Bible, sixth cent.), in the Laurentian
library^ at Florence, generally supposed to have been written
a little after a.d. 541, the year when its scribe Servandus
visited Monte Cassino. Printed by Tischendorf and Tre
gelles. Undoubtedly the purest Hieronymian text, but
probably not wholly free from mixture.
*tB=Bigotianus (Gospels, eighth or ninth cent., def. Job. iv,
6 -viii. 57 and many single pages. Walker's ir), Paris,

1 B. 17. 5 and B. 17. 6 are copies ofthe same Graeco-Latin text. The first
contains Walker's collations of French MSS. (identified by me Jan. 1882),
Bentley's collations of two Harleian MSS. of the Gospels (his M aud H) a,nd
of St. Chad's Gospels, and Casley's of Oxford MSS, viz. the Bodleian, Mac-
Eegol, Corpus, and St. John's Gospels, Selden Acts, and Laudian Epistles,
B. 17. 6 is Bentley's tentative emendation ofthe Graeco-Latin text with notes
on the interleaved pages, a volume from which Archdeacon Palmer has made
considerable and important extracts. B. 17. 14 is Martianay's Jerome with
Bentley's collations of some 36 English MSS, most of them now in the British
Museum or at Cambridge and Durham. For a fuller description of these and
Bentley's other books- see A. A. Ellis, Benthii Oritica Sacra, Camb. 1862, and
Westcott's Vulgate, esp. pp. 1709, 1711.

8
Lat. 281 and 298, A very good MS. in uncial characters,
once at F6canip. Synoptists collated Jan, 1883.
*C=Cavensis (Bible, probably ninth cent.), at the Abbey of the
Holy Trinity, close to Corpo di Cava, near Salerno, where
I collated the N. T. in the winter of 1878-79, This MS.
is written in Visigothic minuscules, by a scribe named
Danila, and is decidedly of Spanish origin, probably from
Castile or Leon, It belongs to the same recension as T,
*Di=Dunelmensis (Gospels, seventh-eighth cent,, Bentley's K),
in Durham Cathedral Library, A, II, 16, said to be 'de
manu Bedae,' and possibly from Jarrow. The text has
considerable affinity to the Lindisfame Gospels, but is
very close to A and S in St, John, which I collated in
Sept, 1882, and alone propose to use, Def. i, 1-27; xv,
i6-xvi. 33; xxi, 8-end.
tD2=-'-^"^^^'^^'^^^^- '^^^ ^°°^ of Armagh (whole N. T,, at Trinity
College, Dublin), Probably of more importance in the other
books than in the Gospels. Described by Dr, Reeves (now
Dean of Armagh), April 1861,
*tB=Egerton 6og (Gospels, eighth or ninth cent,, def, Mark vi.
56 — Luke xi, i), A Marmoutier MS, No, 87 (Mm of
Calmet and others) now in the British Museum, and sup
posed to represent the Gallican type.
F=ruldensis (N, T,, Gospels in one narrative, generally following
the order of Tatian, as is proved by the commentary of
Ephraem Syrus, recently published in Latin by Moesinger,
Venice, 1876), written for Victor Bishop of Capua, and
corrected by him, a,d, 541-546, Printed by E, von Ranke,
Marburg 1868, Ranks next in value to A,
*tG=' Germanum Latum,' Paris Lat, 11,563 (containing part
of 0, T., whole N. T., and three leaves of the Shepherd
of Hermas, ninth cent.. Walker's /x), A very curious MS,
with a good deal of affinity to E, and of a Gallican type,
but sometimes wonderfully correct when other MSS, fail.
I have printed St, Matthew from this MS, (gj of the Old
Latin) as No. i of my Old-Latin Biblical Texts, where I
have described the book at length.

9
*tH = Hubertianus (Old Testament and Gospds, Pauline Epp,
and Cath.Epp, to i Pet, iv. 3, ninth or tenth cent.). From
St, Hubert of the Ardennes, Brit, Mus. Add. MS. 24,142.
A valuable MS. of the same school, perhaps by the same
hand, as e.
*+e=Theodulfianus (Bible, ninth cent.). The Bible of Theo
dulfus, Bishop of Orleans, to which M. Delisle has recently
called attention, in the National Library at Paris, Lat.
9380. Of great value. Examined by me Jan. 1882. The
Gospels were collated by my brother Jan. 1883,
J=Foro-Juliensis (Gospels, sixth cent.?). St. Matthew, St.
Luke, and St. John, are at Cividale in Friuli, as I learn
from Dr. Ceriani (ed. Bianchini Ev. Quad. vol. 2. app, 1749,
Def, John xix, 29-40 ; xx, 19-end), and part of St. Mark
(xii. 2i-end, ed. Jos. Dobrowsky, 1778) at Prague. The
earlier part of St, Mark, at Venice, is now illegible,
tK=Karolinus (Bible, ninth cent.). 'Charlemagne's Bible,' of
the recension of Alcuin, Brit. Mus. 10,546.
Li=Lichfeldensis vel Landavensis ('Gospels of St. Chad,' circa
A.D. 700, formerly at Llandaff. Bentley's | in B. 17. 5).
Collation kindly contributed by Dr. Scrivener. Ends Luke
iii, 9,
tL2=Langobardus (Pauline Epistles, eighth cent.). Paris, Lat. 335.
In Lombard charaters, A valuable MS, as yet uncoUated,
tL5=Lemovicensis (Catholic Epistles, ninth cent,), Paris,
Lat, 2328. This and L^ were examined by me Jan, 1882,
*M=Mediolanensi3 (Gospels, sixth cent,, def, Mt, i, r-i6;
i. 2 5 -iii. 12 ; xxiii. 25- xxv. 41 ; xxviii. 20 b; Mk, vi. ro-
viii. 12). Ambrosian Library C. 39 Inf. A very valuable
MS, copied for this edition by Padre F, Villa, one of the
' Scrittori ' of the Library.
tMt.= Martini Turonensis (Gospels, eighth cent., in gold letters.
Walker's p). Tours, 22, Probably a Gallican Text,
*0i= Oxoniensis (Gospels, seventh cent., Casley's i/'). The
Bodleian Gospels, generally called St, Augustine's : much

IO
resembles X, Collated by me and Mr. F. Madan, Def,
Mt, i, i-iv, 14; viii. 29-ix, 18 ; John xxi. 15-end,
'*bj= Oxoniensis (Acts, seventh-eighth cent., Casley's x)- The
Selden Acts, No. 30, Def, xiv. 26-xv. 32. Collated by me.
+03= Oxoniensis (Epp. Paul., eighth cent.? Casley's x)- The
Laudian Epistles. Laud. Lat. 108. A Hiberno-Saxon MS,
Ends Heb. xi. 34. Order like Z^, 2 Thess. before Col.
Q='Book of Kells' (Gospels, seventh cent,, given by Abp. Ussher
to Trin, Coll, Dublin), A collation of it and the Book of
Durrow with cod. Am. is printed by Dr. T. K. Abbott in
his edition of the old-Latin Usserianus, Trin, Coll. A. 4, 15,
¦"Rl = Rushworthianus (Gospels, circa 820 a.d., Casley's x)-
Gospels of MacRegol, in the Bodleian. A valuable Irish MS.
*R2=Reginensis Vaticanus (Epp. Paul, seventh cent.), numbered
Reg. 9. Examinedby me April 1883, A collation has been
made for me by Dr, G. Meyncke May-June 1883.
*S = Stonyhurst (Gospel according to St. John, seventh cent.),
St. Cuthbert's book, once kept in his coffin at Durham, now
in the College of Stonyhurst S. J. : a very pure vulgate
text like A and Dj, collated by me in Sept. 1879.
'''T=Toletanus (Bible, probably tenth cent., though Ewald and
Loewe incline to the eighth). Now in the National
Library at Madrid, Of the same recension as 0, but in
Mozarabic characters. Its 'auctor possessorque' was Ser
vandus of Seville, whose friend John, Bp. of Cordova, gave
it to St. Mary of Seville in 988. Collated by me in
March- April 1882, and the collation compared with that of
Chr. Palomares made in 1588, now at Rome,
*V=Vallicellanus (Bible, ninth cent.). The Alcuinian Bible
of the Vallicellian Library at Rome: examined Dec, 1878.
Collated by me March-April 1883.
*X=Corporis Xti, Cantabrigiensis, No, 286 (Gospels sixth-
seventh cent. Bentley's B). The well-known book which
belonged to St. Augustine's, Canterbury : closely connected
with Oj. Examined Oct. 1882. Collation kindly given by
Rev. A, W, Streane, Fellow of Corpus, in the spring of 1883.
tY=Liudisfarnensis, (Gospels eighth cent., Bentley's Y). Brit.
Mus. Cotton Nero D. IV, written by Eadfrith, Bp. of
Lindisfarne 698-721 a.d. The Surtees Society's text seems
to require revision.

II
tZi=Harleian 1775 (Gospels, sixth-seventh cent., Bentley's Z).
A very valuable MS, collated in part by Griesbach.
tZj=Harleian 1772 (Rom., 2 Cor., Gal,, Eph,, Phil., 2 Thess.,
Col., 2 Tim., Tit., Philem,, Heb., James, 2 Peter, 2 John,
Apoc, eighth cent,, Bentley's M), Also partly collated by
Griesbach, Perhaps should be called an old Latin text.
^=Brixianus (Gospels, sixth cent. = /'), at Brescia. Printed by
Bianchini in his Evangeliariwm Quadruplex, Rome 1749,
and reprinted in Migne's Patrologia Lot., tom. 12, in the
works of Eusebius of Vercellae. Considered as the best
type of the Italic text before St. Jerome's revision. Cp.
Westcott, Vulgate, p, 1694.
¦y=Gigas Holmiensis (Acts and Apocalypse, thirteenth cent,).
Printed by J. Belsheim, Christiania 1879, Brought by the
Swedes from Bohemia, An Italic text like fi, the Acts being
practically the text used by Lucifer Calaritanus, and the
Apocalypse perhaps that used by St, Ambrose.
^=Monacensis (Gospels, sixth cent., mutilated =g;), at Munich,
The Delegates of the Press have recently purchased Tischen
dorf 's transcript, and I hope to edit it, in my Old-Latin
Biblical Texts, from this copy and the MS, itself.
Cor, Vat, = Correctorium Vaticanum, No, 3466 : see p, 5,
Cor, Six, ^Correctorium Sixtinum, corrections of the Sixtine
revisers in the Codex Carafianus : see p, 6,
St=Editio Stephanica, folio 1538-40, I have a copy of the
reprint of 1546.
P?=Editio Henteniana (1547), from the reprint in Plantin's
beautiful folio Bible 1583, of which I have a copy. This
book was the basis of the Papal revision,
,S=Editio Sixtina, 1590.
© = Editio Clementina, 1592, from Vercellone's reprint, Rome 1 8 6 1 .
The following arrangement will give some idea of the relation of
these MSS. to one another.
Italic MSS. .—
Brixianus (Gospels).
Gigas Holmiensis (Acts and Apocalypse).
Monacensis (Gospels).

12
Vulgate MSS. {generally with some old readings) : —
Amiatinus, Bigotianus (Gospels, mut,),
Dunelmensis (St. John),
Fuldensis,Foro- Julien sis (Gospels),
Langobardus (Pauline Epp,),
iLemovicensis (Catholic Epp.),
Mediolanensis (Ambrosian Gospels).
Book of Kells (Gospels),
Oxoniensis (Bodleian Gospels),
Reginensis Vaticanus (Pauline Epp,).
Stonyhurst (St. Cuthbert's St, John).
Corporis Christi Cant, (St. Augustine's Gospels),
Lindisfarnensis (Gospels). '
Harleianus 1775 and 1772 (Gospels, Epistles, and
Apocalypse). .
British recension: —
Dublinensis (Book of Armagh).
Lichfeldensis vel Landavensis (St. Chad's Gospels),
Oxoniensis (Selden Acts),
Oxoniensis (Laudian Epistles),
Rushworth (MacRegol's Gospels).
Gallican recension : —
Egerton, Maioris Monasterii (Gospels).
Germanum Latum.
S, Martini Turonensis (Gospels).
Sj>anish recension : —
Cavensis.
Toletanus,
Alcuinian ; —
Karolinus,Vallicellanus and several of Walker's MSS,
Theodulfian : —
Hubertianus (Gospels and Epistles to i Pet, iv, 3).
Theodulfianus,
JOHN WORDSWORTH, B, N, C.
Mv. 2, 1882,
Revised, May 25, 1883.

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