FAC-SIMILES

CHURCH DOCUMENTS:

PAPERS ISSUED BY THE

HISTORICAL CLUB

AMERICAN CHURCH.

1874-79.

PRIVATELY PRINTED.

PREFACE,

During the session of the General Convention in New York,
October, 1874, a few clergymen and laymen associated together to
form the Historical Club, for the purpose of putting in print, by
photo- lithographic process, important documents connected with
the early history of the American Church. Many such documents
are in the archives of the General Convention ; others of great value
belong to individuals. It was thought that an effort by which such
papers might be multiplied, and, in their integrity, placed beyond
the possibility of destruction, would commend itself to all interested
in our early ecclesiastical annals.
In the following pages are presented, in a collected form, the pa
pers printed for the .Historical Club of the American Church,
during the five years of its existence.* In this collection we see
letters from English prelates, who, in colonial days, manifested a
hearty sympathy with the Church here in its difficulties and trials ;
we trace the successive steps by which the American Church was
constituted a duly organized autonomous branch of the Church
Catholic ; we read the Letters of Consecration of Seabury and White,
and the like Letter given to Claggett, the first Bishop consecrated
on American soil ; we find important testimony on several points of
controversy. On the importance of many of these documents we need not
dwell, nor does it require words to show how much more interesting
and valuable they are in the exact fac-simile which photo-litho
graphy affords than they could be in ordinary print.

•Except that No. 13, the "Concordat." is also printed in a larger form, not suitable for bind
ing. In this form it may be had separately.

It is expected that, ere long, perhaps reorganized under a new
name, and with some change of plans, the Club will begin again
the issue, in fac-simile reprint, of important documents, which have
been placed at its disposal. Whatever profits may accrue "from the
present series of papers will be applied towards defraying the
expense of future issues.
The expression of views of persons interested would be very
acceptable to the Council of Publication. Letters may be addressed
to either member of this Council,
The Rt. Rev. WM. STEVENS PERRY, D. D., LL. D.,
Bishop of Iowa, Davenport, Iowa.
The Rev. CHARLES R. HALE, D. D.,
239 Maryland Avenue, Baltimore, Md.

LIST OF PAPERS

ISSUED BY THE

HISTORICAL CLUB

AMERICAN CHURCH.

1874-79.

#

No. of
Pages.

(1) Heliotype of Lambeth Palace Chapel (Frontispiece.)
(2) Title Page (and reverse)  2
(3) Preface  „.  2
(4) List of Papers  4
(5) Introductory Remarks  2
(6) Extract of a Letter of Bishop Sherlock, Feb. 19, 1759,
in the handwriting of Bishop White, (G. C.) 8x13  2
(7) Letter from Archbishop Seeker to the Rev. Wm. Smith,
D. D., Oct. 12, 1760, (Maryland Archives) 7x8^  4
(8) Letter from Archbishop Seeker to the Rev. Richard Pe
ters, August 11, 1764, (G. C.) 7x9  1
(9) Letter from the Archbishop of York to the same, May
28, 1765, (G. C.) 7^x9^  1
(10) Bishop Seabury's Letters of Orders, (W. J. S.) 6^x12... 2
(11) Bishop Seabury's Letter of Consecration, (W. J. S.)
14^x83^  !
(12) One of the earliest Letters of Orders given by Bishop
Seabury, (The Rev. Andrew Oliver, D. D.) 6^x9  1
* Names and initials within parentheses indicate the present ownership of the original doc
uments, (G. C.) designating the Archives of the General Convention; (W. S. P.) the Rt Rev.
W. S. Perry, D. D., LL. D.; (W. J. S.) the Rev. W. J. Seabury, D. D. The figures follow
ing such parentheses give, in inches, the size of the originals.

(13) Concordat between the Scottish Bishops and Bishop Sea
bury, (W. J. S.) 22x23  4
(14) Bishop Seabury's Testimonials, (W. J. S.) 7x12  1
(15) Letter from Bishop Home to Bishop Seabury, (W. J. S.)
7*9^  J
(16) Letter irom Bishop Seabury to the Rev. Wm. Smith, D.
D., (G. C.) yxny2  6
(17) Paper signed by Bishop Seabury and the Eastern Dele
gates, (G. C.) 5^x7  1
(18) Various signatures of Bishop Seabury, (W. S. P.) 6^x9. 1
(19) Letter from Bishop Jolly, referring to Bishop Seabury's
Consecration, at which he was present, (Md. Archives)
7x8^  4
(20) A Declaration of Rights, signed by Maryland Clergy,
August 13, 1783, (Md. Archives) 7x12  3
(21) Letter of the Rev. Dr. (afterwards Bishop) Claggett to
Bishop White, (G. C.) 7x8^  1
(22) Minutes of the Meeting of Clergy in Philadelphia, March
29 — April 6th, 1784, (G. C.) 7x8^  12
(23) Letter from the Rev. Dr. (afterwards Bishop) Parker,
(G. C.) 7x8^  2
(24) Letter from the Rev. J. Graves, Moderator of the Con
vention of Massachusetts and Rhode Island, (G. C.)
7x8^  4
(25) Extract from the Minutes of the Convention of Massa
chusetts and Rhode Island, Sept. 8, 1784, (G. C.)
7x8^  2
(26) Minutes of the meeting in New Brunswick, May, 1784,
in the handwriting of the Rev. Benjamin (afterwards
Bishop) Moore, of New York, who presided, (G. C.)
7^x12  1
(27) Proceedings of a General Convention in New York, Oct.
1784, from a rare "Broadside," (G. C.) 6x11 y2  1
(28) '' Proceedings of a General Convention held in New
York, Oct. 6, 1784, in the handwriting of Dr. Smith,
who presided," (G. C.) 7x12^  z

1
(29) "A General Ecclesiastical Constitution," (G. C.) 7x123^ 4
(30) Alterations to " render the Liturgy conformable to the
principles of the American Revolution," (G. C.)
7x12^   2
(31) Service for the Fourth of July, (the Epistle and Gospel,
wanting in the MS., supplied in the handwriting of the
Rt. Rev. B. B. Smith, D. D., LL. D., Presiding Bishop),
(G. C.) 7X™2SA  4
(32) Proposed alterations in the Book of Common Prayer,
(G. C.) 7^6x12  8
(33) Articles of Religion, (as proposed), (G. C.) 7x12^  8
(34) " Plan for obtaining Consecration," signed by the mem
bers of the General Convention of 1785, (G. C.)
Jj4xi2)4  2
(35) Letter of the English Bishops, in answer to the address
of the General Convention of 1785, (G. C.) 6^x12 ^ 2
(36) Letter of the Rev. Dr. (afterwards Bishop) Provoost,
(G. C.) 634x8%  3
(37) Letter of Richard Henry Lee, (G. C.) 7^x7   1
(38) Letter from the English Archbishops to the Committee
of the General Convention, (G. C.) 7^x12.^2  4
(39) Black Letter Act of Parliament authorising the Conse
cration of Bishops for America, (G. C.) 5^x9  4
(40) Letter from the Archbishop of Canterbury enclosing the
above, (G. C.) 7^x8^  *
(41) Memoranda relative to the Consecration of Bishops
White and Provoost, (G. C.) "jy^xioy^  1
(42) Bishop White's Letter of Consecration. (The Rev. Wm.
White Montgomery) 20x24  4
(43) Letter from Bishop Tozer describing Lambeth Palace
Chapel, 5^x8  2
(44) Letter from Bishop Seabury to Bishop White, (G. C.)
7x11^  2
(45) Letter from the Rev. Dr. Griffiths, D. D., Bishop Elect
of Virginia, to Bishop White, (G. C.) 7x8^  2
(46) Letter of Bishop Inglis (of Nova Scotia) to Bishop White,
(G. C.) 7x11^8  2

(47) Bishop Claggett's Letter of Consecration, (Md. Archives)

20XII.

2

(48) Circular Letter of the Rev. John Wesley to the Rev. Dr
Coke and others, (G. C.) S2AX1}&  z
(49) Letter of the Rev. Charles Wesley to the Rev. T. B.
Chandler, D. D., (W. J. S.) 7x12 
(50) Reasons against a Separation from the Church of Eng
land. By the Rev. John Wesley. Reprinted from a
copy given by the Rev. Charles Wesley to Bishop
White, with memoranda by Bishop White, (G. C.) 3x6. 12
(5 1 ) Letter from the Rev. John Wesley to the Rev. Dr. (after
wards Bishop) White, (G. C.) 6x7  2
(52) Letter of Bishop White in regard to the Letters of the
Rev. Dr. Coke, (Md. Archives) 8x13  3
(53) Memoranda of Bishop White referring to the same, (Md.
Archives) 8x13  1
(54) Letter of the Rev. Dr. Coke to Bishop White, (G. C.)
7x11^0  6
(55) Letter of the Rev. Dr. Coke to Bishop Seabury, (W. J.
S.) 7x11^  6
(56) An account of the Consecration by one Bishop, a Bishop
in parlibus, of the first Romish Bishop in the United
States. From a contemporaneous Romish Pamphlet,
(W. S. P.) 3x6^  24
Total number of pages  188

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At a Convention *f Clergymen andLty Deputies, of the Proteftant Episcopal
Church m tht United State/ of America, heU in New- York, October 6th
and vth 1 784 x—Prefent at follows j
RtM, SAMUEL PARKER, A. M. Mtflwhofcu nd Rhodc-Ubsd.
Rni. JOHN R- MARSHAL, A. M. Coueaiot.

O R K,
RtTd. THOMAS MOORE.
Hm. JAMES DU/.NE.
JOHN ALSOP, J w^wfc
HXw-JIRSfY,
»«d. UZAL OGDBN. M JOHN CHETWOOD. Hpfo
JOHN DE HART, E(q««, II Mr. SAMUEL SPRAGG.
FIMNIYLrANIA,
Rerd. WILLTAM WHTTEiD.O. H WCHAW) WILLING, T
R.wL SAMUEL MAGAW, D. D. 0 SAMUEL MflrHLL.- \ A<^m.
RtTd. JOSEPH HUTCHINS, A. M. fl RICHARD PETERS, J
MATTHEW CLARKSON, Bftjwre. ||
DELAWARE STATE,
R«d. SYDENHAM THORN, Rerd. CHARLES WHARTON. Mr. ROBERT CLAY.
MARYLAND.
Revd. WILLIAM SMITH. D. D.
.... ,v. „«!lm.Bf nnwwwu.
b* Lc_i TU in feitt Ah
W««B}*rtbe Chare*.
TH E Body now affcmblcd, recommend to the Clergy and Congregations
of their Communion lo the Statei represented as above, and propofe to
tbofe of the other States not reprcfcntcd, Tht t as foon at they (hall
have organized or aflbciated themfclves in the Statei to which tbey fcfpcCtivcIy
belong, agreeably to fuch Rules as they fh*U think proper, they umte in a general
ecck0afticat Conduction, on the following fundamental Principles.
I. That there (bail be a general Convention of the 'Epifcopal Church in the.
United States of America.
II. That the Epifcopal Church in each State* fend Deputies, to the Convention,
confiding of Clergy and Laity.
III. That aflbciated Congregations in two br more States, imry fend Deputies
jointly.
IV. That the faid Church (ball maintain the Doctrines of the Gofpel as now
held by the Church of England, and (hall adhere to the Liturgy of the
faid Church at far aa fhall be confiftent With the American Revolution,
and the Conftitutiont of the refpeAive Statei.
V. That in every State where there fhall be a Bifhop duly confecrated and fettled,
he fhall be confidered as a Member, of the Convention, ex Officio.
VI. That the Clergy and Laity affembled in Convention, (ball deliberate in on*
Body, but fhall vote feperately , and the Concurrence of both fhall be
neceffary to give Validity to every Meafure.
VII, That the tirlt Meeting of the Convention fhall be at Philadelphia, the
Tucfday before the Feaft of St. Michael next ( to which k is hoped, and
carneftly defircd. That the Epifcopal Churchea in the refpeftive Statei,
will fend their Clerical and Lay Deputies, duly intruded and authorised
to proceed on the neceffary Bufinefi herein propofed for their Deliberation.
Signed by Order of the Convention,
WILLIAM SMITH, D. D. Prtfden*.

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THE Body now afTembled, recommend to the Clergy and Congregations
of their Communion in the States represented as above, and propofe to
thofe of the other States not reprefented, That as foon as they fhall
have organized or aflbciated themfelves in the States to which they refpe&ively
belong, agreeably to inch Rules as they fhall think, proper, they unite in a general
ecclcfiaftical Confutation, on the following fundamental Principles.
I. That there mall be a general Convention of the Epifcopal Church in the
United States of America.
II. That the Epifcopal Church in each State, fend Deputies to the Convention,
confifting of Clergy and Laity,-
III. That aflbciated Congregations iri two or more States', may fend Deputies
jointly.
IV. That the faid Church fhall maintain the Doftrints of the Gofpel as now
held by the Church of Eng7and, and fhall adhere to the Liturgy of the
faid Church as far as fhall be conGftent with the American Revolution;
and the Conftitutions of the refpeclive States.
V. That in every State where there mall be a Bifhop duly confecrated and fettled,
he fhall be considered as a Member of the Convention, ex Officio.
VI. That the Clergy and Laity afTembled in Convention, fhall deliberate in one
Body, but fhall vote feperately; and tht Concurrence of both fhall be
neceJTary to give Validity to every Meafure. »
VII. That the firfl Meeting of the Convention fhall be at Philadelphia, the
Tuefday before the Feaft of St. Michael next; to which it is hoped, and
earneftly defired, That the Epifcopal Churches in the reipcclive States,
will fend their Clerical and Lay Deputies, doly inftrucled and authorized
to proceed on the neceffary Bufinefs herein propofed for their Deliberation.
Signed by Order of the Cotivenfiosi
WILLIAM SMITH, D. D. Prejider.t.

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find me- Let- Jfcf-J i 'Aon/ ana yenf&rne^n

ANNO REGN1
G E O R G I I III.
REGIS
Magnet Britannue, FranCue, SP Hi&ertiite,
VICESIMO SEXTO.
At the Parliament begun and holden at Wefinanfier, the
Eighteenth Day of May, /innoDomitu 1784, in the Twenty-
fourth Year of the Reign of our Sovereign Lord GEORGE
the Third, by the Grace of God, of Great Britain, France,
and Ireland, King, Defender of the Faith, &c.
And fipm thence continued, by ferenl Prorogations, to the Twency-
foorth Day of Jamtarj, 17861 being che Third SeiHen of the Six
teenth Parliament oT Great Britain.

LONDON":
Printed by C. Et*e and the Executors of W. Strahan,
Printers to the King's — 10ft Excellent Majefty. 1786.

t J567 ]
ANNO VICESIMO SEXTO
Georgii IIL Regis.
CAP. LXXXIV.
An Aft to empower the Archbiihop of Canter
bury, or the Archbifhop of York, for the Time
befog, to confecrate to the Office of a Bifhop,
Perfons being Subjefts or Citizens of Coun
tries out of His Majefty's Dominions.
U)_B_a«>, bp tbe latoa of tfiijt p,«mbi».
Bcalm, no Jperfon tan be confe;
cratcD to the fiDfftee of a TBI (hop _ttb«
out tbe Ring's licence fo; ftis Clec=
tion to that fflffire, anb toe Eopal
s@anbare unbec the cBjeat ®cal fo;
bis Confirmation anb Confutation :
Snb Whereas tWtp perron toho Ibalt be canfecrateb to the
faib JDfttte is require? to tafce tbe ©afbs of allegiance anb
ftupjemat", anb alfo tbe flDatb of bue flDbebience to tbe
arcbblfhop: ant sohcrtas there ace Disrrs Perrons, &ub=
ieuso? Citizens of Countries oucof J&is 8©ajeftp'e!Domi--
nions, anb inhabiting anb rcttbtng tottrjin tbe faib Conn.
tries, toho pjofefs tbe pubiufe iElojtbf p of aimigbtp (Sob,
accojbing to the pnncinles of the Church of England, anb
tebo, in ojber to pjotnDea regular ©uccclfion of QSir.iOrrs
fo? tbe fecrbice of there Church, are beu'rotts of babing
certain of tbe Subject* oj Citizens of tbofe Countries con=
rectateb "Bithopa, accojbing to tbe jro;m of Confecration
in tbe Church of England : TBe it cnafteD by tbe king's
moO Crcelicnt 8jf)aictt>, tip anb tath tbe aobicc anb
Content of tbe ILojbs Spiritual anb Ceinpojaf, ano
Commons, in this pjefem parliament aflembleb, anb bp
[18 A 2] tbe-

[is6S] ANNO REGNI VICESIMO SEXTO, &c. Cap. 84.
-rhc Arch- tbe autbojitp of the fame, Chat, from anb after tbe pair..
*£'»*" ing of tbts aa,. it (ball anb map be latoful to anb fo? tbe
SIKJ artbbiftop Of Canterbury, 0? tbe arebbifljop Of York, ft?
Siikft»l!r. «)« Ctme being, together tottb fucb other TBiOjops as! tbep
ftcnHX"' *al1 taIi to ttieir aflKtance, to contecrate perfans, being
'&" bkTJ8." ®ubjeas 0? Citizens of Countries out of iptg $>ajeup's
.'tbouc'thT' dominions, 'BiQjops, fo? tbe purpofes afojefatc, taitfeout
fcr"fh'.LS" tbe filing's licence fo? tbelr Cleftion, 0? tbe mopal £j9an.
£°uV*«* bate, unber tbe cjfjeat ©eal, fo? tbeir Confirmation anb
StaioVu.', Consecration, ano toftbout requiring them to tatte tbe
iDaths of allegiance anb &up?emacp, anb the £>ath of bus
£>ocbicnce to tlhje acebbiujop fo; tbe Cime being.
t>*o«,rih. 11. ptobibeb altoaps, Chat no perfons ujall be confe=
Sng'Su crateb "Biihops in the fanner IjerEin pjobibeb, until
S^RLt. tbe arcDbiujop of Canterbury, 0? tbe arebbifljop of York,
'ngthe'twi- f0? tbe Cime being, fijall babe firfl appiieb fo? ano obtained
cmiom -tu, fpi9 aeaiettp's licence, bp. astarrant unber Ibis ©opal Sfg=
net anb Sign Manual, autbo?tttng anb empotoering him
to perform fucb Confecration, anb erp?euing the iBarne 0?
jSanres of the perrons fo fo be confecrateb, no? until tbe
faib aubbiOjop has been fulls afcettaineb of their. futlit=
encp in goob Learning, of the Sounbnefs of tbeir JFaltb,
anb of tbe puritp of tbeir fanners.
soPerfon.«i in. p?obibed alfo, anb be itbetebp betlareb, Cbat no
u" thereby perfbn 0? perfons confecrateb to tbe Dulce of a OBflbop in
y^ti Soii tbe fanner atbjefafb, no? anp pecfon 0? perfons betibtng
MtieBy-X- tbeir Confecration from 0? unber anp 'Bifljop To tonfe*
winiow. trateb, no? anp perftm oj perfons abmitteb te tbe ®?bet
of Deacon 0? p?ieft bp anp TBiBjop 0? ISilJjops fb confe«
crateb, 0? bp tbe ducceflb? 0? ©ucceOTojs of anp TSiftjop 0;
OBiQjops fo conCwrateTj, Qjaff be tberebp enableb to ererdfe
bis 0? their refpettibe ©face o? ©ffices rottbin pis S#a»
jeftp's Dominions.
c«rtiftcat«of iv. p?ouibeb a,ltoaps, anb be it further enafteb, Cbat
tob.gn.c»i.y a Certificate of fucb Confecration Qjall be giben unber
iboP*Stb'' the Ipanb anb ©eal of the arebbifljop tobo confecratw, con»
taining the Barne of the perfon fo confecrateb, Wtb
tbe abbi tion, as toell of tbe Counttp tohereof be te a ®ub/>
jifft o? Citijen, as of tbe Church in tohicb be isappainteb
iBifljop, anb the further Defcrfpcion of bis not Dabtng
taken the faib Oaths, being erenipteb from tbe ©blfga=
tion cf To boing bp birtue of this aa.
9 FINIS.

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BRISTOL, Swr. 10, 1784.
To Dr. COKE, Mr. ASBURY, and our Brethren
in NORTH-AMERICA.
1. XX Y a very Uncommon train of Providences, many of the Provinces of
North- America are totally disjoined from their Mother-Country, and
erected into Independent States. The Engliih Government hat no Autho
rity over them either Civil or Ecclefiailical, any more than over the States
of Holland. A civil Authority is exercifed over them, partly by the Con-
grefs, partly by the Provincial Anemblies. But no one either exercifes or
claims any Ecclefiailical Authority at all. In this peculiar Situation fome
thoufands of the inhabitants of thefe States defire my advice -, and in com
pliance with their denre, I have drawn up a little Sketch.
2. Lord King's Account of the Primitive Charch convinced me many years
ago, That Bilhops and Prelbyters are the fame Order, and confequently
have the fame right to ordain. For many years I have been importuned
from time to time, to exe.cife this right, by ordaining part of our travelling
Preachers. But I have ftill refufed, not only for Peace' fake : but becaufe
I was determined, as little as pomble to violate the eftablifhed Order of the
national Church to which I belonged.
3. Eut the cafe is widely different between England and North-America.
Here there are Biihops who have a legal Jurisdiction. In America there
are none, neither any Parifh Miaifters. So that for fome hundred miles
together there is none either to baptize or to administer the Lord's Supper.
Here therefore my fcruples are at an end : and I conceive myfelf at full
liberty, as I violate no Order and invade no man's Right, by appointing
and fending Labourers into the Han-eft. 4-i

( * )
4. I have accordingly appointed Dr. Coks and Mr. Francis Assury, to be
joint Superintendents over our Brethren in North-America : As alfo Richard
Whatcoat and Thomas Vasey, to act as Elders among them, by bn.p-
tizin* and adminiftring the Lord's Supper. And I have prepared a Liturgy
little differing from that of the Church of England (I think, the beft
conftituted national Church in the World) which I advife all the Travel-
liDg-Preachers to ufe, on the Lord's Day, . in all their Congregations,
reading the Litany only on Wednefdays and Fridays, and praying extempore
on all other days. I alfo advife the Elders to adminifter the Supper of the
Lord on every Lord's Day.
c. If any one will point out a more rational and fcriptural way, of feeding and
guiding thofe poor flieep in the wildernefs, 1 will gladly embrace it. At
prefent I cannot fee any better method than that I have taken.
o.It has indeed been propofed, to defire the Englijb Biftiops, to ordain part
of our Preachers for America. But to this I object-, i. I defired the Bifbop
of London, to ordain only one ; but could not prevail : 2. If they con-
fented, we know the Slownefs of their proceedings ; but the -matter admits
of no delay. 3. If they would ordain them now, they would likewife expect
to govern thern. And how grievoufly would this intangle us f 4. As our
American Brethren are unw totally difentangled both from the State, and
from the Englijk Hierarchy, we dare not intangle them again, either with
the one or the other. They are now at full liberty, fimply to follow the
Scripture* and the Primitive Church. And v.e judge it beft that they
fhould ftand faft in that Liberty, wherewith God has fo ftrangery made
them free.
JOHN WESLEY.

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REASONS AGAINST A
SEPARATION FROM THE
Church of England.
By JOHN WESLEY, A.M.
Printed in the Year 1758.
WITH
HYMNS for the Preachers among
the Methodists (fo called),
By CHARLES WESLEY, A.M.
LONDON:
Printed by W. Strahan, and Sold at the
Foundery in Upper-MoorfieWs,
MDCCLX.

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REASONS AGAINST A
SEPARATION FROM THE
Church of England.

S\%zSAdK H E T H E R it be lawful or no (which
yxr )§( itfelf may be difputed, being not lb clear
)J( 3§C a P°int as fome may imagine) it is by
_L_F2___i no Means expedient for us to feparate
"**•*¦"¦ frorn the Eftablifh'd Church :
i. Because it would bs a Contradi«9ion to the
folemn and repeated J)eclarations, which we have
made in ali Manner of Ways, in Preaching, iu
Print, and in private Converfation :
a. Because (on this as well as many other Ac
counts) it would give huge Occafion of Offence to
thofe who feek and defire Occafion, to all the Ene
mies of God and his Truth :
3. Because it would exceedingly prejudice
againft us many who fear, yea, who Jove God,
and thereby hinder their receiving fo much, perhaps
any farther, Benefit from our Preaching :
4. Because it would hinder Multitudes of thofe
who neither love nor fearGoo, from bearing us atali :
A 2 5. Be-

C 4 ]
5- Because it would occafion many Hundreds,
if not fome Thoufands of thofe who are now united
with us, to feparate from us ; yea, and forjie of thofe
who have a deep Work of Grace in their Souls :
6. Because it would be throwing Balls of Wild
fire among them that are now quiet in the Land.
We are now fweetly united together in Love. We
nioftly think and fpeak the fame Thing. But this
would occafion inconceivable Strife and Contention,
between thofe who left, and thofe who remained in
the Church, as well as between thofe who left us,
and thole who remained with us : Nay, and be
tween thofe very Perfons who remained, as they
were variously inclined one Way or the other :
7. Because, whereas Controverfy is now afleep,
and we in great Meafure live peaceably with all
Men, fo that we are ftrangely at Leifure to fpend
our whole Time and Strength, in enforcing plain,
practical, vital Religion. (O what would many of
our Forefathers have given, to have enjoyed fo
Weffed a Calm ?) This would utterly banifh Peace
from among us, and that without Hope of its Re
turn. It would engage me for one, in a thoufand
Controversies, both in Publick and Private; (for I
fhould be in Confidence obliged to give the Reafons
of my Conduit,- and to defend thofe Reafons againft
all Oppofers) and fo take me off from thofe- more
ufeful Labours, which might otherwife employ the
ihort Remainder of my Life :
8. Because to form the Plan of a New Church
would require infinite Time and Care, (which might
be far more profitably beflowed) With much more
Wiiliom and greater Depth and Exteniivenefs cf
Thought, than any of us are M afters of:
9. Because from fome having barely entertain
ed a diftant Thought of this, evil Fruits have al
ready followed, fuch as Prejudice agair.ft the Clergy
in general . and aptnefs to believe 111 of them ; Con
tempt (not without a Degree of Bitternefs), of
Clergy-

Clergymen as fuch, and a Sharpneft of Language
toward the whole Order, utterly unbecoming either
Gentlemen or Chriftians :
io. Because the Experiment has. been fo fre
quently tried already, and tbe fuccefs never anfwer'd
the Expectation. God has fince the Reformation
raifed up from Time to Time many Witneffes of
pure Religion. If thefe lived and died (like John
Arndt, Robert B»!tant and many others) in the
Churches to which they belonged, notwithstanding
theWickednefs which overflowed both the Teachers
and People therein ; they rpread the Leaven of true
Religion far and wide, and were more and more
ufeful, 'till they went to Paradife. But if upon any
Provocation or Confederation whatever, they fepa-
rated, and founded diftinc. Parties, their Influence
was more and more confined ; they grew lefs and
lefs ufeful to others, and generally loft the Spirit of
Religion themfelves in the Spirit of Controverfy :
I r. Because we have melancholy Instances of
this, even now before our Eyes. Many have in
our Memory left the Church, and formed them
felves into diftinc. Bodies. And certainly fome of
them, from a real Perfuafion, that they fhould do
God more Service. But have any leparated them
felves and profpered ? Have they been either more
holy, or more ufeful than they were before ?
12. Because by fuch a Separation we fhould
not only throw away the peculiar Glorying which
God has given us, That we do and will fufter a_
Things for our Brethren's Sake, tho' the more we
love them, the lefs we be loved . But fhould aft in
direct Contradiction to that very End, for which we
believe God hath raifed us up. The chief Defigrt
of his Providence in fending us out, is undoubtedly,
To quicken our Brethren. And the firft Meffagc
of all our Preachers i% to the loft Sheep of the
Church of England. Now would it not be a flat
Contradi&ion to this Defign, To feparate from the
A- 3 Church?

_ 6 ]
Church ? Thefe Things being conlidered, we can
not apprehend, whether it be lawful in itfelf or no,
that it is lawful for us : were it only on this
Ground, That it is by no means expedient.
II. It has indeed been objected, That 'till we do
feparate, we cannot be a compact, united Body.
It is true, we cannot 'till then be a compaft
united Body, if you mean by that Exprefllon, A
Body diflir.dt from all others. And we have no
Defire fo to be.
It has been objected, Secondly, " It is mere Cow
ardice and Fear of Perfecution which makes you
defire to remain united with them."
This cannot be proved. Let every one examine
his own Heart, and not judge his Brother.
It is not probable. We never yet, for any Per
fecution, when we were in the Midi! of it, either
turned back from the Work, or even flackencd our
Pace. But this is certain: That although Perfecution
many Times proves an unfpeakable Bleffing to them
that fuffer it, yet we ought not wilfully to bring it
upon ourfelves. Nay, we ought to do whatever can
la wfully be done, in order to prevent it. We ought
to avoid it, fo far as we lawfully can . when perfe-
cuted in one City, to flee into another. If God
fhould fuffer a General Perfecution, who would be
able to abide it, we know not. Perhaps thofe who
talk loudeft, might flee firft. Remember the Cafe
of Dr. Pendletm.
III. Upon the whole, one cannot but obferve,
how defirable it is, That all of us who are engaged
in the fame Work, mould think and fpeak the fame
Thing, be united in one Judgment, and ufe one
and the fame Language.
Do we not all now fee Ourfehei, the Metbodijls
(fo called) in general, tbe Cburch and the Clergy in
a clear Light ?
We

I 7 ]
We look upon turfehei, not as the Authors, or
Ringleaders of a particular Sect or Party . (It is the
fanned Thing from our Thoughts :) but as Mef-
fengers of God, to thofe who are Chriftians in
Name, but Heathens in Heart and in Life, to call
them back to that from which they are fallen, to
real, genuine Chriftianity. We -are therefore
Debtors to all thefe, of whatever Opinion or De
nomination : And are confequently to do all that in
us lies, to pleafe all, for their Good, to Edification.
We look upon the Methodiftt (fo called) in
general, not as any particular Party . (This would
exceedingly obflruct (he Grand Defign, for which
we conceive God has raifed them up), but as living
Witneffes in, and to every Party, of that Chrifti
anity which we preach ; which is hereby demon-
ftrated to be a real Thing, and viiibly held out to
all the World.
WE look upon England as that Part of tbeWorid.
and the Church as that Part of England, to which all
we who are born and have been brought up there
in, owe our firft and chief Regard, We feel in
out felves a ftrong Zroeyti', a Kind of Natural Affec
tion for our Country, which we apprehend Chrifti
anity was never defigned either to root out or to
impair. We have a more peculiar Concern for our
Brethren, for that Part of our Countrymen, to
whom we have been joined from our Youth up, by
Ties of a Religious as well as a Civil Nature.
True it is, that they are in general, without God
in the World. So much the more do our Bowels
yearn over them. They do lie in Darin/ft and tbe
Shallow of Death. The more tender is our Com
panion for them. And when we have the fullett
Conviction of that complicated Wickcdnefs which
covers them as a Flood, then do we feel the moft
(and we defire to feel yet more) of that inexpreflible
Emotion, with which our blcffed Lord beheld Je~
rufalem, and wept and lamented over it. Then are
A 4 we

[ 8 3
we the nioft willing tofpend and it be fpent Tor them,
yea, to lay dawn our Laves for our Brethren,
We look upon the Clergy* not only as a Part of
thefa our Brethren, but as that Part whom God by
his adorable Providence, has called to be Watch
men over the reft, for whom therefore they are to
giye a ftri& Account. If tbefe then neglect their
important Charge, if they do not watch over them
with all their Power, they will be of all Men moft
miferable, and fo are entitled to our deepeft Com
panion. So that to feel, and much more to exprefs
either Contempt or Bitternefs towards them, betrays
an utter Ignorance of ourlelves and of the Spirit
which we efpecially fhould be of.
Because this is a Point of uncommon Concern,
let us c»nfider it a little farther.
The Clergy wherever we are, are either Friends
to the Truth, or Neuters, or Enemies to it.
If they are Friends to it, certainly we fhould do
every Thing, and omit .every Thing we can with a
fafe Confcience, in order to continue, and if it be
poflible, increafe their Good-will to it.
If they neither further nor hinder it, we fhould
do all that in us lies, both for their Sakes and for the
Sake of their feveral Flocks, to give their Neutrality
the right Turn, that it may change into Love rather
than Hatred.
If they are Enemies, ftill we fhould not defpair
©f leftening, if not removing their Prejudice. We
fhould try every Means again and again. We
fhould emplpy all our Care, Labour, Prudence,
joined with fervent Prayer, to overcome Evil with
Good, to melt their Hardnefs into Love.
It is true, that when any of thefe openly .wreft
the Scriptures, and deny the grand Truths of the
Gorpel, we cannot but declare and defend, at con
venient Opportunities, the important Truths which
they derty. But in this Cafe efpecially we have
_ked of all Gentlenefs and Meeknefsof Wifdom.
Contempt,

r y i
Contempt, Sharpnefs, Bitternefs can do no Good
7 he Wrath of Man wtri/tb'W, tb* Righttoufnefs of
Goo. Harfh Methods have been tried again and
again (by two or three unfettled Railers) : At Wed-
nejhuTj,. St. Ives, Cork, Canterbury. And how did
they fucceed i They always occafioned numberlefs
Evils-, often wholly ftopt the Courfe of the Gofpel.
Therefore, were it only on a prudential Account,
were Confidence unconcerned therein, it fhould be
a facred Rule to all our Preachers, " No Contempt,
no Bitttrnefs to the Clergy."
a. Might it not be another (at leaft prudential)
Rule, for every Methodifi Preacher, " Not to fre
quent any Diflenting Meeting ? " (Tho' we blame
none who have been always accuftomed to it) But
ifw. dothis, certainly our People will. Now this
is actually leparating from the Church. If therefore
it is (at leaf!) not expedient to feparate, neither is
this expedient. Indeed we may attend our AfTem-
blies, and the Church too ; becaufe they are at dif
ferent Hours. But we cannot attend both the
Meeting and the Church, becaufe they are at the
fame Hours.
If it be faid, " But at the Church wc are fed with
Chaff, whereas at the Meeting we have wholefome
Food :" We anfwer, i . The Prayers of the Church
are not Chaff: They are fubllannal Food for any
who are alive to God. 2. The Lord's Supper is
not Chaff, but pore and wholefome for all who
receive it with upright Hearts. Yea, ?. In nlmoft
all the Sermons wc hear there, we hear many great
and important Truths. And whoever has a fpiri-
tual Difcernment, may eafily feparate the Chaff
from the Wheat therein. 4- How little is tbe Cafe
mended at the Meeting? Either the Teachers are
New Light Men, denying the Lord that bought
them, and overturning his Gofpel, from the very
Foundations : Or they are Predelliii arians, and fo
preach Predcftination and Final Perfeverancc, more
A5

f io ]
or lefs. Now whatever this may be to them who
were educated therein, yet to thofe of our Brethren
who have lately embraced it, repeated Experierce
fhews it is not wholefome Food : Rather to them
it has the Effect of deadly Poifon. In a fhort Time
it deftroys all their Zeal for God. They grow
fond of Opinions and Strife of Words. They de-
fpife Self-denial and the daily Crofs; and to cam-
pleat all, wholly feparate from their Brethren.
3. Nc-R is it expedient for any Methodiyl Preacher,
to imitate the DhTenters in their Manner of Praying :
Either, in his Tent : All particular Tones both in
Prayer and Preaching fhould be avoided with the
uemoft Care : Nor in his Language j aR his Words
mould be plain and firople, fuch as the loweft of
his Hearers both ufe and understand : Or in the
Length of his Prayer, which fhould not ufually ex
ceed four or five Minutes, either before or after
Sermon. One might add. Neither fhould we ftng,
like them in a flow, drawling Manner 1 We iing
fvvift, both becaufe it faves Time, and becaufe it
tends to awake and enliven the Soul.
4. Fourthly., If we continue in the Church not
by Chance, or for want of Thought, but upon folid
and well weighed Reafons, then wc- fhould never
fpeak cortfemptuouSyof the Church, or any Thing
pertaining to it. In fome Senfe, it is the Mother
of us all, who have been brought up therein. We
ought never to make her Blemifhes Matter of Di~
verfion, but rather of fokmn Sorrow before God,
We ought never to talkludicroufly of them ; no,
not at all, without clear Neceffity. Rather, we
Ihouid conceal them, a&f_r as ever we can, without
bringing Guilt upon our own Confcience. And we
fhould all ufe every Rational and Scriptural Means,
io bring others to the fame Temper and Behaviour.
\&*,-AH\ for if fome of us are thus minded, and
others of an oppofue Spirit and Behaviour, this \vi)i
breed a real Schifm among ourfclves. It will of Courfe
3 divide

[ " _
.divide us into Two Parties; each of which will be
liable to perpetual Jcaloufies, Sufpicions and Animo-
fities againft the other. Therefore on this Account
Hkewife, it is expedient in the higheft Degree, that we
ihould be tender of the Church to which we belong,
5. In order to fecure this End, to cut off all Jea-
loufyand Sufpicion from our Friends, and Hope from
our Enemies, of our having any Defign to feparate
from the Church, it would be well for every Methe-
dijl Preacher, who has no Scruple concerning it, to
attend the Service of the Church, as often as conve
niently he can. And the more we attend it, the
snore we love it, as conftant Experience fhews. On
the contrary, the longer we abftain from it, the le_
Defire we have to attend it at all".
6. Laj'Ujy Whereaswc are furroundcd on every
Side, by thofe who are equally Enemies to us and
to the Church of England \ and whereas thefe are
long pra£.ifed in this War, and fkiiled in all the Ob
jections againft it : While our Brethren on the other
Hand are quite Strangers to them all, and fo on a
fudden know not how to anfwer them : It is highly
expedient for cvciy Preacher to be provided with
found Anfwers to thofe Objections, and then io in-
ftruct (he Societies where he labours, how to defend
themfelves againft thofe Afiaults. It would be there
fore well for you carefully to read over the Preferva-
tive agaiiift unfettled Notions in Religion, together
with Serious Thoughts concerning Ptrfeveranet ind
Prdeflintitioit calmly anfidtred. And when you, are
Mafters of them yourfejves, it will be eafy^foryout
to recommend and explain them to our Societies :
That they may no more be tcfl to and fro by every
Wind of Dsgirine; but being fettled in one Mind
ami one Judgment, by folid fcr.ipturjl and rational
Arguments, may grow up in all Things into Him U/ho
is our Head, even Jefus Chrift.
JOHN WESLEY.
A G I think

[ ia ]
I think myfelf bound in Duty, to add my Tefti-
mony to my Brother's. His Twelve Reafons againft
our ever Separating from the Church of England,
are mine alfo. I fubfcribe to tbem with all my
Heart. Only with regard to the Firft, / am quite
clear, that it is neither Expedient, nor Lawful
for Me to Separate: And I never had the leaft In
clination or Temptation fo to do. My Affec
tion for the Church is as ftrong as ever : And I
clearly fee my Calling ; which is, to live and to
die in her Communion. This, therefore. I am
determined to do, the Lord being my Helper.
I have fubjoined the Hymns for the Lay-
Preachers . ftill farther to fecure this End, to eut off
ell Jealaufy and Sufpicion from our Friends , or Hope
from our Enemies, of our having any Dtf'gn *f ever
Separating from the Church. I have no fecret Re
serve, or diftant Thought of it. I never had.
Would to God all tbe Methodift Preacheri were,
iu this refpect, like minded with
CHARLES WESLEY

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_ CS

. 1

.4 ^

A SHORT ACCOUNT
OF THE
ESTABLISHMENT OF THE
I3eto §>tt of Baltimore tn iHatplanti,
AND OF CONSECRATING THE
Right Rev. Dr. John Carroll firft bishop thereof
On the Fettfi of the Affumpthn, 1 790.
WITH A
DISCOURSE DELIVERED ON THAT OCCASION,
AND THE AUTHORITY FOR CONSECRATING THE
BISHOP, AND ERECTING AND ADMINISTERING
THE SAID SEE. TO WHICH ARE ADDED
EXTRACTS from the different bills of right and
constitution of the UNITED STATES,— Thar
Liberty of Conference is the Birth-right of every Man,
and an Exclufion of any religious Teft for ever.

LONDON:
Printed by J. P. Coghlan, No. 37, Duke-Street,
Grofvenor-Square, j 790.

A SHORT ACCOUNT

Of THE

ESTABLISHMENT

OF THE

NEW SEE OF BALTIMORE.

H E Roman Catholic religion was intro
duced into Maryland, together with the firft fel
lers in the reign of Charles I. who granted that
province to the Lord Baltimore a catholic
nobleman, as a refuge for perfons of his reli
gion from the feverity of the penal laws, which
that unfortunate monarch wanted either the
power or the fortitude to reftrain. A num
ber of catholic gentlemen and others emi
grated from England and Ireland with the
hope of enjoying that repofe in the new fet-
tlement, which was denied them in their na
tive country. The unrelenting fpirit of per-
B fecution

_ * ]
lecution purfued them over the Atlantic. It
deprived them of the juft fruits of their la
bours, it debarred them from every poft of
truft and profit in the colony which they had
fettled, it compelled them to maintain Prote-
ftant minifters, and finally it enforced a-
gainft them many of the Britilh penal laws,
from the cruelty of which they had fled. R. F.
Andrew White an Englifh Jefuit of eminent
piety and zeal accompanied the firft colonifts
in 1632, and from that date till the late revo
lution the American catholics in Maryland
and Virginia were conftantly ferved by Je
fuit miflioners fucceffively fent from England.
About the year 1720 the R. F. Grayton and
others introduced catholicity into Penfylva-
nia and it has fince received a remarkable
increale in that province. Since the peace
of 1783 and the feulepent of the American
conftitution, penal laws are no longer known,
and Catholics enjoy an equal participation of
the rights of human nature with their neigh
bours of every other religious denomination.
The very term of toleration is exploded, be
caufe it imports a power in one predominant
feft to indulge that religious liberty to others,
which all claim as an inherent right. Ca
tholic clergymen of various orders and na
tions

C 3 ]
tions have reforted to America, and they
every where find an ample vineyard to cultivate.
In this ftate of religious freedom the clergymen
judged it expedient to give liability and dig
nity tp the catholic religion by the eftablifh-
ment of a regular hierarchy, and they there
fore petitioned from the Pope the creation
of an epifcopal See and the appointment of a
diocefan Bifhop. The Pope applauding
their zeal gracioufly admitted their requeft,
and allowed them to ele_t their firft Bifhop.
The Rev. Dr. John Carroll who had been
for fome years the fuperior of the miflion was
the obje-t of their choice, and this Gentleman
was accordingly appointed firft Bifhop of
Baltimore. Upon the receipt of his Bulls
from Rome he immediately repaired to Eng
land where his perfon and merit were well
known, and prefented himfelf for confecra
tion to the Right Rev. Dr. Charles Walmefley
Bifhop of Rama, fenior Vicar Apoftolical of
the catholic religion in this kingdom. By
invitation of Thomas Weld Efq. the confe
cration of the new Bifhop was performed dur
ing a folemn high Mafs in the elegant chapel
at Lulworth Caftle, on Sunday the 15th day of

_ 4 3
of Auguft 1790, being the feaftof the AfTump-
tion of the BlefTed Virgin Mary, and the mu
nificence of that gentleman omitted no cir-
cumftance which could poffibly add dignity
to fo venerable a ceremony. The two Pre
lates were attended by their refpe£live affiftant
priefts and acolytes according to the rubric
of the Roman Pontifical; the richnefs of their
veftments, the mufic of the choir, the multi
tude of wax lights and the ornaments of the
altar concurred -to increafe tbe fplendor of
the folemnky, which made a lafting impreffion
upon every beholder. When the whole com
pany was feated, the following fhort addrefii
was delivered to the congregation by one of
the affiftant Priefts.

A SHORT

t 5 ]

A SHORT ADRESS,
DELIVERED AUGUST I J, 1790.
IN THE
CHAPEL OF LULWORTH CASTLE,
AT THE CONSECRATION
OF THE RIGHT REVEREND
Dr, JOHN CARROLL*
APPOINTED FIRST BISHOP OF THE NEW
ERECTED SEE OF BALTIMORE IN NORTH
AMERICA.

o

U R bleffed Lord and Redeemer hav
ing defeated the powers of hell by the triumph
ef the crofs, formed tohimfelf a kingdom on
earth which was to confift of the chofen of
every nation, becaufe all nations were now
become his own by right of conqueft. The
Sun of juftice which rofe from the Eaft, has
in its progrefs enlightened every region of the
globe, and the kingdom of Chrift, the church*
under the government of his Vicar and of
pallors

[ 6 ]
paftors deputed by him, has fucceflively em
braced the whole world. Ages fucceed ages,
empires fubvert empires, but the empire of
Jefus Chrift perfeveres ever one and the fame,
ever perfecuted and ever conquering, becaufe
all human revolutions are entirely fubfervient
to it, and the formation of the kingdom of
Chrift is the ultimate objeft of the whole
difpenfatiori of providence in the government
of this world. Never perhaps was this truth
more fenfibly evinced, than in the late violent
convulfions, by which the hand of the Al
mighty has difmembered the great Britifh em
pire, and has called forth into exiftence a new
empire in the Weftern world, the deftinies of
which, we truft, are founded in his tendereft
mercies. For although this great event may
appear to us to have been the work, the fport
of human paffions, yet the earlieft and moil
precious fruit of it has been the extenfion of
the kingdom of Chrift, the propagation of
catholic religion, which heretofore fettered
by reftraining laws, is now enlarged from
bondage and is left at liberty to exert the full
energy of divine truth. Already is catholicity
extended to the utmoft boundaries of the im-
menfe continent of America, thoufands are
there earneftly demanding catholic inftru&ors, and

C 7 _
and all penetrated with reverence for the apo
ftolical See of St. Peter have concurred to
demand, from his fucceffor a catholic prelate,
whofe knowledge and whofe zeal may eftablifh
the faith of Peter upon the ruins of thofe er
rors, which the firft inhabitants carried forth
with them from this country. But if Britain
infefted them with error, we have the confola-
tion to know that their catholicity is alfo de
rived immediately from us ; and as we in for
mer ages received the faith of Rome from the
great St. Gregory and our apoftle St. Auftin,
fo now at the interval of twelve hundred years,
our venerable prelate the heir of the virtues
and labours of our apoftle, will, this day, by
commiffion from the fucceffor of St. Gregory,
confecrate the firft Father and Bifiiop of the
new church, deftined, as we confide, to inhe
rit thofe benediftions which the firft called
have ungratefully rejefted. Glorious is this
day, my brethren, for the church of God
which fees new nations crouding into her bo-
fom ; glorious for the prelate elefl;, who goes
forth to conquer thefe nations for J efus Chrift,
not by the efforts of human power, but in the
might of thofe weapons which have ever tri
umphed in this divine warfare; he is not
armed with the -ftrength of this- world, but he is

C 8 J
is powerful in piety, powerful in zeal, powerful
in evangelical poverty and firm reliance on
the protection of that God who fends him.
Glorious is this event, for his numerous fpiri-
tual children, to whom his virtues have long
endeared him, comforting it is to us who have
been long connected with him by the virtu
ous ties of education profeffionandfriendfhipj
but in a fpecial manner, my brethren, honou
rable and comforting is this awful foleranity
to his and our common benefa&or, the foun
der of this holy fanftuary, which fhall be re
vered through fuceeeding ages, even by chur
ches yet un-named,as the privileged, the hap
py fpot, from whence their epifeopacy and
hierarchy took their immediate rife ; and this
precious diftinction will be juftly attributed to
the protection and favour of the glorious mo
ther of God, whofe houfe it is*, and through
whofe patronage all chriftian churches are
founded. On this her greateft folemnity, my
brethren.it is your duty to implore the parti
cular affiftance of the great Queen of heaven.
and while you are edified by the folemn rites
with which the Catholic Church confecrates
her prelates, you will earneftly follicit the
* It is dedicated tq the S. V. Mary. defcent

t 9 _
defceht of the Holy Ghoft on the Bifhop '
eleft, that like another Auftin he may wor
thily fulfil the extent of the apoftlefhip to
which he is called, and when you implore for
him the fevenfold grace of the Holy Spirit,
you will not fail to demand it through the
intercefliQn of her whom you daily falute,
" Mother of divine grace."
In full confidence of her protection and
bleffing upon our miniftry, we proceed to the
folemnity of the Confecration.

THE

- — . ¦¦¦— — — ^BBww— " ¦ ¦ ¦—
THE AUTHORITY
OF HIS HOLINESS
POPE PIUS VI.
FOB. CONSTITUTING. THE
Brto §>ee of fcattfnwre in iHarplartfr,
TRANSLATED FROM THE ORIGINAL.

FOR THE REMEMBRANCE Of POSTERITY.

w

HEN from the eminence of our apo
ftolical ftation, we bend our attention to the
different regions of the earth, in order to ful
fil to the utmoft extent of our power the duty
which our Lord has impofed upon our unwor-
thinefs of ruling and feeding his flock; our
care and folicitude are particularly engaged,
that the Faithful of Chrift who difperfed
through various provinces are united with us
by Catholic communion, may be governed by
their proper paftors and diligently inftrufted
by them in the difcipline of evangelical life
and doctiin'e. For it is our principle, that they
who relying on the divine affiftance have re
gulated their lives and manners, agreeably to
the

[ " ]
the precepts of Chriftian wifdom, ought fo to
command their own paflions as to promote by
the purfuit of juftice their own and their
neighbour's fpiritual advantage; and that they,
who have received from their Bifhops, and by
checking the intemperance of felf-wifdom,
have fteadily adhered to the heavenly doctiine
delivered by Chrift to the Catholic Church,
fhould not be carried away by every wind of
doctiine, but grounded on the authority of
divine revelation fhould reject the new and
varying doftrines of men, which endanger the
tranquility of government, and reft in the un
changeable faith of the Catholic Church. For
in the prefent degeneracy of corrupt manners
into which human nature ever refilling the
fweet yoke of Chrift is hurried, and in the
pride cf talents and knowledge which difdains
to fubmit the opinions and dreams of men to
the evangelical truth delivered by jefus Chrift,
fupportmuft be given by that heavenly autho
rity which is entrufted to the Catholic Church
as to a fteady pillar and folid foundation whicli
fhall never fail, that from her voice and in
fractions mankind may learn the objeQs of
their faith and the rules of their conduft, not
only for the obtaining of eternal falvation, but
aifo for the regulation of this life and the
C 2 main-

C « 3
maintaining of concord in the fociety' of this
earthly city. Now this charge of teaching
and ruling firft given to the apoftle. and ef
pecially to St. Peter the prince of the apoftlest
on whom alone the church is built, and to
whom our Lord and Redeemer entrufted the
feeding of his lambs and of his fheep, has been
derived in due order of fucceflion to . Biftiops,
and efpecially to the Roman Pontiffs, fuccef-
fors pf St. Peter and heirs of his power and
dignity, that thereby it might be made evi
dent that the gates of hell can never prevail
againft the church, and that the divine, founder
of it will ever aflift it to tbe confummatiou of
ages, fo that neither in the depravity of mo
rals nor in the fluctuation of novel opinions
the epifcopal fucceflion fhall ever fail or the
bark of Peter be funk. Wherefore it having
reached our ears that ih the flourishing com
monwealth of the Thirteen American States
many faithful Chriftians united in communion
with the chair of Peter, in which the centre
of catholic unity is fixed, and governed in
their fpiritual concerns by their own priefts
having care of fouls, earneftly defire that a
Bifhop may be appointed over them to exer-
cife the functions of epifcopal order, to feed
them more largely with the food of falutary
doclrine,

C 13 3
do&rine, and to guard more carefully that
portion of tbe catholic flock; We willingly
embraced this opportunity which the grace
of Almighty God has afforded us to provide
thofe diftant regions with the comfort and mi-
niftry of a. Catholic Bifhop. And that this
be effe&ed more fuccefsfully and according
to the rules of the facred canons, We com-
miflioned our Venerable brethren the Cardie
nal_ of the holy Roman church, directors of
the Congregation de -propaganda fide, to ma
nage this bufinefs with the greateft care, and
to make a report to us. It was therefore ap
pointed by their decree, approved by m&, and
publifhed the twelfth day of July of the laft
year, that tbe priefts who lawfully exereife the
facred miniftry and have care of fouk in the
united States of America, fhould be empower
ed to advife together and to determine, firft,
in what town the epifcopal See ought to be
ere-ted, and next who of the aforefaid priefts
appeared the raoft worthy and proper to be
promoted to this important charge, whom We,
for this firft time o§ly, _pd,by fpecial grace
permitted the faid priefts. to ele-t and to prefent
to this apoftolical See. In obedience to this
decree the aforefaid priefts exercifing the cure
of fouls in the United States of America,
unanimoufly

C h 3
unanimoufly agreed, that a Bifhop with ordi
nary jurisdiction ought to be eftablifhed in the
town of Baltimore, becaufe this town fituate in
Maryland which province the greater part of
the priefts and of the faithful inhabit, ap
peared the moft conveniently placed for inter-
courfe with the other States, and becaufe
from this province Catholic religion and faith
had been propagated into the others. And
at the time appointed for the election, they
being afTembled together, the facrifice of holy
Mafs being celebrated, and the grace and
afliftance of the Holy Ghoft being implored,
the votes of all prefent were taken, and of
twenty fix priefts who were afTembled twenty
four gave their votes for our beloved fon
John Carroll, whom they judged the moft pro
per to fupport the burden of epifeopacy, and
fent an authentic inftrument of the whole
transaction to the aforefaid Congregation of
Cardinals. Now all things being maturely
weighed and confidered in this Congregation,
it was eafily agreed that the interefts and in
creafe of Catholic religion would be greatly
promoted, if an epifcopal See were ere£ted at
Baltimore, and the faid John Carroll were ap
pointed the Bifiiop of it. We therefore, to
whom this opinion has been reported by our
beloved

C *5 3
beloved fon Cardinal Antonelli Prefecl of the
faid Congregation, having nothing more at
heart than to enfure fuccefs to whatever tends
to the propagation of true religion and to the
honour and increafe of the Catholic Church ;
by the plenitude of our apoftolical power, and
by the tenour of thefe prefent, do eftablifh
and erect the aforefaid town of Baltimore into
an epifcopal See for ever, for one Bifhop to be
chofen by us in all future vacancies; and We
therefore, by the apoftolical authority afore
faid, do allow, grant and permit to the Bifhop
of the faid city, and to his fucceffors in all fu
ture times, to exercife epifcopal power and ju~
rifdifction, and to hold and enjoy all _nd every
right and privilege of order and jurifdiction,
and of every other epifcopal function, and
which Bifhops conftituted in other places are
empowered to hold and enjoy in their refpec-
tive churches, cities and diocefes, by right,
cuftom or by other means, by general privi
leges, graces, indults and apoftolical difpenfa-
tions, together with all pre-eminencies, ho
nours, immunities, graces and favours, which
other Cathedral Churches, by right or cuf
tom, or in any other fort, have, hold and en
joy. We moreover decree and declare the
faid epifcopal See thus erefted, to be fubjecr. or

E i« 3
or fufFragan to no Metropolitan right br j u-
rifdiction, but to be for ever fubjeft imme
diately to us, and to our fucceffors the Roman
pontiffs, and to this apoftolical See. And till
another opportunity fhall be prefented to us
of eftablifhing other Catholic Bifhops in the
United States of America, and till other dif-
pofitions fhall" be made by this apoftolical See,
We declare, by our apoftolical authority, all
the Faithful of Chrift living in Catholic com
munion, as well ecclefiaftics as feculars, and
all the clergy and people dwelling in the afore
faid United States of America, though hither
to they may have been fubje£tto other Bifhops
of other diocefes, to be henceforward fubject-
to the Bifhop of Baltimore in all future times ;
and to this Bifhop and to his fucceffors we
impart power to curb and check, without ap
peal, all perfons who may contradict or op-
pofe their orders, to vifit perfonally or by de
puties all Catholic Churches, to remove abu-
fes, to correcl the manners of the faithful,
and to perform all things which other Bilhdps
in their refpective diocefes are accuftomed to
do and perform, faving in all things our owl-
authority and that of this apoftolical See.
And, whereas by fpecial grant, and for this
firft

C *7 3
firft time only, we have allowed the priefts
exercifing the cure of fouls in the United
States of America, to elecl a perfon to be ap
pointed Bifhop by us, and almoft all their
votes have been given to our beloved fon
John Carroll Prieft; We being otherwife
certified of his faith, prudence, piety and zeal,
forafmuch as by our mandate he hath during
the late years directed the fpiritual govern
ment of fouls, do therefore, by the plenitude
of our authority, declare, create, appoint and
conftitute the faid John Carrol Bifhop and
Paftor of the faid church of Baltimore, grant
ing to him the faculty of receiving the rite of
confecration from any Catholic Bifhop hold
ing communion with the apoftolical See, affif-
ted by two Ecclefiaftics veiled with fome dig
nity, in cafe that two Bifhops cannot be had,
fbft having taken the ufual oath according to
the Roman Pontifical. And we commiflion
the faid Bifhop elect to erecl a church in the
faid city of Baltimore, in form of a Cathedral
Church, inafmuch as the times and circum-
fta/nces may allow, to inftitute a body of clergy
deputed to divine worfhip and to the fervice
of the faid church, and moreover to eftablifh
an epifcopal feminary either in the fame city
D or

[ i8 3
or elfewhere as he fhall judge moft expedient,
to adminifter ecclefiaftical incomes, and to
execute all other things which he fhall think
in the Lord to be expedient for the increafe
of Catholic faith and the augmentation of the
worfhip and fplendou'r of the new-ere&ed
church. We moreover enjoin the faid Bifhop
to obey the injunctions of our Venerable
brethren the Cardinals Directors of the fa
cred Congregation de propaganda Jide, to
tranftnit to them at proper times a relation of
his vifitation of his church, and to inform
them of all things which he fhall judge to be
ufeful to the fpiritual good and falvation of
the flock trufted to his charge. We there
fore decree that thefe our letters are and ever
fhall be firm, valid and efficacious, and fhall
obtain their full and entire effect, and be
obferved inviolable by all perfons whom it
now doth or hereafter may concern; and that
all Judges ordinary and delegated, even audi
tors of caufes of the facred apoftolical palace,
and Cardinals of the holy Roman -church
muft thus judge and define, depriving all
and each of them of all power and autho
rity to judge or interpret in any other manner,
and declaring all to be null and void, if any
one,

C 19 3
one, by any authority, fhould prefume, either
knowingly or unknowingly, to attempt any
thing contrary thereunto. Notwithftanding
all apoftolical, general or fpecial conftitutions
and ordinations, publifhed in univerfal, pro
vincial and fynodical councils, and all things
contrary whatfoever.
Given at Rome at St. Mary Major, under the
Fifherman's Ring (Seal) the 6th day of No
vember 1789, and in the \§th Year of ov.r
Pontificate.
DUPLICATE.
L. S. R. Card.Braschi Onssti.

D2

NOTES TO THE
FACSIMILE REPRINT.

The preceding pages, copied in fac-simile, by
photo-lithographic process, for the HISTORICAL
Club, from a very rare pamphlet secured in
England by the Rev. Francis L Hawks, D. D.,
LL. D., and now in the possession of the Rev.
Wm. Stevens Perry, D. D., shew that, in
marked contrast with the care taken that, at
the Consecration of Seabury, and of White
and Provoost, all should be done in accordance
with the ancient Canons, the Romish hierarchy
in this country began with a most irregular con
secration, by one Bishop — a Bishop " in parti-
bus," and this, as will be seen, authorized by a
Papa! Bull.

Pages 20 to 32 of the pamphlet herewith re
printed, are taken up with " Extracts from the
different Bills of Right and Constitutions of
the Thirteen United States of North America ;
declaring Liberty of Conscience as the Bjrth-

[ xxi ]
right of all men. With copies of their Oaths
of Allegiance and Trust."
It seems sufficient here, without reprinting
these Extracts in full, to cite their Headings,
which are, verbatim et literatim, as follows :
New Hampshire Bill of Rights, — Part I. Article 5.
Dated at Concord, Oct. 31, 1783.
Massacfiusets Constitution, Part I. Article 2. Dated
at Cambridge, March 2. 1780.
Rhode Island Charter ; — 14th Charles II.
Connecticut signed the General Convention, esteeming
any particular Declaration unnecessary.
New York Constitution, April 20, 1777. — Articles
38. and 39.
New fersey Constitution^ — fuly'2, 1776. — Art. 18.
Pensylvania Declaration of Rights, — Sept. 28, 1776.
— Chap. 1. Art. 2. — Chap. 2. Sect. 10. — Sect. 40.
Delaware Declaration of Rights, — Sept. 20, 1776 —
Sect. 2. and 3. — Constitution, Art. 22.
Maryland Declaration of Rights, — Aug. 14. 1776.-^-
Art. 33: 35."— Constitution, Art. 55.
Virginia signed the General Convention.
North Carolina — Dec. 19. 1776. — Declaration of
Rights, Art. 19. — Constitution, Art-. 34. 40 41.
South Carolina signed the Convention.
Georgia Constitution — Feb. 5. 1777. — Art. 56.
Extracts from the General Constitu
tional Declarations of the Thirteen
United States of America, assembled in
CONGRESS, September 17, 1787, and the 12th
of their INDEPENDENCE.

[ xxii ]
It is curious to notice the evident satisfaction
these Declarations as to liberty of conscience
gave to English and American Romanists in
1790, and then read the Encyclicals of Gregory
XVI, (August 13, 1832), and of Pius IX, (De
cember 8, 1863), denouncing the "insanity" *
of those who -declare, that, " Liberty of con
science is the right of every man, and that this
right ought in every well governed State to be
proclaimed and asserted by the law," f and the
79th Article of the Syllabus, stigmatizing the
error of those who deny " That the civil liberty
of every mode of worship, and, the full power
given to all of overtly and publicly manifesting
their opinions, and their ideas, of all kinds
whatsoever, conduce more easily to corrupt the
morals and minds of the people, and to the
propagation of the pest of indifferentism4
* " Deliramentum."
f " Libertatem conscientiae et cultuum, esse proprium cujus-
cumque hominis jus, quod lege proclamari et asseri debet in
' omni recte constitute societate."
% "Civilem cujusque cultus libertatem, itemque plenam potes-
tatem omnibus attributam quaslibet opiniones cogitationesque
palam publiceque manifestandi, conducere ad populorum mores
animosque facilius corrumpendas, ac indifferentismi pestem
propagandam."